OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Amiens – Glisy Aerodrome

Amiens – Glisy Aerodrome (French: Aérodrome d'Amiens - Glisy, ICAO: LFAY) is an airport serving Amiens, the capital city of the Somme department of the Picardy (Picardie) region in France. The airport is located 7 km (4 mi) east-southeast of Amiens, in Glisy.
The airport is used for general aviation, with no commercial airline service.

## History

During World War II the airport was used by the German Luftwaffe during the occupation of France. It was attacked by the United States Army Air Force on several occasions in the spring of 1944. Later, it was liberated by the British Second Army in August 1944. RAF and RNZAF de Havilland Mosquito operated from this field from August to November 1944 as the allied armies pushed west.
The airfield was then used by the Americans as a troop carrier and transport airfield flying C-47 Skytrain aircraft. It was known as Amiens/Glisy Airfield or Advanced Landing Ground B-48. Units that were assigned to the airfield were the 315th Troop Carrier Group (12AF) and 1st Troop Carrier Pathfinder Squadron (Provisional) (9th AF). It was also the headquarters of the Twelfth Air Force 52nd Troop Carrier Wing.
Shortly after the war the 438th Troop Carrier Group (53rd Wing, 9th AF) was stationed from 18 May - 25 July

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 208 feet (63 m) above mean sea level. It has one paved runway designated 12/30 with an asphalt surface measuring 1,300 by 25 metres (4,265 ft × 82 ft). It also has a parallel unpaved runway with a grass surface measuring 900 by 100 metres (2,953 ft × 328 ft).
# Small boat operations

Small boat operations in military and naval warfare refers to operations in and around the littoral zone, within a certain distance of shore, carried out by small, fast and highly maneuverable craft. In recent years, research has been conducted into the use of autonomous small boats for use in military contexts.

## History

The role of these types of operations has been both offensive and defensive. Conventional navies have used small torpedo craft for hit-and-run type attacks and raids on coastal and shoreline targets as far back as the late 1800s. Prior to the use of modern small boat operations and torpedoes in warfare, large naval vessels were generally used to contain enemy ports without a large risk of sustaining damage from the vessels in port, though the advancement of small boats has changed this calculus. By the 20th century, the use of small boats in coastal operations had become a standard part of naval defense strategies.
Following suicide attacks on warships by terrorists such as in the Sri Lankan Civil War and the USS Cole bombing, navies have adapted specialized craft to maintain port security, patrol coastal and river line areas.

## Craft types

* Rigid Raider
* Arrow boat
* SOC-R boat

## Units

* 1 Assault Group Royal Marines
* Rapid Action Boat Squadron
* Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen
# Raya Malla

Raya Malla (Nepali: राय मल्ल) was a Malla Dynasty king and the first King of Bhadgaon after the division of Kathmandu Valley into Kantipur, Patan, and Bhadgaon following the death of his father Jayayakshya Malla. He reigned from 1482 until his death in 1505. His younger brother, Ratna Malla, ruled over Kantipur.

## Reign

During his reign, the Bhadgaon bordered Dudh Koshi. Raya Malla established the Catur Varna Mahavihara in Bhaktapur. He died in 1505 and was succeeded by his son Bhuwana Malla.
# Frank Snowsell

Frank Snowsell (May 15, 1908 – August 16, 2003) was a British-born educator and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Saanich in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia between 1952 and 1953 as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.
Born in Cirencester, Gloucestershire, England, he came to Canada with his family and completed his education at the University of British Columbia. In 1933, he married Chelta Reid. Snowsell worked with the RCAF Intelligence Division in Germany and Denmark during World War II. Snowsell was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1953, 1956 and 1972. He returned to teaching after leaving politics. In 1965, he was elected president of the provincial NDP. Snowsell ran unsuccessfully as an NDP candidate in the Capilano federal riding in 1968.
In 1985, he published Road to ruin: the path of the United States foreign policy, 1945-1984. He died in Kelowna in 2003.
# Frederick William Anderson (politician)

Frederick William Anderson (September 28, 1883 – April 28, 1955) was a civil engineer, rancher and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Kamloops in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1916 to 1924, as a Liberal.
He was born in Ottawa, Ontario, the son of William Anderson, and was educated in Ottawa and at McGill University. After working on a number of large construction projects across Canada, Anderson moved to Kamloops, British Columbia, where he operated a farm and raised livestock. He married Marion Claire, the daughter of Gordon Edward Corbould. Anderson served as government whip in the assembly. He was a lieutenant in the Canadian Engineers of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Anderson died in Vancouver at the age of 71.
# Harold Despard Twigg

Harold Despard Twigg (April 5, 1876 – November 12, 1946) was an Irish-born lawyer, life insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Victoria City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1924 to 1933 as a Conservative. Between 1928 and 1933, he served as the deputy speaker of the Legislature. He did not seek a third term in office in the 1933 provincial election.
He was born in Dungannon, County Tyrone, the son of William Twigg and the former Miss Smith, and came to Canada in 1899. He was called to the British Columbia bar in 1903 and set up practice in Victoria. In 1911, Twigg married Marguerite J. Little. Twigg served in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I, achieving the rank of captain. He was a director for the Victoria Chamber of Commerce. He died in Victoria at the age of 70.
# Sri Lankans in India

Sri Lankans in India mainly refer to Tamil people of Sri Lankan origin in India and non resident Sri Lankans. They are partly who migrated to India and their descendants and mostly refugees from Sri Lanka because of the recently concluded Sri Lankan Civil War. There is also a small population of Sinhalese people in India, numbering about 3,500 and mostly located in Delhi and Chennai. 57 Sri Lankans have become Indian citizens through naturalization since 2017. According to records with the Union Ministry of Home Affairs, as on January 1,2021, there were 58,843 Sri Lankan refugees staying in 108 refugee camps in Tamil Nadu and 54 in Odisha.

## History
### Early arrivals

During 19th century and early 20th century some Sri Lankan Tamils especially from Jaffna migrated or settled in India for various reasons such as education, employment in the British Indian government, business and other reasons.

### Sri Lankan refugees

The Sri Lankan refugees arrived in Tamil Nadu in four waves. The first wave on 24 July 1983, after Black July, to the 29 July 1987 up until the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, 134,053 Sri Lankan Tamils arrived in India. The first repatriation took place after the signing of the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord in 1987 and between 24 December 1987 and 31 August 1989, 25,585 refugees and non-camp Sri Lankan nationals returned to Sri Lanka. The second wave began with the start of Eelam War II after 25 August 1989, where 122,000 Sri Lankan Tamils came to Tamil Nadu. On 20 January 1992, after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi 54,188 refugees were voluntarily repatriated to Sri Lanka, until March 1995. Eelam War III commenced in April 1995 starting the third wave or refugees. By 12 April 2002, nearly 23,356 refugees had come to Tamil Nadu. The flow of refugees had stopped in 2002 because of the cease fire agreement.

## Demographics
### Tamil people

Sri Lankan Tamils in India number in the hundreds of thousands, mostly in the state of Tamil Nadu, the closest state to Sri Lanka and the easiest to get to. There is also a considerable number in the city of Trivandrum, with around 2,700 refugee families. There are also a number of Sri Lankan Tamils in the eastern regions of Orissa, Karnataka and Pondicherry.

### Sinhalese people

There are a small number of Sinhalese people in India, scattered all around the country, but mainly living in and around the northern and southern regions. Delhi has the largest concentration Sinhalese people in north India with 1,100, the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra have 5,800 and 2,400 respectively. There are an estimated 2,000 families in the city of Chennai, many of them who are employees of the Sri Lankan Deputy High Commission or work for banking companies. Some are also pursuing higher education. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the state of Gujarat have 200 each while other states such as Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, West Bengal, Jharkhand have populations ranging from 60 to 30 people.

## Notable people

* J. P. Chandrababu
* V. Kanakasabhai
* Balu Mahendra
* E. M. V. Naganathan
* Arumuka Navalar
* M. G. Ramachandran
* J. K. Rithesh
* Donald Rutnam
* Jacqueline Fernandez
# Operation Rana Gosa

Operation Rana Gosa, (battle cry in Sinhala), was an operation fought during the Sri Lankan Civil War as part of Eelam War III launched on 4 March 1999. The Operation resulted in the Sri Lankan Army re-capturing of 535 square kilometres of territory previously occupied by the LTTE.
# Henry George Parson

Henry George Parson (September 13, 1865 – February 5, 1936) was an English-born merchant and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Columbia from 1907 to 1912 as a Conservative. He was defeated when he sought re-election in the 1912 provincial election and then again in the 1920 provincial election.
He was born in London, the son of George F. Parson, and was educated there. Parson came to Ottawa in 1883, moved to Banff in 1885 and then came to British Columbia in 1887. In 1889, he married Mary Jane Reid. Parson lived in Golden. He served as president of the Golden Board of Trade and of the Golden Hospital Society. He was chairman of the Royal Commission of Labour which produced its report in 1914. Parson died in Vancouver at the age of 70.
The community of Parson near Golden was named after him.
# Buddha Dharma wa Nepal Bhasa

Buddha Dharma wa Nepāl Bhāsā (Nepali: बुद्धधर्म वा नेपालभाषा, lit. 'Buddhism and Nepalese') was the first magazine published in Nepal Bhasa. It was launched in 1925 in Kolkata, India by Dharmaditya Dharmacharya.
The inaugural issue was released on the festival commemorating the anniversary of Lord Buddha's Birth, Enlightenment and Nibbana. The magazine was known as Buddha Dharma until 1927.

## History

Dharmaditya Dharmacharya (1902-1963), born Jagat Man Vaidya in Lalitpur, worked towards the revival of Theravada Buddhism in Nepal and the development of Nepal Bhasa journalism. Government suppression of Buddhism and Nepal Bhasa in Nepal led Dharmaditya to continue his efforts from Kolkata, where he had originally gone to pursue his studies.

## Articles

As part of the efforts to spread the word of the Buddha according to Theravada, Dharmaditya published articles in Nepal Bhasa, Hindi, Bengali and English across various magazines, emphasizing the importance of Buddhism in Nepal. In 1925, he launched Buddha Dharma, which contained articles explaining the basic principles of Buddhism as described in ancient texts. He also wrote articles advocating for the celebration of the Buddha's birth anniversary in Lumbini, his birthplace in southern Nepal. In 1927, Buddha Dharma was renamed Buddha Dharma wa Nepal Bhasa (meaning "Buddhism and Nepal Language") and became a joint Buddhist and literary magazine. Publication ceased in 1930.
# James Harry Beatty

James Harry Beatty (March 11, 1890 – February 18, 1966) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1928 until his retirement at the 1933 election, from the electoral district of Victoria City, as a Conservative.
# Denmark–Sri Lanka relations

Denmark – Sri Lanka relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Sri Lanka. Denmark is represented in Sri Lanka through its embassy in New Delhi, India. Sri Lanka is represented in Denmark through its embassy Oslo, Norway. Bilateral relations are described as warm for a long time. About 13,000 immigrants from Sri Lanka live in Denmark. President of Sri Lanka Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga visited Denmark in March 1995.

## History

The beginning of the relations between the two countries goes back to the 17th century. In the year 1619, the Danish arrived in Trincomalee with a first ship called "Øresund" under the command of Roelant Cape. This small expedition was a vanguard of another Danish fleet, composed of 4 vessels and 300 soldiers, commanded by Ove Giedde, that reached the island of Ceylon in May 1620. They wanted to try their fortune in the Asian seas; the Danish expedition occupied Koneswaram temple. It was here that the Danes began the works for the fortification of the peninsula. The Danes were also the first Europeans to settle in the city of Trincomalee in Eastern Sri Lanka
Diplomatic relations between Denmark and Sri Lanka were established on 5 January 1953. In 1959, an agreement on air services was signed. On 16 February 1963, both countries signed an agreement on double taxation. Denmark provided a loan to Sri Lanka in 1968.

## Development assistance

In 2003, DANIDA assisted Sri Lanka with 156 million DKK for demining, human rights and conflict resolutions.
On 18 February 2009, during the Sri Lankan Civil War, Danish Minister for Development Cooperation Ulla Tørnæs assisted Sri Lanka with 34 million DKK for demining and for the civilians in northern Sri Lanka.

### Sri Lanka Monitoring Mission

Sri Lanka Monitoring Mission was established on 22 February 2002 under the terms of a ceasefire agreement signed by the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, as a body that would monitor the ceasefire and enquire into reported violations of the ceasefire agreement. Its members were drawn primarily from Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, and Iceland. Following the abrogating of the ceasefire agreement in January 2008, the SLMM announced on 3 January 2008 that it would finally terminate its remaining operational activities in Sri Lanka with effect from 16 January 2008.

## Trade

Trade between Denmark and Sri Lanka are described as "impressive". Sri Lankan export to Denmark are mainly rubber tyres, tobacco and clothes, while Danish export to Sri Lanka is fish, milk, hearing aids ( Oticon A/S) and medicaments. In 2008, Danish export to Sri Lanka amounted 145 million DKK and Sri Lankan export to Denmark amounted 157.9 million DKK.
# Ministry of the Interior and Housing

The Ministry of the Interior (Danish: Indenrigsministerium) is one of the oldest government ministries in Denmark, having been established in 1848, but has frequently been combined with other ministries. Since 2015 it has been part of the Ministry of Social Affairs and the Interior. Its primary task has been to ensure the state's oversight over the regions and communities; it also oversees elections.
The Ministry of the Interior was originally established in 1848 in Adam Wilhelm Moltke's second administration. In the 21st century, it was combined with the Ministry of Health to form the Ministry of Interior and Health from 2001 to 2007, after which its functions were transferred to the Ministry of Welfare (Velfærdsministerium), which in 2009 changed its name to the Ministry of Social Affairs and the Interior. In 2010 the combined Ministry of Interior and Health was reconstituted. In November 2011, the government of Helle Thorning-Schmidt then separated the Interior Ministry from the Health Ministry and instead combined it with the economic branch of the Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs to form the Ministry of the Economy and the Interior. In June 2015, Lars Løkke Rasmussen's second government again combined its functions with those of the Ministry of Social Affairs to re-establish the Ministry of Social Affairs and the Interior.
By royal resolution on 23 January 2021, the Ministry of the Interior and Housing was established, combining the interior branch from the Ministry of Social Affairs and the Interior with the housing branch from the Ministry of Transport and Housing.
# Standing Mute, etc. Act 1533

The Standing Mute, etc. Act 1533 (25 Hen. 8. c. 3) was an Act of the Parliament of England. It stated that anyone who refused to plead in a criminal trial would not be eligible for benefit of clergy.
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# Kerala J. Snyder

Kerala Johnson Snyder is an American musicologist and educator. She is Professor Emerita of Musicology and Affiliate Faculty of Organ, Sacred Music and Historical Keyboards at the Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester. She previously taught at Yale University.

## Early life and education

Snyder is a graduate of Wellesley College (BA) and Harvard Divinity School. She received her Ph.D. from Yale University. From 1969 to 1981 she taught at Yale University and from 1981 to 1987 at the Hartt School of Music of the University of Hartford. From 1987, she worked with the Eastman School of Music.
She is an expert of North German and Northern European baroque music especially in organ repertoire. She wrote the authoritative biography of the Danish-German organist and composer Dieterich Buxtehude.
# PKP Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa

PKP Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa sp. z o.o. is a company in the PKP Group which manages and operates in Poland the Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa (Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line), which runs for 394.65 km (245.22 mi) from the Polish-Ukrainian border in Izow-Hrubieszów to Sławków Południowy (near Katowice).
The company was established on 1 December 2000 as part of the break-up of the once-unitary Polish State Railways JSC, and began operations on 1 July 2001. As of 2019, the company transported about 10 million tonnes of freight annually. The company owns 77 diesel locomotives (mainline and shunters), 95 wagons, 50 broad gauge bogies, and 168 standard gauge bogies.
# Zarandeh, Binalud

Zarandeh (Persian: زرنده) is a village in Binalud Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 229, in 66 families.
# Surge Narrows Provincial Park

Surge Narrows Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the south tip of Maurelle Island and on adjacent islands in the Discovery Islands archipelago in that province's South Coast region.
# Chaqalvand Rud-e Sofla

Chaqalvand Rud-e Sofla (Persian: چغلوندرودسفلي, also Romanized as Chaqalvand Rūd-e Soflá and Chaghalvand Rūd-e Soflá; also known as Chaqalvand-e Pā’īn, Chaqalvand-e Soflá, and Chaqalvand Rūd) is a village in Qaedrahmat Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 169, in 34 families.
# Kahnuj Sadat

Kahnuj Sadat (Persian: كهنوج سادات, also Romanized as Kahnūj Sādāt; also known as Kahnūj) is a village in Sarduiyeh Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 421, in 89 families.
# Nelson Ribeiro

Nelson Ribeiro (14 January 1910 – 22 July 1973) was a Brazilian rower. He competed in the men's coxed four at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Ndakalu

Ndakalu is a settlement in Kenya's Bungoma County.
# Dinshaw Edulji Wacha

Sir Dinshaw Edulji Wacha (2 August 1844 – 18 February 1936) was a Parsi politician from Bombay (Mumbai). He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress. Wacha was also the president of the Congress in 1901.

## Biography

Wacha was associated with the cotton industry and was the President of the Indian Merchants' Chamber in 1915. He was knighted in 1917. Sir Dinshaw was a member of the Bombay Legislative Council, the Imperial Legislative Council and the Council of State. He headed the Western India Liberal Association from 1919 to 1927.
Wacha lamented the lack of dedicated leaders willing to devote themselves to Congress's political goals. He observed how many figures, among them Pherozeshah Mehta, who would have made capable leaders, eschewed total alliance with the Congress for fear of damage to their private careers. Despite this lack of support from Indian leaders, Wacha did acknowledge the vital role that the Scotsman, Allan Hume, played in maintaining Congress in between sessions, stating, "He is the man to give us steam." Still, Wacha expressed concern over Hume's growing influence over Congress and micromanagement of its affairs. "Because he is indispensable... [Hume] ought not to behave as a tyrant...He thinks in all matters he must have the upper hand." Wacha encouraged fellow Indians to take a more active and vocal role in Congress affairs, expressing, "We [Indians] ought to be energetic and patriotic enough to make an advance in our political progress without such aid. We cannot expect a perennial crop of Allan Humes to assist us."
In South Mumbai, a road has been named after him, called Dinshaw Wachha Road.

## Published works

* Recent Indian finance (1910)
* Premchand Roychand: His early life and career (Bombay, 1913)
* Dinshaw Edulji Wacha (1915). The Life and Life Work of J. N. Tata: With a Portrait. Madras.
* Sir Dinsha Edulji Wacha (1920). Speeches and Writings of Sir Dinshaw Edulji Wacha. G.A. Natesan & Co.
* Shells from the Sands of Bombay. Being My Recollections and Reminiscences-1860-1875. Bombay. 1920.
* Rise and Growth of Bombay Municipal Government. Madras. 1913.
* G. A. Natesan, Dinshaw Edulji Wacha (Madras, 1909)
# Oleksandr Mostovyi

Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Mostovyi (Ukrainian: Мостовий Олександр Володимирович; born 1978) is a Ukrainian military commander, a colonel. He is the commander of the 831st Tactical Aviation Brigade. He is a participant of the Russian-Ukrainian war and distinguished himself during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. He is a Hero of Ukraine (2022).

## Biography

He holds the qualification of "Class 1 Pilot."
He participated in the Anti-Terrorist Operation (ATO)/Joint Forces Operation (JFO). Since the beginning of the hybrid aggression by the Russian Federation, including the occupation of Crimea, Donetsk, and Luhansk regions in 2014, Colonel Mostovyi actively participated in aviation support for the actions of the Anti-Terrorist Operation.
Since 2020, he has been the commander of the 831st Tactical Aviation Brigade.
On the night of February 23 to 24, he led the aircraft and 100% of the brigade's equipment out of harm's way and relocated them to other operational airfields.
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, near Vasylkiv, he shot down a Russian Il-76 aircraft, as well as two Mi-24 helicopters, preventing the landing of armed forces.

## Awards

He was awarded the title of Hero of Ukraine with the Order of the Golden Star on February 28, 2022, for personal courage and heroism demonstrated in defense of Ukraine's state sovereignty and territorial integrity, as well as for his loyalty to the military oath.
He was also granted the honorary citizenship of Myrhorod in 2022.
# Peperomia pereskiifolia

Peperomia pereskiifolia is a species of plant in the genus Peperomia of the family Piperaceae. It is native to Venezuela.
# List of Grand Prix motorcycle racers: W
## List of Grand Prix motorcycle racers

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Julian Walker Six Time World Champion
* Danny Webb
* Anthony West
* Jock West
* David Whitworth
* Peter Williams
* Warren Willing
* Mark Willis
* Martin Wimmer
* Russel Wood
* Tommy Wood
* Derek Woodman