OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eurema proterpia

Eurema proterpia, the tailed orange, is a North and South American butterfly in the family Pieridae.

## Description

The upperside of the wings is orange with a variable amount of black along the forewing costa. The wing veins are lightly marked with black in summer individuals, and winter individuals have no black veins. Males reflect UV light on their upper sides, and some females can be white. The underside of the wings varies depending on the season. Summer individuals are yellow orange with the hindwing slightly pointed. Winter individuals are brown with darker brown markings with the hindwing being much more pointed. The wingspan measures 1+1⁄4 to 1+3⁄4 inches (32–44 mm).

## Similar species

The only similar species in the tailed orange's range is the sleepy orange (Eurema nicippe).
The sleepy orange has a black forewing cell spot on the upperside, the upperside of the hindwing has a black marginal border, and the hindwing is not pointed.

## Habitat

The tailed orange lives in a variety of open habitats such as open woodlands, deserts and subtropical habitats.

## Flight

This species may be found from mid-July to early January in Arizona, from August to November in Texas, and all year round in Mexico.

## Life cycle

Males patrol all day in search of females. The larva is bright yellow green with a yellow lateral stripe.

## Host plants

Host plants of the tailed orange include:
* Cassia texana
* Chamaecrista species
* Desmodium species
* Prosopis reptans
* Senna chamaecrista
# Jake Josvanger

Jake H. Josvanger (December 22, 1908 – June 30, 1966) was a former provincial and municipal level politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1955 to 1959 sitting with the Liberal caucus in opposition. He was also a municipal councilor for the Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87.

## Political career

Josvanger ran for a seat to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta in the provincial election as a candidate for the Liberals. He won the Bonnyville electoral district defeating two other candidates with just over 50% of the popular vote.
He was elected later that year as a municipal councilor for the Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87 in the first election held after its creation in 1955. Josvanger would serve both political posts.
Josvanger ran for a second term in provincial office in the 1959 Alberta general election. He was defeated by Social Credit candidate Karl Nordstrom, finishing second in the three way race.
# Yann Fricheteau

Yann Fricheteau (born 14 June 1979) is a French former luger. He competed in the men's singles event at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Kumarkhali Upazila

Kumarkhali (Bengali: কুমারখালি) is an upazila of Kushtia District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh. It is famous for the Shelaidaha area, where the poet Rabindranath Tagore spent a considerable time of his youth.

## Geography

Kumarkhali is located at 23°51′15″N 89°14′30″E﻿ / ﻿23.8542°N 89.2417°E﻿ / 23.8542; 89.2417. It has 79,008 households and total area 258.18 km$^2$.
It is bounded by Pabna Sadar Upazila and the Padma River on the north; Shailkupa Upazila on the south; Khoksa Upazila on the east; and Kushtia Sadar Upazila on the west.

## Demographics

Religions in Kumarkhali Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 97.22% | 97.22% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 2.78% | 2.78% |
As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Kumarkhali upazila had 79,008 households and a population of 328,457. 70,884 (21.58%) inhabitants were under 10 years of age. Kumarkhali had an average literacy rate of 45.3%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1009 females per 1000 males. 21,914 (6.67%) of the population lived in urban areas.
At the 1991 Bangladesh census Kumarkhali had a population of 269,008, of whom 133,845 were aged 18 or older. Males constituted 51.77% of the population, and females made up 48.23%. Kumarkhali had an average literacy rate of 24.9% (7+ years), against the national average of 32.4%.

## Administration

Kumarkhali Thana was formed in 1855 consisting of 13 parganas and it was upgraded into a Sub Division of Pabna District in 1857. In 1871 Kumarkhali Sub Division was abolished and it was included in Kushtia Sub Division under Nadia District. Kumarkhali Thana was turned into an upazila in 1983. Besides, Kumarkhali Municipality, formed in 1869, is one of the earliest municipalities of the undivided Bengal.
The upazila is divided into Kumarkhali Municipality and 11 union parishads: Bagulat, Chandpur, Chapra, Jadu Boyra, Jagannathpur, Kaya, Nandalalpur, Panti, Sadaki, Sadipur, and Shelaidaha. The union parishads are subdivided into 187 mauzas and 201 villages.
Kumarkhali Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 17 mahallas.

## Notable residents

* Akbar Hossain, novelist, was born in Kaya village.
# Mirpur Upazila

Mirpur (Bengali: মিরপুর (কুষ্টিয়া) is an upazila of Kushtia District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh. Mirpur Thana was formed in 1885 and it was turned into an upazila in 1983.

## History

Mirpur was listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a mahal in sarkar Mahmudabad.$^{:133}$ It was listed with an assessed revenue of 2,370 dams.$^{:133}$
The former Mirpur Thana, which was formed in 1885 became an upazila on 1 August 1983.

## Geography

Mirpur is located at 23°56′00″N 89°00′00″E﻿ / ﻿23.9333°N 89.0000°E﻿ / 23.9333; 89.0000. It has a total area of 305.06 km$^2$.
The upazila is bounded by Bheramara and Ishwardi upazilas on the north, Alamdanga and Kushtia Sadar upazilas on the south, Kushtia Sadar upazila on the east, Daulatpur, Gangni and Alamdanga upazilas on the west.

## Demographics

Religions in Mirpur Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 97.89% | 97.89% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 2.11% | 2.11% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.00% | 0.00% |
As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Mirpur upazila had 82,783 households and a population of 330,115. 64,533 (19.55%) were under 10 years of age. Mirpur had a literacy rate of 41.86%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 994 females per 1000 males. 32,802 (9.94%) of the population lived in urban areas.
At the 1991 Bangladesh census, Mirpur had a population of 266,046. Males constitute 51.76% of the population, and females 48.24%. The population aged 18 or over was 136,611. Mirpur had an average literacy rate of 21.3% (7+ years), compared to the national average of 32.4%.

## Administration

Mirpur Upazila is divided into Mirpur Municipality and 13 union parishads: Ambaria, Amla, Bahalbaria, Baruipara, Chhatian, Chithalia, Dhubail, Fulbaria, Kursha, Malihad, Poradaha, Sadarpur, and Talbaria. The union parishads are subdivided into 116 mauzas and 192 villages.
Mirpur Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 9 mahallas.

## Education

According to Banglapedia, Amla Sadarpur Secondary School, founded in 1899, Mirpur Government Pilot Girls' High School (1983), Mirpur Pilot High School (1913), and Poradaha High School (1927) are notable secondary schools.
# Bakovnik

Bakovnik (pronounced, German: Bakounik) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Kamnik in central Slovenia. It is now part of the town of Kamnik. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Bakovnik lies south of Kamnik, between Duplica and Perovo, above the right bank of the Kamnik Bistrica River.

## History

Bakovnik was annexed by Kamnik in 1934, ending its existence as an independent settlement. Bakovnik quickly urbanized after its annexation and lost its original agricultural character.
# Piirsalu

Piirsalu (German: Piersal) is a village in Lääne-Nigula Parish, Lääne County, in western Estonia.
Estonian actor Arno Suurorg (1903–1960) was born in Piirsalu.
# Makati–Mandaluyong Bridge

The Makati–Mandaluyong Bridge is a four-lane road bridge crossing the Pasig River between Makati and Mandaluyong in Metro Manila, Philippines. It connects P. Burgos Extension, a continuation of Makati Avenue in Poblacion, Makati, at the south bank of the river, to Coronado Street in Hulo, Mandaluyong, at its north bank. The bridge was opened in 1986.
The Hulo jeepney terminal, serving intra-city jeepney and tricycle routes in Mandaluyong, was established in 2015 and can be found under and adjacent to the bridge. Until the opening of the Estrella–Pantaleon Bridge in 2011, the Makati–Mandaluyong Bridge was the only bridge connecting the two cities other than the Guadalupe Bridge that carries EDSA.

## Gallery

* The bridge as seen from the north bank
* Pedestrian access for the bridge from Mandaluyong
* The bridge approaching Makati
* The bridge approaching Mandaluyong
* Bridge pier
* Road bridge
# Harinakunda Upazila

Harinakundu (Bengali: হরিণাকুন্ড) is an upazila of Jhenaidah District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Harinakunda is located at 23°39′24″N 89°02′33″E﻿ / ﻿23.6568°N 89.0424°E﻿ / 23.6568; 89.0424. It has 48,209 households and total area 227.54 km$^2$.

## Demographics

Religions in Harinakunda Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 96.04% | 96.04% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 3.94% | 3.94% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.02% | 0.02% |
As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Harinakunda upazila had 48,209 households and a population of 197,723. 39,771 (20.11%) were under 10 years of age. Harinakunda had an average literacy rate of 42.31%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 991 females per 1000 males. 28,274 (14.30%) of the population lived in urban areas.
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Harinakunda has a population of 162,078. Males constitute 51.57% of the population, and females 48.43%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 79,363. Harinakunda has an average literacy rate of 20.8% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate.

## Administration

Harinakunda Upazila is divided into 1 municipality (Harinakunda) and eight union parishads namely: Bhayna, Chandpur, Daulatpur, Falsi, Joradah, Kapashatia, Raghunathpur, and Taherhuda. The union parishads are subdivided into 77 mauzas and 122 villages.
Harinakunda Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 17 mahallas.

## Notable people

* Abul Hasan Jashori, Islamic scholar and freedom fighter
# Kolm Castle

Kolm castle (Persian: قلعه کلم) is a historical castle located in Badreh County in Ilam Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Medes.
# Farsi District

Farsi (Persian: ولایت فارسی) is a district the west of Herat Province, Afghanistan. It borders on Obe District to the north, Adraskan District to the west, Shindand District to the south and Ghor Province to the south and east. The population was estimated at 29,800 in 2012. The district center is the village of Farsi.

## Infrastructure

The district contains 130 km (81 mi) of unpaved roads with an access rate of 19.6% in all seasons.
# Sharsha Upazila

Sharsha (Bengali: শার্শা) is an upazila of Jessore District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Sharsha is located at 23°04′28″N 88°52′00″E﻿ / ﻿23.0744°N 88.8667°E﻿ / 23.0744; 88.8667. It has 82,835 households and an area of 336.28 km$^2$.
Sharsha Upazila is bounded by Bagdah CD Block in North 24 Parganas district in West Bengal, India and Chaugachha, upazila on the north, Jhikargachha upazila on the east, Kalaroa upazila of Satkhira district on the south and Bangaon and Gaighata CD Blocks in North 24 Parganas district in West Bengal, India, on the west.

## Demographics

Religions in Sharsha Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 97.63% | 97.63% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 2.27% | 2.27% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.10% | 0.10% |
As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Sharsha upazila had 82,835 households and a population of 341,565. 67,310 (19.71%) were under 10 years of age. Sharsha had an average literacy rate of 49.76%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1007 females per 1000 males. 41,608 (12.19%) of the population lived in urban areas.
According to the 1991 Bangladesh census, Sharsha had a population of 258,789. Males comprised 51.4% of the population, and females 48.6%. The population aged 18 or over was 126,532. Sharsha had an average literacy rate of 25.5% (7+ years), compared to the national average of 32.4%.

## Administration

Sharsha Upazila is divided into one Municipality and 11 union parishads.
Municipality:
* Benapole Municipality
Union Parishads:
* Sharsha
* Bagachra
* Bahadurpur
* Benapole
* Dihi
* Goga
* Kayba
* Lakshmanpur
* Nizampur
* Putkhali
* Ulashi
The union parishads are subdivided into 135 mauzas and 168 villages.
Benapole Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 12 mahallas.
# Shalikha Upazila

Shalikha (Bengali: শালিখা) is an upazila of Magura District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Shalikha is located at 23°18′20″N 89°22′45″E﻿ / ﻿23.3056°N 89.3792°E﻿ / 23.3056; 89.3792. It has 36,905 households and total area 228.65 km$^2$.

## Demographics

Religions in Shalikha Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 76.00% | 76.00% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 23.99% | 23.99% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.01% | 0.01% |
As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Shalikha upazila had 36,905 households and a population of 163,658. 34,571 (21.12%) were under 10 years of age. Shalikha had an average literacy rate of 49.0%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1007 females per 1000 males. 7,155 (4.37%) of the population lived in urban areas. Ethnic population was 4,518 (2.76%).
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Shalikha has a population of 132291. Males constitute 51.05% of the population, and females 48.95%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 66748. Shalikha has an average literacy rate of 25% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate.

## Administration

Shalikha Upazila is divided into seven union parishads: Arpara, Bunagati, Dhaneswargati, Gongarampur, Shalikha, Shatakhali, and Talkhari. The union parishads are subdivided into 100 mauzas and 118 villages.
# RealThings

IBM RealThings is a software interface design methodology proposed by IBM in 1998. Instead of using traditional computer-based elements, RealThings proposes that images of physical real-life objects are used instead. This was aimed to be more "natural and intuitive, allowing users to focus more on their tasks and less on computer artefacts".
As a demonstration IBM created RealPhone, RealCD and RealBook.
There were some indications that the examples chosen did not faithfully represent things in real life.
# British Dispensary

British Dispensary Group is a Thai pharmaceutical and cosmetics group of companies, best known for its Snake Brand line of products. It was established as the British Dispensary in 1892 by Western doctors Peter Gowan and Thomas Heyward Hays, and was later acquired by Luan Vongvanij in 1928. The business has since grown under the ownership of the Vongvanij family, and the group now consists of the following companies: The British Dispensary Co., Ltd.; The British Dispensary (L.P.) Co., Ltd.; British Dispensary Consumer Public Co., Ltd.; British Dispensary Health Care Co., Ltd. and The British Dispensary (L.P.) Sai 5 Co., Ltd.

## History

The British Dispensary was founded in 1892 by Scottish doctor Peter Gowan and American doctor Thomas Heyward Hays, both of whom had been in the service of the government of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). The business was one among several modern pharmacies that emerged in the country toward the end of the nineteenth century, and was a well known establishment on the corner of Charoen Krung Road and Surawong, in what was Bangkok's European district. After a few years Gowan passed the business onto Hays, and a second branch was opened in 1897 at Si Kak Phraya Si in what was then the inner city. Hays operated the business until 1906, when he transferred his interests to J. J. McBeth, who had joined the firm in 1898. In 1928, McBeth retired to his home country, and sold the business to Luan Vongvanij, a Chinese immigrant who had previously been an apprentice at the store. Since then, the business has been largely owned by the family, with Luan handing control to his sons Boonchit and Boonyong in 1963, and Boonyong to his son Anurut in 1993.

## Products

The group produces personal care products as well as medications and supplements. It is best known for its Snake Brand Prickly Heat cooling powder, so-named after the company's trademark, which had long been known by Thais as tra ngu (ตรางู 'snake brand'). It also produces other personal care products under the Snake Brand, as well as St Luke's baby powder and Quina skin tonic. Its annual revenue was about 1.2 billion baht in 2009.
# Harta, Hungary

Harta (German: Hartau; Croatian: Hartava or Karta) is a village in Bács-Kiskun county, Hungary.

## Demography

* Magyars
* Germans
# CSKA (Moscow Metro)

CSKA (Russian: ЦСКА) is a station on the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. It opened on 26 February 2018 as one of five initial stations on the new line.
Passengers can make out-of-station transfers to Zorge on the Moscow Central Circle Line. The Metro plans to build a walkway between the stations which would make the connection time about 20 minutes.

## Name

The original name of the station was slated to be Khodynskoe Pole, after the open area where the station is located; however, fans of CSKA Moscow requested that the station be renamed “CSKA” after the sports clubs whose facilities are nearby. In April 2016, the Mayor of Moscow, Sergey Sobyanin issued a decree to rename the station. To further recognize CSKA, the station lobby includes sculptures of well-known CSKA athletes across the club's three major sports: Vsevolod Bobrov, Denis Denisov, and Victor Khryapa.
# Saadi Youssef

Saadi Youssef (Arabic: سعدي يوسف) (1934 – 13 June 2021) was an Iraqi author, poet, journalist, publisher, and political activist. He published thirty volumes of poetry in addition to seven books of prose.

## Life

Saadi Youssef studied Arabic literature in Baghdad. He was influenced by the free verse of Shathel Taqa and Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayyati and was also involved in politics from an early age. At that time, his work was heavily influenced by his socialist and pan-Arab sympathies but has since also taken a more introspective, lyrical turn. He has also translated many well-known writers into Arabic, including Oktay Rifat, Melih Cevdet Anday, Garcia Lorca, Yiannis Ritsos, Walt Whitman and Constantine Cavafy. Following his exile from Iraq, Youssef has lived in many countries, including Algeria, Lebanon, France, Greece, Cyprus, and resided in London until his death.
In 2004, the Al Owais Prize for poetry was given to Youssef. In 2007, Youssef participated in the PEN World Voices festival where he was interviewed by the Wild River Review. In 2014, Youssef's poems were forbidden from being included in the Kurdish school curriculum by the Kurdistan Regional Government over a certain poem in which he referred to Kurdistan as "Qardistan," which loosely translates to "Monkey-istan."
He is buried on the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery.

## English bibliography

Published volumes
* Without an Alphabet, Without a Face: Selected Poems, translated by Khaled Mattawa (Graywolf, 2002). ISBN 1-55597-371-X.
* Nostalgia, My Enemy, translated by Sinan Antoon and Peter Money (Graywolf, 2012). ISBN 978-1-55597-629-3.
In anthology
* Literature from the "Axis of Evil": Writing from Iran, Iraq, North Korea and Other Enemy Nations, edited by Words without Borders (The New Press, 2006). ISBN 978-1-59558-205-8.
* Tablet and Pen, edited by Reza Aslan (Norton, 2010). ISBN 978-0-39306-585-5.
* Ghost Fishing: An Eco-Justice Poetry Anthology, edited by Melissa Tuckey (University of Georgia Press, 2018). ISBN 978-0820353159.
# Vereya, Naro-Fominsky District, Moscow Oblast

Vereya (Russian: Вере́я) is a town in Naro-Fominsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Protva River 113 kilometers (70 mi) southwest of Moscow. Population: 5,368 (2010 Census); 4,957 (2002 Census); 5,606 (1989 Soviet census); 6,500 (1969).

## History

It was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1371. During the following century, Vereya was the seat of the tiny Vereya Principality, ruled by a lateral branch of the Muscovite Rurikids. The last prince of Vereya was married to Sophia Palaiologina's Greek niece. He escaped to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and married his daughter Sophia to Stanislovas Goštautas.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with nineteen rural localities, incorporated within Naro-Fominsky District as the Town of Vereya. As a municipal division, the Town of Vereya is incorporated within Naro-Fominsky Municipal District as Vereya Urban Settlement.

## Architecture

The Nativity Cathedral in the local kremlin was commissioned by Vladimir of Staritsa to commemorate the conquest of Kazan in 1552. It was extensively rebuilt at the turn of the 18th century; a lofty Neoclassical belltower was erected in 1802. The oldest parish church goes back to 1667–1679.

## Sports

The town has a rugby league team, the Vereya Bears, who play in the Russian Championship.
# Murkhani

Murkhani (Persian: مورخاني, also Romanized as Mūrkhānī) is a village in Bahmayi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Dishmok District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 297, in 50 families.
# Il Hesar

Il Hesar (Persian: ايل حصار, also Romanized as Īl Ḩeşār) is a village in Bizaki Rural District, Golbajar District, Chenaran County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 33, in 10 families.
# Claudio Liverziani

Claudio Liverziani (born 4 March 1975) is an Italian former professional baseball player who competed in Minor League Baseball and for the Italian national team.
Liverziani made his professional debut in Italy at 16 years old before signing with the Seattle Mariners. In 1997 and 1998, Liverziani played for the Wisconsin Timber Rattlers in the Midwest League. He was released by the Mariners organization on or about April 1, 1999. He returned to Italy in 1999 and played in the Italian Baseball League until 2016, primarily for Bologna. In 2009, he recorded his 1,000th hit in the Italian league against Abe Alvarez. He was the seventh player to reach that mark. In December 2009, the Italian National Olympic Committee announced that Liverziani would be banned for two years due to a drug offense.
Liverziani represented Italy in the Summer Olympics in 1996, 2000 and 2004. In 2001, he played for Italy in the Baseball World Cup. He also competed in the 2006 World Baseball Classic.
# Bence Stipsicz

Bence Stipsicz (born 3 February 1997) is a Hungarian professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for Fehérvár AV19 of the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL).
# Pearse Óg Park

Pearse Óg Park (Irish: Páirc na Piarsagh Óga) is a Gaelic Athletic Association stadium in Armagh, Northern Ireland.

## Development of the Park

In 2007 Pearse Óg GAC, a Gaelic football club in Armagh City, secured a 30-year lease on a site at Ballycrummy, on the western outskirts of the city. It has developed this area with a playing field the same size as Croke Park, training facilities, floodlighting and changing rooms. The club has plans to build an indoor sports hall costing £500k.
The founding members of Pearse Og, Charlie McQuade, Felix McStravick, Sam Johnson, Gene McStravick, Eugene McKenna, Gerry Cush and the legendary Ulster footballer Big Jim McCullagh, had chosen the club's home ground to be at the Athletic Grounds at Drumarg in the west of the city. However the Athletic Grounds were eventually taken on by the County Board and the Pearse Óg Club moved to its new home.