OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gardner Green Stevens

Gardner Green Stevens (December 13, 1814 – April 15, 1892) was a bank manager and Quebec political figure. He represented the Bedford division in the Senate of Canada from 1876 to 1892 as a member of the Liberal party.
He was born in Brompton, Lower Canada in 1814, the eldest son of Gardner Stevens and Deborah Harrington and brother of John H. Stevens. In 1835, at the age of 21, he became the manager of a farm, mill and store in Waterville for Charles Brooks. He married Relief Jane Spafford in 1847 and they resided in Waterville until 1854 when he moved his family to Frost Village, in Shefford County after being appointed agent for the British American Land Company. A couple of years later, he settled in Roxton Falls where he served as Councillor and Mayor.
In 1859, he became a branch manager for the Eastern Townships Bank which had recently opened a branch in Waterloo. Shortly after this, he was elected to the Shefford Township Council - a seat he held until Waterloo was incorporated as a village at which point he was elected to its first council. He was elected Mayor of Waterloo in 1870. Around this time, he was named a Director of the Eastern Townships Bank, and later became its vice-president. He was also a Director and Treasurer for the Stanstead, Shefford and Chambly Railroad.
Early in 1876, he was appointed to the Senate by Alexander Mackenzie, replacing Asa Belknap Foster. He died in office in 1892 and was buried in Waterloo.
# Jim McDowell (ceramic artist)

Jim McDowell, born 25 September 1945, is a ceramic artist based in Weaverville, North Carolina, who makes face jugs and utilitarian pottery.

## Biography

Born in Norfolk, Virginia, McDowell grew up in Washington, DC. His father James T. McDowell, who was called "Ol'Pa" by the family, was in the Navy and was an amateur painter.
McDowell's four-times Great Aunt Evangeline was an enslaved potter in Jamaica who made face jugs. As a young man, Jim McDowell overheard his father and his grandfather, Boyce McDowell, talking about her at a family funeral. They explained that slaves were not given gravestones, so a face jug was sometimes made to serve as a grave marker.
McDowell worked in a coal mine in Pennsylvania before joining the United States Army. Afterwards, he returned to Pennsylvania and resumed work in the mines. Using an entire paycheck, he purchased a pottery wheel and a thousand pounds of clay.

## Education

McDowell studied art at Mount Aloysius College and took sculpture classes at Virginia Commonwealth University. As a potter, he is mostly self taught. While he was in the Army stationed at Ansbach, Germany in the 1960s, he had a part time job at the base craft shop that had a kick-wheel pottery wheel. With no one at the base to instruct him, McDowell found a group of German potters in Nuremberg. Although he spoke little German, he explained that he wanted to learn to throw on the wheel. They initially told him no. He persisted and was handed a broom. After sweeping the floor every Saturday for a few weekends, one of the German potters taught him some basic skills on the wheel. He later enrolled in a workshop with potter David Robinson in Weare, New Hampshire. He also studied and worked with ceramicists Jack Troy, Kevin Crowe, David Hovland, David Shaner, and Charles Counts.

## Art

   "When I first made... [a face jug], I gave it Black features, sometimes exaggerated, thick lips and a broad nose with flaring nostrils. I’ve kept that style. I make teeth out of broken china to give them a scary or fierce look. I sometimes put stained glass on the face so when it's fired the glass runs down like tears."
McDowell's face jugs pay homage to David Drake, an enslaved potter that lived in Edgefield, South Carolina. One of the ways he honors the legacy of Drake is to write on his vessels. He sometimes calls himself "the Black potter." McDowell describes his work as a way to recuperate the labor and efforts of African people and Black Americans.
   "I make my face jugs to honor my people who came to this country in bondage through the Middle Passage and not only survived but thrived. I sometimes make a jug to honor a person of color who has achieved greatness or endured tremendous discrimination, or worse. I pay homage to Civil Rights activists and Freedom Fighters whose job, it seems, will never be over. I pay homage to those of my race who taught and wrote and built and preached and orated and invented and created."
# Take My Bones Away

"Take My Bones Away" is a song by American heavy metal band Baroness and the first single from the band's third studio album, Yellow & Green. The track was released digitally and on a 7-inch flexi disc included with the 63rd and 64th issues of the Austrian alternative music magazine Slam.
The single was the first from Baroness to appear on music charts, spending nine weeks on the Billboard Active Rock chart and four weeks on the Mainstream Rock chart. A music video was shot for the song over the course of one month during a spring tour with Meshuggah.
A live version of the song, performed in Maida Vale Studios for BBC Radio 1's Rock Show with Daniel P. Carter, was included on an extended play titled Live at Maida Vale.

## Reception

Jon Hadusek of Consequence called the track "a souring anthem that’s as poppy as it is metallic," saying, "Baroness crams a lot into the song’s five-minute runtime and somehow pulls it off." In his Yellow & Green review for Loudwire, Chuck Armstrong said "the band explodes into the first single, 'Take My Bones Away.' While this song is not necessarily representative of the sound of the entire record, it is probably one of the most accessible for long-time Baroness fans with its familiar sludgy sound." In a review for Last Rites, Dan Obstkrieg wrote, "[the song] is reasonably on par with the Baroness of yestertimes, [sic] though the guitars punch in ‘rock’ mode only, and the vocals remain a hair smoother than a bellow...the entire thing is so clearly constructed around that admittedly huge chorus vocal hook that, once it’s been digested, there’s little else to grab on to."
"Take My Bones Away" was named the "best metal song of the year" by iTunes.

## Charts

| Chart (2012) | Peak position |
| US Active Rock (Billboard) | 35 |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 38 |
# Qom Qeshlaq

Qom Qeshlaq (Persian: قم قشلاق, also Romanized as Qom Qeshlāq) is a village in Chaybasar-e Shomali Rural District, Bazargan District, Maku County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 509, in 81 families.
# Saint-André-les-Vergers

Saint-André-les-Vergers (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
# Sasha-Mae Eccleston

Sasha-Mae Eccleston is a classicist and the John Rowe Workman Assistant Professor of Classics at Brown University. She is an expert on reception studies and the works of Apuleius. She is the co-founder of Eos, an academic network which focuses on Africana receptions of Ancient Greece and Rome.

## Biography

Eccleston was born in Kingston, Jamaica. Her family moved to New Jersey when she was four years old. She was awarded a scholarship to Lawrenceville School and went on to study Classics and Literary Arts at Brown University. She studied for an MPhil in Greek and Latin Languages and Literatures at Oxford University, for which she was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship. In 2014 she was awarded a PhD by University of California, Berkeley, with a thesis entitled: Apuleius' Novel Narrative: Speech, Ethics, and Humanity in the Metamorphoses. Her research foci include reception studies, moral philosophy, and the Apuleian corpus.
In 2017 she was appointed the John Rowe Workman Assistant Professor of Classics at Brown University. She was previously Assistant Professor Classics at Pomona College. From 2017 to 2020 she was co-president of Eos, a scholarly organisation she also co-founded, that concentrates on Africana receptions of Ancient Greece and Rome. With Dan-el Padilla Peralta she co-founded Racing the Classics, an international conference series which concentrates in the development of critical race theory in Classics.

## Awards

* Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Rome Prize (American Academy in Rome - National Endowment for the Humanities) - 2021-22

## Selected works

* 'Racing The Classics: Ethos and Praxis. American Journal of Philology 143.2 (2022): 199–218.
* 'Medals and Metals: Speculating Freedom in Suzan-Lori Parks's Father Comes Home from the Wars', Modern Drama 64:1 (2021), 24-46
* 'Cyrus Console's The Odicy and epic ecology.' Classical Receptions Journal 11.1 (2019): 23–43.
* 'Fantasies of Mimnermos in Anne Carson's “The Brainsex Paintings”(Plainwater).' Classical Traditions in Modern Fantasy (2016): 271.
# María Corbera

María Corbera Muñoz (born 20 November 1991) is a Spanish sprint canoeist.
She competed at the 2021 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, winning a gold medal in the C-2 200 m distance. On 19 August 2022, she won the race of 1500 m C1 in Munich of the European Championships.
# Jensenism

Jensenism is a term coined by New York Times writer Lee Edson. Named after educational psychologist Arthur Jensen, it was originally defined as "the theory that IQ is largely determined by the genes". The term was coined after Jensen published the article "How Much Can We Boost IQ and Scholastic Achievement?" in the Harvard Educational Review in 1969. It has since been included in several dictionaries.

## Background

The gap of the IQ between white and black students was a subject of debate in the United States, particularly around the 1970s. One view, which is referred to among behavioral geneticists as the genetic position, holds that IQ is determined by hereditary factors - about 80 percent of the variability of intelligence while 20 percent is attributed to environmental factors. The gap, therefore, was associated with race. Jensenism was as one of the most notable theories to have emerged from this sector. It was based on Arthur Jensen's 1969 article that talked about the failure of compensatory education. He cited several evidence that demonstrated how IQ is inherited. For instance, he said that if one looks at studies of adopted children, "you find that their intelligence relates more closely to their natural parents." He also proposed that the measured 15-point difference between American blacks and whites could never be eliminated by education.

## Reception

Many reactions to Jensen's article and the arguments it contained quickly ensued, some highly favorable and others relentlessly negative, with some directly equating it with racism. Among the latter was a paper by behavioral geneticist Jerry Hirsch, who claimed that Jensenism was an "intellectual disgrace", while also criticizing some of Jensen's earlier critics as resorting to "inarticulate and self-defeating hooliganism". In a 1970 article responding to Jensen, biologist Richard Lewontin argued that Jensenism was a more recent manifestation of 17th-century Jansenism, referring to the former as a "doctrine" that is "as erroneous in the twentieth century as it was in the seventeenth." Evolutionary biologist Stephen Jay Gould also criticized Jensenism, arguing that it rested "on a rotten edifice." Jensen's ideas reportedly received a more favorable reception in the Nixon administration; Lewontin quoted then-United States ambassador to India Daniel Patrick Moynihan in 1974 as saying, "The winds of Jensenism are blowing through Washington with gale force."
More recently, several favorable articles defending Jensen and his ideas have criticized the frequent negative use of the term "Jensenism". These include the journal Intelligence, which devoted an entire issue honoring Jensen and his work. Linda Gottfredson also claimed:
   Arthur Jensen is a masterful scientist whose work broke a social taboo. Jensenism refers to the aspect of his work that violated the [social] taboo, specifically his conclusion that individual differences in intelligence are highly heritable and group differences may be too.
Despite such defenses, however, the current scientific consensus is that genetics do not explain IQ differences between racial groups.
# Jacklord Jacobs

Jacklord Bolaji Jacobs (born 1 January 1970 in Benin) is a Nigerian former professional boxer who competed from 1994 to 2003. As an amateur he represented Nigeria at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. A year later he won the silver medal at the 1993 World Amateur Boxing Championships in Tampere, Finland, where he was beaten in the final of the light heavyweight (– 81 kg) division by Cuba's Ramón Garbey.

## Amateur Accomplishments

* Gold Medalist at the 1987 State Championship in Benin City, Nigeria as a Light-heavyweight.
* Gold Medalist at the 1989 Nigeria National Championship in Lagos State, Nigeria as a Light-heavyweight.
* Gold Medalist at the 1990 President Ibrahim Babangida Championship in Lagos State, Nigeria as a Light-heavyweight.
* Silver Medalist at the 1990 Boxgala in Germany as a Light-heavyweight.
* Gold Medalist at the 1991 All-Africa Games in Cairo as a Light-heavyweight, defeating Paulo Maaselbe of Tanzania in the final.
* Gold Medalist at the 1991 TLC Berlin in Germany as a Light-heavyweight.
* Represented Nigeria at the 1991 World Championship in Sydney, Australia as a Light-heavyweight.
* Represented Nigeria at the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games in Barcelona, Spain as a Light-heavyweight.
** His results were:
** 1st round bye
** Lost to Rostislav Zaulichniy (Unified Team) 8-16
* Silver Medalist at the 1993 World Amateur Boxing Championship in Tampere, Finland as a Light-heavyweight.
* Gold Medalist at the 1993 Amateur President Babangida Cup in Lagos State, Nigeria as a Light-heavyweight where he captained the national team.
* Total amateur fights - 110
** Won 105
** Lost 5

## Pro career

In 1994 he made his debut as a professional.
# Abdulkadir Dan Bawa

Abdulkadir Dan Bawa was the 8th Fulani Emir of Ilorin. He succeeded his father, Shuaib Bawa as Emir in 1919. Bawa was appointed Emir on the recommendation of acting Provincial Resident in Ilorin, Kenneth Elphinstone. He reigned from 1920 to 1959, and witnessed most of the colonial constitutional reforms initiated after the founding of Nigeria in 1914.

## Life

Bawa's recommendation for Emirship was announced soon after the death of his father in November 1919, he was formally installed by Hugh Clifford in February 1920. His reign started during the period of Indirect rule and as such he was head of Ilorin Native Authority. His reign coincided with the construction of motorable roads in Ilorin township, including roads connecting Ilorin emirate to Lafiaji, Jebba and River Niger.
In 1935, the Ilorin traditional council had a crisis initiated by the protest of Mogaji Aare, the Baloguns and the Baba Isale, who were all reputable chiefs in the town. The traditional council members were protesting the usurpation of their jurisdiction by some palace officials and Native Administration staff. The chiefs boycotted the palace for a few months until the conflict was settled by the colonial resident. In 1956, another group under the name Ilorin Talaka Parapo became prominent in the Native Authority administration. Originally a formally apolitical and trade oriented organization led by some traders such as Sule Maito, a cattle dealer, and Busari Isale Oja, a merchant. The group became agitated due to perceived excess of the Native Authority, such as the imposition of a water rate in Ilorin township. After being rebuffed by the national leadership of the Northern region dominated NPC, the organization teamed up with the Western region based Action Group and later won key elections to the Native Authority government in 1956. The group went on to effect some changes in the structure of the authority, dismissing loyalists of the traditional emirate council. However, a decision to contemplate merger with the Western region led an exodus of the non-Yoruba members within the group and the group's power declined.
# Poiana Stampei

Poiana Stampei (German: Pojana Stampi) is a commune located in Suceava County, in the historical region of Bukovina, northeastern Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Căsoi, Dornișoara, Pilugani, Poiana Stampei, Prăleni, Tătaru, and Teșna.
The commune is situated in the Bukovinian Subcarpathians, at an altitude of 911 m (2,989 ft), on the banks of the river Dorna and its left tributary, the Dornișoara. It is located at the southeastern extremity of Suceava County, on the old border between Moldavia and Transylvania, on the southern ridges of the historical region of Bukovina. The city of Vatra Dornei is 20 km (12 mi) to the east, while the county seat, Suceava, is 128 km (80 mi) to the northeast.
Poiana Stampei is crossed east to west by national road DN17 [ro] (part of European route E58), which starts in Suceava, crosses the Carpathian Mountains at the nearby Tihuța Pass into Harghita County, and ends in Dej, Cluj County. In addition, the commune is part of the Via Transilvanica long-distance trail.
Poiana Stampei was first mentioned in documents in 1593, during the reign of Moldavian Prince Aaron the Tyrant. In the past, the commune was inhabited by a small German minority, more specifically by Bukovina Germans. At the 1930 Romanian census, the Bukovina German minority of Poiana Stampei accounted for 4.15% of the total population of the commune.
# Glasebach Pit

The Glasebach Pit (German: Grube Glasebach) is a mining museum and former pit in the Harz fluorspar mining area near Straßberg in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is run by the East Harz Mining Society (Montanverein Ostharz e. V.). The pit was founded under the name of Vertrau auf Gott ("Trust in God").
The mining industry in the area around Straßberg goes back to the time around the year 1400. At Heidelberg north of Straßberg, fluorite and silver were won and processed at a smeltery on the site on behalf of the counts of Stolberg. There was also flourishing mining activity on the Glasebach stream, which formed the boundary between the County of Stolberg and the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg. After being abandoned for a while, mining restarted in the 18th century and continued, with interruptions, until the 1960s.
Various mining artefacts are displayed in the museum, including the old wooden drainage outlet (Grundablass) of the Lower Kilian Dam (one of the oldest dams in Germany), salvaged in 1990 during renovations, after it had undergone long-term conservation work by the Harzwasserwerken in Clausthal-Zellerfeld.
The show mine is checkpoint 175 in the Harzer Wandernadel hiking system.
# Sulawesi ground dove

The Sulawesi ground dove (Gallicolumba tristigmata), also known as the yellow-breasted ground dove, is a medium-sized (approximately 35 cm), ground-dwelling dove. It is mostly olive-brown with a golden forehead, iridescent bluish-green crown and nape, purple patch on the side of the neck, yellow breast, dark brown tail, white underparts, and red legs. Both sexes are similar.
An Indonesian endemic, this elusive species is distributed in primary rainforests of Sulawesi in Wallacea. The Sulawesi ground dove is a terrestrial bird. Its diet consists mainly of seeds and fallen fruits. The female lays a single white egg.
The Sulawesi ground dove is evaluated as of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
# Ian Sinfield

Ian Sinfield (born 7 April 1977) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. He played at representative level for Scotland, and at club level for Oldham (two spells), Rochdale Hornets (two spells), Keighley and Swinton Lions.

## International honours

Ian Sinfield won three caps in 2004–06 for Scotland while at Swinton.

## Genealogical information

Ian Sinfield is the older brother of the rugby league footballer, Kevin Sinfield.
# Sam Panapa

Samuel Lameko Panapa is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He represented three countries in his career: Tokelau, New Zealand and Western Samoa. Panapa played his club football in Auckland as well as England, where he won several titles with the champion Wigan side of the 1990s.

## Playing career

A Ponsonby Pony Junior and Ponsonby-Maritime Senior from 1969 - 1982, joined Glenora Bears in 1983 for two season before signing an off-season contract with UK club Sheffield Eagles 1984–5. Returning to NZ in 1985 signed with Te Atatu Roosters in the Auckland Rugby League competitions, He represented Tokelau at the 1986 Pacific Cup, and later for New Zealand. He returned to Britain in 1990 and played another season with Sheffield Eagles, before signing for Wigan in 1991.
During the 1991–92 Rugby Football League season, Panapa played for defending champions Wigan at centre in their 1991 World Club Challenge victory against the visiting Penrith Panthers, scoring his first try for the club. During the 1992–93 Rugby Football League season Panapa played from the interchange bench for defending RFL champions Wigan in the 1992 World Club Challenge defeat by the visiting Brisbane Broncos.
Sam Panapa played as a Substitute (replacing loose forward Phil Clarke on 9-minutes) in Wigan's 15–8 victory over Bradford Northern in the 1992–93 Regal Trophy Final during the 1992–93 season at Elland Road, Leeds on Saturday 23 January 1993, and played as a Substitute (replacing second-row Neil Cowie on 30-minutes) in the 2–33 defeat by Castleford in the 1993–94 Regal Trophy Final during the 1993–94 season at Elland Road, Leeds on Saturday 22 January 1994.
He played as substitute in both the 1993 and 1994 Challenge Cup finals victories against Widnes and Leeds at Wembley Stadium, scoring a try in each final. After the 1993–94 Rugby Football League season Panapa travelled with defending champions Wigan to Brisbane, playing at centre in their 1994 World Club Challenge victory over Australian premiers, the Brisbane Broncos.
Sam joined Salford in 1994–95 Rugby Football League season, and helped them attain Super League status following a Grand Final victory over Keighley Cougars at Old Trafford. Following that game Sam announced his retirement and returned to Auckland Warriors as Fitness Coach.
He played for Western Samoa at the 1995 Rugby League World Cup.

## Coaching career

Between 2006 and 2008 Panapa coached the Auckland side. In 2006 he was the Assistant Coach for the New Zealand Residents team.
# Longtharai

Longtharai (or, Longtarai) is a hill range in the Indian state of Tripura.$^{:4}$