OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission

The Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission (PACC) was an anti-corruption government agency of the Philippines which existed during the administration of President Rodrigo Duterte.

## History

President Rodrigo Duterte created the Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission (PACC) through Executive Order No. 43 which was signed on October 4, 2017. This was a response to Ombudsman Conchita Carpio-Morales, and her deputies Melchor Arthur Carandang and Rodolfo Elman pursuing a fact-finding investigation on Duterte's alleged illegal bank deposits worth at least ₱200 million as stated by Senator Antonio Trillanes. Duterte earlier said he would create a commission to have Carpio-Morales and her deputies investigated for possible abuse of power. The PACC enables the President to conduct lifestyle checks and fact-finding on public officials and employees.
On December 28, 2018, Duterte issued Executive Order No. 73 which mandates the PACC to recommend complaints of violation against the Anti-Red Tape Act to the Anti-Red Tape Authority.
In September 2021, the National Anti-Corruption Coordinating Council (NACC), a child agency under the PACC, was formed amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. The NACC launched the Project Kasangga: Aksyon Kontra Korapsyon, an initiative to improve the detection of anomalous transactions amidst scrutiny on the utilization of the government's funds for the pandemic response by the Duterte administration.
Immediately after assuming the presidency on June 30, 2022, Duterte's successor, President Bongbong Marcos, abolished the PACC through Executive Order No. 1, as part of a reorganization of agencies under the Office of the President in "abolishing duplicated and overlapping official functions". The PACC's powers and function was transferred to the Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary for Legal Affairs, which shall make recommendations on matters requiring its actions to the Executive Secretary for approval of the President.

## Chairpersons

| Name | Term | Term | Ref. |
| Name | Start | End | Ref. |
| Dante Jimenez | January 12, 2018 | January 29, 2021 | |
| Greco Belgica | March 15, 2021 | October 8, 2021 | |
| Atty. Fortunato Guerrero | December 29, 2021 | June 30, 2022 | |

## Commissioners

| Name | Term | Term |
| Name | Start | End |
| Atty. Rickson Chiong | January 12, 2018 | June 30, 2022 |
| Atty. Yvette Contacto | September 18, 2020 | June 30, 2022 |
| Atty, Baldr Bringas | December 29, 2021 | June 30, 2022 |
| Atty. Jesus Hinlo, Jr. | January 25, 2022 | June 30, 2022 |
| Atty. Danilo Yang | August 2, 2020 | May 31, 2021 |
| Greco Belgica | January 12, 2018 | March 14, 2021 |
| Atty. Gregorio Luis Contacto III | January 12, 2018 | April 20, 2020 |
| Atty. Manuelito Luna | April 17, 2018 | April 3, 2020 |

## Executive Directors

| Name | Term | Term |
| Name | Start | End |
| Atty. Irene Chiu | December 29, 2021 | June 30, 2022 |
| Atty. Fortunato Guerrero | | December 28, 2021 |
| Atty. Eduardo Bringas | January 12, 2018 | February 5, 2020 |
# SS Empire Almond

Empire Almond was a 6,860 gross register tons (GRT) cargo ship that was built in 1941. She was renamed Marquita in 1946, Marsland in 1951, Huta Zgoda in 1960 and MP-Zozie-12 in 1969. She was scrapped in 1978.

## History

Empire Almond was built by Taikoo Dockyard and Engineering Co Ltd, Hong Kong as yard number 297. She was launched on 23 July 1941 and completed in September 1941. Empire Almond was built for the Ministry of War Transport and initially operated under the management of the W Runciman & Co Ltd, London and later the Coolham Steamship Co Ltd. Empire Almond was initially homeported in Hong Kong but her homeport was changed to London in 1942.

### War service

Empire Almond was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World War.

#### OS 33

Convoy OS 33 sailed from Liverpool for Freetown, Sierra Leone on 1 July 1942, arriving on 20 July. Empire Almond sailed from the Clyde with a destination of Takoradi, Ghana with a cargo of Government stores.

#### MKS 52

Convoy MKS 52 departed from Augusta on 13 June 1944. Empire Almond was bound for Malta for attention to defects.

#### KMS67

Convoy KMS 67 left Liverpool on 24 October 1944 and arrived at Gibraltar on 2 November. Empire Almond was carrying a cargo of stores and general cargo, bound for Alexandria. At 1300 hrs on 26 October, Empire Almond was stopped with an engine fault. It took about 4 hours before she was able to resume her journey. She was escorted by the Captain-class frigateS HMS Bayntun and HMS Foley, rejoining the convoy at 2200 hrs.

#### MKS 72

Convoy MKS 72 left Lisbon on 23 December 1944. Empire Almond was carrying a cargo of steel.

#### KMS 85

Convoy KMS 85 left Liverpool on 17 February 1945 and reached Gibraltar on 24 February. Empire Almond sailed from Southend bound for Lisbon.

### Post-war

In 1946 Empire Almond was sold to Kaye, Son & Co, London and renamed Marquita. Marquita visited Auckland, New Zealand on 3 May 1949. She was renamed Marsland in 1951. In 1960, Marsland was sold to the Polska Żegluga Morska, Szczecin and renamed Huta Zgoda. In about 1967 Huta Zgoda was sold to Rejonowe Zaklady Zbozowe PZZ and converted into a grain storage hulk at Gdańsk. In 1969, Huta Zgoda was sold to Zaklady Obrutu Zbozami Importawanymi i Eksportowymi PZZ and renamed MP-Zozie-12. she served in this capacity until 1978. MP-Zozie-12 was sold for scrap in 1978, arriving at Faslane under tow on 10 July.

## Official number and call sign

Official numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers.
Empire Almond had the UK Official Number 172790 and Call sign VRFR.
# Fred Groves (politician)

Frederick Groves (January 28, 1924 in Winnipeg, Manitoba – January 28, 1995) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1958 to 1966.
Groves was educated at Daniel McIntyre College and the University of Manitoba. He worked as a chartered accountant before entering political life. He served as a member of the St. Vital council from 1951 to 1956, and became Chairman of Finance and Deputy Mayor in 1956. He was also provincial secretary of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba during this period.
He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1958 provincial election, defeating his Liberal-Progressive opponent by about 1,300 votes in the Winnipeg area riding of St. Vital. He was returned by comfortable margins in the general elections of 1959 and 1962, and was a backbench supporter of Dufferin Roblin's government throughout his time in the legislature.
On one occasion, Groves voted against the Roblin government on an initiative to grant use of public school facilities and services to separate schools. Although many in the PC caucus opposed this measure, Groves was the only PC MLA to actually vote against it. Some caucus members saw this as disloyalty, and called for him to be expelled; Roblin did not act on this request.
Groves's own community became involved in a school controversy in 1963-64, when six francophone families took their children out of school to protest bus fees for parochial (i.e. Catholic) school students. The matter was settled after three months. During the controversy, Groves declared his opposition to providing "any aid directly or indirectly to parochial schools", and said that he would "defend the rights of the majority". He complained of receiving "vicious, ignorant and crude, anonymous letters" from his opponents on the subject.
Groves died in Winnipeg on his 71st birthday.
# University of Bangui

The University of Bangui (French: Université de Bangui) is a public university located in Bangui, Central African Republic.

## History

Before independence in Oubangui-Chari (later to be called the Central African Republic), most students going on to higher education headed for universities in France. After gaining independence in 1958, the Central African Republic took part in the Foundation for Higher Education in Central Africa (FESAC). The FESAC encompassed several former French colonies, each with schools or institutes with a specific focus. Within the FESAC, the Central African Republic had the agricultural institute.
The FESAC began to come apart in the late 1960s, so on November 12, 1969, the University of Bangui was created by government ordinance. The University of Bangui expanded the focus of study on agriculture to include scientific research, law, economics, rural development and liberal arts.

## Student enrollment

At the beginning of the 2000–01 academic year, the higher education sector consisted of only two public institutions, the University of Bangui and the National School of Administration and Judiciary (ENAM), and one private school, the International Preparatory College (College Preparatoire International, CPI). Student enrollment in 1998–99 was 5,486, which represented an increase of nearly 80% in three decades. Today, approximately 6,500 students are enrolled in the post-secondary system.
Enrollment figures indicate that the number of students preparing for the mathematics and physical sciences baccalaureate degrees have significantly increased. At the University of Bangui the proportion of students in mathematics and sciences jumped to 35% in 2000, compared with 8% in 1981.
The percentage of female students remains very low. It varies from 3% in science to 16% in law and the human sciences. Young women are facing strong pressures in the society to leave school and take up their traditional role of housekeepers. Ethnic minorities, such as Pygmies and Bororo, are poorly represented in higher education.

## Public figures of the university

* Gaston Mandata N'Guérékata (1953–present), former vice-chancellor
* Faustin-Archange Touadéra (1957–present), former vice-chancellor
* Laurent Ngbongbo Ngbonga (1960–present)
* Sylvie Ngouadakpa
* Ginette Amara
* Laurent Gomina-Pampali
# Treia, Germany

Treia (Danish: Treja) is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
# George William Johnson (politician)

George William Johnson (July 10, 1892 in Stratford, Ontario – April 26, 1973) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1959 to 1962, representing the Winnipeg riding of Assiniboia for the Progressive Conservative Party.

## Private life

Johnson was educated in Stratford and moved to the Neepawa area of Manitoba in 1917 and then to Winnipeg in 1918. He operated a butcher shop until 1929, when he joined Canada Safeway. From 1947 to 1950, he worked for Safeway in Vancouver. He retired from Safeway in 1959. Johnson also served on the city council for St. James, the St. James school board and the St. James Chamber of Commerce. He died in Winnipeg at the age of 80.

## Political career

He first campaigned for the Manitoba legislature in the 1958 provincial election, but lost to CCF incumbent Donovan Swailes by 131 votes in Assiniboia. He ran again in the 1959 election and defeated Swailes by 217 votes, as the Progressive Conservatives won a majority government under Dufferin Roblin.
Johnson was a backbench supporter of Roblin's government during his time in the legislature. He lost to Liberal Stephen Patrick by 239 votes in the 1962 provincial election.
# Gerrie Hammond

Geraldine Rose "Gerrie" Hammond (died November 1, 1992) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. She was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1981 to 1990, and a cabinet minister in the Progressive Conservative government of Gary Filmon from 1988 to 1990.
Born Geraldine Rose McLean in Winnipeg, she was the daughter of George Saunders Foreman McLean and Harriet Rose Anderso and was educated in Winnipeg. She married Robert Douglas Hammond. Before entering provincial politics, Hammond served as a trustee on the St. James-Assiniboia School Division from 1977 to 1980. Hammond was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1977 and 1980. She was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the provincial election of 1981, defeating NDP candidate Lee Monk by nearly 3000 votes in the west-Winnipeg riding of Kirkfield Park. In the 1986 election, she was re-elected by an even greater margin. The NDP won both of these elections, and Hammond sat as a member of the official opposition.
In the provincial election of 1988, Hammond faced a strong challenge from Liberal candidate Irene Friesen, retaining her seat by only 255 votes. The Progressive Conservatives were nonetheless able to form a minority government after this election, and on April 21, 1989, Hammond was named as Minister of Labour, with responsibility for the Status of Women, the Civil Service Act, the Civil Service Superannuation Act, the Civil Service Special Supplementary Severance Benefit Act, the Public Servants Insurance Act and the Workers Compensation Act (in matters relating to Worker Advisers). Despite this mid-term cabinet promotion, Hammond did not seek re-election in 1990. She died of cancer in 1992.
There is currently a Gerrie Hammond Memorial Award of Promise offered by the Council of Women of Winnipeg in her honour, and a Gerrie Hammond bursary offered by the University of Manitoba to single women in financial need.
As Minister of Labour, Hammond was accused by the opposition of patronage hiring outside of the province's Civil Service Act. She also supported ending the province's rules for "final offer selection", in which an independent mediator would decide between the claims of labour and management.
# Gordon Johnston (politician)

Gordon Ellwood Johnston (October 15, 1920 – November 7, 2005) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1962 to 1977.

## Before politics

Johnston was born in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba and was educated there. He served with the Royal Canadian Air Force from 1941 to 1945 and was a prisoner of war in Germany from 1943 to 1945. After the war, Johnston worked as an underwriter for Manufacturer's Life Insurance Company, then from 1948 to 1952 at the Portage la Prairie Post Office and then operated his own grocery store.

## Political career

He was an alderman in Portage la Prairie from 1959 to 1962. He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the general election of 1962, defeating incumbent Progressive Conservative John Christianson by 290 votes in Portage la Prairie. In the 1966 election, he was re-elected over Christianson by 735 votes.
From 1966 to 1968, Johnston was executive director of the Liberal Party of Manitoba.
The once-dominant Liberal Party was the official legislative opposition for most of the 1960s, and its support dropped even lower in the election of 1969. The party won only five seats, and Johnston was re-elected over Tory candidate Harvey Carmichael by only eleven votes. After the election, he offered to serve as Speaker of the legislature to allow Edward Schreyer's New Democratic Party to form a minority government.
Liberal Party leader Robert Bend was defeated in the 1969 election, and Johnston was chosen to serve as house leader until a permanent replacement could be chosen. He endorsed John Nesbitt's unsuccessful bid for the party leadership in 1970. He was one of only two opposition members who voted to amalgamate the city of Winnipeg in 1971.
Johnston increased his margin of victory to 36 votes in the election of 1973, over Tory George Fairfield. His party's fortunes continued to decline in this period, and he did not seek re-election in 1977.

## Later life

From 1978 to 1984, he was a citizenship court judge for Manitoba and then, from 1984 to 1998, a marriage commissioner for the province. Johnston died in Winnipeg at the age of 85.

## Personal life

He was married twice: first to Myra Campbell Brown and later to Maria after the death of his first wife.
# Gudmundur Fjelsted

Gudmundur Fjelsted (1 November 1872—20 January 1961) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1920 to 1922.
Fjelsted was a farmer in Gimli, Manitoba. In the 1920 provincial election, he was elected to the legislature as a Farmer candidate, defeating Liberal incumbent Taras Ferley by 117 votes in the Gimli constituency. He served for the next two years as an opposition member, sitting with the Independent-Farmer group in the legislature.
He did not seek re-election in 1922.
# Huai Thap Salao

Huai Thap Salao (Thai: ห้วยทัพเสลา, pronounced) is a river in Uthai Thani Province, Thailand. It is a tributary of the Sakae Krang River, part of the Chao Phraya River basin.
15°24′N 99°47′E﻿ / ﻿15.400°N 99.783°E﻿ / 15.400; 99.783
* This article related to a river in Thailand is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Hugh McGavin

Dr. Hugh James McGavin (14 November 1874 – 8 March 1958) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1927 to 1932, as a member of the Conservative Party.
McGavin was born in Paisley, Ontario, son of James McGavin, a saddler born in Catrine, Ayrshire, Scotland and Elizabeth Wright, born in Glasgow Scotland, daughter of James Wight and Jean Malcolm. He came to Manitoba in 1877.
He received a medical degree from the Manitoba Medical College, and practised as a general physician in Plum Coulee. McGavin was appointed a health officer in 1903, with a stipend of $40 per annum.
Dr. McGavin's motto was "Do all the good you can for as many people as you can for as long as you can".
He was married twice: first to Emily Christine Bryans in 1907 and then to Ida Nauer in 1918 after the death of his first wife.
He first sought election to the Manitoba legislature in the 1910 provincial election, but lost to Liberal Valentine Winkler by 133 votes in the constituency of Rhineland. When he next ran in the 1927 election, he defeated Progressive candidate J.H. Black by 120 votes in Morden and Rhineland. (Black actually won a plurality of votes on the first count, but was defeated on transfers from the third-place candidate. Manitoba elections were determined by a single transferable ballot in this period.)
The Conservatives formed the official opposition in Manitoba after the 1927 election, and McGavin served as an opposition member for the next five years. In the 1932 campaign, he lost to Liberal-Progressive candidate Cornelius Wiebe by 447 votes.
He died at home in Plum Coulee at the age of 83.
# Ivan Schultz

Ivan Schultz (November 22, 1891 in Baldur, Manitoba – March 5, 1974) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Liberal-Progressive from 1930 to 1955, and was a prominent cabinet minister in the governments of John Bracken, Stuart Garson and Douglas Campbell.
The son of Frank Albert Schultz and Margaret MacPhail, Schultz was educated at Wesley College and the University of Manitoba. He was called to the Manitoba Bar in 1920 and worked as a barrister, beginning his own practice at Baldur in 1921. He was a member of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs, and was appointed a King's Counsel.
Schultz served on the Baldur school board and the Baldur town board from 1922 to 1936. He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in a by-election on January 29, 1930, in the rural constituency of Mountain. The circumstances of Schultz's election were significant for the emerging alliance of Liberals and Progressives in the Manitoba legislature. Schultz, a Liberal, won by acclamation when the Progressives declined to nominate a candidate. The parties created a formal alliance in the legislature two years later, and eventually became known simply as "Liberal-Progressives".
Schultz easily defeated a Conservative opponent in the 1932 election, and a Social Credit opponent in the 1936 election. He was appointed to cabinet on September 21, 1936 as Minister of Education in John Bracken's government.
Returned by acclamation in the 1941 provincial election, Schultz was transferred to the Ministry of Health on February 5, 1944, by Stuart Garson, who had succeeded Bracken as Premier of Manitoba one year earlier. Schultz easily defeated a candidate of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation in the 1945 election, and was returned by acclamation again in 1949.
After another cabinet shuffle on November 7, 1952, Schultz was named as Attorney General of Manitoba. He was easily re-elected in the 1953 election, and stepped down from cabinet and the legislature on January 22, 1955 when he was appointed as a judge in the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba.
Schultz was one of the most important figures in the legislature during the 1940s and 1950s. Like most others in the Liberal-Progressive Party, he was essentially conservative in his political views and reluctant to legislate progressive changes. He opposed increases in Mothers' Allowances in the 1940s, and opposed penal reform even prior to his appointment as Attorney General.
# James Galbraith (Canadian politician)

James Gordon "Jim" Galbraith (born February 23, 1940 in Dauphin, Manitoba) is a politician in Manitoba. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1977 to 1981 for the riding of Dauphin.
The son of Robert Brown Galbraith and Kathleen Ruth Barrett, he was raised in Dauphin, and educated at the University of Manitoba. He worked as a customs operator and farmer before entering politics, and was for fifteen years a board member of the United Grain Growers. He also an active member of the local Anglican Church, masonic and Progressive Conservative organizations. In 1969, he married Dolores Ruth Perchaluk.
He was elected to the Manitoba legislature in the provincial election of 1977, defeating New Democrat incumbent Peter Burtniak by 260 votes in the riding of Dauphin. This result was widely regarded as an upset. Galbraith was not appointed to the cabinet of Sterling Lyon. In the 1981 election, he lost to New Democrat John Plohman by 636 votes and left political life.
# Penstemon pruinosus

Penstemon pruinosus is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family; its common name is the Chelan penstemon. It is native to Washington State and southern British Columbia on the east side of the Cascade Mountains.

## Description

Penstemon pruinosus usually grows 8–40 centimeters (3–16 in) tall, but may occasionally grow as tall as 60 cm (24 in). The stems and basal leaves sprout from a stout branched woody base. At the base of the plant, the elliptic to ovate leaves may be up 10 cm (4 in) long and 2 cm (3⁄4 in) wide and born on long petioles. The flowering stem also has pairs of similar but smaller leaves that lack a petiole and clasp the stem. Both types of leaves usually have many small sharp teeth, but sometimes the teeth are obscure or missing on some leaves. The stem, flower calyx, and bases of the petals have short glandular hairs, but the leaves can be either glandular, hairy, or glabrous. The tubular blue flowers are born in separated whorls (verticillasters) and are marked with lines on the lower part of the throat. The petals' lobes vary from pale to deep blue and basal to the lobes the color often has a purple to violet tone.

## Taxonomy

Penstemon pruinosus was scientifically described and named by the botanist David Douglas in 1829. The specimen described by Douglas was collected near the Priest Rapids on the Columbia River.

## Distribution and habitat

Penstemon pruinosus is found in open areas in central Washington and south-central British Columbia in a variety of open habitats from lower elevations to low mountains. It grows in arid habitats with sagebrush or pine trees from 300 to 2,000 meters (1,000 to 6,600 ft).