OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sobretta-Gavia Group

The Sobretta-Gavia Group (German: Sobretta-Gavia-Gruppe, Italian: Gruppo Sobretta-Gavia) is a mountain massif that extends between the upper Veltlin and the upper Valcamonica in the Italian provinces of Sondrio and Brescia.

## Location

The Sobretta-Gavia Group is classified geologically with the Central Eastern Alps because it lies north of the geological fault of the Periadriatic Seam, but more regionally and geographically as part of the Southern Alps, because it lies south of the Veltlin (Adda)–Vintschgau (Etsch) longitudinal valley trough. According to the Alpine Club Classification of the Eastern Alps (AVE) the group is bounded as follows:
* to the northeast by the Ortler Group and the Bormio–Gavia Pass–Ponte di Legno line
* by the Adamello-Presanella Alps to the southeast with the lower reaches of the Oglio Narcanello (upper Valcamonica) between Ponte di Legno and Edolo as the boundary
* to the south and west by the Bergamo Alps by the upper reaches of the Oglio (Edolo)–Passo dell'Aprica–Tresenda/Valtellina and the Veltlin of the Adda upstream to Tirano
* to the northwest by the Livigno Alps of the upper Veltlin to Bormio
Until the new AVE classification emerged in 1984 this group was counted as part of the Ortler Group according to the Moriggl classification (ME) of 1924. According to Italian custom it is counted as part of the Rhaetian Alps.

## Huts and trails

* Albergo Bonetta, 2,610 m, 16 beds, private – ascent on the Monte Gavia, Corno dei Tre Signori (3,359 m)
* Rifugio Berni al Gavia, 2,545 m, 41 beds, CAI – Corno dei Tre Signori, Punta San Matteo (3,684 m), Pizzo Tresero (3.606 m)
# Juninho (footballer, born January 1990)

Evanildo Borges Barbosa Júnior (born January 11, 1990, in Salvador, Bahia), known as Juninho, is a left back who plays for Club Blooming.

## Career

In January 2017, Juninho moved to the Kazakhstan Premier League, signing with FC Aktobe.

## Honours
### Palmeiras

* Copa do Brasil: 2012
* Campeonato Brasileiro Série B: 2013

### Individual

* Silver Ball: 2011
# Cycling at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's BMX freestyle

The men's BMX freestyle competition of the cycling events at the 2019 Pan American Games was held on 11 August 2019 at the Circuito BMX.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| 11 August 2019 | 12:01 | Seeding |
| 11 August 2019 | 13:13 | Final |

## Results
### Seeding

8 riders from 8 countries was started
| Rank | Name | Nation | Run 1 | Run 2 | Score |
| 1 | Julio Mosquera | Ecuador | 82.33 | 84.67 | 83.50 |
| 2 | Daniel Dhers | Venezuela | 79.33 | 81.50 | 80.42 |
| 3 | Justin Dowell | United States | 78.83 | 81.00 | 79.92 |
| 4 | Kenneth Tencio | Costa Rica | 80.00 | 79.17 | 79.58 |
| 5 | José Torres | Argentina | 77.67 | 77.17 | 77.42 |
| 6 | Jaden Chipman | Canada | 73.33 | 80.67 | 77.00 |
| 7 | Cauan Madona | Brazil | 68.33 | 60.33 | 64.33 |
| 8 | Job Montañez | Peru | 62.50 | 63.67 | 63.08 |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nation | Run 1 | Run 2 | Score |
| | Daniel Dhers | Venezuela | 50.33 | 88.50 | 88.50 |
| | José Torres | Argentina | 46.00 | 87.33 | 87.33 |
| | Justin Dowell | United States | 84.33 | 85.17 | 85.17 |
| 4 | Julio Mosquera | Ecuador | 78.67 | 83.00 | 83.00 |
| 5 | Kenneth Tencio | Costa Rica | 77.00 | 62.00 | 77.00 |
| 6 | Cauan Madona | Brazil | 73.67 | 64.67 | 73.67 |
| 7 | Jaden Chipman | Canada | 42.67 | 71.33 | 71.33 |
| 8 | Job Montañez | Peru | 57.67 | 63.00 | 63.00 |
# Lens sag

Lens sag is a problem that sometimes afflicts very large refracting telescopes. It is the equivalent of mirror sag in reflecting telescopes. It occurs when the physical weight of the glass causes a distortion in the shape of the lens because the lens can only be supported by the edges. A mirror on the other hand can be effectively supported by the entire opposite face, making mirror sag much less of a problem. One expensive solution to lens sag is to place the telescope in orbit around the Earth.
The technical limit concerning lens sag was reached at the Yerkes refractor (1897) with an aperture of 40" (102 cm), where the sagging already causes small optical distortions. Hence the 1890s mark the end of the great refractors era.
# Donald Smith (priest)

Donald John Smith (10 April 1926 – 22 August 2014) was a senior Anglican priest. He was Archdeacon of Suffolk from 1975 to 1984; and Archdeacon of Sudbury from 1984 to 1991.
Smith was educated at the University of Wales and Clifton Theological College He was ordained in 1954 and served curacies in Edgware and Ipswich. He was Vicar of St Mary, Hornsey Rise from 1958 to 1962; Rector of Whitton from 1962 to 1975; and Rector of Redgrave cum Botesdale with The Rickinghalls from 1975 to 1979.
Smith retired to Stretton-on-Fosse, before moving to Shipston-on-Stour. He died on 22 August 2014, at the age of 88. His funeral was held on 5 September at Whitton Church, where he had previously served as rector.
# Yelkhovka, Gryazovetsky District, Vologda Oblast

Yelkhovka (Russian: Елховка) is a rural locality (a village) in Vokhtozhskoye Rural Settlement, Gryazovetsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2002.

## Geography

Yelkhovka is located 63 km southeast of Gryazovets (the district's administrative centre) by road. Antipino is the nearest rural locality.
# Liang Fuliang

Liang Fuliang (Chinese: 梁富亮, born 12 January 1983) is a Chinese gymnast. Liang was part of the Chinese team that won the gold medal in the team event at the 2006 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and the 2006 Asian Games.
# Mosul District

Mosul District (Arabic: قضاء الموصل) is a district in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq. Its administrative center is the city of Mosul. Other settlements include Al-Qayyarah, Al-Shurah, Hamam al-Alil, Al-Mahlaah, and Hamidat. The district is predominantly Sunni Arab, with minorities of Assyrians, Turkmen and Kurds located in the city of Mosul.
* This Iraq geographical location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Sarhalat

Sarhalat (Persian: سرهلت, also Romanized as Sarḩalat and Sarḩallat) is a village in Koregah-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 144, in 26 families.
# Local Government Act 1976

The Local Government Act 1976 (Malay: Akta Kerajaan Tempatan 1976) is an Act of the Parliament of Malaysia, which was enacted to revise and consolidate the laws relating to local government.

## Preamble

WHEREAS it is expedient for the purpose only of ensuring uniformity of law and policy to make a law with respect to local government:

## Structure

The Local Government Act 1976, in its current form (1 December 2012), consists of 16 Parts containing 166 sections and 2 schedules (including 7 amendments).
* Part I: Preliminary
* Part II: Administration of Local Authorities
* Part III: Officers and Employees of Local Authorities
* Part IV: Conduct of Business
* Part V: General Financial Provisions
* Part VI: Accounts and Audit
* Part VII: Public Places
* Part VIII: Pollution of Streams
* Part IX: Food, Markets, Sanitation and Nuisances
* Part X: Fire Services
* Part XI: Burial Places, Crematoria and Exhumation
* Part XII: Further Powers of Local Authority
* Part XIII: By-Laws
* Part XIV: Miscellaneous
* Part XV: Rating and Valuation
* Part XVI: Special Provisions
* Schedules
# Bolton South and Walkden (UK Parliament constituency)

Bolton South and Walkden is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Created as a result of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election. Since 2024, it has been represented by Labour's Yasmin Qureshi, who was MP for the predecessor seat of Bolton South East from 2010 to 2024.

## Boundaries

The constituency is defined as comprising the following as they existed on 1 December 2020:
* The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton wards of Farnworth, Great Lever, Harper Green, Kearsley, and Rumworth.
* The City of Salford wards of Little Hulton, Walkden North, and Walkden South.
The Bolton Borough wards were formerly part of Bolton South East and the Salford City wards part of Worsley and Eccles South - with both constituencies abolished as a result of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies.
Following a local government boundary review in Bolton which came into effect in May 2023, the constituency now comprises the following from the 2024 general election:
* The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton wards of: Farnworth North; Farnworth South; Great Lever; Kearsley; Queens Park & Central (part); Rumworth (nearly all); and a very small part of Hulton.
* The City of Salford wards of: Little Hulton; Walkden North; Walkden South.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | Election | Member | Party |
| | 2024 | Yasmin Qureshi | Labour |

## Elections
### Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Bolton South and Walkden :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Yasmin Qureshi | 15,093 | 40.9 | −15.7 |
| | Reform UK | Julie Pattison | 8,350 | 22.6 | +17.2 |
| | Workers Party | Jack Khan | 4,673 | 12.7 | N/A |
| | Conservative | Mohammed Afzal | 4,170 | 11.3 | −20.4 |
| | Green | Philip Kochitty | 2,827 | 7.7 | +5.3 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Gemma-Jane Bowker | 1,384 | 3.7 | −0.2 |
| | Independent | Reis Halliwell | 433 | 1.2 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,743 | 18.3 | −6.6 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 37,068 | 46.6 | −11.7 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 79,622 | | |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | 16.5 | |

### Elections in the 2010s

2019 notional result :
| Party | Party | Vote | % |
| | Labour | 24,890 | 56.6 |
| | Conservative | 13,961 | 31.7 |
| | Brexit Party | 2,361 | 5.4 |
| | Liberal Democrats | 1,695 | 3.9 |
| | Green | 1,077 | 2.4 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 43,984 | 58.1 |
| Electorate | Electorate | 75,716 |
# Magellan Telescopes

The Magellan Telescopes are a pair of 6.5-metre-diameter (21 ft) optical telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. The two telescopes are named after the astronomer Walter Baade and the philanthropist Landon T. Clay. First light for the telescopes was on September 15, 2000 for the Baade, and September 7, 2002 for the Clay. A consortium consisting of the Carnegie Institution for Science, University of Arizona, Harvard University, the University of Michigan and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology built and operate the twin telescopes. The telescopes were named after the sixteenth-century Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan.
The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) is an extremely large telescope under construction, as part of the US Extremely Large Telescope Program.

## Current instruments on the Magellan Telescopes

Baade telescope:
* Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph (IMACS)
* FourStar
* Folded port InfraRed Echellette (FIRE)
* Magellan Echellete (MagE)
Clay telescope:
* Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle (MIKE) spectrograph
* Low-Dispersion Survey Spectrograph-3 (LDSS-3)
* Megacam imager
* MagAO-X
* Michigan/Magellan Fiber System (M2FS)

## Magellan Planet Search Program

This program is a survey of stars searching for planets using the MIKE echelle spectrograph mounted on the 6.5 m Magellan II (Clay) telescope.

## MagAO Adaptive Optics System

In 2013, Clay (Magellan II) was equipped with an adaptive secondary mirror called MagAO which allowed it to take the sharpest visible-light images to date, capable of resolving objects 0.02 arcseconds across—equivalent to a dime (1.8 cm) seen from 100 miles (160 km) away.
MagAO was originally intended for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), but the secondary mirror was damaged before it could be installed. The project leader Laird Close and his team were able to repair and repurpose the broken mirror for use on Magellan II. As built for the LBT, the original MagAO mirror had a diameter of 36 inches (0.91 m). However, the edge of the mirror was broken. Technicians at Steward Observatory were able to cut the mirror to 33.5 inches (0.85 m) in diameter, thereby removing the broken edge.

## Gallery

* Part of Las Campanas Observatory after snowfall, with the Magellan telescopes at the right.
* Telescopes at night
# St. Margaret, Belize

St. Margaret (sometimes called St. Margaret's) is a rural village in the Cayo District of Belize, Central America. The settlement is located at mile 31 on the Hummingbird Highway, in the Maya Mountains. Hondurans, Guatemalans, Salvadorans, and native Belizeans populate the village. It is home to Five Blues Lake National Park. The village has power, a police station, and cell service. The principal jobs are quarrying and refining limestone and agriculture.
* This article about the geography of Belize is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Liang Lei

Liang Lei (Chinese: 梁磊, born April 3, 1982) is a male Chinese freestyle wrestler who competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He lost in the second round to Steve Mocco.
Liang was born in Shanxi. His personal best was coming 2nd at the 2006 Asian Championships.
# Kosmos 167

Kosmos 167 (Russian: Космос 167 meaning Cosmos 167), or 4V-1 No.311, was a 1967 Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 167 was intended to land on Venus but never departed low Earth orbit due to a launch failure.
Beginning in 1962, the name Kosmos was given to Soviet spacecraft which remained in Earth orbit, regardless of whether that was their intended final destination. The designation of this mission as an intended planetary probe is based on evidence from Soviet and non-Soviet sources and historical documents. Typically, Soviet planetary missions were initially put into an Earth parking orbit as a launch platform with a rocket engine and attached probe. The probes were then launched toward their targets with an engine burn with a duration of roughly 4 minutes. If the engine misfired or the burn was not completed, the probes would be left in Earth orbit and given a Kosmos designation.

## Spacecraft

The 4V-1 No.311 spacecraft was the second of two 4V-1 vehicles built and operated by GSMZ Lavochkin, following Venera 4.

## Mission

A Molniya-M carrier rocket was used to launch the spacecraft. The launch occurred from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 02:36:38 GMT on 17 June 1967. This mission was intended to be a Venus lander, similar in design to the Venera 4 spacecraft. The spacecraft became stranded in Earth orbit when its Blok VL, fourth stage (trans-interplanetary stage), failed to fire because the engine's turbopump had not been cooled prior to ignition, never departed its parking orbit, and was designated Kosmos 167. The spacecraft reentered on 25 June 1967. It was deployed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 187 kilometres (116 mi), an apogee of 286 kilometres (178 mi), an inclination of 51.8° to the equator, and orbital period of 89.2 minutes. It would have received the next designation in the Venera series, at the time Venera 5.
# The Number Twelve Looks Like You (EP)

The Number Twelve Looks Like You is an EP by the group The Number Twelve Looks Like You. Released approximately three weeks before the album Mongrel, at only selected Hot Topic Stores, this EP was intended to tide over fans waiting for the upcoming full-length release, which gives it the other name of "Mongrel Sampler."
The EP features two demo versions of songs originally featured on An Inch of Gold in an Inch of Time, one song to be featured on the upcoming release Mongrel and an intro track.

## Track listing

* "Car Commercial" - 0:32
* "Sleeping with the Fishes, See?" - 3:41
* "Clarissa Explains Cuntainment (Demo)" - 2:27
* "Like a Cat (Demo)" - 3:26

## Personnel
### The Number Twelve Looks Like You

* Jesse Korman - vocals
* Justin Pedrick - vocals
* Alexis Pareja - guitars
* Jamie Mcilroy - guitars
* Chris Russell - bass guitar
* Jon Karel - drums, other percussion

### Production

* Produced by Casey Bates
# Mobarakabad, Shaft

Mobarakabad (Persian: مبارک‌آباد, also Romanized as Mobārakābād) is a village in Chubar Rural District, Ahmadsargurab District, Shaft County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 297, in 94 families.
# Juninho (footballer, born September 1982)

Anselmo Vendrechovski Júnior (September 16, 1982), known as Juninho, is a Brazilian former professional footballer. He is a Mexican naturalized citizen.
A centre back, Juninho was known for his quality and leadership. The former captain of Tigres UANL, was a set-piece specialist with a powerful right shot and ability to score goals.
After his retirement, he stayed attached to Tigres and worked with the youth teams and with the first team's head coach Ricardo Ferretti between 2020 and 2021. In February 9, 2023, he joined as an assistant for at the time head coach Marco Antonio Ruiz.

## Career

His great-grandparents were from Poland. He spent his early career with Coritiba. On 2005, he was signed by Botafogo. He was transferred in 2008 to São Paulo after accepting a three-year offer on December 7, 2007. In January 2009, he was released to sign back with his former club Botafogo, but Tigres UANL from Mexico offered him a better contract, and since 2010 he has played in Mexico. In early 2010 he played for Suwon Bluewings on loan. His first goal with Tigres was against Santos Laguna on a free kick in the 8th minute. This was the only goal of the game as it ended 1 - 0 for a Tigres' win. He became a key in the defense for the Apertura 2011, Apertura 2015, Apertura 2016 and Apertura 2017 championships of Tigres. After the departure of Lucas Lobos, he became the team's captain. Juninho retired at the end of the Apertura 2018 season and began a coaching role at Tigres' youth teams. Juninho joined the Monterrey Flash of the Major Arena Soccer League in June 2022. Nowadays, he works with Tigres' head coach Marco Antonio Ruiz.

## Honours
### Club
#### Coritiba

* Paraná State League (2): 2003, 2004

#### Botafogo

* Rio de Janeiro State League (1): 2006
* Taça Rio (1): 2007
* Taça Guanabara (1): 2009

#### São Paulo

* Brazilian Série A (1): 2008

#### Tigres UANL

* Liga MX (4): Apertura 2011, Apertura 2015, Apertura 2016, Apertura 2017
* Copa MX (1): Clausura 2014
* Campeón de Campeones (3): 2016, 2017, 2018
* Campeones Cup (1): 2018
# Eynatan

Eynatan (Persian: ايناتان, also Romanized as Eynātān, ‘Anātān, and Īnātān) is a village in Qaedrahmat Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 8 families.
# Attalus III

Attalus III (Greek: Ἄτταλος Γ΄) Philometor Euergetes (c. 170 BC – 133 BC) was the last Attalid king of Pergamon, ruling from 138 BC to 133 BC.

## Biography

Attalus III was the son of king Eumenes II and his queen Stratonice of Pergamon, and he was the nephew of Attalus II, whom he succeeded. "Philometor Euergetes" means "Loving-his-Mother, Benefactor" in Greek; he was so-called because of his close relationship with his mother Stratonice. He is the likely addressee of a fragmentary hymn by the poet Nicander which celebrates his heritage.
According to Livy, Attalus III had little interest in ruling Pergamon, devoting his time to studying medicine, botany, gardening, and other pursuits. He had no male children or heirs of his own, and in his will he left his kingdom to the Roman Republic, believing that if he did not then Rome would take the kingdom anyway and this way would avoid bloodshed. Tiberius Gracchus requested that the treasury of Pergamon be opened up to the Roman public, but the Senate refused this.
Not everyone in Pergamon accepted Rome's rule. In 131 BC Aristonicus, who claimed to be Attalus' brother as well as the son of Eumenes II, an earlier king, led a popular uprising with the help of the Roman philosopher Blossius. He ruled as Eumenes III. The revolt was put down in 129 BC, and Pergamon was divided among Rome, Pontus, and Cappadocia.
# Canto

The canto (Italian pronunciation:) is a principal form of division in medieval and modern long poetry.

## Etymology and equivalent terms

The word canto is derived from the Italian word for "song" or "singing", which comes from the Latin cantus, "song", from the infinitive verb canere, "to sing".
In Old Saxon poetry, Old English poetry, and Middle English poetry, the term fitt was sometimes used to denote a section of a long narrative poem, and that term is sometimes used in modern scholarship of this material instead of canto.

## Form and use

The use of the canto was described in the 1911 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica as "a convenient division when poetry was more usually sung by the minstrel to his own accompaniment than read". There is no specific format, construction or style for a canto and it is not limited to any one type of poetry.
The typical length of a canto varies greatly from one poem to another. The average canto in the Divine Comedy is 142 lines long, while the average canto in Os Lusíadas is 882 lines long.

## Examples

Some famous poems that employ the canto division are Ezra Pound's The Cantos (116 cantos), Dante's Divine Comedy (with 100 cantos), Sri Aurobindo's Savitri (49 cantos), Ludovico Ariosto's Orlando Furioso (46 cantos), Torquato Tasso's Gerusalemme liberata (20 cantos), Byron's Don Juan (17 cantos, the last of which is unfinished) and Camões' Os Lusíadas (10 cantos).

## Citations

* 1 2 3 Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Canto" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
* ↑ "Canto", The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
* ↑ 'fit | fytte, n.1.', Oxford English Dictionary Online, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1896).
* ↑ R. D. Fulk, "The Origin of the Numbered Sections in Beowulf and in Other Old English Poems", Anglo-Saxon England, 35 (2006), 91–109 (p. 91 fn. 1). JSTOR 44510947.
* ↑ "The Divine Comedy: A Study Guide". Cummings Study Guides. Michael J. Cummings. 2003. Retrieved 2010-01-09.

## General references

* Dutt, Romesh C. (2004). Ramayana. Kessinger Publishing. p. 208. ISBN 978-1-4191-4387-8.
# Guermange

Guermange (French pronunciation:; German: Germingen) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Italian Civil Code

The Italian Civil Code (Italian: Codice civile) is the civil code of Italy, a collection of norms regulating private law. It was enacted under Fascist rule, by Royal decree no. 262 of 16 March 1942. It predates the current Italian Constitution, and it was amended in the postwar period. The 1942 civil code replaced an earlier civil code which was in force since 1865, the latter being essentially an Italian translation of the Napoleonic Code. Some parts of the 1942 code are based on the German Civil Code of 1900.

## Contents

* Preliminary provisions: 16 provisions applying to all books of the civil code.
* Book 1 - family law: marriage, adoption.
* Book 2 - inheritance law: wills.
* Book 3 - property: movable items, real estate, property rights and limits.
* Book 4 - bonds, purchase and sale contracts, mortgages.
* Book 5 - business law and labor law.
* Book 6 - civil liability, transcription, credit law, rules of evidence.
# Al-Mikhlaf

Al-Mikhlaf (Arabic: المخلاف) is a sub-district located in the Al Haymah Al Kharijiyah District, Sana'a Governorate, Yemen. Al-Mikhlaf had a population of 6052 according to the 2004 census.
# Sarchak-e Dadabad

Sarchak-e Dadabad (Persian: سرچك داداباد, also Romanized as Sarchak-e Dādābād; also known as Sarchak-e Dādābād-e ‘Olyā, Dādābād-e ‘Olyā, and Mīr Kūchak‘alī-ye Dādābād) is a village in Koregah-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 130, in 24 families.