OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Johann Radon

Johann Karl August Radon (; 16 December 1887 – 25 May 1956) was an Austrian mathematician. His doctoral dissertation was on the calculus of variations (in 1910, at the University of Vienna).

## Life

Radon was born in Tetschen, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary, now Děčín, Czech Republic. He received his doctoral degree at the University of Vienna in 1910. He spent the winter semester 1910/11 at the University of Göttingen, then he was an assistant at the German Technical University in Brno, and from 1912 to 1919 at the Technical University of Vienna. In 1913/14, he passed his habilitation at the University of Vienna. Due to his near-sightedness, he was exempt from the draft during wartime.
In 1919, he was called to become Professor extraordinarius at the newly founded University of Hamburg; in 1922, he became Professor ordinarius at the University of Greifswald, and in 1925 at the University of Erlangen. Then he was Ordinarius at the University of Breslau from 1928 to 1945.
After a short stay at the University of Innsbruck he became Ordinarius at the Institute of Mathematics of the University of Vienna on 1 October 1946. In 1954/55, he was rector of the University of Vienna.
In 1939, Radon became corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, and in 1947, he became a member. From 1952 to 1956, he was Secretary of the Class of Mathematics and Science of this Academy. From 1948 to 1950, he was president of the Austrian Mathematical Society.
Johann Radon married Maria Rigele, a secondary school teacher, in 1916. They had three sons who died young or very young. Their daughter Brigitte (1924–2020) obtained a Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Innsbruck and married the Austrian mathematician Erich Bukovics in 1950.
Radon, as Curt C. Christian described him in 1987 at the occasion of the unveiling of his brass bust at the University of Vienna, was a friendly, good-natured man, highly esteemed by students and colleagues alike, a noble personality. He did make the impression of a quiet scholar, but he was also sociable and willing to celebrate. He loved music, and he played music with friends at home, being an excellent violinist himself, and a good singer. His love for classical literature lasted through all his life.
In 2003, the Austrian Academy of Sciences founded an Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics and named it after Johann Radon (see the external link below).

## Achievements

Radon is known for a number of lasting contributions, including:
* his part in the Radon–Nikodym theorem;
* the Radon measure concept of measure as linear functional;
* the Radon transform, in integral geometry, based on integration over hyperplanes—with application to tomography for scanners (see tomographic reconstruction);
* Radon's theorem, that d + 2 points in d dimensions may always be partitioned into two subsets with intersecting convex hulls;
* the Radon–Hurwitz numbers.
* He is possibly the first to make use of the so-called Radon–Riesz property.
# Agathelpis

Agathelpis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae.
Its native range is South African Republic.
Species:
* Agathelpis adunca E.Mey.
* Agathelpis brevifolia E.Mey.
* Agathelpis mucronata E.Mey.
# Pölöskefő

Pölöskefő (German: Grünfeld) is a village in Zala County, Hungary.

## Notable residents

* Ferenc Mező, poet & Olympic gold medalist
# Hafsatu

Hafsatu is a Nigerian feminine given name of Yoruba and Hausa origin, which means 'gathering'. Notable people with the name include:
* Hafsatu Kamara (born 1991), Sierra Leonean sprinter
* Hafsatu Ajoke Muhammed (born 1941), First Lady of Nigeria from 1975 to 1976
# Vedenovka

Vedenovka (Russian: Веденовка) is a rural locality (a village) in Ashkadarsky Selsoviet, Sterlitamaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 73 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Vedenovka is located 29 km southwest of Sterlitamak (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novofyodorovskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# The Road to Mother

The Road to Mother (Kazakh: Анаға апарар жол, Anaǵa aparar jol) is a 2016 Kazakhstani drama film directed by Akan Satayev. It was selected as the Kazakhstani entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

## Cast

* Bolat Abdilmanov
* Berik Aitzhanov
* Adil Akhmetov
* Aruzhan Jazilbekova
* Altynai Nogherbek
* Azamat Satybaldy
# Ann Breault

Gertrude Ann Breault (December 15, 1938 – September 26, 2021) was a teacher, nurse, journalist, and politician in New Brunswick, Canada. She represented St. Stephen-Milltown and then Western Charlotte in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1987 to 1999 as a Liberal member.
Breault served in the province's Executive Council as Minister of Income Assistance (later Minister of Human Resources), Minister of State for Literacy, Minister of Municipalities, Culture and Housing and Minister of Health and Community Services. Breault retired from politics in 1999. She helped found the Fundy Region Transition House and the Charlotte County Day Care Centre.
Ann Breault was a mother of six, and has several grandchildren.
# Rwensambya Central Forest Reserve

Rwensambya Central Forest Reserve is a tropical forest located in Kyegegwa district. It covers an area of 671 hectares.

## Wildlife

The reserve is a home to chimpanzees, monkeys such as red-tailed and black and white colobus monkeys, mangabeys and birds. Chimpanzees are among the major causes of death in this reserve.

## Conservation status

in 2014, the NFA started a campaign of evicting all the people who illegally stayed in the government forest reserves around Uganda including Kyegegwa and Kyenjojo after Yoweri Kaguta Museveni issued a directive to evict those people.
Associations such as Kabweeza Tree Growers Association (KTGA) have been founded to preserve the forest reserve. But KTGA also rented the forest reserve land to people and they planted in maize and other crops.
The staff of National Forestry Authority (NFA) slashed the crops which included coffee trees, maize plants and ovacado trees claiming them to be planted with in the demacations for the forest reserve. The natives pleaded that NFA had planted trees and branded NFA poles that acted as boundaries for the forest reserve and their land. NFA set up monitoring and supervision offices within this reserve to monitor the human activities.
In 2021, the UNCHR partnered with NFA to replant trees and managed to restored 100 hectares of forest cover this reserve with the seedlings that were provided by the NFA.

## Threats

Some of the common threats to the forest reserve include human activities such as charcoal burning and production, illegal logging, cultivation/agriculture.
# Sofiya Kalistratova

Sofiya Vasilyevna Kalistratova (Russian: Со́фья Васи́льевна Калистра́това), also known as Sofia Kallistratova (Софья Каллистратова; 19 September [O.S. 6 September] 1907 – 5 December 1989) was a public defense lawyer in the Soviet Union. She defended various Soviet dissidents and from 1977 was a member of the Moscow Helsinki Group (MHG), distributing information about human rights violations in the Soviet Union.

## Biography

Born in the town of Rylsk, she graduated from the Moscow State University, specializing in the field of law. Unable to find a position in prosecutor's office, she began her activity as public defender at the Moscow College of Advocates (Московская Коллегия адвокатов). According to rumors, in the 1960s, the officer who was issuing her with a new passport, misspelled the last name "Kallistratova" as "Kalistratova". Sofiya did not make a big deal out of it and signed the documents as Kalistratova ever since.
She joined the Moscow Helsinki Group as a legal consultant. The KGB searched Kalistratova's apartment several times and confiscated typewriters and documents. Some of Kalistratova's friends were arrested. The activity of the Moscow Helsinki Group became nearly impossible when Yuri Andropov started his campaign of repression against dissidents. Supporters claim that all their work defending the human right to obtain, discuss, and distribute information was legal.
As many other human rights defenders, she was accused of Anti-Sovietism; the charges were later dropped. In 1987, she tried to initiate a campaign for amnesty for political prisoners.
During perestroika and glasnost, material regarding violations of the law between 1917 and 1985 were published in the mass media. The popular question of correspondents of newspapers was: "In your family, how have your views on the politics of the Soviet Union changed since Glasnost?", and the relatives of Kalistratova could answer: Our point of view did not change during this glasnost. That time, various literators used to say "We did not know" about the period 1917–1986, and, especially, about the Brezhnev stagnation (1966–1985). She usually replied: "You are lying. You do not look like an idiot. You DID know, but you were afraid to talk about it."
Yuly Kim dedicated her a song.

## Death

Kalistratova died in 1989 and was interred in Vostryakovskoye Cemetery in Moscow. For her activism, she was awarded the medal of the Guild of Russian Advocates. In 2003, a book about her life was published.

## Works

* Kallistratova, Sofia (July–September 1977). "Comments on the draft Constitution". A Chronicle of Human Rights in the USSR (27): 56–64.
# Ensted Parish

Ensted Parish (Danish: Ensted Sogn) is a parish in the Diocese of Haderslev in Aabenraa Municipality, Denmark.
# Spodnja Hrušica

Spodnja Hrušica (pronounced; in older sources also Dolenja Hrušica, German: Unterbirnbaum) is a formerly independent settlement southeast of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It belongs to the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Spodnja Hrušica is an elongated settlement east of Zgornja Hrušica, from which it is separated by Graben Creek, which flows from Golovec Hill and empties into the Ljubljanica River. The houses stand along the road to Bizovik and north to Litija Street (Slovene: Litijska cesta). The soil is loamy, becoming more sandy to the north.

## Name

Together with neighboring Zgornja Hrušica (literally, 'upper Hrušica'), Spodnja Hrušica (literally, 'lower Hrušica') was attested in written records in 1243 as Pirpovm and Pyrpowm (and as Pirpavmein in 1251, Pirpoum in 1253, and in der Grusnitz in 1491). The Slovene name is derived from the common noun *hruša 'pear'. The medieval attestations contain the Middle High German roots pir(e) 'pear' and boum 'tree'. In the past the German name was Unterbirnbaum (literally, 'lower pear tree').

## History

A primary school was established in Spodnja Hrušica in 1884. Until the Second World War, many washerwomen were active in Spodnja Hrušica; they washed clothing in Graben Creek. This activity died out after the Second World War. During the war, Italian forces extended the road south of Spodnja Hrušica onto Golovec Hill. Spodnja Hrušica was annexed by the city of Ljubljana in 1982, ending its existence as an independent settlement.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Spodnja Hrušica include:
* Ivan Bricelj (1893–1973), engineer that directed the construction of the Nebotičnik building
# Jim Bond

Jim L. Bond (born 1936) is a minister and emeritus general superintendent in the Church of the Nazarene. He was elected at the 24th General Assembly in San Antonio, Texas, in June 1997 and served until retirement in July 2005.
He came into the position of General Superintendent from the presidency of Point Loma Nazarene University, a position he held for 14 years. He served on several national and state higher education boards. Among these were the Executive Committee of the Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities, the Board of Directors of the Coalition of Christian Colleges and Universities, the Board of Directors of the American Association of Presidents of Independent Colleges and Universities, and the Council of Presidents of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics.
He earned his bachelor of arts degree from Pasadena College (now Point Loma Nazarene University). He went to Pasadena College in 1954 as an all-American high school basketball player from Pampa, Texas. At Pasadena College he was named to the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) All-American team two years. In more recent years he has been inducted into five halls of fame, including the NAIA Hall of Fame and the National High School Athletic Hall of Fame.
After graduation, he was drafted by the Minneapolis Lakers to but declined the opportunity to play in the NBA so that he could prepare for church ministry at Nazarene Theological Seminary, where he earned his bachelor of divinity degree (equivalent to today's Master of Divinity). Later, he completed the doctor of ministry degree from Fuller Theological Seminary. He is also the recipient of three honorary degrees: the doctor of divinity from Southern Nazarene University, the doctor of humane letters from Northern Arizona University, and the doctor of humane letters from Point Loma Nazarene University.
He pastored churches in Kansas, Wyoming, Idaho, Oklahoma, and Colorado and was a missionary to Brazil for a brief time. Prior to going to Point Loma Nazarene University, he was chaplain and professor of practical theology at Nazarene Bible College in Colorado Springs.
# Potamonautes sidneyi

Potamonautes sidneyi is a species of freshwater crab in the family Potamonautidae. The common name is the Natal river crab or Sidney's river crab, although they may also be referred to as "river crabs", "fresh water crabs" or "land crabs".

## Distribution

This species is widespread in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, from the foothills of the Drakensberg to the coast from Port Shepstone to Lake Sibayi. They are also found in the South African provinces of the Northern Cape, Mpumalanga, North West, Gauteng, Free State, Eastern Cape, and in the countries of Eswatini and Mozambique.

## Behaviour

These crabs commonly shelter in burrows that they dig into the side of muddy river banks or under rocks in rivers. They come out from their shelters at night or after rain. They mate outside of water and the female carries the eggs and young under her broad tail until they are fully formed miniature crabs. She then releases them into quiet pools in streams where the juveniles spend much of their time in the water. The young shelter under leaves, stones and among tree roots that enter the water. They spend more time on land as they mature.

## Ecological significance

River crabs utilise energy from diverse trophic levels and are important detritivores; reducing the particle size of organic debris to present a source of nutrition to collector and filter-feeding river fauna, and ensure resource recycling within the river ecosystem. These crabs are a primary source of food for Cape clawless otters and water mongoose, and may also be eaten by Nile monitors.
# Goliath: Life and Loathing in Greater Israel

Goliath: Life and Loathing in Greater Israel is a 2013 book by Max Blumenthal. The book examines what Blumenthal characterizes as Israel's aggressive shift to the far-right, and its crackdown on local activism. In the preface, Blumenthal says that "Americans' tax dollars and political support are crucial in sustaining the present state of affairs" in Israel.

## Reception
### Reviews

The book received a positive review by Nancy Murray in the academic journal Race & Class, calling it "a work of unsettling but scrupulous and courageous truth-telling". It was also positively reviewed in the Journal of Palestine Studies by Steven Salaita, who called it "one of the most important titles published on the Israel-Palestine conflict in the past few years".
Eric Alterman, writing in The Nation, said "Goliath is a propaganda tract...this book could have been published by the Hamas Book-of-the-Month Club (if it existed)". Blumenthal responded in another issue of the magazine, saying that the Alterman review was a smear, loaded with inaccuracies that are refuted by several authors. He defended his comparison of Israeli actions with those of Nazi Germany. Alterman wrote a total of nine critical pieces on Goliath.
The book was criticized by J.J. Goldberg in an opinion piece in The Forward, saying it was biased against Israel, and pointing to errors in spelling. Petra Marquardt-Bigman in The Jerusalem Post criticized how the book compares the Israeli state to Nazi Germany, calling it a form of "bigotry".
Publishers Weekly wrote that the book is "a blunt look at a country where citizens are clearly divided into the "haves" and the "have nots"."
Nina Burleigh, writing for The New York Observer, stated that the book is "a journalist's view of the country" that "balances" against the pro-Israel view promoted by the country's government that was "especially insightful" about left-wing, pro-Palestinian Israelis, although she felt the book was not being harsh enough on Islamist figures, calling the treatment "naive".
James Fallows, the former chief speechwriter to U.S. president Jimmy Carter, wrote in The Atlantic that Goliath "is no more 'anti-Israel', let alone anti-Semitic, than The Shame of the Cities, The Jungle, and The Grapes of Wrath were anti-American for pointing out "extremes and abuses in American society." Glenn Greenwald described the book as "eye-opening and stunningly insightful", and Charles Glass wrote that "anyone who thinks he knows what is happening in Israel and its occupied territories will think again after reading this great work". Jim Miles, in his review in Foreign Policy, described it as "a powerful and distressing book for a view on what life in modern Israel is like." Kirkus Reviews described it as "A rich, roiling examination" of the country, while John Hudson in Foreign Policy described the book as an "indictment of Israel's treatment of Palestinians".

### Awards

Goliath was awarded the 2014 Lannan Cultural Freedom Award for An Especially Notable Book.
# Paranevadella

Paranevadella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the late Atdabanian stage, which lasted from 530 to 524 million years ago during the early part of the Cambrian Period.
# Jordão, Acre

09°26′02″S 71°53′02″W﻿ / ﻿9.43389°S 71.88389°W﻿ / -9.43389; -71.88389
Jordão (Portuguese pronunciation:), (English: Jordan) is a municipality located in the western region of the Brazilian state of Acre. Its population is 9,222 and its area is 5,429 km².
The municipality contains 62% of the Alto Tarauacá Extractive Reserve, created in 2000.
# Pepián

Pepián is a thick meat stew from Guatemala. It is one of the oldest and most recognizable dishes of Guatemalan cuisine having as its origin the influences from Guatemala's colonial past and the indigenous cuisine. The meat-based stew, thickened with gourd seeds, can be made with beef or chicken (beef is more common in urban centers) it includes in traditional recipes tomatillo, tomato and hot chili. Guatemalan restaurants in the United States usually consider the dish to be of Maya origin. It is a popular street food in Guatemalan cities.
In Guatemala, it is considered a national dish. Pipián is a similar dish from Mexican cuisine.
# Raas

Raas or RAAS may refer to:

## Places

* Raas, a village in Natz-Schabs, Italy
* Raas Island, Indonesia
* Región Autónoma del Atlántico Sur (now South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region), Nicaragua

## Science and technology

* Ransomware as a service, in cybercrime
* Recovery as a service, in cloud computing
* Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, a hormone system that regulates blood pressure
* Robot as a service
* Runway Awareness and Advisory System, an avionics system

## Other uses

* Raas (surname)
* Dandiya Raas, a folk dance from the Indian state of Gujarat, often associated with Garba
* Raas leela, a traditional Indian dance
* RAAS Racial Adjustment Action Society, a UK Black Power movement
# Thapsia microsculpta

Thapsia microsculpta is a species of air-breathing land snail or semi-slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Urocyclidae.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to Tanzania.
# Samdae Gwangyang Bulgogijip

Samdae Gwangyang Bulgogijip (Korean: 삼대광양불고기집) is a Korean barbecue restaurant in Gwangyang, South Jeolla Province, South Korea. It specializes in a variant of the barbecue dish bulgogi it invented, which it calls Gwangyang bulgogi. The restaurant is a family business that was founded in 1930; it is currently run by its third generation of owners.
The restaurant was founded as Ilheung Sikdang (일흥식당) by Lee So-eun (이소은). The restaurant did not develop Gwangyang bulgogi until its second generation of owners. Its second generation changed the restaurant's name to Gwangyang Bulgogi Sikdang (광양불고기식당). In the 1970s, the restaurant became popular among Japanese tourists. The third generation owner changed the restaurant's name to its current form. After the restaurant developed the dish, other local restaurants began adopting it; eventually it became a dish strongly associated with Gwangyang.
Unlike the Seoul style of bulgogi, which has soup, Gwangyang bulgogi is grilled on a copper pan over charcoals.
# High Proof Cosmic Milk

High Proof Cosmic Milk is the seventh studio album by Polish thrash metal band Acid Drinkers. It was released on 18 March 1998 in Poland through Metal Mind Productions. The album was recorded in January 1998 at Deo Recordings Studio in Wisła. The cover art was created by Litza and Jacek Gulczyński and fotos by Andrzej Kurczak. High Proof Cosmic Milk is the last album recorded with Litza.

## Personnel

* Tomasz "Titus" Pukacki – vocals, bass
* Robert "Litza" Friedrich – backing vocals, guitar
* Dariusz "Popcorn" Popowicz – guitar
* Maciej "Ślimak" Starosta – drums
* Lori Wallett – backing vocals
* Music – Acid Drinkers
* Mastering – Grzegorz Piwkowski
* Engineered – Adam Toczko, Jacek Chraplak

## Release history

| Year | Label | Format | Country | Out of print? | Notes |
| 1998 | Metal Mind Productions | CD, LP, digipak | Poland | Yes | Original CD and LP (white vinyl) release; bonus tracks in digipak release |
| 2009 | Metal Mind Productions | CD | Poland | No | CD reissue; remastered; digipak; bonus track |
# Strip Tease (Acid Drinkers album)

Strip Tease is the third studio album by a Polish thrash metal band Acid Drinkers. It was recorded in Izabelin Studio near Warsaw. The album features fifteen tracks sung not only by Titus and Litza, but also Popcorn. It includes also two cover songs: the first one is an acoustic version of Metallica's classic, "Seek & Destroy". It is sung by a Polish artist, Edyta Bartosiewicz. The second one is "Menel Song/Always Look on the Bright Side of Life", a remake of a song by Monty Python. This song was a result of bands watching of Life of Brian and at first was not planned to be recorded. It is said that one more cover song was intended: a reggae version of Slayer's "Black Magic".

## Track listing

* "Strip Tease" – 3:05
* "King Kong Bless You" – 2:15
* "Seek & Destroy" (Metallica cover) – 3:17
* "Rock'N'Roll Beast" – 4:13
* "Rats / Feeling Nasty" – 3:52
* "Poplin' Twist" – 4:02
* "Masterhood of Hearts Devouring" – 3:59
* "You Are Lost My Dear" – 3:37
* "Menel Song / Always Look on the Bright Side of Life" (Monty Python) – 2:26
* "Blood Is Boiling" – 4:24
* "My Caddish Promise" – 3:53
* "Mentally Deficient" – 3:39
* "Hell It Is a Place on Earth" – 4:08
* "Ronnie and the Brother Spider" – 2:47
* "I'm a Rocker" – 4:33

## Personnel

* Tomasz "Titus" Pukacki – vocals, bass
* Robert "Litza" Friedrich – guitar, vocals (on tracks 5, 6)
* Darek "Popcorn" Popowicz – guitar, vocals (2, 11)
* Maciej "Ślimak" Starosta – drums
* This 1990s thrash metal album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e