OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Quebec City Area

The Quebec City Area (or Région de Québec in French) is the metropolitan area surrounding Quebec City, in the Canadian province of Quebec. It consists of two administrative regions: Capitale-Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches.

## Population

The Quebec City Area had a population of 682,757 in the 2001 Canadian census. The Quebec City Area had a population of 715,515 in the 2006 Canadian census. The Quebec-Levis area had a population of 1,109,184 in 2006. In 2011, the Quebec City area, consisting of the Capitale Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches census divisions, had a population of 1,111,245

## Members
### Capitale-Nationale

* Main city: Quebec City
| Baie-Sainte-Catherine Baie-Saint-Paul Beaupré Boischatel Cap-Santé Château-Richer Clermont Deschambault-Grondines Donnacona Fossambault-sur-le-Lac Île d'Orléans ** Lac-Beauport Lac-Delage Lac-Saint-Joseph Lac-Sergent La Malbaie L'Ancienne-Lorette | L'Ange-Gardien Les Éboulements L'Isle-aux-Coudres Neuville Notre-Dame-des-Monts Petite-Rivière-Saint-François Pont-Rouge Portneuf Rivière-à-Pierre Saint-Aimé-des-Lacs Saint-Alban Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures Saint-Basile Sainte-Brigitte-de-Laval Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier Saint-Casimir | Sainte-Christine-d'Auvergne Saint-Ferréol-les-Neiges Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier Saint-Hilarion Saint-Irénée Saint-Joachim Saint-Léonard-de-Portneuf Saint-Louis-de-Gonzague-du-Cap-Tourmente Saint-Marc-des-Carrières Saint-Raymond Saint-Siméon Saint-Tite-des-Caps Saint-Ubalde Saint-Urbain Shannon Stoneham-et-Tewkesbury Wendake * |
* Wendake is an Indian reserve enclaved within Quebec City. ** L'Île d'Orléans contains six parishes.

### Chaudières-Appalaches

* Main city: Lévis
| MRC de Beauce-Sartignan MRC de Bellechasse MRC de Les Appalaches | MRC de La Nouvelle-Beauce MRC de Les Etchemins MRC de L'Islet | MRC de Lotbinière MRC de Montmagny MRC de Robert-Cliche |

## Demographics

Mother tongue (2011) :
| Language | Quebec CMA | Quebec | Canada |
| French | 95.6% | 79.7% | 22.0% |
| English | 1.9% | 9.6% | 58.6% |
| Spanish | 0.8% | 1.8% | 1.3% |
| Arabic | 0.5% | 2.1% | 1.1% |
| Portuguese | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.7% |
| Vietnamese | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.5% |
| Unspecified Chinese | 0.1% | 0.6% | 1.3% |
| Italian | 0.1% | 1.6% | 1.3% |
| Romanian | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.3% |
| Bosnian | 0.1% | <0.1% | <0.1% |
| German | 0.1% | 0.2% | 1.3% |
| Nepali | 0.1% | <0.1% | <0.1% |
| Russian | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.5% |
| Swahili | 0.1% | <0.1% | <0.1% |
| Creole | 0.1% | 0.8% | 0.2% |
| Cambodian | 0.1% | 0.1% | <0.1% |
| Montagnais/Innu | 0.04% | 0.11% | 0.03% |
46°42′N 71°18′W﻿ / ﻿46.7°N 71.3°W﻿ / 46.7; -71.3
# Devli Kalan

Devli Kalan is a village in Nawa Tehsil in Didwana Kuchaman district of Rajasthan State, India. It belongs to Ajmer Division . It is located 176 km towards East from District headquarters Nagaur, 60 km from State capital Jaipur. Devli Kalan Pin code is 341507 and postal head office is Maroth . Renwal, Jaipur, Sambhar, Phulera, Reengus are the nearby Cities to Devli Kalan. Minda ( 7 km ), Loonwa ( 10 km ), Shyamgarh ( 13 km )& KANCHANPURA 1.5 km are the nearby Villages to Devli Kalan. As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Devli Kalan village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village.

## Population

The Devli Kalan village has total 641 families residing with population of 3361 of which 1721 are males while 1640 are females as per Population Census 2011. In Devli Kalan village population of children with age 0-6 is 421 which makes up 12.53% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Devli Kalan village is 953 which is higher than Rajasthan state average of 928. Child Sex Ratio for the Deoli Kalan as per census is 871, lower than Rajasthan average of 888.
Devli Kalan village has higher literacy rate compared to Rajasthan. In 2011, literacy rate of Devli Kalan village was 67.69% compared to 66.11% of Rajasthan. In Devli Kalan Male literacy stands at 82.35% while female literacy rate was 52.49%.

## Work Profile

In Devli Kalan village out of total population, 1353 were engaged in work activities. 82.93% of workers describe their work as Main Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 17.07% were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 1353 workers engaged in Main Work, 714 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 100 were Agricultural labourer.

## Nearby tehsils

Devli Kalan is surrounded by Sambhar Tehsil towards South, Kuchaman Tehsil towards west, Govindgarh Tehsil towards East, Dudu Tehsil towards South.

## Nearby railway stations

Nearby railway station is Minda railway station which is in between Renwal and Bhainslana stations. This railway track starts from Delhi, Gurgaon, Rewari, Narnaul, Ringus, Renwal, Minda, Phulera and up to Ajmer. However, Jaipur Railway Station is major railway station 65 km near to Devli kalan.

## Airports

* Sanganeer Airport, Jaipur- 72 km
* Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi- 266 km
* Jodhpur Airport- 273 km
# G. R. Swaminathan

G. R. Swaminathan is an Indian judge of the Madras High Court.

## Early life

G. R. Swaminathan was born in 1968. He hails from Thiruvarur. He completed his law degree (B.L.) in Central Law College, Salem and Dr.Ambedkar Government Law College.

## Career

In 1991, he became an advocate. In 1997, he established an independent practice in Puducherry, and in 2004, he relocated to Madurai after the Madras High Court established the Madurai Bench. In 2014, he was chosen as the Assistant Solicitor General of India for the High Court's Madurai Bench. There were allegations that Swaminathan, during his tenure as an Additional Solicitor General, had participated in a programme organised by the Bharatiya Janata Party.
He was Judge of the Madras High Court on 28 June 2017. He is due to retire from service on 31 May 2030. Swaminathan was appointed as a permanent Judge of the Madras High Court in April 2019.

## Politics

Swaminathan was a part of the Hindu Munnani in 2015.
A lawyer representing Democratic Advocates' Association, wrote to the Madras High Court's Chief Justice in July 2022, requesting the resignation of Swaminathan, who had lauded BJP leader K. Annamalai in a court case, based on the premise that the court must be impartial and cannot endorse any political party. The association asserted that Swaminathan's continued position is a threat to the autonomy of the Judiciary as it would instil fear among people to express concerns against the BJP.

## Important Judgements

Arun Kumar v. Inspector General of Registration in this Justice G. R. Swaminathan banned unnecessary medical interventions on Intersex infants and children in Tamil Nadu and this verdict was highly cited in multiple court cases including the recognition of Same Sex Marriage Union or Marriage Equality Case in The Supreme Court of India. The United Nations Office of High Commissioner for Human Rights appreciated the judgement in her report and this verdict is highlighted in the Intersex Legal Mapping 2023 by ILGA World.
# Computational epidemiology

Computational epidemiology is a multidisciplinary field that uses techniques from computer science, mathematics, geographic information science and public health to better understand issues central to epidemiology such as the spread of diseases or the effectiveness of a public health intervention. Computational epidemiology traces its origins to mathematical epidemiology, but began to experience significant growth with the rise of big data and the democratization of high-performance computing through cloud computing.

## Introduction

In contrast with traditional epidemiology, computational epidemiology looks for patterns in unstructured sources of data, such as social media. It can be thought of as the hypothesis-generating antecedent to hypothesis-testing methods such as national surveys and randomized controlled trials. A mathematical model is developed which describes the observed behavior of the viruses, based on the available data. Then simulations of the model are performed to understand the possible outcomes given the model used. These simulations produce as results projections which can then be used to make predictions or verify the facts and then be used to plan interventions and meters towards the control of the disease's spread.
# Embassy of Guyana, Washington, D.C.

The Embassy of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana to the United States of America is located at 2490 Tracy Place, NW, Washington, DC. The Permanent Mission of Guyana to the Organization of American States (OAS) is also located there. The Embassy of Guyana was established in 1966, and the Permanent Mission in 1991.
His Excellency Samuel A. A. Hinds, O.E. was appointed Guyana's ninth Ambassador to the US and fifth Permanent Representative to the OAS.
In executing and promoting the foreign policy objectives of the Government of Guyana, the Embassy seeks to:
* Uphold Guyana's sovereignty and territorial integrity;
* Strengthen political and economic relations with the United States and other nations represented in Washington, DC and at the OAS;
* Promote and facilitate investment, trade, business and tourism opportunities for Guyana; and
* Attend to the consular needs of Guyanese residents in the US, as well as supporting Guyanese nationals wishing to remigrate.
In addition to the Embassy in Washington, DC, there is a Consulate General in New York City and Honorary Consuls in Atlanta, Georgia; Miami, Florida; and Los Angeles, California.
# Ytre Sogn District Court

Ytre Sogn District Court (Norwegian: Ytre Sogn tingrett) was a district court in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway, based in the village of Høyanger. It existed from around 1630 until 2005. It had jurisdiction over the municipalities located in the areas surrounding the outer Sognefjorden. This included the municipalities of Gulen, Solund, Hyllestad, Høyanger, Balestrand, and Vik. Cases could be appealed to Gulating Court of Appeal.
This was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases, civil litigation and bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.
In 1591, the Sogn District Court was established when the district court system was implemented in Norway. Around 1630, is jurisdiction was split into Indre Sogn District Court in the east and Ytre Sogn District Court in the west. In 2005, it was closed and its jurisdictional areas were split up among other neighboring courts. The municipalities of Solund, Hyllestad, and Høyanger joined the newly created Fjordane District Court to the north. The municipalities of Balestrand and Vik merged with the Indre Sogn District Court to form the new Sogn District Court. The municipality of Gulen joined the Nordhordland District Court which was based in the neighboring Hordaland county to the south.
# B.B. (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
B.B. is the second studio album of French singer and actress Brigitte Bardot and was released in 1964.

## Track listing

* "Moi Je Joue"
* "Une Histoire De Plage"
* "Ça Pourrait Changer"
* "À La Fin De L'Été"
* "Ne Me Laisse Pas L'Aimer"
* "Maria Ninguem"
* "Je Danse Donc Je Suis"
* "Mélanie"
* "Ciel De Lit"
* "Un Jour Comme Un Autre"
* "Les Cheveux Dans Le Vent"
* "Jamais Trois Sans Quatre"
# Abdel Rahman Zuabi

Abdel Rahman Zuabi (Arabic: عبد الرحمن زعبي, Hebrew: עבד אלרחמן זועבי; November 19, 1932 – September 12, 2014) (also Abd-er-Rahman Zoabi) was an Israeli Arab judge. In 1999, he served as an Israeli Supreme Court justice.

## Biography

Abdel Rahman Zuabi was born in Sulam, a village in northern Israel near Afula. He studied law at the Tel Aviv School of Law and Economics (which would later become the law faculty of Tel Aviv University and completed his studies in 1958, becoming the first Arab to graduate from the institution. He was granted a license to practice law in 1960 and joined the law office of Moshe Amar. He worked as a lawyer in Haifa and Nazareth until 1978, when he was appointed a judge on the Nazareth District Court. He was a member of the Shamgar Commission, which investigated the 1994 Cave of the Patriarchs massacre in 1994.
In 1996, Zuabi was appointed deputy chief of the Nazareth District Court in 1996 and served in this position until 2002. On March 3, 1999, he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Israel for a nine-month term, becoming the first Arab justice to serve on the court. After his term ended, he returned to the Nazareth District Court until his retirement.
# Vochepshiy

Vochepshiy (Adyghe: Очэпщый; Russian: Вочепший, romanized: Vočepšij) is a rural locality (an aul) in the district of Teuchezhsky (Adyghe: Теуцожь Район) in the Republic of Adygea, Russia.
Vochepshiy is located on the Psekups River which flows into the Kuban's drainage basin near Krasnodar Reservoir, 95 kilometers (59 mi) north of Maykop, 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) to the east of Adygeysk, and about 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Krasnodar International Airport.
Vochepshiy is an Adyghe village and the residents are from different Adyghe families, specially the Pshedatok (Adyghe: Пщыдатыкъу), Kosho (Adyghe: Кушу), and Nakai (Adyghe: Нэхая) families.
# Extra role performance

Extra-role performance behaviours are certain behaviours of employees, which are not part of their formal job requirements as they cannot be prescribed or required in advance for a given job but they help in the smooth functioning of the organization as a social system. Some of the extra role performance behavior are: helping coworkers with a job related problem; accepting orders without fuss; tolerating temporary impositions without complaint; maintaining cleanliness and physical hygiene of the workplace; promoting a work climate that is tolerable and minimizes the distractions created by interpersonal conflict; and protecting and conserving organizational resources etc. (Bateman & Organ, 1983).

## Sources

* Bateman, Thomas S.; Dennis W. Organ (December 1983). "Job satisfaction and the good soldier: the relationship between affect and employee 'citizenship'". The Academy of Management Journal. 26 (4): 587–95. ISSN 0001-4273. JSTOR 255908.
# Armando Álvarez (footballer)

Armando Álvarez Álvarez (born 18 July 1970) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a right-back.

## Honours

Atlético Madrid
* Segunda División: 2001–02
# Hole-board test

The hole-board test (HBT) is an experimental method used in scientific research to measure anxiety, stress, neophilia and emotionality in animals. Because of its ability to measure multiple behaviors it is a popular test in behavioral pharmacology, but the results are controversial.

## Concept

The HBT was designed in the 1970s to mitigate the flaws of the open field test (OFT), another animal model that measures anxiety and exploratory behavior. Exploratory behavior requires a choice to be made to explore, but since the OFT is just simply a brightly lit area, the animal doesn't have a choice. The OFT also doesn't differentiate between locomotion and exploration.
The HBT apparatus is an area with walls around it to prevent escape. The floor of the area is covered with holes. Over the years the HBT apparatus has become more complex. Modern devices are now monitored by computer and have infrared beams.
The three common activities are head dipping, rearing, and locomotion. Head dipping is commonly defined as when the animal puts his head into the hole until its ears are level with the floor or in modern devices when it breaks the infrared beam. Rearing is when the animal stands on its hind legs. Locomotion is the animal moving to a different area with all four paws. If the animal moves into the central area it is as separate observation because the central area is the most threatening to animals. These three behaviors are exploratory and the more they occur, the less anxious the animal is. On the other hand, if the animal doesn't show these behaviors, then it is more anxious.

## Scientific procedure

The procedure of this experiment can be modified depending on the behavior being measured. To examine anxiety a single animal is placed in the apparatus for five minutes where it is observed and then removed. Another animal that has been injected with an anxiolytic agent is then placed in the apparatus and then observed. Increased dose of anxiolytics leads to sedation.
To observe neophilia and learning behavior, the test is typically done multiple times. As the tests go on, the number of head dipping decreases because the animal has now gotten used to the arena. These tests can also have objects in the area to promote exploratory behaviors. Animals in areas with objects showed increased locomotion compared to animals in arenas without objects.

## Controversy

Since the root cause of anxiety is idiopathic, animal models are difficult to create and therefore flawed. But because changes are seen through administration of anxiolytic agents, they are pharmacologically proven. The HBT studies show inconsistent results when administering known anti-anxiety medication such as benzodiazepines.
The HBT showing neophilia is also controversial. Since animals show decreased head dipping, scientists conclude that it is a result of the animal becoming less fearful. However other studies have shown that after the amount of time with decreased head dipping, head dipping actually starts to increase, meaning that animals might have gotten bored with the area and are now exploring the holes.
# Maurice B. Biscoe

Maurice Bigelow Biscoe (July 19, 1871 – December 29, 1953) was an American architect. He worked in New York and then moved to Denver, Colorado. He returned to the east to work in Boston. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics. A number of his works are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
He worked alone and in a partnership with Henry Harwood Hewitt (1874–1926).
Works include:
* Richthofen Castle, 7020 E 12th Ave, Montclair, Denver, Colorado, NRHP-listed
* Bemis Hall, 920 N. Cascade Ave., Colorado Springs, Colorado (Biscoe, Maurice B.), NRHP-listed
* George W. Clayton Trust and College, 3801 Martin Luther King Blvd., Denver, Colorado (Biscoe, Maurice B.), NRHP-listed
* Frederick H. Cossitt Memorial Hall, 906 N. Cascade Ave., Colorado Springs, Colorado (Biscoe, Maurice B.), NRHP-listed
* One or more works in Country Club Historic District, roughly bounded by 1st and 4th Aves., Race and Downing Sts., Denver, Colorado (Biscoe, Maurice), NRHP-listed
* Dickinson Branch Library, 1545 Hooker St., Denver, Colorado (Biscoe, Maurice), NRHP-listed
* Theodore W. Richards House, 15 Follen St., Cambridge, Massachusetts (Warren, Smith, & Biscoe), NRHP-listed
* Smyth Public Library, 194 High St., Candia, New Hampshire (Andrews, Jones, Biscoe & Whitmore), NRHP-listed
* Langford H. Warren House, 6 Garden Terr., Cambridge, Massachusetts (Warren, Smith & Biscoe), NRHP-listed
# Julius Bloch

Julius Thiengen Bloch (May 12, 1888 – August 22, 1966) was born in Kehl, Germany. His German Jewish family moved to the United States in 1893, settling in Philadelphia. A social realist painter, his work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1934, Eleanor Roosevelt purchased his oil painting The Young Worker in an exhibition of the Public Works of Art Project at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., for President Franklin D. Roosevelt's executive offices.
# Hubertus von Beyer

Hubertus von Beyer (26 March 1912 – 23 October 1974) was an Austrian writer. playwright, film script editor, and co-founder of the German Academy for Poetry and Language Arts in Darmstadt, Germany. His work was part of the literature event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Sinadil

Sinadil is a settlement in Oman, located on the northern edge of the Hajjar mountain range just south of the village of Sayh Mudayrah in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. It is 8 km to the west of Hatta in the direction of Hadf. Although Sinadil was originally part of Ajman, it was transferred to Oman in the 1980s.

## Geography

Sinadil is an old name referring to the triangular piece of land lying between Wadi Hadf and one of its distributaries. The gap through which the wadi exits the Hajjar mountains is 200 metres wide and known as the Sinadil gap. The area is good for agriculture and the wadis are used for irrigation. Agriculture ends about 1 km downstream. A deep gorge at Sinadil has running water most of the year and stretches some 300 meters and is 15 to 20 metres deep.
The Wadi Hadf at Sinadil is unique in that it flows both East to the Wadi Hatta and West to the Madam plain and Wadi Fayah, thereby creating a wadi that flows to the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman from a single point in the Hajar Mountains.

## Archaeology

Sinadil is the site of numerous ancient petroglyphs.
# 2013 Pakistani general election in Islamabad

General elections were held in Islamabad Capital Territory on Saturday 11 May 2013 to elect 2 member of National Assembly of Pakistan from Islamabad.
Pakistan Muslim League (N) and Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf won one seat each from Islamabad.

## Candidates

Total no of 77 Candidates including 43 Independents contested for 2 National Assembly Seats from Islamabad.
| No. | Constituency | Candidates | Candidates | Candidates | Candidates |
| No. | Constituency | PML-N | PML-N | PTI | PTI |
| 1 | NA-48 | | Anjum Aqeel Khan | | Javed Hashmi |
| 2 | NA-49 | | Tariq Fazal Chaudhry | | Ch Ilyas Meherban |

## Result

Vote Share of different parties in the election.
Seat Share of different parties in the election.
Party Wise
| Party | Party | Seats | Seats | Votes | Votes |
| Party | Party | Contested | Won | # | % |
| | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | 2 | 1 | 146,311 | 37.52 |
| | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | 2 | 1 | 131,261 | 33.66 |
| | Pakistan Peoples Party | 2 | 0 | 54,162 | 13.89 |
| | Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan | 2 | 0 | 35,016 | 8.97 |
| | Others & Independents | 69 | 0 | 20,803 | 5.33 |
| | Rejected | Rejected | 0 | 2,448 | 0.63 |
| Total | Total | 77 | 2 | 390,001 | 100.0 |

### Constituency wise

| No. | Constituency | Turnout | Elected Member | Party | Party | Runner-up | Party | Party | Win Margin (by votes) | Win Margin (by % votes) |
| 1 | NA-48 | 59.64 | Javed Hashmi | | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Anjum Aqeel Khan | | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | 21,673 | 12.44 |
| 2 | NA-49 | 64.56 | Tariq Fazal Chaudhry | | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Ch Ilyas Meherban | | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | 36,723 | 17.02 |

## By-Elections

Makhdoom Javed Hashmi Vacated his seat in Favor of NA-149 Multan. Asad Umar of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Won NA-48 by margin of 6,887 votes. Turn out was 32% which was low compared to 59.64% in General Elections.