OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tellus Institute

The Tellus Institute is an American non-profit organization established in 1976 with the aim of bringing scientific rigor and systemic vision to critical environmental and social issues. Tellus has conducted thousands of projects throughout the world, and now focuses on the global future and how to shape it.

## Background

The Tellus Institute was founded as a non-profit research organization in 1976 by Paul Raskin and colleagues to conduct research on resource and environmental policy. Initially called Energy Systems Research Group (ESRG), the institute adopted its current name in 1990 to reflect its expanding focus on social-ecological systems from local to global levels (Tellus was the name of the Roman Earth Goddess).
Tellus has partnered with hundreds of organizations, notably the Stockholm Environmental Institute, with which it coordinated programs from 1989 to 2006. The institute has conducted more than 3,500 studies worldwide. The methodology of Tellus projects has been the development of alternative scenarios of the future in order to identify and evaluate alternative paths of action. To that end, the institute developed a widely-used family of scenario planning tools, including the Long range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP), which facilitates energy-environment planning; the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP); and PoleStar, for comprehensive sustainability planning. These projects sought to develop an integrated perspective on issues such as energy, water, sustainable communities, corporate responsibility, and climate change. The Institute applied these tools in scores of countries over a 25-year period, before assigning further development and application to SEI-US.

## Research and programs

The question of the long-range global future theme has increasingly dominated Tellus’s work since the 1980s. In particular, the institute was active in developing integrated approaches and methods for exploring alternative climate change and sustainable development scenarios. Toward that end, Tellus convened the international and interdisciplinary Global Scenario Group to examine global scenarios for the twenty-first century, work that has been relied on in various UN reports and futures studies.
Building on this legacy, the institute has reframed its mission, focusing on research, scholarship, and network-building for advancing a just and sustainable planetary civilization. This “Great Transition” would entail a fundamental shift in human values and the ways we produce, consume, and live.
The institute’s flagship project is the Great Transition Initiative (GTI), which furthers the critical exploration of concepts, strategies, and visions for a transition to a future of enriched lives, human solidarity, and a resilient biosphere. The aim of the project is to enhance scholarly discourse and public awareness of global challenges, and to build an international community of thinkers and doers concerned with shaping a desirable global transformation.
# St Mary's Lifeboat Station

St Mary's Lifeboat Station is situated in St Mary's Harbour, Isles of Scilly and has been an important station for the Royal National Lifeboat Institution since the service began in 1837, however without a service between 1855 and 1874.

## History

A lifeboat station was provided in 1874 at a cost of £280 (equivalent to £32,800 in 2023). In 1899 this was replaced by a new station at Carn Thomas with a slipway, at a cost of £1,500 (equivalent to £213,300 in 2023). In 1902 the slipway was extended by 40 feet (12 m) by Robert Hicks to enable the lifeboat to be launched at any state of the tide.
The lifeboat house was adapted in 1914 to receive a new motor lifeboat, but this didn't arrive on the station until 1919.
Since the arrival of the Robert Edgar in 1981, the lifeboat has been moored in the harbour, rather than the lifeboat house.

## St Mary's lifeboats

| At St Mary's | ON | Op. No. | Name | Class | Comments |
| 1837–1839 | — | — | (no name) | Plenty | 20 ft (6.1 m) lifeboat, originally built for Brighton. |
| 1840–1855 | — | — | (no name) | Plenty | 26 ft (7.9 m) lifeboat, originally built for Plymouth. |
| 1874–1890 | — | — | Henry Dundas | Self-Righter | 37 feet (11 m) long, 9 feet (2.7 m) wide with rows of 12 oars, double-banked. Paid for by Mrs. S.J. Dundas. |
| 1890–1991 | 271 | — | Henry Dundas | Self-Righter | 42 ft 7 in (12.98 m) lifeboat. Later renamed Tom & Jenny. |
| 1891–1899 | 313 | — | Henry Dundas | Self-Righter | 38 feet (12 m) long and 8 feet (2.4 m) wide. |
| 1899–1919 | 434 | — | Henry Dundas | Watson | 38 ft (12 m) non-self-righting lifeboat. |
| 1919–1930 | 648 | — | Elsie | Watson | First motor lifeboat at station. 45 ft (14 m) long and 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) wide with a 60 BHP Tylor motor and Gardner reverse gear, giving a speed of 8 knots (9.2 mph; 15 km/h). |
| 1930–1953 | 728 | — | Cunard | Watson | 45 ft 6 in (13.87 m) motor lifeboat. Given by the Cunard Steamship Company. Two 40 hp engines giving a speed of 8.25 knots (9.49 mph; 15.28 km/h). Cost £8,500 (equivalent to £678,800 in 2023). |
| 1955–1981 | 926 | — | Guy and Clare Hunter | Watson | Last slipway launched boat. 46 ft 9 in (14.25 m) long, speed 8 knots (9.2 mph; 15 km/h). Cost £32,000 (equivalent to £1,060,400 in 2023). |
| 1981–1997 | 1073 | 52-18 | Robert Edgar | Arun | Sold in 2002 for use as a training boat in New Zealand. |
| 1997– | 1229 | 17-11 | The Whiteheads | Severn | |

## Awards

St Mary's Lifeboat has received fifty-six awards for gallantry, including 26 RNLI medals for bravery, comprising one gold, nine silver and 16 bronze. The most recent was in 2004 when bronze medals were awarded to Coxswain Andrew Howells and Crew Members Mark Bromham and Philip Roberts for the rescue of an injured man from a yacht on 29 October 2003.
# Obasogie

Obasogie is a Nigerian surname. It is a male name and of Benin origin.

## Notable individuals with the name

* Godwin Obasogie (born 1954), Nigerian Olympian hurdler
* Nekpen Obasogie, Nigerian writer
* Osagie Obasogie (born 1977), Nigerian-American bioethicist
# Studenec (Ljubljana)

Studenec (pronounced; German: Studenz, in older sources Kaltenbrunn) is a formerly independent settlement in the southeast part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It belongs to the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Studenec is a settlement that extends along a terrace north of the Ljubljanica River. The soil is gravelly. The houses extend along the road from Ljubljana to Zalog and onto the bank below the road toward the Ljubljanica.

## Name

In the local dialect, Studenec is known as Stədi̯ḁ̀nc. The name is derived from the Slovene common noun studenec 'small spring', referring to a local geological feature. In this case, the name derives from a spring located along the road in the settlement. In the past the German name was Studenz.

## History

During the construction of the Austrian Southern Railway, Urnfield culture artifacts were discovered in Studenec, testifying to early settlement of the area. In the first half of the 16th century, a district council with six halls belonging to the lesser nobility stood in Studenec. In 1875, at the initiative of the physician Karel Bleiweis (1834–1909), the Carniolan Assembly purchased the Krisper Menagerie (Slovene: Krisperjev zverinjak, German: Thiergarten) in the southern part of Studenec in order to build a psychiatric hospital. Construction began in 1881, and in 1887 two additional three-story buildings were added to the complex. On 12 September 1933 a passenger airplane crashed in Studenec with the loss of eight lives; the event is commemorated with a plaque. Studenec was annexed by the city of Ljubljana in 1982, ending its existence as an independent settlement.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Studenec include:
* Viktor Kocijančič (1901–1944), physician and journalist
# 719th Infantry Division

The 719th Infantry Division (German: 719. Infanterie Division) was a German Army division of World War II.
The division founded in early May 1941, spent most of World War II stationed in the Netherlands and Antwerp, and, after the Allied invasion of June 1944, fought in several defensive battles until being destroyed in April 1945.

## History

The Division was formed on 3 May 1941 as part of the fifteenth Aufstellungswelle. In an order dated 13 April 1941, each military district had been required to raise two regiment for a total of thirty. The 719th Division consisted of the two regiments raised in Wehrkreis III (Berlin). These were the Infantry Regiments 723 and 743. Like the other divisions of the fifteenth wave, the 719th division consisted of only two rather than three infantry regiments.
The 719th Division was transferred to occupation activity in the Netherlands. Until July 1942 the division was part of the Command of the German Troops in the Netherlands. In July 1942 it was transferred to LXXXVIII Korps, Niederlande Armee, Armeegruppe D. The LXXXVIII Korps was transferred to Armeegruppe B in May 1944. The division remained there until 7 September 1944 when it was transferred to Antwerp as part of the LXXXVIII Korps, 1. Fsch Armee, Armeegruppe B. This move was to prepare for the Allied advance. Within a month, the division was again transferred to LXVII Korps, 15. Armee, Armeegruppe B, active in the Netherlands. It fought at Fort Merksem, Woensdrecht, Breda before being transferred to the Saarpfalz region in February 1945. In the Saarpfalz, the division was a part of LXXXV Korps, 1. Armee, Armeegruppe G. It fought at Œting at Saarlautern and in the Palatinate region before being destroyed. It is possible that the Division zbV 405 a small unit (zbV, German zur besonderen Verwendung indicates a special purpose unit, often very small), may have been reformed as 719th Division. If so, this unit would have been too small and unorganized to have had any significance at the end of the war.
The remnants of the 719th surrendered to the United States Army in early May 1945 near Münsingen in Baden-Württemberg.

## Organization
### 1941

* Infanterie-Regiment 723
* Infanterie-Regiment 743
* Artillerie-Abteilung 663
* Aufklärungs-Kompanie 719
* Panzerjäger-Kompanie 719
* Pionier-Kompanie 719
* Nachrichten-Kompanie 719

### 1944

* Grenadier-Regiment 723
* Grenadier-Regiment 743
* Grenadier-Regiment 766
* Artillerie-Regiment 1719
* Divisions-Füsilier-Bataillon 719
* Panzerjäger-Abteilung 719
* Pionier-Bataillon 719
* Nachrichten-Abteiliung 719
* Sanitäts-Abteilung 719
* Feldersatz-Bataillon 719
# Valdivia (footballer, born 1992)

Caique Ferreira da Silva Leite (born October 23, 1992, in Rio de Janeiro), or simply Caique Valdivia, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a midfielder for ASA.

## Career

He moved to K League Classic side Seongnam FC on loan in 2014.
# Nastra julia

Nastra julia, the Julia's skipper, is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in North America from southern Texas to central Mexico.
The wingspan is 24–29 mm. Adults are on wing year-round in southern Texas and from April to October in the rest of the range.
The larvae feed on Cynodon dactylon. Adults feed on flower nectar.
# Boeing Condor

The Boeing Condor is a high-tech test-bed piston-engined aerial reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle with a wingspan of over 200 feet (61 m).
Carbon-fibre composite materials make up the bulk of the Condor's fuselage and wings. Although the Condor has a relatively low radar cross-section and infrared signature, it is not unobservable, making it too vulnerable for military use.
The Condor is completely robotic, with an onboard computer to communicate with the computers on the ground via satellite to control all facets of the Condor's missions. The Condor's frame is made of mainly carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composite, with very low radar and heat signatures.
The Condor had a 141-hour flight test program and first flew on 9 October 1988, with two built.
In 1989, the Condor set the world piston-powered aircraft altitude record of 67,028 ft (20,430 m) and was the first aircraft to fly a fully automated flight from takeoff to landing. It also set an unofficial endurance world record in 1988 by flying continuously for more than 50 hours, though the flight was not ratified by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) and is therefore not considered an official record.
During its evaluations, the Condor logged over 300 flight hours, flying over Moses Lake, Washington.

## Survivors

The first flight article is now on display in the Hiller Aviation Museum in San Carlos, California and the second is disassembled at the USAF Museum's restoration centre in Dayton OH.

## Specifications

Data from
General characteristics
* Capacity: 2,500 lb (1,100 kg)
* Length: 66 ft (20 m)
* Wingspan: 205 ft (62 m)
* Gross weight: 21,000 lb (9,525 kg)
* Max takeoff weight: 21,000 lb (9,525 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 12,000 lb (5,400 kg)
* Powerplant: 2 × Continental TSOL-300-2 turbo-charged 6-cyl liquid-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engines, 175 hp (130 kW) each props driven thru a 2 speed gear box changed gears at 42,000 ft (13,000 m)
* Propellers: 16-foot-diameter (4.9 m) 3-bladed composite propellers
Performance
* Maximum speed: 140 kn (160 mph, 260 km/h)
* Endurance: 161 hours +
* Service ceiling: 70,000 ft (20,500 m)
* Rate of climb: 2,010 ft/min (10.2 m/s)
* Lift-to-drag: 40:1 in cruising flight
# Malcolm Bruce Jackson

Malcolm Bruce Jackson (1872 – April 29, 1947) was a lawyer and political figure in British Columbia. He represented The Islands from 1916 to 1924 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Liberal.
He was born in Woodville, Ontario, of Scottish descent, and came to Winnipeg with his family in 1880. He was educated in Winnipeg and at the University of Manitoba. Jackson received a law degree in 1908. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Manitoba assembly in 1907 and in the Marquette federal riding in 1908. In 1909, he moved to Victoria and was admitted to the British Columbia bar. He was defeated in the 1912 provincial election when he ran as a Liberal in the Esquimalt riding. After serving two terms in the Legislature, Jackson was defeated when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1924 and again in 1928. Later in 1924, Jackson was named special counsel in the Janet Smith case. He served as chairman of the Game Conservation Board for British Columbia. Jackson died in Victoria.
His son Hugh Arthur Bruce Jackson died in France at the age of 19 during World War I.
# Boucheporn

Boucheporn (French pronunciation:; German: Buschborn) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

## Notable people

* Claude-François Bertrand de Boucheporn (1741-1794), intendant of the Ancien Régime
# Asadabad-e Chenar

Asadabad-e Chenar (Persian: اسدآباد چنار, also Romanized as Asadābād-e Chenār) is a village in Mirbag-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 116, in 20 families.
# Shib Deh

Shib Deh (Persian: شيب ده, also Romanized as Shīb Deh) is a village in Saghder Rural District, Jebalbarez District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 27, in 8 families.
# İkizler, Şirvan

İkizler (Kurdish: Beytarûn) is a village in the Şirvan District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Silokan tribe and had a population of 380 in 2021.
The hamlets of Nergiz and Saçayak are attached to İkizler.
# Jada Facer

Jada Mae Facer (born March 18, 2001) is an American actress and singer. She played the recurring role of Joe's daughter, Dani, on the sitcom Melissa & Joey from 2014 to 2015. She has a YouTube channel and as of October 21, 2023, she has over 154 million views and over 1 million subscribers.

## Life and career

Facer was born in St. George, Utah, where she first became interested in acting after failing to be cast in a local production of Annie and subsequently trying out for a New York City production. The family later moved to Los Angeles, where she signed with an agency.
Her first major role was in the TV movie Love's Christmas Journey in 2011, in which she played the role of Annabelle. For this role, she won the Young Artist Award for Best Leading Young Actress in a TV Movie, Miniseries or Special.
She was also nominated for the Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress Ten and Under in a Short Film for her performance in the 2012 short film Nina Del Tango.
From 2014 to 2015, Facer played Joe's daughter, Dani, on the ABC Family sitcom Melissa & Joey.
She has appeared on a number of other TV shows including ABC's Mistresses, CBS's Bad Teacher, and Nickelodeon's Henry Danger.
Facer is also a singer-songwriter, saying in 2015 that she was inspired by Taylor Swift.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011 | Love's Christmas Journey | Annabelle Davis | TV movie |
| 2013 | Beauty and the Least: The Misadventures of Ben Banks | Mormon Girl | uncredited |
| 2012 | One Bad Thing | Katie | Short |
| 2012 | Niña del Tango | Lucy Bird | Short |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2014 | Mistresses | Peyton | Episode: "i want to kms" |
| 2014–2015 | Melissa & Joey | Dani | Recurring role (seasons 3–4), 10 episodes |
| 2015 | Henry Danger | Courtney Sham | Episode: "Jasper's Real Girlfriend" |
| 2016 | The Thundermans | Candi Falconman | Episode: "Thundermans: Banished!" |
| 2017 | The Mick | Olivia | Episode: "The Sleepover" |

## Personal life

Her older brother is Kyson Facer from Nickelodeon's I Am Frankie.
# Niedervisse

Niedervisse (French pronunciation:; German: Niederwiese) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The similarly named commune Obervisse lies 2 km to the southeast.
# Khoshk Chal

Khoshk Chal (Persian: خشكچال) is a village in Alamut-e Bala Rural District of Rudbar-e Alamut-e Sharqi District, Qazvin County, Qazvin province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 200 in 60 households. The following census in 2011 counted 334 people in 119 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 520 people in 171 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1964

Yugoslavia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1964 with the song "Život je sklopio krug" (Живот је склопио круг), composed by Srđan Matijević, with lyrics by Stevan Raičković, and performed by Sabahudin Kurt. The Yugoslavian participating broadcaster, Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija (JRT), selected its entry through Jugovizija 1964.

## Before Eurovision
### Jugovizija 1964

The Yugoslav national final to select their entry, was held on 5 February at the Delavski Dom in Trbovlje, hosted by Helena Koder. There were 8 songs in the final, each from the four subnational public broadcasters: RTV Ljubljana, RTV Zagreb, RTV Belgrade, and RTV Sarajevo. The winner was chosen by the votes of an eight-member jury of experts, one juror for each of the six republics and the two autonomous provinces. At the end of the contest, there was a tie between Sabahudin Kurt's song "Život je sklopio krug" and Marjana Deržaj's "Zlati April". Since the Bosnian singer Sabahudin Kurt and his song received more top marks than Marjana Deržaj's, it was chosen as the winner. "Život je sklopio krug" was written by Srđan Matijević and Stevan Raičković.
Final – 6 February 1964 :
| Draw | Broadcaster | Artist | Song | Points | Place |
| 1 | RTV Sarajevo | Boško Orobović | "Veče" | 5 | 5 |
| 2 | RTV Belgrade | Krsta Petrović | "Oka tvog da nema" | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | RTV Ljubljana | Stane Mancini | "Kakor bela snežinka" | 3 | 6 |
| 4 | RTV Zagreb | Ivo Robić | "Njen prvi ples" | 0 | 8 |
| 5 | RTV Sarajevo | Sabahudin Kurt | "Život je sklopio krug" | 21 | 1 |
| 6 | RTV Belgrade | Lola Novaković | "Tragom zvezda" | 8 | 4 |
| 7 | RTV Ljubljana | Marjana Deržaj | "Zlati April" | 21 | 2 |
| 8 | RTV Zagreb | Arsen Dedić | "Odluči se" | 13 | 3 |

## At Eurovision

Sabahudin Kurt performed 13th on the night of the Contest following Italy and preceding Switzerland. At the close of the voting the song had received 0 points (nul points), sharing 13th (last) place in the field of 16 competing countries.

### Voting

Yugoslavia did not receive any points at the 1964 Eurovision Song Contest.
# Joe Fitzgerald (American football)

Joseph Morris Fitzgerald (March 6, 1899 – March 1, 1978) was an American football player. He played at the end position for the 1920 Detroit Heralds during the first regular season of the NFL (then known as the American Professional Football Association). He was the first player in NFL history to return an interception for a touchdown, and he was the Heralds' leading scorer in 1920 with 12 points on two touchdowns.

## Early life

Fitzgerald was born in 1899 in Detroit, Michigan. His father was Andrew Fitzgerald, an immigrant from Canada. His mother, Anna, was also an immigrant from Canada. In 1910, Fitzgerald was living with his parents and five siblings at Charlevoix, Michigan, where his father was a laborer in a gravel pit.
Fitzgerald attended Detroit's Western High School, and in 1918 he was employed by the Checker National Biscuit Co. in Detroit.

## Professional career

In 1920, Fitzgerald played for the Detroit Heralds during the first regular season of the National Football League (then known as the American Professional Football Association). The Heralds opened their season with a game against the Cleveland Panthers, played at Navin Field on October 10, 1920. The Heralds won by a 40-14 score, and Fitzgerald, the Heralds' substitute left end, scored the team's fourth touchdown.
On October 24, 1920, Fitzgerald appeared in the Heralds' game against the Columbus Panhandles as the team's starting left end. Fitzgerald scored the only points of the game, as he intercepted a pass from Frank Nesser and returned it 85 yards for a touchdown. Fitzgerald's score against Columbus was the first interception return for a touchdown in NFL history.
With 12 points on two touchdowns, Fitzgerald was the leading scorer on the 1920 Heralds team.

## Later life

In his later years, Fitzgerald lived in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He died there in 1978 at age 78. He was buried at the Resurrection Cemetery in Wyoming, Michigan.
# Curtis L. Meinert

Curtis Lynea Meinert (June 30, 1934 – June 13, 2023) was an American clinical trialist. He was a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

## Life

Meinert was born on June 30, 1934, on a farm outside Sleepy Eye, Minnesota. His parents were Mabel Eleanor Christensen and Arthur August Edward Meinert. He was raised in rural Minnesota. He completed a B.A. in psychology from the University of Minnesota in 1956. He earned a doctor of philosophy in statistics at University of Minnesota in 1964. His dissertation was titled Quantitation of the isotope displacement of immunoassay of insulin. His advisor was Richard B. McHugh.
Meinert was the head of a clinical trial coordinating center at University of Maryland. Meinert researched randomized clinical trials for AIDS, cardiovascular diseases, and asthma. He was a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics and the inaugural director of the Center for Clinical Trials at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
In 1979, Meinert was elected a fellow of the American College of Epidemiology. In 1995, he was elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was a 2001 Fellow of the American Heart Association. In 2006, he was elected a fellow of the Society for Clinical Trials. In 2005, Johns Hopkins University established the professorship, Curtis L. Meinert Professor of Clinical Trials.
Meinert married Susan J. Matson on June 22, 1957. They had three daughters. He died on June 13, 2023, at the age of 88.