# Bara District

Bara District (Nepali: बारा जिल्ला Listen) is one of the seventy–seven districts of Nepal, located in the western part of the Madhesh Province. The district is third richest district in Nepal after Kathmandu and Morang with 3.3% share of total GDP of Nepal and highest per capita income in Madhesh province. Kalaiya serves as the district's headquarter. Bakaiya, Jamuniya, Pasaha, Dudhaura and Bangari are the main rivers of Bara. The main languages spoken in the district are Bhojpuri, Tharu, Bajjika, and Nepali.

## History

Simraungadh is major part of Bara district. It is a historical place in Nepal and famous for agricultural products. Here people grow wheat, maize, and various green vegetables (cauliflower, tomato, banana (raw), beetroot, bitter gourd, bottle gourd, brinjal, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, chilli (green), chilli (dry red), coriander leaves, cucumber, potato and so on).
Bara district is famous for the Gadhimai Temple, particularly as every five years it celebrates the Gadhimai Mela. This festival has historically been celebrated every 5 years by sacrificing animals. In the future animal sacrifice will no longer occur, as temple authorities have decided to convert the festival into a "momentous celebration of life."

## Geography and climate

| Climate Zone | Elevation Range | % of Area |
| Lower Tropical | below 300 meters (1,000 ft) | 86.6% |
| Upper Tropical | 300 to 1,000 meters 1,000 to 3,300 ft. | 13.4% |
The district is surrounded by Parsa district in the west, Rautahat district in the east, Makwanpur district of Bagmati province in the north and Indian state of Bihar in the south. It covers an area of 1,190 km$^2$ (460 sq mi).

## Demographics

At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Bara District had a population of 763,137. Of these, 73.9% spoke Bhojpuri, 8.6% Tharu, 8.6% Nepali, 3.3% Tamang, 2.1% Urdu, 1.7% Bajjika, 0.4% Magar, 0.4% Maithili, 0.3% Newar, and 0.1% other languages as their first language.
Ethnicity/caste: 14.4% were Musalman, 10.2% Tharu, 11% Yadav, 4.9% Kanu, 4.5% Koiri/Kushwaha, 4.6% Chamar/Harijan/Ram, 4.3% Hill Brahmin, 4.1% Teli, 4.0% Tamang, 3.9% Kurmi, 3.1% Dusadh/Paswan/Pasi, 3.0% Kalwar, 2.9% Dhanuk, 2.7% Chhetri, 2.5% Mallaha, 1.6% Bin, 1.5% Kumhar, 1.4% Musahar, 1.4% Nuniya, 1.2% Dhobi, 1.2% Hajam/Thakur, 1.1% Lohar, 1.1% Sonar, 1.0% Magar, 0.9% Tatma/Tatwa, 0.8% Baraee, 0.8% Newar, 0.7% Kathabaniyan, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.5% Terai Brahmin, 0.5% Danuwar, 0.5% Kumal, 0.5% other Terai, 0.4% Kami, 0.4% Rajput, 0.2% Badhaee, 0.2% Dhunia, 0.2% Gaderi/Bhedihar, 0.2% Kahar, 0.2% Kayastha, 0.2% Majhi, 0.2% Mali, 0.2% Rai, 0.2% Yakkha, 0.1% Bantar/Sardar, 0.1% Bengali, 0.1% other Dalit, 0.1% Damai/Dholi, 0.1% Dom, 0.1% Gurung, 0.1% Jhangad/Dhagar, 0.1% Kewat, 0.1% Marwadi, 0.1% Natuwa, 0.1% Rajbhar, 0.1% Sarki, 0.1% Thakuri and 0.1% others.
Religion: 80.9% were Hindu, 14.7% Muslim, 4.1% Buddhist, 0.3% Christian, 0.04% Kirati, 0.01% Prakriti and 0.3% others.
Literacy: 51.8% could read and write, 3.0% could only read and 45.1% could neither read nor write.
Religion in Bara District (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 82% | 82% |
| Islam | Islam | 13% | 13% |
| Buddhism | Buddhism | 4% | 4% |
| Others | Others | 1% | 1% |
Historical population :
| census year | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
| Pop. | 318,957 | 415,718 | 559,135 | 687,708 | 743,975 |
| ±% p.a. | — | +2.68% | +3.01% | +2.09% | +0.79% |
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. ||||||
| Source: Citypopulation ||||||
According to the preliminary 2021 census, Bara district has a total population of 743,975. The population according to 2011 census was 687,708. Between 2011 and 2021, the population growth rate was 0.75%, the 32nd highest in the country. There are 112,329 households in the districts and 134,390 families in this district. The population density is 625 people per sq. kilometers and the average family size is 5.54.
The gender ratio of the district is 104.51 with 380,192 males and 363,783 females.
Language in Bara District (2021)

## Administration

The district consists of two sub– metropolitan cities five urban municipalities and nine rural municipalities. These are as follows:
* Kalaiya Sub– Metropolitan City
* Jeetpur Simara Sub– Metropolitan City
* Kolhabi Municipality
* Nijgadh Municipality
* Mahagadhimai Municipality
* Simraungadh Municipality
* Pacharauta Municipality
* Pheta Rural Municipality
* Bishrampur Rural Municipality
* Prasauni Rural Municipality
* Adarsh Kotwal Rural Municipality
* Karaiyamai Rural Municipality
* Devtal Rural Municipality
* Parwanipur Rural Municipality
* Baragadhi Rural Municipality
* Suwarna Rural Municipality

### Former municipalities and village development committees

Prior to the restructuring of the district, Bara consisted of the following municipalities and village development committees:
* Amarpatti
* Amlekhganj
* Amritganj
* Avab
* Gadhimai
* Babuain
* Bachhanpurwa
* Badaki Fulbariya
* Bagadi
* Bahuari
* Balirampur
* Baghwan
* Banjariya
* Barainiya
* Barawa
* Bariyarpur
* Basantpur
* Batara
* Beldari
* Benauli
* Bhagwanpur
* Bhaluwai Arwaliya
* Bhatauda
* Bhaudaha
* Bhuluhi Marwaliya
* Bishnupur
* Bishnupurwa
* Bishrampur
* Biswambharpur
* Brahmapuri
* Buniyad
* Chhata Pipra
* Chhatawa
* Dahiyar
* Dewapur
* Dharma Nagar
* Dohari
* Dumbarwana
* Gadhahal
* Ganj Bhawanipur
* Golaganj
* Haraiya
* Hardiya
* Hariharpur
* Inarwamal
* Inarwasira
* Itiyahi
* Jhitakaiya
* Jitpur Bhawanipur
* Kabahigoth
* Kabahijabdi
* Kachorwa
* Kakadi
* Kalaiya
* Karahiya
* Khopawa
* Khutwajabdi
* Kolhabi
* Kudawa
* Lakshmipur Kotwali
* Lipanimal
* Madhurijabdi
* Mahendra Adarsha
* Maheshpur
* Maini
* Majhariya
* Manaharwa
* Matiarwa
* Motisar
* Naktuwa
* Narahi
* Nijgadh
* Pakadiya Chikani
* Parsurampur
* Paterwa
* Patharhati
* Pathlaiya
* Pathara
* Phattepur
* Pheta
* Piparpati Ek
* Piparpati Dui
* Piparpati Jabdi
* Piparpati Pacharauta
* Pipra Basantapur
* Piprabirta
* Pipradhi Goth
* Prasauni
* Prasona
* Prastoka
* Purainiya
* Raghunathpur
* Rampur Tokani
* Rampurwa
* Rauwahi
* Sapahi
* Srinagar Bairiya
* Sihorwa
* Sinhasani
* Sisahaniya
* Tedhakatti
* Telkuwa
* Terariya
* Uchidiha
* Umarjan

### Villages

* Khajani

## Education

Symbiosis Institute of Management (SIM) is situated in district headquarter, Kalaiya which is committed for quality education in Commerce and Education.

## Notable people

* Umakanta Chaudhary – Deputy General Secretary of Nepali Congress and former Minister for Labour and Employment
* Mukunda Neupane – Senior leader of CPN (Unified Socialist) and Member of House of Representatives
* Farmullah Mansoor – Deputy General Secretary of Nepali Congress and former Minister for Labour and Employment