OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pierre-Calixte Neault

Pierre-Calixte Neault (December 26, 1860 – August 30, 1924) was a politician Quebec, Canada and a two-term Member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec (MLA).

## Early life

He was born on December 26, 1860, in Saint-Maurice, Mauricie.

## City Politics

He served as Mayor of Grand-Mère from 1910 to 1916 and in 1919 and 1920.

## Member of the legislature

Neault ran as a Liberal candidate in the district of in the provincial district of Champlain in 1900 and won. He was re-elected in 1904 and 1908.
He lost re-election in 1912, against Conservative candidate Joseph-Arthur Labissonnière.

## Death

He died on August 30, 1924, in Grand-Mère.
# Vladimír Nadrchal

Vladimír Nadrchal (born 4 March 1938) is an ice hockey player who played for the Czechoslovak national team. He won a bronze medal at the 1964 Winter Olympics, and a silver medal at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
# Vestibulectomy

A vestibulectomy is a gynecological surgical procedure that can be used to treat vulvar pain, specifically in cases of provoked vestibulodynia. Vestibulodynia (vulvar vestibulitis) is a chronic pain syndrome that is a subtype of localized vulvodynia where chronic pain and irritation is present in the vulval vestibule, which is near the entrance of the vagina. Vestibulectomy may be partial or complete.
Vulvar vestibulectomy is primarily supported as an intervention for people who suffer from provoked vestibulodynia, which causes sexual pain to women. It is not indicated as appropriate for people living with generalized vulvar pain disorders and non-provoked vestibulodynia.
Vestibulectomy is not considered a first-line treatment option for provoked vestibulodynia, but it is considered an effective treatment for the long-run and has recorded high levels of satisfaction from the patients. One review found that significant pain relief was reported by 79% of patients.

## Procedure

The surgery takes place below the urinary meatus, down to the border of the perineal area and includes the fourchette. Incisions are made on each side adjacent and parallel to the labia minora. The structures removed are the hymen, mucous membrane, Bartholin glands ducts and minor vestibular glands. In some surgeries, the amount of tissue removed is not so extensive. Vaginal mucosa tissue remains attached and then is pulled downward to cover the area where tissue was removed. This surgery is also used to treat lichen sclerosus. "The complete surgery removes the entire lateral hymenal tissues to the lateral vestibular walls at Hart’s line, and involves removal of the entire posterior fourchette from the posterior hymenal remnants down to the perineum" which barring complications, enables the entire procedure to be over within an hour.
The procedure involves minimal bleeding and is usually done under spinal or general anesthesia. The amount of tissue removed during the surgery can vary with respect to the pain.

## Complications

Complications related to vestibulectomy include bleeding and infection. Long-term complications can be weakness of the anal muscles, cosmetic changes, development of a Bartholin's cyst, or a decline in vaginal lubrication. Reports of satisfaction with the outcome of the surgical procedure can be as high as 90%.
The procedure has been known to be unsuccessful in rare cases, where the pain remained constant even after surgery. In such cases, alternative treatments like oral medicines or more surgeries may be considered, depending on the severity of the persisting pain.

## Recovery

The recovery period is about 6–12 weeks, depending on the amount of vulvar tissues removed. Post-surgery, the patient might need further physical and possible mental therapy to avoid scarring and lead a regular sexual life.

## Epidemiology

In a study done in 2006, it was discovered that 93% of patients who had undergone the surgery recommended it for vulvar pain. Only 11% of women continued to have issues in their sex lives post-surgery.
# Qasemabad, Miyan Jolgeh

Qasemabad (Persian: قاسماباد, also Romanized as Qāsemābād and Qāsimābād) is a village in Eshqabad Rural District, Miyan Jolgeh District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 879, in 225 families.
# Odd Fellows Hall (New York City)

The Odd Fellows Hall is a building at 165–171 Grand Street between Centre and Baxter Streets, in the Little Italy and SoHo neighborhoods of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1847–1848 and designed by the firm of Trench & Snook in the Italianate style, one of the city's earliest structures in this style, which Joseph Trench had brought to New York with his design for 280 Broadway in 1845. His partner, John B. Snook, was responsible for many cast-iron buildings in SoHo. The mansard roof was an addition, designed by John Buckingham and built in 1881–1882. The Independent Order of Odd Fellows used the building until the 1880s, when they moved uptown with the city's population. The building was afterwards converted for commercial and industrial use.
The building was designated a New York City landmark in 1982, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Choqa Kabud, Kermanshah

Choqa Kabud (Kurdish: چیاکه‌و ,Çîya Kew, Persian: چقاكبود, romanized: Choqā Kabūd or Cheqā Kabūd; also known as Chīa Kabūd) is a village in Baladarband Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 135, in 34 families.
# Egg of Columbus

An egg of Columbus or Columbus's egg (Italian: uovo di Colombo) refers to a seemingly impossible task that becomes easy once understood. The expression refers to an apocryphal story, dating from at least the 16th century, in which it is said that Christopher Columbus, having been told that finding a new trade route was inevitable and no great accomplishment, challenges his critics to make an egg stand on its tip. After his challengers give up, Columbus does it himself by tapping the egg on the table to flatten its tip.
The story is often alluded to when discussing creativity. The term has also been used as the trade name of a tangram puzzle and several mechanical puzzles.

## Source of the story

The Columbus egg story may have originated with Italian historian and traveler Girolamo Benzoni. In his book History of the New World, published in 1565, he wrote:
The factual accuracy of this story is called into question by its similarity to another tale published fifteen years earlier (while Benzoni was still travelling in the Americas) by painter and architect Giorgio Vasari. According to Vasari, the young Italian architect Filippo Brunelleschi had designed an unusually large and heavy dome for Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, Italy. City officials had asked to see his model, but he refused, proposing instead:
When the church was finally built it had the shape of half an egg slightly flattened at the top.
# Badam Gerdaki

Badam Gerdaki (Persian: بادام گردكي, also Romanized as Bādām Gerdakī) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 60, in 9 families.
# Mesut Ünal

Mesut Ünal (born 3 April 1973) is a Turkish former footballer who played as a centre-back, best known for his Süper Lig stints with Bursaspor and Sakaryaspor.

## Club career

A youth product of Bursaspor, Ünal made his professional debut with Bursaspor in a 1–0 Süper Lig loss to Zeytinburnuspor on 14 November 1993. He had several spells with Bursaspor throughout his career, and also spent time with Sakaryaspor.

## International career

Ünal made one appearance with the Turkey U21s in a 1996 UEFA European Under-21 Championship 2-0 qualification win over Switzerland U21 on 24 April 1995.

## Personal life

Mesut's son, Enes Ünal, is also a professional footballer and international for Turkey.
# Haboudange

Haboudange (French pronunciation:; German: Habudingen) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Eroica Trio

The Eroica Trio is an American piano trio consisting of Erika Nickrenz, piano; Sara Parkins, violin; and Sara Sant'Ambrogio, cello.
The trio take their name from Beethoven's Eroica Symphony. They have toured and recorded widely, and released six recordings for Angel/EMI Classics Records, garnering multiple Grammy Award nominations.
The founding members of the trio were Nickrenz, Sant'Ambrogio, and Adela Peña. They were all trained at the Juilliard School. In addition to being accomplished musicians, the Eroica Trio have attracted attention in the chamber music world from some as physically attractive, stylishly dressed women.
The trio took first prize in the prestigious Walter W. Naumburg Chamber Music Competition in 1991. Their first compact disc recording Eroica Trio won National Public Radio's 1997 Performance Today Award for "Debut Recording of the Year."
In addition to touring with a varied piano trio repertoire, the Eroica Trio often appear in concert with major orchestras performing the Beethoven Triple Concerto.
The Eroica Trio commissioned a triple concerto by American composer Kevin Kaska. It was premiered by the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra in November 2001. They have also commissioned several works from American composer Bruce Wolosoff, including "The Loom," inspired by the watercolors of Eric Fischl; that work was released on the Montage Music Society's album Creating Music Inspired by Visual Art.
# Efremov family

The Efremov family (Russian: Ефремов, sometimes transliterated as Yefremov) were a Russian noble family of Don Cossacks origin.

## History

Earliest reference date back to 1670, with Efrem Petrov from the area of Oryol being the oldest of known ancestors. He went to Cherkassk around 1670 as a merchant, and was an Ataman of Don Cossacks in 1702–1705. He was murdered by Kondraty Bulavin during the Bulavin Rebellion. Efremov were among the most prominent and rich families of the Don Cossack Host.

## Notable members

* Danielo Efremov (? — 1760) — Ataman of Don Cassacks in 1738 - 1753. Danielo was a Don Cossacks Military Ataman in the Great Northern War and the Seven Years' War
* Stepan Efremov (? — 1774) — Ataman of Don Cassacks in 1753 - 1772.
# Arthur Smith (rugby league)

Arthur Smith was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s. He played at club level for Warrington, as a centre.

## Playing career
### Club career

Arthur Smith made his début for Warrington in the 0-35 defeat by Barrow at Craven Park, Barrow on Saturday 24 November 1923, and he played his last match for Warrington on Saturday 12 January 1924.
# Cecil Mercer (politician)

Cecil George Mercer was an Ontario political figure. He represented Durham in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1937 to 1943 as a Liberal member.
# Tirnan

Tirnan (Persian: تيرنان, also Romanized as Tīrnān) is a village in Zaz-e Sharqi Rural District, Zaz va Mahru District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 19, in 4 families.
# Michel Rosenfeld

Michel Rosenfeld (born 5 July 1948) is University Professor of Law and Comparative Democracy, the Justice Sydney L. Robins Professor of Human Rights and Director, Program on Global and Comparative Constitutional Theory at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law of Yeshiva University.
Rosenfeld has been at Cardozo since 1988 and teaches courses in Comparative Constitutionalism, Constitutional Law I, Constitutional Law II, Constitutional Interpretation, Constitutionalism and Democracy in an Age of Globalization and Privatization, Liberalism and its Critics and Concepts of Justice. He obtained his Juris Doctor degree from Northwestern University in 1974, and received his B.A. (1969), M.A. (1971), M.Phil. (1978) and Ph.D. in Philosophy (1991) from Columbia University.
He is the author of several books, including Affirmative Action and Justice: A Philosophical and Constitutional Inquiry, Just Interpretations: Law Between Ethics and Politics, The Identity of the Constitutional Subject: Selfhood, Citizenship, Culture and Community and "Law, Justice, Democracy and the Clash of Cultures: A Pluralist Account", a co-author of Comparative Constitutionalism: Cases and Materials, and a co-editor of Deconstruction and the Possibility of Justice", "Habermas on Law and Democracy: Critical Exchanges", "The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Constitutional Law" and "Constitutional Secularism in an Age of Religious Revival". He has been the President of the International Association of Constitutional Law (1999-2004) and Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Constitutional Law (2001-2014). He was awarded the French Legion of Honor in 2004, named to a 2007-2008 Blaise Pascal Excellence Research Chair, the Fresco Chair in Jurisprudence at the University of Genoa, Italy (2007), The Chaim Perelman Chair in Legal Philosophy at the Free University in Brussels, Belgium (2011), the Fulbright-Tocqueville Distinguished Chair at the University of Paris I (Pantheon-Sorbonne) (2013), and the Leverhulme Visiting Professorship at the Birkbeck School of Law of the University of London (2014).
# Rouhling

Rouhling (French pronunciation:; German: Ruhlingen) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Lezey

Lezey (French pronunciation:; German: Litzingen) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Doctor of Medicine in Ayurveda

The Doctor of Medicine in Ayurveda (MD Ayurveda) or Ayurveda Vachaspati is a three-year masters-level course in the alternative medical system of Ayurveda. It is offered in some medical colleges in India and Sri Lanka. Selection to the course is generally done by a competitive national-level written entrance examination known as the All India AYUSH Post Graduate Entrance Test (AIAPGET), which is open to candidates with a Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine, and Surgery.
Courses within the program include Ayurvedic medical jurisprudence, toxicology, pediatrics, internal medicine, pathology, anatomy, physiology, gynaecology, obstetrics, surgery, otorhinolaryngology, and ophthalmology.
# Che Holloway

Chequan Tyreek Holloway (born August 5, 1990) is an American actor known for his three-season stint as Officer Amir Johnson in the comedy web series Dark Justice.

## Early life and education

Holloway was born August 5, 1990, in the city of Rochester, New York.
In his teen years, Holloway majored in acting at Rochester's School of The Arts and attended the Geva Theatre Center's Summer acting academy for two sessions in 2007 and 2009. As a college student, he attended New York City's American Musical and Dramatic Academy from 2010-2011.

## Acting career

Holloways break role happened in 2012 when he co-starred in an episode of the Oprah Winfrey Network show Unfaithful: Stories of Betrayal, where he played Kacey, half of a married couple struggling to save their relationship after it's jeopardized by infidelity. Afterward, Holloway appeared on stage in roles such as that of Tom Robinson in a stage adaptation of Harper Lee's classic To Kill A Mockingbird at the Bristol Valley Theatre in Naples, New York. Holloway has starred in multiple web series including his role as a reformed criminal forced to keep his family afloat by taking on a potentially fatal last job in the 2014 crime drama short PRESSURE, directed by Reginald Altidor.
In 2016, Holloway started the first of a three-season run on the social issues-focused satire Dark Justice, written and created by Mike Gerbino where he appeared as Amir Johnson, who as the only Black cop on an all-white local police force deals with its inherent racial discrimination while trying to serve and protect his community. Holloway's performance in the series earned him a nomination for Best Actor at the ROC Awards.
# Piluiyeh

Piluiyeh (Persian: پيلوئيه, also Romanized as Pīlū’īyeh) is a village in Sarduiyeh Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20, in 5 families.
# Alfredo Serranti

Alfredo Serranti (Rome, 25 May 1896 – Culqualber Pass, 21 November 1941) was an officer in the Royal Italian Army during World War II. He was killed in action during the battle of Culqualber and posthumously awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valor.

## Biography

He was born in Rome on May 25, 1896, the son of Angelo Serranti and Celeste Boni, and after graduating as an accountant at the local "Leonardo da Vinci" Technical Institute, in 1915 he enlisted as a volunteer in the Royal Italian Army, as an artillery officer. He fought during the First World War with the 26th Field Artillery Regiment, distinguishing himself on Monte Sabotino in September 1917 and on Montello in June 1918, actions for which he was awarded two bronze medals for military valor. By the end of the war he had been promoted to lieutenant.
In 1920, at his request, he was transferred to the Carabinieri corps, assigned to the Legion of Bologna. In 1924 he was again transferred to the Royal Colonial Corps of Tripolitania, being promoted to captain in 1931, after which he returned to Italy, initially serving in the Carabinieri Legion of Rome and then in that of Palermo, where he remained until 1936. At the outbreak of the war with Ethiopia he was transferred to Somalia and assigned to the Carabinieri truck-mounted bands, distinguishing himself in the battle of Gunu Gadu (Ogaden) in April 1936, where he was decorated with his third bronze medal for military valor for the courage shown in the fighting. He was promoted to major in 1938 and stationed in Ethiopia, and upon Italy's entry into World War II, on 10 June 1940, he assumed command of the Carabinieri Group of Gondar, later renamed 1st Mobilized Carabinieri Group, consisting of seven officers, 219 Italian non-commissioned officers and Carabinieri, and 180 native Zaptié.
From 6 August 1941 his group was assigned, by order of General Guglielmo Nasi, to the defense of the stronghold of Culqualber Pass, whose fall would have resulted in the fall of Gondar. The situation in Culqualber had become critical due to the shortage of food, water and weapons and means, caused by the Anglo-Ethiopian siege. In the middle of October British attacks on Culqualber intensified, involving the sectors defended by the Carabinieri Group. The Carabinieri carried out several sorties against the positions held by the British, capturing weapons and food necessary for their survival; on 18 October Serranti personally led a raid on an Allied encampment at Amba Mariam, overrunning the camp with a surprise bayonet charge and then withdrawing with captured equipment and supplies. On November 13, the carabinieri repelled a heavy attack by Ethiopian irregulars. The final Anglo-Ethiopian attack started at 03:00 on 21 November, with the support of tanks, artillery and aircraft; Major Serranti participated in the fighting on the frontline and led a counterattack attempt until he was killed by a bayonet blow to the abdomen. Culqualber fell in the afternoon. Serranti was posthumously awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valor.
# Tamil New Zealanders

Tamil New Zealanders are New Zealand citizens and residents of Tamil ethnicity or ancestry. An estimated number of 3000 Tamils currently reside in the country. In the 2013 New Zealand census, there were 303 Indian Tamils and 732 Sri Lankan Tamils who were usually residents.

## Notable Tamil New Zealanders

* Brannavan Gnanalingam - Novelist and film critic
* Sabby Jey- Model and Actress
* Ahi Karunaharan - Actor, Writer, Director, Musician and Producer
* Mayu Pasupati, Jaffna-born New Zealand cricketer
* Vanushi Walters - Human rights activist, lawyer, and politician

## Tamil Societies

* Canterbury TAMIL Society
* Wellington Tamil Society Inc
* Wellington Muthamizh Sangam
* New Zealand Tamil Society
* Auckland Tamil Association Inc
* Dunedin Tamil Society
* Muth Tamil Sangam Inc.
* Tamil Society Waikato Incorporated
# Charles Anderson (Canadian politician)

Charles N. Anderson (January 14, 1858 – June 8, 1939) was an Ontario physician and political figure. He represented Essex South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1908 to 1914.
He was born in Stephen Township, Huron County, Canada West, the son of James Anderson, and attended school in Leamington. He taught school in Tilbury West Township for several years, went on to study medicine at Trinity College and set up practice in Comber. He served on the public school board there and also served as medical health officer for the town. In 1890, he married Libbie Smith. In 1903, Anderson returned to Leamington. He died at Windsor on June 8, 1939.
# Shor Shor, Razavi Khorasan

Shor Shor (Persian: شرشر, also Romanized as Shar Shar) is a village in Kenevist Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 463, in 108 families.
# Philousa Kelokedharon

Philousa Kelokedharon (Greek: Φιλούσα Κελοκεδάρων) is a village in the Paphos District of Cyprus, located 4 km east of Arminou. The village of Filousa Kelokedaron is located in the province of Pafos. It is 40 km from the cities of Pafos and Limassol. Filousa Kelokedaron is one of the first villages of the Darizou valley, 15 km southwest of Platres, in the area of Omodos - Arsos. It is adjacent to the villages of Pretori, Kedares and Agios Nikolaos.

## Topography

Located at an altitude of 590 meters in the Diarizos valley.
# Rimaleh

Rimaleh (Persian: ريمله, also Romanized as Rīmaleh and Rīmleh; also known as Rapamleh) is a village in Robat Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 467, in 104 families.
# No. 28 Squadron (Finland)

No. 28 Squadron (Finnish: Lentolaivue 28 or LLv.28, from 3 May 1942 Le.Lv.28), renamed No. 28 Fighter Squadron (Finnish: Hävittäjälentolaivue 28 or HLe.Lv.28 on 14 February 1944) was a fighter squadron of the Finnish Air Force during World War II. The squadron was part of Flying Regiment 2.

## Organization
### Winter War

* 1st Flight (1. Lentue)
** Detachment Sirén (Osasto Sirén)
* 2nd Flight (2. Lentue)
** Detachment Turkki (Osasto Turkki)
* 3rd Flight (3. Lentue)
** Detachment Jutila (Osasto Jutila)
** Detachment Räty (Osasto Räty)
The equipment consisted of 23 Morane-Saulnier M.S.406s, 10 Hawker Hurricane Is.

### Continuation War

* 1st Flight (1. Lentue)
** Detachment Turkki (Osasto Turkki)
** Detachment Uola (Osasto Uola)
** Detachment Sovelius (Osasto Sovelius)
* 2nd Flight (2. Lentue)
** Detachment Ala-Panula (Osasto Ala-Panula)
* 3rd Flight (3. Lentue)
** Detachment Hyrkki (Osasto Hyrkki)
** Detachment Vuorinen (Osasto Vuorinen)
The equipment consisted of 27 Morane-Saulnier M.S.406s and 410s, 1 Mörkö-Morane, 1 Brewster Buffalo, and 8 Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2s.
# Platycheirus occultus

Platycheirus occultus is a Palearctic species of hoverfly.

## Description

External images For terms see Morphology of Diptera Tarsae 1: apical half of all segments without dark brown to black blotches ventrally. Femora 1 black to dark brown for less than half its length. Surstyli pale-haired.

## Distribution

Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Ireland, Britain, North Germany, France Switzerland, Spain and northern Italy (Apennines), Serbia, Turkey

## Biology

Habitat: fen and bog, coastal marsh and dune slacks, humid, seasonally-flooded, grassland, moorland, taiga wetlands. Flies April to September.