OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nobel Prize Museum

The Nobel Prize Museum (formerly the Nobel Museum [Swedish: Nobelprismuseet]) is located in the former Stock Exchange Building (Börshuset) on the north side of the square Stortorget in Gamla Stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden. (The Swedish Academy and the Nobel Library are also in the same building.) The Nobel Prize Museum showcases information about the Nobel Prize and Nobel laureates, as well as information about the founder of the prize, Alfred Nobel (1833–1896). The museum's permanent display includes many artifacts donated by Nobel Laureates, presented together with personal life stories.

## History

The Nobel Museum opened in the spring of 2001 for the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Prize. Its name was changed to Nobel Prize Museum in 2019, in conjunction with Erika Lanner becoming the museum's new director.
According to the manifesto of the museum, the intentions are to be a “reflecting and forward-looking and spirited memory of Nobel laureates and their achievements, as well as of the Nobel Prize and Alfred Nobel.” To achieve these aims, the museum offers exhibitions, films, theatre plays, and debates related to science; in addition to its bistro and shop. Museum exhibitions feature prominent Nobel laureates such as Marie Curie, Nelson Mandela, and Winston Churchill.
The museum frequently offers creative exhibitions such as “Sketches of science”, a photo exhibition with 42 Nobel laureates photographed with their own sketch of their Nobel discovery. This exhibition has also been shown in other parts of the world as well, including Dubai and Singapore.
For visitors who want to bring a piece of the museum home, a souvenir shop is available that contains items about Alfred Nobel and the museum. One of the most popular items is Alfred Nobel's gold medal made in dark fair trade chocolate. Another one is the Swedish “dynamite” candy that is flavored with jalapeño pepper. During 2011, the souvenir shop collaborated with the artist Artan Mansouri who made paintings that symbolized Nobel's life. Besides that, the shop offers a lot of educational toys for children, books by and about Nobel Prize laureates, and also unique items only found in the Nobel Museum shop.
There is also Bistro Nobel featuring Nobel chocolate, Swedish cakes, and also lunch and dinner. At the bistro, Nobel ice cream is served as well; this ice cream can only be found in the Nobel Bistro. The Nobel tea is usually served every year at the Nobel banquet. The under side of chairs in the bistro have been signed by Nobel laureates.
# Fulsara Union

Fulsara Union (Bengali: ফুলসারা ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad under Chaugachha Upazila of Jessore District in the division of Khulna, Bangladesh. It has an area of 20 square kilometres and a population of 23268.
# Antonio González de Balcarce

Antonio González de Balcarce (June 24, 1774 – August 15, 1819) was an Argentine military commander in the early 19th century.
González de Balcarce was born in Buenos Aires. He joined the armed forces as a cadet in 1788. In the battle for Montevideo in 1807, he was captured by the British forces and taken to England. After his release, he fought in the service of Spain during the Peninsular War against the Emperor Napoleon. Returning to Buenos Aires, he participated in the May Revolution in 1810. Subsequently, he was named second commander for the military campaign of the independentist forces in the Viceroyalty of Peru, where he won the Battle of Suipacha on November 7, 1810, the first victory over the Spanish royal forces.
Eventually, he was called back and became the Governor of Buenos Aires Province in 1813. In 1816, he served as the Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata ad interim, and became the Major General of the armed forces the following year under the government of Juan Martín de Pueyrredón. According to historian William Denslow, Antonio Balcarce was a member of the well-known masonic lodge Lautaro. He took part in the crossing of the Andes to Chile and was San Martín's second-in-command during the battles of Cancha Rayada and Maipu.
He fell ill in Chile and had to return to Buenos Aires, where he died in 1819.
# Shvernik Commission

Shvernik Commission (Shvernik's Commission, Russian: комиссия Шверника) was an informal name of the commission of the CPSU Central Committee Presidium headed by Nikolay Shvernik for the investigation of political repression in the Soviet Union during the period of Stalin. Other members were Alexander Shelepin, Zinovy Serdyuk, Roman Rudenko, Olga Shatunovskaya, Nikolai Mironov, and Vladimir Semichastny.
It was the second major commission of the kind. (The first one was the commission headed by Vyacheslav Molotov.) The commission worked during 1961-1963 and produced about 200 pages of two reports, which detailed the mechanism of falsification of the show trials against Bukharin, Zinoviev, Tukhachevsky and many others. The commission based its findings in large part on eyewitness testimonies of former NKVD workers and victims of repressions, and on many documents. The commission recommended to rehabilitate every accused with exception of Karl Radek and Genrikh Yagoda, because Radek's materials required some further checking, and Yagoda was a criminal and one of the falsifiers of the trials (though most of the charges against him had to be dropped too, he wasn't a "spy", etc.). The commission stated:
   Stalin committed a very grave crime against the Communist party, the socialist state, Soviet people and worldwide revolutionary movement... Together with Stalin, the responsibility for the abuse of law, mass unwarranted repressions and death of many thousands of wholly innocent people also lies on Molotov, Kaganovich, Malenkov...
# Conservative Party (Egypt)

The Conservative Party (Arabic: حزب المحافظين Hizb Al-Mohafezeen) is a political party in Egypt. The party was founded by Mostafa Abdel Aziz, a writer and journalist. In its foundation the party included many notable Egyptian journalists and public figures. The current leader, Akmal Kertam, was an influential member of the National Democratic Party. The party froze all activities in 2010, as a rejection of the political and security laws that were forced upon other political parties in that era by the former Mubarak regime, as well as due to the low funding it had. Yet after the 2011 Egyptian revolution, and with new free laws for political activity, the party notified governmental institutions that it would be active once again. The party is part of the political Egyptian opposition.
# Christopher Teichmann

Christopher Teichmann (born 13 October 1995) is a German-Swiss professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Zug 94.

## Career

Born in Germany, Teichmann made his professional debut for FC Aarau of the Swiss Super League on 13 July 2013 against FC Basel in the opening match of the season, in which he started and played 76 minutes as Aarau lost the match 3–1.
On 7 January 2016, Teichmann announced his retirement from professional football to concentrate on his education. He resumed his playing career in the summer of 2016.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 21 November 2015
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Aarau | 2013–14 | Super League | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Aarau | 2014–15 | Super League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aarau | 2015–16 | Challenge League | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Aarau | Total | Total | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 0 |
# The Grey Seas Under

The Grey Seas Under is a non-fiction book by Canadian author Farley Mowat about the Atlantic Salvage Tug Foundation Franklin, operated by the firm Foundation Maritime in Canada's Maritime provinces from 1930 to 1948.
The book traces the history of the company and its discovery of a powerful salvage tug, the former Royal Navy tug HMS Frisky, was constructed by the John Lewis and Sons Shipbuilding at Aberdeen, Scotland. Decommissioned and in 1924 sold to a German company as the SS Gustavo Ipland, she was purchased and renamed by Foundation Maritime in 1930. The book follows the tug's various captains and crews in many daring rescues during the Great Depression and World War II based out of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The book finishes with Franklin's last voyage in January 1948 when she nearly sank while towing the Motor Ship Arosa through a hurricane. Suffering severe damage, the thirty-year-old Franklin limped home, arriving at Halifax on February 5, 1948. The tow of Arosa was completed by another Foundation salvage vessel, Foundation Josephine.
The Grey Seas Under is one of the few nonfiction books to detail the adventures of a salvage tug and its crews. It was inspired when Mowat heard tales about the legendary tug while his schooner moored beside a later Foundation Maritime tug during the 1950s. The book was first published in 1958 and is still in print (ISBN 1-58574-240-6). Mowat followed The Grey Seas Under with a book about Foundation Josephine entitled The Serpent's Coil.
# C. Chittibabu

Chokalinga Chittibabu, commonly known as Mayor Chittibabu, was an Indian politician and former Member of Parliament elected from Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Chengalpattu constituency as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 1967 and 1971 elections. He was first elected to the Madras Corporation in 1958 and was the Mayor of Madras in 1965. He was arrested under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act after Indira Gandhi declared emergency and the DMK government was dismissed in 1976. He was jailed along with DMK leaders and died of injuries due to police torture suffered while trying to save M.K. Stalin in Madras Central Prison.
# Chahar Murun-e Tamdari

Chahar Murun-e Tamdari (Persian: چهارمورون تمداري, also Romanized as Chahār Mūrūn-e Tamdārī; also known as Chahār Morūn and Chahār Mūrūn) is a village in Margown Rural District, Margown District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 6 families.
# Veterans on Patrol

Veterans on Patrol is an American anti-government militia movement founded by Michael “Lewis Arthur” Meyer.

## History and aims

Veterans on Patrol was founded in Pima County, Arizona in 2015 with the initial aim of supporting military veterans. Since 2018, the activities of the organisation shifted away from its initially stated goals and towards anti-human trafficking activities on the Mexico–United States border.
Philosophies of the organisation include nativism, Christian nationalism, and anti-government values. Views shared by the group include antisemitic, anti-Mormon, anti-Catholic, anti-indigenous misinformation. Members embrace QAnon conspiracy theories and vigilante activities. In 2018, the group labelled a homeless encampment as a child sex-trafficking location.
The group is known for embedding in communities to “launch missions related to migrants or purported child trafficking”. They claimed that hurricane Helene was “an act of war perpetuated by the United States Military”; a “land grab” responsible for “murdering hundreds, if not thousands, of Americans”.
The group has over 70,000 followers of its Facebook page.
# Clavidesmus metallicus

Clavidesmus metallicus is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1868. It is known from French Guiana and Peru.
# Rashid bin Ahmad Al Mualla II

Sheikh Rashid bin Ahmad Al Mualla (Arabic: الشيخ راشد بن احمد المعلا)‎ (1932 – 2 January 2009) was the ruler or head of state of Umm Al Quwain from 1981 to 2009. His reign commenced when he succeeded his father, Sheikh Ahmad bin Rashid Al Mualla on 21 February 1981.
He died on 2 January 2009, in London. A week-long national mourning was declared, and flags flew at half staff during that period. His son Saud bin Rashid Al Mualla succeeding his father, became the ruler of Umm Al Quwain on 2 January 2009.
# Qaran Sara

Qaran Sara (Persian: قارن سرا, also Romanized as Qāran Sarā; also known as Qārūn Sarā) is a village in Farim Rural District, Dodangeh District, Sari County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 261, in 63 families.
# Republic of Mainz

The Republic of Mainz was the first democratic state in the current German territory and was centered in Mainz. A product of the French Revolutionary Wars, it lasted from March to July 1793.

## Context

During the War of the First Coalition against France, the Prussian and Austrian troops that had invaded France retreated after the Battle of Valmy, allowing the French revolutionary army to counterattack. The troops of General Custine entered the Palatinate in late September and occupied Mainz on 21 October 1792. The ruler of Mainz, Elector-Archbishop Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal, had fled the city.

## Jacobin club

On the next day, 20 citizens of Mainz founded a Jacobin club, the Gesellschaft der Freunde der Freiheit und Gleichheit (English: Society of the Friends of Liberty and Equality). Together with their filial clubs founded later in Speyer and Worms, they promoted the Enlightenment and the French revolutionary ideals of liberté, égalité, fraternité in Germany, aiming for a German republic to be established following the French model. Most of the founding members of the Jacobin club were professors and students of the University of Mainz, together with the university librarian, Georg Forster, some merchants and Mainz state officials. For some time the ecclesiastic Friedrich Georg Pape [de] was president of the club and editor of the Mainzer Nationalzeitung (English: Mainz National Newspaper).

## Founding

By order of the French National Convention, elections in the French-occupied territories west of the Rhine were held on 24 February 1793. 130 cities and towns sent their deputies to Mainz. The first democratically elected parliament on the territory of future Germany, called the Rheinisch-Deutscher Nationalkonvent (English: Rhenish-German National Convention), met initially on 17 March 1793, in the Deutschhaus building in Mainz (today the seat of the Rhineland-Palatinate state parliament). The convention declared the represented territory (which extended to Bingen in the west and to Landau in the south) to be free and democratic, and disclaimed any ties to the empire. The convention's president, Andreas Joseph Hofmann, proclaimed the Rhenish-German Free State (German: Rheinisch-Deutscher Freistaat) from the balcony of the Deutschhaus. On 21 March 1793, it was decided to seek the accession of the Free State to France and delegates (among them Georg Forster and Adam Lux) were sent to Paris. The French National Convention granted the request on 30 March.

## End

Soon after, Prussian troops retook all the French-occupied territory except for the heavily fortified city of Mainz itself. After a long siege in which much of the city was destroyed, Prussian and Austrian troops conquered the city on 22 July 1793. The republic ended, and the Jacobins were persecuted until 1795 when Mainz came under French control again.
# Claudio Böckli

Claudio Böckli (born 20 June 1984) is a retired Swiss biathlete. He competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2012 in Ruhpolding and at the Biathlon World Championships 2013 in Nove Mesto na Morave. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, in the individual contest.
# Sobiranistes

Sobiranistes (English: "Sovereigntists") is a political party of the republican and Catalan sovereigntist left, formed by a splinter group from Catalunya en Comú (CatComú) led by Joan Josep Nuet and Elisenda Alamany, deputies in the Parliament of Catalonia.

## History

Sobiranistes was initially constituted on 23 October 2018 as a political platform the Catalunya en Comú–Podem group in the Parliament of Catalonia by deputies Elisenda Alamany and Joan Josep Nuet, under the Som comuns, som sobiranistes (We are common, we are sovereigntist) motto. The goal of the platform was to "right" the course of the perceived drift of CatComú towards "the vices of traditional parties", were very critical of the role of Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV) within the party, and accused CatComú's leader Ada Colau of having "abandoned sovereigntism" and of "disbanding Xavier Domènech's team", after the latter's resigned as Podemos regional secretary-general and Catalan deputy. CatComú's leadership would criticize Alamany for "poor transparency" as well as the platform's establishment not being done according to internal party procedures.
Sobiranistes was formally registered as a party on 21 February 2019, with Alamany and Nuet breaking up from Catalunya en Comú, and subsequently entering coalition talks with Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) ahead of the April 2019 Spanish general election. Such alliance was formalized in March under the Republican Left of Catalonia–Sovereigntists label, with the agreement providing for Sobiranistes to field candidates within ERC's list for Barcelona. The alliance was maintained for the November 2019 general election. Alamany also registered the Nova–New Future (Catalan: Nova–Nou Futur) political party on 11 March, reaching an agreement with ERC to support Ernest Maragall's run to the mayorship of Barcelona in the 2019 municipal election.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sobiranistes broke ERC's group discipline in several occasions by abstaining—rather than opposing—in the votings for the proroguing of the state of alarm.

## Electoral performance
### Cortes Generales

Cortes Generales :
| Election | Congress | Congress | Congress | Congress | Congress | Senate | Senate | Leading candidate | Status in legislature |
| Election | Votes | % | # | Seats | +/– | Seats | +/– | Leading candidate | Status in legislature |
| 2019 (Apr) | Within ERC–Sob. | Within ERC–Sob. | Within ERC–Sob. | 1 / 350 | 1 | 0 / 208 | 0 | Oriol Junqueras | New election |
| 2019 (Nov) | Within ERC–Sob. | Within ERC–Sob. | Within ERC–Sob. | 1 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | Gabriel Rufián | Opposition |
# Thysanopsis

Thysanopsis is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Thysanopsis albicauda Townsend, 1917
* Thysanopsis guimai Toma, 2001
# Chandayan

Chandayan is a village in Baghpat district in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, around 100 kilometers from Delhi. In 2014 archeologists discovered that the village could once be a site belonging to late Indus Valley civilization period. If this proves to be true then it is a first instance that a late Harappan habitation has been found in Uttar Pradesh.

## Excavation

In 2014, Archaeological Survey of India began a detailed excavation of the site after local brick kiln workers stumbled upon human skeletal remains. So far numerous artefacts, some around 4000 years old, have been found.

## Discoveries

A human skeleton wearing a copper crown has been found. Copper crown is of thin copper strip decorated with precious Carnelian and a Fiancé bead, typical of remains found at other Harappan sites. According to archeologist, the crown indicates that skeleton was probably of important person like chieftain or village head. Terracotta pottery, crudely crafted & not of fine quality, has also been found near the skeleton.
A burial area is also exposed containing 21 pots of difference size & shape has also been found. Human bones & parts of skeletons were also found at the burial site. Presence of other burnt bones as well as that of cattle near burial area indicates the practice of animal sacrifice during funeral ceremony. Beads of various types were also found near burial site.
Most of the potsherds found are sturdy red ware, with exception of one which is gray ware & few which are decorated. Three graffiti marks have been noticed on the potsherds. Preliminary observations indicate striking similarity with late Harappan period. Additionally storage jars, bowls and dish-on-stands has also been found.
In one of the sites a floor with mud wall was found while at another site four successive layers of floors in house were found out.
# Lac de Chaumeçon

Lac de Chaumeçon is a lake in Nièvre, France. The lake is situated at an elevation of 400 m, with a surface area of 1.35 km$^2$. The lake is adjacent to the nearby commune of Brassy, Nièvre.
* This Nièvre geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Moryana

Moryana (Russian: Моря́на, pronounced) is a female sea spirit in Slavic folklore, possibly a goddess. Moryana was a sea vodyanitsa and daughter of the Sea Tsar, and also, according to some beliefs, she ruled the winds. Sometimes the moryany/moryanki (plural; Russian: моряны, морянки; Polish: moriany) were said to be numerous spirits of the sea and a marine kind of rusalki, which posed a great threat to ships, but usually Moryana was represented as a single entity.
Due to the consonance of her name with the name of the goddess Morana, Moryana was sometimes identified with her and was called the goddess of death.

## Etymology

Moryana's name is derived from море meaning "sea", and with the feminine ending яна it is roughly translated as "she of the sea". Moryana's name is used in some regions of Russia to describe the cold and harsh winds she personifies; these winds blow from the sea to the land and are also called морянка, морянник and моряной.

## In folklore

It was believed that Moryana often swam deep in the sea, taking the form of a big fish and playing with dolphins. She came ashore only on quiet evenings. At this time of day she swayed on the waves, splashed in the water and fingered sea pebbles. When a storm was rising due to the Morskoy Tsar becoming angry, Moryana calmed him down, and the storm also subsided. She also rode the sea in a golden canoe. Her beauty was so dazzling that it was impossible to look at her at once. According to Vasily Prokhorov, a Russian archaeologist and ethnographer, Moryana, in the minds of the pagans, was a goddess and beloved of the Sun (possibly Dazhbog), and in one old tale she appears under the name of Tsarevna Anastasia. In this tale, Ivan Tsarevich overhears the conversation of the Sun with his mother, in which the Sun confesses that when Anastasia splashes water on him, she makes him blush with bashfulness. In the beautiful image of Moryana, fairy tales combine the ideas of the goddess Zorya and the goddess of thunder.
In another belief, Moryana was described as a stern, very tall woman with uncombed hair and wearing white clothes. She controlled the southeast winds at the mouth of the Volga, which posed a huge threat to sailors and fishermen on the northwest coast of the Caspian Sea. Slowly walking across the water, she brought disasters and devastation. Moryana's main enemy was Ded Shapka Dranaya (Russian: Дед – ша́пка дра́ная; transl. Old man-in-a-torn-hat), the ruler of the northwest wind, but he almost always lost to the giantess. When they were colliding in battle, the waves of the sea were swirling and rising like a pillar to the sky before sinking the ships.
It was also believed that Moryana and her sisters were waiting for the ships at the coastal cliffs, and, rising from the waves, rocked them so that they were wrecked. Sometimes they attacked people, and the only way to avoid the attack of the sea vodyanitsy was to pull out as much of their sea foam-like hair as possible.