OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Victualling Inshore Craft

The Victualling Inshore Craft, or VIC, was a type of auxiliary vessel built for the Royal Navy during the Second World War. The VIC was modelled on the Clyde puffer, and over 100 were built during the conflict.

## Background

During the First World War the Royal Navy had need of an auxiliary vessel suitable for lightering supplies to its ships in a variety of settings, often with insufficient, or completely without, shore facilities. Numerous civilian vessels were requisitioned, but the type found most suitable was the Clyde puffer. This was a small, coal-fired, steam ship, with a comparatively large hold and equipped with a derrick for unloading. The puffers were employed ferrying all manner of supplies around the Firth of Clyde and Scotland's west coast, where small communities had limited, or no, harbour facilities.

## Design

With the outbreak of the Second World War, and the decline in numbers of the puffers during the 1930s, led the Admiralty to order the Victualling Inshore Craft, to a design based on two recent puffers, the Hay boats Anzac and Lascar. These were both coal-fired and steam-powered, limiting the pressure on supplies of fuel oil and diesel, though later VICs were diesel-powered. The puffers were typically divided into "shorehead" (or coastal) boats, with a maximum length of 66 ft, and "outside" (sea-going) boats, of 80 ft. The shorehead boats were within the dimensions of the Forth & Clyde Canal sealocks, making it possible for them to enter the inland waterway system, though the outside boats were more suited to the Atlantic conditions off the west coast.

## Construction

Some 107 VICs were ordered by the Admiralty; of these four were later cancelled, and four others were unfinished at the war's end, being completed for merchant service. Of the 99 in RN service, 63 were of the coastal (66 ft) type, and 36 (mostly later) of the sea-going (80 ft) type. The majority, 88, were steam-powered, while 11 (9 coastal, and 2 sea-going) had diesel engines.
While the puffer was a Scottish design, the Clyde shipyards were fully occupied with building and repairing ships for the Merchant and the Royal Navys, so the VICs were built at river and canal yards in England. The main yards involved were Dunston, of Thorne, South Yorkshire (40 in total built) and Pimblotts of Northwich (28). Other yards employed were S&D Brown, of Hull; Watson, of Gainsborough; Pollock, of Faversham; Richards, of Lowestoft; Harker, of Knottingley; Goole Shipbuilding and Rowhedge Ironworks.

## Service history

The VICs were employed at RN harbours and anchorages around the coast of Britain, lightering all manner of supplies as needed. Their largely unsung work was nonetheless vital to the smooth running of naval operations. With the war's end the VICs were sold into merchant service, many being employed on the Clyde into the late 1940s and 50's.
# List of land occupations in South Africa

South Africa is a deeply unequal society, with high unemployment and homelessness. One response to this on the part of social movements of the poor has been the occupation of land. This article lists some prior and ongoing land occupations in South Africa.

## 2001

* Bredell land occupation

## 2009

* Macassar Village land occupation

## 2011

* Mitchell's Plain land occupation

## 2013

* Marikana land occupation (Cape Town)
* Marikana land occupation (Durban)
# Charbhadrasan Upazila

Charbhadrasan or Char Bhadrasan (Bengali: চরভদ্রাসন) is an upazila of Faridpur District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Charbhadrasan is located at 23°33′30″N 90°05′00″E﻿ / ﻿23.5583°N 90.0833°E﻿ / 23.5583; 90.0833. It has 14,277 households and total area 154.65 km$^2$. Char Bhadrasan is bordered by Manikganj district to the north, Dhaka district to the east across the Padma, Sadarpur upazila to the south, and Nagarkanda and Faridpur Sadar upazilas to the west.

## Demographics

Religions in Charbhadrasan Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 94.25% | 94.25% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 5.75% | 5.75% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.00% | 0.00% |
As of the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Charbhadrasan upazila had 14,277 households and a population of 63,477. 15,498 (24.42%) were under 10 years of age. Charbhadrasan had an average literacy rate of 40.52%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1091 females per 1000 males. 22,882 (36.05%) of the population lived in urban areas.
As of the 1991 Bangladesh census, Charbhadrasan has a population of 69,876. Males constitute 51.36% of the population, and females 48.64%. This Upazila's eighteen up population is 34758. Charbhadrasan has an average literacy rate of 20.5% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate.

## Administration

Charbhadrasan thana was established in 1914 at Charsalehpur. It was turned into an upazila in 1983.
Charbhadrasan Upazila is divided into four union parishads: Charbhadrasan, Char Harirampur, Char Jahukanda, and Gazirtek. The union parishads are subdivided into 24 mauzas and 80 villages.

## Education

The pass level Charbhadrasan Government College, founded in 1969, is the only college.
According to Banglapedia, Char Bhadrasan Pilot High School, founded in 1946, and Char Hajiganj High School (1964) are notable secondary schools.
# Palangeli

Palangeli (Persian: پلنگلي, also Romanized as Palangelī) is a village in Sajjadrud Rural District, Bandpey-ye Sharqi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20, in 5 families.
# Bardehsur, Urmia

Bardehsur (Persian: برده سور, also Romanized as Bardehsūr) is a village in Dasht Rural District, Silvaneh District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 207, in 35 families.
# Hajjiabad-e Shahlaei

Hajjiabad-e Shahlaei (Persian: حاجی‌آباد شهلایی, also Romanized as Ḩājjīābād-e Shahlā’ī; also known as Ḩājjīābād) is a village in Mahidasht Rural District, Mahidasht District, Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 236, consisting of 50 families.
The name Shahlaei comes from the Shahlaei family (Persian: شهلایی) which was one of the powerful of the region; they were big landlords and senior officials under the Qajar and Pahlavi dynasties.
# Dlouhé stráně Hydro Power Plant

Dlouhé stráně Hydro Power Plant (Czech: Přečerpávací vodní elektrárna Dlouhé stráně) is a large pumped storage plant in the Czech Republic, located on the Desná river. It has 2 turbines with a nominal power of 325 megawatts (436,000 hp) each, providing a total capacity of 650 megawatts (870,000 hp). The elevated reservoir is situated on top of the Dlouhé Stráně mountain, 1,350 metres (4,430 ft) above sea level and the head of turbines is 510 metres (1,670 ft). It has the largest reversing water turbine in Europe.
# Ozhiginskaya, Tarnogsky District, Vologda Oblast

Ozhiginskaya (Russian: Ожигинская) is a rural locality (a village) in Zaborskoye Rural Settlement, Tarnogsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2002.

## Geography

Ozhiginskaya is located 27 km southwest of Tarnogsky Gorodok (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vidernikovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Bab al-Maqam

Bab al-Maqam (Arabic: بَاب الْمَقَام, romanized: Bāb al-Maqām), meaning the Gate of Maqam is one of the Gates of Aleppo.
The 13th century structure was built by al-Aziz Muhammad on the road that connected the Maqamat with the Citadel.
Deviations in its design from the majority of medieval Syrian gates suggest that its function was ceremonial rather than military.
In Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo (1997), Yasser Tabbaa details some of these differences, noting that they reinforce the possibility that the gate had primarily a religious and political function, serving as homage to Abraham and contrasting with the eastern shrines of Mashhad al-Dikka and Mashhad al-Husayn.
# Gabrska Gora, Litija

Gabrska Gora (pronounced) is a settlement south of Gabrovka in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014 the municipality was part of the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Gora, Stari Boršt, Gabrje, and Turn (German: Gallenstein).

## Castles

The ruins of two castles are found in Gabrska Gora. Turn Castle (German: Gallenstein) was owned by the Counts of Gallenberg. It was initially built as a fortified tower, and was later expanded and ornamented. It was inhabited until the Second World War, when it was owned by Marina Porca. Gabrja Castle (German: Gallenhoff) stood nearby and was also owned by the Gallenberg family.

## Church

The local church is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the Parish of Gabrovka. It dates to the 16th century and was restyled in the 18th century.
# Nedim Omeragić

Nedim Omeragić (born 1 February 1999) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a forward for the U-21 squad of Swiss club FC Zürich.

## Personal life

Born in Switzerland, Omeragić is the brother of footballer Bećir Omeragić and cousin of Edin Omeragić.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 20 July 2020.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Servette U21 | 2017–18 | Swiss 1. Liga | 8 | 9 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 | 8 | 9 |
| Servette U21 | 2018–19 | Swiss 1. Liga | 8 | 5 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 | 8 | 5 |
| Servette U21 | Total | Total | 16 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 14 |
| Servette | 2017–18 | Swiss Challenge League | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 |
| Stade Nyonnais | 2019–20 | Swiss Promotion League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Zürich | 2019–20 | Swiss Super League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 23 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | 16 |

#### Notes

* ↑ Appearances in the Swiss Cup
# Thanthai Periyar Government Headquarters Hospital, Erode

Thanthai Periyar Government Hospital is a public health care facility situated in Erode, Tamil Nadu. Also known as Government Headquarters Hospital (GHQH)-Erode is a District Headquarters Hospital. It is located at the center of the city, off the arterial road connecting Erode Junction with Central Bus Terminus, Erode.

## History

The Hospital was originally functioning near the Abdul Gani Textile Market in Panneerselvam Park, which was then shifted to the present location in 1955. During that, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy sponsored a share for this hospital. It is a 700 bedded Tertiary care hospital with 75 medical officers, serving this region.
In 2019, the Government of Tamil Nadu announced that this hospital will be upgraded as Multi Super Speciality Hospital providing all the tertiary care facilities.
A B+G+8 storeyed additional building for the super speciality hospital has been constructed at a cost of Rs.80.81 Crores along with the appointment of 20 new medical officers and several other staffs.
In April 2020, during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Tamil Nadu this hospital has been notified as Corona speciality hospital for treating Covid-19 cases, apart from the earlier notified Erode Medical College Hospital.
# Blad al-Mulayki

Blad al-Mulayki (Arabic: بلاد المليكي) is a sub-district located in Al Udayn District, Ibb Governorate, Yemen. Blad al-Mulayki had a population of 10,193 as of 2004.
# Jitender Kumar (boxer, born 1977)

Jitender Kumar (born 1977) is an Indian boxer who has medaled twice at Commonwealth Games and represented India in both the 2000 and 2004 Olympic Games.

## Biography

Jitender Kumar hails from Bhiwani, Haryana. He was trained at Sports Authority of India facility in Bhiwani under coach Jagdish Singh.

## Career

Kumar represented India at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting with the middleweight category in the 2000 Olympic Games. At the 1998 Commonwealth Games he lost to John Pearce in the finals. In the 2002 commonwealth games, he lost to Oscar Williamson in the semi-finals. In the national circuit, he fought in the heavyweight category as well. He was awarded the Arjuna award in 1999. Kumar qualified for the 2004 Athens Games by ending up in second place at the 1st AIBA Asian 2004 Olympic Qualifying Tournament in Guangzhou, PR China. In the final he lost to South Korea's Song Hak-Seong.
# Seyyed Taqi Rafiqabadi

Seyyed Taqi Rafiqabadi (Persian: سيدتقي رفيق ابادي, also Romanized as Seyyed Taqī Rafīqābādī) is a village in Mahidasht Rural District, Mahidasht District, Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 112, in 24 families.
# Rheumatoid vasculitis

Rheumatoid vasculitis is a skin condition that is a typical feature of rheumatoid arthritis, presenting as peripheral vascular lesions that are localized purpura, cutaneous ulceration, and gangrene of the distal parts of the extremities.

## Signs and symptoms

Rheumatoid vasculitis may affect almost any organ in the body. The skin and peripheral nerves are the most frequently affected areas. Although major organ system involvement of the kidney, bowel, or heart is much less common, it can result in serious morbidity and mortality, such as renal failure, bowel ischemia, and myocardial infarction. While the involvement of the central nervous system is uncommon, numerous case reports document its occurrence.
Rheumatoid vasculitis can cause palpable purpura, ulcers, nodules, and digital necrosis on the skin. Even though it is nonspecific and present in many different disorders, livedo reticularis is frequently observed.
Peripheral nervous system involvement is the second most common organ involved. Peripheral nervous system manifestations include distal symmetric sensory polyneuropathy, distal motor or combined neuropathy, and mononeuritis multiplex.

## Causes

Patients who have nodular rheumatoid arthritis that is seropositive are nearly exclusively affected by rheumatoid vasculitis.

## Diagnosis

The patient's medical history and symptoms, physical examination, relevant laboratory tests, specialized testing (such nerve conduction studies), and tissue biopsy of the affected skin, muscle, nerves, or other organ are typically used to make the diagnosis.

## Treatment

Treatment options for mild cases of rheumatoid vasculitis affecting the skin or peripheral nerves include methotrexate or azathioprine combined with prednisone. More severe organ system involvement might need to be treated with biologic agents, cyclophosphamide, and higher doses of steroids.
# North Army (German Empire)

The North Army (German: Nordarmee / Armeeoberkommando Nord / A.O.K. Nord) was an army level command of the German Army that existed briefly at the outbreak of World War I.

## History

The North Army was formed (on the outbreak of the war) in Schleswig to defend the German North Sea Coast in case of British landings. It was dissolved by the end of August 1914 as its major units had been transferred away.

## Structure

On formation, North Army consisted of
* IX Reserve Corps
       with 25 infantry battalions, 5 machine gun companies (30 machine guns), 6 cavalry squadrons, 12 field artillery batteries (72 guns), 4 heavy batteries (16 guns), a Field Airship Detachment and 7 pioneer companies. It was transferred to the Western Front, joining 1st Army in late August.
* "Higher Landwehr Commander 1" (Höherer Landwehr-Kommandeur 1)
       with 24 infantry battalions, 6 cavalry squadrons and 4 field artillery batteries (24 guns). Initially referred to as the Landwehr Division Goltz, after its commander; later renamed 1st Landwehr Division. By 27 August, it had joined the 8th Army on the Eastern Front and participated in the battles of Tannenberg and 2nd Masurian Lakes.
* Coastal Protection
** IV Battalion, 75th Landwehr Infantry Regiment
** IV Battalion, 76th Landwehr Infantry Regiment
** V Battalion, 76th Landwehr Infantry Regiment
* North Sea Islands (5 infantry battalions, 9 heavy batteries (36 heavy howitzers), 2 pioneer companies)
** Borkum
*** I and II Battalions, 79th Reserve Infantry Regiment
*** 2nd Abteilung, 2nd Foot Artillery Regiment
*** 1st Reserve Battery, 2nd Foot Artillery Regiment
*** 1st Landwehr Pioneer Company of X Corps District
** Sylt
*** I and II Battalions, 85th Landwehr Infantry Regiment
*** a Battery of 1st Abteilung, 2nd Foot Artillery Regiment
*** 2nd Reserve Battery, 2nd Foot Artillery Regiment
*** 1st Landwehr Pioneer Company of IX Corps District
** Pellworm
*** III Battalion, 85th Landwehr Infantry Regiment
*** a Battery of 1st Abteilung, 2nd Foot Artillery Regiment
*** 3rd Reserve Battery, 2nd Foot Artillery Regiment

## Glossary

* Armee-Abteilung, or Army Detachment, in the sense of "something detached from an Army". It is not under the command of an Army so is, in itself, a small Army.
* Armee-Gruppe, or Army Group, in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command; generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.
* Heeresgruppe, or Army Group, in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.
# Maskupa

Maskupa (Persian: مسكوپا, also Romanized as Maskūpā) is a village in Farim Rural District, Dodangeh District, Sari County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 175, in 55 families.
# FIA (disambiguation)

The FIA is the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (English: International Automobile Federation), the world's governing body for all forms of motor sport where four or more wheels are used.
Fia or FIA may also refer to:

## People

* Fia Backström (born 1970), Swedish artist
* Albert Fia (1915–2004), Canadian engineer
* Maʻafu Fia (born 1989), Tongan-born New Zealand rugby union player

## Organizations

* Federal Investigation Agency, the chief investigative body of the Government of Pakistan
* Federated Ironworkers' Association of Australia
* Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries, member of a professional association in the United Kingdom
* FIA Card Services, formerly MBNA Corporation
* Fire Industry Association, trade association in the United Kingdom
* Fiscal Information Agency, government agency in Taiwan
* Friends in Action, American Christian organization
* Future Imagery Architecture, program of the United States National Reconnaissance Office
* Futures Industry Association, trade association in the United States
* International Federation of Actors (Federation Internationale des Acteurs), global union federation
* Free Iraqi Army
* Fusion Industry Association, independent trade association for the international nuclear fusion industry

## Other uses

* Farnborough International Airshow, in England
* Feline infectious anemia, disease found in felines
* FIA hair system, system for classifying human hair types
* Flow injection analysis, a form of chemical analysis
* Freund's incomplete adjuvant, stimulant of the immune system
* Nobiin language (ISO 639-3 code fia)
# Făclia Țării

Făclia Ţării (English: The Country Torch) was a newspaper from Chişinău, Bessarabia, founded in 1912.

## Overview

C. S. Costinovici was the editor and Gheorghe S. Todor (Iorgu Tudor) the editorial secretary. The redactors of the newspaper were S. Dănilă, Nadejda Todorova. The newspapers was printed at the Diocesan Printing in Chişinău.
In 1912, the Russian authorities celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Russian annexation of Bessarabia. The author of the article "One hundred years", printed in the first issue of Făclia Ţării, wrote: "Our country is in darkness as one hundred years ago". Although the newspaper was initially authorized to function, the authorities closed down Făclia Ţării as soon as possible after this issue.
# Achras

Achras is a monotypic genus of Australasian beetles in the tribe Metriorrhynchini, erected by Charles Owen Waterhouse in 1879. It contains the species Achras limbatum (Waterhouse, 1877).
# Asadulla Lachinau

Asadulla Lachinau, aka Asabdullah Lachinov (born April 17, 1986 in Dagestan, Russia) is a Russian-Belarusian freestyle wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 57 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in which he was eliminated in the repechage by Yang Kyong-il.
# Pascal Strebel

Pascal Strebel (born 26 December 1988 in Muri) is a Swiss Greco-Roman wrestler. He competed in the -66kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where he was eliminated in the first round.
# Zaurbek Sokhiev

Zaurbek Sokhiev (born 1 June 1986 in Tajik SSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian-Ossetian male freestyle wrestler, who represented Uzbekistan, a freestyle wrestling world champion (2009), a participant in the Summer Olympic Games in Beijing (2008) and London (2012). Master of sports of international class in freestyle wrestling.
# Jakob Makarashvili

Jakob Makarashvili (born December 28, 1985) is a Georgian freestyle wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 74 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in which he was eliminated in the quarterfinals by Jabrayil Hasanov.
# Klaus-Peter Göpfert

Klaus-Peter Göpfert (born 22 October 1948 in Coburg) is a German former Greco-Roman wrestler who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics and in the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Battle of Camino Real

The Battle of Camino Real, was the first battle in the Ecuadorian War of Independence, that took place on 9 November 1820. The battle was fought between Royalist soldiers in support of the Spanish Empire, and the Patriot forces of the Free Province of Guayaquil, who won the battle.

## Background

The Royal Audiencia of Quito had been a Royalist stronghold after the brutal suppression of the Quito Revolution (1809–1812). But after Bolívar's campaign which liberated Colombia in 1819, the Patriots in Guayaquil regained courage and organized in 1820 the successful October 9 Revolution, which led to the establishment of the Free Province of Guayaquil . The Guayaquil revolutionaries decided that their first objective should be the liberation of the capital Quito, and raised an army to this end.

## The battle

The combat took place in the Camino Real sector, near the small town of Bilován, south of the city of Guaranda. The Guayaquil troops advanced towards the northwest, in an attempt to reach Quito. However, the Royalists had fortified themselves in Camino Real with the aim of stopping the Patriots and after this, organize an attack on the city of Guayaquil itself, and thus end the rebellion within the Royal Audiencia of Quito.
The Guayaquil forces, or the so-called División Protectora de Quito, were commanded by Colonels Luis Urdaneta and León de Febres-Cordero, while the Royalists was led by Colonel Antonio Fominaya. The Royalists had prepared several ambushes, however, the pro-independence troops were alerted to Fominaya's movements, after which they conceived and developed a strategy that allowed them to win the battle and, subsequently, make the Royalists retreat towards the north.

## Consequences

The victory at Camino Real raised the hope of the Guayaquil troops in their desire to advance to the capital and thereby consolidate the independence of Guayaquil. However, in the following weeks, the Patriot troops suffered serious defeats that would jeopardize their independence.
But in 1821, they obtained help from Gran Colombia and with this they were able to achieve the final objective after a campaign that would last for 2 years.

## Sources

* Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana
* Enciclopedia del Ecuador
* Avilés Pino, Efrén; Hoyos Galarza, Melvin (2009). Historia de Guayaquil (Primera edición). Guayaquil: M.I. Municipalidad de Guayaquil.
* Salvador Lara, Jorge. Del Alzamiento de Guayaquil a la Batalla del Pichincha; Historia del Ecuador (Primera edición). Quito: Salvat.
# Mohammad Tawfiq Bakhshi

Mohammad Tawfiq Bakhshi (born July 5, 1984 / March 11, 1986) is an Afghan judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 100 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the first round by Jorge Fonseca. He was also the flag bearer for Afghanistan at the 2016 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations.