OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pseudotetracha bostockii

Pseudotetracha bostockii is a species of tiger beetle in the subfamily Cicindelinae that was described by Laporte in 1867, and is endemic to Australia.
# Mobarakabad, Kurdistan

Mobarakabad (Persian: مبارک‌آباد, also Romanized as Mobārakābād) is a village in Najafabad Rural District, in the Central District of Bijar County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 51, in 14 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# U-Force

The U-Force is a game controller made by Broderbund for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It employs a pair of perpendicular consumer IR sensor panels to translate the user's hand movements into controller signals.

## Reception

The U-Force was ranked the eighth worst video game controller by IGN editor Craig Harris. MSN listed it as one of the top 10 worst game peripherals, writing "Second only to the Sega Activator in terms of all-out crappiness, the U-Force also used infrared sensors to create a truly nightmarish controller...'Don’t Touch' said the adverts for the device, in a rare example of an advertising campaign that got it spot on."
# Ley Talar

Ley Talar (Persian: لي طالار, also Romanized as Ley Ţālār) is a village in Sajjadrud Rural District, Bandpey-ye Sharqi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 437, in 100 families.
# Hidayah

Hidāyah (Arabic: هداية, Hidaayah IPA:) is an Arabic word meaning "guidance". According to Islamic belief, guidance has been provided by God to humans primarily in the form of the Qur'an. Not only through the Quran, but Hidayah, or guidance, is also provided through Muhammad and how he lived his life, which is known as the Sunnah of the Prophet. Through his teachings and the guidelines in the Quran, Muslims hope to attain a better lifestyle.
# Meck Island

Meck Island (Marshallese: Meik,) is part of the Kwajalein Atoll in the Ralik Chain in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, 2,100 nautical miles (3,900 km) southwest of Honolulu, Hawaii.
Meck is part of the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site, and a launch site for anti-ballistic missiles and launch vehicles is based there. It was originally developed in support of the Sentinel program of the 1960s, and hosted a radar site and launchers for Sprint and Spartan missiles. It has been used for a variety of tests since then, including the Safeguard program, Homing Overlay Experiment, Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle, THAAD and others.
# Pterolophia afflicta

Pterolophia afflicta is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1867, originally under the genus Lychrosis. It is known from Australia.
# Large Guild, Riga

The Large Guild (Latvian: Lielā ģilde) is a building in Riga, Latvia. It is located near Livonian Square on 6 Amatu Street. The Large Guild was erected in the years 1854–1859 and built in English Gothic style with Gothic forms. It is one of the oldest public buildings in the Baltic states. The building is currently used as the Latvian National Symphony Orchestra concert hall.

## History

Large Guild was Riga merchant organization. Its roots begin with Holy Spirit guild in the 13th century as Riga's first new established brotherhood. The Guild accepted traders and craftsmen, except for weavers and sauna operators. Later the Holy Spirit guild was split in two parts. According to historical sources, the two parts were named for the two rooms: the Minster and Zoste Rooms. The two room names were brought from Germany by German traders. Later on, the two guild organizations were split by economic and social interests: the Large Guild brought together German traders and the Small Guild brought together German craftsmen. In 1353, in the Minster Room, traders were recognized by statute, and that it is treated as the year of Large Guild establishment.
The current look of the Large Guild was made by architects Karl Beine and Heinrich Shelle between 1853 and 1859. Large Guild was rebuilt in the Tudor gothic style. The concert hall in the Guild was made after 1963 because of a fire.
In 1965. the Guild was reconstructed by architect Modris Ģelzis and the interior was customized for concert hall needs.
The Large Guild currently houses the Latvian National Symphony Orchestra. Its rooms are also suitable for a wide range of cultural events and conferences.

### Interior

The most known Large Guild rooms are the minster room and bride's chamber. The minster room is famous because it is the only room in Latvia who is preserved from the Middle Ages as a secular society building indoor room. The bride's chamber was meant as a Guild gathering place and also was meant for wedding needs.
In 1888 there was made stained glass in the Large guilds staircase (master A. Frieshtatle), expressing the greatness of united German merchants. Stained glass depicts the events of 1353, when the master of the Order of the city handed over Large guilds building to the representatives of the guild.
Modern day stained glass depicts most important business areas of Riga. In 1936, stained glass was made by Ansis Cīrulis.
# Gehn

The Gehn is a small ridge of hills between Bramsche and Ueffeln in Germany's Central Uplands, that are an extension of the Wiehen Hills (German: Wiehengebirge). The ridge runs from northwest to southeast and is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) long and an average of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) wide. The highest point is the Kettelberg which is 108 m above sea level (NN) high. The Gehn forms a link between the Wiehen Hills and the Ankum Heights (Ankumer Höhe). It is largely forested and is not - like the Ankum Heights- part of a series of ice age terminal moraines from the latest event of the Saalian glaciation, the so-called Drenthe I stage, but is a ridge of Jurassic rock that was pushed up during the folding towards the end of the Cretaceous period.
Like the Wiehen Hills and the Ankum Heights, the Gehn belongs to the North Teutoburg Forest-Wiehen Hills Nature Park (Naturpark Nördlicher Teutoburger Wald-Wiehengebirge).

## Elevations

Amongst the main elevations on the Gehn are the:
* Kettelsberg (108.6 m above sea level (NN))
* Gehnberg (108.1 m)
* Heseper Berg (107.9 m)
* Frettberg (105.9 m)
# Monica Moss (fashion designer)

Monica Moss (born Monica Susana Schütt 28 January 1974) is a Bolivian fashion designer of German descent. After initial success with her 1998 debut line An Evening of Enchantment, she has gone on to provide designs worn by celebrities including George Michael, Salma Hayek, Rob Lowe, and Sting. Her brand is known for playful colors and shapes, as well as its commitment to fair trade, sustainability, and charity. In 2007, she was recognized as "Most Out-There" by the New York Second City Style Fashion Blog.

## Biography

Monica Schütt was born on 28 January 1974 in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. In her early youth she started designing and sewing her own personal wardrobe. After her scholastic education at the German College in Santa Cruz, she went to Europe and studied fashion design in Milan. After returning to Bolivia, she created her own collections using her artist name Moss, named after her initials. Since 1998, she has been presenting her fashion in Europe, Japan and the United States and has earned international recognition under her current label Monica Moss..
# Hasan Khordu

Hasan Khordu (Persian: حسن خردو, also Romanized as Ḩasan Khordū; also known as Shahīd Shaʿbānī) is a village in Tus Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 233, in 61 families.

## History of the Khordu Family

The Khordou family is one of Russian descent and is considered one of the richest Russian families who fled to Iran in 1879 due to opposition to the Russian government and rebellion.
Hasan Khordu is located in the region of Razavi Khorasan in Iran.
# 1981 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens

The 1981 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens was the 17th edition of the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens cycle race and was held on 20 September 1981. The race started and finished in Leuven. The race was won by Jan Raas.
Rudy Pevenage from the Capri-Sonne team secured second place, while Irish cycler Sean Kelly, riding for Splendor-Wickes Bouwmarkt, finished third. The race is named after Jef Scherens, a seven-time world sprint champion,

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Time |
| 1 | Jan Raas (NED) | 5h 10' 00" |
| 2 | Rudy Pevenage (BEL) | + 0" |
| 3 | Sean Kelly (IRL) | + 0" |
| 4 | Patrick Versluys (BEL) | + 0" |
| 5 | Ludo Delcroix (BEL) | + 0" |
| 6 | Etienne Van Der Helst (BEL) | + 0" |
| 7 | Eddy Verstraeten (BEL) | + 0" |
| 8 | Luc Colijn (BEL) | + 0" |
| 9 | Johan Louwet (BEL) | + 0" |
| 10 | Eric Van De Wiele (BEL) | + 0" |
# Seh Kohye Castle

Seh Kohye castle (Persian: قلعه سه کوهه) is a historical castle located in Hamun County in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Qajar dynasty.
# Strophanthus caudatus

Strophanthus caudatus is a woody liana that can grow up to 12 metres (40 ft) in length, with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 centimetres (0.6 in). It grows natively from Guangxi in southern China, through Indochina (including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands) to Malesia and New Guinea.
# Sodium orthophenyl phenol

Sodium orthophenyl phenol is a compound used as a disinfectant. It is the sodium salt of 2-phenylphenol.
As a food additive, it has E number E232.
# Shangbigno Pakhikul O Kolkata Bishayak

Shangbigno Pakhikul O Kolkata Bishayak (Bengali: সংবিগ্ন পাখিকূল ও কলকাতা বিষয়ক, Anxious Feathers and Thematic Kolkata) is the debut album by the Bengali rock band Moheener Ghoraguli. It was released in 1977 by Gathani Records. It was recorded at a local studio in Kolkata during their formation period from 1976 to 1977. The band at the time consisted of Gautam Chattopadhyay (vocals, lead guitar, saxophone), Biswanath Chattopadhyay (drums, bass, violin), Pradip Chatterjee (bass, flute), Ranjon Ghoshal (emcee, visuals, media relations), Abraham Mazumdar (vocals, piano, violin), Tapas Das (vocals, guitar), Tapesh Bandopadhyay (vocals, guitar). Gautam also served as the band's primary songwriter, though he contributed only one track on the album credited to the band collectively and other tracks were written by Ranjon, Tapas and Tapesh.
The album takes a city name Kolkata, the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, and featuring artwork of moonlit night sketch of the city designed by Ranjon, Sarmistha Chatterjee and Sangeeta Ghoshal.
Two of its songs, "Shangbigno Pakhikul" and "Haay, Bhalobasi" remade and reissue in their collaborative albums Jhora Somoyer Gaan (1996) and Maya (1997) respectively. Where "Haay, Bhalobasi" became long-term mainstays of the band's live setlist. Since its release, the album has been hailed as a baul-jazz album in the Bengali music scene.

## Release

The album was released as an Extended play (EP) 7-inch 45-rpm record with both sides contains two songs.

## Personnel

* Abraham Mazumdar – vocals, piano, violin
* Biswanath Chattopadhyay – drums, bass, violin, guitar
* Tapas Das – vocal (1, 4), rhythm guitar
* Gautam Chattopadhyay – vocals (2), lead, acoustic guitar, saxophone
* Pradip Chatterjee – vocals (2), base
* Tapesh Bandyopadhyay – vocals (1, 3, 4)
* Ranjon Ghoshal – vocals (2)

### Production

* Sushant Bandopadhyay – engineering
* Tarun Bagachi – acoustic assistance
* Asim Datto – acoustic assistance
* Ranjon Ghoshal – media conduct, front cover design
* Sarmistha Chatterjee – front cover design
* Sangeeta Ghoshal – front cover design
# Charissa ambiguata

Charissa ambiguata is a species of moth that belongs to the genus Charissa.

## Etymology

The species name ambiguata derives from the Latin word "ambiguus", meraning doubtful, uncertain, probably so named for the difficulty of distinguishing this species.

## Subspecies

Subspecies include:
* Charissa ambiguata ambiguata (Duponchel, 1830)
* Charissa ambiguata graecaria (Staudinger, 1861)
* Charissa ambiguata pullularia (Herrich-Schaffer, 1856)
* Charissa ambiguata tatrensis (Vojnits, 1969)

## Distribution

This species is native to Eurasia. It is widespread in most of the mountains of Europe up to more than 2500 m of altitude. It frequents the surroundings of fir forests in cool and humid places.

## Description

Charissa ambiguata can reach a wingspan of 28–31 mm (1.1–1.2 in). It can easily be confused with other "stone moths", especially with Elophos dilucidaria. However the genitalia in both sexes show marked differences compared to all externally similar species.
This moth is very variable, with a gray-brownish background crossed by two transversal lines and ocelli with a faded appearance. Male shows filiform antennae.

## Biology

This species fly from May to September. The imago is sometimes active during the day but it also comes to light. Larva of this polyphagous species mainly feeds on Sedum, Artemisia, Taraxacum, Campanula, and Plantago species, on Rubus idaeus, Polygala chamaebuxus, Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium uliginosum. The caterpillar overwinters.
# Simul-climbing

Simul-climbing (or using a running-belay) is a climbing technique where a pair of climbers who are attached by a rope simultaneously ascend a multi-pitch climbing route. It contrasts with lead climbing where the leader ascends a given pitch on the route while the second climber remains in a fixed position to belay the leader in case they fall. Simul-climbing is not free solo climbing, as the lead simul-climber will clip the rope into points of climbing protection as they ascend. Simul-climbing is different from a rope team (which can involve larger groups) and short-roping [fr] (used by guides with their clients), which are used for flatter terrain that doesn't typically need protection points.
Simul-climbing is an advanced and potentially dangerous technique. A fall by either climber is serious, and a 2019 article in Outside said "That's why there's a simple rule of simul-climbing: don't fall." In simul-climbing, the strongest climber goes second. Contemporary simul-climbers use progress capture devices (PCDs) at some of the protection points so that if the following climber falls, the PCD will lock the rope holding the falling climber and preventing the leader from being pulled off. While PCDs can control the consequences of a fall, no manufacturer of PCDs recommends their use for simul-climbing, and the falls from simul-climbing can place greater forces and stresses on the rope and/or the PCD than they were made to handle. The second climber will also use an assisted braking device as a belay device which will auto-lock in the event of a leader fall.
Simul-climbing is most commonly used by experienced alpinists on very long alpine climbing routes so they can move quickly on terrain that both climbers are very comfortable with, but which is sufficiently exposed to require protection. Examples are long sharp alpine ridges or aretes or easier-angled rock slabs and couloirs (see images). Alex Honnold and Tommy Caldwell considered their ability to simul-climb grade 5.10 rock climbing routes as critical to their award winning traverse of Cerro Chaltén Group in 2014. Simul-climbing has also been used in setting speed climbing records on big wall climbing routes such as on The Nose on El Capitan. Speed simul-climbers can reduce the climbing time by three quarters by using fewer points of climbing protection (known as "running-out"), but this has led to fatalities, and concerns about the danger of the technique. A safer alternative to simul-climbing for steep big wall routes is the technique of short-fixing, where the leader effectively sets up a fixed rope for the second climber to ascend while the leader simultaneously continues up the next pitch using a rope solo climbing technique.
# Keep a Modest Head

Keep a Modest Head (French: Ne crâne pas sois modeste) is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Deco Dawson and released in 2012. The film is a tribute to Jean Benoît, a Canadian artist often credited as "the last surrealist".
The film premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film. TIFF subsequently named the film to its year-end Canada's Top Ten list of short films. The film was a shortlisted Canadian Screen Award finalist for Best Short Documentary Film at the 1st Canadian Screen Awards.
# Stephen Herbert Gatty

Sir Stephen Herbert Gatty (9 October 1849 – 29 April 1922) was a British barrister and colonial judge who served as Chief Justice of Gibraltar from 1895 to 1905.

## Biography

Gatty was the son of the Rev Alfred Gatty and of Margaret Gatty. He came from a literary family: both his mother and his sister Juliana Horatia Ewing were popular children's authors. His elder brother Sir Alfred Scott-Gatty was a herald and composer, while his younger brother Charles Tindal Gatty was an antiquarian and author of note.
Educated at Winchester College (where he was a scholar) and New College, Oxford, Gatty was called to the bar by the Middle Temple in 1874, then went on the North-Eastern Circuit. He was appointed Attorney-General of the Leeward Islands in 1883, then successively served as acting Chief Justice of Antigua, Attorney-General of Trinidad (at the same time serving as chairman of royal commissions on the franchise of Trinidad and on the metayer system in Tobago), Judge of the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlements, and Chief Justice of Gibraltar. He was made a QC for Trinidad in 1890/1891 knighted in 1904.

## Personal life

Gatty married firstly Alice Georgina Rawlinson (1849–1894) on 29 August 1876; they had no issue. Gatty then married Katharine Morrison (1869–1949), daughter of Alfred Morrison, on 21 February 1905. Their children were Hester Gatty (1906–1973), wife of Siegfried Sassoon, Oliver Gatty (1907–1940) and Richard Gatty (1909–1975).
# Russian cruiser Oleg

Oleg (Russian: Олег) was the 4th and final Bogatyr-class protected cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy.

## Operational history

Oleg was laid down at the Admiralty Shipyards at St. Petersburg on 6 July 1902, launched on 14 August 1903 and commissioned into the Russian Baltic Fleet on 24 June 1904. With the Russo-Japanese War already in progress, she was seconded to the Russian Second Pacific Squadron.

### Russo-Japanese War

Under the command of Admiral Oskar Enkvist, Oleg was part of the Russian Second Pacific Squadron, which sailed from the Baltic Sea around the world to relieve the Japanese blockade of the Russian Pacific Fleet at Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War. The squadron engaged Japanese Admiral Togo Heihachiro’s Combined Fleet at the Battle of Tsushima on 15 May 1905. During the battle, Oleg was damaged, but managed to escape and, together with the cruisers Aurora and Zhemchug reached the protection of the neutral port of Manila, where she was interned to the end of the war.
After returning to the Russian Baltic Fleet, Oleg was refitted and her torpedo nets removed.) On 27 September 1908, she ran aground off Cronstadt. She was refloated on 4 October with assistance from the tugs Forwards, Meteor and Vladimir. She was taken in to Cronstadt for repairs, which were completed in December.

### World War I

At the start of World War I, Oleg was part of the Russian 1st Cruiser Brigade in the Baltic Sea. On 26 August 1914, together with sister ship Bogatyr, she covered minelaying operations in the Baltic, as well as laying mines herself. Mines laid by Oleg are credited with sinking the German light cruiser SMS Augsburg off Bornholm.
On 2 July 1915, Oleg participated in the Battle of Åland Islands during which she assisted in driving the German light cruiser SMS Albatross onto the beach.
In June 1916, the Russian Baltic Fleet launched a major offensive against German convoys off the Swedish cost, near Gotland.

### Russian Revolution

During the October Revolution of 1917, the crew of Oleg quickly declared support for the Bolshevik cause. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Soviets to evacuate their base at Helsinki in March 1918 or have their ships interned by newly independent Finland even though the Gulf of Finland was still frozen over. Oleg sailed to Kronstadt in what became known as the 'Ice Voyage'. In November 1918, Oleg and Bogatyr participated in the aborted invasion of Estonia by the Red Army. Oleg was torpedoed and sunk on the night of 17 June 1919 by Royal Navy speedboat CMB-4 commanded by Captain Augustus Agar in an attack on the Red Navy facilities at Kronstadt. Parts of the ship were salvaged in 1919 and 1933, and the rest of hulk was raised and scrapped in 1938.
# Baldovinești

Baldovinești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Baldovinești, Gubandru, and Pietriș. It included four other villages until 2004, when they were split off to form Găvănești Commune.
The commune is situated in the Wallachian Plain, at an altitude of 157 m (515 ft), on the banks of the river Geamărtălui. It is located in the northwestern part of Olt County, 6 km (3.7 mi) from the town of Balș and 32 km (20 mi) west of the county seat, Slatina. Baldovinești is on the border with Dolj County; the city of Craiova is 25 km (16 mi) to the southwest.
# Mulkaji

Mulkaji (Nepali: मूलकाजी) was the position of head of executive of Kingdom of Nepal in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It was equivalent to Prime Minister of Nepal. There were 5 Mulkajis appointed between 1785 and 1804.

## Meaning

Mulkaji is formed from two words: Mul and Kaji. Mul means Chief, Key or Fundamental and Kaji is derived from Sanskrit word Karyi which meant functionary. Altogether it means Chief Functionary or Executive Head of the State.

## History of the five Mulkajis
### Abhiman Singh Basnyat

Dewan Kaji Bamsa Raj Pande was beheaded in March 1785 on the conspiracy of Queen Rajendra Laxmi with the help of supporters including senior Kaji Swaroop Singh Karki. On 2 July 1785, Prince Regent Bahadur Shah of Nepal was arrested and on the eleventh day of imprisonment on 13 July, Queen Rajendra Laxmi died. Then onwards, Bahadur Shah of Nepal took over the regency of his nephew King Rana Bahadur Shah and the position of Chautariya while Abhiman Singh Basnyat was elected Mulkaji (Chief Kaji).

### Kirtiman Singh Basnyat

In 1794, King Rana Bahadur Shah came of age and appointed Kirtiman Singh Basnyat as Chief (Mul) Kaji among the newly appointed four Kajis though Damodar Pande was the most influential Kaji. Kirtiman had succeeded Abhiman Singh Basnyat as Chief Kaji.

### Bakhtawar Singh Basnyat

Kirtiman was secretly assassinated on 28 September 1801, by the supporters of Raj Rajeshwari Devi and his brother Bakhtawar Singh Basnyat, was then given the post of Chief (Mul) Kaji.

### Damodar Pande

Later Damodar Pande was appointed by Queen Rajrajeshwari as Chief Kaji.

### Ranajit Pande

After the execution of Mulkaji Damodar Pande in March 1804, Ranajit Pande was appointed as Mulkaji (Chief Kaji) along with Bhimsen Thapa as second Kaji, Sher Bahadur Shah as Mul Chautariya and Ranganath Paudel as Raj Guru (Royal Preceptor).
Later King Rana Bahadur Shah created the title of Mukhtiyar and assume full executive power of the state.

## List of Mulkajis of Kingdom of Nepal

| No. | No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Political party |
| No. | No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Political party |
| | 1 | | Abhiman Singh Basnyat (1744–1800) | 1785 | 1794 | Independent |
| | 2 | | Kirtiman Singh Basnyat (??–1801) | 1794 | 28 September 1801 | Independent |
| | 3 | | Bakhtawar Singh Basnyat | 1801 | February 1803 | Independent |
| | 4 | | Damodar Pande (1752–1804) | February 1803 | March 1804 | Independent |
| | 5 | | Ranajit Pande | 1804 | 1804 | Independent |

## Controversial Mulkaji

Historian Dilli Raman Regmi asserts that Sarbajit Rana Magar was chosen as Chief Functionary. Historian Rishikesh Shah asserts that Sarbajit was appointed only a Kaji and was the head of the Nepalese government for a short period in 1778.