OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nurgaram District

Nurgaram District, also known as Nechegram in all Nuristani languages and Neishigram in Waigali, (Pashto: نورگرام ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی نورگرام) is a district of Nuristan Province in Afghanistan, which was established in the 2004 Afghanistan administrative reorganization out of parts of Nuristan District and Wama District.

## History

On 16 May 2023, Pashayi tribesmen organised a protest in the Nurgaram district of Nuristan against the Taliban against alleged mistreatment and ethnic discrimination under the local Taliban commander, Mawlawi Saadullah, resulting in clashes although no deaths or injuries were reported.
# Rachael Low

Rachael Low (6 July 1923 – 14 December 2014) was a British film historian, best known as the author of the seven-volume The History of the British Film.
The daughter of the cartoonist Sir David Low, she gained her BSc in sociology and economics in 1944 from the London School of Economics, and her doctorate from the University of London in 1949. She published, in seven volumes between 1948 and 1985, The History of the British Film; this examines, in exacting detail, film production in Britain from its origins in 1896 until 1939. She was awarded a Research Fellowship by Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge, to facilitate her work on the later volumes of the series.
Film critic Matthew Sweet has criticised Low's "tyrannous influence" on the writings of subsequent film historians.

## Legacy

The annual Rachael Low Lecture was established in 2007 in her honour, as part of the British Silent Film Festival. In December 2018, an event was held at the British Film Institute Library to assess her legacy and mark her contribution to the history of early British film.

## Principal works

Originally published by George Allen & Unwin, Low's history is now published by Routledge.
* The History of the British Film 1896–1906 (with Roger Manvell), Allen & Unwin, 1948
* The History of the British Film 1906–1914, Allen & Unwin, 1948
* The History of the British Film 1914–1918, Allen & Unwin, 1948
* The History of the British Film 1918–1929, Allen & Unwin, 1950
* The History of the British Film 1929–1939: Films of Comment and Persuasion of the 1930s, Allen & Unwin, 1979
* The History of the British Film 1929–1939: Documentary and Educational films of the 1930s, Allen & Unwin, 1979
* The History of the British Film: Film Making in 1930s Britain, Allen & Unwin, 1985
# Nereta (river)

Nereta (Latvian: Neretiņa) is a river of Biržai district municipality, Panevėžys County, northern Lithuania and Southern Latvia. It flows for 25 kilometres (16 mi). For 18 km (11 mi), the river forms the border between Latvia and Lithuania. It is a right tributary of the Nemunėlis.
# 2005 in Libya

The following lists events that happened in 2005 in Libya.

## Incumbents

* President: Muammar al-Gaddafi
* Prime Minister: Shukri Ghanem

## Events
### January

* January 20 - Italian police have arrested number of people connected to smuggling of illegal immigrants from Libya.

### March

* March 23 - Muammar al-Gaddafi states that he is not going to pardon five Bulgarian nurses that face a death penalty accused of injecting children with the HIV.

### May

* May 17 - Six African countries begin a two-day summit in Tripoli to assess situation in Darfur, Sudan. None of the local rebel groups have sent representatives.

### December

* December 25 - The Supreme Court in Libya overturned the death sentences given to international health workers charged with infecting children with HIV.
# Ethnikos G.S. Athens

Ethnikos Gymnastikos Syllogos (Greek: Εθνικός Γυμναστικός Σύλλογος) or Ethnikos Athens is one of the oldest multi-sports clubs in Greece. It was founded in 1893.

## History
### 1896 Olympics

It had a team of gymnasts competing at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.
The team's leader was Ioannis Chrysafis. Members included Ioannis Mitropoulos, Dimitrios Loundras, Filippos Karvelas, and 15 others whose names are unknown.
The team placed third of the three teams in the parallel bars team event, earning a bronze medal (retroactively awarded by the International Olympic Committee, as the awards at the first Olympic Games differed from the gold, silver, bronze format used later).

### Football trophies

* Panhellenic Football Championship
** Winner (2): 1906, 1907

## Titles

* Men's Athletics:
** 21 Greek Championships: ( 1901, 1910, 1920, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1930, 1931, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1954)
** 6 Greek Cross Country Championships: (1908, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1926, 1927)
* Women's Athletics:
** 1 Greek Championship: (1975)
** 1 Greek Cross Country Championship: (1982)
* Shooting:
** 1 Greek Championship: (1937)
* Men's Boxing:
** 2 Greek Championships: (1961, 1981)
* Women's Boxing:
** 1 Greek Championships: (2013)
* Men's Greco-Roman Wrestling:
** 35 Greek Championships, Men: (1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1958, 1960, 1962,[2] 1964, 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982[3], 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988) (record)
* Men's Free Wrestling:
** 4 Greek Championships, Men: (1958, 1959, 1960, 1966)
* Judo:
** 5 Greek Championships, Men: (1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2001)
# 1978 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team

The 1978 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team represented Oklahoma State University as a member of the Big Eight Conference during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by Jim Stanley in his sixth and final season as head coach, the Cowboys compiled an overall record of 3–8 with a mark of 3–4 in conference play, tying for fifth place in the Big 8. Oklahoma State played home games at Lewis Field in Stillwater, Oklahoma

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 9 | at Wichita State* | Cessna StadiumWichita, KS | L 10–20 | 30,518 |
| September 16 | at No. 16 Florida State* | Doak Campbell StadiumTallahassee, FL | L 20–38 | 40,338 |
| September 23 | No. 2 Arkansas* | Lewis FieldStillwater, OK | L 7–19 | 49,500 |
| September 30 | vs. North Texas State* | Texas StadiumIrving, TX | L 7–12 | 21,800 |
| October 7 | at Kansas State | KSU StadiumManhattan, KS | L 7–18 | 21,900 |
| October 14 | No. 13 Colorado | Lewis FieldStillwater, OK | W 24–20 | 41,200 |
| October 21 | Kansas | Lewis FieldStillwater, OK | W 21–7 | 35,336 |
| October 28 | at No. 4 Nebraska | Memorial StadiumLincoln, NE | L 14–22 | 75,786 |
| November 4 | Missouri | Lewis FieldStillwater, OK | W 35–20 | 47,750 |
| November 11 | Iowa State | Lewis FieldStillwater, OK | L 15–28 | 40,300 |
| November 18 | at No. 4 Oklahoma | Oklahoma Memorial StadiumNorman, OK (Bedlam Series) | L 7–62 | 72,339 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||

## After the season

The 1979 NFL draft was held on May 3–4, 1979. The following Cowboys were selected.
| Round | Pick | Player | Position | NFL team |
| 9 | 223 | Scott Burk | Defensive back | Cincinnati Bengals |
| 10 | 254 | Steve Stephens | Tight end | Baltimore Colts |
# Jehay-Bodegnée Castle

Jehay Castle or Jehay-Bodegnée Castle (French: Château de Jehay or Jehay-Bodegnée) is a castle situated in the municipality of Amay in Liège Province, Wallonia, Belgium.

## History

Most of the structure of the current château dates from the beginning of the 16th century. Of its medieval predecessor there remain only some vaulted basements of the former keep, dating from the 13th century. In the 19th century the castle was extensively renovated and extended by the famous architect Alphonse Balat in a sober Gothic Revival style. The beautifully decorated interior houses a collection of antique furniture, musical instruments, tapestry, paintings and other art objects.
Since the end of the 17th century the castle has been the property of the Counts van den Steen de Jehay. In the 1940s, Count Guy van den Steen de Jehay inherited the Chateau. He reported that it was a 'dark, empty shell, surrounded by flat, uncultivated fields' at the time he came into possession. He and his second wife, Lady Moyra Butler moved into the Castle in 1950, and worked to restore the Chateau. After Guy's death in 1999, the castle and its collections were acquired by Liège Province.
The domain is open to visitors every day except Mondays, between April and October. The interior of the castle is closed for restoration (situation 2015). The earliest known illustrations of this park are 18th-century works by Remacle Leloup, a Liège artist famous for his drawings and engravings of monuments and sites in the Liège region. A few bowers and chestnut groves remain from this period. The gardens were completely redesigned by the château's last resident, Count Guy van den Steen de Jehay, in the mid-twentieth century.
# Noord Nederlands Orkest

The Noord Nederlands Orkest (NNO; English, North Netherlands Symphony Orchestra) is a Dutch symphony orchestra based in Groningen. The NNO performs at De Oosterpoort in Groningen and also on a regular basis at these venues in the provinces of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe:
* Drachten, De Lawei
* Emmen, Atlas Theater
* Hoogeveen, De Tamboer
* Leeuwarden, De Harmonie
* Meppel, Schouwburg Ogterop
* Stadskanaal, Theater Geert Teis

## History

The historical roots of the NNO date back to 1862, when the Orkest der Vereeniging De Harmonie (Orchestra of the Society De Harmonie) was established in Groningen. This orchestra attained independent status in 1926 under the name Groninger Orkest Vereeniging, which was further renamed the Noordelijk Filharmonisch Orkest (NFO) in 1962. In 1989, the NFO was merged with a second orchestra, the Frysk Orkest (originally from Leeuwarden), to establish the NNO in its present form.
The orchestra's most recent managing director was Ingeborg Walinga, who was named to the post in March 2011 and formally assumed the title on 1 June 2011. Walinga concluded her tenure in the post in 2021. In October 2021, the NNO announced the appointment of Liesbeth Kok as its next managing director, effective 1 January 2022.
The NNO has made commercial recordings for such labels as Donemus and MuziekGroep Nederland, including music of Dutch composers such as Jacob van Domselaer and Jacob ter Veldhuis.

## Chief conductors

The first chief conductor of the NNO was Jacek Kaspszyk, from 1991 to 1995. Subsequent chief conductors included Hans Drewanz (1995–1997) and Viktor Liberman (1997–1999). Alexander Vedernikov held the title of principal guest conductor (vaste gastdirigent) from 2001 to 2003. Michel Tabachnik was chief conductor from 2005 to 2011, and now has the title of conductor laureate. In March 2011, the NNO announced the appointment of Stefan Asbury as its chief conductor, as of the 2011–2012 season, with an initial contract of 3 years. Asbury stood down from the post in 2015.
In 2018, Eivind Gullberg Jensen first guest-conducted the NNO. Jensen returned for two additional guest-conducting engagements, the most recent in September 2021. In October 2021, the NNO announced the appointment of Jensen as its next chief conductor, effective with the 2022–2023 season. In August 2024, the NNO announced an extension of Jensen's contract as its chief conductor through the 2026-2027 season.

### List of chief conductors

* Jacek Kaspszyk (1991–1995)
* Hans Drewanz (1995–1997)
* Viktor Liberman (1997–1999)
* Michel Tabachnik (2005–2011)
* Stefan Asbury (2011–2015)
* Eivind Gullberg Jensen (2022–present)
# Jamie Okuma

Jamie Okuma (born 1977) is a Native American visual artist and fashion designer from California. She is known for beadwork, mixed-media soft sculpture, and fashion design. She is Luiseño, Wailaki, Okinawan, and Shoshone-Bannock. She is also an enrolled member of the La Jolla band of Indians in Southern California where she is currently living and working.

## Biography

Okuma was born in Glendale, California and lived the first years of her life in Los Angeles where her mother, painter and bead artist Sandra Okuma (Luiseño/Shoshone-Bannock), worked as a graphic designer for MCA Records. When Okuma was five, her family moved to the La Jolla Indian Reservation in Pauma Valley, California. At this time, Okuma began learning beadwork, encouraged by her mother. As a child and teenager, Okuma beaded her own dance regalia for powwows and earned money sewing regalia for others. She also accompanied her mother to Native American art shows.
After high school, she completed several graphic design classes at Palomar College in San Marcos, California, and went on to attend the Institute of American Indian Arts in Santa Fe, New Mexico.

## Artwork

Okuma's beaded dolls can include entire families or horses and riders, all with fully beaded regalia. The antique Venetian beads she uses can be as small as size 22°, about the size of a grain of salt.
She eventually moved from doll clothing design and creation to high-end fashion. "I had been doing dolls, intensive bead work [sic], and shows for 15 years and had reached my limit in those fields. I needed a change and fashion was something I had planned on doing initially before I had such success with my beadwork, so the combination of beadwork familiarity along with a need to be an aspiring fashionista brought me to where I am today with what I call contemporary native fashion."

## Career

Okuma has won seven Best in Show awards, four from the Heard Indian Market in Phoenix, Arizona, and three from the Santa Fe Indian Market in Santa Fe, New Mexico. She was also awarded a First Place distinction in the textiles category at the 2012 Heard Museum Indian Fair & Market. Her work has been shown in Germany, Australia, France, and numerous art institutions throughout the United States, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. Her work is included in the permanent collections of the Minneapolis Institute of Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Nelson-Atkins Museum, and the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of the American Indian. In 2020, her art was exhibited in the landmark exhibition Hearts of Our People: Native Women Artists at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. In 2023, Okuma was inducted into The Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) and she is the first Native American designer to receive this honor.
# Tetyana Kob

Tetyana Kob (Ukrainian: Тетяна Коб, also transliterated Tetiana, born 25 October 1987) is a Ukrainian female boxer.
She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the women's flyweight.
# Uhlwiller

Uhlwiller (German: Uhlweiler) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Pir Kashan

Pir Kashan (Persian: پيركاشان, also Romanized as Pīr Kāshān) is a village in Poshtdarband Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 205, in 48 families.
# Guldborgsund Bridge

The Guldborgsund bridge (Danish: Guldborgbroen) spans the northern end of the Guldborgsund, between the islands of Lolland and Falster in Denmark. The bridge consists of two steel arched spans with a 30m central opening section having two rising bascules. It was built between 1933 and 1934, is 180m long and 7m wide, carrying two road carriageways and was officially opened by Prince Axel of Denmark on 6 October 1934.
# Ângelo (footballer, born April 1981)

Ângelo Sampaio Benedetti, or simply Ângelo (born April 7, 1981 in Campinas), is a Brazilian football defensive midfielder. He currently plays for Esporte Clube São Bento.
Ângelo has played for Ponte Preta and Fluminense in the Campeonato Brasileiro.
# Argancy

Argancy (French pronunciation:; German: Argannen) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France.
# Edmond Thibaudeau

Edmond Thibaudeau (1872-1957), was a businesman and a local politician in Shawinigan, Quebec. He was the fifth Mayor of Shawinigan Falls, from 1915 to 1917.
He was born on 20 March 1872 in Saint-Grégoire, Centre-du-Québec. He was the son of Alcide Thibaudeau and Zénaïs Thibaudeau and has Acadian ancestry.
Beginning in 1903, Thibaudeau operated a small private power plant on the Shawinigan River (Petite Rivière Shawinigan) and was therefore competing with the Shawinigan, Water & Power Company (SW&P) for the local distribution of electricity. Thibaudeau's company was bought in 1917 by the SW&P, who operated it until 1932 and then dismantled it.
Thibaudeau is remembered for his flamboyant personality. He earned his nickname, L'Orignal à Thibaudeau (Thibaudeau the Moose), when during two years he regularly rode through the streets of Shawinigan on a moose-drawn carriage.
Thibaudeau was a City Councillor of Shawinigan Falls from 1904 to 1911 and from 1913 to 1915. He successfully ran for Mayor in 1915 against incumbent Joseph-Auguste Frigon.
Under his tenure the first streets (Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth streets) were paved.
Thibaudeau was defeated by Joseph-Auguste Frigon in 1917.
He died in 1957.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 Fabien LaRochelle, Shawinigan depuis 75 ans, 1976, pp. 144-152
* 1 2 Omer Lemay, J.-Edmond Thibaudeau (1873-1957) Pionnier de l’électricité, constructeur d’aqueducs et inventeur, 2008, Société d'histoire et de généalogie de Shawinigan
* ↑ Joseph-Edmond Thibaudeau, Généalogistes associés
* ↑ La centrale de Joseph Edmond Thibodeau, Appartenance Mauricie Société d'histoire régionale
* ↑ Gérard Filteau, Épopée de Shawinigan, 1943
* ↑ "Joseph-Edmond Thibaudeau". Archived from the original on 2005-04-09. Retrieved 2007-07-06.
# Zolakar

Zolakar (Armenian: Զոլաքար), is a village in the Martuni Municipality of the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia.

## Etymology

The village was known as Zolakhach until 1935.

## History

The village was founded in 1829 by emigrants from Alashkert. Zolakar is home to the historic St. George's Church, Tukh Manuk chapels, as well as Bronze Age cemeteries. In the center of the village is a funerary monument.

## Gallery

* St. George's Church of Zolakar
* Khachkars in Zolakar
* Zolakar cemetery
* St. Hovhannes Chapel
* Zolakar cemetery
* Scenery around Zolakar
* St. George's Church of Zolakar
# Mecé

Mecé (French pronunciation:; Breton: Mezieg; Gallo: Meczaé) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department of Brittany in northwestern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Mecé are called Mecéens in French.
# Can't Stay Away

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Rolling Stone | |
| The Source | |
Can't Stay Away is the eleventh studio album by American rapper Too Short. It was released on July 13, 1999, via Jive Records, making it his eighth album on the label. The album received generally positive reviews from critics and was a commercial success, certified Gold on August 13, 1999, only a month after its release. This is Too Short's fourth consecutive album to reach the top of the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.
The album was preceded by the singles "Invasion of the Flat Booty Bitches" which rose to number 51 on Billboard's Hot 100 chart in September 1998, and "More Freaky Tales" which hit number 3 on the Hot Rap chart in January 1999. A music video was produced for the song "Ain't No Bitches". "It's About That Money" with Sean "Puffy" Combs was released as a single to accompany the album in mid-1999, but it missed the Hot 100 by four places in August. The Village Voice called out "It's About That Money" and "Here We Go" as the best two songs on the album, the rest are described as Too Short's usual "trunk funk" style.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Zlotshev

Zlotshev (Yiddish: זלאָטשעוו‎) can refer to:
* Zolochiv, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine
* Złoczew, Poland
* Zlotshov (Hasidic dynasty), a Hasidic dynasty founded in Zolochiv
# Jehizdan

Jehizdan (Persian: جهيزدان, also Romanized as Jehīzdān; also known as Jehezdān) is a village in Abarghan Rural District, in the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 634, in 149 families.
# Na Yung–Nam Som National Park

Na Yung–Nam Som National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาตินายูง-น้ำโสม) is a national park in Nam Som District, Udon Thani Province, Thailand.

## Geography

Na Yung–Nam Som National Park is in the area where Udon Thani, Loei, and Nong Khai Provinces meet. The topography condition is slope complex mountainous above 200–500 m in elevation. The highest peak is Phu Ya-u at about 588 m. The forest condition is still abundant. The park is the main source of the area's rivers and streams, such as Huai Nam Som and Huai Tat Ton. Soils are sandy loam in dry evergreen and mixed deciduous forests and lateritic soils in dry dipterocarp forests. Most of the rocks found are sandstone.

## History

The area became a forest park in December 1975. Anno 2022 it is still a national park in preparation, with an area of 248,259 rai ~ 397 square kilometres (153 sq mi).

## Climate

Due to the monsoon, summers are hot, about 40 °C between March and May. The rainy season runs from June to October and the winter from November to February with the temperature of about 10-20 °C. Rainfall is about 1,000-1,500 mm yearly.

## Flora and fauna

Forest conditions are dry dipterocarp forests distributed along foothills and hill ranges. The main species are Shorea obtasa, S. siamensis, and Dipterocarpus tuberculatus. Lower plants are Vietnamosasa pusilla, Curcuma sp. Down the valley is mixed deciduous forest, Dalbergia oliveri, Xylia xylocarpa, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Sindora siamensis, and various species of bamboo such as Gigantochloa albocilliata, Bambusa bambos, Dendrocalamus sp. are found. Along the riverside is dry evergreen forest, Afzelia xylocarpa Anisoptera costata, Dipterocarpus spp. Lagerstoemia spp., Hopea sp. Symbiosis species like orchid and fern are present. Undergrowth species are rattan, palm, and herbs.

## Sights
### Pha Daeng Viewpoint

Pha Daeng viewpoint is about 1,500 m from the national park office. Along the nature trail to Yung Thong Waterfall, Pha Daeng is sandstone slope cliff, where a large beautiful lower scenery can be observed. Next to Pha Daeng, there is a tiny cave that used to be a meditation site for Luang Pu Man Phurithatto. Yung Thong Waterfall Nature Trail passes Yung Thong and Tat Noi Waterfalls and Pha Daeng Viewpoint for 2,000 m.
# If to Believe Lopotukhin...

If We Believe Lopotukhin... (Russian: Если верить Лопотухину…, romanized: Esli verit Lopotukhinu...) is a 1983 Soviet two-part science fiction-comedy film directed by Mikhail Kozakov.

## Plot

Vasya Lopotukhin who comes late for the mathematics exam says that he met with a representative of extraterrestrial civilization, or, more simply, a humanoid who flew on a ZAZ Zaporozhets without wheels and is very similar to the school headmaster, only he also wore a helmet. Vasya is forced to renounce his stories about the stranger at the general school meeting, but whether to believe him or not, each of the participants in this story decides for himself.

## Cast

* Grisha Evseev — Vasya Lopotukhin
* Leonid Bronevoy — Yuri Leonidovich, school director / humanoid
* Svetlana Kryuchkova — Alla Konstantinovna, teacher of mathematics
* Boryslav Brondukov — Uncle Kolya
* Vitaly Leonov (Stepan Ivanovich) and Ivan Ufimtsev (Ivan Stepanovich) — Friends of Uncle Kolya
* Vasya Arkanov — Shafirov
* Natasha Zbrueva — Malakhova
* Anton Narkevich — Pavlov
* Maxim Kondratiev — Petrov
* Maksim Shirokov — Poluektov