OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henri François Anne de Roussel

Henri François Anne de Roussel (11 July 1748, Saint-Bômer-les-Forges – 17 February 1812, Caen) was a French naturalist.
He studied humanities and philosophy at the University of Caen, obtaining the rank of "maître ès-arts" in 1767. Afterwards he studied medicine in Caen, relocating to Paris in 1771, where he furthered his education. In 1773 he was appointed to the chair of medicine at Caen, where in 1786, he attained the chair of medical botany. Later on, he served as a professor of experimental physics and chemistry at the École centrale du Calvados.

## Principal works

* Tableau des plantes usuelles rangées par ordre : suivant les rapports de leurs principes et de leurs propriétés, 1792 - Table of conventional plants, arranged in order according to reports of their principles and properties.
* Flore du Calvados et terreins adjacents, 1796 - Flora of Calvados and adjacent areas.
* Élémens de chymie et de physique expérimentale : à l'usage des Écoles centrales de Calvados, 1798 - Elements of chemistry and experimental physics, as utilized at the Écoles centrales du Calvados.

## Taxa

* Gymnopus (Persoon) Roussel, 1806 (family Marasmiaceae).
* Mycena (Persoon) Roussel, 1806 (family Mycenaceae).
# Niderhoff

Niderhoff (French pronunciation:; German: Niederhof) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Hanyandar

Hanyandar (Persian: هنياندر, also Romanized as Hanyāndar; also known as Handyāndar) is a village in Poshtdarband Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 111, in 22 families.
# Nushin

Nushin (Persian: نوشين) is a city in, and the capital of, Nazlu District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Nazlu-ye Shomali Rural District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 6,731 in 1,626 households. The following census in 2011 counted 7,183 people in 1,961 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 8,380 people in 2,311 households.
# Traverse stage

A traverse stage, also commonly known as an alley, corridor stage, tennis court, or catwalk, is a form of theatrical (theatre stage) in which the audience is predominantly on two sides of the stage, facing towards each other.

## Design

There are many practical implications for the actor performing on a traverse stage, such as the need for greater projection of voice (when the actor faces one audience, they turn their back to the other) and to make sure that every action is visible to both sides of the audience. From a design perspective, staging is very limited so as not to block sight lines across the stage. This means that audiences on either side get two perspectives and might experience very different shows. Furthermore, lighting the stage from one side only will cast a shadow over the actors' faces when viewed from the opposite side.

## Variants

In some traverse stages, one end of the stage space may also end in audience, making it similar to a thrust or three-quarter round stage. Other times, the ends of the stage are much larger than the traverse stage itself allowing for more space for actors, sets, and scenery. Although not commonly used for the production of plays, this form of staging is especially popular for catwalks.
# Sitamarhi Lok Sabha constituency

Sitamarhi is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India.

## Assembly segments

Presently, Sitamarhi Lok Sabha constituency comprises the following six Vidhan Sabha segments:
| # | Name | District | Member | Party | 2024 lead |
| 24 | Bathnaha (SC) | Sitamarhi | Anil Kumar | BJP | JD(U) |
| 25 | Parihar | Sitamarhi | Gayatri Devi | BJP | RJD |
| 26 | Sursand | Sitamarhi | Dilip Ray | JD(U) | JD(U) |
| 27 | Bajpatti | Sitamarhi | Mukesh Kumar Yadav | RJD | JD(U) |
| 28 | Sitamarhi | Sitamarhi | Mithilesh Kumar | BJP | JD(U) |
| 29 | Runnisaidpur | Sitamarhi | Pankaj Mishra | JD(U) | JD(U) |

## Members of Parliament

| Year | Name | Party |
| 1957 | J. B. Kripalani | Praja Socialist Party |
| 1962 | Nagendra Prasad Yadav | Indian National Congress |
| 1967 | Nagendra Prasad Yadav | Indian National Congress |
| 1971 | Nagendra Prasad Yadav | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Shyam Sunder Das | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Bali Ram Bhagat | Indian National Congress (U) |
| 1984 | Ram Shreshth Khirhar | Indian National Congress |
| 1989 | Hukumdeo Narayan Yadav | Janata Dal |
| 1991 | Nawal Kishore Rai | Janata Dal |
| 1996 | Nawal Kishore Rai | Janata Dal |
| 1998 | Sitaram Yadav | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
| 1999 | Nawal Kishore Rai | Janata Dal (United) |
| 2004 | Sitaram Yadav | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
| 2009 | Arjun Ray | Janata Dal (United) |
| 2014 | Ram Kumar Sharma | Rashtriya Lok Samata Party |
| 2019 | Sunil Kumar Pintu | Janata Dal (United) |
| 2024 | Devesh Chandra Thakur | Janata Dal (United) |

## Election results
### 2024

2024 Indian general elections: Sitamarhi :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | JD(U) | Devesh Chandra Thakur | 515,719 | 47.14 |
| | RJD | Arjun Ray | 4,64,363 | 42.45 |
| | Independent | Saiqua Nawaz Azmat | 28,912 | 2.64 |
| | NOTA | NOTA | 32,133 | 2.94 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 51,356 | 4.69 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,93,992 | |
| | JD(U) hold | JD(U) hold | Swing | |

### 2019

2019 Indian general elections: Sitamarhi :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | JD(U) | Sunil Kumar Pintu | 567,745 | 54.65 |
| | RJD | Arjun Ray | 3,17,206 | 30.53 |
| | IND. | Dharmendra Kumar | 20,487 | 1.97 |
| | IND. | Vinod Sah | 17,724 | 1.71 |
| | IND. | Mahesh Nandan Singh | 17,270 | 1.66 |
| | IND. | Ramesh Kumar Mishra | 11,056 | 1.06 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,50,539 | 24.12 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,39,600 | 59.32 |
| | JD(U) gain from RLSP | JD(U) gain from RLSP | Swing | |

### 2014

2014 Indian general elections: Sitamarhi :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | RLSP | Ram Kumar Sharma | 4,11,265 | 45.67 | +45.67 |
| | RJD | Sitaram Yadav | 2,63,300 | 29.24 | +8.64 |
| | JD(U) | Arjun Ray | 97,188 | 10.79 | −29.57 |
| | IND. | Mahesh Nandan Singh | 20,613 | 2.29 | +2.29 |
| | AAP | Kishori Das | 18,043 | 2.00 | +2.00 |
| | AITC | Rajeev Ranjan | 11,250 | 1.25 | +1.25 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,47,965 | 16.43 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,00,588 | 57.18 | |
| | RLSP gain from JD(U) | RLSP gain from JD(U) | Swing | | |
# Orton Grain

Orton Irwin Grain (August 9, 1863 – February 2, 1930) was a Canadian physician and politician in Manitoba. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1899 to 1903, and again from 1907 to 1913.
Grain was born in Fergus, Canada West, the son of William Grain, a native of Gibraltar, and Mary Orton, the sister of Dr. G. T. Orton, and attended schools in Fergus and the Toronto School of Medicine. He was assistant surgeon of the 91st battalion in Canada. Grain was one of the charter holders of the Winnipeg and Northern Railway, and served as mayor of Selkirk in 1896. In religion, he was a member of the Church of England. He practised medicine in Banff, Alberta, Manitou, Manitoba, Winnipeg and Selkirk. In 1890, Grain married Annie Cull.
He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1899 provincial election, winning the constituency of Kildonan and St. Andrews as a Liberal-Conservative. He supported the Conservative administration of Hugh John Macdonald and Rodmond Roblin, and sat as a government backbencher in the legislature which followed. Running as a Conservative, he lost to Liberal candidate M.J. O'Donohue by five votes in the 1903 election.
Grain defeated O'Donahue by 41 votes in the 1907 election, and again served as a backbench supporter of Roblin's government. He was re-elected in the 1910 election, and resigned from the legislature in 1913.
In late 1913, he was named medical inspector for the western provinces for the Canadian Department of Indian Affairs, charged with dealing with the problem of tuberculosis on first nations reserves and, at the same time, with reducing expenses incurred by the department. Grain made a number of suggestions for treating tuberculosis on reserves, but these were rejected for economic reasons. His position in the department was abolished in 1918.
In 1914, Grain moved to Winnipeg. He died at home there in 1930.
# Amphidromus cognatus

Amphidromus cognatus, the cognate land snail, is a large camaenid land snail endemic to Australia.

## Taxonomy

Its subgeneric placement is Incertae sedis.

## Description

Amphidromus cognatus is large, with a shell length ranging from 21–33 mm (0.8–1.3 inches) and a diameter of 12–17 mm (0.5–0.7 inches). The ground colour of its shell is yellow, often with a peripheral spiral brown band, a purplish apical suffusion and a light yellow or white lip.

## Distribution

Amphidromus cognatus has only been found in a restricted geographic range in Australia's Northern Territory.
The snail was first described in 1907, from three specimens found at Port Essington on the Cobourg Peninsula before 1850, although it was not found there since. Several sightings were made between 1976 and 1980, at one site on Bathurst Island and three sites at Melville Island.

## Conservation status

Amphidromus cognatus is considered Endangered by the IUCN (World Conservation Union). The species is not listed on the Australian government's list of threatened fauna, but the Northern Territory government considers it Vulnerable.
# Dong River (South Korea)

The Dong River (Korean: 동강) is a river in Yeongwol and Jeongseon county, South Korea. It remains the cleanest river and region in a country that has undergone sharp industrial development. It is a tributary to the South Han River that covers an area of 60 km. The Donggang River follows a snake-like path splitting the chiselled cliffs surrounding it. Many tourists visit the area to see rare animals such as otters, Mandarin ducks, and Chinese scop owls. It is largely recommended to experience rafting in Donggang. However, the tourists are getting together year by year and water pollution is concerned within river area.

## Formation of river

The Donggang River area is formed by limestone layers formed about four hundred and fifty million years ago. It is reported to have formed present topography by the effect of faulting and folding about 2 hundred million years ago. Donggang River shows the topography of the incised meander river affected by river movement for several hundred years.
Presently, accumulation and erosion caused by river movement are continuously in progress.

## Environment

Twelve kinds of natural products such as otter, eoreumchi, mandarin duck, kestrel, and brown hawk owl are living in the Donggang River area. Also, uncountable kinds are the ones that are being preserved, and animals and plants that are indigenous to Korea are taking place. Also, the so-called Donggang River wind flow, which faces the sky as it grows, found in this area has not been reported in academics. In February 2000, the white-tailed eagle, a rare bird of the world, at Hapsumeori, the lower reaches of Donggang River. Thus, the ecological characteristics of Donggang River can be explained in 2 words, rarity.

## People and culture

Since the New Stone Age, people started living in the Donggang River area. And, as they were living in that area until now, they formed a unique culture. Bawigeuneul remains of Goseong-ri, Sogol remains of Deokcheon-ri and remains of Unchi-ri is the New Stone Age remains of Donggang River area; Sogol remains of Deokcheon-ri, remains of Unchi-ri, dolmen remains of Goseong-ri, dolmen remains of Jejang, dolmen remains of Gyuram-ri, and dolmen remains of Samok-ri are of the Bronze Age.
Jeongseon Arirang, the representative of the famous musical culture of this area, is formed with raft culture. It is a precious document that shows the lifestyle of people in the Donggang River area. Also, in the Donggang River area, legends and folk tales of dragon (yong in Korean)
About 2000 people of 600 homes are living in 10 ris (Samok-ri, Geoun-ri, Munsan-ri, Maha-ri, Gihwa-ri, Deokcheon-ri, Goseong-ri, Unchi-ri, Gasu-ri, Gyuram-ri, and Yongtan-ri). Most of them engage in farming. Some of them made farming fields even in rough mountain hills.
Most houses in the Donggang River area are built with old yellow clay walls, except for a few open houses.
# Kahanguiyeh

Kahanguiyeh (Persian: كهنگوئيه, also Romanized as Kahangū’īyeh) is a village in the Rezvan Rural District, Jebalbarez District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 33, in 7 families.
# Federal Public Planning Service Science Policy

The Federal Public Planning Service Science Policy (Dutch: Programmatorische Federale Overheidsdienst Wetenschapsbeleid; French: Service public fédéral de programmation Politique scientifique; German: Föderaler Öffentlicher Programmierungsdienst Wissenschaftspolitik) or Belgian Science Policy Office, Federal Science Policy, known by the acronym BELSPO, is the federal government body responsible for research policy in Belgium. It designs and implements research programmes and networks and manages the participation of Belgium in European and international organisations. BELSPO supervises Belgian federal scientific organisations.

## History

Formal political and administrative coordination of the Belgian science policy was begun with the creation of the first government organisations in 1959. These included the Interministerial Commission for Science Policy (ICSP) and the National Council for Science Policy (NCSP). In 1968, the Science Policy Office (SPO) was established as a Belgian State administration.
BELSPO was previously known as the Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs (OSTC), which name was changed following the Copernic reform of Belgium's federal administration.

## Federal scientific and cultural institutions

* Belgian Co-ordinated Collections of Micro-organisms
* Center for Historical Research and Documentation on War and Contemporary Society
* Geological Survey of Belgium
* National and Provincial State Archives (State Archives in Belgium)
* Planetarium
* Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
* Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy
* Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage
* Royal Library of Belgium
* Royal Meteorological Institute
* Royal Museum for Central Africa
* Royal Museums for Art and History
* Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
* Royal Observatory of Belgium
* Sciensano

## Federal scientific and cultural partner institutions

* Academia Belgica in Rome
* Cinematek
* Euro Space Center
* Royal Academy of Overseas Sciences
* Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics
# Janipur Union

Janipur Union (Bengali: জানিপুর ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Khoksa Upazila, in Kushtia District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 38.48 square kilometres (14.86 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 14,385. There are 16 villages and 10 mouzas in the union.
# Karin Amatmoekrim

Karin Amatmoekrim (born 25 December 1976) is a Surinamese writer. She has written five novels and won the 2009 Black Magic Woman Literature Prize for Titus and was awarded the 2024 Dutch biography prize for In wat voor een land leef ik eigenlijk?, a biography on Anil Ramdas.

## Biography

Karin Amatmoekrim was born on 25 December 1976 in Paramaribo, Suriname. In 1981, she emigrated from Suriname to the Netherlands and grew up in IJmuiden. She attended the Gymnasium in Velsen, and then studied Modern Literature at the University of Amsterdam, graduating with a thesis on "The ethnicity in Literature in Suriname".
In 2004, she published her first novel, Het knipperleven ("The glare of life"), which was enthusiastically received by the press. In 2006, it was followed by Wanneer wij samen zijn ("When we are together"), a novel based on the story of several generations of the Amatmoekrim family. In 2009 appeared the novel Titus. Amatmoekrim has also published short stories in De Groene Amsterdammer and Vrij Nederland. Her PhD-research in modern literature, studying the work and life of Anil Ramdas and his ideas on identity, multiculturalism, populism and the role of the black intellectual in western societies. The dissertation on Ramdas has been published as a biography.
Karin Amatmoekrim is married to Jesse Smit, the founder of the brand FreshCotton. She has two children, Sumina Smit (15) and Lee Benjamin Smit (10).

## Awards

In 2009, she was the first recipient of the Black Magic Woman Literature Prize for her novel Titus. In 2024 she was awarded the 2024 Dutch biography prize for her biography In wat voor een land leef ik eigenlijk? about Anil Ramdas.

## Selected works

* 2004: Het knipperleven (The flash life)
* 2006: Wanneer wij samen zijn (When we are together)
* 2009: Titus (Titus)
* 2011: Het gym (The gymnasium)
* 2013: De man van veel (The man of many)
* 2016: Tenzij de vader (Unless the father)
* 2023: In wat voor land leef ik eigenlijk? : Anil Ramdas, onmogelijk kosmopoliet (In what country do I live?)
# De Vuelta y Vuelta

De Vuelta y Vuelta is the third album by Spanish Rock group Jarabe de Palo, released in 2001.

## Track listing

* De Vuelta y Vuelta – 5:44
* Tiempo (featuring Vico-C & Jovanotti) – 4:43
* En lo Puro No Hay Futuro – 3:25
* Dos Días en la Vida – 6:21
* La Luz de Tu Corazón – 4:18
* Completo Incompleto – 3:18
* Cara de Azul – 3:49
* Agustito Con la Vida – 3:21
* De los Libros (No Se Aprende) – 3:09
* Viaje Para Locos – 4:23
* Mamá – 7:48

## Charts

| Chart (2001) | Peak position |
| US Top Latin Albums (Billboard) | 46 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | 2× Platinum | 200,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Aching Hearts

Aching Hearts (Danish: Kærestesorger) is a 2009 Danish drama film directed by Nils Malmros.
# Zaboli Mahalleh-ye Sofla

Zaboli Mahalleh-ye Sofla (Persian: زابلي محله سفلي, also Romanized as Zābolī Maḩalleh-ye Soflá; also known as Zābol Maḩalleh-ye Pā’īn and Zābolī Maḩalleh-ye Pā’īn) is a village in Jafarbay-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Torkaman County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 354, in 84 families.
# George Avery Young

George Avery Young (23 March 1866 – 21 January 1900) was an English-born sportsman who played international rugby union for Wales and cricket for Glamorgan.

## Rugby career

Although born in Tynemouth in the North of England, Young moved to Wales where he came to note as a sportsman. His first major club was Cardiff, and while playing with the Blue and Blacks he was selected to represent Wales in the country's opening game of the 1886 Home Nations Championship, against England. Under the captaincy of Charlie Newman, Young was one of five Cardiff players to represent Wales on the day, with teammates Billy Douglas and Dai Lewis joining Young as first caps. His second and final cap was the next game of the 1886 Championship, this time against Scotland, which Wales again lost.
During the 1886/87 season, Young was given the captaincy of Cardiff, which he held for two seasons.

### International games played

Wales
* England 1886
* Scotland 1886
# Gardangah

Gardangah (Persian: گردنگاه, also Romanized as Gardangāh; also known as Gardanga, Gardenak, and Gerdang) is a village in Ludab Rural District, Ludab District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 137, in 32 families.
# Camponotus sericeus

Camponotus sericeus is a species of carpenter ant (genus Camponotus) widely distributed in the Afrotropical and oriental regions. Additionally, Camponotus sericeus is known as a common pest that damages structures and is very difficult to get rid of.

## Subspecies

* Camponotus sericeus euchrous Santschi, 1926
* Camponotus sericeus peguensis Emery, 1895
* Camponotus sericeus sanguiniceps Donisthorpe, 1942
* Camponotus sericeus sulgeri Santschi, 1913
# Firkin Brewery

The Firkin Brewery was a chain of pubs in the United Kingdom. The original UK chain is now defunct, but a number of pubs operate under the Firkin name in other countries. The chain took its name from the firkin, an old English unit of volume.

## History

The chain was established in 1979 by David Bruce as Bruce's Brewery, the Firkin Brewery grew as a chain of mostly brewpubs offering cask ale. It was acquired by Midsummer Leisure in 1988, Stakis Leisure in 1990 and then by Allied Domecq in 1991; by 1995 the chain had 44 pubs, 19 of which brewed beer on site. In 1999, Punch Taverns bought the entire chain and the rights to the Firkin brand, and then sold 110 of the pubs to Bass, leaving 60 Firkin pubs under Punch ownership. The brewery side of the chain was wound up, and in March 2001 Punch announced that the Firkin brand was to be discontinued.
After several corporate restructurings, most of the Bass sites ended up in the Mitchells and Butlers pub company formed in 2003. Many have been rebranded as O'Neill's, Scream, or Goose pubs; the Scream and Goose sites were among those sold to Stonegate Pub Company in 2010. Some of the Punch Taverns-owned Firkins were rebranded as Mr Q's or Bar Room Bar pubs. A small handful of establishments still retain the Firkin branding, distinctive because they all followed the same naming convention. The format was generally The ---- and Firkin, where ---- was a word, beginning with either "F" or "Ph", which had some connection to the pub building or to the local area.
The Firkin Brewery also gave out T-shirts for anyone who managed at least 12 pubs in the Firkin Crawl. A "passport", issued by the Brewery, would be filled with a stamp from each pub visited, and public transport directions to the nearest pub in the crawl would also be in the "passport". Although there was no stipulation in the rules that the 12 pubs had to be completed on the same day, this was often the goal of participants.

## Firkin pubs outside the UK
### North America

Firkin pubs in Canada and the United States operate under the Firkin Group of Pubs franchise, a chain of English theme pubs founded in southern Ontario in 1987. The naming scheme for the pubs is similar to that of the UK chain (for example, "The Crown and Firkin", in Whitby, Ontario), and many Firkin Group pubs in fact share their names with former UK Firkin Brewery pubs. In the United States, the franchise pubs are named with "Firkin" first, as in "The Firkin & Fox" as opposed to "The Fox & Firkin".
The pub chain once credited itself as being the "largest and fastest growing" group of pubs in North America. Lately the claim is "largest & most dominant chain of traditional English pubs" in North America. About 10 pubs have closed out of the about 25 pubs that have opened since 2005. New pubs have opened about every 6 months, keeping the overall number of open pubs around 15. Typically the demographic ranges from parents with children during the day to an older drinking crowd in the evenings and late night.

### Australia

A number of independent English-style pubs in Australia use "Firkin" in their names, such as the Firkin and Hound in Alice Springs.
# Life of Maharaja Sir Jung Bahadur of Nepal

Life of Maharaja Sir Jung Bahadur of Nepal (Nepali: जङ्गबहादुरको जीवनयात्रा) is a 1909 biography of Jung Bahadur Rana, founder of the Rana dynasty, written by Padma Jung Rana. The book gives an account of detailed information about Jung Bahadur. It is generally regarded as being filial biased and lacking research.