OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Söding

Paul Heinrich Söding (born 20 February 1933 in Dresden, Germany) is a German physicist. He is best known for his work in particle physics and as former director of research of the German particle physics lab DESY.

## Career

Paul Söding studied physics at the universities of Hamburg and Munich in Germany. He was the first doctoral student of Willibald Jentschke in Hamburg. In 1964 he received his doctorate from the University of Hamburg. He subsequently did research at the University of California, Berkeley, Cornell University in New York and the European particle physics research lab CERN.
In 1969 he became senior scientist at the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) in Hamburg. There he and his colleagues at the TASSO detector used the PETRA positron-electron accelerator to observe the first direct evidence of the gluon, the elementary particle that mediates the strong nuclear force.
For that discovery, he was awarded together with Bjørn Wiik, Günter Wolf, and Sau Lan Wu) with the Prize for High Energy and Particle Physics of the European Physical Society. As research director at DESY from 1982 till 1991 he contributed to the research program at the HERA accelerator.
His efforts to get the Tetraelectronvolt Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator (TESLA) built at DESY were not successful. The project was, however, merged into the International Linear Collider (ILC) plans.
After the German reunification in 1990, the former GDR institute for high energy physics at Zeuthen near Berlin was integrated into DESY. Paul Söding became director of this institute in 1991. It is mainly due to his efforts that the Zeuthen institute has gained global recognition. He retired from this position in 1998. In 1998 he was granted emeritus status.
In 2001 his efforts were recognized with the German Federal Cross of Merit (First Class) Medal awarded by the German President.
As of 2012 he is still active at the Humboldt University of Berlin.

## Publications

He was co-author of the "Review of particle properties" for several years. He was one of the original members of the "Meson Team" later renamed to the Particle Data Group. He left the team in 1975. He wrote and co-authored several books in English and German and many papers on particle physics.
# Wintzenheim-Kochersberg

Wintzenheim-Kochersberg (German: Winzenheim-Kochersberg) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Gakiyeh, Miyan Darband

Gakiyeh (Persian: گاكيه, also Romanized as Gākīyeh and Gākeyeh; also known as Gakīa) is a village in Miyan Darband Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 351, in 76 families.
# Andreas von Bülow

Andreas von Bülow (born 17 July 1937) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and writer. He was Minister for Research and Technology from 1980 to 1982. Von Bülow has authored books about intelligence agencies, including In the Name of the State. CIA, BND and the criminal machinations of secret services. (German: Im Namen des Staates. CIA, BND und die kriminellen Machenschaften der Geheimdienste.) and The CIA and 11 September (Die CIA und der 11. September). He holds a doctorate degree in Jurisprudence.

## Political career

Bülow, a member of the Bülow family, served as secretary of state in the German Federal Ministry of Defence (1976–1980) and Minister for Research and Technology (1980–1982), both during the Chancellor Helmut Schmidt administration, and was regarded as a "rising star" of German politics at the time. He served for 25 years as an SPD member of the German parliament (1969–1994). In the late eighties and early nineties, he served on the parliamentary committee on intelligence services ("Parlamentarischer Kontrollausschuss"). This committee supervises German intelligence agencies and has access to classified information. In the early nineties, Bülow also served as SPD ranking member of the Schalck-Golodkowski investigation committee, a task that first led him to inquire into white collar crime in connection with Eastern intelligence services, and later also into what he labels "criminal activities" of Western intelligence services. His first major publication dealing with this realm, In the Name of the State (German: Im Namen des Staates) is a heavily referenced and extensive study focusing mostly on the CIA. Since leaving the Bundestag, he has largely left the SPD's political loop.

## 9/11

Bülow wrote a book called The CIA and 11 September (German: Die CIA und der 11. September), in which he implies US government complicity in the September 11, 2001 attacks.
    Planning the attacks was a master deed, in technical and organizational terms. To hijack four big airliners within a few minutes and fly them into targets within a single hour and doing so on complicated flight routes! That is unthinkable, without backing from the secret apparatuses of state and industry. Tagesspiegel, 13. Jan. 2002
At his home in Bonn, he told an interviewer for The Daily Telegraph : "If what I say is right, the whole US government should end up behind bars" and '"They have hidden behind a veil of secrecy and destroyed the evidence – that they invented the story of 19 Muslims working within Osama bin Laden's al-Qa'eda – in order to hide the truth of their own covert operation." .

## Affiliations

He is a member of:
* Scholars for 9/11 Truth and Justice.
* Axis for Peace Conference.
# Hans Christian Andersen Museum

The Hans Christian Andersen Museum, or H.C. Andersens Odense, is a set of museums/buildings dedicated to the famous author Hans Christian Andersen in Odense, Denmark, some of which, at various times in history, have functioned as the main Odense-based museum on the author.
They variously comprise the H.C. Andersen Museum (existing museum), the H.C. Andersen Birthplace (original museum), the H.C. Andersen Childhood Home, and even Møntergården (city museum). A new installation called House of Fairytales (called New H.C. Andersen Museum) is planned to open in late 2020.
They are administered and managed by Odense City Museums, a department of the Odense Municipality.

## H.C. Andersen's Birthplace

The birthplace (Danish: H.C. Andersen's Hus) is located in the building which is thought his birthplace (not conclusively confirmed), a small yellow house on the corner of 45 Hans Jensens Stræde and Bangs Boder street in the old town. In 1908, the house was reopened as the H.C. Andersen Museum. It documents his life from his childhood years as the son of a shoemaker to his schooling, career as an author, and later life, with artifacts providing an insight into his acquaintances and adventures. The birthplace is also known as H.C. Andersen's House, after the plaque at the front door Danish: H.C. Andersen's Hus.

## H.C. Andersen's Childhood Home

Andersen's childhood home (Danish: H.C. Andersens Barndomshjem) is at 3-5 Munkemøllestræde, not far from the cathedral. He lived in the little half-timbered house from the age of two until he was 14. Opened as a museum in 1930, the house contains an exhibition of the cobbling tools used by his father and other items based on Andersen's own descriptions.

## H.C. Andersen Museum

The museum is located at 11 Claus Bergs Gade, and comprises exhibits and collections from Andersen's works and life.

## Planned House of Fairytales

In 2016, it was announced that Japanese architect, Kengo Kuma, and museum design consultancy, Event Communications, had won an international competition to design a new House of Fairytales concept for the Hans Christian Andersen Museum (also called the New Hans Christian Andersen Museum). Kuma's designs revolve around "a series of cylindrical volumes with glass and latticed timber facades, and scooped green roofs". Event Communications said that the museum would follow an "immersive theatre" that "taps into a fundamental aspect of fairytales – they are journeys where the line between the everyday and the transformative is blurred". The project is being managed by Odense City Museums and plans are for it to open in late 2020.

## Gallery

* Birthplace and original museum (45 Hans Jensens Stræde)
* Childhood Home (3-5 Munkemøllestræde)
* Current museum, rear view (11 Claus Bergs Gade)
# The Great War (2019 film)

The Great War is a 2019 American war drama film written and directed by Steven Luke and starring Bates Wilder, Hiram A. Murray, Billy Zane and Ron Perlman.

## Plot

In the closing days of the First World War, a young Army captain (Bates Wilder) is tasked by the American commander, General John J. Pershing (Ron Perlman), with rescuing a regiment of African-American soldiers trapped behind enemy lines. In doing so, he confronts not only the perils of the mission, but the racism of many of the white soldiers towards their Black comrades-in-arms.

## Cast

* Bates Wilder as Captain William Rivers
* Aaron Courteau as Sergeant Allistor Richardson
* Hiram A. Murray as Private John Cain
* Billy Zane as Colonel Jack Morrison
* Ron Perlman as General John J. Pershing
* Edgar Damatian as Private Cardinni
* Judah McFadden as Private Pinchelli
* Andrew Stecker as Corporal Anson Kirby
* Cody Fleury as Private O'Malley
* Jeremy Michael Pereira as Captain A.J. Stevens

## Reception

The film has a 17% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
# Crunchy Black

Darnell Lorenzo Carlton, known professionally as Crunchy Black, is an American rapper, hype man and dancer best known for being a member of the Memphis rap group Three 6 Mafia and its affiliated Hypnotize Camp Posse, Prophet Posse, and Da Mafia 6ix.

## Career

He was a longtime member of the Oscar-winning hip hop group Three 6 Mafia from the group's founding until 2006. At the 78th Academy Awards in 2006, Three 6 Mafia members Juicy J and DJ Paul, along with Frayser Boy, won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp". Crunchy left Three 6 Mafia over monetary disputes involving his desire to forward his solo career. Black's debut solo album entitled On My Own was released on September 19, 2006. Crunchy has said this album was released by DJ Paul and Juicy J without his permission. Crunchy's second solo album, From Me To You is also said to have been put out without his permission by DJ Paul and Juicy J. From Me to You reached 12 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart, 32 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop chart, and 10 on the Billboard Top Rap albums chart. "On My Own" reached 3 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart, 163 on the Billboard 200, 15 on the Billboard Independent Albums chart, 28 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop chart, and 13 on the Billboard Top Rap Albums chart.
In 2013, Crunchy Black joined Da Mafia 6ix, a reincarnation of Three 6 Mafia with DJ Paul, Lord Infamous, Koopsta Knicca and Gangsta Boo.
Crunchy contributed heavily to Platinum albums When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1, and Most Known Unknown, as well as Gold albums Da Unbreakables, and Chapter 2: World Domination with Three 6 Mafia. Crunchy is known for g-walking, which he says he started doing in Memphis Clubs but admits he is not the originator.
He was shot in the face and the leg in Las Vegas on July 1, 2012 and recovered very quickly from the injuries and was released from the hospital just days after the shooting.

## Legal issues

In March 2014, Crunchy Black was arrested on two domestic violence charges and one possession of cocaine charge in Minnesota. Three felony warrants were issued by Stearns County, Minnesota. All three warrants carry nationwide extradition. He was incarcerated and has since been freed.

## Discography

| On My Own (album) | Released: 2006 |
| From Me to You (album) | Released: 2007 |
| Crunch Time (EP) | Released: 2008 |
| Hypnotize Minds Presents the Blackness (mixtape) | Released: 2011 |
| The Streets Need to Eat (mixtape) | Released: 2012 |
| Money Ain't Nothing to Play With (album) | Released: 2015 |
| Hood (with La Chat) (album) | Released: 2022 |
# Didier Santini

Didier Santini (born 7 September 1968) is a French football manager and former player who manages Rodez of the French second division.
He spent the majority of his playing career in the top two divisions of French football with Marseille, Bastia, Toulouse and Lille. In the 2001–02 season, he had a spell with Scottish Premier League side Livingston.

## Coaching career

After retiring, Santini began his coaching career as a youth coach for SC Bastia. Santini was then appointed manager of CFA2 club Calvi in 2009. Two years later, he led the team to promotion to the CFA.
In the summer 2018, Santini was appointed assistant manager for China national under-19 football team under manager Patrick Gonfalone, who he met in 2017 during his process to gain a coaching license. On 9 November 2019, he became the manager of AS Béziers. He left by mutual consent in April 2021.
Santini was appointed head coach of Stade Briochin in 2021, but was dismissed from his duties in September 2022.
In November 2022, Santini took charge of Rodez AF, at the time in the relegation zone of Ligue 2. Santini replaced long-time manager Laurent Peyrelade.
# Sopron County

Sopron (German: Ödenburg, Slovak: Šopron) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now divided between Austria and Hungary. The capital of the county was Sopron.

## Geography

Sopron county shared borders with the Austrian land Lower Austria and the Hungarian counties Moson, Győr, Veszprém and Vas. The Lake Neusiedl (Hungarian: Fertő tó, German: Neusiedler See) lay in the county. Its area was about 3,256 km$^2$ around 1910.

## History

The Sopron comitatus arose as one of the first comitati of the Kingdom of Hungary.
In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon the western part of the county became part of Austria, while the eastern part became a part of Hungary. In 1921, it was decided by referendum that the city of Sopron and eight surrounding settlements would join Hungary instead of Austria.
In 1950, Sopron county merged with Győr-Moson county to form Győr-Sopron county, while a small part of Sopron county went to Vas County. The county was renamed to Győr-Moson-Sopron county in 1990.

## Demographics
### 1900

In 1900, the county had a population of 279,796 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:
Total:
* Hungarian: 136,616 (48.8%)
* German: 109,369 (39.1%)
* Croatian: 31,317 (11.2%)
* Slovak: 505 (0.2%)
* Romanian: 22 (0.0%)
* Serbian: 12 (0.0%)
* Ruthenian: 4 (0.0%)
* Other or unknown: 1,951 (0.7%)
According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:
Total:
* Roman Catholic: 235,390 (84.1%)
* Lutheran: 33,924 (12.1%)
* Jewish: 9,736 (3,5)
* Calvinist: 641 (0.2%)
* Greek Catholic: 53 (0.0%)
* Greek Orthodox: 26 (0.0%)
* Unitarian: 15 (0.0%)
* Other or unknown: 11 (0.0%)

### 1910

In 1910, the county had a population of 283,510 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:
Total:
* Hungarian: 141,011 (49.7%)
* German: 109,160 (38.5%)
* Croatian: 31,004 (10.9%)
* Slovak: 397 (0.1%)
* Romanian: 33 (0.0%)
* Serbian: 15 (0.0%)
* Ruthenian: 4 (0.0%)
* Other or unknown: 1,886 (0.7%)
According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:
Total:
* Roman Catholic: 239,578 (84.5%)
* Lutheran: 34,820 (12.3%)
* Jewish: 8,192 (2,9)
* Calvinist: 743 (0.3%)
* Greek Catholic: 93 (0.0%)
* Greek Orthodox: 50 (0.0%)
* Unitarian: 27 (0.0%)
* Other or unknown: 7 (0.0%)

## Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Sopron county were:
Districts (járás) :
| District | Capital |
| Csepreg | Csepreg |
| Csorna | Csorna |
| Felsőpulya | Felsőpulya, AT Oberpullendorf |
| Kapuvár | Kapuvár |
| Kismarton | Kismarton, AT Eisenstadt |
| Nagymarton | Nagymarton, AT Mattersburg |
| Sopron | Sopron |
| Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város) ||
| Sopron ||
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) ||
| Kismarton, AT Eisenstadt ||
| Ruszt, AT Rust ||
Eisenstadt, Mattersburg, Rust and Oberpullendorf are now in Austria.
# Luíz Carlos (footballer, born 1985)

Luíz Carlos Martins Moreira (born 5 July 1985), simply known as Luíz Carlos, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder.

## Career

In the summer of 2016, Luíz Carlos signed for Al-Ahli Saudi FC.

## Honours

Braga
* Taça de Portugal: 2015–16
Al-Ahli
* Saudi Super Cup: 2016
Paços de Ferreira
* LigaPro: 2018–19
Individual
* LigaPro Best Player of the Season: 2018–19
# Ashnaabad, West Azerbaijan

Ashnaabad (Persian: اشنااباد also Romanized as Āshnāābād) is a village in Rowzeh Chay Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 335, in 100 families.
# Jim Kearney (rugby union)

James Charles Kearney (4 April, 1920 – 1 October, 1998) was a New Zealand international rugby union player. He was a member of the All Blacks in 1947 and 1949, playing in the First five-eighth position.

## Early life

Kearney was born in Naseby, New Zealand and educated at St. Kevin's College, Oamaru where he played rugby for the school.

## Senior rugby

Kearney played for the Ranfurly club and represented Otago in 1939, 1941 and 1947–1948. In 1942 he played for the Brigade club and represented Canterbury. In 1943 he was playing for the Canterbury Yoemanry Cavalry club and in that year represented Ashburton County. He played for the South Island Team in 1947 and 1948 and was a New Zealand trialist in both those years. He played rugby for the army in the 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force in 1945 and 1946. In the Kiwi army team he played only 11 of 38 matches because of injury. But he did play in the Scottish international.

## All Black

Kearney was selected for the 1947 All Blacks and toured Australia, playing in the second test, and South Africa in 1949, playing in the first three tests. In the 22 matches (4 tests) he played as an All Black, Kearney scored 30 points for New Zealand (6 tries and 4 dropped goals) and 9 test points (1 try and 2 dropped goals).
# Karim Diaa Eddin

Karim Diaa Eddine is an Egyptian film director and actor from Cairo. A business graduate of the American University of Cairo, he worked as an assistant director in France for three years. Notable films include Loves and Terror (1992), Minister in Plaster (1993), Ismailia Round Trip (1997), Hassan and Aziza:State Security Case (1999) and In Arabic, Cindarella (2006).
# Lee Irby

Lee Irby (born 1963) is an American novelist and historian.
He is the author of three major novels. The first, 7,000 Clams (as of 2010, in 596 libraries according to WorldCat), and was reviewed in The North American Review and many newspapers. His later work, The Up and Up (as of 2010, in 406 libraries according to WorldCat), and was reviewed even more widely. Both were published by Doubleday. Irby's work centers on the quirks of Florida's history, the interplay of natural beauty and rampant corruption and violence that marked the Sunshine State in the 1920s. In early 2012, he released "The Van", a novel following the life of a VW Bus. He taught at Eckerd College, a private liberal arts school located in St. Petersburg, Florida.
Irby was born in Richmond, Virginia, in 1963. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1986 with degrees in English and History. He then set about seeing the world, living in St. Croix, Italy, Mexico, and several major U.S. cities. He came of age in Key West, Florida, where he worked many odd jobs but found his voice as a writer amid the human debris of that island city.
# Reigning Emperor

Reigning Emperor (Japanese: 今上天皇, Hepburn: Kinjō Tennō) or Majesty (陛下, Heika), according to protocol, is the honorific title used in Japan to refer to the current Emperor of Japan instead of using their personal name (e.g. Hirohito), as is done in the West. The only context where the personal name is used is when referring to their time before taking the throne (e.g. Prince Hirohito 裕仁親王 Hirohito shinnō).

## History

Under the modern system, the posthumous name (諡号, shigō, colloquially gō) of the emperor will always match the era name or regnal year name (元号, gengō). However, this "one generation one title" (一世一元, issei ichigen) system was only implemented in the modern age of the Meiji Restoration. In the past, the emperor's name never matched the era name, and the change of the era name (改元, kaigen) could occur any number of times. Additionally, some emperors had two gō titles, when reoccupying the throne in a process called chōso (重祚). One example of this was Empress Kōgyoku, who later mounted the throne as Empress Saimei.
Attaching the title "Emperor" and his Japanese era name has formed a posthumous name, from "Emperor Meiji" to "Emperor Taishō" and "Emperor Shōwa", so doing it to refer to still living Emperor Emeritus Akihito and the Reigning Emperor Naruhito is a faux pas.
# Lock and Dam No. 8

Lock and Dam No. 8 is a lock and dam located near Genoa, Wisconsin on the Upper Mississippi River near river mile 679.2 in the United States. It was constructed and was put into operation by April 1937. The site underwent major rehabilitation from 1989 to 2003. The lock and dam are owned and operated by the St. Paul District of the United States Army Corps of Engineers-Mississippi Valley Division.
The dam consists of a concrete structure 934 feet (284.7 m) long with five roller gates and 10 tainter gates. The earth embankment is 17,500 feet (5,334.0 m) long with two submersible spillways, 938 feet (285.9 m) long and 1,338 feet (407.8 m) long. The lock is 110 feet (33.5 m) wide by 600 feet (182.9 m) long.
* Lock and Dam No. 8
* Lock and dam 8 spill way
# Adoration of the Magi (Rubens, Antwerp)

The Adoration of the Magi is a 1624 oil on canvas painting by Peter Paul Rubens, measuring 447 cm by 336 cm. It was commissioned by Matthæus Yrsselius, abbot of St. Michael's Abbey, Antwerp, as an altarpiece, and paid for in two instalments of 750 guilders each in 1624 and 1626. The Virgin Mary is thought to have been modelled on Rubens' first wife Isabella Brant. The painting is now in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp.

## In popular culture

The painting is an important story arc in the comic book album "De Raap van Rubens" ("Rubens' apprentice") (1977) in the Belgian comic book series Suske en Wiske. The characters visit it in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp. Later the man in the red cloak on the painting comes alive and steals a necklace from Lambik. In order to find out why the man does this Lambik travels back in time, to the era of Peter Paul Rubens.
# The Fall of the Damned

The Fall of the Damned, alternately known as The Fall of the Rebel Angels, is a monumental religious painting by Peter Paul Rubens dated around 1620. It depicts a jumble of the bodies of the damned, hurled into the abyss by archangel Michael and accompanying angels.
In 1959, an art vandal threw acid on the painting. According to him, he did not directly destroy the work, as the acid "relieves one from the work of destruction".

## Sketch

The sketch of The Fall of the Damned was made in black and red chalks, with a grey wash and is kept in the British Museum. It is assumed to be the work of a studio assistant, which Rubens then went over with a brush and oil colour. The dramatic chiaroscuro of the human forms and clouds emphasizes the darkness into which these figures fall, far from the heavenly light above.