OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Australian rappel

Australian abseiling (also known as Australian rappelling, Rap Jumping, Angel Jumping or deepelling) is the process of descending a fixed rope (abseiling) in a standing position while facing the ground.
The technique is used as a military "assault" technique whereby a soldier is belayed, allowing them to face down the descent and fire a weapon.
In Australia, the technique is not commonly known as "Australian", or even "rappelling"; instead the term "abseiling" is more commonly used and the technique is referred to as "Geneva" style.

## History

Rap Jumping comes from Macka's style and a form of rope work started by the Australian Army in the late 1960s which was known as the "Carabiner Rundown" and internationally known as the Aussie Rappel because of its origin. Macka MacKail created the name "Rap Jumping" to describe his style of forward free-fall jumping and based it in Cairns, Australia as early as 1988. Founder, Macka MacKail gained Certification while serving with the Australian Special Air Service Regiment (SASR).
Commercial operation of Rap Jumping started in 1989 with the issue of permits from the Mulgrave Shire Council in the Barron Gorge Cairns on the site known as the Hinge (Split Rock), and Macka's Bluff which has six different jump faces.
This led to jumping from high rise buildings. The first of the buildings jumped was the Pacific Hotel, Cairns in 1989, and subsequently the first fully commercial operation at the Gold Coast International Hotel, Surfers Paradise. Rap Jumping is still operating in Melbourne, Australia
# Lilian Ajio

Lilian Ajio (born 6 December 1984) is an Ugandan netball player who represents Uganda internationally and plays in the position of goal defense. She has represented Uganda at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and at the 2019 Netball World Cup.
# Dead Man's Treasure

O thisavros tou makariti (Greek: Ο θησαυρός του μακαρίτη) or Dead Man's Treasure is a 1959 Greek comedy film produced by Finos Film. Based on a play written by Nikos Tsiforos and Polivios Vasileiadis, it was one of the last films Tsiforos directed for Finos and was regarded as some of their best work. Georgia Vasileiadou, Vasilis Avlonitis, Nikos Rizos, and Stefanos Linaios featured in the film. The story drew on the development of polykatoikla (roughly translated as many modern dwellings) apartments that occurred in Athens in the post-World War II era as a setting to explore women using their poniria (craftiness or guile) as a means to get things done.
The film was one of Filos Film's most successful in its first 15 years with the talents of the comic duo of Avlonitis-Vasileiadou and Nikos Rizos. Building on their success, the pair formed the "Avlonitis-Vassiliadou-Rizos" company two years later, which received awards in the first half of the 1960s. The film also included Xenia Kalogeropoulou, recently arrived from studies in England, singer Antzela Zilia, and actress and a young celebrity Stefanos Linaios. Georgia Vasileiadou sang the song O kir Mendios (Ο κυρ Μέντιος) and it is the first time she sings on screen, despite the fact that she began her career as an opera singer.

## Plot

A cunning widow and her niece live in a very old house which they inherited from her husband. By spreading rumours of a treasure chest with a huge fortune hidden in the house, the women are able to rent out several rooms to treasure-hunters. A builder attempts to manipulate the woman into selling the "worthless" house, while she manipulates the builder and the new tenants into damaging the house so she can force modern refurbishments for the house. The tenants and builder become involved in a tangled web of love, lies, and emotional entanglements building to the happy ending.

## Cast

* Georgia Vasileiadou as Theoni Kanelopiperidou
* Vasilis Avlonitis as Neokosmos
* Nikos Rizos as Stelios Prousoglou
* Xenia Kalogeropoulou as Loukia Kanelopiperidou
* Stefanos Linaios as Iraklis
* Antzela Zilia as Dolly Roza
* Takis Christoforidis
* Giorgos Lefteriotis as Vasos
* Nikos Fermas as Thanasis
* Giannis Vogiatzis as lawyer
# Pa Sak, Chiang Rai

Pa Sak (Thai: ป่าสัก) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Chiang Saen District, in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2019 it had a total population of 7,877 people.

## History

The subdistrict was created effective September 15, 1979 by splitting off 9 administrative villages from Si Don Mun.

## Administration
### Central administration

The tambon is subdivided into 13 administrative villages (muban).
| No. | Name | Thai |
| 01. | Ban Mae Kham Kaset | บ้านแม่คำเกษตร |
| 02. | Ban Mae Kham Nong Bua | บ้านแม่คำหนองบัว |
| 03. | Ban Pa Sak Noi | บ้านป่าสักน้อย |
| 04. | Ban Pa Daet | บ้านป่าแดด |
| 05. | Ban Nong Bua Sot | บ้านหนองบัวสด |
| 06. | Ban Pang Mo Puang | บ้านปางหมอปวง |
| 07. | Ban Doi Champi | บ้านดอยจำปี |
| 08. | Ban Doi Si Kaeo | บ้านดอยศรีแก้ว |
| 09. | Ban San Makhet | บ้านสันมะเค็ด |
| 10. | Ban Doi Kham | บ้านดอยคำ |
| 11. | Ban Mae Kham Tai | บ้านแม่คำใต้ |
| 12. | Ban Pa Sak Noi | บ้านป่าสักน้อย |
| 13. | Ban Pa Sak Noi | บ้านป่าสักน้อย |

### Local administration

The whole area of the subdistrict is covered by the subdistrict administrative organization (SAO) Pa Sak (องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลป่าสัก).

## Landmarks

The historical site of Wat Pa Sak is located in this region.
# Wareemba

Wareemba is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Wareemba is 12 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the City of Canada Bay. Wareemba sits on the eastern shore of Hen and Chicken Bay, on the Parramatta River. It is almost the smallest suburb in Sydney by land area.

## History

European settlement of the area began in the 1830s, with land mainly used for farming. The suburb was originally part of neighbouring suburb Abbotsford until declared a separate suburb in 1993. The name Wareemba comes from an Aboriginal word meaning "place where sweet water meets salt water".

## Commercial area

Wareemba has a small group of shops located on Great North Road. Wareemba is famous for its coffee shops, including one business that combines fruit shop with coffee shop.

## Churches

Wareemba Gospel Hall is in Coranto Street.

## Population

The suburb of Wareemba had a population of 1,519 people, according to the 2021 Census of Population and Housing.

### Demographics

Like the nearby suburbs of Haberfield and Five Dock, Wareemba has a large population of residents with Italian ancestry (31.7%).
68.1% of people were born in Australia with the next most common countries of birth being Italy (9.3%), England (2.4%), China (1.7%), New Zealand (1.5%) and Greece (1.0%). 68.6% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Italian at 16.4%. The most common responses for religion were Catholic (48.7%), no religion (24.4%), Anglican (7.7%) and Eastern Orthodox (5.5%). 3.8% of the population chose not to state their religion.
# Polites baracoa

Polites baracoa, known generally as the baracoa skipper or little tawny edge skipper, is a species of grass skipper in the butterfly family Hesperiidae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea and North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Polites baracoa is 4040.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Polites baracoa:
* Polites baracoa baracoa (Lucas, 1857)
* Polites baracoa loma Evnas, 1955
# Cycling at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's madison

The women's madison competition of the cycling events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held from October 27 at the Velodrome in Santiago, Chile.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| October 27, 2023 | 10:42 | Final |

## Results

The final classification is determined in the medal finals.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Laps points | Sprint points | Total points |
| | Lina Hernández Lina Rojas | Colombia | 0 | 46 | 46 |
| | Lizbeth Salazar Antonieta Gaxiola | Mexico | 0 | 0 | 42 |
| | Chloe Patrick Colleen Gulick | United States | 0 | 0 | 30 |
| 4 | Alice Leite de Melo Wellyda Dos Santos | Brazil | 0 | 0 | 13 |
| 5 | Irma Greve Maribel Aguirre | Argentina | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| 6 | Scarlet Cortés Paola Muñoz | Chile | -20 | 4 | -16 |
| | Devaney Collier Ngaire Barraclough | Canada | -20 | 3 | DNF |
| | Angie González Verónica Abreu | Venezuela | 0 | 0 | DNF |
# Maurice Laframboise

Maurice Laframboise (August 18, 1821 – February 1, 1882) was a Quebec lawyer, judge and political figure.

## Biography

He was born Maurice-Alexis Laframboise in Montreal, Lower Canada in 1821. He studied at the Petit Séminaire de Montréal, then articled in law and was called to the bar in 1843. He set up practice in Saint-Hyacinthe. In 1846, he married Marie-Eugénie-Rosalie Dessaulles, daughter of Jean Dessaulles; he looked after the family seigneury until 1852 when the property was distributed among his father-in-law's children.
Laframboise was mayor of Saint-Hyacinthe from 1857 to 1860. In 1858, he was elected in Bagot as a member of the Parti rouge; he was reelected in 1861 and 1863. He was named to the Executive Council in 1863 as commissioner of Public Works; as was required at the time, he was elected in a by-election that same year for the same seat after being named to the cabinet. He opposed confederation; he was defeated in 1867 when he ran in Bagot for a seat in the federal parliament. In 1871, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for Shefford as a Liberal; he was reelected in 1875. In 1878, he was named judge in the Quebec Superior Court for the Gaspé district.

## Personal

He died in Montreal in 1882.
His daughter Marie-Angélique-Rosalie married Louis-Onésime Loranger.
vte1867 Canadian federal election: Bagot :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Conservative | Pierre-Samuel Gendron | 1,156 |
| | Unknown | Maurice Laframboise | 889 |
| Source: Canadian Elections Database |||||||
# Wadi Jallal

Wadi Jallal (Arabic: وَادِي جَلاَّل, romanized: Wādī Jallāl) is a village located in the Al Wakrah municipality of Qatar. It is located approximately 37 kilometres (23 mi) from the capital Doha.
As the area is typified by a wadi (dry river-valley) which would flood during heavy rains, it was named "Wadi Jallal"; the second constituent being derived from the Arabic "jalaa", meaning "to wash away".

## Geography

Wadi Jallal is situated in south-central Qatar. The village of Al Kharrara is nearby. It forms part of the southern desert region, which occupies 34.7% of Qatar's total area. Of the four sub-regions of the southern desert, Wadi Jallal is a part of the southern zone of the Miocene-Tiwar sub-area.
The area around Wadi Jallal is part of a region characterized by Miocene-era formations that are distinct from the surrounding older rock types. In terms of terrain, Wadi Jallal is part of a region characterized by a mix of rocky plains (hamada), hills and sand dunes. As a wadi (valley), it represents a depression in the landscape.
# Clara Tower

The Clara Tower (German: Claraturm) is a mixed-use high-rise building in Basel, Switzerland. Built between 2019 and 2021, the tower stands at 96 m (315 ft) tall with 30 floors and is the current 12th tallest building in Switzerland.

## History

The building was designed by Swiss firm Morger Partner Architekten AG and is located in the Clara neighborhood of Basel, hence its official name of Claraturm in German. The main objective of the project was a fluctuating vision of the new urban development and demographic changes established and strategized in the area of the Exhibition Center Basel (Messe). The project is centered around the motion of the block perimeter growth, sloping towards the intended multi-purpose room for the community. At the conclusion of Clarastrasse, the building provides a modern complement to the trade fair center, Swissôtel Le Plaza, and the Basler Messeturm, forming a business showcase for the city.
The tower displays an adjoining annex volumetry destined for rentable retail spaces. The project demonstrates how data-driven software solutions can enhance efficiency and productivity in the construction sector. The building houses a total of 285 apartments, billed as MOVEment apartments, a suite of "high-tech" or "smart" units as they share the character of functional homes with modular furnishing with details of sustainability which can go up to the heating and ventilation systems used to keep an optimal indoor climate.
The building's facade sums up a total of 14,500 m$^2$ (156,000 sq ft) of curtain wall glass-panel glazing equipped with motorized blinds and anodized coating of profiles and sheets.
# Pompeius (butterfly)

Pompeius is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae.

## Species

* Pompeius amblyspila (Mabille, 1897)
* Pompeius darina Evans, 1955
* Pompeius pompeius (Latreille, [1824])
* Pompeius postpuncta (Draudt, 1923)

### Former species

* Pompeius dares (Plötz, 1883) - transferred to Vernia dares (Plötz, 1883)
* Pompeius verna (Edwards, 1862) - transferred to Vernia verna (Edwards, 1862)
# Cambridge Academy for Science and Technology

Cambridge Academy for Science and Technology (formerly UTC Cambridge) is a university technical college opened in 2014. It is located on the Biomedical Campus, which encompasses Addenbrooke's Hospital, next to the Long Road Sixth Form College in Cambridge. The school is a member of the United Learning Cambridge Cluster (formerly the Parkside Federation and the Cambridge Academic Partnership) along with Parkside Community College, Coleridge Community College, Trumpington Community College, and Parkside Sixth.
The formal ceremony to celebrate the change of name and to mark the school becoming a member of the Parkside Federation took place at the school premises on 19 September 2017. In September 2019, the Cambridge Academic Partnership joined the United Learning group of schools as a unit.
Its sponsors include Cambridge Regional College, Cambridge University Health Partners and the Sanger Institute.
Students at Cambridge Academy for Science and Technology engage in Challenge Projects (held by regional employers such as AstraZeneca and Zeiss) between 10 and 20 hours per week for six to eight weeks. Challenge Projects are cross curricular in nature and engender innovation and enterprise while upskilling students in the latest scientific and computer technology.
Students generate a portfolio of evidence of their developing professional, technical and employ ability skills that leads to evaluation by external moderators of the Baker Award.
# Halvdan Holbø

Halvdan Holbø (4 May 1907 in Vågå, Oppland – 21 September 1995) was a Norwegian painter.
He was born in Vågå as a son of Kristen Holbø. He studied under Søren Onsager, Anders C. Svarstad, Halfdan Strøm and Jean Heiberg, and spent time in Paris. He is represented with five landscape paintings in the National Gallery of Norway.
# Somatophylakes

Somatophylakes (Greek: Σωματοφύλακες; singular: somatophylax, σωματοφύλαξ) were the bodyguards of high-ranking people in ancient Greece.
The most famous body of somatophylakes were those of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great. They consisted of seven men, drawn from the Macedonian nobility, who also acted as high-ranking military officers, holding command positions such as general or chiliarch. Alexander the Great appointed Peucestas as eighth somatophylax after the siege of Malli.

## Under Alexander the Great

(Note that this list is speculative in several cases and would be disputed by scholars. For example, Hephaestion was probably not named as early as given below. The only complete list of Alexander's bodyguard in the original sources is found in Arrian (6.28.4), upon the extraordinary appointment of Peucestas in Carmania.)

### 336–334

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Arybbas, Balacrus, Demetrius, Ptolemy*.

### 333

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Arybbas, Balacrus, Demetrius, Hephaestion.

### 332

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Arybbas, Menes, Demetrius, Hephaestion.

### 331

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Leonnatus, Menes, Demetrius, Hephaestion.

### 330–327

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Leonnatus, Perdiccas, Ptolemy of Lagus, Hephaestion.

### 326–324

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Leonnatus, Perdiccas, Ptolemy of Lagus, Hephaestion, Peucestas.

### 323

* Aristonous, Lysimachus, Peithon, Leonnatus, Perdiccas, Ptolemy of Lagus, Peucestas.

## Royal agema

The term somatophylakes is also used to refer to a member of the Royal Hypaspists, the agema, who acted as the King's bodyguard in battle. The Royal Pages would expect to begin their military service in this unit: thus Pausanias, Philip II's assassin was a member of this corps, not one of the Seven Bodyguards.
W Heckel believes that the Ptolemy* given above for 336 BC was not one of the Seven but commander of this unit. He was killed at Halicarnassus in 334 BC and succeeded by Admetus. The latter was killed at Tyre in 332 BC and appears to have been succeeded by Hephaestion.
# Ryo Wada (sprinter)

Ryo Wada (Japanese: 和田 遼; born 18 May 2000) is a Japanese sprinter specializing in the 100 metres. He ran 10.10 seconds for 100 m at the 2022 Kyoto Championships, making him the 15th fastest Japanese sprinter in history and the 6th fastest student.

## Career

Wada had participated in athletics since high school, setting a Japanese high school record for the 4 × 100 m relay. He finished 4th at the 2019 Japanese U20 championships in the 100 m. In 2021, he improved from 10.52 to 10.28 seconds in the 100 m.
In 2020, Wada ran 10.10 seconds for 100 m at the Kyoto Championships, making him the 15th faster Japanese performer in history and the 6th fastest among students. He withdrew from the 2023 Japan Championships in Athletics due to a hamstring fasciitis injury on his right leg.
At the 2024 Xiamen Diamond League, Wada placed 5th in the 100 m and was the top Asian finisher.

## Personal life

Wada was born in Kyoto, Japan. In 2019, he graduated from Rakunan High School in southern Kyoto. He graduated from Toyo University in 2023, after which he became sponsored by Miki House sports club.

## Statistics
### Personal best progression

100m progression :
| # | Mark | Pl. | Competition | Venue | Date |
| 1 | 10.57 (−1.1 m/s) | (Heat 2) | | Fujiyoshida, Japan | 5 Sep 2020 |
| 2 | 10.55 (−0.1 m/s) | (Round C) | | Fujiyoshida, Japan | 5 Sep 2020 |
| 3 | 10.53 (+1.2 m/s) | (Heat 1) | | Kumagaya, Japan | 30 Mar 2021 |
| 4 | 10.51 (+0.8 m/s) | | | Ageo, Japan | 10 Apr 2021 |
| 5 | 10.42 (+1.5 m/s) | (Heat 3) | Kanto University Championships | Sagamihara, Japan | 19 May 2021 |
| 6 | 10.28 (+1.6 m/s) | (Semifinal 1) | Kyoto Championships | Kyoto, Japan | 16 Jul 2021 |
| 7 | 10.10 (+2.0 m/s) | (Semifinal 3) | Kyoto Championships | Kyoto, Japan | 15 Jul 2022 |
# Quarterly Journal of Science

Quarterly Journal of Science was the title of two British scientific periodicals of the 19th century.
The first was established in 1816 by William Thomas Brande, as the Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts. He edited it with John Millington and then Michael Faraday. To a large extent a vehicle for authors associated with the Royal Institution, it was taken over by the Institution in 1830, and then appeared as the Journal of the Royal Institution, to 1832.
In 1864, William Crookes started the Quarterly Journal of Science with James Samuelson. He edited it alone from 1870, and sold it in 1878, when the title was changed to Journal of Science, a monthly appearing to 1885.
# Mohammadabad-e Bab Skakan

Mohammadabad-e Bab Skakan (Persian: محمداباد باب سكاكان, also Romanized as Moḩammadābād-e Bāb Skākān; also known as Moḩammadābād) is a village in Sarduiyeh Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 418, in 72 families.
# Colegio Gabriela Mistral

Colegio Particular Gabriela Mistral (English: Gabriela Mistral Particular School) is a Chilean high school in Rancagua, Cachapoal Province, Chile. It was established on March 1, 1965.
# Templestowe Lower, Victoria

Templestowe Lower is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 14 km northeast of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Manningham local government area. Templestowe Lower recorded a population of 14,098 at the 2021 census.
Its name reflects the fact that Lower Templestowe is situated on the Yarra River, but downstream from the neighbouring suburb of Templestowe. It is bounded in the west by Rose Avenue, Russell Street and Sheahans Road, in the north by the Yarra River, in the east by Ruffey Creek and Williamsons Road and in the south generally by Manningham Road.
It is home to primary schools and a secondary school; Templestowe Secondary College. Like neighbouring Templestowe, it is poorly serviced by public transportation, lying geographically between three existing rail lines (Hurstbridge and Lilydale/Belgrave). An excellent and frequent bus service exists, running from Lower Templestowe into the city or to the nearest train lines.

## History

The traditional owners of the land that came to be known as Lower Templestowe were the Wurundjeri people.
In 1841 Frederic Unwin, a Sydney solicitor, purchased 5,120 acres, or eight square miles of land, including most of the present suburb of Lower Templestowe, from the Crown, for one pound an acre under the terms of the short-lived Special Survey regulations. The area was sometimes known as Unwin's Special Survey.
Lower Templestowe Post Office opened around 1902 and closed in 1973.
Many European immigrants moved to Lower Templestowe in the 1970s.

## Points of interest

Lower Templestowe has one shopping centre, Macedon Square and Macedon Plaza. Templestowe Hotel, despite the name, is actually located in Lower Templestowe.
Lower Templestowe boasts two parks by the Yarra River, Birrarung Park and Finns Reserve. Both parks offer walking tracks, and access to the river for swimming and rafting.

## Education

Lower Templestowe has 2 government primary schools, Templestowe Valley Primary School and Templestowe Heights Primary School, as well as a Catholic primary school, St Kevin's. There is also a high school, Templestowe College.

## Transport

Like all other suburbs in the Local Government Area of Manningham, Lower Templestowe does not have any tram or train services. Lower Templestowe is served solely by buses in terms of public transport.
Lower Templestowe's main roads include High Street, Lynwood Parade, Thompsons Road, Manningham Road and Williamsons Road.

## Notable residents

* Kim Brennan, Olympic rower.
* Scott Martin, shot putter, who is best known for appearing on Commonwealth Bank TV advertisements, which aired during the 2006 Commonwealth Games.
* Mark Wilson – Ran a dance studio on Thompsons Road until it was burnt down in 2008.
# Problema byssus

Problema byssus, the byssus skipper or bunchgrass skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found along the Atlantic coastal plain of North America, from North Carolina south to Florida and the Gulf States and from northern Indiana west to Iowa and south to Missouri and Kansas.
The wingspan is 37–46 mm.
The larvae feed on Tripsacum dactyloides.

## Subspecies

* Problema byssus byssus
* Problema byssus kumskaka (Scudder, 1887)