OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 12ft

12ft.io is a website that allows users to selectively browse any site with JavaScript disabled. It also allows some online paywalls to be bypassed. It is currently owned by its creator Thomas Millar.
In November 2023, its hosting platform Vercel took the website offline. It was back online the following month.

## Blocking

Some websites have blocked 12ft, such as Bloomberg, The New York Times and The Athletic.

## Function

The website's name is based on the phrase "show me a 10 foot wall and I'll show you a 12 foot ladder." It bypasses paywalls by pretending to be a search engine crawler when requesting a webpage.

## Outage history

On August 31, 2022, the site was offline, with the hosting provider displaying the error message of "DEPLOYMENT DISABLED" and the HTTP 451 status code, meaning "Unavailable For Legal Reasons". The site came back online on September 1st, but was disabled again on September 10th. The site was available again as of September 11th, but was no longer showing cached versions of pages for NYTimes.com, instead displaying a message of "12ft has been disabled for this site". On July 30, 2023, the site's security certificate appeared to be invalid. The certificate in question was issued by Cisco Umbrella Secondary SubCA lax-SG with an expiration date of August 3rd.
On November 2, 2023, the site only displayed an error 402 with a message "402: Payment Required. This Deployment has been disabled. Your connection is working correctly. Vercel is working correctly." Thomas Millar announced that provider Vercel had removed his account access. Vercel stated this was because 12ft broke their Terms of Service. As of November 19, 2023, the site is up and running, and seems to be hosted on a new provider.

## Alternatives

Alternatives to 12ft include:
* Private browsing for some websites, though often with access limits
* Through a virtual private network, the Tor network or a proxy server
* Several browser extensions
* Several archive sites, including Internet Archive and archive.today
* Several web content converters, including txtify.it and PrintFriendly
# Memo (footballer)

Emerson Gomes de Moura, known simply as Memo (born February 14, 1988), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder and center-back.

## Career

Born in Bonito, Memo started his professional career with Pernambuco side Santa Cruz. He became an important part of manager Zé Teodoro's squad and was named in the 2012 Campeonato Pernambucano selection. Memo scored a memorable goal for Santa Cruz in the 2012 Copa do Brasil first round as the club was eliminated by Penarol.
Portuguesa manager Candinho expressed an interest in signing Memo for their Série A campaign during June 2012.
In early 2013, Memo joined Ponte Preta on a loan deal. On 7 July, he moved to Oeste on loan after being surplus to Ponte Preta's requirements. At the end of the year, he returned to Santa Cruz. After a stint with Linense in Campeonato Paulista, he switched to Mogi Mirim on 8 August 2015. In the following year, he represented Itumbiara and América RN.
On 8 September 2016, Memo moved abroad and signed for the Indian Super League franchise Delhi Dynamos FC. He debuted the following month, playing ninety minutes in a 1–0 defeat against Atletico de Kolkata. On 27 December 2016, Memo returned to Brazil and signed with América (RN). However, he was released by the club on 17 April 2017, though he was allowed to train with the club. He subsequently signed with fourth-tier club Fluminense de Feira Futebol Clube.
In August 2017, Memo returned to the Indian Super League and signed for Jamshedpur FC.
On 4 October 2020 Memo signed for Indian Super League club Chennaiyin FC.

## Honours
### Club

* Santa Cruz
** Pernambuco State League: 2011, 2012
# Early Snow in Munich

Early Snow in Munich (Serbo-Croatian: Rani snijeg u Münchenu) is a 1984 Yugoslav film directed by Bogdan Žižić.
# René-Édouard Caron

René-Édouard Caron (21 October 1800 – 13 December 1876) was a Canadian politician, judge, and the second Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.
He was born in Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, Lower Canada, the son of Augustin Caron, a well-to-do farmer and Member of the House of Assembly (MHA) for Lower Canada, and Élizabeth Lessard. He studied Latin at the college of Saint-Pierre-de-la-Rivière-du-Sud, which prepared him for admittance to the Petit Séminaire de Québec, in 1813. After later studying law in André-Rémi Hamel's office, Caron was called to the bar of Lower Canada in 1826. In 1828, he married Marie-Vénérande-Joséphine de Blois, the daughter of Joseph de Blois and Marie-Vénérande Ranvoyzé.
In 1833, he was elected as a municipal representative for the Palais district of Quebec City. In 1834, he was elected mayor by the city councillors and served until 1836. He was mayor again from 1840 to 1846. He was mayor when cholera broke out in 1834 and when a fire nearly destroyed the city in 1845.
In 1834, he was elected a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada for the riding of Upper Town of Quebec. In 1841, he was appointed a member of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada. He was the Speaker from 1843 to 1847 and again from 1848 to 1853. From 1844 to 1853, he was also in a law partnership with Louis de Gonzague Baillairgé. In 1853, he was appointed Judge of the Court of Appeal, and in 1855 of the Court of the Queen's Bench. In 1859, he took part in the codification of the civil laws. He remained a judge until 1873 when he was appointed the second Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec. He served until his death in December 1876. He was buried at Cimetière Notre-Dame-de-Belmont in Sainte-Foy.

## Family

He married Marie-Vénérande-Joséphine de Blois, daughter of Joseph de Blois and Marie-Vénérande Ranvoyzé, of Quebec, on 16 September 1828, at Notre-Dame de Québec. She died on 25 March 1880, and was buried at cimetière Notre-Dame-de-Belmont, alongside her husband. The couple's son Adolphe-Philippe later became a member of the Canadian House of Commons and cabinet minister. Their daughter Corine married Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, who became Chief Justice of Canada and Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec. Their daughter Marie-Joséphine married Jean-Thomas Taschereau, later a judge in the Supreme Court of Canada, and was the mother of Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, a premier of Quebec.

### Descendants

* Augustin Caron (1778–1862), m. Élizabeth Lessard (1774–1823)
** René-Édouard Caron (1800–1876), m. Marie-Vénérande-Joséphine de Blois (1829–1886)
*** Adolphe-Philippe Caron (1843–1908), m. Marie-Clotilde-Alice Baby (1833–1924)
*** Marie-Elmire Corinne Caron, m. Sir Charles Fitzpatrick (1853–1942)
*** Marie-Joséphine Caron (1839–1915), m. Jean-Thomas Taschereau (1814–1893)
**** Joseph-Édouard Taschereau (1863–1891), m. Marie-Clara-Amelie Dionne (1865–1948)
**** Louise-Josephine Taschereau (1866–1959)
**** Louis-Alexandre Taschereau (1867–1952), m. Marie-Emma-Adine Dionne (1871–1952)
# Nabala (Mauretania)

Nabala (Latin: Dioecesis Nabalensis) was an ancient Roman–Berber diocese in the province of Mauretania Caesariensis, located in present-day Algeria. No ancient bishops are known from the diocese, although it was vacant in 484; similarly, the seat of the bishopric remains unknown. Today, Nabala survives as a suppressed and titular bishopric of the Roman Catholic Church. The current holder of the see is Lucilo B. Quiambao, a former bishop of Legazpi.
# Jebal Ad-dhahr

Jebal Ad-dhahr (Arabic: جبال الظهر) is a mountain of the Madiyan Mountains in Tabuk Region of Saudi Arabia. It is located near the town of Haql at 29°10′36″N 35°27′17″E. It has a height of 1,828 m (5,997 ft).
# Adrien Robinson

Adrien Robinson (born September 23, 1988) is a former American football tight end. He was selected in the fourth round (127th overall) in the 2012 NFL draft by the New York Giants. Born in Indianapolis, Indiana, Robinson played football at Warren Central High School, winning the state championship in all of his four seasons. He played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats from 2008 to 2011.

## Professional career
### New York Giants

On May 8, 2012, Robinson agreed to terms on a four-year contract worth $2.48 million with a $385,652 signing bonus.
On November 23, 2014, Robinson caught his first touchdown pass as an NFL player, a 1-yard bootleg pass by Eli Manning, against the Dallas Cowboys.
On September 5, 2015, he was waived by the Giants.

### New York Jets

Robinson signed a reserve/future contract with the New York Jets on January 11, 2016.
On May 9, 2016, Robinson was released.

### Memphis Express

In 2019, Robinson joined the Memphis Express of the Alliance of American Football. The league ceased operations in April 2019.

### DC Defenders

Robinson was drafted in the 10th round in the 2020 XFL draft by the DC Defenders. He was waived during final roster cuts on January 22, 2020.

## Personal life
### Arrest

On July 31, 2017, Pennsylvania State Police stopped Robinson along Interstate 80 and found him in possession of “numerous large bags of marijuana." which measured at 25 pounds.
He was charged with manufacture, delivery or possession with intent to manufacture or deliver a controlled substance, and possession of drug paraphernalia.
# Alisher Tukhtaev

Alisher Tukhtaev (born 17 December 1975) is a retired Tajikistani footballer who played for the Tajikistan national football team and current coach at FC Istiklol.

## Managerial career

On 22 May 2018, Tukhtaev was appointed acting head coach of FC Istiklol after the resignation of Mukhsin Mukhamadiev.
On 27 June 2019, he was again appointed acting head coach of Istiklol, this time after the resignation of Khakim Fuzailov.
Following the appointment of Vitaly Levchenko as Istiklol's new manager on 17 February 2020, Tukhtaev returned to his role as assistant manager.
On 27 June 2022, he was once again put in interim charge of Istiklol following the expiration of Vitaly Levchenko's contract.

## Career statistics

Tajikistan national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 1997 | 3 | 1 |
| 2000 | 1 | 0 |
| 2004 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | 6 | 1 |
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 24 August 1997 | Dushanbe, Tajikistan | South Korea | 4–1 | 4–1 | Friendly |

## Managerial statistics

    As of match played 11 November 2018 Only competitive matches are counted.
| Team | From | To | P | W | D | L | GS | GA | %W | Honours | Notes |
| Istiklol | 22 May 2018 | 3 December 2018 | 20 | 15 | 2 | 3 | 44 | 20 | 075.00 | | |
| Istiklol | 27 June 2019 | 17 February 2020 | 20 | 14 | 4 | 2 | 62 | 19 | 070.00 | | |

## Honours
### Sitora Dushanbe

* Tajik League (2): 1993, 1994
* Tajik Cup (1): 1993

### Dynamo Dushanbe

* Tajik League (1): 1996

### Regar-TadAZ

* Tajik League (2): 2006, 2007
* Tajik Cup (1): 2000, 2005, 2006
# Chandanpur Union

Chandanpur (Bengali: চন্দনপুর) is a union parishad under Kalaroa Upazila, Satkhira District, in the Division of Khulna, southwest part of Bangladesh.
# Ratanpur Union

Ratanpur Union (Bengali: রতনপুর ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad in Kaliganj Upazila of Satkhira District, in Khulna Division, Bangladesh.
# Meyer (footballer)

Meyer Carlos de Camargo, Júnior (born 29 January 1980 in São Paulo), known as just Meyer, is a Brazilian football player. He currently plays for South Melbourne FC.

## Football career

He left Brazil for Al-Nasr (Salalah) of Oman in January 2003 and later returned to Brazil. In January 2006 he left again, this time to F.C. Matera of Italy. He was granted Italian passport by descent, and left for FC Baulmes and then SR Delémont.
# Elves' Hill

Elves' Hill (Danish: Elverhøj) is a comedy by Johan Ludvig Heiberg, with overture and incidental music by Friedrich Kuhlau (Op. 100), which is considered the first Danish national play.

## History

Elves' Hill was commissioned by Frederik VI for the wedding of his daughter Vilhelmine Marie and Frederik Carl Christian (later Frederik VII) and premiered on 6 November 1828, 5 days after the wedding. Since the premiere, the play has been performed more than 1,000 times at the Royal Danish Theatre.

## Story

The work incorporated both the texts and melodies of two traditional ballad pieces featuring folklore about the Elven king. Heiberg localized the legend of the Elven king to Stevns. To these, the motif element of the swapped children was added. King Christian IV is cast as a sort of detective, who unravels the mystery.

## Music

The two ballads used were Elvehøj (DgF 46B) which begins "Jeg lagde mit hoved til Elverhøj" (I laid my head down on Elves' Hill)" and Elveskud (DgF 47B) that begins "Herr Oluf han rider saa vide" (Sir Oluf he rideth so far-and-wide). These ballads had appeared in Udvalgte Danske Viser fra Middelalderen (1812), edited by Werner Abrahamson [da].
The work also contains "Kong Christian stod ved højen mast", which became the royal anthem of Denmark. It is set to Kuhlau's arrangement to a tune already being sung to the lyrics originally written by Johannes Ewald for an entirely different play. However Elves' Hill is considered instrumental to the romantic popularity of the anthem.

## In popular culture

In the eighth Olsen-banden movie (Olsen-banden ser rødt), the Olsen gang bombs, drills, and hammers its way through an opera house's basement in synchronicity with the music of the Elverhøj Overture.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Shore 2008, pp. 131
* ↑ Møller, Kristian Langdal (1954). "H. C. Andersen i Helsingør" (snippet). Anderseniana. 2. rk. II:4: 342–51., p.344n "der opførtes 1. Gang 5 Dage efter Brylluppet"; Reprinted in: [Strejflys over hans Liv og hans Digtning] (1968), p.20.
* ↑ Wamberg, Niels Birger (1971). H. C. Andersen og Heiberg (snippet). Politiken. p. 275. ISBN 9788756715812.
* 1 2 Kuhn 2000, p. 295
* ↑ Shore 2008, pp. 136
* ↑ Shore 2008, pp. 152
* ↑ Shore 2008, pp. 133–135
* ↑ Abrahamson, Werner Hans Frederik, ed. (1812). "XXXIV:Elveskud, p.234; XXXV, p. 237". Udvalgte danske viser fra middelalderen. Vol. 1. F.F. Schultz.
* ↑ Grundtvig, Sven (1856). "46. Elvehøj, p.105-; 47.Elveskud, p. 109-". Danmarks gamle folkeviser. Vol. 2. Samfundet til den danske literaturs fremme.
* ↑ Shore 2008, pp. 156–157
# Sévère Rivard

Sévère-Dominique Rivard (7 August 1834 – 4 February 1888) was a Canadian lawyer and politician, the Mayor of Montreal, Quebec between 1879 and 1881.
After an education at the Séminaire de Nicolet, Rivard apprenticed in law under Rodolphe Laflamme and Edmund Barnard, formally becoming a lawyer in 1859.
In 1870, Rivard was elected to city council at the Saint-Jacques ward and was re-elected to council in 1873. Between 1870 and 1877 he also served as a member of the city's Roman Catholic Board of School Commissioners. Rivard campaigned for mayor in 1879, defeating the allegedly undefeatable incumbent Jean-Louis Beaudry by a 290-vote margin. He ran unopposed in the 1880 election and enjoyed a second term as Mayor.
He was a member of the Legislative Council of Quebec from 1886 until his death.
Rivard died on 4 February 1888 after sustaining a case of "paralysis". He was entombed at the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery in Montreal.
# Proteobiotics

Proteobiotics are natural metabolites which are produced by fermentation process of specific probiotic strains. These small oligopeptides were originally discovered in and isolated from culture media used to grow probiotic bacteria and may account for some of the health benefits of probiotics.
Several genera of probiotic bacteria are known to produce proteobiotics, including Lactococcus spp., Pediococcus spp. Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.

## Mode of action

Recent studies have explored mode of action of proteobiotics and their potential benefits in maintaining the ratio of beneficial bacteria, lowering bacterial imbalance, and improving gut function. However, any of the statements based on research have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration.
Unlike other molecules produced by probiotic bacteria, such as organic acids and bacteriocins, proteobiotics are natural metabolites which interfere with quorum sensing, the cell-to-cell communications which occur between bacterial cells, mainly by interfering with the LuxS quorum sensing system. These quorum-sensing systems allow bacteria to respond to changes in their environment and play a role in the ability of pathogens to evade host defence mechanisms. By interfering with quorum sensing, proteobiotics inhibit the cascade of events leading to adhesion to, and invasion of, host cells. This is achieved through reduced expression of specific virulence genes (typically found on pathogenicity islands) that facilitate the infection process. Specifically, proteobiotics inhibit virulence genes involved in toxin production, biofilm formation, cell adhesion and invasion. In enterohemorrhagic E. coli and Salmonella spp., genes associated with Type 3 Secretion Systems seem to be the main targets.
The degree to which proteobiotics can reduce virulence-gene expression depends on the pathogen and the source of the proteobiotics. Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived proteobiotics down-regulate virulence genes in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Clostridioides difficile, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter jejuni. Whereas those produced by Bifidobacterium spp. have been shown to impact virulence gene expression in Campylobacter jejuni, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Clostridioides difficile, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella Typhimurium.
# List of hesperiid genera:G

The large Lepidoptera family Hesperiidae (skippers) contains the following genera:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
* Galerga
* Gallio
* Gamia
* Gangara
* Garga
* Ge
* Gecana
* Gegenes
* Gehenna
* Gehlota
* Gerosis
* Gesta
* Gindanes
* Gomalia
* Gorgopas
* Gorgophone
* Gogyra
* Gorgythion
* Grais
* Granila
* Gretna
* Gunayan
* Gyrogra
# Asadullah Saadati

Asadullah Sa'adati (Dari: اسدالله سعادتی) is an ethnic Hazara politician in Afghanistan. He is the former representative of this province during the 16th term of Afghanistan Parliament.

## Early life

Asadullah Saadati was born on 2 April 1974 in Shahristan District of Daykundi province. He completed his school education in his city in Daikundi and obtained a bachelor's degree in (Dari-Persian) language from Kabul University in 2005.
# Kent Carlsson (politician)

Kent Carlsson (1962–1993) was a Swedish Social Democratic Party politician. He was a member of the Riksdag for the Stockholm municipal constituency from 1991 until his death in 1993. Carlsson was the first ever openly gay representative in the Swedish Riksdag.
# Adorjan

Adorjan (Serbian Cyrillic: Адорјан, Hungarian: Adorján) is a village in Serbia. It is located in the Kanjiža municipality, in the North Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Hungarian ethnic majority (74.91%) and a population of 1,128 (2002 census).
# Bible translations into Breton

Jean-François Le Gonidec translated the Bible into Breton language. After the Catholic Church refused its publication it was eventually published in 1827 under the auspices of the British and Foreign Bible Society, who had been lobbied to support Le Gonidec by the champion of Welsh language publications, Thomas Price (known as "Carnhuanawc"). The resulting "Protestant" translation was placed on the Index of Banned Books by the Catholic Church.
The Old Testament of Le Gonideg was edited after his death by Editions Prud'hommes (Saint-Brieuc), printer of the Diocese of Saint-Brieuc, in 1866.
A contemporary translation of the Old Testament is Testamant Kozh, 5 volumes, translated from Hebrew into Breton by Pierre Le Gall and Job Lec'hvien. Editions An Tour-Tan (1980–1986).

## New Testament

There are several translations of the New Testament in Breton language.
* Testamant Nevez, 2 volumes, translated into Breton under the supervision of Maodez Glanndour, a Catholic priest. Editions Al Liamm, Lannion (1969–1971).
* Another modern translation of the New Testament is that of the « Kenvreuriez ar brezoneg » Eskopti Kemper ha Leon (Confraternity of the Breton language, Diocese of Quimper and Leon, a group of Breton-speaking priests from this diocese) under the supervision of Mgr Visant Favé, former auxiliary bishop of the diocese of Quimper and Leon, and a Breton writer:
** Aviel Jezuz-Krist (the four gospels): this translation for liturgical and pastoral purposes was edited by Editions « Ar Skol dre Lizer » in 1982.
** An Testamant Nevez (eil lodenn): The New Testament (second part), translated and edited by the «Kenvreuriez ar brezoneg» in 1988, also with a liturgical and pastoral aim.
* The Father Pierre Guichou, a catholic biblist, has published his own translation in 2002, edited by the catholic spiritual centre Minihi Levenez: An Testamant Nevez. Kelou Mad Jezuz, or Zalver (« The New Testament. Good News from Jesus our Saviour ») translated from Greek into Breton.
# Michael (footballer, born 1999)

Michael Rangel dos Santos de Almeida (born 27 May 1999), commonly known as Michael, is a Brazilian footballer who currently plays as a defender for Bnei Yehuda.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 8 December 2020.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bnei Yehuda | 2020–21 | Ligat Ha`Al | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
# Noé Gianetti

Noé Gianetti (born 6 October 1989 in Lavertezzo) is a Swiss former professional racing cyclist. His father Mauro was also a professional cyclist.

## Major results
### 2006

    1st Stage 2 Vuelta al Besaya

### 2012

    1st Chur–Arosa
# Überwachungsgeschwader

The Überwachungsgeschwader (UeG) (English: surveillance squadron, French: escadre de surveillance, Italian: Squadra di vigilanza) was the overall unit of the Swiss Air Force professional pilots.

## History

In the 20th century, Swiss military pilots were fundamentally militia soldiers. On April 4, 1941, the Federal Council decided to create the Überwachungsgeschwader. Those pilots also served as flight instructors for new pilots.
From 1966 the UeG operated the Militär-Helikopter-Rettungsdienst (military helicopter rescue service) as a supplement to the civilian SAR.
The surveillance squadron had its headquarters on the Dübendorf Air Base and had disbanded by the end of 2005.
# Télesphore-Eusèbe Normand

Télesphore-Eusèbe Normand (August 18, 1832 – April 3, 1918) was a politician from Quebec, Canada.

## Background

He was born on August 18, 1832, in Quebec City. He was a notary. He was married to Alphonsine Giroux in 1856 and to Marie Dufresne in 1893.

## Mayor of Trois-Rivières

Normand served as a Council member from 1861 to 1865 and as a Mayor of Trois-Rivières from 1873 to 1876 and from 1889 to 1894.

## Provincial Politics

He ran as a Liberal candidate in the district of Champlain in 1867 and 1871. Each time he lost. He also lost an 1876 by-election as a Conservative in the district of Trois-Rivières.
However he won the general election in the same district in 1890 and 1892. The 1892 general election was cancelled, but he won the by-election that followed. He was re-elected in 1897, but did not run for re-election in 1900.

## Death

Normand died on April 3, 1918.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Biography". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec.
Political offices :
| Preceded byJoseph-Napoléon Bureau | Mayor of Trois-Rivières 1873–1876 | Succeeded byArthur Turcotte |
| Preceded byJ.-E. Hétu | Mayor of Trois-Rivières 1889–1894 | Succeeded byPhilippe-Elisée Panneton |
* This article about a Members of the National Assembly of Quebec from the Conservative Party of Quebec is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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