OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# HMS Undaunted (1914)

HMS Undaunted was one of eight Arethusa-class light cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the 1910s.

## Design and description

The Arethusa-class cruisers were intended to lead destroyer flotillas and defend the fleet against attacks by enemy destroyers. The ships were 456 feet 6 inches (139.1 m) long overall, with a beam of 49 feet 10 inches (15.2 m) and a deep draught of 15 feet 3 inches (4.6 m). Displacement was 5,185 long tons (5,268 t) at normal and 5,795 long tons (5,888 t) at full load. Undaunted was powered by four Brown-Curtis steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, which produced a total of 40,000 indicated horsepower (30,000 kW). The turbines used steam generated by eight Yarrow boilers which gave her a speed of about 28.5 knots (52.8 km/h; 32.8 mph). She carried 840 long tons (853 t) tons of fuel oil that gave a range of 3,200 nautical miles (5,900 km; 3,700 mi) at 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph).
The main armament of the Arethusa-class ships consisted of two BL 6-inch (152 mm) Mk XII guns that were mounted on the centreline fore and aft of the superstructure and six QF 4-inch Mk V guns in waist mountings. They were also fitted with a single QF 3-pounder 47 mm (1.9 in) anti-aircraft gun and four 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes in two twin mounts.

## Construction and career

She was launched on 28 April 1914 at Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company's shipyard at Govan. Undaunted participated in numerous naval operations during the First World War. On commissioning she was assigned as the leader of the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla of the Harwich Force, guarding the eastern approaches to the English Channel. On 28 August 1914, Undaunted took part in the Battle of Heligoland Bight, and on 17 October 1914 she was involved in an action off the Dutch island of Texel with German torpedo boats. On 25 December 1914 she participated in the Cuxhaven Raid, and on 24 January 1915 she took part in the Battle of Dogger Bank. In April 1915 Undaunted was damaged in collision with the destroyer Landrail, and on 24 March 1916 she was again damaged in a collision, this time with the light cruiser Cleopatra while covering the a raid on a Zeppelin base believed to be at Hoyer in Schleswig-Holstein. In November 1918 was reassigned to the 4th Light Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet. She survived to see the end of the First World War, and was sold for scrap on 9 April 1923 to Cashmore, of Newport.
# Bai Gang

Bai Gang (Chinese: 白刚, born 20 March 1961) is a Chinese retired para table tennis player. He won a silver medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.
He is a polio survivor. He began his para table tennis career when he was 39.
# Shire in the Tigray war

The town of Shire was notable in the Tigray War for its role as a major centre of internally displaced people, for the shelling of civilians, for being looted, and for massacres in November 2020 and February 2021.

## Internally displaced people

Shire became a major centre for internally displaced people (IDPs) and humanitarian aid distribution during the Tigray War. Soon after the Northern Command attacks, when armed fighting started in the federal–Tigrayan conflict, thousands of people fleeing from the fighting to the west arrived in Shire. In December 2020, when Shire was controlled by the ENDF, Shire residents accepting wheat as food aid were required to sign for twice the amount that they received, or else receive no food. Much of the wheat was transported by the EDF to Eritrea. From 4–8 March 2021, 5,000 IDPs arrived. Oliver Behn of Médecins Sans Frontières described the new arrivals as being "in very bad conditions ... very exhausted, dehydrated, skinny". In March, Shire was considered to be a humanitarian base, with 16,000 IDPs hosted in three schools converted into camps. One refugee described having "survived on just leaves for a month while she hid in a forest".
By June 2021, Shire was the town in Tigray Region hosting the highest number of IDPs, out of the total estimated 1,950,000 IDPs at the time.

## Shelling and looting

According to Human Rights Watch (HRW), 10 civilians were killed in shelling of Shire on 17 November 2020. Tigray special forces were not present in Shire at the time according to residents. The victims' bodies, showing shrapnel wounds, were laid outside Suhul hospital for identification. The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) was in control of Shire by 18 November. HRW called the shelling "unlawful" and stated that "indiscriminate attacks, and attacks expected to cause greater harm to civilians than the anticipated military gain" would constitute war crimes. According to a witness who spoke to Tghat, "factories, hotels, a mosque, churches, and condominium buildings" were destroyed by the ENDF and Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) after they entered Shire. A resident stated to The Guardian that "All government assets have been destroyed and looted".

## Massacres

Massacres of civilians in Shire including the killing of 13 people on 15 November 2020, of 200 people by the ENDF and EDF on 17 November following the entry of the two forces into Shire, and 10 on 15 February 2021. Residents attributed the 17 November executions primarily to the EDF, describing the victims as having been "slaughtered like chickens". The corpses were left to be "eaten by hyenas".
# Robyn Belton

Robyn Belton is an illustrator of children's books. Her work, often focusing on themes of war and peace, has won many prizes, including the New Zealand Post Children's Book Awards 1997 Picture Book Winner and Book of the Year, and the Russell Clark Award in 1985 and 2009. She herself has been recognised with the prestigious Storylines Margaret Mahy Award and the inaugural Ignition Children's Book Festival Award. She lives in Otago, New Zealand.

## Biography

Robyn Belton was born in 1947. She grew up on a farm at Whangaehu, near Whanganui and went to boarding school at Whanganui from the age of 12. Later she studied at the Canterbury School of Fine Arts where Russell Clark was one of her tutors and began her illustrating work for the New Zealand School Journal in 1977. With her husband Peter, she lived in Levin and Nelson before moving to Dunedin.
Her illustration style has been described as focusing on "the detail of everyday life" and bringing "a whimsical touch”. She has illustrated books by Margaret Mahy and Joy Cowley (including the popular Greedy Cat series). With author Jennifer Beck, she has produced titles such as The Bantam and the Soldier and The Anzac Violin which deal sensitively with war-related topics Talking with fellow artist Jenny Cooper, Belton commented that “somehow, unintentionally, we've both become ‘war artists'” and added “I tell myself that I'm being a Peace Warrior and hope like anything that it might do some good."

## Awards and residencies

Belton's work has won her numerous prizes and awards. Several of her books have been shortlisted for the Russell Clark Award for Illustration or named as Storylines Notable Books. The Bantam and The Soldier, written by Jennifer Beck and illustrated by Robyn Belton, was New Zealand Post Children's Book Awards 1997 Picture Book Winner and Book of the Year.
The Duck in the Gun, an anti-war picture book written by Joy Cowley and illustrated by Robyn Belton, won the Russell Clark Award in 1985 and was later selected as one of ten books for the Hiroshima Peace Museum.
Herbert the Brave Sea Dog, based on the true story of a dog lost at sea, was both written and illustrated by Belton and won the 2009 Russell Clark Award.
Belton was awarded the Storylines Margaret Mahy Medal in 2006 and delivered her speech titled "Gathering Images: The Stories Behind the Pictures". In 2011, she was the recipient of the William Hodges Fellowship.
In 2015, Belton and Jennifer Beck shared a joint residency as University of Otago College of Education / Creative New Zealand Children's Writer in Residence. During this time, they worked on The Anzac Violin, based on the story of Alexander Aitken and the Aitken Violin, now on display at Otago Boys' High School.
In 2018, she received the inaugural Ignition Children's Book Festival Award in Dunedin for her "sustained and dedicated contribution to children’s literature and illustration over a lifetime of work."
# Desert pocket gopher

The desert pocket gopher (Geomys arenarius) is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in the state of Chihuahua in Mexico and in Texas and New Mexico in the United States.

## Description

Geomys arenarius is a medium sized rodent, with a relatively long and hairy tail, and pale coloration. Like other gophers, their bodies are thicker than other rodents, eyes are reduced, and they are equipped with large, strong-clawed forelimbs allowing them to be fossorial. Their fur is a dull brown along their backs, with scattered black tipped hairs. The dull brown coloration continues dorsally and laterally until it reaches the chest, abdomen and feet, where it sometimes blends with the white hair of these areas.

## Phylogeny

The desert pocket gopher is in the genus Geomys, within the family Geomyidae within the order Rodentia. The evolutionary history of Geomys arenarius has been studied by several different parties, but the exact phylogeny is still being decided. While there was evidence to give the Geomys arenarius its own taxon based on genetic and morphological uniqueness, some researchers believe it is actually a subspecies of Geomys bursarius because of the similarities between the two rodents. No solid argument has been made to dispute the status of Geomys arenarius as its own species, but many researchers report that it is a subspecies, it has merely been separated by allopatric speciation. When this species is given full species status, two subspecies are recognized, G. a arenarius and G. a. brevirostris.

## Ecology
### Distribution and habitat

Desert pocket gophers mostly inhabit a narrow strip of land following the upper Rio Grande Valley from Chihuahua, Mexico, then proceeding north and west into parts of New Mexico and Texas in the United States. Due to their restricted home range size, they are isolated from other members of Geomys.
This species has a very patchy and disjointed distribution. The subspecies G. a. brevirostris is the more northern subspecies. The main G. a. brevirostris population is in White Sands National Park in the Tularosa Basin of New Mexico. Two small populations of this subspecies occur: one south of Gran Quivira and one in the Jornada del Muerto basin. G. a. arenarius is more widespread, living along the Rio Grande and its tributaries, in southern New Mexico, western Texas, and northern Chihuahua. The population in the Deming Plains near Columbus, New Mexico is possibly extinct.
Desert pocket gophers prefer areas of well-traveled, loose soil, or sandy riverbanks; places that are easy to tunnel into and make a burrow. They are commonly found near open water like rivers, ponds, or irrigation canals. The areas they inhabit are usually skirted by rocky plains or desert. Their preferred climate is one that is arid and moisture deficient, where summers are long and hot and winters are short and moderate in temperature.
In comparison to other gopher species, the desert pocket gopher-depending on the properties of the soil-can have a significant effect on the soils in the habitats it dwells in because it causes more disturbance from its digging than other species do.
# Nicolas Ioannou

Nicolas George Ioannou (Greek: Νικόλας Γιώργος Ιωάννου; born 8 January 1965), also known as "Rudy", is a Cypriot yacht and speedboat manufacturer since 1991, and a property developer. He is the CEO of several companies including Coast and Hills Developments. He has investments in hotels and residential towers as well as marina developments. Ioannou has been appointed by the Cypriot president as honorary consul of Cyprus in the Sinai Peninsula.

## Career
### Business
#### Boat-racing & Boat-building

During the time Ioannou resided in Egypt, he was the national Union Internationale Motonautique president. As a speed boat manufacturer he organised the first red sea rib rally and brought to this event a long list of world class royalty, celebrities, business people and adventurers, and created thereafter a series of events which included the first ever Formula 2 race in the Egyptian Nile, "les 8 heurs du nil".
Rudy, also personally participated in several boat racing events such as the one in Zeebrugge in which he came first place. However boat racing, boat races, and boat building reportedly remain to this day his hobby. In 2007, he moved to Monaco where he stayed in his apartment in Fontvieille to work more closely with the UIM. As for boat building, Ioannou formed his ship building company after having built his first 105-foot steel yacht by the age of 26. He later moved to speedboat and rigid inflatable boat manufacturing where he ended up receiving several awards for retail and military navy contracting. The Italian Navy also endowed him with a high honor award for marine contracting and contribution to their navy fleet of military vessels.

#### Projects in progress

Nicolas Ioannou is currently developing several projects around Europe. His company is working on the developments of projects to build a new commercial and residential compound and marina, as well as other several projects to pioneer high rise towers that consist of 5-star luxury apartments and hotels that are said to break the record for the tallest buildings in their countries. Ioannou is undertaking many of these projects reportedly along with his Egyptian and Saudi Arabian billionaire partners who are shareholders within the company.

### Politics

Ioannou was in Egypt during the 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh attacks where he intervened to aid the Cypriot tourists in Egypt at the time. After providing refuge to the surviving victims he was esteemed as a man of resources to aid the Cypriot government in political missions during crisis. This led to his endowment as the Honorary Consul of Cyprus in Egypt where he was able to provide an exit from Egypt to Cypriots who desired to leave the country in a time where Egyptian airports were shut down by the government for security reasons during the 2011 Egyptian Revolution.

### Real estate

Ioannou owns a significant amount of land in Cyprus some of which he inherited. This land was owned by his grandfather before the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in the north. He also owns land in Greece, as well as an island in the Ionian Sea.
# Agios Andronikos

Agios Andronikos (Greek: Άγιος Ανδρόνικος "Saint Andronicus [of Kanakaria]"; Turkish: Yeşilköy "green village") is a village between Leonarisso and Gialousa on the Karpass Peninsula in Cyprus. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus.
Prior to 1974, Agios Andronikos had a mixed Greek- and Turkish Cypriot population. The Greek Cypriots constituted a majority. Though only a small number of the village's Greek Cypriot inhabitants fled during the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, nearly all of them left for the south of the island by mid-1976. As of 2011, Agios Andronikos had a population of 799.
# Li Juan (runner)

Li Juan (栗 娟, born 5 October 1968) is a Chinese long-distance runner. She competed in the women's marathon at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She won the 1987 Hong Kong Marathon in a time of 2:37:35.
# Place Seffarine

Place Seffarine or Seffarine Square (Arabic: ساحة الصفارين; also transliterated as Saffarin) is a small square in the medina (old city) of Fes, Morocco. It is located on the south side of the Qarawiyyin Mosque, close to the Bou Khrareb River which runs through the heart of the medina. The square dates back to the Middle Ages but has also undergone renovations in modern times. It is adjoined by the Qarawiyyin's library to the northwest, by the Saffarin Madrasa to the east, and by the Saffarin Hammam (bathhouse) to the southwest. It is named after the coppersmiths (seffarin or saffarin; Arabic: الصفارين) who have had their workshops here for centuries.

## History

The square was historically the main souq (market) of the city's coppersmiths (Arabic: الصفارين, romanized: saffarin), who gave the square its name. They are still present today. Their workshops have been established here since at least the 16th century, when Leo Africanus noted their presence.$^{:339–340}$ The Saffarin Madrasa, whose entrance is on this square, was built here in 1271 CE by the Marinid sultan Abu Yusuf Ya'qub and is the oldest purpose-built madrasa in Morocco.$^{:286}$ It is still in use today and was most recently renovated in the late 2010s. The Qarawiyyin library on the northwest side of the square was first built here in the late 16th century by Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, although the Qarawiyyin had an earlier library built further north in 1349 by Abu Inan. The Saffarin Hammam also dates to the 14th century during the Marinid era.
The square underwent a significant set of renovations in the 1930s and 1940s during the French protectorate period due to a request by the manager of the habous (endowments) of the Qarawiyyin, as well as on the initiatives of King Mohammed V. This program of restorations, which affected many of the surrounding buildings and boutiques, has given the square much of its present-day appearance. In the process, the library of the Qarawiyyin was significantly expanded and was reopened in 1949 in its current form seen today. The Madrasa Mohammadia, an annex to the Saffarin Madrasa added in the 18th century, was also significantly renovated and expanded at this time. More recently, in the 2010s, several of the surrounding structures were again renovated, including the two madrasas (Saffarin and Mohammadia) and the Qarawiyyin library. The Saffarin Hammam was also recently undergoing restoration, under the supervision of architect Rachid Halaoui, as part of an Austrian-led project to restore various historic hammams across the Mediterranean region.
# Mouterhouse

Mouterhouse (French pronunciation:; German: Mutterhausen; Lorraine Franconian: Muterhüse) is a commune in the Moselle department of the Grand Est administrative region in north-eastern France.
The village belongs to the Pays de Bitche and to the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park.
# Chen Feng (fencer)

Chen Feng (born 28 January 1980) is a Chinese fencer. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Joepie

Joepie (Dutch: Yippie) was a weekly youth and music magazine published in Belgium. The magazine appeared between 1973 and 2015.

## History and profile

Joepie was first published on 28 February 1973. The founding company was N.V. Sparta which was later renamed as Magnet Magazines. It was the precursor of De Persgroep. Guido Van Liefferinge was the founding editor-in-chief of the magazine which was published in Dutch.
Joepie published photonovels which featured the Belgian singers such as Willy Sommers, Micha Mara, Paul Severs, Jimmy Frey and John Terra. The magazine was redesigned in 1985 to improve its sales and became a publication with a focus on pop music celebrities. It began to target 12-17 years old girls after its redesign. The publications of photonovels ended in February 2014. The magazine sold 31,133 copies in February 2015. Joepie folded in the late 2015 due to lower circulation levels. Shortly before its closure the frequency of the magazine was redesigned as monthly in April 2015.
Two special issues of Joepie were published in 2019 and in 2023 for charity purposes.
# Chen Sensen

Chen Sensen (Chinese: 陈森森; pinyin: Chén Sēnsēn; born 10 May 1996) is a Chinese rower.
He won a medal at the 2019 World Rowing Championships.
# Chen Yang (gymnast)

Chen Yang (Chinese: 陈杨, born 26 December 1987) is a Chinese gymnast who represented China at the 2005 Trampoline World Championships.
# Vegetarian Cannibal

Vegetarian Cannibal (Croatian: Ljudožder vegetarijanac) is a 2012 Croatian drama film directed by Branko Schmidt. It was released on 1 March 2012 and stars Rene Bitorajac as an immoral doctor.

## Plot

Danko Babić (Rene Bitorajac) is highly successful and much sought after as a doctor of gynecology, but at the same time he is also incredibly ambitious and willing to do whatever it takes to succeed. These traits eventually lead him to Jedinko (Emir Hadžihafizbegović), a pimp who specializes in high-end prostitution and drug dealing. He's willing to pay Danko a considerable sum to perform abortions on his prostitutes, who get pregnant on a regular basis. Danko quickly gets pulled into a world of organized crime, corruption, and scandal.

## Cast

* Rene Bitorajac as Danko Babić
* Nataša Janjić as Nurse Lana
* Leon Lučev as Ilija
* Emir Hadžihafizbegović as Jedinko
* Zrinka Cvitešić as Dr. Lovrić
* Daria Lorenci as Dr. Miller
* Ksenija Pajić as Dr. Domljan
* Ozren Grabarić as Mario Filipović
* Mustafa Nadarević as Pathologist Marelja
* Robert Ugrina as Dr. Soldo
* Krešimir Mikić as Dr. Bantić
* Rakan Rushaidat as Hassan Al Sadat
* Ljubomir Kerekeš as Professor Matić
* Zdenko Jelčić as Colonel
* Slaven Knezović as Smoljo
* Ksenija Marinković as Patient Švarc

## Production

The film was based on the eponymous novel by Ivo Balenović, also known by the pen name "Alen Bović".

## Reception

Film School Rejects was mixed in their review, praising Bitorajac's acting while commenting that the film's ending "will easily divide the audience". The Austinist was more positive, stating "Yes, this movie is kind of a downer, but adventurous filmgoers will probably find Vegetarian Cannibal to be worth their time".
The film was selected as the Croatian entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist.
Lead actor Bitorajac states that he views the character of Danko as the "most despicable character he has ever played" and that while he was initially leery of the script, he was satisfied after seeing the completed product.

### Awards

* Golden Arena for Best Actor (Rene Bitorajac) at the Pula Film Festival (2012, won)
* Golden Arena for Best Director at the Pula Film Festival (2012, won)
* Golden Arena for Best Cinematography at the Pula Film Festival (2012, won)
* Best Art Direction at the Pula Film Festival (2012, won)
* Best Achievement in Make-Up at the Pula Film Festival (2012, won)
* Kodak Award at the Pula Film Festival (2012, won)
# Chen Yin (swimmer)

Chen Yin (born March 29, 1986, in Qinhuangdao, Hebei) is a Chinese former competitive swimmer.
He competed for China at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, both times in the men's 200 m butterfly.

## Major achievements

* 2005 National Games - 2nd 200 m fly;
* 2006 Asian Championships - 1st 200 m fly
# Flag of Chola

The Flag of Chola or Tiger Flag (Tamil: புலி கொடி) was used by the Tamil Chola dynasty. The Tiger or Jumping Tiger was the royal emblem of the Cholas and was depicted on coins, seals and banners. On the coins of Uttama Chola, the Chola Tiger was shown sitting between the twin fish of Pandya and the bow of Chera. The flag of Chola is mentioned in Periya Puranam, which was compiled during the 12th century by Sekkizhar.
The Periya Puranam has following mention about Chola flag:
   பாட்டியற் றமிழுரை பயின்ற வெல்லையுட்
   கோட்டுயர் பனிவரைக் குன்றி னுச்சியிற் சூட்டிய வளர்புலிச் சோழர் காவிரி நாட்டியல் பதனையா னவில லுற்றனன்.
   - பெரியபுராணம்

## Contemporary derivatives

The Flag of Tamil Eelam was inspired by the Chola flag.