OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alain Cavalier

Alain Cavalier (French:; born 14 September 1931) is a French film director.

## Biography

Cavalier was born in Vendôme, Loir-et-Cher and studied film at the Institut des hautes études cinématographiques. He won several awards, including the César Award for Best Film and César Award for Best Director for his film Thérèse in 1987. His film Pater premiered In Competition at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival.
He was married to the French film actress and former Miss France winner Irène Tunc.

## Filmography

* 1958 : Un Américain (court métrage)
* 1962 : Le Combat dans l'île
* 1964 : L'Insoumis
* 1967 : Mise à sac
* 1968 : La Chamade
* 1976 : Le Plein de super
* 1979 : Ce répondeur ne prend pas de message
* 1979 : Martin et Léa
* 1981 : Un étrange voyage
* 1986 : Thérèse
* 1987 : 24 portraits d'Alain Cavalier (1ère partie)
* 1991 : 24 portraits d'Alain Cavalier (2ème partie)
* 1993 : Libera Me
* 1996 : La Rencontre
* 1998 : Georges de la Tour (documentaire)
* 2000 : Vies
* 2001 : René
* 2004 : Le Filmeur
* 2005 : Bonnard (moyen-métrage)
* 2007 : Les Braves (documentaire)
* 2007 : Lieux saints (moyen-métrage)
* 2009 : Irène
* 2009 : Sept gouttes de sommeil (moyen-métrage)
* 2011 : Pater
* 2014 : Le Paradis
* 2015 : Le Caravage
* 2017 : Six portraits XL
* 2019 : To Be Alive and Know It
* 2022 : L'Amitié
# Grant Simmer

Grant Simmer (born 1957) is an Australian sailor and yacht designer who has competed in multiple America's Cups.
He sailed as navigator on Australia II when it won the 1983 America's Cup. He stayed with Alan Bond's syndicate and was navigator on Australia IV during the 1987 Defender Selection Series. He was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia in the 1984 Australia Day Honours.
He was a co-owner of North Sails Australia for 17 years until, in 2000, Simmer joined Alinghi as managing director and head of design. He helped design their winning 2003 and 2007 America's Cup boats as well as Alinghi 5 for the 2010 America's Cup defence.
In 2010, he joined Team Origin as CEO. He joined Oracle Racing in 2012 as their general manager, overseeing day-to-day operations at the 2013 and 2017 America's Cups.
He was inducted into the America's Cup Hall of Fame in 2013.
Simmer joined Ben Ainslie Racing in late 2017 to prepare for the 2021 America's Cup.
Grant Simmer is CEO of Britain's America's Cup team. He has competed in 10 America's Cup cycles, winning sport's oldest international trophy four times. His first Cup experience was as a young navigator aboard Australia II's, during their historic victory in 1983, breaking America's 132-year stronghold on the Cup. It was the first time in the competition's history that the trophy had left American shores. The Australian born sailor/designer has gone on to win the America's Cup three further times as head of design, managing director and general manager with Swiss team Alinghi and more recently with ORACLE TEAM USA.
Career highlights: 2013: Winner 34th America's Cup with OTUSA (San Francisco, USA) 2013: Inducted into the America's Cup Hall of Fame 2003 & 2007: Winner America's Cup with Alinghi (Auckland, New Zealand & Valencia, Spain) 1983: Winner America's Cup Australia II (Newport, USA)
# Ryōsuke Hashiguchi

Ryōsuke Hashiguchi (橋口亮輔, Hashiguchi Ryōsuke, born 13 July 1962) is a Japanese film director particularly known for projects concerning LGBT community issues. He won the award for Best Director at the 24th Yokohama Film Festival for Hush! and at the 33rd Hochi Film Award for All Around Us.

## Filmography

| Year | English title | Original title | Notes |
| 1981 | Fa | ファ Fa | director; short film, 4 minutes |
| 1985 | Whistling...1985 | ヒュルル…1985 Hyururu...1985 | director; writer; actor; producer |
| 1989 | A Secret Evening | 夕辺の秘密 Yūbe no himitsu | director; writer; actor 1994 Tokyo International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival title: Secret in the Evening |
| 1993 | A Touch of Fever | 二十才の微熱 Hatachi no binetsu | director; writer |
| 1995 | Like Grains of Sand | 渚のシンドバッド Nagisa no Shindobaddo | director; writer; actor |
| 2001 | Hush! | ハッシュ! | director; writer |
| 2008 | All Around Us | ぐるりのこと。 Gururi no koto | director; writer |
| 2013 | Zentai | ゼンタイ Zentai | director; writer |
| 2013 | Sunrise Sunset | サンライズ・サンセット Sanraizu sansetto | director; writer |
| 2015 | Three Stories of Love | 恋人たち Koibito-tachi | director; writer |
| 2024 | With Mother | お母さんが一緒 Okaasan ga Issho | director; writer |
# Rodrigo Morales (footballer, born August 1994)

Rodrigo Alonso Morales Godoy (born 5 August 1994) is a Venezuelan professional footballer who plays as a defender or midfielder for El Vigía.

## Career

Morales' career began with Estudiantes de Mérida. He made his professional bow in the Primera División on 26 October 2014, with the player being substituted on for Javier Guillén after seventy-three minutes of a match with Llaneros. Two further substitute appearances in league and cup followed during the 2015 campaign against Mineros de Guayana and Deportivo Táchira, before Morales started for the first time in February 2016 versus Petare; which was one of seven matches in 2016 as Estudiantes placed thirteenth overall. In 2017, Morales joined El Vigía of the Segunda División.

## Career statistics

    As of 14 January 2019.
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Estudiantes de Mérida | 2014–15 | Primera División | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Estudiantes de Mérida | 2015 | Primera División | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Estudiantes de Mérida | 2016 | Primera División | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
# Rose Hinchey

Rose Moore Hinchey, RRC (21 June 1910 – 4 August 1981) was a New Zealand civilian and military nurse.

## Early life and education

Hinchey was born in Bluff, New Zealand, on 21 June 1910. She was the eldest of four children of William Hinchey and Henrietta Goetze (née Thompson). Her parents ran the Eagle Hotel and her father was also the mayor of Bluff. Hinchey attended Bluff School and Southland Girls' High School. She then trained as a nurse at Kew Hospital in Invercargill, followed by midwifery training at Alexandra Hospital in Wellington.

## Nursing career

On completing her training, Hinchey nursed at a hospital in Bowen Street in Wellington. In 1936, she travelled to England and worked at an obstetric hospital alongside fellow Southland expatriate Charles Read. She was commissioned into the nursing branch of the British Army, Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service, in 1937 and initially nursed at the Cambridge Aldershot Military Hospital for two years. In January 1939, she was posted to a military hospital in Bombay (present-day Mumbai), India. During the Second World War, she served in a number of war zones, and after the war she served in India, the Middle East, Africa, Korea and Malaysia. She attained the rank of major in 1949, which she held until her retirement in 1965. She resettled in Wellington, New Zealand, and died there on 4 August 1981.
Hinchey's medals are displayed in the entrance hall of Southland Girls' High School, and include the Royal Red Cross and the United Nations Service Medal for Korea.
# Muthanna Governorate

Muthanna Governorate (Arabic: المثنى Al Muthannā) or Al Muthanna Province, is a province in Iraq, named after the 7th-century Arab general al-Muthanna ibn Haritha. It is in the south of the country, bordering Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The provincial capital is the city of Samawah. It has the highest poverty rate in Iraq, with a rate of 52%.

## History

Before 1976 it was part of the Diwaniya Province, which included present-day Najaf Governorate and al-Qādisiyyah Governorate.
Samawah is very close to the ancient Sumerian-Babylonian city of Uruk (Aramaic: Erech), which is possibly the source of the name Iraq. After the decline of Babylon following the Seleucid founding of Seleucia, Uruk became the largest city in southern Babylonia, and its name (Erech) came to replace Babili (Babylonia), as the city long outlived the former capital, surviving into the 7th century AD.
In February 1991 it was the location of one of the largest tank battles in history during the Persian Gulf War, the Battle of Norfolk.

## Provincial government

* Governor: Ahmed Manfi Judeh
* Deputy Governor: Sami Al-Hassani
* Chairman of Al-Muthanna Provincial Council: Abdul Latif Al-Hassani
# Emperor Chōkei

Emperor Chōkei (長慶天皇, Chōkei-tennō, 1343 – August 27, 1394) was the 98th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from 1368 through 1383. His personal name was Yutanari (寛成) and his regal name roughly translates to "Long Celebration".

## Genealogy

His father was Emperor Go-Murakami and his mother may have been Kaki Mon'in.
* Empress (chūgū): Saionji Kinshige's daughter
** Gyōgo (行悟; 1377–1406)
* Nyōgo: Noriko (father and family unknown)
** First son: Imperial Prince Tokiyasu (世泰親王)
* Unknown
** Kaimonji Kosho (海門承朝; 1374–1443)
** Sonsei (尊聖; 1376–1432),
** son: founder of Tamagawa family (玉川宮)

## Biography

On March 29, 1368 (Shōhei 23, 11th day of the 3rd month), following the death of Emperor Murakami II, he was enthroned in the house of the Chief Priest at the Sumiyoshi Grand Shrine in Sumiyoshi, Osaka, where the Southern Court had made its capital. However, because the Southern Court's influence was declining, the enthronement remained in some doubt until the Taishō period. In 1926, the enthronement was officially recognized and inserted into the Imperial Line.
Emperor Chōkei insisted throughout his reign on fighting the Northern Dynasty, but it was already too late. In 1383 or 1384, he abdicated to Emperor Go-Kameyama, who supported the peace faction.
After the reunification of the rival courts, he went into retirement and eventually returned to Yoshino where he died on August 27, 1394. The kami of Emperor Chōkei is venerated at Shishō jinja in Totsugawa, Yamato province.

### Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Chōkei's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
* Sadaijin
* Udaijin
* Nadaijin
* Dainagon

## Eras of Chōkei's reign

The years of Chōkei's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.
    Nanboku-chō southern court
* Eras as reckoned by legitimate Court (as determined by Meiji rescript)
* Shōhei (1346–1370)
* Kentoku (1370–1372)
* Bunchū (1372–1375)
* Tenju (1375–1381)
* Kōwa (1381–1384)
    Nanboku-chō northern court
* Eras as reckoned by pretender Court (as determined by Meiji rescript)
* Ōan (1368–1375)
* Eiwa (1375–1379)
* Kōryaku (1379–1381)
* Eitoku (1381–1384)
# Foinikas, Crete

Foinikas (Greek: Φοίνικας) is a former municipality in the Rethymno regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Agios Vasileios, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 138.335 km$^2$ (53.411 sq mi). Population 3,089 (2021). The seat of the municipality was in Sellia.
The formed municipality contains the site of the ancient town Phoenix.
# Do Sineh Castle

Kuran castle (Persian: قلعه دوسینه) is a historical castle located in Baneh County in Kurdistan Province.
# Loče, Slovenske Konjice

Loče (pronounced; German: Heiligengeist in Loče) is a settlement in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Dravinja River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Loče to Loče pri Poljčanah in 1955. The name Loče was restored in 1999. In the past it was known as Heiligengeist in Loče in German.

## History

On 20 June 1892 work started on a narrow gauge (760 mm) steam railroad line called Konjičanka from Poljčane to Slovenske Konjice, with a station in Loče. The line was opened on 20 December 1892, and on 29 June 1921 it was extended to Zreče. It was closed in 1963, and the tracks were removed in 1970.

## Church

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Holy Spirit and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It is a 15th-century church that was extended in the 17th century and restyled in the Baroque style in the 18th century.
# Dromod

Dromod or Drumod (Irish: Dromad, meaning 'long ridge, or back of the wood') is a village in County Leitrim, Ireland. Dromod is a fishing village beside Bofin and Boderg, which are threaded by the River Shannon. Built along the River Shannon, this is a Tidy Towns winner with a modern harbour that is frequently used by cruiser traffic. A water feature in the centre of the village, entitled 'The Weeping Tree', and was made by a local craftsman from a piece of bog oak which was found nearby.

## Demographics

Between 2006 and 2022, the population of Dromod increased from 210 to 753, an increase of 258.6%.

## Dromod railway station

The village has a station on the Dublin-Sligo railway line connecting Sligo and Dublin Connolly long the mainline. Dromod railway station opened on 3 December 1862 and remains in operation, despite closing for goods services on 3 November 1975. Dromod also had a railway station on the narrow gauge Cavan and Leitrim Railway. It opened on 24 October 1887 and finally closed on 1 April 1959. A short section of narrow gauge line has been reopened at the station as part of preservation efforts.

## History

In Gaelic Ireland the place was called "Dromode mac Shanley" in recognition of the dominant Mac Shanly sept of Muintir Eolais. The town is mentioned once in the Irish Annals- "1473: A great war broke out in Muintir-Eolais; and much was destroyed between them, both by burning and slaying. An attack was made by Mac Rannall on the town of Mac Shanly, and the town was burned, and Donough, the son of Donough Mac Shanly, and many others, were slain by him".
An Iron works was established at Dromod c. 1693 – c. 95. Pig iron brought to Dromod Finery forge was used to produce an malleable iron product, for transportation to Dublin and Limerick. The operation was closed down in the 1790s, due to an exhaustion of forests locally.
Through at least the 19th and 20th century, seven annual fairs were held at Dromod- 1 January, 28 March (or 29th), 15 May, 26 June (or 29th), 14 August, 10 October (or 11th), and 11 December.
Between 2000 and 2007, during the Celtic Tiger period, the village grew and several new housing estates and buildings were built in the area. Dromod was classified, by the Central Statistics Office, as a census town for the first time in the 2006 census. At that time it had a population of 210 people. By the 2022 census, the population had grown to 753 people.
The N4 national road, which previously ran through the village, was routed around Dromod and neighbouring Roosky with the opening of the N4 Dromod Roosky Bypass in December 2007.

## People

* John McDonald, a 19th-century poet, lived near Dromod
# Theodor Schwenk

Theodor Schwenk (8 October 1910, in Schwäbisch Gmünd – 29 September 1986, in Filderstadt) was an anthroposophist, engineer and a pioneering water researcher who founded the Institute for Flow. He is most well known for his book Sensitive Chaos: The Creation of Flowing Forms in Water and Air which explores subtle patterns and phenomena of water, air and their relationship to biological forms. The narrative of the book is in the tradition of Goethe and Rudolf Steiner, viewing nature as ruled by a single unifying principle which is apparent in all movement and form.
* This German engineer, inventor or industrial designer biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Kazipara metro station

Kazipara (Bengali: কাজীপাড়া, romanised: Kajeepara) is a metro station of the Dhaka Metro's MRT Line 6. This station is located in Kazipara, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The station commenced operation from 15 March 2023.

## Station
### Station layout

| G | Path level | Exit / Entry |
| L1 | Between | Rent control, station agent, metro card vending machine, crossover |
| L2 | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | Side platform | Doors will open on the left |
| L2 | Platform 1 Southbound | Towards → Agargaon next station is Shewrapara |
| L2 | Platform 2 Northbound | Towards ← Uttara North next station is Mirpur 10 |
| Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| L2 | | |
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Ipameri

The Diocese of Ipameri (Latin: Dioecesis Ipameriensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Brazil. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Goiânia.
Its cathedral is Catedral Divino Espírito Santo, dedicated to the Holy Spirit, in the episcopal see of Ipameri. The current bishop is José Francisco Rodrigues do Rêgo.

## History

* Established on 11 October 1966 as Diocese of Ipameri, on territory split from its Metropolitan, the Archdiocese of Goiania.
* Lost territory on 1989.03.29 to establish the Diocese of Luziânia

## Statistics

As of 2015, it pastorally served 299,000 Catholics (93.4% of 320,000 total population) on 296,426 km² in 17 parishes with 33 priests (17 diocesan, 16 religious), 66 lay religious (21 brothers, 45 sisters) and 5 seminarians.

## Episcopal Ordinaries

(all native Brazilians)

### Bishops of Ipameri

* Gilberto Pereira Lopes (1966.11.03 – 1975.12.19), next Titular Archbishop of Aurusuliana (1975.12.19 – 1982.02.10) as Coadjutor Archbishop of Campinas (Brazil) (1975.12.19 – 1982.02.10), succeeding as Metropolitan Archbishop of Campinas (Brazil) (1982.02.10 – retired 2004.06.02)
* Antônio Ribeiro de Oliveira (1975.12.19 – 1985.10.23); previously Titular Bishop of Arindela (1961.08.25 – 1975.12.19) as Auxiliary Bishop of Goiânia (Brazil) (1961.08.25 – 1975.12.19); later Metropolitan Archbishop of Goiânia (Brazil) (1985.10.23 – retired 2002.05.08), died 2017
* Tarcísio Sebastião Batista Lopes, O.F.M. Cap. (1986.12.19 – 1998.07.29), died 2001: previously Bishop of Grajaú (Brazil) (1984.04.04 – 1986.12.19)
** Apostolic Administrator Archbishop Geraldo do Espírito Santo Ávila (1998.07.29 – 1999.05.19), while Titular Archbishop of Gemellæ in Numidia (1990.10.31 – 1998.03.07) as Archbishop Military Ordinariate of Brazil (1990.10.31 – 2005.11.14); previously Titular Bishop of Gemellæ in Numidia (1977.06.27 – 1990.10.31) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Brasília (Brazil) (1977.06.27 – 1990.10.31)
* Guilherme Antônio Werlang, Missionaries of the Holy Family (M.S.F.) (1999.05.19 – 2018.02.07)), next Bishop of Lages (Brazil) (2018.02.07 – ...).
* José Francisco Rodrigues do Rêgo (2019.05.15 - ...,,)
# Saemangeum–Pohang Expressway

The Saemangeum–Pohang Expressway (Korean: 새만금포항고속도로) is an Expressway in South Korea connecting Gimje to Pohang. Numbered 20, it is in two parts, so a complete journey along this route must make use of other roads.

## List of facilities

* IC: Interchange, JC: Junction, SA: Service Area, TG:Tollgate
| No. | Name | Korean Name | Hanja Name | Connections | Notes | Location |
| 1 | Iksan JC | 익산분기점 | 益山分岐點 | Honam Expressway | | Iksan, Jeollabuk-do |
| 2 | Wanju IC | 완주나들목 | 完州나들목 | National Route 17 | | Wanju, Jeollabuk-do |
| 2-1 | Wanju JC | 완주분기점 | 完州分岐點 | Suncheon-Wanju Expressway | | Wanju, Jeollabuk-do |
| 3 | Soyang IC | 소양나들목 | 所陽나들목 | National Route 26 | | Wanju, Jeollabuk-do |
| SA | Jinan Maisan SA | 진안마이산휴게소 | 鎭安馬耳山休憩所 | | | Jinan, Jeollabuk-do |
| 4 | Jinan IC | 진안나들목 | 鎭安나들목 | National Route 30 | | Jinan, Jeollabuk-do |
| 5 | Jangsu IC | 장수나들목 | 長水나들목 | National Route 19 | | Jangsu, Jeollabuk-do |
| 6 | Jangsu JC | 장수분기점 | 長水分岐點 | Tongyeong-Daejeon Expressway | | Jangsu, Jeollabuk-do |
| Muju ~ Palgongsan section is on the drawing boards |||||||
| TG 20 | Palgongsan IC | 팔공산나들목 | 八公山나들목 | Palgong-ro | | Dong-gu, Daegu |
| 21 | Dodong JC | 도동분기점 | 道洞分岐點 | Gyeongbu Expressway( AH 1) | | Dong-gu, Daegu |
| SA | Wachon SA | 와촌휴게소 | 瓦村休憩所 | | Pohang-bound Only | Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| 22 | Cheongtong·Wachon IC | 청통·와촌나들목 | 淸通瓦村나들목 | Provincial Route 919 | | Yeongcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| SA | Cheongtong SA | 청통휴게소 | 淸通休憩所 | | Iksan-bound Only | Yeongcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| | Hwasan JC | 화산분기점 | 華山分岐點 | Sangju-Yeongcheon Expressway | | Yeongcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| 23 | N. Yeongcheon IC | 북영천나들목 | 北永川나들목 | National Route 35 | | Yeongcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| SA | Yeongcheon SA | 영천휴게소 | 永川休憩所 | | | Yeongcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| 24 | W. Pohang IC | 서포항나들목 | 西浦項나들목 | National Route 31 | | Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| TG | Pohang TG | 포항요금소 | 浦項料金所 | | Main Tollgate | Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| 25 | Hakjeon IC | 학전나들목 | 鶴田나들목 | National Route 31 | Former Expressway's Ending Spot until 2009 | Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| 26 | Pohang IC | 포항나들목 | 浦項나들목 | National Route 31 | | Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
| | Pohang | 포항 종점 | 浦項 終點 | Huimang-daero | | Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do |
# Vodil

Vodil (also spelled as Vuadil, Uzbek: Водил, Vodil, Russian: Вуадиль) is an urban-type settlement in Fergana Region, Uzbekistan. It is part of Fergana District. Its population was 17,551 people in 1989, and 16,200 in 2016.
# Thermococcus kodakarensis

Thermococcus kodakarensis is a species of thermophilic archaea. The type strain T. kodakarensis KOD1 is one of the best-studied members of the genus.

## History

T. kodakarensis was isolated from a solfatara near the shore of Kodakara Island, Kagoshima, Japan. The isolate was originally named Pyrococcus kodakarensis KOD1, but reclassified as a species of Thermococcus, based on 16S rRNA sequence. Early research with T. kodakarensis was directed mostly at its thermostable enzymes (like the KOD DNA polymerase), but its relative ease of handling and genetic manipulation facilitated by natural competence has made it an attractive system for the study of several biological processes.

## Properties

T. kodakarensis cells are irregular cocci 1–2 μm in diameter, often occurring in pairs, and are highly motile by means of lophotrichous archaella. The cell wall consists of a layer of diether and tetraether lipids, and an outer glycoprotein coat. T. kodakarensis is an obligate anaerobe, and a heterotroph, growing rapidly on a variety of organic substrates in the presence of elemental sulfur, producing hydrogen sulfide gas. The generation time is estimated to be 40 minutes under optimum conditions. The requirement for elemental sulfur is relieved when pyruvate or starch is used for growth. In the absence of sulfur, hydrogen is produced instead of hydrogen sulfide. Growth is possible at temperature ranging from 60–100 °C, with an optimum at 85 °C. Like other marine organisms, high salt concentrations are required for optimal growth, and cell lysis may occur in dilute solutions.

## Genome

In 2005, the genome of T. kodakarensis KOD1 was fully sequenced. The genome consists of a single 2,088,737 base pair circular chromosome, encoding a predicted 2306 proteins.
# Department of Traditional Affairs

The Department of Traditional Affairs (DTA) is a department of the South African government, responsible for overseeing the traditional leadership of South Africa's indigenous communities. Along with the Department of Cooperative Governance, it is within the political responsibility of the Minister of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs (CoGTA), who is assisted by a Deputy Minister of Traditional Affairs. As of October 2024 the minister is Velenkosini Hlabisa and his deputies are Dickson Masemola and Zolile Burns-Ncamashe.
In the 2020 budget, R173.4 million was appropriated for the department. In the 2018/19 financial year it had 95 employees.