OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Majduddin

Majd ad-Dīn al-Madanī (Arabic: مجد الدین المدنی; d. 1813), also known as Madan Shāhjahānpūrī (Arabic: مدن شاہجہانپوری), was an 18th-century Indian Muslim theologian. He served as the first principal of the Calcutta Madrasa, the first Alia Madrasa of Bengal.

## Early life and education

Majduddin was born in the 18th century to Tahir al-Husayni in Shahjahanpur, greater Bareilly, North India. He studied under Shaykh Wahhaj ad-Din in Gopamau, Hardoi, who was also the teacher of Muhammad Salih Bengali, It ialso said that Majduddin was a student of Qazi Mubarak, as well as being a senior student of Shah Waliullah Dehlawi, the erstwhile Imam al-Hind. In addition to Islamic jurisprudence, Majduddin was trained in rhetoric and logic.

## Career

In the last quarter of the 18th century, British administrators realised that it was essential to learn the various religious, social, and legal customs and precedents of the subcontinent in order to better manage its administration. As part of this initiative, Warren Hastings, the inaugural Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William, founded the Calcutta Mohammedan College in October 1780. Mullah Majduddin visited Calcutta in September, where he had a large following. On 21 September, several Muslims requested Hastings to use his influence to employ Majduddin as a teacher at the madrasa. Thus, Majduddin became the madrasa's first head preceptor, serving that role for roughly a decade. He is often credited for introducing the Dars-i Nizami, a popular Islamic curriculum of North India, to Bengal and neighbouring lands, although students of Nizamuddin Sihalivi had reached Bengal, such as Abdul Ali Bahrul Ulum (teacher of Ghulam Mustafa Burdwani). He formulated the syllabus of the madrasa. Alongside fundamental Islamic teachings and jurisprudence, he also included the teaching of mathematics, logic and philosophy. The activities of the Madrasa-i-Alia were undertaken in his own home for the first seven months. During this time, he received a monthly wage of 300 takas as the madrasa's principal.
In 1791, Majduddin was removed following an investigation conspired by the British Collector of 24 Parganas accusing him of alleged mismanagement. Following his dismissal from Calcutta, Majduddin found employment as the Qadi of Lucknow, under the Nawab of Awadh Saadat Ali Khan II. However, under political circumstances, he left this career and returned to Bareilly, where he began teaching Islamic jurisprudence at the Dargah of Hafizul Mulk. One of his notable students of Bareilly was Salamat Ullah Kashfi. Majduddin died in 1813.
# Windage

Windage is a term used in aerodynamics, firearms ballistics, and automobiles that mainly relates to the effects of air (e.g., wind) on an object of interest. The term is also used for the similar effects of liquids, such as oil.

## Usage
### Aerodynamics

Windage is a force created on an object by friction when there is relative movement between air and the object. Windage loss is the reduction in efficiency due to windage forces.
For example, electric motors are affected by friction between the rotor and air. Large alternators have significant losses due to windage. To reduce losses, hydrogen gas may be used, since it is less dense.
There are two causes of windage:
* The object is moving and being slowed by resistance from the air.
* A wind is blowing, producing a force on the object.
The term can refer to:
* The effect of the force, for example the deflection of a missile or an aircraft by a cross wind.
* The area and shape of the object that make it susceptible to friction, for example those parts of a boat that are exposed to the wind.
Aerodynamic streamlining can be used to reduce windage.
There is a hydrodynamic effect similar to windage, hydrodynamic drag.

### Ballistics

In firearms parlance, the word windage refers to the sight adjustment used to compensate for the horizontal deviation of the projectile trajectory from the intended point of impact due to wind drift or Coriolis effect. By contrast, the adjustment for the vertical deviation is the elevation.
The colloquial term "Kentucky windage" refers to the practice of holding the aim to the upwind side of the target (also known as deflection shooting or "leading" the wind) to compensate for wind drift, without actually changing the existing adjustment settings on the gunsight.
In muzzleloading firearms, windage also refers to the difference in diameter between the bore and the ball, especially in muskets and cannons. The bore gap allows the shot to be loaded quickly, but reduces the efficiency of the weapon's internal ballistics, as it allows gas to leak past the projectile. It also reduces the accuracy, as the ball takes a zig-zag path along the barrel, emerging out of the muzzle at an unpredictable angle.

### Automobiles

In automotive parlance, windage refers to parasitic drag on the crankshaft due to sump oil splashing on the crank train during rough driving, as well as dissipating energy in turbulence from the crank train moving the crankcase gas and oil mist at high RPM. Windage may also inhibit the migration of oil into the sump and back to the oil pump, creating lubrication problems. Some manufacturers and aftermarket vendors have developed special scrapers to remove excess oil from the counterweights and windage screens to create a barrier between the crankshaft and oil sump.
# Dabuy-ye Jonubi Rural District

Dabuy-ye Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان دابوئ جنوبي) is in Dabudasht District of Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Raisabad.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 37,796 in 9,793 households. There were 38,352 inhabitants in 11,404 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 19,077 in 6,411 households. The most populous of its 51 villages was Rashkola, with 2,669 people.
# Hypena varialis

Hypena varialis, is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is found in India and Sri Lanka.
# Eupithecia lobbichlerata

Eupithecia lobbichlerata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Nepal.
# Chu Yafei

Chu Yafei, also known as Zhu Yafei, (born September 5, 1988 in Inner Mongolia) is a Chinese race walker. He has represented his country at the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2009 World Championships in Athletics.

## Career

While undergoing his studies, he took part in the 2007 Summer Universiade and won the 20 km walk title ahead of the more experienced Park Chil-Sung. He competed at the 20 km race walk event at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He competed at his first world championships the following year and took thirteenth place in the 20 km walk at the 2009 World Championships in Berlin. After the major championships he took to the national and continental stages: taking a bronze medal for Inner Mongolia at the 11th National Games of China behind Wang Hao and Li Jianbo, and then upgrading to the silver medal at the 2009 Asian Athletics Championships – just one second behind Li.
He had success on the racewalking circuit in 2010, taking the silver medal in the 20 km walk at the 2010 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, behind compatriot Wang Hao. He then took wins at the Na Rynek Marsz! and Gran Premio Cantones de Marcha meets in May and June.

## Achievements

* 2005 National Middle School Students Games - 1st 10000m walk;
* 2006/2007 National Champions Tournament (Junior Group) - 1st 10 km/30 km walk;
* 2006 IAAF Race Walking Challenge - 5th 20 km walk;
* 2007 National Intercity Games - 3rd 20000m walk;
* 2007 National Champions Tournament Junior Groups - 1st 30 km;
* 2007 World University Games - 1st 20 km walk

### Records

* 2007 National Champions Tournament - 39:00 10 km walk (AJR/NJR)
# Hlohovec (Břeclav District)

Hlohovec (German: Bischofswarth) is a municipality and village in Břeclav District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,300 inhabitants. Hlohovec is located within the Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## History

The first written mention of Hlohovec is from 1414, however it was probably founded already in the 13th century. The Hraniční Castle was built in 1826.
# 564th Volksgrenadier Division

The 564th Volksgrenadier Division (German: 564. Volksgrenadier-Division) was a volksgrenadier division of the German Army during the Second World War that existed from 26 August to 15 September 1944.

## History

The division was formed on 26 August 1944 at the Döllersheim area in Austria as the 564th Grenadier Division, and was renamed Volksgrenadier at the end of August. In the middle of September it was combined with the 183rd Infantry Division and was redesignated as the 183rd Volksgrenadier Division. During the existence of the 564th, it was commanded by Wolfgang Lange.

## Structure

It consisted of the following units.
* 1150th Grenadier Regiment
* 1151st Grenadier Regiment
* 1152nd Grenadier Regiment
* 1564th Artillery Regiment
* 1564th Fusilier Battalion
* 1564th Engineer Battalion
* 1564th Signal Battalion
* 1564th Tank Destroyer Battalion
* 1564th Divisional Supply Troops
# Khichi

Khichi may refer to:
* The Khichi subclan of the Chauhan Rajputs
* Aurangzeb Khan Khichi, Pakistani politician
* Haji Muhammed Aslam Khan Khichi, Pakistani politician
# Alliance Group

Alliance Group Limited, a cooperative originally named Alliance Freezing Company (Southland) Limited, operates freezing works at seven sites in New Zealand and exports grass-fed meat and by-products to Europe, North America, as well as Asia including China, India, Korea and Japan and many other countries. Alliance employs almost 5,000 people across New Zealand and operates two processing plants in the North Island and five in the South Island.

## Brands

* Pure South – the company's overarching brand for lamb, beef and venison
* Lumina Lamb – high country lamb
* Silere – alpine origin merino lamb
* Handpicked – beef and venison
* Ashley – for sheepmeat exported to Europe

## Corporate profile

The corporate identity was changed to Alliance in 2018.
David Surveyor has since January 2015 been the chief executive officer, succeeding Grant Cuff. Murray Taggart has been chairman of the board of directors since 1 October 2013.

## History

Alliance Freezing Company (Southland) Limited was founded by local farmers in Invercargill in 1948. Their first large freezing works was opened in 1980 at Lorneville on the outskirts of Invercargill.
From its base in Invercargill Alliance runs freezing works nearby in Southland at Lorneville and Mataura, further away at Pukeuri in Otago, Timaru in South Canterbury, and at Nelson. There are two freezing works in the North Island at Dannevirke and Levin. A new $15.9 million venison plant opened at Lorneville in December 2018.
Always a business belonging to farmers Alliance's ownership model was changed in 1960 to a cooperative. The farmers who supply the livestock to be killed are the company's shareholders. The name of the cooperative was changed to Alliance Group Limited in 1990.
Alliance Group bought their first North Island freezing works at Dannevirke in 2003. They added a second North Island works at Levin in 2008.
On 27 September 2024, the Alliance Group proposed closing down its Timaru Alliance Smithfield meatworks plant, which would affect about 600 jobs. The consultation period will last until 11 October, with a decision expected to be made on 18 October 2024. On 18 October, the Alliance Group confirmed that it would close down its Smithfield meat processing plant in December 2024, citing declining sheep processing numbers caused by land use changes.
# Danish Typographical Union

The Danish Typographical Union (Danish: Dansk Typograf-Forbund) was a trade union representing typographers in Denmark.
The Typographical Association was founded in 1869, focusing its attention on discussions on the development of the trade, and establishing a library for members, in Copenhagen. In 1874, it launched a magazine, the Typograf-Tidende. Frederik Klüglein argued that the union should also take up questions of pay and working conditions, but the union's leader, R. P. Jensen, was initially uninterested. In 1876, Jensen did lead a strike for improved pay but, without links to other labour movement organisations, the union was unable to sustain the action. The strike was lost, members of the union fell below 100, and Jensen resigned.
In 1880, the Jutland Typographical Association was established, soon expanding to become the Danish Typographical Association, covering all the country except Copenhagen. It jointly adopted the Copenhagen union's magazine, but in 1885, a group of members defected to the Copenhagen union, which renamed itself as the "New Typographical Association", and the two unions broke off relations.
Despite the split, the two unions gradually re-engaged, and in January 1903, they merged to form the "Danish Typographical Union". The new union joined the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions (LO). It won improved working conditions and shorter working hours, and by 1940, it had grown to 4,500 members. By 1992, it had 8,345 members.
In 1962, the union formed the Graphic Workers' Cartel with the Danish Bookbinders' and Stationers' Union, and the Danish Lithographers' Union. However, this loose federation made no progress, and in 1965, the typographers resigned from the LO and the cartel. It rejoined LO in 1971, forming a new Graphics Cartel in 1972, but again this ran into disputes, and was dissolved in 1980. Finally, in 1990, the bookbinders, lithographers, typographers and the Media Federation formed a Graphic Industry and Media Cartel. In 1993, the four unions merged, to form the new Graphics Federation.
# 287th Rifle Division

The 287th Rifle Division (Russian: 287-я стрелковая дивизия) was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II, formed twice. It was first formed in the summer of 1941 and destroyed in the Bryansk pocket in the fall of 1941. The division was reformed in late December, including elements of the first formation, and served throughout the war before being disbanded in the summer of 1945.

## History
### First Formation

The 287th began forming around 10 July 1941 at Yelets, part of the Orel Military District. Its basic order of battle included the 866th, 868th, and 870th Rifle Regiments, as well as the 851st Artillery Regiment. While still forming, the division was assigned its commander on 20 July and became part of the Bryansk Front reserves on 15 August. At the end of September, the division, possibly still trying to complete its formation, was trapped in the Bryansk pocket after the 2nd Panzer Group broke through the Soviet lines. On 3 October, the division was moved up from the reserve by rail and its eleven trains were unloaded at Brasovo station, 75 kilometers south of Bryansk. Between 3 and 5 October the division conducted unsuccessful counterattacks. The 287th was virtually destroyed by mid-October, but was not officially disbanded until 27 December.

### Second Formation

The second formation of the 287th began forming in late December at Lipetsk with the same basic organization as the first formation, and quickly became part of the Bryansk Front while still forming. Its first units were formed from the remnants of the 287th's first formation that had escaped from the Bryansk pocket. The 287th joined the 3rd Army in January, and was assigned its commander in late February. The division fought in battles on the Bryansk Front and in May 1943 was transferred to the 63rd Army, still on the same front.
In October, the army was transferred to the Belorussian Front, and on 20 December the 287th was transferred to the 13th Army. The division subsequently became part of the army's 24th Rifle Corps. By April 1944, its divisional anti-tank battalion was equipped with older model 76 mm M1936 or 76 mm M1939 (USV) guns. In July the division transferred to the army's 102nd Rifle Corps. The 287th transferred to the 38th Army's 67th Rifle Corps in November, and from December 1944 to the war's end was part of the 3rd Guards Army's 76th Rifle Corps. The division fought in the Berlin Offensive from late April 1945. On 25 April, its commander, Major General Iosif Pankratov, was killed by a large mine blast.
By the end of the war, the division's honorifics were "Novograd-Volynsky, twice Order of the Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov, and Bogdan Khmelnitsky." The division was disbanded in the summer of 1945 with the Central Group of Forces.
# Krondor: The Assassins

Krondor: The Assassins is a fantasy novel by American writer Raymond E. Feist. It is the second book in The Riftwar Legacy and was published in 1999 by HarperCollins under their Voyager imprint. It was preceded by Krondor: The Betrayal and followed by the third book in the saga, Krondor: Tear of the Gods.
The series was originally planned to be five books. However, the project was stalled by the owners, due to some differences between Raymond and Sierra Entertainment; nonetheless, the series may come to conclusion through an alternate medium.

## Plot summary

Squire James of Krondor must find the cause for many unexplained murders plaguing Krondor. While a war is waged between the Mockers and agents of the Crawler a rival criminal with ties to Kesh. As a further complication eastern nobles arrive the Crown Prince of Roldem and the Duke of Olasko and his son and daughter. William the son of the magician Pug and Katala is commissioned as a Knight-Lieutenant and soon he is escorting the Duke on a hunt which turns out to be an ambush with two attempts on the nobles’ lives one by a group of magicians controlling panthers and another during the night by nighthawks William manages to keep them alive until aid arrives. Meanwhile, James discovered something that will lead him to the main nest of the nighthawks with the help from Ethan Graves. James, William and a few soldiers disguise and approach the supposed location which used to be a Keshian outpost. They discover a back door and enter saving one of their captured scouts and causing havoc while they wait for Prince Arutha and his army. Jimmy is captured and is readied for a sacrifice in a demon summoning. He manages to upset the ritual and the demon is loosed on the nighthawks instead of the prince’s army. William and his squad force the demon to confront Arutha who in turn kills him with his magic imbued sword. The search of the nest results in some dark books, a sealed chest and documents. Arutha then orders a forced march to port Vikor and there he is met by Admiral Trask who takes them swiftly to Krondor. There they open the chest which turns out to be a magical assassin intended for Prince Vladik. The creature is defeated with help from a priest of Prandur but a lot of damage is caused to that wing of the palace. Further inspection and translation of the captured documents reveals that the Duke of Olasko is behind the attempted murder and Arutha sends the eastern nobles back to Roldem under escort. The Mockers are back in power as the Crawler's agents are defeated, Jimmy meets the unconfirmed Upright Man of the Mockers. It is further revealed that Sidi is behind the chaos.
# Jürgen Schläder

Jürgen Schläder (born 1948 in Hagen) is a German theatre director and musicologist, who was from May 1987 to March 2014 Professor of Theatre Studies with a focus on stage music at the LMU München.
He studied German literature and musicology at the Ruhr-University Bochum and achieved his doctorate in musicology in 1978 with the dissertation Undine in stage music. In 1986 he habilitated on the subject of Das Opernduett. A 19th century scene type and its prehistory. His current research focuses are: Aesthetic foundations and analysis of contemporary directorial theatre, experimental forms of modern music for theatre and the history of the Bavarian State Opera in the 20th century.
# Dong Feng (weightlifter)

Dong Feng (Chinese: 东峰, born 12 May 1980) is a Chinese weightlifter. He won the bronze medal at the 2006 World Weightlifting Championships in the +105 kg category.

## Major results

| Year | Venue | Weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total | Rank |
| World Championships |||||||||||||
| 2006 | Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | +105 kg | 185 | 192 | 198 | 4 | 235 | 245 | 251 | | 437 | |
# Khaki Safed District

Khaki Safed (Persian: خاک سفید, "white dust") is a district in Farah province, Afghanistan. Its population, which is mostly Pashtun and Tajiks, was estimated at 43,000 in October 2004. The main village, Khaki Safed (also called Alagadari), is situated at 676 m altitude in the central part of the district.

## Security and Politics

It was reported on 17 November 2009 that armed Taliban fighters kidnapped 5 civilians. 2 were beheaded and accused of spying while the other 3 were released. According to the Provincial police chief Faqir Mohammad Askar, the victims were innocent government employees.
# Kodaikal

Kodikal is a locality in Mangalore city, Karnataka, India. Its pin-code is
# Gamma Island (Greenland)

Gamma Island (Danish: Gamma Ø) also known as Bjornesk Island is a large uninhabited island of the Greenland Sea, Greenland. The island has an area of 236 km$^2$ and an elevation of 293 meters. It lies south of Jokel Bay and southwest of the Danske Islands and is separated from the mainland by the Orleans Sound, on the other side of which lies Nordmarken.

## History

Gamma Island was named by the Mørkefjord expedition 1938–39 after the name of ship "Gamma" used by the expedition.
* Map of Northeastern Greenland.