OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Júlio Rusch

Júlio Cezar Rusch (born 22 June 1997), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Amazonas.

## Career

Rusch started his career in the Coritiba youth system. He played for the under-17 and under-19 teams. His professional debut came on 11 December 2016 against Ponte Preta. In 2017, he made it to the Brasileirão Sub-20 final.

## Honours

Coritiba
* Campeonato Paranaense: 2017
Figueirense
* Recopa Catarinense: 2019
Amazonas
* Campeonato Amazonense: 2023
# Júlio Santos

Júlio César dos Santos, or simply Júlio Santos (born December 12, 1981, in Osasco), is a Brazilian central defender. He currently plays for Novo Hamburgo.
He signed for Tours FC on June 20, 2008. in in for TP Mazembe, after signing in January 2012.

## Honours

* 2000 - Campeonato Paulista (São Paulo)
* 2001 - Torneio Rio – São Paulo (São Paulo)
* 2002 - Supercampeonato Paulista (São Paulo)
* 2006 - Campeonato Goiano (Goiás)
* 2017 - Campeonato Gaúcho (Novo Hamburgo)
# Júnior (footballer, born 1986)

Antonio Augusto Ferreira Pinto Júnior or simply Júnior (born February 28, 1986), is a Brazilian defensive midfielder. He has played for Bonsucesso, and on June 11, 2008, he was announced to sign a contract with FC Arsenal Kyiv, which plays in the Ukrainian Premier League. However, he never paid for Arsenal and moved to Grêmio Recreativo Barueri in the same year.
On 16 July 2013 he moved to Al-Faisaly who played in Jordan Premier League.
# Wang Shiwei (speed skater)

Wang Shiwei (born 11 August 1996) is a Chinese speed skater.
He won a medal at the 2020 World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships.
# HMS H44

HMS H44 was an H-class submarine of the Royal Navy. She was built by Armstrong Whitworth and launched on 17 February 1919. She served in the Second World War. She had a complement of twenty-two crew members. She was sold in 1944 and was broken up at Troon in February 1945.

## Design

Like all post-H20 British H-class submarines, H44 had a displacement of 423 long tons (430 t) at the surface and 510 long tons (520 t) while submerged. It had a total length of 171 feet (52 m), a beam of 15 feet 4 inches (4.67 m), and a draught of 12 metres (39 ft). It contained a diesel engines providing a total power of 480 horsepower (360 kW) and two electric motors each providing 320 horsepower (240 kW) power. The use of its electric motors made the submarine travel at 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph). It would normally carry 16.4 long tons (16.7 t) of fuel and had a maximum capacity of 18 long tons (18 t).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph) and a submerged speed of 10.5 knots (19.4 km/h; 12.1 mph). Post-H20 British H-class submarines had ranges of 2,985 nautical miles (5,528 km; 3,435 mi) at speeds of 7.5 knots (13.9 km/h; 8.6 mph) when surfaced. H44 was fitted with an anti-aircraft gun and four 21 inches (530 mm) torpedo tubes. Its torpedo tubes were fitted to the bows and the submarine was loaded with eight 21 inches (530 mm) torpedoes. It is a Holland 602 type submarine but was designed to meet Royal Navy specifications. Its complement was twenty-two crew members.
# Women's Higher Courses (Kyiv)

The Women's Higher Courses (Ukrainian: Киевские высшие женские курсы, romanized: Kijevskije vyssjevskije kursy), or KVZjK, in Kyiv was the first women's higher education institution in Tsarist Ukraine, active in (1878–1889) and (1906–1917).
The institute opened its doors in 1878. It was the first university open to women in Ukraine. A women's movement fighting for women's access to higher education emerged in Ukraine in the 19th century, similar to that of Russia. The Tsarist government founded the institution in order the stop women from studying abroad, where they could come in contact with political opposition. The university did offer higher education, but similar to the Russian equivalent, did not offer an exam similar to the exam offered to men. Equivalent institutions of this kind were founded in Russia, as well as in Odessa in 1879, Charkov in 1880, and Jekaterinoslav in 1916.
# Barrow Meadow

Barrow Meadow is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in north Northumberland, England. The site is a species-rich hay meadow of a sort now rare in Northumberland.

## Location and natural features

Barrow Meadow is a field 4.9 hectares (12 acres) in area in the north-east of England in the county of Northumberland, some 0.4 miles (0.64 km) west-south-west of the village of Alwinton. The meadow is situated on flat land between the River Coquet and a southern tributary, the Barrow Burn, at their confluence some 150 metres (490 ft) above sea level. The surrounding terrain is hilly moorland.
The meadow is judged to be species-rich in comparison with fields managed using contemporary farming methods involving the use of artificial fertilisers and reseeding. Aules Hill Meadows in the south-west and Barrow Burn Meadows in the north of the county are similarly protected hay meadows.

## Vegetation

Barrow Meadow is a northern hay meadow characterised by the presence of a rich diversity of grasses, and an abundance of herbs. Grass species found at the site include sweet vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), crested dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus), red fescue (Festuca rubra) and quaking grass (Briza media). Forbs include pignut (Conopodium majus), eyebright (Euphrasia agg.), meadow vetchling (Lathyrus pratensis), common knapweed (Centaurea nigra) and several species of lady's mantle (Alchemilla glabra), (A. xanthochlora) and (A. filicaulis).
Other species found at the site include wood crane's-bill (Geranium sylvaticum), meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria), changing forget-me-not (Myosotis discolor), fairy flax (Linum catharticum), field wood-rush (Luzula campestris), betony (Stachys officinalis) and northern marsh-orchid (Dactylorhiza purpurella), as well as legumes, including meadow vetchling, bitter vetch (Lathyrus montanus), lesser trefoil (Trifolium dubium), red clover (T. pratense), white clover (T. repens), common and greater bird's-foot trefoils (Lotus corniculatus) and (L. uliginosus).
The condition of Barrow Meadow was judged to be favourable in 2012.

## Land ownership

Part of the land area designated as Barrow Meadow SSSI is owned by the Ministry of Defence
# Bonghwa station

Bonghwa station (Korean: 봉화역) is a railway station on the Yeongdong Line. It is located at Bonghwa, North Gyeongsang
# Tummy Touch Records

Tummy Touch Records is a record label with offices in London, UK and New York City, USA best known for releasing quirky dance and downtempo music. Artists on Tummy Touch include Groove Armada, Patrick & Eugene, Niyi, Tutto Matto, Tom Vek, and label founder Tim Lee.

## Tummy Touch Music Group

Tummy Touch Records is a part of the Tummy Touch Music Group (TTMG). TTMG does production, publishing, licensing, and manages a stock music library in association with KPM Musichouse for commercial uses called Tummy Touch Moods.
TTMG oversees the publishing rights to the Katrina and the Waves music catalog which includes the hit "Walking on Sunshine".
Tummy Touch Music Group also works with RAK Records publishing division to put out new and re-released material from the RAK catalog.

## History

Tummy Touch was founded 1996 in the UK by Tim Lee aka Tim 'Love' Lee. Their first release was "The Nightlife EP" – by Stop / E.D.O. (MBTT 001). Groove Armada had their first 12" vinyl release on Tummy Touch in 1997 with "Captain Sensual" (MBTT 003) and "At the River" (TUCH011), which hit 19 on the UK singles chart. Groove Armada's first album Northern Star (TUCH 103) also came out on Tummy Touch on 9 March 1998. The label uses Bandcamp extensively to distribute mainly sampler anthologies of its artists.
# Chew toy

A chew toy is an object designed to be chewed on by animals for stimulation and relief from boredom or discomfort. Chew toys can help relieve pain associated with teething, which is especially true for younger animals, such as puppies. There are several types of chew toys made from different materials, including rawhide, wood, paper, and mineral. Chew toys are commonly associated with dogs, but have also been effective with birds, rodents, and rabbits. Some parents give human infants a similar toy called a teether to help soothe inflamed gums during teething.

## Uses
### Anxiety relief

Chew toys have been used to relieve anxiety in animals. Some laws surrounding pig production within the European Union include chew toys under the umbrella of "manipulation materials" that are required by law to be provided to pigs to facilitate necessary "proper investigation and manipulation activities".

### Gum health

Chew toys are also used to maintain animals' gums. Some domestic animals, such as rabbits and hamsters, specifically require chew toys, in order to maintain their oral health, since their teeth grow continuously throughout their life and must be whittled down by extensive chewing in order to maintain them at a functional length.

## Types
### Rawhide

Rawhide chew toys are among the most popular chew toys for dogs. Since rawhides are made of hard and durable material, these toys can sometimes withstand weeks of wear. Examples of rawhide chew toys are twists and rawhide bones.
Groups such as the American Kennel Club contested rawhide's safety, stating that large chunks of rawhide can cause intestinal blockages when ingested. Chew toys made of leather are not recommended for dogs as they cannot be properly digested in the stomach, and risk causing intestinal obstruction.

### Wooden

Wooden chew toys are made of soft, non-poisonous wood, and are often coated in bright, vegetable-based dyes or paints. They are generally used by rabbits and small rodents.

### Paper

Paper chew toys are made of non-bleached, non-toxic paper. They are often inexpensive or able to be crafted at home. One common type of paper chew toy is an empty toilet paper roll.

### Mineral

Mineral chew toys are made of flavored animal-safe minerals. These range from flavored fruit-shaped blocks, for birds to ice cream cone-shaped treats for rabbits. They also come shaped like bowls with minerals inside. A common mineral chew toy is the cuttlebone, a toy for birds that aids in trimming their nails and beaks.

### Rubber

There also exists a variety of rubber chew toys for dogs. Some are hollowed, so that one can place treats inside them. These chew toys sometimes contain materials that are unsafe for dogs to ingest, such as polyvinyl chloride.
# Totokafonua

Totokafonua is an uninhabited island in Tonga. It is located in the southern part of the Vava'u Group in the north of the country. Along with other uninhabited islands in southern Vava'u it has high biodiversity and is an important nesting site for the Green sea turtle and Hawksbill sea turtle.
# Vėra Šleivytė

Veronika "Vėra" Šleivytė (1906–1998) was a Lithuanian photographer, painter, and graphic artist.

## Life

Veronika Šleivytė was born on 6 December 1906 in the village of Antašava, then of the Russian Empire, and now of the district of Kupiškis, in Lithuania, into a family of a total of 14 children to parents who were landless farmers. According to her siblings, their father did not want Vėra to continue her education past elementary school so that she works in the fields along with the other children, but her mother and sister Ona helped her to continue her formal education. After graduating, she enrolled at the Kaunas Art School and got a job working as a draughtswoman at the Ministry of Agriculture.
Šleivytė was openly a lesbian in her life and in her letters she declared her love openly, but her paintings and photographs spoke only in code. She often drew flowers and photographed herself with flowers, in a manner reminiscent of the 1970s' work by Robert Mapplethorpe, another "gay icon."
In 2022, a three-month, extensive retrospective of her work was exhibited at the National Museum of Art, with many originals and prints of yet unseen negatives been staged for the first time.

## Social activism

Šleivytė was active in the struggle of female emancipation in then-heavily patriarchal Lithuania and particularly strove for women artists' opportunities to exhibit their work. She helped stage the first amateur photography exhibition in 1933 and was one of the founders of the Women Artists’ Society, of which she was elected as its first president.

## Selected personal exhibitions

* 1970, exhibition pavilion in Vilnius
* 1971, Kaunas branch of the Union of Artists
* 1974, Museum of Atheism, Vilnius
* 1977, MK Čiurlionis Art Museum, Kaunas
* 1984, Museum of Local History, Kupiški
* 1986, gallery in Kaunas
* 1987, Birštonas history museum
* 1992, Kaunas State Philharmonic

## Legacy

Curators Milda Dainovskytė and Agnė Narušytė consider Šleivytė's photography to be of interest today both for its artistic heritage and as documenting her life roles as "a daughter, a sister, an artist, the public woman, the educator, and a lover," stating that her images of erotic relationships with women form a particularly important part of the LGBTQ+ community's history.
In 1985, the Vėra Šleivytė Gallery was established in Antašava, housed inside two residencies and six granaries. The Gallery contains some 270 paintings, graphic works, and photographs donated by the artist.
Since 2000, the Kupiškis Museum of Ethnography organizes a yearly competition of photography among schoolchildren, with the award named after Vėra Šleivytė, with funds allocated through the artist's will for "the development of young talents." For art historian Agnė Narušytė, Šleivytė was the first Lithuanian to photograph lesbian love, turning her life into a "constant performance in front of the camera." In "the sea of Šleivytė’s photography," she wrote, "there is a huge variety of objects and situations that attract her lens and her eye," with the artist being "everywhere, the creator of her own life, a participant in modern life."
# Wohlde

Wohlde (Danish: Volde) is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
# St Callixtus College, La Paz

St Callixtus College (Spanish: Colegio San Calixto), is a private Catholic primary and secondary school, located in La Paz, Bolivia. The school was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1882, at the instigation of Monsignor Calixto Clavijo, and in his honour named for the third century martyr Pope Callixtus I.
The school began in the residence of Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz, now a national monument. The Jesuits began teaching with around 40 students. Over the years other works became associated with the Jesuit college including San Calixto Observatory.
Also, the school's Radio Fides was a pioneer in the business, beginning broadcasting in 1939.
# Ariel 5

Ariel 5 (or UK 5) was a joint British and American space telescope dedicated to observing the sky in the X-ray band. It was launched on 15 October 1974 from the San Marco platform in the Indian Ocean and operated until 1980. It was the penultimate satellite to be launched as part of the Ariel programme.

## Background

Ariel 5 was the fifth and penultimate satellite of the joint British and American Ariel programme. It was the third satellite in the series built entirely in the UK. It was named UK 5 before launch and renamed to Ariel 5 after the successful launch.
Plans for Ariel 5 were first discussed between the UK and US in May 1967 at the Ariel 3 launch. The Science Research Council (SRC) advertised a request for proposal for experiments in June. Experiments were formally proposed to NASA in July 1968.

## Satellite design
### Development

Marconi Space and Defence Systems (MSDS) in Portsmouth was selected as the prime contractor in 1969. SRC had them select MSDS Frimley for the attitude control system (ACS) and MSDS Stanmore for the core stores.
A study was performed to see if the Scout rocket's heat shield could be enlarged to accommodate larger experiments for this mission. A larger heat shield was designed which allowed for a US experiment and five British experiments.

### Operation

Ariel 5 was spin-stabilized. The satellite improved on the attitude control of Ariel 4. It used liquid propane that was expanded through a reducing valve and heated with the bulk tank temperature.
Power was derived from solar cells that were mounted to 7/8 of the circumference of the spacecraft. It was stored in a 3.0 Ah Ni-Cd battery.

### Sensors

The all-sky monitor (ASM) was two one-dimensional pinhole cameras scanned most of the sky every spacecraft revolution. The angular resolution was 10° × 10°, with an effective area of 3 cm$^2$ (0.465 sq in), and a bandpass of 3–6 keV. The ASM was designed to fit a resource budget of 2 kg (4.4 lb), 1 bit per second, and 1 W.
The sky survey instrument (SSI) had an angular resolution of 0.75 × 10.6°, with an effective area of 290 cm$^2$ (45 sq in), and a bandpass of 2–20 keV.

## Mission
### Launch

Launch operations took six weeks, starting from the time the Guppy took off from Thorney Island. The satellite was launched on 15 October 1974 from the San Marco platform in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Kenya.

### Operations

The satellite was controlled via a mission control centre in Appleton Lab. It spun at over 10 revolutions/minute. Ariel 5 operated until 1980.

## Results

Over 100 scientific papers were published within four years of the launch.
* Spaceflight portal
# Gustaf Birch-Lindgren

Gustaf Birch-Lindgren (1 October 1892 – 6 September 1969) was a Swedish architect. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
# Yuan (surname 元)

Yuán is the 91st name on the Hundred Family Surnames poem. The ruling family of Northern Wei changed their surname from Tuoba (拓拔) to Yuan during the Change of Xianbei names to Han names. According to a 2013 study, it was the 384th-most common surname, shared by 92,000 people or 0.0069% of the population, with the province with the most being Henan.

## Notable people

* Yuan Zai (元載) (713–777), courtesy name Gongfu (公輔), formally Duke Huang of Yingchuan (潁川荒公) and then Duke Chengzong of Yingchuan (潁川成縱公), Duke Zhong of Yingchuan (潁川忠公), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty
* Yuan Haowen (Chinese: 元好問; pinyin: Yuán Hàowèn; Wade–Giles: Yüan Hao-wên) also known as Yuan Yishan (遺山/遗山) or “Yuan of Yi Mountain” (1190–1257) was a poet from Xinzhou, in what is now Shanxi province
# Kaqusha Jashari

Kaqusha Jashari (née Fejzullahu; born 16 August 1946) is a Kosovo Albanian politician and engineer by profession. She has been a member of the Assembly of Kosovo on the Democratic Party of Kosovo list since 2007.
From 1986 until November 1988, she and Azem Vllasi were the two leading Kosovo politicians. In November 1988, they were both dismissed in the "anti-bureaucratic revolution" because of their unwillingness to accept the constitutional amendments curbing Kosovo's autonomy, and were replaced by proxies of Slobodan Milošević, the leader of the League of Communists of Serbia at the time.

## Early life

Kaqusha Jashari was born in Skenderaj, the daughter of Halil Fejzullahu. The family had an apartment in Bulevar kralja Aleksandra, Belgrade, which Jashari lived in after her father's death, although Radmila Vuličević from Pristina claims to be the legal owner. She is the sister of former handball manager and player Petrit Fejzula.

## Politics

In May 1988 Jashari replaced Azem Vllasi as the President of the Provincial Committee of the League of Communists of Kosovo. It seems that Serbia "accepted" her as it was said at the time it that her mother was Montenegrin.
From 17 to 21 October there were Albanian protests throughout Kosovo against the changing of status of the SAP Kosovo. On 17 November 1988, Jashari and Vllasi were forced to resign and Rahman Morina was elected President of the Provincial Committee on 27 January 1989 by the Presidium of the Provincial Committee. This sparked new protests by Albanian youths and workers. They were both dismissed because of their unwillingness to accept the constitutional amendments curbing Kosovo's autonomy, and were replaced by proxies of Slobodan Milošević, the leader of the League of Communists of Serbia at the time.
On 20 October 1990 Marko Orlandić and Jashari guested the gathering of Serbs and Montenegrins in Kosovo Polje, which was not met with positive reactions.
She was the president of the Social Democratic Party of Kosovo (PSDK) from 1991 until 2008, when she was succeeded by the former prime minister and Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) guerilla leader Agim Çeku.
# Alibi

An alibi (/ˈæləbaɪ/, from the Latin, alibī, meaning "somewhere else") is a statement by a person under suspicion in a crime that they were in a different place when the offence was committed. During a police investigation, all suspects are usually asked to provide details of their whereabouts during the relevant time period, which, where possible, would usually be confirmed by other persons or in other ways (such as by checking phone records, or credit card receipts, use of CCTV, etc.).
During a criminal trial, an alibi is a defence raised by the accused as proof that they could not have committed the crime because they were in some other place at the time the alleged offence was committed. The Criminal Law Deskbook of Criminal Procedure states: "Alibi is different from all of the other defences; it is based upon the premise that the defendant is truly innocent."

## Duty to disclose

In some legal jurisdictions there may be a requirement that the accused disclose an alibi defence prior to the trial. This is to enable the investigators to verify whether or not such a claim is true. This is an exception to the rule that a criminal defendant cannot normally be compelled to furnish information to the prosecution. Since the alibi involves evidence of innocence rather than guilt, the privilege against self-incrimination is not implicated.
In Canada, the defence must disclose an alibi defence with sufficient time for the authorities to investigate the alibi, and with sufficient particularization to allow for a meaningful investigation. Failure to comply with the two requirements will result in the court making an adverse inference against the alibi defence (but will not result in the exclusion of the alibi defence).
Conversely, some judges in other jurisdictions have held the opinion that the mandatory early disclosure of alibis is unfair, possibly even unconstitutional.

## False alibi

The giving of a false alibi, beside resulting in possible subsequent criminal offences (obstruction of justice, perjury, etc.), may, in some jurisdictions, result in negative ramifications for the trial itself, as it may be considered evidence of consciousness of guilt.
In Canada, the giving of a false alibi may be used by the court as actual evidence of guilt, provided certain requirements are met. Specifically:
* The alibi must not be believed;
* There is evidence of an intention to fabricate the alibi that is independent from the evidence used to show the alibi is false; and
* The court must reject all innocent explanations offered that would explain why a false alibi was fabricated.

## Alibi agency

An alibi agency, also called an alibi network, forges explanations for unexcused absences, e.g. due to an extramarital affair or adultery. In other words, alibi agencies are paid to lie for their customers. Originating in 1990s Japan, such services appeared in Europe in 2004, where they were condemned as immoral by the Catholic Church in Germany. They are the subject of the 2006 movie The Alibi.
# Chunui station

Chunui station (Korean: 춘의역) is a station on Seoul Subway Line 7.

## Station layout

* Bucheon Stadium ↑
* S/B N/B |
* ↓ Sinjung-dong
| Southbound | ← ● Line 7 toward Seongnam |
| Northbound | → ● Line 7 toward Jangam → |
| Preceding station | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Following station |
| Bucheon Stadiumtowards Jangam | | Line 7 | | Sinjung-dongtowards Seongnam |
vteSeoul Metropolitan Subway :
* This Seoul Metropolitan Subway station article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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