OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ekspress-AM1

Ekspress-AM1 (Russian: Экспресс-АМ1, meaning Express-AM1) is a Russian domestic communications satellite. It belongs to the Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC) based in Moscow, Russia. To provide of communications services (digital television, telephony, videoconferencing, data transmission, the Internet access) and to deploy satellite networks by applying VSAT technology to Russia and its neighbors (CIS).

## Satellite description

The satellite has a total of 28 transponders, was 9 C-band, 18 Ku-band and 1 L-band transponders. The Ekspress-AM1 Russian domestic communications satellite, built by Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev (NPO PM)) for Kosmicheskaya Svyaz. The communications payload was built by the Japanese companies NEC and Toshiba.

## Launch

Ekspress-AM1 was launched by Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, using a Proton-K / DM-2M launch vehicle. The launch took place at 22:11:00 UTC on 29 October 2004, from Site 200/39 at Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. Successfully deployed into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO), Ekspress-AM1 raised itself into an operational geostationary orbit using its apogee motor.

## Mission

Ekspress-AM1 failed in May 2010 following a shutdown of its attitude-control system. It was recovered, but inclination increased afterwards. On 10 August 2013, the satellite was finally decommissioned and afterwards sent to a graveyard orbit.
# Chel Mohammad-e Baqeri Pereshkaft

Chel Mohammad-e Baqeri Pereshkaft (Persian: چل محمدباقری پراشکفت, also Romanized as Chel Moḩammad-e Bāqerī Pereshkaft; also known as Cham-e Moḩammad Bāgherī and Chel Moḩammad-e Bāqerī) is a village in Dasht-e Rum Rural District, in the Central District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 48, in 11 families.
# Shahrak-e Bardbaran

Shahrak-e Bardbaran (Persian: شهرك بردبران, also Romanized as Shahrak-e Bardbarān) is a village in Margha Rural District, in the Central District of Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 260, in 40 families.
# Vedat Kapurtu

Vedat Kapurtu (born 30 June 1978) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Tokatspor.

## Professional career

A youth product of his local side Bakırköyspor, Kapurtu made his professional debut with Sivasspor in a 2-0 Süper Lig loss to Galatasaray on 11 September 2005. Kapurtu spent the later part of his career with Göztepe and Yeni Malatyaspor in the TFF First League.
# Chenar Khoshkeh

Chenar Khoshkeh (Persian: چنارخشكه, also Romanized as Chenār Khoshkeh) is a village in Kakasharaf Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 184, in 41 families.
# Of Lost Love

Of Lost Love (Italian: Del perduto amore) is a 1998 Italian drama film directed by Michele Placido. For her performance Giovanna Mezzogiorno won the Pasinetti Award at the 55th Venice International Film Festival and the 1999 Nastro d'Argento for Best Actress, while her co-star Fabrizio Bentivoglio was awarded David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actor. The Mezzogiorno's character is inspired by teacher Liliana Rossi.

## Plot

In the 1950s a young teacher, close to the ideals of the left, tries to help the most vulnerable people through teaching.

## Cast

* Giovanna Mezzogiorno: Liliana
* Fabrizio Bentivoglio: Antonio
* Rocco Papaleo: Cucchiaro
* Michele Placido: Don Gerardo
* Enrico Lo Verso: Dr. Satriano
* Pietro Pischedda: Gerardo
* Sergio Rubini: Italo
# Gemona del Friuli

Gemona del Friuli (Friulian: Glemone; Slovene: Humin; German: Klemaun; Latin: Glemona) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Udine.
The municipality of Gemona del Friuli contains the frazioni (boroughs) Campagnola, Campolessi, Maniaglia, Ospedaletto, Godo, Centro Storico, Stalis, Taviele and Taboga.
Gemona del Friuli borders the following municipalities: Artegna, Bordano, Buja, Lusevera, Montenars, Osoppo, Trasaghis and Venzone.

## History

Evidence of human occupation in Gemona goes back to prehistoric times. The town occupies a key point on the road from Italy to Austria, and there are traces of Celtic occupation around the year 500 BCE.
The area was subject to various invasions in the period 166–750, including Huns, Marcomanni, Ostrogoths, Visigoths and Lombards, who had it as a stronghold from about 558. Lombard historian Paul the Deacon mentions it in 611 as an "impregnable castle". From the fall of the Lombard Kingdom of Italy until 952 Gemona was under Carolingian rulers. During this period the castle was built, the modern town growing around it.
From 776, Gemona became an important part of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. In the 12th century Gemona was an autonomous commune: in 1184 the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa granted a charter for the town's market. In the 13th and 14th centuries it returned to the Patriarchate, until, in 1420, that state was absorbed by the Republic of Venice.
In 1797 French troops under Napoleon defeated the Venetian Republic: in 1798, after the Treaty of Campo Formio, Gemona came under Austrian rule. Following a plebiscite in 1866, Gemona became part of the newly unified Kingdom of Italy.
The present town is medieval in origin but was badly damaged in the 1976 Friuli earthquake. Restoration began the same year, and now the town has been largely restored. The castle is currently under reconstruction.

## Main sights

Gemona's main attraction is the medieval cathedral (Duomo), dating to the 14th century, with its massive campanile (freestanding bell tower) of the same period. The collections of its Museo Civico include a Madonna and Child by Cima da Conegliano.
* Hulk of the Chiesa della Beata Vergine delle Grazie, as a result of the 1976 earthquake
* Christ Before Caiaphas, fresco in Ognissanti church, Ospedaletto.

## Transport

* Gemona del Friuli railway station

## Twin towns

Gemona del Friuli is twinned with:
* Velden am Wörther See, Austria
* Laakirchen, Austria
* Foligno, Italy, since 2001

## Notable people

* Alessandro Cicutti (born 1987), footballer
# Sar Hawza District

Sari-roza or Sar Hawza (Pashto: سر هوزه, Persian: ولسوالی سرروضه) is a district of Paktika Province, Afghanistan.
Sar Hawza is one of the main districts of Paktika with over three thousand houses. The population is 36,236. People of Sar Hawza mostly work in business. Several Sar Hawzewal (residents of Sar Hawza) have businesses in Karachi, Saudi Arabia, Dubai, UK, USA and other European countries.
The district was the location of an operating point (OP) for the U.S. military in support of patrols and other operations throughout the Paktika province. In 2009, Sar Hawza was center of a firefight between U.S. and Taliban forces, resulting in a Taliban commander being captured.
They have committees in Karachi, Pakistan, Saudi, Dubai, UK and in the USA. The Saudi committee serves the people of Sar Hawza by providing shelter and guidance during the Hajj.
The district is within the heartland of the Kharoti tribe of Ghilji Pashtuns.
# Amber Preston

Amber Preston is a stand-up comedian originally from North Dakota and Minnesota and now living in Los Angeles.
In 2011, comic Marc Maron named her one of his five top comedians to watch, calling her a "brassy gal ... who could play a one-nighter at a bowling alley or a 1,000-seat theater and just nail it." In 2018, entertainment website Thrillist named her one of the best undiscovered comedians in America.
Her debut album, Sparkly Parts, was released April 17, 2020, on Stand Up! Records, debuting at No. 1 on both the Amazon and iTunes comedy charts.

## Early life

Preston grew up in Fargo, North Dakota and graduated from West Fargo High School in 1996. She is related to television accordionist and bandleader Lawrence Welk, a topic she has joked about in her standup. She moved to Minneapolis in the late 1990s, where she earned a theater degree from the University of Minnesota. In 2014, she moved to Los Angeles to concentrate on her standup and acting career.

## Career

Preston began performing standup shortly after college. Her comedy is often autobiographical, and includes topics such as her Upper Midwest accent and Fargo upbringing. A lifelong fan of pop group New Kids on the Block, Preston will sometimes read aloud onstage from a series of novels published in the early 1990s in which the group has adventures in the mode of the Hardy Boys.
She was the 2011 winner of the Best of the Midwest competition at Gilda's Laughfest in Grand Rapids, Michigan. She was a finalist in the 2012 Great American Comedy Festival competition held in Norfolk, Nebraska, hometown of Johnny Carson. In 2011, she was named one of the top 100 creative people in Minneapolis by City Pages.
Preston and comic Andy Erikson (a fellow Minnesota transplant) co-host a weekly comedy showcase, Punchline Punchout, at the Hollywood Improv in Los Angeles; similar to a game show in format, the showcase gives comics 10 minutes to come up with punchlines on a given topic.

## Discography

* Sparkly Parts (Stand Up! Records, 2020)
Because of the coronavirus quarantine, Preston livestreamed a comedy set from her home in lieu of a traditional record-release show for Sparkly Parts.
Reviewer Richard Lanoie, writing on The Serious Comedy Site, called Sparkly Parts "a hoot to listen to" with "no weak moments."

## Filmography

Preston starred in the 2019 short film The Poacher, which screened at the 2020 Los Angeles Short Film Festival, Culver City Film Festival, and Yucca Valley Film Festival.
# Pontus Gårdinger

Pontus Joakim Gårdinger (born 20 July 1964) is a Swedish television presenter, producer and actor who has, among other things, hosted Melodifestivalen 1996. He also hosted the short lived reality show Miljonärerna on Kanal 5. He has also produced the Swedish TV show Grattis världen.
Gårdinger won the Poker Million competition 2007, where the first prize was SEK 1 million.
2014–2015 he was the host of the Swedish version of Jeopardy!
At the 2023 Ria Awards, Gårdinger was named Producer of the Year for his work as the producer of the reality show The Journey.
His son is actor Malte Gårdinger.

## Selected filmography

* 2002 – The Dog Trick
* 2001 – Pusselbitar (TV-series)
* 2000 – Naken
* 1995 – NileCity 105,6 (TV-series)
# 2nd Lancers Regiment (Portugal)

The 2nd Lancers Regiment (Portuguese: Regimento de Lanceiros N.º 2, RL2) is a unit of the Portuguese Army responsible for the instruction, organization and maintenance of the Army Police (Polícia do Exército) operational units.

## History

The origins of the 2nd Lancers Regiment date back to the creation of the Queen's Lancers Regiment in 1833, by the constitutional army during the Liberal Wars. The idea for the creation of the regiment came from the observation of the success that resulted from the lancers during the Napoleonic Wars. Since its creation the regiment became an elite unit, responsible for the escort of the royal family, being mostly composed of aristocratic officers.
Two lancer regiments were created by the 1834 army re-organization, the second unit of which was broken down as follows::
    1834 - 2nd Cavalry Regiment
    1844 - 2nd Cavalry Regiment of the Queen's Lancers
    1884 - 2nd Cavalry Regiment
    1888 - 2nd Cavalry Regiment of Prince Charles
    1890 - 2nd Cavalry Regiment of the King's Lancers
    1911 - 2nd Cavalry Regiment
    1948 - 2nd Lancers Regiment
    1975 - Military Police Regiment
    1976 - Lisbon Lancers Regiment
    1993 - 2nd Lancers Regiment
The regiment continued employing the lance as a combat weapon until World War II, after which it was restricted to ceremonial use. At the beginning of the war, the unit was equipped with armored cars and light tanks. In 1953 with the creation of the Military Police, the regiment assumed the function of organizing, training and maintaining the forces of this specialized force. The unit was renamed the Army Police in 1976. Its motto is "Death or Glory" as its first commander was Lt. Col. Sir Anthony Bacon, an English officer that served in the 17th Lancers, adopting its motto. The Portuguese lancers were given the mission (and created for the purpose) to defend the Queen Maria II. The Regiment was involved in the Lisbon regicide in 1908 at various levels, the king's murderer, Manuel Buiça, served in the regiment as sergeant, the lieutenant that killed Buiça was serving in the Regiment (the Regiment still forms bodyguards), and Prince Dom Luís who became commander of the regiment (the royal family spent much time with the regiment, the officers were often invited to private events and referred to by their first names). The prince had a room in the regiment, where now is a library.
The Regiment is nowadays responsible for Crowd and Riot Control (CRC), Bodyguard (personal bodyguards for the Army Chief of Staff), Traffic control of military vehicles and Control of individual movements (correct use of uniform, etc.), and K-9 unit for drug search and CRC (using Labrador Retrievers and Malinois and Rottweillers)

## Equipment
### Infantry equipment

* Glock 17 Gen 5;
* Benelli Supernova
* Heckler & Koch MP5K
* FN SCAR L STD
* FN Minimi Mk3
* FN40GL Grenade launcher

### Vehicles

* Yamaha TDM 900
* Mitsubishi L200
* Land Rover Defender 110
* Toyota Land Cruiser
* Citroën Berlingo
* Mercedes-Benz Vito
* Unimog 1750L
* DAF YA 4440 D
* Mercedes-Benz Atego 4X2
# Narbéfontaine

Narbéfontaine (French pronunciation:; German: Memersbronn; Lorraine Franconian Memerschbronn) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

## List of mayors

* Jean Muller (1988 - March 2001)
* Marie-Paule Dolle (March 2001 - March 2008)
* Christiane Muller (March 2008 - )
# Central District (Urmia County)

The Central District of Urmia County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان ارومیه) is in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Urmia.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 702,376 in 184,576 households. The following census in 2011 counted 806,861 people in 235,689 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 879,709 inhabitants in 264,760 households.

### Administrative divisions

Central District (Urmia County) Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Bakeshluchay RD | 22,672 | 28,864 | 34,683 |
| Baranduz RD | 11,502 | 11,088 | 12,008 |
| Baranduzchay-ye Jonubi RD | 10,068 | 9,416 | 11,408 |
| Baranduzchay-ye Shomali RD | 7,466 | 7,529 | 8,486 |
| Bash Qaleh RD | 9,862 | 9,994 | 10,043 |
| Dul RD | 8,524 | 7,530 | 7,487 |
| Nazlu-ye Jonubi RD | 8,350 | 7,538 | 7,510 |
| Rowzeh Chay RD | 36,556 | 47,510 | 41,843 |
| Torkaman RD | 10,069 | 9,893 | 10,017 |
| Urmia (city) | 577,307 | 667,499 | 736,224 |
| Total | 702,376 | 806,861 | 879,709 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Mechelen-Nekkerspoel railway station

Mechelen-Nekkerspoel railway station (Dutch: Station Mechelen-Nekkerspoel; French: Gare de Malines-Nekkerspoel) is a railway station in Mechelen, Antwerp, Belgium. The station opened on 3 December 1903 on railway lines 25, 27 and 27B. The train services are operated by the National Railway Company of Belgium (NMBS/SNCB).

## Train services

The station is served by the following services:
* Intercity services (IC-22) Essen - Antwerp - Mechelen - Brussels (weekdays)
* Intercity services (IC-22) Antwerp - Mechelen - Brussels - Halle - Braine-le-Comte - Binche (weekends)
* Intercity services (IC-31) Antwerp - Mechelen - Brussels (weekdays)
* Intercity services (IC-31) Antwerp - Mechelen - Brussels - Nivelles - Charleroi (weekends)
* Brussels RER services (S1) Antwerp - Mechelen - Brussels - Waterloo - Nivelles (weekdays)
* Brussels RER services (S1) Antwerp - Mechelen - Brussels (weekends)
| Preceding station | NMBS/SNCB | Following station |
| Mortsel-Oude-Godtowards Essen | IC 22weekdays, except holidays | Mechelentowards Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid |
| Mortsel-Oude-Godtowards Antwerpen-Centraal | IC 22weekends | Mechelentowards Binche |
| Mortsel-Oude-Godtowards Antwerpen-Centraal | IC 31weekdays, except holidays | Mechelentowards Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid |
| Mortsel-Oude-Godtowards Antwerpen-Centraal | IC 31weekends | Mechelentowards Charleroi-Sud |
| Sint-Katelijne-Wavertowards Antwerpen-Centraal | S 1weekdays | Mechelentowards Nivelles |
| Sint-Katelijne-Wavertowards Antwerpen-Centraal | S 1weekends | Mechelentowards Bruxelles-Midi / Brussel-Zuid |
# Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro

Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro (pronounced; German: Sankt Martin unter dem Großkahlenberge) is a formerly independent settlement in the northern part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro is a clustered village at the southeast foot of Mount Saint Mary along the road from Tacen to Vodice. It includes the hamlets of Pšatnik, Roje, Solzna Dolina, Kudrovec, and Blatna Vas. The soil is a mixture of sand and loam. The village's fields lie to the north, towards Vodice.

## Name

Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro literally means 'Šmartno below Mount Saint Mary'. It is named after Saint Martin, the patron saint of the local church. It was attested in 1296 as Sanctus Martinus sub Monte Sancte Marie (and as Sand Marten in 1420, and Sand Martten pey der Saw in 1430). The name Šmartno is a result of contraction (*šent Martìn 'Saint Martin' > *Šm̥martìn > *Šmártən) and the masculine form then underwent hypercorrection to a neuter noun.

## History

A Sunday school was established in Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro in 1824 and met in a private house. A schoolhouse was built in 1866. It was greatly damaged in the 1895 Ljubljana earthquake and replaced by a new building in 1898 (with war damage repaired in 1946). Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro was annexed by the City of Ljubljana in 1983, ending its existence as an independent settlement.

## Church

The church in Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro is dedicated to Saint Martin. It was mentioned in 1296 as the seat of an independent parish. The current structure was created in 1842 by the master builder Matej Medved (1796–1865) according to plans by the engineer Simon Foyker from Ljubljana. The church contains paintings by Matija Bradaška (1852–1915) and Janez Šubic. The chancel was painted by Matej Langus (1792–1855), and the altars are the work of Andrej Rovšek Sr. (1836–1903).

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Šmartno pod Šmarno Goro include:
* Franc Bukovec (1910–1942), Partisan and People's Hero of Yugoslavia
* Fran Jeriša (1829–1855), poet
* Franc Lavtižar (1874–1930), schoolmaster and orchard specialist
* Franc Šuštar (born 1923), mycologist and botanist
# Rakat-e Olya

Rakat-e Olya (Persian: ركعت عليا, also Romanized as Rak‘at-e ‘Olyā) is a village in Donbaleh Rud-e Shomali Rural District, Dehdez District, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 100, in 21 families.
# Kedouktos

Kedouktos (Greek: Κηδούκτος) or Kedoktos (Κηδόκτος), also Akedoukton (Ἀκεδοῦκτον) and ta Kidoktou (τὰ Κιδόκτου), was a plain near Herakleia Perinthos in Byzantine times.
The location of Kedouktos has not been identified with any certainty, but it lay near the river Halmyros (modern Kalivri Dere), and between the towns of Daneion (modern Kınalıköprü) and Herakleia (modern Marmara Ereğlisi). The name is evidently a hellenization of the Latin aquaeductus and refers to a local aqueduct; despite its vicinity with it, it was probably not part of the great system that supplied the Byzantine capital, Constantinople.
The site is first mentioned in 813 as Akedoukton or ta Kidoktou, when Michael I Rhangabe campaigned against the Bulgars, and was escorted by his wife Prokopia. Her presence was unwelcome to the troops, who rioted. In October or November 822, the plain was the site of the decisive battle in the rebellion of Thomas the Slav, between the rebel forces and the Bulgars under Omurtag, who was allied to Emperor Michael II the Amorian. The battle was costly for both sides and resulted in no clear winner, but weakened Thomas, leading to the collapse of his rebellion in spring 823.
The site appears again during the rebellion of Nikephoros Bryennios the Elder against Nikephoros III Botaneiates in 1078. Shortly before the Battle of Kalavrye, where Bryennios was defeated by Botaneiates' general Alexios Komnenos, the rebel army had camped at Kedouktos. In a praktikon of 1104, it is listed among the possessions of the Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos. At the turn of the 13th century it formed an imperial episkepsis, and was recorded in the Partitio Romaniae ("pertinentia Cedocti") as one of the areas allotted to the individual Crusader knights.
# Biga (bread baking)

Biga is a type of pre-fermentation used in Italian baking. Many popular Italian breads, including ciabatta, are made using a biga. Using a biga adds complexity to the bread's flavor and is often used in breads that need a light, open texture with holes. Apart from adding to flavor and texture, a biga also helps to preserve bread by making it less perishable.
Biga techniques were developed after the advent of baker's yeast as bakers in Italy moved away from the use of sourdough and needed to recover some of the flavor that was given up in this move. Bigas are usually dry and thick compared to a sourdough starter. This thickness is believed to give a biga its characteristic slightly nutty taste. Biga is usually made fresh every day, using a small amount of baker's yeast in a thick dough, which ranges 45–90% hydration as a baker's percentage, and is allowed to ferment from 12 to 16 hours to fully develop its flavor.
For some home bakers, biga is used to refer to naturally leavened sourdough made with a stiff starter, without using baker's yeast.

## Etymology

For this leavening the term "poolish" is sometimes used, which derives from the mispronunciation of the English "Polish" or the German "polnisch". It probably derives from the fact that the biga was known in Poland, and was learned by Austro-Hungarian bakers thanks to the Poles; from there it arrived in England.
# The Woman Who Did (1915 film)

The Woman Who Did is a 1915 British silent drama film directed by Walter West and starring Eve Balfour, Thomas H. MacDonald and George Foley. It was adapted from the 1895 novel The Woman Who Did by Grant Allen. It follows the life of Herminia Barton, a Cambridge-educated woman as she tries to make it in the world by herself.

## Cast

* Eve Balfour
* Thomas H. MacDonald
* George Foley
* Lily Saxby
# Schaffhouse-près-Seltz

Schaffhouse-près-Seltz (French pronunciation:, literally Schaffhouse near Seltz; German: Schaffhausen bei Selz) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
The residents are called the "Schaffhousois" .
# Ranspach-le-Bas

Ranspach-le-Bas (German: Niederranspach) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.
# Kanakysaurus

Kanakysaurus is a genus of skinks.

## Species

The following 2 species, listed alphabetically by specific name, are recognized as being valid: They are endemic to New Caledonia.
* Kanakysaurus viviparus Sadlier, Whitaker, Bauer, & Smith, 2004
* Kanakysaurus zebratus Sadlier, Smith, Whitaker, & Bauer, 2008
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Kanakysaurus.
# Gesta invisus

Gesta invisus, the false duskywing, is a species of spread-wing skipper in the family Hesperiidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler and Herbert Druce in 1872 and is found in Central and North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Gesta invisus is 3943.
# Michael Laitarovsky

Michael Laitarovsky (born 15 August 1999) is an Israeli swimmer. He competed in the men's 100 metre backstroke at the 2020 Summer Olympics.