OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Murder of Neha Hiremath

Neha Hiremath was a 23 year old woman, who was stabbed to death by classmate Fayaz Khondunaik at BVB college on Thursday, April 18, 2024.

## Background

Neha Hiremath was the daughter of Congress councillor of Hubballi-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC) Niranjan Hiremath. She was studying Computer Science at BVB College Hubballi, Karnataka. Fayaz was also studying in her class and her father said that he was approaching her to marry him, but she had denied it.

## Murder

On April 18, 2024, at around 4:30 PM, when Hiremath was coming out of her class in the BVB College campus, her classmate Fayaz suddenly approached her and stabbed her numerous times before fleeing the scene. She was taken to the nearby hospital for treatment eventually succumbed to her injuries. Police later arrested the accused person Fayaz and FIR has been registered.
An autopsy report was released on April 23, 2024. It was determined that Hiremath suffered from fourteen wounds around her neck, heart, and back—she had died within a minute of the attack.

## Aftermath

On Sunday, April 21, 2024, BJP Party in Karnataka called for statewide protest on Monday, April 22, 2024 over Hiremath's death. Muslim organisations have also given a call for a 'bandh' (strike) on Monday, condemning the murder of 23-year-old college student Neha Hiremath in Hubballi.
A bandh was observed on Monday, April 22, 2024 in Hubballi - Dharawad in solidarity with the victim's family.

## Investigation

On April 22, 2024, Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah has said the investigation into the murder of Hubballi student, Neha Hiremath, will be handed over to the Criminal Investigation Department (CID).
On April 24, 2024, the accused was sent to a 6-day Criminal Investigation Department (CID) custody.
On May 27, 2024, senior CID officer met the family of Neha Hiremath in Hubballi and assured them of justice.
84 days after the murder, investigation team digs out 99 pieces of evidence for the murder case.
# 1890 West Sydney colonial by-election

A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of West Sydney on 26 July 1890 because of the death of Alfred Lamb (Free Trade).

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| 13 October 1890 | Alfred Lamb died. |
| 16 October 1890 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 22 October 1890 | Nominations |
| 25 October 1890 | Polling day |
| 30 October 1890 | Return of writ |

## Candidates

* Adolphus Taylor was the editor of the Truth and had been the member for Mudgee from 1882 until 1887.
* John Taylor was a timber merchant who had been an alderman on the Sydney City Council since 1877 and before that an alderman and mayor of Balmain Council. He had unsuccessfully stood as a candidate for Balmain at the 1880, and 1882 elections.
* Peter Brennan was the president of the Trades and Labor Council and was its endorsed candidate, however he ultimately did not nominate after some of the maritime unions supported Adolphus Taylor.

## Result

1890 West Sydney by-election]] Wednesday 25 October :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Adolphus Taylor (elected) | 3,455 | 63.8 |
| | Free Trade | John Taylor | 1,963 | 36.2 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,418 | 97.9 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 116 | 2.1 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,534 | 51.2 |
| | Independent gain from Free Trade | Independent gain from Free Trade | | |
# JetSmart Perú

JetSmart Airlines Perú S.A.C., styled as JetSMART, is a Peruvian airline owned by the Chilean ultra low-cost carrier JetSmart, itself owned by Indigo Partners. Its primary base of operations is Jorge Chávez International Airport, servicing Lima, Peru; and has a secondary base at Rodríguez Ballón International Airport, in Arequipa, Peru.

## Destinations

JetSmart Perú operates to the following destinations:
| Country | City | Airport | Notes |
| Chile | Santiago | Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport | |
| Colombia | Cartagena | Rafael Núñez International Airport | |
| Colombia | Cúcuta | Camilo Daza International Airport | |
| Colombia | Medellín | José María Córdova International Airport | |
| Ecuador | Guayaquil | José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport | |
| Ecuador | Quito | Mariscal Sucre International Airport | |
| Perú | Arequipa | Rodríguez Ballón International Airport | Base |
| Perú | Cajamarca | Mayor General FAP Armando Revoredo Iglesias Airport | |
| Perú | Chiclayo | FAP Captain José Abelardo Quiñones González International Airport | |
| Perú | Cuzco | Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport | |
| Perú | Iquitos | Coronel FAP Francisco Secada Vignetta International Airport | Terminated |
| Perú | Juliaca | Inca Manco Cápac International Airport | |
| Perú | Lima | Jorge Chávez International Airport | Base |
| Perú | Piura | PAF Captain Guillermo Concha Iberico International Airport | |
| Perú | Talara | Capitán FAP Víctor Montes Arias International Airport | |
| Perú | Tarapoto | Cadete FAP Guillermo del Castillo Paredes Airport | |
| Perú | Trujillo | FAP Captain Carlos Martínez de Pinillos International Airport | |

## Fleet

The JetSmart Perú fleet consists of the following aircraft:
JetSmart Perú fleet :
| Aircraft | In service | Orders | Passengers | Notes |
| Airbus A320neo | 8 | – | 186 | Operated by JetSmart |
| Total | 8 | | | |
# Ciliopagurus hawaiiensis

Ciliopagurus hawaiiensis is a species of hermit crab native to Hawaii.
# Torbenella orbis

Torbenella orbis is a species of squat lobsters in the family Munididae. It occurs in the Pacific Ocean from near the Kei Islands to the Norfolk Islands.
# Joshua Gamson

Joshua Gamson (born November 16, 1962) is an American scholar and author. A graduate of Swarthmore College and the University of California, Berkeley, he served on the faculty of Yale University before becoming a professor of sociology at the University of San Francisco. His work has appeared in The Nation, The American Prospect, Newsday, Gender & Society, the Journal of the History of Sexuality, and Sociological Inquiry. He is the son of sociologists William and Zelda F. Gamson.
Gamson received the 2006 Stonewall Book Award for nonfiction for The Fabulous Sylvester, his biography of disco singer and activist Sylvester, which was also shortlisted for the 2005 Lambda Literary Awards. In a mostly positive review for The Village Voice, Robert Christgau lamented the gaps in Gamson's knowledge of music history, but praised his "details and insights" into Sylvester's life. Kirkus Reviews called the book "worshipful, occasionally overenthusiastic, yet engaging and sometimes surprisingly insightful."
He was a 2009 Guggenheim Fellow and received a Placek Award from the American Psychological Association in 1995.
# Leah Dobson

Leah Christie Dobson (born 6 October 2001) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Durham. She plays as a right-handed batter.

## Early life

Dobson was born on 6 October 2001 in Scarborough, North Yorkshire. At youth level for Yorkshire, she was the Under-17 Batter of the Season in 2018, and hit 161 from 81 balls in an Under-17 T20 match.

## Domestic career

Dobson made her county debut in 2018, for Yorkshire against Kent. In 2019, she scored 92 runs at an average of 18.40 in the County Championship, including her career high score of 40 in a 2 wicket victory over Nottinghamshire. She only played one match for Yorkshire in 2021, scoring 4* against North East Warriors before rain cut the match short.
Dobson was selected in the Northern Diamonds squad for the 2020 Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy, but did not play a match that season. She made her debut for the side in 2021, in their opening match of the Charlotte Edwards Cup against North West Thunder. She went on to score 111 runs in the tournament for her side, including her Twenty20 high score of 44*. She also played five times in the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy, including scoring 49 against Southern Vipers. Dobson appeared in six matches for Northern Diamonds in 2022 across the Charlotte Edwards Cup and the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy, with a top score of 34* in the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy final, helping Diamonds to their first title. At the end of the 2022 season, it was announced that Dobson had signed her first professional contract with Northern Diamonds.
In 2023, she played 17 matches for Northern Diamonds, across the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy and the Charlotte Edwards Cup, and scored her maiden List A half-century, with 68* against Western Storm. She also played five matches for Northern Superchargers in The Hundred. In 2024, she played 15 matches for Northern Diamonds, across the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy and the Charlotte Edwards Cup, scoring two half-centuries.
# Tallyman

A tallyman is an individual who keeps a numerical record with tally marks, historically often on tally sticks.

## Vote counter

In Ireland, it is common for political parties to provide private observers when ballot boxes are opened. These tallymen keep a tally of the preferences of visible voting papers and allow an early initial estimate of which candidates are likely to win in the drawn-out single transferable vote counting process. Since the public voting process is by then complete, it is usual for tallymen from different parties to share information.

## Head counter

Another possible definition is a person who called to literally do a head count, presumably on behalf of either the town council or the house owners. This is rumoured to have occurred in Liverpool, in the years after the First World War. Mechanical tally counters can make such head counts easier, by removing the need to make any marks.

## Debt collector

In poorer parts of England (including the north and the East End of London), the tallyman was the hire purchase collector, who visited each week to collect the payments for goods purchased on the 'never never', or hire purchase. These people still had such employment up until the 1980s.
The title tallyman extended to the keeper of a village pound as animals were often held against debts, and tally sticks were used to prove they could be released.

## In popular culture

* "'The tallyman,' Mum told me, 'slice off the top of the stems of the bunches as they take them in. Then him count the little stubs he just sliced off and pay the farmer.'" explains a Ms. Wade in Andrea Levy’s novel "Fruit of the Lemon".
* Harry Belafonte addresses the tallyman in "Day-O (The Banana Boat Song)."
* In 1967 Graham Gouldman wrote a song called "Tallyman," which was recorded by Jeff Beck and reached #30 on the British charts.
* Heavy metal singer Udo Dirkschneider produced a song called "Tallyman."
* The Tally Man is the name of two super villains in the DC Universe, usually enemies of Batman. The original was a "collector" of human lives, having killed a criminal debt collector in his boyhood.
* The credit information company Experian Tallyman markets debt collection management software called Tallyman, a product originally purchased from Talgentra.
* The Tallyman appears in the Charmed (2018 TV series).
# Edita Horrell

Edita Horrell (née Uksaitė), previously known as Edita Nichols, is a Lithuanian-born mountaineer and humanitarian aid worker. She became the first Lithuanian woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest, on 22 May 2013.

## Biography

Edita Horrell is a humanitarian aid worker employed by the World Food Programme (WFP), whom she has worked for since 2010. She has been deployed to Haiti, Niger, the Philippines, South Sudan, Zambia, Guinea, Nepal, Ecuador, Chad and the Central African Republic.
She began her career as a mountaineer following her ascent of Kilimanjaro in 2010. She has made successful ascents of three 8000m peaks - Cho Oyu, Manaslu and Everest. She survived an avalanche on Manaslu in 2012, when she was catapulted for several metres inside her tent.
She made two unsuccessful attempts on a fourth 8000m peak, Lhotse, in 2014 and 2015. Both of these expeditions were cut short by major tragedies. In 2015, she narrowly avoided another avalanche at Everest Base Camp, when a 7.8-magnitude earthquake caused a serac to collapse on nearby Pumori. After the earthquake, she spent two months in Nepal working on the emergency response for the World Food Programme.
In 2014, she was part of an international team which measured and identified Mafinga Central as the highest point in Zambia.
In 2016, she was mountaineering in Ecuador when another 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck. Once again she remained in the country to assist with the humanitarian response for WFP.
In September 2017, she made what is believed to be the first ever ascent of Chimborazo from sea to summit, starting from Guayaquil, then completing a full circuit of the mountain before climbing to the summit.

## Successful climbs

* 2010 Kilimanjaro (5895 m) Tanzania, the highest mountain in Africa.
* 2011 Mera Peak (6476 m) Nepal.
* 2011 Mont Blanc (4810 m) France, the highest mountain in Western Europe.
* 2011 Cho Oyu (8201 m) Tibet, the sixth highest mountain in the world.
* 2012 Aconcagua (6962 m) Argentina, the highest mountain in South America.
* 2012 Manaslu (8163 m) Nepal, the eighth highest mountain in the world.
* 2013 Mount Everest (8848 m) Tibet, the highest mountain in the world.
* 2016 Cayambe (5790 m) Ecuador, the highest mountain directly on the Equator.
* 2016 and 2017 Chimborazo (6310 m) Ecuador, the highest mountain from the Earth's centre.
* 2016 Antisana (5704 m) Ecuador, the fourth highest mountain in Ecuador.
* 2019 Ojos del Salado (6893 m) Chile, the highest volcano in the world.
# SMOG

The SMOG grade is a measure of readability that estimates the years of education needed to understand a piece of writing. SMOG is an acronym for "Simple Measure of Gobbledygook".
SMOG is widely used, particularly for checking health messages. The SMOG grade yields a 0.985 correlation with a standard error of 1.5159 grades with the grades of readers who had 100% comprehension of test materials.
The formula for calculating the SMOG grade was developed by G. Harry McLaughlin as a more accurate and more easily calculated substitute for the Gunning fog index and published in 1969. To make calculating a text's readability as simple as possible an approximate formula was also given — count the words of three or more syllables in three 10-sentence samples, estimate the count's square root (from the nearest perfect square), and add 3.
A 2010 study published in the Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh stated that “SMOG should be the preferred measure of readability when evaluating consumer-oriented healthcare material.” The study found that “The Flesch-Kincaid formula significantly underestimated reading difficulty compared with the gold standard SMOG formula.”
Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

## Formulae

To calculate SMOG Index
* Take three ten-sentence-long samples from the text in question.
* In those sentences, count the polysyllables (words of 3 or more syllables).
* Calculate using
    ${\mbox{grade}}=1.0430{\sqrt {{\mbox{number of polysyllables}}\times {30 \over {\mbox{number of sentences}}}}}+3.1291$
This version (sometimes called the SMOG Index) is more easily used for mental math:
* Count the number of polysyllabic words in three samples of ten sentences each.
* Take the square root of the nearest perfect square
* Add 3
SMOG conversion tables compiled by Harold C. McGraw are slightly inaccurate because they are based on the approximate formula. Furthermore, tables for texts of fewer than 30 sentences are statistically invalid, because the formula was normed on 30-sentence samples.
# Cindy Patton

Cindy Patton (born February 12, 1956) is an American sociologist and historian specializing in the history of the AIDS epidemic. A former faculty member at Temple University and Emory University, she currently teaches at Simon Fraser University, where she held the Canada Research Chair in Community, Culture, and Health from 2003 to 2014. Her work has appeared in Criticism, the Feminist Review, and the International Review of Qualitative Research, and she co-edited a special edition of Cultural Studies on French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu.
Patton is a graduate of Appalachian State University, Harvard University, and the University of Massachusetts. She received the Stonewall Book Award in 1986 for her book Sex and Germs: The Politics of AIDS, and was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award in 1991 for Inventing AIDS.
# Scheduled monuments in Perth and Kinross

A scheduled monument in Scotland is a nationally important archaeological site or monument which is given legal protection by being placed on a list (or "schedule") maintained by Historic Environment Scotland. The aim of scheduling is to preserve the country's most significant sites and monuments as far as possible in the form in which they have been inherited.
The process of scheduling is governed by the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979, which aims "to make provision for the investigation, preservation and recording of matters of archaeological or historical interest". The term "scheduled monument" can apply to the whole range of archaeological sites which have been deliberately constructed by human activity but are not always visible above ground. They range from prehistoric standing stones and burial sites, through Roman remains and medieval structures such as castles and monasteries, to later structures such as industrial sites and buildings constructed for the World Wars. Some buildings or structures which were both scheduled and listed have had their listing designations removed to reduce the duplication.
In 2017 there were 8238 scheduled monuments in Scotland.

## Notable scheduled monuments in Perth and Kinross

| Name | Location | Description | Ref No |
| Arnot Tower | Scotlandwell | Gutted 16th-century tower-house | SM996 |
| Ardoch Roman Fort | Ardoch | Remains of a complex Roman military site | SM1601 |
| Coupar Angus Abbey gatehouse | Coupar Angus | Ruined gatehouse to medieval Cistercian abbey | SM1629 |
| Black Castle of Moulin | Moulin | Ruined castle | SM1636 |
| Bertha Roman Fort | Redgorton | Traces of former Roman Fort of bank of River Tay | SM2403 |
| Dundurn Fort | Comrie | Prehistoric Pictish hillfort | SM2885 |
| Inchaffray Abbey | Madderty | Slight remains of monastic buildings | SM3200 |
| Croft Moraig Stone Circle | Near Aberfeldy | Prehistoric stone circle | SM5024 |
| Comrie Castle | Dull | Small defensive keep on the South bank of the River Lyon | SM5507 |
| Coupar Angus Abbey precincts | Coupar Angus | Subterranean remains of large abbey complex | SM5772 |
| Abernethy Round Tower and Pictish Stone | Abernethy, Perth and Kinross | Medieval round tower with Pictish symbol stone at base | SM90005 |
| Balvaird Castle | Abernethy, Perth and Kinross | Ruined 15th-century L-plan tower-house | SM90027 |
| Burleigh Castle | Orwell | Medieval tower-house | SM90045 |
| Dunkeld Cathedral | Dunkeld | Nave and tower of ruined medieval cathedral | SM90119 |
| Huntingtower Castle | Tibbermore | Connected 15th- and 16th-century towers | SM90164 |
| Kinnoull Church, remains of church and churchyard, Perth | Kinnoull | Remains of a 16th-century church, with monument to George Hay, 1st Earl of Kinnoull | SM6627 |
| Lochleven Castle | Kinross | Remains of castle on Castle Island in Loch Leven | SM90204 |
| Tullibardine Chapel | Tullibardine | 16th-century chapel | SM90308 |
| Innerpeffray Collegiate Church | Innerpeffray | Early-16th-century church | SM90170 |
| Elcho Castle | Perth | Castle | SM90140 |
# Abernethy Round Tower

The Abernethy Round Tower is a stone-built Irish-style round tower which stands in School Wynd, at the edge of the village cemetery, in Abernethy, Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
Dating from the 11th century, the tower is one of only two such towers surviving in Scotland—the other is at Brechin—and is protected as a scheduled monument.
The roofless sandstone tower is 22.5 m (73 ft 10 in) high and has a diameter of 4.57 m (15 ft 0 in) at ground level, tapering upwards to 3.96 m (13 ft 0 in). The walls are 1.07 m (3 ft 6 in) thick. The twelve lower layers are of a different coloured stone to the rest of the building, leading to speculation that the base was built earlier than the rest. There are indications that the tower originally had six wooden floors, probably connected by ladders. Fixed to the outside base of the tower is a Pictish stone; the tower also has an iron joug or pillory attached.
Various changes have been made to the tower over the years, including the installation of an iron spiral staircase when it became a lookout tower, windows and an outside clock. The current clock dates from 1868.
Here Malcolm III of Scotland paid homage to William the Conqueror some six years after the Battle of Hastings. Subclade distance 0
# Dundurn, Scotland

Dundurn is the site of a Pictish hillfort in what is now Strathearn in Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
The fort was situated on a hill with the River Earn to one side and the Allt Ghoinean burn to another. Excavations have identified three stages of fortification between 500 and 800 AD.
The fort at Dundurn (or Dún Duirn) is mentioned twice in the Annals of Ulster, firstly relating to a siege in 683 AD, at which time it was held by King Bridei III, and secondly as the location of the death of a King Giric (King Gregory) in 889 AD.
It is a designated scheduled monument.
# Romney, Texas

Romney is an unincorporated community in Eastland County in the U.S. state of Texas. Located southwest of Fort Worth, it lies between the towns of Rising Star and Cisco on Texas State Highway 183.
# Rodrigo Longaray

Rodrigo de Oliveira Longaray (born 12 May 1985 in Porto Alegre) is a Brazilian footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Cerro Largo of the Uruguayan Primera División.
# Mateus Norton

Mateus Norton Gomes Chaves (born 19 July 1996), simply known as Mateus Norton, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bento Gonçalves.
# Cryptasterina hystera

Cryptasterina hystera is a species of starfish. It is found in a limited region of the coast of Australia and is very similar in appearance to Cryptasterina pentagona. The two appear to have diverged from a common ancestral line a few thousand years ago.

## Distribution

Cryptasterina hystera is native to a small number of locations on the coasts of Australia at the southern end of the range of Cryptasterina pentagona. It occurs around the shores and islands of Statue Bay (23°15′S; 150°45′E), in south east Queensland, and is typically found under rocks and among mangroves in the upper intertidal zone.

## Biology

Cryptasterina hystera is a hermaphrodite; the gonads can produce both sperm and eggs and are known as ovotestes. Fertilization of the eggs take place when sperm liberated by another starfish is drawn into the gonad through the gonoduct. The eggs are few in number and have large yolks and are retained inside the starfish which is viviparous. The brachiolaria larvae that develop inside the gonads "swim" in the fluid there and are eventually released into the sea through the gonopore as juvenile starfish.
Members of the family Asterinidae appear prone to rapid change in their reproductive life cycle and Cryptasterina hystera is one of several species that has recently diverged from its ancestral line. It has recently been recognised as a separate species from Cryptasterina pentagona, a morphologically similar species but with a different native range and a different method of reproduction.
In a research study, embryos were removed from the gonads of Cryptasterina hystera and reared in the laboratory. It was found that the larvae developed normally and exhibited similar behaviour to that of the larvae of free-spawning starfish. After about sixteen days they sank to the bottom and underwent metamorphosis into juveniles in a normal manner.