OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Masevaux-Niederbruck

Masevaux-Niederbruck (French pronunciation: ; German: Masmünster-Niederbruck; Alsatian: Màsmìnschter-Niderbrucke) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of northeastern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Masevaux and Niederbruck.
# Blotzheim

Blotzheim (French pronunciation: ; Alsatian: Blohze) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department, Alsace, northeastern France.
# No Secrets (No Secrets album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
No Secrets is the only studio album by American girl group No Secrets. It was released on August 6, 2002, through Jive Records. The album spawned two singles, "Kids in America" (a cover of the Kim Wilde classic and also from the Nickelodeon original movie Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius) and "That's What Girls Do" (from the end credits of the Cartoon Network original movie The Powerpuff Girls Movie, later featured on the soundtracks for The Hot Chick and Sleepover). No Secrets received poor reviews from critics and was a commercial disappointment. Despite the album topping the US Billboard Top Heatseekers chart, the album only charted at No. 136 on the Billboard 200 and only stayed on the chart for three weeks.

## Track listing

Notes
* "On the Floor" contains a portion of "Crush on You" written by James Lloyd, Andreao Heard, Jeff Lorber and Christopher Wallace.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.
Vocals
* Liz Winstanley – background vocals (3)
* Rita Campbell – background vocals (3)
* Beverly Staunton – background vocals (9)
* Heather Holley – background vocals, arrangement (11)
Instrumentation
* Ejay – guitar (3)
* Chris DeStefano – guitar, bass, keyboards, drums (5)
* Andy Goldmark – bass, keyboards, drums, vocal arrangement (5)
* Brian Kierulf – guitars (6)
* Josh Schwartz – guitars (6)
* Mats Berntoft – guitars (7)
Production
* Jesse Gorman – assistant engineer (3)
* Jeff Kanan – assistant engineer (6)
* Joseph Lobato – assistant engineer (8)
* Matt Marrin – assistant engineer (2)
* Charles McCrory – assistant engineer (6)
* Richard J. Tapper – assistant engineer (1, 5, 9)
* Dave Valler – assistant engineer (3)
* Jennifer Young – assistant engineer (7)
* Rich Travali – mixing (1, 9)
* Chris Trevett – mixing (5, 6)
* Riprock 'n' Alex G – mixing (2), programming (2)
* Ren Swan – mixing (3)
* Douglas Carr – mixing (7)
* Jon Krupp – mixing (8)
* Rob Hoffman – mixing (11)
* Jiant – programming (3)
* Brian Kierulf – programming (6)
* Adrian Gurvitz – programming (9)
* Tony Brock – programming (11)
* Chaz Harper – mastering
Artwork
* Elisa Garcia – art direction, design
* Albert Sanchez – photography

## Charts

Chart performance for No Secrets :
| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 136 |
| US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard) | 1 |
# Cobalopsis valerius

Cobalopsis valerius, the miaba skipper, is a species of skippers in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from Costa Rica to southern Brazil and Paraguay.
# Pieter Louis Le Roux

Pieter Louis Le Roux or PL Le Roux (1865–1943) was a South African missionary, who was a leading figure in the Zion Church movement in South Africa and the Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa. Le Roux was initially a missionary for the Dutch Reformed Church. He was heavily influenced by the healing ministry of John Alexander Dowie and his Zionist movement which he later joined. Later he joined the Pentecostal movement of John G. Lake and Thomas Hezmalhalch. He was president of the Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa from 1913 to 1942. His involvement with black leaders in South Africa led to the establishment of a conglomerate of churches from both Zionist and Pentecostal backgrounds, most notably the Zion Christian Church (ZCC).
# Ligand efficiency

Ligand efficiency is a measurement of the binding energy per atom of a ligand to its binding partner, such as a receptor or enzyme.
Ligand efficiency is used in drug discovery research programs to assist in narrowing focus to lead compounds with optimal combinations of physicochemical properties and pharmacological properties.
Mathematically, ligand efficiency (LE) can be defined as the ratio of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) to the number of non-hydrogen atoms of the compound:
    LE = -(ΔG)/N
where ΔG = −RTlnK$_i$ and N is the number of non-hydrogen atoms. It can be transformed to the equation:
    LE = 1.4(−log IC$_{50}$)/N

## Other metrics

Some suggest that better metrics for ligand efficiency are percentage/potency efficiency index (PEI), binding efficiency index (BEI) and surface-binding efficiency index (SEI) because they are easier to calculate and take into account the differences between elements in different rows of the periodic table. It is important to note that PEI is a relative measure for comparing compounds tested in the same conditions (e.g. a single-point assay) and are not comparable at different inhibitor concentrations. Also for BEI and SEI, similar measurements must be used (e.g. always using pK$_i$).
    PEI = (% inhibition at a given compound concentration as fraction: 0 – 1.0) / (molecular weight, kDa)
    BEI = (pK$_i$, pK$_d$, or pIC$_{50}$) / (molecular weight, kDa)
    SEI = (pK$_i$, pK$_d$, or pIC$_{50}$) / (PSA/100 Å)
where pK$_i$, pK$_d$ and pIC$_{50}$ is defined as −log(K$_i$), −log(K$_d$), or −log(IC $_{50}$), respectively. K$_i$ and IC$_{50}$ in mol/L.
The authors suggest plotting compounds SEI and BEI on a plane and optimizing compounds towards the diagonal and so optimizing both SEI and BEI which incorporate potency, molecular weight and PSA.
There are other metrics which can be useful during hit to lead optimization: group efficiency (GE), lipophilic efficiency/lipophilic ligand efficiency (LipE/LLE), ligand lipophilicity index (LLE$_{AT}$) ligand efficiency dependent lipophilicity (LELP), fit quality scaled ligand efficiency (LE$_{scale}$), size independent ligand efficiency (SILE).
Group efficiency (GE) is a metric used to estimate the binding efficiency of groups added to a ligand. Unlike ligand efficiency which evaluates the efficiency of the entire molecule, group efficiency measures the relative change of the Gibbs free energy (ΔΔG), caused by addition or modification of groups, normalized by the change in the number heavy atoms in those groups (ΔN), using the equation:
    GE = -(ΔΔG)/ΔN
# Holothuria impatiens

Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens, commonly known as the impatient sea cucumber or bottleneck sea cucumber, is a species of sea cucumber in the genus Holothuria, subgenus Thymiosycia.

## Description

Holothuria impatiens has an elongated cylindrical body and grows to a length of about 15 cm (6 in). The leathery skin is mottled brown, grey or purplish-brown, often banded in alternating bands of pale and dark colour. The surface is covered with low, rounded papillae, feeling rough to the touch, and this distinguishes this species from the otherwise similar Holothuria hilla. Some of the papillae are surrounded by concentric brown rings. Embedded in the skin are bony ossicles in the form of smooth rounded buttons and square tables. There is a crown of about twenty tentacles at the anterior, thinner end, and this end may be darker in colour than the posterior end.

## Distribution and habitat

Holothuria impatiens has a wide distribution, its range including the tropical Indo-Pacific, the tropical western Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, and the Mediterranean Sea and coasts of France. It is typically found on reef flats, in lagoons, or in open areas, usually underneath rocks or coral rubble, at depths from about 2 m (7 ft) down to 40 m (100 ft).

## Ecology

Holothuria impatiens may get its common name from the fact that it readily expels sticky cuvierian tubules (enlargements of the respiratory tree that float freely in the body cavity) when handled, a defensive strategy that distracts potential predators. This sea cucumber is nocturnal and very cryptic: it prefers to dwell in small crevices. Having found a suitable crack, it relaxes its longitudinal muscles and works its way into the crevice, then stiffens its collagen fibres to make itself secure. When feeding, it only half-emerges from the crack. It is a deposit feeder, sifting through the sediment with its feeding tentacles and ingesting the dead biological material it finds, such as fragments of seaweed.
On the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, reproduction takes place once a year, in late spring or early summer. Females produce a small number of large eggs; some related species of sea cucumbers additionally reproduce asexually by transverse fission, but H. impatiens has never been observed to do this.
# Vladimirsky Municipal Okrug

Vladimirsky Municipal Okrug (Russian: Влади́мирский муниципа́льный о́круг) is a municipal okrug in Tsentralny District, one of the eighty-one low-level municipal divisions of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 59,065, up from 57,213 recorded during the 2002 Census.

## Geography

The municipal okrug borders with Nevsky Avenue in the north, Ligovsky Avenue in the south, Gorokhovaya Street in the west, and with the Fontanka River in the north.

## Economy

Rossiya airline has its head office in the municipal okrug.

## Architecture

Places of interest include the Vladimirskaya Church and the Corinthia Hotel.
# Living It (TV series)

Living It is a CBBC School drama series, that revolves around school children lives, The first series contained fifteen episodes and the second series fifteen episodes.

## Episode list
### Series 1

| Episode in total | Episode in series | Title | Original air date |
| 1 | 1 | "Instant Karma" | 2005 (2005) |
| 2 | 2 | "Pressure of the Cool" | 2005 (2005) |
| 3 | 3 | "Dying Of Embarrassment" | 2005 (2005) |
| 4 | 4 | "Cinderella" | 2005 (2005) |
| 5 | 5 | "Please Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood" | 2005 (2005) |
| 6 | 6 | "Drop Bears" | 2005 (2005) |
| 7 | 7 | "Sleeping Beauty" | 2005 (2005) |
| 8 | 8 | "Silence Is Easy" | 2005 (2005) |
| 9 | 9 | "The Haunting" | 2005 (2005) |
| 10 | 10 | "Friends for Ever" | 2005 (2005) |
| 11 | 11 | "Brother's Keeper" | 2005 (2005) |
| 12 | 12 | "Don't Get Too Close To Me" | 2005 (2005) |
| 13 | 13 | "The Present" | 2005 (2005) |
| 14 | 14 | "All By Myself" | 2005 (2005) |
| 15 | 15 | "Kiss The Frog" | 2005 (2005) |

### Series 2

| Episode in total | Episode in series | Title | Original air date |
| 16 | 1 | "Dirty Laundry" | 2006 (2006) |
| 17 | 2 | "Changes" | 2006 (2006) |
| 18 | 3 | "Killer Instinct" | 2006 (2006) |
| 19 | 4 | "Princess" | 2006 (2006) |
| 20 | 5 | "Great Expectations" | 2006 (2006) |
| 21 | 6 | "Mr Popularity" | 2006 (2006) |
| 22 | 7 | "What a Difference a Day Makes" | 2006 (2006) |
| Ben Kerfoot guest stars as Taylor. ||||
| 23 | 8 | "Nobody Loves Me" | 2006 (2006) |
| 24 | 9 | "Back in the Day" | 2006 (2006) |
| 25 | 10 | "Aliens Have Landed" | 2006 (2006) |
| 26 | 11 | "Stranger Danger" | 2006 (2006) |
| 28 | 12 | "Heidi Full of Grace" | 2006 (2006) |
| 28 | 13 | "Under Pressure" | 2006 (2006) |
| 29 | 14 | "Phone-Tastic" | 2006 (2006) |
| 30 | 15 | "Body Beautiful" | 2006 (2006) |
# Maidens railway station

Maidens railway station was a railway station serving the village of Maidens, South Ayrshire, Scotland. The station was part of the Maidens and Dunure Light Railway.

## History

The station opened on 17 May 1906. It closed on 1 December 1930, but reopened briefly between 4 July 1932 and 1 June 1933.
The station had a single island platform with a small wooden building with overhanging canopies. The former station site is located next to the A719, a short distance east of the village of the same name, however the site is now a caravan park leaving no remaining trace of the station.
# Duncan Chapman

Major Duncan Chapman (5 May 1888 – 6 August 1916) was an Australian Army officer with the 9th Battalion and 45th Battalion of Australian Imperial Force during World War I. Chapman was the first man to step ashore at the Gallipoli landing with the 9th Battalion, 3rd Brigade on 25 April 1915. A statue of Chapman was unveiled in his home town of Maryborough, Queensland to commemorate the centenary of the Gallipoli landing.

## Early life

Duncan Chapman was born on 15 May 1888 in Maryborough, Queensland, the son of Robert and Eugenie Chapman. His mother died when he was young. Chapman attended Maryborough Grammar School. At the outbreak of World War I Chapman was residing in Brisbane and working as paymaster.

## Military career

Prior to World War I, Chapman had served for six months with the Wide Bay Regiment, six months with the Kennedy Regiment. and three years with the 7th Infantry where he held the rank of lieutenant.
He was assigned to the 9th Battalion and embarked from Brisbane in September 1914 aboard troop transport ship SS Omrah.
Chapman was the first man to step ashore at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915.
He was later transferred to the 45th Battalion. Chapman was killed in action on 6 August 1916 at Pozieres, Somme, France and was interred at Pozieres British Cemetery.

## Commemoration

On 24 April 2015, as part of the commemoration of centenary of the Gallipoli landing during World War I, a life-sized, bronze statue of Lieutenant Duncan Chapman was unveiled at a dawn service at Queen's Park, Maryborough, Queensland.
# Felekan

Felekan (Persian: فلكان, also Romanized as Felekān) is a village in Margavar Rural District, Silvaneh District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 590, in 108 families.
# Paulo (footballer, born 1981)

Gideon Paulo da Silva (born 16 July 1981 in Jacobina, Bahia) is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a midfielder.
He was signed by Swiss side FC Schaffhausen on 19 July 2007.
# Peterson dos Santos

Peterson dos Santos (born 31 March 1991) is a Brazilian sprinter. He competed in the 4 × 400 m relay at the 2016 Olympics.
# Seibert Straughn

Seibert Straughn (born 31 October 1967, in Saint Philip) is a retired Barbadian sprinter who specialized in the 400 metres.
He won the bronze medal at the 1989 Central American and Caribbean Championships. He also competed at the Olympic Games in 1988 and 1992 as well as the 1991 World Championships.
His personal best time was 45.61 seconds, achieved in May 1989 in Bridgetown.
# 4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone

4,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone is an organic compound with the formula (HOC$_6$H$_4$)$_2$CO. This off-white solid is a precursor to, or a degradation product of, diverse commercial materials. It is a potential endocrine disruptor.

## Synthesis

4,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone is prepared by the rearrangement of p-hydroxyphenylbenzoate:
    HOC$_6$H$_4$CO$_2$C$_6$H$_5$ → (HOC$_6$H$_4$)$_2$CO
Alternatively, p-hydroxybenzoic acid can be converted to p-acetoxybenzoyl chloride. This acid chloride reacts with phenol to give, after deacetylation, 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone.

## Uses

The main application of 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone is as a UV light stabilizer. It and its derivatives are found in cosmetics, plastics, films, adhesives and coatings, optical fiber, and printed circuit boards. It is the precursor to certain polycarbonate polymers.
# Yeom Hyo-seob

Yeom Hyo-Seob (Korean: 염효섭) is a South Korean taekwondo practitioner. He won the gold medal in the bantamweight division (-63 kg) at the 2009 World Taekwondo Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark.

## Controversial final

At the 2009 World Championship, Yeom won the very controversial gold medal fight against Reza Naderian of Iran following a highly disputed 4–2 final score. Yeom was trailing 2-1 midway through the second round when the judge gave three points to Yeom for a kick to the face that did not connect. Iran requested a video replay but the referee refused. Then in the third round, with Yeom ahead by a point, the referee accepted team Korea's request for a video replay and took away a point from the Iranian fighter.
Yeom kept clinching the Iranian opponent using fake attacks until the end of the third round, and even ran out on the mat when 5 seconds are left to the end of the match.
After the match, many South Korean media criticized about the controversial judgement and Yeom's unsportsmanlike ending.
# Mlynky Cave

Млинки (Ukrainian: Млинки) is a gypsum cave located in the Ukrainian village of Zalissia, Zavodske Hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast.

## History

On 25 June 1960, the Chortkiv Raion newspaper Nove Zhyttia published an article by Mykhailo Bil, a teacher at the Uhryn school, entitled "Mlynetska Cave".
The area is 0.5 hectares. Since 1971, it has been under protection, in particular, a natural labyrinth of karst origin with a total length of more than 50 km of passages.
Before the opening of the passages, foxes lived in the cave.
In 1960–1967, Mlynky were explored by members of the Ternopil section of speleology. Nowadays, the cave is studied by the Chortkiv club of speleologists "Krystal".
# Qarah Tappeh, Kermanshah

Qarah Tappeh (Persian: قره تپه) is a village in Baladarband Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 23 families.
# Vilmos Tkálecz

Vilmos Tkálecz (Slovene: Vilmoš Tkalec; January 8, 1894 – May 27, 1950) was a Hungarian-Slovenian schoolmaster and politician who served as governor of the short-lived Republic of Prekmurje in 1919.
Tkálecz was born on January 8, 1894, in Turnišče, Prekmurje, in Zala County of the Kingdom of Hungary. His father István Tkálecz was an innkeeper, and his mother was Mária Hochhoffer, who was of German descent. In 1917, he enlisted in the army and was sent to Russia. After World War I, he worked as a schoolteacher in Črenšovci (Hungarian: Cserföld), near Lendava.
Under the Hungarian Soviet Republic, Tkálecz was an assistant to the clerk Béla Obál while he stayed in Murska Sobota.
On May 29, 1919, Tkálecz declared Prekmurje a republic. On June 6, the Hungarian Red Army was sent to Murska Sobota and overthrew the state. Tkálecz went into exile to Austria sometime during 1920, and later found work as a teacher in Nagykarácsony, Hungary, where he remained for many years. He died in Budapest in 1950. After 1929 he changed his name to Vilmos Tarcsay. In 1939 wrote a Prekmurje Slovene textbook called Vend-szlovenszka kniga cstenya.
# Mneme Lake

Mneme Lake (Bulgarian: езеро Мнема, romanized: ezero Mnema, IPA:) is the oval-shaped 220 m long in southwest–northeast direction and 85 m wide lake on the northwest coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It has a surface area of 1.3 ha and is separated from the waters of Barclay Bay by a 12 to 40 m wide strip of land. The lake and its vicinity lie in a restricted zone of scientific importance to Antarctic microbiology, part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area Byers Peninsula.
The feature is named after Mneme, the nymph of memory in Greek mythology.

## Location

Mneme Lake is situated on Ivanov Beach just west of Rowe Point and centred at 62°35′40.7″S 60°54′30″W﻿ / ﻿62.594639°S 60.90833°W﻿ / -62.594639; -60.90833, which is 2.5 km northeast of Bilyar Point. Bulgarian mapping of the area in 2009 and 2017.

## Maps

* L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4
* L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017. ISBN 978-619-90008-3-0
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
# Place of authentication

A place of authentication (Hungarian: hiteleshely; Latin: locus credibilis) was a characteristic institution of medieval Hungarian law. Places of authentication were cathedral chapters and monasteries authorized to provide notarial services, including the issuing of authentic copies of documents.
# Dasht-e Kuch-e Pain

Dasht-e Kuch-e Pain (Persian: دشتكوچ پائين, also Romanized as Dasht-e Kūch-e Pā’īn; also known as Dasht-e Kūch, Dasht-i-Kūch, Dasht Kooch, and Dasht Kūch) is a village in Dowlatabad Rural District, in the Central District of Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 243, in 58 families.
# Nilavareh-ye Sofla

Nilavareh-ye Sofla (Persian: نيلاوره سفلي, also Romanized as Nīlāvareh-ye Soflá; also known as Nīlāvareh and Nīlawa) is a village in Sanjabi Rural District, Kuzaran District, Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 186, in 36 families.
# 183rd Volksgrenadier Division

The 183rd Volksgrenadier Division (German: 183. Volksgrenadier-Division) was a German unit during World War II.

## History

In September 1944 the 183 Volksgrenadier Division was formed of what was left of the 183rd Infantry Division, complemented by non-fighting military personnel (from navy and air force) and civilians. The 183rd Infantry Division had come into existence on 15 September 1944, having been formed from the so-called Schatten-Division Döllersheim.
At the end of November Grenadier-Regiment 330 was destroyed at Geilenkirchen during a massive allied offensive against the German positions between the rivers Wurm and Ruhr, between Geilenkirchen and Linnich. Aim of the Ninth US Army was the Rur crossing at Linnich, which would open the way to Cologne. The offensive was called Operation Queen and was launched on 16 November. The 330th Infantry Regiment of the 183rd Volksgrenadier Division was holding the front line at Floverich, Loverich and Setterich, where the Americans attacked with the 2nd Armored Division. During the afternoon 330th Regiment was virtually wiped out, more than five hundred "grenadiers" being captured from the regiment's possible strength of one thousand men. The total killed and wounded could not be estimated but it is believed that not over 250 men remained in the unit.
The offensive would eventually last until mid-December, which the Germans called "the third battle of Aachen" (Dritte Schlacht um Aachen) . In this period the German units in the area counterattacked continuously. By 21 November, after five days of serious combat, the number of casualties within 183 Volksgrenadier Division had risen beyond an acceptable level, and the division was unable to continue fighting as an independent unit. Remaining troops of the 183rd were divided among the other German divisions, the 9th Panzer Division and 15th Panzergrenadier Division that were present in the area east of Geilenkirchen.

## Organisation

The 183rd Division included Grenadier Regiments 330, 343 and 351, each of two battalions, as well as Artillery Regiment 219, consisting of four battalions. The composition of the division was enhanced on 19 October 1944 by the absorption of the XVI Landwehr-Festungs-Battalion and Festungs-MG-Battalion 42. Part of the division was made up of raw and ill-trained Austrians.

## Commanders

The 183 Volksgrenadier Division was under command of Generalmajor Wolfgang Lange since 15 September 1944. Lange also commanded the 49 Infanterie Division during their actions in the battle of Aachen. He received the Knight's Cross (Ritterkreuz) on 14 May 1944.
On 25 February 1945 command of the 183 Volksgrenadier Division was taken over by Generalmajor Hinrich Warrelmann.

## Footnotes

* Tessin, Georg (1973). "Die Landstreitkräfte 131—200". Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939—1945 (in German). Vol. 7. Frankfurt/Main: E.S. Mittler. pp. 219–220.