OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oregon in the American Civil War

At the outbreak of the American Civil War, Oregon had no organised militia and had sold most of the equipment bought for the Rogue River Wars. The state's governor, John Whiteaker, was pro-slavery and opposed to Oregon's involvement in the conflict. As such, it was only in late 1862 with a new governor that the state raised any troops: the 1st Oregon Cavalry served until June 1865.
During the Civil War, emigrants to the newfound gold fields in Idaho and Oregon continued to clash with the Paiute, Shoshone and Bannock tribes of Oregon, Idaho and Nevada until relations degenerated into the bloody 1864–1868 Snake War. The 1st Oregon Volunteer Infantry Regiment was formed in 1864 and its last company was mustered out of service in July 1867. Both units were used to guard travel routes and Indian reservations, escort emigrant wagon trains, and protect settlers from Indian raiders. Several infantry detachments also accompanied survey parties and built roads in central and southern Oregon.
Oregon's second United States Senator, Col. Edward Dickinson Baker was killed while leading Union troops at the Battle of Ball's Bluff near Leesburg, Virginia on October 21, 1861. His death in battle occurred exactly one month after another Oregonian, Captain James W. Lingenfelter of Company B, 71st Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, was killed while on the picket line. In civilian life, Captain Lingenfelter had been a practicing attorney in Jacksonville, Oregon. He had been visiting in the East when the war started and enlisted to serve with Colonel Baker.

## Oregon regiments in the Civil War

* 1st Oregon Cavalry
* 1st Oregon Volunteer Infantry Regiment
* Mountain Rangers (Oregon Militia)
* Washington Guards (Oregon Militia)
* Fenian Guards (Oregon Militia)
* Zouave Cadets (Oregon Militia)
* Marion Rifles (Oregon Militia)

## Civil War posts, Oregon

* Fort Dalles, Oregon, (1850–1867)
* Fort Yamhill, Oregon (1856–1866)
* Fort Hoskins, Oregon, (1857–1865)
* Siletz Blockhouse, Oregon (1858–1866)
* Camp Baker, Oregon (1862–1865),
* Camp Barlow, Oregon, (1862)
* Camp Clackamas, Oregon, (1862)
* Post at Grand Ronde Indian Agency or Fort Lafayette, Oregon 1863,
* Fort Klamath, Oregon, (1863–1890)
* Fort at Point Adams, Oregon (1863–1865)
* Fort Stevens, Oregon (1865–1947)
* Camp Alvord, Oregon (1864–1866)
* Camp Dalgren, Oregon (1864)
* Camp Henderson, Oregon, 1864–1866
* Camp Lincoln, Oregon 1864
* Camp Maury, Oregon 1864
* Camp Russell, Oregon 1864–1865
* Camp Watson, Oregon 1864–1869
* Camp Colfax, Oregon, 1865, 1867
* Camp Currey, Oregon 1865–1866
* Camp Logan, Oregon (1865–1868)
* Camp Lyon, Oregon (1865–1869)
* Camp Polk, Oregon (1865–1866)
* Camp on Silvies River, Oregon (1864?)
* Camp Wright, Oregon (1865–1866)
* Old Camp Warner, Oregon (1866–1867)
* Camp Warner, Oregon (1867–1874)
# Modern Times (novel)

Wenming Xiaoshi (Chinese: 文明小史), translated into English as Modern Times, is a novel by Li Baojia (Li Boyuan). The novel is a satire of pseudo-reformers in the Qing Dynasty period who found difficulty adjusting to modernization, including its complexities and problems. The novel consist of 60 chapters. It has often been compared to Li's other novel Officialdom Unmasked. From 1903 to 1905 the work was serialized in Fiction Illustrated. The first edition of the entire work was published in 1906. Douglas Lancashire published an English translation, titled "Modern Times," in 1996.

## Plot

The background of the novel is that in the late Qing Dynasty, China's borders were opened by the West. At that time, conservative Chinese people saw the strong ship and sharp cannon of modern Western civilization, leading to the rise of the reformist movement, and many people were sent to study abroad. The article adopts a "Zhulian style" structure, without the protagonist and central character. Their stories unfold one after another, interconnected, and finally concluded in the final chapter.

## Characters

* Master Yao - He is a provincial degree holder with a son. In chapter 16, Master Yao takes his son and three disciplines to Shanghai in order to show them what Western life looks like to them. Master Yao has them explore the city and familiarize themselves with the academic programs at schools in the area.
# Kid Is Gone

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Pitchfork | 8.0/10 |
| Popmatters | 7/10 |
Kid Is Gone is a 3 LP box set compilation of early recordings by the band Unwound. It documents demos, singles, live recordings, and the material that made up their first-recorded (but fourth-released) album Unwound (1995). It was released September 17, 2013 by The Numero Group as part 1 of a 4-part reissue series.

## Track listing
### Caterpillar
#### Side A

* Bionic
* LD-50
* Lying at Best
* Stumbling Block
* Whilst You're Ahead
* Rubber Band Heart
* Crab Nebula

#### Side B

* Caterpillar
* Miserific Condition
* Love and Fear
* You Speak Jealousy

### Unwound
#### Side C

* Antifreeze
* Rising Blood
* Understand & Forget
* Fingertips
* You Bite My Tongue
* Stuck in the Middle of Nowhere Again

#### Side D

* Warmth
* Prospect
* Kid Is Gone (Chant of Vengeance)
* Kandy Korn Rituals
* Against
* I'd Die to Know You
* Sugarfit

### Chant of Vengeance
#### Side E

* Understand & Forget (KAOS Session)
* Miserific Condition (KAOS Session)
* Against (KAOS Session)
* Ape Skins (KAOS Session)
* Awkward (KAOS Session)

#### Side F

* Antifreeze (Live)
* Rising Blood (Live)
* Prospect (Live)
* Stuck in the Middle of Nowhere Again (Live)
* Hating in D (Live)
# Huntingdon Castle

Huntingdon Castle was situated in the town of Huntingdon in Cambridgeshire (grid reference TL240714).

## History

In 1068 a Norman motte and bailey castle was built for William the Conqueror. During the Anarchy the castle was held by David, King of Scotland through his marriage to Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon. He supported Empress Matilda in a war of succession and the castle was much damaged at this time. However, when the succession was settled, David's son Henry paid homage to King Stephen who in turn gave him the borough of Huntingdon in addition to the castle.
By 1173 the castle was still held by the kings of Scotland, at that time by William the Lion. He had sided with Henry, the rebel son of Henry II, during the Revolt of 1173–1174, and the castle was besieged by Richard de Luci. The siege was taken over by Simon de St. Lis but it did not end until Henry II (who had just performed penance at the tomb of Thomas Becket) arrived at Huntingdon. The siege ended the following day and Henry then ordered that the castle be dismantled (slighted). The Pipe Rolls recorded that 7s 8d was spent on dismantling the palisade. According to historian Sidney Painter, it was one of at least 21 castles demolished on Henry II's instructions.
Parts of the castle did remain, including the chapel, and its ownership passed through a number of hands. The castle was refortified during the Civil War. For a time it served as the county gaol, and later a windmill stood on the castle mound. Nothing now remains of the castle itself apart from its earthworks, although the site is a scheduled ancient monument.
# Incredibilmente donna

"Incredibilmente donna" (Italian for "Incredibly Woman") is a song by French singer Amanda Lear released in 1982 by Ariola Records.

## Song information

"Incredibilmente donna" was Lear's first single, since her debut "La Bagarre", not to be produced by her usual collaborator Anthony Monn. Instead, the song was written by Italian composers Sergio Menegale and Raffaele Ferrato, produced by Arturo Zitelli, and recorded in Milan. It was a departure from the disco-dance style and showcased a more traditional pop-oriented sound with symphonic arrangement.
The single promoted Lear's greatest hits compilation Ieri, oggi, released exclusively on the Italian market. The B-side of the single was another Italian-language song "Buon viaggio" (English: "Have a Good Journey"), written by Maurizio Piccoli and Renato Pareti. "Incredibilmente donna" was heavily promoted on television in Italy. It was used as the theme song in the 1982/1983 season of the TV show Premiatissima which Amanda hosted at that time, and was played during end credits. The single was a Top 40 chart hit in Italy.

## Music video

The music video for the song was filmed in the bluescreen technique. It presents Amanda performing the song alternately solo and accompanied by background dancers. A different version of the video excludes the scenes with dancers and instead adds footage of the singer changing outfits behind folding screens.

## Track listing

* 7" Single
    A. "Incredibilmente donna" – 3:56
    B. "Buon viaggio" – 3:33
# Woman's Hour (band)

Woman's Hour was a British indie pop four-piece band based in London, England. The group was formed by siblings Fiona and William Burgess, along with Nicolas Graves and Josh Hunnisett. They played their first show in 2011, and released their debut album Conversations on Secretly Canadian in 2014. In December 2018 the band announced they would be breaking up after the release of their second album Ephyra.

## History

After graduating with a degree in drama and applied theatre in 2011, front-woman Fiona, paired up with William who was already producing and making records. Woman's Hour got their name from the London female-focused news and culture show on BBC Radio 4. They catalogued their demos by different Radio 4 programs and the demo name Woman's Hour was adopted as the band's name.
They have graphics and monochrome visuals that were curated with TATE Modern and MoMA certified fine artists Oliver Chanarin and Adam Broomberg.
Their debut album, Conversations, received a 10/10 score and the award of Debut Album Of The Year in The Line Of Best Fit for 2014 and 9/10 at Drowned in Sound among others. In December 2018 the group announced they would be splitting up after the release of their second album Ephyra and a tour of the UK. The band's final show was at the Dome in Tufnell Park, north London on 22 March 2019.

## Musical style

Allmusic described their musical style as "a signature sound of synths and subtlety".

## Discography
### Albums

* 2014: Conversations
* 2019: Ephyra
# William McFarland

William, Willie, Billy, Bill, or Will named McFarland or MacFarland may refer to:

## Musicians

* Bill McFarland, American trombonist who played for Southside Movement in 1973–75
* Will McFarland, American guitarist on 1979's Dream Master (album)#Credits and personnel

## Politicians

* William Hamilton MacFarland (1799–1872), American legislator from Virginia
* William McFarland (Tennessee politician) (1821–1900), American politician from Tennessee
* William M. McFarland (1848–1905), American politician from Iowa
* William Henry McFarland (1890–?), American politician, member of the Virginia House of Delegates
* William McFarland, Canadian alderman elected in the 1935 Hamilton, Ontario municipal election

## Sports figures

* Bill MacFarland (1932–2011), Canadian-born American ice hockey player
* Bill McFarland, American football player on 1961 Oklahoma State Cowboys football team
* Willie McFarland, British jockey; 1990 winner of Adonis Juvenile Novices' Hurdle#Winners

## Other persons

* Billy McFarland (loyalist), Northern Irish paramilitary, also known as "The Mexican"
* Billy McFarland (born 1991), American convicted felon
* William McFarland (security officer), Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives
# Aubrey Smith

Aubrey Smith may refer to:
* Aubrey Henry Smith (1814–1891), lawyer, U.S. district attorney and railroad executive
* Sir C. Aubrey Smith (1863–1948), English actor and cricketer
* Sir Aubrey Smith (Royal Navy officer) (1872–1957), British admiral
* Aubrey Smith (long jumper) (born 1988), Jamaican long jumper
# Jasma Odan

Jasma Odan is a folk deity from medieval Gujarat about a woman who committed sati to protect her honor after her husband was murdered by Siddharaj Jaisinh, a king of Chaulukya dynasty.

## Legend

Jasma was a wife of Rooda who was a pond digger. They belonged to the Odh rajput tribe, a drifting tribe of laborers in Gujarat, Kathiawar, and some parts of Rajasthan. They were at Anhilwad Patan to dig Sahastralinga Tank, a lake and thousand shrines with lingam. Siddharaj Jaisinh, a king of Chaulukya dynasty, was captivated by the beauty of Jasma and proposed marriage. He offered to make her queen of Gujarat but she refused. Jaisinh killed her husband. She committed sati, by jumping into the pyre, to protect her honor. Her curse made the tank of Sahasralinga waterless and Siddharaj without an heir to his kingdom of Gujarat.
The Jasmadevi temple dedicated to her, constructed by the Odh rajput tribe in the 12th century, is situated near Sahasralinga Tank at Patan, Gujarat.

## Popular culture

A Bhavai vesha, a folk theatre form based on legend, has been performed since the nineteenth century. It was recreated for a stage performance titled Jasma Odan by Shanta Gandhi in 1982. The 1926 Indian silent film Sati Jasma about the folk deity was created by Homi Master. It starred Gohar Mamajiwala and Khalil in the lead roles. A Gujarati film titled Sati Jasma Odan was directed by Chandrakant Sanghani in 1976. The songs of the film were penned by Kanti Ashok and music was composed by Mahesh Naresh.
# Bombardier Talent 2

The Talent 2 is a electric multiple unit manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. The train began production in 2008 and first entered service with Deutsche Bahn in 2011.
Despite having the same name as the original Talent, designed by Waggonfabrik Talbot and later acquired by Bombardier, for the most part it does not share technical details with that train, except for the rounded sides and doorways. The crash-optimized design of the cab ends have led to the units acquiring the nickname "Hamsterbacke" (Hamster Cheeks). The Talent 3 is the successor of the Talent 2.

## Operations

| Class | Entry into service | Cars per set | Number | Operator |
| 442.2 | November 2011 | 4 | 42 | Deutsche Bahn Nuremberg S-Bahn |
| 442.0 | December 2011 | 2 | 5 | Deutsche Bahn Mosel |
| 442.2 | December 2011 | 4 | 8 | Deutsche Bahn Mosel |
| 442.1 | May 2012 | 3 | 26 | Deutsche Bahn Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg |
| 442.3 | May 2012 | 5 | 22 | Deutsche Bahn Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg |
| 442.1 | June 2012 | 3 | 3 | Deutsche Bahn Rhein-Sieg-Express |
| 442.2 | June 2012 | 4 | 10 | Deutsche Bahn Rhein-Sieg-Express |
| 442.3 | June 2012 | 5 | 2 | Deutsche Bahn Rhein-Sieg-Express |
| 442.1 | September 2012 | 3 | 5 | Deutsche Bahn Franken-Thüringen-Express |
| 442.2 | September 2012 | 4 | 9 | Deutsche Bahn Franken-Thüringen-Express |
| 442.3 | September 2012 | 5 | 8 | Deutsche Bahn Franken-Thüringen-Express |
| 442.1 | September 2012 | 3 | 4 | Deutsche Bahn Dresden-Leipzig |
| 442.3 | September 2012 | 5 | 4 | Deutsche Bahn Dresden-Leipzig |
| 442.0 | December 2012 | 2 | 3 | Deutsche Bahn Dresden-Leipzig |
| 442.2 | December 2012 | 4 | 3 | Deutsche Bahn Dresden-Leipzig |
| 442.1 | March 2013 | 3 | 6 | Deutsche Bahn Mittelhessen-Express |
| 442.2 | March 2013 | 4 | 16 | Deutsche Bahn Mittelhessen-Express |
| 442.1 | July 2013 | 3 | 8 | Deutsche Bahn Elbe-Elster |
| 442.0 | August 2013 | 2 | 3 | Deutsche Bahn Werdenfelsbahn |
| 2442.2 | August 2013 | 4 | 34 | Deutsche Bahn Werdenfelsbahn |
| 1442.1 | August 2013 | 3 | 36 | Deutsche Bahn S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland |
| 1442.2 | August 2013 | 4 | 15 | Deutsche Bahn S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland |
| 1442.1 | September 2013 | 3 | 2 | Südwestdeutsche Verkehrs-Aktiengesellschaft (SWEG) |
| 442.3 | October 2013 | 5 | 23 | Deutsche Bahn Rostock S-Bahn |
| 1442.1 | December 2015 | 3 | 19 | Deutsche Bahn S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland |
| 1442.3 | December 2015 | 5 | 10 | Deutsche Bahn S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland |
| 9442.1 | December 2015 | 3 | 20 | Abellio Deutschland Mitteldeutschland |
| 9442.3 | December 2015 | 5 | 15 | Abellio Deutschland Mitteldeutschland |
| 9442.1 | December 2015 | 3 | 35 | National Express |
| 9442.3 | December 2015 | 5 | 5 | National Express |
| 3442.2 | December 2017 | 4 | 16 | Deutsche Bahn Netz Gäu-Murr |
| 8442.1 | June 2019 - June 2020 | 3 | 24 | formerly Abellio Rail Baden-Württemberg, now SWEG Baden-Württemberg |
| 8442.3 | June 2019 - June 2020 | 5 | 19 | formerly Abellio Rail Baden-Württemberg, now SWEG Baden-Württemberg |
# Micrelaps muelleri

    Common names: Müller's black-headed snake, Mueller's two-headed snake, Muller's snake.
Micrelaps muelleri is a species of mildly venomous rear-fanged snake in the family Lamprophiidae. The species is endemic to the Middle East.

## Taxonomy

There are no subspecies of M. muelleri that are recognized as being valid. M. muelleri is the type species for the genus Micrelaps.

## Etymology

The specific name, muelleri, is in honor of Swiss herpetologist Fritz Müller.

## Geographic range

Micrelaps muelleri is found in Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria.

## Description

Micrelaps muelleri is black, with whitish zigzag-edged rings, which may be narrower or wider than the spaces between them, mostly interrupted ventrally.
Adults may attain a total length of 40.5 cm (15.9 in), which includes a tail 3 cm (1.2 in) long.
The dorsal scales are smooth, without apical pits, and arranged in 15 rows at midbody. The ventrals number 251–275. The anal plate is divided. The subcaudals, which are also divided, number 26–32.
The head is very flattened. The rostral is nearly twice as broad as deep, just visible from above. The internasals are a little broader than long, shorter than the prefrontals. The frontal is small, not broader than the supraocular, 1⅔ times as long as broad, hardly as long as its distance from the rostral, half as long as the parietals. Each supraocular is as long as broad. A small postocular is in contact with the first temporal. The temporals are arranged 1+1 or 1+2. There are seven upper labials, the third and fourth entering the eye. There are three or four lower labials in contact with the anterior chin shield. The anterior chin shields are as long as the posterior chin shields.

## Reproduction

Micrelaps muelleri is oviparous.

## Habitat

The preferred habitats of M. muelleri include Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, and arable land.

## Conservation status

Micrelaps muelleri is classified as "least concern" (LC) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Although its range is relatively restricted, there are not believed to be major threats to it. It is present in some protected areas.
# Donald Elliott

Donald Elliott may refer to:
* Donald B. Elliott (1931–2024), member of the Maryland House of Delegates
* Donnie Elliott (born 1968), baseball player
* Donald R. Elliott, visual effects artist
* Don Elliott (1926–1984), American jazz musician
* Don Elliott Heald (1922–2009), American radio announcer
* Don Elliot (rower) (born 1929), English rower
* Donald H. Elliott (1932–2021), American urban planner
* Don Elliott (cricketer) from List of Rhodesian representative cricketers
# Peterborough–Quorn railway line

The Peterborough–Quorn railway line was a 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) railway line on the South Australian Railways network. Located in the upper Mid North of South Australia, it opened from Peterborough to Orroroo on 23 November 1881, being extended to Quorn on 22 May 1882.

## History

Following the opening of the Trans-Australian Railway in 1917 it became part of the main east-west railway across Australia from Sydney to Perth. This ceased in 1937 when the Trans-Australian Railway was altered to operate via Port Pirie.
At the time it was built, Quorn was on the Central Australia Railway from Port Augusta to Alice Springs, and Peterborough was on the Port Pirie–Broken Hill railway line from Port Pirie to Broken Hill.
It closed between Eurelia and Quorn on 3 March 1987, and Peterborough and Eurelia on 22 November 1988. After closure, part of the line was used by the Steamtown Peterborough Railway Preservation Society.
The stations south to north on the line were Peterborough, Black Rock, Orroroo, Walloway, Eurelia, Carrieton, Moockra, Hammond, Bruce and Quorn.
# Vladas Butėnas

Vladas Butėnas (15 July 1940 – 15 May 2009) was a Lithuanian journalist, politician and member of the Seimas.

## Biography

Butėnas was born in Anykščiai, Lithuania, on 15 July 1940.
Initially earning a qualification as zootechnologist, Butėnas worked as a zootechnician near Kuršėnai. In 1961, he enrolled at the Vilnius University, graduating in 1968 with a degree in journalism. During his studies and afterwards, he worked for various branches of local Soviet administration. In 1974, he graduated from the Higher Party School in Moscow and started working at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania. In 1980 he received his doctoral degree in history. In 1983–1984, Butėnas worked for the Soviet embassy in Afghanistan.
Butėnas left the Central Committee in 1988 and became the editor of Valstiečių laikraštis (The Peasants' Newspaper), where he worked until it was privatized in 1992. Butėnas joined the ranks of Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania (LDDP) after the restoration of independence. In the elections in 1992, he represented LDDP and was elected as the member of the Sixth Seimas in the single seat constituency of Šilutė (32).
Butėnas died on 15 May 2009.
# Irena Andriukaitienė

Irena Andrukaitienė (born 6 September 1948 in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian politician. In 1990 she was among those who signed the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.
# Skafidia

Skafidia (Greek: Σκαφιδιά) is a village and a community in the municipality of Pyrgos, Elis, Greece. It is situated on the Ionian Sea coast, at the foot of a low hill. It is 1 km north of Leventochori, 3 km southwest of Myrtia and 11 km northwest of Pyrgos. The community includes the small villages Kalakaiika and Patronikolaiika. The site of the ancient town of Dyspontium is within its area.

## Population

| Year | Settlement population | Community population |
| 1981 | - | 215 |
| 1991 | 88 | - |
| 2001 | 128 | 231 |
| 2011 | 122 | 211 |
| 2021 | 151 | 248 |
# Kahriz, Urmia

Kahriz (Persian: كهريز, Azerbaijani: Kəhriz also Romanized as Kahrīz) is a village in Anzal-e Jonubi Rural District, Anzal District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,553, in 560 families. This village populated by Azerbaijanians with Sunni Hanafi religion.
# Genes Reunited

Genes Reunited, originally known as Genes Connected, is a genealogy website that was launched in the UK in 2003 as a sister-site to Friends Reunited. It has over 13 million members and over 780 million names listed.

## History

Steve and Julie Pankhurst, the creators of Friends Reunited originally formed Genes Connected in 2003 as a sister-site to Friends Reunited, It was later rebranded as Genes Reunited and was sold to ITV in 2005. Genes Reunited was part of the group that was sold to Brightsolid in 2009.
It is now one of the family history brands, including findmypast, that are owned by DC Thomson

## Features

Members are able to build their family tree by posting it on the site and investigating which ancestors they share with other members. Online community boards give members the opportunity to chat and share advice. They can also upload and share family photos and documents. Each name added to a family tree is given a profile where all information can be stored.
A subset of records from the parent company Findmypast can be accessed, on a pay-as-you-go basis, or by subscription. They can also search historical records, such as census records from England, Wales and Scotland and birth, marriage and death records dating from 1837 to 2006.
# Yoldüzü, Besni

Yoldüzü (Kurdish: Mirixtil) is a village in the Besni District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 511 in 2021.