OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Twelve Apostles Stone Circle

The Twelve Apostles (grid reference NX9470079400) is a large stone circle located between the villages of Holywood and Newbridge, near Dumfries, Scotland. It is the seventh largest stone circle in Britain and the largest on the mainland of Scotland. It is similar in design to the stone circles of Cumbria, and is considered to be an outlier of this group. Its south-westerly arrangement aligns it with the midwinter sunset.
It is a scheduled ancient monument.

## Description

The circle is composed of eleven stones, of which five are earthfast; however, there were originally twelve. A plan taken by Francis Grose in 1789 shows twelve stones and the First Statistical Account, published two years later, records the same number. One of the stones was removed before 1837, when the New Statistical Account entry for Holywood was compiled. The 25 inch Ordnance Survey map of 1850 shows twelve stones in the circle, but this is due to an accidental spot of blue ink on the original plan which was carried on to published work.
Local traditions recorded in the nineteenth century associate the stones with the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ, and link the removed twelfth stone with Judas Iscariot. W. C. Lukis notes that in one tradition the stones were said to be set up by the apostles.
The tallest upright stone is around 1.9 m (6 ft 3 in) tall. The longest, lying in the south-western sector, is 3.2 m (10 ft) long. The circle measures 89 m (292 ft) at its maximum diameter. It is not a true circle in formation; rather, it is an example of Alexander Thom's Type B 'flattened circle'.
All but one of the stones are Silurian rock; the other being Porphyry. Four, including the Porphyry rock, are natural boulders; the rest have been quarried. The nearest occurrence of Silurian rock is two miles away, near Irongray Church.
The Easthill stone circle is 3¾ miles SSW west of the Twelve Apostles. There was another stone circle a mile east near the River Nith but this was destroyed and used for building material before the New Statistical Account was compiled. Nearby are two cursuses, one of which, if extended, would run towards the circle.
In 1882 it was reported that a four inch bronze figure was uncovered at the circle some years before. This has since been identified as Saint Norbert, founder of the Premonstratensian order and dated to the twelfth century. It is now housed in the Dumfries Museum.
# Tynron Doon

55°13′31″N 3°51′25″W﻿ / ﻿55.2254°N 3.8570°W﻿ / 55.2254; -3.8570 Tynron Doon is a multivallate Iron Age hill fort outside the village of Tynron in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It was occupied on and off from the 1st millennium BC until the 16th century, when an L-shaped tower house stood there. Tynron Doon lies at the southern end of the Scaur hills.

## Description

The original site is thought to be a multivallate hill fort dating to the Iron Age, of much the same plan as the modern (20th C.) remains.
The site is itself a spur hill of Auchengibbert Hill, and reaches 289 metres (948 ft) in height. The summit has an approximately oval plateau, of 40 by 45 metres (131 by 148 ft) in extent. The fort was built in a natural defensive position defended by steep slopes on the north, south and east sides. The western approach was made defensive by the addition of three ditches and two ramparts, with some of the ditches rock-cut.
In the 15th century the hill was the site of one of nine beacons maintained by the Sheriffs of Nithsdale and Annandale.
In the late medieval era (c. 16th C.) an L-shaped tower house was built in the northwest corner of the central area, with floor plan of roughly 20 by 42 feet (6.1 by 12.8 m); a smaller 8 by 10 feet (2.4 by 3.0 m) extension to the northwest is speculated to have been a tower stair.
The tower house is thought to have been demolished between 1700 and 1750, used to build the church in Tynron (Tynron Kirk) and a barmkin wall fortification enclosing the summit may have been added in around the same period.
A hut circle dating to the 18th/19th C. is thought to have been a shepherd's bothy.
# Logie

Logie may refer to:

## Places in Scotland

* Logie, Dundee, a residential area in the City of Dundee
* Logie, Fife, a village and parish of east Fife
* Logie Coldstone, an Aberdeenshire village north of the River Dee
* Logie House Garden, Logie Estate, Logie, Forres, Moray, IV36 2QN
* Logie Kirk, Stirlingshire

## People
### By surname

* George Logie-Smith (1914–2007), an Australian conductor, music examiner, and music educator
* Gus Logie (born 1960), a Trinidad and Tobago cricketer and former wicketkeeper for the West Indies cricket team
* John H. Logie, Mayor of Grand Rapids, Michigan from 1992 to 2003
* Jimmy Logie (1919–1984), Scottish footballer
* Willie Logie (1932–2016), Scottish footballer
* Willy Logie, a retired Belgian professional darts player
* W. S. Loggie

### By given name

* James Logie Robertson (1846–1922), a literary scholar, editor and author, who also used the pen name Hugh Haliburton
* John Logie Baird, the inventor of television
* Logie Bruce Lockhart (1921–2020), a British writer and journalist, formerly a Scottish rugby union player and headmaster of Gresham's School
* Thomas Logie MacDonald (1901–1973), Scottish astronomer and politician and eponym of lunar crater McDonald

## Other uses

* Logie Awards, the Australian television industry awards
* "The Laird O Logie", children's ballad
* Logie, a House in Wallace High School, Stirling
# Frank Blair (journalist)

Frank S. Blair Jr. (May 30, 1915 – March 14, 1995) was a broadcast journalist for NBC News, perhaps best known for being the news anchor on the Today program from 1953 to 1975.

## Early years

Blair was born on May 30, 1915, in Yemassee, South Carolina. His family moved to Walterboro, South Carolina, during his infancy and later moved to Charleston, South Carolina.
He was a Boy Scout, attaining the rank of Eagle Scout in 1930. As an adult, he was honored with the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award. He attended the College of Charleston prior to beginning his broadcasting career in various radio stations in South Carolina in the 1930s, leaving his pre-med studies at the college to join a theatrical touring company.

## Radio

Blair's radio debut was at WCSC in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1935. Later that year, he joined WIS in Columbia, South Carolina, as a newscaster. In 1937, he became program director at WFBC in Greenville, South Carolina. Several months later, he left there to join WOL in Washington, D.C., where his job included announcing for the Mutual Broadcasting System.
When NBC radio's Monitor weekend program began in 1955, Blair was one of the first news anchors.

## Military service

Beginning in 1942, Blair served in the U.S. Navy as a flight instructor and transport pilot during World War II before resuming his broadcast career after the war.

## Television

In 1951, Blair began his television career as the host of Heritage, an NBC cultural series broadcast live from Washington's National Gallery of Art. From 1951 to 1953, he was the moderator of Georgetown University Forum on the DuMont Television Network. Blair became the news editor and on-air newscaster for Today in 1953, continuing in those roles until he retired in 1975.
Stephen Battaglio, in his book, From Yesterday to Today: Six Decades of America's Favorite Morning Show, described Blair as "a protege of legendary broadcaster Lowell Thomas and a consummate professional." Cathleen M. Londino opined in her book, The Today Show: Transforming Morning Television that one "reason for his success seemed to be that because he was so expressionless in reading the news, he read it in a completely objective manner. 'One could never tell where he stood on what he was reading. In all of his 22 years on the air, nobody can remember hearing him express a single viewpoint.'"

## Personal life

Blair and his wife, Lillian had eight children. He retired from NBC in 1975 to Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. In 1979, he published his autobiography, Let's be Frank About It, in which he discussed his life and career, including some bouts with alcoholism.

## Death

Blair died in Hilton Head in 1995, 20 years to the day from his final NBC broadcast.
# Roberto Tristán

Roberto Carlos Tristán Jorges (born 6 May 1983) is a Peruvian football manager and former player who played as a defender. He is the current manager of Deportivo Garcilaso's reserve team.

## Playing career

Born in Chincha Alta, Tristán never played in any higher than Segunda División during his career. He represented Sport Águila, Sport Huamanga, León de Huánuco, Defensor San José, Universidad Ucayali, Alianza Universidad and Sport Victoria, winning the Copa Perú with León in 2009.

## Managerial career

After being an assistant of Mifflin Bermúdez at Sport La Vid in 2015, Tristán was named manager of Sport Huancayo's reserve team Sport Manchete for the 2016 season. In 2017, he returned to Sport La Vid.
On 21 March 2018, Tristán was named in charge of ADT. On 10 May, he replaced Bermúdez at the helm of León de Huánuco, before taking over Deportivo Llacuabamba for the 2019 campaign.
Tristán left Llacuabamba on 5 December 2019, after winning the Copa Perú. He returned to ADT the following 13 January, before returning to León on 12 August 2021.
On 6 September 2021, Tristán was appointed Deportivo Verdecocha manager. He started the 2022 season in charge of Inkas FC, being knocked out in the semifinals of the provincial leagues by Deportivo Garcilaso after fielding an ineligible player; on 6 July of that year, he took over Garcilaso.
Tristán led Garcilaso to the top tier, but was sacked on 16 April 2023; late in the month, he was announced back at the club, but as manager of the reserves.

## Honours
### Player

León de Huánuco
* Copa Perú: 2009

### Manager

Deportivo Llacuabamba
* Copa Perú: 2019
Deportivo Garcilaso
* Copa Perú: 2022
# Cripple Creek (folk song)

"Cripple Creek" is an Appalachian-style old time tune and folk song, often played on the fiddle or banjo, listed as number 3434 in the Roud Folk Song Index.
The lyrics are probably no older than the year 1900, and the tune is of unknown origin. It has become a standard among bluegrass musicians and is often one of the first songs a banjo picker learns.

## Origin and context

Its time of composition is unknown, and according to Bob Coltman, the tune is probably older than the lyrics.
The most famous Cripple Creek is Cripple Creek, Colorado, where a mining town was formed after gold was discovered there in 1891. However most traditional Virginia musicians believe that the song refers to Cripple Creek, Virginia.

## Score

Simplified version of the basic melody (A part followed by B part).

## Lyrics

The following are lyrics from a 1909 version included in the Journal of American Folklore, 1915.
       Goin' to Cripple Creek, goin' ter Rome (roam),
       Goin' ter Cripple Creek, goin' back home.
       See them women layin' in the shade,
       Waitin' fer the money them men have made.
       Roll my breeches ter my knees
       En wade ol' Cripple Creek when I please.
          "(From East Tennessee; mountain whites; from memory; 1909)":
       Goin' to Cripple Creek, going in a run;
       Goin' to Cripple Creek to have my fun.
          "(From South Carolina; country whites, MS. of Mr. Bryan; 1909)":
When Cecil Sharp collected folksongs in the Appalachian Mountains in 1917 he found two versions of "Cripple Creek", one from Lizzie Abner of Oneida, Kentucky and another from Alice Wilson of Pineville, Kentucky, a variant which begins "Buck Creek Girls, don't you want to go to Somerset?"

## Recordings

The first recording was in 1924 by Sam Jones (also known as Stovepipe No. 1), a black one-man-band. The Skillet Lickers recorded the song later in the same year. Luther Strong was recorded in 1937 by the Library of Congress singing the song.
Buffy Sainte-Marie recorded "Cripple Creek" for her 1964 album It's My Way!
Tony Saletan performed a banjo instrumental of "Cripple Creek" on Episode 27 (December 16, 1969) of the first season of Sesame Street to accompany a limberjack demonstration.
Leo Kottke performed a fingerpicked acoustic guitar arrangement on his 1971 album Mudlark.
"Uncle" Homer Walker performed the song in 1978 for the album Virginia Traditions - Non-Blues Secular Black Music (Smithsonian Folkways)
U. S. Senator Robert Byrd recorded the song for his 1978 album Mountain Fiddler.
Rising Appalachia recorded the song for their 2015 album Wider Circles.
2nd South Carolina String Band recorded (along with Old Joe Clark and The Girl I Left Behind Me,in the same recording) the song for the album Aint Dead Yet! (2017)
Italian singer-songwriter Stefano Rosso recorded his own version for the album 'Banjoman' in 2003.
# Mlechino

Mlechino (Bulgarian: Млечино) is a village in Ardino Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern-central Bulgaria. It is located 194.184 kilometres (120.660 mi) southeast of Sofia. It covers an area of 5.423 square kilometres and as of 2007 it had a population of 314 people.

## Landmarks

In Mlechino, a fountain reputed to have healing qualities can be found. Local lore claims the water, which flows from the roots of birch trees, can treat kidney ailments. Nearby, the only natural birch forest in the Rhodope Mountains is found.
About 3 kilometers north of Mlechino, the Mlechino Hut offers lodging for visitors exploring the area.
Northward, about 8 kilometers between Gorno and Dolno Prahovo, a mosque complex is located. This site features a mosque, a school, a stone fountain, and a tomb. Renovations were made between 2008 and 2009 to update the facilities.
Approximately 9 kilometers north of Mlechino, near Bashevo, stands the Krivus Fortress. Constructed in the 10th century, it was built to safeguard the Arda River region. Notable remains include defensive walls, towers, and the ruins of an old church.
Nearby, on a rocky point along the Borovitsa river, the Patmos Fortress is situated. Also from the 10th century, it has a largely intact western wall. Archaeological studies have revealed the remnants of a basilica and a tower.
Southwest of Dyadovtsi, around 15 kilometers away, is the Devil's Bridge, or Sheytan Kyupriya. This bridge, built in the early 16th century, has not been altered for over 500 years and features a distinctive hexagon engraving on its arch.
# Shimanto Bank

Shimanto Bank PLC. is a schedule commercial bank in Bangladesh and related to the Border Guards Bangladesh. As the slogan goes "Shimanhin Astha", Shimanto Bank Limited aims to be the leading financial institution to serve with utmost trust. Rafiqul Islam is the chief executive officer and managing director of the bank. Major General Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman Siddiqui, director general of Border Guards Bangladesh, is the chairman of the bank.

## History

The bank was established on 21 July 2016 through an act of parliament and planned by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. Maj General Aziz Ahmed was the founder chairman, Brigadier General Taufiqul Hasan Siddiquee was the project director, and Moklesur Rahman appointed as the first managing director and CEO of the bank. The bank was designed to provided financial services to the marginalized population of the country as well as active and retired personals of Border Guards Bangladesh.
On 1 August 2016, Muklesur Rahman was appointed the Chief Executive Officer and managing director of the Bank. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina inaugurates Shimanto Bank formally on 1 September 2016. Founder chairman inaugurated the principal branch on 10 October 2016. The director general of the Border Guards is the ex-officio chairman of the bank. Major General Aziz Ahmed was the first chairman of the Bank and he was replaced by Major General Abul Hossain on 2 November 2016.
In 2020, Shimanto Bank had 12.09 billion taka in deposits.
In August 2021, Bangladesh Bank issued a show cause notice to Shimanto Bank PLC and nine other banks for having a low interest rate on their deposits. As of October 2024, Shimanto Bank PLC has 25 branches, 7 sub-branches and 28 ATM booths. In August 2022, Rafiqul Islam was appointed the chief executive officer and managing director of the bank Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission has asked Shimanto Bank to make preparations for an initial public offering.

## Board of directors

| Name | Position |
| Major General Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman Siddiqui | Chairman |
| Brigadier General Md Nurul Amin | Director |
| Brigadier General Md Shazedur Rahman | Director |
| Brigadier General Ali Reza Mohammad Ashaduzzaman | Director |
| Brigadier General Benazir Ahmed | Director |
| Brigadier General A. M. M. Khairul Kabir | Director |
| Colonel Murad Zaman | Director |
| Colonel A. S. M. Faisal | Director |
| Colonel Shafiul Azam Parvez | Director |
| Rafiqul Islam | Managing Director |
# Jack Perkins (reporter)

Jack Morton Perkins (December 28, 1933 – August 19, 2019) was an American reporter, commentator, war correspondent, and anchorman. He was dubbed "America's most literate correspondent" by the Associated Press.

## Early life and education

Perkins was born on December 28, 1933, in Cleveland, Ohio. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science from Case Western Reserve University in 1956. While at Case Western Reserve, Perkins joined the Fraternity of Phi Gamma Delta.

## Career

Perkins appeared on NBC Nightly News and The Today Show, and on A&E as host of Biography. Until 2012, he hosted A Gulf Coast Journal, a weekly magazine show which aired on Tampa, Florida PBS member station WEDU-TV. He also hosted and narrated special programs on Chattanooga, Tennessee PBS member station WTCI-TV. From 1982 to 1986, Perkins was also a news anchor and commentator for NBC owned-and-operated station KNBC, in Los Angeles.
Perkins devoted a great deal of his time to creating original photography and poetry which he brought together in books, titles including Island Prayers: Photographs and Poems of Praise (2006) and Nature of God: Exploring Nature to meet the Creator.
His 2013 book Finding Moosewood, Finding God tells of the period in his life between 1984 and 1999 that he and his wife, Mary Jo, lived on Bar Island off Acadia National Park in Maine to live a simple life, and there found God.

## Parodies

Perkins and his Biography introductions were parodied several times on Mystery Science Theater 3000, with Perkins portrayed by Michael J. Nelson as a somewhat scatter-brained man prone to long, meandering, name-dropping rambles about nothing in particular, and, on syndicated versions of MST3K, dubbed The Mystery Science Theater Hour, the character introduced the films. Perkins declared himself a fan of the show and his parody on it, even participating in an online drive to save the program during its first cancellation. Perkins was also spoofed on Saturday Night Live, first by Harry Shearer reporting on the Walter Keane art exhibit in 1980; and then by Darrell Hammond, who played Perkins as a sarcastic alcoholic while hosting Biography. However, Perkins felt this portrayal of his character was grossly distorted and inaccurate. Perkins also voiced a fictional version of himself on the animated series Family Guy in the season 2 episode "Da Boom".

## Personal life and death

Perkins married Mary Jo Perkins in 1960. Together they had three children: Julie, Mark and Eric. Eric followed his father into journalism, serving as sports director at KARE-TV, the NBC affiliate station in the twin cities in Minnesota.
Perkins died August 19, 2019, in Nokomis, Florida, at age 85.
# Joseph Meyerhoff

Joseph Meyerhoff (April 8, 1899 – February 2, 1985) was an American businessman, fundraiser, and philanthropist based in Baltimore, Maryland. His son was Harvey Meyerhoff.

## Biography
### Professional career

Meyerhoff was born in Poltava in what is now Ukraine, then part of the Russian Empire, and was brought to the United States as a young boy in 1906. He grew up in Baltimore and graduated from Baltimore City College (which, despite its name, is a public high school); he then attended and completed his law degree at the University of Maryland in the mid-1930s. Meyerhoff practiced law for some years upon graduation from the UM School of Law until he opened a construction company with his brother called Monumental Properties Inc. This firm thrived for nearly 40 years until it was sold for about $180M (making Meyerhoff and his family one of the wealthiest in Baltimore). Monumental Properties was responsible for many buildings in the city, including various shopping centers throughout the west side. During the 1940s, Meyerhoff refused to rent or sell to fellow Jews in the affluent and predominantly white Christian neighborhood of Roland Park in Baltimore. In 1948, the Baltimore Jewish Council wrote Meyerhoff a formal letter denouncing his complicity in antisemitic real estate practices and requested that he show solidarity with the Jewish community, but Meyerhoff insisted that his career would be ruined if he sold or rented to Jews in non-Jewish neighborhoods. In the early 1950s, Meyerhoff and other prominent Jewish-American businessmen were chosen to assist Israel during its initial establishment crises. He retired in 1965.

### Philanthropy

Meyerhoff continued his career as an avid philanthropist serving as president of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra in the 1970s, where he personally contributed money and helped raise millions of dollars. He is credited, along with music director Sergiu Comissiona, with re-organizing and revitalizing the group. The BSO's primary home, the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall, is named after him. Meyerhoff also supported many other Jewish charities and art museums throughout Baltimore and was eventually inducted into the Baltimore Business Hall of Fame along with Robert Merrick.

## Personal life

Meyerhoff was married in the 1930s to Rebecca Witten and they had three children whom they raised in Baltimore:
* Harvey Meyerhoff was married to Lenore Pancoe who died in 1988. He remarried columnist Lois Wyse in 1990.
* Eleanor Meyerhoff Katz, real estate business executive and attorney who also served as vice chairman for the United Jewish Appeal and board member of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council. She was married to Herb Katz, the first president of the Jewish Federation of Broward County.
* Peggy Meyerhoff Pearlstone was married to Jack Pearlstone. Their son, Richard L. Pearlstone, served as national chairman of the United Jewish Appeal.
# Pau Esteve Birba

Pau Esteve Birba (born 1981) is a Spanish cinematographer.

## Biography

Pau Esteve Birba was born in Barcelona in 1981. He graduated in photography from the ESCAC. Following his graduation he decided to move to Mexico in 2009. He was recalled to Spain to work in the second unit of Buried. He settled in Málaga towards 2017.

## Filmography
### Cinematographer

* Cannibal (2013)
* Beautiful Youth (2014)
* It's Now or Never (2015)
* Realive (2016)
* Orbiter 9 (2017)
* The Motive (2017)
* Some Time Later (2018)
* Bye (2019)
* Out in the Open (2019)
* The Good Boss (2021)
* Alegría (2021)

## Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |
| 2013 | 61st San Sebastián International Film Festival | Best Cinematography | Cannibal | Won |
| 2014 | 28th Goya Awards | Best Cinematography | Cannibal | Won |
| 2014 | 1st Fénix Awards | Best Cinematography | Cannibal | Nominated |
| 2015 | 7th Gaudí Awards | Best Cinematography | Beautiful Youth | Nominated |
| 2022 | 1st Carmen Awards | Best Cinematography | The Good Boss | Won |
| 2022 | 1st Carmen Awards | Best Cinematography | Alegría | Nominated |
| 2022 | 36th Goya Awards | Best Cinematography | The Good Boss | Nominated |
| 2022 | 9th Platino Awards | Best Cinematography | The Good Boss | Nominated |
# Whitcastles stone circle

Whitcastles or Little Hartfell (grid reference NY 2240 8806) is a stone circle 6½ miles NE of Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway. Nine fallen stones lie in an oval measuring 55m by 45m. The largest stones lie to the north and south of the circle; interest in cardinal points is a common feature in the stone circles of the Solway Firth. It was designated as a scheduled monument in 1937.