OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guram Kostava

Guram Kostava (Georgian: გურამ კოსტავა; 18 June 1937 – 20 June 2024) was a Soviet fencer. Kostava won a bronze in the team épée event at the 1960 Summer Olympics and another one in the individual épée event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. Kostava died on 20 June 2024, at the age of 87.
# Adediran

Adédìran audio is a Yoruba name meaning "Crown becomes generational". Adediran can also be interpreted as crown becomes a lineage".
Since Ade signifies royalty, the name Adediran can also be interpreted by others to mean "Royalty becomes generational".
It is commonly a surname, but can as well be used as a given name. Its diminutive form is "Dediran".

## Notable people bearing the name

Abdul-Azeez Olajide Adediran, Nigerian politician
# Chęciny, Masovian Voivodeship

Chęciny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Górzno, within Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Górzno, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Garwolin, and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of Warsaw.
# Vohimena

Vohimena is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Amparafaravola, which is a part of Alaotra-Mangoro Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 8,000 in 2001 commune census.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 80% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 2% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are sugarcane and tobacco. Industry and services provide employment for 3% and 10% of the population, respectively. Additionally fishing employs 5% of the population. Natural parks and nature preserves provide tourists with incentive to visit.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
* ↑ Planner, Travel (2020-07-02). "Vohimena, Alaotra Mangoro Region Madagascar: things to do, see, information". Travel Planner. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
* This Alaotra-Mangoro location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Carlos Eloir Perucci

Carlos Eloir Perucci (born 20 May 1951) was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Started his career at Athletico Paranaense, Perucci became one of the top scorers in the history of Primera Divisíon/Liga MX with 197 goals scored for C.D. Laguna, Atlético Español and Cruz Azul.
He also played for the Houston Hurricane of the NASL in 1980 with 25 appearances and 9 goals.

## Death

Perucci passed away in Curitiba, on 26 September 2017.
# Bid Zard, Izeh

Bid Zard (Persian: بيدزرد, also Romanized as Bīd Zard, Bīdzard, and Bid-i-Zard) is a village in Holayjan Rural District, in the Central District of Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 124, in 23 families.
# Oberottmarshausen station

Oberottmarshausen station (German: Bahnhof Oberottmarshausen) is a railway station in the municipality of Oberottmarshausen, in Bavaria, Germany. It is located on the Bobingen–Landsberg am Lech line of Deutsche Bahn.

## Services

As of the December 2021 timetable change, the following services stop at Oberottmarshausen:
* RB: hourly service between Augsburg and Kaufering; some trains continue from Kaufering to Landsberg (Lech).
# Paranonychidae

Paranonychidae is a family of armoured harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are 9 genera and at least 28 described species in Paranonychidae.

## Genera

(Also see overview species listing)
* Izunonychus Suzuki, 1975
* Kainonychus Suzuki, 1975
* Kaolinonychus Suzuki, 1975
* Metanippononychus Suzuki, 1975
* Metanonychus Briggs, 1971
* Nippononychus Suzuki, 1975
* Paranonychus Briggs, 1971
* Sclerobunus Banks, 1893
* Zuma Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942
# Jack Burghardt

John O. Burghardt (19 September 1929 – 28 September 2002) was a Canadian television news broadcaster, politician and church minister.
Born in Port Colborne, Ontario, Burghardt became one of the first on-air personalities on CHCH-TV in Hamilton, Ontario. He moved to London's CFPL-TV in 1971 and became that station's news anchor. He remained at CFPL until 1980, apart from a break in 1972 to seek a seat in federal Parliament.
His first attempt to gain a seat in the House of Commons of Canada was unsuccessful. He campaigned as the Liberal Party candidate in the Hamilton West electoral district during the 1972 federal election.
His second attempt was in a 1981 by-election in the London West electoral district. He served in the remainder of the 32nd Canadian Parliament, replacing Judd Buchanan who resigned his seat. Burghardt was defeated in the 1984 federal election by Progressive Conservative candidate Tom Hockin.
After leaving federal politics, Burghardt entered municipal politics. He was first elected to Board of Control in 1985. As he garnered the most votes, he attained the position of Deputy Mayor. He was re-elected to both positions in 1988 and 1991. He ran for mayor in 1994, but narrowly lost to fellow controller Dianne Haskett. A long-time lay preacher, he was ordained a minister of the United Church of Canada in later life.
Burghardt died in London aged 73 following surgery.
# Redux (EP)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| PunkNews.org | |
Redux is an EP by British crust punk band Amebix. It is a three-track studio release with a bonus downloadable live track. The album was recorded in 2009 after original Amebix members Rob and Stig met with drummer Roy Mayorga (Stone Sour, Soulfly, Nausea) to record some songs for a documentary about the band. The first three tracks are re-recordings of older songs while the fourth track was recorded live on their US re-union tour in 2009.
The album was released in CD, vinyl, and digital formats. Both the CD and vinyl versions had the first three songs with a card for a download of the digital version, which included the live bonus track.

## Track list

* "Arise" - originally recorded for the Arise! LP
* "Winter" - originally recorded for the "Winter" single
* "Chain Reaction" - originally recorded for the Monolith LP
* "Progress (Live)" - recorded live in 2009
# Pterocarya

Pterocarya, often called wingnuts in English, are trees in the walnut family Juglandaceae. They are native to Asia. The botanic name is from Ancient Greek πτερόν (pteron) "wing" + κάρυον (karyon) "nut".

## Description

Pterocarya are deciduous trees, 10–40 m tall, with pinnate leaves 20–45 cm long, with 11–25 leaflets; the shoots have chambered pith, a character shared with the walnuts (Juglans) but not the hickories (Carya) in the same family.
The flowers are organized in male and female catkins in the same tree. Therefore the species is monoecius. The seed catkins when mature (about six months after pollination) are pendulous, 15–45 cm long, with 20–80 seeds strung along them.
The seeds are a small nut 5–10 mm across, with two wings, one each side. In some of the species, the wings are short (5–10 mm) and broad (5–10 mm), in others longer (10–25 mm) and narrower (2–5 mm).

### Species

There are six species.
| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Pterocarya fraxinifolia | Caucasian wingnut | Caucasus and Elburz mountains in southwest Asia. |
| Pterocarya hupehensis | Hubei wingnut | Central China. |
| Pterocarya macroptera | Large-winged wingnut | West and southwest China. |
| Pterocarya rhoifolia | Japanese wingnut | Japan, eastern China (Shandong). |
| Pterocarya stenoptera | Chinese wingnut | China, widespread. |
| Pterocarya tonkinensis | Tonkin wingnut | Southernmost China (Yunnan), Indo-China. |
Another species from China, the wheel wingnut with similar foliage but an unusual circular wing right round the nut (instead of two wings at the sides), previously listed as Pterocarya paliurus, has now been transferred to a new genus, as Cyclocarya paliurus.

### Hybrids

* Pterocarya × rehderiana - (P. fraxinifolia × P. stenoptera).

### Uses

Wingnuts are very attractive, large and fast-growing trees, occasionally planted in parks and large gardens. The most common in general cultivation outside Asia is P. fraxinifolia, but the most attractive is probably P. rhoifolia. The hybrid P. × rehderiana, a cross between P. fraxinifolia and P. stenoptera, is even faster-growing and has occasionally been planted for timber production. The wood is of good quality, similar to walnut, though not quite so dense and strong.
# Coleophora microalbella

Coleophora microalbella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found on the Canary Islands (Fuerteventura), Spain, Algeria, Tunisia, the Palestinian territories and Oman.
The larva feeds on Salsola species.
# Ciachcin Nowy

Ciachcin Nowy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bielsk, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Bielsk, 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Płock, and 94 km (58 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Deh Sefid-e Olya

Deh Sefid-e Olya (Persian: ده سفيدعليا, also Romanized as Deh Sefīd-e ‘Olyā and Deh Sefīd ‘Olyā) is a village in Zagheh Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 65, in 11 families.
# Oddfríður Marni Rasmussen

Oddfríður Marni Rasmussen (born 22 February 1969 in Tórshavn, grew up in Sandur) is a Faroese author, poet, children's book author, editor and teacher. In 2000, 2009 and 2019 he received the Faroese Literature Prize, first for a collection of poems and later for his work as editor of the literary magazine Vencil. He is the younger brother of the composer Sunleif Rasmussen.

## Career

Oddfríður was trained as a teacher in 2011. He was chairman of LISA (Council of Faroese Artists) from 2001 to 2012. For a two-year period from 1998 to 2000, he attended the Writers' School in Copenhagen. Oddfríður debuted as a poet in 1992, when a couple of his poems were published in the Faroese journal Brá [fo]. He has published two children's books, 13 poetry collections as well as a number of short stories, poems and translations, which have been published in Vencil. Oddfríður and Arnbjørn Ólavsson Dalsgarð [fo] are editors of Vencil.
# Gaindatherium

Gaindatherium is an extinct genus of rhinocerotid that lived in Asia during the Miocene. It is mainly known from the Siwalik Hills in Pakistan, though its fossils have been found as far west as the Negev desert.

## Description

Gaindatherium is believed to be the direct ancestor of the genus Rhinoceros. Among the features it shares with that genus are arched nasal bones that helped support its single horn and a forward-inclined back of skull. Its skull is longer and narrower compared to Rhinoceros, with more primitive brachyodont teeth.
# Argowal

Argowal is a village in Hoshiarpur district, Punjab, India.
# Ciepłe, Masovian Voivodeship

Ciepłe is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żabia Wola, within Grodzisk Mazowiecki County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Żabia Wola, 11 km (7 mi) south of Grodzisk Mazowiecki, and 32 km (20 mi) south-west of Warsaw.
# Bobki (village), Perm Krai

Bobki (Russian: Бобки) is a rural locality (a village) in Dobryansky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 174 as of 2010. There are 27 streets.

## Geography

Bobki is located 46 km south of Dobryanka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bobki (settlement) is the nearest rural locality.
# Clóvis Raposo

Clóvis Raposo (30 May 1909 – 3 May 1963) was a Brazilian athlete. He competed in the men's long jump at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, finishing in eighth place.
# Dehnow-e Jowkar

Dehnow-e Jowkar (Persian: دهنوجوكار, also Romanized as Dehnow-e Jowkār; also known as Deh-e Jūkar) is a village in Margown Rural District, Margown District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 126, in 21 families.
# What Will It Be

"What Will It Be" is a digital single by Deeyah Khan, featuring guest performance rap by Los Angeles based rapper Young Maylay. This was Young Maylay's first appearance in a single.
What Will It Be was to be Deeyah's second single in the UK after a successful Top 30 release of Plan of My Own.
The music video for What Will It Be was filmed in Mumbai, India. Throughout the music video people are shown removing tape from their mouths to illustrate a need for expressive freedom, particularly concerning women's right's, a woman's freedom of choice as well as sexuality. It is also, according to Deeyah, a response to critics that would hope to silence her musical voice and who have threatened Deeyah throughout her career in an attempt limit her freedom of expression. In Deeyah's view, the Muslim community needs to examine its own place in the world and treatment of women before turning its judgment outward towards the West. The video also refers to the double standards and hypocrisy of strictly patriarchal cultures based on honor and shame.
In reoccurring scenes throughout the music video, images of individuals, especially women, are projected on Deeyah's bare back. Every person is someone who was murdered for his or her individual choices.
The music video for What Will It Be was pulled from rotation as threats of violence mounted against UK television and music stations by the Muslim community increased. In the wake of these controversies, local Asian music channel B4U Music banned her videos. In a statement to UK newspapers a B4U network's representative stated they "have received threats that has forced them to take the matter seriously". .
What Will It Be received the Freedom to create award in 2008. The music video was also shown as part of an art exhibition for freedom of expression in Stedelijk Museum, Netherlands.
Eventually, due to demand, "What Will It Be" was made available as a digital download only release on iTunes. Although this was to be Deeyah's last single due to concerns over personal safety.
# St. Johannis, Ansbach

The church St. Johannis (St. John) in Ansbach, Middle Franconia, Germany, is a Lutheran parish church and a concert venue of the Bachwoche Ansbach.

## History

The parish was first mentioned in documents in 1139. It was given by the Bishop of Würzburg to St. Gumbertus. Construction began in the second decade of the 15th century. The church has three aisles, the nave was completed in 1435. The two towers of different height and roofing are probably from the same period, typical of Ansbach. The church built in Gothic architecture has two “unequal towers”, as is common in churches in Ansbach. The construction of the choir began in 1441. The nave is connected with the choir to a spatial unit. The northern long side faces the market. The church is built of sandstone.
The organ was built in 1962 by the organ builder Rieger (Schwarzach, Austria), and restored in 1991 by the organ builder Mühleisen (Leonberg). The church is a concert venue of the Bachwoche Ansbach, among others.
Johann Rurer, who spread the Lutheran ideas of Protestant Church reformation and who was the town priest of Ansbach, held his first service at St. Johannis Church on 9 April 1525.
The Military Church records (Microfilm no. 164) were found in the Military Chaplaincy of St. Johannis Church at Ansbach.
The crypt of the church houses the funeral chapel of the margraves and margravines who used to worship at the St. Johanis Church. The caskets in which they are buried are made of materials such as bronze and copper and marble and covered with “black samite draperies”. The coffins are arranged in a “hemicycle” and include the small coffins of children; two of the coffins are engraved, one engraving is made of bronze which raises the effigy of the child and the other has an epitaph for the princes who died young when one year old. The epitaph reads:
   “In the Rose-month was this sweet Rose taken. For the Rose-kind hath she earth forsaken. The Princess is the Rose, that here no longer blows, From the stem by death’s hand rudely shaken. Then rest in the Rose-house. Little Princess Rosebud dear! There life’s Rose shall bloom again in heavens sunshine clear.”
# Ryti II cabinet

Risto Ryti's second cabinet was the 24th government of Republic of Finland.
Cabinet's time period was from March 27, 1940, to January 4, 1941. It was Majority government.
Assembly :
| Minister | Period of office | Party |
| Prime Minister Risto Ryti | March 27, 1940 – December 19, 1940 | National Progressive Party |
| Deputy Prime Minister Rudolf Walden | December 19, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Independent |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs Rolf Witting | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Swedish People's Party |
| Minister of Justice Oskari Lehtonen | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | National Coalition Party |
| Minister of Interior Ernst von Born | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Swedish People's Party |
| Deputy Minister of Interior Eemil Luukka | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Agrarian League |
| Minister of Defence Rudolf Walden | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Independent |
| Minister of Finance Mauno Pekkala | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Social Democrat |
| Deputy Minister of Finance Juho Pilppula | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Agrarian League |
| Minister of Education Antti Kukkonen | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Agrarian League |
| Minister of Agriculture Antti Kukkonen Viljami Kalliokoski | March 27, 1940 – August 15, 1940 August 15, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Agrarian League Agrarian League |
| Minister of Transport and Public Works Väinö Salovaara | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Social Democrat |
| Deputy Minister of Transport and Public Works Karl-Erik Ekholm | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Independent |
| Minister of Trade and Industry Väinö Kotilainen Toivo Salmio | March 27, 1940 – September 15, 1940 September 15, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Independent Social Democrat |
| Minister of Social Affairs Karl-August Fagerholm | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Social Democrat |
| Minister of People's Service Väinö Tanner Väinö Kotilainen | March 27, 1940 – September 15, 1940 September 15, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Social Democrat Social Democrat |
| Deputy Minister of People's Service Toivo Salmio | March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Social Democrat |
| Preceded byRyti I | Cabinet of Finland March 27, 1940 – January 4, 1941 | Succeeded byRangell |
# James Webster (musicologist)

James Webster is a musicologist, specializing in the music of Joseph Haydn and other composers of the classical era. His professional position is as the Goldwin Smith Professor of Music at Cornell University.

## Research and writing

He has published several books in his field, including a massive study of Haydn's "Farewell" Symphony and (with Georg Feder) the Haydn article in the current edition of the New Grove, spun off as a separate book.
His website lists the following areas of specialization (links to articles in this encyclopedia are added):
* History and theory of music of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with a particular focus on Haydn
* Mozart (especially his operas), Beethoven, Schubert, and Brahms
* Performance practice
* Editorial practice
* Historiography of music
* Issues of musical form (including analytical methodology)
* Schenkerian analysis
Webster's work is notable for his willingness to sift through and assess conflicting sources of historical evidence. His biography of Haydn particularly reflects this tendency, and unlike several earlier Haydn biographers, he is generally unwilling to fill in the narrative with conjecture, particularly conjecture about how Haydn must have felt or what he must have done on some particular occasion.
Webster is highly devoted to the earlier works of Haydn, and has consistently asserted his opposition to the views of Charles Rosen and others who assert a course of "progress" and learning through the composer's career. He has expressed strong views on the quality of current urtext editions and their appropriateness for use in performance; for quotations and discussion see Urtext edition.

## Books authored and edited

* Webster, James; Caplin, William; and Hepokoski, James (2009) Musical Form, Forms, and Formenlehre: Three Methodological Reflections. Ed. Berge, Pieter. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
* Webster, James and Georg Feder (2002) The New Grove Haydn. London: Macmillan; New York: Palgrave, 2002.
* Opera Buffa in Mozart's Vienna. Ed. Mary Hunter and James Webster. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997.
* Webster, James (1991) Haydn's "Farewell" Symphony and the Idea of Classical Style: Through-Composition and Cyclic Integration in His Instrumental Music. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
* Haydn Studies: Proceedings of the International Haydn Conference, Washington, D.C., 1975. Ed. Jens Peter Larsen, Howard Serwer, and James Webster. New York: Norton, 1981. [includes seven articles by James Webster]

## Honors

Webster is the dedicatee of a festschrift volume published 2014 by Cambridge University Press, with contributions by colleagues including Elaine Sisman, Neal Zaslaw, and Lewis Lockwood; see References below.
# Ciepłe Pierwsze

Ciepłe Pierwsze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żabia Wola, within Grodzisk Mazowiecki County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Alka (Baltic religion)

Alka or alkas (Latvian: elks) is the name of a sacred place or a place for burning sacrifices in Baltic religion. In Latvia and Lithuania alka(-s) and elks is the most widespread component in the toponyms for sacred sites. 120 hills, 70 fields and 50 water bodies (lakes, rivers, and wetlands) with such word in their name have been registered.

## Etymology

The words alka(-s) and elks probably derive from the Proto-Indo-European *alku/*elku ("bend, an elbow, turn-like and lift") and may be directly connected with words such as Lithuanian auk(u)oti ("to lift a child") and Latvian auklēt ("to carry the baby on arms and to rock"). Other old Lithuanian linguistic roots could be "sacred grove," "place where sacrifices were burnt," or "sacrifice." An old Latvian root could be "idol." The term alka is often paired in sources with words for "beautiful," and "holy."
Cognates in other languages may include Germanic and Gothic alhs ("temple"), Saxon alah ("temple"), the Anglo-Saxon ealh ("temple") and ealgian ("to guard, to defend"), Belarusian галыконшк ("offering gatherer"), and Greek αλδοζ and αλδιζ ("a sacred enclosure in Olympia").

## History

The first written mention of alkos is in 1075 AD by Adam of Bremen. The historian mentions that Christians are not allowed at the entrances of the groves because they will make them unclean. Other sources from the Teutonic Knights and other Christian sources from the 15th and 16th century confirm that these groves were still used during those times.
French historical Jean Cabaret d'Orville mentions that Christians would respect the sanctity of the holy groves. They are called, "holy pine woods...where they burn the bodies of their dead and render them as a sacrifice."

## Cultic practice

On these "sacred sites of the Balts", "sacred offerings" were made. These sites included bogs ('alka (os)/aukos'), rivers ('alkupiai') and islets ('alkos salos'). There is evidence to suggest that the holiness of the scared grove extended beyond the confines of a forest into surrounding rivers and a geographical area. According to oral folklore, alkos are the gateway to other worlds and souls of the dead trapped in purgatory can live in the trees.
In modern times, alkos still exist and are commonly intermingled with Catholic practices. Small groves of trees, especially in Samogitia, can be found surrounded by wooden chapels, crosses, and idols.
It is unclear if the trees were regarded as gods themselves, but they were certainly treated as holy. In pagan times, a tree was made holy by a priest who underwent a three-day fast and completed a blood ritual and/or sacrifice at the base of the tree. Damaging the trees was/is prohibited, which was why Christians destroyed the trees when attempting to convert pagan populations in Lithuania.