OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leaf Tobacco & Commodities (U)

Leaf Tobacco & Commodities (U) (LTC) manufactures cigarettes under the Supermatch brand in Uganda. It is a subsidiary of the Pan African Tobacco Group (PTG).

## History

The Burundi Tobacco Company BTC was founded by in 1979 by Tribert Rujugiro Ayabatwa. He next founded an enterprise in neighboring Zaire, now the Democratic Republic of Congo. These became the basis for the Pan African Tobacco Group (PTG). Ayabatwa bought large areas of land in the northwestern West Nile sub-region of Uganda, where his Meridian Tobacco Company's subsidiary, the Leaf Tobacco Company, employed thousands of people growing tobacco. PTG became the largest tobacco company in Africa. Leaf Tobacco & Commodities (U) is a subsidiary of PTG.
In 1996 BTC let Mastermind Tobacco Uganda Ltd. use its "Supermatch" trademark. In July 2002 BTC discontinued the arrangement on the grounds that Mastermind's cigarettes did not meet BTC's quality requirements. They transferred the trademark to Leaf Tobacco, a new company based in Kireka. The Ugandan commercial court ordered Mastermind to halt production of Supermatch cigarettes until the trademark infringement case had been resolved.
In September 2013 a report on a bill to amend the excise tariff drew on submissions from Leaf Tobacco and Commodities (U) among others. At that time, LTC was the only cigarette manufacturer in Uganda, and employed more than 14,000 people. Companies such as BAT(U) had moved to Kenya, and only exported unprocessed leaf tobacco, paying no export duty. LTC had invested $20 million in Northern Uganda into tobacco manufacturing, to add value before the products were exported. There had been an increase in dumping of cigarettes imported without duty, and cigarettes that were said to be in transit to the Democratic Republic of the Congo or South Sudan ended up being sold in Uganda. There was uncontrolled smuggling of cigarettes branded as "Super match".
In May 2015 the Ugandan Finance Minister, Matia Kasaija, said that local manufacturers that used locally grown tobacco would be taxed at a lower rate than companies that import cigarettes made elsewhere. In 2019 a South Sudan court ruled that Mastermind of Kenya, the parent company of Mastermind Tobacco Uganda, could not export its Supermatch cigarettes to South Sudan in competition with Leaf. The Ugandan position was that they could "escort" Mastermind's cigarettes across Uganda to South Sudan, but it was up to the South Sudan customs to decide whether to admit them.
As of 2023 British American Tobacco and Leaf Tobacco & Commodities dominated the tobacco market in Uganda. Price increases had made cigarettes less affordable, resulting in lower sales for premium brands. Cigarettes sold illicitly had a larger market share than tax-paid cigarettes.
# Brachymeles isangdaliri

Brachymeles isangdaliri, the Aurora slender skink, is a species of skink endemic to the Philippines.
# Ouboutou Tegremante

Tegremante (15?? – 1626) was the Kalinago chief on St Kitts when Thomas Warner arrived by 1623 to establish a colony. He was killed in his sleep during the Kalinago Genocide of 1626.
# Iván Pérez (water polo)

Iván Ernesto Pérez Vargas (born 29 June 1971) is a water polo player from Spain. He was born in Havana, Cuba, but became a Spanish citizen. He was a member of the national team that finished in sixth place at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. He also competed at the 2008 and 2012 Olympics. He represented Cuba at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
In 2003 Pérez, a player from CN Barcelona, ended up in fifth place with the national side at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in his home town of Barcelona. He twice won the world title with Spain, at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships in Perth, Western Australia, and at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka, Japan.
# Hippodrome of Olympia

The Hippodrome of Olympia housed the equestrian contests (horse racing and chariot racing) of the Ancient Olympic Games. According to Pausanias, it was situated to the south of the Stadium and covered a large area four stadia (780 meters) long and one stade four plethora (220 meters) wide. The hippodrome was a wide, flat, open space where the starting point and the finish line were designated with a pole and a second smaller pole called nyssa designated the turning point.
Horse and chariot races were one of the most popular and spectacular sports of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. The equestrian sports of the time were the tethrippon, the apene, the synoris, the tethrippon for foals, the synoris for foals, the perfect keles race, the kalpe and the pole horse race. According to mythology, the first chariot race took place in Olympia between King Pelops and King Oenomaus of Pisa. In the ancient Olympic Games the jockeys were not the owners of the horses. The owners of the horses were declared winners, they were awarded the wreath and enjoyed all the honors although they did not take part in the race. The jockeys won only a small portion from the glory of the winner, such as a wool band that the owner would tie on their head.
The hippodrome of ancient Olympia had a complex starting mechanism in order to avoid false starts. The starting mechanism was designed by the statue maker Kleoitas and was later improved by Aristidis. According to Pausanias, the required energy for the movement of the mechanism came from the drop of a bronze dolphin and the rise of a bronze eagle.
Today, the hippodrome does not exist. Some claim that it was washed away by the river Alfeios while others claim that its location is to the southeast of the Stadium.
# 1999–2000 Elitserien season

The 1999–2000 Elitserien season was the 25th season of the Elitserien, the top level of ice hockey in Sweden. 12 teams participated in the league, and Djurgårdens IF won the championship.

## Standings

| | Club | GP | W | OTW | SOW | SOL | OTL | L | GF | GA | Pts |
| 1. | Djurgårdens IF | 50 | 23 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 180 | 127 | 93 |
| 2. | Brynäs IF | 50 | 28 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 165 | 134 | 92 |
| 3. | Västra Frölunda | 50 | 25 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 155 | 131 | 89 |
| 4. | Luleå HF | 50 | 25 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 158 | 140 | 89 |
| 5. | Malmö IF | 50 | 22 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 14 | 170 | 131 | 88 |
| 6. | Modo Hockey | 50 | 24 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 19 | 149 | 134 | 83 |
| 7. | Färjestads BK | 50 | 22 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 18 | 168 | 142 | 81 |
| 8 | HV 71 Jönköping | 50 | 18 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 19 | 144 | 131 | 75 |
| 9. | AIK | 50 | 19 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 19 | 151 | 155 | 74 |
| 10. | Leksands IF | 50 | 14 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 24 | 150 | 174 | 59 |
| 11. | Västerås IK | 50 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 31 | 103 | 196 | 43 |
| 12. | Linköpings HC | 50 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 35 | 107 | 205 | 34 |

## Playoffs

| Quarterfinal | Quarterfinal | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Djurgårdens IF | 4 | | | | | | |
| 7 | Färjestads BK | 3 | | | | | | |
| 7 | Färjestads BK | 3 | 1 | Djurgårdens IF | 3 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Luleå HF | 0 | | | |
| 4 | Luleå HF | 4 | 4 | Luleå HF | 0 | | | |
| 5 | Malmö IF | 2 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Malmö IF | 2 | | | | 1 | Djurgårdens IF | 3 |
| | | | | | | 6 | MODO Hockey | 0 |
| 3 | Västra Frölunda | 1 | | | | | | | 6 | MODO Hockey | 0 |
| 6 | MODO Hockey | 4 | | | | | | |
| 6 | MODO Hockey | 4 | 6 | MODO Hockey | 3 | | | |
| | | | 2 | Brynäs IF | 2 | | | |
| 2 | Brynäs IF | 4 | 2 | Brynäs IF | 2 | | | |
| 8 | HV 71 Jönköping | 2 | | | | | | |
# John Carlin (statistician)

John B. Carlin is an Australian statistician. He is Head of Data Science and Director of the Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit at the Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI) and a professor in the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics in the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health at the University of Melbourne. He has also led the Victorian Centre for Biostatistics, a collaboration between the MCRI, the University of Melbourne, and Monash University, since 2012. The economist Wendy Carlin is his sister.
Besides Carlin's professorial appointment at the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, he is also an Honorary Professorial Fellow in the Department of Paediatrics at the University of Melbourne. In 2018, Carlin was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences.

## Selected works

* Byrt, Ted; Bishop, Janet; Carlin, John B. (1993). "Bias, prevalence and kappa". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 46 (5): 423–429. doi:10.1016/0895-4356(93)90018-V. PMID 8501467.
* Patton, G. C.; Hibbert, M.; Rosier, M. J.; Carlin, J. B.; Caust, J.; Bowes, G. (1996). "Is smoking associated with depression and anxiety in teenagers?". American Journal of Public Health. 86 (2): 225–230. doi:10.2105/AJPH.86.2.225. PMC 1380332. PMID 8633740.
* Patton, G. C.; Selzer, R.; Coffey, C.; Carlin, J. B.; Wolfe, R. (1999). "Onset of adolescent eating disorders: Population based cohort study over 3 years". BMJ. 318 (7186): 765–768. doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7186.765. PMC 27789. PMID 10082698.
* Bond, L.; Carlin, J. B.; Thomas, L.; Rubin, K.; Patton, G. (2001). "Does bullying cause emotional problems? A prospective study of young teenagers". BMJ. 323 (7311): 480–484. doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7311.480. PMC 48131. PMID 11532838.
* Lee, K. J.; Carlin, J. B. (2010). "Multiple Imputation for Missing Data: Fully Conditional Specification Versus Multivariate Normal Imputation". American Journal of Epidemiology. 171 (5): 624–632. doi:10.1093/aje/kwp425. PMID 20106935.
* Gelman, Andrew; Carlin, John B.; Stern, Hal S.; Dunson, David B.; Vehtari, Aki; Rubin, Donald B. (2013). Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition. New York, New York: Chapman and Hall. doi:10.1201/b16018. ISBN 9781439898208.
# Steven Oo

Steven Oo (born 10 November 1984), born Than Naing Oo (Burmese: သန်းနိုင်ဦး), is a Burmese-American TV personality and fashion designer of Sino-Burmese descent.

## Early life and education

Born in Yangon, Myanmar, Oo and his family immigrated to the United States at the age of 15. He received a BA from the University of California, Berkeley in 1997 and an MFA from the Academy of Art University in San Francisco in Fashion Knitwear Design in 2010.

## Career

His graduation collection debuted at the 2010 New York Fashion Week. He now focuses completely on innovative knitwear clothing designs.
Oo used his success in fashion to become a talk show personality in China. He is a permanent member of Informal Talks, a debate show produced by Bilibili and Hubei Television. He has been praised for his sarcasm and humorous aggression towards other members of the show. He has also made guest appearances on shows such as Go! Wardrobe.

## Personal life

Oo is openly gay. He has lived and worked in Shanghai, China since 2013 though he travels often for television filming.
# 8th Cavalry Division (Russian Empire)

The 8th Cavalry Division (Russian: 8-я кавалерийская дивизия, romanized: 8-ya Kavaleriiskaya Diviziya) was a cavalry formation of the Russian Imperial Army, part of the 8th Army Corps. It was headquartered at Kishinev by 1914.

## History

The division was formed on 27 July 1875 from the 2nd Brigade of the 4th Cavalry Division, reinforced by a Don Cossack Regiment.

## Organization

The division included the following units in 1914:
* 1st Brigade (Tiraspol)
** 8th Astrakhan Dragoon Regiment (Tiraspol)
** 8th Voznesensk Uhlan Regiment (Beltsy)
* 2nd Brigade (Odessa)
** 8th Lubny Hussar Regiment (Kishinev)
** 8th Don Cossack Regiment (Odessa)
* 8th Horse Artillery Battalion (Kishinev)
** 15th Horse Artillery Battery (Kishinev)
** 1st Don Cossack Battery (Bendery)

## Commanders

The following officers commanded the division:
* 1875–1885 Alexander Nikolaevich Manvelov
* 1899–1904: Vladimir Alexandrovich Bekman

## Chiefs of Staff

* 1875–1880: Alexander Kaulbars
* 1889–1893: Andrey Selivanov
# Meatball sandwich

The meatball sandwich is a common sandwich that is a part of several cuisines, including Italian-American cuisine and American cuisine.

## Overview

The sandwich primarily consists of meatballs, a tomato sauce or marinara sauce, and bread, such as Italian bread, baguette and bread rolls. Cheese such as provolone and mozzarella is sometimes used as an ingredient. Additional ingredients can include garlic, green pepper and butter, among others. It is sometimes prepared in the form of a submarine sandwich.

## History

It has been suggested that the meatball sandwich was invented in the United States around the time of the turn of the 20th century.

## Gallery

* A meatball sandwich with marinara sauce, mozzarella and roasted peppers
* A meatball sandwich prepared using a bun
* A meatball sandwich with onion rings at a London restaurant
* Broodje bal with gravy in the Netherlands
* A Vietnamese-style bánh mì with meatballs
* A sandwich with kofta in Turkey
# Undenama

Undenama is a 2023 Indian Kannada-language comedy film directed by K L Rajashekar. It stars Komal, Dhanya Balakrishna, Thabla Nani and Harish Raj. It was released theatrically on 14 April 2023.

## Cast

* Komal Kumar as Venkatesh a.k.a. Venky
* Dhanya Balakrishna as Preethi
* Tabla Nani as Venkatesh's father
* Harish Raj as Krishna
* KGF Sampath
* Bank Janardhan
* Thanisha Kuppanda
* Vaishnavi
* Apoorva
* Kuri Prathap
* Giri

## Reception
### Critical response

Pratibha Joy from OTT Play wrote "Undenaama would have perhaps worked if it had been made a couple of decades ago. The subject is jaded, as are the actors, making it quite lacklustre. The film dropped on Sun NXT on June 2. Watch it only if you can’t find anything better or actually like this kind of cinema". A reviewer of Udayavani says "More attention could have been given to the songs and background music of the movie. Apart from that, the cinematography and editing of the movie make "Undenama" look good". Vinay Lokesh from The Times of India wrote "Undenamma is a typical comedy film with a bit of crime elements that lives up to the billing. Dhanya Balakrishna does her best with limited opportunities. Undenamma is a good one time watch".
# Art house (disambiguation)

Art house or Arthouse may refer to:
* Arthouse film, a genre of filmmaking
* The Art House, an arts venue in Wakefield, in England
* Arthouse at the Jones Center, a museum in Austin, Texas
* Arthouse Entertainment, a Los Angeles-based music publishing company
* Lego Builder's Journey, a video game originally developed as Lego Arthouse
* Old Kerosene Store, home of the Kidogo Arthouse, in Fremantle, Western Australia
# I'm Still Dancin' with You

"I'm Still Dancin' with You" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Wade Hayes. It was released in March 1995 as the second single from his debut album, Old Enough to Know Better. The song reached number 4 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in June 1995. It was written by Hayes and Chick Rains.

## Content

The narrator states that even though he is no longer with his former lover, whenever he dances with another person he still thinks of the former lover.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Steven Goldmann and premiered in early 1995. It was filmed in Austin, Texas.

## Chart performance

"I'm Still Dancin' with You" debuted at number sixty-two on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of March 18, 1995.
| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 6 |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard) | 13 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 4 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1995) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 58 |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 63 |
# PS Lune (1892)

PS Lune was a paddle steamer passenger vessel operated by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway from 1892 to 1913.

## History

Lune was built by T.B. Seath & Co. of Rutherglen for the Irish Sea joint service of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway and London and North Western Railway in 1892. She operated a passenger service from Fleetwood to Heysham with pleasure trips also to Blackpool and Morecambe.
In June 1913 she was sold to Cosens & Co Ltd in Weymouth and operated as PS Melcombe Regis on Cosen's Admiralty contract as a tender between Portland and Navy vessels at anchorage outside the harbour.
In 1918 the vessel was transferred to the inshore minesweeping service working in and around Belfast Lough and was based at Larne. In November of that year she was released back to her owners and in 1919 was laid up at Weymouth still in her wartime grey.
She was scrapped in 1923/4 at Felixstowe.
# Noise (Kenny Chesney song)

"Noise" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in March 2016 as the first single from his 2016 album Cosmic Hallelujah. Chesney wrote this song with Ross Copperman, Shane McAnally, and Jon Nite.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Shaun Silva and premiered in May 2016.

## Commercial performance

"Noise" entered the U.S. Billboard Country Airplay chart at number 21 during its first week of release, making this Chesney's record-extending ninth top 25 debut. The song debuted on the Hot Country Songs chart at number 33. The following week, when it was released for sale, the song debuted at number 2 on the Country Digital Songs chart, selling 33,000 copies. Afterward, it then rose to number 14 on Hot Country Songs. As of August 2016, the song has sold 214,000 copies in the United States.

## Certifications

Certifications for "Noise" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Daugherty, Missouri

Daugherty is a populated place in central Cass County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is on Missouri Route 7 five miles southeast of Harrisonville and approximately 5.5 miles northwest of Garden City. The site is at an elevation of 892 feet and just west of Eight Mile Creek.

## History

Daugherty was platted in 1885, and named after James Daugherty, one of the founders. A variant name was "Eight Mile". A post office called Eight Mile was established in 1877, and remained in operation until 1935.
# K G Mustafa

K G Mustafa (c. 1928 – 13 March 2010) was a Bangladeshi journalist who served as Ambassador for a brief period. He was awarded Ekushey Padak by the Government of Bangladesh in 1999.

## Early life and education

Mustafa was born to Khondakar Wasiuzzaman and Tahiatunnesa. He passed matriculation examination in 1944 from Banwarilal High School. He obtained BA (Hons) degree in political science from the University of Dhaka in 1951. He obtained MA degree in political science in 1957.

## Career

Mustafa started journalist as a profession while studying at Islamia College. He first joined the Daily Azad. He later also worked in the Dainik Insaf, Dainik Ittefaq, Bangladesh Observer, Dainik Purbokone, the weekly Dialogue, the Sangbad and Muktokantha. He was elected president of the All-Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists in 1970. He was the founder president of Bangladesh Federal Union of Journalists.
Mustafa was not a career diplomat. He was, however, a political appointee to the foreign service on contract. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's government appointed him to serve as an ambassador to Lebanon from 1973 to 1974, and again to Iraq from 1974 to 1975. Following a series of coup d'état in Bangladesh from August to November 1975 in which Rahman and his family were murdered, Mustafa chose not to return home and remained in Iraq as a private citizen until 1985.

## Personal life

Mustafa was married to actress and educationist Sabera Khatun (1934–2012). They had three sons – Sabir Mustafa, head of BBC Bengali Service, economist Shams Mustafa and advocate Sipar Mustafa.
# Tea garden

A tea garden is an outdoor space where tea and light refreshments are served, or any garden with which the drinking of tea is associated. Especially in India, it is also a common term for a tea plantation. The tea garden was a part of early English commercial pleasure gardens; often parties of couples visited these, the men occupying themselves with lawn bowls and beer or wine, while the ladies went to the tea garden. In modern times it often means an outside area at a cafe or tearoom.
In Japanese gardening, a roji is a particular style of relatively small garden, originally developed for the entry gardens to Japanese teahouses, intended to set the mood of guests arriving for the Japanese tea ceremony. These are designed almost exclusively to be seen from the path leading through them to the building, and tea would not normally be consumed in them. The style is suitable for smaller front gardens of houses, and has often been used for these, both in Japan and the West.
The term may sometimes be used for a herb garden specializing in herbs that are consumed as tea, such as chamomile, bee balm, peppermint, lemon balm, and lavender.
# Ilya Perfilyev

Ilya Perfilyev (Perfiryev) (Russian: Илья Перфильев (Перфирьев)) (1583–1659), was a Russian explorer, polar seafarer and a founder of Verkhoyansk. In the summer of 1633 he headed a group, consisted of merchant-and-industrial people and Yenisey and Tobolsk Cossacks. In 1634 he discovered the Yana River and the Yana-Indigirka Lowland.
# Actoprotector

Actoprotectors or synthetic adaptogens are compounds that enhance an organism's resilience to physical stress without increasing heat output. Actoprotectors are distinct from other performance-enhancing substances in that they increase physical and psychological resilience via non-exhaustive action. The term "actoprotector" is used to describe synthetic and isolated compounds possessing adaptogenic properties. By contrast, the term "adaptogen" is most often use to describe a natural herb as a whole, which can contain hundreds if not thousands of biologically active components.

## Distinction from psychostimulants

The term actoprotector was coined to distinguish between the pharmacologically distinct mechanism of action of psychostimulant drugs (especially substituted phenethylamines) and actoprotectors. Drugs of both classes can improve resilience to stress, but actoprotectors are presumed to do so via non-exhaustive action.
For example, at least part of the action of bromantane on improving physical resiliency is mediated by upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase, thereby indirectly increasing dopaminergic signaling in the brain. The action of amphetamine (a phenethylamine psychostimulant) on improving physical resiliency is primarily mediated by induction of dopamine and norepinephrine release from the neuronal vesicles. Clinically, it appears that the anti-asthenic effects of amphetamine quickly disappear within 24 hours of a prior dose, whereas the anti-asthenic effects of bromantane have been found to persist for at least one month after treatment cessation.

## Criteria

In a similar fashion to the term nootropic, the term actoprotector maintains various criteria:
* Have minimal [direct] pharmacological activity on biological receptors.
* Facilitate rapid recovery (by reducing central nervous system fatigue).
* Most effective in individuals with low to moderate baseline resilience to stress.
* Involve a complexity of biochemical processes.
* Decrease entropy of an organism (lowering oxygen consumption, body temperature, heart rate, etc).
* Possess efficacy that is independent of extreme conditions.
* Possess the ability to modify the pathology of pathogenic therapy agents.

## Chemical structure

Most actoprotectors fall into several groups depending on their chemical structure:
* Benzimidazole derivatives such as bemitil
* Adamantane derivatives such as bromantane
* Thiazoloindole derivatives
* Succinic acid and 3-hydroxypridine derivatives such as mexidol

## List of actoprotectors

* Bromantane
* Memantine
* Bemitil