OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Cazale filmography

John Cazale (1935—1978) was an American screen and stage actor who appeared in six feature films and seven theatrical productions before his early death from lung cancer aged 42. A character actor, Cazale holds the unique distinction of only appearing in feature films that were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture.
After appearing in a short film and an episode of the television series N.Y.P.D., Cazale made his feature film debut as Fredo Corleone in the Francis Ford Coppola-directed The Godfather (1972). Two years later, he reprised the role in The Godfather Part II. In 1974, he appeared in The Conversation, also directed by Coppola. In 1975, he starred as Salvatore Naturile opposite Pacino in the bank robbery film Dog Day Afternoon. His performance garnered him a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor.
In 1976, he starred in an off-Broadway production of Measure for Measure, opposite Meryl Streep, as well as a production of The Local Stigmatic. His final appearance on stage was as Agamemnon in the eponymous play in 1977.
In 1978, he starred alongside Robert De Niro and Christopher Walken in The Deer Hunter. The film was released posthumously. A film documentary tribute to Cazale, I Knew It Was You, was screened at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival

## Filmography

Table containing acting credits of John Cazale :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1962 | The American Way | Unknown | Short film, also editor |
| 1968 | N.Y.P.D. | Tom Andrews | Episode: "The Peep Freak" |
| 1972 | The Godfather | Fredo Corleone | |
| 1974 | The Conversation | Stan | |
| 1974 | The Godfather Part II | Fredo Corleone | |
| 1975 | Dog Day Afternoon | Salvatore Naturile? | |
| 1978 | The Deer Hunter | Stan | Posthumous release |

## Theatre credits

Table containing acting credits of John Cazale :
| Year | Title | Role | Theatre | Notes |
| 1962 | J.B | Performer | Master Theatre, New York | |
| 1968 | The Indian Wants the Bronx It's Called the Sugar Plum | Gupta East Indian | Astor Place Theatre, Off-Broadway | |
| 1971 | Acrobats & Line | Dolan (line) | Lucille Lortel Theatre, Off-Broadway | |
| 1975 | The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui | Joseph Goebbels | The Public Theatre, Off-Broadway | |
| 1976 | The Local Stigmatic | Performer | The Public Theatre, Off-Broadway | |
| 1976 | Measure for Measure | Angelo | Delacorte Theatre, Off-Broadway | |
| 1977 | Agamemnon | Agamemnon Aegisthu | Vivian Beaumont Theatre, Broadway | Replaced by Jamil Zakkai after first preview |
# Smallest grammar problem

In data compression and the theory of formal languages, the smallest grammar problem is the problem of finding the smallest context-free grammar that generates a given string of characters (but no other string). The size of a grammar is defined by some authors as the number of symbols on the right side of the production rules. Others also add the number of rules to that. A grammar that generates only a single string, as required for the solution to this problem, is called a straight-line grammar.
Every binary string of length $n$ has a grammar of length $O(n/\log n)$, as expressed using big O notation. For binary de Bruijn sequences, no better length is possible.
The (decision version of the) smallest grammar problem is NP-complete. It can be approximated in polynomial time to within a logarithmic approximation ratio; more precisely, the ratio is $O(\log {\tfrac {n}{g}})$ where $n$ is the length of the given string and $g$ is the size of its smallest grammar. It is hard to approximate to within a constant approximation ratio. An improvement of the approximation ratio to $o(\log n/\log \log n)$ would also improve certain algorithms for approximate addition chains.
# Alex Elliott

Alexander Elliott (born April 24, 1987) is a Canadian former soccer player. Elliott retired from playing in 2012 and entered the coaching world of soccer. Elliott is a UEFA A Licensed Coach.

## Career
### Youth

Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Elliott attended Summerland Secondary School and Magee Secondary School in Vancouver, and played for Columbus FC of the Vancouver Men's league (VMSL) in 2004 Elliott earned the league's golden boot with 12 goals in 16 matches at the age of 16. In 2006 Elliott played in the Pacific Coast Soccer League for Whitecaps FC Reserves with whom he won the championship. Elliott then went on to play three years of college NCAA soccer at the University of Portland. He was named to the WCC All-Freshman Team and started all 19 matches in his first season with the Pilots in 2005, earned All-West Coast Conference Team honours as a sophomore in 2006, and went on to earn All-West Coast Conference First Team honours in 2007, adding WCC points, assist, and game-winning goals leader. Elliott Finished a 3-year NCAA Career with 21 goals and 10 Assists, a point per game average over 52 matches. Elliott occasionally captioned the U15, U17 and U20 Team Canada squads throughout his youth.

### Professional

Elliott opted out of the MLS draft and turned professional in 2008 when he signed with Sportfreunde Siegen of the German Bundesliga 3, making seven appearances, With 3 assists. At the summer break of 2008, Elliott was sold to FSV Mainz 05 of the German Bundesliga 1. He played extensively for Mainz's reserves, making 23 appearances and scoring two goals while adding 6 assists.
Elliott returned to Canada in the summer of 2010 when he joined the Vancouver Whitecaps Appearing in 14 of the final 16 matches in the 2010 season.
Elliott then returned to the German Bundesliga to play for former club SportFreunde Siegen Sportfreunde Siegen from 2010 to 2012 scoring 7 goals in 34 matches. Elliott retired from playing in 2012.

### International

Elliott has represented Canada at U-15, U-17, U-20 and Men's futsal team levels. He scored two goals in eight matches with the U-17 squad and was a member of the U-17 group that competed in the 2003 CONCACAF Qualifying Tournament. Later he was a member of the U-20 squad that competed in the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup, Scoring 13 goals in 27 Friendly matches over his two years with the U-20 team, Acting as team Co-Capitan. In 2008 Elliott was not released by SF Siegen to join the U23 Canadian Team at Olympic Qualifying. In 2012 Elliott joined the Canadian national futsal team at the 2012 CONCACAF futsal world cup qualifiers in Guatemala. Elliott was the team's top goalscorer with 4 goals in the CONCACAF futsal world cup qualifiers. Elliott retired from playing directly after the tournament.

### Business

Elliot is the founding director and current president of Toca Canada, a business that develops youth soccer players with high level coaching, data collection and quick-response technology. It is a growing brand that helps develop the game in North America and Europe.
# Bamba, Guinea

Bamba is a village in the Nzérékoré Prefecture in the Nzérékoré Region of south-eastern Guinea. It is located north of Nzérékoré city.
# Bear Sanctuary Müritz

The Bear Sanctuary Müritz (German: Bärenwald Müritz) near Stuer in the north-east of Germany is a project that provides a species-appropriate home for mistreated and neglected captive bears.

## Background

Since 2006 Bear Sanctuary Müritz offers alternative accommodations for bears originating from poor keeping conditions in Germany. During this time, the sanctuary has also become home to bears from Poland, Albania and Serbia. It is the biggest bear sanctuary in Western Europe.

## Location and size

The sanctuary is situated in Mecklenburg Lake District area in the north-east of Germany. The park is on the southern tip of lake Plauer See, one of the largest lakes in this region. The sanctuary was named after the national park and lake Müritz, which is situated close to the sanctuary and is a well-known tourist destination. The sanctuary comprises 16 ha, of which 12 ha are built up with large outdoor enclosures that offer a varied landscape with mixed woodland, grasslands, forest glades, hillsides and a natural water course.

## Number and origin of bears

The sanctuary provides a home for brown bears that were kept in inadequate conditions in zoos, circuses or private captivity. Sixteen brown bears live in the outdoor enclosures. Some bears live in pairs or groups, whereas others prefer to live by themselves. A socialization process and evaluation take place before Four Paws experts decide to have bears live with one another permanently. The first bears that arrived on October 15, 2006, were "Lothar" and "Sindi". The most recent arrivals to the sanctuary are "Sylvia" and "Pavle", the last circus bears from Serbia who have lived at the sanctuary since November 2017. Other bears include Michal, Tapsi, Dushi, Felix, Rocco, Ida, Luna, Marei, Mascha, Otto, and Clara.

## Education and visitor service

Bear Sanctuary Müritz is open for visitors all year long. Visitors can take a walk through the park, experience the bears in their natural environment and learn more about wildlife species. Special visitor attractions established in recent years are the nature visitor trail, the "bear academy" and the "boulevard of the region".
# Dalit studies

Dalit studies is a new field of research in India which looks at the problem of marginalised groups, namely Dalits, tribals, religious minorities, women from excluded groups, denotified tribes, physically challenged and similar groups in economic, social and political spheres. Dalit studies scholars also undertake research on the nature and forms of discrimination and social exclusion faced by marginalised groups.
The broad objectives of Dalit studies can be delineated as follows:
* To undertake research to develop an understanding of the consequences of social exclusion and discrimination on economic growth and poverty, education, health, political participation and on the well-being of the marginalised social groups.
* To undertake research on policies to overcome discrimination, particularly 'exclusion and discrimination-induced deprivation' and its consequences.
* To provide knowledge support to policy-making bodies to develop inclusive policies.
* To provide knowledge support to international development and funding agencies to enable them to shape their approach and funding policies towards problems of excluded groups.
* To provide knowledge-support to civil society organisations at the grassroot, state and national levels.

## Institutions

* Indian Institute of Dalit Studies (IIDS) situated in New Delhi, headed by Sukhadeo Thorat.
# Bernardino de Figueroa

Bernardino de Figueroa (c.1510-November 1586) was a Spanish composer, afterwards Archbishop of Brindisi in Italy.
Figueroa entered the chapel choir in 1518 and was the first maestro de capilla at the Royal Chapel of Granada until 1551, being succeeded by Rodrigo de Ceballos in 1561. He wrote letters recommending the musical theorist Fray Juan Bermudo and in the latter's Perfecting the perfect instrument 1555, a treatise on playing the vihuela, Figueroa was listed before Cristóbal de Morales as having checked and approved the text.
From 26 November 1571 until his death he was Archbishop of Brindisi.
None of Figueroa's compositions is known to survive.
# Berasb

Berasb (Persian: براسب, also Romanized as Berāsb) is a village in Margavar Rural District, Silvaneh District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 815, in 117 families.
# Guy Cousineau

Guy Cousineau (born June 4, 1937) was the last mayor of the city of Vanier before it was amalgamated with Ottawa in 2001.
He was born in Eastview, which was later renamed Vanier, in 1937, the son of Trefflé Cousineau and Augustine Charette. His grandfather, Jean-Baptiste Charette, was mayor of Eastview in 1936. Cousineau was first elected to Vanier city council in 1974, was Vanier's regional councillor from 1988 to 1991 and became mayor in 1991. He succeeded Gisèle Lalonde to become the 17th and last mayor of the city.
Cousineau was employed at Bell Canada. He married Raymonde Proulx in 1962 and Yolande Patry in 1984.
# Philip L. B. Iglehart

Philip L. B. Iglehart (1913 – February 9, 1993) was a Chilean American polo player.

## Biography

Philip Iglehart was born in Chile in 1913. He was educated at the Lawrence School in New York City, the Aiken Preparatory School in Aiken, South Carolina, St. Paul's School in New Hampshire and Yale University.
During the Second World War, he served as Vice President for operations in the Pacific Ocean of Grace Lines, a shipping company. He then operated a cattle ranch and orange groves near Lake Okeechobee, Florida. From 1964 until 1974, he owned a farm near the Baltimore Country Club in Baltimore, Maryland.
He established the Gulfstream Polo Club in Lake Worth, Florida. He helped find a new location for the Meadowbrook Polo Club after it was taken by the construction of a highway. In 1988, he founded the Museum of Polo and Hall of Fame alongside H. Jeremy Chisholm, Leverett S. Miller, and George C. Sherman, Jr.
He had two sons and one daughter. His brother was Stewart Iglehart. He lived in Lake Worth, Florida.
# Bambafouga

Bambafouga is a town in mid southern Guinea.

## Transport

It is a proposed junction on the future standard gauge Transguinean Railways.
# Valdo (footballer, born 1988)

Valdomiro Soares Eggres (born 8 February 1988), simply known as Valdo, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays for Nakhon Pathom United in Thai League 1 as a forward.
After playing for a host of clubs in Brazil, on 27 June 2014 he signed for Cypriot club Ethnikos Achna.

## Honour

Nongbua Pitchaya
* Thai League 2 Champions : 2020–21
# Sanna 77

The Sanna-77 (from South Africa) is the end of a line of submachine guns which can trace their existence and lineage to the days of Rhodesia and their Unilateral Declaration of Independence in 1965.

## History

The small landlocked Rhodesian state faced international sanctions and an arms-embargo from 1965 as well as guerrilla warfare from 1966 and so began producing their own arms. Having been supplied a quantity of the now ubiquitous Uzi submachine gun, Rhodesia set up facilities to produce a similar sub-gun based on the CZ-25 which incidentally was also the inspiration for the Uzi.
The first attempt was the LDP, which was taken from the initials of the manufacturing firm (Lacoste Engineering) and the engineer/designer (Alex DuPlessis), although many Rhodesians felt that it stood for "Land Defence Pistol". The LDP was strikingly based upon the CZ or Vz-25 series of sub-guns, which was the first to have a telescoping bolt and a magazine situated inside the pistol grip of the weapon.
It is not exactly clear when the production moved south of Rhodesia to South Africa but it appears that some production began in the early 1970s. The name changed to the Kommando-LDP, the Kommando making extensive use of plastics in the frame. The Kommando was tested as a potential submachine gun for use with "Counter-Terror Forces" as well as having a semi-auto version for civilian use with a three-round burst facility. However the Kommando, which used an Uzi magazine, proved somewhat unreliable as the selector would sometimes trip between semi-, burst- or full-auto mode. It essentially failed as both a civilian product as well as a military one, the South African Defence Force using either the Israeli Uzi or the locally South African produced Milkor BXP submachine gun.
Dogged by unreliability, legislative restrictions on licences and being no more than a heavy semi-auto pistol, the Sanna-77 was a commercial failure. The Sanna-77 has long since ceased to be produced and is no longer commercially available.

## Description

The Sanna-77 was of all metal construction, unlike the plastic framed Kommando LDP, and has the magazine in the grip and a folding metal stock. The front sight was hooded and the cocking handle located high on the left side of the receiver. The Sanna-77 is not really a submachine gun, being made for civilian use only and therefore, due to legal restrictions, only available in the semi-auto mode of fire. It is therefore better termed a pistol-caliber carbine rather than a submachine gun.
# Postal codes in Hungary

Postal codes in Hungary are four-digit numeric postcodes administered by Magyar Posta, the postal service of Hungary. The current system was introduced on 1 January 1973.

## Structure

The first digit of the code is the postal region number, each of which has a major city as its postal centre:
* 1xxx Budapest
* 2xxx Szentendre
* 3xxx Hatvan
* 4xxx Debrecen
* 5xxx Szolnok
* 6xxx Kecskemét
* 7xxx Sárbogárd
* 8xxx Székesfehérvár
* 9xxx Győr
Not all of the above are county capitals: Hatvan, Sárbogárd and Szentendre are major cities, but not county capitals. They are, however, all well communicated cities with big junctions.
In Budapest postal codes are in the format 1XYZ, where X and Y are the two digits of the district number (from 01 to 23) and the last digit is the identification number of the post office in the district (there is more than one in each district).
A special system exists for PO box deliveries, which do not follow the district system. These special postal codes refer to a specific post office rather than an area. The "1000" postal code designates the Countrywide Logistics Centre, which is currently located outside the 1000 region, in Budaörs, which is in the 2000 region.
The rest of the country is structured as follows:
* County capitals are always designated a postcode ending with "00". Some other cities also have postal codes ending "00" without being a county capital.
* Cities generally have postcodes ending with "0".
* Smaller towns and villages have any other number.
Bigger cities were formerly divided into districts, which often lives on in postcodes. This can be confusing, as 3000 designates Hatvan, but 3001 does not designate District 1, but it is actually a PO Box postal code.

### Postcode search

Customers can search the Hungarian Postal Service website for postal codes or download the entire list as a spreadsheet.
# Diosma haelkraalensis

Diosma haelkraalensis, or Hagelkraal's diosma, is a rare species of plant endemic to the southwestern Cape Provinces of South Africa.

## Description

These shrubs grow 10–30 cm (0.33–0.98 ft) tall. The tough branches have rough bark and are bent at all angles. The branchlets are densely covered in small, hairless leaves which are oppositely arranged. They have glands towards the midrib and margins. The slightly transparent margins curve back the center of the leaf. Small white flowers are present between April and September. They occur singly or in pairs at the ends of branches.

## Distribution

Hagelkraal's diosma grows in crevices in the limestone of the Bredasdorp geological formation. It only occurs on an approximately 2.5 km (1.6 mi) stretch of the mountain range between Pearly Beach and Hagelkraal.

## Ecology

Flowers are pollinated by insects. The seeds are dispersed by ants, which take them underground.

## Chemical compounds

The leaves of Hagelkraal's diosma has been described as having the same scent as true buchus. Chemical analysis has shown that the leaves contain the same sulphurous chemical (8-mercaptop-methan-3-one) that produces this scent in Agathosoma species. This is the first time that this compound has been found in a different genus. This compound is in high demand from the flavour and fragrance industries which use small quantities to enhance flavours and fragrances. Hagelkraal's diosma was found to have higher concentrations of the compound than Agathosma crenulata and Agathosma betulina - the buchu species which are currently used for commercial production, although the overall yield was lower. while it is not currently used, this plant could be cultivated and utilised by the fragrance and flavour industries.

## Conservation

This species is considered to be critically rare.
# Rhona Graff

Rhona Graff is a long-standing executive assistant to Donald Trump and senior vice-president of the Trump Organization. She worked at Trump Tower in New York City for nearly thirty years prior to Trump's election to the United States Presidency, and has been described as Trump's 'gatekeeper'. Following Trump's election to the White House, Graff continued to handle his arrangements outside official engagements.

## Early life and education

Graff grew up the daughter of Carl Graff and Elsie Ratner Graff in the Queens borough of New York City. She holds a master's degree in psychology and education from Queens College.

## Career

In 1987, Graff heard of a job vacancy at Donald Trump's business and successfully applied for it. She has since held the positions of assistant to the president and senior vice-president within the Trump Organization, handling a large quantity of Trump's business activity and acting as occasional spokesperson. She has also appeared alongside Trump on NBC television show The Apprentice and has been a judge on Miss Teen USA.
Graff has been nicknamed "Trump's right hand". John Catsimatidis has similarly remarked, "If I really wanted to whisper something in his ear, I would probably go to Rhona". In a 2004 interview with Real Estate Weekly Graff stated, "Everybody knows in order to get through to him they have to go through me, so they are always on their best behavior". She has been a contributor to Inside Tennis magazine.

### Trump presidency

Since Trump's assumption of the US presidency, Graff reportedly communicated with Trump through his former White House assistant Madeleine Westerhout and former Deputy Chief of Staff, Katie Walsh.
Graff's name came to the attention of Congressional investigators of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections in August 2017 following reports that she appeared to be referred to by name by music publicist Rob Goldstone in an email to Trump's son, Donald Trump Jr, concerning the then-upcoming Veselnitskaya meeting in Trump Tower in June 2016, when Goldstone wrote: "I can also send this info to your father via Rhona, but it is ultra sensitive so wanted to send to you first". Goldstone also emailed Graff herself in July 2015, appearing to offer to help set up a meeting between Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin.

### Post-Trump Presidency

Graff was a witness for the prosecution in The People of the State of New York v. Donald J. Trump, the criminal case in which Trump was charged with 34 felony counts of falsifying business records to conceal payments made to the pornographic film actress Stormy Daniels to ensure her silence about a sexual encounter between them. Trump was found guilty of all 34 counts.

## Personal life

Graff lives in New York. In 1993, she married New York City's former Commissioner of Transportation, Lucius Joseph Riccio, in a ceremony performed by New York City Mayor David N. Dinkins at the Plaza Hotel, which was then owned by Donald Trump.
# Muhammad I ibn Pulad

Muhammad I ibn Pulad (Chagatai and Persian: محمد ابن پولاد; r. 1342–1343) was a Khan of the Chagatai Khanate. He was a great-great-grandson of Chagatai Khan Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq.
Not much is known about him. According to Shajrat ul Atrak, he tried to halt the political dissolution within his ulus. Muhammad was apparently Muslim judging by his name.
| Preceded by'Ali-Sultan | Khan of Chagatai Khanate 1342–1343 | Succeeded byQazan Khan ibn Yasaur |