OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wolfsberg Castle (Harz)

The ruins of Wolfsberg Castle (German: Burgruine Wolfsberg) lie on an eminence in the municipality of Wolfsberg in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. Of the once extensive mediaeval castle only a few foundation remnants survive.

## History

It is believed that Wolfsberg Castle, like its southeastern neighbour, Questenberg Castle, was built by the counts of Beichlingen-Rothenburg around the year 1300. Around 1309, it entered into the possession of the counts of Anhalt-Bernburg, who enfeoffed the castle. The new lords of the castle (Burgherren) were hostile towards their neighbours, the counts of Stolberg, and raided their estates. In 1320, after a legal decision in his favour, Count Henry of Stolberg took the law into his own hands and captured Wolfsberg Castle. In order to protect the estate from the claims of the House of Anhalt, he transferred it as a fief to Bishop Albert of Halberstadt and was officially enfeoffed with it on 18 December 1325 along with Erichsberg Castle.
At the end of 1326, Wolfsberg Castle was used as an expiatory object in the conflict over the castles of Ebersberg and Erichsberg. In later years, it was enfeoffed several times by the counts of Stolberg, but always with the option of being redeemed. Wolfsberg and Erichsberg remained fiefs of the Bishopric of Halberstadt.
The castle was damaged during the Peasants' War of 1525, but even prior to that it had become run down, because in 1511 repairs to its roof and walls were carried out at the behest of the comital Vogt of Stolberg, Volkmar of Morungen. From a report by the Wolfsberg Amtmann, Michel Sultzpach, to Count Wolfgang of Stolberg in 1549, it is understood that Haus Wolfsberg, together with its barns and livestock sheds, was rebuilt for 2,000 guilders. This leaves open the question as to whether it was referring to the castle or the manor of the estate of Wolfsberg which was built in 1524.
Wolfsberg was enfeoffed several times even in the early modern period, but finally fell into ruins in the 18th century for lack of maintenance.
51°33′05″N 11°05′58.5″E﻿ / ﻿51.55139°N 11.099583°E﻿ / 51.55139; 11.099583
# Alan Patrick Monegat

Alan Patrick Monegat (born 27 March 1983) is a Brazilian former football player.

## Career

Alan Monegat played in the 2005 Chilean Primera División with Deportes Melipilla, but couldn't prevent the club's relegation. He also made two appearances in the 2010 Campeonato Pernambucano for Central Sport Club.
# Pech, Ariège

Pech (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Puèg) is a commune in the Ariège department of southwestern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Pech are called Péchois in French.
# Kantonspolizei Zurich

The Kantonspolizei Zürich (literal translation: "Cantonal Police of Zürich") is the police department of the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. The Kantonspolizei Zürich exists within the cantonal legal structure to enforce criminal, security, and traffic law on behalf of the government of the canton of Zürich. It is empowered with the executive authority of the Direktion der Justiz und des Innern, the Department of Justice and Home Affairs of the Canton of Zürich.

## History

The Kantonspolizei Zürich was established in 1804 as the Landjäger-Corps des Kantons Zürich after the period of civil unrest known as the Bockenkrieg.[de] Its administrative seat was formed in the City of Zürich in 1901.
In the same year, the Kantonspolizei founded the first museum of crime to exist in Switzerland, the Kriminalmuseum der Kantonspolizei Zürich. The museum, originally used only for training of new recruits, opened to the public in 1958.
The Kantonspolizei Zürich is the legally responsible police force in all municipalities in the canton of Zürich, including the City of Zürich, for matters pertaining to cantonal law.

## Duties

The Kantonspolizei Zürich is responsible for law enforcement at the Zurich Airport, as well as anti-terror protection in the widest sense and the control of potentially dangerous demonstrations and riots. One notable incident of major police action was the Opernhauskrawalle youth protest on 30/31 May 1980 at the Sechseläutenplatz in Zürich, documented in the 2000 Swiss documentary film Züri brännt. Another incident was the 1968 Globuskrawalle, rioting that took place at the former Globus department store building at the Bahnhofbrücke Zürich.
Further duties of the Kantonspolizei Zürich include the support of its municipal police stations, road patrol and control, criminal investigation, and water policing on Lake Zürich.
The Kantonspolizei Zürich is the largest police force in Switzerland, counting both personnel and financing. It comprises 3,800 full-time positions, of which 2,247 are police officers, including about 100 Sicherheitsassistenten (security assistants) at the Zurich Airport, as of January 2015. The KZ also provides the ePolice internet service, and has run the Kriminalmuseum (criminal museum) in its headquarters since 1959. It maintains an international exchange program with police forces in other countries.

## Gallery

* The historic Kaserne building of the police force in Zürich.
* Movag Eagle IV of the Zurich Cantonal Police at Zurich Airport
* The historic police station at Rathausbrücke Zürich–Limmatquai.
* Motorboat in Wollishofen at the shipyards of Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft ZSG in March 2011.
* Kantonspolizei Zürich speedboat nearby Horgen, as seen from the ZSG paddle steamship.
# Penshurst Park

Penshurst Park Cricket Ground, also known as the Earl of Leicester's Park, is a cricket ground at Penshurst in Kent. It is one of the oldest cricket venues in England. Part of the Penshurst Place estate, it hosted its first recorded match in 1724.

## History

Penshurst Park is known to have been the venue for matches played as early as the 1720s. It is first recorded in 1724 for a match involving a combined Penshurst, Tonbridge & Wadhurst team against Dartford Cricket Club. and then in the 1728 English cricket season when it was used for two matches organised by Kent patron Edwin Stead against teams led by the 2nd Duke of Richmond and Sir William Gage. In 1729, Stead used it as his home venue for another match against Sir William Gage's XI.
A number of matches were played by a Penshurst club in the mid-19th century. The ground is the home of the modern Penshurst Cricket Club.
# 542nd Grenadier Division

The 542nd Grenadier Division (German: 542. Grenadier-Division) was a German military unit during World War II.

## History

The 542. Sperr-Division was created on 8 July 1944 as part of the 29th Aufstellungswelle in Truppenübungsplatz Stablack. On 15 July 1944, the Division was renamed 542. Grenadier-Division and sent to the Eastern Front as part of Army Group Centre.
On 12 August 1944, the unit was renamed 542nd Infantry Division, and again renamed on 9 October 1944 to 542nd Volksgrenadier Division.
The Division was pushed into the Hel Peninsula during the Soviet East Prussian offensive and surrendered in April 1945

## Commanders

* Generalleutnant Karl Löwrick (23 July 1944 - 8 April 1945), KIA
# A Crying in the Night

A Crying in the Night is a 1979 Australian radio play written by Anthony Scott Veitch about Frederick Bailey Deeming. It originally aired 22 April 1979 and was the Sunday Play on the ABC.
The script won an Awgie Award for Best Original Radio Script.
# Al-Bazdawi

Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ibn Muhammad al-Bazdawi (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن محمد البَزدَوي) (c. 1010-1089 A.D.), known with the honorific title of Fakhr al-Islam (the pride of Islam), was a leading Hanafi scholar in the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. He is author of the acclaimed Kanz al-Wusul ila Ma'refat al-Usul (Arabic: کنز الوصول إلی معرفة الأصول, lit. 'The Treasure of Obtaining in Knowledge of Legal'), popularly known as Usul al-Bazdawi, a seminal work in Hanafi Usul al-Fiqh.
'Abd al-Qadir ibn Abi al-Wafa' al-Qurashi (d. 775/1373) has praised him in his Hanafi biographical dictionary, Al-Jawahir al-Mudiyya fi Tabaqat al-Hanafiyya (Arabic: الجواهر المضية في طبقات الحنفية).

## Works

His most famous book is Kanz al-Wusul ila Ma'refat al-Usul (Arabic: کنز الوصول إلی معرفة الأصول), popularly known as Usul al-Bazdawi, which is a seminal book in Hanafi Usul al-Fiqh and was a standard teaching text for centuries.
In this work, he focuses on issues such as rules and methods of determining a variety of sources and methods for making the right decision and discourses on rules of working with texts, and so on. The Uzbek Academy of Sciences has more than a dozen copies of this work.
The book has generated numerous commentaries, the most popular of which being Kashf al-Asrar (Arabic: کشف الأسرار، شرح أصول البزدوي) by 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Bukhari (d. 730/1329).
His other works include:
* Sharh al-Jami' al-Kabeer, and Sharh al-Jami' al-Sagheer (Commentaries on al-Jami' al-Kabeer, and al-Jami' al-Sagheer by Muhammad al-Shaybani).
* Sharh al-Jami' al-Sahih (Commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari).
* Al-Mabsut fi Furu' al-Fiqh (An Extensive Book on Branches of Fiqh).
* Kitab al-Muyassar fi al-Kalam (Elementary Hand-book for Dialectical Theology), a manuscript of which still survives.
He also wrote on Tafsir (Qur'anic exegesis).

## Teachers

Al-Bazdawi studied under Shams al-A'imma 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Halwani (d. 456/1064) who was also a teacher to Al-Sarakhsi.

## Students

* Sadr al-Islam Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi (his younger brother)
* Najm al-Din Abu Hafs Umar al-Nasafi
# Maailman toisella puolen

"Maailman toisella puolen" (English: On the Other Side of the Globe) is a Finnish-language song by Finnish pop rock band Haloo Helsinki!. Released on 8 April 2011 by EMI Finland as the second single from the band's third studio album III, the song peaked at number three on the Finnish Singles Chart in April 2011 and has sold gold in the country with over 12,000 copies.
# Beachball (song)

"Beachball" is a song by German production team Nalin & Kane, released in June 1997 as a single. It was number-one for four weeks on the Canadian RPM Dance/Urban chart and reached number two in Spain, number 10 in Germany and number 19 in Switzerland. The song also reached the top 40 in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Italy and the Netherlands.
A Tall Paul remix of the song reached number seven in Ireland and number 17 in the United Kingdom in October 1998.

## Critical reception

Pan-European magazine Music & Media wrote, "Bouncing onto the airwaves comes a summery helping of minimalistic trance. This German production duo have come up with a sparsely arranged and yet remarkably tuneful number. With the proper support—and the proverbial little bit of luck—Messrs Nalin and Kane should be able to emulate the massive chart success they enjoyed in their homeland a couple of months ago. In spite of their length—which undoubtedly renders them less than suitable for mainstream radio play—the selection of remixes on offer is also well worthy of further investigation."
Chris Finan from Music Week's RM Dance Update gave "Beachball" four out of five, commenting, "German duo Nalin & Kane get a run of only 2,000 copies on this release from Hooj. Chill-out trance is a simple guide to this tune—it has moody electro influences but with a steady beat which gives this an amazing flexibility as to where and when it can be played. Sometimes minimal, sometimes drifty but always mesmerising in its four mixes. The Seaside mix works best, though, featuring the greater of the hooks and probably appealing more to the mainstream than the others. Shame it's limited really."

## Impact and legacy

In 2018, Mixmag ranked "Beachball" among "The 15 Best Mid-90s Trance Tracks", writing that it "is as sun-soaked as it gets and tailor-made for Ibiza shores, from the track title to the lyrics about beaches and oceans. There are even bird chirps thrown into the breakdown for good measure. Proper hands in the air fare."

## Track listings

* CD maxi-single (Europe, 1997)
* "Beachball" (Vocal Radio Edit) – 3:52
* "Beachball" (Original Radio Edit) – 3:57
* "Beachball" (Extended Vocal Mix) – 7:36
* "Beachball" (Original Club Mix) – 10:23
* "Beachball" (Sea Side Mix) – 8:10
* CD maxi-single Remix (Europe, 1997)
* "Beachball" (Sharam Baywatch Remix) – 9:32
* "Beachball" (Shahin & Simon Remix) – 5:43
* "Beachball" (Daniel Klein & Basti Remix) – 9:51
* "Beachball" (Tom Civic Remix) – 6:12

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Veduga

The Veduga (Russian: Ве́дуга) is a right tributary of the river Don, flowing through the northwestern corner of Voronezh Oblast in Russia. It is 94 kilometres (58 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 1,570 square kilometres (610 sq mi). It is meandering, never wider than 15 metres (49 ft), and never deeper than 3 metres (10 ft). There are settlements almost continuously along its banks; the nearest large town is Semiluki.
# Save Zimbabwe

Save Zimbabwe is a broad coalition of organizations spearheaded by the Zimbabwe Christian Alliance (CA). Members include the Movement for Democratic Change and other opposition parties, church groups, civil rights groups and trade unions.
The campaign's stated aims are to restore democracy, human rights and legitimate government to Zimbabwe through providing early, free and fair elections under proper international supervision. Its chief spokesman is Ephraim Tapa, former president of the Civil Service Employees Union in Zimbabwe.

## Prayer Rally

On 11 March 2007 Zimbabwe police broke up a Save Zimbabwe prayer rally, arresting over 100 people, including the leader of the Movement for Democratic Change, Morgan Tsvangirai. Zimbabwe police claimed that the prayer rally violated a government ban on political protests. In the resulting unrest one opposition activist, Gift Tandare, was shot dead by police.
# Miroslav Pribanić

Miroslav Pribanić (born 22 June 1946 in Bjelovar) was a Croatian handball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics.
He was part of the Yugoslav team which won the gold medal at the Munich Games. He played all six matches and scored twelve goals.
He played for Croatian squad Partizan from Bjelovar, that ruled Croatian, Yugoslav and European handball in the 1970s.
# Angélique Cénas

Angélique Cénas, stage name Mademoiselle Cénas (c. 1757–fl. 1790), was a French stage actress and opera singer.
She was born to the French actress Barbe Marguerite Henry and the French silk merchant Jean-Baptiste Coudurier. In 1770, she took the name of her stepfather, the balett dancer Gaspard Cénas. In 1781, she married the French opera singer Pierre-Henri de Moulinneuf ('Montroze').
She was born in Stockholm in Sweden, were her mother and stepfather was engaged at the Swedish royal court theatre.
She made her debut as a child at the Du Londel Troupe, where she was engaged until 1771. She left Sweden with her family when the French theater were dissolved by king Gustav III of Sweden.
Angélique Cénas performed heroine parts in both comedy and tragedy, and was also an opera singer. She toured with her mother and sister in The Netherlands, the Austrian Netherlands and France with success. She was engaged as first premier opera primadonna and soubrette at the Théâtre de la Monnaie of Brussels between 1779 and 1783. She performed at both Théâtre-Italien and Comédie-Française in Paris in 1783, and was engaged at the French theatre in Amsterdam between 1784 and 1787. She was engaged at Liège in 1788-1790.
# Sargeant Bay Provincial Park

Sargeant Bay Provincial Park, is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located just west of the community of Sechelt on the southern Sunshine Coast. Created in 1990 at 57 ha. in size, the park was expanded to approximately 146 ha. in 1997.
# Nikolay Tess

Nikolay Vladimirovich Tess (Latvian: Nikolajs Tess, Russian: Николай Тэсс; 1921 – December 7, 2006) was one of the few functionaries in charge of political repressions in the former Soviet Union who were convicted for this activity.

## Biography

Tess joined the Latvian division of the NKVD in May 1945, having previously seen combat during both the Winter War and World War II. In 1949 he took part in the deportation program known as Operation Priboi, which saw tens of thousands of people deported from the Baltic states to inhospitable areas of Siberia. Tess, by now an agent of the Ministry of State Security, signed documents for the deportation of 138 people. At least eleven of the people deported died in exile.
Latvia gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. In 1998 Latvian authorities began investigating Tess' role in the deportations, and in March 2001 he was formally charged with genocide and crimes against humanity. Tess did not consider himself guilty, claiming that he was acting in the capacity for only 21⁄2 months and he was mainly in charge of verifying the match of the lists prepared by local administration against the Ministry lists. The Baltic Times reported that Tess claimed the deportees were treated well in Russia, and quoted him as saying "They were allowed to buy cows and goats – that's some genocide".
He was found guilty on December 16, 2003, and sentenced to 2 years of suspended imprisonment after a lengthy process delayed by ill health. The Russian government heavily criticised Latvia for the decision, and raised questions over the fairness of Tess' trial. Many human rights groups also raised concerns that Tess and other minor officials had been selectively prosecuted in order to appease growing anti-Russian sentiment in the country.
Tess appealed his conviction to the Latvian Supreme Court (unsuccessfully), and then the European Court of Human Rights, arguing that his rights under the ECHR had been violated because genocide had not yet been criminalised in 1949.
Tess died in a Riga hospital on December 7, 2006, at the age of 86. Following his death, his wife and brother continued his appeal in order to clear his name.
In 2014, the European Court of Human Rights declared the application of Nikolay Tess inadmissible. Concerning the merits, the complaint was rejected due to non-exhaustion of domestic remedies – Tess had not contested the law the conviction was based on before the Constitutional Court.
# Eric Houle

Eric David Houle (November 2, 1981 – March 26, 2011) was a placekicker who played in the Arena Football League (AFL) for the Arizona Rattlers.

## Early life

Houle attended Kearsley High School in Flint, Michigan, and was a student and a letterman in football and soccer. In football, he was a first team All-Big Nine Conference selection as a senior. In soccer, he was a three-time All-District selection.

## College career

Houle attended Saginaw Valley State University and was a kicker.

## Professional career

Eric Houle played for four arena football teams: the Las Vegas Gladiators (2006), New Orleans VooDoo (2007), Grand Rapids Rampage (2008), and the Arizona Rattlers (2008).

## Death

Houle died on March 27, 2011, after an automobile accident.
# The Southeast Asia Weekly

The Southeast Asia Weekly (SEA) is a weekly newspaper with articles written in both English language and Khmer language published in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. It got a license in 2006 by the Ministry of Information and changed its name from The Cambodia Weekly to The Southeast Asia Weekly overseen by Dr. Kao Kim Hourn, the President. It is printed in full-color tabloid format. The Southeast Asia Weekly is a not-for-profit newspaper that is affiliated with the University of Cambodia. All the content, views and opinions published pertain strictly to The Southeast Asia Weekly, and in no way reflect the views and policies of The University of Cambodia. The primary focus of The Southeast Asia Weekly is on three main pillars— education, culture and information.
It's said to focus more of their attention towards news related to the entire Southeast Asia region where everyone can get information pertaining to what is going on in their country.
# Peter Stafford (field hockey)

Peter Stafford (born 30 May 1978 in Christchurch, New Zealand) is a field hockey player from New Zealand. He won the silver medal at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in the men's team competition.
# J cut

In film editing, a J cut is a type of film transition in which the audio from a following scene overlaps the picture from the preceding scene, so that the audio portion of the later scene starts playing before its picture as a lead-in to the visual cut. Also called an audio lead or audio advance, it is a variant of the technique.
The name of the cut refers to the shape of audio and video pieces of the second of two scenes cut together when it was done on analog film, forming a shape similar to the letter "J" on the timeline. The tail of the "J" represents the audio from the next clip, while the main body represents the video from the previous clip. This technique has been applied since sound film first appeared.
# Rena Lee

Rena Lee is the ambassador for Singapore Oceans and Law of the Sea issues, special envoy of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, and ambassador for international law. She is also the chief executive of the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS), having taken over from Daren Tang. She was included in the Leaders category of Time Magazine's 2024 list of the 100 most influential people for her chairing of successful final negotiations, leading to an agreed text for the first international agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) more simply known as the High Seas Treaty.

## Education and career

Lee graduated with a master’s degree in law from the National University of Singapore in 1998. She joined the Singapore Ministry of Defence in 1992 and began her practice of international law. She joined the Bar in 1993 and the Singapore attorney general’s chambers in 2008. She is a member of the Legal and Technical Commission of the International Seabed Authority and was Minister-Counsellor at the Hague Diplomatic Office of Singapore in the Netherlands. In 2020 Lee became the CEO of the Singapore Intellectual Property Office.
Lee was elected president of the UN Intergovernmental Conference on the High Seas Treaty or BBNJ agreement in 2018. Discussions had started in 2004 with formal talks following for many years thereafter. The high seas, which cover almost half of the planet, start where the borders of countries’ exclusive economic zones, up to 200 nautical miles from coastlines and continental shelves, end. The high seas therefore do not fall under the jurisdiction of any country.
The final negotiations of the High Seas treaty were lengthy but successful. As recognition of her careful, firm diplomacy with representatives of 193 nations, Lee was included in the 2024 Time magazine list of the 100 most influential people. The treaty is seen as an important first step towards conserving 30 per cent of the world's land and sea by 2030, a goal set as part of 30 by 30 in December 2023.
The treaty was then adopted in June 2023 by the entire UN membership and now needs to be signed and ratified by member countries. If 60 countries ratify the treaty, it will become legally binding.