# List of amphibians of Poland

Poland is inhabited by 18 amphibian species. They include five species of newts and salamanders from a single family, Salamandridae, as well as 13 frog and toad species from five families—Bombinatoridae, Bufonidae, Hylidae, Pelobatidae and Ranidae. All of them are protected by law.

## List of species
### Order Caudata
#### Family Salamandridae

Salamandridae, or true salamanders, are a family of terrestrial and aquatic salamanders, mostly distributed in Asia and Europe, although some species are found in North Africa and North America. Most species have slightly toxic skin secretions and many develop dorsal body and tail fins when they return to an aquatic stage. There are 109 species in 21 genera; of them, five species in four genera are found in Poland.
Salamandridae :
| Species | Common name | Distribution | Status |
| Lissotriton montandoni | Carpathian newt | Occurs in the southern areas of the Subcarpathian, Silesian, and Lesser Poland voivodeships | LC |
| Lissotriton vulgaris | smooth newt | Found in the whole country, most commonly in the lowlands, usually up to 1500 m altitude (1087 m in the Tatra Mountains, and 1250 m in the Karkonosze) | LC |
| Ichthyosaura alpestris | Alpine newt | Occurs in the Sudetes, the Carpathians, and the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, up to 1700 m altitude; in the Polish regions of the Tatra Mountains, it can be found at up to 1665 m altitude, in the Small Polish Pond of the Valley of the Five Polish Ponds; it is also fairly common in the Smreczyński Pond and the Gąsienicowa Valley | LC |
| Salamandra salamandra | fire salamander | Occurs at altitudes of 250 m to 1087 m in the Carpathian and the Sudety mountains, and up to 1000 m, rarely 1300 m, in the Tatra Mountains | LC |
| Triturus cristatus | northern crested newt | Found in the whole country, usually up to 300 m altitude, except the highest regions of the Tatra and the Sudety mountains | LC |

### Order Anura
#### Family Bombinatoridae

Bombinatoridae are an Old World toad family often referred to as fire-bellied toads because of their brightly coloured ventral sides which demonstrate their high toxicity. It includes ten species in two genera, Barbourula and Bombina, both of which have flattened bodies, of which two species from genus Bombina occur in Poland.
Bombinatoridae :
| Species | Common name | Distribution | Status | Image |
| Bombina bombina | European fire-bellied toad | Occurs in the lowlands of the country, but not en masse; up to 400 m attitude | LC | |
| Bombina variegata | yellow-bellied toad | Occurs primarily in the Carpathian Mountains and on their foothills, as well as in isolated localities in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland; according to other sources, it can also be found on the eastern foothills of the Sudetes and on the Krakowsko-Chrzanowski ridge | LC | |

#### Family Bufonidae

Bufonidae are a family of toads native to every continent except Australia and Antarctica. Bufonidae include the typical toads with shortened forelimbs, hindlimbs used for walking or hopping, dry warty skin, and parotoid glands behind eyes. The family contains 590 species in 50 genera, of which 3 species from genus Bufo are found in Poland.
Bufonidae :
| Species | Common name | Distribution | Status |
| Bufo bufo | common toad | Found in the whole country | LC |
| Bufotes viridis | European green toad | Found in the whole country, except the southernmost regions (according to some sources, it occurs rarely, if at all, in the Tatra Mountains, up to 1000 m attitude; it is commonly found on the southern slopes of the Pieniny mountains) | LC |
| Epidalea calamita | natterjack toad | Found in the whole country, except the Carpathian Mountains | LC |

#### Family Hylidae

Hylidae or tree frogs are the most diverse amphibian family with 951 species in 51 genera, and worldwide distribution. Most species inhabit tropical areas with warm and humid climate, especially the Neotropics. Hylids range from small to large in size and usually have distinct adhesive toe discs that contain a cartilage offsetting the terminal phalanx, which aids in climbing. The only genus found in Europe is Hyla, with 6 species out of 37 worldwide, and one in Poland.
Hylidae :
| Species | Common name | Distribution | Status | Image |
| Hyla arborea | European tree frog | Common in the whole country | LC | |

#### Family Pelobatidae

Pelobatidae, also known as spadefoot toads, are a small family of frogs with one genus and four species spread in Europe, Western Asia and North-western Africa. They have short legs, stocky bodies with vertical pupils and produce an odour similar to garlic. One of the four species inhabits the country.
Pelobatidae :
| Species | Common name | Distribution | Status | Image |
| Pelobates fuscus | common spadefoot | Occurs in the lowlands of the country, but not en masse; absent in the mountains | LC | |

#### Family Ranidae

Ranidae are a widespread family also known as true frogs. They have generalized frog body plans and a generalized aquatic tadpole stage. The family includes 379 species in 14 genera, of which six species in two genera occur in Poland.
Ranidae :
| Species | Common name | Distribution | Status |
| Pelophylax lessonae | pool frog | Found in the whole country, up to 800 m altitude | LC |
| Pelophylax ridibundus | marsh frog | Although rare, it can be found in the lowlands of the country | LC |
| Rana dalmatina | agile frog | Occurs in southeastern Poland, mainly in the southern regions of the Sandomierz Basin and on the adjacent Carpathian Foothills | LC |
| Rana temporaria | common frog | Found in the whole country | LC |
| Rana arvalis | moor frog | Common species in the lowlands of the country | LC |