OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nemer Saadé

Nemer Saadé (Arabic: نمر سعاده) (born September 29, 1976, in Beirut) is a Lebanese fashion designer who is the Creative Director of the eponymous luxury brand Nemer Saade.

## Biography

During the Lebanese Civil War, his family moved to Cairo, Egypt.
In 2002, Nemer returned to Beirut to enroll at ESMOD to study Pattern Making, Moulage, and Design. Upon graduation, he launched his eponymous brand Nemer Saadé Couture in Beirut. Nemer Saade held its first fashion show in Beirut to present the brand's latest collection. The event was broadcast on Fashion TV and covered by local and international media outlets. In 2008, the brand presented the Nemer Saade Fall/Winter 2008–2009 Collection in a fashion show held on An Nahar building, Beirut Central District. The following year, in 2009, Nemer Saadé revealed the brand's Fall/Winter 2009–2010 Collection in an underground parking lot in Beirut.
In 2012, Nemer Saade participated in the Lebanese Great British Week as the sole Fashion Designer, presenting menswear pieces by the brand, including a high-fashion military uniform that was bought by the then British Ambassador to Lebanon, Tom Fletcher. In 2021, Nemer Saade launched the brand's first Thob Collection, which was then followed by two collections that featured items for women under the title of "Nemer Saade for Her"

## Personal life

Nemer Saade married Armenian makeup artist and model Arpi Atoyan in 2014. The couple have three children together.
# 1955 in Libya

The following lists events that happened in 1955 in Libya.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Idris
* Prime Minister: Mustafa Ben Halim
* This year in Africa article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Cholera (food)

A cholera is a pastry filled with potatoes, vegetables, fruits and cheese, originated from the Valais region of Switzerland.
Originally, the local ingredients for such a dish were apples, pears, potatoes, onions, leeks, raclette cheese (usually Gomser) and bacon. The dish is mostly known in the region of Valais within Switzerland.

## Etymology

The origin of the unusual name for the dish remains unclear. A folk etymological explanation purports that during an epidemic of the disease cholera in 1836, people in the region improvised a dish involving pastry and whatever food they had at hand, as normal trade was disrupted. After the epidemic subsided, chefs returned to the concept of putting regional ingredients in a savoury tart, and the "cholera" dish has lasted since.
However, various other linguistic theories try to link the origin of the name to Chola or Cholu (Valais German for coal) as the pastry would be baked on coals. Alternatively, Cholära is also the Valais German term for a specific room within a bakery where coal would be gathered.
# Monjafkeh

Monjafkeh (Persian: منجفكه) is a village in Susan-e Gharbi Rural District, Susan District, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 251, in 44 families.
# Qasim I of Astrakhan

Qasim I Khan (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: قاسم خان اول; died 1500) was a ruler of the Astrakhan Khanate in 1466–1500. He was crowned after the death of his father, Mäxmüd of Astrakhan.
Qasim gave refuge to Muhammad Shaybani and his brother Mahmud Sultan, allowing Shaybani to go on to reconquer most of the lands held by his grandfather, Abu'l-Khayr Khan.
Qasim I of Astrakhan House of Borjigin (Боржигин) :
| Regnal titles |||
| Preceded byMahmud bin Küchük | Khan of Astrakan 1466–1490 | Succeeded byGhabdelkarim of Astrakhan |
# Şäyxi Mannur

Şäyxi Mannur (Tatar: Шәйхи Маннур, Şäyxi Mannur; Russian: Шайхи Маннур; 2 January 1905 – 11 June 1980) was a Soviet and Tatar poet, writer, translator, and journalist.

## Biography

Şäyxi Mannur was born in the village of Tulbay in peasants' family. He received his education at rural madrasa, rural school in the village of Şämäk, pedagogical institute in Mamadysh and Soviet party school in Sverdlovsk.
In 1921, he left for Siberia, where he lived in different places and worked at different jobs. In 1927-1929 he served in the army. After completing his military service, he left for the Donbas, where he first got a job as a rolling agent at a metallurgical plant, later he was a school teacher and a concrete worker at the construction of Dniprohes; there he intensified his literary activity. Later, he worked for some time in the editorial office of the Tatar-language newspaper "Eşçe" ("Worker", Moscow), and in 1933 he moved to Kazan, where he graduated from the Kazan Pedagogical University in 1937. During the German-Soviet War, he was at the front as a war correspondent, in 1944 he joined the CPSU (however, he was subsequently expelled from the party for his position on certain issues). In 1946 he was appointed head of the literary part of the Kazan Opera and Ballet Theater and worked in this position until 1948. From 1949 until the end of his life he was a professional writer.

## Works

His first literary works were published in 1923.
* Tayğa töbennän Тайга төбеннән (1929) (From the depths of the taiga)
* Kolçedanlı tawlar östendä Колчеданлы таулар өстендә (1929) (Over the pyrite mountains)
* Ğaycan babay Гайҗан бабай (1934) (Grandfather Ğaycan)
* Yöräk cırları Йөрәк җырлары (1934) (Songs of the heart)
* Musa Муса (1968) (Musa, dedicated to Musa Cälil)
* Ağımsularğa qarap Агымсуларга карап (1974) (Looking at flowing waters, autobiographical)
* Çın söyü barmı Чын сөю бармы? (1974-1976) (Is there true love?)
* collections of poems for children.
Mannur translated the works of Russian (Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Ivan Krylov, etc.), Ukrainian (Taras Shevchenko), and other (Shota Rustaveli, Zhambyl) poets into Tatar.
# Jirak

Jirak may refer to:
* Karel Boleslav Jirák (1891–1972), Czechoslovak composer and conductor
* Jirak, Iran
* Jirak, alternate name of Jik-e Sofla, Iran
* Ota Jirák born 1949, Czech actor and portrayed as Hele in Studio kamarad
# Rob Britton

Robert Britton (born September 22, 1984) is a Canadian former professional cyclist, who rode professionally between 2010 and 2021 for the Bissell, Team Raleigh, Team SmartStop and Rally Cycling teams. He won the overall classification of the Tour of the Gila, a race held in New Mexico, in 2015, and 2018.

## Major results
### 2008

    1st Overall Tour of Walla Walla
       1st Stage 1
    2nd Overall Devo Classics Springs Stage Race
       1st Stage 1 (ITT)

### 2009

    1st Overall Devo Classics Springs Stage Race
       1st Stages 2 (ITT) & 3
    1st Overall Tour of Walla Walla
       1st Stage 2 (ITT)
    1st Stage 3 Mount Hood Cycling Classic

### 2010

    1st Stage 1 McLane Pacific Classic

### 2011

    1st Stage 1 McLane Pacific Classic
    5th Time trial, Pan-American Road Championships

### 2012

    1st Stage 2 Tour de Bowness Stage Race
    3rd Overall San Dimas Stage Race
    3rd Bucks County Classic
    10th Overall Tour de Beauce

### 2014

    2nd Overall Tour de Beauce
    2nd Overall Vuelta a la Independencia Nacional
    3rd Overall Tour of the Gila

### 2015

    1st Overall Tour of the Gila
    3rd Overall USA Pro Cycling Challenge
    8th Overall Tour de Beauce
    10th Overall Tour de Taiwan
    10th Overall Tour of California

### 2016

    3rd Overall Tour of the Gila
    5th Overall Tour of Utah
    7th Overall Tour de Beauce

### 2017

    1st Overall Tour of Utah
       1st Stage 3 (ITT)
    1st Stage 5 Tour de Beauce
    3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
    4th Overall Joe Martin Stage Race
    5th Overall Tour of the Gila
       1st Mountains classification
    8th Overall Tour of Alberta

### 2018

    1st Overall Tour of the Gila
    2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
    5th Overall Tour de Beauce
    9th Overall Colorado Classic

### 2019

    1st Time trial, National Road Championships
    10th Overall Tour of Utah

### 2023

    1st Badlands Long Distance Gravel Race, Girona
# Ernst Kolb

Ernst Kolb was a Swiss wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman middleweight at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Xiao Di

Xiao Di (born May 14, 1991 in Binzhou) is a Chinese Greco-Roman wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 98 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in which he was eliminated in the repechage by Ghasem Rezaei.
In 2019, he competed in the men's Greco-Roman 97 kg event at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
# Alexis (malting barley)

Alexis is a two-row, spring sown variety of barley commonly used in the production of malt for the brewing industry.

## Development

The variety originated from a cross of Br 1622d54 * Trumpf, done in 1975 by Josef Breun. It was introduced in Germany in 1986 and quickly became the dominant variety until 2006 in whole Europe. Due to its mildew resistance (Erysiphe graminis ssp. hordei) based on the mlo-9 mutation, induced in the variety Diamant, and the denso dwarfing gene combined with an excellent brewing quality Alexis has been a milestone in malting barley breeding. The pedigree:
Besides Germany, Alexis was listed in Spain, Denmark, Ireland, Hungary, Great Britain, France und Italy. Mainly in Germany Alexis has been the dominant malting barley for more than a decade. There it had been the main source for malt for most of the - small or big - breweries. Its peak was in 1992 when she had 9048 ha of multiplication area. Alexis has been so far the variety with the highest multiplication area in Germany over the last 30 years.
It has been supplanted by newer varieties with better agronomics, but it is in growing demand for premium products. It is one of the few barley malts marketed today by variety. Alexis is popular both in homebrewing circles and among traditional real ale breweries, many of whom note their exclusive use of Alexis in their promotional literature. It carries a price premium to most other varieties.
Due to its broad acceptance and its consistently good results Alexis is one of the varieties most often used in modern pedigrees. Alexis can be rightly considered as a "founder" of the current genetic in malting barley.
# Citra (drink)

Citra was a clear lemon- and lime-flavoured soda sold in India in the 1980s and early 1990s. Citra was owned by Parle Bisleri. Along with other Parle brands, Thums Up, Limca, Gold Spot and Maaza, Citra was sold to Coca-Cola in 1993 in a deal that was reportedly worth $40 million. At the time of sale, the Parle brands together had a 60% market share in the aerated water industry. The brand was strong in South India. Citra was phased out by the year 2000 to make way for Coke's international brand, Sprite.
In 1998, Coke introduced a new drink in the US market also called Citra which was later renamed Fanta Citrus. Although the brand name was similar, this was a totally different grapefruit-based formula. In February 2012, Coke announced that it was reviving the Citra brand in rural areas of Maharashtra and Gujarat on a pilot basis, on a price strategy that will be 20% cheaper than other Coke and competitor brands. The relaunch is aimed at competing with smaller regional brands.
# Fabiano de Paula

Fabiano Batista de Paula (Brazilian Portuguese:; born 28 November 1988 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian professional tennis player competing mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour both in singles and doubles.
de Paula reached his highest ATP singles ranking, No. 239, on 5 November 2012 and his highest ATP doubles ranking, No. 256 on 5 November 2012.

## ATP career finals (2)
### Doubles (2)

* Legend
* ATP Challengers (2)
* Finals by surface
* Hard (0–0)
* Clay (2–0)
* Grass (0–0)
* Carpet (0–0)
| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partnering | Opponent in the final | Score |
| Winner | 1. | 10 November 2012 | São Leopoldo, Brazil | Clay | Júlio Silva | Ariel Behar Horacio Zeballos | 6–1, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$ |
| Winner | 2. | 16 June 2014 | Mohammedia, Morocco | Clay | Mohamed Safwat | Richard Becker Elie Rousset | 6–2, 3–6, [10–6] |
# Symphyotrichum trilineatum

Symphyotrichum trilineatum (formerly Aster trilineatus) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native from Mexico to Guatemala.
* Part of an inflorescence showing involucres, phyllaries, ray florets, and disk florets
* Larger inflorescence

## Citations

* 1 2 3 POWO 2021.
* ↑ GBIF.org 2021.
# Timur Khabibulin

Timur Khabibulin (Tatar: Тимур Хәбибуллин, romanized: Timur Xäbibullin, born 2 August 1995) is an Uzbekistani–Kazakhstani former tennis player of Tatar descent.
Khabibulin had a career high ATP singles ranking of 753 achieved on 9 May 2016. He also had a career high doubles ranking of 154 achieved on 10 October 2018. Khabibulin won 3 ATP Challenger doubles titles.
Khabibulin was banned from professional tennis for life and fined $60,000 by the International Tennis Integrity Agency for 21 match fixing charges between 2014 and 2019.

## Tour titles

* Legend
* Grand Slam (0)
* ATP Masters Series (0)
* ATP Tour (0)
* Challengers (3)

### Doubles

| Result | Date | Category | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Winner | 25 November 2016 | Challenger | Astana, Kazakhstan | Hard | Aleksandr Nedovyesov | Mikhail Elgin Denis Istomin | 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 6–2 |
| Winner | 7 October 2017 | Challenger | Almaty, Kazakhstan | Clay | Aleksandr Nedovyesov | Ivan Gakhov Nino Serdarušić | 1–6, 6–3, [10–3] |
| Winner | 11 May 2018 | Challenger | Qarshi, Uzbekistan | Hard | Vladyslav Manafov | Sanjar Fayziev Jurabek Karimov | 6–2, 6–1 |
| Loss | 16 September 2018 | Challenger | Istanbul, Turkey | Hard | Vladyslav Manafov | Rameez Junaid Purav Raja | 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, 6–4, [7–10] |
| Loss | 6 October 2018 | Challenger | Almaty, Kazakhstan | Hard | Evgeny Karlovskiy | Zdeněk Kolář Lukáš Rosol | 3–6, 1–6 |
# Cherry Creek Dam

Cherry Creek Dam (National ID # CO01280) is a dam in Arapahoe County, Colorado, southeast of Denver.
The earthen dam was constructed between 1948 and 1950 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers with a height of 141 feet (43 m) and a length of 14,300 feet (4,400 m) at its crest. It impounds Cherry Creek, a tributary of the South Platte River, for flood control. The dam and reservoir are owned and operated by the Corps of Engineers.
The reservoir it creates, Cherry Creek Reservoir, has a water surface of 880 acres (360 ha), and a maximum capacity of 134,470 acre-feet (170 million cubic meters). Recreation at the reservoir centers on the facilities of the adjacent Cherry Creek State Park, which offers camping, radio-controlled aircraft, picnicking, opportunities for bird watching, cross country skiing, fishing, horseback riding and an outdoor shooting range.
# Vagalugiaran

Vagalugiaran (Persian: واگلوگياران, also Romanized as Vāgalūgīārān) is a village in Marz Rural District, Chah Dadkhoda District, Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 54, in 12 families.
# Robbie Dixon

Robert 'Robbie' Dixon (born January 4, 1985) is a Canadian alpine skier.
Dixon was born in North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He has been skiing since 2001 in North America, before first skiing World Cup 2006 Lake Louise, Alberta finishing 46th overall best Super G. In March 2008, finished 4th place World Cup Super G Kvitfjell, Norway. best finish next year Kvitfjell finished fifth.
In 2010 Olympic Games, Dixon competed in the downhill, but failed to finish.
# Roberto Giacomi

Roberto Giacomi (born August 1, 1986) is a Canadian former professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career

While with Markham Lightning he went on to win numerous tournaments and maintain the best goals against average in the league each year at the club. At this time Giacomi also established himself as the number one goalkeeper for the Ontario Soccer Association and the Canadian Soccer Association
In November 2006 Giacomi left Rangers and joined KSK Beveren in the Jupiler League in Belgium. Giacomi immediately impressed at the club becoming a fan favorite and battled for the number one position with 1st choice goalkeeper Boubacar Barry. Giacomi played 4 matches against the likes of R.S.C. Anderlecht for the club.

## International career

Giacomi represented Canada at the FIFA U-20 World Cup in the Netherlands in 2005 in a group with Syria, Colombia and Italy. Giacomi was called up to the 2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup where the Canadian Men's Team made it to the semi-final round against USA.
# 1993 in Libya

The following lists events that happened in 1993 in Libya.

## Incumbents

* President: Muammar al-Gaddafi
* Prime Minister: Abuzed Omar Dorda

## Births

* 22 July - Abdelsalam Omar
# Josef Schmidt (wrestler)

Josef Schmidt was an Austrian wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman welterweight at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Vlach National Party

The Vlach National Party (Romanian: Partia Neamului Rumânesc or Partidul Neamului Românesc, PNR; Serbian: Влашка народна странка, romanized: Vlaška narodna stranka, VNS), formerly known as the Vlach Democratic Party of Serbia until 2013, is a political party in Serbia representing ethnic Vlachs. The leader of the party is Predrag Balašević, who identifies the Vlachs of the Timok Valley as Romanians and requests minority rights for the Romanian minority in the Timok Valley.

## History

The Vlach National Party was founded in 2004. It was created with the goal of preserving Vlach/Timok Romanian culture and identity in Serbia. The party participated in the 2020 Serbian parliamentary elections in a coalition with the Liberal Democratic Party and other ethnic minority parties. It cooperated with the United for the Victory of Serbia coalition during the 2022 local elections.
The party collaborates with the Alliance for the Union of Romanians.
# Fábio Luiz Magalhães

Fábio Luiz de Jesus Magalhães (Portuguese pronunciation:; born 13 March 1979 in Marataízes) is a male beach volleyball player from Brazil.
Magalhães won the gold medal in the men's beach team competition at the 2005 Beach Volleyball World Championships in Berlin, Germany, and the silver medal at 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, partnering with Márcio Araújo.
# Sar Gaz, Esfandaqeh

Sar Gaz (Persian: سرگز) is a village in Esfandaqeh Rural District, in the Central District of Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 32, in 7 families.
# Metaferia Zeleke

Metaferia Zeleke (born 1971) is a former Ethiopian long-distance runner who won a gold medal at the 1988 World Junior Championships in Sudbury in the 20 km road race event.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Ethiopia ||||||
| 1988 | World Junior Championships | Sudbury, Canada | 1st | 20 km | 59:27 |
# Chernozemelsky District

Chernozemelsky District (Russian: Черноземе́льский райо́н,; Kalmyk: Хар Һазра район, romanized: Har Ğazra rayon,) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirteen in the Republic of Kalmykia, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 14,191.68 square kilometers (5,479.44 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Komsomolsky. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 13,258, with the population of Komsomolsky accounting for 34.1% of that number. It is the least densely populated district in the Southern Federal District.

## History

The district was established in 1951.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Chernozemelsky District is one of the thirteen in the Republic of Kalmykia. The district is divided into eight rural administrations which comprise thirty-five rural localities. As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Chernozemelsky Municipal District. Its eight rural administrations are incorporated as eight rural settlements within the municipal district. The settlement of Komsomolsky serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district.
# RipX

RipX is audio modification software developed by Hit'n'Mix Ltd. UK and used in entertainment industry. The software is helpful in separating and editing of musical instruments used in audio recordings.

## Company

According to the UK government, Neuratron Group was formed in 2004 is having a subsidiary, Hit'n'Mix involved in developing software for source separation and audio editing. The firm has been developing different versions of professional music recognition software and other analysis tools targeted at AI enabled music makers in the world.
Martin Dawe, the programmer innovated first audio files needed in music recognition : PhotoScore, Optical music recognition software that converted images of sheet music into playable music notation, that came out in 1996. Parts of PhotoScore were included with notation software Sibelius. Later, ambitions of doing the same for music recordings – turning recorded notes into midi, brought forth software titles AudioTune (2004) and two years later Audio Score.
The first software offering for the Hit'n'Mix, the eponymous Hit'n'Mix, came to market in 2011, after the developer had spent 10 years creating developing the system. Hit'n'Mix contained the Rip Audio format that RipX still uses.

## Software

RipX was initially released as Infinity, around 2019. A continuation of the earlier Hit'n'Mix software, it bore some resemblance to the popular Celemony pitch editing software, particularly DNA Direct Note Access feature that allows users to edit notes from different instruments within an audio recording. Its ability to isolate instruments set it apart from the start, but it came more into its own with the first major update, in 2021, when it was renamed RipX. The first version had relied on algorithmic processing, sinusoidal spectral analysis and resynthesis, but the update added machine learning, and came with drastically improved stem separation capabilities.
As RipX grew it added upgrade modules. The affordable base version, DeepRemix, had stem separation, note editing, pitch/tempo editing and audio editing features like volume, EQ and panning for each instrument. The more expensive DeepAudio added more in-depth sound, pitch and harmony editing features, with product names such as Audioshop, Unpitched Editor, Clone, Draw Audio and others. It also added the RipScripts scripting feature, which was touted as the growth feature. Later the third module, Ripx DeepCreate added some Digital Audio Workstation (DAW)-like features, instrument replacement, audio recording and VST instrument hosting. DeepCreate added a new price point, placed between the affordable DeepRemix and the costlier DeepAudio.

### RipX DAW

In November 2023, the software was relaunched as RipX DAW. At the same time, it switched back to two price tiers.
The upgrade centered on changes making the software into a fully fledged DAW. it added some audio effects, recording and playback improvements, "Integrated AI Music Generator access", various UI changes and improvements and improvements that they described would affect both sound quality and speed.