OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Juatinga Ecological Reserve

The Juatinga Ecological Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Ecológica Estadual da Juatinga) is an ecological reserve in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It protects a rugged peninsula projecting into the Atlantic Ocern that is mainly covered by Atlantic Forest, and also helps maintain the traditional lifestyle of residents of small villages along the coast.

## Location

The Juatinga Ecological Reserve is in the municipality of Paraty, Rio de Janeiro. It has an area of 9,960 hectares (24,600 acres). It is contained within the Cairuçu Environmental Protection Area. The reserve is part of the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve.
The reserve protects a peninsula in the extreme east of the municipality that projects into the Atlantic Ocean. The Juatinga peninsula is in the northern Ribeira belt. The reserve has rugged terrain, located where the Serra do Mar meets the coastal plain, with elevations that range from sea level to over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft). It has granitoid rocks from the Proterozoic and sediments from the Cenozoic. The most common type of soil is Háplico cambisol, and there is also red-yellow latosol and humic cambisol.

## History

The reserve is in area where there has been intense pressure on the land from speculators and squatters. The Juatinga Ecological Reserve was created by state decree 17.981 of 30 October 1992. It is home to about 400 families, or 2,000 people, living in basic conditions in small coastal villages. It was created to promote the caiçaras culture of the residents of the reserve, reconciling their life style with conservation of the environment.

## Environment

The region has a tropical humid climate with a distinct rainy season. Annual rainfall ranges from 768 to 2,045 millimetres (30.2 to 80.5 in).
The Juatinga Ecological Reserve protects submontane and montane tropical rainforest, mangroves and restinga. Vegetation is mainly dense rainforest. Some areas contain vegetation in different stages of succession, including agricultural fields, scrub and secondary growth. A 2014 study of the Laranjeiras-Praia do Sono and Praia do Sono-Praia de Antigos trails in the south of the reserve found that one of the trails was somewhat degraded, and had ravine erosions in several places.
The primary rainforest at higher elevations protects threatened species such as the southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides) and the jaguar (Panthera onca). The State Environmental Institute (INEA) arranged a weekend bird watching event in the reserve in August 2016 to raise environmental awareness. About twenty participants recorded 106 bird species.
# Sint Antoniesbreestraat

The Sint Antoniesbreestraat ("St. Anthony's Broad Street") is a street in the centre of Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The street runs south from Nieuwmarkt square to the Sint Antoniesluis sluice gates, where it continues as the Jodenbreestraat. The Sint Antoniesbreestraat is primarily a shopping street with a variety of specialty shops. At the corner of Sint Antoniesbreestraat and Hoogstraat is an entry to the Nieuwmarkt stop of the Amsterdam Metro system.

## History

The street was originally a dike, the Sint Antoniesdijk, constructed during the Middle Ages. It protected the city and its surroundings from flooding. After 1585 this part of the city, called the Lastage, was developed.
In the early 17th century, the street was popular with immigrants and artists such as the painter Rembrandt, who lived there from 1631 to 1635, at the home of art dealer Hendrick van Uylenburgh. (From 1639 to 1656 he lived in his own home, now the Rembrandt House Museum.) Other painters who lived in the street, near the Guild of Saint Luke in the former Sint Anthoniespoort, include Pieter Isaacsz, Esaias Boursse, who lived next door to Rembrandt, Nicolaes Eliaszoon Pickenoy, Cornelis van der Voort, Roelant Savery, Pieter Lastman (in whose workshop Rembrandt served as apprentice), Adriaen van Nieulandt, Pieter Codde, Willem Kick, Justus and Johannes Vingboons, and their father David Vinckboons. The burgomasters Geurt van Beuningen and Joan Huydecoper grew up here.
The Huis De Pinto (or Pintohuis) is a 17th-century house with an Italianate facade. The property was built in c.1605 and purchased by the banker Isaac de Pinto in 1651. When the house was remodeled in Dutch Classical style in 1686, it became the "talk of the town" due to the dramatic style of its exterior and interior. The 18th-century philosopher Isaac de Pinto was raised in the house. Since 2014, the building houses a cultural centre.
Across from the De Pinto House is a gate that provides access to the Zuiderkerkhof, the square where the Zuiderkerk church stands.
Since the 17th century, the section of the street south of the sluice and bridge has been called Jodenbreestraat ("Jewish Broad Street"). The straight and wide Jodenbreestraat runs through the former Jewish quarter of Amsterdam. During World War II, many residents were taken away to the Nazi concentration camps and the neighbourhood was left practically deserted.
After the war, the abandoned houses were left in a decrepit state and many were torn down. Plans were made to build new houses, as well as a highway and metro line through the street. These plans were met by heavy rioting in 1975. (The highway plans were abandoned in 1972; the metro however was constructed.) New houses were built along the existing Sint Antoniesbreestraat, and the Huis de Pinto, which had become a symbol of the movement to save the neighbourhood, was renovated and now serves as public library.
# Pastoral counseling

Pastoral counseling is a branch of counseling in which psychologically trained ministers, rabbis, priests, imams, and other persons provide therapy services. Pastoral counselors often integrate modern psychological thought and method with traditional religious training in an effort to address psychospiritual issues in addition to the traditional spectrum of counseling services.

## Distinctiveness

"What distinguishes pastoral counseling from other forms of counseling and psychotherapy is the role and accountability of the counselor and his or her understanding and expression of the pastoral relationship. Pastoral counselors are representatives of the central images of life and its meaning affirmed by their religious communities. Thus pastoral counseling offers a relationship to that understanding of life and faith. Pastoral counseling uses both psychological and theological resources to deepen its understanding of the pastoral relationship." Membership in several organizations that combine theology and mental health has grown in recent years. Some pastoral counselors have developed special training programs to encourage cooperation between religious professionals and medical professionals on treatment of issues like addiction, since spirituality is an important part of recovery for many people.

## History

Pastoral counseling had its beginnings a separate discipline in North America in the first half of the twentieth century, as various religious organizations began to incorporate the insights and training of psychiatry, psychology and social work into the training of clergy. In 1925, Dr. Richard Cabot, a physician and adjunct at Harvard Divinity School, published an article in the Survey Graphic suggesting that every candidate for the ministry receive clinical training for pastoral work similar to the clinical training offered to medical students. In the 1930s, the Rev. Anton Boisen began a program of placing theological students in supervised contact with mental patients. In time, many seminaries and other training programs for religious professionals began to include clinical pastoral education as part of clerical training. Also in the 1930s, the minister Norman Vincent Peale and the psychiatrist, Dr. Smiley Blanton, collaborated to form the American Foundation of Religion and Psychiatry, now known as the Blanton-Peale Institute. Today, hundreds of mental health centers with links to specific religious traditions may be found across North America. In 1963, the American Association of Pastoral Counselors was founded to provide professional certification for pastoral counselors and pastoral counseling centers. In 2019, AAPC consolidated with ACPE.
# List of Asian countries by population growth rate

The list is based on CIA World Factbook estimates for the year 2023. All sovereign states with United Nations membership and territory in Asia are included on the list apart from those who are also members of the Council of Europe. In addition, the list includes the special administrative regions of China (Hong Kong and Macao).

## List

Annual Population Growth Rates in Asia (2023) :
| Rank | Country | Annual growth (%) |
| 1 | Syria | 6.39 |
| 2 | Afghanistan | 2.26 |
| 3 | Timor-Leste | 2.10 |
| 4 | Iraq | 1.94 |
| 5 | Pakistan | 1.91 |
| 6 | Yemen | 1.83 |
| 7 | Oman | 1.80 |
| 8 | Saudi Arabia | 1.65 |
| 9 | Philippines | 1.58 |
| 10 | Brunei | 1.43 |
| 11 | Israel | 1.43 |
| 12 | Tajikistan | 1.36 |
| 13 | Laos | 1.30 |
| 14 | Kuwait | 1.13 |
| 15 | Cambodia | 1.04 |
| 16 | Malaysia | 1.01 |
| 17 | Bhutan | 0.96 |
| 18 | Bangladesh | 0.91 |
| 19 | Singapore | 0.90 |
| 20 | Qatar | 0.86 |
| 21 | Bahrain | 0.85 |
| 22 | Mongolia | 0.83 |
| 23 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.82 |
| 24 | Uzbekistan | 0.81 |
| 25 | Jordan | 0.79 |
| 26 | Indonesia | 0.76 |
| 27 | Myanmar | 0.75 |
| 28 | Nepal | 0.74 |
| 29 | Kazakhstan | 0.73 |
| 30 | Macau | 0.71 |
| 31 | India | 0.70 |
| 32 | Lebanon | 0.64 |
| 33 | Sri Lanka | 0.59 |
| 34 | United Arab Emirates | 0.58 |
| 35 | North Korea | 0.44 |
| 36 | South Korea | 0.23 |
| 37 | Macau | 0.71 |
| 38 | Korea, North | 0.44 |
| 39 | South Korea | 0.23 |
| 40 | Thailand | 0.20 |
| 41 | China | 0.18 |
| 42 | HKG | 0.15 |
| 43 | Taiwan | 0.03 |
| 44 | Maldives | -0.17 |
| 45 | Japan | -0.41 |

## Regions

Middle East :
| Rank | Country | Annual growth (%) |
| 1 | Iraq | 2.87 |
| 2 | Qatar | 2.64 |
| 3 | United Arab Emirates | 2.47 |
| 4 | Yemen | 2.37 |
| 5 | Bahrain | 2.33 |
| 6 | Oman | 2.05 |
| 7 | Syria | 1.56 |
| 8 | Israel | 1.53 |
| 8 | Kuwait | 1.53 |
| 10 | Saudi Arabia | 1.46 |
| 11 | Iran | 1.18 |
| 12 | Jordan | 0.83 |
South Asia :
| Rank | Country | Annual growth (%) |
| 1 | Afghanistan | 2.34 |
| 2 | Pakistan | 1.45 |
| 3 | Nepal | 1.24 |
| 4 | India | 1.19 |
| 5 | Bhutan | 1.09 |
| 6 | Bangladesh | 1.05 |
| 7 | Sri Lanka | 0.80 |
| 8 | Maldives | -0.07 |
Southeast Asia :
| Rank | Country | Annual growth (%) |
| 1 | Laos | 1.37 |
| 2 | Cambodia | 1.23 |
| 3 | Malaysia | 1.23 |
| 4 | Timor-Leste | 1.18 |
| 5 | Philippines | 0.83 |
| 6 | Brunei | 0.82 |
| 7 | Indonesia | 0.82 |
| 8 | Singapore | 0.75 |
| 9 | Myanmar | 0.68 |
| 10 | Vietnam | 0.63 |
| 11 | Thailand | -0.05 |
# Alcarraza

An alcarraza (/ˌælkəˈrɑːzə/, Spanish:) is an earthenware container, traditionally made in Spain. The container is filled with a liquid, then hung in a drafty place in the shade. The liquid seeps through the earthenware slowly and is evaporated by the action of the draft, lowering the temperature of the container and keeping the rest of the liquid cool.
The source word for this container name – which exists in this form in Spanish, Galician and Portuguese – is the Arabic الكراز al-kurrāz.
# Bardeh Kish

Bardeh Kish (Persian: برده كيش, also Romanized as Bardeh Kīsh; also known as Bardeh Kesh and Bardkīsh) is a village in Dul Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 159, in 35 families.
# EL Kef Stadium

EL Kef Stadium is a multi-use stadium in El Kef, Tunisia. It is the home ground of Olympique du Kef, and it has the capacity of 9,000.
* This article about a Tunisian sports venue is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Pannonian Limes

The Pannonian Limes (Latin: Limes Pannonicus; German: Pannonischer Limes) is part of the old Roman fortified frontier known as the Danubian Limes that runs for approximately 420 km (260 mi) from the Roman camp of Klosterneuburg in the Vienna Basin in Austria to the castrum in Singidunum (Belgrade) in present-day Serbia. The garrisons of these camps protected the Pannonian provinces against attacks from the north from the time of Augustus (31 BC–14 AD) to the beginning of the 5th century. In places this section of the Roman limes also crossed the river into the territory of the barbarians (Barbaricum).

## Geography

During the Roman Empire, the Pannonian region was divided into Pannonia Superior, or Upper Pannonia, to the west and Pannonia Inferior or Lower Pannonia to the east. Pannonia Superior consists mainly of present-day states of Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Slovakia, and Slovenia, while Pannonia Inferior consists of present-day states of Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## History

The Danubian limes was one of the most turbulent regions in the European part of the Roman Empire and, during more than 400 years of Roman rule, Pannonia was one of its most important provinces, especially after the abandonment of Dacia Traiana in 271 AD, because from that point on, the pressure of migrating peoples on this section of the limes increased still further. The limes also had a great influence on the economic and cultural life of the civilian population because its hinterland was one of the main supply areas for the border troops and these in turn were the guarantors of the rapid Romanisation of the province.
The majority of the occupying forces were stationed in camps (castra), small forts (castella), watchtowers, burgi and fortified bridgeheads that were built at regular intervals along the riverbank. In an emergency, these units were reinforced by the legions which had their headquarters in four major military garrison towns. With its advance to the Danube, the Roman Empire became engaged in a long series of conflicts with trans-Danubian Germanic and Sarmatian barbarian and migrant peoples, that finally ended in the 5th century with the collapse of the Empire in the west.
# Simo Puupponen

Simo Tapio Puupponen (23 October 1915 – 11 October 1967), better known by the pen name Aapeli, was a Finnish writer and novelist.
Aapeli was born in Kuopio, and became a journalist for the Pohjois-Savo and Savon Sanomat newspapers. In 1959 Aapeli won the Eino Leino Prize and the State literature prize. He died, aged 51, in Helsinki. His novels were turned into films and plays after his death in the 1970s. In 1977 his historical novels of the Aika hyvä ihmiseksi series were made into a feature film.
# Positif (album)

Positif was a 1984 studio album by Jean-Jacques Goldman, his third solo album recorded in French. It was recorded at Studio Gang by Olivier do Espirito Santo and Jean-Pierre Janiaud. It was released by JRG/BMG Music Publishing. It was certified diamond in France for sales of 1,000,000 copies.

## Personnel

* Guy Delacrois - bass
* Manu Katché, Marc Changereau - percussion
* Catherine Bonnevay, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Jean-Pierre Janiaud, Dominique Poulain - vocals
* Jean-Jacques Goldman - keyboards
* Claude Engel, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Alain Pewzner, Kamil Rustam, Patrice Tison - guitar
* Roland Romanelli - organ
* Jean-Yves d'Angelo - piano
* John Helliwell - saxophone
* Roland Romanelli - synthesizer
* Patrice Mondon - violin
# Green Inlet Marine Provincial Park

Green Inlet Marine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, in the North Coast region to the southeast of Butedale and containing 33 ha.
# Lorne Bobkin

Lorne Bobkin (born 30 January 1965) is a Canadian gymnast. He competed in eight events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Theo Goutzinakis

Theo Goutzinakis (born 19 July 1977) is a founding member of the Canadian punk band, Gob. He is the guitarist and vocalist. He is of Greek descent. He has also appeared in the movies Going the Distance and Sharp as Marbles. He mainly plays Gibson Les Paul and Gibson ES models. He served as a vocalist, a guitarist, and a bassist in many other bands before he started Gob with co-vocalist/guitarist Tom Thacker.
Theo appears in EA Sports' NHL 2004 under the name "Theo Gobzinakis".
# Heth Township, Harrison County, Indiana

Heth Township is one of twelve townships in Harrison County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,172 and it contained 542 housing units.

## History

The township was named for Harvey Heth, who surveyed much of Southern Indiana. He is buried in the western part of the township and was a major landholder in the area during the early 19th century.
It contains Squire Boone Caverns and Historic Village where Squire Boone, the brother of Daniel Boone, is buried. In the early 19th century, the township was also home to Isiah and James Boone.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 34.35 square miles (89.0 km$^2$), of which 33.62 square miles (87.1 km$^2$) (or 97.87%) is land and 0.73 square miles (1.9 km$^2$) (or 2.13%) is water. The township includes the incorporated town of Mauckport, as well as the unincorporated town of Central. The township is bordered to the south by the Ohio River and Kentucky. It contains the only bridge over the Ohio River in Harrison County.
Mail is delivered from a post office in Mauckport; the township's ZIP codes are 47142 and 47143.
The township is part of the South Harrison School District and its children attend Heth-Washington Elementary, which is also attended by Washington Township children. Middle and high-school age children attend Corydon Central High School in Corydon.
# Killin Junction railway station

Killin Junction was a railway station located in Glen Dochart, Stirling (district) close to where the road from Glen Ogle joins the Crianlarich to Killin road.

## History

Killin Junction station opened on 1 June 1870, providing passengers on the Callander and Oban Railway with a connection to Killin by the newly opened Killin Railway.
The station was situated in the woodlands on the slopes leading up to Glen Ogle pass and, apart from the railway, could be reached by footpath only.
The station was closed on 27 September 1965 following a landslide in Glen Ogle. Nowadays a forestry road following the track of the old line to Killin leads from the A85 to the location. There are still traces of the platforms, a few derelict former railway houses and the line to Glen Ogle, which can be followed for some distance, although fallen trees after a recent storm block the track in places. All signal boxes and other buildings are gone.
| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Glenoglehead | | Callander and Oban Railway | | Luib |
| Killin | | Killin Railway | | connection to C&O |
# XUV

XUV may refer to:

## Automobiles

* Crossover utility vehicle, a denomination used by some manufacturers for a car-based SUV, abbreviated as XUV
* GMC Envoy, a 1997–2008 American mid-size SUV, pickup truck variant called Envoy XUV
* HSV Avalanche, a 2003–2005 Australian mid-size performance crossover, pickup truck variant called Avalanche XUV
* Mahindra XUV, a series of Indian SUVs which include:
** Mahindra XUV300, a 2019–present subcompact SUV
** Mahindra XUV500, a 2011–2021 compact SUV
** Mahindra XUV700, a 2021–present compact SUV

## Science and technology

* Extreme ultraviolet radiation
# Ellos

Ellos Group is a Swedish home shopping and e-commerce company headquartered in Borås, Sweden. Ellos Group has operations mainly in the Nordics along with other European countries.

## History

Ellos was founded in 1947 by Olle Blomqvist and Lars Gustafsson. They wanted their company to be named "LO:s," from their names, but were not allowed to register the name as LO already used it. There is a rumour that name "Ellos" was Olle's name backwards with a genitive "s" at the end, first popularised with the widely popular Swedish talk show Hylands hörna.
In 1978, the company moved to its current location in Viared, 10 km west of Borås; the new premises were inaugurated by Carl XVI Gustaf, the king of Sweden.
In 1988, the ICA concern acquired the company, which then had 1 500 employees.
IK Partners (Formerly Industri Kapital) acquired Ellos from ICA in November 1995, with stake later sold to La Redoute (Redcats) in July 1997. During IK’s ownership, Ellos was a mail-order company in the Nordic countries. Between 1997-2013, Ellos was a part of Redcats, which is owned by the holding company PPR.
Since 2013, Ellos Group is owned by the Sweden-based venture capital company Nordic Capital. Ellos is one of Scandinavia’s leading home shopping companies with an annual turnover of more than €200 million and 620 employees.
Ellos Group offers several own brands, Ellos within apparel and home products, and Jotex within home textile and decoration. Sub-brands within Ellos include Áhkká, Staycation, Ellos On Our Terms and Ellos Home among others.
Ellos is one of the main sponsors of the football club Elfsborg.
# Fausto B. Pichardo

Fausto B. Pichardo is a Dominican American police officer and administrator, and is the former Chief of Patrol Bureau in the NYPD. In this capacity he oversees some 22,000 uniformed police officers in New York City and is the first Dominican American to reach his position.
The Patrol Services Bureau is the largest and most visible bureau in the NYPD, overseeing a majority of the department's uniformed officers on patrol.

## Early life

Pichardo was born in the Dominican Republic, in a village called Dicayagua de Arriba. He immigrated to the United States when he was nine, and grew up on the Lower East Side and attended public schools.

## Career

Pichardo started his career in law enforcement as a patrolman in 1999 after graduating from the New York City Police Academy. He was the Executive Officer of the Patrol Services Bureau where he oversaw the department's 77 Precincts throughout the city. On October 13, 2020, Chief Pichardo announced and filed for retirement to take effect November, 2020.

## Education

Attended NYC High School for the Humanities. Chief Pichardo holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Criminal Justice from John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and also a Masters of Public Administration degree in Government from Marist College. He is also a 2015 graduate of the Police Management Institute at Columbia University, and a 2008 graduate of the FBI National Academy at Quantico, Virginia.

## Dates of rank

Sworn in as a Patrolman - 1999
Promoted to Sergeant - 2005
Promoted to Lieutenant - 2008
Promoted to Captain - 2011
Promoted to Deputy Inspector - 2013
Promoted to Inspector 2015
Promoted to Assistant Chief - 2018
Promoted to Chief of Patrol - 2019