OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matthew Green (British politician)

Matthew Roger Green (born 12 April 1970) is a British politician. He was the Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for Ludlow from 2001 to 2005, and his party's spokesman on the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.

## Parliamentary career

He contested Wolverhampton South West in 1997 and was a councillor prior to his election to parliament.
Green was elected MP for Ludlow at the 2001 United Kingdom general election, with a majority of 1,630. He was the first Liberal to represent Ludlow since 1886. Green was appointed the party's spokesman on youth affairs in November 2001, and was spokesman on the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister between 2002 and 2003. He lost his seat to the Conservative, Philip Dunne, in the 2005 general election.
On 25 February 2006, he was selected as the Lib Dem candidate for Ludlow at the next general election but in May 2007 Green stood down as candidate owing to the rapid growth of his new business, Green Planning Solutions LLP. His brother Nathaniel Green was the Lib Dem candidate for Shrewsbury and Atcham at the 2019 general election.

## Later life

His company, Green Planning Studio Ltd, act as agents for appellants in public appeals, some of which can be high profile. Matthew Green is often a professional planning witness in these cases. The appeals take place after applications for planning permission have been refused by Councils, or after an enforcement notice has been issued. Green Planning Studio’s clients include Councils; applicants for planning permission ranging from individual householders seeking extensions to larger scale housing developers; and third parties who usually are objecting to a proposed development. The company's website claims: "Particular skills and success for projects in the countryside, Green Belt, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the historic environment". Some of Green Planning Studio’s clients are from the travelling community and their applications and subsequent appeals can attract significant press attention even for small scale developments.
Green remained involved in politics after leaving Parliament, being mentioned by the Shropshire Star as a potential Liberal Democrat candidate in the 2021 North Shropshire by-election. In 2024, Green stood as the Liberal Democrat candidate in the new constituency of South Shropshire (this seat expands the borders of the old Ludlow constituency) and came second.

## Personal life

Green was born in Shropshire, living in Ratlinghope and Bishop's Castle before moving to Much Wenlock by the time of his election. Prior to entering parliament he worked as a PR and media advisor.
# Odorico D'Andrea

José D'Andrea Valeri (5 March 1916, in Montorio al Vomano, Italy – 22 March 1990, in Matagalpa, Nicaragua) known as "Padre Odorico D'Andrea", was an Italo-Nicaraguan Catholic priest. He founded the Franciscan Sisters Pilgrims of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Hermanas Franciscanas Pelegrinas del Corazon Inmaculado de Maria), along with Father Francisco Javier Munguía Alvarado, also a Franciscan. He was a missionary of the Order of Friars Minor (Ordo Fratrum Minorum) or Franciscans, devoted to the mission in the communities of the City of San Rafael del Norte in the department of Jinotega, Nicaragua.
He is known as Servant of God (Siervo de Dios) Fr. Odorico D'Andrea.

## Early life

He was born on 5 March 1916 in Montorio, Italy as the son of Catholic parents Antonio D'Andrea and Ana Rosa Valeri.
On 26 September 1930, he entered the Franciscan Lower Seminary of Città di Castello in Umbria. On 10 September 1933, in the novitiate of the la Santa Annunziata in Amelia he adopted the name Odorico.
On 25 April 1942, he received priestly ordination in Santa María degli Angeli near Assisi. After a brief period in the seminary of Farneto in 1945, he moved to the Convents of Amelia, Lugnano and Pantanelli in Umbria, from where he exerted the itinerant apostolate in Toscolano, Melezzole Morre and Attigliano.

## Career

In 1952 he requested his superiors to be sent to their Mission in Nicaragua. He arrived in Nicaragua on 26 August 1953, and was allocated to the House of San José in Matagalpa.

### Social work in Jinotega Department, Nicaragua

He is considered a prophet and conciliator of peace in Nicaragua by the Catholic Church in time of war, for getting together the Contras with the Popular Sandinista Army.
He reconstructed the hermitage of San Rafael del Norte and the Community of La Concordia (1962).
He initiated construction of the Hospital of San Rafael (1964). He managed the installation of drinkable water for San Rafael del Norte and the community of Savannah Grande (1965). He built the hermitage of Tepeyac, and the house of Retreat Tepeyac (1966), where the Via Crucis is the most famous in Nicaragua. He built the school of the Community of San Marcos and a medical dispensary (1967). He built the house for doctors and the sick (1947).

## Death

He died due to a complete blockage of the left artery in his heart (22 March 1990). His burial was attended by more than ten thousand people.
His body was interred and exhumed to be placed in a sarcophagus inside the Tepeyac chapel. Steps for the canonization process of the now called "Servant of God" were then started in 2002 by Bishop Sergio Goretti.
# Luambala River

The Luambala (Portuguese: Rio Luambala) is a river of Mozambique. It flows through Niassa Province in a northeast-southwest direction. The Luambala valley was surveyed during the Portuguese Nyasaland. The river was reported to have steep sides and a rock bed. To the east of Cassembe, the Luambala connects with the Lugenda River at 13°26′12″S 36°18′20″E﻿ / ﻿13.43667°S 36.30556°E﻿ / -13.43667; 36.30556, flowing in a north-south-southwest direction.
# Mtsensk

Mtsensk (Russian: Мценск) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia, located on the Zusha River (a tributary of the Oka) 49 kilometers (30 mi) northeast of Oryol, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 43,222 (2010 Census); 47,807 (2002 Census); 48,400 (1989 Soviet census); 28,000 (1970).

## History

   Principality of Chernigov 1146–1320 Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1320–1505 Grand Duchy of Moscow 1505–1547 Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721  Russian Empire 1721–1917 Russian Republic 1917 Soviet Russia 1917–1922  Soviet Union 1922–1991  Russian Federation 1991–present
It was first mentioned in the Nikon Chronicle in 1146 as a part of the Principality of Chernigov. The name comes from the Mtsena River, a tributary of the Zusha, beside which the fortress stood. In 1238, Mtsensk was destroyed by Batu Khan. Since 1320, it was under the rule of Lithuania, eventually becoming a part of the Muscovy in 1505. Since the beginning of the 19th century, Mtsensk was rapidly developing as an industrial town.
During Operation Barbarossa, German armoured forces captured the town in the fall of 1941. In particular, troops of the 3rd Panzer Division, 4th Panzer Division, and Infantry Regiment Großdeutschland saw combat in the immediate vicinity. During the Battle of Kursk in 1943, Mtsensk served as the primary war zone. On 20 July 1943, Mtsensk was liberated by Soviet troops of the Bryansk Front.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mtsensk serves as the administrative center of Mtsensky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Mtsensk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Mtsensk is incorporated as Mtsensk Urban Okrug.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Mtsensk is twinned with:
* Kubrat, Bulgaria
# Syzygium polyanthum

Syzygium polyanthum, with common names Indonesian bay leaf or daun salam, is a species of plant in the family Myrtaceae, native to Indonesia, Indochina and Malaysia. The leaves of the plant are traditionally used as a food flavouring, and have been shown to kill the spores of Bacillus cereus.

## Description

The tree grows from lower to higher elevation up to 1400 meters. The tree can grow up to 25 meters of height. The leaf gives slightly bitter taste with astringent effect.

## Uses

The leaves may be used dried or fresh in the cuisine of Sumatra, Java, Madura, or Bali. It is an ingredient in dishes such as sayur lodeh and nasi gurih. In Suriname it is known as 'salam blad' and widely used in Javanese cuisine, mainly in dishes such as soto soup and various stews.
Because of its unique flavor it is not possible to find suitable substitutes for it.
# The Clue of the New Pin (novel)

The Clue of the New Pin is a 1923 crime novel by the British writer Edgar Wallace. it was first published by Hodder & Stoughton in London, 1923.

## Adaptations

The novel has been adapted for the cinema three times:
* The Clue of the New Pin (1929) directed by Arthur Maude. This film was filmed in British Phototone, a sound-on-disc system using 12-inch discs. In March 1929, Pin was trade-shown with The Crimson Circle made in the Phonofilm sound-on-film process.
* The Clue of the New Pin (1961) directed by Allan Davis.
* What Have You Done to Solange? (1972) directed by Massimo Dallamano, is an Italian Giallo thriller loosely based on the novel.

## Plot

Jesse Trasmere is a penny-pincher who doesn't trust banks, therefore he keeps his money in his house. His nephew Rex Lander received an allowance from his uncle, which he finds too short to keep his extravagant life style. Trasmere decided to go out of town to avoid an unwanted situation, but his body was suspiciously found days later in a locked vault.
# Padma Rao Sundarji

Padma Rao Sundarji aka Padma Rao is an Indian author and an international correspondent based in New Delhi, India.

## Career

Rao was the India correspondent for GEO magazine on India in 1992–1993 and also co-authored a travel guide on South India for Meridien Super Travel – Germany in 1994 ISBN 978-3774201132.
Rao was the long-standing South Asian bureau chief of German news magazine Der Spiegel, during which time, the Sri Lankan civil war was an intensive part of her beat. She wrote the book Srilanka: The New Country (ISBN 978-93-5177-030-5) HarperCollins India covering the thirty year long civil war that ended in 2009
During her stint at Der Spiegel, she was chosen to interview heads of the government and rebel leaders of the times including the formerly underground Maoist leader Prachanda, Vellupillai Prabhakaran of the LTTE.
Rao writes in English and German and her work has appeared in syndicate in The New York Times, She worked as special correspondent at Wion Television India before moving on to Hindustan Times as national editor.

## Award

Rajiv Gandhi Excellence Award 2015 for Best Literary Personality of the year (Pehchan, New Delhi)

## Other publications

* Essay on Diego Garcia in Foreign Correspondent: 50 years – Penguin India, 2009.
* Essay on India-German relations in Rising India: Europe's Partner? - Weissensee Verlag, Germany
# Qu Cham

Qu Cham (Persian: قوچم, also Romanized as Qū Cham; also known as Qeshm and Qu Sham) is a village in Yeylan-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Dehgolan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 114, in 29 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Horse hair raku

Horse hair raku is a method of decorating pottery through the application of horsehair and other dry carbonaceous material to the heated ware. The burning carbonaceous material creates smoke patterns and carbon trails on the surface of the heated ware that remain as decoration after the ware cools. Although preparation is similar to pit fired pottery and other primitive firing techniques, horsehair raku is generally considered an alternative form of Western-style Raku ware, because it uses Western-style Raku kilns, firing techniques and tools.
Horsehair raku usually utilizes burnishing and/or Terra sigillata techniques to prepare the unglazed surface before Bisque firing. The bisque ware is heated in a kiln, then removed while still extremely hot. The decorating is performed when the ware is between 480 and 700 °C; lower temperatures do not effectively combust the horsehair and other materials, while higher temperatures cause the carbon makings to burn off leaving no lasting decorative effect, though success with horsehair has been achieved at temperatures up to 1000 °C. Strands of horsehair laid across hot ware leave a wandering linear smoke design on the surface. Other materials which can be used to create surface effects include sugar sprinkled on the hot surface to leave spotted smoke marks and feathers applied to the hot surface to give dark, feather shaped silhouettes.
It is not known precisely how horsehair pottery was first developed, but several stories connect the beginnings of this technique to Native American Pueblo women.
# Empicoris seorsus

Empicoris seorsus is a species of thread-legged bug endemic to New Zealand. It is one of four species of Empicoris present in New Zealand.
# Ptghavan

Ptghavan (Armenian: Պտղավան) is a village in the Noyemberyan Municipality of the Tavush Province of Armenia, near the Armenia–Georgia border.
# Au, Guinea

Au is a town in the Kankan Region of eastern Guinea, north of the Niger River.
# John of Tella

John of Tella (or John Bar Qursos) (483–538) was an Assyrian monk and bishop in the Near East. John was a major proponent of moderate Monophysitism. Although his native language was Syriac he studied Greek in order to serve in the Byzantine administration. John was a native of Callinicus. He was influenced to become a monk by reading the Acts of Thecla. He later studied at the monastery founded by Gregory Nazianzen.
John served as bishop of Tella which is near the modern city of Aleppo. John became bishop in 519. He has also come down to us as an opponent of inept, rich men gaining priestly office through bribes. In 521 John resigned his office as a bishop so he could better pursue the ascetic life. Still his most lasting contribution was ordaining many priests and bishops in opposition to the Chalcedonians moving the break between them and the Monophysites to a full blown schism.

## Sources

See the life of John of Tella in Brooks, Vitae virorum apud Monophysitas celeberrimorum (1907) https://books.google.com/books?id=AR8YAAAAYAAJ
Brown, Peter. The Rise of Western Christendom, (Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2003) p. 311
* ↑ John Bar Qursos, or John of Tella (Syrian bishop) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
* ↑ "Beth Mardutho: Hugoye". syrcom.cua.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-04-11.
* ↑ "Beth Mardutho: Hugoye". syrcom.cua.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-04-11.
* ↑ Maas, Michael (2005-04-18). The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139826877.
* ↑ Irvin, Dale T.; Sunquist, Scott (2002-01-10). History of the World Christian Movement: Volume 1: Earliest Christianity To 1453. A&C Black. ISBN 9780567088666.
# Ghansikuwa

Ghansikuwa is a famous tourist destination in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of Gandaki Province, Nepal. It is famous for a pond constructed by Ghansi, a local who worked as grass cutter. Bhanubhakta was inspired by the activity of the Ghanshi, so he has noticeably mentioned him in his creations. Today, you can see the statues of Bhanubhakta and Ghanshi, inside the park premises and the well preserved pond, left to the park. The cool air flowing from the nearby Chisaudi Khola and easy access to the place, has made the place an attractive travel destination during weekends.
'Kamalbari:' Just 2 Kilometers ride in the Prithivi Highway, east to the area lies Kamalbari, is another famous tourist destination in the district. Mt. Manaslu and the surrounding hills can be seen nearby. It is the entrance to the trekking route of Chabdi Barahi Temple and Sera-Tanahusur Hiking route.
# Jaala

Jaala is a former municipality of Finland.
It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Kymenlaakso region. The municipality had a population of 1,906 (2003) and covered an area of 563.06 km² of which 129.89 km² was water. The population density was 3.4 inhabitants per km².
The municipality was unilingually Finnish.
In 2009, the six municipalities of Kouvola, Kuusankoski, Elimäki, Anjalankoski, Valkeala and Jaala were consolidated to form a new municipality named Kouvola, which, with a population of over 80,000, became the tenth largest city in Finland.

## People born in Jaala

* Valto Koski (1939 – )
* Ville Iiskola (1985 – )
# Erwin Swangard

Erwin Swangard (11 May 1908 – 5 May 1993) was a German-born journalist. Swangard Stadium is named after him.

## Biography

Swangard was born in Munich, Germany in 1908. He emigrated to Canada in 1930.
As a journalist, he covered the 1936 Olympic Games for the Vancouver Sun and the Toronto Globe. From 1951 to 1959, he undertook various editorial roles at the Vancouver Sun, concluding as managing editor.
In sports development, Swangard founded the Tournament of Soccer Champions in British Columbia, which expanded from 70 to 2,500 teams. He also contributed to the inception of the BC Lions and was instrumental in establishing Swangard Stadium in Burnaby's Central Park in 1969.
Between 1976 and 1989, Swangard served at the Pacific National Exhibition (PNE), during which the event underwent significant changes. For his community efforts, he was awarded the Paul Harris Fellowship Award in 1987 and became a Member of the Order of Canada in 1989.
# 2020 in Latvia

Events of 2020 in Latvia.

## Incumbents

* President: Egils Levits
* Prime Minister: Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš

## Events

* 9 January – Latvia makes their debut at the European Men's Handball Championship, in the 2020 edition.

## Deaths

* February 1 – Leons Briedis, poet and novelist (b. 1949)
* March 31 – Aleksei Frolikov, ice hockey player (b. 1957)
* April 29 – Jānis Lūsis, track and field athlete (b. 1939)
* July 6 – Juris Kronbergs, poet and translator (b. 1946)
* September 20 – Pavels Rebenoks, lawyer and politician (b. 1980)
* October 2 – Tatjana Berga, archaeologist and numismatist (b. 1944)
* October 6 – Oļegs Karavajevs, football goalkeeper (b. 1961)
* November 16 – Laimonis Laizāns, football goalkeeper (b. 1945)
* November 27 – Dainis Liepiņš, cyclist (b. 1962)
# Coyah Prefecture

Coyah is a prefecture located in the Kindia Region of Guinea. The capital is Coyah. The prefecture covers an area of 1,375 km² and has a population of 263,861.

## Sub-prefectures

The prefecture is divided administratively into four sub-prefectures:
* Coyah-Centre
* Kouriah
* Manéah
* Wonkifong
9°42′01″N 13°23′02″W﻿ / ﻿9.70028°N 13.38389°W﻿ / 9.70028; -13.38389
# 2021 in Latvia

Events in the year 2021 in Latvia.

## Incumbents

* President: Egils Levits
* Prime Minister: Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš

## Events

Ongoing — COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia

### January

* 1 January:
** tax changes:
*** the national minimum wage was officially raised from €430 to €500 a month.
*** the personal income tax-free minimum (PIT) has been increased from €250 to €300 per month.
*** the non-taxable minimum for pensioners with PIT was increased to €330 per month instead of the current €300.
*** the income threshold to which the differentiated PIT non-taxable minimum applies was increased from 1,200 to 1,800 euros per month.
*** the rate of compulsory state social insurance contributions (SSIAI) was reduced by 1%. Namely, from the previous 35.09% to 34.09% - by 0.5% for both employers and employees.
*** the solidarity tax rate was reduced by 0.5% from 25.5% to 25%.
** Public Broadcasting of Latvia left the advertising market thanks to state funding.
* 7 January:
** Ilze Viņķele was relieved of his duties as Minister of Health, and Minister of Defense Artis Pabriks was appointed Acting Minister.
** The Saeima approved Daniels Pavļuts as the Minister of Health.
** The National Alliance submits to the Saeima a draft law regarding an amendment to the Constitution, which intends to strictly define the concept of family as a union of a male and a female person.

### April

* 28 April – Riga hostel fire

### June

* 5 June – 2021 Latvian municipal elections was held.

## Deaths

* 27 February – Alvils Gulbis, basketball player (born 1936).
* 14 March – Māris Grīnblats, politician, minister of Education (born 1955).
* 24 March – Uldis Bērziņš, poet and translator (born 1944).
* 27 June – Jevgeņijs Drobots, politician and engineer (born 1946).
* 4 July – Matīss Kivlenieks, professional ice hockey goaltender (born 1996).
* July 18 – Valerij Zhuravliov, Soviet/Latvian chess master (born 1938).
* 14 September – Ansis Bērziņš, film producer and director (born 1940).
* 14 October – Ojārs Ēriks Kalniņš, politician and diplomat (born 1949).
* 5 November – Andris Kolbergs, writer (born 1938).
# Rômulo (footballer, born 1992)

Rômulo Silva Santos (born 1 November 1992) is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a forward for SV Stockerau.

## Club career
### FK Senica

Rômulo made his Fortuna Liga debut for Senica against AS Trenčín on 23 July 2017.
# Scinax iquitorum

Scinax iquitorum is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. The species is endemic to Peru.

## Etymology

The specific name, iquitorum (genitive, plural), is in honor of the Iquitos who are an indigenous people of Peru.

## Geographic range

S. iquitorum has been observed in the areas around the Río Nanay and the Río Yavari.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of S. iquitorum is forest, at altitudes around 120 m (390 ft).

## Description

S. iquitorum is light olive-green on the dorsum. The flanks are yellow with black spots. The rear sides of the thighs are black in color. The iris is gold to bronze.
# Haft Cheshmeh, Khorramabad

Haft Cheshmeh (Persian: هفتچشمه, also known as Āb Chashmeh) is a village in Qaedrahmat Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 293, in 64 families.
# Rangraz Kola

Rangraz Kola (Persian: رنگرزكلا, also Romanized as Rangraz Kolā) is a village in Lalehabad Rural District, Lalehabad District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42, in 10 families.
# Geitungen Lighthouse

Geitungen Lighthouse (Norwegian: Geitungen fyr) is a coastal lighthouse in the municipality of Karmøy in Rogaland county, Norway. The lighthouse is located on a small island about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) off the southern tip of the main island of Karmøy. The entrance to the harbor of the town of Skudeneshavn lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northeast of the lighthouse. The island is accessible only by boat. The lighthouse was established in 1924 and it was automated in 1994. It was listed as a protected site in 1998.

## Technical specifications

The 11-metre (36 ft) tall lighthouse emits a white, red or green light, depending on direction, occulting once every six seconds. The light sits at an elevation of 41 metres (135 ft) above sea level on top of an octagonal prism tower. The concrete masonry tower is attached to a U-shaped one-story lighthouse keeper's house. The lighthouse is painted white and the roof is red. The lighthouse also emits a racon signal, using the morse code letter "G". The racon signal can be received inside a 1.13-nautical-mile (2.09 km; 1.30 mi) radius of the lighthouse.

## History

The lighthouse was established in 1924 as a replacement for Skudenes Lighthouse, which had operated from 1799 to 1924.
Geitungen Lighthouse was designed by Jørgen H. Meinich, who later also designed Makkaur Lighthouse. The argument for a new location, was the need for a foghorn. The diaphone at Geitungen Lighthouse was the first diaphone installed in Norway. Geitungen was automated and depopulated in 1994, and was listed as a protected site in 1998. The protected site includes the lighthouse and three technical buildings.

## Tourist station

The living house associated with Geitungen Lighthouse is operated as a tourist station by the Norwegian Trekking Association, through its Haugesund chapter (Haugesund Turistforening). It has 35 beds available for visitors. The site is only accessible by boat.