OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dhammika Dharmapala

Dhammika Dharmapala (born 1969/1970) is an economist who is the Paul H. and Theo Leffman Professor of Law at the University of Chicago Law School. He is known for his research into corporate tax avoidance, corporate use of tax havens, and the corporate use of base erosion and profit shifting ("BEPS") techniques.

## Biography

Dharmapala was born in Sri Lanka, educated in Australia, and settled in the U.S. (he is a naturalized U.S. citizen), to pursue a career as an academic economist. He taught economics at the University of Connecticut and law at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign before joining the Chicago faculty in 2014.
Dharmapala's research on tax havens, often with James R. Hines Jr., is cited as important. In addition to his role as professor at the University of Chicago Law School, Dharmapala is an International Research Fellow at the Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation, and has served on the board of directors of the American Law and Economics Association and the National Tax Association. Dharmapala is sometimes interviewed in the main U.S. financial media on U.S. corporate tax issues.

## Dharmapala tax havens
### Dharmapala-Hines 2009 list

Because it is cited as one of the important papers on the research of tax havens, the 48 jurisdictions from the Dharmapala-Hines 2009 paper are listed below, per the markings in the paper (♣ & †):
6 of the 7 tax havens that Dharmapala-Hines identified in 2009, but which have never appeared in any OECD list (e.g. marked as †), namely, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Singapore and Switzerland, would become ranked in the world's top ten global tax havens, when academics used quantitative methods to analyse tax havens (i.e. the "OECD havens", plus Singapore and Hong Kong).
* Andorra
* Anguilla
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Aruba♣
* Bahamas
* Bahrain
* Barbados
* Belize
* Bermuda
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Channel Islands
* Cook Islands
* Cyprus
* Dominica
* Gibraltar
* Grenada
* Hong Kong†
* Ireland†
* Isle of Man
* Jordan♣
* Lebanon♣
* Liberia
* Liechtenstein
* Luxembourg†
* Macao†
* Maldives
* Malta
* Marshall Islands
* Mauritius♣
* Monaco
* Montserrat
* Nauru♣
* Netherlands†
* Niue♣
* Panama
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Samoa♣
* San Marino♣
* Seychelles♣
* Singapore†
* Switzerland†
* Tonga♣
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* Vanuatu
* Virgin Islands (U.S.)♣
(†) Tax havens that were in the 41 from the Hines-Rice 1994 list, but not in the 35 from the OECD 2000 list (the largest), which include the four "OECD tax havens". (♣) Tax havens that were in the 35 from the OECD 2000 list (the largest), but not in the 41 from the Hines-Rice 1994 list.
# Dar os Salam

Dar os Salam (Persian: دارالسلام, also Romanized as Dār os Salām) is a village in Fazl Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 110, in 41 families.
# Lipan, Texas

Lipan (/ˈlaɪpæn/ LY-pan) is a city in northwestern Hood County, Texas, United States. The population was 505 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Granbury, Texas Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.8 km$^2$), all of it land.

### Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 425 people, 175 households, and 114 families residing in the city. The population density was 400.9 inhabitants per square mile (154.8/km$^2$). There were 204 housing units at an average density of 192.4 per square mile (74.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 98.12% White, 0.94% Native American, 0.47% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.29% of the population.
There were 175 households, out of which 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.03.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $32,333, and the median income for a family was $50,938. Males had a median income of $29,091 versus $17,333 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,863. About 0.9% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 12.3% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

The City of Lipan is served by the Lipan Independent School District.
# Do Gush, Markazi

Do Gush (Persian: دوگوش, also Romanized as Do Gūsh) is a village in Mazraeh Now Rural District, in the Central District of Ashtian County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 9, in 4 families.
# Bharat Gold Mines Limited

Bharat Gold Mines Limited or in short BGML is a public sector undertaking of the Government of India. It owns Kolar Gold Fields.
# Deo (futsal player)

André Henrique Justino (born 8 October 1982), commonly known as Deo, is a Brazilian futsal player who plays for MFC Aktobe as a winger.

## Honours

* UEFA Futsal Champions League: 2018–19
* 8*Campeonato Nacional da I Divisão de Futsal : 2003-04, 2005–06, 2009-10, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2016-17, 2017-18
# Vavali Gardan

Vavali Gardan (Persian: وولي گردن, also Romanized as Vavalī Gardan) is a village in Sajjadrud Rural District, Bandpey-ye Sharqi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 95, in 22 families.
# Lewis Malone Ayer Jr.

Lewis Malone Ayer Jr. (November 21, 1821 – March 8, 1895) was a South Carolina politician who served as a Confederate Congressman during the American Civil War.
Ayer was born near Barnwell, South Carolina, and educated in the common schools. He attended law school and passed his bar exam. After establishing a successful practice, he served in the state legislature from 1848 until 1856. He married Anna Patterson and raised a family.
An ardent supporter of states rights, Ayer signed the ordinance of secession and represented South Carolina in the Confederate Congress from 1862 until the war's end in 1865. He died in 1895 in Anderson, South Carolina.
# Ana Serrano Redonnet

Ana Serrano Redonnet (30 December 191? -15 June 1993) was an Argentine author, composer, conductor, guitarist and music critic who promoted Argentine folk music and used its themes in her own compositions. Her birth year is variously given as 1910, 1914, or 1916.
Serrano Redonnet was born in Buenos Aires. She studied guitar with Antonio Sinopoli and composition with Gilardo Gilardi and Jaume Pahissa. In addition to composing, she was the music critic for the Tribuna and Cabildo newspapers. She served as the music advisor at the Argentine Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Department of Cultural Affairs from 1941 to 1945, and produced a folk music program on the national radio, LRA Radio del Estado, in 1947. She conducted orchestras at Teatro Colón and in the Argentine provinces of Santa Fe and Cordoba. Her music was recorded commercially by LP Ten Records.
Serrano Redonnet’s works were published by Ediciones Musicales Argentinas and Ricordi Americana.
Her publications include:

## Ballet

* El Niño Alcalde

## Book

* Panorama Estetico de la Musica Argentina (Aesthetic Panorama of Argentine Music)

## Theater

* La Chaya
* Tierra

## Vocal

* Argentine Musical Songbook
* Arreos (voice and guitar)
* Bagualas de Chaya (voice and guitar)
* Canción de Cuna India (music by Gilardo Gilardi; text by Ana Serrano Redonnet)
* Cancion del Guagua
* Coplas Tuyas (voice and guitar)
* Danza (voice and guitar)
* El Maule (voice and guitar)
* Indianas (soprano, flute and drum)
* La Generala (voice and guitar)
* La Soledad (soloist, choir and string orchestra)
* Lamento (voice and guitar)
* Melisma de la Soledad (voice and guitar)
* Quebradenas (voice, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, guitar and folk instruments)
* Seis Aires Argentinos (texts by Bernardo Canal Feijoo, Rafael Jijena Sanchez and Domingo Zerpa)
* Vidala (voice and guitar)
* Yaravi (text by Ruben A. Vela)
* Yo Se Lo que Estoy Cantando (voice and guitar)
* Listen to Seis Aires Argentinos by Ana Serrano Redonnet
# Central Kalahari Game Reserve

Central Kalahari Game Reserve is an extensive national park in the Kalahari Desert of Botswana. Established in 1961 it covers an area of 52,800 square kilometres (20,400 sq mi) (larger than the Netherlands, and almost 10% of Botswana's total land area), making it the second largest game reserve in the world. The reserve is located entirely within Botswana's Ghanzi District, making up over 40% of the district's territory.

## History

The Bushmen, or San, have inhabited the lands for thousands of years since they roamed the area as nomadic hunters. However, since the mid-1990s the Botswana government has tried to relocate the Bushmen from the reserve, claiming they were a drain on financial resources despite revenues from tourism. In 1997, three quarters of the entire San population were relocated from the reserve, and in October 2005 the government had resumed the forced relocation into resettlement camps outside of the park leaving only about 250 permanent occupiers. In 2006 a Botswana court proclaimed the eviction illegal and affirmed the Bushmen's right to return to living in the reserve. However, as of 2015 most Bushmen are blocked from access to their traditional lands in the reserve. A nationwide ban on hunting made it illegal for the Bushmen to practice their traditional hunter-gatherer lifestyle, despite allowing private game ranches to provide hunting opportunities for tourists.
In 2014 a diamond mine called Ghaghoo operated by Gem Diamonds opened in the southeast portion of the reserve. The company estimated that the mine could yield $4.9 billion worth of diamonds. The Rapaport Diamond Report, a diamond-industry pricing guide, stated, "Ghaghoo's launch was not without controversy [...] given its location on the ancestral land of the Bushmen".
A huge bush fire in and around the park in the middle of September 2008 burnt around 80 percent of the reserve. The origin of the fire remains unknown.

## Geography

The land is mostly flat, and gently undulating covered with bush and grasses covering the sand dunes, and areas of larger trees. Many of the river valleys are fossilized with salt pans. Four fossilized rivers meander through the reserve including Deception Valley which began to form around 16,000 years ago.

## Wildlife

The Central Kalahari Game Reserve hosts South African giraffe, African bush elephant, spotted hyena, brown hyena, honey badger, meerkat, yellow mongoose, common warthog, South African cheetah, caracal, African wild dog, black-backed jackal, bat-eared fox, cape fox, African leopard, lion, blue wildebeest, plains zebra, common eland, sable antelope, gemsbok, springbok, steenbok, impala, greater kudu, aardvark, cape ground squirrel, cape hare, cape porcupine, red hartebeest and ostrich.
The most common trees are species of acacia and terminalia.
# Zhang Peili

Zhang Peili (simplified Chinese: 张培莉; traditional Chinese: 張培莉; pinyin: Zhāng Péilì; born 1941), or Zhang Beili (simplified Chinese: 张蓓莉; traditional Chinese: 張蓓莉; pinyin: Zhāng Bèilì), is a Chinese geologist and the wife of former Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao.
Zhang created the principal institutions which regulate the gemstone trade in China, the National Gemstone Testing Center and the Shanghai Diamond Exchange. She was formerly the vice-president of the Chinese Jewelry Association, and president and CEO of Beijing Diamond Jewelries Co., a state-owned company which has operations in both the mainland and Hong Kong.

## Biography

Zhang met Wen when he was working in Jiuquan as part of Gansu's Bureau of Geology. Being described as a strong-willed woman, her personality is in strict contrast to that of her husband, who is fairly introverted and modest. Zhang is never seen on any official occasions with the Premier. Zhang and Wen have a son and a daughter, Wen Yunsong and Wen Ruchun.
In 2007 Taiwan's TVBS found Zhang to be wearing a bracelet worth over 2 million RMB (approximately US$300,000) at a jewelry convention, and she was in Taiwan to buy a necklace valued 14 million RMB (approximately US$2,240,000).
Her private gemstone and jewellery business was successful, and after her husband attained high position, her fortune grew rapidly. Despite her great wealth she dresses modestly. According to the United States diplomatic cables leak, Wen has sought to divorce Zhang and is "disgusted" by how she has used his name to extract huge commissions in the diamond trade.

### Government and business activities

As manager of the National Gemstone Testing Center in Beijing and the China Mineral and Gem Corporation a state-owned enterprise Zhang was in a pivotal position which gave her the power to facilitate or deny entry by global diamond firms such as Cartier or De Beers into the regulated Chinese market.
In addition, using her position as manager of China Mineral and Gem Corporation, she facilitated a number of startups such as Beijing Diamond, a retailer; Shenzhen Diamond; and Sino-Diamond, a diamond importer, in the jewellery and gem business which her colleagues and family members were given the opportunity to invest in. Investments in other industries were financed by sale of interests in the diamond firms to wealthy businessmen. There is no evidence that her husband, the Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, played a role in advancing Zhang and her friends and relatives' fortunes, but, according to interviews by New York Times reporters with former associates, Zhang has freely traded on the association during the decades of the 1990s and 2000s implying that government favor followed those showing favor to her family and associates.
# Funsho

Funsho audio is a name of Yoruba descent common in Nigeria. Funsho is a diminutive of Olúfúnṣọ́ which means "God has given me to watch over".

## Notable people bearing the name

* Funsho Adeolu, Nigerian actor
* Funso Aiyejina, Nigerian poet
* Funsho Bamgboye, Nigerian footballer
* Funsho Ogundipe, Nigerian pianist
* Funsho Williams, Nigerian politician
# Rhun

Rhun may refer to:

## People

* Rhun (Welsh given name)
* Beli ap Rhun (517–599), King of Gwynedd
* Rhun ab Arthgal King of Strathclyde c. 870
* Rhun ab Owain Gwynedd (died 1146), son of King Owain Gwynedd
* Rhun Hir ap Maelgwn (died 586), King of Gwynedd
* Rhun ap Iorwerth (born 1972), Welsh politician and journalist
* Rhun Williams (born 1997), Welsh rugby union player

## Other uses

* Run (island) or Rhun, one of the Banda Islands, Indonesia
* Rhûn, a fictional region of Middle-earth created by J. R. R. Tolkien
* Prince Rhun, a fictional character in The Chronicles of Prydain
# Počarová

Počarová (Hungarian: Pocsaró) is a village and municipality in Považská Bystrica District in the Trenčín Region of north-western Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1466.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an elevation of 337 metres and covers an area of 2.316 km². It has a population of about 145 people.
# Good Timin' (The Beach Boys song)

"Good Timin'" is a song by the American rock band the Beach Boys and the second single from their 1979 album L.A. (Light Album). It is one of the few songs jointly credited to Brian and Carl Wilson.

## Recording

"Good Timin'" was recorded during the group's sessions at Brother Studios and Caribou Ranch in April and November 1974, respectively, with Brian contributing piano and harpsichord. The basic track was completed and Carl Wilson recorded the lead vocals. In a 1975 interview, Carl stated that the track had been slated for the group's next album. That album, which became 15 Big Ones, ultimately did not include "Good Timin'". In a 1976 interview, Dennis Wilson bemoaned the track's absence from 15 Big Ones, praising it as "another 'Surfer Girl'".
Due to negative critical reactions to the Beach Boys' "Here Comes the Night" disco single, "Good Timin'" was hastily assembled with necessary vocal overdubs by Carl and Bruce Johnston and released as a single. Johnston recalled: "I'm not putting Al down or Mike but the real soldier who stuck with me the whole time was Carl. The two of us sang the verses on Good Timin', the two of us sang the four vocal parts."

## Release

"Good Timin'" reached No. 40 in the U.S. during a stay of ten weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart; and peaked at No. 33 on the Cash Box sales chart. It was their first single to reach the Top 40 portion of the chart since "It's OK" in October 1976. It also reached No. 12 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.
Record World called it a "vintage Beach Boys ballad complete with rich layers of their trademark falsetto harmonies."

## Live performances

"Good Timin'" was performed live on tours throughout the early 1980s following its release. Brian sang the lead vocals during The 50th Reunion Tour with Al Jardine also on vocals filling in for Carl Wilson.

## Personnel

Sourced from sessionography archivist Craig Slowinski.

### Good Timin'

The Beach Boys
* Carl Wilson – lead and backing vocals, guitars
* Brian Wilson – piano, harpsichord, organ
* Dennis Wilson – drums
* Bruce Johnston – backing vocals, Fender Rhodes
* Mike Love – backing vocals
* Al Jardine – backing vocals
Additional musician
* Jim Guercio – bass

### Love Surrounds Me

The Beach Boys
* Dennis Wilson – lead, harmony and backing vocals, Fender Rhodes, Oberheim and Moog synthesizers, additional drums, timpani, arrangements
* Carl Wilson – backing vocals
* Bruce Johnston - backing vocals
Additional musicians
* Christine McVie – backing vocals
* Ed Carter – electric lead and rhythm guitars
* Neil Levang – dobro during closing vamp
* Joe Chemay – bass
* Carli Muñoz – grand piano
* Phil Shenale – Oberheim synthesizer during closing vamp
* Bobby Figueroa – drums
* Steve Forman – tambourine, mark tree, bell tree, cabasa during closing vamp
# Albert Buckley

Lt.-Col. Albert Buckley CBE DSO* JP (10 April 1877 – 13 November 1965) was a British Conservative politician and businessman.

## Early life and education

Buckley was born in Great Crosby, Lancashire, the son of wool broker William Buckley and Mary Hannah Buckley. His father was a nephew of Edmund Buckley and became a partner in his firm. He was educated at Merchant Taylors' Boys' School, Crosby and Aldenham School.

## War service

In the Boer War, he was awarded the Queen's Medal with three clasps. During the First World War, he commanded the 5th Battalion of the King's Liverpool Regiment. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and Bar and wounded.

## Career

Buckley entered Parliament for Waterloo in the 1918 general election. He held office under Bonar Law as a Junior Lord of the Treasury from 1922 to 1923 and under Bonar Law and later Stanley Baldwin as Secretary for Overseas Trade from March to November 1923. However, as a proponent of Free Trade, Buckley was in disagreement with Baldwin, and his local party withheld its support of him as a prospective candidate. He retired from politics at the 1923 general election and never returned to the House of Commons.
A wool broker by trade, Buckley was a partner in the family firm of Edmund Buckley & Co. He was also chairman and later president of Morris and Jones, Ltd., wholesale grocers in Liverpool. He was chairman of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce from 1924 to 1928 and served on the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board from 1928 to 1951. He was a magistrate for the city of Liverpool.
From 1931 to 1948, he led the savings movement in Liverpool. He was chairman of the Liverpool Savings Committee from 1931 until its 1942 amalgamation with the Liverpool War Bond Committee, at which point he was appointed chairman of the new body, the Liverpool National Savings Committee. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1946 Birthday Honours for his work in the savings movement.
Buckley was also chairman of the Liverpool Overhead Railway, the Liverpool Gas Company, the Birkenhead Brewery Company, Ltd., and the Bury Felt Manufacturing Company. He was chairman of Lloyd's Bank North-West Committee from 1957 to 1959.

## Personal life

Buckley married Elsie Juanita Fisher in 1919. They had three sons and two daughters. He died in November 1965, aged 88, at his home in Hoylake, Cheshire.
# A Wonderful Life (musical)

A Wonderful Life is a 1986 musical with a book and lyrics by Sheldon Harnick and music by Joe Raposo.
Based on the classic 1946 Frank Capra film It's a Wonderful Life starring James Stewart, the story closely follows the original plot, set in 1945, telling the story of a suicidal man whose guardian angel reveals to him how different the world and everyone whose life he has touched would be if he'd never been born. The film was based on the 1943 short booklet by Philip Van Doren Stern, The Greatest Gift.

## Background and production history

Harnick and Raposo worked for many years to put together a musical version of It's a Wonderful Life, but just as the musical's book was completed, a controversy arose over the rights to the underlying Stern story that delayed production of the show. During this delay, Raposo died of cancer in 1989.
A Wonderful Life was performed initially at the University of Michigan in 1986. The first professional production took place at the Wagon Wheel Playhouse in Warsaw, Indiana, in 1988, followed by a staged reading at the Paper Mill Playhouse, Millburn, New Jersey, in 1990. It was produced at Washington, DC's Arena Stage, running from November 15, 1991, to January 5, 1992.
On December 12, 2005, a staged concert version was directed by Carl Andress and choreographed by Denis Jones at the Shubert Theatre in New York City for the benefit of the Actors' Fund of America. Among the Broadway notables who participated were Brian Stokes Mitchell as George Bailey, David Hyde Pierce as guardian angel Clarence, Judy Kuhn as Mary Bailey, Dominic Chianese as Mr. Potter, Karen Ziemba as The MC, Philip Bosco as Joseph, Marian Seldes as Mrs. Hatch, Ronn Carroll as Tom Bailey, Marc Kudisch as Sam Wainwright, Michael Berresse as Harry Bailey, Nancy Anderson as Violet, Chuck Cooper as Uncle Billy, George S. Irving as Mr. Martini, Jayne Houdyshell as Mrs. Martini, and Phylicia Rashad as Millie Bailey. The event was hosted by Actors Fund President Joseph Benincasa and Vice Chair of the Actors Fund Bebe Neuwirth.
The Paper Mill Playhouse presented a fully staged production, from November through December 17, 2006, directed by James Brennan; it received moderately positive reviews. Theatre Under The Stars produced the work in 2007, and it has received other regional productions.
# Rosbruck

Rosbruck (French pronunciation:; German: Rossbrücken; Lorraine Franconian: Rossbrigg) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

## Twin towns

* Großrosseln (Germany)