OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paula Stafford

Paula Stafford OAM (10 June 1920 – 23 June 2022) was an Australian fashion designer credited with introducing the bikini to Australia. Graeme Potter, director of Queensland Museum South Bank, called her "Australia's original bikini designer".

## Early life

Stafford was born in Melbourne in 1920. After school she studied dress design at Emily McPherson School of Domestic Economy, a part of Melbourne Technical College. She lived in Gold Coast, Queensland.

## Fashion

The bikini is generally credited to Louis Réard in 1946, but two-piece swimming costumes had existed before then. Stafford had been making them for herself since the 1930s, but only gradually turned this into a business. In the 1940s, wartime shortages led to a desire to save fabric, which led to costumes becoming more skimpy. When somebody saw her self-made costume on the beach in Gold Coast and asked to buy one, she began selling them. Her styles became popular in Gold Coast and in Melbourne. She began manufacturing operations with a machinist working in her attic, but later built a factory, and opened a shop, called the Tog Shop, and also sold mail-order. The firm also expanded into leisurewear for men and women. She sold her clothes to stores including British retailers Selfridges and Liberty of London, and in Australia Myers, Georges, Buckleys, and David Jones. She also founded a modelling agency and a hotel.
In a famous incident in 1952, model Ann Ferguson was asked to leave a beach in Surfers Paradise because her outfit was too revealing; she was wearing a Paula Stafford bikini.
In 1993, Paula Stafford was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia in the General Division for service to the fashion industry.
Her work is on display at the Gold Coast Historical Society museum in Bundall, Queensland. It was also displayed in an exhibition of swimwear at the Queensland Museum South Bank in 2010. She was awarded Gold Coast City Council's "Legend Award" in 2012.

## Personal life

In 2010, Stafford's autobiography, Bikini: The Paula Stafford story, was published, co-written with Ali McGovern. In 2013, Stafford was inducted into the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame. She turned 100 on 10 June 2020 and died on 23 June 2022, aged 102, in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
The State Library of Queensland holds Paula Stafford's personal collection, Stafford was an impressive record keeper, with seemingly every new business venture, every new ad campaign, and every new swimsuit documented extensively. In 2013 a digital story was created by the State Library of Queensland interviewing Stafford. In the video Stafford discusses dressmaking and the development and success of her business. Paula talks about the bikini and how it launched her Surfers Paradise business; the development of the business; building business around her family; her unique business model; the Gold Coast and tourism; becoming an international brand and drawing international publicity; being a proud Queenslander.
# Denmylne Castle

Denmylne Castle is a ruined 16th-century tower house, about 1 mile (1.6 km) south east of Newburgh, Fife, Fife, Scotland, and 1 mile (1.6 km) north west of Lindores Loch It may be known alternatively as Den Miln Castle. It is a scheduled monument.

## History

The Balfours owned the property from 1452 to 1710. The castle dates from the late 16th century.
In 1460 James Balfour of Denmylne died at the siege of Roxburgh Castle, while John his son was killed in the battle of Flodden in 1513.
In 1617 Sir Michael Balfour of Denmylne's watermills were targeted by armed vandals who demolished the dam on Auld Lindores Loch. The flood broke the axles and wheels of the mills, and nearly demolished the buildings. The mill lades were filled up with red mud, as was a nearby house called Burnside belonging to John Leslie, 6th Earl of Rothes.
Sir James Balfour, 1st Baronet of Denmilne and Kinnaird was appointed Lord Lyon King of Arms in 1639 (according to Coventry). He compiled an important collection of Scottish historical manuscripts; and he also officiated at the coronations of both Charles I and Charles II. His brother Sir Andrew Balfour was the founder of the first Edinburgh Botanic Garden.

## Structure

The tower house is cross shaped, comprising a main block, a stair-tower projecting centrally, and a matching small rectangular tower. The structure has three storeys, and a garret with a corbelled-out parapet at one gable. There are large windows, and a number of gunloops. A courtyard surrounded the castle.
The main block is 41.5 feet (12.6 m) by 24 feet (7.3 m). It lies north west to south east. The stair wing is to the north east and the other projection to the south west.
# Rodolfo Lobos Zamora

Rodolfo Lobos Zamora (3 June 1936 – 18 April 1997) was a Guatemalan general and diplomat. He rose to the position of Chief of Staff of the Guatemalan Army before being forced into retirement in 1985, after which he served as Assistant Chief of State and Guatemala's ambassador to Panama.

## Military career

Lobos Zamora began his military career in the 1950s, and was sent to study at the United States Army Infantry School, from which he graduated in 1959, and then the Escuela Militar in Colombia, from which he graduated in 1965. He later rose to the command of the Mariscal Zavala base in Guatemala City. After the coup d'état which followed the 1982 elections, he and fellow colonels César Augusto Cáceres Rojas and Héctor Gramajo Morales — two other Guatemalan officers who had studied counter-insurgency tactics at foreign military schools — created the National Plan of Security and Development.
In October 1983, Lobos Zamora was named Chief of Staff of the Guatemalan Army, succeeding Hector Mario Lopez Fuentes. Lobos Zamora had been expected to be promoted to Minister of Defence, but after Vinicio Cerezo emerged victorious in the 1985 elections, he forced Lobos Zamora to retire from the military, and named Jaime Hernández Méndez as Minister of Defence instead.

## Diplomatic career

In February 1984, Lobos Zamora was named to the newly created position of Assistant Chief of State under Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores. He flew to Taipei, Taiwan, that year as his country's official representative at the inauguration of Chiang Ching-kuo to his second term as president of the Republic of China (ROC), demonstrating the close ties between the two anti-communist governments. His opposition led to a delay of nearly five years in the ROC's plans to establish relations with Belize: in 1984, when then-ROC ambassador to Guatemala Gene Loh travelled to Belize to meet with William Quinto and Prime Minister George Price, Lobos Zamora made his displeasure known, and a CIA agent informed Loh that if the ROC went ahead with its plans, Guatemala might break off relations entirely.
In March 1986, Lobos Zamora was named Guatemala's ambassador to Panama by the new civilian government of Vinicio Cerezo. The Grupo de Apoyo Mutuo accused him of human rights abuses and attempted to bring him to trial, but his diplomatic appointment made him immune from prosecution. During the 1988 confrontation between Manuel Noriega and the United States, Cerezo frequently recalled Lobos Zamora to Guatemala to provide updates and discuss the situation; the Guatemalan government paid close attention to the situation and sought to act as a mediator between Panama and the United States.
# Gary Dilley

Gary J. Dilley (born January 15, 1945) is an American former competition swimmer and Olympic medalist. He represented the United States at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, where he received a silver medal in men's 200-meter backstroke, finishing second behind American teammate Jed Graef. Dilley set new Olympic records in the heats and semifinals, but Graef improved upon Dilley's records in the event's second semifinal and final.
Dilley attended Michigan State University, where he swam for the Michigan State Spartans swimming and diving team under Head Coach Charles McCaffree. Dilley graduated from the Indiana University School of Dentistry, went on to earn a doctorate in orthodontics from the University of North Carolina School of Dentistry and then specialized in pediatric dentistry and orthodontics. He maintained his orthodontic practice in Cary, North Carolina, and was formerly a faculty member at the UNC School of Dentistry.
# New Moscow

New Moscow may refer to:
* New Moscow, Ohio, an unincorporated community in the United States
* New Moscow, Moscow, a territorial expansion of the city of Moscow, Russia
* Novaya Moskva, a number of inhabited localities in Russia
* 1889 name of a Russian settlement in Sagallo, present-day Djibouti
* The New Moscow, a 1938 film
* New Moscow (painting), a 1937 painting by Yuri Pimenov
* Nieuw Moscou [nl], a village near Hoogeveen, Netherlands
* Novomoskovsk, Ukraine, meaning "new Moscow" in Russian/Ukrainian, a town in Ukraine
# List of NCAA rifle programs

The following are schools that field collegiate teams in rifle in the NCAA. Since there are only 22 Division I schools, 2 Division II schools, and 5 Division III schools that sponsor rifle, the NCAA holds only a single National Collegiate championship. There are 2 men's teams, 9 women's teams, and 23 mixed/co-ed teams (the number of teams exceeds the number of schools because four schools field two teams).
| Institution | Teams | Div. | Location | Location | Conference |
| Institution | Teams | Div. | City | State | Conference |
| Air Force | Falcons | I | Air Force Academy | Colorado | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| Akron | Zips | I | Akron | Ohio | Great America Rifle Conference |
| UAB | Blazers | I | Birmingham | Alabama | Southern Conference |
| Alaska | Nanooks | II | Fairbanks | Alaska | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| Army | Black Knights | I | West Point | New York | Great America Rifle Conference |
| The Citadel | Bulldogs | I | Charleston | South Carolina | Southern Conference |
| Georgia Southern | Eagles | I | Statesboro | Georgia | Southern Conference |
| Jacksonville State | Gamecocks | I | Jacksonville | Alabama | |
| John Jay | Bloodhounds | III | New York | New York | Mid-Atlantic Rifle Conference |
| Kentucky | Wildcats | I | Lexington | Kentucky | Great America Rifle Conference |
| MIT | Engineers | III | Cambridge | Massachusetts | Mid-Atlantic Rifle Conference |
| Memphis | Tigers | I | Memphis | Tennessee | Great America Rifle Conference |
| Mount Aloysius | Mounties | III | Cresson | Pennsylvania | Mid-Atlantic Rifle Conference |
| Ole Miss | Rebels | I | University | Mississippi | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| Morehead State | Eagles | I | Morehead | Kentucky | Ohio Valley Conference |
| Murray State | Racers | I | Murray | Kentucky | Ohio Valley Conference |
| Schreiner University | Mountaineers | III | Kerrville | Texas | Mid-Atlantic Rifle Conference |
| Navy | Midshipmen | I | Annapolis | Maryland | Great America Rifle Conference |
| Nebraska | Cornhuskers | I | Lincoln | Nebraska | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| North Georgia | Nighthawks | II | Dahlonega | Georgia | Southern Conference |
| Norwich | Cadets | III | Northfield | Vermont | Mid-Atlantic Rifle Conference |
| Ohio State | Buckeyes | I | Columbus | Ohio | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| UT Martin | Skyhawks | I | Martin | Tennessee | Ohio Valley Conference |
| TCU | Horned Frogs | I | Fort Worth | Texas | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| UTEP | Miners | I | El Paso | Texas | Patriot Rifle Conference |
| VMI | Keydets | I | Lexington | Virginia | Southern Conference |
| West Virginia | Mountaineers | I | Morgantown | West Virginia | Great America Rifle Conference |
| Wofford | Terriers | I | Spartanburg | South Carolina | Southern Conference |
# Pitsiulartok

Pitsiulartok or Pituilaktok (formerly Fairway Island) is a small, uninhabited island located at 63°15'N, 90°33'W in Hudson Bay, about 13 km from the community of Chesterfield Inlet, Nunavut, Canada. The narrow island is about 3.5 km in length and barely 1 km wide at its widest point. Traditionally it was a walrus-hunting ground for the local Inuit, and a landmark for southern whalers. It is part of a loose chain of small islands running along the coast, including Sakpik Island and Promise Island.
The name "Pituilaktok" comes from the Inuktitut name for a local bird known in English as the black guillemot (cepphus grylle), "pitiula".
# Ambatomainty

Ambatomainty is a rural town in western Madagascar. It is the principal town in the Ambatomainty District, Melaky Region, approximately 220 kilometres north-west of the capital Antananarivo.
It is served by Ambatomainty Airport and the unpaved National road 8c from Morafenobe (108 km).
# Georg Simon Klügel

Georg Simon Klügel (August 19, 1739 – August 4, 1812) was a German mathematician and physicist.
He was born in Hamburg, and in 1760 went to the University of Göttingen where he initially studied theology before switching to mathematics. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg was a fellow student. His doctoral thesis Conatuum praecipuorum theoriam parallelarum demonstrandi recensio, published in 1763 with Abraham Gotthelf Kästner as doctoral advisor, was a study of 30 attempted proofs of the parallel postulate. It was influential at the time and much cited.
Klügel edited the Hannöversche Magazin for 2 years from 1766, before becoming professor of mathematics at the University of Helmstedt. In 1788 he succeeded Wenzeslaus Johann Gustav Karsten to the chair of mathematics and physics at the University of Halle. He died in Halle in 1812.
He remained in correspondence with Lichtenberg throughout his career.
Klügel made an exceptional contribution to trigonometry, unifying formulae and introducing the concept of trigonometric function, (including coining the term) in his Analytische Trigonometrie 1770.

## Publications

* Conatuum praecipuorum theoriam parallelarum demonstrandi recensio, Dissertation, 1760;
* Encyklopädie der gemeinnützigsten Kenntnisse ("Encyclopedia of Common Knowledge") (Berlin 1782-1806, 3 volumes);
* Anfangsgründe der Arithmetik (Berlin 1793, 6th edition 1819);
* Die gemeinnützigsten Vernunftkenntnisse (2nd edition Leipzig 1791).
# Laura Loudon

Laura Loudon (née Bennie;13 March 1871 - 22 May 1945) was a Scottish painter. She won the Lauder Prize in 1939.

## Life

Laura Jane Bennie was born in 1871 in Tradeston, Glasgow.
Her father was James Bennie (c.1834 - 1884), a manager of an iron foundry.
Her mother was Margaret Muir Smith (18 October 1837 -4 November 1905).
They married on 6 October 1957 in Tradeston. Laura was one of their nine children.
Laura married John Loudon (born c. 1870) in 1897 in Bridge of Weir, Renfrewshire. John was also an artist, and he became an Art Master in Hamilton Academy; and later became a Chief Inspector for Art in Scotland. They had two children.
Their daughter was Noni McCrone (8 August 1902 - 7 November 1991), also an artist.
Their son John Alexander Loudon was born around 1904.

## Art

She studied at Glasgow School of Art from 1888 to 1897.
From 1918 almost until her death she stayed in various houses around Ayr. From 15 Wellington Street in Ayr, she exhibited her first piece in the Royal Scottish Academy exhibition. This was Master Jack MacLaurin. In 1920 she exhibited two pieces at the RSA: Mrs. R. D. Fergusson and Sarah, Daughter Of James A. Morris Esq.
In 1925 she was at 9 Cassilis Street in Ayr. She exhibited a Still Life at the RSA.
In 1927 she was at Moorlands, Bellevale in Ayr and she exhibited Noni at the RSA which was a portrait of her daughter.
In 1930 and 1931 she was back at 9 Cassilis Street in Ayr. In 1930 she exhibited The White Shawl at the RSA; and in 1931 she exhibited Flowers That Bloom In The Spring.
In 1938 she was back at Moorlands, Bellevale in Ayr. She exhibited her last pieces with the RSA in that year: another Still Life and Scotch Firs.
In 1939 she won the Lauder Prize with a still life in the Glasgow Society of Lady Artists exhibition. She also exhibited a landscape in the same exhibition East Wind. The Glasgow Herald observing that Louden had changed her style of painting.

## Death

She died on 22 May 1945 in Moulin near Pitlochry.

## Works

In addition to the works listed above, her A Still Life of a Profusion of Red Flowers in Vases, and Still Life With Flowers are known.
Her Portrait Of A Blonde Little Girl, and A Wooded Hillside are also known.
# George Cornetta

George Cornetta (January 12, 1894 – May 12, 1967) was an American long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 10,000 metres at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# 2017 in Latvia

Events in the year 2017 in Latvia.

## Incumbents

* President: Raimonds Vējonis
* Prime Minister: Māris Kučinskis

## Events

* 22 July – the Eurovision Choir of the Year 2017 was held in Riga, with Latvia placing third.

## Deaths

* 21 January – Biruta Baumane, painter (born 1922).
* 10 March – Gido Kokars, conductor (born 1921).
* 8 August — Pēteris Plakidis, composer (born 1947).
* 15 August — Gunārs Birkerts, architect (born 1925).
* 10 September — Konstantins Pupurs, historian, linguist, political scientist and activist (born 1964).
* 7 December — Žermēna Heine-Vāgnere, operatic soprano (born 1923).
# Earth and Ashes

Earth and Ashes (Persian: خاکستر و خاک) is a 2004 Afghan film directed and co-written by Atiq Rahimi, based on his book of the same name which was published in 2000. It was Afghanistan's submission to the 77th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film but was not nominated. It was also screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival. It won the Golden Dhow award at the 2005 Zanzibar International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Abdul Ghani - Dastaguir
* Jawan Mard Homayoun - Yassin
* Kader Arefi - Fateh
* Guilda Chahverdi - Zaynab
* Walli Tallosh - Mirza Qadir
* Malik Akhlaqi - Malik Khan
# HMS Southampton (1912)

HMS Southampton was a Town-class light cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the 1910s. She was a member of the Chatham sub-class of the Town class. The ship survived the First World War and was sold for scrap in 1926.

## Design and description

The Chatham sub-class were slightly larger and improved versions of the preceding Weymouth sub-class. They were 457 feet (139.3 m) long overall, with a beam of 49 feet (14.9 m) and a draught of 16 feet (4.9 m). Displacement was 5,400 long tons (5,500 t) normal and 6,000 long tons (6,100 t) at full load. Twelve Yarrow boilers fed Southampton's Parsons steam turbines, driving two propeller shafts, that were rated at 25,000 shaft horsepower (19,000 kW) for a design speed of 25.5 knots (47.2 km/h; 29.3 mph). The ship reached 26.1 knots (48.3 km/h; 30.0 mph) during her sea trials from 25,720 shp (19,180 kW). The boilers used both fuel oil and coal, with 1,200 long tons (1,219 t) of coal and 260 long tons (264 t) tons of oil carried, which gave a range of 4,460 nautical miles (8,260 km; 5,130 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
The main armament of the Chathams was eight BL 6-inch Mk XI naval guns. Two of these guns were mounted on the centreline fore and aft of the superstructure and two more were mounted on the forecastle deck abreast the bridge. The remaining four guns amidships were raised to the extended forecastle deck, which meant that they could be worked in all weathers. All these guns were fitted with gun shields. Four Vickers 3-pounder (47 mm) saluting guns were also fitted. Their armament was completed by two submerged 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes.

## Construction and career

Southampton was laid down on 6 April 1911 by John Brown & Company at their Clydebank shipyard and launched on 16 May 1912. Upon completion in November, the ship was assigned to the 1st Battle Squadron and she became flagship of the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron in July 1913.
The ship had an extremely active wartime career. Southampton participated in the Battle of Heligoland Bight, and later in the Battle of Dogger Bank in early 1915. In May 1916, Southampton fought in the Battle of Jutland as flagship of 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron where she torpedoed the German light cruiser SMS Frauenlob, which subsequently sank. In 1917, she was transferred to the 8th Light Cruiser Squadron with whom she remained for the rest of the war.
Southampton was sold for scrapping on 13 July 1926 to Thos. W. Ward, of Pembroke Dock.
# Scott Squires

Scott Squires (born November 7, 1956) is an American visual effects supervisor and director. His first film project was Close Encounters of the Third Kind, where he developed the Cloud Tank Effect. In 1979 Squires, Hoyt Yeatman, Rocco Gioffre, Fred Iguchi, Tom Hollister and Bob Hollister co-founded Dream Quest Images, a visual effects house, which was later purchased by Disney. Squires was president of Dream Quest and left in 1985 to work for Industrial Light and Magic. Squires worked as visual effects supervisor and commercial director at ILM for 20 years and is now a freelance director and visual effects supervisor.
While at ILM, Squires received an Academy Technical Award for Input Scanning and received Academy Award nominations for The Mask, Dragonheart, and Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace.
# Gil Stovall

William Gilbert Stovall, V (born June 3, 1986) is an American former competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 2008 Olympic Games. Stovall placed second in his signature event, the 200-meter butterfly, at the U.S. Olympic Trials in Omaha, Nebraska, with a career-best time of 1:53.86, which earned him a place on the U.S. Olympic team. At that time, Stovall was the second-fastest swimmer ever in that event, behind only Michael Phelps.
Stovall swam competitively for the University of Georgia from 2004 to 2008. In his final season at Georgia, he broke Melvin Stewart's 17-year-old NCAA record in the 200-yard butterfly at the NCAA Men's Swimming Championships, winning the title. Stovall coached for the Cincinnati Marlins for one season.
Gil is currently an adjunct instructor with HMTC, he is especially known for his expertise in Hazardous Material Shipment placarding.
# Dolphin Island (Nunavut)

Dolphin Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is located at the confluence of Hudson Strait and the Labrador Sea.
Dolphin Island, a member of the Button Islands, is small and lies southwest of Holdridge Island.
Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Clark Island, Holdridge Island, King Island, Leading Island, and Niels Island.
# Baqên Town

Baqên Township (Tibetan: སྦྲ་ཆེན་, Wylie Sbra Chen; Chinese: 巴青乡; pinyin: Bāqīng Xiang) is a small township in Baqên County within Nagqu Prefecture in the north of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.