OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Slavery in the Bahamas

Slavery in the Bahamas dates back several centuries.

## 19th century
### Golden Grove uprising

In December 1831, a slave riot occurred on the estate of Joseph Hunter, who had the largest slave holdings on Golden Grove. Although the Consolidated Slave Act of 1797 stated that all slaves were entitled to rest on Christmas and the next two working days, Christmas in 1831 was on a Sunday which had already been an official rest day for slaves since 1830. Therefore, it was up to their owners to determine when their one outstanding rest day would be repaid. However, Hunter's slaves were displeased with his designation of the Saturday before Christmas week as their rest day; they continued to work on Saturday, collecting their Christmas allowances on Sunday instead, and demanded that Wednesday be their holiday. At the direction of senior slave "Black Dick" Deveaux, the slaves defied Hunter's orders to harvest corn on Wednesday and some were even accused by Hunter of stealing fruit. On 30 December, Black Dick, his sons, Wally and Richard, and the other slaves surrounded the Hunter estate; Black Dick and his sons were armed with muskets, although slaves were not permitted by law to bear firearms. A shootout ensued with no fatalities and the rebellion lasted for three days, while Hunter made preparations to leave for Nassau in early January 1832. The perpetrators were subsequently arrested by the Second West India Regiment and stood trial on 25 January 1832; Black Dick and six other slaves were sentenced to death by hanging.

### The end of slavery

Slavery was legally ended in all British colonies in 1833. The Creole case of 7 November 1841, which has been described as "the most successful revolt of enslaved people in U.S. history", a mutiny occurred on the New Orleans-bound Creole, which was transporting some 135 slaves from Richmond, Virginia. After wounding the captain and killing one of the slave traders, the mutineers navigated the ship to the Bahamas, where all the slaves onboard ultimately found their freedom.

## Modern era

In 1992, the Pompey Museum of Slavery and Emancipation, named after "a courageous slave, Pompey, who lived on the Rolle Plantation on Steventon, Exuma", was established at the former Vendue House marketplace at Bay Street, Nassau. In October 2013, following a Caribbean Community (CARICOM) meeting on reparations in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Bahamas joined 13 other CARICOM states in formally demanding slavery compensation from Britain, Holland, and France.
# John Grieve (poet)

John Grieve (12 September 1781 – 4 April 1836), was a Scottish poet.

## Early pursuits

John, son of the Rev. Walter Grieve, minister of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, was born at Dunfermline on 12 Sept. 1781. He was educated at the parish school of Ettrick, where his father had settled on retiring from the ministry. After leaving school he was first a merchant's clerk in Alloa, and then acted for some time as a bank clerk in Greenock; he returned to Alloa, however, to become a partner in the firm of his former employer. In 1804, he began business in Edinburgh, in partnership with Mr. Chalmers Izzet, hat-maker.

## He becomes a writer

Here he was successful, and found leisure for literary pursuits. He contributed to various periodicals, his most notable efforts being the songs which he wrote for the Forest Minstrel of James Hogg. He was on intimate terms with Hogg, who speaks of his literary advice as well as his material assistance. Hogg's Madoc of the Moor is dedicated to him, and he figures as a competing minstrel in the Queen's Wake.
It was on Grieve's recommendation that the Queen's Wake was published, and in regard to the more generous support given him by Grieve and his partner, Hogg says that without this he could never have fought his way in Edinburgh:
   "I was fairly starved into it, and if it had not been for Messrs. Grieve and Scott would in a very short time have been starved out of it again."
In 1817, Grieve retired from business through ill-health. Until his death he was a well-known figure in Edinburgh literary society. He died unmarried on 4 April 1836, and was buried in St. Mary's, Yarrow.
# Optic cup (anatomical)

The optic cup is the white, cup-like area in the center of the optic disc.
The ratio of the size of the optic cup to the optic disc (cup-to-disc ratio, or C/D) is one measure used in the diagnosis of glaucoma. Different C/Ds can be measured horizontally or vertically in the same patient. C/Ds vary widely in healthy individuals. However, larger vertical C/Ds, or C/Ds which are very different between the eyes, may raise suspicion of glaucoma. A C/D which enlarges vertically over months or years suggests glaucoma.

## Cup-to-disc ratio

The cup-to-disc ratio (often notated CDR) is a measurement used in ophthalmology and optometry to assess the progression of glaucoma. The optic disc is the anatomical location of the eye's "blind spot", the area where the optic nerve leave and blood vessels enter the retina. The optic disc can be flat or it can have a certain amount of normal cupping. But glaucoma, which is in most cases associated with an increase in intraocular pressure, often produces additional pathological cupping of the optic disc. The pink rim of disc contains nerve fibers. The white cup is a pit with no nerve fibers. As glaucoma advances, the cup enlarges until it occupies most of the disc area.
The cup-to-disc ratio compares the diameter of the cup portion of the optic disc with the total diameter of the optic disc. A good analogy to better understand the cup-to-disc ratio is the ratio of a donut hole to a donut. The hole represents the cup and the surrounding area the disc. If the cup fills 1/10 of the disc, the ratio will be 0.1. If it fills 7/10 of the disc, the ratio is 0.7. The normal cup-to-disc ratio is less than 0.5. A large cup-to-disc ratio may imply glaucoma or other pathology. However, cupping by itself is not indicative of glaucoma. Rather, it is an increase in cupping as the patient ages that is an indicator for glaucoma. Deep but stable cupping can occur due to hereditary factors without glaucoma.
# Rowson's Reserve

Rowson's Reserve is a brand of Indian whisky, owned by Diageo, and launched on 3 October 2011. It is a blend of Indian grain whisky and aged Scotch whisky.
Rowson's Reserve's main competitors are Pernod Ricard's Blenders Pride and United Spirits Limited's Signature.

## History

Rowson's Reserve was launched on 3 October 2011 in Maharashtra, Haryana, Punjab and Karnataka. The launch marked Diageo's return to the Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL) market, in which it had been inactive since 2002.
# Major case squad

A major case squad is a division within some police departments. The detectives of these divisions typically investigate crimes beyond the scope of normal squads. These functions vary from department to department.

## New York City Police Department

The major case squad of the New York City Police Department is located at One Police Plaza in Manhattan, New York City. The squad investigates the following types of cases:
* Art theft
* Burglary or attempted burglary of a bank or bank safe
* Burglary of truck contents over $100,000
* All commercial burglaries in which the value of the property stolen exceeds $100,000
* Kidnappings, as directed by the Chief of Detectives
* Larceny by extortion, or attempted larceny by extortion, from a bank
* Larceny of truck contents over $100,000.
* Robbery, or attempted robbery, of a bank by an armed perpetrator
* All robberies in warehouse depots, or similar locations, where the objects of the crime is a truck or its contents
* Robbery of truck and contents by hijacking
The New York City Major Case Squad does not normally investigate homicides: Those are generally conducted by precinct detective squads and borough homicide squads; the exceptions involve homicides committed by violent criminal organizations that fall under larger federal RICO investigations and prosecutions, as well as the murder of police officers. On the matter of the homicides of police officers, the major case squad was originally formed in response to the wave of assassinations of police officers in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The ultimate responsibility for any homicide case in NYC rests with the precinct detective squad concerned, but the major case squad has historically played a large and important role in the investigation of any homicide of an NYC police officer.

## St. Louis

The Major Case Squad of Greater St. Louis was formed in 1965 and is a multi-departmental unit charged with investigating major crimes in six Missouri and four Illinois counties. The squad brings together specially trained, and highly experienced investigators and averages an 80% clearance rate.
# Csaba Szatmári

Csaba Szatmári (born 2 November 1973 in Debrecen) is a Hungarian football player who currently plays for Tiszaújváros.
In the 1996 Summer Olympics, he was a member of the Hungarian squad which was eliminated in the first round of the competition.
Despite a successful club career at Debrecen VSC, Szatmári never managed to feature in the national team since the 1996 Olympics.
# Derrick Trench

Major Derrick le Poer Trench DSO MC (25 May 1882 – 27 August 1917) was a British Army officer and recipient of the Military Cross.
Trench was born in 1882, the son of Colonel Stewart Trench. He was educated at Bloxham School in Oxfordshire and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich.
Trench was commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1900, being promoted to captain in 1912. He served with the Guards Division Artillery during the First World War and was promoted to major in 1915. He was awarded the Military Cross the same year. Trench was mentioned in dispatches four times during the war, on 22 June 1915, 1 January and 15 June 1916, and 11 December 1917. He was made a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order in 1917. He was killed, alongside Brigadier-General Malcolm Peake, by a German shell on 27 August 1917.
# Cheongmyeong station

Cheongmyeong station (Korean: 청명역) is a subway station of the Suin–Bundang Line, the commuter subway line of Korail, the national railway of South Korea. The station was opened in December 2012 as part of the Mangpo extension of the Bundang Line.
The station is located in Yeongtong-dong, Yeongtong District, Suwon, Gyeonggi Province and serves Yeongtong-dong and Yeongtong District. It has two side platforms with two tracks running between them and is located underground at an approximate depth of 28 meters. It also serves as an important transportation hub connecting to Wangsimni or Cheongnyangni Stations on Seoul Subway Lines 2 & 5 respectively.
The station features a number of amenities including ticket vending machines, elevators, escalators and restrooms. It also provides transfer access to bus routes and multiple intercity buses as well as bike rental services. Additionally, there are various shops located within the premises that offer food and beverages for commuters. Cheongmyeong Station is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week allowing passengers to travel conveniently without any time restrictions.
The station's name derives from its native Korean name 청명 (Cheonmgyeong) which literally means "clear brightness". In hanja script it is written 淸明驛 meaning "clear bright station".
| Preceding station | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Following station |
| Sanggaltowards Wangsimni or Cheongnyangni | | Suin–Bundang Line | | Yeongtongtowards Incheon |
vteSeoul Metropolitan Subway :
# Nicolas Martinetti

Nicolas Martinetti (born January 1, 1989, in Ajaccio) is a French professional football player who currently plays for FC Aregno Calvi.

## Career

He played on the professional level in Ligue 2 for SC Bastia. He played the 2009/2010 season in the Championnat de France amateur for Gazélec Ajaccio, before in July 2010 signed for FC Aregno Calvi.
# List of highways numbered 102

Route 102 or Highway 102 can refer to multiple roads:

## China

* China National Highway 102

## Canada

* New Brunswick Route 102
* Newfoundland and Labrador Route 102
* Nova Scotia Highway 102
* Ontario Highway 102
* Prince Edward Island Route 102
* Saskatchewan Highway 102

## Costa Rica

* National Route 102

## Cuba

* N–102–C

## India

* National Highway 102 (India)

## Ireland

* R102 road (Ireland)

## Japan

* Japan National Route 102

## Korea, South

* Namhae Expressway Branch 1

## Nigeria

* F102 highway (Nigeria)

## Philippines

* N102 highway (Philippines)

## United Kingdom

* A102 road in London, England
* B102 road

## United States

* U.S. Route 102 (former)
* Alabama State Route 102
* Arkansas Highway 102
* California State Route 102 (unconstructed)
* Colorado State Highway 102 (former)
* Connecticut Route 102
* Florida State Road 102
** County Road 102 (Levy County, Florida)
* Georgia State Route 102
* Illinois Route 102
* Indiana State Road 102 (former)
* Iowa Highway 102
* K-102 (Kansas highway)
* Kentucky Route 102
* Louisiana Highway 102
* Maine State Route 102
* Maryland Route 102 (former)
* Massachusetts Route 102
* M-102 (Michigan highway)
* Minnesota State Highway 102
** County Road 102 (Anoka County, Minnesota)
** County Road 102 (St. Louis County, Minnesota)
* Missouri Route 102
** Missouri Route 102 (1929) (former)
* Nebraska Highway 102 (former)
* New Hampshire Route 102
* County Route 102 (Bergen County, New Jersey)
* New Mexico State Road 102
* New York State Route 102
** County Route 102 (Albany County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Cayuga County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Cortland County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Montgomery County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Orleans County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Schenectady County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Seneca County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Suffolk County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Sullivan County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Tompkins County, New York)
** County Route 102 (Wayne County, New York)
* North Carolina Highway 102
* Ohio State Route 102 (former)
* Oklahoma State Highway 102
* Pennsylvania Route 102
* Rhode Island Route 102
* South Carolina Highway 102
* Tennessee State Route 102
* Texas State Highway 102
** Texas State Highway Spur 102
** Farm to Market Road 102
* Utah State Route 102
* Vermont Route 102
* Virginia State Route 102
** Virginia State Route 102 (1923-1928)
** Virginia State Route 102 (1928-1933)
** Virginia State Route 102 (1933-1951)
* Washington State Route 102
* West Virginia Route 102
* Wisconsin Highway 102

### Territories

* Puerto Rico Highway 102
# András Frank

András Frank (born 3 June 1949) is a Hungarian mathematician, working in combinatorics, especially in graph theory, and combinatorial optimisation. He is director of the Institute of Mathematics of the Faculty of Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest.

## Mathematical work

Using the LLL-algorithm, Frank, and his student, Éva Tardos developed a general method, which could transform some polynomial-time algorithms into strong polynomial. He solved the problem of finding the minimum number of edges to be added to a given undirected graph so that in the resulting graph the edge-connectivity between any two vertices u and v is at least a predetermined number f(u,v).

## Degrees, awards

He received the Candidate of Mathematical Science degree in 1980, advisor: László Lovász, and the Doctor of Mathematical Science degree (1990) from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 1998 he was an Invited Speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians in Berlin. He was awarded the Tibor Szele Prize of the János Bolyai Mathematical Society in 2002 and the Albert Szent-Györgyi Prize in 2009. In June 2009 the ELTE Mathematical Institute sponsored a workshop in honor of his 60th birthday.
# Tom Myers (sound engineer)

Tom Myers is an American sound engineer. He has been nominated for 3 Academy Awards; one for Best Sound Mixing and two for Best Sound Editing. He has worked on more than 100 films since 1990.

## Selected filmography

* Mission: Impossible (1996)
* Geri's Game (1997)
* Grandia (1997)
* Quest for Camelot (1998)
* For the Birds (2000)
* Monsters, Inc. (2001)
* Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002)
* Bayside Shakedown 2 (2003)
* Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (2005)
* Cars (2006)
* WALL-E (2008) – Best Sound
* Up (2009) – Best Sound Editing
* Toy Story 3 (2010) – Best Sound Editing
* 009 Re:Cyborg (2012)
* Kong: Skull Island (2017)
# Anita Rau Badami

Anita Rau Badami (born 24 September 1961) is a Canadian writer of Indian descent.

## Personal life and education

Badami was born 24 September 1961 in Rourkela, Odisha, India, to a South Indian Kannada-speaking family.
She attended Sophia College, where she studied Social Communications Media, and received a Bachelor of Arts in English from the University of Madras.
Badami married in 1984; her son was born in 1987.
In 1991, she immigrated to Canada, then attended the University of Calgary, where she received a Master of Arts in Creative Writing in 1995. In 1997, her thesis project was published under the title Tamarind Mem.

## Career

Badami began her career in India as a copywriter and freelance journalist.
After moving to Canada in 1991, she published her first novel, Tamarind Mem, in 1997.
In 2015 Badami was writer-in-residence at Athabasca University in Edmonton.
In 2017, Badami was chair of the Scotiabank Giller Prize jury.

## Influences

Badami cites as among her favourite books Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie, Cat's Eye and Surfacing by Margaret Atwood, A House for Mr Biswas by V. S. Naipaul, and Housekeeping by Marilynne Robinson.

## Awards and honours

In 2000, Badami won the Marian Engel Award to honour her body of work.
In 2016, The Hero's Walk was listed as one of the five finalists for the CBC Canada Reads competition.
In 2019, CBC Books included Badami on their "100 writers in Canada the world should read" list.
Awards for Badami's writing :
| Year | Title | Award | Result |
| 2000 | The Hero's Walk | Kiriyama Prize for Fiction | |
| 2001 | The Hero's Walk | Commonwealth Book Prize: Canada and the Caribbean | Winner |
| 2001 | The Hero's Walk | Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize | Shortlist |
| 2002 | The Hero's Walk | Orange Prize for Fiction | Longlist |
| | Can You Hear the Nightbird Call? | International Dublin Literary Award | Longlist |
| | Can You Hear the Nightbird Call? | Orange Prize for Fiction | Longlist |
| 2012 | Tell It to the Trees | International Dublin Literary Award | Longlist |
| 2013 | Tell It to the Trees | OLA Evergreen Award | Shortlist |
# Bharatiya Mandir Hindu Temple

Bharatiya Mandir is a Hindu temple in the Auckland suburb of Sandringham. It is the oldest and first purpose-built temple in New Zealand and officially opened in June 1993.
Bharatiya Mandir is a significant cultural landscape for Auckland's Hindu community and Hindu Indian diaspora. It is a site which hosts religious festivities such as Diwali.

## History

In 1986, now philanthropist and member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, Roshanlal Nauhria and a group of Hindu New Zealanders made plans to build a Hindu temple to accommodate for Auckland's growing Hindu population. On 29 October 1988, the temple site was blessed by Sant Shri Morari Bapu, during a visit to New Zealand from India. On 1 September 1991 a land purification ceremony (Bhoomi Puja) was carried out by Acharya Shri Vasantbhau Kantilal Shukla and was witnessed by around 600 devotees. With donations from around 51 families, the foundational bricks of the temple were laid. This followed with a foundation ceremony (Shila Ropan). A time capsule was also established and put in place on 20 September 1991.
The first group of trustees of the Bharatiya Mandir were, Shri Shivlal Master, Dr. Chunibhai Madhav, Roshanlal Nauhria, Thakor Parbhu, Kantilal Bhikha, Dr. Rajinder Agnihotri, Dr. Kantilal N. Patel, Mohanbhai Daya, Narendra Masters and Navin Chandra Patel. Committee members were chosen to travel to India, along with architect Peter Tibbitts (from Stiffe Hooker and Associates), to study other mandir temples and select Murti and other authentic Hindu religious objects for use at Bharatiya Mandir.

## Current

In November 2016 Bharatiya Mandir purchased the neighbouring Balmoral Community Centre which hosts local community groups and events. The temple is located in the suburb of Sandringham, known for its South Asian influence and dubbed 'Little India' due to its extensive range of South Asian shops and eateries.
The Bharatiya Mandir now organises events for the community of devotees such as youth groups, education classes library services, music classes, yoga classes, various language classes, traditional dance classes and a women's group. Festivals are celebrated such as Lohri Celebrations, Makarsankranti, Vasant Panchami/ Saraswati Puja, Maha Shivratri, Holika Dahan, Holi, Chaitra Navaratri/Ugadi Celebrations, Ram Navmi, Hanuman Jayanti, Guru Purnima, Raksha Bandhan, Krishna Janmashtami, Ganesha Chaturthi, Ganesha Visarjan, Sharadiya Navaratri, Maha Navmi, Sharad Purnima, Dussehra, Karwa Chauth, Dhan Teras, Narak Chaturdashi, Lakshmi Puja/Diwali, Govardhan Puja, Bhai Dooj and Geeta Jayanti.
In 2023 the temple celebrated its 30 year jubilee.
# Geoffroy Gournet

Geoffroy Gournet is a European-trained master engraver. He was born in France and moved the United States in 1985. In 1987 he became the official and sole engraver at Parker Reproductions, engraving the A1 Special.

## Training

Geoffroy Gournet began his training in Belgium. He attended the Belgian School of Gunsmithing in Liège, where he was awarded The First Prize of Basculage (Gunsmithing) for his work. He learned the techniques of gunsmithing under the guidance of Ernest Dumoulin. He also earned the First prize at Liège's School of Engraving.
From Belgium he continued his training in Gardone Val Trompia where he spent time in different workshops with such masters as Ceasare Giovanelli and Gianfranco Pedersoli. During his stay in Italy he met the Master Julio Timpini, from Beretta, Giacomo Fausti and Giovanni Steduto both now of Creative Art. Geoffroy Gournet was so eager to master all the techniques of bulino that he spent 7 days a week practicing. Phil Coggan and Gary Merle were also students there at the same time as Geoffroy.

## Career

Once Geoffroy Gournet had mastered engraving he moved to Virginia to be an artist-in-residence. In 1987, Geoffroy met Tom Skeuse Sr. the father of “Parker Reproduction”. Geoffroy became the sole and full-time engraver at Parker Reproduction. He worked exclusively on the A1 Special shotguns creating one of a kind masterpieces. He embellished the A1 Special shotguns with everything from English scrolls to gold inlay to theater masks to farms scenes to wonderfully detailed hunting scenes. He worked for the New Jersey–based company from 1987 until 2002.
Since 2002, he has dedicated himself entirely to private customers; engraving shotguns, knives, jewelry, and other engravables. He lives in Easton, Pennsylvania, an hour and a half from New York City, roughly 65 miles.
# Edward C. Akin

Edward C. Akin (July 19, 1852 – June 21, 1936) was an American lawyer and politician.

## Biography

Edward C. Akin was born in Lockport Township, Will County, Illinois on July 19, 1852. He attended the Joliet, Illinois public school system and went to college at the University of Michigan. He worked as a teller at the First National Bank of Joliet.
He married Louise M. McRoberts in 1877.
In 1878, Akin was admitted to the Illinois bar. He served as Joliet City Attorney in 1887 and as State's Attorney of Will County in 1888. In 1895, Akin was elected Mayor of Joliet and was a Republican.
From 1897 to 1901, Akin served as Illinois Attorney General.
Akin died at his house in Joliet, Illinois on June 21, 1936, and was buried at Oakwood Cemetery.