OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Douai Renault Factory

The Douai Renault factory is a car plant belonging to the Renault Group, opened in 1970 at Douai in the industrial basin of the Nord department, not far from Lille (Rijsel).

## History

Construction of the plant received a go-ahead in 1968, with a formal announcement of the project coming a year later. Douai was chosen because it was well located at the heart of the industrial centre of gravity of the EEC with excellent road links to major industry and population centres. It was also in an area with a large pool of available workers, due to the running down of coal mining in the area.
The first car put into serial production at the plant was the Renault 5, initially in small batches, starting early in 1975. The principal production location for the little car was, and remained, at Flins, however. Towards the end of 1975 production started at Douai, in much larger batches, of the Renault 14, building up stock ahead of the launch of Renault's first head-on Golf competitor in 1976. Volumes in 1976 were 325 Renault 14 and 50 R5's per diem. The plant has continued to specialise in the manufacture of cars in the small family car segment.
By 1977 the plant was employing 7,000 people. This was a period of rapid automation in car production, and as a new plant Douai was more highly automated than most. It was perhaps a reflection of the fact that all the jobs at the plant were then new jobs, that the robots were viewed with some affection by some members of the workforce. At the end of the body assembly shop much of the main welding together of the pressed panels was undertaken by a team of four "Unimate" robots christened, by their human colleagues, Theophile, Arsine, Marcel and Modeste. Visitors at this time were also impressed by the ample space in the plant available for further expansion.
However, in 2008 Douai suffered a blow when production of mainstream Renault Mégane model was concentrated on the Palencia plant: hitherto the two plants had assembled the model in parallel, but sales volumes no longer justified that arrangement. Douai retained the sporty low volume Mégane CC Coupé and Cabriolet.

## Production
### Historical production

The following Renault models have been manufactured at Douai:
* Renault 5 (1972–1985)
* Renault 14 (1976–1983)
* Renault 9/Renault 11 (1981–1989)
* Renault 19 (1988–1996)
* Renault Mégane I (1996–2002)
* Renault Scénic I (4X2 and RX4) (1996–2003)
* Renault Mégane II (saloon and coupé) (2003–2009)
* Renault Scénic II (2003–2009)
* Renault Grand Scénic II (2003–2009)
* Renault Scénic III (2009–2015)
* Renault Grand Scénic III (2009–2015)
* Renault Talisman (2015–2022)
* Renault Scénic IV (2016–2022)
* Renault Espace V (2015–2023)

### Current production

* Renault Megane E-Tech Electric (2022–present)
* Renault 5 E-Tech (2024–present)
* Renault Scenic E-Tech (2024–present)
# Dan Droz

Daniel "Dan" Myron Droz (born August 27, 1950) is an American sculptor, entrepreneur, and author. His sculptures are present in the Museum of Art and History (Lancaster, California) and at the entrance to the Heritage Trail (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania).

## Early life and education

Droz was born to Minnie and Sidney Droz in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He created his first sculpture at the age of 12.
Droz is married to Cathy (Cohen) Droz, a former executive with Family Communications, producer of Mr. Rogers Neighborhood, Fred Rogers Company (FRC), Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood, and other children’s programs. They have four children, Lani (Michael) Gamliel, David (Allie) Droz, Ben Droz, and Becca Droz.
As of 2022, the Droz family is known to have taken a picture in front of a numbered highway sign for their annual holiday card for the past 42 years.
Droz attended Harvard College, graduating cum laude in 1972. The same year, Droz, served as the Guest Design Director of the Mademoiselle Magazine.

## Career

In 1973, Droz returned to Pittsburgh to start Dan Droz Designs, a product design firm. He was also a furniture designer with Amisco Industries Ltd.
In 1972, Droz was a teaching assistant to Toshiro Katayama. At Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), he served as adjunct associate professor of design, visiting professor of design management, and director of design for business program.
In the same year, Droz served as the vice president of planning and product development at Droz Corporation. In 1984, he co-founded the Interdisciplinary Product Development Program at Carnegie Mellon University, with Peter Farquar and Fritz Prinz.
In 1988, the United States Information Agency (USIA) invited Droz as a Guide Training Coordinator to lead the training of American guides which toured 9 Soviet cities. In the same year, he founded Droz Marketing.
In 1990, he founded the Design for Business Program, funded by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). During 1996-2015, Droz co-founded Emodt, a technology startup.
Droz exhibited his work in 2018. His early works were wood and moveable elements. Droz developed methods of fabricating sculptures with wire mesh and techniques for folding glass and casting sculptures directly from 3D-printed models.
Droz’s main exhibitions were at the Westmoreland Museum of American Art, The Museum of Art and History, The State Museum of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh International Airport, and the Three Rivers Heritage Trail.
In June 2022, Droz became the subject of the book Behind the Fold, a monograph on Droz’s life and work by Los Angeles publisher Griffith Moon. The book documents his recent work and fabrication methods for creating glass sculptures.

## Awards

* 7 Daphne Awards (“Oscars’ of Furniture Design), 1984 - 1986, (Unprecedented)
* Designer’s Choice Award for Outstanding Industrial Design, Industrial Design Magazine, 1984
* Best of the United States, Review of Products, Abitari Magazine, Milan, Italy, 1983
# Pasqualino Abeti

Pasqualino Abeti (2 April 1948 – 24 February 2024) was an Italian sprinter who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Italian 4 × 100 m relay team that won the gold medal at the 1971 Mediterranean Games.
Abeti died on 24 February 2024, at the age of 75.

## Biography

In the "Pietro Mennea era", Pasqualino Abeti won three national titles in the 100 and 200 m events, in 1969 and 1975.

## National titles

He won 7 national championships.
* Italian Athletics Championships
** 100 metres: 1969, 1975
** 200 metres: 1969, 1975
* Italian Athletics Indoor Championships
** 60 metres: 1970
** 200 metres: 1980
** 400 metres: 1973
# Holy Rosary parish, Billingham

Our Lady Of The Most Holy Rosary Parish, Billingham has been recently combined with two other parishes to create a new parish St. Thomas of Canterbury Billingha. so technically no longer exists. The new and old parishes are both located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle, and serve the town's Catholic community. The parish is served by the Parish Priest Rev J Butters and the Deacon Rev D McKie.

## History

Holy Rosary parish was established on 13 November 1949 and almost immediately a temporary church, known as "The Hut" was built, it was blessed in 1950. Soon funds became available to build a permanent church within the parish and Bishop James Cunningham laid the foundation stone on 16 May 1959. The church was opened on 22 September 1960. The church sanctuary was re-ordered in 1977, a permanent stone altar was brought forward, later the altar rails were removed and in 1984 a lectern and baptismal font were installed. In 1985 the parish celebrated the Silver Jubilee of the church building with week-long celebrations. The parish celebrated its Golden Jubilee in 1999. In 2009 the parish celebrated its Diamond Jubilee, with a Mass celebrated by the Bishop of Hexham & Newcastle Rt Rev. Seamus Cunningham.
Parish Clergy of Holy Rosary, Billingham :
| Name | Began Posting | Ended Posting |
| Fr. Eoghan Brady | 1949 | 1958 |
| Fr. James Marron | 1954 | 1962 |
| Fr. John Coyle | 1957 | 1958 |
| Fr. Lawrence Deegan | 1958 | 1969 |
| Fr. John Skivington | 1960 | 1968 |
| Fr. Patrick O'Connell | 1968 | 1973 |
| Fr. David Head | 1969 | 1976 |
| Fr. Seamus Doyle | 1973 | 1983 |
| Fr. Michael Keoghan | 1976 | 1994 |
| Fr. David Coxon | 1983 | 1987 |
| Fr. Michael Whalen | 1987 | 1991 |
| Fr. John Butters | 1994 | To Date |
| Rev. Dan McKie | 2009 | To Date |
| Fr. Lee Barrett | 2009 | 2011 |

## Position, Structure & Hierarchy

The parish, now known as St. Thomas of Canterbury is led by Rev J Butters. It is in the Deanery of St. Peter (the 18th Deanery ) which comprises Stockton-on-Tees & Billingham, whose Dean is Rev. P McKenna. St. Peter's Deanery lies within the Episcopal Area of Cleveland & South Durham, whose Episcopal Vicar is Rev J Butters.

## Service Times

Service Times :
| Day | Time | Type |
| Sundays | 10:00 | Holy Mass |
| Holy Days | 12:00 | Holy Mass |
| Weekdays | As Printed | Holy Mass/Service Word & Communion |
Confessions with Exposition of the Blessed of Sacrament Fridays 6-7pm.

## Statistics

Mass Attendance (as of 2008) 295, Number of Baptisms (2008) 11, Number of Marriages (2008) 1, Deaths (2008) 21.
# Gabriel Montenegro Gutiérrez

Gabriel Montenegro Gutiérrez was a chemist, entrepreneur, and politician from El Salvador. He was also Secretary of the International Society of Naturopathic Physicians under Arthur Schramm (President), During the presidency of Carlos Humberto Romero He was fourth in line for the position of President of El Salvador.

## Early life and family

Gabriel Montenegro Gutiérrez was born in Santa Ana, El Salvador to Gabriel Montenegro Soberón, a Guatemalan immigrant, and Eva Gutiérrez from Santa Ana, El Salvador.
He married Hilda Palomo Salazar, a Salvadoran socialite, daughter of Manuel Palomo Trabanino and María Elda Salazar Iraheta. The former was the eldest son of Dr. Manuel Palomo Cuellar, one of the founders of the Salvadoran Red Cruz, and Angela Trabanino González. Angela was the eldest daughter of José Antonio González Portillo, the mayor of Santa Tecla, El Salvador who served several terms. José Antonio was the right hand of his brother, Santiago González Portillo, President of El Salvador (15 April 1871 – 1 February 1876), and, the later, María Elda Salazar Iraheta, a first cousin of the famous Salvadoran artists Salarrue and Toño Salazar, since she was a daughter Estaban Salazar Angulo and Matilde Iraheta, a daughter of the Salvadoran War Hero, General Francisco Iraheta Larreta.
Gabriel and Hilda had five sons: Ricardo Francisco Javier, Gabriel Ernesto, Fernando Rafael, José Eduardo and, Raul Antonio.

## Education

After completing his formative years in El Salvador, He continued his education in Purdue University.
# 1990 Paisley North by-election

The 1990 Paisley North by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 29 November 1990 for the UK House of Commons constituency of Paisley North, in the town of Paisley, Scotland.
It was caused by the death of the sitting Member of Parliament for the constituency, Allen Adams. The Scottish National Party saw a healthy increase in their share of the vote, but not enough to win, and the Labour Party retained the seat, with Adams' widow Irene being elected.

## Result

Paisley North by-election, 1990 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Irene Adams | 11,353 | 44.0 | −11.5 |
| | SNP | Roger Mullin | 7,583 | 29.4 | +16.5 |
| | Conservative | E Marwick | 3,835 | 14.8 | −1.0 |
| | Liberal Democrats | J Bannerman | 2,139 | 8.3 | −7.5 |
| | Scottish Green | David G. Mellor | 918 | 3.6 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 3,770 | 14.6 | −24.9 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 25,828 | 53.7 | −19.8 |
| | Labour hold | Labour hold | Swing | -11.8 | |
# Viacheslav Tsugba

Viacheslav Mikhail-ipa Tsugba (Abkhaz: Виачеслав Михаил-иҧа Цыгәба, Georgian: ვიაჩესლავ ცუგბა; born 1 January 1944) was the third Prime Minister of the Republic of Abkhazia (a de facto independent republic of Georgia) from December 1999 to May 2001. Before his appointment as prime minister, Tsugba had headed the Central Election Committee, which had overseen the internationally unrecognised simultaneously held October 1999 presidential election and constitutional referendum.

## Early life and career

Viacheslav Tsugba was born on 1 January 1944 in the village of Aatsy in the Gudauta District of what was then the Abkhazian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1970, Tsugba graduated from the Sukhumi Pedagological Institute. In 1978, he became aspirant member of the Academy of Social Sciences of the CPSU Central Committee. From 1973 until 1975, Tsugba was 1st secretary of the Abkhazian regional committee of the Komsomol, from 1975 until 1978 he was 1st secretary of the Ochamchira raikom of the CPSU, and from 1978 to 1989 Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers and a deputy of the Supreme Council of the Abkhazian ASSR.
On 20 July 1991, Tsugba was appointed Chairman of the Central Election Commission of Abkhazia.

## Prime minister

After Vladislav Ardzinba's re-election as president, Viacheslav Tsugba was appointed prime minister on 20 December 1999.
Tsugba's time as prime minister was marked by a relative thawing of tensions between Abkhazia and Georgia. While Tsugba, like all the other prime ministers, strongly opposed any idea of reunification with Georgia, and highly criticised cross-border raids by Georgian paramilitaries, he managed to demilitarise the conflict to a degree. This was highlighted by an agreement signed in July 2000, where both sides agreed not to settle the conflict by force. He tended to negotiate alongside foreign minister Sergei Shamba, rather than handling negotiations himself.
In the first months of 2001, Tsugba was increasingly criticised by the opposition, led by the Amtsakhara movement. On 15 May 2001 Tsugba handed in his resignation. This remained secret for two weeks, and rumours that Tsugba had handed in his resignation which surfaced towards the end of May were denied by the President's press spokesman Raul Agrba. But on 30 May, President Ardzinba accepted Tsugba's resignation.
In his resignation request, Tsugba's explanation was that "serious problems have arisen in connection with lawmaking, the professional qualifications of personnel at all levels of administration, from the highest to the lowest, with their accountability and the need to improve management and increase strict control and institute an uncompromising fight against crime."

## Vice Speaker of Parliament

Tsugba has been a member of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia since 2002 and is one of its current Vice Speakers.
# Promethium compounds

Promethium compounds are compounds containing the element promethium, which normally take the +3 oxidation state. Promethium belongs to the cerium group of lanthanides and is chemically very similar to the neighboring elements. Because of its instability, chemical studies of promethium are incomplete. Even though a few compounds have been synthesized, they are not fully studied; in general, they tend to be pink or red in color. Treatment of acidic solutions containing Pm$^{3+}$ ions with ammonia results in a gelatinous light-brown sediment of hydroxide, Pm(OH)$_3$, which is insoluble in water. When dissolved in hydrochloric acid, a water-soluble yellow salt, PmCl$_3$, is produced; similarly, when dissolved in nitric acid, a nitrate results, Pm(NO$_3$)$_3$. The latter is also well-soluble; when dried, it forms pink crystals, similar to Nd(NO$_3$)$_3$. The electron configuration for Pm$^{3+}$ is [Xe] 4f$^4$, and the color of the ion is pink. The ground state term symbol is $^5$I$_4$. The sulfate is slightly soluble, like the other cerium group sulfates. Cell parameters have been calculated for its octahydrate; they lead to conclusion that the density of Pm$_2$(SO$_4$)$_3$·8 H$_2$O is 2.86 g/cm$^3$. The oxalate, Pm$_2$(C$_2$O$_4$)$_3$·10 H$_2$O, has the lowest solubility of all lanthanide oxalates.
Unlike the nitrate, the oxide is similar to the corresponding samarium salt and not the neodymium salt. As-synthesized, e.g. by heating the oxalate, it is a white or lavender-colored powder with disordered structure. This powder crystallizes in a cubic lattice upon heating to 600 °C. Further annealing at 800 °C and then at 1750 °C irreversibly transforms it to monoclinic and hexagonal phases, respectively, and the last two phases can be interconverted by adjusting the annealing time and temperature.
| Formula | symmetry | space group | No | Pearson symbol | a (pm) | b (pm) | c (pm) | Z | density, g/cm$^3$ |
| α-Pm | dhcp | P6$_3$/mmc | 194 | hP4 | 365 | 365 | 1165 | 4 | 7.26 |
| β-Pm | bcc | Fm3m | 225 | cF4 | 410 | 410 | 410 | 4 | 6.99 |
| Pm$_2$O$_3$ | cubic | Ia3 | 206 | cI80 | 1099 | 1099 | 1099 | 16 | 6.77 |
| Pm$_2$O$_3$ | monoclinic | C2/m | 12 | mS30 | 1422 | 365 | 891 | 6 | 7.40 |
| Pm$_2$O$_3$ | hexagonal | P3m1 | 164 | hP5 | 380.2 | 380.2 | 595.4 | 1 | 7.53 |
Promethium forms only one stable oxidation state, +3, in the form of ions; this is in line with other lanthanides. According to its position in the periodic table, the element cannot be expected to form stable +4 or +2 oxidation states; treating chemical compounds containing Pm$^{3+}$ ions with strong oxidizing or reducing agents showed that the ion is not easily oxidized or reduced.
Promethium halides :
| Formula | color | coordination number | symmetry | space group | No | Pearson symbol | m.p. (°C) |
| PmF$_3$ | Purple-pink | 11 | hexagonal | P3c1 | 165 | hP24 | 1338 |
| PmCl$_3$ | Lavender | 9 | hexagonal | P6$_3$/mc | 176 | hP8 | 655 |
| PmBr$_3$ | Red | 8 | orthorhombic | Cmcm | 63 | oS16 | 624 |
| α-PmI$_3$ | Red | 8 | orthorhombic | Cmcm | 63 | oS16 | α→β |
| β-PmI$_3$ | Red | 6 | rhombohedral | R3 | 148 | hR24 | 695 |
# Serixia dapitana

Serixia dapitana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1960.
# SM UB-130

SM UB-130 was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 28 June 1918 as SM UB-130.
UB-130 was surrendered to the Allies at Harwich on 26 November 1918 in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany. Early in 1919 she sank in tow to a French port off Hastings. In 2001 her deck gun was raised and restored for preservation in Newhaven.

## Construction

She was built by AG Weser of Bremen and following just under a year of construction, launched at Bremen on 27 May 1918. UB-130 was commissioned later the same year under the command of Kptlt. Heinrich XXXVII Prinz Reuß zu Köstritz. Like all Type UB III submarines, UB-130 carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a 10.5 cm (4.13 in) deck gun. UB-130 would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of 7,280 nautical miles (13,480 km; 8,380 mi). UB-130 had a displacement of 512 t (504 long tons) while surfaced and 643 t (633 long tons) when submerged. Her engines enabled her to travel at 13.9 knots (25.7 km/h; 16.0 mph) when surfaced and 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) when submerged.
# Noah Jaffe

Noah Jaffe (born July 18, 2003) is an American Paralympic swimmer who specializes in freestyle and butterfly events.

## Career

Jaffe made his international debut for the United States at the 2022 Duel in the Pool in Sydney, Australia where he participated in para swimming events, along with Jamal Hill, McKenzie Coan, and Elizabeth Smith.
On April 29, 2023, Jaffe was named to the roster to represent the United States at the 2023 World Para Swimming Championships in Manchester, England. On the first day of competition he won a bronze medal in the 400 m freestyle S8 event. On the third day he won a bronze medal in the 100 m butterfly S8 event. On the fourth day he won a gold medal in the 100 m freestyle S8 event and set an Americas record. On the fifth day he won a silver medal in the 50 m freestyle S8 event.
On June 30, 2024, Jaffe was named to Team USA's roster to compete at the 2024 Summer Paralympics.
# Inger-Anne Ravlum

Inger-Anne Ravlum (born 22 February 1962) is a Norwegian civil servant, research director and politician for the Labour Party.
She started her career as a journalist in Arbeiderungdommen in 1984, going on to the Labour Party paper Aktuelt Perspektiv in 1985. After working briefly as secretary for the Labour Party caucus in Oslo city council in 1987, she went on to work two years as a secretary in the party. In 1990 she was appointed to Brundtland's Third Cabinet as a political adviser to the Minister of Development Cooperation. From 1992 to 1994 she was a journalist in A-pressens Osloredaksjon and held a small research fellowship at the Fridtjof Nansen Institute. From 1994 to 1996, she was back in Brundtland's Third Cabinet as a political adviser to Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland herself.
When Brundtland retired in 1996, Ravlum finally graduated with the cand.polit. degree and became a researcher at the Institute of Transport Economics. She advanced through the hierarchy, becoming research director in 2005. One year later she became a head of department in the Ministry of Government Administration and Reform.
In 2009 she was appointed to Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet as a State Secretary in the Ministry of Government Administration and Reform. In 2011 she changed job, to State Secretary in the Office of the Prime Minister. She remained such until Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet fell in October 2013. She was promptly hired as the new managing director of the Norwegian Agricultural Economics Research Institute.
# Steve Haguy

Steve Haguy (born 24 April 1981) is a Guadeloupean professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. He has played for Ligue 2 clubs Laval and Nîmes.

## Club career

Born in Paris, Haguy was noticed by the staff of Ligue 2 side Lorient whilst playing for Championnat de France Amateur side Levallois. He subsequently signed an amateur contract with the club in the summer of 2002, hoping to make a breakthrough into the professional ranks. He made his Ligue 2 debut as a substitute in the 1–1 draw at AS Saint-Étienne on 4 September 2002. During his time at the club he also made a substitute appearance in the 2002–03 UEFA Cup, against Denizlispor in the first round, second leg.
After leaving Lorient at the end of the 2002–03 season, Haguy played the next five seasons for Championnat National clubs Romorantin, Cherbourg and Vannes. With Vannes he won the league and promotion to Ligue 2, but he was unexpectedly released by the club in the summer of 2008. He subsequently signed for Laval on a one-year deal, with the option of a professional deal if the club won promotion back to Ligue 2. Laval won promotion at the end of the 2008–09 season, and Haguy made his professional debut in the first game of the 2009–10 Ligue 2 season on 7 August 2009, against Brest. He scored his first professional goal in the 1–0 away win at SC Bastia on 28 August 2009.
Released at the end of his Laval contract, Haguy signed for Nîmes Olympique, after a trial, on 9 July 2010. He stayed two-and-a-half seasons with the club, suffering relegation from Ligue 2 and then winning the Championnat National the following season.
In January 2013 he signed for Le Poiré-sur-Vie in the Championnat National. At the end of the season, after a trial at Auxerre, he signed for a second time for Cherbourg, this time in Championnat de France Amateur. A season there was followed by a season with Jura Sud in 2014–15 at the same level, before Haguy returned the Championnat National with Belfort.
After a season-and-a-half with Belfort, Haguy left for CS Sedan Ardennes, who offered him a six month contract with an option for a further year if the team remained in the Championnat National. Sedan were relegated and Haguy was released. In August 2017 he signed for Épinal in Championnat National 2.

## International career

Haguy made his international debut for Guadeloupe on 1 June 2016, in a qualifying game for the 2017 Caribbean Cup against Martinique.

## Honours

Nimes
* Championnat National: 2007–08 (Vannes), 2011–12