# Pension regulation in Canada

Within Canadian law, Pension regulation in Canada falls mostly within provincial jurisdiction by virtue of the property and civil rights power under the Constitution Act, 1867. For workers whose employers are subject to federal jurisdiction, such jurisdiction extends to regulating pension plans available to them.

## Pension Benefits Act (Ontario)

The Pension Benefits Act is administered by the Superintendent of Financial Services appointed by the Financial Services Commission of Ontario. Ontario regulates approximately 8,350 employment pension plans, which comprise more than 40 per cent of all registered pension plans in Canada
It was originally enacted as the Pension Benefits Act, 1965 (S.O. 1965, c. 96), and it was the first statute in any Canadian jurisdiction to regulate pension plans.

### Overview

* all pension plans in the province must be registered with the Superintendent
* a plan must have an administrator
* the administrator has a statutory duty to exercise care, diligence and skill
* the plan may be either defined benefit or defined contribution, and appropriate rules are in place to protect the benefits that have accordingly accrued to each member
* rules are in effect to determine the value of benefits that may be transferred or divided for family law purposes
* the plan must have sufficient funding to provide the benefits that have been committed under it
* protections are in place in the event of the winding up of a plan, or the underfunding of a plan in the event of the employer's insolvency
* transfers between plans cannot take place without the Superintendent's authorization
* a guarantee fund is in place for guaranteeing certain benefits provided by plans, and it is funded by all employers providing such plans

### Content

Structure of the Act by section :
| Sections | Description |
| (1-1.1) | Interpretation |
| (2-5.1) | Application |
| (6-24) | Registration and administration |
| (24.1-30.1) | Record keeping and disclosure |
| (31-34) | Membership |
| (35-38) | Retirement |
| (39-54) | Benefits |
| (55-62.1) | Contributions |
| (63-67) | Locking in |
| (67.1-67.6) | Family law matters |
| (68-77) | Winding up |
| (77.1-77.10) | Transition - partial wind up |
| (77.11-79.0.1) | Surplus |
| (79.1-81) | Asset transfers between pension plans |
| (81.1) | Insolvency and bankruptcy |
| (82-86) | Pension Benefits Guarantee Fund |
| (87-88) | Superintendent's orders |
| (89-91) | Notices of, and appeals from, intended decisions and orders |
| (95-99) | Financial Services Commission of Ontario |
| (100-101) | Agreements with designated jurisdictions |
| (102) | Exemptions and special arrangements |
| (103-116) | General |

## Manner of regulation by jurisdiction

In addition to registration requirements under the Income Tax Act relating to eligibility of expenses and deductions that are administered by the Canada Revenue Agency, plans are registered in the host jurisdiction as follows:
| Jurisdiction | Act | Supervisory authority |
| Canada (Federal) | Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985 (R.S.C., 1985, c. 32 (2nd Supp.)) | Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions |
| British Columbia | Pension Benefits Standards Act, RSBC 1996 C. 352 | British Columbia Financial Institutions Commission |
| Alberta | Employment Pension Plans Act RSA 2000, C. E‑8 | Office of the Alberta Superintendent of Pensions |
| Saskatchewan | The Pension Benefits Act, 1992 SS 1992, C. P-6.001 | Financial and Consumer Affairs Authority of Saskatchewan |
| Manitoba | The Pension Benefits Act C.C.S.M. c. P32 | Office of the Superintendent - Pension Commission |
| Ontario | Pension Benefits Act R.S.O. 1990, C. P.8 | Financial Services Commission of Ontario |
| Quebec | Supplemental Pension Plans Act R.S.Q., c. R-15.1 | Régie des rentes du Québec |
| New Brunswick | Pension Benefits Act C. P-5.1 | Office of the Superintendent of Pensions |
| Nova Scotia | Pension Benefits Act RSNS 1989 C. 340 | Office of the Superintendent of Pensions |
| Prince Edward Island | No legislation in force. A bill is currently being considered by the Legislative Assembly | |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | Pension Benefits Act, 1997 SNL1996 C. P-4.01 | Superintendent of Pensions |
| Yukon | As for Federal | |
| Northwest Territories | As for Federal | |
| Nunavut | As for Federal | |