OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tumbang preso

Tumbang preso ("knock down the prisoner"), also known as tumbang lata ("knock down the can") or bato lata ("hit the can [with a stone]"), is a Filipino traditional children's game. The game involves throwing a slipper at a can or bottle, which one player - the tayà - attempts to guard. The game is usually played in backyards, parks, or streets when there is little traffic in an area.

## Description

The equipment needs an empty soda can or any kind of can or bottle, and a slipper for each player. To make the game enjoyable and exciting, there should be no more than nine players. One player or the tayà (the "It") guards the can. The objective is for the players to hit and knock down the can with the slipper, and for the tayà to put back the can inside a small circle a few meters away from the toe-line. When a player is tagged while recovering their slippers, they become the tayà.

## Variation

This variation is played on narrow streets or sidewalks. The same rules apply except for some changes:
* Two toe-lines are drawn, on opposite sides, and are closer to the circle.
* The number of hitters will be divided on opposite sides.
* The can may also be flattened a little to make it harder to topple. This can be done by slightly hitting the sides of the can with a blunt object until it folds, then stepping on the can carefully.
* When the hitters run out of slippers, the game turns into a chase. Players on one side will act as bait while those on the other side will try to kick the can, all while trying to avoid being tagged.
* After the can falls, the game is paused and all slippers are retrieved.
# Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1973

Germany was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1973 with the song "Junger Tag", composed by Günther-Eric Thöner, with lyrics by Stephan Lego, and performed by Danish singer Gitte Hænning. The German participating broadcaster on behalf of ARD, Hessischer Rundfunk (HR), selected its entry through a national final.

## Before Eurovision
### Ein Lied für Luxemburg

The final was held at the television studios in Frankfurt, hosted by Edith Grobleben. Six acts took part, each performing two songs. Songs were voted on by a 10-member jury who each awarded between 1 and 5 points per song. Unlike in the previous year's final, the result of which had caused a degree of controversy, there was no elimination and revote on the top songs. "Junger Tag" emerged the winner by just 1 point over "Sebastian" performed by Tonia, who had represented Belgium in 1966.
| Draw | Artist | Song | Songwriters | Points | Place |
| 1 | Michael Holm | "Das Beste an Dir" | Michael Holm | 25 | 9= |
| 2 | Tonia | "Mir gefällt diese Welt" | Ralf Arnie, Fred Weyrich | 30 | 7 |
| 3 | Inga & Wolf | "Manchmal" | Wolfgang Preuß | 32 | 6 |
| 4 | Roberto Blanco | "Ich bin ein glücklicher Mann" | Christian Bruhn, Günter Loose | 34 | 4 |
| 5 | Gitte Hænning | "Junger Tag" | Günther-Eric Thöner, Stephan Lego | 40 | 1 |
| 6 | Cindy & Bert | "Wohin soll ich geh'n" | Klaus Munro | 26 | 8 |
| 7 | Michael Holm | "Glaub daran" | Wolfgang Rödelberger, Walter Buscher | 19 | 12 |
| 8 | Tonia | "Sebastian" | Heinz Kiessling, Carl J. Schäuble | 39 | 2 |
| 9 | Inga & Wolf | "Schreib ein Lied" | Wolfgang Scholz | 36 | 3 |
| 10 | Roberto Blanco | "Au revoir, auf wiedersehen" | Karl Götz, Kurt Hertha | 24 | 11 |
| 11 | Gitte | "Hallo! Wie geht es Robert?" | Georg Moslener, Walter Maidorn | 33 | 5 |
| 12 | Cindy & Bert | "Zwei Menschen und ein Weg" | Werner Scharfenberger, Kurt Feltz | 25 | 9= |

## At Eurovision

On the night of the final Gitte performed 4th in the running order, following Portugal and preceding Norway. At the close of voting "Junger Tag" had received 85 points, placing Germany joint 8th (with Monaco) of the 17 entries.
# Tjerkwerd

Tjerkwerd (West Frisian: Tsjerkwert) is a village in Súdwest-Fryslân municipality in the province Friesland of the Netherlands. It had a population of 455 in January 2017.
There is a windmill in the village, De Babuurstermolen.

## History

The village was first mentioned in the 13th century as Kercwere, and means "terp with church". Tjerkwerd is a terp (artificial living hill) village with a radial structure.
The Dutch Reformed church was probably built in the 14th century. In 1888, it was extended and a new tower was constructed. The Walta State was a stins built at the end of the 15th century, and used to be owned by the Cammingha family. The estate was demolished around 1800. Watse van Cammingha died in 1688. Rixt van Donia, his widow, became the richest woman in Friesland at the time, and is buried in a large marble monument.
The polder mill De Babuurstermolen was built in 1882. It was in active service draining the excess water from the polder until 1990 when it was replaced by a pumping station. In 2006, it was re-designated as backup.
Tjerkwerd was home to 249 people in 1840. From 1850 onwards, a linear settlement developed along the Workumer Trekvaart. Before 2011, the village was part of the Wûnseradiel municipality. In 2015, the road to Tjerkwerd received an award for worst road of Friesland. The road was fixed by the municipality between 2016 and 2017.

## Gallery

* The bridge in Tjerkwerd
* Canal view
* Babuurstermolen
* Church of Tjerkwerd
# Alkalibacterium subtropicum

Alkalibacterium subtropicum is a slightly halophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium from the genus Alkalibacterium.
# 2nd Army (German Empire)

The 2nd Army (German: 2. Armee / Armeeoberkommando 2 / A.O.K. 2) was an army level command of the German Army in World War I. It was formed on mobilization in August 1914 from the III Army Inspection. The army was disbanded in 1919 during demobilization after the war.

## History

The 2nd Army during World War I, fought on the Western Front and took part in the Schlieffen Plan offensive against France and Belgium in August 1914. Commanded by General Karl von Bülow, the 2nd Army's mission was to support the 1st Army's sweep around the left flank of the French Army and encircle Paris, bringing a rapid conclusion to the war. The 2nd Army laid siege to, and took the Belgian fortresses around Namur, and fought General Charles Lanrezac's French 5th Army at the Battle of Charleroi on 23–24 August 1914 and again at St. Quentin on 29–30 August 1914.
2nd Army bore the brunt of the Allied attack in the Battle of the Somme. It had grown to such an extent that a decision was made to split it into two still-powerful armies. Therefore, 1st Army was reformed on 19 July 1916 from the right (northern) wing of the 2nd Army. The former commander of 2nd Army, General der Infanterie Fritz von Below, took command of 1st Army and 2nd Army got a new commander General der Artillerie Max von Gallwitz. Von Gallwitz was also installed as commander of Heeresgruppe Gallwitz – Somme to co-ordinate the actions of both armies on the Somme.
A large proportion of the Army would be wiped out during the joint Anglo-French offensive on the Somme.
At the end of the war it was serving as part of Heeresgruppe Kronprinz Rupprecht.

### Order of Battle, 30 October 1918

By the end of the war, the 2nd Army was organised as:

## Commanders

The 2nd Army had the following commanders during its existence.
2nd Army :
| From | Commander | Previously | Subsequently, |
| 2 August 1914 | Generaloberst Karl von Bülow | III Army Inspectorate (III. Armee-Inspektion) | Heart attack, retired |
| 27 January 1915 | Generalfeldmarschall Karl von Bülow | III Army Inspectorate (III. Armee-Inspektion) | Heart attack, retired |
| 4 April 1915 | General der Infanterie Fritz von Below | XXI Corps | 1st Army |
| 19 July 1916 | General der Artillerie Max von Gallwitz | Attack Group West | 5th Army |
| 17 December 1916 | General der Kavallerie Georg von der Marwitz | VI Corps | 5th Army |
| 22 September 1918 | General der Infanterie Adolph von Carlowitz | 9th Army | |

## Glossary

* Armee-Abteilung or Army Detachment in the sense of "something detached from an Army". It is not under the command of an Army so is in itself a small Army.
* Armee-Gruppe or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.
* Heeresgruppe or Army Group in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.
# Igor Tkachenko (footballer)

Igor Tkachenko (Russian: Игорь Ткаченко; born 14 January 1964 in Frunze) is a former Kyrgyzstani football player.
# Stephen Rendell

Stephen Rendell (May 24, 1819 – April 4, 1893) was an English-born merchant and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Trinity Bay in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1859 to 1873.
He was born in Coffinswell, Devon, the son of John Rendell. In 1834, he was apprenticed to the merchants Bulley, Job and Company operating in St. John's. In 1859, he became a partner. Rendell, a supporter of union with Canada, was named to the colony's Legislative Council in 1874. He served as a founding member and president of the St. John's Agricultural Society. As a hunter, Rendell helped implement the introduction of snowshoe hares, now an important small game animal and food source on the island, from Nova Scotia. He resigned from business and returned to England in 1881 because of ill health due to asthma, later dying in Coffinswell at the age of 73.

## Personal life

Rendell married Catharine Norris in 1852. He had at least three children, including sons R.G. Rendell, A.S. Rendell and Doctor Rendell.
# Rhino Camp Extension Refugee settlement

Rhino Camp Extension Refugee settlement is a refugee camp located in Omugo Zone in Arua District in Uganda. It is also known as Rhino Refugee camp - Omugo zone Extension. It hosts over 43,000 refugees. It is located next to the Imvepi Refugee Settlement .

## Background and geography

Rhino Refugee camp - Omugo zone Extension was created in August 2017 to accommodate the increasing numbers of the South Sudanese asylum seekers. When refugees arrive in the camp, they are given plots of 50 x 50 metres.
Omugo zone extension is divided into six villages which are; Omugo one, Omugo two, Omugo three, Omugo four, Omugo five, Omugo six, Omugo 2 extension.

## Organisations operating in the camp

* United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
* Humanity and Inclusion: It supports vulnerable and disabled South Sudanese refugees in Uganda.
* PALM Corps: Helps to improve agricultural production practices, marketing of the agricultural produce, increase income through selling collectively and also civic participation.
* World Food Programme

## Accessibility to services by the refugees
### Education

The camp has overcrowded classrooms, fewer teachers, there is an increased number of school drop outs for the girls, some refugees do not understanding the local languages such as Lugbara that other students are usually taught in since they come from neighbouring countries.

### Health

There are few medical personnel to attend to patients, health centres are located in distant places, medicines are not enough and also there is no emergency medical support.

### Shelter

Some of the refugees are given tarpaulins upon arrival at the camp but those trapaulins later tear and start to leak hence the need to replace them.

### Water and sanitation

The camp has fewer water sources such as bore holes, water tanks. There are often long queues at the water access points.

### Farming and agriculture

Some of the land in the camp is infertile soils to support agriculture which leads to refugees begging for food to add to the monthly food distributed to them.

## Read also

* Rhino Camp Refugee Settlement
* List of Refugee settlements in Uganda
# Chalti Rahe Zindagi

Chalti Rahe Zindagi is a Hindi film starring Seema Biswas, Barkha Sengupta, Rohit Khandelwal, Indraneil Sengupta, Manjari Fadnis, Siddhanth Kapoor. The film is directed by Aarti S Bagdi and produced by Ajay Kumar Singh Shakir Khan and Rohandeep Singh.

## Synopsis

"Chalti Rahe Zindagi" is set in suburban Mumbai during the early days of the COVID19 pandemic. The story revolves around Krishna Bhagat, a local bread supplier to three families in a housing complex. The announcement of a lockdown triggers significant changes in the lives of these families. Arjun returns home to find his wife having an affair with their neighbor's husband. Forced to quarantine together, Arjun and the neighbor's wife, Aru, develop a unique companionship despite the awkward situation. Pressured by her son Akash, a TV journalist, Sushma demands Krishna return the money she had loaned him. This situation becomes a turning point for Akash, leading him to a personal revelation. Leela, an elderly woman with OCD, creates tension in her household. Her daughter-in-law, Naina, and granddaughter, Siya, struggle to cope with Leela's behaviour. In the end, Leela provides unexpected comfort to her family, helping them bond.

## Production

Produced under the banner of Lovely World Entertainment, the film is produced by Ajay Kumar Singh, Shakir Khan and Rohandeep Singh and directed by Aarti S Bagdi. The story is penned by Varsha Kharidaha, Aarti S Bagdi, Shakir Khan and Arun Bhutra. Lyrics by Shakir Khan, Sarthak Karkare, Mayur Puri. Hariharan, Orunima Bhattacharya, Sarthak Karkare, Nutana Mohan have sung the songs, Music by Sajjad Ali Chandwani, Amit N Dasani, Sarthak Karkare and Background Score by Amit N Dasani, Sajjad Ali – Shafaat Ali. Editing by Sanjay Shri Ingle and Director of Photography by Dharmendra Singh Bhurji.

## Cast

* Seema Biswas
* Barkha Sengupta
* Indraneil Sengupta
* Rohit Khandelwal
* Manjari Fadnis
* Siddhanth Kapoor
* Trimala Adhikari
* Smita Bharti
* Vaibhav Anand
* Flora Jacob
* Priyal Pandorwala
* Anaya Sivan
* Meira Sengupta
* Harsh Ghoghalia

## Reception

The film, shot during peak lockdown, was made with a desire to be authentic. It celebrates the human spirit to defy the odds with hope and courage. It was the Closing Film title at Diorama International Film Festival in New Delhi, won a Jury Special Mention Award in Washington DC for the 12th DCSAFF in December. International Premiere at 25th UK Asian Film Festival, London in May 2023. It did an American Premiere at the 14th Chicago South Asian Film Festival (CSAFF) in September 2023.
Archika Khurana, of The Times of India, fount the film was "a poignant reminder of the pandemic's challenges". In a review for DNA, Riya Sharma, however, found the film was "boring". A review in Times Now praised the acting and plot but criticised the dialogues.
# Clive White (bowls)

Clive White (born 1928) is a former Australian international lawn bowler.
He won a silver medal in the singles at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games in Christchurch.
He was the 1972 Australian champion winning the singles at the Australian National Bowls Championships.
# Holy See–Russia relations

Holy See–Russia relations (Russian: Российско-Ватиканские отношения) are the bilateral relations between the Holy See and Russia. The Holy See has an Apostolic Nunciature in Moscow. Russia has a permanent representative to the Holy See based in Rome.
As the Russian Orthodox Church is the largest organization of Eastern Orthodoxy, Holy See–Russia relations partly reflect Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church relations.

## Ecumenical relations

Holy See–Russia relations are largely linked to ecumenical relations with the Russian Orthodox Church.

## Relationship before the 1917 revolution

Pope Pius IX, who faced his own problems with revolutionary movements in his Church State, first tried to position himself in the middle, strongly opposing revolutionary and violent opposition against the Russian authorities and appealing to them for more Church freedom.

## Era of the Soviet Union
### John Paul II

There were mixed reactions in Russia on the papacy of Pope John Paul II. Many Russians were happy that John Paul had reduced the influence of atheistic Communism in Eastern Europe and contributed to a rebirth of Christianity in the country. However, many others did not like the fact that the fall of the Soviet Union had also provoked a loss of Russian influence in Eastern Europe. The fact that John Paul was Polish also caused tensions, since there is a historic ethno-religious rivalry between Poland and Russia.

## After 1991

After 1991, the Russian government started a dialogue with the Vatican.
The Holy See and the Russian Federation established full diplomatic relations in December 2009 following the meeting between Pope Benedict XVI and Russian President Dimitry Medvedev. President Vladimir Putin helped to arrange a meeting between the Pope and Patriarch Kirill at Havana, Cuba in 2016. The meeting also resulted in the two promulgating a joint declaration.
On 4 July 2019, however, it was revealed that tensions still remained between the Vatican and Russia, with the Russian Orthodox Church and Ukrainian conflict serving as the major causes of these tensions. Despite holding a "cordial" meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in the Vatican, Pope Francis stated it is unlikely that he will visit Russia unless Putin agrees to not include the Russian Orthodox Church in the invitation, which Putin stated would be unlikely as well. Pope Francis has also declared support for the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, which has expressed opposition to Putin and the Russian Orthodox Church and also the 2016 joint declaration.
# Shahabad, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency

Shahabad was a Lok Sabha constituency in Uttar Pradesh, India.

## Members of Parliament

| Year | Winner | Party |
| 1962 | Yuvraj Dutta Singh | Bharatiya Jana Sangh |
| 1971 | Dharam Gaj Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Ganga Bhakt Singh | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Dharam Gaj Singh | Indian National Congress (I) |
| 1984 | Dharam Gaj Singh | Indian National Congress (I) |
| 1989 | Dharam Gaj Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1991 | Surendra Pal Pathak | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1996 | Iliyas Azmi | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 1998 | Raghvendra Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1999 | Daud Ahmad | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2004 | Iliyas Azmi | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| Constituency Demolished in 2008. |||
# Lejos de Frin

Lejos de Frin is a novel by Argentine author Luis Pescetti. It was first published in 2005.
* This article about a 2000s novel is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.See guidelines for writing about novels. Further suggestions might be found on the article's talk page.
* v
* t
* e
* This Argentina-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Feliniopsis opposita

Feliniopsis opposita is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Francis Walker in 1865. It is found in Kenya, Somalia, Sri Lanka and India.
# Hervé de Luze

Hervé de Luze (born 1949) is a French film editor with about fifty feature film credits.
de Luze had a long collaboration with the director Claude Berri, for whom he edited eight films between 1981 and 1999. de Luze has been director Roman Polanski's principal editor since Pirates (1986), including the much honored 2002 film The Pianist. de Luze has also edited several films with Alain Resnais, including On connaît la chanson, for which he won a César Award.
de Luze was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for The Pianist. de Luze has also won three César Awards (the "French Academy Award") for On connaît la chanson (1997), for Ne le dis à personne (2006), and for The Ghost Writer (2010); he has been nominated for the César for five other films as well.

## Filmography

The listing is based on the Internet Movie Database; the directors for several films are given in parentheses.
| 1973 : La Décharge 1977 : Pourquoi? [fr] 1981 : La Forêt désenchantée [fr] 1981 : Le Maître d'école (Claude Berri) 1982 : Deux heures moins le quart avant Jésus-Christ 1983 : Tchao Pantin (Claude Berri) 1986 : Pirates (Roman Polanski) 1986 : Jean de Florette (Claude Berri) 1986 : Manon des sources (Claude Berri) 1987 : Jeux d'artifices [fr] 1988 : To Kill a Priest (Agnieszka Holland) 1990 : Uranus (Claude Berri) 1991 : Langlois monumental (TV) 1992 : City of Joy (Roland Joffé) 1992 : Bitter Moon (Roman Polanski) 1993 : Germinal (Claude Berri) 1994 : Death and the Maiden (Roman Polanski) | 1995 : Le Garçu (Maurice Pialat) 1997 : Lucie Aubrac (Claude Berri) 1997 : Autre chose à foutre qu'aimer 1997 : On connaît la chanson (Alain Resnais) 1998 : Zonzon [fr] 1998 : Baby Blues (short -Stéphane Lévy) 1999 : Astérix et Obélix contre César (Claude Zidi) 1999 : The Ninth Gate (Roman Polanski) 1999 : La Débandade [fr] (Claude Berri) 2000 : The Taste of Others (Agnès Jaoui) 2000 : Esther Kahn (Arnaud Desplechin) 2001 : Liberté-Oléron [fr] 2002 : The Pianist (Roman Polanski) 2002 : 24 Hours in the Life of a Woman 2003 : Corps à corps (François Hanss [fr]) 2003 : The Mystery of the Yellow Room (Bruno Podalydès) 2003 : Pas sur la bouche (Alain Resnais) | 2004 : Bienvenue en Suisse (Léa Fazer) 2004 : Les Sœurs fâchées (Alexandra Leclère) 2005 : Oliver Twist (Roman Polanski) 2006 : Private Fears in Public Places (Alain Resnais) 2007 : Tell No One (Guillaume Canet) 2007 : L'invité [fr] (Laurent Bouhnik) 2007 : Whatever Lola Wants (Nabil Ayouch) 2008 : Staten Island (James DeMonaco) 2009 : Les Herbes folles (Alain Resnais) 2010 : The Ghost Writer (Roman Polanski) 2011 : Carnage (Roman Polanski) 2012 : You Haven't Seen Anything Yet (Alain Resnais) 2013 : Venus in Fur (Roman Polanski) 2014 : Le Père Noël (Alexandre Coffre [fr]) 2015 : Le tout nouveau Testament (Jaco Van Dormael) 2016 : Down by Love (Pierre Godeau) 2016 : Open at Night (Édouard Baer) 2017 : Rock'n Roll (Guillaume Canet) 2023 : The Palace (Roman Polanski) |
# David Giles (sailor)

David Giles (born 27 November 1964) was an Australian competitive sailor and Olympic medalist. He won a bronze medal in the Star class at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, together with Colin Beashel. He competed with Colin Beashel in the Star class sailing at every Olympic regatta from Barcelona 1992 through to Athens 2004. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.
# Darkness, Tell Us

Darkness, Tell Us is a 1991 horror novel by American writer Richard Laymon. Originally published by Headline Features, it is currently available in a paperback edition from Leisure Fiction.

## Plot summary

While attending a party thrown by one of their English professors, six college students use a Ouija board to contact a spirit that identifies itself only as 'Butler'. Butler promises the six a treasure if they will go to a remote mountain location called Calamity Peak. The professor, who knows from experience that messing around with the supernatural can be dangerous, attempts to dissuade them, but the kids steal the board and set off for the mountain anyway. Once they arrive they are menaced by a machete-wielding killer, and soon begin to wonder if Butler might be trying to harm them.

## Content

The book contains supernatural elements alongside the more realistic horrors common to Laymon's work (including homicidal maniacs, rape, and childhood sexual abuse).
* This article about a horror novel of the 1990s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.See guidelines for writing about novels. Further suggestions might be found on the article's talk page.
* v
* t
* e