OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ross Gray (politician)

Ross Wilfred Gray (5 January 1897 – 11 December 1968) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Moore Township in Lambton County, Ontario and became a barrister by career.
Gray attended Sarnia Collegiate then Osgoode Hall Law School then attended Harvard University for post-graduate studies. He served with the Canadian Field Artillery from 1916 to 1919. From 1924 to 1927, he was a member of the Sarnia Board of Education.
He was first elected to Parliament at the Lambton West riding in a by-election on 14 January 1929 then re-elected there in 1930, 1935 and 1940. Gray was defeated by Joseph Warner Murphy of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1945 election.
By-election on 14 January 1929 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Ross Gray | acclaimed |
1930 Canadian federal election: Lambton :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Ross Gray | 7,868 |
| | Conservative | Wilfred Smith Haney | 7,314 |
1935 Canadian federal election: Lambton :
| Candidate | Votes |
| Liberal | Ross Gray | 8,335 |
| Conservative | Russell Gilbert Woods | 4,636 |
| Reconstruction | Frank James Miller | 2,094 |
1940 Canadian federal election: Lambton :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | Ross Gray | 8,671 |
| | National Government | William Howard Kenny | 7,864 |
1945 Canadian federal election: Lambton :
| Candidate | Votes |
| Progressive Conservative | Joseph Warner Murphy | 8,450 |
| Liberal | Ross Gray | 7,831 |
| Co-operative Commonwealth | George H. Stirrett | 2,560 |
# Sidney Fraleigh

Sidney Arthur Fraleigh (5 February 1931 – 8 May 2023) was a Canadian politician who was a Progressive Conservative member of the House of Commons.
Born in Forest, Ontario, Fraleigh was a farmer by career. He was the son of Sidney Anderson Fraleigh and was educated at the University of Guelph. In 1953, Fraleigh married Velma Eloise Minielly. He served as a member of the council for Bosanquet Township and was also chairman of the board for the Ontario Pork Producers Marketing Board.
Fraleigh won the seat for the Lambton—Middlesex electoral district in the 1979 federal election but lost there in the 1980 federal election to Ralph Ferguson of the Liberal Party. He regained the seat in 1984, but lost again to Ferguson in the 1988 federal election. Fraleigh thus served in the 31st and 33rd Canadian Parliaments.
Fraleigh died on 8 May 2023, at the age of 92.
# Sidney LeRoi Clunis

Sidney LeRoi Clunis (22 April 1911 – 7 November 1975) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. Born in Blenheim, Ontario, he was a lawyer by career.
He attended public and secondary schools in Blenheim, then Ontario Agricultural College and the University of Western Ontario and Osgoode Hall Law School. He attained a Bachelor of Arts degree.
He was first elected at the Kent riding in the 1962 general election, defeating incumbent Harold Danforth of the Progressive Conservative party. After serving one term, the 25th Parliament, he was defeated by Danforth in the 1963 election.
# Theobald Butler Barrett

Theobald Butler Barrett (July 24, 1894 – March 26, 1969) was a Canadian politician. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1945 as a Member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada to represent the riding of Norfolk. He was defeated in the 1949 election. Prior to his federal political experience, he was a Lieutenant in the Royal Canadian Artillery between 1942 and 1943.
Barrett was the grandfather of Toby Barrett, Member of the Ontario Provincial Parliament for Haldimand—Norfolk from 1995 to 2022.
# Thomas Kidd (Ontario politician)

Thomas Ashmore Kidd (May 1, 1889 – December 19, 1973) was speaker of the Legislature of Ontario in 1930–34 and served as Conservative MLA for Kingston from 1926 to 1940 and Progressive Conservative MP for Kingston City from 1945 to 1949.
He was born in Burritt's Rapids, Ontario, the nephew of Edward Kidd, and was educated there and in Kemptville. Kidd was a manufacturer and wholesale merchant. He served in France with the Royal Regiment of Canada in 1915 and was wounded at Ypres. In 1920, he married Eva Richardson, the daughter of senator Henry Westman Richardson. Kidd was a member of Kingston city council from 1922 to 1926 and also served on the Kingston Board of Works. He won the Conservative nomination in Kingston after the incumbent Conservative, William Folger Nickle, resigned from the cabinet of Howard Ferguson in order to protest the government's decision to run for re-election on the platform of repealing the Ontario Temperance Act and allowing government controlled liquor sales. Kidd defeated Nickle who ran as a Prohibitionist candidate in the 1926 provincial election.
Kidd was re-elected in the 1929 provincial election and served as Speaker of the Ontario Legislative Assembly from 1930 until 1934.
He resigned from the provincial legislature to run unsuccessfully for the House of Commons of Canada in the 1940 federal election but won on his second attempt in 1945. Kidd was defeated in bid for re-election in 1949 and again when he tried to return to politics in 1957. Kidd was also a Grand Master in the Orange Lodge.
# Lesser Asiatic yellow bat

The lesser Asiatic yellow bat (Scotophilus kuhlii) is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Taiwan.
# Alfred Zeller

Alfred Zeller (June 14, 1909 – June 4, 1988) was an American illustrator and painter born in New Orleans, Louisiana.

## Biography

Zeller was the son of Henry John Zeller and Theresa Krewet. Alfred Zeller married Evelyn Josephine Monford of Galveston, Texas. In September 1944, they had a son, Gary Allen Zeller, in Houston, Texas.
Alfred Zeller's first accepted drawing was a caricature for The Times-Picayune, a New Orleans newspaper. He then drew a series of cartoon postal cards for a novelty store. When possible, Zeller spent his evenings illustrating ideas.
Zeller was the illustrator for publications by Royal Dixon, the naturalist author. Later, Zeller began painting more seriously with oils. Zeller's themes included China, the Middle East, winter scenes, still life, country scenes, portraits and abstract works including Cubism. His work was exhibited at the Lantern Lane Gallery and in numerous juried shows in the Houston area. Zeller was awarded the Purchase Prize at Weimar, Texas in 1968 and juried Houston area art shows.
Since 1964, Alfred Zeller and Chester Snowden worked together in their Thirteen Ten Art Studio and Galleries, located at 1310 Truxillo Street in Houston, Texas. They offered classes in oil painting and claimed to be the "originators of the Shiva painting technique". Alfred Zeller died in Houston, Texas at the age of 79.
# Lesser musky fruit bat

The lesser musky fruit bat (Ptenochirus minor) is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.
# Pelagia of Tinos

Pelagia, distinguished as Pelagia of Tinos, is a Christian saint credited with receiving visions of the Virgin Mary which directed her to the lost icon Our Lady of Tinos in 1822, shortly after the establishment of modern Greece. Supposed to be the work of Luke the Apostle, the icon has become the major site for Christian pilgrimage in Greece.
# Revolutionary Communist Workers Movement of Turkey

Revolutionary Communist Workers Movement of Turkey (in Turkish: Türkiye Devrimci Komünist İşçi Hareketi) was a clandestine Marxist-Leninist group in Turkey. TDKİH was founded in August 1989, following a split in the Revolutionary Communist Party of Turkey (TDKP). TDKİH accused the TDKP leadership of reformism.
TDKİH published Devrimci Komünist İşçi.
In March 1990 a Co-ordination Committee was established by the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi (TKP/ML-Hareketi), Communist Workers Movement of Turkey (TKİH) and TDKİH to merge into a single party. In 1991 TDKİH merged into TKİH.
# Nicholas Tchkotoua

His Serene Highness Prince Nicholas Tchkotoua (1909-1984) was a Georgian writer and a prominent member of the Order of Malta. He fled his homeland after the takeover by the Bolsheviks in 1921.

## Early life and ancestry

Born into the House of Tchkhotua, an old Georgian noble family, which later became also part of the Russian nobility, as the son of Prince Chalva Charles Tchkhotua (1873-1931) and his wife and cousin, Princess Pelagia Platonovna Tchkhotua (1883-1943). He had one brother, Prince Zourab.

## United States

Tchkotoua was educated in France and Switzerland and settled in the US in 1933, where he met and married Carol Marmon, only daughter of Howard Carpenter Marmon (creator of the Marmon Wasp) whilst at the Marmon Motor Car Company). One of his children was Zourab Tchkotoua (1937-2019), a close friend and confidant of Gunter Sachs for many decades.
In 1949, Tchkotoua published a novel he wrote in English, claimed as the first-ever internationally published novel written by a Georgian. In the novel, set in Tbilisi, Lausanne and Paris before the First World War, Georgian Prince Shota's love for his Taya, a Russian princess, remains faithful even when outside forces manipulate their emotions, prise them apart and Shota ends up betrothed to an American. But it is the emotion, rather than the betrothal, that concerns the author. A new, re-edited version of the novel was published in 2008 to some acclaim.

## Death-wish

Tchkotoua and his family later moved to Lausanne, Switzerland, where he died in 1984. He found his final resting place next to his wife, who had already died in 1966, at the cemetery of Compesières in Bardonnex, a municipality in the Swiss canton of Geneva, where the Compesières Commandry of the Order of Malta is located. One of their sons - the car racing driver Zourab (1937-2019) - was buried in the family grave as well.
Tchkotoua had asked that after his death his heart be buried in Georgia. In 1988 his family smuggled it back to the cemetery in Vera, Tbilisi, where it lies to this day.
# October 2024 Israeli retaliation against Iran

Israel is expected to retaliate against Iran following the country's airstrikes against Israeli targets. The counterstrike is limited to military sites, according to several Israeli officials.
# Birkhill railway station

Birkhill railway station is a railway station on the Bo'ness and Kinneil Railway in Scotland, equidistant from Grangemouth, Bo'ness, Linlithgow and Polmont. The station was opened on 6 October 1838.
There was no station here until the Scottish Railway Preservation Society took over the branch line. The parts of the building were recovered from Monifieth railway station and were originally rebuilt in 1988 by Central Regional Council as their display at the Glasgow Garden Festival. When this closed the building was relocated to Birkhill. The summit of the line, located to the south of the station, was regraded and lowered to avoid the new platform being on an excessive gradient, and the station was opened to passengers in 1989. The station was the limit of regular train operations from Bo'ness until 2010 when the services were extended to Manuel. The adjacent Birkhill Fireclay Mine is in the Bo'ness area and an integral part of the town's history but the Fireclay mine closed in 2013. There is a station building. which houses a shop, a cafe, and the former access the Birkhill Fireclay Mine.

## History

There was no station at Birkhill in its working days but there was a loop, just north of the present station, a water column and a short siding off to the clay mine.

## Track layout

The track layout at Birkhill features a simple passing loop with two-lever ground frames at either end to control the points. The single platform was recently extended along with track realignment to accommodate 7-coach trains. The construction of a Caledonian Railway style signal box with as many as 20 levers, a water column for steam locomotives and a second platform has been proposed, however no date has been set for completion.
# Raymond Louviot

Raymond Louviot (17 December 1908 – 14 May 1969) was a French professional road bicycle racer. He was the grandfather of cyclist Philippe Louviot.
He became a team manager after retirement. The British cyclist, Brian Robinson, accuses a commercial tie-up between Louviot and Miguel Poblet a rival in another team, for denying him first place in the 1957 Milan–San Remo. Robinson said:
    My manager, Raymond Louviot, had a tie-up in the cycle trade with Poblet. He told me that if Poblet was anywhere near me it was my job to get him over the line first. I buggered off up a hill, then my manager came up and told me 'Remember what I told you.' Poblet won, I was third, that is my biggest regret. If I had won I would have been made for life.

## Major results
### 1933

    Tour du Midi
    Grand Prix des Nations

### 1934

    France national road race championship
    Tour de France:
       Winner stage 22

### 1936

    Paris - Sedan

### 1937

    Circuit des Deux-Sèvres
    Paris - Soissons
    Tour du Sud-Ouest

### 1938

    Paris - Rennes

### 1939

    Tour de France:
       Winner stage 4

### 1940

    Critérium de France

### 1941

    GP de l'Auto
    Paris - Nantes

### 1947

    GP Ouest-France
# Abd ar-Rashid Khan II

Abd ar-Rashid Khan II (Chagatai and Persian: عبد الرشید خان ثانی) was Khan of Yarkand and Turpan from 1680 to 1682. He was son of Baba Khan or Babak Khan. Baba Khan was son of Ismail Khan (Moghul khan).

## Dzungar's appointment of the khan

After Galdan Boshugtu Khan occupied Yarkand, he did not hand over power to Afaq Khoja, who had rendered outstanding service to him but appointed one of the members of the old chaghatai family, Abdul ar-Rashid Khan II, son of Baba Khan of Turpan, as Khan and made him his vassal.

## Conflict between Khan and Afaq Khoja

Discord soon arose between Khan and Afaq Khoja, however, with the latter fleeing the region once again. In 1682 riots erupted in Yarkand and the khan fled to Ili, his younger brother Muhammad Amin Khan thereafter became khan.
# IrcII

ircII (pronounced i-r-c-two or irk-two, and sometimes referred to as IRC client, second edition) is a free, open-source Unix IRC and ICB client written in C. Initially released in the late 1980s, it is the oldest IRC client still maintained.

## History

Several other UNIX IRC clients, including BitchX, EPIC, and ScrollZ, were originally forks of ircII. It was the first client to implement file transfer capabilities over IRC. The CTCP protocol was implemented by Michael Sandrof in 1990 for version 2.1. The DCC protocol was implemented by Troy Rollo in 1991 for version 2.1.2, and was never intended to be portable to other IRC clients.

## Features

ircII is written in the C programming language and implements a termcap, text-mode, user interface. Encrypted Transport Layer Security connections to IRC servers are established with the OpenSSL library. The concept of file transfers over IRC networks was first implemented by the authors of ircII. The client was the first to implement both the Client-to-client protocol (CTCP) and the Direct Client-to-Client (DCC) protocol. The application has been promoted as being "fast, stable, lightweight, portable, and easily backgrounded."
# Maxwell Township, Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota

Maxwell Township is a township in Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 206 at the 2000 census.
Maxwell Township was organized in 1878, and named for Joseph Henry Maxwell, an early settler.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.3 square miles (94.0 km$^2$), of which 36.2 square miles (93.8 km$^2$) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km$^2$) (0.19%) is water. The Lac qui Parle River runs through the township. Tenmile Creek, a drainage ditch, runs throughout the township. Many ponds and other bodies of water are scattered throughout the township.

## Locations
### State Wildlife Management Areas
#### Ten-Well State Wildlife Management Area

Ten-Well Wildlife Management Area is 175.13 acres large. Its perimeter is 3.64 miles. The area contains deer, small game, pheasants, and waterfowl. Swanson Lake is contained within the wildlife management area.

#### Wild Wings State Wildlife Management Area

Wild Wings State Wildlife Management Area is 166.13 acres large. Its perimeter is 2.53 miles. The area contains deer, small game, pheasants, and waterfowl. A slough is located inside of the wildlife management area.

#### Medicine Pipe State Wildlife Management Area

Medicine Pipe State Wildlife Management Area is 36.39 acres large. Its perimeter is 1.63 miles. The area contains deer, small game, and pheasants.

### Other Locations

* Maxwell Town Hall is located on 130th Street, near Wild Wings State Wildlife Management Area.
* Dawson Covenant Church is located near the western border of Maxwell township.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 206 people, 76 households, and 56 families residing in the township. The population density was 5.7 inhabitants per square mile (2.2/km$^2$). There were 84 housing units at an average density of 2.3 per square mile (0.89/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 100.00% White.
There were 76 households, out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.7% were married couples living together, 2.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.32.
In the township the population was spread out, with 32.5% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 23.3% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.4 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $23,750 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,161. About 5.2% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.0% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
# Muhammad Amin Khan

Muhammad Amin Khan (Chagatai and Persian: محمد امین خان) was Khan of Turpan from 1682 to 1694. He was the younger brother of Abd ar-Rashid Khan II and the grandson of Ismail Khan (Moghul khan).

## Revival of the Khanship

Muhammad Amin Khan tried to re-established his authority as khan and sought external support. He twice sent tribute to the Qing government in the name of khan of Turpan, and sent an embassy to the Mughal Court in India in 1690. The next year he dispatched an embassy to Subhan Quli, the Uzbek Khan of Bukhara (1680–1720), seeking help against "Qirkhiz infidels" (meaning the Dzungars), who "had acquired dominance over the country".

## War against the Dzungars

In 1693-94 Muhammad Amin Khan led an expedition against Yining, the Dzungar capital, capturing over 30,000 Kalmyks and Oirats.

## Death

The Khan was overthrown and killed during a revolt by Afaq Khoja's followers in 1694. Afaq khoja's son Yahya Khoja took the throne but the rule of the White Mountain Khoja [zh] lasted for only two years. Afaq Khoja and his son were both killed in succession during local rebellions.
# Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PS128

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PS128 is a specific strain of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus .
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a diverse species of lactic bacterium found in a wide range of ecological niches including plant substrates, meat, milk, as well as in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Lactic bacteria are gram-positive, oxygen-tolerant anaerobes that have been used in food fermentation for hundreds of years.

## Safety

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is "generally recognized as safe". and included in the "qualified presumption of safety" list of the European Food Safety Authority.
A study on Rett syndrome patients found that probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PS128 supplementation was safe, well-tolerated, and showed promising improvements in cognitive development and dystonia, suggesting potential as a complementary therapy for Rett syndrome.
# James Lornie

James Lornie CMG (1876 – 30 March 1959) was a Scottish colonial administrator who became the 14th British Resident of Selangor, Federated Malay States, serving from 1927 to 1931.

## Early life

James Lornie was born in 1876 and educated at Edinburgh University where he received a BSc and MA.

## Career

In 1899, Lornie joined the civil service of the Straits Settlements as a cadet and was sent to Malacca. After being appointed as acting head of Malay College in the town he occupied various administrative posts in government including Acting Assistant Registrar of the Supreme Court, magistrate and sheriff in Malacca, Acting District Officer Penang (1904–05) and Sitiawan, Perak (1908 –1910).
In 1911, Lornie went to Singapore to join the Land Office as Collector of Land Revenue and remained there for the next 11 years eventually becoming its head. During his tenure he became the leading authority on land values in Singapore stating in a case before the Supreme Court, as proof of his experience, that he had valued many millions of property for the Municipality and the Commissioner of Stamps. His largest undertakings included purchasing the land for the new Singapore naval base for $1.1 million for the government, and the acquisition of the land for Singapore municipality's new power station for $900,000. In 1925, he was appointed Deputy President of the Singapore Municipal Commissioners.
In 1926, Lornie left Singapore and went to Selangor to become the state's British Resident. This surprised many as he had spent very little time during his career in the Federated Malay States. One of the measures which he introduced was the Alien Ordinance which banned male migrants from mainland China from coming to the state of Selangor. After spending four years in the position he retired in 1931 to Buckinghamshire, and died on 30 March 1959.

## Writings

Lornie wrote a paper on Land Tenure which appeared as a chapter in the book One Hundred Years of Singapore (1921).

## Honours and legacy

In 1931, he was awarded the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG). The road Lornie Drive (now Jalan Syed Putra) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia was named after him.