OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1964 WANFL season

The 1964 WANFL season was the 80th season of the various incarnations of the Western Australian National Football League.

## Ladder

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | D | PF | PA | PP | Pts |
| 1 | East Fremantle | 21 | 14 | 6 | 1 | 1704 | 1476 | 115.4 | 58 |
| 2 | Perth | 21 | 14 | 7 | 0 | 1824 | 1680 | 108.6 | 56 |
| 3 | Subiaco | 21 | 13 | 7 | 1 | 2031 | 1852 | 109.7 | 54 |
| 4 | Claremont (P) | 21 | 12 | 9 | 0 | 1920 | 1780 | 107.9 | 48 |
| 5 | West Perth | 21 | 11 | 10 | 0 | 1762 | 1631 | 108.0 | 44 |
| 6 | Swan Districts | 21 | 9 | 12 | 0 | 1792 | 1762 | 101.7 | 36 |
| 7 | South Fremantle | 21 | 7 | 14 | 0 | 1812 | 2075 | 87.3 | 28 |
| 8 | East Perth | 21 | 3 | 18 | 0 | 1434 | 2023 | 70.9 | 12 |

## Finals
### Grand Final

| | 1964 WANFL Grand Final | 1964 WANFL Grand Final | 1964 WANFL Grand Final | | |
| Saturday, 10 October | East Fremantle | def. by | Claremont | Subiaco Oval (crowd: 45,102) | |
| | 1.2 7.5 10.6 15.8 (98) | Q1 Q2 Q3 Final | 4.9 6.9 10.13 14.18 (102) | Umpires: Ray Montgomery Simpson Medal: Norm Rogers (East Fremantle) | Umpires: Ray Montgomery Simpson Medal: Norm Rogers (East Fremantle) |
# Oeum (Locris)

Oeum or Oion (Ancient Greek: Οἶον) was a mountain fortress and town situated in eastern Locris, above Opus, and destroyed by an earthquake.
Oeum has tentatively been located south of the modern Kastri Atalantis.
# Gabriel Mena

Gabriel Mena (1470-1528) was a Spanish poet, composer, musician and singer. He was cantor of the chapel of Fernando el Católico until the king's death in 1516.
# 5th Army (Wehrmacht)

The 5th Army (German: 5. Armee) was a field army of the Wehrmacht during World War II.

## History

The 5th Army was established on 25 August 1939 in Wehrkreis VI with General Curt Liebmann in command. Responsible for the defense of the Siegfried Line in the vicinity of Trier as part of Army Group C from 3 September, the army was assigned the Eifel Border Troops (86th, Trier Border, 26th, and 227th Divisions) and the VI Army Corps (16th, 69th, 211th, and 216th Infantry Divisions). It also included the 58th, 87th, 78th, and 268th Infantry Divisions in army reserve. During this period, known as the Phoney War, no action took place on its sector of the Siegfried Line. On 13 October it was transferred to the east as Border Section Centre High Command (Oberkommando Grenzabschnitt Mitte). The latter served as a security force in occupied Poland. On 4 November 1939 it was renamed the 18th Army.

## Commanders

| No. | Portrait | Commander | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
| 1 | | Liebmann, CurtGeneral der Infanterie Curt Liebmann [de] (1881–1960) | 25 August 1939 | 4 November 1939 | 71 days |
# Trioza centranthi

Trioza centranthi is a sap-sucking hemipteran bug in the family Triozidae which creates galls on the leaves and flowers of Centranthus and Valerianella species. It was first described by Jean Nicolas Vallot, a French entomologist in 1829 and is found in Europe.

## Description of the gall

The leaf at the tip of the shoot is broader than normal and the edges of the leaf are swollen and turned upwards. The flowers can also be affected and are a tangled leafy mass (phyllanthy). Plants galled include Centranthus angustifolius, C. calcitrapa, red valerian (C. ruber), Fedia cornucopiae, Valerianella carinata, V. coronata, V. dentata, common cornsalad (V. locusta) and V. rimosa.

## Distribution

Trioza centranthi is found in Europe from Great Britain and France in the west to Ukraine in the east.
# Narcissus bulbocodium

Narcissus bulbocodium, the petticoat daffodil or hoop-petticoat daffodil, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to southern and western France, Portugal, and Spain. Some sources say that the species is also native to Morocco, but this is based on populations formerly thought to be varieties of N. bulbocodium but now regarded as separate species.

## Description

Narcissus bulbocodium is a variable, small, hardy bulbous perennial, growing to 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tall, with grass-like leaves, and deep yellow trumpet-shaped flowers in mid-Spring. The flower is unusual in that the central trumpet (corona) is exceptionally large in relation to the outer section (perianth) consisting of tiny pointed segments. The specific epithet bulbocodium means "woolly bulb". At 12 mm it has the smallest floral diameter amongst Narcissus.

## Hybrids

Narcissus bulbocodium is a parent of several hybrids, including:-
* N. × abilioi Fern.Casas (N. bulbocodium × N. jonquilla)
* N. × brevitubulosus A.Fern. (N. bulbocodium × N. asturiensis)
* N. × montcaunicus Fern.Casas (N. bulbocodium × N. eugeniae)
* N. × lopezii Fern.Casas (N. obvallaris × N. bulbocodium)
* N. × rozeirae Fern.Casas & Pérez-Chisc. (N. bulbocodium × N. pallidulus)
* N. × barrae Fern.Casas (N. cantabricus 'Redouté' × N. bulbocodium)

## Cultivation

Narcissus bulbocodium is widely planted in gardens, and can be naturalised in grass. It requires relatively dry conditions during the summer dormant period, so is suitable for planting beneath deciduous trees. Numerous varieties and cultivars exist, including N. bulbocodium subsp. bulbocodium var. conspicuus (pale yellow flowers) and 'Golden Bells', a vigorous cultivar with long-lasting deep yellow flowers.
Narcissus bulbocodium has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## Gallery

* Lemon yellow cv.
* Lemon yellow cv.
* White cv.
* White cv.
# Lucien Henri Gendron

Lucien Henri Gendron, PC (August 28, 1890 – April 5, 1959) was a Canadian politician.

## Bio

In August 1935, he was appointed Minister of Marine in the Conservative cabinet of Richard Bedford Bennett. He was defeated in the 1935 federal election in the Quebec riding of Laval—Two Mountains.
# Port Gawler Conservation Park

Port Gawler Conservation Park (formerly Port Gawler National Park) was a protected area in the Australian state of South Australian located at the east side of Gulf St Vincent on the west side of the locality of Port Gawler. The conservation park covered an area of intertidal mangroves immediately south of Port Gawler beach.
The conservation park consists of land in Section 483 in the Hundred of Port Adelaide and Section 616 of the Hundred of Port Gawler. The land first received protected area status as the Port Gawler National Park proclaimed on 11 February 1971 under the National Parks Act 1966. On 27 April 1972, the national park was reconstituted as the Port Gawler Conservation Park under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. Section 181 in the Hundred of Port Gawler was added to the conservation park prior to October 1980. It was abolished on 8 August 2017 and its land holding was transferred to the Adelaide International Bird Sanctuary National Park—Winaityinaityi Pangkara.
In 1980, the conservation park was described as follows:
   A tidal flat featuring a mangrove (Avicennia marina) low woodland and small areas of samphire (Tecticornia spp.) shrubland at the mouth of the Gawler River. The park also includes a low shell-grit dune surrounded by mangroves but exhibiting a flora which includes dry-land elements such as Callitris preissii and Myoporum insulare... One of the larger areas of the Mangrove and Samphire association conserved in the state, an association that has been markedly depleted in South Australia. Port Gawler Conservation Park, in conjunction with other mangrove areas, is an important breeding and feeding ground for commercially important marine fauna, including sea garfish, silver whiting, blue swimmer crabs and western King prawns.
The conservation park was classified as an IUCN Category III protected area. In 1980, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate.
# Robat, Torbat-e Jam

Robat (Persian: رباط, also Romanized as Robāţ; also known as Aḩmadābād) is a village in Harirud Rural District, Bujgan District, Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 585, in 124 families.
# Theo Thijssen-prijs

The Theo Thijssen-prijs (Dutch for Theo Thijssen Prize) is a Dutch literary award awarded once every three years to a Dutch author of children's literature or young adult fiction. The award is not given for a particular work, but for the entire oeuvre. The award is named after Dutch writer, teacher and socialist politician Theo Thijssen. The winner of the prize receives €60,000 and a small replica of a statue of Theo Thijssen by Hans Bayens.
The Theo Thijssen-prijs is a continuation of the literary award Staatsprijs voor kinder-en jeugdliteratuur (Dutch for State prize for children's and youth literature) which was first awarded in 1964. The award ceremony is held in the Dutch Museum of Literature in The Hague. The award is awarded by the Stichting P.C. Hooft-prijs voor Letterkunde.

## Winners
### Staatsprijs voor kinder- en jeugdliteratuur

* 1964: Annie M. G. Schmidt
* 1967: An Rutgers van der Loeff-Basenau
* 1970: Miep Diekmann
* 1973: Paul Biegel
* 1976: Tonke Dragt
* 1979: Guus Kuijer
* 1982: Henk Barnard
* 1985: Not awarded

### Theo Thijssen-prijs

* 1988: Willem Wilmink
* 1991: Wim Hofman
* 1994: Els Pelgrom
* 1997: Toon Tellegen
* 2000: Joke van Leeuwen
* 2003: Imme Dros
* 2006: Peter van Gestel
* 2009: Ted van Lieshout
* 2012: Sjoerd Kuyper
* 2015: Martha Heesen
* 2018: Bibi Dumon Tak
* 2021: Daan Remmerts de Vries
* 2024: Edward van de Vendel
# North Thompson River Provincial Park

North Thompson River Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.
# Julian Goodare

Julian Goodare is a professor of history at University of Edinburgh.

## Academic career

Goodare studied at the University of Edinburgh in the 1980s, afterwards engaged as a postdoctoral fellow. He lectured at the University of Wales, and at the University of Sheffield. He returned to work at Edinburgh in 1998. He was the co-director of the Survey of Scottish Witchcraft alongside Louise Yeoman. In 2019, he called for a memorial to Scotland's tortured and executed witches.
Goodare has published articles and book chapters on crown finance in the early modern period. Subjects include the administration known as the Octavians, and the annual sums of money which Elizabeth I gave James VI of Scotland, which he argues ought to be known as the English subsidy. He explored the significance of the "Ainslie Bond", made in support of the Earl of Bothwell, in the light of Jenny Wormald's work on comparable bonds.

## Publications

* Adams, S. and Goodare, J. (eds.) (2014) Scotland in the Age of Two Revolutions. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer
* Boardman, S. and Goodare, J. (eds.) (2014) Kings, Lords and Men in Scotland and Britain, 1300-1625: Essays in Honour of Jenny Wormald. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
* Goodare, J. (ed.) (2013) Scottish Witches and Witch-Hunters. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
* Goodare, J. 'The Debts of James VI of Scotland', Economic History Review, 62:4 (November 2009), pp. 926–952
* Goodare, J. and MacDonald, A. (eds.) (2008) Sixteenth-Century Scotland: Essays in honour of Michael Lynch. Leiden: Brill DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004168251.i-476
* Goodare, J., Martin, L. and Miller, J. (eds.) (2008) Witchcraft and Belief in Early Modern Scotland. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
* Goodare, J. (ed.) (2002) The Scottish Witch-Hunt in Context. Manchester: Manchester Univ. Press
* Goodare, J. and Lynch, M. (eds.) (2000) The Reign of James VI. East Linton: Tuckwell Press
* Goodare, J. (1999) State and Society in Early Modern Scotland. Oxford: Oxford University Press
# Inaya Jaber

Inaya Jaber (Arabic: عناية جابر; 1958 – 10 May 2021) was a Lebanese writer, journalist, artist and singer. She has published nine collections of poetry and one collection of short stories. She lived in Beirut.

## Biography

Jaber was born in 1958 in Bint Jbeil in southern Lebanon. She studied at the Lebanese University and at the Lebanese National Conservatory of Music. She wrote a weekly column in al-Quds al-Arabi (London) for over twenty years and was also a contributor to the Lebanese newspaper al-Safir, writing on arts and culture.
In addition to writing, she was a visual artist and singer and has performed concerts internationally including in Egypt and Italy.
Jaber has three adult children, all of whom live in the United States. She lived in Beirut.

## Selected works
### Short story collection

* Lā ʼaḥad yuḍīʻu fī bayrūt (No one gets lost in Beirut), 2016

### Poetry collections

* ʻArūḍ al-ḥadīqa (The garden's prosody), 2011
* Lā ʼaḵwāt lī (I have no sisters), 2009
* Jamīʻ ʻasbābinā (All of our reasons), 2006
* Sātān ʼabyaḍ (White satin), 2002
* Ṯumma ʼinnanī mašḡūla (Also, I'm busy), 2000
* ʻAstaʻaddu lil-ʻašāʼ (I'm getting ready for dinner), 1999
* ʼUmūr basīṭa (Simple matters), 1997
* Mizāj ḵāsir (A losing mood), 1995
* Ṭaqs al-ẓullām (Ritual of darkness), 1994
# Teresa Graves (cricketer)

Teresa Monika Graves (born 10 October 1998) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Nottinghamshire. An all-rounder, she is a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. She previously played for Yorkshire, Yorkshire Diamonds, The Blaze and Trent Rockets.

## Early life

Graves was born on 10 October 1998 in Halifax, West Yorkshire. Her twin sister, Yvonne, also plays for Nottinghamshire.

## Domestic career

Graves made her county debut in 2014, for Yorkshire against Berkshire. Graves became more of a regular for the side from 2016, and in 2017 she took 7 wickets in the County Championship, including her List A best bowling of 3/25 against Sussex.
In 2018, Graves moved to Nottinghamshire. She hit 116 runs for them that season in the Twenty20 Cup, including her Twenty20 high score of 45, as well as taking 4 wickets. In 2021, she scored 88 runs for the side as they won the East Midlands Group of the Twenty20 Cup. She was Nottinghamshire's second-highest run-scorer and joint-leading wicket-taker in the 2022 Women's Twenty20 Cup, with 114 runs and six wickets.
Graves was in the Yorkshire Diamonds squad in the Women's Cricket Super League in 2016 and 2017, but did not play a match for the side.
In 2020, Graves played for Lightning in the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy. She appeared in all six matches, scoring 114 runs at an average of 19.00 and taking 3 wickets at an average of 25.00. She hit her List A high score of 65 in Lightning's final match of the tournament, a victory over Central Sparks. In 2021, Graves scored 103 runs and took 9 wickets for the side in the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy, including her List A best bowling figures of 4/39, taken against Sunrisers. She was also ever-present for the side throughout the Charlotte Edwards Cup, and played two matches for the Trent Rockets in The Hundred. She played nine matches for Lightning in 2022, across the Charlotte Edwards Cup and the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy, scoring 51 runs and taking three wickets. In February 2023, it was announced that Graves had signed her first professional contract with Lightning, now known as The Blaze. She played seven matches for the side in 2023, all in the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy, scoring 118 runs including one half-century.
In 2024, she played 17 matches for The Blaze, across the Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy and the Charlotte Edwards Cup, taking two wickets with a high score of 33. Graves left The Blaze when her contract expired in October 2024.
# Romain Heinrich

Romain Heinrich (born 30 January 1990 in Colmar) is a French bobsledder.
Heinrich competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for France. He teamed with driver Loic Costerg in the two-man event, finishing 20th, and in the France-1 sled with Costerg, Florent Ribet and Elly Lefort in the four-man event, finishing 17th.
As of April 2014, his best showing at the World Championships is 17th, in the 2013 two-man event.
Heinrich made his World Cup debut in December 2011. As of April 2014, his best finish is 14th, in two events in 2013-14.
# Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982

Finland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 with the song "Nuku pommiin", composed by Juice Leskinen, with lyrics by Jim Pembroke, and performed by Kojo. The Finnish participating broadcaster, Yleisradio (Yle), selected its entry through a national final.

## Before Eurovision
### Euroviisukarsinta 1982

Yleisradio (Yle) held the national final at the Kulttuuritalo in Helsinki, hosted by Heikki Kahila. The winner was chosen by an "expert" jury.
Final – 19 February 1982 :
| Draw | Artist | Song | Songwriter(s) | Points | Place |
| 1 | Opus 5 | "Omenakuu" | Upi Sorvali [fi], Jukka Virtanen | 63 | 4 |
| 2 | Tapani Kansa | "Palaan..." | Toni Edelmann [fi], Jussi Parviainen [fi] | 52 | 8 |
| 3 | Kojo | "Videovenus" | Jukka Siikavire [fi], Jussi Tuominen [fi] | 64 | 3 |
| 4 | Ami Aspelund | "Mitt äppelträd" | Veikko Samuli [fi], Marita Lindquist | 82 | 2 |
| 5 | Tapani Kansa | "Paista päivä" | Toivo Kärki, Vexi Salmi | 30 | 10 |
| 6 | Ami Aspelund | "Isä" | Kari Kuusamo [fi], Monica Aspelund | 60 | 6 |
| 7 | Tapani Kansa | "Laulujen maa" | Olli Ahvenlahti, Esko Salervo [fi] | 54 | 7 |
| 8 | Kojo | "Nuku pommiin" | Jim Pembroke, Juice Leskinen | 95 | 1 |
| 9 | Ami Aspelund | "Sambanja" | Nono Söderberg [fi], Impi Riimi | 61 | 5 |
| 10 | Tapani Kansa | "Angela" | Kassu Halonen [fi], Pauli Puomi | 44 | 9 |

## At Eurovision

On the night of the final Kojo performed 6th in the running order, following Turkey and preceding Switzerland. At the close of voting "Nuku pommiin" received nul points, placing Finland 18th (last) of the 18 entries. The Finnish jury awarded its 12 points to the runner up song from Israel.

### Voting

Finland did not receive any points at the Eurovision Song Contest 1982.
# Poljšica pri Podnartu

Poljšica pri Podnartu (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Radovljica in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

## Geography

Poljšica pri Podnartu stands on a plateau above a wooded slope descending to Plaznica Creek to the south and the Sava River to the east. It consists of two hamlets: Naj Kajžah to the west and Na Kmetih to the east. Šum Falls on Nemiljščica Creek is located in the extreme southwest of the village's territory, near its border with Zgornja Besnica, where there is a trail to the falls. The falls have a height of 25 meters (82 ft).

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Poljšica to Poljšica pri Podnartu in 1953.
# Ullya

Ullya (Tatar: Өлә, romanized: Ölä; Russian: Улля) is a rural locality (a selo) in Vysokogorsky District, Tatarstan, Russia. The population was 218 as of 2010.

## Geography

Ullya is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Vysokaya Gora, the district's administrative centre, and 68 kilometres (42 mi) north of Kazan, the republic's capital, by road.

## History

The earliest known record of the settlement dates from the 17th century.
From the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century, the village's residents belonged to the social estate of state peasants.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the village had a mosque, a blacksmith shop, a windmill, a manufactory shop and 3 small shops.
Before the creation of the Tatar ASSR in 1920, it was part of Tsaryovokokshaysky Uyezd of Kazan Governorate. From 1920, it was part of Arsk Canton; after the creation of districts in the Tatar ASSR (Tatarstan), it was located in Dubyazsky (1930–1963), Zelenodolsky (1963–1965) and Vysokogorsky districts.
# Erich Schellow

Erich Schellow (1915–1995) was a German stage, film and television actor. In the late 1960s he portrayed Sherlock Holmes in a series of adaptations of Arthur Conan Doyle's stories for German television, alongside Paul Edwin Roth as Dr. Watson.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1947 | In Those Days | Karl / Rahmenhandlung |
| 1954 | Portrait of an Unknown Woman | Walter |
| 1954 | A Girl from Paris | |
| 1954 | Three from Variety | Alexis |
| 1955 | Secrets of the City | Rudolf Thomas, Engineer |
| 1955 | The Plot to Assassinate Hitler | Evangelischer Pfarrer / Narrator |
| 1955 | Hotel Adlon | Louis Adlon |
| 1956 | Before Sundown | Wolfgang Clausen |
| 1956 | The Captain from Köpenick | Capt. von Schlettow |
| 1967 | Sherlock Holmes | Sherlock Holmes |
# Konstantin Schmidt von Knobelsdorf

Konstantin Schmidt von Knobelsdorf (Frankfurt (Oder), 13 December 1860 – Glücksburg, 1 September 1936) was a Prussian military officer, and a general in the First World War.
He joined the German army at the age of 18. By 1912 he was Major general and Oberquartiermeister of the German General Staff. In 1914 he was promoted to Lieutenant general.
At the outbreak of World War I, he became Chief of Staff of the 5th German Army, which was formally led by Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany. But the Crown Prince was only thirty-two years old and had never commanded a unit larger than a regiment, and was therefore ordered by his father the Emperor, Wilhelm II, to always follow the advice of his experienced Chief of Staff.
Schmidt von Knobelsdorf was one of the main architects of the plans to launch a major attack against the French at Verdun in February 1916. As de facto leader of the 5th Army, it was also Schmidt von Knobelsdorf who directed the attack and who pushed for victory at all costs. This led to several conflicts with the Crown Prince. When the attacks didn't deliver the expected results, Schmidt von Knobelsdorf was awarded the Pour le Mérite with Oak Leaves on 21 August 1916, and moved to command the X Corps at the Eastern Front. As Chief of Staff of the 5th Army, he was replaced by Walther von Lüttwitz.
Until the end of the war, he remained commander of the X Corps, which was moved to the Western Front by the end of 1916. He was promoted to General of the Infantry just before the Armistice.
Schmidt von Knobelsdorf retired from the Army on 30 September 1919.
He died on 1 September 1936 at the age of 75.
# Vachsky District

Vachsky District (Russian: Ва́чский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the forty in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vachsky Municipal District. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 979.5 square kilometers (378.2 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Vacha. Population: 19,979 (2010 Census); 23,349 (2002 Census); 29,198 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Vacha accounts for 30.0% of the district's total population.

## History

The district was established in 1929.
# Naturalization Act of 1870

The Naturalization Act of 1870 (16 Stat. 254) was a United States federal law that created a system of controls for the naturalization process and penalties for fraudulent practices. It is also noted for extending the naturalization process to "aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent" while also maintaining exclusion of the process to Chinese Americans and other groups.

## Wong Kim Ark case

By virtue of the Fourteenth Amendment and despite the 1870 Act, the US Supreme Court in United States v. Wong Kim Ark (1898) recognized US birthright citizenship of an American-born child of Chinese parents who had a permanent domicile and residence in the United States, and who were there carrying on business, and were not employed in any diplomatic or official capacity under the Emperor of China. US citizenship of persons born in the United States since Wong Kim Ark have been recognized, although the Supreme Court has never directly made a ruling in relation to children born to parents who are not legal residents in the United States.

## Legislative history

The naturalization bill was introduced by Republican Representative Noah Davis from New York in the US House of Representatives as bill H.R. 2201 and Republican Senator Roscoe Conkling from New York co-sponsored the bill in the US Senate.
The 1870 Act was passed by the 41st US Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on July 14, 1870. Although the act was enacted in the US Congress during the Reconstruction era, it is often not noted among the group of major legislative bills passed and enacted during that time period.
# Giacinto Gilioli

Giacinto Gilioli (1594- 27 June 1665) was an Italian painter of the baroque period, active mainly in Bologna. He trained with the Caracci brothers. He collaborated with the Flemish painters Willem Drost, van Terlee & Willem de Poorter.