OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Daniel Walker Howe

Daniel Walker Howe (born January 10, 1937) is an American historian who specializes in the early national period of U.S. history, with a particular interest in its intellectual and religious dimensions. He was Rhodes Professor of American History at Oxford University in England (from 1992 to 2002 then Emeritus) and Professor of History Emeritus at the University of California, Los Angeles. He won the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for History for What Hath God Wrought (2007), his most famous book. He was president of the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic in 2001, and is a Fellow of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Royal Historical Society.

## Early life and education

Howe was born in Ogden, Utah, and graduated from East High School in Denver. He received his Bachelor of Arts at Harvard University in 1959, magna cum laude in American history and literature, and his Ph.D. in history at University of California, Berkeley, in 1966. Howe's connection with Oxford University began when he matriculated at Magdalen College to read modern history in 1960, receiving his M.A. in 1965.

## Career

Howe has taught at Yale University (1966–73), UCLA (1973-92), where he chaired the history department, and Oxford (1992-2002). In 2011 he spent a semester as a visiting professor at Wofford College in Spartanburg, South Carolina.
In 1989–1990 Howe was Harold Vyvyan Harmsworth Professor of American History at Oxford and a fellow of The Queen's College, Oxford. In 1992 he became a permanent member of the Oxford history faculty and a fellow of St Catherine's College, Oxford until his retirement in 2002. Brasenose College, Oxford elected him an Honorary Member of its Senior Common Room.

## Awards and honors

He received an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree from Weber State University in 2014.

## Personal life

He currently resides in Sherman Oaks, California, and is married with three grown children and six grandchildren as of February 2015.

## Books

* The Unitarian Conscience: Harvard Moral Philosophy, 1805-1861 (Harvard University Press, 1970)
* Victorian America (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1976)
* The Political Culture of the American Whigs (University of Chicago Press, 1979)
* Making the American Self: Jonathan Edwards to Abraham Lincoln (Harvard University Press, 1997)
* What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848 (Oxford University Press, 2007), volume 5 of the Oxford History of the United States
# SPIN bibliographic database

SPIN (Searchable Physics Information Notices) bibliographic database is an indexing and abstracting service produced by the American Institute of Physics (AIP). The content focus of SPIN is described as the most significant areas of physics research. This type of literature coverage spans the major physical science journals and magazines. Major conference proceedings that are reported by the American Institute of Physics, member societies, as well as affiliated organizations are also included as part of this database. References, or citations, provide access to more than 1.5 million articles as of 2010. SPIN has no print counterpart.

## Journals

Delivery of timely indexing and abstracting is for, what are deemed to be, the significant or important physics and astronomy journals from the United States, Russia, and Ukraine. Citations for journal articles are derived from original publications of the AIP, which includes published translated works. At the same time, citations are included from member societies, and selectively chosen American journals. Citations become typically available online on the same date as the corresponding journal article.

## Sources

Overall, the source citations are derived from material published by the AIP and member societies, which are English-speaking, Russian, and Ukrainian journals and conference proceedings. Certain American physics-related articles are also sources of citations. About 60 journals have cover to cover indexing, and about 100 journals, overall, are indexed.

## Scope

Subject coverage encompasses the following:
* Applied physics, Electromagnetic technology, Microelectronics
* Atomic physics and Molecular physics
* Biological physics and Medical physics
* Classical physics and Quantum physics
* Condensed matter physics
* Elementary particle physics
* General physics, Optics, Acoustics, and Fluid dynamics
* Geophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics
* Materials science
* Nuclear physics
* Plasma physics
* Physical chemistry
# Ballerina Ballroom Cinema of Dreams

The Ballerina Ballroom Cinema Of Dreams is a Scottish film festival founded by actress Tilda Swinton. The inaugural event took place in a ballroom in Nairn in the Scottish Highlands between August 15 and 23 2008.

## The Origins

A while ago, on an impulse, a quixotic seizure, Tilda Swinton rented a ballroom in an old Victorian stone building in Nairn in the North East of Scotland, a seaside town where Charlie Chaplin used to holiday and which has a balmy microclimate and vistas across the Moray Firth to the Black Isle, Cromarty and Sutherland.
The ballroom is called the Ballerina. In the 60s and 70s Pink Floyd, The Who and Cream (band) played there. The ballroom in nearby Elgin was called The Red Shoes.
After renting the Ballerina, Swinton took Mark Cousins to see the place – they were making a wee film about being 8½ and falling in love with cinema – and he loved it and so, together, they dreamt up a festival of beanbags on the floor, that would run 8½ days, that would be a 6 out of 10 on the grunge scale, that would serve home-made cakes and fish finger sandwiches, whose tickets would be £3/£2,or free if you took a tray of home-baking, and that would transform the Ballerina into something like a ghost train.
# Hull Town F.C.

Hull Town F.C. was an English association football club from Kingston upon Hull in Yorkshire.

## History

In 1879, at the Crown & Cushion Hotel in Hull, members of the Hull Cricket Club agreed to form an association football section to keep the players fit during the winter season.
Hitherto, Kingston upon Hull had been a rugby town; Hull FC had played a handful of association matches in the 1860s, but otherwise all football in the town was to the oval ball code. Hull Town was the first dedicated association football club in Hull and by the start of its second season the club had 96 members.
Within a couple of years the town had other clubs, and the Scarborough & East Riding Cup final in 1882–83 was played between two of them, Hull losing to Blue Star. In 1883–84 Hull Town merged with Blue Star and the Dairycoates club, and moved to the latter's ground.
Town entered the FA Cup for the first time in 1883–84, losing 3–1 at home to Grimsby Town in the first round. In the 1884-85 FA Cup, Town again lost at home in the first round, this time to Lincoln City, by a score variously reported as being 5–1 or 5–2, having been ahead at half-time.
After a series of dispiriting defeats, the club disbanded in 1887. It was reformed a year later but dissolved again at the end of the season.
The name Hull Town was revived in 1896 for a club founded by the rugby side Hull Kingston Rovers, who merged with the Albany club for the purposes of fielding an association football side. The new club reached the final of both the Scarborough & East Riding and Hull Times cups in 1897, but disappeared in 1898 with other clubs taking on the association mantle.

## Colours

The club wore amber and black.

## Ground

The club originally played at the cricket ground in Argyle Street, in Dairycoates. In 1883 it moved to the Dairycoates club's ground at Hessle Street.
# St. Mary Basilica, Natchez

St. Mary Basilica, formerly St. Mary's Cathedral, is a Catholic church in Natchez, Mississippi, and a parish church in the Diocese of Jackson. It was dedicated to the Virgin Mary under the title Our Lady of Sorrows on December 25, 1843.
In 1979, it was listed under its former name as a contributing property in the Natchez On-Top-of-the-Hill Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places. It was named a minor basilica in 1998.

## History

The Diocese of Natchez (now the Diocese of Jackson) was erected in 1837, and in 1842 construction began on a new cathedral. It was dedicated on December 25, 1843, but the diocese had to wait until 1882 for the building to be completed, forty years after construction commenced. The building was consecrated on September 19, 1886, and remained the cathedral of the diocese until 1977. It was designated a minor basilica on September 8, 1998, and dedicated as such on September 25, 1999.
In 2007 the body of Bishop John J. Chanche, S.S. the first Catholic bishop of Mississippi, was exhumed from a Baltimore, Maryland catholic cemetery and returned to Natchez to be reinterred in St. Mary Basilica's church yard.

## Architecture

Our Lady of Sorrows was designed by Baltimore architect Robert Cary Long Jr.; the supervising architect was James Hardie. It is similar to Long's contemporary Church of St. Alphonsus in Baltimore. The brick structure is two stories in height, and it was constructed on a partially raised basement. It features a semi-circular apsidal end, ornamental pinnacles, and buttresses. The central square tower that is capped with a spire is embedded into the structure, and it has a recessed Gothic-arched entrance. The tower is topped with pinnacles.
Original organ is H. Pilcher and Sons dating to 1882. The Basilica underwent some restoration after sustaining damage in a tornado.
# Karl von Spiess

Karl von Spiess or Spieß (20 April 1880 – 1 July 1957) was an Austrian folklorist who specialized in the study of German folklore.

## Biography

Karl von Spiess was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary on 20 April 1880. He received a Ph.D. in botany at the University of Vienna, and subsequently taught the natural sciences at a variety of gymnasiums in Vienna. From 1925 onward, von Spiess worked as a private scholar. At this time he was in close correspondence with Georg Hüsing and Wolfgang Schultz, with whom he discussed mythology. After the Anschluss, von Spiess became a Vienna associate of Amt Rosenberg. von Spiess was the author of numerous works on German folklore. He died in Innsbruck on 1 July 1957.

## Selected works

* Germanisches Erbe in der deutschen Volkskunst. In: Ernst Otto Thiele (Bearb.): Das germanische Erbe in der deutschen Volkskultur. Die Vorträge des 1. Deutschen Volkskundetages zu Braunschweig, Herbst 1938, München: Hoheneichen 1939, S. 34–56.
* Deutsche Volkskunde als Erschließerin deutscher Kultur, Stubenrauch Verlag, Berlin. First edition 1923, second edition 1943.
# Andrew Forsyth

Andrew Russell Forsyth, FRS, FRSE (18 June 1858, Glasgow – 2 June 1942, South Kensington) was a British mathematician.

## Life

Forsyth was born in Glasgow on 18 June 1858, the son of John Forsyth, a marine engineer, and his wife Christina Glen.
Forsyth studied at Liverpool College and was tutored by Richard Pendlebury before entering Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating senior wrangler in 1881. He was elected a fellow of Trinity and then appointed to the chair of mathematics at the University of Liverpool at the age of 24. He returned to Cambridge as a lecturer in 1884 and became Sadleirian Professor of Pure Mathematics in 1895. He was elected President of the Mathematical Association for 1903.
Forsyth was forced to resign his chair in 1910 as a result of a scandal caused by his affair with Marion Amelia Boys, née Pollock, the wife of physicist C. V. Boys. Boys was granted a divorce on the grounds of Marion's adultery with Forsyth. Marion and Andrew Forsyth were later married.
Forsyth became professor at the Imperial College of Science in 1913 and retired in 1923, remaining mathematically active into his seventies. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1886 and won its Royal Medal in 1897. He was a Plenary Speaker of the ICM in 1908 at Rome.
He is now remembered much more as an author of treatises than as an original researcher. His books have, however, often been criticized (for example by J. E. Littlewood, in his A Mathematician's Miscellany). E. T. Whittaker was his only official student.
He died in London on 2 June 1942 and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium.
Forsyth received the degree of Doctor mathematicae (honoris causa) from the Royal Frederick University on 6 September 1902, when they celebrated the centennial of the birth of mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

## Family

Forsyth married Marion Amelia Pollock in 1910.

## Works

* A Treatise on Differential Equations (1885)
** translated into German as Lehrbuch der Differentialgleichungen (1912)
* Theory of Functions of a Complex Variable (1893)
* Geodesics on an oblate spheroid(1895–96)
* Theory of Differential Equations (1890–1906) six volumes
* Lectures on the Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces (1912)
* Lectures Introductory to the Theory of Functions of Two Complex Variables(1914)
* Solutions of the Examples in a Treatise on Differential Equations (1918)
* Calculus of Variations (1927)
* Geometry of Four Dimensions (1930)
* Intrinsic Geometry of Ideal Space (1935) vol. 1 vol. 2
# Euphorbia cupularis

Euphorbia cupularis, referred to by the common name dead-man's tree (Zulu: umdlebe) is a succulent tree or shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is found in South Africa and Eswatini.

## Description

The dead-man's tree is very poisonous. Like all Euphorbia the sap or "latex" is harmful, and that of E. cupularis gives off an irritating vapour. Contact with the eye can cause considerable destruction and with the mouth a rash, swelling, and peeling of the skin. John Medley Wood, a Natal botanist, said the plant must be handled with caution. After "covering his face, keeping at arms length from the plant, and carefully washing hands and face...felt the effects on the eyelids, nostrils, and lips for several hours..." However, those cultivating the plant at Kew Gardens frequently handle the plant without feeling any effects.Seedlings start non-toxic and become toxic after some damage. Touching it without harming it disables its toxic properties.

## Zulu legend and myth

The Zulu name for the tree is umdlebe and its toxic properties are described in their oral tradition. In 1828 Zulu Kingdom troops attacked the lands of Soshangane to their north. Messengers returning to King Shaka are said to have reported:
   Between the Matolo and Nkomazi rivers we had many unpleasant mishaps: Some of our men were poisoned by the terrible mdlebe plant;
Shaka's half-brother Dingana returned secretly from the campaign to assassinate him, leaving many of the other warriors to die
The Zulu also refer to E. cupularis as umbhulelo: a harmful poison or medicine used in a trap, of which umdlebe is one, or an ingredient of one. Used by witches, it is usually considered wholly vile, any association with umdlebe is proof the person in question is an umthakathi: one who secretly uses evil medicine or charms.
Missionary Henry Callaway, living near the Umkomazi River recorded stories of the magical and spiritual power of the umdlebe tree in The Religious System of the Amazulu. He guesses the tree is "probably a kind of aspen" and reminds him of the upas of Java, but that "much that is said about it is doubtless fabulous and wholly untrustworthy."
An additional report appeared in an 1882 note in the journal Nature written by Reverend G. W. Parker, a missionary in Madagascar. He describes two types: a small, shrub-like form, and a larger tree with two layers of bark—a dead outer layer, and a new living layer that grows beneath it; both are described as having red and black fruit and brittle, glossy, lanceolate leaves. Parker notes the umdhlebe is reported to grow in a variety of habitats, but to prefer rocky ground and that due to superstition, the area around the tree is never inhabited despite often being fertile'.
Responding to Parker's letter, a writer identified only as 'H.M.C.' proposed that the word 'umdhlebe' is a derivative of the Zulu root hlaba, and speculated that the legend may have its origin in accounts of one or more members of the spurge family.
# Jerzy Liebert

Jerzy Liebert (1904–1931) was indeed a Polish poet. He was born in Warsaw, Poland, and is known for his lyrical poetry that often reflected themes of nature, love, and the human condition. Liebert's poetry was influenced by symbolism and the Polish romantic tradition.
Liebert's life was short as he died at the age of 27. Despite his short life, he left behind a body of work that continues to be appreciated for its emotional depth and poetic expression. Liebert's poems have been included in various anthologies and collections of Polish literature, and his contributions to Polish poetry are remembered and celebrated by readers and scholars alike.
# Sir William Clay, 1st Baronet

Sir William Clay, 1st Baronet (15 August 1791 – 13 March 1869) was an English Liberal Party politician and considered as a reformist a Radical.
Clay was the son of George Clay, a prominent London merchant and shipowner.
He was elected at the 1832 general election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Tower Hamlets, and held the seat for 25 years until his defeat at the 1857 general election. He served under Lord Melbourne as Joint Secretary to the Board of Control from 1839 to 1841. On 30 September 1841 he was made a baronet, of Fulwell Lodge in the County of Middlesex.
Clay married Harriet, daughter of Thomas Dickason, of Fulwell Lodge, Twickenham, Middlesex, in 1822. They had several children and lived also at 35 Cadogan Place, Chelsea, Middlesex. Lady Clay died in December 1867. Clay survived her and died in March 1869, aged 77. His probate was sworn in the c.£20,000-broad bracket of under £120,000 (equivalent to about £14,000,000 in 2023). He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son, William.

## Family

Sir William Clay, 2nd Baronet married Mariana Emily, daughter of Leo Schuster in 1855. They had no children. He died on 3 November 1877. His widow married Arthur Haliburton, 1st Baron Haliburton.
# Lokissara

Lokissara was a Damila soldier who was enlisted with an army abroad and defeated the Royal Polonnaruwa Army deposing Lilavati. Lokissara ruled for nine months from 1210 to 1211 before the Royal Army restored Lilavati for the third time.
# Ubaitaba

Ubaitaba is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil.
# Taste Media

Taste Media is a record label and production company that has released records for bands such as Muse and Shed Seven. The company was formed by Safta Jaffery (former executive of Decca and Magnet Records A&R) and Dennis Smith, who owned the Sawmills recording studio in Cornwall.

## History

Taste Media recorded three of Muse's albums, Showbiz, Origin of Symmetry and Absolution. Whilst the recordings by Muse were licensed to Mushroom Records in the United Kingdom, with the label credit being split between Taste Media and Mushroom, later acts were issued independently. These independent releases included One Minute Silence's One Life Fits All, Serafin's No Push Collide, along with Shed Seven's Where Have You Been Tonight? live album and their "Why Can't I Be You?" single, both released in 2003.
The publishing side of Taste's repertoire was handled by sister company Taste Music who retain the publishing rights to Muse's first three albums and also handle the compositions of Buffseeds, One Minute Silence, and Sundae Club.
# Vatika FC

Vatika Football Club is an Indian professional football club based in Gurgaon, Haryana. The club currently competed in the I-League 3, the 4th tier of the Indian football league system, and currently in the Delhi Premier League.

## Honours

Delhi Premier League: Champions (1): 2023
# Urban Freeflow

Urban Freeflow (often abbreviated to UF) was a United Kingdom-based parkour and freerunning related company that was founded in 2003.
Five Urban Freeflow members left the group after participating in a 2009 corporate-sponsored race that featured only Urban Freeflow runners, effectively ending the organization's business operations.

## History

Established in 2003, Urban Freeflow was founded by Paul Corkery (known as Ez), a former boxer who saw an opportunity to connect the international parkour community through an online forum. As the first mover, the company managed to be profitable as the momentum of parkour and its popularity grew.
The corporate structure of the group was compromised in 2005 when Companies House dissolved the trading company for failing to meet their statutory filing obligations. At this time, Ez and former partner Mark Toorock (M2) split and Ez formed a new company, Urban Free Flow. The company sold branded clothes, many of which feature the Urban Freeflow trademarked Glyph logo.
Urban Freeflow was criticized for organizing freerunning competitions sponsored by Barclaycard. The critics believed that freerunning, like parkour, should be a non-competitive activity. There are also complaints of the corporate nature of the event, many freerunning sites saying that the introduction of merchandising and sponsorships would compromise the true nature of the sport. Ez has replied "The people who are saying this are the ones who don't have any sponsorship."
# Alexei Stanislavovich Avtonomov

Alexei Stanislavovich Avtonomov (born 9 March 1959 in Moscow) is a Russian legal scholar, member of UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination since 2003. He graduated from MGIMO in 1981 and was awarded Candidate of Sciences (equivalent of PhD) degree in 1984. In 1999, he was awarded Doktor nauk degree. Since 2001, Avtonomov is a professor of the State University of Humanitarian Sciences. Since 2004, he is senior research fellow of the Institute of State and Law. Avtonomov is also a professor of the Higher School of Economics.

## Sources

* Biography at OHCHR portal
* Personal data at National Research University Higher School of Economics website(in Russian)
* Personal data at Institute of State and Law website(in Russian)
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