OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# African-led International Support Mission to Mali

The African-led International Support Mission to Mali (AFISMA) was an Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) organized military mission sent to support the government of ECOWAS member nation Mali against Islamist rebels in the Northern Mali conflict. The mission was authorized with UN Security Council Resolution 2085, passed on 20 December 2012, which "authorizes the deployment of an African-led International Support Mission in Mali (AFISMA) for an initial period of one year. The AFISMA mission transferred its authority to MINUSMA on 1 July 2013, that is, AFISMA mission ended and MINUSMA mission began, with AFISMA troops becoming MINUSMA troops.
Initially, the mission was to begin in September 2013, but after an unexpected advance by the rebel forces in early January 2013 and the subsequent French intervention, ECOWAS decided to immediately deploy the AFISMA forces. On 17 January, Nigeria began deploying air and ground forces to Mali. The Nigerian deployment was followed by the arrival of a 160-man contingent from Burkina Faso the following week. The first commander of AFISMA is Nigerian Major General Abdulkadir Shehu.
Meanwhile, the heads of state and government of ECOWAS have endorsed Major General Shehu of Nigeria as Force Commander and Brigadier General Yaye Garba of Niger as Deputy Force Commander.
On January 31, the United States Department of State estimated that there were about 1,400 AFISMA troops from Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Senegal, Burkina Faso and Chad on the ground in Mali.
The following forces have been committed to AFISMA:
| Country | Personnel | Remarks |
| Benin | 300 |
| Burkina Faso | 500 |
| Burundi | unknown |
| Cape Verde | unknown |
| Chad | 1,800 |
| Gabon | 900 |
| Gambia | 1 military police platoon and 1 infantry company |
| Ghana | 120 - Engineer Company |
| Guinea | 144 |
| Guinea-Bissau | unknown |
| Ivory Coast | 500 |
| Liberia | 1 platoon |
| Niger | 500 |
| Nigeria | 1,200 | Reportedly includes elements of 333 Battalion. Also deployed Mi-35 helicopters, and two Nigerian Air Force Alpha Jets. |
| Rwanda | unknown |
| Senegal | 500 |
| Sierra Leone | 500 | 'Maintenance battalion' (Xinhua News Agency) |
| South Africa | unknown |
| Tanzania | unknown |
| Togo | 500 |
| Uganda | unknown |
| AFISMA Total: | 7,464 |

## Casualties

65 soldiers have been killed during the mission: 34 Chadians, 28 Nigerians, 2 Togolese and 1 Burkinabé.
# Kirkley

Kirkley is an area of the town of Lowestoft in the East Suffolk district of the English county of Suffolk. It is located south of the centre of Lowestoft and the town's harbour and Lake Lothing. Kirkley was originally an independent village but is now part of the urban conurbation of Lowestoft. In 2011 the ward had a population of 7,439.

## History

Kirkley was briefly mentioned in the Domesday Book at which time it formed part of William the Conqueror's estates and was held by Roger Bigot. The area is described as a village with a population of around 433 by Suckling in 1846, with its main industry being fishing.
The former parish church is dedicated to St Peter and St John. The church had fallen into disrepair by 1640, with restoration taking place at some point in the 18th Century.
In 1847, from his base at Somerleyton Hall, entrepreneur Samuel Morton Peto brought the railway to Lowestoft. A new resort was built by Peto in the then rural parish of Kirkley and along the south beach. Peto sponsored construction of St John's church on the corner of Belvedere Road for the inhabitants of the new town. This was damaged by flooding and finally demolished in 1977.
Peto's legacy can be seen throughout Kirkley, including Wellington Terrace and Gardens (where there is a commemorative plaque to him), period seafront houses and Kensington Gardens. Kirkley is also the site of Britten House, a large Victorian house in Kirkley Cliff Road where the composer Benjamin Britten was born in 1913.
In 1901 the parish had a population of 6,465. On 1 April 1907 the parish was abolished and merged with Lowestoft.

## Redevelopment

In 2019 Kirkley hosted the ‘sunrise first light festival’ on the beach. Kirkley was part of the Waveney Sunrise Scheme and has received regeneration finance from the EU.

## Culture and community

The local high school is East Point Academy which teaches students from ages 11–16.
The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), a large fisheries research centre, which is a part of Defra, is located in the Kirkley area.
Kirkley has a Non-League football club Kirkley and Pakefield Football Club who play at Walmer Road.

## Notable people

* Claud Castleton V.C. of the Australian Army was born in Kirkley.
* Three founder members of the rock band The Darkness were educated in Kirkley.
* Lil' Chris featured in Channel 4's Rock School programme filmed at Kirkley High School and went on to have a musical career.
# Godefroy Zumoffen

Godefroy Zumoffen, SJ (1848 in France – 1928) was a French Jesuit archaeologist and geologist notable for his work on prehistory in Lebanon.
He is known particularly for pioneering Lebanese archaeology, and for discovering several sites including the Antelias cave. He produced the first geological map of Lebanon and authored a book about its prehistory, La Phénicie avant les phéniciens: l'âge de la pierre.
# Edwin M. Truman

Edwin (Ted) M. Truman (born 1941) is an American economist specializing in international financial institutions, especially the International Monetary Fund and sovereign wealth funds. He has been a Senior Fellow with the Peterson Institute for International Economics since 2001. Truman has worked quietly over the years on international financial crises issues. Nobel laureate Paul Krugman described Truman as the "George Smiley of international economics".

## Family background and education

The son of political scientist David Truman, Edwin Truman was awarded a BA from Amherst College in 1963, and a Ph.D. in economics from Yale University in 1976. In 1988 Amherst College awarded him an Honorary LL.D.

## Career

From 1977 to 1998 Truman directed the Division of International Finance at the Federal Reserve System
From 1983 to 1998 he was a staff economist for the Federal Open Market Committee.
In December 1998, President Bill Clinton, appointed Truman Assistant Secretary of the US Treasury for International Affairs.
In 2001, he joined the Peterson Institute for International Economics as a Senior Fellow.
In 2009, he was recruited by Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner as a temporary advisor to develop policies for the April 2009 G-20 London summit
Currently, he is on the advisory board of OMFIF where he writes various articles regarding the monetary and financial situation.

## Policy work

Truman has been a member of many international organizations and working groups. He has been a member of:
* G-7 Working Group on Exchange Market Intervention (1982–83)
* G-10 Working Group on the Resolution of Sovereign Liquidity Crises (1995–96)
* G-10-sponsored Working Party on Financial Stability in Emerging Market Economies (1996–97)
* G-22 Working Party on Transparency and Accountability (1998)
* Financial Stability Forum's Working Group on Highly Leveraged Institutions (1999–2000)
Truman is a supporter of the IMF. He has proposed a special, on-time allocation of $250bn in SDRs by donor member countries as a way of dramatically building confidence in co-operative solutions to the global recession and to persuade countries not to manage their exchange rates in order to build up foreign exchange surpluses. He urged the G-20 'to commit to substantial and sustained actions for a period that matches the likely duration of the crisis'. Truman urged that IMF should enforce the coordinated plan, that it should keep a real-time, public scorecard identifying countries which are not doing their part.

## Advocacy

Truman has led international advocacy efforts to defend Andreas Georgiou, the former head of the Hellenic Statistical Authority who has been the target of multiple prosecutions and lawsuits.
# Mabel Lake Provincial Park

Mabel Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Monashee Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, located on the east side of Mabel Lake, which is part of the Shuswap River system. Created on December 21, 1972, at approximately 182 hectares, the park was expanded in 2000 to approximately 187 hectares.
# Donat Raymond

Joseph Donat Raymond (January 3, 1880 – June 5, 1963) was a Canadian Senator and builder in the National Hockey League.

## Biography

Born in Saint-Stanislas-de-Kostka, Quebec, Donat Raymond was a member of the Canadian Senate as a Liberal Party from 1926 to 1963. He was also head of the Canadian Arena Company that helped designed arenas throughout Canada. One of the major arenas he re-built was the Montreal Forum in 1968. One of his final acts was to approve the financing and plans of the arena before he died. He won the Stanley Cup seven times, twice with the Montreal Maroons in 1926 and 1935, and five times with Montreal Canadiens in 1944, 1946, 1953, 1956 and 1957.
He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958.
His brothers were hotel entrepreneur Joseph-Aldéric Raymond, proprietor of Maison Joseph-Aldéric Raymond, and Canadian politician Maxime Raymond.
# Pasquale Aiese

Pasquale Aiese (born 27 April 1962) is an Italian lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1982 World Rowing Championships in Lucerne with the lightweight men's four. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in the coxless pair with Marco Romano where they came fifth.
# Roque del Este

Roque del Este (Spanish for "rock of the east") is a small uninhabited islet in the Canary Islands, located 11 kilometres (7 miles) northeast of the island of Lanzarote. The islet is part of the Chinijo Archipelago, which is administratively part of the municipality of Teguise.
Roque del Este is the easternmost islet of the Chinijo archipelago, and it is the second smallest. Like the rest of the Canary Islands, it is of volcanic origin. Its highest point is 84 m. The islet is part of the integral nature reserve Los Islotes, which is part of the natural park Chinijo Archipelago.
# K. T. Achuthan

K. T. Achuthan (April 1911 – 8 January 1999) was an Indian politician from Kerala and a leader in the Indian National Congress. He served as Minister for Transport & Labour in both R. Sankar ministry and Pattom Thanu Pillai ministry.

## Biography

Shri. K.T. Achuthan, advocate and senior Congress leader, was born as the son of Shri. Theyyan Vaidyar and Smt. Madhavi in April 1911. Shri Achuthan had served as a Member of Kochi Legislative Assembly from 1943 to 1949, and Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly from 1949 to 1951.

## Political career

Shri Achuthan became elected to the second Kerala Legislative Assembly in 1960, contesting from Nattika constituency as a Congress candidate. Shri. Achuthan held the portfolio of Transport and Labour in the Pattom Thanu Pillai Ministry from 22-2-1960 to 26-9-1962. He was the Minister for Transport and Labour in the R. Sankar cabinet too, from 26-9-1962 to 10-9-1964. He had also served for a term as a Member of the Lok Sabha, from 1952 to 1957.
In the course of a long political career, Shri. Achuthan has held several important positions in different walks of life. He was Member, Municipal Council, Irinjalakuda and General Secretary, Cochin SNDP Yogam.

## Marriage and children

Smt. Savithri was his wife and they have four sons and three daughters.

## Death

Achuthan died on 8 January 1999 at the age of 87. The Assembly paid tribute to him on 26 February 1999.
# Görmez, Silvan

Görmez (Kurdish: Gormez) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silvan, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 271 in 2022.
# Afroza Abbas

Afroza Abbas (Bengali: আফরোজা আব্বাস) is a Bangladeshi politician who is the incumbent president of Bangladesh Jatiotabadi Mohila Dal (lit. 'Bangladesh Nationalist Women's Party'), the women's wing of Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP). She is the spouse of Mirza Abbas, a senior BNP politician and former minister.

## Career

Abbas was set to contest the 2018 parliamentary election from Dhaka-9, but her candidature got rejected.
On 12 February 2018, Abbas, along with Sultana Ahmed, the general secretary of Mohila Dal, got bail.
On 11 March 2022, 12 members of Mohila Dal protested outside the organization's central headquarters calling for the removal of Afroza Abbas. Subsequently, all the 12 members were expelled from the organization.
In July 2022, Abbas told the media that the Awami League government would be washed away by the floods in July 2022.
# David Egilman

David Egilman (September 9, 1952 – April 2, 2024) was an American physician who was the Editor in Chief of the International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health and Editor of The Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity. He was a Clinical Professor at Brown University.

## Early life and education

Egilman studied at Brown University, graduating with a Bachelors degree in molecular biology in 1974 and a medical degree in 1978. He earned a master’s degree in public health from Harvard in 1982.

## Career

He was known for holding corporations accountable for asbestos-related diseases in their employees, acting as an expert witness in many legal cases. Other advocacy work include cases related to Vioxx, Zyprexa, oxycontin and Johnson’s talcum powder and other products containing talc. In his work as an expert witness, he testified in as many as 15 cases a year. To manage his legal clients, he set up a company, Never Again Consulting, perhaps in recognition of his family's in WWII and as an allusion to Nazi human experimentation. His regular advocacy led some defense lawyers to argue that he was too dogmatic to provide objective analysis.

## Personal life

Egilman died on April 2, 2024, at the age of 71.
# Uilika Nambahu

Uilika Nambahu is a Namibian politician. She was elected mayor of Walvis Bay on 14 May 2008, succeeding Derek Klazen. In May 2010, she was re-elected to serve her third one-year term.
# Roberto Frinolli

Roberto Frinolli (Rome, 13 November 1940) is a former athlete Italian specializing in the 400 metres hurdles.

## Biography

Born in Garbatella, he attended athletics school, first trying the 110 metres hurdles before settling on the 400 hurdles. He went on to become the Italian national champion six times, 1963-1966 and 1968-9.
He qualified for three Olympics, 1964 through 1972, making it to the final in 1964 and 1968. At the 1968 Olympics, he ran his personal best of 49.14 in the semi-finals, placing him in the center of the track for the final. He ran an even pace with eventual winner David Hemery who was in the process of setting the world record. Frinolli paid for that hard early pace, struggling home in last place.
Frinolli was ranked number one in the world in 1965 and 1966. He won the 1966 European Championships and twice at the World University Games. He is the father of Giorgio Frinolli.
# OK Fine, 'To ang Gusto Nyo!

OK Fine, 'To ang Gusto Nyo! (transl. OK Fine, This is what you want!) is a Philippine television sitcom series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Starring Aga Muhlach, Bayani Agbayani and Rica Peralejo, it aired from May 14, 2002 to August 21, 2006, replacing !Oka Tokat and Attagirl. and was replaced by Noypi, Ikaw Ba ‘To?. The show was originally planned as a movie but the ABS-CBN management decided to make a sitcom out of it due to the movie's popular line "OK Fine, Whatever". The final season was entitled OK Fine, Oh Yes!.

## Cast

* Aga Muhlach as Michael (2002–2006)
* Edu Manzano as Junior (2003–2006)
* Bayani Agbayani as Miguel (2002–2006)
* Rica Peralejo as Ikay (2002–2006)
* Gloria Romero as Barbie (2002–2006)
* Nikki Valdez as Camilla (2002–2006)
* Michelle Bayle as Ruby (2002)
* Heart Evangelista as Yoko (2002–2004)
* Onyok Velasco as Dong (2002–2006)
* Christian Vasquez as Rocky (2002)
* Arron Villaflor as Arron (2005)
* Erich Gonzales as Erich (2005)
* Mariel Rodriguez as Mariel (2003)
* Sharlene San Pedro as Sharlene (2004)
* Dagul (2003)
* Tado† (2004)
* John Estrada (2004)
# Jean Courtois (herald)

Jean Courtois (French pronunciation:; died 1436) was a French herald.

## Biography

Jean Courtois called Sicily Herald was in the service of the king of the two Sicilies Alfonso V of Aragon. He lived for a long time in Mons in Hainaut in the Netherlands. At the beginning of his career, he was in the service of Peter of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, and then he acted in the Naples court of Alfonso V of Aragon.
In his work Le Blason des Couleurs en armes, livrées, & devises (1414), Courtois developed a heraldic system consisting of the tinctures, planets and carbuncles, the virtues, metals, months, the zodiac, and weekdays among others. He claimed, his work was compiled with "the help of God (l'Aide de Dieu), princes, knights, squires and all his brothers, kings of arms and heralds". He was familiar with the Etymologies of Isidore of Seville, and also he gave the names of the tinctures in Greek. However, his main contribution was the development of gemstone-planetary blazon.

## Editions

* Trattato dei colori nelle arme, nelle livre e nelle divise. (Naples, manuscript in Italian). New edition, Pavia: A. Viani, 1593).
* A French language edition: Le blason des couleurs en armes, livrées et divises (H. Cocheris, Paris, 1860)
# It's a Matter of Survival

It's a Matter of Survival is a 1990 book by Anita Gordon and David Suzuki. Written for the general reader, the book looks ahead 50 years and explores the condition of human society and the environment. Suggestions are given about how to improve the future. The book originated as a radio series aired in 1989 by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.

## Overview

In the series and the book, described how the "first global scientific consensus" that the world was "entering an era of unprecedented climate change" had emerged in the June 1988 international Toronto Conference on the Changing Atmosphere chaired by Stephen Lewis, and with 300 scientists from around the world in attendance.$^{:210}$
On the webpage of the David Suzuki Foundation—a non-profit organization environmental organization headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, that he co-founded in 1991, Suzuki said that the response to the CBC radio show was the catalyst for the establishment of the Foundation.
# University of Eastern Africa, Baraton

The University of Eastern Africa, Baraton (UEAB) is a private coeducational Seventh-day Adventist university located in Baraton, about 50 km from Eldoret Kenya. It offers degrees in graduate and undergraduate programs in the fields of Business, the Humanities, Agriculture, Technology, Health Sciences and Education. Baraton University, as it is popularly known, is run by the Seventh-day Adventist Church, and is part of its system of higher education. It is accredited by the Commission for Higher Education, Kenya Government, and was the first private university to receive a charter granted by the Republic of Kenya on March 28, 1991. The university is a member of the Inter-University Council for East Africa, The Association of Commonwealth Universities, and the Association of African Universities.
It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.
The mission of UEAB is the provision of a Christian quality education for the youth with the aim of equipping them with necessary skills for service for God and humanity.

## History

The beginning of Seventh-day Adventist education in this part of Africa dates back to the establishment of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the region. The earliest church was established in Tanzania in 1903, followed by church work around Lake Victoria, especially with the 1906 establishment of a mission at the Homa-Bay County's Gendia, the current location of the Kendu Adventist Hospital, Gendia High School and the Africa Herald and Publishing House. In 1928 what is now known as Kamagambo Adventist College was established in Rongo Town, Migori County.
Many primary and secondary school have since been established. Some of these have been offering post secondary education, but none of them has offered a full bachelor's degree program. For this reason, students desiring that level of education in an Adventist institution before 1980 had to go outside Eastern Africa. During the 1970s, the Middle East University in Beirut Lebanon served many such students. Thus, there was a great need for a full-fledged university in Eastern Africa.
In October 1978, the Board of the Afro-Mideast Division of Seventh-day Adventists took an action to establish such a university in Kenya on December 21, 1978. The Kenya Government allotted the Baraton Animal Husbandry Research Station of 339 acres (1.37 km²) in Nandi District to the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the purpose of founding what is now known as the University of Eastern Africa, Baraton. Classes began in January 1980 in the temporary farm structures. Some of these structures have since been replaced with new and modern buildings.

## Schools

* School of Business
* School of Humanities and Social Sciences
* School of Health Sciences
* School of Science and Technology
* School of Education.

## Notable people
### Alumni

* Christopher Mwashinga, writer
# Einosuke Itō

Einosuke Itō (伊藤 永之介, Itō Einosuke, Akita, November 21, 1903 – July 26, 1959) was a Japanese writer.

## Life

After finishing his studies, he worked in a bank and started writing articles for several publications. In 1924, he moved to Tokyo, where he started to publish for the socialist journal Bungei Sensen (文芸戦線) founded by Yōbun Kaneko. Thanks to his 1928 publication Mienai Kōzan (見えない鉱山) in this journal, his works were considered part of the Proletarian literature movement.

## Works (sel.)

* 1930 Bōdō (暴動)
* 1930 Kyōkō (恐慌)
* 1937 Fukurō (梟)
* 1938 Uguisu (鶯)
* 1938 Karasu (鴉)
* 1939 Ushi (牛)
* 1939 Kuma (熊)
* 1939 Uma (馬)
* 1939 Sakka no techō (作家の手帖)
* 1939 Tsubame (燕)
* 1939 Gan (雁)
* 1939 Ishikawa Rikinosuke nōson kōsei no jufu (石川理紀之助 農村更生の慈父)
* 1940 Asaichi (朝市)
* 1941 Tokai to inaka (都会と田舎)
* 1941 Furusato no haru (故郷の春)
* 1942 Hirata Atsutane (平田篤胤)
* 1942 Isha no iru son (医者のゐる村)
* 1942 Kamo to funa (鴨と鮒)
* 1942 Roji no hitobito (路地の人々)
* 1943 Haru no wakare (春の別れ)
* 1944 Akita (秋田)
* 1946 Utsukushii tabi (美しい旅)
* 1947 Futatsu no seishun (二つの青春)
* 1947 Furusato no uta (故郷の歌)
* 1947 Umi no oni (海の鬼)
* 1948 Yama no kami (山の神)
* 1948 Nōmin no kōfuku (農民の幸福)
* 1952 Keisatsu nikki (警察日記)
* 1953 Bungaku nyūmon (文学入門)
* 1954 Natuskashii sanka (なつかしい山河)
* 1955 Keimusho shigan (刑務所志願)
* 1955 Shinkeisatsu nikki (新警察日記)
* 1955 Tanima no kyōdai 谷間の兄弟
* 1956 Yamazakura (山桜)
* 1957 Chūzaisho nikki (駐在所日記)
* 1957 Nambei kōro (南米航路)
* 1959 Shizen to jinsei ni tsuite no shijū hanashi (自然と人生についての四十話)
* 1959 Kieru mizuumi (消える湖)
* 1959 Santarō (三太郎)
* 1960 Shochō nikki (署長日記)

## Movies

* 1951 Keisatsu nikki (警察日記)