# Antonin Magne

Antonin Magne (pronounced; 15 February 1904 – 8 September 1983) was a French cyclist who won the Tour de France in 1931 and 1934. He raced as a professional from 1927 to 1939 and then became a team manager. The French rider and then journalist, Jean Bobet, described him in Sporting Cyclist as "a most uninterviewable character" and "a man who withdraws into a shell as soon as he meets a journalist." His taciturn character earned him the nickname of The Monk when he was racing.

## Professional cycling career
### Early career

Magne became a professional cyclist in 1927. He was part of the Alleluia Team which, with Pierre Magne, Julien Moineau, Marius Gallotini, Arsène Alancourt, and André Cauet, won the 1927 GP Wolber, considered the unofficial world road race championship.
Magne first rode the Tour in 1927, alongside André Leducq in the France team.

### 1931 Tour de France

In 1931, defending champion André Leducq was not in good shape, so Magne took over the role as team leader. Although he was repeatedly attacked by the Italian Pesanti and the Belgian, Jef Demuysere, Magne was able to win the race.

### 1932 to 1933

In 1932, Magne did not defend his Tour de France title; instead he started in the Giro d'Italia, but could not impress. In 1933, Magne returned in the Tour de France, and finished in 8th place.

### 1934 Tour de France

In 1934, Magne again started in the Tour de France, in a strong French team. Magne led from the second day and his team won 19 of the 23 stages, Magne himself winning two stages, including the first time trial in the Tour de France, over 80 km from La Roche-sur-Yon to Nantes. His hopes looked over when he broke a wheel on the descent from l'Hospitalet to Ax-les-Thermes in the Pyrenees. He was rescued by the youngest rider in his team, René Vietto, who handed him his own wheel despite being in third place himself. The next day Magne again had trouble. Vietto was just ahead of him on the Col de Portet d'Aspet, turned and saw his leader waving a wheel and rode back down the hill to hand him his own. Vietto wept by the roadside as he waited for another wheel. Magne won the Tour and France dominated it but Vietto, who finished fifth, was the hero. He also won the Grand Prix des Nations, the unofficial world championship of the individual time trial, for the first time that year.

### Late career

In 1935 and 1936, Magne again won the Grand Prix des Nations. In 1935, he started in the Tour, but left the race halfway while in second place in the general classification, after a crash on the bottom of the Galibier.
In 1936, Magne rode strong in the Tour, and finished in second place, behind Sylvère Maes. Afterwards, he became world champion.
In 1937, Magne did not start in the Tour, saying that he had already decided this in 1936, and that he was still recuperating from a car accident in May. He became the official starter of the 1937 Tour instead.
In 1938, Magne rode the Tour de France for the last time, and in the last stage he crossed the finishline together with André Leducq, who also rode the Tour for the last time; both were declared winner of that stage.

## Post-racing career

Upon retirement, Magne became a directeur sportif for several successful riders, such as Louison Bobet and Raymond Poulidor in the Mercier team. He is credited with being a mentor to the great riders of the era, and is considered to be one of the best directeurs sportif in the sport. He never referred to his riders by the informal "tu" but always as "vous"; riders addressed him a "Monsieur Magne". Louis Caput replaced Antonin Magne as manager of Fagor-Mercier in 1970.
Magne lived for much of his life at Livry-Gargan, in the département of Seine-Saint-Denis near Paris. In 2004, the Tour de France honoured the centenary of his birth with a stage finish there. Magne was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur in 1962.

## Career achievements
### Major results
#### 1927

    Tour de France
       6th overall
       Stage 14 win
    GP Wolber (as part of the Alleluia team)

#### 1928

    Tour de France
       6th overall
       Stage 13 and 21 wins

#### 1929

    Circuit des villes d'eaux d'Auvergne
    Tour de France
       7th overall

#### 1930

    Tour de France
       3rd overall
       Stage 12 win
    Paris–Roubaix
       3rd overall
    Paris-Vichy

#### 1931

    Tour de France
       1st overall
       16 days in maillot jaune
       Stage 9 win

#### 1933

    Tour de France
       8th overall
       2nd mountains classification

#### 1934

    Tour de France
       1st overall
       23 days in maillot jaune
       Stage 17 and 21b wins
    Grand Prix des Nations

#### 1935

    Grand Prix des Nations

#### 1936

    Tour de France
       2nd overall
       Stage 20b win
    World Cycling Championship
    Grand Prix des Nations

#### 1938

    Tour de France
       8th overall
       Stage 10c and 21 wins

### Grand Tour results timeline

| | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 | 1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 |
| Giro d'Italia | DNE | DNE | DNE | DNE | DNE | 34 | DNE | DNE | DNE | DNE | DNE | DNE |
| Stages won | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mountains classification | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tour de France | 6 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 1 | DNE | 8 | 1 | DNF-7 | 2 | DNE | 8 |
| Stages won | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | — | 2 |
| Mountains classification | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2 | 6 | NR | 5 | NR | NR |
| Vuelta a España | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | DNE | DNE | N/A | N/A |
| Stages won | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | — | — | N/A | N/A |
| Mountains classification | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | — | — | N/A | N/A |
Legend :
| 1 | Winner |
| 2–3 | Top three-finish |
| 4–10 | Top ten-finish |
| 11– | Other finish |
| DNE | Did not enter |
| DNF-x | Did not finish (retired on stage x) |
| DNS-x | Did not start (not started on stage x) |
| HD | Finished outside time limit (occurred on stage x) |
| DSQ | Disqualified |
| N/A | Race/classification not held |
| NR | Not ranked in this classification |