OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Esquerdinha (footballer, born 1980)

Glasner da Silva Albuquerque (born 28 February 1980), known as Esquerdinha (literally the young left one, is a former professional Brazilian footballer.

## Biography

Born in Alexânia, Goiás, Esquerdinha started his career at Santa Catarina state. He was scouted by Lecce in 1998 Torneo di Viareggio when he was representing Irineu. Lecce also sold Dejan Govedarica in order to sign the non-EU player. He played his only match with the Serie B club in 1998–99 Coppa Italia, replacing Francesco Cozza at the second half on 11 November 1998. The match Lecce lost 0–4 to Fiorentina.
In January 1999 he was signed by Juventus in co-ownership deal for a reported 1 billion Italian lire (about €500,000) and was included the squad for 1999 Torneo di Viareggio. Esquerdinha returned to Brazil in February 2000.
Since played for his last semi-professional club Caxias for 2004 Campeonato Catarinense, he retired from professional football but remained in Santa Catarina.
In 2009, he played for J. Junckes and in 2010 left for Pirabeiraba, a local side of Joinville. In 2011, he was a player of América (SC) (as captain) and Pirabeiraba from June. In 2012, he returned to América again. and in March left for Juventus FC of Joinville.
In July 2013 he was signed by Serrana.
# HMIS Malwa (J55)

HMIS Malwa (J55) was a Bangor-class minesweepers built for the Royal Navy, but transferred to the Royal Indian Navy (RIN) during the Second World War.

## Design and description

The Bangor class was designed as a small minesweeper that could be easily built in large numbers by civilian shipyards; as steam turbines were difficult to manufacture, the ships were designed to accept a wide variety of engines. Malwa displaced 673 long tons (684 t) at standard load and 860 long tons (870 t) at deep load. The ship had an overall length of 189 feet (57.6 m), a beam of 28 feet 6 inches (8.7 m) and a draught of 10 feet 6 inches (3.2 m). The ship's complement consisted of 60 officers and ratings.
She was powered by two vertical triple-expansion steam engines (VTE), each driving one shaft, using steam provided by two Admiralty three-drum boilers. The engines produced a total of 2,400 shaft horsepower (1,800 kW) and gave a maximum speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). The ship carried a maximum of 160 long tons (163 t) of fuel oil that gave her a range of 2,800 nautical miles (5,200 km; 3,200 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
The VTE-powered Bangors were armed with a QF 12-pounder (7.62 cm) anti-aircraft gun and a single QF 2-pounder (4 cm) AA gun or a quadruple mount for the Vickers .50 machine gun. In some ships the 2-pounder was replaced a single or twin 20 mm Oerlikon AA gun, while most ships were fitted with four additional single Oerlikon mounts over the course of the war. For escort work, their minesweeping gear could be exchanged for around 40 depth charges.

## Construction and career

HMIS Malwa was ordered in 1942, and built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers in India for the Royal Navy. She was commissioned in 1945, just months before the end of World War II. Malwa was a part of the Eastern Fleet, and escorted a few convoys before the end of the war. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, she was among the vessels transferred to Pakistan and renamed PNS Peshawar.
# Abdominal fascia

Abdominal fascia refers to the various types of fascia found in the abdominal region. Fascia is a sheet of connective tissue that is found beneath the skin that attaches, stabilizes, encloses, and separates muscles and other internal organs. Everyone has fascia, as it is part of how the human body is composed. Fascia is organized by layer, and can also be classified by location or function in the body. While abdominal fascia is quite a simple part of how the human body is made up, there are other implications and involvements that abdominal fascia is a part of.

## Research

In a 2016 study, abdominal superficial fascia was collected from both male and female cadavers. The elastic, collagen, and hydroxyproline components were sampled and then studied. It was found that the elastic, collagen, and hydroxyproline components were higher in upper abdomen regions compared to lower abdomen regions. This could be a reason as to why bulging of the abdomen and skin sagging occurs more in the lower regions of people, compared to the upper regions. This study that was conducted could lead to further discussions and studies in finding ways to manage obesity.
In a study from January 2011, Mechanical properties of abdominal human fascia were studied according to the direction of loading and localization. Human umbilical (UF) and transversalis fascia (FT) have been studied to understand the differences in mechanical properties of the human body. The differences between the mechanical properties of both UF and FT were not significant according to localization; therefore, the mechanical properties of human abdominal fascia are not controlled by the localization.
Another study from 2018, showed differences in mechanical and structural properties of human fascia and their gender differences. While the study was done on fascia from the thighs, the results which were comparing the differences between males and females, can also be applied to understanding the abdominal area of males and females. Ultimately, it was found that the fascia lata at the lateral site was thicker and longitudinally directed fibers had higher rates of distribution compared to other sites.

## Further Findings

It can be involved in certain forms of breast reconstruction.
# Stealth War

Stealth War: How China Took Over While America's Elite Slept is a 2019 book by Robert Spalding about the United States' foreign relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC), the influence of the PRC in the United States, and the nature of the geo-political rivalry between the two countries. Spalding argues that the PRC is the greatest rival of the United States, why the country is a rival, strategies the PRC is using to undermine the United States, and policies the United States could implement to counter that rivalry. He also argues that the PRC has been conducting a covert aggressive campaign to undermine and eventually usurp American power since the 1990s. This includes a campaign against American values globally as enshrined in the Atlantic Charter such as support for democratic forms of government and human rights.
Spalding cites Unrestricted Warfare (1999) by then PRC colonels Qiao Liang (乔良) and Wang Xiangsui (王湘穗) as both evidence of and an outline for the PRC's long-term plan to undermine American power. He states that a critical part of the PRC's strategy has been to undermine the democratic institutions within the United States. The book outlines, and gives examples of, a number of American grievances with PRC policies such as:
* Intellectual property theft
* Chinese Communist Party infiltration of domestic society and institutions
* The erosion of domestic political and economic institutions
* Unfair and unequal trade practices
* Chinese espionage in the United States
* Foreign investment manipulation
* Debt trap diplomacy and the Belt and Road Initiative
Spalding argues that increasingly, with the advent of technologies such as 5G, one's existence within the internet will place one in this conflict regardless of individual choice; a technology conflict that the PRC has developed very strong capabilities in. Spalding states that over the past three decades the PRC has used these practices to expand its military, industrial and technological power whilst the United States has greatly reduced or outsourced its industrial base and lost much of its technological lead.
In 2022, he published War without rules: China's Playbook for Global Domination.
# What Don't Belong to Me

"What Don't Belong to Me" is a song by American singer Post Malone from his sixth studio album F-1 Trillion. It was sent to Italian radio station as the album's fourth single on September 12, 2024. The song was produced by Louis Bell and Charlie Handsome.

## Critical reception

Joseph Hudak of Rolling Stone called the song "a harmless slice of pop country that has more in common with Brett Young than Steve Young". Neil Z. Yeung of AllMusic wrote the song "digs into an even deeper emotional well, showcasing how much he's matured and shifted life priorities in such a short span." Meaghan Garvey of Pitchfork described the song as "perhaps left off his last record and gussied up with pedal steel." With respect to his style of country music of F-1 Trillion, Neil McCormick of The Telegraph remarked that Post Malone "proves genuinely good at this stuff, with a sharp lyrical wit and sweet singing voice that rises to heights of soulful passion when needs be, notably on the disco flecked What Don't Belong to Me". Ammar Kalia of The Observer wrote that Malone's voice "shines through, dropping the post-production processing to [...] yearn on the soulful What Don't Belong to Me."

## Charts

Chart performance for "What Don't Belong to Me" :
| Chart (2024) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 38 |
| Global 200 (Billboard) | 87 |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 8 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 40 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 16 |
# 5th Corps (Turkey)

The 5th Corps (Turkish: 5. Kolordu) is a field corps of the Turkish Army under 1st Army. It is headquartered at Çorlu in Tekirdağ Province under command of Tevfik Algan. It was formed in 1911 during the Turkish War of Independence.

## Subunits

* 1st Armored Brigade
* 3rd Armored Brigade
* 54th Mechanized Infantry Brigade
* 55th Mechanized Infantry Brigade
* 65th Mechanized Infantry Brigade
* Corps Armored Cavalry Battalion
* 105th Artillery Regiment
# Esquerdinha (footballer, born January 1984)

Eduardo Souza Reis or simply Esquerdinha (born 9 January 1984, in Montanha) is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a midfielder.
# Rancho Calleguas

Rancho Calleguas was a 9,998-acre (40.46 km$^2$) Mexican land grant in present-day Ventura County, California given in 1837 by Governor Juan Alvarado to José Pedro Ruiz.
The grant was south of Rancho Las Posas, east of Rancho El Rio de Santa Clara o la Colonia, north of the Rancho Guadalasca, and west of Rancho El Conejo. It encompassed the Santa Rosa Valley and present-day Camarillo.

## History

José Pedro Ruiz (1776–1849) came to California with his father, Efigeno Ruiz, who was a soldier with the 1781 Rivera expedition. José Pedro Ruiz married María Ygnacia Lugo, and was granted Rancho Calleguas in 1837. José Pedro Ruiz died in 1849, and his son, José Gabriel Ruiz (1817–), inherited the rancho.
With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Calleguas was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to José Gabriel Ruiz et al. in 1866.
José Gabriel Ruiz sold the rancho to Juan Camarillo in 1876. Juan Camarillo (1812–1880) came to California with the Híjar-Padrés Colony in 1834. In 1857, Camarillo moved from Santa Barbara and opened a merchandise store in what is now Ventura. Successful in business, Juan Camarillo began to invest in land, including the purchase of Rancho Ojai in 1856.
Juan Camarillo died in 1880. He was survived by his wife, four daughters and two sons. Rancho Calleguas, was willed to his widow Martina (1826–1898). Martina willed her entire interest in Rancho Calleguas to her sons, Adolfo (1864–1958) and Juan, Jr. (1867–1936). Their sisters had received other properties on the father's death. It was Juan Camarillo's sons, Adolfo and Juan, who are credited with the founding of the town that was to bear their name.

## Historic sites of the Rancho

* Camarillo Ranch House. Queen Anne style house was built in 1892 by Adolfo Camarillo.
# Thuppakki (soundtrack)

Thuppakki is the soundtrack album, composed by Harris Jayaraj for the 2012 Indian film of the same name.

## Background

Thuppakki is Harris Jayaraj's third collaboration with director AR Murugadoss. The soundtrack album consists of seven tracks. The lyrics were written by Pa. Vijay, Na. Muthukumar, Viveka and Madhan Karky, who have written over 35 pallavis for one of the songs. Vijay, seven years after his last attempt at playback singing, and Andrea Jeremiah lent their voices for the track "Google Google", a party number. Though Harris Jayaraj had announced in August that Thuppakki's music launch would take place the following month, the audio was eventually released on 10 October 2012, at the Park Sheraton Hotel in Chennai.

## Reception

The album received generally positive reviews from critics. Sify wrote: "Overall, it is a classy and refreshing album". Pavithra Srinivasan of Rediff claimed that the music had "nothing new to offer" and that "except Google Google and the mildly melodious Poi Varavaa, the rest are all oft-heard, and seem a mish-mash of his (Jayaraj's) earlier tunes". Top10cinema stated, that each of the songs was "bursting out like a cannon shot". Behindwoods gave it 3.5 out of 5 stars and mentioned: "Overall it’s a good album with tracks that you can trust Vijay to add a lot of weight to with his dancing skills". Indiaglitz gave a 3.5 out of 5 star rating, but cited: "Lots of ammo getting packed, but needs to fire better".
# Quaternary compound

In chemistry, a quaternary compound is a compound consisting of exactly four chemical elements.
In another use of the term in organic chemistry, a quaternary compound is or has a cation consisting of a central positively charged atom with four substituents, especially organic (alkyl and aryl) groups, discounting hydrogen atoms.
The best-known quaternary compounds are quaternary ammonium salts, having a nitrogen atom at the center. For example, in the following reaction, the nitrogen atom is said to be quaternized as it has gone from 3 to 4 substituents:
    ${\ce {R3N + RCl -> R4N+Cl-}}$
Other examples include substituted phosphonium salts (R$_4$P$^+$), substituted arsonium salts (R$_4$As$^+$) like arsenobetaine, as well as some arsenic-containing superconductors. Substituted stibonium (R$_4$Sb$^+$) and bismuthonium salts (R$_4$Bi$^+$) have also been described.
# List of defunct airlines of the Gambia

This is a list of now defunct airlines from Gambia.
| Airline | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Commenced operations | Ceased operations | Notes |
| Aeolus Air | | AAZ | AEOLUS | 2012 | 2014 | Operated Airbus A320, Boeing 737, Embraer Legacy 600 |
| African Intercontinental Airways | OY | | | 1995 | 1996 | |
| Afrinat International Airlines | Q9 | AFN | AFRINAT | 2002 | 2004 | |
| Air Charter Africa | | ACE | | 2007 | 2009 | Established as Air Charter Express |
| Air Charter Express | | ACE | | 2007 | 2007 | Renamed to Air Charter Africa |
| Air Dabia | YM | DBG | | 1996 | 1998 | |
| Air Gambia | IV | AGS | ATLAS | 1990 | 1994 | Operated Boeing 707, Ilyushin Il-62 |
| Atlantic Airlines | 2N | AWA | | 1993 | 1996 | |
| Atlantic Express | | JLM | ATLANTIC GAMBIA | 2004 | 2006 | |
| Continental Wings | G9 | CWJ | CONTIWINGS | 2002 | 2002 | |
| Euro Atlantic Air | | | | 1993 | 1993 | |
| Express Tours | | | | 2002 | 2006 | |
| Gam-Air | BS | KBS | GAMAIR | 1987 | 1987 | |
| Gambcrest Enterprises | | | | 1990 | 1992 | Operated Convair 640 |
| Gambia Air Shuttle | GO | GSK | | 1987 | 1987 | Operated Vickers Viscount |
| Gambia Airways | CK | GAW | GEELINE | 1964 | 1996 | Operated NAMC YS-11 |
| Gambia Bird Airlines | 3G | GBQ | GAMBIA BIRD | 2012 | 2014 | |
| Gambia New Millenium Air | | NML | NEWMILL | 1999 | 2002 | |
| Intercontinental Airways | 5W | ICH | INTERCONTINENTAL | 2008 | 2009 | |
| Lennox Airlines Gambia | | GLN | | 1991 | 1992 | Formed by Kenya's Lennox Airways |
| Slok Air Gambia | SO | OKS | | 2004 | 2008 | Established as Slok Air International |
| Slok Air International | S0 | OKS | SLOK GAMBIA | 1996 | 2004 | Reformed as Slok Air Gambia |
| Slok Air International | SO | OKS | | 2008 | 2014 | Renamed from Slok Air Gambia |
| Su Airlines | | 52J | | 2021 | 2021 | Operated Airbus A320-200 |
| West African Link | 1W | WAZ | | 2004 | 2007 | |
# The Crunge

"The Crunge" is a song by the English rock band Led Zeppelin from their 1973 album Houses of the Holy. The song is a takeoff on James Brown's style of funk similar to the group's attempt at reggae with "D'yer Mak'er". It was also released as the B-side of "D'yer Mak'er" in the US.

## Composition and recording

The song evolved out of a jam session in the studio. John Bonham started the beat, John Paul Jones came in on bass, Jimmy Page played a funk guitar riff (and a chord sequence that he had been experimenting with since 1970), and Robert Plant started singing. For the recording, Page played a Fender Stratocaster guitar and it is possible to hear him depressing a whammy bar at the end of each phrase.
The song is primarily in 9/8, giving its distinctive, off-kilter rhythm. It has a relatively unique structure, comprising verses and a chorus but lacks a bridge or middle eight, common in most forms of Western popular music. Because of this, Plant asks where the bridge is by imploring in the final bars (and answers himself), culminating with "Have you seen the bridge?" "I ain't seen the bridge!" "Where's that confounded bridge?"

## Personnel

Personnel taken from album sleeve
* Robert Plant – vocals
* Jimmy Page – guitars
* John Paul Jones – bass guitar, synthesiser
* John Bonham – drums

## Reception

In a contemporary review for Houses of the Holy, Gordon Fletcher of Rolling Stone gave "The Crunge" a negative review, calling it a "naked imitation", along with "D'yer Mak'er", as well as "easily" one of the worst things the band has ever attempted.
Fletcher added, "[It] reproduces James Brown so faithfully that it's every bit as boring, repetitive and clichéd as 'Good Foot'. Yakety-yak guitar, boom-boom bass, astoundingly idiotic lyrics ('when she walks, she walks, and when she talks, she talks') — it's all there. So is Jones' synthesizer, spinning absolutely superfluous electronic fills."
# George Arthur Brethen

George Arthur Brethen (born August 29, 1877 in Norwood, Ontario, Canada-died January 31, 1968) was a Canadian politician and farmer. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a Member of the Progressive Party in the 1921 election to represent the riding of Peterborough East. He was defeated in the 1925 election in the riding of Hastings—Peterborough.
# Zijad Lugavić

Zijad Lugavić (born 15 October 1973) is a Bosnian politician serving as the 32nd mayor of Tuzla since December 2022. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party.
Lugavić was born in Tuzla in 1973. He graduated from the University of Tuzla. He worked in administrative bodies and in the real sector before becoming mayor of Tuzla.

## Early life and education

Lugavić was born on 15 October 1973 in Tuzla, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia. He graduated from the Faculty of Economics at the University of Tuzla in 2000. He obtained his master's degree from the Faculty of Economics in Tuzla in 2014, and the title of Doctor of Social Science in the field of economics in 2020.
Lugavić was part of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War in the 1990s. Following the war and his undergraduate studies, he worked in administrative bodies and as an interpreter in a number of international organizations, before moving to the real sector.

## Political career

Lugavić is a member of the Social Democratic Party. When Jasmin Imamović, long-time mayor of Tuzla, got elected to the national House of Representatives in the 2022 general election, he was forced to resign as mayor. Following his resignation, Lugavić, a close associate of Imamović, was unanimously elected as the acting mayor on 1 December 2022.
Early elections to elect a new mayor of Tuzla were held on 5 February 2023. In the election, Lugavić was elected with 47.77%, a plurality of the vote. In the 2024 municipal elections, he was re-elected as mayor in a landslide, obtaining 75.38% of the vote.

## Personal life

Lugavić is married and has two children. He lives with his family in Tuzla.
# Luís Santos (water polo)

Luis Maurício Capelache dos Santos (born August 7, 1980 in Santos) is a male water polo player from Brazil, who plays as a goalkeeper. He competed for his native country at the 2007 Pan American Games, where he claimed the silver medal with the Brazil men's national water polo team.
# Evandro Paulista

Evandro Silva do Nascimento, known as Evandro Paulista (born 26 September 1987), is a Brazilian footballer who play as a forward.

## Club career
### FC Seoul

On 4 January 2018, Evandro joined the K League 1 side FC Seoul.
On 19 February 2019, Officially Evandro's contract with FC Seoul was terminated by mutual consent.

## Career statistics

    As of 24 December 2023
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | State League | State League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Belenenses | 2007–08 | Primeira Liga | 5 | 1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 1 |
| Belenenses | 2008–09 | Primeira Liga | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Belenenses | Total | Total | 6 | 1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 9 | 1 |
| União São João | 2010 | — | — | — | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 1 |
| Gama | 2010 | Série C | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| São Carlos | 2011 | — | — | — | 19 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19 | 9 |
| Tupi | 2012 | — | — | — | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 |
| Al-Jahra | 2012–13 | Kuwaiti Premier League | | 5 | — | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | — | | 5 |
| Aparecidense | 2014 | — | — | — | 11 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 4 |
| Vila Nova | 2014 | Série B | 6 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Anapolina | 2014 | Série D | 5 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Oita Trinita | 2015 | J2 League | 22 | 3 | — | — | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 25 | 3 |
| FC Gifu | 2016 | J2 League | 23 | 5 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 23 | 5 |
| Daegu FC | 2017 | K League 1 | 29 | 11 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30 | 12 |
| FC Seoul | 2018 | K League 1 | 30 | 3 | — | — | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 | 34 | 3 |
| Sichuan Longfor | 2019 | China League One | 4 | 1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 |
| Sukhothai | 2020–21 | Thai League 1 | 7 | 3 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 |
| Chiangmai United | 2020–21 | Thai League 2 | 15 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15 | 4 |
| Police Tero | 2021–22 | Thai League 1 | 22 | 6 | — | — | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 27 | 8 |
| Nakhon Si United | 2022–23 | Thai League 2 | 30 | 12 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30 | 12 |
| Trat | 2023–24 | Thai League 1 | 13 | 4 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 13 | 4 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 214 | 58 | 38 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 268 | 75 |
# Weidner Memorial Senior Secondary School

Weidner Memorial Senior Secondary School' is a school in Lalbagh, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India. It was established in 1975 in memory of Monseigneur John Weidner SAC, Bishop of Raipur. Weidner Memorial Senior Secondary School is an unaided English Medium co-educational school administrated by a Catholic Christian Minority Society, Shiksha Prachar Avum Prasar Samithi, which belongs to the Archdiocese of Raipur.