OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Magdalena González Sánchez

María Magdalena González Sánchez (born May 8, 1974) is a Mexican astrophysicist, nuclear physicist, researcher, and professor best known for her contributions in gamma ray research and for being the head of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Experiment (HAWC). She has published 90 articles about her field of study in indexed journals. In 2015 she received the Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Recognition from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

## Biography

Dr. González obtained a licentiate in physics at the UNAM Faculty of Sciences within the area of nuclear physics. She earned her PhD in physics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the area of high-energy astrophysics while working at the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Neutron Science and Technology Group. She had a postdoctoral residency at the UNAM Institute of Astronomy [es], where she is currently a senior researcher.
She is the initiator and collaborator on the HAWC gamma ray observatory, located on the Sierra Negra volcano in Puebla, Mexico. She was also a collaborator and participated in the discoveries of the Milagro Experiment.
Part of her research is dedicated to the study of gamma-ray bursts with satellite observatories. The most important result of her work in this area is the discovery of a type of MeV energy emission that has been confirmed by the Fermi Telescope.
Her current lines of research are: study of high-energy emissions from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), study of Centaurus A as a possible accelerator of ultra-energetic cosmic rays, high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics with the HAWC and Milagro observatories, and installation of high-altitude Atmospheric Cherenkov detectors.
Her working group at the Institute of Astronomy comprises postdoctoral students and students of other academic levels, as well as academic technicians participating in the HAWC project.

## Scientific contributions

As initiator and collaborator on the HAWC observatory, Magdalena González was involved in the discovery of a new pulsar next to the Crab Nebula. This discovery provided information valuable in solving the problem of the excess of cosmic positrons that reach the Earth (cosmic rays).
She also participated in the first observation of the fusion of a pair of neutron stars, which was detected by gravitational waves and in several electromagnetic wavelengths.

## Awards and recognitions

* 2011: American Physical Society International Research Travel Award
* 2011: Elsevier Foundation Award to Young Scientists in Physics and Mathematics for the Latin America and Caribbean Region
* 2015: Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Recognition, UNAM
# Jacques Haller

Jacques Edmond Haller (3 March 1897 – 19 December 1961) was a Belgian rower who won two bronze medals at the European championships of 1920–1921. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics in the single scull event, but failed to reach the final.
# James Veitch (rugby union)

James Veitch (1862-1917) was a Scotland international rugby union player.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

He played for Royal HSFP.

### Provincial career

He played for Edinburgh District in the 1883 inter-city match.
He played for East of Scotland District in the 30 January 1886 match against West of Scotland District.

### International career

He was capped 8 times for Scotland in the period 1882 to 1886.

## Family

He was born to Agnes Pringle and Andrew Veitch.
# Włoszczowa County

Włoszczowa County (Polish: powiat włoszczowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Włoszczowa, which lies 46 kilometres (29 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.
The county covers an area of 906.38 square kilometres (350.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 45,137, out of which the population of Włoszczowa is 9,985, and the rural population is 35,152.

## Neighbouring counties

Włoszczowa County is bordered by Końskie County to the north-east, Kielce County to the east, Jędrzejów County to the south-east, Zawiercie County to the south-west, and Częstochowa County and Radomsko County to the west.

## Administrative division

The county is subdivided into six gminas (one urban-rural and five rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.
| Gmina | Type | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2019) | Seat |
| Gmina Włoszczowa | urban-rural | 253.7 | 19,370 | Włoszczowa |
| Gmina Krasocin | rural | 193.9 | 10,608 | Krasocin |
| Gmina Kluczewsko | rural | 137.1 | 5,171 | Kluczewsko |
| Gmina Secemin | rural | 164.1 | 4,811 | Secemin |
| Gmina Moskorzew | rural | 71.3 | 2,677 | Moskorzew |
| Gmina Radków | rural | 86.3 | 2,500 | Radków |
# Reconstructor

Reconstructor is a program that allows anyone to customize an ISO image of Ubuntu or its variants (Kubuntu, Xubuntu). The website is no longer functioning.

## Features

* Ability to add software to the new compilation
* Ability to enable all the repositories and add custom ones
# Anna S. Rickey

Anna Smith Rickey Roberts (December 23, 1827-August 10, 1858) was an American poet.
Anna S. Rickey was born in Philadelphia, the daughter of surveyor and architect Randal Hutchinson Rickey and his second wife, Susanna McAuley. In 1837, the family moved to Cincinnati. In 1851, she married Solomon White Roberts, vice-president of the North Pennsylvania Railroad. They had five children.
She published her poems in magazines and in 1851 published a collection of them called Forest Flowers of the West. The frontispiece was an engraving of her portrait by Thomas Buchanan Read.
# Watlington Park

51°37′38.5″N 0°58′51.6″W﻿ / ﻿51.627361°N 0.981000°W﻿ / 51.627361; -0.981000
Watlington Park is an English country house with its surrounding grounds of approximately 500 acres (200 ha), located atop an escarpment in the Chiltern Hills, approximately 0.5 miles (0.80 km) southwest of Christmas Common and 1.4 miles (2.3 km) southeast of Watlington, Oxfordshire.

## History

The park was created in the 13th century by Richard of Cornwall. The estate formed part of a royal park until 1632, when Charles I sold the land to William Stonor of the nearby Stonor Park in order to raise funds for his government. Around the middle of the 18th century it was sold to John Tilson, who built the mansion which essentially still exists today.
In the late 19th century, Watlington Park exchanged hands multiple times, until Oliver Brett, 3rd Viscount Esher, bought it in 1920, renovating and extending the house. His son, the architect and city planner Lionel Brett, 4th Viscount Esher, inherited the property upon his father's death in 1963, pared down the property to its earlier design removing much of the 19th and 20th century additions, and lived as well as ran his architectural practice together with Francis Pollen from there.
The house became Grade II* listed on 18 July 1963, meaning it is considered a "particularly important building of more than special interest".
Some time in the 1960s, Lionel Brett gave the house to his eldest son, and built a new house of his own, somewhat unusual design, named The Tower, on the grounds of the estate, as a country residence for himself and his wife.
In several instalments during the 20th century, large parts of the estate were donated to or otherwise placed under the administration of the National Trust, including the adjoining Watlington Hill. In 1941, the Esher family donated a large portion of the park to the National Trust. Then, in 1946, the family donated Greenfield Copse, Lower Deans and Howe Wood to the National Trust. In 1974, they gave a larch plantation to the National Trust. In the 1990s, the National Trust bought the remainder of Watlington Hill. The hill is now under total administration by the National Trust.
The property stayed in the Brett (Viscounts Esher) family until 2003, just before the 4th Viscount's death, when it was sold for a rumoured £15 million to an undisclosed buyer.
# Charles Garzarella

Charles Garzarella (born 10 September 1964) is an Australian former weightlifter. He competed in the men's super heavyweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Björn Hendrickx

Björn Hendrickx (born 10 April 1974) is a Belgian rower. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Games Road

Games Road is a road in Cockfosters, London, that runs from Chalk Road in the east into Monken Hadley Common in the west. The road falls into the Monken Hadley Conservation Area.

## History and character

The road was originally part of an ancient bridleway that ran from Cockfosters to Monken Hadley. Gates halfway down Games Road mark the transition from public road to land that is part of the Common and Games Road continues westwards onto the common as a single track tarmacked way, the border of the Common being marked by white posts. The gates are grade II listed by Historic England.

## Buildings

Three cottages (1750) adjacent to the white gates are locally listed with the London Borough of Barnet.
Ludgrove Hall, a former private home, then a school, now flats, is located at the western end of Games Road on the south side.

## Pathways

In addition to pathways on the Common, the London Loop passes along Games Road.
# Mene rhombea

Mene rhombea is an extinct perciform fish belonging to the family Menidae. During the Middle Eocene (Lutetian epoch), about 48 to 40 mya, these fishes lived in the Tethys Ocean, a large tropical sea in the area corresponding to the current Mediterranean. This ocean was extended between the continents of Gondwana and Laurasia. At this time, where Monte Bolca is today, M. rhombea, and its relative, M. oblonga, lived in a tropical lagoon.

## Description

Mene rhombea had a laterally compressed body, very long and slim pelvic fins and a wide triangular tail fin. As suggested by their fossils' small, upturned mouths, and by comparison of its living relative, as Mene maculata, fishes of this species were planktivore. The species shows close affinities with contemporary species inhabiting the coral reef environment of the Indo-Pacific warm seas.

## Distribution

Their greatly valued fossils comes from the laggerstat Monte Bolca, about 30 kilometres north-east of Verona, Italy.

## Gallery

* Restoration of Mene rhombea
* Mene rhombea, from Monte Bolca, Verona, at the Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien
* Mene rhombea, from Bolca
* Mene rhombea specimen of the Lessini mountains in imprint and counterimpress
# Text-based email client

A text-based email client is an email client with its user interface being text-based, occupying a whole terminal screen. Other kind of email clients are GUI-based (cf. email client) or Web-based, see Webmail.
Text-based email clients may be useful for users with visual impairment or partial blindness allowing speech synthesis or text-to-speech software to read content to users. Text-based email clients also allow to manage communication via simple remote sessions, e. g. per SSH, for instance when it is not possible to install a local GUI-client and/or access mail via Web interface. Also users may prefer text-based user interfaces in general.
Typical features include:
* Editing various emails via tab support
* Configurable rendering of various MIME types, for instance OpenPGP encryption or HTML email
* Vim-style keybindings
* Support for multiple accounts and protocols, e. g. IMAP, Maildir, SMTP, and sendmail
* UTF-8 support

## List of text-based email clients

Notable clients include:
* aerc
* Cone
* Elm
* Emacs: Gnus, mu4e, rmail, Wanderlust
* Lumail
* mblaze
* meli
* Mutt
** NeoMutt
* pine
** alpine
* sup
* vim (using a plugin for himalaya)
Email software for the command line that does not occupy the whole screen (cf. TUI) include e. g. Cleancode eMail, CURL, himalaya, mail (Unix), mailx, MH, procmail, sendmail, and many others.
# Ekaterina Voronina (film)

Ekaterina Voronina (Russian: Екатерина Воронина) is a 1957 Soviet romantic drama film directed by Isidor Annensky.

## Plot

Katya Voronina, devoid of maternal upbringing, grew into an uncompromising girl. At the beginning of the war, she voluntarily went to work at the hospital. After the war, she received an education and became an engineer and the head of the river port, but she did not have a relationship with the head of the shipping company. And so, he is fired, and Katya realizes that he was her closest person.

## Cast

* Lyudmila Khityaeva as Ekaterina Voronina
* Sergey Bobrov as Voronin
* Vera Pashennaya as Grandmother
* Nadir Malishevsky as Lednyov
* Ariadna Shengelaya as Irina
* Vadim Medvedev as Mostovoy
* Mikhail Ulyanov as Sutyrin
* Nonna Mordyukova as Dusya Oshurkova
* Aleksandr Sashin-Nikolsky as Yevgeni Samojlovich
* Yury Puzyryov as Zhenya Kulagin
* Yury Kireev as Nikolay
* Ye. Kudryavtseva as Klara
* Ivan Kuznetsov as Maksim Petrovich
* Irina Murzaeva as Kaleria Ivanovna

## Release

Isidor Annensky's film was watched by 27.8 million Soviet viewers, which is 473 results for the entire history of Soviet cinematography.
# Frankie Jaxon

Frankie "Half-Pint" Jaxon, born Frank Devera Jackson (March 3, 1896 or 1897 – May 15, 1953), was an African American vaudeville singer, stage designer and comedian, popular in the 1920s and 1930s.

## Life and career

He was born in Montgomery, Alabama, orphaned, and raised in Kansas City, Missouri. His nickname of "Half Pint" referred to his 5'2" height. He started in show business around 1910 as a singer in Kansas City, before travelling extensively with medicine shows in Texas, and then touring the eastern seaboard. His feminine voice and outrageous manner, often as a female impersonator, established him as a crowd favorite. By 1917 he had begun working regularly in Atlantic City, New Jersey and in Chicago, often with such performers as Bessie Smith and Ethel Waters, whose staging he helped design.
He served slightly less than a year in the United States Army in 1918–1919 and rose to the rank of sergeant. In the late 1920s he sang with top jazz bands when they passed through Chicago, working with Bennie Moten, King Oliver, Freddie Keppard and others. He performed and recorded with the pianists Cow Cow Davenport, Tampa Red and "Georgia Tom" Dorsey, recording with the latter pair under the name of The Black Hillbillies. He also recorded with the Harlem Hamfats. In the 1930s, he was often on radio in the Chicago area, and led his own band, titled Frankie "Half Pint" Jaxon and His Quarts of Joy.
Jaxon appeared with Duke Ellington in a film short titled Black and Tan (1929), and with Bessie Smith in "St. Louis Blues" (1929). Cab Calloway's "Minnie the Moocher" (1931) is based both musically and lyrically on Jaxon's "Willie the Weeper" (1927).
In 1941 he retired from show business and worked at The Pentagon in Washington, D.C. He was transferred to Los Angeles. According to most sources, he died in the veterans hospital in 1944; Allmusic states he lived in Los Angeles until 1970. However, an application for a headstone as a military veteran, in the name of Frank Devera Jackson, has been suggested by writer Brian Berger as referring to him; it indicates that he died on May 15, 1953.

## Song lyric

"If this song's too hot," sang Frankie Jaxon in "Fan It", "go out and buy yourself a five cent fan."
# Fadama, Central African Republic

Fadama is a village located 3 km from Bakouma in Mbomou Prefecture, Central African Republic.

## History

FPRC burned around 40 houses in Fadama when they retreated from Bakouma in January 2019. In September 2022, the villagers sought refuge in a nearby bush due to the rumor of an attack in Bakouma.
CPC invaded Fadama in April 2024, causing the residents to flee from the village. An armed group clashed with FACA in Fadama on 9 October 2024. The government forces killed two rebels and injured the others.

## Education

There is a school in the village.
# Chris Fisher (athlete)

Christopher Fisher (born 2 October 1949) is an Australian middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 1500 metres at the 1972 Summer Olympics. Fisher also competed in the men's 800 metres and men's 1500 metres at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games.
# Sebastian Giustinian

Sebastian Giustinian (1460-1543) was a sixteenth-century Venetian diplomat.
Between 1515 and 1519, during the reign of Henry VIII of England, Giustinian was the Venetian ambassador to England.
# Jadavpur railway station

Jadavpur railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Station on the Main line. It is under the jurisdiction of the Sealdah railway division in the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It serves the local area of Jadavpur in Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## History

In 1862, the Eastern Bengal Railway constructed a 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)-wide broad-gauge railway from Sealdah to Sonarpur Junction via Jadavpur.

## Electrification

Electrification from Sealdah to Sonarpur Junction including Jadavpur was completed with 25 kV AC overhead system in 1965–66.

## Station complex

The platform is well sheltered. The station possesses many facilities including water and sanitation. It is well connected to the SH-1. There is a proper approach road to this station.
# Austrosaurus

Austrosaurus (/ˌɔːstroʊˈsɔːrəs/; lit. 'Southern lizard') was an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Allaru Formation, from the early Cretaceous (112-105 million years ago) of Central-Western Queensland in Australia.

## Discovery and species

The holotype, QM F2361 (consisting of three blocks containing primitive and badly weathered vertebrae and rib fragments, with a further 5 large blocks and at least 10 smaller ones later assigned to the holotype as well), was discovered by Mr. H.B. Wade on Clutha Station near Maxwelton in north Queensland in 1932, who alerted the station manager H. Mackillop, who showed his brother who sent them to the Queensland Museum. Austrosaurus was described by Heber Longman in 1933.

## Paleobiology

Originally it was thought that sauropods spent time near or in water to relieve weight from their legs. However, this theory is now rejected and it is believed that Austrosaurus like all sauropods lived on dry land. Fossil finds suggest a height of approximately 3.9 metres at the hip and 4.1 metres at the shoulder, which would have given it an almost level back. Gregory S. Paul estimated its body size at 20 metres (66 ft) in length and 16 metric tons (18 short tons) in body mass.

## Classification

Initially, Austrosaurus was considered a cetiosaurid, like Patagosaurus or Shunosaurus. Hocknull et al. (2009) described the new sauropod Wintonotitan from material that originally assigned to Austrosaurus by Coombs and Molnar in 1981. Hocknull suggested that Austrosaurus mckillopi differed only slightly from the QMF 7292, the holotype of Wintonotitan wattsii, and should be considered a nomen dubium. Poropat et al. (2017) reported additional sauropod material from the Austrosaurus type locality and assigned them to the Austrosaurus holotype, finding the genus to be a valid titanosauriform tentatively assignable to Somphospondyli.
# Jim Watt (rugby union)

James Michael Watt (5 July 1914 – 17 September 1988) was a New Zealand rugby union player and medical academic. He was New Zealand's first professor of paediatrics, appointed at the University of Otago in 1967.

## Early life and family

Born in Dunedin in 1914, Watt was the son of Mary Roberta Watt (née McCahon), an aunt of the artist Colin McCahon, and her husband Michael Herbert Watt, a general practitioner and later a public health administrator. He was educated at Wellesley College and then Wellington College, where he was the athletics champion, a member of the 1st XV rugby team and head prefect. After a year at Victoria University College, Watt studied medicine at the University of Otago, graduating MB ChB in 1937. While at university, he won the New Zealand universities 440 yards athletics title every year from 1934 to 1937. Following graduation, Watt worked at Wellington Hospital for two years as a house surgeon.

## Rugby union

A wing three-quarter, Watt represented Otago at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1936. He played two matches for the All Blacks that year, both of them tests against the touring Australian team. Also in 1936 he played for New Zealand Universities.

## World War II

Volunteering for military service, Watt was commissioned as a lieutenant in June 1939 and posted to the 2nd Field Ambulance, New Zealand Medical Corps. In 1940 he was the medical officer at the Waiouru Military Camp, and later that year he was sent overseas with the 3rd Echelon, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, and served for four years in North Africa and Italy. Mentioned in despatches, he returned to New Zealand in 1944.

## Medical career

In 1944, Watt became a general practitioner in Lower Hutt, and became interested in paediatrics. in 1948 he undertook postgraduate study at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, and gained a Diploma in Child Health and membership of the Royal College of Physicians. Returning to New Zealand, he was appointed head of the children's ward at Hutt Hospital, and in 1963 he became a visiting staff member at Wellington Hospital. In 1967, a paediatrics department was established at the University of Otago, and Watt was named as its inaugural professor, the first such position in New Zealand. He also served as a university representative on the Otago Hospital Board between 1973 and 1977. He retired from the university in 1977, having developed cardiovascular problems. He died in Auckland in 1988.
Watt was elected a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians in 1968, and a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians the following year.
# Sambhu Saha

Sambhu Saha (born 1 November 1925) was an Indian swimmer and water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Deinypena fulvida

Deinypena fulvida is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by William Jacob Holland in 1920. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Race and Ethnicity Equality Directive 2000

The Race Equality Directive 2000/43/EC is a legal act of the European Union, concerning European labour law. It implements the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic group. Since the Treaty of Amsterdam came into force in 1999, new EC laws, or Directives, have been enacted in the area of anti-discrimination, and this directive complements other directives on gender and age, disability, religion and sexual orientation (specifically the Equality Directive 2000).

## Overview

The principle rules laid down are as follows:
* Implements the principle of equal treatment between people irrespective of racial or ethnic origin.
* Gives protection against discrimination in employment and training, education, social protection (including social security and healthcare), social advantages, membership and involvement in organisations of workers and employers and access to goods and services, including housing.
* Contains definitions of direct and indirect discrimination and harassment and prohibits the instruction to discriminate and victimisation.
* Allows for positive action measures to be taken, in order to ensure full equality in practice.
* Gives victims of discrimination a right to make a complaint through a judicial or administrative procedure, associated with appropriate penalties for those who discriminate.
* Allows for limited exceptions to the principle of equal treatment, for example in cases where a difference in treatment on the ground of race or ethnic origin constitutes a genuine occupational requirement.
* Shares the burden of proof between the complainant and the respondent in civil and administrative cases, so that once an alleged victim establishes facts from which it may be presumed that there has been discrimination, it is for the respondent to prove that there has been no breach of the equal treatment principle.
* Provides for the establishment in each Member State of an organisation to promote equal treatment and provide independent assistance to victims of racial discrimination.