OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phuntsog self-immolation incident

The Phuntsog self-immolation incident (Chinese: 彭措自焚事件) occurred when a Tibetan Buddhist monk by the name of Rigzin Phuntsog self-immolated on March 16, 2011 in Ngawa County, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan province, People's Republic of China. This was followed by another self-immolation incident on September 26, 2011. By March 2012, more than thirty other Tibetans had self-immolated as a protest against Chinese rule of Tibet.

## March incident
### Self-immolation

On March 16 afternoon, Rigzin Phuntsog (Chinese: 仁增彭措), a 16-year-old monk at Kirti monastery set himself on fire. He was sent to the hospital, but a group of monks hid him inside the monastery until after his death. After long hours of negotiations Phuntsog's mother finally took him to the hospital.

### Controversy over circumstances surrounding Phuntsog's death

The death of the monk is reported differently. Radio Free Asia and International Campaign for Tibet quoted local Tibetans who said the police put out the fire and then beat the monk to death. According to Time and accounts of people from the monastery, police and plain clothes officers turned up and extinguished the fire within 15 minutes and beat and kicked the monk. According to Xinhua News Agency the death was due to delayed treatment as the monks prevented Phuntsog from going to the hospital.
Phuntsog was reported to be 16 years old. Radio Free Asia gave a different name and age, saying the monk's name is Lobsang Phuntsog, aged 21. Other sources have also reported Phuntsog to be 24 years old.

### Aftermath

A demonstration protest took place near the scene of the incident with nearly 1,000 monks shouting slogans. In Dharamshala another demonstration took place with about 500 people present. Three monks were sentenced to prison for helping Phuntsog with the immolation; their sentences were 10, 11 and 13 years. One of the monks was Phuntsog's uncle.

## September incident
### Self-immolation

Two more monks, Lobsang Kalsang, aged 18, and Lobsang Konchok, aged 19, set themselves on fire on September 26. Lobsang Kalsang is the brother of Rigzin Phuntsog. Advocacy groups said the two monks called for religious freedom and shouted "Long live Dalai Lama" before self-immolation. The incident occurred at Kirti Monastery in the Ngawa region.

### Aftermath

Tibetan settlers in the Chandragiri area of Gajapati district launched a three-day-long protest against the actions of the Chinese towards Tibetans on October 19, 2011. Mass prayers and fasting were organized by different Tibetan local groups.
# Carl Wilson (swimmer)

Carl Wilson (born 31 May 1967) is an Australian swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Vitor Teixeira

Vitor Teixeira (born 22 January 1958) is a Brazilian equestrian. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics, the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Felipe Soares

Felipe Soares (born 22 July 1985), is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a left wingback for Danish fourth tier club FC Djursland.

## Biography

In December 2006 he was signed by Standard along with Frederico Burgel Xavier and Marcos Camozzato. Internacional received a combined R$909,954 transfer fee, half of them was paid for Soares. In August 2007 he was signed by Roeselare along with Serhiy Kovalenko and Gabriel N'Galula, all offered 2-year contract.
Felipe returned to Brazil in January 2009 and signed a 4-year contract for Brasa, a proxy for Energy Sports.
Felipe Soares signed a contract until 30 November for Fortaleza in March 2009. However, in August 2009 his contract was terminated and Felipe left for Mirassol in 1-year deal. Mirassol participated in 2009 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D and 2010 Campeonato Paulista. Mirassol was a partner of Energy Sports until 2010. He was released by Brasa in July 2010.
In January 2011 Felipe was signed by Rio Grande do Sul club, Internacional de de Santa Maria.
In March 2011 Felipe was signed by Nacional Futebol Clube of Amazon until the end of 2011 Campeonato Amazonense. In January 2012 Felipe was signed by Esportivo de Bento Gonçalves in 1+1⁄2-year deal.

## Honours

* Campeonato Gaúcho: 2004, 2005.
# William K. Sessions III

William Kenneth Sessions III (born February 9, 1947) is serving as a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Vermont and has served as the Vice Chair and eventually as Chair of the United States Sentencing Commission. He was confirmed on October 21, 2009 as Chair of the United States Sentencing Commission, and served until December 22, 2010.

## Education and career

Sessions was educated at Middlebury College where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1969. He earned a Juris Doctor in 1972 from the George Washington University Law School. Sessions served as a United States Army First Lieutenant. He was a law clerk for Judge Hilton Dier in Addison County District Court in 1973. He later worked for the Addison County Public Defender before entering private practice in 1978. He also worked as an adjunct professor at Vermont Law School from 1978 until 1995. In 1992 he managed the successful reelection campaign of Senator Patrick Leahy, who defeated Jim Douglas.

### Federal judicial service

Sessions was nominated by President Bill Clinton on June 30, 1995, to a seat vacated by Judge Fred I. Parker. He was confirmed by the Senate on August 11, 1995, and received his commission on August 14, 1995. Sessions served as chief judge from 2002 to 2010. He assumed senior status on June 15, 2014.

### Notable case

On September 12, 2007, Judge Sessions ruled in favor of the Sierra Club, the states of Vermont and New York, and other environmental groups in rejecting the auto industry’s attempt to block states from regulating emissions from cars. Sessions' ruling opens the doors for New York and Vermont to proceed with enacting the California Clean Car (Pavley) Standards, pending United States Environmental Protection Agency approval. These standards, adopted by California and at least 11 other states, aim to reduce emissions from cars by 30 percent when fully implemented in 2016. This precedent will likely have an important impact on similar cases pending in California and Rhode Island.

### U.S. Sentencing Commission

On April 20, 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Sessions to be Chair of the United States Sentencing Commission. Sessions' nomination languished with no full Senate vote for more than six months, with Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid contending that Senate Republicans had stalled Sessions' nomination in retaliation for the speed of Supreme Court Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor's confirmation process. Reid filed cloture on Sessions' nomination on October 20, 2009, and the Senate confirmed Sessions in a voice vote on October 21, 2009.
# Vallathol Museum

Vallathol Museum is a museum dedicated to Vallathol Narayana Menon, a poet in the Malayalam language and the founder of Kerala Kalamandalam. It is built on the banks of river Bharathapuzha at Vallathol Nagar in Cheruthuruthi, Thrissur District. The museum exhibits works, cultural contributions, achievements, writings and images of Vallathol Narayana Menon in his lifetime. The museum was the earlier residence of Vallathol Narayana Menon.
# Guacharaca

Guacharaca is a percussion instrument found in Colombia. It is a rasp named after a bird (ortalis guttata) whose call it is said to imitate.
It is usually made out of the cane-like trunk of a small palm tree. The guacharaca itself consists of a tube with ridges carved into its outer surface with part of its interior hollowed out, giving it the appearance of a tiny, notched canoe. It is played with a fork composed of hard wire fixed into a wooden handle. The guacharaquero (guacharaca player) scrapes the fork along the instrument's surface to create its characteristic scratching sound. A typical guacharaca is about as thick as a broomstick and as long as a violin. The guacharaca was invented by native American Indians from the Tairona culture in the region of la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia as an instrument to simulate the guacharaca (or Ortalis ruficauda) bird's singing. During the mid 20th century it was adopted by vallenato and cumbia musicians and today it is most often associated with these musical styles.
Guacharacas provide a steady rhythmic backbone for all varieties of vallenato and cumbia.
Playing the guacharaca requires rhythm, speed and coordination. The instrument is held in the non-dominant hand and rests on the shoulder, while the other hand moves the wire fork up and down to create a pattern. Thus, depending on the music the movement will change which can increase the difficulty in playing.
# Barkha (film)

Barkha (transl. Monsoon) is a 1959 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Krishnan–Panju and produced by A. V. Meiyappan. It is a remake of the Tamil film Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum (1958). The film stars Jagdeep and Nanda. It was a commercial success.

## Cast

* Jagdeep as Ajit
* Nanda as Parvati
* Shubha Khote as Madhu
* Leela Chitnis as Mrs. Haridas
* Anant Kumar as Dr. Manohar
* David as Zamindar Haridas
* Mukri as Shambu
* Ulhas as the inspector

## Production

Barkha was a remake of the Tamil film Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum, released in 1958. It was directed by the duo Krishnan–Panju, and produced by A. V. Meiyappan under AVM Productions. This film included a bullfight not present in the original. Lead actor Jagdeep was paid ₹750 (equivalent to ₹69,000 or US$820 in 2023) as a monthly salary, and lead actress Nanda was paid ₹15,000 (equivalent to ₹1.4 million or US$16,000 in 2023).

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Chitragupta. All songs of the film were written by Rajendra Krishan. The song "Ek Raat Mein Do Do Chand Khile" attained popularity.
| Song | Singer |
| "Barkha Bahar Aayi" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Poochhungi Ek Din" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Tadpaoge Tadpa Lo" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Oonche Parbat Gehre Sagar" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Ek Raat Mein Do Do Chand Khile" | Lata Mangeshkar, Mukesh |
| "Woh Door Jo Nadiya Behti Hai, Wahan Ek Albeli Rehti Hai" | Lata Mangeshkar, Mohammed Rafi |
| "Sur Badle Kaise Kaise Dekho" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "Pyar Kiya Nahin Jata" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "Aadmi Chirag Hai" | Mohammed Rafi |

## Reception

Barkha was commercially successful, grossing ₹35 lakh (equivalent to ₹31 crore or US$3.8 million in 2023) against a budget of ₹5 lakh (equivalent to ₹4.5 crore or US$540,000 in 2023), according to an estimate by Meiyappan's son Saravanan.
# Rogelio Ricardo Livieres Plano

Rogelio Ricardo Livieres Plano (30 August 1945 – 14 August 2015) was an Argentine prelate of the Catholic Church who was Bishop of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, from 2004 to 2014.

## Biography

Born in Corrientes, Argentina, on 30 August 1945, Rogelio Ricardo Livieres Plano attended Goethe and San José Colleges in Asunción. He joined Opus Dei as a numerary member in 1964. He then studied in Paraguay, Italy and Spain, earning a law degree at the Catholic University "Nuestra Señora de la Asunción", a theology degree at the International Roman College of the Holy Cross in Rome, a Master's in Administrative Law at the Complutense University of Madrid and a doctorate in canon law at the University of Navarra.
Livieres Plano was ordained to the priesthood on 15 August 1978 at the Shrine of Torreciudad, Spain. He was responsible for training numerary members of Opus Dei in Buenos Aires from 1978 to 1983. He was Vicar of the Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei in Buenos Aires and the surrounding area from 1983 to 1991. He taught moral theology in the Faculty of Law and Engineering of the Austral University of the Argentine Capital and, at the same time, Chaplain of the university students from 1991 to 2002. He then moved to the Archdiocese of Asunción where he was chaplain of the "Ykuá" University Center.
On 12 July 2004, Pope John Paul II appointed him Bishop of Ciudad del Este in Paraguay. He received his episcopal consecration on 3 October from Pastor Cuquejo, Archbishop of Asunción.
On 25 September 2014, when Livieres Plano was 69 years old, Pope Francis removed him as Bishop of Ciudad del Este and appointed Ricardo Jorge Valenzuela Rios, Bishop of Villarrica del Espíritu Santo, as apostolic administrator of the diocese.
On 29 July 2015, two bishops visited him in the hospital: Heinz Wilhelm Steckling, his successor in Ciudad del Este, and Edmundo Valenzuela, Archbishop of Asunción.
He died of liver disease and diabetes in a Buenos Aires hospital on 14 August 2015.
# Chwarel Ddu quarry

Chwarel Ddu quarry was the earliest slate quarry in the Lledr Valley. It was working before 1810, and continued in sporadic operation until the late 1920s. It is about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) west of Dolwyddelan, just beneath Dolwyddelan Castle.

## History

The quarry is believed to have opened between 1800 and 1805. In 1810, the quarry was successful enough that the Gwydir Estate, who owned the land on which the quarry sat, constructed a cart road from the quarry to the Holyhead Road at Conwy. This now forms part of the A470. Despite this early success, the quarry only operated for short periods over the next few decade. For several years in the late 1850s, it produced significant amounts of slate, up to 700 tones per year. At this time a stationary steam engine was used to haul rock up from the open pit. By 1888 it was once more closed.
There was an attempt to re-open the quarry during the 1920s, and an oil engine was installed to replace the steam engine. A small number of quarrymen were employed, but the quarry had shut again by the end of the decade.
Like several other early slate quarries, Chwarel Ddu had an internal tramway using wooden rails with iron strapping on their surface. Several of the iron running surfaces were discovered in the 1980s when the quarry site was being levelled to make way for road improvements.

## Geology

The quarry worked slate from the Nod Glas Formation which outcrops along the Conwy Valley. Through most of its length, the Nod Glas is black shale, but in the area around Dolwyddelan a syncline compressed the shales and it developed enough cleavage to be worked as slate.
# Wagner Cardoso

Wagner Francisco Cardoso (born 20 March 1989 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian sprinter specialising in the 400 metres. He finished seventh at the 2013 World Championships with the Brazilian 4 × 400 metres relay team.
His 400 metres personal best is 45.80, set in 2013.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Brazil ||||||
| 2006 | South American Youth Championships | Caracas, Venezuela | 4th | 400 m | 48.15 |
| 2006 | South American Youth Championships | Caracas, Venezuela | 1st | Medley relay | 1:53.67 |
| 2007 | South American Junior Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 1st | 4x400 m relay | 3:08.68 |
| 2008 | South American U23 Championships | Lima, Peru | 1st | 4x400m relay | 3:09.02 |
| 2010 | Ibero-American Championships | San Fernando, Spain | 13th (h) | 400 m | 47.50 |
| 2010 | Ibero-American Championships | San Fernando, Spain | 2nd | 4x400 m relay | 3:05.43 |
| 2011 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 1st | 4x400 m relay | 3:08.95 |
| 2013 | South American Championships | Cartagena, Colombia | 2nd | 400 m | 46.38 |
| 2013 | South American Championships | Cartagena, Colombia | 3rd | 4x400 m relay | 3:08.60 |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 7th | 4x400 m relay | 3:02.19 |
| 2014 | Ibero-American Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 2nd | 4x400 m relay | 3:02.80 |
| 2015 | IAAF World Relays | Nassau, Bahamas | 5th | 4x400 m relay | 3:00.96 |
| 2015 | World Championships | Beijing, China | 12th (h) | 4x400 m relay | 3:01.05 |
| 2016 | Ibero-American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | – | 4x400 m relay | DQ |
# Christophe Olol

Christophe Olol (born 30 August 1980) is a football goalkeeper from Guadeloupe.
He was part of the Guadeloupe national football team for the 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup. Olol made his debut for Guadeloupe in a friendly against Guyana on 4 May 2012. He made his other appearance for Guadeloupe in a 2012 Caribbean Cup qualifier against Martinique on 27 October 2012.
# United Front (disambiguation)

A united front is an alliance of groups against their common enemies.
The United Front may also refer to:

## Politics

* United Front (Afghanistan), the Northern Alliance, officially the United Islamic National Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan
* the United Front adopted by the Comintern in 1922
* Anguilla United Front
* United Front (East Pakistan)
* United Front of Mozambique
* United Front (Sri Lanka)

### India

* United Front (India, 1996)
* United Front (West Bengal), a political coalition in West Bengal
* United Front (1967–1969, Kerala), a political coalition in Kerala
* United Front (1970–1979, Kerala), a political coalition in Kerala

### China

* United front (China), a political strategy of the Chinese Communist Party involving networks of groups and individuals
** United Front Work Department, a Chinese Communist Party department for relations with non-communist entities
** United front in Hong Kong, a strategy used by China to attain greater control over Hong Kong
** United front in Taiwan, a strategy used by China to achieve dominance over Taiwan
* First United Front (1924–27), an alliance between the nationalists and communists of China to end the Warlord Era
** Second United Front (1937–41), an alliance between the nationalists and communists of China against Japanese forces during the Second Sino-Japanese War

## Other uses

* "Einheitsfrontlied" (German for "United Front Song"), an anti-fascist song written to unite social democrats and communists against the Nazi party
* United Front: Brass Ecstasy at Newport, a 2011 album by Dave Douglas
* "United Front", a song by Arrested Development from Zingalamaduni
# Bolívar Films

Bolívar Films is a Venezuelan film production company headquartered in Caracas, which works on films, advertisements, post-production, and television. The Cine Archivo Bolívar Films is also one of the most important film archives in Venezuela.

## History

Bolívar Films began in 1939, with documentaries made by Luis Guillermo Villegas Blanco and Samuel Dembo. The first known productions were a series of documentaries under the title Estampas regionales. The company was consolidated in 1942, absorbing the companies Estudios Ávila and Cóndor Films, and setting up in the El Conde area of Caracas. It became registered on 14 October 1943.
As well as government funding, Bolívar Films benefited from the first advertising boom in Venezuela, signing a contract with ARS Publicidad in 1944 to produce advertising shorts for cinema release.
By 1946, the production company had its own building in eastern Caracas, was expanding and renovating its equipment to undertake the production of feature films, and could provide technical services to other producers. In addition, it produced the country's first weekly newscast with government commissions and advertising reporting.
Between 1946 and 1947, Villegas Blanco planned to shoot fictional feature films for commercial theaters, inspired by the model of Argentine and Mexican cinema. He hired technical and artistic personnel in these countries, trained Venezuelan personnel, bought new equipment, built a filming studio, and sought out - albeit with little success - national and Latin American distribution and exhibition contracts. The result of this was a variety of films, of varying prestige and quality, made by foreign directors: The Demon is an Angel (1949, Carlos Hugo Christensen), The Yacht Isabel Arrived This Afternoon (1950, Christensen), That's the Woman I Want (1950, Juan Carlos Thorry), Dawn of Life (1950, Fernando Cortés), Venezuela también canta (1951, Cortés), Six Months of Life (1951, Víctor Urruchúa), Green Territory (1952, Ariel Severino and Horacio Peterson), and Light in the High Plains (1953, Urruchúa). Distribution and exhibition problems made these films commercial failures, with the company continuing to run by producing documentaries, advertisements, and newscasts.
The films were more critically successful, with The Yacht Isabel... winning the Best Cinematography award at the 1951 Cannes Film Festival.

## Film Archive

The Cine Archivo Bolívar Films, holds six million feet of film in 35 mm format and over 20,000 film reels, and offers film transfer in various video formats (Betacam, MiniDV, XDCAM, and DVD).
# Anita Zagaria

Anita Zagaria (born 27 June 1954) is an Italian actress. She has appeared in more than eighty films and TV series since 1982.

## Selected filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 1985 | Zone Troopers | Dream girl |
| 1986 | The Professor | Anna |
| 1989 | Queen of Hearts | Rosa |
| 1993 | Flight of the Innocent | |
| 1995 | La scuola | |
| 1998 | The Legend of 1900 | |
| 2001 | Unfair Competition | |
| 2003 | Break Free | |
| 2003 | Under the Tuscan Sun | |
| 2006 | Notte prima degli esami | Massi's mother |
| 2009 | La fisica dell'acqua | |
TV :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1998 | Un medico in famiglia | Nilde Martini | |
| 2000 | Padre Pio: Miracle Man | | |
| 2006 | Butta la luna | | |
| 2020 | The Flight Attendant | Enrico's Nonna | Episode 8 |
# Jennifer Militello

Jennifer Militello is an American poet and professor. She is author of the award-winning memoir Knock Wood which appeared from Dzanc Books in 2019, and five collections of poetry including The Pact, Tupelo Press, 2021. Her first full-length collection of poetry, Flinch of Song, was published in 2009 by Tupelo Press, and won the Tupelo Press/Crazyhorse First Book Prize.
Her second collection, Body Thesaurus, was named a finalist for the Poetry Society of America's Alice Fay di Castagnola Award by Marilyn Hacker in 2010. Her third book A Camouflage of Specimens and Garments was a finalist for the Eric Hoffer Book Award and the Sheila Margaret Motton Prize. Her chapbook Anchor Chain, Open Sail appeared from Finishing Line Press in 2006.
Militello was named the Poet Laureate of New Hampshire in 2024.

## Life

Militello was born in New York City and raised in Rhode Island. She has taught at Brown University, the Rhode Island School of Design, and the University of Massachusetts Lowell. She is currently teaching in the MFA program at New England College, and living in Goffstown, New Hampshire.
Her poetry can be found in literary journals and magazines including AGNI, American Poetry Review, The Kenyon Review, The New Republic, The North American Review, The Paris Review, Poetry, Tin House, The Virginia Quarterly Review, Boston Review and in anthologies including Best New Poets (University of Virginia Press).

## Awards

Militello's honors include grants and fellowships from the New Hampshire State Council on the Arts, the Barbara Deming Memorial Fund, Writers at Work, and the Millay Colony for the Arts. She is a Ruskin Art Club Poetry Award recipient and five-time Pushcart Prize nominee.

## Works

* Flinch of Song, Tupelo Press; November 1, 2009, ISBN 1932195769
* Body Thesaurus, Tupelo Press, May 31, 2013, ISBN 978-1936797288
* A Camouflage of Specimens and Garments, Tupelo Press, May 1, 2016, ISBN 978-1-936797-75-2
* Knock Wood, Dzanc Books, August 29, 2019, ISBN 978-1-945814-96-9