OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Monte Stella (Cilento)

Monte Stella is a mountain the Lucan Subappennines, with an elevation of 1,131 m, located in Cilento, Campania, southern Italy.

## Geography

At his slopes there are located the villages of Omignano, Stella Cilento, Serramezzana, Sessa Cilento, San Mauro Cilento, Pollica, San Mango Cilento, Perdifumo, Castellabate, Montecorice, Lustra and Rutino.
On the summit is located a radar station and the "Madonna del Monte Stella" church.

## History

On the top of the Stella mountain it has been identified a prehistoric megalithic center which dates back to at least the 3rd millennium BC., as suggested the discovery of a flint knife in the Serramezzana district.

## Pictures

* The church from the front
* Inside the church
# USAV CW3 Harold C. Clinger

USAV CW3 Harold C. Clinger (LSV-2) is a General Frank S. Besson Jr.-class roll-on/roll-off of US Army.

## Design

Named in honor of Gen. Frank S. Besson Jr., former Chief of Transportation, U.S. Army, these ships have bow and stern ramps and the ability to beach themselves, giving them the ability to discharge 900 short tons of vehicles and cargo over the shore in as little as four feet of water, or 2,000 short tons as an intra-theater line haul roll-on/roll-off cargo ship. The vessel's cargo deck is designed to handle any vehicle in the US Army inventory and can carry up to 15 M1 Abrams main battle tanks or 82 ISO standard containers.

## Construction and career

She was acquired by the US Army on 21 June 2006 and commissioned in 1988 into the 489th Transportation Detachment, United States Army Reserve.
She is named after US Army Chief Warrant Officer 3 Harold C. "Spike" Clinger.

## Gallery

* USAV CW3 Harold C. Clinger on 18 October 1998
* USAV CW3 Harold C. Clinger during RIMPAC 2014
# Mefail Shehu

Mefail Shehu, also known as Mefaili i Madh or Mefail Zajazi (1898 – November 1945), was a Balli Kombëtar military commander and leader of the Kicevo region during World War II. He was a close associate of Xhem Hasa.

## Biography
### Early life

Mefail Shehu was born in Zajas in 1898. His ideology of Albanian nationalism was formed during his adolescence. As a child, Shehu witnessed the terror of the Serbian royalists under King Alexander where 11 Albanian populated villages in the east of Kicevo were razed.

### 1939 and onwards

Shehu was against the Italian occupation and in 1939 formed his own militia to fight against the fascists. On 19 April 1941, Kicevo was occupied by German forces. On 22 June 1941, Kicevo became a part of the new Albanian state under Germany. At this time, Mit'hat Frashëri published the Balli Kombëtar program around the new Albanian state. The Balli Kombëtar ideology greatly appealed to Shehu. Shehu formed the Balli Kombëtar in Kicevo and held many demonstrations to rally support. The people of Kicevo supported the Balli Kombëtar over the communists.
The Balli Kombëtar committee held a meeting in Zajas in 1942. Representatives of the Albanian tribes that attended the meeting elected Shehu as military commander of the region. Shehu transformed the bands of militia into a proper army. Shehu's battalion patrolled villages around Zajas while commander Mefail Mehmeti(Mefail i Vogel) and his battalion patrolled from Greshnica to Kicevo. Shehu's third elected commander, Begzat Vuli operated from Kicevo to Berikove. At that period, the Ballists successfully repelled the Yugoslav partisans. Shehu not only fought in Zajas but also in Skopje, Gostivar and Debar. While fighting away from Zajas, Shehu became associated with Xhem Hasa.
In October 1943, a general assembly was called in Zajas. It was decided that the chairman of the committee of the Balli Kombëtar will be Mefail Shehu, along with Mefail Mehmeti as vice chairman, Begzat Vuli as treasurer and Skender Presevo as under prefect.
As the Albanian partisans and Yugoslav partisans were on the rise and the Germans reducing its aid to the Balli Kombëtar, Shehu was gradually losing his territory to the partisans.

### Death

In November 1945, Mefail Shehu was killed in an ambush with his remaining soldiers by the partisans. He was referred to as a traitor by the pro-Yugoslavian Albanian Communists.
# Xanthomonas sacchari

Xanthomonas sacchari is a species of bacteria.
# Xanthomonas vasicola

Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum (Xvv) is a gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium which has a single polar flagellum. It is a plant pathogen, causing both bacterial leaf streak of maize (corn) and sugarcane gumming disease. One outbreak in eucalyptus has been reported. Under experimental conditions it can infect sorghum, oats and some grass species. It is not currently a quarantine pathogen in any country, but it has already spread outside its native range and is highly adaptable to different environments.
The means of dispersal are not yet confirmed. Similar Xanthomonas pathogens are spread via wind-blown water droplets, irrigation, agricultural machinery and movement of infected plants. There are no known insect vectors.
Like other members of the Xanthomonas genus, it forms yellow colonies when grown on agar and secretes abundant xanthan exopolysaccharides.

## Bacterial leaf streak of maize

Leaf streak of maize was first observed in South Africa in 1949. The disease was then observed in Argentina in 2010 and the USA in 2014. It is now widespread in the USA as well as being found in Brazil, Argentina, Madagascar, South Africa and Zimbabwe.
X. vasicola pv. vasculorum enters maize leaves through the stomata and colonises the intercellular spaces. Visible symptoms are long thin lesions that run parallel to the leaf vein and have wavy or jagged margins. Lesions can be yellow, orange or brown and expand over time. When held up to the sun lesions appear translucent with a yellow halo. In humid conditions polysaccharide ooze may be seen on leaves. It can be diagnosed via microscopy and culturing, or PCR.

## Sugarcane gumming disease

Sugarcane gumming disease was first reported in Puerto Rico the 1920s. As with corn, long thin leaf lesions are seen. They may be orange, yellow, brown, grey or white depending on the stage of infection. As the disease progresses the bacteria spreads to the stem via the vascular system. Secretion of exopolysaccharides leads to gumming and vascular ooze which blocks the flow of water and nutrients through the plant. This leads to wilting and if the stem is cut a thick ooze emerges.
# Bannu Airport

Bannu Airport (IATA: BNP, ICAO: OPBN) is a domestic airport located 6 nm (11 km) west of the city center of Bannu, in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
It was constructed to provide services to Bannu's population and neighbouring communities. It is not as large as other public sector airports of Pakistan.
The airport is not currently in operation except for emergency diversions. According to employees, no flights have taken here since about 2001.

## History

The Central Development Working Party (CDWP) approved to release 715 million PKR for the upgradation of the airport in 2018. There has been no follow up on this project.
# Andy Coan

Andrew B. Coan (March 4, 1958 – March 20, 2017) was an American freestyle swimmer.

## Biography

In 1975, at 17 years of age, while representing Pine Crest High School at an Amateur Athletic Union swimming meet, Coan broke Jim Montgomery's 12-day-old 100 metre freestyle world record.
Later that year, under the coaching of Jack Nelson, Coan won three gold medals at the 1975 FINA World Championships in Cali, Colombia. He won two as part of the United States 4 x 100 metre freestyle and 4 x 100 metre medley relay teams and won the third in the 100 metre individual freestyle event.
He continued his winning run at the 1975 United States National Swimming Championships, where he won a gold medal in the 100 yards freestyle event.
After graduating from Pine Crest in 1976, Coan attended the University of Tennessee on a swimming scholarship. Here, his dominance in freestyle swimming continued, as he won seven NCAA National Championships, winning the 50 and the 100 freestyle twice. He was also a member of four University of Tennessee 4 x 100 freestyle relay NCAA Championship teams, and won the 200 freestyle. Coan broke four American records while at University of Tennessee - the 50, 100, 200 and the 4x50 freestyle relay. In 1978, his sophomore year, he led the Tennessee Volunteers to the NCAA Championship and was named the university's Athlete of the Year. Coan later coached Pine Crest high school's rival team, Saint Andrews of Boca Raton working with Coach Sid Cassidy.
Coan did not participate in the 1980 Summer Olympics due to the boycott by United States to protest the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
Coan was inducted into Pine Crest High School's Athletic Hall of Fame.
Current athlete nephews of Andy are Matthew and Kyle Coan, both raised in Fort Lauderdale and coached by Jack Nelson while combining for 8 state championships while attending the Saint Thomas Aquinas High School. After upper school each respectively received athletic scholarship offers to attend the University of Florida receiving Letterman awards while training for distance freestyles.
Coan was temporarily paralyzed by Guillain–Barré syndrome in 2014–2015, and died from liver cancer on March 20, 2017, in Boca Raton, Florida.
# Pomiferin

Pomiferin is a prenylated isoflavone that can be found along with osajin in the fruits and female flowers of the osage orange tree (Maclura pomifera).
Pomiferin was identified and named in 1939 by Melville L. Wolfrom from Ohio State University. In 1941, Wolfram classified pomiferin as an isoflavone and in 1946 published the complete structure of pomiferin. In 2003, the crystal structure of pomiferin was reported by J. Marek.
In recent research pomiferin has demonstrated efficacy as an antioxidant, cardioprotectant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, PDE5 inhibitor, and cytotoxicity for several cancer cell lines.

## Research
### Repellent

Peterson and Fristad (2000) investigated folklore beliefs stating that osage orange fruit repelled insects. They concluded that pure pomiferin had little or no effect and that there must be another component of the Osage orange that repels insects.

### Antioxidant

Pomiferin has shown antioxidant activity via inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the reduction of free radicals, reactive oxygen species and other unstable molecules. Tsao and Yang (2003) reported that Pomiferin was found to be a strong antioxidant, comparable to the vitamins C and E and the synthetic antioxidant BHT.

### Cardioprotectant

Necas and Bartosíková (2007) reported that the chemical had potent cardioprotective effect on rat hearts subjected to ischemia and reperfusion injury. The mechanism for this protection may occur through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

### Antimicrobial

Mahmoud (1981) indicated that pomiferin exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and Salmonella gallinarum, as well as Mycobacterium smegmatis to a lesser extent.

### Antidiabetic

Bartosíková and Necas (2007), furthermore, conducted a biochemical examination showing antioxidative and antidiabetic effects of pomiferin.
Moon (2014) presented results of a study that evaluated the antidiabetic effect of osajin and pomiferin from the Osage orange in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pomiferin in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats resulted in significant hypoglycemic activity for 14 days following, by decreased the serum glucose and triglycerides while increasing serum insulin in those rats.

### PDE5 inhibitor

Ribaudo (2015) proposed pomiferin and osajin as potential lead compounds for the development, starting from natural scaffolds, of a new class of PDE-5A inhibitors with vasorelaxant properties to treat pulmonary hypertension and erectile dysfunction.

### Anti-cancer activity

Svasti (2005) observed that pomiferin induced apoptosis and differentiation in cholangiocarcinoma cell line HuCCA-1.
Son (2007) investigated the growth-inhibitory activity of pomiferin compared to SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid). Pomiferin exhibited cytotoxicity effects on six cancer cells lines: kidney (ACHN), lung (NCI-H23), prostate (PC-3), breast (MDA-MB-231), melanoma (LOX-IMVI), and colon (HCT-15).
# Italia und Germania

Italia und Germania (English: Italy and Germany) is an allegorical painting of the painter Friedrich Overbeck, finished in 1828. The painting shows two women inclining to each other, symbolizing the friendship between the two countries or cultures they represent: Italia and Germania. At that time, both Italy and Germany were cultural regions but not unified national states.
Overbeck painted it in the style of the Nazarenes. The original is displayed in the Neue Pinakothek in Munich, Germany.
The two women on the painting sit on a bench in front of a landscape. The left woman (Italia) has dark hair and wears a laurel wreath. The background shows a typically Italian landscape with rocky coast. On the right side the background contains a German city in gothic style, Germania is blond with a wreath of flowers. Both women sit close to each other, in amical inclination, holding hands.

## Historical-political context

At the time of the painting's creation, both "Italy" and "Germany" were merely cultural and geographic umbrella terms for politically fragmented regions in central and southern Europe divided into various principalities (cf. Deutscher Bund and Risorgimento), each of which was about half a century later became political entities in the nation-states of the Kingdom of Italy (1861) and the German Empire (1871) during the 1860s and 1870s.
# 2023 Aberto da República – Doubles

Mateus Alves and Gustavo Heide were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Alves partnered Gabriel Décamps but lost in the semifinals to Marcelo Demoliner and Rafael Matos. Heide partnered Gilbert Klier Júnior but retired from his first round match against Demoliner and Matos.
Nicolás Barrientos and André Göransson won the title after defeating Demoliner and Matos 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 4–6, [11–9] in the final.

## Seeds

* Marcelo Demoliner / Rafael Matos (final)
* Nicolás Barrientos / André Göransson (champions)
* Guido Andreozzi / Guillermo Durán (quarterfinals)
* Boris Arias / Federico Zeballos (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | M Demoliner R Matos | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | G Heide Gilbert Klier Júnior | 0$^r$ | | | 1 | M Demoliner R Matos | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Romboli M Zormann | 6 | 7$^8$ | | | F Romboli M Zormann | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Moreno de Alboran M Pucinelli de Almeida | 2 | 6$^6$ | | | | | | | 1 | M Demoliner R Matos | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| 3 | G Andreozzi G Durán | 7$^7$ | 7 | | | | | | | WC | M Alves G Décamps | 4 | 4 | | | | | |
| | JL Reis da Silva E Ribeiro | 6$^4$ | 5 | | 3 | G Andreozzi G Durán | 6$^4$ | 6 | [9] | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Huertas del Pino C Huertas del Pino | 5 | 4 | | WC | M Alves G Décamps | 7$^7$ | 3 | [11] | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | M Alves G Décamps | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | M Demoliner R Matos | 6$^3$ | 6 | [9] |
| | A Taylor B Tomic | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | N Barrientos A Göransson | 7$^7$ | 4 | [11] |
| | O Luz MÁ Reyes-Varela | 6 | 6 | | | O Luz MÁ Reyes-Varela | 6 | 2 | [11] | | | | | | | | | |
| | B Lock R Statham | 4 | 7 | [8] | 4 | B Arias F Zeballos | 3 | 6 | [13] | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | B Arias F Zeballos | 6 | 5 | [10] | | | | | | 4 | B Arias F Zeballos | 1 | 4 | | | | | |
| | I Carou TA Tirante | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | 2 | N Barrientos A Göransson | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| | FA Gómez LD Martínez | 6 | 6 | | | FA Gómez LD Martínez | 5 | 7$^7$ | [6] | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Margaroli S Rodríguez Taverna | 5 | 3 | | 2 | N Barrientos A Göransson | 7 | 6$^1$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | N Barrientos A Göransson | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Andrew Cayton

Andrew R. L. Cayton (May 9, 1954 – December 17, 2015) was a scholar of early American history. He taught at Harvard, Wellesley, Ball State, and, from 1990 to 2015, at Miami University (Ohio). In 2015 he was appointed Warner Woodring Chair in History at the Ohio State University. He has been the John Adams (Fulbright) Professor of American Studies at Leiden University in the Netherlands; a fellow of the Rockefeller Foundation Center at Bellagio, Italy; and a resident fellow at the Robert H. Smith International Center for Jefferson Studies in Monticello, Virginia; and was the 2012–2013 Frank H. Kenan Fellow at the National Humanities Center in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
He has received teaching awards from the Associated Student Government of Miami University, the College of Arts and Science of Miami University, and the Ohio Academy of History, and was a Distinguished Lecturer of the Organization of American Historians. Cayton was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on May 9, 1954, son of Robert Frank (a librarian at Marietta College) and Vivian (a high school teacher) Cayton. He was married to historian Mary Kupiec Cayton. They have two daughters, Elizabeth and Hannah. He died of cancer on December 17, 2015.
Cayton received his B.A. from the University of Virginia, and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Brown in 1981, working under the direction of Gordon Wood. Cayton has been called the "premier modern historian of the American Midwest" and is also well known for his work on British North America. In addition he was interested in Atlantic world history. In 2011–2012, he served as president for the Society of Historians of the Early American Republic (SHEAR) and in 2015 as president of the Ohio Academy of History. In 2013 he published Love at the Time of Revolution: Transatlantic Literary Radicalism and Historical Change, 1793-1818. Cayton wrote with Fred Anderson The Dominion of War: Empire and Liberty in North America, 1500-2000 (2005). He regularly reviewed books for The New York Times.
He edited, with Richard Sisson and Christian Zacher, The American Midwest: An Interpretive Encyclopedia; with Stuart Hobbs, The Center of a Great Empire”: The Ohio Country in the Early American Republic; with Susan E. Gray, The American Midwest: Essays on Regional History.

## Publications

* Love in the Time of Revolution, UNC Press, 2013.
* The Dominion of War: Empire and Liberty in North America, 1500-2000, with Fred Anderson, Viking, 2005.
(a History Book Club Selection, a Washington Post Best Book of 2005, and a 2005 Book of the Year in the Times Literary Supplement);
* Ohio: The History of a People, The Ohio State University Press, 2002.
* Contact Points: American Frontiers from the Mohawk Valley to the Mississippi, edited with Fredrika J. Teute, UNC Press, 1998.
* Frontier Indiana: A History of the Trans-Appalachian Frontier, Indiana University Press, 1998
* The Midwest and the Nation: Rethinking the History of an American Region, with Peter S. Onuf, Indiana University Press, 1990.
* The Frontier Republic: Ideology and Politics in the Ohio Country, 1780-1825, Kent State University Press, 1986.
# 1982–83 Celtic F.C. season

During the 1982–83 Scottish football season, Celtic competed in the Scottish Premier Division. Celtic entered the 1982-1983 season as League Champions. During the pre-season Celtic made only one signing bringing in full back Graeme Sinclair from Dumbarton

## Competitions
### Scottish Premier Division
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Dundee United (C) | 36 | 24 | 8 | 4 | 90 | 35 | +55 | 56 | Qualification for the European Cup first round |
| 2 | Celtic | 36 | 25 | 5 | 6 | 90 | 36 | +54 | 55 | Qualification for the UEFA Cup first round |
| 3 | Aberdeen | 36 | 25 | 5 | 6 | 76 | 25 | +51 | 55 | Qualification for the Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 4 | Rangers | 36 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 53 | 41 | +12 | 38 | Qualification for the Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 5 | St Mirren | 36 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 47 | 51 | −4 | 34 | Qualification for the UEFA Cup first round |

#### Matches
### European Cup
## Staff

Board of Directors :
| Position | Name |
| Chairman | Desmond White |
| Secretary | Desmond White |
| Directors | Thomas Devlin James Farrell Kevin Kelly Jack McGinn Christopher White |
Football Staff :
| Position | Name |
| Manager | Billy McNeill |
| Assistant manager | John Clark |
| Reserve Team Manager | Bobby Lennox |
| Trainer | Neil Mochan |
| Physio | Brian Scott |
| Masseur | Jimmy Steele |

## Transfers

Transfers In :
| Date | Name | From | Transfer Fee |
| July 1982 | Graeme Sinclair | Dumbarton F.C. | £60,000 |
| | | Total Transfer Fees | £60,000 |
Transfers Out :
| Date | Name | To | Transfer Fee |
| May 1982 | John Weir | Free Agent | Free Transfer |
| October 1982 | Mike Conroy | Hibernian F.C. | £40,000 |
| November 1982 | Willie Garner | Alloa Athletic F.C. | Free Transfer |
| | | Total Transfer Fees | £40,000 |
# Jecheon station

Jecheon station is a railway station in the city of Jecheon. It is on the Jungang Line and the Taebaek Line. This station is also served by all Chungbuk Line passenger services. Currently, passenger trains stop 56 weekdays and 58 holidays, and cargo transportation such as cement in Danyang and Yeongwol and coal in Taebaek accounts for a large proportion.

## History

* 1 September 1941: station opened on Gyeonggyeong Line
* 31 December 1955: Taebaek Line opened
* 31 December 1958: Chungbuk Line passenger service started
* 30 June 1973: tracks between Cheongnyangni and Jecheon are electrified
* 20 June 1974: tracks between Jecheon and Gohan are electrified
* December 1987: tracks between Jecheon and Dodam are electrified
* 1 November 1988: Saemaeul Express service started
* January 1, 2000: Changed to regional management station
* May 1, 2006: Stop handling digestibles
* 31 March 2011: electrified double track opened between Jecheon and Dodam
* November 1, 2014: ITX-Saemaul commences operation
* November 24, 2017: Transfer to temporary railway station
* May 29, 2020: Transfer to New Railway Station
* 5 January 2021: Korea Train Express service started