OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fadi

Fadi (also spelled Fahdi or Fadhi) is a given name meaning "redeemer or savior". Which is also commonly used in Arabic speaking countries or Middle eastern countries as a Christian name referring to Jesus as a “redeemer or savior”. Muslim Arabs have also picked up this name despite not believing in Jesus as the redeemer or savior of mankind. Fady and Fadey are similar names. Notable people with the name include:

## Given name

* Fadi Abboud (born 1955), Lebanese businessman and politician
* Fadi Afash (born 1974), Syrian footballer
* Fadee Andrawos (born 1981), Lebanese singer and actor of Palestinian origin
* Fadi Frem (born 1953), Lebanese politician
* Fadi Ghosn (born 1979), Lebanese footballer
* Fadi Hammadeh (born 1972), Syrian race car driver
* Fadi El Khatib (born 1979), Lebanese basketball player
* Fadi Makki, Lebanese businessman and politician

## Fictional characters

* Fadi, fictional character in the Robert Ludlum novel The Bourne Betrayal
# Michael Keohane

Michael Keohane is a paralympic athlete from the United States competing mainly in category T46 distance running events.
Michael ran the 1500m and 5000m at the 1996 Summer Paralympics, but it was at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney where he won his first and only medal, a bronze in the T46 marathon race.
# Im Chung-sik

Im Chung-sik (Korean: 임충식; Hanja: 任忠植; April 23, 1922 - December 9, 1974) also spelled translated Yim Chung Sik, was a South Korean general and politician. His service started during the Korean War. His Bon-gwan is Jangheung.

## Education

Im's graduated from the Korea Military Academy (1st alumni) in 1946. He graduated from the Republic of Korea Army Infantry School in 1949 and then after the Korean War graduated from the United States Army Field Artillery School in 1954. In 1956 Im graduated from the Republic of Korea Army College. He completed further post secondary education at the Korea National Defense University with a Bachelor of Public Administration in 1958 and a Master of Public Administration in 1966.

## Career

At the beginning of Korean War in 1950 Im was the head of the 18th regiment (lieutenant colonel) for the Republic of Korea Army (South Korea). He was promoted in 1952 to be division commander of the 7th Division. After the war in 1954 Im became division commander for the ROK Army 2nd Division.
In 1960 he moved to the ROK Army Headquarters and in 1962 became the commander of the ROK Army 5th Corps.
In 1963 he joined the ROK Department of Defense office and in 1965 was elevated to Army Deputy Chief of Staff
He served as Chairman of the ROK Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1967.04 ~ 1968.08 and then as ROK Minister of National Defense from August 1968-March 1970
Im was a Member of Parliament (The 8th and 9th National Assembly)

## Honors

* ROK Army: Taegeuk Order of Military Merit (1953)
* ROK Army: Ulchi Order of Military Merit
* ROK Army: Chungmu Order of Military Merit
* ROK Army: Hwarang Order of Military Merit
* US Army: Silver Star (1950)
* US Army: Legion of Merit (1953)
# Choi Jong-young

Choi Jong-young is a Judge from South Korea who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Korea from 25 September 1999 to 24 September 2005 and Chairman of National Election Commission of South Korea from 1997 to 1999.

## Personal life

He was born in the year 1939 in Gangneung, Gangwon Province. In 1965, he became Judge of District Court of Busan and became Judge of Seoul High Court in 1981. In 1992, he became Justice of the Supreme Court of Korea and retired in 2006 as 13th Chief Justice of Korea.
# CFS Mont Apica

Canadian Forces Station Mont Apica (CFS Mont Apica) was a radar station of the Pinetree Line, located in Mont-Apica, Quebec, Canada, during the Cold War. The station opened as RCAF Station Mont Apica in 1952 and had a staff of some 500 persons at its peak.
2452 AC&W squadron, a reserve unit from Quebec City, trained at Mont Apica until the squadron was disbanded in 1960.
Political and technological changes made the station redundant and it closed in 1990. No. 12 Radar Squadron, Mont Apica's lodger unit, was transferred to CFB Bagotville.
There was also a weather radar used by the military and later by the Meteorological Service of Canada. After the station's closure, it was transferred to the Lac Castor site of the Canadian weather radar network.
# Zbigniew Wóycicki

Zbigniew Czesław Wóycicki (June 1, 1902 – April 2, 1928) was a Polish military officer and skier.
Wóycicki was born in Zakopane. He was the leader of the national Olympic military patrol team at the 1924 and 1928 Winter Olympics. In 1924, when the Polish m.p. team was one of two which withdrew owing to bad weather conditions, he was the youngest participant. In 1928 he had the rank of a porucznik, and finished with his team seventh. He died in his hometown in the same year after the appendectomy.
Posthumously he was awarded the Silver Cross of Merit.
# Beekeeping in Mongolia

Beekeeping in Mongolia has a short history, with several species and subspecies of managed honey bees having been introduced in Mongolia since 1959. Introduced and managed species include the European dark bee, the Caucasian honey bee, the Russian Far East bee (Apis mellifera carpatica), and the "Haliun" bee that resulted from crossbreeding three geographically distinct honey bee species.

## History

Some historical records suggest that beekeeping in Mongolia occurred during the rule of Genghis Khan, although the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) is not native to Mongolia. Several records documented Genghis Khan's soldiers, and subsequent successor armies, consuming products such as honey and mead. During the rule of Ögedei Khan (1229-1241), a large fountain known as the Silver Tree, built by the French metalsmith Guillaume Boucher, and contained five "tubes" which distributed special drinks, one of which was honey-based.
In the modern era, Mongolia has developed apiculture as part of a strategy of intensifying its agrarian industry, beginning in 1959 with the relocation of 20 hives from Russia to Shaamar, Selenge. The Soviet Mongolian government began supporting local beekeeping and the bee-product industry in 1974 with the formation of the Bee Breeding Research Unit (BBRU). Despite the intensive development of beekeeping from 1965 to 1990, Mongolian apiculture was significantly weakened by the transition to a market economy after the Mongolian Revolution of 1990. It was largely revived in 2002.

## Statistics

According to the Mongolian Beekeeper Society, there are approximately 450 beekeepers who maintain 7,700 hives. However 9,900 hives are registered with various government entities. As of 2015, more than 200 tons of honey has been produced in Mongolia.
Mongolia is the least densely populated country in the world, meaning apiaries are up to 600 kilometres (370 mi) apart from one another. The lack of native honey bee population, as well as natural barriers to interaction, such as the Gobi Desert and the Altai Mountains, have resulted in significant isolation between populations of honeybees. One result of this is that the honey bee pathosphere in Mongolia is unique, compared to those in more densely settled areas. Diseases of the honey bee such as acute bee paralysis virus, Israeli acute paralysis virus, and Lake Sinai virus strain 2 that are common elsewhere are either rare or absent in Mongolian honey bees.

### Production

As of 2021, Mongolia harvested more than 300 tons of honey each year. More than 80% of domestic Mongolian honey comes from natural wildflowers, with the remaining 20% from crops such as rice and rapeseed.
Selenge Province, in the northeast of the country, has developed an organic wildflower honey industry, particularly in the Bayangol, Shaamar, and  Sükhbaatar districts that are at a high elevation. It is the hub of the Mongolian beekeeping industry.
# Cyro dos Anjos

Cyro Versiani dos Anjos (October 5, 1906 – August 4, 1994) was a Brazilian journalist, and writer.
He was born in Montes Claros, in the state of Minas Gerais. In 1923, he went to Belo Horizonte, where he studied law at Federal University of Minas Gerais and graduated in 1932. He died in Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, aged 87.
# Wayne Spitzer

Wayne Kyle Spitzer (born July 15, 1966) is an American author, illustrator, and low-budget horror filmmaker from Spokane, Washington, and founding editor of the publications Dark Horses: The Magazine of Weird Fiction, Black Sheep: Unique Tales of Terror and Wonder, and Mobius Blvd Magazine. He is the author of countless books, stories, and other works, including Flashback, The Ferryman Pentalogy (comprising Comes a Ferryman, The Tempter and the Taker, The Pierced Veil, Black Hole, White Fountain, and To the End of Ursathrax), X-Ray Rider and 7 Other Dark Rites of Passage, Legends of the Flashback: The Finished Saga, The Devil Drives a '66 and Other Stories, The Witch-Doctor Diaries and Other Dystopias, The Place and 10 Other Stories from the Region Between, as well as a film (Shadows in the Garden) and a screenplay (Algernon Blackwood’s The Willows). His work has appeared in MetaStellar—Speculative fiction and beyond, subTerrain Magazine: Strong Words for a Polite Nation and Columbia: The Magazine of Northwest History, among others. His recent fiction includes The War-torn Hills of Earth and The Wine-Dark Passage.
Spitzer was involved in Spokane's underground filmmaking scene from 1994 to 2005. His notable projects include Dead of Night, a Spokane-area (cable TV) broadcast venture, Don't Look Up, and a feature-length compilation, Monstersdotcom, including Shadows in the Garden and Last Stop Station.
Spitzer has taught creative writing at Corbin Art Center and Airway Heights Corrections Center. He holds a Master of Fine Arts degree in Writing from Eastern Washington University, a Bachelor of English from Gonzaga University, and an Associate in Applied Science degree in Television Production from Spokane Falls Community College.
# Chander Sain

Chander Sain is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 149 kilometres (93 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).
# Shingo Futamura

Shingo Futamura (April 3, 1938 -) is a rubber industry materials scientist noted for his concept of the deformation index.

## Education

Futamura completed his undergraduate Bachelor of Science degree at Waseda University in Japan. He earned a master's degree from the University of Michigan in 1968. He received his doctorate in polymer science from the University of Akron in 1975 under advisor Eberhard Meinecke.

## Career

By 1974, Futamura was appointed as a group leader of polymer physics at Firestone Central Research in Akron, Ohio. During a career spanning over 40 years, Futamura authored 25 scientific papers and 50 US patents. He worked for Nippon Zeon Co., Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, and Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company.
He is best known for proposing the concept of a deformation index to relate viscoelastic properties to real-world tire performance. The concept is used to select rubber compounds that minimize tire rolling resistance, and it is used in finite element analysis to simplify the calculation of energy loss and temperature distribution.

## Awards and recognition

* 1973 - Honorable Mention award for paper entitled "Solution SBR-Study in Copolymerization Dynaimcs", ACS Rubber Division Spring meeting
* 2014 - Melvin Mooney Distinguished Technology Award from the ACS Rubber Division
# Frédéric Demontfaucon

Frédéric Demontfaucon (born 24 December 1973) is a French judoka. He won a bronze Metal at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, Followed by winning the 2001 world Championships. He moved up from The -90 kg division to the -100 kg division around 2007.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Place | Weight class |
| 2007 | European Judo Championships | 3rd | Half heavyweight (100 kg) |
| 2004 | European Judo Championships | 5th | Middleweight (90 kg) |
| 2003 | European Judo Championships | 5th | Middleweight (90 kg) |
| 2001 | World Judo Championships | 1st | Middleweight (90 kg) |
| 2001 | European Judo Championships | 3rd | Middleweight (90 kg) |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | 3rd | Middleweight (90 kg) |
| 2000 | European Judo Championships | 5th | Middleweight (90 kg) |
| 1995 | World Judo Championships | 5th | Middleweight (86 kg) |
# Hamming space

In statistics and coding theory, a Hamming space is usually the set of all $2^{N}$ binary strings of length N, where different binary strings are considered to be adjacent when they differ only in one position. The total distance between any two binary strings is then the total number of positions at which the corresponding bits are different, called the Hamming distance. Hamming spaces are named after American mathematician Richard Hamming, who introduced the concept in 1950. They are used in the theory of coding signals and transmission.
More generally, a Hamming space can be defined over any alphabet (set) Q as the set of words of a fixed length N with letters from Q. If Q is a finite field, then a Hamming space over Q is an N-dimensional vector space over Q. In the typical, binary case, the field is thus GF(2) (also denoted by Z$_2$).
In coding theory, if Q has q elements, then any subset C (usually assumed of cardinality at least two) of the N-dimensional Hamming space over Q is called a q-ary code of length N; the elements of C are called codewords. In the case where C is a linear subspace of its Hamming space, it is called a linear code. A typical example of linear code is the Hamming code. Codes defined via a Hamming space necessarily have the same length for every codeword, so they are called block codes when it is necessary to distinguish them from variable-length codes that are defined by unique factorization on a monoid.
The Hamming distance endows a Hamming space with a metric, which is essential in defining basic notions of coding theory such as error detecting and error correcting codes.
Hamming spaces over non-field alphabets have also been considered, especially over finite rings (most notably over Z$_4$) giving rise to modules instead of vector spaces and ring-linear codes (identified with submodules) instead of linear codes. The typical metric used in this case the Lee distance. There exist a Gray isometry between $\mathbb {Z} _{2}^{2m}$ (i.e. GF(2$^{2m}$)) with the Hamming distance and $\mathbb {Z} _{4}^{m}$ (also denoted as GR(4,m)) with the Lee distance.
# GTLK

GTLK (Russian: Государственная транспортная лизинговая компания, ГТЛК; English: State Transport Leasing Company) is Russia's largest leasing company. Its offices are in Salekhard, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.
In April 2022, GTLK was added to the British government's and EU sanctions lists, in relation to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. GTLK accounts were blocked, restrictions were placed on the export and import transactions of the company and its subsidiaries, and a ban on access to EU ports was introduced against the group of ships under the control of the group. As a result, GTLK received a record loss of 55.8 billion rubles in 2022.
# Ben Higgins

Benjamin Edward Higgins (born March 23, 1989) is an American television personality, Podcaster and entrepreneur who starred on the 20th season of ABC's The Bachelor, after appearing on the 11th season of The Bachelorette.

## Early life

Higgins was born and raised in Warsaw, Indiana. He attended Indiana University Bloomington, where he received a degree in public affairs from the O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs in 2012. After graduating college, he worked as an account manager in Golden, Colorado.

## Television show appearances
### The Bachelorette

Higgins first appeared as a contestant in the ABC reality show The Bachelorette in 2015, as one of Kaitlyn Bristowe's suitors. He was eliminated by Bristowe after fantasy-suite dates and finished as the second runner-up.

### The Bachelor

Higgins was announced as the Bachelor on the Bachelor in Paradise After Show. The season concluded on March 14, 2016, in which 25-year-old flight attendant Lauren Bushnell was named the winner for this season and ultimately becoming Higgins' fiancée until they ended their engagement on May 15, 2017. Their breakup was the most-Googled celebrity breakup of 2017.

#### Ben & Lauren: Happily Ever After?

On October 11, 2016, Higgins and his fiancée Lauren Bushnell returned to television in the Freeform reality show Ben and Lauren, Happily Ever After? The show followed the couple's adjustment to regular life together after being engaged on The Bachelor. It aired for a single season before their breakup was announced on May 15, 2017.

### Bachelor Winter Games

In 2018, Higgins became a contestant on the ABC reality show The Bachelor Winter Games. He left the show early after not connecting with anyone romantically.

## Personal life

Higgins was engaged to Lauren Bushnell from November 2015 to May 2017.
Higgins began a relationship with Nashville resident Jessica Clarke in November 2018. They became engaged in March 2020 at Clarke's home in Nashville, after Higgins' initial proposal plans were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, and were married on November 13, 2021. They currently live in Denver, Colorado.

## Career

In 2017, Higgins and business partners Riley Fuller and Drew Scholl founded Generous Coffee, a Denver-based roasted-coffee business. The company said it planned to use its profits to support nonprofit organizations and other enterprises globally. Higgins also co-owns Middle Eastern restaurant Ash'Kara.
# John Rustgard

John Rustgard (21 October 1863 – 12 February 1950) was a Norwegian-American lawyer and politician who served as the 3rd Attorney General of the Alaska Territory as a member of the Republican party from 1920 to 1933. He remains the longest serving attorney general of Alaska to date.

## Early life

John Rustgard was born in Beitstad, Norway in 1863. He left Norway as a cabin boy on a clipper ship, and ended up settling in Minnesota. Rustgard attended school in Red Wing, Minnesota and earned a law degree from the University of Minnesota in 1890. Afterward, Rustgard worked in Minneapolis as a schoolteacher from 1890 to 1892 before practicing law from 1892 to 1900. He married Alice Jane Adeane in 1902 and stayed with her until her death in 1924 before remarrying with Josephine Michaelson.

## Political career

John Rustgard moved to Nome, Alaska in 1900, where he practiced law and became the City attorney for Nome for two terms until 1908. He also served a single term as Mayor of Nome from 1902 to 1904. Rustgard moved to Juneau in 1908 and served as the U.S. District Attorney in the First Judicial Division from 1910 to 1914 before returning to practice private law. In 1920, Rustgard was elected as the 3rd Attorney General of the Alaska Territory, a position to which he would get re-elected twice and serve until 1933 under three different Governors. Rustgard also ran in the Republican Primary for the office of Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from Alaska Territory's at-large district, but lost to James Wickersham. During his time in Alaska, Rustgard also became a miner on the Seward Peninsula.

## Later life and death

Following the end of his term as state Attorney General in 1933, Rustgard spent 18 months in Europe before retiring to Babson Park, Florida in 1936. Rustgard wrote a number of books, including: The problem of poverty (1936), Sharing the wealth (1937) and The bankruptcy of liberalism (1942). He also spent a great amount of time on the subject of sociology. Rustgard died at his home, Villa Sorgenfri, in Babson Park, Florida on 12 February 1950, he lies buried at Oaklawn Cemetery in Winter Haven, Florida.
# Deeping St James Priory

Deeping St James Priory was a priory in Deeping St James, Lincolnshire, England. It was a dependency of Thorney Abbey.

## History

In 1139 Baldwin Fitz Gilbert established the Benedictine Priory of Saint James at Deeping as a cell of Thorney Abbey. The endowment of the priory consisted of the two churches of Deeping, St James and St Guthlac. While Thorney Abbey appointed the priest and supervised the administration of the Priory, the church was still the parish church of the local villagers.
The cell was dissolved at the surrender of Thorney in 1539. The priory church remains as the Church of England parish church of Deeping St James and is a Grade I listed building.
On the south-east side of the churchyard was the priory tithe barn, which measured 90 feet by 20 feet, 6 inches internally. It has variously been described as 13th century, late 15th century, or 17th century. It was demolished in 1963.
There are no surface indications or remains of the monastic house.
The church contained an organ dating from 1902 by Abbot & Smith; a specification can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

## Priors of Deeping

The list of known names is incomplete:
* Jocelyn, occurs in the 12th century
* James Nassington, occurs 1299
* Thomas of Gosberkirk, occurs from 1329 to 1347
* John de Charteris, occurs 1358 and 1365
* William Lee, last prior.
# Jubel

Jubel or Jubël may refer to:

## Literature

* Jubel, a 1995 Norwegian novel by Lars Saabye Christensen

## Music

* "Jubel", several compositions by Carl Maria von Weber
* "Jubel" (song), by Klingande, 2013
* Jubël (duo), a Swedish band

## Other uses

* Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubël, a political party in Senegal
# Blomsholm

Blomsholm in Skee parish in Bohuslän, Sweden, is an area north of Strömstad where there are many ancient monuments from the Stone Age to the Middle Ages. Among other things, there are some of Sweden's largest stone circles and stone ships in the area. Unlike most other stone circles, the stone circle consists of an even number (10) of boulders around the centre stone. The diameter is 38 meters. The stone ship, meanwhile, is 41 meters long, 9 meters wide and consists of 49 stones. These have different heights, the stones amidships are one meter while the stones in the bow and stern are 4 meters high. Also 7 burial grounds from the Iron Age and the large mound Grönehög can be found here.

## Blomsholms Manor

Blomsholms manor, which was founded in 1625 by the North German nobleman Anders Blume, was first sold in 1628 and already in 1644, General Sven Ranck became the manor's fifth owner. A memorial stone from the 1660s over Sven Ranck and his wife Anna Bergengren is in the middle of the stone ship, even though they are not buried there.
At the beginning of the 18th century, the manor burned down and was replaced in 1710 by the buildings that still exist on the site. During Charles XII's war against Norway in 1718, the manor functioned as a field hospital because it was located on Galärvägen, the transport route that Charles XII used with the help of 800 soldiers to transport twelve ships (galleys) over land and via the lakes Strömsvattnet and Färingen to Ise Fjord. A local legend states that soldiers who died during the war are said to be buried in the stone ship.
Statarlängan, built in 1899, is today a restaurant and museum where one of the four apartments is decorated in the same way as it was when the last statesman lived here in 1938.
Blomsholm's estate has now been owned by GLG-fastigheter AB since 2012.

## Gallery

* A stone ship tomb at Blomsholm.

## Literature

* Jan Ottander: Blomsholm. 2000 år av händelser. Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götalands län, Göteborg 1999, (Länsstyrelsen Västra Götaland 20, ISSN 1403-168X).
* Jan Ottander: Blomsholm. 2000 years of settlement. (Länsstyrelsen Västra Götaland publication 1999:20, ISSN 1403-168X).
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