OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# CD46

CD46 complement regulatory protein also known as CD46 (cluster of differentiation 46) and Membrane Cofactor Protein is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD46 gene. CD46 is an inhibitory complement receptor.

## Gene

This gene is found in a cluster on chromosome 1q32 with other genes encoding structural components of the complement system. At least fourteen different transcript variants encoding fourteen different isoforms have been found for this gene.

## Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system.
The encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation (through cleavage) of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement.
The protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization.

## Clinical significance
### Measles infection

The encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), group B adenoviruses, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria.
The extracellular region of CD46 contains four short consensus repeats (SCR) of about 60 amino acids that fold into a compact beta-barrel domain surrounded by flexible loops. As has been demonstrated for CD46 with other ligands, the CD46 protein structure is believed to linearize upon binding HHV-6. While their precise interaction has not yet been determined, the second and third SCR domains have been demonstrated to be required for HHV-6 receptor binding and cellular entry. The heterotetramer gH/gL/gQ1/gQ2 complex of HHV-6 has been identified as a CD46 ligand.

### Medulloblastoma

Established medulloblastoma (a malignant brain tumor common in childhood) specimens express CD46, and that medulloblastoma specimens removed from patients had a high level of CD46 expression. Therefore, a vaccine made of the Edmonston strain of measles virus could treat the medulloblastoma. Such a vaccine has already been tested in a number of trials involving other tumor types which have a high expression of CD46, including one type of adult brain tumor.

### Prostate cancer

Recently, CD46 has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of both adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine types of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). YS5, a human full-length IgG1 with high specificity for CD46, was identified to have high binding affinity for prostate cancer tissue. YS5 has been developed into an antibody-drug conjugate, FOR46, which is currently in a phase I clinical trial (NCT03575819) for the treatment of mCRPC. Since then, a companion molecular imaging agent for CD46-targeted therapy has been developed.

### Inflammatory diseases

CD46 deficiency contributes to inflammation disorders.

## Interactions

CD46 has been shown to interact with CD9, CD151 and CD29.
# IHS

IHS may refer to:

## Religious

* Christogram IHS or ΙΗΣ, a monogram symbolizing Jesus Christ
* In hoc signo, used by Roman emperor Constantine the Great

## Organizations

* Indian Health Service, an operating division of the US Department of Health and Human Services
* Dictaphone company division for healthcare dictating applications
* IHS Markit, a data publishing company (Information Handling Services) that originated in 1959, and has since merged with Markit.

### Institutes

* Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies, an international institute
* Institute for Humane Studies, a US educational organization
* Institute for Humanist Studies, a think tank based in Washington, DC

### Societies

* Indiana Historical Society, a historical society in the US
* International Headache Society, organisation for professionals helping people affected by headache
* International Horn Society, organization dedicated to horn-players
* Ipswich Historical Society, in Ipswich, Massachusetts, US

### Schools

* Independence High School (Arizona), US
* Independence High School (San Jose, California)
* Irondequoit High School, Irondequoit, New York, US
* Irvine High School, Irvine, California, US
* Issaquah High School, Issaquah, Washington, US
* The Indian High School, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
* Interlake High School, Bellevue, Washington, US
* Ithaca High School, Ithaca, New York, US

## Technology

* Intensity, hue, saturation, in the HSL color space
* IBM HTTP Server, a web server
* Integrated Heat Spreader, a heat spreader that serves as an interface between a chip and a heat sink

## Other uses

* Integrated Household Survey, a survey comprising multiple surveys in the UK
* Ironclads: High Seas, a naval simulator computer game
# Lake Bato

Lake Bato is a freshwater lake and the 7th largest in the Philippines. It is located in the town of Bato, approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) southwest of Iriga City, Camarines Sur Province, southeastern Luzon, Philippines. It has extensive marshes and swamp forests. The lake drains into a tributary of the Bicol River which enters the sea near Naga City. Average depth is 8 metres (26 ft), and the bottom is muddy clay. The pH value is 6.1, the average dissolved oxygen 10 p.p.m., and the total hardness (SBY) 2.4.

## History

The lake was originally called Sadit na Ranow by natives living around the area and a small settlement called Caliligno was founded on its shores during pre-Spanish times; the early settlers thrived on the lake's rich resources and use it as a primary medium of travel. The settlement flourished on to become the present-day town of Bato, Camarines Sur and the lake came to be named after the town, which was established by a decree of the Superior Government (National Government) on February 15, 1758, when the Philippines was still under the Viceroyalty of New Spain.

## The Sinarapan

Lake Bato is part of the Rinconada (Bicol) Lakes System, which also includes Lake Buhi and Lake Baao-Bula. It is known that the Sinarapan (Mistichthys luzonensis), the world's smallest commercially harvested fish in the world, is also found in its waters. Sinarapan literally means "caught by sarap" in Buhi in this early historical context. However, the same fish is called tabios in Bato, Nabua, Baao and Bula, Camarines Sur. The etymology of tabios, however, is quite vague. The name is not found in the scientific literature unlike "Sinarapan". It is believed that Tabios is only used in the vernacular pertaining to the local fishery. At present, the Sinarapan is threatened by extinction due to over-fishing and other factors but efforts to conserve it are ongoing. Such is this specie's importance to the lake's ecosystem since it is endemic only to this region.

## Related Stories

In the year 1772, the people were discouraged to catch fish because many crocodiles inhabited the lake. The boats were seized and the boatman or sailors were eaten up. Many people gave up the fishing industry but with the tenacity of purpose and persistent effort, the fishermen did not lose hope but continued to fish and utilized the lake for their transportation and everyday living.
# Dobrska-Kolonia

Dobrska-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Raciąż, within Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Timothy Parsons

Timothy Parsons may refer to:
* Timothy Parsons (sailor) (born 1952), Hong Kong sailor
* Timothy R. Parsons (1932–2022), Canadian oceanographer
# Yehoshua Büchler

Robert Yehoshua Büchler (Hebrew: יהושע_ביכלר 1929–2009) was a Slovak-Israeli historian. In 1944, he was deported from Slovakia and survived Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps. He was the director of the Moreshet Archive [he] in Israel. Büchler was awarded the Order of Merit of the Free State of Thuringia.

## Works

* Büchler, Yehoshua Robert (1995). Topolčany: The Story of a Perished Ancient Community. Givat Haviva: Yad Yaari. OCLC 34310101.
# Sergiu Cojocari

Sergiu Cojocari (born 15 May 1988) is a Moldovan football player who currently is playing for Academia Chișinău.
Cojocari was called up to the senior Moldova national football team for friendlies against Malta and Andorra in March 2016.
# Balmaha

Balmaha (Gaelic: Baile Mo Thatha) is a village on the eastern shore of Loch Lomond in the council area of Stirling, Scotland.
The village is a popular tourist destination for picnickers and day trippers from Glasgow as well as walkers on the West Highland Way. The only road passing through the village is the B837. Boat trips leave from Balmaha for the town of Balloch and the village of Luss as well as nearby Inchcailloch Island.
Balmaha sits at the westerly foot of Conic Hill, and is roughly 30 kilometres (20 miles) along the West Highland Way if coming from Milngavie.

## Etymology

The name Balmaha derives from the Gaelic Bealach Mo-Cha, 'the pass of Saint Mo-Cha'. The pass referred to is now named The Pass of Balmaha, a narrow route between hills at the north end of the village, carrying the road north along Loch Lomond. The saint referred to is Kentigerna, patron saint of the parish who was revered especially on the nearby island of Inchcailloch ('Island of Nuns'). Mo-Cha is a 'hypocoristic' form of her name, a sort of devotional nickname, common in medieval Gaelic and Welsh use. She is also commemorated in a well in the hills above the village, St Maha's Well.

## Climate

Balmaha has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb). There is a Met Office weather station located at Arrochymore, around 1 km (5⁄8 mi) to the north.
Climate data for Arrochymore (30 m or 98 ft asl, averages 1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) | 7.7 (45.9) | 9.3 (48.7) | 12.2 (54.0) | 15.4 (59.7) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.2 (66.6) | 18.8 (65.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 13.0 (55.4) | 9.7 (49.5) | 7.4 (45.3) | 12.9 (55.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) | 1.5 (34.7) | 2.3 (36.1) | 4.0 (39.2) | 6.4 (43.5) | 9.1 (48.4) | 11.1 (52.0) | 10.6 (51.1) | 8.9 (48.0) | 6.2 (43.2) | 3.6 (38.5) | 1.4 (34.5) | 5.6 (42.1) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 211.7 (8.33) | 158.0 (6.22) | 149.9 (5.90) | 90.7 (3.57) | 84.5 (3.33) | 101.9 (4.01) | 121.2 (4.77) | 131.2 (5.17) | 143.2 (5.64) | 185.2 (7.29) | 181.7 (7.15) | 212.5 (8.37) | 1,771.7 (69.75) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 31.6 | 59.3 | 91.9 | 142.7 | 178.0 | 152.1 | 140.8 | 133.6 | 102.4 | 76.7 | 43.3 | 27.1 | 1,179.4 |
| Source: Met Office ||||||||||||||

## Facilities

The village previously had a visitor centre for the Queen Elizabeth Forest Park, currently defunct. It also has a restaurant and bed and breakfast, the Oak Tree Inn, a bar and a shop, as well as several smaller accommodation premises nearby due to its position on the West Highland Way and its popularity with daytrippers. It is also the home of St Mocha coffee shop and ice cream parlour.
The Macfarlane and Son Boatyard is found in Balmaha; the boatyard was established over 150 years ago by John Macfarlane and has been in the family ever since. The boatyard currently runs a ferry service over to Inch Cailloch and around the loch for visitors, as well as delivering the mail to inhabited islands.
Further along the road is Milarrochy Bay.
# Bernard Bloch (actor)

Bernard Bloch (born 11 December 1949) is a French actor and theatre director.

## Filmography

* 1972: Albert Einstein (TV): Un membre de l'académie d'Olympia
* 1974: The Story of Paul: L'harmonica
* 1980: Fernand: Fernand
* 1980: Le Cheval dans le béton (TV): Maury
* 1981: Allons z'enfants: Adjudant Viellard
* 1982: Les Prédateurs (TV): Anatole
* 1982: Enigma
* 1984: La Digue (TV): Le technicien
* 1985: Châteauvallon (série TV)
* 1986: Bleu comme l'enfer [fr]: Kovacs
* 1986: Fatherland: Journalist
* 1987: La fée carabine (TV): Cercaire
* 1989: Radio Corbeau: Louis Gerfaut
* 1989: Un français libre (The Free Frenchman): Col. Vivet
* 1989: L'Orchestre rouge [fr]: Jung
* 1990: Secret défense (Hidden Agenda): Henri
* 1991: Les Carnassiers (TV): Commissaire Lagorce
* 1991: Arthur Rimbaud - Une biographie: Ernest Delahaye
* 1991: Salut les coquins (TV): Lormont
* 1993: Paranoïa
* 1993: L'Affaire Seznec (TV): Le Her
* 1993: La Naissance de l'amour: Le douanier
* 1995: Kabloonak: Thierry Malet
* 1996: Morlock: Le tunnel (TV): Colbert
* 1996: Un monde meilleur (TV): Steven
* 1996: Le Coeur fantôme: Guard
* 1996: Un héros très discret: Ernst
* 1996: Des nouvelles du bon Dieu
* 1997: Alors voilà: Marcel
* 1998: Ronin: Sergei
* 1999: À mort la mort: Bernard
* 1999: Une pour toutes: Le chef de service
* 2000: La Vache et le président: Bichon
* 2002: Novo: Docteur Sagem
* 2003: Monsieur N.: Von Holgendorp
* 2003: Le Coût de la vie: Richet, l'huissier
* 2003: Inquiétudes: Le père de Bruno
* 2004: À l'arraché: L'homme "qui a tout vu"
* 2004: Je suis un assassin: Le portier
* 2004: Double zéro: Col. Fosse
* 2005: Entre ses mains: Le directeur de la compagnie d'assurances
* 2005: S.A.C.: Des hommes dans l'ombre (TV: Pierre-Marie Rosa
* 2006: Du jour au lendemain : Magne
* 2006: Joséphine, ange gardien TV Series (1 Episode: "Remue-ménage"): Malot
* 2012: Queen of Montreuil
# The Monthly Review (London)

The Monthly Review (1749–1845) was an English periodical founded by Ralph Griffiths, a Nonconformist bookseller. The first periodical in England to offer reviews, it featured the novelist and poet Oliver Goldsmith as an early contributor. Griffiths himself, and likely his wife Isabella Griffiths, contributed review articles to the periodical. Later contributors included Dr. Charles Burney, John Cleland, Theophilus Cibber, James Grainger, Anna Letitia Barbauld, Elizabeth Moody, and Tobias Smollett—who would go on to establish the Monthly's competitor in 1756, The Critical Review. William Kenrick, the "superlative scoundrel", was editor from 1759 to 1766.

## Publishing history of The Monthly Review

* Volumes 1–81, May 1749 – December 1789;
* {2d ser.} v. 1–108, January 1790 – November 1825;
* new {3d} ser., v. 1–15, January 1826 – December 1830;
* new {4th} ser., v. 1–45, January 1831 – December 1844. (The four-month volumes in this series are numbered I, II, and III on the title page, restarting at I each January, but some libraries and indexes number the volumes continuously from 1831.)
Many libraries have incorrectly cataloged the periodical as the London Monthly Review.

## Format

Each issue of the Monthly was divided into two sections: longer reviews of several pages were in the front section, short reviews of lesser works were featured in the back Monthly Catalogue, divided by genre headings.
# Dobrut

Dobrut is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orońsko, within Szydłowiec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south of Orońsko, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Szydłowiec, and 102 km (63 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Viktor Vladimirov

Viktor Vladimirov was a Soviet Lieutenant general, diplomat, and KGB officer operating in Finland.
He was the head of the KGB assassination and sabotage section, the 13th Department in the 1960s. It is believed that Vladimirov was involved in a failed KGB operation to murder former KGB officer Anatoliy Golitsyn in Canada who had defected from Finland to the United States.
He served in the Soviet embassy in Finland in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1980s. He was the top "kotiryssä" ("home Russian") in Finland. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, he published his memoir "Näin se oli" in 1993. Vladimirov died in 1995.

## Sources

* Näin se oli...: Muistelmia ja havaintoja kulissientakaisesta diplomaattitoiminnasta Suomessa 1954–1984., Viktor Vladimirov, 1993, Otava, Helsinki
# Paint Hills Islands

The Paint Hills Islands are located in James Bay, a part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region, in the Canadian territory of Nunavut. They are southwest of Wemindji, Quebec (Cree for "red ochre mountain"), a Cree community on Paint Hills Bay, and northeast of Solomons Temple Islands.
In 1950, Thomas Henry Manning studied high tide and driftwood strand lines on Paint Hills Islands.
# Nova Esperança do Sul

Nova Esperança do Sul is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
# Khari

Khari may refer to:

## People

* Khari Jones, American gridiron football player and coach (born 1971)
* Khari Stephenson, Jamaican footballer (born 1981)
* Khari Blasingame, American football player (born 1996)
* Khari Lee, American football player (born 1992)

## Places

* Khari, Nepal, village in Nepal
* Khari, Iran, village in Iran
* Khari River, River in Gujarat, India
* Khari Sharif, town in Azad Kashmir

## Other uses

* Khari (letter), letter of three Georgian script
# Domaniewice, Grójec County

Domaniewice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Augustus Lilly House

The Augustus Lilly House is a private house located at 132 Cora Street in Allegan, Michigan. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

## History

Augustus Lilly was a farmer until he enlisted to fight in the Civil War. When he returned to Allegan, he partnered with Irving F. Clapp, and the pair opened a grocery store in Allegan. Lilly constructed this house in 1870.

## Description

The Augustus Lilly House is a two-story L-shaped frame Italianate house with clapboard siding and a masonry foundation. The house has a low-pitched hipped roof.
# Drewnowo-Lipskie

Drewnowo-Lipskie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Boguty-Pianki, within Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

## History

Drewnowo-Lipskie along with Drewnowo-Gołyń, Drewnowo-Dmoszki, Drewnowo-Konarze and Drewnowo-Ziemaki was a part of the okolica szlachecka of Drewnowo.
# Drobin

Drobin is a town in Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,778 inhabitants as of December 2021.

## History

The settlement was first mentioned in the 12th century, when it was part of Piast-ruled Poland. It was granted town rights in 1511 under the Jagiellonian dynasty. It was a private town of Polish nobility, administratively located in the Płock Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Polish Crown.
In 1869 Drobin lost its town status. It was regained in 1994.
A battle was fought nearby on August 15, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War.
During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), the Germans renamed the town Reichenfeld to erase traces of Polish origin, and operated a forced labour camp there.

## Sports

The local football team is Skra Drobin. It competes in the lower leagues.
# Furfenorex

Furfenorex (Frugalan), also known as furfurylmethylamphetamine, is a stimulant drug which was developed in the 1960s and used as an appetite suppressant. It produces methamphetamine as a metabolite, and has been withdrawn from the market due to abuse potential.
# King Island (Nunavut)

King Island is one of the many uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is located at the confluence of Hudson Strait and the Labrador Sea.
King Island has a noticeable cliff on its southeastern side.
It is a member of the Button Islands and is situated southwest of MacColl Island. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Clark Island, Holdridge Island, Leading Island, Niels Island, and Observation Island.
# Pacific International Lines

Pacific International Lines (PIL) is a Singaporean shipping company incorporated in Singapore on 16 March 1967. It was founded by Singaporean entrepreneur Chang Yun Chung, who was the world's oldest billionaire until he died at 102 in September 2020.

## History

When the company was founded in March 1967, the company originally operated just two ships, but constantly expanded to finally celebrate its first 50 years of history in 2017, and ranking within the first 10 largest container shipping lines.
In March 2015, PIL partially took over the ownership of Singapore's Mariana Express Lines (MELL). According to the deal, PIL assumed the majority shareholding. MELL has continued to operate under its own brand and pre-existing business, as agreed internally at the time of the purchase.
In June 2017, PIL and COSCO entered into a mutual chartering agreement, to supply and exchange vessels during shipping demand peak times.
In February 2018, as forerunner in IT improvements, PIL has implemented a blockchain supply platform to share established data with DP World - Port of Singapore via IBM systems.

## Fleet

PIL has a fleet of around 101 vessels (container vessels) with a capacity of more than 300,000 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs). PIL has also taken delivery of 12 vessels of 11,800 TEU. The company employs over 6900 staff globally, regularly serving about 500 ports in nearly 100 countries worldwide.
Container ship classes of Pacific International Lines :
| Ship class | Built | Capacity (TEU) | Ships in class |
| P-class | 2015 onwards | 11,923 | 4 |
| O-class | 2024 onwards | 8350 | 4 |
| E-class | 2023 onwards | 14,000 | 4 |
| M-class | 2012 onwards | 3560 | 4 |
| C-class | 2010 onwards | 6606 | 6 |
| L-class | 2007 onwards | 4253 | 13 |
| R-class | 1997 onwards | 777 - 943 | 11 |
| K-class | 2004 | 3081 | 3 |
| S-class | 2013 onwards | 3889 | 12 |
| G-class | 2012 | 2754 - 2800 | 4 |
| TBA | TBA | 13,000 | 5 |
# Thomas Winer Malone

Thomas Winer Malone (November 1, 1929 – January 22, 2018) was a Bahamian wooden boat builder who single-handedly crafted over 200 dinghies in his lifetime. Ranging 10–14 ft (3.0–4.3 m), his boats were hewn from memory without the use of power tools, jigs, or templates. Malone used wood from trees he cut himself on the Abaco Islands.
Malone's Abaco dinghy is open-hulled and single-masted with a small "banana board" supporting the top of the sail.
Before the advent of outboard motors in the 1950s, Bahamian dinghies often provided the sole means of transportation for fishermen, farmers, and visiting families, as well as the occasional smuggler (or rum runner).
# Furusutobaru Castle

Furusutobaru Castle (フルスト原城, Furusutobaru jō) is a Ryukyuan gusuku in Ishigaki, Okinawa. It is located on Ishigaki Island next to Miyara Bay. It was listed as one of the Historic Sites of Japan in 1978.

## History

Furusutobaru Castle (the Okinawan word for castle is gusuku, though on Ishigaki they are called tsuku). Fusutobaru-tsuku is said to be the residence of Oyake Akahachi, although there is no evidence of this link, and its origins are obscure. Akahachi was from the neighbouring island of Hateruma, and through strength and charisma, he managed to convince the other chieftains and lords of the Yaeyama Islands to follow him, then declared that Yaeyama would not pay mercilessly heavy tribute to the Ryukyu Kingdom. When this news came to Naha, the court commanded the ruler of Miyako Island, Nakasone Toyomiya to invade and suppress of Yaeyama. Miyako's forces landed in Miyara Bay in 1500. Akahachi was killed, and Nakasone would go on to conquer the rest of Yaeyama and then submitted them to King Shō Shin. The extent to which this story connects with this castle remains moot.

## Archaeological finds

The site sits on a ridge overlooking Miyara Bay. There are 15 walled enclosures, a few of which have been excavated. Finds include local pottery, white porcelain and celadon from China, and the bones of horses and cows.