OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Overview of RESTful API Description Languages

RESTful (representational state transfer) API (application programming interface) DLs (description languages) are formal languages designed to provide a structured description of a RESTful web API that is useful both to a human and for automated machine processing. API description languages are sometimes called interface description languages (IDLs). The structured description might be used to generate documentation for human programmers; such documentation may be easier to read than free-form documentation, since all documentation generated by the same tool follows the same formatting conventions. Additionally, the description language is usually precise enough to allow automated generation of various software artifacts, like libraries, to access the API from various programming languages, which takes the burden of manually creating them off the programmers.

## History

There are two previous major description languages: WSDL 2.0 (Web Services Description Language) and WADL (Web Application Description Language). Neither is widely adopted in the industry for describing RESTful APIs, citing poor human readability of both and WADL being actually unable to fully describe a RESTful API.

## Principle
### Hypertext-driven API

The principle behind building RESTful APIs is known under the acronym HATEOAS (Hypermedia as the Engine of Application State). In this approach, the client software is not written to a static interface description shared through documentation. Instead, the client is given a set of entry points and the API is discovered dynamically through interaction with these endpoints. HATEOAS was introduced in Roy Fielding's doctoral thesis Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures. HATEOAS is one of the key elements distinguishing REST from RPC mechanisms.

## List of RESTful API DLs

* Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
* Hydra
* Open Data Protocol (OData)
# Capital City Green

Capital City Green was the branding of the bus service 27 Cardiff, operated by Cardiff Bus. The route ran from the city centre to the north of the city, serving the Maindy, Mynachdy, Birchgrove, Heath, Llanishen and Thornhill districts.
The service formed part of the wider Cardiff Bus network and was one of three services initially introduced on the network, to have a unique branding, along with Baycar and Capital City Red.
The upgraded service was introduced in 2007 when Cardiff Bus deployed on the route six out of 15 new Scania OmniCity vehicles which it had purchased at a cost of £2.5 million.

## History

Prior to the 1940s, Cardiff trams ran as far north as Gabalfa from the city centre. The trams were replaced with Cardiff trolleybuses in the 1940s until the 1960s when the transition to motor buses began and was completed by 1970. At the time, routes to areas in the west of Cardiff such as Caerau and Culverhouse Cross carried the number 27. Birchgrove and Llanishen were served by the 28B and Thornhill by the 29, which still exist today, running on a different route the 27, making the 27 a newer route.

## Vehicles

The Scania OmniCity vehicles had their own two tone green livery, equipped with seats with leather headrests, air-conditioning, reserved spaces for buggies and wheelchairs, CCTV, on-bus screens with local travel information and BBC News 24 bulletins, hearing induction loop and next stop information. When introduced, the backs of six of the vehicles featured images and stories of regular commuters.

## Route

vteCapital City Green 27 :
Legend :
The 12.1 mile long route circles the city centre anti-clockwise before heading north past the Civic Centre and Cathays railway station, through Maindy, Heath, Birchgrove. It passes through Thornhill and Llanishen in a clockwise route and returns south to the city centre via Blackweir instead of Cathays.
Amongst the place served (from south to north) are:
* Cardiff Castle
* Millennium Stadium
* The Hayes
* Cardiff Central Library
* Cardiff International Arena
* Cardiff Queen Street railway station
* Capitol Centre
* Cathays Park (National Museum Cardiff)
* Cathays railway station
* Cardiff University
* Birchgrove railway station
* Thornhill Crematorium
During city centre closures on Friday and Saturday nights, the route does not circle the city centre, but instead operates directly between The Hayes and Queen Street Station, not stopping at Kingsway, Dumfries Place or Westgate Street.
# UAE Youth League

The UAE Youth League is a youth league system that is organised by either the UAE Pro League Committee or UAE FA. The system was introduced in 2012 with its first season being held in 2012/13, the intention was to develop professional football at a youth level in the country. While originally only organising an under-21 competition, in the following year, the UAE FA created an under 19 league to expand its youth development.

## U21 League
### List of Champions

| Season | Champions |
| 2012–13 | Al Ain |
| 2013–14 | Al Ain |
| 2014–15 | Al Ain |
| 2015–16 | Sharjah |
| 2016–17 | Al Wahda |
| 2017–18 | Al Nasr |
| 2018–19 | Al Ain |
| 2019–20 | Cancelled |
| 2020–21 | Shabab Al Ahli |
| 2021–22 | Shabab Al Ahli |
| 2022–23 | Shabab Al Ahli |
| 2023–24 | Kalba |

### Performances by clubs

| Club | Winners | Winning seasons |
| Al Ain | 4 | 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2018–19 |
| Shabab Al Ahli | 3 | 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23 |
| Sharjah | 1 | 2015–16 |
| Al Wahda | 1 | 2016–17 |
| Al Nasr | 1 | 2017–18 |
| Kalba | 1 | 2023–24 |

## U19 League
### List of Champions

| Season | Champions |
| 2013–14 | Al Ain |
| 2014–15 | Al Wahda |
| 2015–16 | Al Ain |
| 2016–17 | Al Ain |
| 2017–18 | Baniyas |
| 2018–19 | Al Hamriyah |
| 2019–20 | Cancelled |
| 2020–21 | Emirates |
| 2021–22 | Al Wasl |
| 2022–23 | Al Arabi |
| 2023–24 | Shabab Al Ahli |

### Performances by clubs

| Club | Winners | Winning seasons |
| Al Ain | 3 | 2013–14, 2015–16, 2016–17 |
| Al Wahda | 1 | 2014–15 |
| Baniyas | 1 | 2017–18 |
| Al Hamriyah | 1 | 2018–19 |
| Emirates | 1 | 2020–21 |
| Al Wasl | 1 | 2021–22 |
| Al Arabi | 1 | 2022–23 |
| Shabab Al Ahli | 1 | 2023–24 |
# Juma Rashed

Juma Rashed (12 December 1972) is an Emirati football goalkeeper who played for United Arab Emirates in the 2004 AFC Asian Cup.
# Croatia at the 1992 Summer Paralympics

Croatia competed at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in Barcelona, Spain. 6 competitors from Croatia won a single bronze medal, finishing joint 50th in the medal table with 5 other countries.
# Thompson Island (Nunavut)

Thompson Island (variant: Twer-oong Island) is an uninhabited island off the shore of Baffin Island located in the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. The island lies in Frobisher Bay, south of Faris Island and Hill Island.
# Michele Mangiapelo

Michele Mangiapelo (born 30 May 1986) is an Italian footballer who plays for Pomezia.
Mangiapelo spent most of his career in Lega Pro and Serie D as well as in Lazio region of Italy.

## Biography

Born in Alatri, the Province of Frosinone, Lazio region, Mangiapelo started his career at Ligurian club Sampdoria. In 2004 Mangiapelo was loaned to Rieti, where he won the Group E of 2004–05 Serie D. The Lazio club signed Mangiapelo in co-ownership deal in 2005, however Mangiapelo became an understudy in 2005–06 Serie C2. Mangiapelo also received a call-up to Italy under-20 Serie C representative team. He was the backup of Riccardo Pezzato. On 20 June 2006 Sampdoria gave up the remain 50% registration rights to Rieti. Mangiapelo made 16 appearances in 2006–07 Serie C2. After the club relegated, Mangiapelo had played for 2 Serie D clubs namely Narnese and Ferentino. In 2009, he returned to the fourth division for Isola Liri, where he played 27 times in 2009–10 Lega Pro Seconda Divisione. In July 2010 he was signed by Serie B club Grosseto. Mangiapelo wore no.30 shirt in 2011–12 Serie B. He received his last first team call-up on 1 December 2011. After that match Mangiapelo played a few games for the reserve as overage player. In December 2012 he left for Serie D club Cynthia. On 13 August 2013 Mangiapelo left for Frosinone.
# Alain Digbeu

Alain Donald Digbeu (born 13 November 1975) is a French former professional basketball player. He was drafted by the NBA pro club the Atlanta Hawks with the 49th pick in the 1997 NBA draft. He is 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) in height and 220 lb (100 kg) in weight. He can play at both the shooting guard and small forward positions.

## Professional career

At the pro club level, Digbeu played in the French League with ASVEL Lyon-Villeurbanne from 1993 to 1999. With ASVEL he won the French Cup in the years 1996 and 1997. He was also the French League Rising Star Award in 1994 and 1995, a L'Équipe French League French Player's MVP in 1998, and a 3 time French League All-Star (1997, 1998, 1999) with ASVEL. He played in the Spanish League with FC Barcelona from 1999 to 2002 and he won the Spanish League championship and the Spanish Cup championship with Barcelona in the year 2001.
Digbeu has also played with the Spanish club Real Madrid in the 2002–03 season, with the Spanish club Joventut Badalona in the 2003–04 season, and with the Spanish Club CB Lucentum Alicante in the 2005–06 season. He also played in the Italian League with Casti Group Varese in the 2004–05 season and with Climamio Bologna in the 2006–07 season. Digbeu returned to the Spanish team CB Lucentum Alicante for the 2007–08 season.
He signed with the Greek League club Kavala-Panorama for the 2008–09 season.

## National team career

Digbeu played for the senior men's French national basketball team at the EuroBasket 1999, the EuroBasket 2001, and the EuroBasket 2003.

## Personal life

He is married to Turkish national Burcu Özcan and speaks Turkish fluently. His son, Tom, is also a professional basketball player.
# Raj Kumar Rinwa

Raj Kumar Rinwa (born 24 June 1953) is an Indian politician of the Bharatiya Janata Party from Churu district in Rajasthan, India. He was a Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Ratangarh constituency in 2003, 2008 and 2013.

## Early life

Raj Kumar Rinwa was born on 24 June 1953 at Ratangarh in Churu district. His father's name is Prahlad Rai Rinwa and mother's name is Sajna Devi. He has studied B.com and LLB. In 2003, he became MLA for the first time by contesting as an independent from Ratangarh assembly.

## Political career

Rinwa has won the assembly elections thrice. In 2003, he contested as an independent and defeated BJP's veteran leader Harishankar Bhabhada and Congress's Pt. Jai Devprasad Indoriya. He became the MLA of Ratangarh for two consecutive terms in 2008 and 2013. In 2013, he was also a minister in Vasundhara Raje's government.
# Dobiec

Dobiec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kazanów, within Zwoleń County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-west of Zwoleń and 109 km (68 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Party Quiz Mega Q

Party Quiz Mega Q is a quiz video game developed and published by Sega, which released for the Mega Drive in Japan in 1993. Players participate in a television quiz programme, answering questions in rounds of differing rules, earning or losing points along the way. Up to five players are supported, and the game was released on the Nintendo Wii's Virtual Console in 2007. In 2014, the soundtrack was released on the Mega Drive 25th Anniversary Album Vol.1 album.

## Gameplay

The game plays like a real Japanese television quiz programme that airs on Channel 13 and is hosted by Tiger Yakuto: five contestants compete against each other in rounds of various quiz modes, and up to five players can play simultaneously using the Mega Drive's Multiplayer Adaptor. In each mode, points are awarded for answering questions correctly, and deducted for answering incorrectly. Quiz modes include (although are not limited to) the Bet Quiz, where the contestants place bets before a question, and the Genre Selection Quiz, where a genre is chosen and a question of that genre is posed (each time a genre is selected, the point stake is increased). The programme features advert breaks during which Sega products are advertised. The winner plays the Time Attack Quiz, where questions are answered within a time limit to "win" prizes. There is also a free play mode where players can practise quiz types without playing in the programme.

## Legacy

Party Quiz Mega Q was released on the Virtual Console in Japan on 18 December 2007. The soundtrack, composed by Hirofumi Murasaki, was released on the Mega Drive 25th Anniversary Album Vol.1 album in Japan in July 2014. It was included in the Japanese version of the Mega Drive Mini microconsole in September 2019, and two updated versions of the game with new questions, titled Party Quiz Mega Q 2022 and Party Quiz Sega Q (with Takenobu Mitsuyoshi replacing Tiger Yakuto as the host), were included in the Japanese edition of the follow-up system, the Mega Drive Mini 2, released on October 27, 2022. All three versions support Buffalo's USB Hub.
# Tobias Ekberg

Tobias Ekberg (born 13 January 1994) is a professional Swedish ice hockey player. He is currently playing for HK Dukla Trenčín of the Slovak Extraliga.

## Playing career

He was born in Töreboda, Sweden and represented the youth team Töreboda HF. Ekberg previously played for Malmö Redhawks and Djurgårdens IF. Ekberg left the club as at the conclusion of his two-year tenure with the Leksands IF on 21 March 2023.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
# Aiqqujat Islands

The Aiqqujat Islands are an uninhabited island group in Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, Canada. They are located in Hudson Bay's Wager Bay, and are a part of Ukkusiksalik National Park.
# Kathy Prendergast

Kathy Prendergast (born 1958), is an Irish sculptor, draftsman, and painter.

## Life

Prendergast was born in 1958 in Dublin. She studied at Manor House School, Raheny, and pursued third-level studies at the National College of Art & Design, graduating in 1983.
She then went to the Royal College of Art, London from 1983 to 1986.
She won the Best Young Artist Award in 1995 representing Ireland at the Venice Biennale, having first attended ten years earlier in Paris. Prendergast was also the inaugural recipient of the David and Yuko Juda Foundation Prize.
Prendergast is particularly known for her City Drawing project which she began in 1992. She detailed pencil maps of the world's capital cities, now the work is part of the permanent collection of the Irish Museum of Modern Art. Her work is held in galleries around the world. She has lived in London since 1983. Prendergast is a member of Aosdána.

## Exhibitions

* Unit 7 Gallery, London (1987)
* Douglas Hyde Gallery, Dublin
* Camden Arts Centre, London
* Memento Metropolis, Copenhagen (1996)
* Tate Gallery, London (1997)
* Robert Miller Gallery, New York (1998)
* Irish Museum of Modern Art (1999)
# Powder River (Wyoming and Montana)

Powder River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately 375 miles (604 km) long in northeastern Wyoming and southeastern Montana in the United States. Combined with its tributary, the South Fork Powder River, it is 550 miles long. It drains an area historically known as the Powder River Country on the high plains east of the Bighorn Mountains.
It rises in three forks in north central Wyoming. The North and Middle forks rise along the eastern slope of the Bighorn Mountains. The South Fork rises on the southern slopes of the Bighorn Mountains west of Casper. The three forks meet on the foothills east of the Bighorns near the town of Kaycee. The combined stream flows northward, east of the Bighorns, and into Montana. It accepts the Little Powder near the town of Broadus, and discharges into the Yellowstone approximately 50 miles (80 km) downriver from Miles City, Montana. The Powder River was so named (in the English language as well as in local indigenous languages) because the sand along a portion of its banks resembles powder or dust.
# Benno Leesik

Benno Leesik (17 January 1960 Haapsalu – 2006) was an Estonian military personnel (Major).
In 1996 he graduated from Tartu University in law.
From 8 June 1999 to 25 March 2006, he was the chief of Estonian Defence League.
Awards:
# Dobiecin, Gmina Mogielnica

Dobiecin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mogielnica, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Olivier Ferrand

Olivier Ferrand (8 November 1969 - 30 June 2012) was a French civil servant and public intellectual. He was the founder of Terra Nova, a prominent centre-left think tank in Paris. In June 2012 he was elected to the French Parliament. He died of a heart attack shortly afterwards, aged 42.

## Life and career

Ferrand was born in 1969 in Marseille and later studied at HEC Paris, Sciences Po, and École nationale d'administration. After ENA he joined the French Finance Ministry as a civil servant in the Treasury Directorate. In the early 2000s he was an adviser to Prime Minister Lionel Jospin. He then became an adviser to Pierre Moscovici as a member of the Convention on the Future of Europe and later to Dominique Strauss-Kahn as a leading figure of the French opposition. He also joined the Inspection des Finances during the 2000s.
He created Terra Nova in 2008 and led it until his death. Terra Nova quickly emerged as a major voice in French policy debates, unambiguously on the centre-left but independent from the Socialist Party. Among its key contributions, spearheaded by Ferrand from 2008, was the recommendation of a system of open primaries to designate the Socialist Party's candidate to the next presidential election. The Socialist Party's adoption of this proposal led to the primary vote of October 2011, which was won by François Hollande.
Ferrand became a prominent public intellectual and participated in many French political and societal debates. He was the co-host of the Think Tank program of LCI TV, a columnist for Slate France, and a regular commentator on BFM TV and France Info. He wrote influential articles and reports on topics that included French political reform, European integration, pension reform, US politics, tax policy, and public sector reform. He also became directly involved in French politics. He was deputy mayor of the 3rd arrondissement of Paris from 2001 to 2007; candidate in the Pyrénées-Orientales department during the 2007 legislative election; and deputy mayor of Thuir in 2008. In 2012, he was elected member of the French Parliament for the 8th legislative district of the Bouches-du-Rhône department.
He died unexpectedly on 30 June 2012 and was survived by his wife and daughter. His memory was honored in a moment of silence in the French National Assembly on 3 July 2012. The next day, 4 July, a memorial service was held in Church of Saint-Sulpice in Paris for his funeral, with attendance of several French political leaders including Claude Bartolone, Bertrand Delanoë, Lionel Jospin, Arnaud Montebourg, Michel Rocard, Ségolène Royal, and Manuel Valls. In the United States, the Center for American Progress published a statement in Ferrand's memory highlighting his influence in the French center-left and internationally.
# East Pen Island

East Pen Island, sometimes referred to shortly as Pen Island, is one of several uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Nunavut, Canada located within southwestern Hudson Bay. It is part of the Pen Islands, though West Pen Island is more properly termed a spit, rather than an island. East Pen Island is situated off the shore of Ontario, a few kilometers southeast of Manitoba. The closest community is Fort Severn, Ontario.

## Fauna

East Pen is classified as an IBA site, protecting Hudsonian godwits, red knots, black scoters, snow geese, and common eiders.
# Marco Valotti

Marco Valotti (born 13 November 1995) is an Italian footballer who currently plays for Folgore Caratese as a forward.

## Career

Valotti made his professional debut with Brescia on 9 November 2013 against Avellino in a Serie B game. He came in as a 63rd-minute substitute for Vítor Saba in a 0-2 away defeat.
On 6 February 2014 Valotti signed a new 3+1⁄2-year contract with Brescia.
On 2 July 2015 Valotti was signed by Renate in a temporary deal.

## Career statistics

    As of November 22, 2013
| Club | Season | Serie B | Serie B | Coppa Italia | Coppa Italia | International | International | Others | Others | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | App | Goals | App | Goals | App | Goals | App | Goals | App | Goals |
| Brescia | 2013–14 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 11 | 1 |
| Brescia Total | Brescia Total | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 1 |
# Sadequl Arefin

Md. Sadequl Arefin (also known as Arefin Matin) is a Bangladeshi academic. He served as vice-chancellor of the University of Barisal from 2019 to 2023. Before joining BU, he served as professor of social work at the University of Rajshahi.

## Education

Arefin obtained B.S.S. (Hons) and M.S.S. in Social Work from the University of Rajshahi. He obtained M.Phil. from Rajshahi University’s Institute of Bangladesh Studies (IBS) in 1993 and Ph.D. in 2003.

## Career

Arefin started his teaching career at Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (SUST), Sylhet. He joined the Department of Social Work, Rajshahi University in 1998. He served as assistant proctor, student advisor and senate member of Rajshahi University. He was General Secretary of Rajshahi University Teachers’ Association and Central Secretary General of Federation of Bangladesh University Teachers’ Association.
In November 2019, Sadequl Arefin was appointed as Vice-Chancellor of Barisal University for the next four years.

## Publications

His research focuses on the empowerment of the rural poor. He has 18 international and national research publications.
# Ivette María

Ivette María Tato (born 27 July 1975) is a former backstroke swimmer from Spain who competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia for her native country. In the Georgia Tech Aquatic Center she finished in 23rd place in the 200 m Backstroke. Four years later, when Sydney, Australia hosted the Summer Games, she ended up in 16th place in the same event, and was a member of the Women's Relay Team in the 4 × 100 m Medley (15th position). She was born in Barcelona, Catalonia.