# Lamberto V. Avellana

Lamberto Vera Avellana NA February 12, 1915 – April 25, 1991) was a prominent Filipino film and stage director. Despite considerable budgetary limitations that hampered the post-war Filipino film industry, Avellana's films such as Anak Dalita and Badjao attained international acclaim. In 1976, Avellana was named by President Ferdinand Marcos as the first National Artist of the Philippines for Film. While Avellana remains an important figure in Filipino cinema, his reputation as a film director has since been eclipsed by the next wave of Filipino film directors who emerged in the 1970s, such as Lino Brocka and Ishmael Bernal.

## Life

Born in Bontoc, Mountain Province, Avellana was educated at the Ateneo de Manila AB '37, where he developed what turned out to be a lifelong interest in the theater. He taught at the Ateneo after graduation and married his teenage sweetheart Daisy Hontiveros, an actress who eventually also became a National Artist in 1999.

## Film career

Avellana made his film debut with Sakay in 1939, a biopic on the early 20th-century Filipino revolutionary Macario Sakay. The film, though a box-office flop, was particularly distinguished for its realism, which was atypical of Filipino cinema at the time. The treatment is the subject of some controversy today. Avellana's Sakay toed the line with the American-fostered perception of Sakay as a mere bandit, different from the current-day appreciation of Sakay as a fighter for Filipino independence. Raymond Red's 1993 film, Sakay hews closer to this modern view of Sakay.
Leopoldo Salcedo, who played Sakay in the 1939 Avellana version, portrayed Sakay's father in the 1993 version in his final film role.
Avellana directed more than 70 films in a career that spanned six decades. In the early 1950s, he coined the term "bakya crowd" (lit. 'wooden clog crowd') to describe the mass audiences who went to see his films. Anak Dalita (1956) and Badjao (1957) perhaps stand as the most prominent works from his oeuvre. Anak Dalita, which was named Best Film at the 1956 Asia-Pacific Film Festival, was a realistic portrayal of poverty-stricken Filipinos coping with the aftermath of World War II. Badjao was a love-story set in Mindanao between a man from a sea-dwelling indigenous Badjao family and a woman belonging to a prominent Tausug clan. Rolf Bayer was the screenwriter for both films.
On December 30, 1990, Avellana directed the first live reenactment of José Rizal's execution to be held on Rizal Day in Rizal Park.

## Death

Avellana died on April 25, 1991, in Manila, Philippines, at the age of 76.

## Filmography
### Film (as director)

| Year | Title | Production company | Notes |
| 1939 | Sakay | Filippine Productions | |
| 1940 | Alitaptap | Waling-waling Productions | |
| 1940 | Inday | Waling-waling Productions | |
| 1941 | Rosalinda | LVN Pictures | |
| 1941 | Ikaw Pala | LVN Pictures | |
| 1946 | Death March | Filippine Productions | |
| 1947 | Haciendera | Corazon Roque Productions and Phils. Artist Guild | |
| 1947 | Tandang Sora | | |
| 1947 | Sa Ngiti Mo Lamang | Eduque Productions | |
| 1947 | The End of the Road | Ateneo Alumni Association | |
| 1947 | Hagibis | | |
| 1948 | Pista ng Bayan | Nolasco Bros. | |
| 1948 | A La Viva! | Philartech Productions | |
| 1948 | Lukso ng Dugo | Avellana and Company | |
| 1949 | Ronquillo: Tiagong Akyat | | |
| 1950 | Hantik | | |
| 1950 | Ang Bombero (Kaaway ng Apoy) | | |
| 1950 | Prinsipe Amante | | |
| 1950 | In Despair | | |
| 1951 | Satur | | |
| 1951 | Prinsipe Amante sa Rubitanya | LVN Pictures | |
| 1951 | Pag-asa | | |
| 1951 | Amor Mio | | |
| 1952 | Korea | LVN Pictures | |
| 1952 | Aklat ng Buhay | | |
| 1952 | Haring Solomon at Reyna Sheba | LVN Pictures | |
| 1953 | Loida: Ang Aking Pag-ibig | | |
| 1953 | Huk sa Bagong Pamumuhay | | |
| 1953 | Hiyasmin | LVN Pictures | |
| 1954 | Kandelerong Pilak | | |
| 1955 | Lapu-Lapu | | |
| 1955 | Saydwok Bendor | | |
| 1956 | No Money, No Honey | | |
| 1956 | Anak Dalita | LVN Pictures | |
| 1956 | Medalyong Perlas ("Eskirol" segment) | | |
| 1956 | Kumander 13 | | |
| 1957 | Walang Sugat | | |
| 1957 | Badjao | | |
| 1957 | Sergeant Hassan | | |
| 1957 | Rosalina | | |
| 1958 | Faithful | | |
| 1959 | Kundiman ng Lahi | | |
| 1959 | Cry Freedom | | |
| 1961 | Bus to Bataan | | |
| 1963 | Death Was a Stranger | Hunters' ROTC Association. | |
| 1963 | No Way Out | Tamaraw Productions | |
| 1964 | Scout Rangers | Zultana International | |
| 1965 | Tagumpay ng Mahirap ("The Boy" segment) | Cinema Masters | |
| 1965 | A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino | Daudem Pictures and Cinema Artists | |
| 1965 | Operation XYZ | Lea Productions | |
| 1966 | Claudia | Lea Productions | |
| 1968 | Destination: Vietnam | Paramount-Philippines | |
| 1968 | Kumander Dimas | Regina Productions | |
| 1973 | Ang Bukas Ay Atin | CS Films Productions | |
| 1974 | Fe, Esperanza, Caridad (co-direc. with Cirio H. Santiago and Gerardo de Leon) | Premiere Productions | |
| 1975 | Kapitan Kulas: Ang Kilabot ng Sierra Madre | Lea Productions | |
| 1975 | Ang Pag-ibig Ko'y Huwag Mong Sukatin | Lea Productions | |
| 1977 | Tadhana: Ito ang Lahing Pilipino | National Media Production Center | Unreleased film |
| 1982 | Waywaya | Four N Films and Nard Guerrero Films & Associates | |

## Accolades

| Year | Award-giving body | Category | Nominated Work(s) | Result | Result |
| FAMAS Awards | 1954 | Best Director | Huk sa bagong pamumuhay | Won |
| Asia Pacific Film Festival | 1956 | Best Film | Child of Sorrow | Won |