OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Swimming at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's 100 metre breaststroke

The women's 100 metre breaststroke competition of the swimming events at the 2023 Pan American Games were held on October 21, 2023, at the Aquatic Center in Santiago, Chile.

## Records

| World record | Lilly King (USA) | 1:04.13 | Budapest, Hungary | July 25, 2017 |
| Pan American Games record | Katie Meili (USA) | 1:05.64 | Toronto, Canada | July 17, 2015 |

## Results

| KEY: | QA | Qualified for A final | QB | Qualified for B final | GR | Games record | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best |

### Heats

The first round was held on October 21.
| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 3 | 5 | Rachel Nicol | Canada | 1:08.10 | QA |
| 2 | 3 | 4 | Macarena Ceballos | Argentina | 1:08.12 | QA |
| 3 | 1 | 4 | Sophie Angus | Canada | 1:08.19 | QA |
| 4 | 4 | 3 | Stefanía Gómez | Colombia | 1:08.47 | QA |
| 5 | 2 | 5 | Emma Weber | United States | 1:09.00 | QA |
| 6 | 2 | 3 | Melissa Rodríguez | Mexico | 1:09.32 | QA |
| 7 | 2 | 4 | Jhennifer Conceição | Brazil | 1:09.75 | QA |
| 8 | 3 | 6 | Martina Barbeito | Argentina | 1:10.29 | QA |
| 9 | 2 | 2 | Mercedes Toledo | Venezuela | 1:10.48 | QB |
| 10 | 3 | 2 | Julia Sebastián | Argentina | 1:10.64 | QB |
| 11 | 1 | 5 | Nichelly Lysy | Brazil | 1:10.81 | QB |
| 12 | 1 | 6 | Emily Santos | Panama | 1:10.92 | QB |
| 13 | 2 | 6 | Fernanda Jiménez | Mexico | 1:11.36 | QB |
| 14 | 3 | 3 | Anna Keating | United States | 1:11.42 | QB |
| 15 | 1 | 2 | Nicole Frank | Uruguay | 1:11.44 | QB |
| 16 | 3 | 7 | Daysi Ramírez | Cuba | 1:12.92 | QB |
| 17 | 2 | 7 | Elisa Funes | El Salvador | 1:13.85 | |
| 18 | 3 | 1 | Antonia Cubillos | Chile | 1:15.11 | |
| 19 | 1 | 7 | Sabrina Lyn | Jamaica | 1:15.32 | |
| 20 | 2 | 1 | Astrid Caballero | Paraguay | 1:15.92 | |
| 21 | 1 | 1 | Zaylie Thompson | Bahamas | 1:16.75 | |
| 22 | 2 | 8 | Ana Mack | Independent Athletes Team | 1:17.03 | |
| 23 | 3 | 8 | Paola Cwu | Honduras | 1:20.43 | |

### Final B

The B final was also held on October 21.
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time |
| 9 | 6 | Emily Santos | Panama | 1:09.43 |
| 10 | 3 | Nichelly Lysy | Brazil | 1:10.55 |
| 11 | 4 | Mercedes Toledo | Venezuela | 1:10.58 |
| 12 | 5 | Julia Sebastián | Argentina | 1:10.69 |
| 13 | 2 | Fernanda Jiménez | Mexico | 1:11.05 |
| 14 | 1 | Nicole Frank | Uruguay | 1:11.60 |
| 15 | 7 | Anna Keating | United States | 1:11.73 |
| 16 | 8 | Daysi Ramírez | Cuba | 1:13.48 |

### Final A

The A final was also held on October 21.
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | 4 | Rachel Nicol | Canada | 1:07.28 | |
| | 3 | Sophie Angus | Canada | 1:07.55 | |
| | 5 | Macarena Ceballos | Argentina | 1:07.68 | |
| 4 | 6 | Stefanía Gómez | Colombia | 1:07.92 | NR |
| 5 | 2 | Emma Weber | United States | 1:08.13 | |
| 6 | 7 | Melissa Rodríguez | Mexico | 1:08.48 | |
| 7 | 1 | Jhennifer Conceição | Brazil | 1:10.10 | |
| 8 | 8 | Martina Barbeito | Argentina | 1:10.91 | |
# Uati Iutana

Uati Iutana (born 31 August 1969) is a Samoan former wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 74 kg at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Paris of the South

The description Paris of the South has been applied to a number of locations, including:
* Adelaide, Australia
* Barcelona, Spain
* Buenos Aires, Argentina
* Melbourne, Australia
* New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
* Nice, France
* Asheville, North Carolina, United States
* Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
* Adelaide, Australia
* Barcelona, Spain
* Buenos Aires, Argentina
* Melbourne, Australia
* Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
# Angela Birch

Angela Birch (born 24 August 1974) is a Fijian former swimmer. She competed in five events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Foy Gordon Chung

Foy Gordon Chung (born 10 October 1975) is a Fijian former swimmer. He competed in four events at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Cina Munch

Cina Munch (born 17 June 1971) is a Fijian former swimmer. She competed in four events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Christian Amoah

Christian Amoah (born 25 July 1999) is a Ghanaian weightlifter who currently competes in the 85 kg event. He competed in the Men's 77 kg at the 2014 Commonwealth Games.
Amoah represented Ghana in the Men's 85 kg at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He was the inaugural male Ghanaian to compete in weightlifting at the modern Olympics. He was also the youngest athlete to take part in weightlifting at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
He represented Ghana at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Ghana ||||||
| 2014 | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, Scotland | 22nd | Men's 77 kg | Snatch: 110 kg C & J: 128 kg Total: 228 kg |
| 2016 | Summer Olympics | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 21st | Men's 85 kg | Snatch: 130 kg C & J: 153 kg Total: 283 kg |
# Larry Wanke

Larry Wanke (/ˈwɒŋki/ WONG-kee) (born April 2, 1968) is a former American football quarterback and in the 1991 NFL draft, was Mr. Irrelevant.

## Early life

Wanke attended Benedictine High School in Cleveland, Ohio.

## College career

Wanke initially attended the University of Pittsburgh, but ultimately transferred to John Carroll University. The transfer was due to a quarterback competition at Pittsburgh and health problems of his father.

## Professional career

Wanke was drafted by the New York Giants in the 1991 NFL draft, which earned him the title of Mr. Irrelevant. Wanke, however, never made an NFL roster.
# Donald S. Klopfer

Donald Simon Klopfer (January 23, 1902 – May 30, 1986) was an American publisher, one of the founders of American publishing firm Random House, along with Bennett Cerf. Klopfer was the quiet inside businessman to Cerf's quite-visible and gregarious "Mr. Outside" personality.

## Background

Donald Simon Klopfer was born on 23 January 1902 in New York City to Jewish parents, Simon Klopfer and Stella Klopfer Jacobson (née Danzinger). He entered Columbia College but transferred to Williams College. He entered with the class of 1922 but did not graduate from Williams College either.

## Career

As a young man, Klopfer worked as a treasurer from 1921 to 1925 for his step-father, a diamond cutter at the United Diamond Works, Inc. in Newark, New Jersey. In 1925, his friend Bennett Cerf presented with him an opportunity to buy for $200,000 the classic imprint, Modern Library, from Boni & Liveright. Klopfer and Cerf formed a partnership, completed the purchase, and went into business as 50/50 partners. They increased the series' popularity, and in 1927 began publishing general trade books which they selected "at random." Thus began their publishing business, which in time they named Random House. It used as its logo a little house drawn by Cerf's friend and fellow Columbia alumnus Rockwell Kent. Cerf's talent in building and maintaining relationships brought contracts with such writers as William Faulkner, John O'Hara, Eugene O'Neill, James Michener, Truman Capote, Theodor Seuss Geisel, and others. Klopfer ran the business and book production. From 1942 to 1945, Klopfer served as a USAAF major in the European Theater.
Cerf retired in 1970, with Klopfer succeeding him as chairman; he retired in 1975.

## Personal life and death

Klopfer's first wife, Florence Selwyn, died in 1979, and Klopfer married the well-known writer and Democratic political activist Katie Louchheim on 19 July 1981.
Cerf and Klopfer were both prominent Jewish businessmen. In 1967, Klopfer resigned from the American Council for Judaism after the Council issued a statement which Klopfer and other Jewish leaders found to be repugnant.
He was a member of the Harmonie Club.
Klopfer died at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York, New York, on May 30, 1986, aged 84. Klopfer was survived by his second wife, a step-son, C.A. "Tony" Wimpfheimer (with his first wife), and a daughter, Lois Klopfer Levy.

## Awards

Before his death, Klopfer received an honorary degree by Williams College, in spite of never having completed his degree requirements.

## Works

In 2012, Random House published a book of collected World War II letters titled Dear Donald, Dear Bennett: The Wartime Correspondence of Donald Klopfer and Bennett Cerf.
* Dear Donald, Dear Bennett: the wartime correspondence of Donald Klopfer and Bennett Cerf (New York: Random House, 2002). ISBN 0-375-50768-X
# Recruiter election

Recruiter elections were elections held during the seventeenth century to fill vacant seats in the House of Commons in England. The words 'recruit' and 'recruiter' meant nothing more than filling a vacancy, so, the contemporary phrase recruiter member of parliament, meant a member of the House of Commons who had been elected in a by-election.
During the English Civil War and Interregnum, no national or general election was held in England for twenty years, from the 1640 elections to the Long Parliament, until the 1660 elections to Charles II's Convention Parliament. From 1645, the many vacant seats that arose in the Long and Rump Parliaments, by death and arbitrary expulsion (initially of many Royalist members, and later of many Leveller and Puritan members in Pride's military coup d'état) were filled by by-elections, or, so-called 'recruiter elections'.
It seems clear that there was some stage management of the recruiter elections; indeed, it has been suggested that the recruiter elections during the period of the Civil War led to the change in character of elections from an Elizabethan model based on clientship and personality, to the beginning of system managed by party politics.
# Thornapple, Wisconsin

The Town of Thornapple is located in Rusk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 811 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated community of Thornapple is located in the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 52.6 square miles (136.2 km$^2$), of which 51.4 square miles (133.0 km$^2$) is land and 1.2 square miles (3.2 km$^2$) (2.36%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 811 people, 312 households, and 237 families residing in the town. The population density was 15.8 people per square mile (6.1/km$^2$). There were 375 housing units at an average density of 7.3 per square mile (2.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 96.92% White, 1.11% African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.74% from other races, and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.99% of the population.
There were 312 households, out of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.0% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.0% were non-families. 19.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.3 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $35,625, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $32,171 versus $22,639 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,095. About 9.4% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.5% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Leon White (linebacker)

Thomas Leon White (born October 4, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the BYU Cougars.

## Early life

White prepped at Helix High School in La Mesa, California. Helped Helix win two CIF San Diego section football championships. (1978,1980)

## College career

He played college football for four years at Brigham Young University and was on the unbeaten 1984 National Championship team. 1984 Holiday Bowl Defensive MVP.

## Professional career

White played eight seasons in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Cincinnati Bengals in the fifth round of the 1986 NFL Draft. He started at OLB for the Cincinnati Bengals in Super Bowl XXIII.
# O'Hare (disambiguation)

O'Hare International Airport is a major airport in Chicago.
O'Hare may also refer to:
* USS O'Hare (DD-889), a US Navy destroyer
* O'Hare (surname), a surname (and list of people with the name)
** Edward O'Hare, a U.S. Naval aviator and the namesake of the airport and the ship
* O'Hare, Chicago, a US community area
* O'Hare (band), a Yugoslav 1960s rock band
* O'Hare Air, a fictional company in The Lorax (film).
# Reyes Estévez

Reyes Estévez López (born 2 August 1976 in Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain) is a Spanish 1500 metres runner. He won the European Championships' final 1998 in Budapest. In addition, he won bronze medals at the 1997 World Championships, 1999 World Championships and 2005 European Indoor Championships (both 1500 and 3000 m) and silver medals at the 2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships and 2002 European Championships.
On 9 December 2010 Reyes Estévez López was arrested and questioned in relation to his involvement in a Spanish sports doping ring as part of the Guardia Civil's Operation Galgo.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Spain ||||||
| 1994 | World Junior Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 4th | 1500m | 3:42.98 |
| 1997 | European U23 Championships | Turku, Finland | 1st | 1500 m | 3:42.37 |
| 2010 | Ibero-American Championships | San Fernando, Spain | 2nd | 3000 m | 8:15.58 |
| 2010 | European Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 4th | 1500 m | 3:43.67 |
# Melibe arianeae

Melibe arianeae is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tethydidae.

## Description

The overall shape of Melibe arianeae is elongate and limaciform. Anterolaterally, it is compressed to a small degree. It tapers posteriorly to form a long and conical shape to the end of the foot.
The surface of the body of this species is almost transparent. It and the cerata and rhinophoral sheaths are completely covered with multiple, tiny tubercles that are white and opaque. The surface has blotches that are white and opaque as well as multiple orange flecks. The internal organs appear orange-brownish.
The cerata are mainly warty in appearance due to complete coverage of small tubercules. They are oval and are inflated with their distal ends being bifurcate or trifurcate, or, simple. Within the cerata, the branches of the digestive gland are visible due to the cerata being transparent. This gland appears as an axis brownish in colour.

## Distribution

This species is found in the tropical western Atlantic, the type material, so far the only material known, was found in Florida.
# Max Taylor (musician)

Max Taylor (born October 25, 1985) is a British singer-songwriter from East London. He has accompanied singer Mika on albums and international tours since 2012, playing bass and contributing vocals.

## Debuts

Taylor was first part of the band Clor, alongside his brother, Harry Bennett, who played drums.
He also toured with British rapper Roots Manuva during this period, and Max had the opportunity to collaborate with many different artists and bands, such as Groove Armada, Tom Vek, Rae Morris, Melanie C, and also CocknBullKid.
He has also played bass for the British pop singer Lily Allen and also for Fryars. In 2012, Taylor met Mika, and recorded bass for him on a few songs from his album "The Origin Of Love", which included a collaboration with Pharrell Williams on the song "Celebrate". That was the start of their collaboration which hasn't ended.

## Touring musician

Taylor joined Mika's band for the album's promotional tour. He played bass and accompanied Mika on vocals, and since 2014 he became an official member of the band, and accompanies Mika through his concert tours taking place, in places such as the Montreal Symphony House, in Quebec or even the Royal Opera of Versailles, and the Philharmonie de Paris, both broadcast on France Télévisions,.
A tour with Mika took place in 2022 and covered Canada, and the USA, under the name "For The Rite Of Spring"Tour.

## Solo career

In October 2020, Taylor embarked on a solo career, alongside his other activities. He released the single "Millionaire Spaceman", under the pseudonym of Creepy Neighbour, and then an EP. The artist released his debut album in December 2021, ironically titled "Debut Album".
In 2022, Taylor started releasing music under his birth name, Max Taylor. After the release of his single Shapes, he embarked on a three-week UK tour in 2023, supporting Tom Vek.
# Gimmel Tammuz

3 Tammuz or Gimmel Tammuz (Hebrew: גִּ׳ תַמּוּז‎, ɡˈɪmə͡l tˈamʌz lit. 'the third of Tammuz') is a date on the Chabad-Lubavich calendar that marks the anniversary of the passing of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the seventh Rebbe of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic dynasty. Rabbi Schneerson passed away on June 12, 1994, corresponding to 3 Tamuz 5754 in the Hebrew calendar. The day is observed by followers of Chabad-Lubavitch as a time for reflection on the Rebbe's teachings and legacy.

## History

in the years leading up to his passing, Rabbi Schneerson experienced significant health challenges. In 1992, he suffered a stroke that impaired his physical abilities and limited his mobility.
After his stroke, Rabbi Schneerson made limited public appearances, with his first post-stroke appearance occurring in May 1992. He was welcomed by his followers during this appearance at 770 Eastern Parkway his synagogue in Crown Heights, Brooklyn. His ability to communicate remained, as he often sent written letters and recorded messages for special occasions, maintaining a connection with his community. Many of his followers continued to express their belief in his leadership and teachings, reflecting their ongoing dedication to his vision for the Jewish community.
Rabbi Schneerson passed away on June 12, 1994, at the age of 92, marking the end of his leadership within the Chabad-Lubavitch movement. His legacy continues to be recognized by the Chabad-Lubavitch community, and his teachings remain influential within the movement.

## Commemoration

The anniversary of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson's passing on the 3rd of Tammuz is observed annually within the Chabad-Lubavitch community. Followers often visit his burial site, known as the Ohel, located in Queens, New York. Thousands gather each year to commemorate his passing, paying tribute to his legacy and leadership. It is customary for everyone within the movement to write a "pan" (a letter addressed to the Lubavicher Rebbe) with personal prayers and requests for blessings, which are left at his gravesite.
In addition to these pilgrimages, Chabad institutions and comunities worldwide mark the occasion by organizing Farbrengens (gatherings), . These gatherings focus on Rabbi Schneerson’s teachings and contributions to Jewish thought, which continue to influence the Chabad movement.
# Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia

Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia (CDD), also known as lionitis, is an extremely rare autosomal recessive bone disorder that causes calcium to build up in the skull, disfiguring the facial features and reducing life expectancy.
These calcium deposits decrease the size of cranial foramina, and can decrease the circumference of the cervical spinal canal. In the few cases recorded, most died in childhood.

## Cause

The underlying genetics are uncertain.

## Diagnosis

Among the medical signs are dacryocystitis, seizures, intellectual disability, and paralysis, each of which is a complication resulting from the diminutive foramina. A common sign reported as a result of the disease has been widely spaced eyes.

## Society and culture

Peter Bogdanovich's 1985 drama film Mask drew public attention to the case of Roy Lee "Rocky" Dennis, an American boy with this disorder who died at the age of 16, in 1978.
In the American medical drama Grey's Anatomy episode "Yesterday", Jesse Plemons plays a teenage boy with lionitis.
The main character of the two-issue comic book miniseries Friday the 13th: How I Spent My Summer Vacation by Wildstorm Productions is a 13-year-old boy with the disorder.
In the anthology television series American Horror Story season 1, Beauregard, the brother of Tate and Adelaide, has lionitis.
# Charles Cathcart, 7th Earl Cathcart

Charles Alan Andrew Cathcart, the 7th Earl Cathcart (born 30 November 1952), styled Lord Greenock until 1999, is a Scottish peer and Conservative member of the House of Lords and Chief of the Name and Arms of Clan Cathcart.

## Early life

Cathcart was born on 30 November 1952. He is the only son of Alan Cathcart, 6th Earl Cathcart and the former Rosemary Clare Marie Gabrielle Smyth-Osborne. After his mother's death, his father married Marie, Lady Weldon.
Cathcart was educated at Eton College, an all-boys public school in Berkshire. Having attended the Mons Officer Cadet School, he was commissioned in the Scots Guards, British Army, as a second lieutenant on 5 August 1972. On 2 March 1975, he was moved to the Regular Army Reserve of Officers, thereby ending his period of active service. He ceased to belong to the reserve on 5 August 1980.

## Career

Lord Cathcart was an Associate Member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants. He succeeded to the title Earl Cathcart upon the death of his father, Alan Cathcart, 6th Earl Cathcart, in 1999.

### Parliamentary career

In 2007 he was elected as one of the 92 remaining hereditary peers, replacing The Lord Mowbray. In April 2019, he opposed an extension to the Article 50 process, stating that "every English and Welsh region outside the M25 would be happy to leave the EU without a deal if no agreement has been reached by the end of next week."

## Personal life

In 1981 he married Vivien Clare Skinner; she is an interior decorator under the name Vivien Greenock. Together, they have two children:
* Lady Laura Rosemary Cathcart (born 1984); a member of the Dames of Malta, she married author and journalist William Cash, son of Sir Bill Cash, in 2014.
* Alan George Cathcart, Lord Greenock (born 1986)

### Descendants

Through his daughter, Lady Laura, he is a grandfather of Cosima Cash (born 2015) and Rex William Charles Cash (born 2017).