OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Erast Huculak

Erast R. Huculak, CM (December 3, 1930 – March 2, 2013) was a Canadian businessman, public figure and philanthropist of Ukrainian descent. President of Medical Pharmacies Group. He was the founder of the Canadian Children of Chornobyl Foundation and head of the Ukrainian Canadian Congress in Oshawa (1966; 1973–1974). In 1993 he served as an adviser to the Prime Minister of Ukraine. From 2004 to 2013 he was the Honorary Consul of Ukraine in Canada.

## Biography

Huculak was born in Rivne, Second Polish Republic (nowadays – Ukraine). He was the son of the historian and geographer Mykhailo Hutsulyak.
In the summer of 1948 he emigrated with his family to Vancouver, British Columbia. Erast graduated from King Edward High School and then studied at the Faculty of Pharmacy at the University of British Columbia. After graduating from university in 1955, he opened a small pharmacy in Oshawa, which later grew into the "Medical Pharmacies Group". At the age of 35, Huculak became a millionaire.
He was one of co-founders of Canadian Children of Chornobyl Foundation. In 1966 and from 1973 to 1974 he served as a head of the Ukrainian Canadian Congress in Oshawa. In 1989, he established the Huculak Chair of Ukrainian Culture and Ethnography at the University of Alberta.
In 1993 he was appointed as an Adviser to the Prime Minister of Ukraine. From 2004 to 2013 he was the Honorary Consul of Ukraine in Canada.
Erast Huculak died on March 2, 2013, in Toronto, Ontario.

## Awards

In 2001 Huculak received an honorary degree from the University of Alberta.
* 2001: Second Class of the Order of Merit of Ukraine
* 2006: Member of the Order of Canada
* 2013: Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal
# Samantha Sacramento

Samantha Jane Sacramento is a barrister and former Gibraltar politician. She was the Minister for the Health Authority, Justice, Multiculturalism, Equality and Community Affairs in the Government of Gibraltar.
Samantha Sacramento was born in Gibraltar. She attended school in Gibraltar before studying law at the University of Wales in Cardiff, where she obtained LLB and LLM degrees. She qualified as a barrister and joined the Middle Temple.
Between 2001 and 2003 Sacramento worked in the legal team of the Commission for Racial Equality in Cardiff. In 2004 she returned to Gibraltar where she practised as a barrister at Attias & Levy, specialising in commercial and civil litigation.
Sacramento was elected as a member of the Gibraltar Parliament for the Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party in the December 2011 general election. Following the election she was appointed Minister for Social Services and Equality in the government of Fabian Picardo, becoming Gibraltar's first minister for equality. In June 2013 Sacramento deputised for the Chief Minister of Gibraltar during his absence from Gibraltar, becoming the first woman to do so.
In a ministerial reshuffle in 2014 Sacramento was also appointed as Minister for Tourism and Housing.
In the 2016 ministerial reshuffle, Sacramento became Minister for Housing and Equality, which included responsibility for civic rights, citizen's advice, the ombudsman service, consumer affairs, data protection and health and safety. On 15 September 2023, it was announced that she and two other Government MPs and Ministers, Paul Balban and Albert Isola, would not stand for re-election.
# Ateuchus histeroides

Ateuchus histeroides is a species of dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.
# Mary Wicks Bennett

Mary Wicks Bennett (April 28, 1819 – July 31, 1898) was an American Shaker apostate and magazine editor.
Mary Wicks was born on April 28, 1819 in Reading, New York, one of ten children of Job Wicks and Polly Prentiss. In 1824, the Wicks family joined the Shaker community at Watervliet, probably due to poverty. In January 1825, Mary and her brother Thomas were moved away from their family to the Shaker community in New Lebanon.
During the Era of Manifestations, Wicks participated in a number of activities that were thought to manifestations of the spirit world, such as spirit visions from an angel named Sha Ka Na La Vinda. In 1843, she and Semantha Fairbanks created a series of "sacred sheets", Shaker gift drawings made in pen and ink. Some of those drawings were covered in a kind of sacred writing that has been described as "visual glossolalia."
In September 1846, she and her future husband DeRobigne Mortimer Bennett and another Shaker couple secretly fled New Lebanon permanently. They married and engaged in a number of failed business ventures over the years.
In 1873, they founded a freethought publication called The Truth Seeker. The reputation of the magazine grew but it also ran afoul of the Comstock Laws and D. M. Bennett was jailed for 11 months, forcing Mary Bennett to take over as editor and publisher. He died in 1884 and she sold the magazine to Eugene Macdonald the next year.

## Gallery

* A sacred sheet sent from holy mother wisdom by her angel of many signs
# Sir Richard Gilpin, 1st Baronet

Sir Richard Thomas Gilpin, 1st Baronet (12 January 1801 – 8 April 1882) was an English Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1851 to 1880.
Gilpin was the only son of Richard Gilpin of Hockliffe, who was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Bedfordshire Militia, and his second wife, Sarah Wilkinson, fourth daughter of William Wilkinson of Westmorland. He was educated at Rugby School and at Christ's College, Cambridge and after a brief spell as a Captain in the Bedfordshire Militia in 1820 he joined the regular army. He served in the 14th Light Dragoons and the Rifle Brigade, eventually reaching the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. As a half-pay officer he returned to the Bedfordshire Militia as Major under his father in 1840, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in 1847 and then to Colonel the following year. At the time the Militia was moribund, but it was reorganised in 1852 and he commanded the regiment until 24 January 1879, when he became its Honorary Colonel.
He was also Deputy Lieutenant and J.P. for Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire and High Sheriff of Bedfordshire in 1850.
In 1851 Gilpin was elected Member of Parliament for Bedfordshire. He held the seat until 1880. He was in favour of civil and religious liberty. He was created baronet 'of Hockliffe Grange, in the County of Bedford' on 19 February 1876.
In 1831, Gilpin married Mrs Louisa Turton, née Browne (d. 1871), former wife of Mr Thomas Turton (later Sir Thomas Edward Mitchell Turton) whom she divorced for adultery in 1831 in a famous case Turton vs Turton 1829–1831. Louisa was eldest daughter of General Gore Browne of Weymouth; her first marriage in 1812 to Thomas Turton, son of a baronet, was dissolved by the House of Lords decision 1831 permitting Louisa to divorce her husband. Louisa Turton was only the second woman so permitted (after Mrs Addison in 1801), and the decision also allowed her to remarry.
Gilpin died at the age of 81. The officers of the Bedfordshire Militia placed a stained glass window in St Paul's Church, Bedford, in his memory. The 9th Duke of Bedford arranged for the 1855 Regimental colours to be placed by the sides of the memorial window when they were replaced in 1883.
His entailed estates were inherited by his niece Amy Mary Louisa Meux-Smith, and her husband, the racehorse trainer Peter Valentine Purcell, who both adopted the surname Gilpin.
Coat of arms of Sir Richard Gilpin, 1st Baronet :
* CrestIn front of three tilting spears points upwards, one in pile and two in saltire Proper, as many mascles interlaced fesswise Or.
* EscutcheonOr a boar passant Sable in chief two roses Gules barbed and seeded Proper.
* MottoUne Foy Mesme (The Same Faith)
# 1865–66 Colombian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in the United States of Colombia in 1865 and February 1866. The electors were elected in 1865 and elected the president the following year. The result was a victory for Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera of the Liberal Party.

## Electoral system

The 1863 constitution changed the electoral system from a direct vote to an indirect vote. The President was now elected on the basis of which candidate received the most votes in each state, with a candidate required to win in at least five of the nine states to be elected. If no candidate received a majority, Congress would elect the President from the main contenders.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | States won |
| | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera | Liberal Party | 7 |
| | José Hilario López | Liberal Party | 1 |
| | Pedro Justo Berrío | Conservative Party | 1 |
| Total | Total | Total | 9 |
| Source: PDBA ||||
# The Year 4338: Petersburg Letters

The Year 4338: Petersburg Letters (Russian: 4338-й год: Петербургские письма) is an 1835 novel by Vladimir Odoevsky. It is a futuristic novel, set in the year 4338, a year before Biela's Comet was to collide with the Earth as computed in the 1820s although the comet burned up later in the nineteenth century. This work was originally conceived as the third part of a trilogy, which was also to have featured depictions of Russia in the time of Peter the Great and in the author's contemporary period, the 1830s. The first part was never written and the second and futuristic parts remained unfinished. Fragments were published in 1835 and 1840, with the fullest version appearing in 1926.
The world described in Odoevsky's work is in some respects similar to the 21st century and yet differs significantly from the actual present. Some of the technological advances included in the Petersburg Letters are air and space travel, the telephone, artificially controlled climates and the ability to photocopy. Hallucinogenic and truth drugs, in the forms of gaseous drinks and "magnetic baths" remove hypocrisy from social life. In this envisioned future, Russia and China are the centers of global power. Russia and China united their efforts to avoid Earth's collision with another planet. In the novel, China is described as having experienced a "deadly stagnation" which came to an end with the rule of Hin Gin in the 39th century. The main character of the story is actually a Chinese student, Ippolit Tsunguev, (not a Russian character, as might be expected) who attends St. Petersburg's "Main School". His letters to his fellow students constitute the novel.
# Bagnolo stele

The Bagnolo steles are two stone boulders found in Ceresolo-Bagnolo, Malegno commune, Brescia province, Lombardia, Northern Italy, at the base of Monte Mignone, at an altitude of ca. 700 m. Bagnolo 1 was discovered in 1963, bearing depictions of 14 items, engraved by hammering. Recognizable are drawings of a Sun, an axe and several daggers of the "Remedello" type, a belt and an ibex.
In 1972, Bagnolo 2 was discovered, a similar stele with 16 engravings, showing the same daggers and axes, and a Sun, as well as a figure of a dog, and a ploughman with a team of two oxen, and patterns interpreted as necklaces and pendants.
Fragments of other engraving were found in nearby Ossimo and Borno.
From the style of the daggers depicted, the engravings have been dated to the Italian Chalcolithic, early to mid 3rd millennium BC, probably predating the presence of Indo-Europeans on the peninsula.
# Serixia atra

Serixia atra is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1936.
# McGhee

McGhee is a surname. People with the surname include:

## People with the surname

* Alison McGhee (born 1960), American author
* Bill McGhee (1905–1984), American baseball player
* Brownie McGhee (1915–1996), American blues musician
* Carla McGhee (born 1968), American basketball player
* Darius McGhee (born 1999), American basketball player
* David McGhee (born 1976), English football player
* Doc McGhee (born 1950), American band manager
* Ed McGhee (1924–1986), American baseball player
* Ethel McGhee Davis (1899–1990), American educator, social worker, and college administrator
* Fredrick McGhee (1861–1912), American lawyer and civil rights activist
* Gary McGhee (born 1988), American basketball player
* George C. McGhee (1912–2005), American geologist and diplomat
* George Louis McGhee (1925–2000), American marriage and family therapist
* George McGhee (footballer) (1883–1944), English footballer
* Heather McGhee (born 1980), American author
* Henry McGhee (1898–1959), British dentist and politician
* Howard McGhee (1918–1987), American jazz musician
* James McGhee (1862–1941), Scottish football player
* James William McGhee (1882–1968), American inventor
* Jim McGhee (1930–2019), Scottish footballer
* Jimmy McGhee (active 1920s), United States–based soccer player
* Joe McGhee (1929–2015), Scottish marathon runner
* John McGhee (1945–1975), Scottish football player
* Jordan McGhee (born 1996), Scottish football player
* Joseph McGhee (1872–1951), American politician
* Kanavis McGhee (born 1968), American football player
* Lorna McGhee (born 1972), Scottish flutist and teacher
* Mark McGhee (born 1957), Scottish football player and coach
* Melissa McGhee (born 1984), American singer
* Monta McGhee (born 1979), American basketball player
* Richard McGhee (1851–1930), Irish merchant and politician
* Sticks McGhee (1918–1961), American blues guitarist
* Thomas McGhee (1929–2018), English footballer
* Timothy Joseph McGhee (born 1973), American mass murderer
* William McGhee (1930–2007), American actor
# Orthasterias

Orthasterias is a genus of sea stars in the family Asteriidae. Orthasterias koehleri, the rainbow star or red-banded sea star, is the only species in the genus. It is found in the North Pacific Ocean.

## Description

The rainbow star is a large starfish, growing to a diameter of about 50 centimetres (20 in) with an arm length of 21 centimetres (8.3 in). It usually has five slender tapering arms and the aboral (upper) surface is pink or red with irregular patches or bands of darker red, orange or grey. The surface is covered with sharp white or mauve spines, each surrounded by a ring of pedicellariae, tiny pincer-like organs.

## Distribution and habitat

The rainbow star is found in northern parts of the Pacific Ocean with its range extending from California to Alaska at depths down to about 250 metres (820 ft). It also occurs in mid-ocean on knolls and seamounts. It is an uncommon species and is usually found on soft bottoms of mud or sand, or on kelp or rock surfaces.

## Biology

The rainbow star is a predator and feeds on a range of invertebrates including gastropod molluscs, limpets, bivalves, brachiopods, chitons, barnacles and tunicates. In Alaska, it especially favours the ribbed clam Humilaria kennerleyi. It can dig up clams buried in the substrate and force the valves apart with the suction provided by its tube feet. It then everts part of its stomach, thrusting a fold inside the bivalve and excreting digestive enzymes onto the tissues. When these have liquefied sufficiently, the stomach engulfs them and is returned to its normal position inside the starfish.
The rainbow star is sometimes attacked by a voracious predator, the morning sun star (Solaster dawsoni). It attempts to defend itself by winding its arms round the attacker and nipping it with its thousands of pedicellariae.
# Mary Jane Windle

Mary Jane Windle (born February 16, 1825) was an American short-story writer and journalist.

## Life and career

Mary Jane Windle was born on February 16, 1825 in Wilmington, Delaware.
Windle published two collections of her short stories of historical fiction, Truth and Fancy (1850) and Legend of the Waldenses, and Other Tales (1852). Zohara Boyd writes that Windle's is "irritating and boring" and wildly historically inaccurate.
Windle worked in Washington DC as a society columnist. Her observations of Washington society and Congressional proceedings were praised at the time. Windle's sympathies were unabashedly anti-Northern. Boyd writes: "In Windle's sketches, Southern delegates, cabinet members, and judges are all uniformly handsome, learned, and eloquent; Northerners are all cold, haughty, and wrongheaded. Southern women, of course, are prettier, more elegant, and more sweet-tempered."
Windle was arrested under suspicion for being a Confederate spy. She was apprehended on August 22, 1861, leaving Alexandria, Virginia. Mary Chestnut wrote in her diary that Windle was "boldy proclaiming herself a secessionist & saying she is in correspondence with Confederate leaders." At the end of the war, she was arrested again, one of a number of people in the capitol arrested for seditious outbursts following President Lincoln's assassination,. In Reveille in Washington, Margaret Leech writes "Windle was accused of maliciously tearing down flags from her boardinghouse, and throwing them into the street"
At some point, for unknown reasons, she began going by the name Mary Jane McLane and was even crossing out references to Mary Jane Windle she found at the Library of Congress and replacing them with Mary Jane McLane.
In 1882, she was living in an attic in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in poverty after loaning most of her money to a relative who died without repaying her. The Philadelphia Times described her: "Sometimes she carries in her hand a huge umbrella; sometimes an immense handkerchief grasped by one corner and floating about her like a flag, and occasionally she displays in her cotton gloved hands a huge slice of bread and butter as she walks."

## Works

* Truth and Fancy (1850)
* Legend of the Waldenses, and Other Tales (1852)
* Life at White Sulphur Springs, or Pictures of a Pleasant Summer (1857)
* Life in Washington and Life Here and There (1859)
# Henrikas Juškevičius

Henrikas Juškevičius (born 1935 in Šiauliai, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian electrical engineer and journalist who has held the title of Adviser of the Director-General of UNESCO on Communication, Information and Administration issues since 2001.

## Biography

Juškevičius graduated from the Leningrad Electrotechnical Communication Institute with a degree in radiocommunications and broadcast engineering. He worked at the Lithuanian Television Centre from 1958 to 1960, and was head of the technological department of Lithuanian television and radio from 1960 to 1966. In this capacity, he led the development of Lithuanian television and radio infrastructure. He joined the Union of Journalists in 1966.
In 1966, he was designated the director of the Technical Centre at the International Radio and Television Organization (OIRT - Intervision), headquartered in Prague, a position he held until 1971. During this time, he helped develop television news exchanges between Intervision and Eurovision. In 1968, he became a member of the Eurovision and Intervision Operations Group and a member of the Television Commission of the International Olympic Committee; for the latter work, he was awarded the Silver Order of the International Olympic Committee.
During the 1970s and 1980s, Juškevičius served as Vice-Chairman of the USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting, as chairman of the Interministerial Committee for Radio and Television Development and as a member of the Interministerial Committee for Satellite Communication.
In September 1990 he became involved with UNESCO, playing a leading role in the implementation of UNESCO's new communication strategy in the interest of freedom of the press, pluralism, and strengthening the communication capacities of developing countries, and overseeing the restructuring of the Secretariat.
Juškevičius is a member of the International Academy of Electrotechnical Sciences, the Russian Academy of Information, the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, and the International Institute of Communications, the vice-president of the Eurasian Academy of Television and Radio, and the vice-president of the Baden-Baden Foundation. He has been awarded with a Doctorate Honoris Causa by the Canadian International Institute for Advanced Studies in Systems Research and Cybernetics.
# Hagood

Hagood may refer to:

## Places

* Hagood, South Carolina, unincorporated community in Sumter County, South Carolina, United States
* Hagood-Mauldin House, on the National Register of Historic Places, in Pickens, South Carolina
* Hagood Mill, operational water-powered gristmill built in 1845 by James Hagood near Pickens, South Carolina

## People
### Given name

* Hagood Clarke (born 1942), American former college and professional football player
* Hagood Hardy, CM (1937–1997), Canadian composer, pianist, and vibraphonist

### Surname

* E. Allison Hagood (born 1966), American Professor of psychology and author
* James D. Hagood (1889–1972), American politician and physician from Virginia
* Jay Hagood (born 1973), former American football offensive lineman
* Johnson Hagood (general) (1873–1948), served in France in World War I
* Johnson Hagood (governor) (1829–1898), 80th Governor of South Carolina from 1880 to 1882
* Kenny Hagood ("Pancho" Hagood) (1926–1989), American jazz vocalist
* Margaret Jarman Hagood "Marney" Hagood (1907–1963), American sociologist and demographer
# Henry Bridges (priest)

Henry Bridges (4 July 1675 – 9 May 1728) was an English Anglican priest.
The son of James Brydges, 8th Baron Chandos, he was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He was Archdeacon of Rochester from 1720 until his death.
# Seongnam Arts Center

The Seongnam Arts Center (성남아트센터) is the largest venue for cultural events in the city of Seongnam. It is in Yatap-dong in Bundang, within a few minutes' walk of Imae Station. And it is situated near the Taewon High school. So students of this school often visit Seongnam Arts Center. The Seongnam Arts Center was first opened on 14 October 2005 by the Seongam Cultural Foundation.

## Performing venues

The Seongnam Arts Center is able to put on any kind of performance from ballet, to opera, to jazz, in its three main performance areas:
* The Opera House seats 1,805 and is capable of hosting operas, musicals, plays, ballets, and concerts. It is intended as a link between local and international culture.
* The Concert Hall was acoustically designed with classical music performances in mind. This two-story facility seats 996.
* The Ensemble Theatre, seats 398, in addition to the regular stage, has a T-stage wrapping itself around the seats, allowing the performance to come closer to the audience.

## Galleries

The arts center is also home to two galleries displaying work from both international and domestic artists. The facility is divided into 5 exhibition rooms in two separate sections of the Arts Center:
* The Main Gallery has three exhibition rooms and is located under the Opera House.
* The Annex Gallery has two exhibition rooms and is located on the first floor of the Ensemble Theater.

## Other facilities

In the Opera House, on the first floor, a free daycare is available for parents while they enjoy the performance. Space is limited to about 15 children, which are supervised by two trained childcare specialists. On the next floor down, The Uptown Dinner provides casual Italian food in a comfortable atmosphere while a convenience store close by sells snacks.
The Seongnam Arts Center Art Shop is underneath the Ensemble Theater, selling works by first-class artists. By the Art Shop, flowers can be purchased in the Arts Flower Shop. There is also ample parking space, both above and below the ground.
Known as the Academy, a variety of courses are available for the public in the areas of both fine and the performing arts. Facilities such as music, ballet and art rooms are in the Concert Hall and the Ensemble Theater.

## Events

* 2009: musical, Namhansanseong is based on the novel of the same name by Kim Hoon, which is based on the incident of Byeongjahoran, in which during the Second Manchu invasion of Korea in 1636, when King Injo of Joseon Dynasty took refuge in the Namhan Mountain Fortress in Gyeonggi-do, in an ill-fated attempt to defy the rule of the Manchu Qing Empire Hong Taiji, following the First Manchu invasion of Korea in 1627. But the musical focuses on the lives of common people and their spirit of survival during harsh situations. It stars Yesung of boy band Super Junior as villain "Jung Myung-soo", a servant-turned-interpreter. It was shown from 9 October to 4 November at the Opera House.