OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Homosexuality and Citizenship in Florida

Homosexuality and Citizenship in Florida, also known as the Purple Pamphlet, was an anti-homosexual propaganda pamphlet published in January 1964 by the Florida Legislative Investigation Committee (FLIC) of the Florida Legislature led by State Senator Charley Johns. The booklet contained several pornographic images and a glossary of terminology used in the gay community. It was sold for 25 cents a copy, with a discount for bulk orders of 100 copies or more.
The Johns Committee had for several years conducted a witch hunt for homosexuals in public schools, universities, and state government agencies, believing they were part of a Communist strategy to "subvert the American way of life by controlling academic institutions and by corrupting the nation's moral fiber." By publishing its findings, the Committee hoped to persuade the Legislature to enact comprehensive anti-homosexual legislation, and to "shock Floridians into accepting its program."
   [The report] viewed homosexuals as the carriers of a degenerative disease that posed a greater menace to society than child molesters. [...] The committee expected readers to select a theory conforming to its own views, and the pamphlet portrayed gays as sex fiends who spent every free moment searching for anonymous partners, recruiting youth, or transmitting venereal diseases.
Instead of becoming a best-seller as its authors hoped, the Purple Pamphlet provoked a backlash of criticism for its explicit photographs of gay men involved in sexual activities. A Dade County official threatened to bring legal action against the committee, and the Florida Attorney General "warned the FLIC to cease distribution of this 'obscene and pornographic' material." A gay book club in Washington, D.C., sold reprints of the pamphlet for two dollars apiece.
The backlash from the pamphlet controversy destroyed the committee, which disbanded on July 1, 1965, after the Legislature refused to continue to fund its activities. The records of the FLIC's investigations were sealed by the Legislature until 2028, although in the early 1990s, redacted copies were placed in the Florida state archives for public inspection.
# Tournonia

Tournonia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Basellaceae. It only contains one known species, Tournonia hookeriana Moq.
It is native to Colombia and Ecuador in western South America.
The genus name of Tournonia is in honour of Dominique Jérôme Tournon (1758–1829), a French doctor and botanist, botanical garden director in Toulouse. The Latin specific epithet of hookeriana refers to the British botanist and explorer Sir Joseph D. Hooker. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. Vol.13 (Issue 2) on page 225 in 1849.
# Loyal Lives

Loyal Lives is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by Charles Giblyn and starring Brandon Tynan, Mary Carr and Faire Binney.

## Cast

* Brandon Tynan as Dan O'Brien
* Mary Carr as Mary O'Brien
* Faire Binney as Peggy
* William Collier Jr. as Terrence
* Charles Mcdonald as Michael O'Hara
* Blanche Craig as Lizzie O'Hara
* Chester Morris as Tom O'Hara
* Tom Blake as Brady
* Blanche Davenport as Mrs. Brady
* Jack Hopkins as Judkins
* Mickey Bennett as Terrence, as a child
# The Clanranald Trust for Scotland

The Clanranald Trust for Scotland is a recognised non-profit organisation founded in 1995 and based in Carronvalley, Scotland. Its chairman is Charlie Allan.

## Objectives

The prime objectives of the Clanranald Trust for Scotland are the preservation and dissemination of Scottish culture and Scottish heritage through entertainment and education.

### Activities

* Duncarron medieval fort – major construction project: replica of a medieval castle courtyard as a visual interactive visitor attraction
* Educational activities for schools, gala days and public events
* Combat International Team – the official Clanranald fight team for stunt work in film and TV productions
* Additional services to the film industry (actors, fight training, battle choreography, music scoring, video production, etc.)
* Medieval martial arts classes – training on methods of medieval fighting; many members of the class participate in the International Combat Team
* Retailing, costume making and supply, themed room dressing
* Genealogy and Scottish History research services

## History

In 1995 the decision was taken to recreate an original medieval village to illustrate the life and the culture of Scotland at that time. The Trust was established and the proceeds and donations taken by the various activities (see above) flow into this project; more than £400,000 has so far been made available for the construction of Duncarron. A big supporter of the charity is the film actor Russell Crowe, a close friend of the chairman Charlie Allan. Crowe donated the battering ram used during the filming of his 2010 version of Robin Hood nicknamed 'Rosie' by the film crew and was worth £60,000, to The Clanranald Trust to be used for battle re-enactments at the completed Duncarron, built in a forest near the Carron Valley Reservoir in North Lanarkshire.
# All-Party Parliamentary Group for Legal and Constitutional Affairs

The All Party Parliamentary Group for Legal and Constitutional Affairs is an all-party parliamentary group of MPs and Peers within the Parliament of the United Kingdom that aims to "facilitate greater interaction between Parliament and the different branches of the legal profession, and to promote dialogue and understanding of legal and constitutional issues relating to justice and the legal services sector".
The APPG is co-chaired by David Hunt, Baron Hunt of Wirral, a Conservative life peer and solicitor and former Senior Partner at DAC Beachcroft, and by Catherine Atkinson MP, a barrister and Labour MP.
The APPG is jointly supported by The Law Society and the General Council of the Bar.
# Calcutta (song)

"Calcutta" is a German pop song. An instrumental version by American bandleader and TV host Lawrence Welk on the 1961 Dot Records album Calcutta! was a Number One song in the United States, and the most successful hit of Welk's career.

## History

The tune was written in 1958 by the composer Heino Gaze. The original title was "Tivoli Melody", but it was re-titled several times, until it finally was named for the Indian city of Kolkata, known in German as Kalkutta and in English as Calcutta. The German version has lyrics by Hans Bradtke, and is titled "Kalkutta liegt am Ganges" (Calcutta lies on the Ganges). In the English-speaking world, the song was released under the title "Calcutta", and the American songwriting team of Paul Vance and Lee Pockriss wrote English lyrics, celebrating the charms of the "ladies of Calcutta."
Welk's recording of the tune was something of a departure for him. It incorporated his recognizable "trademarks," i.e., the harpsichord lead and an accordion but combined them with handclaps and a brisk rock rhythm.
"Calcutta" stayed atop the US pop chart for two weeks while the album, with its combination of easy listening tunes and covers of then-popular rock singles, charted at #1 for two weeks, spending three months on the chart. At the time "Calcutta" reached #1, Welk, who was 57, became the oldest artist to have a number one pop single in the U.S. (His record would be broken three years later by Louis Armstrong who at age 63 topped the singles charts with "Hello, Dolly!" in early 1964.) "Calcutta" was also a hit on the Hot R&B Sides chart, where it peaked at #10. It proved to be the last top 40 hit of Welk's career.
Dancers Bobby Burgess and Barbara Boylan, cast members on Welk's weekly TV show, worked up a dance routine to go along with "Calcutta", which they performed numerous times on the Welk show over the years.
Apollo 10 1⁄2: A Space Age Childhood, a 2022 film, briefly used the song in the background of a scene.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 1,000,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Chart positions

| Chart (1960-61) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 1 |

## Cover versions

The Four Preps released a 45rpm single vocal version shortly after Welk's recording in 1961, Capitol Records 4508. It briefly entered the Billboard Hot 100.
Al Caiola released a version on his 1961 album Golden Hit Instrumentals, UAS 6142.
The Ventures released a version on their 1963 Dolton album The Ventures Play Telstar and the Lonely Bull, BST 8019.
Les Baxter made a version of the song, which was featured in Volume 3: Space Capades on the 1960s CD compilation Ultra-Lounge.
There is also a vocal version by Marino Marini, and a French-language cover by Petula Clark, Ma Fête À Moi.
There are German versions by Vico Torriani, Die Travellers, and Rainhard Fendrich.
# Drapetodes fratercula

Drapetodes fratercula is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1887. It is found in Sri Lanka, north-eastern Himalaya, Borneo, Bali, and Sulawesi.

## Description

Both wings with the outer margins excised below the apices and angled at vein 4. Body is fulvous yellow. Forewing with a plumbeous line below the costa of forewing from the base to the apex, then passing inside the outer margin to outer angle. The basal area of both wings, and all the markings well defined. The mesothorax, metathorax and abdomen pale. Abdomen has dark bands. Larva salmon pink. Head pale yellow with two brown transverse bands. Anal somite tapering to a bifid point, each somite with six small setaceous glandular spines. Dorsal surface of first, second, and third somites are dull green, whereas fourth, fifth tenth and eleventh somites are brownish. Lateral area of sixth to ninth somites is yellowish. There is a lateral series of six dark brown diagonal stripes. Final instar spins a cocoon in a rolled up lead. Pupa covered with white bloom.

## Ecology

The known host plants of the larvae are cardamom and allies of family Zingiberaceae.
# Santa Anita District

Santa Anita is a district of the Lima Province in Peru. It is part of city of Lima. Officially established as a district on October 25, 1989, from parts of Ate and El Agustino separated by the Rio Surco, a ditch which went all the way to Santiago de Surco.
The current mayor (alcalde) of Santa Anita is Olimpio Alegría Calderón. The district's postal code is 43. The core sections of Santa Anita are: Santa Anita proper, originally a section of Ate; and Los Ficus and Universal, originally sections of El Agustino. Industrial areas to the east of Santa Anita and Universal mark the boundary with Ate.

## Geography

The district has a total land area of 10.69 km$^2$. Its administrative center is located 195 meters above sea level.

### Boundaries

* North: El Agustino
* East: Ate
* South: Ate
* West: El Agustino

## Demographics

According to a 2002 estimate by the INEI, the district has 154,359 inhabitants and a population density of 14,439.6 inhabitants/km$^2$. In 1999, there were 27,908 households in the district.
# To Whom It May Concern

To Whom It May Concern may refer to:

## Albums

* To Whom It May Concern (Bee Gees album), 1972
* To Whom It May Concern, a Blacklite District album, 2016
* To Whom It May Concern..., a 1991 Freestyle Fellowship album
* To Whom It May Concern (Lisa Marie Presley album), 2003
* To Whom It May Concern (Nat King Cole album), 1959
* To Whom It May Concern (Splender album), 2002
* To Whom It May Concern (The Pasadenas album), 1988
* To Whom It May Concern (Oscar Lang album), 2018
* To Whom It May Concern: Piano Solo Tonhalle Zürich, a 2011 album by Irène Schweizer

## Songs

* "To Whom It May Concern", a 2011 song by American rock band Journey, from the album Eclipse
* "To Whom It May Concern", a song and single by the British band Million Dead
* "To Whom It May Concern", a song by American rock band Creed, which appears on The Scorpion King soundtrack
* "To Whom It May Concern", a song by American metalcore band Underoath, which appears on their album Define the Great Line
* "To Whom It May Concern", a song by American-Mexican folk musician Sixto Rodriguez
* "To Whom it May Concern", a song by Yelawolf, a Shady records artist affiliated with southern rap/hip-hop
* "To Whom It May Concern", a song by English new wave band Duran Duran
* "To Whom It May Concern", a song by Australian metalcore band Capture

## Other uses

* To whom it may concern., an independent record label started by Swedish electronic music project iamamiwhoami
* To Whom It May Concern, a 1970s musical by Carol Hall
* "To Whom It May Concern", an anti-war poem by Adrian Mitchell
# Mohamed Eunos bin Abdullah

Mohamed Eunos bin Abdullah (1876 — 12 December 1933) was a pioneer of modern Malay journalism and leader of the Malay community of Singapore. He was the first Malay member of the Municipal Commission of Singapore and the Legislative Council of the Straits Settlements. He was also the founder of Kesatuan Melayu, a political organisation.

## Early life and education

Eunos was born in either Singapore or Sumatra in 1876. His father was a Minangkabau merchant from Sumatra. After graduating from a Malay school in Kampong Glam, he attended Raffles Institution.

## Career

After graduating from Raffles Institution between 1893 and 1894, he was employed as a harbour master attendant in Singapore. He later became a harbour master in Muar, Johor, where he remained for five years before returning to Singapore. He became the first editor of the Utusan Melayu after receiving a job offer from newspaper proprietor Walter Makepeace in 1907. In 1914, he became the editor of the Lembaga Melayu, which was the only Malayan newspaper to be published in the Jawi script at the time. He frequently published editorials supporting Malay nationalism in both newspapers.
Eunos was made a member of the Muslim Advisory Board. In 1921, he helped found the Muslim Institute, which cared for the needs of ordinary Malay residents. In 1922, he was made a justice of the peace. He was later made a member of the Municipal Commission of Singapore, becoming the commission's first Malay member. In 1924, he was appointed a councillor in the Legislative Council of the Straits Settlements, becoming the first Malay to serve in the council.
In 1926, Eunos helped to found the Kesatuan Melayu, the first political organisation established in British Malaya, to compete with the Singapore Islamic Association, which he and his fellow founders described as a "rich man's club". He also served as the organisation's first president. He later petitioned the legislative council to fund the establishment of Kampung Melayu, a settlement which would inculcate a sense of Malay nationalism. The council provided the organisation with a grant to purchase land. A 240-hectare plot of land in eastern Singapore was acquired with the grant, allowing for the establishment of the settlement, which was later renamed Kampong Eunos.

## Personal life and death

Eunos lived on Desker Road. He was a member of the Rotary Club of Singapore, and was the first Malay to address the club. He retired from the legislative council in early 1933, and his health began to deteriorate soon after. He died on 12 December 1933 and was buried in Bidadari Cemetery.
The roads Jalan Eunos, Eunos Avenue, Eunos Crescent, Eunos Link, Eunos Road and Eunos Terrace, as well as the Eunos MRT station, were all named after Eunos.
# NGC 2261

NGC 2261 (also known as Hubble's Variable Nebula or Caldwell 46) is a variable nebula located in the constellation Monoceros. The nebula is illuminated by the star R Monocerotis (R Mon), which is not directly visible itself.

## Observing history

The first recorded observation of the nebula was by William Herschel on 26 December 1783, being described as considerably bright and 'fan-shaped'. It had long been designated as H IV 2, after being the second entry of Herschel's class 4 category for nebulae and star clusters, in his catalogues of nebulae.
NGC 2261 was imaged as Palomar Observatory's Hale Telescope's first light by Edwin Hubble on January 26, 1949, some 20 years after the Palomar Observatory project began in 1928. Hubble had studied the nebula previously at Yerkes and Mt. Wilson. Hubble had taken photographic plates with the Yerkes 24-inch (60.96 cm) reflecting telescope in 1916. Plates were taken using the same telescope in 1908 by F.C. Jordan, allowing Hubble to use a blink comparator to search for any changes over time in the nebula.
NGC 2261 was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope, and an image of the nebula was released in 1999.
A timelapse of NGC 2261 was taken over a period of 6 months by over 20 amateur astronomers at the Big Amateur Telescope from October 2021 – April 2022. In August 2022, the project was resumed as NGC 2261 came out from behind the Sun.

## Descriptions

The star R Monocerotis has lit up a nearby cloud of gas and dust, but the shape and brightness slowly changes visibly even in small telescopes over weeks and months, and the nebula looks like a small comet.
One explanation proposed for the variability is that dense clouds of dust near R Mon periodically block the illumination from the star. This casts a temporary shadow on the nearby clouds.
# Taractrocera anisomorpha

Taractrocera anisomorpha, the large yellow grass-dart or orange grass-dart, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia.
The habitat consists of open eucalypt forests.
The wingspan is about 20 mm.
The larvae feed on Setaria paspalidioides, Eulalia aurea and Sorghum bicolor.
# Andrew Philp

Andrew Philp was a Scotland international rugby union player.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

He played for Edinburgh Institution F.P.

### Provincial career

He played for Edinburgh District in the 1881 inter-city match.
He played for East of Scotland District in the 18 January 1882 match against West of Scotland District.

### International career

He was capped once for Scotland, in 1882.

## Family

He was born to Andrew Philp and Eliza Miller. He had 3 brothers - James, William, and David - and 3 sisters - Margaret, Helen and Eliza Ann. Andrew was the second youngest.
# Boonville, Texas

Boonville was the first county seat of Brazos County, Texas, United States. It is now located in the city of Bryan, Texas.

## History

Boonville was the county seat in Brazos County (established as Navasota County) from 1841 to 1866. The Congress of the Republic of Texas established a committee that purchased its land and named it in honor of Mordecai Boon Sr., nephew of Daniel Boone. The committee that established the town included Mordecai Boon Sr., Joseph Ferguson, J. H. Jones, Eli Seale, and William T. Millican. The town was planned and organized around a town square. Many notable individuals made speeches and sermons at the town courthouse, including Sam Houston and the Reverends William M. Tryon and Robert Alexander. A stage line was extended from Houston through Boonville in 1850. After the Houston and Texas Central Railway was extended from Millican to Bryan in 1866, residents of Boonville elected to make Bryan the county seat.
The former town site is now located in Bryan near State Highway 6. Since the 1990s, a cemetery on Boonville Road has been the last remaining structure associated with Boonville. It is marked by a Texas Centennial monument
The area around the cemetery is now the Boonville Heritage Park as of early 2015. The park has new structures, including a log cabin built in 1856 and relocated from Grimes County. The park also features a Six Flags Over Texas Plaza, a replica of a "Twin Sister" cannon and interpretive panels.
# Hermanus Potgieter

Hermanus Lambertus Potgieter (born 11 January 1953 in Kirkwood, Eastern Cape, South Africa) is a former South African rugby union player.

## Playing career

Potgieter attended the University of Stellenbosch for two years in 1973 and 1974, after which he relocated to the University of the Free State. He went on the play his senior provincial rugby for the Free State and Eastern Province. Potgieter made his test match debut for the Springboks against the World XV on 27 August 1977 at Loftus Versfeld in Pretoria and scored a try on his test debut.

### Test history

| No. | Opposition | Result (SA 1st) | Position | Tries | Date | Venue |
| 1. | World XV | 45–24 | Wing | 1 | 27 August 1977 | Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria |

## Accolades

Potgieter was one of the five Young Players of the Year in 1975, along with Tommy du Plessis, Christo Wagenaar, De Wet Ras and Corrie Pypers. In 1977 he was one of the five players nominated for SA Rugby Player of the Year, when Moaner van Heerden received the award.
# Heavensong

Heavensong: Music of Contemplation and Light is a compilation album released by the Mormon Tabernacle Choir and Orchestra at Temple Square.
The album reached topped the Billboard Classical albums chart. The album features guest artists Igor Gruppman (track 10) and David Foster (track 13). The Bells at Temple Square were also featured (track 1). The album was recorded live in the Tabernacle in Salt Lake City on September 8–12, 2009.

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Billboard Classical | 1 |
# Megalodontes plagiocephalus

Megalodontes plagiocephalus is a species of sawfly native to Europe.
# Price Theory (Milton Friedman)

Price Theory: A Provisional Text is an economics book by Milton Friedman.

## Background

Milton Friedman had a significant impact on graduate education in economics at the University of Chicago. He played a role in shaping the Chicago tradition in price theory, which began with Frank Knight and Jacob Viner in the 1920s and 1930s. This tradition has been spread globally by numerous students and scholars, including Friedman himself, as well as other notable economists from Chicago such as George Stigler, Gary Becker, and Ronald Coase.
Friedman studied mathematics and economics at Rutgers University before pursuing graduate studies at the University of Chicago and later Columbia University. He received his Ph.D. from Columbia in 1946 and held various appointments outside academia during the period from 1935 to 1946. Friedman joined the faculty at the University of Chicago in 1946, where he taught price theory classes.
Despite being known for his work in macroeconomics and monetarism, Friedman's teaching helped solidify the Chicago tradition in price theory. Price theory was a significant aspect of his legacy as a teacher, and he taught the subject from 1946 to 1964 and again from 1972 to 1976. Notable economists who took Friedman's price theory course include James M. Buchanan, Gary Becker, and Robert Lucas Jr., all of whom later became Nobel laureates.

## Summary

Friedman's book Price Theory: A Provisional Text, originally based on lecture notes taken by David I. Fand and Warren J. Gustus in 1951–52. These notes were popular among graduate students and eventually prompted Friedman to work on their publication. The revised edition was prepared when Friedman resumed teaching price theory in the early 1970s.
Friedman's approach to price theory emphasized the insights of Alfred Marshall, combining theoretical analysis with real-world applications. This approach, characterized by its simplicity compared to more mathematically complex theories, offered a powerful tool for addressing a wide range of economic problems. Economists such as Robert Lucas and Gary Becker praised Friedman's approach for its broad applicability and impact.