OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ireland, Texas

Ireland is an unincorporated community in Coryell County, in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 60 in 2000. It is located within the Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood metropolitan area.

## Geography

Ireland is located on Farm to Market Road 932, 16 mi (26 km) northwest of Gatesville in northwestern Coryell County.

## Education

Today, the community is served by the Jonesboro Independent School District.
# Shishido (swordsman)

Shishido (宍戸) is the family name of a Japanese swordsman believed to have been active in the early years of the Edo period (1603–1868). Legend has it that he was a skilled practitioner of the kusarigama (a metal chain attached to a kama and a weight, also known as the chain and sickle), and around the year 1607, he fought a duel against the swordsman Miyamoto Musashi, in which he was killed.
It is debatable whether Shishido actually existed or not. Author William Scott Wilson, in his 2004 book, The Lone Samurai, wrote, "In 1607, Musashi was passing through the province of Iga when he met a man known only by his family name, Shishido, who was a master of the sickle and chain."
The first record of Musashi's duel with Shishido is in the Nitenki (二天記), written in 1776, where he was named Shishido Nanigashi (宍戸某). In Eiji Yoshikawa's 1935–39 novel, Musashi, he was named Shishido Baiken (宍戸梅軒). If fictional, he may have been based on Shishido Ietoshi (宍戸家俊). If he existed, his family name was most likely Shishido, but it is uncertain if his given name was Nanigashi or Baiken.
# Mimene toxopei

Mimene toxopei is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Papua on New Guinea.
The length of the forewings is 16–17 mm.
# Władysław Marcinkowski

Władysław Marcinkowski (June 16, 1858 in Mieszków, Greater Poland Voivodeship – December 10, 1947 in Poznań) was a Polish sculptor who created a monument of Adam Mickiewicz in Miłosław.
He was commander of Organizacja Wojskowa Związek Jaszczurczy (abbreviated OW ZJ), an organisation of Polish resistance in World War II
# Souten Ki Beti

Souten Ki Beti (transl. second Wife's Daughter) is a 1989 Indian Hindi-language drama film, produced and directed by Saawan Kumar. Starring Jeetendra, Rekha and Jaya Prada with music composed by Vedpal.

## Plot

Heart Specialist Dr. Shyam Verma is the only child of his widowed father, Shankar. Shyam who is a complete Casanova woos a beautiful Air Hostess, Radha. One fine day Shyam and Radha get intimate under the inducement of alcohol. Radha gets pregnant but Shyam weds his father's friend Jagannath's daughter, Rukmini. Heartbroken Radha quits her job and relocates to Kashmir where she gives birth to Dipinti. Years later Shyam and Radha meet again while Rukmini finds out about their strong affair. Rukmani gets them to reconcile and marry. Years later when Dipinti turns 16 years old, she falls in love with rich lad Amit Mehra. Amit's dad, Advocate Mehra, who refuses to permit his 20-year-old son to marry the daughter of a mistress, and a woman born out of wedlock. Dr. Shyam went then feels insecure about her daughter's marriage. At that time his friend Advocate Narendra came to him to ask dipinti's hand for his son Raja in marriage. At their engagement Dipinti goes senseless and Shyam ensured that she has conceived Amit's child. Then the couple marries at rukmini's advice and advocate Mehra lodged a case against all of them as none of the couple was adult. Before the final decision of court Radha requests Mehra to took his complain back as she and Dipinti is going some elsewhere. Mehra was convinced to took his complain back. When Dipinti and Radha was leaving home Rukmini stopped them and committed suicide. As her last wish Shyam again marries Radha in front of public and Mehra apologized and took dipinti as his daughter-in-law.

## Cast

* Jeetendra as Dr. Shyam Verma
* Rekha as Mrs. Radha Verma
* Jaya Prada as Mrs. Rukmini Verma
* Dipinti as Dolly Verma
* Sumeet Saigal as Amit Mehra
* Vijayendra Ghatge as Advocate Narendra
* Talat Hussain as Advocate Mehra

## Soundtrack

The songs were written by Saawan Kumar himself and the music was composed by Vedpaal.
| Song | Singer |
| "Hum Bhool Gaye Re Har Baat" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Kahan The Aap" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Likh Diya Hai Yeh" | Anuradha Paudwal |
| "Main To Bas Patni Hoon Unki, Tu Saajan Ka Pyar Hai" | Sadhana Sargam, Anuradha Paudwal |
| "Yeh Jo Halka Halka Suroor Hai, Sab Teri Nazar Ka Kasoor Hai" | Kishore Kumar, Anuradha Paudwal |
| "Barah Maheene Line Maari, Phir Bhi Laga Na Number" | Kishore Kumar, Meghna |
| "Kaun Sunega Kisko Sunaaye" | Kishore Kumar |
# Soul Sphere

Soul Sphere is the fourth studio album by American progressive metalcore band Born of Osiris. The album was released on October 23, 2015 through Sumerian Records.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Exclaim! | 5/10 |
| Impericon | 74% |
| MetalSucks | |
In a critical review for Exclaim!, Calum Slingerland wrote that Soul Sphere was closer to capturing the band's prior virtuosic pursuits than Tomorrow We Die ∆live, though he further criticized the EDM influence and below-average lyricism.

## Personnel

* Ronnie Canizaro – lead vocals
* Lee McKinney – guitars
* David Da Rocha – bass
* Joe Buras – keyboards, synthesizers, backing vocals
* Cameron Losch – drums

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 67 |
# South American Beach Volleyball Circuit

The South American Beach Volleyball Circuit is a unisex sport competition for national teams in the sport of beach volleyball. The championship is held annually by the CSV (the South American volleyball federation) since 2005.

## Format

The circuit has used the same format since the 2005 edition, all twelve CSV affiliated federations can host a tournament in the circuit called "stop". Once the stops have been stablished, the other eleven federations can enter up to two teams in each stop, any federation can choose to send two teams, only one team or non at all in both female and male tournaments; after the eleven visiting federations have declared their teams, the host federation can 'fill' the tournament with country quotas until there are 16 or 24 teams entered.
Each stop of 16 has the teams divided into four pools with four teams each, each pool plays a round-robin and the top two move on to quarterfinals, then semifinals and the final game. Each stop of 24 has the teams divided into six pools of four, each pool plays a round-robin and the top two teams from each pool plus the 4 best third places move on to the round of 16, then quarterfinals, semifinals and the final game, however, never has a stop has had 24 teams entered.
After a stop, each federation is given a score based on its best team's final ranking. After all stops have ended, the federation with the most points is declared the champion.

## History
### Men's tournament

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2005-06 Details | Brazil | Uruguay | Argentina |
| 2006-07 Details | Brazil | Uruguay | Chile |
| 2007-08 Details | Argentina | Uruguay | Brazil |
| 2008-09 Details | Chile | Uruguay | Brazil |
| 2009-10 | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled |
| 2011-12 Details | Brazil | Chile | Venezuela |
| 2012-13 Details | Brazil | Chile | Venezuela |
| 2013-14 Details | Brazil | Chile | Argentina |
| 2014-15 | Brazil | Venezuela | Chile |
| 2015-16 | Brazil | Argentina | Venezuela |
| 2016-17 | Brazil | Chile | Argentina |
| 2021-22 | - | - | - |

### Women's tournament

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2005-06 Details | Brazil | Uruguay | Paraguay |
| 2006-07 Details | Brazil | Uruguay | Argentina |
| 2007-08 Details | Brazil | Argentina | Uruguay |
| 2008-09 Details | Brazil | Colombia | Argentina |
| 2009-10 | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled |
| 2011-12 Details | Brazil | Venezuela | Uruguay |
| 2012-13 Details | Brazil | Argentina | Chile |
| 2013-14 Details | Brazil | Argentina | Colombia |
| 2014-15 | Brazil | Venezuela | Argentina |
| 2015-16 | Brazil | Venezuela | Colombia |
| 2016-17 | Brazil | Argentina | Paraguay |
| 2021-22 | - | - | - |
# Southern broad-footed mole

The southern broad-footed mole (Scapanus occultus) is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found only in the U.S. state of California and northernmost Baja California in Mexico.

## Taxonomy

It was formerly considered a subspecies of the northern broad-footed mole (S. latimanus), with the combined species being known as the broad-footed mole, but a 2021 study found sufficient anatomical and genetic divergence to split both as distinct species. The Mexican mole (S. anthonyi) was formerly thought to be a subspecies of the broad-footed mole but is now also considered a distinct species.

## Distribution

It ranges from the throughout the southern Sierra Nevada and most of southern California from San Luis Obispo south to the U.S.-Mexico border, and along the Peninsular Ranges into northernmost Baja California. In the two areas where S. occultus and S. latimanus are sympatric (a portion of the southern Sierra Nevada and the northern portion of Santa Barbara), S. occultus inhabits lower altitudes and S. latimanus inhabits higher ones.

## Description

S. occultus is overall smaller in body size than S. latimanus, and has a longer and wider skull.
# Spall, Germany

Spall is a municipality in the district of Bad Kreuznach in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
# Spallanzania hebes

Spallanzania hebes is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

Canada, United States, Mexico, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Finland, Sweden, Bulgaria, Corse, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Switzerland, Kazakhstan, Iran, Israel, Mongolia, Russia, Azerbaijan, China, India
# Southeast Asians in the United Kingdom

Southeast Asians have lived in the United Kingdom for several centuries, arriving from Southeast Asia and primarily originating from countries and territories such as the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Burma, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

## Population history

Southeast Asian is not a category used in official statistics in the United Kingdom, but has been considered as a particular ethnic identity, including by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and Southeast Asians have been studied academically as a distinct group.
The country had a small population of Filipinos, Singaporeans and Malaysians until the late 20th century. The number started to grow in the 1970s after the passage of the Commonwealth Immigrants Act and its amendment in 1968 which curtailed extensive rights to immigrate to the UK for Commonwealth citizens. This Act had the effect of more immigration from non-Commonwealth countries, such as the Philippines.
The 2001 UK census recorded 9,924 Burmese-born people residing in the United Kingdom.

### Country of birth

The figures below represent data collected for the 2021 United Kingdom census with the country as a reported birthplace recorded (i.e. does not include British born people of Southeast Asian origin). The census in Scotland was delayed for a year and took place in 2022.
| State/Territory | England (2021) | Scotland (2022) | Wales (2021) | Northern Ireland (2021) | United Kingdom (2021/22) |
| Philippines | 149,474 | 6,245 | 5,542 | 3,701 | 164,962 |
| Malaysia | 59,674 | 5,295 | 1,836 | 871 | 67,676 |
| Singapore | 39,637 | 3,725 | 1,287 | 360 | 45,009 |
| Thailand | 47,597 | 6,948 | 2,112 | 725 | – |
| Vietnam | 36,442 | 6,948 | 772 | 237 | – |
| Indonesia | 11,858 | 6,948 | 320 | 239 | – |
| Myanmar | 10,410 | 6,948 | 214 | 48 | – |
| Brunei | 4,350 | 6,948 | 163 | 24 | – |
| Cambodia | 1,500 | 6,948 | 33 | 27 | – |
| Other Southeast Asia | 15,582 | 6,948 | 108 | – | – |
| Total | 376,524 | 22,214 | 12,348 | 6,232 | 417,318 |

### Ethnic group

| Ethnic group | England (2021) | Scotland (2022) | Wales (2021) | Northern Ireland (2021) | United Kingdom (2021/22) |
| Filipinos | 155,996 | To be published, only 2011 figures available | 6,142 | 4,449 | 166,587 |
| Thai | 38,279 | To be published, only 2011 figures available | 1,683 | 373 | 40,335 |
| Vietnamese | 36,643 | To be published, only 2011 figures available | 815 | 117 | 37,575 |
| Malay | 12,407 | To be published, only 2011 figures available | 466 | 143 | 13,016 |
| Burmese/Myanma | 7,338 | To be published, only 2011 figures available | 177 | 18 | 7,533 |
| Indonesian | 7,145 | To be published, only 2011 figures available | 199 | 124 | 7,468 |
| Total | 257,808 | TBC | 9,482 | 5,224 | 272,514 |

## In media

In 2008, ABS-CBN reported that acting parts in the British film industry were rare for Southeast Asian British people.

## Subgroups

* Southeast Asians
** Burmese
** Filipinos
** Indonesians
** Malaysians
** Singaporeans
** Thais
** Vietnamese
# Southern valve gear

Southern valve gear was briefly popular on steam locomotives in the United States. It combines elements of the Walschaerts and Baker patterns.

## History

Southern valve gear was devised by locomotive designers on the Southern Railway and used on many locomotives on that line. The first patent was issued to Wm. Sherman Brown in 1906. He continued work and another patent, U.S. Patent No. 1,033,532, was issued July 23, 1912. The gear was first tested on Mikado 586 in February, 1913 at Southern Knoxville Shops. It was specified for some USRA standard locomotive designs, though many locomotives constructed to these patterns used Walschaerts or Baker valve gear instead. The Southern valve gear was used on many Southern Railway locomotives, including survivors 630 and 722. It was also used on East Broad Top numbers 16-18, which survive today. 16 was restored to operational condition in 2023.

## Operation

Unlike the Walschaerts and Baker systems, the Southern valve gear dispensed with the combination lever which transmitted some of the crosshead motion to the valves. As with those systems it used a return crank on a driver (instead of the eccentrics used by the Stephenson valve gear). The return crank attached to the eccentric rod, which hung from a pivot close to the far end of the eccentric rod. This pivot attached to the end of the radius hanger, the other end of which attached to a link block which slid back and forth in a track curved in the same manner as the expansion link of a Walschaerts gear. In this system, however, the track was fixed in place; sliding the link block back and forth controlled reversing and cutoff.
At the end of the eccentric rod, close to the radius hanger, the rod connected to the transmission yoke. The upper end of this rod connected to a bellcrank, which translated the up and down motion of the transmission yoke into back and forth motion of the valves.
The mechanism is a little less obvious than that of the other types, but control is fundamentally like that of the Baker system. In this case the controlling factor is the angle between the radius hanger and the transmission yoke; when they are parallel, there is little up-down motion of the transmission yoke and the engine is centered. As link block moves back and forth, the angle of the radius hanger changes, and the up and down motion of the transmission yoke in response to the back and forth motion of the eccentric rod is increased or decreased.
# Soňa Balunová

Soňa (Sonja) Balunová, née Buriánová (8 June 1924 — 1 February 2013) was a Czechoslovak pair skater. With Miloslav Balun, she became the 1954 European bronze medalist and a six-time national champion. She also competed in volleyball and athletics.
Balunová began working as a skating coach in Prague. She later worked in Russia (1963–1964) and Linz, Austria (three decades from 1967). She married Balun in 1950. Their daughter, Sonja Balun (born in 1955), competed for Austria in ladies' single skating.

## Competitive highlights

With Miloslav Balun
International :
| Event | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 |
| European Championships | 6th | | 6th | | 3rd | 7th |
| National |||||||
| Czechoslovak Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
# South Cotabato Provincial Board

The South Cotabato Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of South Cotabato.
The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into two districts, the first district sending three members, and the second district sending seven members to the provincial board; the number of candidates the electorate votes for and the number of winning candidates depends on the number of members their district sends. The vice governor is the ex officio presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system province wide.
The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of South Cotabato.
Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay (ABC, from its old name "Association of Barangay Captains"), the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) and the Philippine Councilors League (PCL). South Cotabato's provincial board also has a reserved seat for its indigenous people (IPMR).

## Apportionment

| Elections | Seats per district | Seats per district | Seats per district | Ex officio seats | Reserved seats | Total seats |
| Elections | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | Ex officio seats | Reserved seats | Total seats |
| 2010–2025 | 3 | 7 | — | 3 | | 13 |
| 2025-present | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 14 |

## List of members
### Current members

These are the members after the 2022 local elections and 2022 barangay and SK elections:
* Vice Governor: Arthur Pingoy Jr. (PFP)
| District/ League/ Sector | Board member | Party | Start of term | End of term |
| 1st | Nilda Almencion | PFP | June 30, 2022 | June 30, 2025 |
| 1st | Noel Escobillo | PFP | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2025 |
| 1st | Alan Ines | PDP-Laban | June 30, 2022 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Marie Hurtado | PFP | June 30, 2022 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Ervin Luntao | PFP | June 30, 2022 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Miguel Matinong | PFP | June 30, 2022 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Alicia Nicole Causing | PFP | October 24, 2023 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Henry Ladot | PFP | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Cecile Diel | PFP | June 30, 2022 | June 30, 2025 |
| 2nd | Dardanillo Dar | PDP-Laban | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2025 |
| ABC | Rolando Malabuyoc | Nonpartisan | July 30, 2018 | January 1, 2023 |
| PCL | Judy Loco-Artacho | PDP-Laban | July 1, 2019 | June 30, 2022 |
| SK | Alyssa Marie Fale | Nonpartisan | June 8, 2018 | January 1, 2023 |
| IPMR | Edgar Sambog | Nonpartisan | February 12, 2018 | February 12, 2021 |
# Spanish Angel

Spanish Angel may refer to:
* Spanish Angel, a ring name used by Angel Medina (wrestler)
* Spanish Angel (album), a 1993 album by Paul Winter Consort
# Spearhead (video game)

Spearhead is a tank simulation / action video game developed by Zombie Studios and MAK Technologies, Inc., and published by Interactive Magic and Midas Interactive Entertainment for Microsoft Windows in 1998.

## Development

Spearhead was jointly developed by Zombie Studios and MAK Technologies, Inc. The networking protocols used in the game were originally developed by MAK for the United States Air Force. The game was showcased at E3 1997. The original publisher, BMG Interactive, shut down a few months later, and I-Magic acquired the publication rights.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 62% |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| AllGame | |
| CNET Gamecenter | 4/10 |
| Computer Games Strategy Plus | |
| Computer Gaming World | |
| GamePro | |
| GameRevolution | D+ |
| GameSpot | 7.4/10 |
| IGN | 7/10 |
| PC Accelerator | 7/10 |
| PC Zone | 55% |
Spearhead received mixed reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings.
The game was described as a mix between tank simulation and an action game. GameSpot said, "The game offers a handful of features and elements that seem ideal for hard-core sim fans, but the mission designs and the general feel of gameplay seem more appropriate for an action game than a serious sim." IGN said, "the emphasis here is definitely more on fun than it is on realism." PC Accelerator called it an "action/strategy/tank sim hybrid".
# Sphenotoma

Sphenotoma is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Ericaceae.
Its native range is Southwestern Australia.
Species:
* Sphenotoma capitata (R.Br.) Lindl.
* Sphenotoma dracophylloides Sond.
* Sphenotoma drummondii (Benth.) F.Muell.
* Sphenotoma gracilis (R.Br.) Sweet
* Sphenotoma parviflora (F.Muell. ex Benth.) F.Muell.
* Sphenotoma squarrosa (R.Br.) G.Don
# Special report (disambiguation)

A special report is frequently a type of news broadcast.
Special Report or variant, may also refer to:
* Special Report (TV program), a U.S. political editorial commentary TV show on Fox News Channel
* Dr. Dobb's Special Report, a magazine
* "Gerry Ford (A Special Report)" (song), aka "A Special Report", a 1974 song by Dickie Goodman
* "Special Report: Live From the Forest of Death" (episode), a 2003 season 1 episode 26 of Naruto!
# Speed to Burn

Speed to Burn is a 1938 American crime drama film, directed by Otto Brower and starring Michael Whalen, Lynn Bari, and Marvin Stephens.

## Cast

* Michael Whalen as Matt Kerry
* Lynn Bari as Marion Clark
* Marvin Stephens as Tim Turner
* Henry Armetta as Papa Gambini
* Chick Chandler as Sport Fields
* Sidney Blackmer as Hastings
# Spectral rendering

In computer graphics, spectral rendering is a technique in which a scene's light transport is modeled with real wavelengths. This process is typically slower than traditional rendering, which renders the scene in its red, green, and blue components and then overlays the images. Spectral rendering is often used in ray tracing or photon mapping to more accurately simulate the scene, often for comparison with an actual photograph to test the rendering algorithm (as in a Cornell Box) or to simulate different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum for the purpose of scientific work. The images simulated are not necessarily more realistic appearing, but when compared to a real image pixel for pixel the result is often much closer.
Spectral rendering can also simulate light sources and objects more effectively, as the light's emission spectrum can be used to release photons at a particular wavelength in proportion to the spectrum. Objects' spectral reflectance curves can similarly be used to reflect certain portions of the spectrum more accurately.
As an example, certain properties of tomatoes make them appear differently under sunlight than under fluorescent light. Using the blackbody radiation equations to simulate sunlight or the emission spectrum of a fluorescent bulb in combination with the tomato's spectral reflectance curve, more accurate images of each scenario can be produced.

## Implementations

Render engines that define themselves as being capable of spectral rendering:
* Vred
* Arion
* FluidRay
* Indigo Renderer
* LuxCoreRender
* mental ray
* Mitsuba
* Octane Render
* Spectral Studio
* Thea Render
* Ocean
* ART
* Manuka
* Predict Engine
* Malia
# Sperduti

Sperduti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alessandro Sperduti, Italian actor
* Anthony Sperduti, American businessman
* Giuseppe Sperduti, Italian jurist
* Mauricio Sperduti (born 1986), Argentine footballer
* Paolo Sperduti (1725 – 1799), Italian painter
# Spharagemon marmorata

Spharagemon marmorata, the marbled grasshopper, is a species of band-winged grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is found in eastern North America.

## Subspecies

These subspecies belong to the species Spharagemon marmorata:
* Spharagemon marmorata marmorata (Harris, 1841) (Northern Marbled Locust)
* Spharagemon marmorata marmoratum (northern marbled grasshopper)
* Spharagemon marmorata picta (Scudder, 1877)
* Spharagemon marmorata pictum (southern marbled grasshopper)