OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Donald Foss

Donald A. Foss (1943 or 1944 – August 14, 2022) was an American billionaire businessman, the founder, chairman, and CEO of the subprime car finance company Credit Acceptance. At his death, his net worth was estimated at US$2 billion.

## Early life

Foss was born c. 1944. His father was a used car salesman.

## Career

Foss founded Credit Acceptance in 1972. In January 2017, Foss stepped down as the company's chairman.
As of March 2018, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$1.2 billion.

## Personal life

Foss was married, with three children, and lived in Farmington Hills, Michigan. He died on August 14, 2022, at the age of 78.
# John W. Creighton Jr.

John Watson Creighton Jr. (September 1, 1932 – January 29, 2020) was an American executive who served for nine years, from 1988 to 1997, as president and chief executive officer of Weyerhaeuser, a $7 billion, publicly traded timber company. In addition to Weyerhaeuser, he also served in senior management and executive positions with United Airlines, the University of Puget Sound, the U.S. Department of the Army, and the Boy Scouts of America.

## Early life and education

Creighton was born September 1, 1932, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He earned a B.S. from Ohio State University in 1954, a LLB from Ohio State in 1957, and an MBA from the School of Business at the University of Miami. Creighton was also a certified public accountant.

## Career

Creighton served as president and chief executive officer of Weyerhaeuser Company from 1988 through 1997. He was the first chair of Weyerhaeuser who was not a member of the Weyerhaeuser family. He also served as chairman and chief executive officer of UAL Corporation, the parent company of United Airlines.

### Civic work

Creighton earned the Eagle Scout rank from the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) in 1946. As an adult, he was recognized for outstanding career and civic work by the BSA and awarded their Distinguished Eagle Scout Award. From 1997 to 1998, he served as the national president of the BSA. As national president, Creighton emphasized Scouting's traditional values and supported the growth of the BSA. Creighton said, "Scouting has always reflected the expectations of the American family. That so many American parents have chosen to involve their children in Scouting is a powerful testament to Scouting's effectiveness in building character in American youth."

## Personal life

Creighton served in the U.S. Army. Prior to his death in 2020, at the age of 87, he served on the board of directors of Saltchuk, a transportation and distribution company. He and his wife had three children. His son and namesake, John W. Creighton III, served as a commissioner of the Port of Seattle.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "John W. "Jack" Creighton Jr". News Tribune. Archived from the original on August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2021.
* ↑ "Weyerhaeuser CEO to Become Chairman". Los Angeles Times. February 11, 1988. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
* 1 2 Long, Katherine Khashimova (February 28, 2020). "Ex-Weyerhaeuser CEO Jack Creighton dies at 87". The Columbian. Vancouver, Washington. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved February 18, 2022.
* ↑ Zuckerman, Laurence (October 29, 2001). "UAL Board Ousts Chief Unexpectedly". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
* ↑ "Scouting for a Quote". Boy Scouts of America. Archived from the original on May 4, 2009. Retrieved April 1, 2006.
* ↑ "Biography of John W. Creighton" (PDF). HQ, 5th US Army. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 26, 2005. Retrieved March 22, 2006.
* ↑ Profile, Saltchuck.com. Accessed April 10, 2024.
# Jan Ketelaar

Jan Arnold Albert Ketelaar (21 April 1908, Amsterdam – 23 November 2001, Lochem) was a Dutch chemist and author of the textbook Chemical Constitution: an Introduction to the Theory of the Chemical Bond (De chemische binding. Inleiding in de theoretische chemie). Van Arkel–Ketelaar triangles are named after him.
Ketelaar's doctoral students included Sol Kimel and Robert de Levie. He was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1958.
# Ole Enger (chief executive)

Ole Enger (born 14 March 1948) is a Norwegian businessperson.
He holds a cand.agric. degree from the Norwegian College of Agriculture. He was employed by Nordsildmel from 1971, then Norsk Hydro from 1986 where he among others was the chief executive of Hydro Seafood. He was then the chief executive officer of Elkem from 1992 to 2006, Sapa Group from 2006 to 2009 and Renewable Energy Corporation from 2009 to 2013.
Enger has also been chairman of Norsk Gjenvinning Norge and Nel.
# Kaare Strøm (political scientist)

Kaare Strøm (born 10 April 1953) is a Norwegian political scientist.
He received his PhD from Stanford University in 1984, and is now a professor at the University of California, San Diego. He has also been a fellow at the University of Rochester in 1988, the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace from 1994 to 1995, the Rockefeller Center in Bellagio in 2001 and Stanford University from 2004 to 2005.
He won the Pi Sigma Alpha award for best paper at the American Political Science Association's conference in 1983, and in 1994 he won the Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, and the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters.
# Reidar Lie

Reidar Krummradt Lie (born 1954) is a Norwegian philosopher and professor of philosophy at the University of Bergen. He is also adjunct professor at the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences in Beijing, China, and adjunct researcher at the Department of Bioethics at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda Maryland, US. He was previously adjunct professor at the Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand, and director of the Center for Medical Ethics at the University of Oslo in Norway. Lie is known for his research on bioethics and research ethics.

## Edited books

* Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics, Oxford University Press, 2008
* Evidence-based Practice in Medicine and Health Care: A Discussion of the Ethical Issues, Springer, Berlin Verlag, 2005
* Healthy thoughts: European Perspectives on Health Care Ethics. Peeters Verlag, Leuven, 2002
* Health Ethics in Six SEAR Countries. WHO-SEARO, New Delhi, 1999
* Kompendium i medisinsk etikk og vitenskapsteori. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo 1982
# Terry Stacey

Terry Stacey (born 24 July 1962) is a British cinematographer. He graduated from the University of Manchester, England. He moved to New York in the early 1980s and worked as a still photographer and musician working at The Collective for the Living Cinema. He made and edited Super 8mm shorts, and experimenting in the music video arena.
He began by making documentaries while travelling through South America with his 16 mm bolex. He continued making documentaries in England, India, and Iceland. Stacey has written and directed many of his own short films.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Notes |
| Film |||
| 2021 | Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard | |
| 2019 | The Poison Rose | |
| 2018 | Den of Thieves | |
| 2017 | A Dog's Purpose | |
| 2016 | Special Correspondents | |
| 2016 | Elvis & Nixon | |
| 2016 | The Confirmation | |
| 2014 | Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day | |
| 2014 | This Is Where I Leave You | |
| 2013 | Safe Haven | |
| 2013 | 21 & Over | |
| 2013 | Trust Me | |
| 2011 | 50/50 | |
| 2011 | Take Me Home Tonight | |
| 2011 | The Extra Man | |
| 2010 | Just Wright | |
| 2010 | Dear John | |
| 2009 | Adventureland | |
| 2009 | Tell Tale | |
| 2007 | The Nanny Diaries | |
| 2007 | P.S. I Love You | |
| 2006 | Friends with Money | |
| 2005 | Winter Passing | |
| 2005 | In Her Shoes | |
| 2004 | The Door in the Floor | |
| 2003 | American Splendor | |
| 2002 | The Laramie Project | |
| 2002 | Just a Kiss | |
| 2001 | Wendigo | |
| 2001 | Things Behind the Sun | |
| 2001 | World Traveler | |
| 2000 | Conrad & Butler Take a Vacation | |
| 2000 | Rattler | Short film |
| 2000 | Happy Accidents | |
| 2000 | Pacifier | Short film |
| 1999 | Jump | |
| 1999 | Trick | |
| 1999 | Spring Forward | |
| 1999 | The Dream Catcher | |
| 1999 | Love God | |
| Television |||
| 2016 | Chance | 6 episodes |
| 2015 | Flesh and Bone | 7 episodes |
| 2014 | Resurrection | Episode: "The Returned" |
| 2006 | Dexter | Episode: "Dexter" |
| 2002 | Sex and the City | 4 episodes |
| 2000 | Wonderland | Unknown episodes |

## Awards

* In 1999 he won special mention for The Dream Catcher at the Thessaloniki Film Festival.
* In 1995 Bad Liver and Broken Heart starring Sam Rockwell was screened at the Berlin International Film Festival.
# Valeska Röver

Valeska Röver (6 February 1849 – 31 March 1931) was a German painter. Röver started an art school for women in her home town of Hamburg.

## Life

Röver was born in Hamburg in 1849. She was a student of the impressionist Franz Skarbina and she took lessons in Paris at the Académie Julian. She is known for starting an art school for women in Hamburg. At the time women were banned from existing art schools. Her students included Gerda Koppel and Alma del Banco and the teachers at her school included Alfred Lichtwark, Ernst Eitner and Arthur Illies.
She painted still lifes of flowers and fruits. Valeska Röver was also commissioned to create embroidered hangings behind the chairs of the mayor in the council chamber (Senate enclosure) of the Hamburg City Hall and the president in the Hamburg Parliament. She also created altar vestments for St. James' Church in Hamburg.
# Friedolsheim

Friedolsheim (French pronunciation: ; Alsatian: Freedelse) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

## History

The village's origins stretch back into antiquity. Many Gallo-Roman remains have been found along with the remains of a road dating back to the second century. The first written reference to Friedolsheim is 770 when it was included in the property of the Abbey of Fulda. A further reference dates from 826 when the village was called Friedesheim and enjoyed a privileged status of direct control under the empire: the village was part of the Bailiwick of Kochersberg, subject to the joint and indivisible control of the Holy Roman Emperor and of the Bishop of Strasbourg. In 1496, the emperor's portion was acquired by the City of Strasbourg.
Friedolsheim came under the parish of Maennolsheim until 1343 when, for ecclesiastical purposes, it passed to the authority of the rural chaplaincy of Betbur, a village near the present site of Kleingœft which disappeared in the wake of the Peasants' Revolt of 1493. In 1803 Friedolsheim became a stand-alone parish.
# Marcel Foucault

Marcel Foucault (1865–1947) was a French philosopher and psychologist.
Marcel Foucault was professor of philosophy at the University of Montpellier. In 1906 he founded a laboratory of experimental psychology at the university.

## Works

* Ls psycho-physique, F. Alcan, 1901
* Observations et experiences de Psychologie scolaire, 1910
* L'illusion paradoxale et le seuil de Weber, Montpellier: Coulet et fils, 1910
* Cours de psychologie, F. Alcan, 1926
# 1841 Norwegian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway in 1841. As political parties were not officially established until 1884, all those elected were independents. The number of seats in the Storting was increased from 99 to 100. Voter turnout was 51%, although only 5.5% of the country's population was eligible to vote.

## Results

Of the 100 seats, 43 were won by farmers, sheriffs, church singers and teachers, 41 by civil servants and 16 by people with other professions.
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | Independents | | | 100 |
| Total | Total | | | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 35,481 | – | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 69,492 | 51.06 | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver, NSSDS |||||
# Wuenheim

Wuenheim (French pronunciation: ; German: Wünheim; Alsatian: Wüena) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# 1856 Norwegian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway in 1856. As political parties were not officially established until 1884, all those elected were independents. The number of seats in the Storting was increased from 107 to 111. Voter turnout was 44%, although only 5% of the country's population was eligible to vote.

## Results

Of the 111 seats, 42 were won by farmers, sheriffs, church singers and teachers, 39 by civil servants and 30 by people with other professions.
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | Independents | | | 111 |
| Total | Total | | | 111 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 33,150 | – | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 75,202 | 44.08 | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver, NSSDS |||||
# Case of Sutton's Hospital

Case of Sutton's Hospital (1612) 77 Eng Rep 960 is an old common law case decided by Sir Edward Coke. It concerned The Charterhouse, London, which was held to be a properly constituted corporation.

## Facts

Thomas Sutton was a coal mine owner and moneylender, as well as the Master of Ordnance for the North of England, a military position. He founded a school and hospital as a corporation at the London Charterhouse. When he died, he left a large part of his estate to the charity. Sutton's other heirs challenged the bequest by arguing that the charity was improperly constituted. Therefore, they argued, it lacked a legal personality to be the subject of a transfer of property.

## Judgment

In a full hearing of the King's Bench, it was held that the incorporation was valid, as was the subsequent foundation of the charity and so the transfer of property to it, including the nomination of a master of the charity to receive the donation, was not void.
Sir Edward Coke wrote in the report the following.
   And it is great reason that an Hospital in expectancy or intendment, or nomination, shall be sufficient to support the name of an Incorporation, when the Corporation itself is onely in abstracto, and resteth onely in intendment and consideration of the Law; for a Corporation aggregate of many is invisible, immortal, & resteth only in intendment and consideration of the Law; and therefore cannot have predecessor nor successor. They may not commit treason, nor be outlawed, nor excommunicate, for they have no souls, neither can they appear in person, but by Attorney. A Corporation aggregate of many cannot do fealty, for an invisible body cannot be in person, nor can swear, it is not subject to imbecilities, or death of the natural, body, and divers other cases.

## Citations

The case has been cited in a number of subsequent decisions. Notably, in Hazell v Hammersmith and Fulham LBC [1992] 2 AC 1, Lord Templeman referred to it, and although he acknowledged it to be good law, he also noted that to modern eyes the language was so impenetrable that most lawyers simply took it on faith that the case stood for the principle for which it is cited. He summarised the ratio decidendi of the case thus:
   That report, although largely incomprehensible in 1990, has been accepted as "express authority" that at common law it is an incident to a corporation to use its common seal for the purpose of binding itself to anything which a natural person could bind himself and to deal with its property as a natural person might deal with his own.
The case was also cited with approval (but distinguished) in another House of Lords case, Ashbury Railway Carriage and Iron Co Ltd v Riche (1875) LR 7 HL 653.
# Franz Clement

Franz Joseph Clement (November 17 or 18?, 1780 – November 3, 1842), was an Austrian violinist, pianist, composer, conductor of Vienna's Theater an der Wien, and a friend of Ludwig van Beethoven.

## Life and career

A talented violinist from a young age, he was known for his extraordinary ability to play complex pieces from memory after only briefly viewing them. He would alternate his virtuoso performances with lighthearted showmanship, with such intermission antics as playing a sonata on one string with the violin upside-down. A critic in 1805 described his unique style as follows:
"His is not the marked, bold, strong playing, the moving, forceful Adagio, the powerful bow and tone which characterise the Rode-Viotti School; rather, his playing is indescribably delicate, neat and elegant; it has an extremely delightful tenderness and cleanness that undoubtedly secures him a place among the most perfect violinists. At the same time, he has a wholly individual lightness, which makes it seem as if he merely toys with the most incredible difficulties, and a sureness that never deserts him for a moment, even in the most daring passages."
Beethoven became acquainted with Clement in 1794 when he attended a performance in Vienna by the prodigy, then just 14.
It was at the Theater an der Wien's benefit concert of April 7, 1805 that Beethoven first publicly conducted his Eroica symphony. At the same performance, Clement premiered his own violin concerto in D Major, one of Clement's six known violin concertos.
Clement went on to commission Beethoven's Violin Concerto in D major from his friend for the next benefit concert, given on December 23, 1806. It is said that Beethoven worked on it up until shortly before the performance, and that Clement played the piece without rehearsing.
His works include, besides a number of compositions for violin and piano or orchestra, an offertorium "Ave, o rosa mistica" published in 1848.

## Recordings

* Violin Concerto in D major by Franz Clement. Paired with the Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 61, by Ludwig van Beethoven. Rachel Barton Pine (violin), José Serebrier (conductor), Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. Cedille Records: CDR 90000 106 (info)
* Violin Concertos Nos. 1 – 2. Mirijam Contzen (Violin), WDR Symfonieorchester, Reinhard Goebel (conductor). Sony Masterworks, 2019.
* Variations for Solo Violin on Gretry's opera "Barbe Bleu". Aaron Shorr (piano), Peter Sheppard Skærved (violin) Beethoven Explored Vol 3 MSV 72005
# Mundolsheim

Mundolsheim (French pronunciation:; Alsatian: Mundelse) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Emilio Carrere

Emilio Carrere (Madrid, 18 December 1881 – Madrid, 30 April 1947) was a Spanish writer. He is best known for his 1920 gothic historical novel La torre de los siete jorobados (Eng: The Tower of the Seven Hunchbacks). In 1944, this was the basis for the film, La torre de los siete jorobados, directed by Edgar Neville.

## Works
### Poetry

* Románticas (1902)
* El caballero de la muerte (1909)
* Del amor, del dolor y del misterio (1915)
* Dietario sentimental (1916)
* Nocturnos de otoño (1920)
* Los ojos de los fantasmas (1920, second edition, Buenos Aires, 1924)
* Ruta emocional de Madrid (1935)

### Prose

* La cofradía de la pirueta (1912)
* Rosas de meretricio (1917)
* La copa de Verlaine (1918)
* Aventuras extraordinarias de Garcín de Tudela (1919)
* La torre de los siete jorobados (Eng: The Tower of the Seven Hunchbacks) (1920)
* El sacrificio (1922)
* La Amazona (1923)
* La cortesana de las cruces (1925)
* La calavera de Atahualpa (1934)
# Ulrich Thein

Ulrich Thein (7 April 1930 – 21 June 1995) was a German actor, film director and screenwriter. He appeared in more than 40 films and television shows between 1953 and 1995. He won the award for Best Actor at the 11th Moscow International Film Festival in 1979 for his role in Anton the Magician. He directed the 1982 film Romance with Amelie, which was entered into the 32nd Berlin International Film Festival. His written legacy is in the archives of the Academy of Arts in Berlin.

## Selected filmography

* Alarm in the Circus (1954)
* Thomas Müntzer (1956)
* A Berlin Romance (1956)
* Schlösser und Katen (1957)
* The Sailor's Song (1958)
* SAS 181 antwortet nicht (1959)
* Professor Mamlock (1961)
* September Love (1961)
* Star-Crossed Lovers (1962)
* The Story of a Murder (1965)
* Anton the Magician (1978)
* Romance with Amelie (1982)
* Johann Sebastian Bach (1985, TV series)
# Walter Boos

Walter Boos (1928–1996) was a German film editor and director.

## Selected filmography
### Editor

* Everything Will Be Better in the Morning (1948)
* Martina (1949)
* Who Drove the Grey Ford? (1950)
* Hanna Amon (1951)
* Monks, Girls and Hungarian Soldiers (1952)
* Stars Over Colombo (1953)
* The Blue Hour (1953)
* The Prisoner of the Maharaja (1954)
* 08/15 (1954)
* Fear (1954)
* The Golden Plague (1954)
* Prisoners of Love (1954)
* Fruit in the Neighbour's Garden (1956)
* The Old Forester House (1956)
* Where the Ancient Forests Rustle (1956)
* The Crammer (1958)
* Dorothea Angermann (1959)
* My Schoolfriend (1960)
* Town Without Pity (1961)
* Max the Pickpocket (1962)
* He Can't Stop Doing It (1962)
* My Daughter and I (1963)
* Coffin from Hong Kong (1964)
* Situation Hopeless... But Not Serious (1965)
* Schulmädchen-Report (1970)

### Director

* Nurse Report (1972)
* Love in 3-D (1973)
* The East Frisian Report (1973)
* Charley's Nieces (1974)
* Revenge of the East Frisians (1974)
* Inn of the Sinful Daughters (1978)
# Bernhard Plettner

Dr. Ing. e.h. Bernhard Plettner (December 2, 1914 in Oberlahnstein – November 2, 1997 in Erlangen) was a German engineer and manager. From 1971 to 1981 he was CEO of Siemens AG.
Plettner studied electrical engineering in Darmstadt. After an internship in 1937 he returned to Siemens-Schuckertwerke in Berlin in 1940. After World War II Plettner was especially engaged in restoring the export relations of the firm. Plettner became a member of the board of directors of Siemens-Schuckertwerke in 1959 and CEO of this company in 1962. After the merging of Siemens-Schuckertwerke with Siemens & Halske AG he was a member of the board of directors of Siemens AG. In 1971 he was appointed CEO. When he was succeeded by Karlheinz Kaske in 1981, Plettner became the first chairman of the supervisory board not to be a member of the Siemens family. He resigned in 1988.
# 1953 Colombian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia on 15 March 1953 to elect the Chamber of Representatives. The Liberal Party and the Communist Party both boycotted the elections, and as a result, the seats reserved for the minority party were left vacant. The Conservative Party won the remainder.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Colombian Conservative Party | 1,025,409 | 100.00 | 76 | +5 |
| Vacant | Vacant | | | 56 | – |
| Total | Total | 1,025,409 | 100.00 | 132 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 1,025,409 | 99.72 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 2,914 | 0.28 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 1,028,323 | 100.00 | | |
| Source: Nohlen ||||||