OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Władysław Plater

Władysław Ewaryst Plater (actually Broel-Plater; Vilnius, 7 November 1808 – 22 April 1889, Broelberg by Kilchberg, near Zurich, Switzerland) was a Polish count, patriot, insurrectionist, and a cousin of Emilia Plater. Together with Agaton Giller, he founded the Polish National Museum in Rapperswil, Switzerland. Brother of Cezary Plater and cousin of Emilia Plater.

## Life

A member of the noted polonised Courland family, the Platers, Władysław Plater was a son of Kazimierz Plater and Apolinara Żaba. He took part in the November 1830 Uprising against Imperial Russia. His older cousin, Emilia Plater, played a significant role in the struggle during which she died. His role in the armed insurrection forced him into exile. In 1832 he was one of several figures who succeeded in influencing British public opinion in favour of the Polish cause.
While in exile in Paris among Poland's Great Emigration, he founded the journal Le Polonais (1833–36).
In 1863 Plater was again politically active in the next Polish Uprising against the Russian yoke.
To mark the centenary of the Bar Confederation, in 1868, Plater had a column erected surmounted by a Polish eagle with the Latin inscription, "Magna res libertas" (the great cause of liberty) in the Swiss town of Rapperswil, on the shore of Lake Zurich. Two years later, on 23 October 1870, he founded a Polish National Museum having taken out a 99-year lease on Rapperswil Castle. It was to become a major repository for Polish historic memorabilia, a library and archive based on donations and legacies from members of the Great Emigration. Barely a century later, the collection, previously returned to Warsaw in independent Poland, was set alight in 1944 by the German occupiers as part of their systematic decimation of Polish and Jewish heritage on Polish soil, in a resurgence of their earlier Kulturkampf.
Plater met and married the actress, Karoline Bauer in Rapperswil.
# Clare Downham

Clare Downham is an English academic, a medievalist and historian of Ireland and Britain and the Vikings, specialising in the era 400 to 1350.
She studied for degrees in Medieval History at the University of St Andrews and in Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic at the University of Cambridge, completing a PhD at the latter in 2003.
In 2004, she took up a John O'Donovan scholarship in Celtic Studies from the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, before taking a lectureship in the Celtic department at the University of Aberdeen and then in Irish Studies at the University of Liverpool. Subsequently, at Liverpool, she became Professor of Medieval History with the Institute of Irish Studies.

## Select publications

* "The Chronology of the Last Scandinavian Kings of York, AD 937–954", Northern History 40 (2003), pp. 25–51
* "Eric Bloodaxe – axed? The Mystery of the Last Viking King of York" Mediaeval Scandinavia 14 (2004), pp. 51–77
* Viking kings of Britain and Ireland : the Dynasty of Ivarr to AD 1014 (Edinburgh : Dunedin Academic, 2007)
* "'Hiberno-Norwegians' and 'Anglo-Danes': Anachronistic Ethnicities in Viking Age England", Mediaeval Scandinavia 19 *2009), pp. 139-69
* No horns on their helmets? essays on the insular Viking-age (Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and the Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen: Aberdeen, 2013)
* (ed.) Jocelin of Furness : proceedings of the 2011 Conference (Donington: Shaun Tyas, 2013)
* Medieval Ireland (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2018)
# Hotel Palm Camayenne

The Hotel Palm Camayenne is a hotel in Conakry, Guinea. Set beside the sea, it is one of Conakry's most famous (and most expensive) hotels.

## History

The hotel was constructed by the Russians. It is built block-style, and most of the rooms have a pleasant view. Although completed in April 1964, the hotel lacked essential equipment. For example, the Russians did not supply cutlery, linen or kitchen equipment. Six months later, the equipment was still missing. The building was not well finished, and when the rainstorms associated with the violent tornadoes of the area came, many problems emerged requiring costly repairs. Construction of the hotel and other projects was funded by repayable loans from the Russians, causing Guinea to fall into debt that was difficult to repay.
In 1984, the military regime awarded the management contract for the 120-room Hotel Camayenne, and for the Hotel G'Bessia with 168 rooms, to the French firm Accor. By 1990, the hotel, serving a clientele of business people and aid workers, was being refurbished under a line of credit provided by the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation, using funding from the European Community. The hotel remained state property, but the management contract went to SHG (Société Hôtelière de Guinée) in which the Belgian airline Sabena had a majority stake. The hotel reopened in 1993 and became a Sabena-hotel. The Belgian airline had at the time a big presence in Guinea with 3 and later 4 weekly connections with Belgium. After the airline went bankrupt in 2001, the hotel remained operational under the Sabena receivership until 2006.
As of January 2011, the hotel had been closed for over five years, and required major renovations to come up to international standards. When the hotel was closed, the 105 employees were laid off. When they tried to seek compensation, demonstrating in front of the hotel, the police broke up the demonstration violently. A reporter trying to cover the negotiations with the new owner was badly beaten up. In December 2010, it was reported that the owner, Lebanese businessman Michel Chater, appeared to have finalized the purchase from the government, although the new president Professor Alpha Condé had said he would recover any state property that had been sold incorrectly. Chater had also taken over the grand hotel l'Unité, renamed Riviera Royals Hotel. Chater, CEO of the Riviera Group, said he was committed to the hotel's rehabilitation at a cost of up to US$12 million.

## Location and facilities

The shore is rocky. However, the hotel has a small beach, a swimming pool, fitness center and tennis courts. The embassies of Saudi Arabia and Iran are both near to the hotel. The Superbobo supermarket, also near the hotel, carries imported items.
# The Scotsman Steps

The Scotsman Steps (also known as Work No. 1059) is a permanent installation by British artist Martin Creed in Edinburgh, Scotland.

## History

The Scotsman Steps were built between 1899 and 1902 by architects Dunn & Findlay as part of the construction of the building housing The Scotsman newspaper and, since 2001, The Scotsman Hotel. The steps were built in a French style as a spiral staircase within an enclosed octagonal tower; the tower was decorated with wrought iron grilles and glazed tiles in the interior.
Historically considered a road, the 104 steps form a pedestrian link between the North Bridge and Waverley Station's Market Street entrance. The construction of the Scotsman building at the turn of the 20th century was part of a regeneration of the surrounding North Bridge area; the Scotsman building and Steps formed a turreted 'gateway' between the Edinburgh New Town and Old Town.
The steps were Category A listed in 1974 and form part of the Edinburgh Old Town UNESCO World Heritage Site. Originally built from Carmyllie sandstone, the steps were re-levelled with a screed finish during the 1980s due to wear.

## Redesign

By the early 21st century, the steps had fallen into disrepair and for decades had been plagued by vandalism and antisocial behaviour.
As part of a planned renovation, the Fruitmarket Gallery commissioned a new public installation by Turner Prize winning artist Martin Creed to help improve the public perception of the steps. The installation, titled Work No. 1059, formed part of Creed's solo exhibition Down Over Up which was presented at the gallery in Summer 2010. The installation clad each of the 104 steps in a different type of marble, with all major marble quarries of the world represented.
The artwork was funded by a £250,000 grant funded by the City of Edinburgh Council and Edinburgh World Heritage.
Creed's original idea for the work was to create a 'musical staircase', as he ultimately did on a smaller scale in the Down Over Up exhibition. Creed described the final work as a "microcosm of the whole world – stepping on the different marble steps is like walking through the world."
Marble floors have become a recurring motif in Creed's works, including Work No. 1051 (2013, Museo Jumex, Mexico City) and Work No. 1347 (2012, sketch restaurant, London).

## Reception and awards

Overall response to the redesign has been positive, with Guardian art critic Jonathan Jones calling it "the best art at [2011's] Edinburgh Art Festival" and "a generous, modest masterpiece of contemporary public art". In Art Monthly, installation artist Vincent Martin wrote: "[a]s monuments to the global reach of empire go it is both appropriate and unobtrusive." Writing for the BBC in 2018, William Cook similarly described the redesigned steps as "magical, but supremely practical."
In 2012, the Steps won the Scottish Design Award in the Regeneration category. Also in 2012, they were nominated for the RIAS Andrew Doolan Best Building in Scotland Award.
# De Eendracht, Kimswerd

De Eendracht (Dutch pronunciation:; English: The Unity) is a smock mill in Kimswerd, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1872. The mill has been restored to working order. The mill is officially designated as being held in reserve for use in times of emergency. It is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 39358.

## History

De Eendracht was built in 1872 by millwright Otto R Posthumus to drain the De Eendracht Polder. Four Patent sails were fitted in 1899. In 1940, the sails were fitted with leading edges streamlined on the Dekker system. A diesel engine was added as auxiliary power in 1966, it was removed when the mill was restored in 1975. During this restoration, the Patent sails were removed, as was the Dekker system from the sails. Four Common sails were fitted. The mill was bought by Stichting De Fryske Mole (English: Frisian Mills Foundation) on 22 September 1982. In 1993, the mill was restored by Fabrikaat Buurma, Oudeschans, Groningen. At this time it carried one pair of Common sails and one pair of Patent sails fitted with Dekkerised leading edges. A new wooden windshaft was fitted by millwright Westra of Franeker in 1982. In 2006, the mill was designated by Wetterskip Fryslân as being held in reserve for use in times of emergency.

## Description

De Eendracht is what the Dutch describe as an Grondzeiler. It is a two-storey smock mill on a single-storey base. There is no stage, the sails reaching down almost to ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The smock and cap are thatched. The sails are two Common sails and two Patent sails with Dekkerised leading edges. They have a span of 17.00 metres (55 ft 9 in). The sails are carried on a wooden windshaft. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel which has 52 cogs. This drives the wallower (32 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft is the crown wheel, which has 46 cogs drives a gearwheel with 35 cogs on the axle of the Archimedes' screw. The axle of the Archimedes' screw is 508 millimetres (1 ft 8 in) diameter. The screw is 1.34 metres (4 ft 5 in) diameter and 5.52 metres (18 ft 1 in) long. It is inclined at 20.4°. Each revolution of the screw lifts 802 litres (176 imp gal) of water.

## Public access

De Eendracht is open by appointment, or when the mill is working.
# Mattia Bodano

Mattia Bodano (born 11 August 1990) is an Italian midfielder, currently on the books of Progetto Calcio Sant'Elia, co-ownership with Cagliari.

## Caps on Italian Series

Lega Pro Seconda Divisione : 3 caps
Total : 3 caps
# FuMO 24 radar

The FuMO 24 and 25 (Funkmess-Ortung (Radio-direction finder, active ranging)) were designed as a replacement for the earlier FuMO search radar for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in 1943. The differences between the two models are not clear and it usually used a larger 2-by-6-meter (6 ft 7 in × 19 ft 8 in) antenna than the older system.

## Citations

* ↑ Friedman, pp. 205–206
# Raahe '99

Raahe '99 (For Paul Rutherford) is a live album by trombonist Paul Rutherford and saxophonist George Haslam on which they are accompanied by members of the Samuli Mikkonen Trio, featuring pianist Mikkonen, bassist Ulf Krokfors, and drummer Mika Kallio. Consisting of a single continuous set lasting nearly an hour, it was recorded on July 31, 1999, at the Raahen Rantajatsit (Jazz on the Beach) Festival in Raahe, Finland, and was released in 2012 by Slam Productions.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| All About Jazz | |
| The Free Jazz Collective | |
In a review for The Free Jazz Collective, Daniel Sorrells wrote: "Raahe '99 is a completely satisfying piece of music, and a damn lucky find. It's painful to think that a great capture like this might have been lost for good, spirited away along with one of its creators. Mr. Rutherford is greatly missed, but lives on in a most profound way through performances with peers like those on Raahe, searching musicians who bring out the best in each other."
The editors of The New York City Jazz Record featured the album as an "Unearthed Gem," and writer John Sharpe stated: "While the trombonist may be best known for his staggering solo records, he also contributed positively to any number of free and structured situations. This 53-minute freely extemporized set with its freebop approach neatly encapsulates both styles."
Nick Lea of Jazz Views described the album as "a musical conversation that embraces cultural and musical differences, bring all together in an extended piece that, like a meeting between old and new friends, has humour, depth and warmth in abundance. Paul Rutherford is greatly missed, and it is great to hear him once again on this excellent release."

## Track listing

* "53 Minutes" – 53:00

## Personnel

* Paul Rutherford – trombone
* George Haslam – baritone saxophone, tárogató
* Samuli Mikkonen – piano
* Ulf Krokfors – double bass
* Mika Kallio – drums
# P. J. Plauger

Phillip James (P.J. or Bill) Plauger (/ˈpiˌdʒeɪ ˈplɔːɡər/; born January 13, 1944, Petersburg, West Virginia) is an author, entrepreneur and computer programmer. He has written and co-written articles and books about programming style, software tools, and the C programming language, as well as works of science fiction.

## Personal life and career

Plauger worked at Bell Labs from 1969 to 1975, where he coauthored Elements of Programming Style and Software Tools with Brian Kernighan. In 1978, he founded Whitesmiths, the first company to sell a C compiler and Unix-like operating system (Idris). He has since been involved in C and C++ standardization and is now the president of Dinkumware. In January 2009 he became the convener of the ISO C++ standards committee, but in October 2009 he tendered his resignation after failing to pass a resolution to stop processing any new features in order to facilitate the promised shipping date for the C++0x standard.
Plauger has been credited with inventing pair programming while leading Whitesmiths Ltd.
Plauger has written a number of science fiction stories, notably "Child of All Ages", first published in the March 1975 issue of Analog, which features a protagonist who has achieved immortality at the cost of never growing beyond childhood. The story was nominated for the Hugo and Nebula awards in 1976. Plauger won the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer in 1975—notably beating John Varley for the award—and subsequently sold a story to The Last Dangerous Visions.
Plauger holds a bachelor's degree in physics from Princeton University and a PhD in nuclear physics from Michigan State University.

## Dinkumware

Dinkumware is an American software company specializing in core libraries for C/C++, owned and operated by P.J. Plauger. It is based in Concord, Massachusetts.
The company has provided the C++ Standard Library implementation that ships with Microsoft Visual C++ since 1996 and Embarcadero C++Builder since 2005, and supplies C++ and Embedded C++ libraries to the embedded community. It also provides libraries for Java and other tools, including "proofers" to test for library adherence to the standard.

## Nonfiction works

* The Elements of Programming Style (1974, revised 1978) with Brian W. Kernighan
* Software Tools (1976) with Brian W. Kernighan
* Software Tools in Pascal (1981) with Brian W. Kernighan
* The Standard C library (1992)
* Programming on Purpose, collected essays from the magazine Computer Language
** Volume I: Essays on Software Design (1992)
** Volume II: Essays on Software People (1993)
** Volume III: Essays on Software Technology (1993)
* The Draft Standard C++ Library (1995)
* Standard C: A Reference (1989, revised 1992, revised 1996) with Jim Brodie
* The C++ Standard Template Library (2001) with Alexander Stepanov, Meng Lee, and David Musser
# State of Mind (Commissioned album)

State of Mind is the sixth album by American contemporary gospel music group Commissioned, released in 1990 on Benson Records. It was the last album with the original line-up of the group before lead vocalist Keith Staten and songwriter/producer/keyboardist Michael Brooks left the group to pursue solo careers.
Sonically, the album builds onto the urban contemporary production style showcased in previous albums. The songwriting contains messages that both encourage Christians and invite unbelievers to trust Christ,
Domestically, the album peaked at number 4 on the US Billboard Top Gospel albums chart and number 19 on the Billboard Top Contemporary Christian chart.
The album contains the classic, “I am Here”, an R&B gospel ballad with first person lyrics from God’s point of view.

## Track listing

* "He Set Me Free" (Michael Brooks) – 5:00
* "One Step After Another" (Fred Hammond) – 4:46
* "I Am Here" (Mitchell Jones, Parkes Stewart) – 5:03
* "At the Point of Your Need" (Brooks) – 4:23
* "I Will Never Leave You" (Jones, Stewart) – 4:56
* "Back to My First Love" (Brooks) – 4:41
* "The Way You Love Me" (Hammond) – 5:09
* "If God Is for Us" (Hammond) – 4:55
* "Let Me Tell It" (Hammond) – 4:35
* "Everlasting Love" (Karl Reid) – 5:01
* "Somebody's Watchin' You" (Brooks) – 4:34

## Personnel

Commissioned
* Fred Hammond – vocals, synthesizers, bass guitar, drum programming
* Mitchell Jones – vocals, keyboards, synthesizers
* Karl Reid – vocals
* Keith Staten – vocals
* Michael Brooks – keyboards
* Michael Williams – drums
Additional Musicians
* John Jaszcz – Synclavier programming
* Randy Poole – Synclavier programming
* Eric Brice – guitars
* Randy Jacobs – guitars, sitar
* Dave McMurray – saxophones
* Parkes Stewart – backing vocals

### Production

* Michael Brooks – producer
* Fred Hammond – producer
* John Jaszcz – engineer, mix engineer
* Eric Morgeson – engineer
* Randy Poole – engineer
* Keith Clayton – assistant engineer
* Ray Hammond – assistant engineer
* Tom Lucio – assistant engineer
* Russ Harrington – photography
* Connie Harrington – art coordinator
* Joel Anderson – design
* Robert Pugh – stylist
# Waverley Bridge

Waverley Bridge is a road bridge in Edinburgh linking Market Street and Cockburn Street in the Old Town with Princes Street in the New Town. The bridge forms part of the roof of Edinburgh Waverley station and marks the eastern boundary of Princes Street Gardens. The current bridge was built between 1894 and 1896 by Blyth and Westland; it is Category A listed as part of the station.

## Location

Situated at the east end of Princes Street Gardens, Waverley Bridge is one of three parallel roads crossing the former Nor Loch valley and linking Edinburgh's historic Old and New towns. To the west of Waverley Bridge lies The Mound, which links Princes Street in the New Town with the western end of Market Street in the Old Town. To the east, running above the Waverley Station roof, is North Bridge, which links the east end of Princes Street with the High Street and South Bridge.
Two carriageway ramps lead down from Waverley Bridge into the centre of the station. Since January 2014 car and taxi access to the station has been banned, with the ramps now largely dedicated to foot traffic and delivery access.
Halfway across the bridge, on the eastern side, is the station's former parcels office, also Category A listed as part of the station. The structure was converted into a restaurant in the 1980s and is now in operation as a public house. At the northeast corner of the bridge, at the junction with Princes Street, is the Waverley Market shopping centre. There is a Transport for Edinburgh Travelshop at the southeast corner with Market Street which was built for the earlier station of the late 1860s.

## Access

Access to Waverley Bridge is closed at the Princes Street end and bus services formerly on the bridge have been moved to other nearby locations.
# Čebatoriai

Čebatoriai is a village in Varėna district municipality, in Alytus County, in southeastern Lithuania. According to the 2001 census, the village has a population of 114 people.

## Etymology

The name Čebatoriai comes from a word Lithuanian: čebatõrius (a borrowing from Belarusian: чaбaтap) which means 'a shoemaker'.
# Old Sussex County Courthouse

Old Sussex County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Georgetown, Sussex County, Delaware. It was built in 1793, and is a two-story, five-bay, frame structure in a late Georgian style. It is sheathed in cypress shingles. It was moved to its present location in 1837 and converted to residential use. Its former site on The Circle is occupied by the present Sussex County Courthouse. On September 20, 1962, the building and lot were conveyed to the State of Delaware. A major renovation project was undertaken in 1974.
The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
# Mattia Gallon

Mattia Gallon (born May 30, 1992) is an Italian professional footballer who plays for Lucchese as a forward.

## Club career

He made his Serie A debut for Cagliari on 28 March 2010 in a game against Sampdoria.
On 17 August 2019, he joined Serie D club Licata. He left the club in December 2019, to join another Serie D club, Lucchese.
# The Zone (Paul Rutherford, Torsten Müller, and Harris Eisenstadt album)

The Zone is a live album by trombonist Paul Rutherford, bassist Torsten Müller, and drummer Harris Eisenstadt. It was recorded on January 21, 2006, at the Center for Contemporary Art in Santa Fe, New Mexico, and was released later that year by the German Konnex label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
The authors of The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings awarded the album a full 4 stars, calling it "superb," and praising the group's "great collective understanding." They described Müller as "the only European bassist who can currently aspire to Peter Kowald's crown," and noted that Eisenstadt's "quiet, concentrated approach adds hugely" to the recording. They stated that, on the opening track, "it is genuinely difficult to separate 'bone squeaks, Müller's creaking-branch effects and the delicate susurrus of Eisenstadt's kit. The sound flows easily and as if from a single imagination - perhaps The Zone is the locus."
Jeff Stockton of All About Jazz described the music as "cerebral minimalism," and wrote: "veteran trombonist Paul Rutherford keeps to soft bursts of notes, bassist Torsten Müller quietly bows and lightly bounces on and off his strings and Eisenstadt spends a lot of time gently tapping on the wooden edge of his drum. Barely perceptible squeaks contribute to the atmosphere, as if someone were scratching nylon with his fingernails."

## Track listing

Composed by Paul Rutherford, Torsten Müller, and Harris Eisenstadt.
* "Booming Ground" – 16:26
* "The Zone" – 9:52
* "Laughing Lizard" – 11:49
* "Schoenberg Swung Am Hardesten" – 20:12

## Personnel

* Paul Rutherford – trombone
* Torsten Müller – bass
* Harris Eisenstadt – drums