OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Biman Bose

Biman Bose (born 1 July 1940) is an Indian politician who was once state Secretary of the West Bengal Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was later succeeded by his trusted aide, Surya Kanta Mishra, although he remained a Politburo member of the party. He is also Chairman of the Left Front committee of West Bengal.

## Early life

Biman Bose was an alumnus of Maulana Azad College, under the University of Calcutta. During his educational experience, Bose was known to be involved in political and social activities. He participated in an election campaign during an assembly by-election in 1954, while he was still in school.
Though he was recommended for Party in 1957, he was not granted a position until 1958 due to the minimum age requirement being 18 years old. He participated in the movement against Bengal-Bihar merger in 1956 as well as the food movement in 1959, and was imprisoned in 1958.

## Early political life

Bose was elected Secretary of the Bengal Provincial Students' Federation, Kolkata district, and vice-president of the BPSF in 1964. Bose carried on his work as the Assistant Secretary of Indo-Vietnam Solidarity Committee in the mid-1960s.
He was the first All India Secretary of Students Federation of India in 1970. He continued in that position until 1976. He became a member of the West Bengal State Committee of Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1971 and a Secretariat member in 1978. He was mentored by Pramod Dasgupta.

## Political career

He was made a permanent invitee to the CPI (M) Central Committee in 1983 and was elected as a regular member of the in 1985. Promode Dasgupta asked Bose to contest from the Bankura Lok Sabha constituency in 1980 Indian general election. However, he declined the offer and insisted to work in the organisation. Bose then selected Basudeb Acharia to contest from Bankura upon instructions from Dasgupta.
He was elected as a member of the Politburo in 1998.
He played a key role in building and organizing the party in several parts of West Bengal, especially undivided Medinipur, Bankura and Puruliya districts.
He was also elected as the Chairman of Left Front (West Bengal) in 1998, after Sailen Dasgupta was relieved of the post due to health issues. This was the first time since 1977, that a person who was not the state Secretary of CPI (M) became chair of the Left Front.
Bose was also elected as state Secretary of CPI(M) in March 2005 after Anil Biswas died suddenly. He served in the position until 2015 when Surjya Kanta Mishra succeeded him.
In 2022, he left the State Secretariat, State Committee, the Central Committee and the Politburo of CPI(M) in one go adhering to the party's strict age-limit. However, he is still serving as the Chairperson of Left Front.
Later in 2022, he was made a special invitee to the central and state committee of CPI(M).
# Hatful of Rain (band)

Hatful of Rain, an acoustic music group from Brighton and Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex, England, perform original material that combines English folk sounds with harmony singing and American bluegrass music. Critically acclaimed, the band came to the attention of broadcaster Mike Harding, who played their music on his BBC Radio 2 show. The band also performed live on BBC Radio 2's Bob Harris Sunday programme on 24 March 2013.

## Origins

Mandolin player Fred Gregory (who is also with the group Porchlight Smoker), vocalist Chloe Overton and banjo/bass player Phil Jones first performed together at a 2010 South Coast folk festival, and were later joined by violinist James Shenton who has played with the London Symphony Orchestra and the Balanescu Quartet. The band's name comes from the lyric "Got a head full of lightning and a hatful of rain", in the Tom Waits song "Long Way Home".

## Recording history

Their debut album, Way Up on the Hill, was released on 30 May 2012. Actress Amanda Abbington performed in the official video that accompanied the release of The Exit Song, a single from the album. The video was directed by Jamie Freeman (brother of actor Martin Freeman) and Stevie Freeman, who ran the Union Music store in Lewes, East Sussex.
Their second album, The Morning Key, was released on 25 May 2014. The album's title comes from a song by Jones, "Broad Woolly Back", written about his emotional experiences following the death of his father. The album was produced by Al Scott, better known for his work with The Levellers. In a review for Folk Radio UK, Paul Woodgate said that the album "strikes for the heart and head and succeeds on both counts...If you like Rusby, the Wailin’ Jenny's and Cara Dillon, add this to your 'must listen' list". Iain Hazlewood, for Spiral Earth, said: "The combination of mandolin, banjo, bass and fiddle is nigh on perfect, the songs have space to grow but they know exactly when to roll with it."
The band's first EP, Climb the Air, was released on 15 April 2016.

## Discography

| Album | Release date | Label |
| Way Up on the Hill | 30 May 2012 | Union Music Store (UMS003) |
| The Morning Key | 25 May 2014 | Union Music Store (UMS006) |
| Songs of the Lost and Found | 1 July 2018 | Long Way Home Music (LWHM004) |
| EP | Release date | Label |
| Climb the Air | 15 April 2016 | Long Way Home Music (LWHM001) |
| Single | Release date | Label |
| "The Exit Song" (digital download) | 23 July 2012 | Union Music Store |
| "These Streets" (digital download) | 28 April 2014 | Union Music Store |
| "Scarlet Ribbon" (digital download) | 28 November 2014 | Union Music Store |

## Personal lives

Chloe Overton, the band's singer and lyricist, works as a midwife. She has four children. Fred Gregory, guitar and mandolin, works as a carpenter. Phil Jones, bass and banjo, works as a workplace mediator.
# Cổ Chiên Bridge

Co Chien Bridge Vietnamese: Cầu Cổ Chiên) is a road bridge spanning the Cổ Chiên River in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.

## Description

Co Chien Bridge is a cantilever bridge using prestressed concrete. It is 1,599 meters long and 16 meters wide, with four lanes of traffic with posted speeds of 80 kph. It crosses the Co Chien River connecting the Mo Cay Nam district of Ben Tre province with the Cang Long district of Tra Vinh Province along Vietnam's National Highway 60. It 3.6 kilometers downstream from the Co Chien Ferry Terminal that it was designed to supplement.
The architecture of the Co Chien Bridge consists prestressed reinforced concrete as well as reinforced concrete, using a balanced cantilever main span structure. The structure consists of 24 simple 40-meter spans using Super T girders.

## History

In 2011, Co Chien Bridge was chosen one of the four key projects prioritized as part of a larger effort to develop transportation infrastructure in the Mekong Delta and one of the key bridges of Vietnam's National Highway 60 (alongside the Rach Mieu, Ham Luong, and Dai Ngai bridges). It would be developed under the Build-operate-transfer model with a budget of 3,798 trillion VND. Construction began in 2013. In 2012, the bridge took a major pivot when it was decided to scrap plans for a cable-stayed bridge and opt for cantilever bridge, making for a major shift in the construction calendar and budget. The cantilever bridge was completed in 2015, after 21 months of construction and 15 months ahead of the schedule (not including work on the cable-stayed design) at a cost of 2.3 trillion VND(US$106.2 million)

## Effect

The bridge has decreased the travel distance between Tra Vinh and Ho Chi Minh City by 60 kilometers, compared to the route through Co Chien Ferry Terminal. Its opening has increased traffic to Tra Vinh Province, boosting tourism and land development. Additional roads have been planned to feed into the bridge, which have stalled due to a dearth of sand for construction in the region. By 2017, the increase in traffic has also seen an increase of potholes in the roads leading to the bridge.
# Coalition (Puerto Rico)

The Coalition (Spanish: Coalición) was an electoral alliance in Puerto Rico.
The Coalition was formed in 1924, composed of Partido Republicano Puro and the Socialist Party. It was generally in favor of statehood. It held a majority in the island's legislature from 1932 to 1940.
# Silas Tertius Rand Bill

Silas Tertius Rand Bill (September 9, 1842 in Liverpool, Nova Scotia- 21 December 1890) was a Nova Scotia born politician, merchant, ship-owner and glass sculptor. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1878 as a Member of the Liberal-Conservative Party to represent the riding of Queens. He assisted Peter Newsome with his work whilst visiting London, England.
He lived in Liverpool. Bill served as treasurer for Queens County. He never married.

## Electoral record

vte1878 Canadian federal election: Queens :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal–Conservative | Silas Tertius Rand Bill | 670 |
| | Liberal | James Fraser Forbes | 637 |
# Go Gwi-nam

Go Gwi-nam (Korean: 고귀남; 6 September 1933 – 15 May 2022) was a South Korean politician. A member of the Democratic Justice Party, he served in the National Assembly from 1972 to 1988. He died on 15 May 2022 at the age of 88.
# Premier Airways

Premier Airways Limited was created to promote as a low cost high quality airline project based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It had proposed to launch low cost regional scheduled services, for which it received a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Ministry of Civil Aviation in July 2014.
The Public Limited company was founded in August 2005 by a group of Non Resident Indian (NRI) entrepreneurs.
Premier Airways Ltd, is promoted by US-based Umapathy Pinaghapani, and was to be a low-cost carrier similar to Southwest Airlines and Indigo. The airline planned to purchase 40 Airbus A320 NEO aircraft worth $4.3 billion and aims to start in the last quarter of 2015 or the first quarter of 2016 with leased aircraft. The NOC has since expired before the airline could start operations. However despite all the challenges caused by vested corporate rivalries, Premier Airways is poised to revive in 2025
# Jiang Shunfu

Jiang Shaozong (Chinese: 江韶宗, 1453–1504), courtesy name Shunfu (Chinese: 舜夫), was a Chinese mandarin of the sixth rank under the Hongzhi Emperor during the Ming dynasty. He is best remembered today for a portrait displaying him in his official robes, one of the most famous such works from the era.
# Jean-Marc Joguet

Jean-Marc Joguet (born 29 March 1965) from Beaufort, Savoie is a French ski mountaineer and long-distance runner.

## Selected results
### Pierra Menta (ski mountaineering)

* 1986: 1st, together with Pascal Fagnola
* 1987: 2nd, together with Thierry Bochet
* 1988, 5th, together with Pierre Viard Gaudin
* 1995, 10th, together with René Gachet
* 1996, 10th, together with René Gachet

### Running

* 2006, 2nd, Tour du Beaufortain
# USS Sagacity

Two ships of the United States Navy have been assigned the name USS Sagacity.
* USS Sagacity (AM-293) would have been an Admirable-class minesweeper. Construction, however, was canceled on 6 June 1944, prior to completion.
* USS Sagacity (MSO-469) was an Aggressive-class minesweeper, originally designated AM-469, then as AM-469. She was launched in 1954, reclassified as an ocean minesweeper, MSO-469, in 1955, and struck in 1970.
# 1832 Colombian presidential election

Indirect presidential elections were held in the Republic of New Granada on 9 March 1832. Francisco de Paula Santander was elected president, whilst José Ignacio de Márquez was elected vice president.

## Background

Joaquín Mosquera was elected President in May 1830, but was forced out of office on 4 September that year under pressure from the military. General Rafael Urdaneta was appointed interim president the following day whilst a response from former President Simón Bolívar on whether he would return to the Presidency was awaited. However, he refused to accept the post, and gave his support to Urdaneta. Bolívar died in December.
Following a brief civil war in early 1831, Urdaneta left office and elections were held for a Constituent Assembly. A new constitution was drafted, and the Assembly elected an interim President to serve until the first normal term of office would start on 1 April 1833.

## Results
### President

| Candidate | Votes | % |
| Francisco de Paula Santander | 49 | 75.38 |
| Joaquín Mosquera | 6 | 9.23 |
| Others | 10 | 15.38 |
| Total | 65 | 100.00 |
| Source: Historia electoral colombiana |||

### Vice President

After fifteen rounds of voting, José Ignacio de Márquez was elected with 42 votes to the 20 received by José María Obando.
# William Davis (priest)

William Davis was an English priest in the 17th century.
Davis was educated at the University of Oxford. He became Vicar of Chard in 1642 and canon of Wells Cathedral in 1642; and Archdeacon of Bath in 1643.
# Thomas Fox (priest)

Thomas Fox was an English priest.
Fox was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He held the living at Bromyard, herefordshire Fox was appointed Archdeacon of Hereford in 1698 and held the office until his death in 1728.
# James Sharp Tait

Sir James Sharp Tait (13 June 1912 – 18 February 1998) was a Scottish electrical engineer who was the first Vice-Chancellor of the City University, London.

## Life

Tait was born on 13 June 1912 in Ochiltree, Ayrshire, the son of a gardener. He left school at 14 to become an engineering apprentice and taking evening classes. He obtained an engineering qualification ARTC (with a distinction in electrical engineering) at the Royal Technical College, Glasgow, and stayed on as a lecturer. While working as a lecturer, he gained a double first class honours degree in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, as an external student of London University and went on to get a PhD from Glasgow University.
He married Mary Cassidy Linton (who survived him) in 1939. They had two sons and one daughter.
In 1946 he was appointed Head of the Electrical Engineering Department at Portsmouth Municipal College, but in 1947 took up the equivalent position at Northampton Polytechnic. In 1951, he became its Principal. In 1957 it became a College of Advanced Technology with Tait as its Principal, and in 1966 became the City University, London, at which point Tait became its first Vice-Chancellor. He retired in 1974.
Outside work, he was an Elder of the Presbyterian Church and was active in the Scouting movement.
He died on 18 February 1998, in Teddington in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.

## Honours

Tait was knighted in 1969 as a member of the Imperial Society of Knights Bachelor for services to education, and made Freeman of the City of London. He was a Chartered Engineer, and a Fellow of both the Institution of Electrical Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. City University, London, awarded him an honorary Doctor of Science degree in 1974 and also named a building after him. He was awarded a Doctor of Laws by Strathclyde University, the successor to the Royal Technical College, Glasgow.
# Dall River Old Growth Provincial Park

Dall River Old Growth Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is part of the larger Muskwa-Kechika Management Area and is located immediately northwest of Denetiah Provincial Park, northwest of the junction of the Gataga and Kechika Rivers. Established in 1999, the park is 642 ha. in area. The park protects areas of white spruce old growth.
# Șerban Valeca

Șerban Constantin Valeca (23 June 1956–15 May 2022) was a Romanian politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), he served in the Senate of Romania from 2008 to 2020. He died in Ștefănești, Argeș on 15 May 2022 at the age of 65.
# Marie-Luise Gothein

Marie-Luise Gothein (12 September 1863 – 24 December 1931) was a Prussian scholar, gardener and author.
Gothein was born Marie Luise Schröder in Passenheim, East Prussia. She wrote the monumental History of Garden Art, regarded as a standard work. It was published in German in 1913 and English in 1928. It is said to be the "best and most comprehensive" history of the world's gardens. In 1885, she married Eberhard Gothein. After the deaths of her husband and her sons in the First World War, Gothein traveled east and wrote a book on Indian gardens.
She was quoted as saying "The journey through the history of the garden is to walk through the garden of history. People, nations, generations, we are learning in their intimate, domestic habits, their scientific interests, their living and thinking, its solemnity, its decoration."
She died in Heidelberg.

## Publications

* History of Garden Art. Volume 1: From Egypt to the Renaissance in Italy, Spain and Portugal. Volume 2: From the Renaissance to the present day in France. Published with the support of the Royal Academy of Construction in Berlin. Diederichs, 1914 ISBN 978-3-424-00935-4
* Gothein, Marie-Luise Schröeter (1863-1931); Wright, Walter P. (1864-1940); Archer-Hind, Laura; Alden Hopkins Collection (1928) [1910]. History of Garden Art. Vol. 2. London & Toronto, New York: J. M. Dent; 1928 Dutton. ISBN 978-3-424-00935-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) 945 pages Publisher: Hacker Art Books; Facsimile edition (June 1972) ISBN 0-87817-008-1; ISBN 978-0-87817-008-1.
* Maria Effinger, Karin Seeber (Hrsg.):"Es ist schon eine wunderbare Zeit, die ich jetzt lebe": Die Heidelberger Gelehrte Marie Luise Gothein (1863-1931). Eine Ausstellung der Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, Winter, Heidelberg 2014, ISBN 978-3825363079 (German)
# Elba Rosa Pérez Montoya

Elba Rosa Pérez Montoya (born November 20, 1960) is a Cuban politician and academic. She served as Cuba's Minister of Science, Technology and the Environment for 11 years until being replaced by Eduardo Martínez in February 2024.

## Life

Pérez Montoya was born in 1960. She began her career in academia, working as a professor, senior professor, vice dean of research and eventually head of the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Oriente in Santiago. She also held the role of professional secretary general of the University Party Committee.
Pérez Montoya is a member of the Communist Party of Cuba and served as a representative in the National Assembly for Granma Province. She became the Minister of Science, Technology and the Environment in 2012.
In 2018 she was re-elected as a Deputy to Cuba's National Assembly of People's Power at Havana's Convention Center.
In 2019 the Cuban Prime Minister, Manuel Marrero Cruz, ratified Minister Pérez Montoya as a member of his council of ministers.
# The Track Record

The Track Record was an American pop punk band from Annapolis, Maryland, United States, that was signed to Rushmore Records. The band consisted of Michael Strackbein (vocals, bass guitar), Rob Elson (guitar), Rob Viti (guitar), and Hasani Martin (drums). Rob Elson was the primary songwriter. Rob Elson and Hasani both attended the University of Maryland, College Park, until they decided to pursue the band full-time.
The band formed in 2003 and soon after recorded what they called "the 2003 EP". The EP had six songs, including "Letters to Summer". "Letters to Summer" was also on their second EP recorded in 2004. This EP was re-released in 2005 after they were signed by Rushmore Records. They were the first band asked to be signed by Rushmore, but due to legal complications they were the fourth band signed after Self Against City, Day at the Fair, and Houston Calls. Their first national tour was in the summer of 2005 with Rookie of the Year. They also played select dates of the 2005 Vans Warped Tour.
In September 2006, The Track Record left Rushmore records and entered the studio to record their debut full length titled "The Coolest Kind of Crazy" which would be released by the band, independent of any record label. The title of the album is also the last line of the record. Soon after completion of the album, they left for their second national tour with Southcott and Upper Class Trash. The album was available on their website for pre-sale on Thanksgiving weekend 2006 while the band was in Yorba Linda, California. The band has also played with other bands such as Hidden in Plain View and Hellogoodbye.
The Track Record announced on their MySpace page on May 2, 2007, that they "decided to stop playing music as The Track Record….we are breaking up or going on "indefinite hiatus," if you will." Their final performance as a band was at Recher Theatre on August 19, 2007, with the Dangerous Summer, Gatsby Gets the Green Light, the Spotlight, and You, Me, and Everyone We Know.
Guitarist Rob Viti died in February 2011 at the age of 26.
In 2016, Strackbein formed the band Mean Sea with Jeremy Hayes and Shane Walsh.

## Discography
### Albums

* "The Coolest Kind of Crazy" (2006)

### EPs

* "The 2003 EP" (2003)
* "The Track Record EP" (2005) released on Rushmore Records

### Non album tracks

* "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" on Happy Holidays from Drive-Thru Records, December, 2004
# Gaza Strippers

Gaza Strippers were an American garage punk band from Chicago formed by Rick Sims, who had previously played guitar with The Supersuckers and was the lead singer and lead guitarist of The Didjits. The band released its first single in 1997 on Bam Bam Records, titled "Transistor". The group released its first full-length album, Laced Candy, on Man's Ruin Records in 1999, and followed with 1000 Watt Confessions on Lookout! Records the following year in 2000. They released their next album, Electric Bible, on Twenty Stone Blatt Records in 2000. The group's final full-length album, From the Desk of Dr. Freepill, was issued in 2002. Both Rick Sims and Mike Hodgkiss share lead guitar.

## Members

* Rick Sims - vocals, guitar
* Mike "Hadji" Hodgkiss - guitar
* Darren Hooper - bass
* Cory Stateler / Todd Marino / Mark Allen - drums

## Discography

* Laced Candy (Man's Ruin Records, 1999)
* 1000 Watt Confessions (Lookout! Records, 2000)
* Electric Bible: The New Testament (Triple X Records, 2001)
* From the Desk of Dr. Freepill (Nicotine Records, 2002)
# Bischheim, Bas-Rhin

Bischheim (French pronunciation: ; Alsatian: Bésche) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department and Grand Est region of north-eastern France.

## Geography

The town is bordered by Hoenheim, Strasbourg, Schiltigheim, and Niederhausbergen. It lies on the Ill and the canal between the Rhine and the Rhône (Rhône–Rhine Canal).

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 1,423 | — |
| 1800 | 1,859 | +3.89% |
| 1806 | 1,822 | −0.33% |
| 1821 | 2,088 | +0.91% |
| 1831 | 2,347 | +1.18% |
| 1836 | 2,718 | +2.98% |
| 1841 | 2,692 | −0.19% |
| 1846 | 2,929 | +1.70% |
| 1851 | 3,137 | +1.38% |
| 1856 | 3,190 | +0.34% |
| 1861 | 3,401 | +1.29% |
| 1866 | 3,624 | +1.28% |
| 1871 | 3,860 | +1.27% |
| 1875 | 4,112 | +1.59% |
| 1880 | 4,931 | +3.70% |
| 1885 | 5,340 | +1.61% |
| 1890 | 6,045 | +2.51% |
| 1895 | 6,722 | +2.15% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1900 | 7,764 | +2.92% |
| 1905 | 9,012 | +3.03% |
| 1910 | 9,865 | +1.83% |
| 1921 | 9,635 | −0.21% |
| 1926 | 10,240 | +1.23% |
| 1931 | 10,955 | +1.36% |
| 1936 | 11,287 | +0.60% |
| 1946 | 10,740 | −0.50% |
| 1954 | 11,430 | +0.78% |
| 1962 | 12,355 | +0.98% |
| 1968 | 14,383 | +2.57% |
| 1975 | 14,985 | +0.59% |
| 1982 | 16,215 | +1.13% |
| 1990 | 16,308 | +0.07% |
| 1999 | 16,763 | +0.31% |
| 2007 | 17,739 | +0.71% |
| 2012 | 17,491 | −0.28% |
| 2017 | 17,093 | −0.46% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Ali Galip Yenen

Ali Galip Yenen (1877 – 7 May 1948) was a Turkish career officer, government minister and antisemitic politician.

## Biography

Ali Galip Yenen was one of the leading commanders during the Turkish War of Independence. After graduating from the Military Academy in 1897, he served in various units. On 9 July 1921, during the War of Independence, he was appointed as the Deputy Commander of the Gendarmerie and then to the General Command of the Gendarmerie. While in this post, he was elected to the Grand National Assembly from Niğde (1923) and served in the parliament until the end of the fourth period (1935). He retired from political life on 18 July 1937 at his own request.