OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Hargraft

William Hargraft (October 16, 1829 – July 8, 1887) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Northumberland West in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1875 to 1879 as a Liberal member.
He was born in Templemore, County Tipperary, Ireland in 1829, the son of the local postmaster, George Hargraft. He came to Cobourg, Upper Canada with his family in 1833. In 1853, he married Mary Ross. Hargraft served on the town council for Cobourg, also serving as mayor and a commissioner of the Cobourg Town Trust. He was a director of the Hand-in-Hand Fire Insurance Company.
His son John later served as a member of the House of Commons.

## Electoral history

vte1875 Ontario general election: Northumberland West :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | William Hargraft | 1,251 | 52.59 | |
| | Conservative | Charles Gifford | 1,128 | 47.41 | −4.80 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,379 | 70.78 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 3,361 |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | Swing | +2.40 |
| Source: Elections Ontario |||||||
# Hoàng Diệu

Hoàng Diệu (chữ Hán: 黃耀, 14 March 1829 – 25 April 1882), born Hoàng Kim Tích (黃金錫), courtesy name Quang Viễn, was a Nguyễn dynasty Governor-general of Hà - Ninh, who committed suicide after failure in protecting Hà Nội citadel.

## Early years

Hoàng Diệu was born in 1829 in a Confucian family in Xuân Đài village, Diên Phước district, Quảng Nam province (now is Điện Bàn, Quảng Nam). In 1848, he got Cử nhân (舉人 senior bachelor) degree in the Regional Exam (Vietnamese: Thi Hương). In 1853, he got Phó bảng [vi] (sub table, under doctorate table) title in the National Exam (Vietnamese: Thi Hội). In 1855, he was appointed to Chief of Bồng Sơn district, then Tuy Viễn district in Bình Định province.
In 1864, there was a coup attempt by Hồng Tập, a younger cousin of King Tự Đức (also known as Hồng Nhậm). The attempt was early exposed, and its top leaders, Hồng Tập and Nguyễn Văn Viện were sentenced to the guillotine. Hoàng Diệu came to take the chief position of Hương Trà district instead of Tôn Thất Thanh, who was sentenced to jail for aiding the coup.$^{:1063–1064}$
He was then posted to Tri phủ [vi] (Prefect) of Đa Phúc fu (now is Bắc Giang Province), Án sát [vi] (Surveillance Commissioner) of Nam Định Province, and Bố chánh [vi] (Administration Commissioner) of Bắc Ninh Province.
In 1878, there was a huge flood in Quảng Nam, many districts fell into disease, starvation, robberies. Knowing Hoàng Diệu was an upright man, knowledgeable about the people and customs of Quảng land, King Tự Đức appointed him as Imperial Commissioner to take care of the health and safety of the people and eliminate thieves. After completing the responsibilities in Quảng Nam in early 1879, Hoàng Diệu returned to the imperial court to take up the position of the Deputy Minister of Justice, then Deputy Minister of Administration cum Chief of Censorate.
In 1880, Hoàng Diệu was appointed as the governor-general of Hà Ninh (now are Hà Nội, Hà Nam, and Ninh Bình). He suggested separation of Lý Nhân fu of Hà Nội province to form a new province under the reign of King Tự Đức. That suggestion was realized in 1890 by the French Indochina authority with the formation of Hà Nam province.

## Battle of Hanoi (1882)

Hoàng Diệu committed suicide by hanging when the French under captain Henri Rivière, having exceeded his superiors' orders, suddenly took the citadel of Hanoi on 25 April 1882.

## Legacy and memory

Hoàng Diệu is venerated alongside Nguyễn Tri Phương by the Vietnamese people as loyal subjects who sacrificed themselves for Vietnam. Many cities and streets in Vietnam are named after him.
His grandson was the essayist Phan Khôi.
# Alfonso Balzico

Alfonso Balzico (18 October 1825 – 3 February 1901) was an Italian sculptor. He was born in Cava de' Tirreni, near Salerno in Italy and died in Rome.

## Biography

After completing studies in literature, he began sculpting in wood, then marble, and was then awarded a stipend to study at the Academy of the Arts in Naples. In Naples, he won a silver medal and a further award for his submission of a clay model of Procris dying in the Arms of Cephalus, which he presented to the Provincial Council of Salerno. Another prize was awarded to his bas-relief of Angel escorts St Peter out of Prison. He then went to Rome and finished a Flavio Gioia, Return of Dinah and Jacob, a St John the Baptist, a Virgin of the Purity, and a Noli me tangere.
He then traveled to Milan and Florence in 1858 and 1860, where his views turned away from Neoclassicism towards realism and romanticism. He returned to Naples, but his works attracted the attention of Victor Emmanuel II, the King of Italy. He sculpted statues depicting the Naive and the Poor; Revenge; and an Owl. He moved to Turin, where he was commissioned a monument to Massimo d'Azeglio as well as a highly dynamic equestrian monument to Prince Ferdinando, Duke of Genoa, where the Prince attempts to stand up in mid-battle, while his wounded horse falls. He also sculpted a Cleopatra, and helped design coins and medals. He painted several portraits and sculpted busts of the Crown Prince of Portugal, Prince Napoleon, and Costantino Nigra. In 1866, he became the sculptor of the House of Savoy. In 1875, he went to Rome, and in 1900, his statue of Flavio Gioja won the gold medal at the Exposition Universelle, Paris, one year before his death.
# Christopher Mudgett

Christopher Joseph Mudgett (born December 14, 1982) is an American artist known for his monochromatic artworks; primarily oil paintings, drawings, and sculptures.
He lives and works in the historic Whitley Heights district of Los Angeles.

## Exhibitions

Mudgett began exhibiting his work in 2012. After years of participating in group shows, solo exhibits and art fairs across the country, Mudgett left his gallery representation in favor of being able to take control of his artistic output and the way in which his work was presented.
In 2024 Mudgett announced his fourth solo exhibition in Los Angeles. "THE PISS" a collection of paintings created between 2020 and 2023 was curated by Gene Lemuel and presented by ESO bureau de recherches. The show was on view from March 21 - April 18, 2024.

## Collections

Christopher Mudgett's artwork is currently held in private collections around the world, including North & Central America, Great Britain, Singapore, Denmark, Spain, Germany, France, and China.
# Lodovico Nulli

Lodovico Nulli (20 February 1891 – 20 March 1962) was an Italian sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Wildey Sports and Cultural Club

Wildey Sports and Cultural Club is a cricket club in Barbados. The club competes in the Barbados Cricket Association Elite Division competition, the premier cricket competition in Barbados. The club was established in 1964 for and by employees of Banks Brewery, a leading brewery in Barbados and until 2014 was called Banks Sports and Cultural Club Until 2013, the club played at the Brewery Ground; it now plays at the Samuel Jackman Prescod Institute of Technology at Pine Hill.
Unlike some Barbadian clubs established before the 1960s such as Pickwick, Wanderers and Carlton, Wildey began as a club primarily for black Barbadians.
Admitted to Division 1 in 1973, Banks/Wildey has since won the Division 1 championship six times: 1978, 1979, 1986, 2001, 2002 and 2007.
Notable cricketers from the club include:
* Malcolm Marshall.
* Gordon Greenidge
* Vanburn Holder
* Sherwin Campbell.
* Carlos Brathwaite.
# Kiémou

Kiémou is a town in northern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Korhogo Department in Poro Region, Savanes District.
Kiémou was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Kiémou was 22,422.

## Villages

The 24 villages of the sub-prefecture of Kiémou and their population in 2014 are:
* Bemavogo (1,233)
* Blaoura (428)
* Dalangbo (1,448)
* Diedana (171)
* Diegon (1,135)
* Diembekaha (593)
* Fougniguekaha (173)
* Gogbala (730)
* Kafine (2,277)
* Kafoungo (170)
* Kiemou (3,908)
* Kodanakaha (87)
* Koko (1,132)
* Labelekaha (2,198)
* Lonakaha (609)
* Massogo (383)
* Nalourgokaha (654)
* Natiemboro (1,591)
* Noufre (501)
* Petonkaha (418)
* Sandonakaha (1,002)
* Siolokaha (1,045)
* Tienekaha (146)
* Wonnongakaha (390)
# Central Molecular Zone

The Central Molecular Zone or CMZ is a region of the Milky Way Galaxy rich in an estimated 60 million solar masses (M$_☉$) of gas within a complex of giant molecular clouds. It spans the centre of the Milky Way, and as such is in the Sagittarius constellation, between galactic longitude 1.7° and -0.7°, and latitudes -0.2° and +0.2°.
The CMZ differs considerably from other large volumes of the Milky Way in terms of gas density, temperature, and turbulence. Its molecular gas density is several orders of magnitude greater than the galactic disk. Its gas temperature typically ranges from 50 to 100 kelvin but, particularly near the Galactic Center, can be as high as 400 to 600 K. Sampling of spectral line widths within the CMZ are in the 15 to 50 km/s range, compared to 1 to 10 km/s for giant molecular clouds in the galactic disk. Additionally, compared to the galactic disk, the CMZ produces a higher flux of cosmic rays and also emits copious ultraviolet and X-ray radiation.
The CMZ is asymmetrical with a diameter varying from approximately 1600 to 1900 light-years. Its highest gas surface densities are found east of the Milky Way's dynamical center at positive latitudes and velocities. Estimates of CMZ mass distribution indicate it has three times more mass present in its positive galactic latitudes compared to its negative latitudes. Additional to its internal asymmetry, the CMZ's orbital plane may be tilted approximately 5° with respect to the galactic plane at large.
The CMZ contains the Galactic Center Radio Arc various supernova remnants and emission nebulae. Regions with concentrations of gas are titled Sgr D HII, Sgr D SNR, SNR 0.9+0.1, Sgr B1, Sgr B2, SNR 0.3+0.0, Sgr A, SNR 359.1-00.5, SNR 359.0-00.9, Sgr C, Sgr E and also thread-like features called the Mouse, Snake, and Cane. Molecules found in the zone include carbon monoxide, methanol, isocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide and silicon monoxide. Concentrations of cold dust with diameters of approximately 0.1 to 0.65 light-years, which are likely progenitor cores of future star systems, number in at least the hundreds.
# West Mickley

West Mickley /ˈmɪkliː/ is a hamlet east of Stocksfield, in the southern part of Northumberland, England. Along with the neighbouring settlements of High Mickley and Mickley Square, it forms part of the electoral ward of Mickley, Northumberland. It is just over half a mile from the town of Prudhoe and is south of the River Tyne. It is not a big village, being nearly half a mile in length with a main road stretching the full length of it (A695).
The small settlement of Mount Pleasant forms part of West Mickley. It has one of the few pubs in the area - the two-centuries-old Blue Bell Inn. On foot, Mount Pleasant is directly accessible from the main part of West Mickley via a steep but paved uphill path alongside High Close Woods and the Belasis Burn. When driving or cycling, however, one needs to take Stonybank Way, which goes uphill just east of the petrol station at Branch End in the neighbouring village of Stocksfield.

## History

Beginning with a few houses on the main road and at Mount Pleasant, the village expanded in the late 19th and early 20th century. West Mickley Colliery, owned by West Mickley Coal Co. Ltd, mined coal, iron pyrites and fireclay just east of the village between 1900 and 1924. A tramline carried coal and fireclay about 1 mile eastwards to the larger Eltringham Colliery. There was also a small quarry opposite the Blue Bell Inn at some time before the mid-19th century, but this and the top end of the Belasis Burn / High Close Woods were filled in later in the 20th century.

## Things to do

By the main road, where the colliery once lay, there is now a little park next to the houses and a field big enough for dogs to roam. Also there is a walk through Low Close Woods at the opposite side of the A695 to the houses, which leads eventually down to the River Tyne. Not many people use the park or the woods, so they are perfect for a peaceful walk, but the path is well marked and clear.
# Franco Urru

Franco Urru (died November 29, 2012) was an Italian comic artist best known in the United States for his work on Spike: Asylum, Spike: Shadow Puppets and Angel: After The Fall for IDW Publishing.
He was the main artist for the first five issues of Angel: After The Fall, a canonical continuation of the Angel television series.
He died on November 29, 2012.
# Sinthusa natsumiae

Sinthusa natsumiae is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae first described by Hisakazu Hayashi in 1979. It is endemic to the Philippines and is found on many islands. It is very beautiful, especially on the forewing upperside of the male, where it has two brilliant blue colours. Its forewing length is about 12–15 mm
Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to the second daughter of the author.
# Oh Sang-eun

Oh Sang-eun (Korean: 오상은; Hanja: 吳尚垠; Korean pronunciation:; born April 13, 1977, in Daegu, South Korea) is a South Korean table tennis player. His world ranking had been in the top 10 since the 2005 World Championships in Shanghai until April 2008. His highest ranking was number 5 in May 2007.

## Career records

Singles (as of December 26, 2010)
* Olympics: QF (2008).
* World Championships: SF (2005).
* World Cup appearances: 5. Record: 4th (2009).
* Pro Tour winner (7): Korea, Chile, USA Open 2005; Chinese Taipei Open 2006; Korea Open 2007; Japan Open 2009; Brazil Open 2012. Runner-up (2): USA Open 1996; Japan Open 2003.
* Pro Tour Grand Finals appearances: 6. Record: runner-up (2006); SF (2005).
* Asian Games: SF (1998, 2002).
* Asian Championships: SF (2007).
Men's doubles
* Olympics: QF (2000).
* World Championships: SF (2001, 03).
* Pro Tour winner (10): USA Open 1997; Danish Open 2001; Korea Open 2002; Chile, USA, German, Swedish Open 2005; Korea Open 2007; Polish Open 2009; Brazil Open 2012. Runner-up (9): USA Open 1996; China Open 1999; Qatar, Japan Open 2001; Qatar, USA, Danish Open 2002; Croatian Open 2003; Japan Open 2009.
* Pro Tour Grand Finals appearances: 3. Record: winner (2001); runner-up (2000, 05).
* Asian Games: runner-up (1998, 2002).
* Asian Championships: runner-up (1998); SF (1994, 2005).
Mixed doubles
* World Championships: runner-up (2001).
* Asian Games: runner-up (1998).
* Asian Championships: winner (2007); SF (1996, 98).
Team
* Olympics: 2nd (2012); 3rd (2008).
* World Championships: 2nd (2006); 3rd (1997, 2001, 04, 10).
* World Team Cup: 2nd (2009, 10); 3rd (2007).
* Asian Games: 2nd (1998, 2002, 06, 10).
* Asian Championships: 1st (1996); 2nd (1994, 98, 2005).
# Wilbur Trimpe

Wilbur Richard Louis Trimpe (/ˈtrɪmpi/ TRIM-pee; June 10, 1906 – April 15, 1996) was an American educator from Illinois. Over the course of his career, he served as a teacher, principal, superintendent, regional superintendent, and college president in Southern Illinois. Trimpe was the first superintendent for Bethalto Community Unit School District 8 and third president of Lewis and Clark Community College. During his time as Regional Superintendent of Schools for Madison County, Trimpe advocated for the establishment and development of a system of statewide community colleges for Illinois.

## Early life

Trimpe was born June 10, 1906, to Carl and Katherine (Leithoff) Trimpe. He was raised in Mason County, Illinois. He earned a bachelor’s degree from Western Illinois college in 1942, a master’s degree from the University of Illinois in 1945, and worked towards a doctorate degree at both the University of Colorado and Southern Illinois University.

## Career

On May 20, 1950, it was announced that Trimpe was hired as superintendent of Bethalto Elementary District 152 and the newly formed Civic Memorial High School District 100. However, a referendum on June 2, 1950, combined the two districts, establishing Bethalto Community Unit School District 8. When Trimpe left Bethalto CUSD8 in 1959, Wilbur Trimpe Junior High (now Trimpe Middle School) was named after him.
After the 1958-1959 school year, Trimpe left Bethalto Schools upon being elected Regional Superintendent of Schools for Madison County. He served as regional superintendent from 1959 to 1973. In 1973, Trimpe was selected to be the third president of Lewis and Clark Community College. He held this position until his retirement in 1983. In his previous position as regional superintendent, Trimpe lead the effort in 1969 to create the Lewis and Clark Community College district. The vocational technical building on campus was dedicated to Trimpe and named the "Trimpe Vocational-Technical Building”.
In 1982, Trimpe was inducted to the Illinois Basketball Hall of Fame for his 33 years of high school basketball officiating.

## Philanthropy

In 1995, Trimpe created the Wanita E. and Wilbur R.L. Trimpe Endowment Scholarship Fund. The scholarship is awarded to Civic Memorial High School graduates entering Lewis and Clark Community College.

## Death

Wilbur Trimpe died in Morrison, Illinois, on April 15, 1996. He was 89 years old.
# Nadège Douroux

Nadège Douroux (born 23 May 1981) is a French yacht racer who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Bernd T. Matthias Prize

The Bernd Theodor Matthias Prize is a science award for innovative contributions to the material aspects of superconductivity.

## Summary

Bernd Theodor Matthias Prize is presented since 1989 by the Bell Labs, created by friends and colleagues of prof. Bernd T. Matthias.
Since 2000, the Prize has been sponsored by the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston. The Prize consists of $5,000 USD and a special framed certificate.

## List of laureates

| Year | Name | Nationality | Citation |
| 1989 | Theodore H. Geballe | United States | Inaugural Prize. |
| 1991 | Hiroshi Maeda Yoshinori Tokura | Japan Japan | |
| 1994 | Chu Ching-wu Bernard Raveau Maw-Kuen Wu | Taiwan France Taiwan | |
| 1997 | Bertram Batlogg Robert Cava | Austria United States | |
| 2000 | M. Brian Maple | United States | |
| 2003 | Jun Akimitsu | Japan | |
| 2006 | Frank Steglich | Germany | |
| 2009 | Yoshiteru Maeno Hideo Hosono | Japan Japan | |
| 2012 | Ivan Bozovic Dirk Johrendt James N Eckstein | United States Germany United States | [6] [7] [8] |
| 2015 | Chen Xianhui Zachary Fisk Zhao Zhongxian | China United States China | |
| 2018 | Katsuya Shimizu | Japan | For his discovery of superconductivity in nonsuperconducting elements under high pressures with a Tc up to 29K. |
| 2022 | Mikhail Eremets | Belarus | |
# SKAP1

Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 1 is an adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the SKAP1 gene.
This gene encodes a T cell adapter protein, a class of intracellular molecules with modular domains capable of recruiting additional proteins but that exhibit no intrinsic enzymatic activity. The encoded protein contains a unique N-terminal region followed by a PH domain and C-terminal SH3 domain. Along with the adhesion and degranulation-promoting adapter protein, the encoded protein plays a critical role in inside-out signaling by coupling T-cell antigen receptor stimulation to the activation of integrins.
The demonstration that SKAP1 regulates LFA-1 adhesion was made by retroviral infection and by the SKAP1 deficient mouse. Additional work has implicated SKAP1 in binding to the exchange factor RasGRP1 and in regulating ERK activation in T-cells.

## Interactions

SKAP1 has been shown to interact with FYN, PTPRC and FYB.
# Maheshwari Chauhan

Maheshwari Chauhan (born 4 July 1996) is an Indian sport shooter. Chauhan finished 4th in the mixed skeet event at the 2024 Paris Olympics, losing the medal by a point, with a scoreline of 43–44.

## Early life

Chauhan was born in Siana, Jalore district, Rajasthan. She completed her studies at Lady Shri Ram College, New Delhi. She used to shoot for fun along with her grandfather Ganpat Singh, father Pradeep Singh and brother Daksheshwar Singh at the family's private range in Siana.

## Personal life

She married hotelier Adhiraj Singh in 2023.

## Career

Chauhan was the first Indian to win an individual medal in women’s skeet at an international event. She was trained under national coach Vikram Singh Chopra.
The 21-year-old secured the bronze on Day 5 at the 7th Asian Championship Shotgun in Astana, Kazakhstan. India won two gold, one silver, and three bronze medals at the event. The young shooter also led her country to the team silver alongside compatriots Rashmi Rathore and Saniya Shaikh. The triad of Indian eves shot a total of 190, narrowly losing out to gold medallists China, who shot 195. Hosts Kazakhstan secured the bronze with a score of 185.
# Diocese of Skopje

Diocese of Skopje may refer to:
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Skopje, current diocese of Catholic Church in North Macedonia
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Skopje and Prizren, former diocese (1969-2000) of Catholic Church
* Metropolitan Diocese of Skopje, former Eastern Orthodox eparchy of the Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric (Serbian Orthodox Church)
* Macedonian Orthodox Diocese of Skopje, part of Macedonian Orthodox Church – Ohrid Archbishopric
* Bulgarian Orthodox Diocese of Skopje, former eparchy of the Bulgarian Exarchate
# Stefano Bigliardi

Stefano Bigliardi is a specialist on the Islam and science discourse. He is an associate professor at Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco.

## Biography

Stefano pursued his undergraduate degree in philosophy at the University of Bologna, completing it in 2004 with a thesis centered on Kantian aspects in the philosophy of language of Robert B. Brandom, under the supervision of E. Picardi. He later obtained his PhD in Philosophy of Science in 2008 through a joint program between the University of Bologna and the University of Konstanz in Germany. His dissertation, focused on the concept of belief, was completed under the guidance of M. C. Galavotti and W. Spohn. Stefano began his postdoctoral research with a fellowship at the University of Konstanz, where he also spent five years teaching languages at the university's Language Institute. In 2011, he moved to Sweden to take on a research and teaching position at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Lund University, where he remained until 2013. From 2013 to 2015, he taught philosophy at Tecnológico de Monterrey in Mexico City. Stefano later became a Fellow at the Foundation for Interreligious and Intercultural Research and Dialogue in Geneva, Switzerland, during 2015–2016. Since August 2020, he has held the position of associate professor of philosophy at AUI. In 2021, he also began co-editing the Cambridge University Press Elements series titled "Islam and the Sciences" with astrophysicist Nidhal Guessoum.

## Works

* Islam and Science: Past, Present, and Future Debates (2023)
* New Religious Movements and Science (2023)
* La mezzaluna e la luna dimezzata: Islam, pseudoscienza e paranormale (The Crescent and the Splitting Moon: Islam, pseudoscience and the Paranormal, 2019)
* Islam and the Quest for Modern Science (2014)