OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Trinidadian dollar

The dollar was the currency of Trinidad until 1814. The currency comprised various cut Spanish dollars and other Spanish colonial coins. Before 1811, the dollar was worth 8 shillings, each of 12 pence. After 1811, it was worth 9 shillings. In 1814, sterling was established as the official currency of the island. Since 1905, dollars have once more circulated on Trinidad, first the Trinidad and Tobago dollar, then the British West Indies dollar, before the Trinidad and Tobago dollar was reintroduced.

## Coins

Between 1798 and 1801, shillings were issued which were segments cut from 8 reales coins. In 1804, quarter and half cut real coins were issued as 3 and 6 pence pieces. In 1811, 8 reales coins had holes cut in them. The plugs were issued as 1 shilling coins, with the holed dollars issued as 9 shillings pieces. All coins were countermarked with an incuse "T".
# Lansing Engine Plant

Lansing Engine Plant was a General Motors automotive engine plant located in Delta Township, Michigan. Constructed in 1981, it was originally constructed to create diesel counterparts of GM's gasoline engines, though, by the next year, GM had abandoned the project. By 1987, the plant was producing the Quad-4 engine, and in 2002 the EcoTec engine, but was closed that same year.
GM sold the plant to Ashley Capital in 2005 who then leased it out to auto parts supplier Ryder Logistics.

## Products

* GM Diesel Engine: 1981-1982
* Quad-4 Engine: 1987-2002
* EcoTec Engine: 2002
# Julian Ranc

Julian Ranc (born 14 September 1996) is a French middle-distance runner. He competed in the 1500 metres at the 2023 World Athletics Championships. He also finished third in the 800 metres at the 2020 French Athletics Championships.

## Personal bests

* 800 metres – 1:47.71 (Weinheim 2017)
** 800 metres indoor – 1:49.55 (Metz 2018)
* 1500 metres – 3:33.90 (Tomblaine 2023)
** 1500 metres indoor – 3:39.95 (Metz 2022)
# Jennifer Wolff

Jennifer Wolff Conde (1960 – February 6, 2024) was a Puerto Rican television reporter, show host, company executive and writer. From 1981 to 1996, Wolff appeared on multiple Puerto Rican television news shows, becoming a celebrity in the island. She also wrote several published papers, including "¿Hacía Dónde Va el Sistema Eléctrico? Una Mirada de Contexto" ("Where is the Electric System Headed To? A Contextual Look"), "Europa: Qué Está en Juego con la Invasión Rusa" ("Europe: What's at Stake With the Russian Invasion"-of Ukraine) and "Desde Madrid: En el Radar Para el 2022" ("From Madrid: on the Radar for 2022"). Wolff also wrote a doctoral thesis, which she named "Isla Atlántica: Puerto Rico 1580–1636. Comercio de Contrabando y la Conformación del Espacio Atlántico en el Caribe Periférico" ("Island in the Atlantic Ocean: Puerto Rico 1580–1636. Contraband trade and the conformation of the Atlantic space in the peripheral Caribbean").
As a reporter Wolff covered news about different countries worldwide, such as Somalia, Kuwait, Cuba and Bolivia.

## Early life

Wolff graduated from the University of Puerto Rico with a PhD in history and from Duke University magna cum laude with a double B.A. in history and Latin American studies.

## Television news reporter career

Wolff was a television reporter in Puerto Rico for 14 years, beginning in late 1981 and finishing in 1996. Between 1981 and 1990, after leaving WLII, she appeared on WAPA-TV's daily news show, Noticentro 4. By 1993, Wolff had moved to WAPA's main rival, WKAQ-TV, where she hosted, alongside Myraida Chaves, a show named "Estudio 2".
Wolff was Director at The Center for a New Economy (CNE) Policy Bureau in Madrid, Spain. She was part of the CNE team in various roles, previously serving as Senior Program Director and as Director of Programs and Communications in CNE's office in San Juan.

## Personal life and death

Wolff resided in Madrid, Spain. She died after being diagnosed with metastatic cancer on February 6, 2024, at the age of 64.
# Deepak Chopra's Buddha

Deepak Chopra's Buddha is a comic book on the life of Buddha, featuring artwork by Virgin Comics artists, written by Deepak Chopra.
   Chopra explained that the six-part series "explores Buddha's life in three phases: the Prince, the Monk, and the Enlightened Buddha. The first phase is full of mystery and adventure. The second focuses on Buddha's seeking the answers to his existential wonderings. And the third phase is about Buddha's enlightenment under the Bodhi tree and as well as his teaching."
It was adapted into a comic mini-series from Chopra's 2007 novel Buddha: A Story of Enlightenment, with art by Harshvardhan Kadan.
# Obukhov Formation

The Obukhov Formation is a geologic formation in Belarus and Ukraine that dates to the Late Eocene; the Obukhov Formation is equivalent to the Prussian Formation of Russia.
Rovno amber is found in this formation, and 90% of amber collected from the Obukhov Formation is extracted illegally and the trade is controlled by armed organised crime groups.

## Geological context

The Late Eocene Rovno amber is hosted in the Obukhov Formation, and it underlies the Early Oligocene Mezhigorje Formation. The formation is found along the northwestern margin of the Ukrainian Crystalline Shield exposed in the Rivne region of Ukraine and across the border near Rechitsa in the Gomel Region of Belarus. The granite basement rock was overlain by sandy to clayey deposits that were host to alluvial amber.
The two formations total between 2–7 m (6.6–23.0 ft) in thickness, both containing interbeds or mixtures of brown coals and carbonized vegetation. Both formations are sandy to clayey in texture, with the Obukhov Formation having more clayey glauconite-quartz plus sandy loess.
# 1902 Tuskegee Golden Tigers football team

The 1902 Tuskegee Golden Tigers football team represented Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute—now known as Tuskegee University—as an independent during the 1902 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Ernest T. Attwell, the Golden Tigers compiled a record of 4–1.

## Schedule

| Opponent | Result |
| Meharry Medical School (TN) | L 0–18 |
| Clark (GA) | W 11–0 |
| Morehouse | W 5–0 |
| Alabama State | W 85–0 |
| Walden TN | L 0–18 |
# P. L. Sharma

Payare Lal Sharma, also known as P. L. Sharma, is an Indian politician. He was elected as a member of legislative assembly (MLA) for the Inderwal Assembly constituency in October 2024. He was the winning candidate in J&K as of 2024.
# Wallace Mills, Ohio

Wallace Mills is an unincorporated community in Scioto County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

The community's namesake Wallace Mills was a watermill built in 1844. A post office called Wallace Mills was established in 1879, and remained in operation until 1904.
# Lea S. Pearson

Lea Pearson (1942 - 1995) was an educational psychologist who played an important role in developing training in educational psychology in Britain.

## Life

Lea Pearson graduated in psychology from the University of Hull followed by teacher training. After teaching in Birmingham, she moved to Manchester where she completed the training in educational psychology. She worked as an educational psychologist in Lancashire before becoming Principal Educational Psychologist for the City of Birmingham in 1980. She was awarded a special professorship of Applied Psychology by the University of Nottingham.
She was active in the British Psychological Society, of which she was elected president in 1988. She was only the second educational psychologist to hold this position.

## Publications

* Pearson, L. (1988). Conductive education. The Psychologist.
* Pearson, L., & Tweddle, D. (1984). The formulation and use of behavioural objectives. In D. Fontana (ed) Behaviourism and learning theory in education. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.

## Awards

* 1987 - 1988 - President, British Psychological Society
# Roman Slobodjan

Roman Slobodjan (born January 1, 1975) is a German chess grandmaster since 1996, and an International master since 1993. Slobodjan won the 1995 World Junior Chess Championship (under 20).
He was twice the Under-20 German Champion- in 1992 in Augsburg, and in 1994 in Herborn.
In the August 2023 FIDE list, he has an Elo rating of 2445. His highest rating was 2575 (in July 1998).
# Alkerton, Gloucestershire

Alkerton was a village in Gloucestershire, England. It was located along the M5 motorway just east of the River Severn. It was part of the parish of Eastington, and adjoined the village of Eastington at Eastington Cross.
# Institute of Advanced Studies in Education

The Institute of Advanced Studies in Education (IASE) is a deemed university in Sardarshahar, Rajasthan, India. The university is accredited as a "B+" institute by the NAAC.it is located in Churu District of Rajasthan.Iase is a deemed university recognised by ugc under section u/s 3 of ugc act-1956vide notification by MHRD no f.9-29/2000-u.3.Govt.of India. iase university is affiliated by govt.of India, MHRD notification on declaring the institute as Deemed to be University under f.9-6/81-u.3 dated 25 October 1983. IASE University's registrar is Dr.Dharm Singh Gehlot.

## History

Gandhi Vidya Mandir was established by Shri Kanhaiyalal Dugar who was born and brought up in Sardarshahr, in the erstwhile princely state of Bikaner. Shri Dugar went to Wardha and consulted Acharya Vinoba Bhave and other Gandhians like Kaka Kalelkar, Kishorlal Mashruwala, Krishnadas Jaju, Shriman Narayan Agarwal and Madalsa Ben. The project was conceptualized there and the name of Gandhi Vidya Mandir was decided. Later on, Shri Dugar consulted some other prominent personalities like Dada Ravishankar Maharaj, Swami Sharnanand, Hanuman Prasad Poddar, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Acharya Tulsi and Jayaprakash Narayan. Sardar Patel had promised to lay the foundation stone of Gandhi Vidya Mandir but he died. Devised as India's first Rural University, its foundation stone was laid in 1955, by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India.

## Programmes offered
### Undergraduate degrees

* B.E/BTech
* B.B.A.
* B.A.
* BSc
* BEd

### Postgraduate degrees

* MEd
* MBA

### Diploma courses

* Architecture Engineering
* Civil Engineering
* Mechanical Engineering
* Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
* Computer Engineering
* Electrical Engineering

## Campus

The university comprises 12 hostels—separate for boys and girls, with an intake capacity of more than 2000 students. Library has about 41,604 Books which includes journals, references, CDs. Facility also includes high speed internet, canteen, bank, sports ground, auditorium, well equipped medical facility gymnasium and a meditation temple.

## IASE Research Centre

To fulfill the need of carrying out Research, Development and Innovation work, IASE research center is established on campus. Its immediate goal will be to encourage faculty members and students at the Bachelor's and Master's levels to consciously bringing in research and innovation elements in their Project work. IASE does this by organizing various events like national and international conferences, workshops on research methodology, guest lectures delivered by eminent researchers from industry and academia Research and development IASE is doing research in fundamental areas of Education content, Human values, Value based science, Peace and Harmony and technology, consciousness, and human conduct.

## Training and placement cell

Training is provided to students to enhance soft-skills, group discussion and aptitude test capabilities as well as interview techniques.
# Maria Kowalska

Maria Kowalska (born 19 May 1929) is a Polish alpine skier. She competed at the 1952 Winter Olympics and the 1956 Winter Olympics. Her brother was Aleksander Kowalski and her sister-in-law was Maria Gąsienica Bukowa-Kowalska.
# Nærøyfjord

The Nærøyfjord (or Nærøyfjorden, Urban East Norwegian:) is a fjord in Aurland Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The narrow fjord is a branch of the large Sognefjord. The 18-kilometre (11 mi) long fjord is only 500 metres (1,600 ft) wide in some parts.
The river Nærøydalselvi flows down the valley Nærøydalen into the fjord at the village of Gudvangen, near the European route E16 highway. The village of Bakka and the Bakka Church are both located on the west shore of the fjord.
Since 2005, the Nærøyfjord has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It has also been rated by the National Geographic Society as the world's number one natural heritage site along with the Geirangerfjord.

## In popular culture

Nærøyfjord was also used as an inspiration for Arendelle in Frozen.

## Media gallery

* Nærøyfjorden from Bakkanosi
* Nærøyfjord with sightseeing boat
* View from Gudvangen
* Gudvangen ferry
* Nærøyfjord
* Nærøyfjord
* Plaquette at Bakka, signed by Queen Sonja of Norway June 10, 2006.
# Maria Rumyantseva

Countess Maria Andreyevna Rumyantseva née Matveyeva (1699–1788) was a Russian lady in waiting and alleged royal mistress of Tsar Peter the Great.

## Life

She was the daughter of privy councilor of Count Andrey Matveyev (1666–1728) from his first marriage with Anna Stepanovna Anichkov (1666–1699), and paternal granddaughter boyar Artamon Matveyev. She received a European education, living the first years of her life in Vienna and The Hague, where her father served as ambassador until 1710.

### Reign of Peter the Great

Fluent in French, a skillful dancer, beautiful and lively she attracted the attention of Peter I. Peter was severely jealous, reportedly threatened her with corporal punishment if she had another lover, placed her first among his mistresses and is said to have loved her until his death. She married 10 July 1720 Alexander Rumyantsev, and the couple were granted valuable gifts from the monarch.
In 1725 her husband was in Constantinople and then to the Persian frontier to the disengagement, but Mary remained in Moscow and gave birth to a fourth child, a son, baptized in honor of Tsar Peter Alexandrovich. Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich reported that the boy's father was not her spouse, but Tsar Peter himself.

### Reign of Anna

When Anna Ivanovna stripped her spouse of rank and exiled him to Kazan village, she and the children were sent to live in Alatyr village, where they spent about three years. In 1735 her husband had been restored to the rank of lieutenant general and made of Astrakhan, and then the Kazan governor, and appointed commander of the troops sent against the rebellious Bashkir. In 1738 Rumyantsev was appointed governor of Ukraine, and the family moved to Kyiv where, with the help of Mavra Shuvalova, Rumyantsev liaised with the disgraced Princess Elizabeth.

### Reign of Elizabeth

She was given the title countess and made lady in waiting to Empress Elizabeth of Russia, and had a lot of influence at court during her reign: reportedly, foreign powers paid her bribes for her influence.
In 1744, Empress Elizabeth ordered her to head the court of princess Catherine as Ober-Hofmeisterin. She was not popular with Catherine, who claims in her memoirs that Rumyantseva was the cause of her great debts during her first years in Russia, by introducing her to expensive habits motivated by claiming it to be necessary Russian etiquette customs.
After the marriage of Catherine to Grand Duke Peter in 1745, she was replaced in her office by Maria Choglokova.

### Reign of Catherine II

During the reign of Empress Catherine II, she continued to take part in court life and be present at ceremonies. In 1776, she was again appointed Ober-Hofmeisterin to the household of Catherine.
# Alfredo Carrillo

Alfredo Carrillo (born 1 September 1976) is a Paraguayan swimmer. He competed in the men's 50 metre freestyle event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Anne Dawtry

Anne Frances Dawtry (born 25 October 1957) is a retired priest who served as Archdeacon of Halifax.
Dawtry was educated at Westfield College, London and Ripon College Cuddesdon; and was a lecturer at the University of Chester before being ordained in 1994. After curacies in Corfe Mullen and Parkstone she became Chaplain of Bournemouth University. She was with the Ordained Local Ministry Scheme until 2006 when she returned to parish work at Chorlton-cum-Hardy, a post she held until 2011. A keen gardener and photographer, she was officially welcomed at a service on Sunday 22 January 2012 at Huddersfield Parish Church. Dawtry has retired effective 31 October 2021.
# Salvador Jiménez

Salvador Jiménez (born 26 December 1973) is a Honduran swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Scala Coeli

Scala Coeli (Italian pronunciation:; Latin for 'Heaven's Staircase'; Medieval Greek: Σκάλα Κοίλη, romanized: Skála Koílē, lit. 'Hollow Staircase') is a village and comune in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy.
The village is bordered by Campana, Cariati, Crucoli, Mandatoriccio, Terravecchia and Umbriatico.
# Gory Gopela

Gory Gopela is a rural commune and small town and in the Cercle of Kayes in western Mali. In 2009 it had a total population of 7,712, with around 3,600 people in the main town.

## Geography and climate

Gory Gopela is a rural commune, located over 500 kilometres from Bamako and about 25 kilometres north of Kayes city in the south-west of Mali. The commune, which covers a total area of 330 km$^2$, is bounded by the municipality of Koussané in the north, by Kouloun in the south, and by Bangassi in the east.
The commune contains a number of villages of note, which include Koumaréfara (pop. 1,520), Bougountinti (pop. 1,300), Tichy-Gansoye (pop. 1,115) and the main town of Gory-Göpel (Gory Gopela) (pop. 3,605). The smaller village of Dag-Dag (pop. 553) also lies within the commune, though facilities in Dag-Dag are considerably lesser than the larger villages.
The climate of Gory Gopela is Sudano-Sahel. Gory Gopela is predominantly dry and hot, and there are three seasons: a rainy season, a warm season and a cold season. Rainfall is very low for much of the year, hindering agriculture; this is worsened by the lack of agricultural land fallow. Soil erosion is a problem in Gory Gopela, where excessive removal of woodland and dry soils prone to soil erosion have contributed to a declining soil fertility.

## Government

Administration of the commune is led by the mayor, deputy mayor, the councilors, a secretary, a director, and a secretary typist.

## Demographics

In 2009 the commune had a population of compared to 5,296 in 1968.
The population are primarily Soninke, Khassonké, Malinke, and Fula in ethnicity. The population is young, with 58% of the population aged 0 to 18 as of 2006. The population density is 24 people per square kilometre. Over 800 immigrants are living in the commune, some of them aid workers from countries such as France, United States and Hong Kong but also people from Gabon, Libya and Democratic Republic of the Congo.

## Economy

The main industry in Gory is agriculture; millet, maize, groundnuts, and sorghum are important crops. Some farmers have access to fertilisers and improved seeds, though increasing production and yields is difficult given the commune's climate. The commune has more than 3,600 cattle, with over 660 sheep and 700 goats and donkeys. Fishing is practiced only during the winter. In the town and the larger villages a number of the population are employed as potters, blacksmiths, masons, mechanics etc.
Transport and communications are underdeveloped, and people are transported to and from Kayes by the very few who own vehicles. As of 2006 the commune did not have any landline networks.
There is one medical facility in the commune in the town of Gory. There is one doctor, three nurses, a midwife, and a pharmacist. Malaria is common in the area.
# Björn Olsen

Björn Olsen (born 8 April 1946) is an Icelandic alpine skier. He competed in two events at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
# Jóhann Vilbergsson

Jóhann Vilbergsson (born 20 May 1935) is an Icelandic alpine skier. He competed at the 1960 Winter Olympics and the 1964 Winter Olympics.
# Sveinn Brynjólfsson

Sveinn Brynjólfsson (born 27 July 1975) is an Icelandic alpine skier. He competed in the men's slalom at the 1998 Winter Olympics.
# Aharon ben Ab-Chisda ben Yaacob

Aharon ben Ab-Chisda ben Yaacob (Samaritan Hebrew: ࠀࠠࠄࠓ࠙ࠬࠍ ࠁࠠࠍ ࠀࠣࠁࠇࠪࠎࠃࠠࠄ ࠁࠠࠍ ࠉࠞࠏࠒࠬࠁ‎ Åʿrron ban Ab-Isdåʿ ban Yā̊ːqob, Hebrew: אהרון בן אב-חסדה ’Ahárōn ben ’Āv-Ḥasdā (ben Ya‘áqōv)) also transliterated as Aaron b. Abhisda b. Jacob (1 February 1927 – 19 April 2013) was a Samaritan nurse and priest who in old age served as the Samaritan High Priest (Cohen Godal).
He was considered by Samaritans to be a direct descendant of Aaron and the 132nd High Priest to hold the office of High Priest since the time of Moses.

## Life

Aharon was born in Nablus in 1927 and was educated by his father Ab-Chisda, a son of the High Priest Yaacob I ben Aaharon ben Shalma, learning from him the traditional poems, chants and prayers of the Samaritans.
In early life, Aharon stood out as an exceptional singer and as a reader of the Torah and became an author and poet. To earn a living, for forty-five years he also worked as a nurse at the National Al-Watani Hospital in Nablus, a hospital specializing in oncology, where he was loyal and expert.
Aharon was a younger brother of the High Priest Yoseph ben Ab-Hisda ben Yaacov ben Aaharon. Before becoming high priest himself, he was a deputy high priest and well known in the small Samaritan community. He was married and had four sons and two daughters.
As the eldest living member of the family of priests, on the death of Elazar ben Tsedaka ben Yitzhaq Aharon inherited the office of High Priest. In 2010, at the age of 83, he presided over the Passover ritual for the first time, wearing a green silk robe, secured with a broad cloth, and a tallit draped over his head. In their tradition, the Samaritans trace this attire back to Biblical times. Fewer than 750 of the faithful attended the rite.
On 19 April 2013, Aharon died of heart failure while at home on Mount Gerizim, aged 86.

## Role as High Priest

The Samaritan community has more than doubled during the 20th century, but is still small. Its priests, led by the High Priest, regulate the daily life of the community in a number of ways, ensuring its strict rules of religious observance are preserved, such as the full keeping of the Sabbath and other Levitical laws. They also serve as arbitrators and judges and set the calendar, or Ishban Kashta, which translates from Arabic as "true calculation".
One of the High Priest's main duties is to preside over the Passah (Passover) ritual.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 5 "High Priest Elazar b. Tsedaka the 'Aabta'ey (1927-2010)". The Samaritan Update. IX (3). January–February 2010.
* ↑ Michael Collins Dunn (5 February 2010). "Death of Samaritans' High Priest". Middle East Institute Editor's Blog. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
* 1 2 3 The Samaritan Update, XII (4) March–April 2013, p. 1
* ↑ Benjamin Balint. "Good Samaritans: Israel's smallest religious minority offers Jews a glimpse of what might have been". Middle East Institute Editor's Blog. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
| Preceded byElazar ben Tsedaka ben Yitzhaq | Samaritan High Priest 2010-2013 | Succeeded byAabed-El ben Asher ben Matzliach |
# David McLean (footballer, born 1957)

David John McLean (born 24 November 1957) is an English footballer who played as a central midfielder.
He started his career with hometown club Newcastle United but found opportunities limited. McLean moved on to Carlisle United but established himself as a regular when he signed for Darlington in 1979. McLean enjoyed a successful seven-year stay at Darlington. A key player in midfield, he helped the side win promotion under Cyril Knowles in 1985. He moved on to Scunthorpe United in 1986, and later joined Whitley Bay. In 2003, he was voted as part of Darlington's all-time XI to coincide with the club's departure from Feethams.
McLean played for England Schoolboys in 1973.

## Honours
### As a player

Darlington
* Football League Fourth Division third place: 1984–85