OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of ambassadors of China to Liberia

The Chinese Ambassador to Liberia is the official representative of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Liberia.

## History

The Republic of China (ROC) and Liberia recognised each other; from 1957 to 1977 and 1989 to 2003.

## List of representatives

| Ambassador | Diplomatic agrément/Diplomatic accreditation | Chinese language zh:中国驻利比里亚大使列表 | Notes | Premier of the People's Republic of China | President of Liberia | Term end |
| Tang Wu | July 1960 | | In 1965 he became ambassador to Santiago de Chile. | Chen Cheng | William Tubman | |
| Yang Chi-tseng | 1965 | | | Yen Chia-kan | William Tubman | 1969 |
| Yin Weiliang | 1969 | | | Yen Chia-kan | William Tubman | July 1977 |
| Wang Rensan | July 1977 | zh:王人三 | | Hua Guofeng | William R. Tolbert Jr. | January 1981 |
| Liu Pu | June 1981 | zh:刘溥 (外交官) | | Zhao Ziyang | Samuel Doe | January 1985 |
| Xiang Zhongpu | March 1985 | zh:项钟圃 | | Zhao Ziyang | Samuel Doe | April 1988 |
| Cao Yuanxin | July 1988 | zh:曹元欣 | | Li Peng | Samuel Doe | October 1989 |
| Kan Cheong Dunn | October 1989 | 鄧權昌 | | Yu Kuo-hwa | Samuel Doe | September 25, 1990 |
| Xu Cinong | November 1993 | zh:徐次农 | Residence in Sierra Leone | Li Peng | Amos Sawyer | September 1994 |
| Xu Cinong | October 1993 | 姓名 | | Li Peng | Amos Sawyer | September 1994 |
| Xie Zhiquan | September 1994 | zh:谢志衡 | | Li Peng | Amos Sawyer | September 1997 |
| Xie Zhiheng | September 1994 | zh:谢志衡 | | Li Peng | Charles Taylor (Liberian politician) | September 1997 |
| | October 2003 | | | Wen Jiabao | Charles Taylor (Liberian politician) | October 2003 |
| Lin Songtian | March 2004 | zh:林松添 | | Wen Jiabao | Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | August 2007 |
| Zhou Yuxiao | August 2007 | zh:周欲晓 | | Wen Jiabao | Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | March 2011 |
| Zhao Jianhua (PRC diplomat) | March 2011 | zh:赵鉴华 | Concurrently | Wen Jiabao | Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | December 2013 |
| Zhang Yue (PRC diplomat) | January 2014 | 張越 | | Li Keqiang | Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | February 2018 |
| Fu Jijun | February 2018 | 付吉军 | | | | February 2020 |
| Ren Yisheng | July 2020 | 任义生 | | | | |
6°15′49″N 10°43′25″W﻿ / ﻿6.263660°N 10.723515°W﻿ / 6.263660; -10.723515
# Joshua Upham

Joshua Upham (November 3, 1741 – November 1, 1808) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in New Brunswick. He served as a member of the New Brunswick Council.
He was born in Brookfield, Massachusetts, the son of Dr. Jabez Upham and Katharine Nichols, and graduated from Harvard College in 1763. He practised law in Brookfield. In 1768, he married Elizabeth Murray. In 1777, when, as a lawyer, he was required to take an oath of allegiance to the American state, he declared himself a loyalist and left for New York City to join the British. (He was subsequently named in the Massachusetts Banishment Act of 1778.) Upham was an officer, ending the war as a major in the King's American Dragoons. He was named a judge in the Supreme Court of New Brunswick in 1784. After the death of his first wife, he married Mary Chandler, the sister of Samuel Chandler and sister-law of Amos Botsford, in 1792. Upham, a slave-owner, voted to uphold the legality of slavery in New Brunswick in 1800 in R v Jones. He died at the age of 66 in London, England, where he had gone to lobby the British government to make the salaries of Supreme Court judges in New Brunswick comparable with those in Upper and Lower Canada.
His daughter Sarah married John Murray Bliss and his daughter Frances married John Wesley Weldon.
# Innocent Muchaneka

Innocent Muchaneka (born 3 August 1991) is a Zimbabwean footballer who plays as a midfielder for CAPS United and the Zimbabwe national football team.
# Men Who Have Made Love to Me

Men Who Have Made Love to Me is a 1918 American silent biographical film starring Mary MacLane, based on her book I, Mary MacLane (1917). It was directed by Arthur Berthelet and produced by early American filmmaker George K. Spoor.

## Cast

* Mary MacLane as herself
* Ralph Graves as The Callow Youth
* Paul Harvey as The Literary Man (as R. Paul Harvey)
* Cliff Worman as The Younger Son
* Alador Prince as The Prize Fighter
* Clarence Derwent as The Bank Clerk
* Fred Tiden as The Husband of Another

## Plot

The story of six affairs of the heart, drawn from controversial feminist author Mary MacLane's 1910 syndicated article(s) by the same name, later published in book form in 1917. None of MacLane's affairs - with "the bank clerk," "the prize-fighter," "the husband of another," and so on - last, and in each of them MacLane emerges dominant. Re-enactments of the love affairs are interspersed with MacLane addressing the camera (while smoking), and talking contemplatively with her maid about the meaning and prospects of love.

## Technical Innovations

This film represents the earliest recorded breaking of the fourth wall in serious cinema, as the enigmatic author - who portrays herself - interrupts the vignettes onscreen to address the audience directly. This film is also the first in which writer, star, narrator, and subject are unified.

## Preservation status

It is not known whether the film currently survives, and Men Who Have Made Love to Me is now thought to be a lost film.
# Mary Noel Arrowsmith

Mary Noel Arrowsmith (May 28, 1890 – October 7, 1965) was an American educator who was awarded a Croix de Guerre for her work with YMCA in France during World War I. Later she was active in promoting safety education and in the peace movement. She also served on the national staff of the YWCA.

## Early life

Mary Noel Arrowsmith was born May 28, 1890, in Connecticut, the daughter of Harold Arrowsmith and Helen Fleming Smith Arrowsmith. Her father was an Episcopal clergyman. She graduated from Smith College in 1913. At Smith, she wrote about Hinduism, and wrote poetry, for the college magazine.

## World War I

During World War I, Arrowsmith worked with YMCA in France in 1918, running a canteen near the front, alongside Gertrude Sumner Ely of Philadelphia. She was awarded the Croix de Guerre for her "great spirit of duty and ability when in danger." She shared a place of honor in a 1919 parade in New York, with fellow YMCA war workers Ely, Frances Gulick, Ethel Creighton Torrance, and Marjorie Skelding.

## Career
### Education

After the war, Arrowsmith was an education specialist, who published several articles in the Teachers College Record and other professional journals in the 1920s. She was assistant secretary of the education section of the National Safety Council in 1923 and 1924, which involved visiting local school districts to consult on safety education curricula. "Safety education does three things," she explained: "First it makes the child alive to the dangers with which complex modern life surrounds him and skilful in combating them. Second, it helps to form safety habits which will protect him throughout his life. Third, it awakes in the child a sense of the value and preciousness of human life and his responsibility in keeping himself sound and whole, and in making his home, his school, and his community a safe place to live in."

### YWCA, peace, and human rights

Arrowsmith served on the national standards study commission of the YWCA in 1940. She was secretary for international education on the YWCA's national staff during World War II.
In 1928, Arrowsmith wrote an article for The Nation titled "Irredentism in Hungary." She was a member of the Commission to Study the Organization of Peace, headed by James T. Shotwell, and signed the commission's 1944 statement titled "International Safeguard of Human Rights." She wrote "Are the United Nations Moving Toward a Governed World?", a leaflet published by the National Peace Conference.
# Hexham Old Gaol

The Old Gaol, also known as the Manor Office, is a custodial building in Hallgate in Hexham, Northumberland, England. The building, which now operates as a museum, is a Grade I listed building.

## History

The gaol was commissioned by the Archbishop of York, William Melton. It was designed in the Medieval style, built in rubble masonry and was completed in January 1332.
The design involved a three-storey rectangular building facing onto Hallgate. On the ground floor, there was originally a doorway on the left: this was subsequently replaced by a bi-partite mullioned window with cusped heads, and a new arched doorway with an architrave was inserted in the centre. The upper floors were originally largely blind: new fenestration was later added to these floors: on the first floor, additions included two pairs of lancet windows on the right and a single lancet window on the left, while on the second floor, additions included a bi-partite mullioned window with cusped heads on the right and two small single windows on the left. The building was surmounted by heavily corbeled eaves. Internally, the principal rooms were the two vaulted cells in the basement. The spaces on the other floors were largely for the administration of the prison.
The building held prisoners from Hexhamshire and, in the 16th century, also from the English Middle March: the prisoners were held in the gaol on a temporary basis awaiting their trial in the courtroom in the nearby Moot Hall. The building remains one of the oldest purpose-built prisons in England.
During the Hexham Riot in 1761, when a crowd protesting about changes in the criteria for serving in the militia, rioters were fired upon by troops from the North Yorkshire Militia in the Market Place. Some 45 protesters were killed, and many others were incarcerated in the gaol. After the prisoners had been transferred to Morpeth Gaol, the prison closed in 1820. It was then converted for use as a bank and a solicitor's office.
The old gaol became the home of the 2nd Northumberland Rifle Volunteers when it was formed in 1860 and remained in use as such until Hencotes drill hall was completed in 1891. During the Second World War, it served as a fire lookout tower. The building reopened as a museum in 1980. Topics covered include archaeology, archives, costume and textiles, law and order, music, photography, social history, weapons and war. The collections include 15th and 16th century arms and armour, and objects of local historical interest. The Border Library holds the "Butler Collection", which is a series of books, recordings and music relating to the culture of the Borders, assembled by the former Chairman of the Northumbria Tourist Board, William Butler.
# 2015 Laois Senior Hurling Championship

The 2015 Laois Senior Hurling Championship was the 122nd staging of the Laois Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Laois County Board in 1888. The championship began on 18 July 2015 and ended on 27 September 2015.
The championship was won by Clough–Ballacolla who secured the title following a 0–20 to 1–14 defeat of Camross in the final. This was their 25th championship title and their first in two championship seasons.
Rathdowney–Errill were the defending champions, however, they were defeated in the second round.
# Castle Hot Springs (Arizona)

Castle Hot Springs is a recently restored historic resort in Arizona that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located within the Hieroglyphic Mountains.

## History

The Apache Wars discouraged development of the area until the 1880s when the springs and the adjacent land were purchased by Frank Murphy for the construction of a health resort. The resort was completed in 1896 by the brother of the Arizona Governor Oakes Murphy, and the newly renamed "Castle Hot Springs" was heavily advertised to potential clients. During the resort's heyday in the 1920s it was visited by celebrities such as Zane Grey, as well as famous families such as the Rockefellers.
The resort was used by the United States military as a rehabilitation center from 1943 to 1944 to treat injured veterans of World War II. Future president John F. Kennedy spent three months at the resort during this period to recover from his wounds suffered during the sinking of his ship, PT-109.
The resort continued to be commercially operated until the main building was heavily damaged in a fire in 1976. The resort still comprises its swimming pool, administrative building and guest house along with the springs, which produce 180,000 gallons of hot water per day. The resort became a stop on the short-line Arizona and California Railroad in the 1990s.
The property was sold in March 2014 for $1.95 million. In March 2018, the resort announced a restoration was underway with plans for reopening in October of that year. The new owners have extensively remodeled and added to the property, adding 12 spring bungalows - with hot spring fed tubs, and 17 sky-view cabins. The resort reopened to visitors in February 2019.

## In media

Castle Hot Springs Resort was the subject of a 1994 documentary film by Mike Smith and a fellow student.
# Fábrica Nacional de Munições de Armas Ligeiras

Fábrica Nacional de Munições de Armas Ligeiras, (FNM), (English: National Light Weapons and Ammunition Factory), was the national manufacturer of small arms and ammunition in Portugal. It was established in 1947, and closed by the government of Portugal in 2001.
FNM-branded ammunition continued to be sold after the closure of the factory, however it was manufactured by prvi partizan.
# Haagse Poort

The Haagse Poort (English: Gate of The Hague) is an office building in The Hague, Netherlands. It is an unusual, asymmetrical structure of 275 metres (902 ft) long that spans the Utrechtsebaan with a large arch. The Haagse Poort consists of a high-rise part and a low-rise part that are connected by the arch from the eighth floor. The tallest part amounts 70 metres (230 ft) and 17 floors. The building offers approximately 108,000 square metres (1,160,000 sq ft) of office space.
# National Democratic Party of Tibet

The National Democratic Party of Tibet is a major party in the Tibetan government in exile, officially the Central Tibetan Administration, based in India.
It was founded on 2 September 1994, but the seeds of the party were planted by the 14th Dalai Lama at a meeting of the Tibetan Youth Congress in 1990. Based on that meeting, leaders of the congress began drawing up a constitution. Mr. TT Karma Chophel was elected the first President of the NDPT, and ten other executive members were chosen.

## Structure and activities

According to the party, its main aim and objectives are to prepare for the establishment of the political parties in a future Tibet, to promote democracy, to educate the Tibetan people about the significance of political parties, and to create awareness among the people about Tibetan issues.
In 2008, the party held workshops on democracy in Tibetan settlements located in remote parts of India, where the Tibetan community was taught about democracy as a value. In the 5th National Convention, the party passed a bill to support Tibetan political science students in different universities.
This party played an important role in arousing political discussions in exile. The party supported Dr. Lobsang Sangay both during the 2011 and 2016 Tibetan Election for Kalon Tripa, now termed Sikyong (Prime Minister) to head the Central Tibetan Administration. However, in 2016 the party nominated Speaker Penpa Tsering along with Dr. Sangay to provide wider choice to the Tibetan diaspora.

## Party leaders

* TT Karma Chophel (1994–1996)
* Kunga Tsering (1996–1997)
* Acharya Yeshi Phuntsok (1997–2000; 2000–2004)
* TT Karma Chophel (2004–2006)
* Chime Youngdung (2006–2012)
* Gelek Jamyang (2012–2016)
* Tsetan Norbu (2016–2019; 2019–2021)

## Opposition

In May 2011, Tenzin Rabgyal founded the People's Party of Tibet in an effort to bring plurality to the democratic process for Tibetans.
# Pete Wade

Herman Bland "Pete" Wade (December 16, 1934 – August 27, 2024) was an American guitarist. Wade worked as a session musician in Nashville, playing on numerous hits including "Crazy Arms" by Ray Price, "He Stopped Loving Her Today" by George Jones, and "Fist City" by Loretta Lynn. He was considered to be part of the Nashville A-Team.

## Life and career

Herman Bland "Pete" Wade was born in Norfolk, Virginia, on December 16, 1934. When he was 19, he moved to Nashville to be a guitar player. During his trip to Nashville, he only had $3, his suitcase, two ham sandwiches (he forgot the sandwiches on a bus) and telephone numbers for Don Helms and Jerry Rivers. Helms helped Wade join the Cherokee Cowboys, the band of Ray Price. From 1954 to 1964, Wade toured with Price, played guitar with the Cherokee Cowboys, and is credited with having aided in establishing the "shuffling sound" of Price's music. He also played lead guitar in the Country Deputies with Faron Young in 1957 and 1958, replacing Jimmy and Johnny Fautheree. By the late 1960s, Wade was a full-time session musician. His career included playing on songs such as "Crazy Arms", "He Stopped Loving Her Today", "Mountain of Love", "Fist City", "Harper Valley P.T.A." and "Delta Dawn".
Wade performed alongside Bobby Bare and Margie Bowes at the 30th annual summer concert series in Nashville in 1966. As a member of the Nashville Guitars, Wade performed as part of the 1967 Grammy Awards.
In 1976, the Nashville chapter of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences included Wade among the 22 artists named that year as part of the "Superpicker Band '76". Wade was part of the group of session artists in Nashville known as the Nashville A-Team for the thousands of records on which their music is featured. He had also received a certificate in 1975 for his work as a session musician on number one charting songs that year.
Wade was known for keeping a notebook with copies of the musical compositions for the sections of the songs he played over his career.
In 1990, Wade opened Pete Wade's Music Hall and the Oak Tree Restaurant in Springfield, Tennessee. Musicians Loretta Lynn, Kitty Wells, Johnny Wright, Vic Willis, and Don Helms helped break ground for the construction of both businesses. In 1991, the performances were broadcast live on WDBL Saturday evenings.
The Reunion of Professional Entertainers selected Wade as the top musician at their CMA banquet in 2002. The Country Music Hall of Fame honored Wade in 2016 as part of their series on "Nashville Cats".
Wade died of complications from hip surgery at his daughter's home in Hendersonville, Tennessee, on August 27, 2024, at the age of 89.
# Ojhiyana archaeological site

The Ojhiyana archaeological site in Bhilwara district, previously excavated in 1999-2000, revealed remains of Chalcolithic cultures. The 2000-01 excavation yielded white painted black and red wares, terracotta bulls, cow figurines, copper tools, and various beads, dating from the 3rd to 2nd millennium B.C.

## Excavations

The Jaipur Circle of the Survey, led by B.R. Meena and Alok Tripathi, conducted excavations at Ojiyana, 30 km southwest of Beawar in the hilly region of District Bhilwara. The site's unique hill slope location distinguishes it from other Ahar culture sites in Ahar river valleys.

### Excavation details

The site revealed a single-culture deposit with a thickness of about 7.5 m, divided into three phases based on pottery and structural evidence. Initial settlers used sun-dried mud-bricks for houses on the natural rock. In Phase II, locally available stones were used for construction, marking a shift. Phase III showed a decline with evidence of a devastating fire.

### Cultural continuity

Despite changes, the excavation displayed cultural continuity from the 3rd millennium B.C. to mid-2nd millennium B.C., indicating permanent settlement, growth, development, and decline, alongside the assimilation of new ideas.

### Antiquities

Unique findings include terracotta bulls, white-painted and stylized, termed "Ojiyana bulls," possibly used in ceremonies. Terracotta cow figurines, a copper chopper, Harappan-type faïence, and various beads were discovered. Ornaments included copper and shell bangles, copper rings, and pendants. Agricultural tools like saddle-querns and hammer-stones were also unearthed.
# Da Ponte operas

The Da Ponte operas, or Mozart–Da Ponte trilogy, are the three operas composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart based on libretti by Lorenzo da Ponte:
* The Marriage of Figaro (1786);
* Don Giovanni (1787);
* Così fan tutte (1790).
All created for the Court Opera in Vienna, they are in Italian, the language considered most suitable for opera at the time, and are Mozart’s most popular operas apart from Die Entführung aus dem Serail and The Magic Flute, composed on German libretti in the Singspiel genre.
All three are in the genre of opera buffa, with the urgency of a story covering a single day. Despite the light and comic character implied by the genre, they express an aspiration to freedom inspired by the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment and deal with themes which were daring for their time, especially with regards to religion (Don Giovanni), politics (Marriage), and morality (Così). Other common topics include the search for love or for sexual pleasure, disguise (especially transvestism) and the ensuing mistaken identities, the harassment of women by men, and the conflicts between master and servant.

## Productions as a cycle

Although the three operas were designed by Mozart and Da Ponte as completely separate, some stage directors endeavoured to produce them as a single story, in order to stress the continuities and echoes between them:
* In 2015–2017, French director Ivan Alexandre produced the trilogy at the Drottningholm Palace Theatre and the Royal Opera of Versailles, with subsequent performances on tour. In his version, the lovelorn teenager Cherubino becomes the libertine Don Giovanni, who then ages as the disillusioned but scheming Don Alfonso; at the end of Così, he designates as his libertine successor Despina, sung by the same singer as Cherubino, hinting at a cyclical nature of the story. Figaro and Leporello, both servants, are performed by the same singer, as they had been by Francesco Benucci in 1786–1787. Musical quotations are added from the other operas, as Mozart himself had done when Don Giovanni’s house orchestra plays the popular tune of Figaro’s aria.
* In 2020, Jean-Philippe Clarac and Olivier Delœil produced a cycle commissioned by Peter de Caluwe at the Royal Theatre of La Monnaie, Brussels. The three works are performed in a single set, a three-level open and rotating building inspired by Georges Perec’s Life: A User's Manual, making it easier to interweave three libretti in a single twenty-four hour story. Twelve singers each played two of the twenty-five roles (for example Almaviva and Don Giovanni, the Countess and Donna Anna, or Cherubino and Dorabella), and some characters from one opera had short interventions in another, for which a few lines were redistributed to them. A colour scheme identified the elements from each opera: the blue of temperance and constancy for the Marriage, the red of blood, violence and sex for Don Giovanni, and the yellow of betrayal for Così.