OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Federal University of Alfenas

The Federal University of Alfenas (Brazilian Portuguese: Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Unifal-MG) is a public institution of undergraduate and postgraduate education situated in Alfenas and having campuses in the cities of Poços de Caldas and Varginha, all in the southern region of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.

## History

Originally known as School of Pharmacy and Dentistry of Alfenas (Escola de Farmácia e Odontologia de Alfenas - EFOA), it was founded on April 3, 1914, and transformed into federal university in 2005. The institution has been responsible for the education of numerous generations of notable professionals through its undergraduate and post-graduate courses; for the consolidation of services offered to the local and regional communities; and for the significant growth of its scientific and technological publications, tied to the regional and national development.

## Campuses

The Federal University of Alfenas is a multi-campus institution, having 4 campuses:
* Main Campus - Alfenas
* Santa Clara Campus - Alfenas
* Poços de Caldas Campus
* Varginha Campus

## Undergraduate courses
### Main Campus - Alfenas

* Biology
* Biomedicine
* Biotechnology
* Chemistry
* Dentistry
* History
* Language and Literature (Portuguese/Spanish)
* Mathematics
* Medicine
* Nursing
* Nutrition
* Pedagogy
* Pharmacy
* Physics
* Social Sciences

### Santa Clara Campus - Alfenas

* Computer Science
* Geography
* Physical Therapy

### Poços de Caldas Campus

* Science and Technology
* Chemical Engineering
* Environmental Engineering
* Mine Engineering

### Varginha Campus

* Science and Economics
* Economics
* Public Management
* Actuarial Science

## Post-graduate courses

* Biosciences Applied to Health
* Environmental Science and Engineering
* Material Science and Engineering
* Pharmaceutical Sciences
* Dental Sciences
* Environmental Sciences
* Nursing
* Applied Statistics and Biometrics
* Physics
* Public Management and Society
* Physiological Sciences
* Chemistry
* Iberian History
* and others.
# Turkmenka

Turkmenka (Russian: Туркменка, Tatar: Yaña awıl) is a rural locality (a selo) in Lineyninsky Selsoviet, Narimanovsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 417 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Turkmenka is located 86 km southwest of Narimanov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lineynaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Saint-Jean-d'Illac

Saint-Jean-d'Illac (French pronunciation:; Gascon: Sent Joan d'Ilhac) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Kurchenko, Astrakhan Oblast

Kurchenko (Russian: Курченко, Tatar: Qartuzan) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kurchensky Selsoviet, Narimanovsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 423 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Kurchenko is located 80 km southwest of Narimanov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Turkmenka is the nearest rural locality.
# Lord Dawson

Lord Dawson may refer to:
* Bertrand Dawson, 1st Viscount Dawson of Penn (1864–1945), physician to the British royal family
* Lionel Dawson-Damer, 6th Earl of Portarlington (1883–1959), Anglo-Irish peer and soldier
* Thomas Dawson, Lord Dawson (1948–2007), Scottish judge
# Chalosse

Chalosse (French pronunciation: ; Gascon: Shalòssa or Xalòssa) is a wine-growing area in Gascony, in south-west France. It lies in the departement of Landes and is centred on the town of Dax.
Chalosse also gives its name to coteaux de Chalosse, the wine of the area, and is used to describe both the Ondenc and the Graisse varieties of grape.

## Location

Chalosse is located in the foothills of the Pyrenees, around the valleys of the river Louts and the river Luy, both left tributaries of the river Adour. The region is bounded by the Adour and the Pays de Marsan to the north, the river Gabas and the Tursan to the east and by the region of Béarn to the south. The neighbouring terroirs are L'Orient (west), Pays de Marsan (north), Tursan (east), and Bearn (south). The main town is Dax, to the west of the region. Other important towns are Pomarez and Montfort-en-Chalosse.

## Viticulture

Chalosse is a wine-growing region, and it gives its name to a number of grape varieties. Ondenc and Graisse are both known as Chalosse; it is also used as a synonym for Claverie (Chalosse blanche), Fer (Chalosse noir) and Meslier-Saint-François (Chalosse de Bordeaux). Chalosse Noire can also refer to a number of black grape varieties.
# George Smyth (Canadian politician)

George Smyth (November 1, 1864 – 1938) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He was elected in the 1926 provincial election representing Dundas in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal-Prohibitionist member and sat until 1929. The 1926 election was largely fought on the Conservative government's proposal to repeal the Ontario Temperance Act.
He was born in Matilda Township, Canada West, the son of Oliver Smyth. He was educated in Morrisburg. In 1900, he married Mary Dickey, the daughter of a former county warden. Smyth served as reeve for Matilda from 1922 to 1924 and was warden for the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry in 1924.
# Shake a Hand

"Shake a Hand" is a 1953 song written by the trumpeter and bandleader Joe Morris and originally recorded by Faye Adams, whose version stayed number one on the U.S. Billboard R&B chart for nine weeks.

## Background

The song, which has a strong gospel feel throughout, depicts a reassuring new lover making promises: "Just give me a chance, I'll take care of everything.

## Cover versions

* Red Foley (number 6 country, 1953)
* Johnnie Ray (1956)
* Pat Boone (on the 1957 album Pat)
* The Mike Pedicin Quintet (number 71 pop, 1958)
* Little Richard (on the 1959 album The Fabulous Little Richard)
* LaVern Baker (number 13 R&B, 1960)
* Jackie Wilson and Linda Hopkins (number 21 R&B, number 42 pop, 1963)
* Freddie Scott (on the 1967 album Are You Lonely for Me?)
* Magic Sam (1968, on the posthumous 1993 album Give Me Time)
* Elvis Presley (on the 1975 album Today)
* Ike & Tina Turner (on the 1985 album Golden Empire)
* Lou Ann Barton (on the 1989 album Read My Lips)
* Paul McCartney (on the 1999 album Run Devil Run)
# Dunstan Vella

Dunstan Vella (born 27 April 1996) is a Maltese professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Floriana.

## Career

Vella has played club football for Hibernians.
He made his international debut for Malta in August 2018.
# Alexander Stuart (Canadian politician)

Alexander Stuart (April 19, 1857 – April 2, 1928) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Renfrew North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1923 to 1928.
He was born in Wilberforce Township, the son of Charles Stuart. In 1884, he married Eliza Jane Burgess and then married Emma McCabe in 1904 after his first wife's death. He lived near Eganville and served 27 years as reeve for the township. He died at Renfrew on April 2, 1928.
# Lambert Peter Wigle

Lambert Peter Wigle (June 17, 1867 – October 3, 1941) was a Canadian farmer and political figure in Ontario. He represented Essex South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1914 to 1919 and from 1934 to 1937 as a Liberal member.
He was born in Gosfield, Essex County, the son of Philip Wigle, a United Empire Loyalist of Pennsylvania Dutch descent, and Hannah Wright. In 1900, he married Jennie Grainger. Wigle served as reeve of Gosfield South for seven years and also was a member of the council for Essex County. He died October 3, 1941.
# Nomy Arpaly

Nomy Arpaly is an American philosopher. Her main research interests include ethics, moral psychology, action theory, and free will. She is professor of philosophy at Brown University.

## Education and career

Arpaly received a dual bachelor's from Tel Aviv University in 1992 in philosophy and linguistics, and a doctorate in philosophy from Stanford University in 1998. She accepted a position as a Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor for the 1998–9 term, before accepting an Assistant Professorship at Rice University where she stayed until 2003. In 2003, she accepted an Assistant Professorship at Brown University, where she was promoted to Associate Professor in 2006, and then to Professor of Philosophy in 2014.

## Philosophical work

Arpaly has authored or co-authored three books: Unprincipled Virtue: an Inquiry into Human Agency (2002), Merit, Meaning, and Human Bondage: an Essay on Free Will (2006), and (with Timothy Schroeder) In Praise of Desire (2014). Additionally, she's written a number of peer-reviewed papers dealing with topics such as ethics, moral psychology, and action theory.
In Unprincipled Virtue: an Inquiry into Human Agency, Arpaly sets out to develop a systematic way to determine whether an individual is blameworthy or praiseworthy. Arpaly engages with (and attempts to refute) a number of prominent philosophers who have dealt with the issue previously (including Kant and Aristotle), but focuses foremost on developing her own theory of praiseworthiness, one in which people are praiseworthy or blameworthy for their acts in a way that varies with their moral motivations, and (in the case of blameworthiness) with the amount of their moral indifference. She sums up this concept as 'Praiseworthiness as Responsiveness to Moral Reasons'. Arpaly articulates a skeptical and deflationary view of the idea of autonomy, pointing out that at least eight separate notions of the idea of autonomy can be found in modern philosophical literature, and doubting that autonomy of any sort is needed for an action to be praiseworthy. One of the most significant contributions of Arpaly's book is that it lays out the flaws present in most former philosophical debate on the subject – the use of overly simple and unnuanced models in previous discussions of praiseworthiness. One of the central claims of Unprincipled Virtue is that the assistance that Huckleberry Finn renders to Jim is morally worthy even though Huck actively believes that he is doing something wrong, and that akrasia can sometimes be a more rational state than individual autonomy.
# Alpheus Field Wood

Alpheus Field Wood (May 30, 1828 – January 22, 1910) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Hastings North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1883 to 1894 as a Conservative member.
He was born in Jefferson County, New York in 1828, the son of Thomas Wood, who had settled in Bath, Upper Canada in 1810. He was educated in Upper Canada, taught school in Hastings County for three years and then opened a general store in Madoc. He later became involved in the hardware business and the trade in grain. Wood served in the local militia, becoming lieutenant-colonel, and was also a justice of the peace. In 1850, he married Eliza Ann Ross. He was reeve for Madoc township from 1857 to 1877 and during that period also served ten years as warden for the county. Wood was also president of the Belleville and North Hastings Railway and a director for the Grand Junction Railway and the Toronto and Ottawa Railway. In 1880, he was named government valuator for the Dominion of Canada. He was master and treasurer for the local Masonic lodge.
He was the brother of Samuel Casey Wood, who served as treasurer of Ontario. His son, William Field Wood was a physician in South Bend, Indiana.
He died on January 22, 1910, at the age of 81.
# SWEEPNIK

SWEEPNIK was a device designed by Otto Frisch that used a sweeping laser to follow bubble chamber tracks. It was later used to follow roads as an aid to the digitisation of maps.
# CHZZK

CHZZK (Korean: 치지직; RR: Chijijik) is a video streaming service by Naver, launched in April 2024. After Twitch announced the termination of business in Korea, CHZZK started operation.

## Pre-launch information

Details emerged about the platform through broadcasts by internet broadcasters who had meetings with Naver, trademark information found by netizens in related internet communities, and press articles. As Twitch reduced the video quality to 720p and halted VOD playback in South Korea, causing concerns among streamers who were considering migrating to other websites after Twitch terminated its services, many Twitch streamers reportedly had meetings with Naver.
According to internet broadcasters who attended the meetings, ChijiJik's UI and system are said to be quite similar to Twitch's. Features supported by Twitch such as VOD playback and clips are included, with plans for up to 4K streaming in addition to 1080p. There is a rechargeable sponsorship system integrated with Naver Pay, with the unit being 'cheese'.
According to information technology industry sources on 8 December 2023, Twitch held a business meeting with Naver the previous day to discuss transferring its streamers to Naver's upcoming gaming streaming platform, "CHZZK", scheduled for release on the 19 December.

## Beta testing

From 5 to 8 December, internal testing was conducted through broadcasts of in-house League of Legends tournaments. Commentary was provided by Jung No-chul, Necklitt, and Kang Kwi. On December 6, an official announcement for recruiting beta testers was posted. The mobile app was renamed to 'CHZZK (치지직)' as the existing Naver gaming app incorporated streaming functionality.

## Features

* During beta testing, streaming uses H.264 codec with an 8000 kbit/s bitrate.
* Accounts banned by streamers cannot chat in the respective streamer's channel. Temporary bans last for 30 seconds and can be applied repeatedly. If permanently banned, *followers of the respective streamer are immediately unfollowed, and the follow button is disabled, preventing further following.
* basic layout of the UI is similar to Twitch, making it easy for existing Twitch users to adapt.
* mobile application offers a feature to zoom in on specific parts of the screen.
* sponsorship currency, cheese (twitch bits), can be paid with Naver Pay or accumulated Naver Pay points.
# Great Glacier Provincial Park

Great Glacier Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Stikine Country region of British Columbia, Canada. It was established on January 25, 2001 to protect Great Glacier and the surrounding mountainous terrain. The park lies in the traditional territory of the Tahltan First Nation about 120 kilometres (75 mi) south of the Tahltan community of Telegraph Creek.

## History

According to the legends of the Tahltan and Tlingit First Nations, Great Glacier once spanned the entire width of the Stikine River to meet the toe of Choquette Glacier on the eastern side of the valley. The glacier was also the site of the last major battle between the Tahltan and Tlingit First Nations many generations ago.

## Geography

Great Glacier Park is located in the Boundary Ranges of British Columbia between the lower Stikine River and the Canada–United States border with Alaska. Immediately across the river from Great Glacier Park is Choquette Hot Springs Provincial Park, which protects a collection of hot springs and associated wetlands.
# Mary Hayes

Mary Hayes is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Mary Hayes Allen (1875–1935), American educator
* Mary Hayes Chynoweth (1825–1905), American psychic
* Mary Hayes Davis (c. 1884–1948), American writer, newspaper editor and publisher, and movie theater owner
* Mary Hayes Houghton (1837–1921), American journalist
# Peter G. Savage

Peter Gould Savage (February 28, 1846 – February 3, 1922) was a village councillor for Richmond Hill, Ontario from 1876 to 1879 and 1885 to 1896. From 1897 until 1905, he served as reeve for the Richmond Hill Village Council.
Born in Dundee, Scotland, Savage came to Richmond Hill, Ontario. Savage owned a furniture store on Yonge Street in Richmond Hill, which opened sometime around 1869. He stood for village councillor and was elected in 1876. He was re-elected as a council in 1877, 1878 and 1879. He was again elected to the position each year from 1885 through 1896. In 1897 he stood for reeve and was elected, and was re-elected each year through 1905.
Savage died in 1922, and was buried in Richmond Hill Presbyterian Cemetery.
# Quel movimento che mi piace tanto

Quel movimento che mi piace tanto (That movement which I love so much) is a 1976 Italian commedia sexy all'italiana written and directed by Franco Rossetti.

## Cast

* Carlo Giuffrè as Lawyer Fabrizio Siniscalchi
* Martine Brochard as Livia Bonoli-Serpieri
* Renzo Montagnani as Marquis Cecco Ottobuoni
* Cinzia Monreale as Anna Gilioli
* Francesca Benedetti as Lucia Guarnieri aka 'Lucy'
* Enzo Cannavale as Salvatore Siniscalchi
* Enzo Guarini as Agenore Fantecchi
* Mario Colli as Piero
* Carlo Verdone as Man at the Bar

## Production

The film marked the film debut, both as actor and as assistant director, of Carlo Verdone. It was shot between Siena, Monteriggioni, and the De Paolis studios in Rome.

## Release

The film was released in Italian cinemas by Stefano Film on 16 January 1976.
# June Croll

June Croll (1901-1967) was a U.S. labor organizer most active during the interwar years.

## Biography

June Croll was born Sonia Croll in 1901 in Odessa in Ukraine, at the time part of the Russian Empire. During her girlhood, she emigrated illegally to Canada and then to the United States, where by the age of 12 she was working in the garment industry in New York City. It is not certain when she changed her name from Sonia to June.
Croll became involved in trade unionism, organizing textile and millinery workers and leading strikes. She joined the Communist Party and by 1935 was secretary of the Anti-Nazi Federation. She later became the executive director of the Emma Lazarus Federation of Jewish Women's Clubs (ELF). The ELF was a progressive organization formed by Clara Lemlich and others to provide relief to victims of World War 2, to combat antisemitism, and to provide educational programs on Jewish identity and women's rights. Croll still held this job at the time of her death in 1967.
Her communist beliefs and labor activism made her a target of McCarthyism. An attempt was made to deport her, and she was called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee.
She died in 1967.

## Personal life

Croll married Carl Reeve, the executive chairman of the Communist Party of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Reeve was the son of labor organizer Ella Reeve Bloor. Croll later divorced him and had a long relationship with African-American journalist Eugene Gordon, starting in the 1930s. She traveled to the Soviet Union with Gordon in 1937-38. She married Gordon after he divorced his first wife in 1942. At times she used the alias "Mrs. Langston Hughes", possibly to confuse U.S. immigration authorities.
# Rangrutti Khera

Rangrooti Khera is a village in mandal of Assandh in Karnal district of Haryana. It is about 5 km from Assandh and 2.85 km from Jabhala.
rangrooti khera village was established in 1914 and that time most of the villagers are in army that is why this village got a name rangruti khera. But now about 90% of people from this village is settled in abroad like Australia, Europe and Canada or USA. There are plenty of people who are in Indian army as-well. This village is known by his bravery and the jaat community is in power in this village there are some well-known gangsters also belong with this village.

## Near villages

* Khanda Kheri
* Jhinda
* Ratak (Assandh)
* Uplana
* Jabhala
* Jai Singh Pur

### Caste

* Jaat
* NAI
* Ror
* Chamar
* Jhimar
* Brahamn
* Harijan
* Pal

#### Controversial Death

In June 2014, all four members of a family, including two children, were burnt alive in a fire at house of a farmer in Rangruti Kehra village, 45 km from Karnal, on Saturday. Surinder (35), his wife Usha (30) and children Anuj (10) and Anjali (8) died in their sleep and their bodies were charred beyond recognition. The cause for the fire was yet to be ascertained. Forensic experts inspected the spot and collected evidence and DNA samples. The bodies were sent to the PGI in Rohtak for postmortem examination. The incident came to light around 11 am when Surinder's sister visited the house. She saw the four charred bodies lying in a room. The news spread like wildfire. The police rushed to the spot. Surinder's mother Vidya Devi alleged that her family were murdered. Assandh DSP Shyam Lal assured the family that a fair inquiry would be conducted into this case. Forensic experts hinted that the fire might have been caused by a ‘beedi’ or cigarette. The initial report suggested suffocation as the cause of death. "We are investigating the cause. The forensic team has collected evidence to determine the cause of the fire. DNA samples have been collected," the DSP said. He added that the police would investigate the allegation of Surinder's mother. Village residents said the family were found burnt alive in the morning, but nobody saw flames or heard screams from the house.

### School

Government Primary School
# John Richard Eden

John Richard Eden (October 14, 1859 – after 1917) was a financial agent and politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as mayor of Berlin from 1899 to 1900 and from 1902 to 1903.* Uttley, W.V. (Ben) (2010). A History of Kitchener, Ontario. p. 413. ISBN 1554588081.
He was born in Waterloo township, Waterloo County, Canada West. Eden served on the county council in 1897 and 1898.
After the name of the city was changed to Kitchener in 1916, Eden became a member of the executive of a group called the Citizens' League which was formed in opposition to the so-called British League which had lobbied for the name change. Candidates supported by the Citizens' League won out in the city elections held in 1917. The British League was not gracious in defeat and there were incidents of vandalism after the election results were announced. However, the new council announced their intent not to change the city's name back to Berlin.
# Jordan Castro

Jordan Castro (born November 13, 1992) is an American writer and editor. He is the author of two books of poetry and a novel, as well as assortment of stories and essays, published in Harper's, Tin House, Muumuu House, and other magazines. He was the editor of Tyrant Books online magazine from late 2016 until it closed in 2021.

## Career

The Novelist, published in 2022 by Soft Skull Press, received positive reviews in Bookforum, Los Angeles Review of Books, and, among other magazines,Wired, which stated that Castro's novel contained "some of the most accurate—and accurately abject—depictions of the experience of using the internet ever captured in fiction." Michael Schaub, writing for NPR, which chose Castro's novel as a Best Book of the Year, stated, "Castro’s fiction debut is as meta as it gets, but that’s part of its immense charm."

## Writing style

Castro is influenced by Thomas Bernhard and Nicholson Baker, among other writers, and has stated he is "the new Dostoevsky."
# Cynthia Gairy

Cynthia Gairy (March 25, 1923 – January 29, 2018) was a Grenadan politician. She was the first woman to serve in the Parliament of Grenada and the Cabinet of Grenada. She was the husband of the first Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy.
Cynthia Gairy was born on March 25, 1923 in Saint David Parish, Grenada, the daughter of Francis Clyne and Felicity Francis Clyne. She married Eric Gairy in 1949 and they had two daughters.
In 1961, Gairy became the first woman elected to the legislature in Grenada. In 1972, her husband appointed her to his cabinet as Minister of Minister of Social Affairs, Community Development, and Cooperatives. After the 1979 coup ousting Eric Gairy, Cynthia Gairy was one of the government officials who publicly urged cooperation with the new government.
Cynthia Gairy died on 29 January 2018 in the United States.