OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Transfusion hemosiderosis

Transfusional hemosiderosis is the accumulation of iron in the body due to frequent blood transfusions. Iron accumulates in the liver and heart, but also endocrine organs. Frequent blood transfusions may be given to many patients, such as those with thalassemia, sickle cell disease, leukemia, aplastic anemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome, among others. It is diagnosed with a blood transferrin test and a liver biopsy. It is treated with venipuncture, erythrocytapheresis, and iron chelation therapy.

## Signs and symptoms

Transfusional hemosiderosis can cause cardiac arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy.

## Causes

Transfusional hemosiderosis is a potential side effect of frequent blood transfusions. These may be given for a number of conditions, including:
* thalassemia.
* sickle cell disease.
* leukemia.
* aplastic anemia.
* myelodysplastic syndrome.

## Mechanism

Hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying molecule in a red blood cell, contains iron. The body has limited ways to store and remove iron. When red blood cells (RBCs) die, they are consumed by macrophages. Transfused RBCs have shorter lifespans that native ones, so they die and are consumed more frequently by the macrophages, which causes the latter to die from excess iron which is then released into the blood. Therefore, with frequent blood transfusions, iron builds up in the body over time. This can enter the liver, heart, pancreas, and endocrine organs. Free iron increases the production of oxygen radicals (mostly hydroxyl radicals) that cause damage to cells (particularly their DNA).

## Diagnosis

Transfusional hemosiderosis can be inferred with a blood transferrin test. Blood ferritin may be increased with a number of other conditions, so is less reliable for diagnosis. A liver biopsy may be used, which is the most accurate diagnostic technique. The level of siderosis seen in a liver biopsy can be graded by severity.

## Treatment

Transfusional hemosiderosis is treated with a number of therapies. Venipuncture (phlebotomy) removes blood. Erythrocytapheresis filters red blood cells from the blood. Chelation therapy removes iron from the blood. This involves delivering iron chelating agents such as deferoxamine, deferiprone or deferasirox. If iron overload has caused damage to end-organs, this is generally irreversible and may require transplantation.

## Prognosis

Transfusion hemosiderosis can cause permanent damage to tissues that may lead to death. Tissue damage can remain even after chelation therapy. Outcomes are usually worse in patients who require blood transfusions compared to those who can have alternative therapies. Cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmia are often a cause of death.

## Society

Ted DeVita died of transfusional iron overload from too many blood transfusions.
# Aeromachus

Aeromachus is a genus of grass skippers in the family Hesperiidae. The species are known by the common name of scrub hoppers. They are found in the eastern Palearctic and the Indomalayan realm.
Club of antenna of medium thickness, with a short, recurved tip. The second segment of the palpus erect, the third porrect (stretched forward). Vein 5 of forewing midway between 4 and 6. The males have usually a linear stigma on the forewing which extends from vein 3 to 1.

## Species

* Aeromachus bandaishanus Murayama & Shimonoya, 1973
* Aeromachus catocyanea (Mabille, 1879) Yunnan
* Aeromachus cognatus Inoue & Kawazoe, 1966 Vietnam
* Aeromachus dubius Elwes & Edwards, 1897
* Aeromachus inachus (Ménétriés, 1859) Ussuri, Amurland, Taiwan, Japan.
* Aeromachus jhora (de Nicéville, 1885)
* Aeromachus kali (de Nicéville, 1885)
* Aeromachus matsudai Murayama, 1943
* Aeromachus monstrabilus Huang, 2003 Tibet
* Aeromachus muscus (Mabille, 1876)
* Aeromachus piceus Leech, 1894 Sichuan, Yunnan
* Aeromachus plumbeola (C. & R. Felder, 1867)
* Aeromachus propinquus Alphéraky, 1897 Yunnan
* Aeromachus pseudojhora Lee, 1962 South Yunnan
* Aeromachus pygmaeus (Fabricius, 1775) Nilgiris, Wynaad, Coorg, Kanara, Assam to Burma, Thailand
* Aeromachus skola Evans, 1943
* Aeromachus spuria Evans, 1943
* Aeromachus stigmata (Moore, 1878) Northwest Himalaya, Murree to Assam, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Yunnan.
# Raymond Gilloz

Raymond Gilloz (27 September 1931 – 18 March 2015) was a French speed skater. He competed at the 1956 Winter Olympics and the 1960 Winter Olympics.
# Translational lift

Translational lift is improved rotor efficiency resulting from directional flight in a helicopter. Translation is the conversion from the hover to forward flight.$^{:2–27}$ As undisturbed air enters the rotor system horizontally, turbulence and vortices created by hovering flight are left behind and the flow of air becomes more horizontal. The efficiency of the hovering rotor system is greatly improved with each knot of airspeed gained by horizontal movement of the aircraft or wind speed.$^{:2–21}$
As forward airspeed increases, the helicopter goes through effective translational lift (ETL) at about 16 to 24 knots. This is known as the ETL speed.$^{:2–27}$ Above this speed, the rotor system completely outruns the recirculation of old vortices and begins to work in undisturbed air. Efficiency continues to increase with airspeed until the best climb airspeed is reached, and drag is minimised.$^{:2–22}$
This additional lift can enable an overloaded helicopter to climb even if it is too heavy to hover in ground effect. Liftoff can still be achieved if the helicopter has enough of a straight runway to make a "running take off", where the pilot will accelerate the helicopter across the ground on its landing gear until translational lift speed is achieved and the aircraft begins to climb. This is described in Robert Mason's book Chickenhawk.
During the translation from the hover to forward flight, the difference in lift across the rotor disc causes a difference in drag, resulting in a noticeable vibration between approximately 10-20 knots.$^{:2–28}$
As speed increases and translational lift becomes more effective, the helicopter will tend to pitch up and roll to the right or left (depending on main rotor rotation direction), due to dissymmetry of lift, gyroscopic precession, and the transverse flow effect. The pilot must anticipate and correct for these effects.$^{:2–22}$
The efficiency of the tail rotor is also improved with forward airspeed. This is known as translational thrust.$^{:2–22}$$^{:1–113}$
# Chareb Errajel

Chareb Errajel, (Tunisian Arabic: شارب الراجل , sharb alrajl; French: Chareb Errajel) is a village and Imadat located in Ben Guerdane City, in Southeastern Tunisia. It lies about 3 km in the center of the city of Ben Guerdane and has an area of 135 square kilometers. It has a population of 4,108, according to 2014 statistics.
# Trademark (group)

Trademark was a German music vocal band consisting of three members: Achim Remling, Mirko Bäumer and Sascha Sadeghian. The group followed the Michael Learns to Rock sound, but with more ballad tempo. Their songs and singles included "I'll Be the One", "Only Love" and "Amazed".
Trademark's song, I'll Be The One and I'm Not Supposed to Love You Anymore, was the hit song for them in several countries, especially in Asia.
After some years, the three members decided to break up the band and started their own solo careers (according to the assistant of Achim Remling - better known as Achim Petry in Germany).
Their song "Only Love" was also covered by Cantopop artist Jacky Cheung under the name "愛下去" ("May love continue"). Another song "Miss You Finally" was covered by Cantopop artist Eason Chan under the name "終於一百日" ("A hundred days finally").

## Discography
### Studio albums

* 1997: Another Time Another Place (GER: #26)
* I'll Be The One
* I'm Not Supposed To Love You Anymore
* Miss You Finally
* I'll Be There For You
* There's No One Like You
* How Will I Know
* Is It Love
* There's Another Time
* My Child
* Moving On (Up Down)
* Standing On The Edge
* Talk
* 2000: Only Love
* Only Love
* Amazed
* Three's A Crowd
* I Could Live On Loving You
* Even When I Closed My Eyes
* Don't Want To Live Without Your Love
* Never Again
* Right By My Side
* Without You
* How Could I Know
* Step Into My Life
* 2002: Miss You Finally... The Very Best of Trademark
* Miss You Finally
* Only Love
* Three's A Crowd
* I Could Live On Loving You
* I'll Be The One
* Even When I Close My Eyes
* Never Again
* I'm Not Supposed To Love You Anymore
* How Could I Know
* There's No One Like You
* I'll Be There For You
* Without You
* Amazed
* Right By My Side
* Is It Love
* Get Up Move Your Body
* Get Down Sister

### EPs

* 1997: I'll Be the One (GER: #95)
* 1997: I'm Not Supposed...
* 2000: Amazed
* 2000: Only Love
# François Bidard

François Bidard (born 19 March 1992) is a French former racing cyclist, who commpeted as a professional from 2016 to 2023. He was named in the startlist for the 2016 Vuelta a España and the start list for the 2017 Giro d'Italia.

## Major results
### 2013

    8th Overall Tour du Gévaudan Languedoc-Roussillon

### 2014

    5th Piccolo Giro di Lombardia

### 2015

    4th Overall Rhône-Alpes Isère Tour

### 2018

    5th Overall Circuit de la Sarthe

### 2019

    9th Trofeo Laigueglia

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
| Giro d'Italia | — | 39 | 37 | 30 | 39 | DNF | — | 54 |
| Tour de France | Has not contested during his career | Has not contested during his career | Has not contested during his career | Has not contested during his career | Has not contested during his career | Has not contested during his career | Has not contested during his career | |
| Vuelta a España | 94 | — | — | 24 | — | — | — | 125 |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Soul on Fire (disambiguation)

Soul on Fire is a 2005 album by KMC, and its title track.
Soul on Fire may also refer to:
* "Soul on Fire", a song by Godsmack from Lighting Up the Sky, 2023
* "Soul on Fire", a song by HIM from Love Metal, 2004
* "Soul on Fire", a song by LaVern Baker from her self-titled debut album, 1953
* "Soul on Fire", a song by Spiritualized from Songs in A&E, 2008
* "Soul on Fire", a song by Third Day featuring All Sons & Daughters from Lead Us Back: Songs of Worship, 2015
# Tufts (surname)

Tufts is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bob Tufts (1955–2019), American baseball player
* Charles Tufts (1781–1876), American businessman and philanthropist
* Daryn Tufts (born 1973), American writer, director, producer, and actor
* Eleanor Tufts (1927–1991), American art historian
* Glenn Tufts (born 1954), American baseball player, manager, and scout
* Henry Tufts (1748–1831), American criminal
* James Tufts (1829–1884), American politician
* James Hayden Tufts (1862–1942), American philosopher
* James Walker Tufts (1835–1902), American businessman
* John Tufts (music educator) (1689–1750), colonial American music educator
* John Q. Tufts (1840–1908), American politician
* Nathan A. Tufts (1879–1952), American lawyer and politician
* Otis Tufts (1804–1869), American inventor
* Patrick Tufts, American computer scientists
* Peter Tufts (1617–1700), colonial American landowner
* Richard Tufts (1896–1980), American golf administrator
* Robert Tufts (disambiguation), multiple people
* Sean Tufts (born 1982), American football player
* Sonny Tufts (1911–1970), American actor
* Terry Tufts (born 1954), Canadian singer-songwriter
* Warren Tufts (1925–1982), American comics artist and writer
# GP Mario De Clercq

The GP Mario De Clercq is a cyclo-cross race held since 2000 in Ronse, Belgium with a break between 2004 and 2010. The track was drawn by former world champion Mario De Clercq, nameholder of this event and manager of Sunweb-Napoleon Games. From the 2011–2012 season to the 2017–2018 season, it was a part of the BPost Bank Trophy.

## Past winners
### Men

| Year | Country | Rider | Team |
| 2000 | Belgium | Mario De Clercq | Palmans–Collstrop–MrBookmaker.be |
| 2001 | Belgium | Mario De Clercq | Palmans–Collstrop–MrBookmaker.be |
| 2002 | Belgium | Mario De Clercq | Domo–Farm Frites |
| 2003 | Belgium | Ben Berden | Vlaanderen 2002 |
| 2004 | Czech Republic | Zdeněk Mlynář | AC Sparta Praha |
| 2005–2009 | No race | No race | No race |
| 2010 | Belgium | Sven Nys | Landbouwkrediet |
| 2011 | Belgium | Kevin Pauwels | Telenet–Fidea |
| 2012 | Belgium | Niels Albert | BKCP–Powerplus |
| 2013 | Belgium | Sven Nys | Crelan–Euphony |
| 2014 | Belgium | Sven Nys | Crelan–AA Drink Team |
| 2015 | Belgium | Wout Van Aert | Vastgoedservice–Golden Palace |
| 2016 | Belgium | Wout Van Aert | Crelan–Vastgoedservice |
| 2017 | Netherlands | Lars van der Haar | Telenet–Fidea Lions |
| 2018 | Netherlands | Mathieu van der Poel | Corendon–Circus |
| 2019 | Belgium | Toon Aerts | Telenet–Fidea Lions |

### Women

| Year | Country | Rider | Team |
| 2013 | Great Britain | Nikki Harris | |
| 2014 | Netherlands | Sophie de Boer | |
| 2015 | Czech Republic | Pavla Havlíková | |
| 2016 | Netherlands | Thalita de Jong | |
| 2017 | United States | Katie Compton | |
| 2018 | Netherlands | Marianne Vos | WaowDeals Pro Cycling |
| 2019 | Netherlands | Ceylin del Carmen Alvarado | Corendon–Circus |
# SS Humber

SS Humber was a passenger and freight vessel built for the Goole Steam Shipping Company in 1903.

## History

She was built in 1903 by A MacMillan in Dumbarton as one of a trio of ships which included SS Nidd and SS Colne. She was launched on 26 August 1903. In 1905 she came under the ownership of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway.
On 9 June 1910 she was in collision with the German steamer Modena, owned by Robert M Sloman Jr. The Modena sank within 9 minutes, and the crew of the Humber managed to save all but two of the thirty crew members. For their actions, the German Emperor presented Captain Prentice with a gold watch, Chief Officer Sherwood with a pair of binoculars, and Seaman Bennett with £5.
She sank in the mouth of the River Elbe on 12 February 1912 during a voyage from Goole to Hamburg after a collision in fog with the German vessel Answald. The Answald had hit the Humber amidships, making a hole 20 feet (6.1 m) long. The crew of the Humber were rescued by the Answald which had only suffered damage to her bows.
# Raymond Passat

Louis Raymond Passat (28 December 1913 – 16 June 1988) was a French professional road bicycle racer. Passat won one stage in the 1937 Tour de France, and one stage in the 1939 Tour de France. He was born in Gannat.

## Major results
### 1937

    Tour de France:
       Winner stage 19A

### 1939

    Circuit de Sologne
    Tour de France:
       Winner stage 7
# Turnera chamaedrifolia

Turnera chamaedrifolia is a species of Turnera in Bahia and Minas Gerais, Brazil.
# Turn Me Loose

Turn Me Loose may refer to:

## Albums

* Turn Me Loose (Ledisi album)
* Turn Me Loose (EP), by Vince Gill, or its title track
* Turn Me Loose, album by Steve Jordan (accordionist), 1986

## Songs

* "Turn Me Loose" (Loverboy song), also covered by Young Divas
* "Turn Me Loose" (Fabian song)
* "Turn Me Loose", a song by Rock Goddess from the album Young and Free
# Tuggle, Virginia

Tuggle is an unincorporated community in Prince Edward County, Virginia, United States.
# Tuggeranong Vikings

The Tuggeranong Vikings are a rugby union club based in Tuggeranong, Australian Capital Territory. It is supported by 4 licensed clubs based in Wanniassa, Greenway, Conder, Chisholm. The club has been successful in local and national competitions.
The Tuggeranong Vikings were the premiers of the ACTRU Premier Division competition in the 2009 season, defeating the Queanbeyan Whites.

## Notable players

* Justin Harrison - 34 test caps for Australia
* Christian Lealiifano - 101 caps for the ACT Brumbies. 16 test caps for Australia
* Joe Roff - 82 caps for the ACT Brumbies. 86 test caps for Australia
* Julian Salvi - 63 caps for the ACT Brumbies & reserve for the Australia from 2005 to 2007.
* Tyrel Lomax - 13 caps for the Melbourne Rebels, 15 caps for the Highlanders and 1 test cap for the All Blacks
* Martin Tombs - 50 caps for Solihull RFC at flyhalf and ex England Schoolboy
Note - Players highlighted in bold have not yet retired.
# Tuggle

Tuggle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anthony Tuggle (born 1963), American football player
* Brett Tuggle (1951–2022), American singer-songwriter
* Carrie A. Tuggle (1858–1924), African-American educator, philanthropist and social activist
* De'Montre Tuggle (born 1999), American football player
* Jessie Tuggle (born 1965), American football player
* John Tuggle (1961-1986), American football player
* Justin Tuggle (born 1990), American-Canadian football player
* Kenneth H. Tuggle (1904–1978), American politician
* Mark Tuggle, American politician
* Richard Tuggle (born 1948), American film director and screenwriter
* Robert Tuggle (1932–2016), American music writer
# Twin Lakes Dam

Twin Lakes Dam (National ID # CO02045) is a dam in Lake County, Colorado, about 13 miles (21 km) south of Leadville.
The earthen dam was constructed in 1978 by the United States Bureau of Reclamation with a height of 53 feet (16 m) and a length at its crest of 3,150 feet (960 m). The dam is owned and operated by the Bureau as one element of its larger "transbasin" Fryingpan-Arkansas Project, which transfers available water from Colorado's West Slope across the Continental Divide to the more arid, and more populated, East Slope.
The reservoir it creates, Twin Lakes, is an enlargement of a natural glacial lake. It has a surface area of 2,700 acres (1,100 ha) and a maximum capacity of 141,000 acre-feet (174,000,000 m$^3$). Recreation includes boating, fishing for trout, and camping at five Forest Service campgrounds in the area (Dexter, Lakeview, Parry Peak, Twin Peaks and White Star).
# Txiki

Txiki (Basque, 'small' or 'youngster') is used as a nickname. Notable people with the nickname include:

## People

* Txiki (footballer, born 1977), Daniel Rodríguez Pérez, a Spanish footballer
* Txiki (footballer, born 1979), Cristian Urbistondo López, a Spanish footballer
* Txiki Begiristain (born 1964), a Spanish footballer
* Indalecio Sarasqueta (1860–1900), known as Txikito de Eibar or Aizpiri txiki, a Basque pelota player
* Lazkao Txiki (1926–1993), a Basque bertsolari poet and musician
* José María Benegas (1948–2015), a Spanish politician
* José Larrañaga Arenas (1926–1984), a Spanish politician

## Mythology

* San Martin Txiki, trickster in Basque mythology
# Twin House

Twin House is an album by American guitarist Larry Coryell and Belgian guitarist Philip Catherine, released by Elektra Records in 1977. The duo recorded a second album, Splendid, in 1978.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
AllMusic awarded the album four stars and its review by Robert Taylor states: "The first of two fine guitar duet recordings with Phillip Catherine. Of the two, Catherine's sound is more rooted in the tradition of Django Reinhardt and tends to be more introspective. Coryell is his usual incorrigible self; however, Catherine's presence seemed to inspire more experimentation and intelligent playing on Coryell's part".

## Track listing

* "Ms. Julie" (Larry Coryell) – 5:27
* "Homecomings" (Philip Catherine) – 5:57
* "Airpower" (Catherine) – 4:02
* "Twin House" (Catherine) – 4:54
* "Mortgage on My Soul" (Keith Jarrett) – 3:01
* "Gloryell" (Jimmy Webb) – 7:16
* "Nuages" (Django Reinhardt) – 5:18
* "Twice a Week" (Catherine) – 4:42

## Personnel

* Larry Coryell – guitar
* Philip Catherine – guitar
# Turbine (disambiguation)

A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow.
Turbine may also refer to:

## In software

* Turbine, Inc., a software company
* Apache Turbine, a rapid development web application framework

## Ships

* Turbine-class destroyer, a class of Italian warships mainly used during World War II
* Italian destroyer Turbine, a World War I destroyer of the Nembo class

## Other uses

* TURBINE (US government project)
* Turbine, Ontario
* 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam, a women's football team in Potsdam, Germany
* Mohamed Tabarsi, a character nicknamed Turbine in the Japanese Shaman King manga series
* Turbine interchange, a road interchange between two freeways
* Sunday Tribune, a defunct Irish newspaper, informally called the Turbine
* Turbine (album), a 1994 album by The Walk
* Turbines (album), a 2013 album by Tunng
* A former roller coaster at Walibi Belgium
# Verkhnyaya Inta

Verkhnyaya Inta (Russian: Верхняя Инта; Komi: Вылыс Инта, Vylys Inta) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Inta in the Komi Republic, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,106.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Verkhnyaya Inta, together with one rural locality (the settlement of Kochmes), is incorporated as Verkhnyaya Inta Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory, which is subordinated to the town of republic significance of Inta. Within the framework of municipal divisions, Verkhnyaya Inta is a part of Inta Urban Okrug.
# François Lamiraud

François Lamiraud (born 5 April 1983) is a French road cyclist.
He is known for beating the hour record of France held by Roger Rivière since 1958 on 11 April 2015.
# Daegok station (Daegu Metro)

Daegok Station (Korean: 대곡역) is an underground of the Daegu Metro Line 1 of Daegu city railroad in Daegok-dong, Dalseo District, Daegu, South Korea. It is located on the boundary between Dalseo District Daegok-dong and Dalseong-gun Hwawon-eup Gura-ri. There are an exit and entrance for a Hwawon-eup Bolli-ri Bolli-jigu Bolli Greenvill. A southern extension into Dalseong-gun (county) was opened on September 8, 2016.

## Station layout

| G | Street Level | |
| L1 | Concourse | Faregates, Ticketing Machines, Station Control |
| L2 Platforms | Side platform, doors will open on the right | Side platform, doors will open on the right |
| L2 Platforms | Southbound | ← Line 1 toward Seolhwa–Myeonggok (Hwawon) |
| L2 Platforms | Northbound | → Line 1 toward Ansim (Jincheon) → |
| Side platform, doors will open on the right ||
# François-Cyrille Grange

François-Cyrille Grange (born 1983) is a French alpine skier who competed in the early 2000s.

## Biography

He was known for colighting the Olympic Flame with Michel Platini at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville.
Grange's only alpine skiing event was in France in 2000 where he finished 21st in the giant slalom and 40th in the slalom events.
His younger brother is World Champion Jean-Baptiste Grange.
# Scientific Anglers

Scientific Anglers is a fly fishing company specializing in a variety of fly fishing tackle products. Scientific Anglers is noted for the invention of PVC coated floating fly line and continued innovations in fly line cores and coatings. Scientific Anglers's products currently include a variety of lines, fly boxes, reels, and fly fishing educational materials.

## History

Scientific Anglers was founded in 1945 in Midland, Michigan. Scientific Anglers' notable developments include the introduction of PVC coated designs of contemporary floating fly lines in 1952 and the development of sinking fly lines in 1960. Their introduction of PVC coated fly lines was largely responsible for the decline of the old line sizing system that used letters—HCH—to designate the taper and weight of silk fly lines. Because PVC coated lines were significantly different from silk lines, a new system evolved that identified lines with their grain weight in the first 30 feet of line (i.e. 5 wgt) and a two letter designation—DT (Double Taper), (ST-Single Taper) or (WF-Weight Forward) to identify the line taper.
Scientific Anglers is subsidiary of Orvis, and currently has a design lab in Midland, Michigan.
# René Abadie

René Jean-Louis Célestin Abadie (13 August 1935 – 11 July 1996) was a French cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He participated at 1962 Tour de France in the Mercier Team.