OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# International rankings of Mongolia

The following are international rankings of Mongolia.

## General

* United Nations: Human Development Index 2006, ranked 116 out of 177 countries
* Kearney and Foreign Policy Magazine: Globalization Index 2006, not ranked out of 62 countries

## Economic

* The Wall Street Journal and The Heritage Foundation: Index of Economic Freedom 2006, ranked 60 out of 157 countries
* International Monetary Fund: GDP (nominal) per capita 2006, ranked 125 out of 182 countries
* International Monetary Fund: GDP (nominal) 2006, ranked 146 out of 181 countries
* World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Index 2006-2007, ranked 92 out of 125 countries

## Political

* Transparency International: Corruption Perceptions Index 2006, ranked 99 out of 163 countries
* Reporters Without Borders: Worldwide press freedom index 2006, ranked 86 out of 168 countries

## Environmental

* Yale University: Environmental Sustainability Index 2005, ranked 71 out of 146 countries

## Technological

* Economist Intelligence Unit: E-readiness 2007, not ranked out of 69 countries
* World Intellectual Property Organization: Global Innovation Index 2024, ranked 67 out of 133 countries

## Social

* Economist Intelligence Unit: Quality-of-life index 2005, not ranked

## Cities

* Ulaanbaatar: not ranked as a Global city

## International rankings

| Organization | Survey | Ranking |
| Institute for Economics and Peace | Global Peace Index | 89 out of 144 |
| United Nations Development Programme | Human Development Index | 115 out of 182 |
| Transparency International | Corruption Perceptions Index | 120 out of 180 |
| World Economic Forum | Global Competitiveness Report | 117 out of 133 |
# Chersky Airport

Chersky Airport (also Cherskiy) (IATA: CYX, ICAO: UESS) is a small airport in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) south of the settlement of Chersky. It services small transport aircraft.

## History

In November 1934, according to the action plan for the development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR), a group of flight and technical personnel with five R-5 and two U-2 aircraft were delivered to Providence Bay, and in March 1935 the aircraft were transported to Cape Schmidt, where the preparation of their base for flights between the settlements of Anadyr, Provideniya, Vankarem, Cape Schmidt. The first airport staff arrived in August 1940, led by the head of the airport, I. N. Kholutova. The first unpaved airfield was built on Vankin Island, 25 km from Nizhniye Kresty, but later a flat place was found on the spit of the Panteleikha River, where the airfield is now located.
Since 1968, the Nizhnekolyma Aviation Enterprise based at the airport - later the Kolyma-Indigirsky Aviation Enterprise (KIAP), the Kolyma-Indigirsky United Aviation Detachment (KIOAO) - provided the activities of drifting stations (starting from the North Pole-16 station), and in 1979, aviators participated in supporting the scientific and sports expedition of 'Komsomolskaya Pravda' under the leadership of Dmitry Shparo. From 1983 to 1997, KIAP and KIOAO were handled by Georgy Aleksandrovich Yachmenev.
For their great contribution to aviation support for the navigation of sea vessels, scientific drifting stations "North Pole", servicing the northern regions and in connection with the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Northern Sea Route, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR on December 16, 1982, KIOAO of the Yakut Civil Aviation Administration of the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honour.
In 1996, KIOAO (which already included 6 airports: Tiksi, Chokurdakh, Srednekolymsk, Zyryanka, Belaya Gora, Chersky) was renamed to the Arctic Aviation Enterprise, then (in 1998) - the Chersky branch of the state unitary enterprise "Polar Airlines", and in 2001 the state unitary enterprise “Chersky Airport” was formed.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Polar Airlines | Yakutsk |
# Çöltepe, Bismil

Çöltepe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 319 (2022).
# 1896 Vanderbilt Commodores football team

The 1896 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1896 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The team's head coach was R. G. Acton, who was in his first year at Vanderbilt and went on to coach two more. This was the first meeting of Vanderbilt and Kentucky.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 10 | | Kentucky State College | Dudley FieldNashville, TN (rivalry) | W 6–0 | 600 |
| October 17 | | at Centre* | Danville, KY | L 0–46 | |
| October 24 | | Central (KY) | Dudley FieldNashville, TN | T 0–0 | |
| November 7 | 2:30 p.m. | at Missouri* | Fair GroundsSt. Louis, MO | L 6–26 | |
| November 11 | | at Southwestern Presbyterian | Baseball ParkClarksville, TN | W 36–0 | |
| November 14 | | Nashville | Dudley FieldNashville, TN | T 0–0 | |
| November 26 | | at Sewanee | Hardee FieldSewanee, TN (rivalry) | W 10–4 | 2,500 |
| *Non-conference game |||||||
# Gaastmeer

Gaastmeer (West Frisian: De Gaastmar) is a village in Súdwest-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of 295 in January 2017.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1245 as Gersmere, and used to mean "grassland near water", however erroneously evolved into gaast meaning higher land. Gaastmeer was an isolated village between the Fluessen [nl] and the Groote Gaastmeer [nl]. It was well connected via water, but had no road connections. It used to be a fishing village, and used to specialise in European eel. During the 18th and 19th century, the fishermen of Gaastmeer and neighbouring Heeg used to have their own wharf in London.
Gaastmeer was home to 95 people in 1840. The Protestant Church dates from the 19th century and was rebuilt in 1953. The wooden tower was constructed in 1940. From 1962 onwards, many recreational homes were built in Gaastmeer.
Before 2011, the village was part of the Wymbritseradiel municipality.

## Gallery

* Monumentaal house
* Ditch in the polder landscape near the village
# HMS Calpe (L71)

HMS Calpe (pennant number L71) was a British Royal Navy Type II Hunt-class destroyer escort. Built as a result of the outbreak of World War II, Calpe escorted convoys during the war and participated in the Dieppe Raid. Calpe is an old name for Gibraltar. Collaborating with USS Wainwright on 13 December 1943, she assisted in the sinking of German U-boat U-593. Calpe was loaned and then sold to the Danish Navy, remaining active until she was scrapped in Sweden in 1966.

## History

Calpe was ordered in December 1939 from Swan Hunter Wallsend as part of the 1939 emergency program. She was not the first ship of this name as HMS Calpe had been a ship in the Royal Navy from 1800 to 1802. The keel was laid the following year and it was launched and completed in 1941. Following her acceptance on 11 December 1941, the ship set sail for Scapa Flow. The ship was adopted in February 1942 by Abingdon-on-Thames in Berkshire as part of a National Savings campaign called Warship Week.
In 1942 she sailed under the Spanish Ensign as she approached St Jean de Luz. To keep up the pretense, all the crew remained below deck. It was not until before the bombardment took place on 4–5 April that the British Ensign replaced the Spanish jack. On 28 July, Calpe and HMS Cottesmore shelled and sunk the Vorpostenboot V 202 Hermann Bösch in the English Channel off La Hague, Manche, France.
On 18 and 19 August 1942 Calpe was involved in the Dieppe Raid. Her primary function was to act as the command ship for the raid and was used by Major-General Roberts (OC, 2nd Canadian Infantry Division) and Captain John Hugues-Hallet RN (Naval Commander for the raid). She acted as a hospital ship and sustained casualties, losing nearly a quarter of the crew. Despite this, Calpe managed to take on and care for 278 casualties.
In October 1942, Calpe was included in the ships that would take part in action in North Africa. She was sent to guard a convoy to her namesake Gibraltar. In November she became part of Operation Torch as she was included in the Central Task Force for allied landings.
Calpe identified the submarine U-593 in the Mediterranean, and together with USS Wainwright, managed to sink the U-boat on 13 December 1943. The U-boat had already sunk two sister Hunt-class destroyers, Tynedale and Holcombe that month. The captain of Wainwright, Commander Strohbehn, noted in his account that "it was a pleasure" to work with the British Warship.

## Postwar

Calpe was active in the Indian Ocean until 1946. She was sent back to Britain in the November and was put in "reserve". She was laid up in Sheerness and moved to Portsmouth in 1947. During 1952 she was placed on loan with the Royal Danish Navy for nine years becoming HDMS Rolf Krake. Then Denmark bought her outright. Rolf Krake remained active until October 1966 when she was scrapped at Ystad in Sweden.

## Legacy

The Government of Gibraltar issued both a 5p and a 22p stamp to celebrate Calpe. The name Calpe was reused in 1965 when the Royal Navy Reserve formed its only HQ reserve unit in Gibraltar.
# Intergenerational shared site

An Intergenerational shared site is a program in which children, youth and older adults participate in ongoing services and/or programming concurrently at the same site, and where participants interact during regularly scheduled planned intergenerational activities, as well as through informal encounters.
Benefits of shared sites include that they enhance quality of life for all participants, improve attitudes about different age groups, provide needed services to the community, increase cost savings and create opportunities to share resources, and attract additional funding sources and acts as positive public relations/marketing tools. Intergenerational shared sites serve and provide care to children, youth and older adults and also act as a mechanism to address of the social implications of an increasingly age-segregated society.
# SS Abigail Gibbons

SS Abigail Gibbons was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Abigail Gibbons, an abolitionist and co-founder of the Women's Prison Association.

## Construction

Abigail Gibbons was laid down on 1 September 1944, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MC hull 2379, by J.A. Jones Construction, Brunswick, Georgia; she was sponsored by Mrs. W. Franklin Brown, daughter of Edwin L. Jones, and launched on 12 October 1944.

## History

She was allocated to American Foreign Steamship Corporation, on 25 October 1944. On 30 September 1949, she was laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, in Mobile, Alabama. On 7 September 1971, she was sold for $35,424.54 to Union Minerals & Alloys Co., to be scrapped. She was removed from the fleet on 20 September 1971.
# Tiaro railway station

Tiaro railway station is a closed railway station on the North Coast railway line in Queensland, Australia.

## History

The station was built in 1877, two years before the line from Gympie to Maryborough was completed. It consisted of a station building and a platform, and two sidings running parallel to the main North Coast line. After the station closed, the building was moved to Mayne Street and restored as a tourist information centre. Some of the siding platforms still exist, however the station platform has been removed.
# Reina (surname)

Reina is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Antonio Manuel Reina (born 1981), Spanish middle-distance runner
* Armando Betancourt Reina, Cuban journalist and author
* Baldassare Reina (born 1970), Catholic prelate, official of the Diocese of Rome
* Carlos Roberto Reina (1926–2003), former President of Honduras
* Calcedonio Reina (1842–1911), Italian painter and poet
* Casiodoro de Reina (1520–1594), Spanish Lutheran theologian
* Daniela Reina (born 1981), Italian sprinter
* Dennis Reina (born 1950), American psychologist and author
* Domenico Reina (1796–1843), Swiss bel canto tenor
* Gaetano Reina (1889–1930), Boss of the Lucchese crime family
* Giuseppe Reina (born 1972), German footballer
* Harold Reina (born 1990), Colombian footballer
* Javier Reina (born 1989), Colombian footballer
* Juanita Reina (1925–1999), Spanish actress and singer
* Loris Reina (born 1980), French footballer
* María del Carmen Reina Jiménez (born 1942), Spanish essayist, writer, activist and politician
* Miguel Reina (born 1946), Spanish footballer, and father of Pepe Reina
* Miguel A. Reina (born 1980), Mexican filmmaker
* Pepe Reina (born 1982), Spanish footballer
* Ricky Reina (born 1971), English footballer
* Roger Reina, American wrestling coach
* Sergio Reina (born 1985), Colombian footballer
* Sisto Reina (died 1664), Italian composer
# Colin Hughes (disambiguation)

Colin Hughes (1930–2017) was a British-Australian academic specialising in electoral politics and government.
Colin Hughes may also refer to:
* Colin Hughes (microbiologist) (born 1953)
* Colin Hughes, a penname of English author John Creasey (1908–1973)
* Colin Hughes, a fictional footballer in the Apple TV series Ted Lasso
# Berriew F.C.

Berriew Football Club is a Welsh football team based in Berriew. They play in the Central Wales Northern Division.

## History

The club had been due to play in the Ardal NE for the 2022–23 season but withdrew in July 2022 after struggling to recruit the calibre of players required and stated that they would look to fill a vacancy in the Central Wales Northern Division left by the withdrawal of Churchstoke.
They played in the Ardal Leagues North East, which is in the third level of the Welsh football league system, but withdrew in July 2022 ahead of the 2022–23 season, and instead joined the tier four Central Wales North.

## Honours

* Mid Wales League – Champions: 1964–65
* Mid Wales League – Runners-up: 2008–09, 2010–11
* Mid Wales League Division Two: – Champions: 2015–16
* Montgomeryshire League – Champions: 1960–61, 1987–88, 1990–91
* Montgomeryshire League – Runners-up: 1949–50, 1982–83, 2002–03
* Montgomeryshire League Division Two – Champions: 1981–82, 2000–01
* Montgomeryshire League Division Two – Runners-up: 2001–02
* Central Wales Challenge Cup – Winners: 2018–19
* Montgomeryshire Cup – Runners-up: 2018–19
# Tamaree railway station

Tamaree railway station is a closed railway station on Queensland's North Coast railway line. Nothing remains of the closed station buildings, though a small part of the concrete platform remains in place.
On 18 October 1947, eight people were killed and twenty-two injured in a mail train collision at Tamaree.
# Chaoborus edulis

Chaoborus edulis is a species of phantom midges (flies in the family Chaoboridae). Colloquially, the larval stage is termed a glassworm.
It is one of the species of insect processed into kunga cakes.
# William J. Lennox Jr.

Lieutenant General William James Lennox Jr. (born May 23, 1949) of Houston, Texas, was the 56th Superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York from 2001 to 2006.
Lennox graduated with a B.S. in international affairs from the United States Military Academy in 1971, upon which he joined the U.S. Army as a field artillery officer with the rank of lieutenant.
Lennox served in a wide variety of field assignments, including as a Forward Observer, Executive Officer, and Fire Support Officer in the 1st Battalion, 29th Field Artillery, and as Commander, Battery B, 2d Battalion, 20th Field Artillery, 4th Infantry Division. He was the Operations Officer and Executive Officer for the 2d Battalion, 41st Field Artillery, 3d Infantry Division. He commanded the 5th Battalion, 29th Field Artillery in the 4th Infantry Division and the Division Artillery in the 24th Infantry Division. Lennox also served in a number of staff positions including White House Fellow, Special Assistant to the Secretary of the Army, and Executive Officer for the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans. He served as Deputy Commanding General and Assistant Commandant of the U.S. Army Field Artillery Center; Chief of Staff for III Corps and Fort Hood; Assistant Chief of Staff, CJ-3, Combined Forces Command/United States Forces South Korea and Deputy Commanding General, U.S. Eighth Army; and Chief of Legislative Liaisons.
On June 9, 2006, Lennox relinquished command of West Point to his former West Point classmate, Franklin Hagenbeck.
Effective August 1, 2006, Lennox joined the Goodrich Corporation as a senior vice president.
On May 7, 2013, Princeton Power Systems appointed Lennox to its board of directors.
On January 13, 2014, Universal Technical Institute appointed Lennox to its board of directors.
On February 6, 2015, Saint Leo University announced Lennox as its 9th president, replacing Dr. Arthur F. Kirk Jr.
Lennox received a Ph.D. in English from Princeton University in 1982 after completing a doctoral dissertation titled "American war poetry."
His military education includes the Field Artillery Officer Basic Course, the Infantry Officer Advanced Course, as the distinguished graduate from the United States Army Command and General Staff College, and the Senior Service College Fellowship at Harvard University.
Lennox's awards include the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, the Legion of Merit with four oak leaf clusters, the Meritorious Service Medal with one oak leaf cluster, the Army Commendation Medal with two oak leaf clusters, the Army Achievement Medal, the Korean Order of Military Merit (Inheon Medal), the Ranger Tab, the Parachutist Badge, and the Army Staff Identification.
* Defense Distinguished Service Medal
* Army Distinguished Service Medal
* Legion of Merit with four oak leaf clusters
* Meritorious Service Medal with one oak leaf cluster
* Army Commendation Medal two oak leaf clusters
* Army Achievement Medal
* Inheon Cordon Medal
Dr. Lennox now serves as Ambassador to Heroes' Mile veterans addiction services in Deland Florida.
# Baron Strathclyde

Baron Strathclyde is a title that has been created twice in British history, both times in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was first created on 15 January 1914 when the politician and judge Alexander Ure was made Baron Strathclyde, of Sandyford in Lanarkshire. This creation became extinct on his death in 1928.
It was created for a second time on 4 May 1955 when the Scottish Unionist Party politician Thomas Dunlop Galbraith was made Baron Strathclyde, of Barskimming in Ayrshire. Since 1985, the title has been held by his grandson, the second Baron. He is the son of the politician the Hon. Sir Tam Galbraith KBE, eldest son of the first Baron. Lord Strathclyde is one of the ninety elected hereditary peers that remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999.

## Baron Strathclyde, first creation (1914)

* Alexander Ure, 1st Baron Strathclyde (1853–1928)

## Baron Strathclyde, second creation (1955)

* Thomas Dunlop Galbraith, 1st Baron Strathclyde (1891–1985)
** Thomas Galloway Dunlop "Tam" Galbraith (1917–1982)
* Thomas Galloway Dunlop du Roy de Blicquy Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde (born 1960)
The second baron has three daughters. The heir presumptive is the present holder's brother, the Hon. Charles William du Roy de Blicquy Galbraith (born 1962), also grandson of the first baron. The heir presumptive's heir apparent is his son, Humphrey Eldred Galloway Galbraith (born 1994).

## Line of succession

* Thomas Dunlop Galbraith, 1st Baron Strathclyde (1891–1985)
** Hon. Sir Thomas Galloway Dunlop Galbraith (1917–1982)
*** Thomas Galloway Dunlop du Roy de Blicquy Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde, CH (b. 1960) Elected to remain in 1999.
*** (1) Hon. Charles William du Roy de Blicquy Galbraith (b. 1962)
**** (2) Humphrey Eldred Galloway Galbraith (b. 1994)
**** (3) Alexander Charles Geoffrey Galbraith (b. 1997)
**** (4) Tobias Petrus Galbraith (b. 2002)
** Hon. James Muir Galloway Galbraith (1920–2003)
*** (5) Brodie Thomas Paget Galbraith (b. 1948)
**** (6) Alexander Galbraith (b. 1988)
*** (7) James Muir Paget Galbraith (b. 1955)
*** (8) John Kenneth Paget Galbraith (b. 1956)
**** (9) Donald Galbraith (b. 1983)
**** (10) Jock Galbraith (b. 1993)
** Hon. Norman Dunlop Galloway Galbraith (1925–2013)
*** (11) Norman Thomas Galloway Galbraith (b. 1955)
**** (12) Jake Geoffrey Kent Galbraith (b. 1989)
**** (13) James Jan Kent Galbraith (b. 1991)
**** (14) Thomas Norman Kent Galbraith (b. 1996)
** Hon. David Muir Galloway Galbraith (1928–2006)
*** (15) William James Kennedy Galbraith (b. 1970)
**** (16) Archie Edward David Galbraith (b. 2002)
# Wilfredo Alvarado

Wilfredo José Alvarado Lima (born 4 October 1970, in Acarigua) is a Venezuelan football defender. He made a total number of 36 appearances for the Venezuela national team between 1997 and 2008. He started his professional career at Deportivo Táchira.
# Raccordo autostradale RA8

Raccordo autostradale 8 (RA 8; "Motorway connection 8") or Raccordo autostradale Ferrara-Porto Garibaldi ("Ferrara-Porto Garibaldi motorway connection") is an autostrada (Italian for "motorway") 49.0 kilometres (30.4 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Emilia-Romagna and managed by ANAS, which connects the Autostrada A13 in Ferrara to the Adriatic Sea in the comune of Comacchio, near Porto Garibaldi.

## Route

RACCORDO AUTOSTRADALE 8 Raccordo autostradale Ferrara-Porto Garibaldi :
| Exit | ↓km↓ | ↑km↑ | Province | European Route |
| Diramazione per Ferrara Bologna Padova | −6.3 km (−3.9 mi) | 55.3 km (34.4 mi) | FE | -- |
| Ferrara Adriatica | 0.0 km (0 mi) | 49.0 km (30.4 mi) | FE | -- |
| Cona | 5.7 km (3.5 mi) | 42.6 km (26.5 mi) | FE | -- |
| Gualdo | 8.2 km (5.1 mi) | 40.1 km (24.9 mi) | FE | -- |
| Masi San Giacomo - Masi Torello | 13.3 km (8.3 mi) | 34.5 km (21.4 mi) | FE | -- |
| Rovereto | 19.8 km (12.3 mi) | 28.6 km (17.8 mi) | FE | -- |
| Portomaggiore - Migliarino | 23.3 km (14.5 mi) | 25.1 km (15.6 mi) | FE | -- |
| Ostellato | 24.7 km (15.3 mi) | 23.7 km (14.7 mi) | FE | -- |
| Corte Centrale | 32.1 km (19.9 mi) | 16.3 km (10.1 mi) | FE | -- |
| Comacchio | 43.4 km (27.0 mi) | 5.5 km (3.4 mi) | FE | -- |
| Romea Venezia Ravenna | 49.0 km (30.4 mi) | 0.0 km (0 mi) | FE | -- |
# Doug Peden

James Douglas Peden (April 18, 1916 – April 11, 2005) was a Canadian basketball player who competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Peden was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame in 1979 and is considered to have placed second to Lionel Conacher, being named Canada's athlete-of-the-half century in 1950.
Born in Victoria, British Columbia, he was part of the Canadian basketball team, which won the silver medal. He played five matches including the final.
Inducted into the BC Sports Hall of Fame in 1967 as an All-round Athlete, Peden excelled in track, swimming, tennis, rugby, baseball, basketball, and cycling.
In the 1930s Doug and his older brother Torchy (William) competed in six-day bike races. They teamed to win the Six Days of Buffalo in 1937. Torchy was inducted into the BC Sports Hall of Fame for cycling in 1966.
When Peden was 13 he won the provincial under-15 doubles tennis championship, and at 18 the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles for Vancouver Island.
In 1936 he played rugby against the New Zealand All Blacks, distinguishing himself as the first Canadian to score against them, carrying "only two Maoris" on his back as he scored the try. Later the same year he played on Canada's Olympic Silver medal winning team.
# Douglas Lewis (boxer)

Douglas Lewis (August 6, 1898 – February 19, 1981) was a welterweight professional boxer from Canada, who competed in the 1920s. Lewis trained out of Toronto's Praestamus Athletic Club, where Larry Gains also trained. He won the bronze medal in Boxing at the 1924 Summer Olympics in the welterweight division, losing against Jean Delarge in the semi-finals. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. After his boxing career, he moved to Los Angeles, California where he was a boxing trainer. In 1951, he obtained a patent for a new kind of boxing hand bandage.