OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Arthur Wilkinson

William Arthur Wilkinson (1795 – 13 April 1865) was a British Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1852 to 1857.
He unsuccessfully contested Sunderland at the 1847 general election and at a by-election in December that year. He was elected at the 1852 general election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Lambeth, but was heavily defeated at the 1857 general election by William Roupell.
He then contested Reigate at the 1859 general election, before standing again in Lambeth at a by-election in May 1862 following the resignation of Roupell, who defeated him in 1857 and had fled to Spain amidst allegations of forgery. However, he came a poor third, with less than 10% of the votes.
He stood for a final time at a by-election in Reigate in February 1863, but was again unsuccessful.
# Arthur Durandu

Arthur Durandu (25 December 1860 – 4 February 1903) was an English cricketer who played for Lancashire. He was born and died in Liverpool.
Durandu made his only County Match appearance against Kent in June 1887 - scoring all five of his career runs in the first innings in which he played. He played one further first-class match later in the same month, against Liverpool and District, scoring two ducks, but taking two catches in the outfield.
He played rugby union for Liverpool and in 1886 represented the North in the annual North v South fixture which was seen as a trial for the England team. He played as a wing three-quarter.
# Cruise Control

Cruise Control may refer to:
* Cruise control, a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle
** Adaptive cruise control
* CruiseControl, software build framework
* Cruise Control (play), a 2014 play by David Williamson
* "Cruise Control" (Headless Chickens song)
* "Cruise Control", a song by the Dixie Dregs from the 1977 album Free Fall
* "Cruise Control", a song by Joey Badass from the 2022 album 2000
* "Cruise Control", a song by Kylie Minogue from the 2003 album Body Language
* "Cruise Control", a song by Mariah Carey from the 2008 album E=MC²
* "Cruise Control", a song by Onefour
* "Cruise Control", a song by Tower of Power from the 1993 album T.O.P.
* Speed 2: Cruise Control, a 1997 film
** Speed 2: Cruise Control (soundtrack)
# Siegmundsburg

Siegmundsburg is a former municipality in the Sonneberg district of Thuringia, Germany. Since 31 December 2012, it is part of the town Neuhaus am Rennweg.
# Contrast (literary)

In literature, an author uses contrast when they describe the difference(s) between two or more entities. According to the Oxford Dictionary, contrast is comparing two things in order to show the differences between them. It is common in many works of Literature. For example, in The Pearl by John Steinbeck, a clear contrast is drawn between the Lower Class and the Upper Class residents of the society presented in the text. The Lower Class citizens live in brush houses, their economic activity is fishing and are sociable. These ones are represented by Kino, the main character and the fishermen. On the other hand, the Upper Class citizens live in plastered buildings, they engage in reputable economic activities such as medicine and are more focused to their economic activities as opposed to social interactions.
In addition, in the first four lines of William Shakespeare's Sonnet 130, Shakespeare contrasts a mistress to the sun, coral, snow, and wire.
Contrast is the antonym of simile. In poetic compositions, it is common for poets to set out an elaborate contrast or elaborate simile as the argument. For example, John Donne and the metaphysical poets developed the conceit as a literary device, where an elaborate, implausible, and surprising analogy was demonstrated. In Renaissance poetry, and particularly in sonnets, the contrast was similarly used as a poetic argument. In such verse, the entire poem argues that two seemingly alike or identical items are, in fact, quite separate and paradoxically different. These may take the form of my love is unlike all other women or I am unlike her other loves.
In the early 18th century, a theory of wit developed by English writers (particularly John Locke) held that judgement sees the differences in like things, or imagination or fancy sees the likeness in different things, and wit operates properly by employing judgement and fancy to form sound propositions. In lyric poetry, the author is often attempting to show how what seems to be solely an exercise of judgement or fancy is, in fact, wit.
# Yabassi

Yabassi is a town and commune in western Cameroon, and capital of the Nkam department. Its population in 2001 was estimated at 12,000. The main dialect spoken is the Yabassi. However, there are also other dialects originating in the Nkam which are spoken.

## History

At the time of the German protectorate in Cameroon, Yabassi was a commercial hub and strategic town. The Battle of Jabassi took place near here during the Kamerun campaign of World War I. The city was once cut in two but not anymore thanks to the bridge that connects the Nkam administrative center in the old neighborhood called Ndokbele.

## Economy

The communal economy relies mainly on rural agriculture. The sector employs over 90% of the population. The main agricultural products are food crops (cocoyam, cassava, potato, yam, plantain, etc.). In recent years, there has also been a proliferation of oil palm cultivation. This is made possible thanks to the fertile land in the area. Small business, particularly in the main town is the second most important trade. Due to its dense forest, Yabassi is being exploited by loggers, mostly Asian companies.
The city is handicapped by the lack of paved roads, making it difficult to travel the 100 km separating the city from the economic capital of Cameroon, Douala.
# William Crowther

William Crowther may refer to:
* William Crowther (Australian politician) (1817–1885)
* William Crowther (New Zealand politician) (1834–1900)
* William Crowther (programmer) (born 1936)
# Westminster Abbey (disambiguation)

Westminster Abbey is a large Anglican church in Westminster, London, where the British monarchs are crowned.
Westminster Abbey may also refer to:
* Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency), a former London constituency of the UK parliament
* Westminster Abbey (London County Council constituency), a former London constituency of the London County Council
* Westminster Abbey (British Columbia), a monastic community
* Westminster Abbey Choir School, London
* Westminster Abbey Museum, London
# Cam Boy

Cam Boy is a Canadian television drama series, which premiered in 2021 on OutTV. Created by Thom Fitzgerald, the series stars Callum Dunphy as Aston, a young gay man in Nova Scotia who turns to performing for internet cam sex sites to make money during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada.
The cast also includes Samuel Davison, David Light, Julien Galipeau, Craig Chester, Scott Bleu, Tony Nappo, Zack Currie, Tyler Riordon, Joey Beni, Sharleen Kalayil, Jordan Poole, Loretta Yu, Joshua Mood, Eugene Sampang, Teo Ferguson and Brenda Fricker.
The series was greenlit by OutTV in 2020, and premiered on April 30, 2021. In July 2021, OutTV announced that it had commissioned a second season.
# Fitzwilliam Owen Island

Fitzwilliam Owen Island is an island of the Arctic Archipelago, specifically of the Parry Islands subgroup of the Queen Elizabeth Islands. It belongs to the Northwest Territories, Canada. It lies just west of Eight Bears Island, south-west of the Ballantyne Strait. It is roughly halfway between Mackenzie King Island (to the north-east) and Emerald Isle (to the south-west).
# W. C. Jameson

William Carl Jameson (born December 22, 1942), known professionally as W. C. Jameson, is an American writer, author, singer/songwriter, and professional treasure hunter. His writings focus mainly on American Western subjects. A son of William Sims Jameson (1914–1976) and Lea Savoy (1907–2008), he was born in Washington, D.C.

## Career

W. C. Jameson is the author of at least fifty books, over a thousand articles, columns and essays, and several hundred poems and songs. He has written the score for two PBS documentaries and one feature film. An accomplished songwriter and performer, he has recorded five CDs of his original music and acted in several movies. His notable books include the Beyond the Grave series about notorious killers Billy the Kid, John Wilkes Booth, and Butch Cassidy.
Jameson's Buried Treasures of America series has made him the world's best-selling author of books about buried treasure. His success and fame as a professional treasure hunter have led to appearances on television's Unsolved Mysteries, the Travel Channel, the Discovery Channel, Nightline, and NPR.
He gives talks, lectures, programs and seminars at corporate functions, college and university campuses, clubs, writing conferences, and poetry gatherings. His topics include aspects of his life as a professional treasure hunter, his life as a writer in many genres, and the writing process.

## Honors and awards

W. C. Jameson is a past president of the Western Writers of America (1994–1996), and has twice won their Stirrup Award for best magazine article. His song "When Roy Rogers was Around" was selected by WWA members as one of the top 100 western songs of all time. In 1999 he was named Songwriter of the Year by the Texas Folk Music Guild.
# Ambulatory Payment Classification

APCs or Ambulatory Payment Classifications are the United States government's method of paying for facility outpatient services for the Medicare (United States) program. A part of the Federal Balanced Budget Act of 1997 made the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services create a new Medicare "Outpatient Prospective Payment System" (OPPS) for hospital outpatient services -analogous to the Medicare prospective payment system for hospital inpatients known as Diagnosis-related group or DRGs. This OPPS, was implemented on August 1, 2000. APCs are an outpatient prospective payment system applicable only to hospitals. Physicians are reimbursed via other methodologies for payment in the United States, such as Current Procedural Terminology or CPTs.
APC payments are made to hospitals when the Medicare outpatient is discharged from the Emergency Department or clinic or is transferred to another hospital (or other facility) which is not affiliated with the initial hospital where the patient received outpatient services. Although APCs began through the federal system of Medicare, they have also been considered for adoption by state programs, such as Medicaid, and other third-party private health insurers. If the patient is admitted from a hospital clinic or Emergency Department, then there is no APC payment, and Medicare will pay the hospital under inpatient Diagnosis-related group DRG methodology.
# William Bell (lawyer)

William Bell (born in or before 1538, died 1598) was an English lawyer.
He was born into a gentry family from Worcestershire, the son of John Bell. He was educated at Warwick and Balliol College, Oxford, where he was elected to a fellowship, which, however, being a Roman Catholic, he was unable to hold. Bell then started working for John Throckmorton. Subsequently, he turned his attention to the law, studying at Clement's Inn for two years. He then appears to have returned to his native county, where he came to hold the office of clerk of the peace. He is said to have died at Temple Broughton (perhaps the same as the place now known as Broughton) in that county.
His son Arthur Bell, a Franciscan of the order of friars minor and warden of the college of St. Bonaventura at Douay, published in 1632 an octavo volume containing his fathers will of 1587, a statement of his theological opinions, and his pedigree.
# Ann Bowers

Ann Schmeltz Bowers (November 1937 – January 24, 2024) was an American business executive and philanthropist. She served as Intel Corporations head of personnel and later served as the first Vice President of Human Resources at Apple Corporation. She was married to Bob Noyce until his death in 1990. She was chair of the Noyce Foundation.

## Early life and education

Bowers received a B. A. in English from Cornell University in 1959 and an honorary Ph.D. from the University of Santa Clara.

## Career

Bowers started at Intel Corporation in 1970 and in 1976 when she left, was their first Director of Personnel. In 1980, she was hired as Apple's first Vice President of Human Resources.

## Philanthropy

Bowers, along with her husband's daughter and brother, founded the Robert Noyce Foundation after her husband, Intel founder Robert Noyce, died in 1990. The foundation focuses on education particularly in STEM fields. In 2020, she personally gifted more than $100 million to Cornell University establishing the Cornell Ann S. Bowers College of Computing and Information Science.

## Personal life and death

Bowers married Robert Noyce in 1974 when both worked at Intel Corporation. She received an honorary PhD from Santa Clara University. Bowers died on January 24, 2024, at the age of 86.
# Tommaso Rima

Tommaso Rima (11 December 1775 – 26 February 1843) was a Swiss-Italian physician and surgeon. He studied varicose veins and innovated a ligation technique to manage it, making him a pioneer of vascular surgery.
Rima was born in Mosogno, Ticino Canton, to Giacomo Antonio Gianini-Rima and Maria Xavieria (born either Zanedei or Picchioni from Corsica). He was educated at Locarno and Lugano before going to Rome to study medicine where his older brother had also been. He received his diploma in medicine and surgery at Sapienza in 1798. He then trained at the hospital of San Giovanni, Laterano, Rome until war broke out. He then became a military doctor. He was promoted to surgeon major of the Italian army in 1803 and was involved in organization building, and teaching. He served in 1805 at Trieste and at Naples (1806). In 1806 he became a chief surgeon at Milan, succeeding Paolo Assalini at the military hospital of San Ambrogio. In 1807 he was surgeon-in-chief of Italian military hospitals. In 1814 he became a medical officer in the Austrian army and after leaving in 1820 he took up research, working as a surgeon at the Ravenna hospital and later at Venice.
Rima's most famous work was on the proximate cause of varicose veins and a treatment based on ligation of the saphenous vein and a more popular method was experimented on later by Friedrich Trendelenburg.
Rima had two daughters from a marriage sometime after 1807 but after his wife's death in 1812, he married Marquise Teresa née Lalatta of Parma, widow of a Bergamo landowner.
# Boulevard Lakefront Tour

The Boulevard Lakefront Tour is a non-competitive bicycle ride on Lake Shore Drive and neighborhood communities in downtown Chicago, Illinois, presented by the law firm of Schwartz Cooper and the Active Transportation Alliance. The event includes 15-mile, 35-mile and 62-mile (or metric century) rides.
Nearly 2,200 riders participated in 2005, including several hundred who pedaled the new 62-mile (100 km) Chicago Cycling Club Metric Century.
# Butamben

Butamben is a local anesthetic. Proprietary names includes Alvogil in Spain and Alvogyl in Switzerland. It is one of three components in the topical anesthetic Cetacaine.

## Chemistry

It is the ester of 4-aminobenzoic acid and butanol. A white, odourless, crystalline powder. that is mildly soluble in water (1 part in 7000) and soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, fixed oils, and dilute acids. It slowly hydrolyses when boiled with water. Synonyms include Butamben, Butilaminobenzoato, and Butoforme.

## Synthesis

The esterification between 4-Nitrobenzoic acid [62-23-7] (1) and 1-Butanol [71-36-3] (2) gives Butyl 4-Nitrobenzoate [120-48-9] (3). Bechamp reduction then gives Butamben (4).
Alternatively, 4-aminobenzoic acid can be used directly.
# Postscript (disambiguation)

A postscript is most often a sentence or paragraph added after the signature of a letter.
Postscript or PostScript may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* PostScript Magazine, a British student magazine
* "Postscript", a song by Pet Shop Boys from the 1993 album Very
* "Post Script", a song by Finch from the album What It Is to Burn
* Postscripts, a former quarterly British magazine

## Other uses

* PostScript, a page description and programming language for electronic publishing
# Vello

Vello is an Estonian masculine given name. People named Vello include:
* Vello Asi (1927–2016), interior architect, graphic designer and professor
* Vello Helk (1923–2014), Danish historian of Estonian origin
* Vello Jaaska (born 1936), Estonian botanist
* Vello Jürna (1959–2007), opera singer
* Vello Kaaristo (1911–1965), cross-country skier
* Vello Lään (1937–2022), journalist
* Vello Leito (born 1941), politician
* Vello Lõugas (1937–1998), archaeologist
* Vello Orumets (1941–2012), singer
* Vello Õunpuu (1943–2021), rally driver
* Vello Pähn (born 1958), conductor
* Vello Pärnpuu (born 1973), wrestler
* Vello Rummo (1921–2009), theatre director
* Vello Saatpalu (1935–2013), engineer, politician and sport sailor
* Vello Salo (1925–2019), clergyman, theologist, writer and translator
* Vello Salum (1933–2015), Lutheran clergyman, Soviet dissident and politician
* Vello Tafenau (born 1952), Estonian politician
* Vello Toomemets [et] (born 1954), musician and composer
* Vello Väärtnõu [et] (born 1951), Buddhist, artist and freedom fighter
* Vello Vare [et] (1923–2007), Soviet military commander
* Vello Viisimaa (1928–1991), opera singer and actor
* Vello Vinn (born 1939), printmaker and artist

## Other uses

* VELLO is the brand name of a bicycle from Vienna, Austria.
* Vello is the brand name of an online booking and patient management system from Finland.
# William Bell Allen

William Bell Allen (1812 – 5 December 1869) was an Irish-born Australian politician.
He was the son of farmer William Allen and Mary Bell. In 1835 he married Ruth Johnston; they had four children. In 1841 the family migrated to Sydney, where Allen established a soap and candle business. By the 1860s he was producing 300 tons of soap a year and exporting to New Zealand. In 1860 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Williams, serving until his defeat in 1864. Allen died at Waverley in 1869. His sons William, and Alfred, both later served in the Legislative Assembly.
# Edward G. Holley

Edward Gailon Holley (November 26, 1927 – February 18, 2010) was an American librarian, library historian, and educator. Holley graduated from David Lipscomb College in Nashville, Tennessee in 1949 with a bachelor's degree in English. In 1951 he graduated from George Peabody College for Teachers in Nashville, Tennessee with a master's in library science. Holley went on to receive his Ph.D. in library science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1961. He wrote Charles Evans: American Bibliographer.
Holley began his professional career at the University of Houston and worked there for nine years. In 1972 he moved to Chapel Hill, North Carolina, where he accepted the position of dean and professor in the School of Information and Library Science. He remained dean until 1985, and was a professor from 1989 to 1995, when he retired.
Holley was president of the American Library Association (ALA) from 1974–75. He was honored with the Association's Melvil Dewey Medal in 1983 and the Joseph W. Lippincott Award in 1987.
He wrote Raking the Historic Coals: The A.L.A. Scrapbook of 1876.
In 1994 the volume For the Good of the Order: Essays in Honor of Edward G. Holley was published in recognition of his career.
The Edward G. Holley Papers, 1970-2001, are at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
# City News Service

City News Service, Inc. is a regional news agency covering Southern California. City News Service clients include local and regional newspapers, broadcasters and websites.

## History

The company was founded in 1928 by Marvin Willard and Welland Gordon to provide both national wire services and local news outlets with local stories, including coverage of Hollywood and city government.
Florabelle Muir, an LA gossip columnist, purchased the service from its founder(s) in the early 1940s. In the early 1950s, Fletcher Bowron, the former mayor of Los Angeles and Joe Quinn, the United Press bureau chief in Los Angeles, who later served as deputy mayor of Los Angeles, purchased the company. Bowron tired of the news business and decided to run for an open Superior Court judge seat, the same position he held before running for mayor of Los Angeles with a promise to clean up the city's notoriously corrupt police department. After again assuming the bench, Bowron sold his interest in City News to Joe Quinn. After Quinn died in 1979, his widow, Grace Quinn, assumed ownership of the company but soon decided that practicing law, not journalism, was her true passion. Her eldest son, Tom Quinn, assumed control of City News in 1980. Quinn, a former broadcast journalist in Chicago, Los Angeles and Sacramento, managed Jerry Brown's successful campaign for governor of California in 1974 and served as Chairman of the state Air Resources Board from 1975 to 1979. He appointed a close associate, Douglas Faigin, as CNS editor and together they expanded the business by opening new bureaus in Orange County, San Diego and Riverside County. They also doubled the number of clients to include television stations, networks, cable news outlets, daily and weekly newspapers, reality TV programs, government agencies and news websites. Tom Quinn retired as CNS chairman in 2013, and Faigin assumed that position. When Faigin retired in 2021, Quinn became non-executive Chairman and Lori Streifler, CNS's top editor, became president. Marty Sauerzopf is now the editor, and Kevin Kenney is the city editor.
Quinn, who now lives in Reno, Nevada, continues as the primary owner but spends most of his time on his extensive business interests in Nevada, including serving as president of Americom Broadcasting and Reno Media Group, the dominant broadcaster in Northern Nevada and Lake Tahoe.
City News Service covers city and county governments, courts and public safety. News from business, sports and entertainment are not being covered.
# Game theory (disambiguation)

Game theory is the study of participants' behavior in strategic situations.
Game theory may also refer to:
* Combinatorial game theory, the study of move combinations in games like nim, chess, and go
* Game Theory (band), a 1980s American rock band
* Game Theory (album), a 2006 album by hip-hop band The Roots
* Political Game Theory, a book by Nolan McCarty with Adam Meirowitz
* Role-playing game theory
# Bruce McPhail

Bruce Eric McPhail (26 January 1937 – 21 July 2020) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A wing, McPhail represented Mid Canterbury, Canterbury, and Nelson at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1959. He played two matches for the All Blacks, both of them tests against the touring British Lions.
McPhail died in Hamilton on 21 July 2020.
# Bellanca J-300

The Bellanca J-300 was a high wing cabin monoplane used for several trans-atlantic attempts, including a successful 1934 crossing by the Adamowicz brothers.