OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bromham, Bedfordshire

Bromham is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Bedford in Bedfordshire, England, situated around 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Bedford town centre.

## Name

Bromham (Bruneham in Domesday) is probably the enclosed meadow on which the broom or the dyers' weed grew (at present no such flora can be found at that location).
Another theory as to the origin of the village's name is Bruna's homestead and was first recorded as Bruneham in the Domesday Book of 1086. Other variants including Bruham (1164–1302), Braham (1227), Bramham (1228), Brumham (1262–87), Brunham (1276–91), Brumbham (1276), Brynham (1276), Broham (1278), Bronham (1338), Broam (1360), Brounham (1361) and Burnham (1361). The modern spelling is first recorded in 1227.

## History

The land formed part of the Barony of Bedford held by the Beauchamps. After the Battle of Evesham, in which John de Beauchamp fell fighting on the side of the barons, the manor was held for a time by Prince Edward, but afterward divided among the Beauchamp female heirs. Bromham afterward passed successively into the hands of the Mowbrays, the Latimers, the Nevilles, the Passelowes, the Wildes and the Dyves. Early in the 18th century, the manor was bought by Sir Thomas Trevor, who was afterward created Lord Trevor, and whose mother was a daughter of John Hampden, the patriot. Three of his sons succeeded to the title. One of them – the third Lord Trevor – married Sir Richard Steele's (Dick Steele) daughter; and another – the fourth Lord Trevor – inherited the Great Hampden Estate in Bucks, through his grandmother, and was created Viscount Hampden. The Trevors became connected through marriage with the Rice family (the Dynevor Rices) and at the death of the late Miss Rice Trevor the estate passed to the Wingfields.

## Social

Bromham plays host to several social events through the year, Bromfest, The Duck Race and many other well organised events.

## Notable features

It has a number of notable features including a flour watermill (Bromham Mill, now open to the public), the Church of St Owen, and a medieval bridge over the River Great Ouse that, until 1986, carried the main A428 road over the river on 26 arches.
The watermill is referred to in the Domesday Book of 1086 and the Vikings navigated the Great Ouse a long time ago. The mill was extensively restored in 1980 by Warwickshire millwrights Gormley and Goodman to the extent that it was able to grind wheat for flour again for the first time that year since it ceased work in 1939. Alterations to the weir below the mill's leat shortly afterwards caused a reduction to the height of the head-race, resulting in poorer performance from the mill's impulse water-wheel.

## Location

The parish is for the greater part enclosed in a bend in the Great Ouse, and it touches the parishes of Oakley, Biddenham, Kempston, Stagsden, Stevington and at its western point, Turvey. It is to the west of Bedford.
# Ayiroor, Pathanamthitta

Ayroor (also spelled Ayiroor) is a village near Thiruvalla, located in the western part of Ranni taluk, in the Pathanamthitta district in Kerala state, India. It is bordered by hills and located near the Western Ghats. Ayroor was previously part of Thiruvalla taluk in Alappuzha district and is considered part of the Edanadu region in Kerala. The Pamba River flows on the southern side of the village.

## Tourism

The Pamba River and the surrounding hills make Ayiroor a picturesque location in central Travancore. Residents of Ayiroor cultivate coconut, rubber, cocoa, tapioca, plantains, cinnamon, pepper, nutmeg, vanilla, rambutan and other crops, making the per capita income of the residents higher than the state average. The nearest airports are the Cochin International Airport, located 127 kilometers away, and Thiruvananthapuram International Airport, 120 kilometers away.
One of the highlights of Ayroor is the Cherukolpuzha Hindu Parishad, a religious festival that is held for a week in February. Every year since 1912, the festival is held on the dry bed of the Pamba River. Snake boat races also attract people to the village.

## Religion

Hinduism and Christianity are the only religions in the region, with a similar number of followers.
Ayroor village used to be a part of the erstwhile Kingdom of Travancore. It is believed that the Kovilans ruled Ayroor in the past.
The prominent Nair families are Thottavallil and Pulluvizha.The branches of these families are mostly in Thadiyoor and Ayroor areas.Thadiyoor market is a private market running by Thottavallil family Trust.Former Travancore Devaswom Board President Shri T.N Upendranatha Kurup is the head of the family of Thottavallil.He is the president of Hindumatha Mahamandalam[Ayroor Cherukolepuzha Hindumatha Convention Trust].His father Late.Shri.Pulluvizha Krishnapanicker,belongs to Pulluvizha Family and Mother belongs to Thottavallil Family.
It is believed that the Thekencore kingdom's Kovilans ruled Ayroor in the past. The Kovilans brought a Christian family from the north as they believed that the kingdom will become prosperous with the presence of Christians. The descendants of this family is still present in Ayroor and is known as the Ayyakkavil family.

## Notable people

* K. Surendranatha Thilakan (1935–2012), actor and playwright
* The Most Rev. Dr. *Juhanon Mar Thoma Metropolitan (1894–1976)
* The Most Rev. Mathews Athanasius the Malankara Metropolitan (1907–1973)
* T. K. A. Nair (born 1939), former civil servant
* Ayroor Vasudeva Kurup Vanchipattu Singer

## Main attractions

* Ayroor Chathayam Boat Race
* Cherukolpuzha Hindu Matha Maha Mandalam (Convention)
# Fondinvest Capital

Fondinvest Capital is a French private equity firm, focused on European lower and mid-market private equity funds. The firm was founded in 1994 by Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations ("CDC"), the French state-owned financial institution, as an internal unit to manage private equity investments. The firm has also been the investment manager of a family of funds offered to external institutional investors, which include public and private pension funds, insurance companies, endowments, banks, and sovereign wealth funds. The group has deployed over €2 billion in primary funds of funds, secondaries funds and separately managed accounts for institutional investors in Europe, the US, the Middle East and Asia.

## History

Charles Soulignac, Fondinvest’s Founder while working at CDC and Managing Director, managed and developed from 1989 to 1993 various investments in private equity funds that the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations ("CDC") made during the 1980s. In 1994, he established Fondinvest Capital for CDC. Fondinvest continued to manage and develop CDC’s investment program in private equity funds and to include third party investors in future fund of funds vehicles. In 2006, Fondinvest Capital spun off from CDC and became independent. Fondinvest continues to manage capital for CDC and other French public institutions.

## Funds under management

Since its establishment, Fondinvest Capital has managed in €2 billion across its primary and secondary business lines, as well as a number of primary separately managed accounts. The company’s odd-numbered funds are primary funds and even-numbered funds are secondary funds.

### Primary Funds of Funds

Since 1994, the firm has launched four primary funds of funds I, III, V and VII. Fondinvest Capital targets investments in European funds ranging in size from €100 million to €1 billion, and especially buyout and growth capital funds.

### Secondary Funds

Since 1996, the firm has launched four secondaries funds II, IV, VI and VIII. Since the inception of the Firm’s secondary investment activity, Fondinvest has focused on primarily acquiring European middle market assets in the global private equity secondary market, targeting small- to mid-sized transactions that range in total deal value between €0.5 million and €50 million. Fondinvest has extensive global networks of GP’s and LP’s which generate "off-radar" opportunities. The California State Teachers' Retirement System (CalSTRS) reported Fondinvest VI returned a 23.30% internal rate of return (IRR), as of March 31, 2015. CalSTRS is also currently the thirteenth largest public pension fund in the world.

### Separately Managed Accounts

Since 2000, Fondinvest Capital has developed discretionary and non-discretionary separately managed accounts for investors.
# Broad-leaved tree

A broad-leaved, broad-leaf, or broadleaf tree is any tree within the diverse botanical group of angiosperms that has flat leaves and produces seeds inside of fruits. It is one of two general types of trees, the other being a conifer, a tree with needle-like or scale-like leaves and seeds borne in woody cones. Broad-leaved trees are sometimes known as hardwoods.
Most deciduous trees are broad-leaved but some are coniferous, like larches.

## Tree types

Two general types of woody trees :
| Gymnosperms (seed plants not flowering) | Angiosperms (flowering seed plants) |
| Coniferous (females bearing ovulate cones that release unenclosed seeds at maturity) | Fruit-bearing (enclosing seeds within) |
| Usually evergreen (gradually shedding foliage, green foliage throughout year) | Usually deciduous (seasonally shedding all foliage, no foliage for part of year) |
| Known as softwoods (nonporous, wood typically lighter & softer) | Known as hardwoods (wood structure porous & more complex, wood generally harder) |
| Usually needle-like or scale-like leaves | Broad leaves |
| Examples: firs, spruces, pines | Examples: hickories, maples, oaks |

## Gallery

* Chênes Apremont by Théodore Rousseau
* Maple leaves by autumn
* Fig tree
* Fruit of broad-leaved trees
# Declan Buckley (designer)

Declan Buckley is a garden and landscape designer whose work has been written about in the Evening Standard, The Daily Telegraph and The Independent. The Guardian mentions Buckley's talent for transforming dark urban spaces. He was a speaker at the 2009 Conference 'Heavenly Gardens in Hellish Places' at Imperial College London.
His garden design column 'The Urban Plot' appeared regularly in The Times. Images of his projects have been used to illustrate features in many books including Sharp Gardening by Christopher Holliday. His own garden was selected for the Modern Gardens Open Day on 26 June 2004, when 200 of Britain's most exciting private gardens were opened to the public. He designed the setting for The British Library 2004-2005 exhibition 'The Writer in the Garden', showing how gardens inspired authors and how authors in their turn shaped notions of the garden.
# Eocarcinoidea

Eocarcinoidea is a superfamily of fossil decapod crustaceans. Formerly thought to be the earliest true crabs, they are now thought to be the oldest members of the Anomura. Two species are included, each in its own family-taxon: Eocarcinus praecursor (Eocarcinidae) and Platykotta akaina (Platykottidae).
# Carmignac

Carmignac is a French asset management firm founded in 1989 by Édouard Carmignac and Éric Helderlé. The firm is wholly employee-owned and has $44 billion of assets under management as of 2021, according to Forbes.

## History

After its founding in 1989 in Paris, the firm opened its first office abroad in Luxembourg in 1999. In 2008, offices were established in Madrid and Milan, followed by London (2012) and Zurich (2015).
In 2000, Carmignac’s assets amounted to €1 billion, reaching €13 billion in 2007. The firm’s flagship fund, Carmignac Patrimoine, largely resisted the financial crisis of 2008, which led to an increase in assets in the following years, and it became one of the largest funds in Europe for a while, according to the FT.

### Recent developments

In September 2018, it was announced that Édouard Carmignac would step down from running the Carmignac Investissement Fund, management of which passed to David Older.
Edouard Carmignac announced in January 2019 that he would step down as the portfolio manager of the Carmignac Patrimoine fund after holding this position for 30 years. Rose Ouahba and David Older succeeded Carmignac as dual leads of the Fund. However, Edouard Carmignac maintained his role as a member of the strategic investment committee and chief investment officer (CIO).
In June 2019, the company agreed to pay a €30 million as part of a settlement under a public interest judicial agreement against the discontinuation of proceedings by the National Financial Prosecutor's Office.

### Funds managed

As of 2019, Carmignac manages 21 investment strategies. These activities include, among others, equity and fixed income management.
In May 2019, it was announced that Carmignac launched six new OEICs funds in the United Kingdom in a push to increase its European presence beyond the French market. The funds are similar to those the firm is already managing in France. In April 2019, Marie-Anne Allier took over the co-management of Carmignac Sécurité Fond. In the same year, three of the company's funds were certified with the French SRI label for sustainable investment vehicles.
The firm launched two more funds in June that year, called the Carmignac Portfolio Grandchildren fund and the Carmignac Portfolio Family Governed fund. These aim to provide financial security to children.
# All-China Games

The All-China Games (Chinese: 全国体育大会; pinyin: Quánguó Tǐyù Dàhuì) is a quadrennial national multi-sports event for non-Olympic sports in the People's Republic of China. The events are to "give priority to promoting national physical fitness and providing lots of fun for amateur athletes".
Events include: dragon boat racing, lion dancing, shuai jiao (Chinese wrestling), trampoline, dance sports, bridge, golf, aerobics, water skiing, parachuting, body building and fitness, billiards, chess, xiangqi (Chinese chess), mountaineering and climbing, squash, orienteering, hobby craft, wireless location hunt, bowling, roller sports, open water swimming, tug of war; fin swimming, goal ball, boules, bridge, fin swimming, billiards and "Go (game)".
One of the aims is to promote sport and the whole event is dubbed a "national fitness program". So there are no medal rankings.
The Games are organised by the State General Administration of Sports (SGAS). In the past the games have not been widely publicised.
Chongqing was scheduled to hold the 5th Games 2014, but in December 2012, they were informed that the games had been canceled.

## History

The second All-China Games were held in 2002 in the city of Mianyang.
The third games ran 20–30 May 2006, and included 28 sports and 268 disciplines .
The 4th All-China Games, held from 16 to 26 May 2010 in Hefei City, Anhui Province, marked a major expansion in terms of the number of participants, up from 4,000 to 30,000. There was 34 sports and a new awarding system introduced. The new award system meant that 60 percent of the participants received some sort of award, instead of 3 medals per event. Hong Kong sent a team for the first time.

## Editions

All-China Games :
| Year | Host City | Sports | Athletes |
| 2000 | Ningbo, Zhejiang | 17 | 2,200 |
| 2002 | Mianyang, Sichuan | 22 | – |
| 2006 | Suzhou, Jiangsu | 28 | 4,085 |
| 2010 | Hefei, Anhui | 34 | 30,000 |
| 2014 | Chongqing | 80 | |
# Oakley, Oxfordshire

Oakley is a spring line settlement at the foot of the Chiltern Hills on the route of the Lower Icknield Way. It is about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southeast of Thame in Oxfordshire, England. It is in the civil parish of Chinnor, and 20th century housing developments have absorbed Oakley into that village.
# Serbian Blue Book

The Serbian Blue Book is a collection of 52 Serbian diplomatic documents regarding events between 29 June and 6 August 1914, a period including the aftermath of the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand (the July Crisis) and the beginning of World War I, published by the Government of the Kingdom of Serbia on 18 November 1914. It includes correspondence between Serbian ministers and diplomats, Serbia and Russia (including royal), Austria-Hungary, and Germany. It was published in French translation in 1914, and English translation by the British Foreign Office in Collected Diplomatic Documents Relating to the Outbreak of the European War, and also American Association for International Conciliation, in 1915.
After the war, the Allied Commission used the book along with other diplomatic document collections to conclude the responsibility of the Central Powers in the war. According to Joseph Ward Swain, the 'purpose of the Serbian blue book was to show the aggressive spirit of the Austrians'.
# John Linehan (basketball)

John Lewis Linehan (born May 1, 1978) is an American professional basketball coach and former player who is an assistant coach for the Brigham Young University (BYU) men's basketball team. Linehan has held various coaching roles at the professional, minor league, and collegiate levels in the United States and in other countries. As a player, Linehan played point guard and spent a decade playing professionally in the U.S. and internationally.

## High school

Born in Chester, Pennsylvania, Linehan played competitive high school basketball, first at Chester High School, and then at Winchendon School, in Winchendon, Massachusetts.

## College career

Linehan played college basketball for Providence College's Friars, from 1997 to 2002. He led the Big East Conference in steals, in three different seasons, and also earned the Big East Defensive Player of the Year and second-team All-Big East honors his last two seasons. As a senior, in the 2001–02 season, he averaged 12.5 points, 3.8 rebounds, 4.4 assists, and 4.5 steals per game, finishing second in the nation in steals.
As a result, he was awarded the Henry Iba Corinthian Award, as the National Association of Basketball Coaches' Defensive Player of the Year, for that season. He finished his collegiate career as the NCAA Division I's all-time career leader in steals, with 385. On December 5, 2021, Richmond's Jacob Gilyard broke Linehan's nearly 20-year old record after recording his 386th steal in a win over Northern Iowa.

## Professional playing career

Linehan was not drafted into the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played for the Greenville Groove, of the National Basketball Development League (NBDL). In the 2003–04 season, he played for the Dakota Wizards of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA), and won the league's championship with the team.
After winning the CBA championship, Linehan moved to Europe, and signed with Paris Basket Racing of the LNB Pro A in France, where he also played two years (2006–08) for SLUC Nancy. In the 2008–09 season, he played for Kalev/Cramo, in Estonia. With the team, he won the Estonian Cup and the Estonian League championship. Around this time, Linehan was nicknamed "Le Virus" (English: "The Virus").
In July 2009, he signed a one-year contract with the French Pro A team Cholet Basket. He won the 2009–10 season's French League championship with the team.
In July 2010, Linehan signed a contract with the French club SLUC Nancy, and in the 2010–11 season, he won the French League championship with them. Linehan at one time held the record for the most assists in a single EuroLeague game, with 15 assists. On the 3 November 2011, he delivered 15 assists, in a EuroLeague game against Fenerbahçe. The record was later broken.

## Coaching career

Linehan began his career as a basketball coach in 2015, and has coached at Drexel, Brown, Hartford, Georgia, and Saint Joseph's. On June 5, 2024, Linehan was announced as an assistant coach for BYU.
# List of amphibians of Metropolitan France

Amphibians of Metropolitan France include:

## Frogs and toads (Anura)
### Ranidae

Native ranid species of Metropolitan France :
| Common name | Scientific name | IUCN status (France) | IUCN status (worldwide) |
| Edible frog | Pelophylax kl. esculentus (Linnaeus, 1758) | NT | LC |
| Graf's hybrid frog | Pelophylax kl. grafi (Crochet, Dubois, Ohler & Tunner, 1995) | NT | NE |
| Pool frog | Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) | NT | LC |
| Perez's frog | Pelophylax perezi (López-Seoane [es], 1885) | NT | LC |
| Marsh frog | Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) | LC | LC |
| Moor frog | Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 | EN | LC |
| Agile frog | Rana dalmatina Fitzinger in Bonaparte, 1839 | LC | LC |
| Pyrenean frog | Rana pyrenaica Serra-Cobo, 1993 | EN | EN |
| Common frog | Rana temporaria Linnaeus, 1758 | LC | LC |

### Bufonidae

* Bufo bufo, common toad

## Salamanders (Caudata)
### Salamandridae

* Lissotriton vulgaris, common newt
* Salamandra salamandra, fire salamander
# Point No Point

Point No Point (Lushootseed: hadᶻqs) is an outcropping of land on the northeast point of the Kitsap Peninsula in Washington, the United States. It was the location of the signing of the Point No Point Treaty and is the site of the Point No Point Light.
The Lushootseed name of the point is hadᶻqs, which means "long point". It was named by Charles Wilkes during the United States Exploring Expedition of Puget Sound in 1841. Wilkes gave the point its name because it appears much less of a promontory at close range than it does from a distance. Point No Point has been noted for its unusual place name.
The marine climate ensures plenty of precipitation in winter and mild temperatures in summer. There are many productive habitats. The spit itself has sandy beaches with log jams, as well as some man-made structures for boating. Behind the beaches is a large mixed freshwater/saltwater marsh with a substantial shrub component. The waters surrounding the point react to swiftly running tides, attracting many marine bird species.

## Birdwatching

Point No Point has one of the largest birdlists of any site in Washington. The point is owned jointly by the U.S. Coast Guard (leased to Kitsap County) and a private landowner who is knowledgeable and sympathetic to birdwatchers.
Point No Point is best known for its water-related species: gulls, cormorants, loons, terns, jaegers, ducks, grebes, mergansers, scoters, brant, and alcids. When the tide is running, there are flocks of Bonaparte's gulls and seabirds, often a veritable feeding frenzy. Jaegers are often seen flying through the gull and (in fall) tern flocks. Ancient murrelets can be seen offshore in November – this is one of the best sites in Washington for this species. Along the sandy beaches, shorebirds can be seen. The marsh attracts a variety of passerines, particularly in migration. Point No Point has produced many notable rarities, both in the offshore waters and in the marsh.
# Benfleet Urban District

Benfleet Urban District was an urban district in the county of Essex, England. It was created on 1 October 1929 from the parts of Rochford Rural District containing the civil parishes of Hadleigh, South Benfleet and Thundersley.
Since 1 April 1974 it has formed an unparished area of the borough of Castle Point.
51°33′N 0°35′E﻿ / ﻿51.55°N 0.59°E﻿ / 51.55; 0.59
# Dal-dong

Dal-dong is a dong, or neighborhood, of Nam District, Ulsan, South Korea.
# Trechus liochrous

Trechus liochrous is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Jeannel in 1935.
# South Chennai

South Chennai is the new southern neighbourhoods of Chennai city, India. It is roughly the neighbourhoods and suburbs that lie south of the Adyar River. None of these places were part of Chennai Corporation before 1947 and became part of Chennai before 1990 when they existed as separate local bodies.
South Chennai has two notified reserve forests and has a rich human history indicated by the presence of many palaeolithic, neolithic and megalithic remains. The South Chennai zone, with its head office at Guindy division comprises Guindy, Mylapore, Velachery, Alandur and Sholinganallur taluks.