OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yürekli, İvrindi

Yürekli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of İvrindi, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 500 (2022).
# Karin Wolverton

Karin Wolverton (born 1974, Roseville, Minnesota) is an American operatic soprano. A graduate of the University of Minnesota, she has performed several roles with the Minnesota Opera, including Antonia in Les contes d'Hoffmann, Donna Anna in Don Giovanni, Donna Ines in Maria Padilla and both Mimi and Musetta in La bohème among others. With that company she created the role of Anna Sorenson in the world premiere of Kevin Puts' Pulitzer Prize-winning opera Silent Night in 2011. That performance was filmed and broadcast nationally on PBS in 2013.
In 2014 Wolverton made her debut with the Tulsa Opera as Micäela in Bizet's Carmen. In 2015 she performed the role of Fiordiligi in Mozart's Così fan tutte with the Utah Opera, Donna Elvira in Don Giovanni with the Austin Lyric Opera, and returned to Tulsa as Mimi in La bohème. Other opera companies she has performed leading roles with include the Central City Opera, the Des Moines Metro Opera, the Pensacola Opera, the Pittsburgh Opera, and the Rubén Darío National Theatre in Nicaragua.
On the concert stage Wolverton has performed regularly with the Minnesota Orchestra, including performances of Pamina in The Magic Flute, the Mother in Amahl and the Night Visitors, and Carl Nielsen's Symphony No. 3, the latter of which was performed at Carnegie Hall in New York City. In 2014 she was the soprano soloist in Carmina Burana with the Pennsylvania Ballet and performed Knoxville: Summer of 1915 with Orchestra Seattle. Her performances include concerts with the Chippewa Valley Symphony, Dayton Philharmonic, Discovery Ensemble, New Hampshire Music Festival, the Rochester Symphony Orchestra, Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, St. Cloud Symphony Orchestra, and Wayzata Symphony Orchestra among others.
# Subota

Subota or Subbota (Cyrillic: Субота or Суббота) means Saturday in several Slavic languages. It may refer to
* Lazareva Subota, a Serbian Orthodox tradition
* Subota Jović, 17th century Habsburg military officer of Serbian origin
* Aliaksandr Subota (born 1984), Paralympian athlete from Belarus
* Minja Subota (1938-2021), Serbian composer, musician, entertainer and photographer
# Gabriel Gaudin

Gabriel Gaudin (1919 - 1999) was a French cyclist who won Paris–Tours in 1943.

## Major results
### 1943

    1st Paris–Tours
    1st Paris-Nantes [fr]

### 1945

    2nd Paris-Caen [fr]

### 1949

    6th Critérium National de la Route

### 1950

    6th Bordeaux–Paris

### 1952

    2nd Bordeaux-Saintes [fr]
# Dorothy Schiller

Dorothy Jane Schiller (April 20, 1916 – January 1992) was an American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Schiller advanced to the semifinals of the women's 200-meter breaststroke and recorded a time of 3:18.5.
# 2019 in Jamaica

Events in the year 2019 in Jamaica.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Elizabeth II
* Governor-General: Patrick Allen
* Prime Minister: Andrew Holness
* Chief Justice: Zaila McCalla

## Events
### Politics

* April 4 – 2019 Portland Eastern by-election

### Sports

* 26 July to 11 August – Jamaica competed in the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru

## Deaths

* 2 February –Lynvale Bloomfield (b. 1959).
* 11 February – Delroy Poyser, long jumper (b. 1962).
* 8 March – Cynthia Thompson, Olympic sprinter (b. 1922).
# Charles-François Roy

Charles-François Roy (September 14, 1835 – April 13, 1882) was a civil engineer, land surveyor and political figure in Quebec. He represented Kamouraska in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1869 to 1877 and Kamouraska in the House of Commons of Canada from 1877 to 1878 as a Conservative member.
He was born in Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière, Quebec, the son of François Roy and Angèle Sasseville, and was educated at the college there. In 1860, he married Charlotte Sasseville. He served as colonization agent for the Gaspé district from 1862 to 1868. Roy resigned his seat in the provincial assembly in 1877 to run for a seat in the House of Commons after Charles Alphonse Pantaléon Pelletier was named to the Senate. He was defeated by Joseph Dumont when he ran for reelection in 1878. Roy died at Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière at the age of 47.
# Ralph Morton

Sir Ralph John Morton, CMG, OBE, MC (2 August 1896 – 7 March 1985) was a Southern Rhodesian lawyer and judge.
Born in the United Kingdom, Morton was educated at the University of Cambridge. During the First World War, he fought with the Royal Field Artillery and received the Military Cross in 1918.
Moving to Southern Rhodesia, Morton became Salisbury's first civil prosecutor in 1927, and became a government legal adviser the following year. He became Solicitor-General of Southern Rhodesia in 1934 and Attorney-General of Southern Rhodesia from 1944 until his elevation to the High Court of Southern Rhodesia in 1949. He retired in 1959. At the time of his retirement, he was the senior puisne on the High Court, having allegedly been passed over for Chief Justice due to his perceived leniency in sentencing.
After retiring, Morton chaired a commission of inquiry into Rhodesia's medical and health services. From 1963 to 1965, he was chairman of the Constitutional Council. After Rhodesia's unilateral declaration of independence, Morton moved to Johannesburg, where he died.
Morton was appointed OBE in 1947, CMG in 1954, and was knighted in 1960.
# Melocanna baccifera

Melocanna baccifera is one of two bamboo species belonging to the Melocanna genus. It grows up to 10–25 m tall. It is native to Bangladesh, Myanmar, India, and Thailand.

## Habit

It is tall, small-culmed bamboo with greenish young culms and straw-colored old culms. It grows in clumps composed of many well-spaced culms. It has a dense appearance due to its branching habit.

## Description

Culms are greenish when young, but becomes straw-colored when mature or brownish green when drying. Young culms are covered with stiff, silver hairs. A white bloom occurs just below the nodes. Young shoots are yellowish brown. The culms are straight; branching occurs from the base, and branches are many, short, loose, and open. Internode length is 25–50 cm, and diameter is 1.5–15 cm. Culm walls are thin. Nodes are prominent.
Culm sheaths are greenish in young plants, and turn brown when mature. The sheath proper is 7–15 cm long and 2.5–15 cm wide. Blade length is 10–30 cm. The auricles are equal. The upper surface of the sheath is covered with white hairs or may not. The lower surface of the sheath is not hairy. Sheaths do not fall off, only blades fall off.

## Flowering

Melocanna baccifera flowers almost fully synchronically every 48 years. verified bloomings having occurred in 1863, 1911, 1959, and 2007 with a precision exceeded only by Strobilanthes kunthiana This flowering results in the phenomenon known as Mautam: the population of black rats burgeons owing to the plentiful food supply provided by the bamboo fruit (up to 80 tons/hectare), and once this is exhausted, famine follows as the rats move on to consume local crops, notably in the Northeast Indian state of Mizoram. The Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI) Thiruvananthapuram conducted the study for 13 years between 2009 and 2022 on the flowering of Melocanna baccifera and its relation to the occurrence of 'rat floods' Another peculiarity of M. baccifera is that, like Rhizophora spp, its seeds can germinate while still attached to the mother plant, so that they drop to the ground as plantlets. Researchers have reported the highest ever fruit production of 456.67 kg in the bamboo clump.

## Research publication

A paper on the findings has appeared in the journal PLOS One on November 16,2022. It was presumed earlier that the high protein in the fruits/seeds was attracting the rats. However the study conducted by JNTBGRI in 2016 found that the fruit actually contained very little protein and that the predation is mainly due to the high content of sugar. The research findings are of K.C Koshy, B. Gopakumar, Anthony Sebastian, Ajikumaran Nair S , Anil John Johnson, Balaji Govindan and B Sabulal. The flowering pattern and fruit production discovered through this study will be helpful to the foresters and people involved in the conservation of this bamboo.
# Gaston Fayaud

Gaston Henri Fayaud (7 September 1914 – 6 October 1989) was a French boxer. Born in Limoges, he competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## Career

In 1932, Fayaud lost in the first round to István Énekes in the flyweight competition. Four years later he was again eliminated in the first round of the flyweight class after losing his fight to Walter Siegfried.
Fayaud won the 1935 and 1936 Amateur Boxing Association British flyweight title.
# Art Teacher (Abbott Elementary)

"Art Teacher" is the seventh episode of the American sitcom television series Abbott Elementary. It was written by Kate Peterman, who also performs in the series as Tina Schwartz, and was directed by Jennifer Celotta. It premiered on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on February 8, 2022.

## Plot

When the original art teacher for Abbott retires, Janine's (Quinta Brunson) college friend Sahar steps in and is hired as the school's new volunteer art teacher. Sahar and Melissa (Lisa Ann Walter) disagree over the latter's Peter Rabbit project, and though Janine agrees with Melissa, she finds it hard to turn down Sahar's ideas, as she looked up to her during their college days. When Sahar makes an impressive art piece using the books Melissa bought, Janine finally stands up to her and defends Melissa. Disappointed in the lack of vegetables in the school lunches, Jacob (Chris Perfetti) convinces a reluctant Barbara (Sheryl Lee Ralph) that they should start a school garden despite having little experience doing so. The cafeteria workers ultimately tell them that they cannot service food that was not prepared in the school kitchen. Experienced in landscaping, a frustrated Gregory (Tyler James Williams) secretly tends to their garden to make sure it can thrive.

## Reception

Upon its initial broadcast on ABC, "Art Teacher" was viewed by 2.61 million viewers, slightly less than the previous episode. This rating earned the episode a 0.6 in the 18-49 rating demographics on the Nielson ratings scale.
The episode airs following its midseason entry in the 2021–22 television season. Filming for the seventh episode took place between August 16, and November 5, 2021, in Los Angeles, California. Like other episodes, interior scenes are filmed at Warner Bros. Studios, Burbank in Burbank, California, with exterior shots of the series being filmed in front of Vermont Elementary School in Los Angeles.
# 1960 in Jordan

Events from the year 1960 in Jordan.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Hussein
* Prime Minister: Hazza' al-Majali (until 29 August), Bahjat Talhouni (starting 29 August)

## Deaths

* 29 August - Hazza' al-Majali
# Zacharias Mellebye

Zacharias Mellebye (20 December 1781 – 9 November 1854) was a Norwegian farmer and non-commissioned military officer who served as a representative at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly.

## Biography

Zacharias Rasmussen Mellebye was born on Udengen in Skjeberg parish at Sarpsborg in Østfold, Norway. He participated in the military as a non-commissioned officer in both in 1808 and 1814. He was a commander in the Aker Sharpshooter Regiment (Akershusiske skarpskytterregiment). He represented his regiment at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814. He generally supported the independence party (Selvstendighetspartiet).

## Personal life

He was married to Sofie Magnusdatter Begbye (1781- 1872) with whom he had eight children.
# Mirosław Adamczyk

Mirosław Adamczyk (born 16 July 1962) is a Polish prelate of the Catholic Church who has worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See since 1993, with the title of apostolic nuncio since 2013.

## Biography

Mirosław Adamczyk was born on 16 July 1962 in Gdańsk. He was ordained a priest for the Archdiocese of Gdańsk on 16 May 1987.

## Diplomatic career

He earned a degree in canon law and joined the diplomatic service of the Holy See on 1 July 1993. His early assignments took him to Madagascar, India, Hungary, Belgium, South Africa, and Venezuela.
On 22 February 2013, Pope Benedict XVI appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Liberia and Titular Archbishop of Otricoli. He received his episcopal consecration from Cardinal Kazimierz Nycz on 27 April in the Cathedral of Oliwa.
Later in the year, Pope Francis gave him additional responsibilities as Apostolic Nuncio to the Gambia on 8 June and to Sierra Leone on 21 September.
On 12 August 2017, Pope Francis appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Panama.
On 22 February 2020, Pope Francis appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Argentina.
# Nicola Gaffurini

Nicola Gaffurini (born 15 December 1989) is an Italian former cyclist, who rode professionally between 2014 and 2019 for the Sangemini–MG.K Vis Vega and Monkey Town–à Bloc teams.

## Major results
### 2011

    7th Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano
    8th Trofeo Internazionale Bastianelli

### 2012

    3rd Road race, National Amateur Road Championships

### 2013

    7th Trofeo Internazionale Bastianelli
    8th GP Capodarco

### 2014

    1st Trofeo Internazionale Bastianelli
    7th Coppa della Pace
    10th Giro del Medio Brenta

### 2015

    2nd Trofeo Internazionale Bastianelli
    7th Trofeo Matteotti

### 2016

    3rd Giro del Medio Brenta
    4th Trofeo Matteotti
    6th Tour of Almaty

### 2017

    1st Belgrade Banjaluka II
    1st Coppa della Pace
    1st Mountains classification Tour of Albania
    2nd GP Adria Mobil
    4th GP Laguna
    4th Trofeo Città di Brescia
    4th Giro del Medio Brenta
    8th Trofeo Matteotti
    8th Coppa Ugo Agostoni
    9th Overall Settimana Internazionale di Coppi e Bartali
    9th Coppa Sabatini

### 2018

    2nd Overall Tour of Albania
       1st Mountains classification
       1st Stage 4
    2nd Trofeo Città di Brescia
    10th Overall Sibiu Cycling Tour
# Style Jukebox

Style Jukebox was a hi-fi high-resolution audio cloud music streaming and storage player for the Windows, iOS, Android and Windows Phone platforms. A Web Player was also available for Mac, Windows and Linux.
Style Jukebox allowed users to upload their personal music collection from their computer to Style Jukebox servers and listen to them from another compatible device (Android, iOS, Windows, Mac, and Windows Phone) by streaming or downloading songs for offline playback.
Basic accounts had 10 GB of storage. Pro accounts could have up to 2 TB of music.
As of July 2016, Style Jukebox had more than 250,000 registered users.
On December 1, 2017, Style Jukebox discontinued their service with a very small post on their home page, and no further details were released.

## Features

* Native music applications for Windows, iOS, Android and Windows Phone.
* Automatic import from Dropbox, OneDrive and Google Drive available on Web, Windows, iOS and Windows Phone
* Special upload native software is available for Macs
* Store up to 2 TB of music as a Pro user
* Stream music playlist over cellular data/ WiFi
* Reduce data plan by downloading song on the phone. Selective download
* Support for most popular music file formats: MP3, AAC, WMA, OGC, M4A and lossless FLAC, AIFF, APE, WAV and ALAC (ALAC)
* File size up to 1 GB
* Audio quality up to 24bit/192kHz/7.1 surround
* Browse music by Songs, Albums, Artists, Genres and Composers.
* Edit song title, album title, artist name and genre from Style Jukebox or Windows or Style Jukebox Web Player.
* Support for lossless audio playback on Chromecast (Google Cast)

## Technology

Style Jukebox consisted of cloud-based services for user management, music storage and programmatic interfaces (APIs); and clients for music streaming and storage on desktop and mobile operating systems.
Upload was available on the desktop client only; Style Jukebox enabled users to drop music files and folders in the music player to be automatically uploaded and synced with Style Jukebox cloud-based services and made available to any other of the user's computers and devices that also have the Style Jukebox client installed.
Style Jukebox cloud-based services automatically transcoded formats to match the device's supported formats. For example, a 320 kbit/s WMA was transcoded to 320 kbit/s MP3 on iOS devices and FLAC lossless was transcoded to WMA lossless on Windows Phone devices.
# Gaston Morlet

Gaston Morlet (30 September 1907 - 16 Décember 1994) was a French racing cyclist. He rode in the 1925 Tour de France.
# Tupou Manapori

Tupou Here Tamata Manapori MNZM QSM is a Cook Island New Zealand teacher and Cook Islands Māori language advocate. In 1999, Manapori was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to local-body and community affairs. In 2009, she was awarded a Queen's Service Medal for services to the Pacific Islands community. In 2021 the Ministry for Pacific Peoples awarded her a Cook Islands Language Champion award.

## Early life and education

Manapori was born in Manihiki in the Cook Islands, where she lived with her grandparents. She qualified as a home economics teacher, and moved to New Zealand in 1968. She lives in Māngere with her husband and three children.

## Career

Manapori worked as a high school teacher, teaching technology, and later languages, at Kōwhai Intermediate School and Sir Edmund Hillary Collegiate in Ōtara. Manapori advocated the Cook Islands Māori language to be recognised through an NCEA qualification, and Hillary College became the first school to offer NCEA-level Te Reo Māori Kūki 'Āirani. After retiring from high school teaching, Manapori taught at Manukau Institute of Technology.
Manapori served on the Ōtara Community Board for sixteen years. In 1983 she stood for the local council, and was elected to Manukau City Council in the Ōtara ward. She was the first Pacific Islands councillor elected in Manukau, and served on council until 1992. Manapori was a founding member and Chair of the council's Pacific Islands Advisory Committee, which was formed in 1991 to give advice to the council on issues affecting the Pacific community.

## Honours and awards

In the 1999 New Year Honours, Manapori was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to local-body and community affairs. In the 2009 New Year Honours, she was awarded a Queen's Service Medal for services to the Pacific Islands community. In 2015 she was awarded a Pacific Community Leadership Award at the inaugural SunPix Pacific Peoples’ Awards. During Cook Islands Language Week in 2021 Manapori was awarded by the Ministry for Pacific Peoples as one of five Cook Islands Language Champions.
# The Codebreakers

The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing (ISBN 0-684-83130-9) is a book by David Kahn, published in 1967, comprehensively chronicling the history of cryptography from ancient Egypt to the time of its writing. The United States government attempted to have the book altered before publication, and it succeeded in part.

## Overview

Bradford Hardie III, an American cryptographer during World War II, contributed insider information, German translations from original documents, and intimate real-time operational explanations to The Codebreakers.
The Codebreakers is widely regarded as the best account of the history of cryptography up to its publication. William Crowell, the former deputy director of the National Security Agency, was quoted in Newsday magazine: "Before he (Kahn) came along, the best you could do was buy an explanatory book that usually was too technical and terribly dull."
The Puzzle Palace (1982), written by James Bamford, gives a history of the writing and publication of The Codebreakers. Kahn, then a journalist, was contracted to write a book on cryptology in 1961. He began writing it part-time, and then he quit his job to work on it full-time. The book was to include information on the NSA and, according to Bamford, the agency attempted to stop its publication. The NSA considered various options, including writing a negative review of Kahn's work to be published in the press to discredit him.
A committee of the United States Intelligence Board concluded that the book was "a possibly valuable support to foreign COMSEC authorities" and recommended "further low-key actions as possible, but short of legal action, to discourage Mr. Kahn or his prospective publishers". Kahn's publisher, Macmillan and Sons, handed over the manuscript to the government for review without Kahn's permission on 4 March 1966. Kahn and Macmillan eventually agreed to remove some material from the manuscript, particularly concerning the relationship between the NSA and its counterpart in the United Kingdom, GCHQ.
The book finishes with a chapter on SETI. Because of the year of its publication, the book did not cover most of the history concerning the breaking of the German Enigma machine, which became public knowledge during the 1970s. Hence, not much was said of Alan Turing. It also did not cover the advent of strong cryptography in the public domain, beginning with the invention of public key cryptography and the specification of the Data Encryption Standard in the mid-1970s. The book was republished in 1996, and this new edition included an additional chapter briefly covering the events since the original publication.
# Saida Hagi-Dirie Herzi

Saida Hagi-Dirie Herzi (born c. 1950) is a Somali feminist writer. Her English-language short stories, which use semi-autobiographical narratives and thinly veiled allegories to discuss social issues in her native Somalia, have been widely anthologized.

## Early life and education

Saida Hagi-Dirie Herzi was born in Mogadishu, Somalia, in the 1950s.
As a child she was subjected to female genital mutilation. The practice is near-universal in Somalia but has been widely criticized internationally. Herzi would later critically revisit the experience in her writing.
Herzi attended King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, where she graduated with a bachelor's degree in English literature. She later obtained a master's degree from the American University in Cairo.

## Writing

Herzi was one of the first Somali writers to produce English-language fiction. Her work deals with Somali sociopolitical issues through a feminist lens, advocating for women’s rights and against female genital mutilation and government corruption.
Her first published story, "Against the Pleasure Principle," was initially printed in 1990 in the journal of the Index on Censorship, as there was concern that the brutal depiction of female genital mutilation in the story would be censored. The story contains elements of autobiography, as Herzi herself was subject to the procedure. "Against the Pleasure Principle" was later anthologized elsewhere, including in the 1992 anthology Daughters of Africa.
In 1992, Herzi's story "Government by Magic Spell" was included in The Heinemann Book of Contemporary African Short Stories. It was later chosen to be broadcast as part of BBC Radio's Human Cradle series in 2012. "Government by Magic Spell" criticizes corrupt politics and is considered a thinly veiled allegory for the reality in Somalia at the time.
Her other stories include "The Barren Stick," first published in 2002.
Herzi has also taught English at King Abdulaziz University. She no longer lives full-time in Somalia, instead splitting her time among several countries including the United Kingdom, the United States, and Kenya.
# 1970 in Jordan

Events from the year 1970 in Jordan.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Hussein
* Prime Minister:
** until 27 June: Bahjat Talhouni
** 27 June-16 September: Abdelmunim al-Rifai
** 16 September-26 September: Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi
** 26 September-28 October: Ahmad Toukan
** starting 28 October: Wasfi al-Tal

## Events

* Black September in Jordan - Civil war
* Dawson's Field hijackings