OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shadow squadron

Shadow squadrons are additional squadron numbers allocated to Royal Air Force training, Operational conversion, and Operational and Weapons evaluation units. Normally in peacetime these units are not tasked with combat roles, however, since 1955, UK planning for a major confrontation during the Cold War would have seen the tasking of the aircraft and pilots of these units in combat roles with the activation of the shadow designations.
Shadow squadron activation would have seen for example the RAF's BAE Systems Hawk trainers flown by flight instructors and pilots from the Red Arrows in the point air defence role with guns and AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles.
With defence cuts and the disbanding of historic squadrons the "double number plating" of squadrons was a means of preserving the histories and lineages of such squadrons against the day that they could be revived.

## Examples

Examples of OCU shadow squadron associations. :
| Unit | Squadron Shadow | Notes |
| No. 226 Operational Conversion Unit | No. 145 Squadron | In the early 1960s, it was based at RAF Coltishall to train pilots on the Lightning |
| No. 228 Operational Conversion Unit | No. 64 Squadron | Based at RAF Leeming until 1961, reformed at Leuchars, then reformed again at RAF Coningsby to train crews on the Phantom aircraft |
| No. 236 Operational Conversion Unit | No. 38 (Reserve) Squadron | Based at RAF St Mawgan for converting aircrew to Nimrod aircraft |
* ↑ OCUs disbanded and reformed at different locations on different airframes. Squadron Shadow numbers also changed oftentimes, those numbers given are representative and this list is not exhaustive.
# Shane Peacock (ice hockey)

Shane Peacock (born July 7, 1973) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenseman. He was drafted in the third round, 60th overall, by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 1991 NHL Entry Draft.

## Career

Peacock started his career with the Lethbridge Hurricanes of the Western Hockey League. After two seasons with the Hurricanes, the Penguins chose to draft Peacock in the 3rd round of the 1991 NHL Entry Draft, 60th overall. Peacock would remain with the Hurricanes for three more seasons, leading all WHL defensemen in scoring during the 1992–93 and 1993-94 WHL seasons.
Peacock would start his professional career with the Kalamazoo Wings (later Michigan K-Wings) of the International Hockey League. He would leave the K-Wings after the 1996-97 IHL season and continue his career in Germany. Peacock was a member of the München Barons, who won the DEL championship in 1999-2000, and has captained the Nürnberg Ice Tigers since 2009.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1989–90 | Lethbridge Hurricanes | WHL | 65 | 7 | 23 | 30 | 60 | 19 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 42 |
| 1990–91 | Lethbridge Hurricanes | WHL | 69 | 12 | 50 | 62 | 102 | 16 | 1 | 14 | 15 | 26 |
| 1991–92 | Lethbridge Hurricanes | WHL | 67 | 35 | 45 | 80 | 217 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 2 |
| 1992–93 | Lethbridge Hurricanes | WHL | 65 | 27 | 75 | 102 | 100 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 |
| 1993–94 | Lethbridge Hurricanes | WHL | 70 | 27 | 65 | 92 | 92 | 9 | 3 | 9 | 12 | 6 |
| 1994–95 | Kalamazoo Wings | IHL | 71 | 13 | 23 | 36 | 42 | 12 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 8 |
| 1995–96 | Michigan K-Wings | IHL | 79 | 24 | 43 | 67 | 26 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
| 1996–97 | Michigan K-Wings | IHL | 81 | 9 | 31 | 40 | 49 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 1997–98 | Düsseldorfer EG | DEL | 39 | 11 | 18 | 29 | 73 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| 1998–99 | Kassel Huskies | DEL | 52 | 15 | 22 | 37 | 46 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1999–00 | München Barons | DEL | 53 | 20 | 32 | 52 | 103 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 12 |
| 2000–01 | München Barons | DEL | 41 | 5 | 20 | 25 | 34 | 11 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 14 |
| 2001–02 | München Barons | DEL | 45 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 69 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 14 |
| 2002–03 | Kölner Haie | DEL | 52 | 9 | 14 | 23 | 48 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 30 |
| 2003–04 | Hamburg Freezers | DEL | 50 | 7 | 12 | 19 | 65 | 11 | 6 | 7 | 13 | 10 |
| 2004–05 | Hamburg Freezers | DEL | 52 | 11 | 29 | 40 | 58 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2005–06 | Hamburg Freezers | DEL | 51 | 7 | 30 | 37 | 265 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 |
| 2006–07 | Frankfurt Lions | DEL | 52 | 8 | 23 | 31 | 50 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 18 |
| 2007–08 | Nuremberg Ice Tigers | DEL | 38 | 6 | 14 | 20 | 40 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Nuremberg Ice Tigers | DEL | 52 | 5 | 16 | 21 | 70 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 |
| 2009–10 | Nuremberg Ice Tigers | DEL | 50 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 88 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| DEL totals | DEL totals | DEL totals | 627 | 120 | 262 | 382 | 1,009 | 88 | 32 | 31 | 63 | 116 |

## Awards

* 1999-00 DEL Champion, München Barons
* 2000-01 DEL All-Star
* 2000-01 DEL Best Defenseman, The Hockey News
# Sharpless

Sharpless is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bevan Sharpless (1904–1950), American solar system astronomer
* Christopher Sharpless (born 1945), American 1988 Winter Olympics bobsledder
* Isaac Sharpless (1848–1920), American educator
* Josh Sharpless (born 1988), American baseball player
* Karl Barry Sharpless (born 1941), American chemist and Nobel prize winner
* Mattie R. Sharpless (born 1942), American diplomat
* Nathan J. Sharpless (1823–1893), American politician from Pennsylvania
* Norman Sharpless (born 1966), American oncologist and director of the National Cancer Institute
* Stewart Sharpless (1926–2013), American galactic astronomer
** Sharpless catalog, a 20th-century astronomical catalog with 313 items
* Disappearance of Toni Sharpless (born 1979), American nurse who disappeared in 2009

## Fictional characters

* A character in Madama Butterfly
# Sharhabil Bin Hassneh EcoPark

The Sharhabil Bin Hassneh EcoPark is a nature reserve in northern Jordan managed by Friends of the Earth Middle East. In the early 2000s, Friends of the Earth Middle East (FoEME) mapped the area identifying environmental threats, and was given 11 hectares (110 dunums) of land by the Jordan Valley Authority, which includes the Ziqlab Dam. The EcoPark was established in 2004, when groups of volunteers began removing trash from the site and planting local plants and trees. The park had its official opening on 12 April 2011 under the patronage of Prince Hassan bin Talal. Furthermore, Jordanian Representatives and Senators were present, as was the European ambassador to Jordan. In addition to ecological restoration, Friends of the Earth Middle East created tourism infrastructure, including cabins, a welcome center, a conference room, a picnic area, a campsite, and several trails. The infrastructure is supported by sustainable energy and water use projects, including a waste-water treatment system, solar power, and energy efficient appliances. The park also sponsors environmental education activities and workshops.
# Shawn Powers

Shawn Powers (born July 19, 1975) is a journalist, open-source advocate, cartoonist, and an online personality. He is currently a co-host at FLOSS Weekly on the TWiT.tv network, a frequent guest host on the Reality 2.0 podcast, and an active blogger since 2006. Specializing in Linux, he is best known for his time as Associate Editor and columnist for Linux Journal from 2007 until its buyout in 2019. His first article, Build Your Own Arcade Game Player and Relive the '80s! was featured on the 2007 cover of Linux Journal. Powers became an editor of the magazine shortly thereafter, writing the monthly Current_Issue.tar.gz and UpFront columns and answering letters to the editor. He was also the main personality on the Linux Journal YouTube channel, and still creates content on his own channel.

## Career

Powers' professional career has focused on education. From 2000 to 2012, he was the Technology Director at Inland Lakes Schools in Indian River, Michigan. Then, from 2012 to 2013, he was assistant director of Database Services at Cornerstone University in Grand Rapids, Michigan. In addition, he has been a Linux and open-source trainer for CBT Nuggets from 2009 until the present day.
He has spoken at multiple conferences, including Southern California Linux Expo (SCaLE), Penguicon, Michigan Association for Educational Data Systems (MAEDS), and was keynote speaker at Ohio Linuxfest 2009.
His online comic MyBigRoundWorld has been active since 2021.

## Life

Powers spent his early years living in Detroit, MI. His family moved to northern Michigan in the late 80s, and he graduated from Cheboygan High School in 1993. He received several scholarships to attend Michigan Technological University, and worked toward an Electrical Engineering degree until he dropped out in 1995 to pursue computer networking. That year, he married Donna Powers (née Croft). They have 3 adult children and currently live in Petoskey, MI.
Due to injuries sustained from a March 1999 car accident, Powers was diagnosed with retrograde amnesia. He has gone on to speak publicly about the condition, giving interviews on the topic and raising awareness for closed head injuries.
In January 2010, Powers' home was destroyed by a fire. While the building's occupants escaped without injury, the family lost their pets to the incident.
# William David King

Sir William David King (1829 – 22 October 1902) was an English Liberal politician, auctioneer and four times Mayor of Portsmouth 1877–1878, 1878–1879, 1886–1887 and 1889–1890.

## Biography

King was born in Portsmouth 1829, the son of builder Joseph King, and was educated locally. He began his business at Midhurst, but in 1857 moved back to Portsmouth where he was established as an auctioneer linked with another future mayor of the city, Thomas King (not related). The firm of King & King, Auctioneers and Estate Agents, then traded from 130 Queen Street, Portsea.
King was elected to the city council in 1872, and was unanimously elected Mayor of Portsmouth in 1877–78, then re-elected for 1878–79. He was elected Alderman of the city in 1878. During his years as mayor he opened Victoria Park in May 1878, the first public park in the city, and the following year a hospital for the mentally ill. Ten years later, the city councillors wanted an experienced mayor for the year marking Queen Victoria′s golden jubilee, and he was re-elected for the year 1886–87. Portsmouth hosted the Review of the Fleet to mark the jubilee, and King was one of the ten English Mayors to be knighted in honour of the Jubilee. He received the honour at Osborne House on 2 August 1887, the first Portsmouth mayor to be so honoured for forty years.
King had been involved with the planning and building of a new town hall for the city during his years as mayor, and when it was finally finished in 1890, the council again elected him mayor for the year of the opening. The Portsmouth Town Hall was officially opened by the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra) in August 1890, with King as the host.
After stepping down from the mayoralty four the fourth time, King still continued as a prominent person in the city, with several directorships. He was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Hampshire.
King died at his residence Stratford Lodge, Southsea, on 22 October 1902.

## Family

King married, in 1853, Matilda Atkey, of Chichester. Lady King died in 1894.
# Niazi Mawlawi Baghdadi

Niazi Mawlawi Baghdadi (also given as Nazayi Mulawi Baghdadi) was a nineteenth century Iraqi painter, decorator and calligrapher, regarded as the first Iraqi artist to combine traditional practices within a modern style of art.

## Life and career

Virtually nothing is known of Niazi Mawlawi Baghdadi's early life. In 19th-century Iraq, mural painters were generally seen as artisans rather than artists and the distinction between artists and artists was not well defined. Muralists rarely signed their work, allowing their contributions to be forgotten with the passage of time. Only a few named individuals from this period are known, including the painter, Abbud 'the Jewish' Naqqash and the calligrapher, painter and decorator; Hashem al-Khattat ("Hashim, the Calligrapher", early 20th-century) and Niazi Mawlawi Baghdadi, but relatively few details of their lives and careers are known.
His name, "Baghdadi" suggests that he was either born or grew up in Baghdad. Details of his active career as an artist are sketchy and very little has been written about him. It was not until the artist, intellectual and art historian, Shakir Hassan Al Said wrote a revisionist history of Iraqi arts that the significance of the artist was revealed. Said provided evidence that Baghdadi was the earliest Iraqi artist to combine the Eastern tradition of miniature art with Western art methods, thereby predating the modern Iraq art movement by almost a century.
He was a Sufi (Muslim mystic) of the Mawlawi order, who was a master calligrapher in the Persian tradition. He was active from at least the 1840s when he and his contemporaries produced a number of wall murals for the interior walls of the Musiory Baghdad as well as for buildings in Basra and Sulaymaniyah. These works were often inspired by Iraqi folk heritage.
He painted miniatures in both watercolor and oil. These works synthesise text, ornamentation, and painting in ways that had not been done previously. Although he was influenced by the character of traditional manuscripts, he was able to circumvent the strict rules associated with classical calligraphy, and employed modern graphic techniques. He was "an artist ahead of his time...[who possessed] a bold vision that was achieved by other Iraqi and Arab artists only in the second half of the twentieth century."

## Work

His work is held in the National Gallery of Baghdad.
# 1943–44 Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball team

The 1943–44 Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball team represented Iowa State University during the 1943–44 NCAA men's basketball season. The Cyclones were coached by Louis Menze, who was in his sixteenth season with the Cyclones. They played their home games at the State Gymnasium in Ames, Iowa. The Cyclones qualified for the Final Four for the first time in school history, defeating Pepperdine in the NCAA Western Regional, before falling to Utah, 40–31. Initially, it was not even known if Iowa State would be able to fulfill its role in the postseason tournament, but they were ultimately able to do so. Star player Price Brookfield joined the Cyclones mid-season through the naval training program at Iowa State.

## Schedule

| Date time, TV | Opponent$^#$ | Result | Record | Site city, state |
| Regular season ||||||
| December 4, 1943* 7:30 pm | Iowa Pre-Flight | W 31–29 | 1–0 | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| December 18, 1943* 8:00 pm | at Minnesota | L 28–31 | 1–1 | Williams Arena Minneapolis |
| December 31, 1943* 7:30 pm | Drake Iowa Big Four | W 43–20 | 2–1 | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| January 3, 1944 | at Kansas State | W 42–33 | 3–1 (1–0) | Nichols Hall Manhattan, Kansas |
| January 8, 1944 | at Nebraska | W 56–24 | 4–1 (2–0) | Nebraska Coliseum Lincoln, Nebraska |
| January 15, 1944* 7:30 pm | Ottumwa Naval | W 60–37 | 5–1 | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| January 17, 1944* | at Iowa Pre-Flight | L 27–33 | 5–2 | Iowa City, Iowa |
| January 22, 1944 7:30 pm | Missouri | W 41–25 | 6–2 (3–0) | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| January 29, 1944 7:30 pm | Kansas | W 40–29 | 7–2 (4–0) | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| February 5, 1944 | at Oklahoma | W 41–39 | 8–2 (5–0) | OU Field House Norman, Oklahoma |
| February 9, 1944* 8:15 pm | at Drake | W 64–36 | 9–2 | Drake Fieldhouse Des Moines, Iowa |
| February 11, 1944 7:30 pm | Kansas State | W 47–20 | 10–2 (6–0) | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| February 14, 1944 | Nebraska | W 58–35 | 11–2 (7–0) | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| February 21, 1944 | at Missouri | W 43–32 | 12–2 (8–0) | Brewer Fieldhouse Columbia, Missouri |
| February 28, 1944 7:15 pm | Oklahoma | L 30–44 | 12–3 (8–1) | State Gymnasium Ames, Iowa |
| March 3, 1944 | at Kansas | W 47–25 | 13–3 (9–1) | Hoch Auditorium Lawrence, Kansas |
| Postseason ||||||
| March 24, 1944 9:30 pm | vs. Pepperdine NCAA tournament West Regional semifinals | W 44–39 | 14–3 | Municipal Auditorium (4,762) Kansas City, Missouri |
| March 25, 1944 | vs. Utah NCAA Tournament West Regional Finals (Final Four) | L 31–40 | 14–4 | Municipal Auditorium (5,112) Kansas City, Missouri |
| *Non-conference game. $^#$Rankings from AP poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. All times are in Central Time. ||||||
# Thomas Vaus

Thomas Vaus (also de Vaus, Vause) was a 15th-century Scottish royal official and cleric. He was a graduate of the University of Paris, being admitted there as a Bachelor ad eundem in 1445, graduating as a Licentiate in 1447. At some stage he completed an M.A., and bore the title of "Master". His brother Martin Vaus, later Dean of Ross, was at Paris with him. He became Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland and secretary of King James II of Scotland.
On 8 May 1456, he was provided to succeed James Inglis as Dean of Glasgow Cathedral. In the following year, Vaus was provided to bishopric of Galloway, vacant on the expected translation of Thomas Spens to the bishopric of Aberdeen on 21 November 1457. Unfortunately for Vaus, Spens' translation to Aberdeen was not effective, and while Spens was indeed successfully translated to Aberdeen in the following year, it was Ninian Spot, not Vaus, who on 15 December 1458 got the new provision to Galloway. The reasons for this change are not clear, but Thomas never became a consecrated Bishop of Galloway nor did he ever attain another bishopric.
In 1468, he exchanged the deanery of Glasgow with James Lindsay to become Precentor of Elgin Cathedral ("Precentor of Moray"). He was Dean of Fortrose Cathedral ("Dean of Ross") following the death of the previous dean David Ogilvie; this occurred perhaps as early as 18 May 1457, that is if Vaus is the same as the "Thomas Ross" provided in that year; he was certainly provided to the deanery by 21 October 1458,. This provision involved him in litigation with one David Balfour, who was said to have been in possession of the deanery on 25 June 1463. Thomas in turn was said to have been in possession of the deanery on 27 September 1466; but sometime between the last date and 14 May 1468 Thomas resigned it to the Bishop of Aberdeen, who in turn collated Thomas' brother Martin to the deanery.
Thomas Vaus resigned, sometime between 4 August 1478 and 8 June 1480, the precentorship of Moray to his relative Alexander Vaus, not to be confused with Alexander Vaus the bishop. Little is heard of Thomas after this.
# Striate slitshell

The striate slitshell, scientific name Gyrotoma lewisii, was a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pleuroceridae. This species was endemic to the United States. It is now extinct.
# 1985 Niue League Championship

The 1985 Niue League Championship was an edition of the Niue League Championship. The league consisted of two divisions, with a total of 19 participating teams from 16 clubs.

## Venues

1985 Niue League Championship venues :
* Alofi
* Niue High School
* Capacity: Unknown
* Tuapa
* Tuapa Village Park
* Capacity: Unknown

## Division One

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Alofi (C) | 9 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 9 | +22 | 16 |
| 2 | Hakupu | 9 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 8 | +23 | 16 |
| 3 | Tuapa | 9 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 19 | 12 | +7 | 12 |
| 4 | Avatele | 9 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 22 | 14 | +8 | 9 |
| 5 | Tomakakautoga | 9 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 13 | 15 | −2 | 9 |
| 6 | Liku | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 21 | −6 | 8 |
| 7 | Mutalau | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 15 | 29 | −14 | 6 |
| 8 | Alofi B | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 17 | −7 | 6 |
| 9 | Makefu | 9 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 21 | −9 | 5 |
| 10 | Lakepa | 9 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 12 | 28 | −16 | 4 |

### Championship Play Off

As Hakupu and Alofi finished the league with the same amount of points, the league committee determined that the two teams should play a single match to determine the championship. Hakupu protested the match, as they believed that the title should have been awarded to them due to the better goal difference.

## Division Two

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Hakupu B | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 4 | +33 | 16 |
| 2 | Combine Brothers | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 32 | 14 | +18 | 12 |
| 3 | Tomakakautoga B | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 28 | 10 | +18 | 12 |
| 4 | Avatele B | 8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 12 | +2 | 8 |
| 5 | Cool and The Gang | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 22 | 16 | +6 | 8 |
| 6 | Talava | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 18 | 15 | +3 | 7 |
| 7 | Alofi C | 8 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 18 | 22 | −4 | 6 |
| 8 | Tuapa B | 8 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 47 | −36 | 3 |
| 9 | Mutalau B | 8 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 12 | 44 | −32 | 0 |
# Khair Khaneh

Khair Khaneh is an archaeological site located near Kabul, Afghanistan that was excavated in the 1930s by Joseph Hackin.
* Map of Khair Khaneh, near Kabul
* Khair Khaneh excavations in 1933
* Khair Khaneh ruins
* Khair Khaneh sanctuary: a donor wearing a tunic, boots and a sword.
* Seated Avalokiteshvara, white marble, Khair Khaneh, 6th-7th century CE. Musée Guimet MA 8151.
* Khair Khaneh sanctuary (reconstitution by Jean Carl)
# Supernova impostor

Supernova impostors are stellar explosions that appear at first to be a supernova but do not destroy their progenitor stars. As such, they are a class of extra-powerful novae. They are also known as Type V supernovae, Eta Carinae analogs, and giant eruptions of luminous blue variables (LBV).

## Appearance, origin and mass loss

Supernova impostors appear as remarkably faint supernovae of spectral type IIn—which have hydrogen in their spectrum and narrow spectral lines that indicate relatively low gas speeds. These impostors exceed their pre-outburst states by several magnitudes, with typical peak absolute visual magnitudes of −11 to −14, making these outbursts as bright as the most luminous stars. The trigger mechanism of these outbursts remains unexplained, though it is thought to be caused by violating the classical Eddington luminosity limit, initiating severe mass loss. If the ratio of radiated energy to kinetic energy is near unity, as in Eta Carinae, then we might expect an ejected mass of about 0.16 solar masses.

## Examples

Possible examples of supernova impostors include the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, P Cygni, SN 1961V, SN 1954J, SN 1997bs, SN 2008S in NGC 6946, and SN 2010dn where detections of the surviving progenitor stars are claimed.
One supernova impostor that made news after the fact was the one observed on October 20, 2004, in the galaxy UGC 4904 by Japanese amateur astronomer Kōichi Itagaki. This LBV star exploded just two years later, on October 11, 2006, as supernova SN 2006jc.