OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Albie Lopez

Albert Anthony "Albie" Lopez (born August 18, 1971) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher. He graduated from Mesa Community College. He was drafted by the Cleveland Indians in the 20th round of the 1991 Major League Baseball draft. Lopez spent five years with the Indians, compiling a record of 12–14 with a 5.99 ERA between 1993 and 1997.
Lopez was selected by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in the second round (48th pick overall) of the expansion draft in 1997. In 1998, Lopez had a career best 2.60 ERA in 54 games for the expansion team Devil Rays.
In 1999, his ERA rose to 4.64 while appearing in 51 games. In 2000, Lopez was a swingman, appearing in 45 games while also starting 24 games for the Devil Rays. He won a career-high 11 games while throwing 4 complete games and 2 saves.
The Devil Rays then traded Lopez to the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2001 after going 5–12 in 20 starts for the Devil Rays. With the Diamondbacks, Lopez recorded 4 wins in 13 starts. Between both clubs, Lopez finished the 2001 season with a major league leading 19 losses, although not officially leading any league due to him having been traded and splitting time between both leagues. He was part of the 2001 World Series winning team over the New York Yankees. Lopez was criticized for his poor performance on the team, which led him to sign with the Atlanta Braves at the end of that season. Lopez was 1–4 in 55.2 innings for the Braves.
He then signed with the Kansas City Royals for the 2003 season. Despite having a record of 4–2 in 15 games, his ERA sat at 12.71 for the Royals, which prompted them to releasing Lopez.
Lopez then signed a minor league contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 2005, but was released on March 23, 2005. He signed with the Seattle Mariners on April 19, 2005, but was released just under a month later on May 15.
During an 11-year baseball career, Lopez compiled 47 wins, 558 strikeouts, and a 4.94 earned run average. He was an Eastern League All-Star with the Canton–Akron Indians, which was the Indians' Double A affiliate in 1993. Lopez pitched during the 2011 season for the Edmonton Capitals of the North American League.
# Muhammad Shah Mir

Muhammad Shah Mir (Kashmiri: محمد شاہ میر) also simply known as Muhammad Shah (Kashmiri: محمد شاہ), was a member of the Shah Mir dynasty who served as the 12th Sultan of Kashmir.

## Life

Muhammad Shah was the member of Shah-Mir dynasty, the powerful dynasty of Kashmir. He came to power in 1484 and he succeeded Hasan Shah. He had five separate reigns from 1484 to 1537.
He was succeeded by Fath Shah three times. He was succeeded by Ibrahim Shah after his fourth reign ended. He was succeeded by Sultan Shams-ud-Din after his death.
# Island 88

Island 88, formerly known as Island Plaza, is a shopping mall within George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. Located at the suburb of Tanjong Tokong, the 500,000 sq ft (46,000 m$^2$) retail complex was opened in 1995. After facing a decline due to the emergence of newer shopping malls throughout George Town, it was rebranded as Island 88 in 2023 by Hong Kong real estate tycoon Paul Law.

## History

Island Plaza was launched in 1995 at a cost of RM200 million. Touted as the most luxurious retail complex in Penang at that time, it was at the forefront of introducing high-end brands like Versace, Fila, Oshkosh B'gosh and Mizuno into Penang. In 2005, Metrojaya became Island Plaza's anchor tenant by opening its first department store in Penang within the mall.
The Asian Retail Mall Fund II (ARMF II), a real estate fund managed by Primerica, purchased Island Plaza in 2007 and spent RM40 million on its renovation. However, due to the emergence of numerous shopping malls throughout George Town and the lengthy renovation, Island Plaza began to decline gradually. Metrojaya's department store was closed in 2011, and ARMF II started looking for investors to sell Island Plaza.
In 2020, just before the Movement Control Order caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, Paul Law, a Hong Kong property magnate, acquired Island Plaza for an undisclosed sum. The mall underwent rebranding in 2023 and was renamed Island 88. The revitalisation of Island 88 will involve the integration of Hong Kong-inspired dining establishments and lifestyle outlets.

## Location

Island 88 is situated opposite City Residence, at Jalan Tanjong Tokong, the main thoroughfare running through Tanjong Tokong.
# Dimitri Isler

Dimitri Isler (born 14 May 1993) is a Swiss male freestyle skier. He competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics and took part in the men's aerials event finishing on 12th position.
Isler also competed in the Freestyle-Skiing-Weltmeisterschaften 2019 in Deer Valley, USA. Dimitri Isler competed in the final and ranked 11th. At the FIS Freestyle World Championship 2017 Sierra Nevada, Spain and FIS Freestyle World Championship 2015 in Kreischberg, Austria he missed the final by one place and ranked 13th.
Dimitri Isler won the FIS AERIALS European Cup overall in Aerials Skiing back to back in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. Isler retired in 2019.
# Abraham Kuhn

Abraham Kuhn (January 28, 1838 – September 15, 1900) was an Alsatian otolaryngologist born in Bissersheim, Rhineland-Palatinate.
He studied under Anton von Tröltsch (1829–1890) at the University of Würzburg, then continued his education at the École de Médecine in Strasbourg. In 1870, he published his French translation of Tröltsch's Lehrbuch der Ohrenheilkunde, with the title Traité pratique des maladies de l'oreille.
During the Franco-Prussian War he served with the Croix-Rouge (French Red Cross) on the battlefields of Wissembourg and Wörth. In 1873 he became a lecturer at the renamed Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universität in Strassburg, where in 1881 he was appointed associate professor of otolaryngology and director of the clinic of ear diseases. After his death, he was succeeded at Strassburg by Paul Manasse.
During his career, Kuhn was one of only a handful of professors in Germany who specialized in the field of otology. Much of his scientific research dealt with comparative anatomy of the ear, in particular the labyrinth of the inner ear. He also made significant contributions on the diagnosis and treatment of ear tumors.

## Selected writings

* Traité pratique des maladies de l'oreille (Paris 1870), translation with D.M. Levi of Anton Friedrich von Tröltsch's Lehrbuch der Ohrenheilkunde.
* Histologie des Häutigen Labyrinthes der Knochenfische (Leipzig 1878).
* Neubildungen des Ohres und Vergleichende Anatomie des Ohres in: Hermann Schwartze's "Handbuch für Ohrenheilkunde" (Leipzig 1893).
# Are You Afraid of the Dark? The Tale of Orpheo's Curse

Are You Afraid of the Dark: The Tale of Orpheo's Curse is a 1994 video game for DOS and Macintosh, developed by Viacom New Media. It is based on the TV show Are You Afraid of the Dark?, and has been described as a Myst clone with Myst-like graphics. Producers from the network behind the brand collaborated with developers and oversaw the games.

## History

Donna L. Friedman served as managing producer for Nickelodeon Interactive/Viacom New Media, where she led Nickelodeon's entry into the multimedia publishing business with games such as Are You Afraid of the Dark? and The Tale of Orpheo's Curse. A.l. Nilsen, VP-marketing for Viacom New Media, said "We have gone to great lengths to re-create the actual text and content of the TV programs our viewers enjoy in an interactive platform." Louis Fournier, Cinar VP of sales and marketing said "the CD-ROM is the strongest extension of the TV show that you’ll find today. And it is reaching the audience in a different fashion; the CD-ROM will enrich the viewers". Raymond Benson co-designed the game and wrote the screenplay.
The game was part of a trend that saw Hollywood studios making video game adaptions of projects. This posed a challenge for the Screen Actors Guild due to residuals, actor salaries, dense scripts, and the realities of filming.
In December 1994, Viacom was in the final testing phase of the game. The game didn't receive much advertising, and as a result, is rare.

## Critical reception

Much of the critical reception surrounded the game's lack of violence.
Mr. Bill's Adventureland said the game was "engrossing entertainment". Electronic Entertainment felt the game offered "limitless possibilities". The Washington Post wrote the game is "proof that interactive fiction doesn't need violence, gore or sex". (This was only a year or two after the video game violence congressional hearings over Mortal Kombat and Night Trap.) Sun-Sentinel said the game had a spooky atmosphere but was ultimately harmless. Just Adventure deemed it a great game for kids, and bemoaned its lack of sequels. Machome felt the non-violent theme would be appealing to parents. Gamecreate deemed it "clunky". Adventure Gamers wrote that at the core of the title is a clever idea, implemented well.
# Government of Arunachal Pradesh

The Government of Arunachal Pradesh or Arunachal Pradesh Government, abbreviated as GoAR, is the state government of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It consists of an executive, led by the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh, a judiciary and a legislative branch.
Like other states in India, the head of state of Arunachal Pradesh is the Governor, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Central government. The office of the governor post is largely ceremonial. The Chief Minister is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. Itanagar is the capital of Arunachal Pradesh, and houses the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly and the secretariat. The Gauhati High Court, Itanagar Permanent bench at Naharlagun exercises the jurisdiction and powers in respect of cases arising in the State of Arunachal Pradesh.
The present Legislative Assembly of Arunachal Pradesh is unicameral, consisting of 60 Members of the Legislative Assembly (M.L.A). Its term is 5 years, unless sooner dissolved.

## Council of ministers

| Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Chief Minister | Pema Khandu | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Deputy Chief Ministers ||||||
| Deputy Chief Minister Finance, Planning and Investment, Tax & Excise, State Lotteries, Economics & Statistics, and Power and Non-Conventional Energy Resources | Chowna Mein | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Cabinet Ministers ||||||
| Rural Development & Panchayati Raj, Cooperation and Transport | Ojing Tasing | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Law, Legislative and Justice, Social Justice, Empowerment & Tribal Affairs, and Sports & Youth Affairs | Kento Jini | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Urban Affairs, Land Management, and Civil Aviation | Balo Raja | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Home and Inter State Border Affairs, Public Health Engineering & Water Supply, Department of Indigenous Affairs | Mama Natung | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Women & Child Development, Cultural Affairs, and Science & Technology | Dasanglu Pul | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Education, Rural Works, Parliamentary Affairs, Tourism, and Libraries as a Cabinet Minister | Pasang Dorjee Sona | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, Dairy Development, Fisheries, Food & Civil Supplies, and Consumer Affairs | Gabriel Denwang Wangsu | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Environment & Forests, Geology, Mining & Minerals, and the Department of Tirap, Changlang, and Longding | Wangki Lowang | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Commerce & Industries, Labour & Employment, and Information & Public Relations & Printing. | Nyato Dukam | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
| Health & Family Welfare and Water Resources departments | Biyuram Wahge | 13 June 2024 | Incumbent | BJP |
# Mawogola County

Mawogola County is a county in the Central Region of Uganda.

## Location

Mawogola County is west and south of Lwemiyaga County, and together they form Sembabule District. Among the sub-counties that constitute Mawogola County are (a) Lwebitakuli sub-county (b) Lugusulu sub-county (c) Mateete sub-county (d) Mijwala sub-county and (e) Sembabule Town Council.

## Overview

Mawogola County lies in the dry cattle corridor of Uganda. The major economic activity is farming of both crops and animals.
# Knee of a curve

In mathematics, a knee of a curve (or elbow of a curve) is a point where the curve visibly bends, specifically from high slope to low slope (flat or close to flat), or in the other direction. This is particularly used in optimization, where a knee point is the optimum point for some decision, for example when there is an increasing function and a trade-off between the benefit (vertical y axis) and the cost (horizontal x axis): the knee is where the benefit is no longer increasing rapidly, and is no longer worth the cost of further increases – a cutoff point of diminishing returns.
In heuristic use, the term may be used informally, and a knee point identified visually, but in more formal use an explicit objective function is used, and depends on the particular optimization problem. A knee may also be defined purely geometrically, in terms of the curvature or the second derivative.

## Definitions

The knee of a curve can be defined as a vertex of the graph. This corresponds with the graphical intuition (it is where the curvature has a maximum), but depends on the choice of scale.
The term "knee" as applied to curves dates at least to the 1910s, and is found more commonly by the 1940s, being common enough to draw criticism. The unabridged Webster's Dictionary (1971 edition) gives definition 3h of knee as:
   an abrupt change in direction in a curve (as on a graph); esp one approaching a right angle in shape.

## Criticism

Graphical notions of a "knee" of a curve, based on curvature, are criticized due to their dependence on the coordinate scale: different choices of scale result in different points being the "knee". This criticism dates at least to the 1940s, being found in Worthing & Geffner (1943, Preface), who criticize:
   references to the significance of a so-called knee of a curve when the location of the knee was a function of the chosen coordinate scales

## Detection methods

The Kneedle algorithm The algorithm detects the best balanced tradeoff based on the mathematical curvature concept, which is defined and well studied for continuous functions. Alternatively, the kneepointDetection function from the SamSPECTRAL R package can be used to find the knee point, where is a "phase change" in the data, by fitting two lines using linear regression.

## Applications

* Elbow method
* Maximum power point tracking
# Camp Cuba Libre

Camp Cuba Libre was a rallying point for American forces during the Spanish–American War. Established in Jacksonville, Florida, in May 1898, it was constructed after forces assembling in Tampa became too crowded, and was the rallying point for Maj. General Fitzhugh Lee's Seventh Corps.

## Early 1898

The camp was originally known as Camp Springfield, taking the name of the area north of downtown Jacksonville. The boundaries of the camp were set by "Ionia Street on the east, 8th street on the north, Main Street on the west, and 1st street on the south." The camp saw its greatest activity as the rallying point for the 30,000 men of the Seventh Corps shortly after its construction. As an overflow camp, supplies were scarce, and resources were being directed towards the Fifth and Eighth Corps, which were being deployed to the Philippines and Cuba.

## Women at Camp Cuba Libre

The Spanish–American War was one of the first wars in which nurses were used in an institutional capacity. The Daughters of the American Revolution Hospital Corps contracted four Catholic Lakota nuns as nurses who were sent to Camp Cuba Libre, before being assigned to Camp Columbia in Havana.
White female nurses from the north who were serving with the Red Cross reported the suspicion with which they were received at Cuba Libre by the chief surgeon, who questioned the need for his staff to be aided by female nurses, channeling the suspicion that women volunteering for intimate contact with male soldiers were "camp followers" (a euphemistic term for prostitutes who opportunistically followed armies). To counter this perception, Chief Nurse Edna Copeland instituted "strict sexual surveillance" on her nurses, which seemed to prompt accusations of misconduct by the women at one another.
# Kolkata Light Rail Transit

Kolkata Light Rail Transit (KLRT) is a mass rapid transit system proposed for the city of Kolkata in India. The Government of West Bengal and SREI Infrastructure Finance signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to set up the light rail transit (LRT) system. A special purpose vehicle, Kolkata Mass Rapid Transit Pvt Ltd has been formed to execute this Rs.6000 crore project.

## History

April 2002: The Master Plan for Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA) for 2025 was submitted for the approval by the Metropolitan Planning Committee. It was proposed to be executed soon after securing agreement from the Chief Minister of West Bengal, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee. It was suggested in the feasibility report that it will work well as an intermediate system for some selected corridors. The search for funding started and it did not sound much in public.
2004: The Kolkata government wanted assistance from the central government which agreed to provide assistance for one major transit system project. Bhattacharjee chose LRTS over the East-West Metro corridor for the assistance and asked the state transport secretary to prepare a revised feasibility study.
April 2005: The feasibility study by CES termed it as EMRTS (Elevated Mass Rapid Transit System) and proposed three corridors, all terminating at Esplanade. The rolling stock they proposed was high speed trams.
February 2009: The LRTS project was listed under JNNURM. It was to be jointly executed by SREI and the Czech-based AMEX Corporation on a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) basis. It was also proposed to make the LRTS station at Barrackpore a terminal point connecting it with the main line station. Mr. Hemant Kanoria, Chairman and Managing Director of Srei Infrastructure Limited signed an MOU with the Government of West Bengal to execute this project along with their consortium partners.
February 2020: The Housing Infrastructure Development Corporation (Hidco) is engaging a consultant to prepare a project proposal for either a ropeway system or a personalized rapid transit or a light rail transit (LRT) system from New Town's Action Area III to the Biswa Bangla Gate on the Narkeldanga intersection of the main arterial road in Action Area I.

## Corridors

* Corridor 1: Joka — Esplanade.
* Corridor 2: Esplanade — Barrackpore.
* Corridor 3: New Town (Narkelbagan) — Hatisala.
# J. Chokka Rao Devadula Lift Irrigation Scheme

The J. Chokka Rao Devadula lift irrigation scheme is a lift irrigation scheme in India. It is the second biggest of its kind in Asia. Devadula is the place in Mulugu District, Telangana, where the scheme's intake well is located. The foundation stone for this scheme was laid by the Chief Minister of Combined State Shri. Nara Chandra Babu Naidu in the year 2001.

## The Project

The project is specially designed to lift water from the River Godavari to irrigate more than 600,000 acres (2,400 km$^2$) in the drought-prone Telangana state, India. Later it was named after the politician J. Chokkarao as the 'J. Chokkarao Devadula lift irrigation scheme'. The total work was divided into three phases for executional convenience in the year 2003.
The minimum river water level required is 73 m MSL in the river to pump the water, whereas the non-monsoon / lean season river water level is below 71 m MSL. Across the Godavari river, Sammakka Barrage with FRl at 85 m MSL is in an advanced stage of construction to make water available to the pump house in all seasons.
The maximum water lift is by 510 meters. The project's operational requirement is 484 MW power and 1.4 billion KWh of electrical energy annually for pumping 38 Tmcft water. This lift canal is an inter-river basin transfer link by feeding Godavari River water to Krishna River basin in Warangal and Nalgonda districts.

## Honour

The project was renamed to honour J. Chokka Rao, a freedom fighter from Karimnagar.
# Amalda abyssicola

Amalda abyssicola is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ancillariidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 13.5 mm, its diameter 6 mm.
(Original description) The shell is acuminately oval, whitish, with a yellowish tint on the body whorl, and faint traces of brown lines at the suture and balteus. It is thin and translucent, with a conical spire that is blunt at the porcellaneous apex.
There are approximately four whorls, with the sutures filled by a thick enamel layer. The sides of the spire are nearly straight, and the greatest convexity of the shell lies in the lower portion. The surface is sculpted with fine growth striae, which become coarser near the aperture, along with very fine spiral striations, and one groove above the undivided, white balteus. There is no tooth. The aperture is oval, with a thin outer margin, and the columellar margin is arched, covered by a relatively thick layer of enamel on the body whorl and a few short folds near the base. The sinus is broad and shallow.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Banda Sea, Indonesia.
# Josh Tatupu

Josh Tatupu (born 6 November 1986) is a New Zealand-born Samoan rugby league and rugby union footballer. It was announced on 31 March 2011 that Tatupu had signed for Aviva Premiership side Exeter Chiefs.

## Career

Tatupu started playing Rugby league for Australian Rugby League outfit Melbourne Storm before transferring to Rugby Union to join Super Rugby side Western Force.
Tatupu made his debut for the Western Force in 2008 against the Lions in Johannesburg. Tatupu is also a former league player having represented Samoa. After leaving Western Force he joined Otago in the NPC before joining French side Castres. It was announced on 31 March 2011 that Tatupu will join English side Exeter Chiefs.
On 16 May 2013 French Pro D2 side US Carcassonne side announced on their official website that they had signed Tatupu on a two-year deal.