OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Doğan Güzel

Doğan Güzel is a Kurdish Turkish-born cartoonist. He is best known for his satirical comic strip Qirix.

## Early life

Doğan Güzel is from Diyarbakır, a city in southeastern Turkey that is the unofficial capital of the region of Turkish Kurdistan.

## Career

Doğan Güzel initially drew his comic strip Qirix for the newspaper Özgür Gündem from 1992 to 1995. "Qirix" is a pejorative name for a Kurdish masculine character type and the strip follows one example named Keko.
On 31 July 1998 Güzel was arrested and imprisoned in Istanbul's Bayrampasa Prison for four 1993 cartoons he drew for the pro-Kurdish publications Özgür Gündem and Özgür Ülke. Each cartoon included the phrase "Khape TC", which is usually translated as "the lax or weak Republic of Turkey," though the slang word "khape" also means "prostitute" or " bastard." He was sentenced to forty months – ten months for each cartoon – in prison for "insulting the State" under Article 159 of the Turkish Penal Code, which criminalizes a wide-range of expression. (It was replaced in 2005 with Article 301.) He spent a year in prison before he was pardoned and released on 16 September 1999 by Turkish President Süleyman Demirel. Güzel was awarded the first annual Award for Courage in Editorial Cartooning by the Cartoonists Rights Network International in 1999.
In 2012, Güzel sought political asylum in Spain, moved to Seville, and became a naturalized Spanish citizen.
When visiting Istanbul, Güzel was again arrested at the offices of Özgür Gündem on 17 August 2016. In the wake of the July 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt, the government of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan closed over 100 media outlets and arrested dozens of journalists. A court ruled that Özgür Gündem was a "mouthpiece" of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party and thus publishing “a terrorist organization’s propaganda." Police raided the offices of Özgür Gündem, seizing computers, beating journalists, and yelling "Armenians, Jews, sons of Lenin; you are going to find out about the strength of the Turkish state." Doğan Güzel was arrested along with nearly two dozen journalists. A photograph of Güzel in police custody with his shirt nearly torn off became a symbol for those protesting attacks on the Turkish press. Güzel and 22 journalists were released two days later.
In addition to his work as a newspaper cartoonist, Güzel contributed to the magazine Meme and illustrated the 1998 historical novel Ataların Karşılaşması by Cemal Resid Ahmed.
# Steve Tupper

Steve Tupper (6 February 1941 in Vancouver – 4 July 2016) was a Canadian sailor who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Antonio Ciciliano

Antonio Ciciliano (3 November 1932 – 4 September 2015) was an Italian competitive sailor and Olympic medalist. He won a bronze medal in the Dragon class at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.
# Enrico Fabris

Enrico Fabris (born 5 October 1981) is an Italian former long track speed skater who has won three World Cup races and became the first European Allround Champion from Italy when he won the 2006 European Championships one month before the Winter Olympics in Turin. In 2007 he won also the silver medal and in 2008 the bronze medal. Fabris is also a six-time Italian Allround Champion.

## Career

At the 2006 Olympics he won a bronze medal in the men's 5,000 m event, Italy's first-ever Olympic medal in speed skating. Five days later, he was in the winning team on the team pursuit event, to claim Italy's first Olympic speed skating gold. With a time of one minute, 45.97 seconds in the 1,500 m race, Fabris claimed his third medal and defeated American favourites Shani Davis and Chad Hedrick to become the first non-American to win an individual men's event through the first four races of the Turin Winter Games. On 10 November 2007 he took the 5,000 meter world record with 6:07.40, which he lost one week later, when Sven Kramer skated faster in Calgary.

## Records
### Personal records

| Distance | Time (min:sec.dec) | Place | Date |
| 500 m | 35.99 | Calgary-Olympic Oval | 18 Mar 2006 |
| 1,000 m | 1:09.68 | Turin-Oval Lingotto | 20 Jan 2007 |
| 1,500 m | 1:43.68 | Salt Lake City-Kearns | 9 Nov 2007 |
| 3,000 m | 3:40.23 | Calgary-Olympic Oval | 5 Nov 2007 |
| 5,000 m | 6:06.06 | Salt Lake City-Kearns | 12 Dec 2009 |
| 10,000 m | 13:10.60 | Calgary-Olympic Oval | 19 Mar 2006 |
As of 2019, he is in 12th position in the Adelskalender with 146.619 points.
Source: SpeedskatingResults.com

### World records

| Event | Time | Date | Venue |
| 5000 m | 6:07.40 | November 10, 2007 | Salt Lake City |
Source: SpeedSkatingStats.com
# Gray's monitor

The Gray's monitor (Varanus olivaceus) is a large (180 cm, >9 kg) monitor lizard known only from lowland dipterocarp forest in southern Luzon, Catanduanes, and Polillo Island, all islands in the Philippines. It is also known as Gray's monitor lizard, butaan, and ornate monitor. It belongs to the subgenus Philippinosaurus. It is largely arboreal and extremely shy. The population of northern Luzon was formerly included in the Gray's monitor, but has been recognized as a separate species, the northern Sierra Madre forest monitor (V. bitatawa), since 2010.

## Ecology
### Diet

It is well known for its diet, which consists primarily of ripe fruit, especially Pandanus. A number of prey items are, however, also consumed, including snails, crabs, spiders, beetles, birds and eggs. Monitors are generally carnivorous animals, which makes the Gray's monitor somewhat of an exception amongst the varanid family. Such an unusual diet may be as a result of competition over food with the water monitors, which share their range. One of the only fruits readily eaten by this species in captivity is grapes, with these and fruit powder supplementing a captive diet of insects and rodents.

### Reproduction

Details of the breeding habits of this species, certainly in the wild, are very limited due to the secretive nature of this species. The optimum egg-laying time for this species is known to be between July and October, when a clutch of up to 11 eggs will be laid. Rather than digging a nest, the most likely place for this species to lay eggs is thought to be in tree hollows, where they also spend much of their days resting. Young are often observed at their smallest in May to July, and as such estimates of incubation time lay at around 300 days. In captivity, however, incubation has been recorded over 219 days.

## Conservation
### Threats

It is classed as vulnerable by the IUCN because much of its habitat has been destroyed over the last century, and it is now thought to occupy a highly fragmented area smaller than 20,000 km$^2$ (7,700 sq mi). In addition to habitat destruction, they are threatened by hunting for food and illegal collection for the pet trade.

### In captivity

This species is regularly observed being illegally sold in the Philippine pet trade.
Among others, this species is on display at the following zoos outside the Philippines:
* Los Angeles Zoo
* Oklahoma City Zoo and Botanical Garden
* Protvin Krokozoo
* Plzen Zoo
* Brookfield Zoo
* San Diego Zoo
* Bronx Zoo
* Fresno Chaffee Zoo
One Philippine zoo, Avilon Zoo, has achieved successful breeding of this species. For many years, the only report of a breeding outside of the Philippines was a single baby hatched at the Dallas Zoo in 1994, until the LA Zoo hatched them for the first time in 2015. Dallas gave their two female monitors to the Oklahoma City Zoo in May 2013.
* Bronx Zoo, 2024
# Gomanta kingdom

Gomanta was a kingdom mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. It was an extension of the kingdom of Yadavas at Dwaraka. It is identified to be the Goa state of India, situated in the western coast. It was the southernmost extent of the region, occupied by the Yadava clans, finding explicit mention in Mahabharata.

## References in Mahabharata

Gomanta was mentioned as a kingdom of Ancient India (Bharata Varsha) along with the Mandakas, the Shandas, the Vidharbas etc. (6,9).

### Establishment of Gomanta kingdom by Yadavas

The Yadavas of Mathura, the capital of Surasena kingdom, fled from there due to the continuous attack of Magadha king Jarasandha. They have reached as far south as Gomanta, the modern Indian state called Goa.
The unrighteous king of Surasena Kingdom, viz Kansa was slain by Vasudeva Krishna. Kansa's wives, Asti and Prapti, where the daughters of Jarasandha, the king of Magadha. He attacked the kinsmen of Krishna. The Surasena Yadavas, consisting of the eighteen younger branches of the Yadavas with their 18000 brothers and cousins, arrived at the conclusion that even if they fight continually they still could be unable to do anything unto Jarasandha even in 300 years. They fled from Mathura, towards west. They rebuilt the old town of Kusasthali(see:Cortalim), and renamed it Dwaraka. It was a Yadava stronghold. Yet, due to the oppressions of Jarasandha, Yadavas where obliged to migrate further south, to the mountains of Gomanta, measuring three Yojanas (a unit of length) in length. Within each yojana were established, 21 posts of armed men. And at intervals of each yojana were 100 gates with arches which were defended by valiant heroes engaged in guarding them. Innumerable Kshatriyas invincible in war, belonging to the eighteen younger branches of the Yadavas, were employed in defending these works. (2,14)
Bhoja Dynasty that ruled Goa from at least 3rd century AD to the 6th century AD are sometime identified as descendants of the Yadavas, and are also mentioned in Bhavishya Purana.

### Other references

In the Krauncha island, there is a mountain called Maha-krauncha that is a mine of all kinds of gems. There is another mountain called Gomanta that is huge and consists of all kinds of metals. (9,

## In popular culture

Today the highest civilian honour of the state of Goa is called Gomant Vibhushan. It is given annually by Government of Goa since 2010.
# Thomas Curson Hansard

Thomas Curson Hansard (6 November 1776 – 5 May 1833) was an English pressman, son of the printer Luke Hansard.

## Early life and education

Hansard was born in Clerkenwell, currently within the borders of London but at the time part of Finsbury division, Ossulstone, Middlesex.

## Career

In 1803, he established a press of his own in Paternoster Row. In the same year, William Cobbett, a newspaperman, began to print the Parliamentary Debates. At first, these were not independent reports, but were taken from newspapers' accounts of parliamentary debate.
In 1809, Hansard started to print Cobbett's reports. Together, they also published a pamphlet describing an incident in which German mercenaries had flogged British soldiers for mutiny; as a result Hansard was imprisoned on 9 July 1810 in King's Bench Prison for libel. In 1812, facing bankruptcy, Cobbett sold the publication to Hansard, who continued to publish it for the rest of his life. In 1829, he added his own name to the parliamentary proceedings, giving it the title Hansard that it bears to this day.
Hansard was the author of Typographia, an Historical Sketch of the Origin and Progress of the Art of Printing, published in 1825.

## Death

Hansard died in 1833 on New Bridge Street in Blackfriars, London.

## Firm

The original business remained in the hands of his younger brothers, James and Luke Graves Hansard (1777–1851). The firm was prosecuted in 1837 by John Joseph Stockdale for printing by order of the House of Commons, in an official report of the inspector of prisons, statements regarded by the plaintiff as libellous. Hansard's sheltered itself on the ground of parliamentary privilege, but it was not until after much litigation that the security of the printers of government reports was guaranteed by statute in 1840.
After 1889, the debates were published by the Hansard Publishing Union Limited.
# Abu'l-Tayyib Ahmad ibn Ali al-Madhara'i

Abu'l-Tayyib Ahmad ibn Ali al-Madhara'i (died 915) was a member of the bureaucratic al-Madhara'i dynasty of fiscal officials, and served as director of finances of Egypt for the Tulunid dynasty during its last decades.

## Life

Ahmad was a son of Ali ibn Ahmad al-Madhara'i and grandson of the family's founder, Abu Bakr Ahmad. Abu Bakr had been named controller of finances by the autonomous ruler of Egypt and Syria, Ahmad ibn Tulun, and had in turn named Ali as his representative in Egypt and another son, al-Husayn, as his representative in Syria. After Abu Bakr died in 884, Ali became vizier of the Tulunid domains until his murder in 896. Ahmad succeeded his father as fiscal director of Egypt, while his uncle al-Husayn held the analogous post in Syria, until the end of the Tulunid dynasty in 904–5. Ahmad's brother Muhammad became vizier in their father's place in 896–904. After the Abbasids re-established direct control over the former Tulunid domains in 904–5, Ahmad was replaced in Egypt by his uncle al-Husayn. He died in 915.
# Diversions (album)

Diversions is a 1987 album (LP Vinyl) released by the California State University, Los Angeles Jazz Ensemble, it featured the Charles Richard Suite for Jazz Orchestra which was premiered by Dave Edwards earlier that year. This group proved to be one of the finest college jazz orchestras of that era with having placed in the finals of the Pacific Coast Collegiate Jazz Festival. The jazz band had numerous student musicians that have made a name for themselves as professionals to include Sharon Hirata, Luis Bonilla, Jack Cooper, Charlie Richard, Eric "Bobo" Correa, Vince Dublino, Alan Parr, and José Arellano.

## Background

In 1984 and 1985 the California State University, Los Angeles Music Department and CSULA Associated Students decided to fund LP recordings of the jazz ensemble to better serve as a teaching tool for student music, jazz groups. Diversions is the third of six albums to come from CSULA during the 1980s featuring the award-winning CSULA #1 Jazz Ensemble. The LP contains tracks from the #1 CSULA Jazz Ensemble to include compositions of four students and from the director (professor David Caffey). The group was fortunate enough to have the assistance or both George Stone on piano for the recording and world-class saxophonist Dave Edwards who premiered Charlie Richard's work earlier that academic year.
The qualities of the LP that set it apart from numerous university jazz records of that era is the fact it was entirely written and composed by the students and faculty of CSULA at such a high level; also this being the third LP in a row CSULA had done this. There has been a consistent tradition of musicians coming from the CSULA program who have worked with major musical acts, on major studio and movie projects, and hold positions in higher education in music. The roster on this album is self-evident as to the diversity and level of student musicians CSULA developed at that time and has for many years dating far back to musicians (graduates) such as Lennie Niehaus and Gabe Baltazar.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by various artists listed

## Recording Sessions

* Recorded: May 16, 17, and 22, 1987, Sage and Sound Recording, Hollywood, California
* Mixing: June 10, 15, 29, 1987, Sage and Sound Recording, Hollywood, California

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Conductor: David Caffey
* Saxes and woodwinds: Charlie Richard, Sharon Hirata, Jack Cooper, Scott Ackerman, Randall Willis
* Trumpets and flugelhorns: Simon Austin, Alan Parr, Monty Montgomery, Chris Mauger, Jim Bynum
* Trombones: Gary Smith, Luis Bonilla, Jose Arellano, Rick Acosta
* Tuba: Dr. John Swain
* Guitar: John Taylor
* Piano: George Stone, Robert Gutierrez
* Vibraphone and marimba: Cory Estrada
* Bass: Mark Tavarez
* Drums: Vince Dublino
* Percussion: Eric "Bobo" Correa

### Production

* Recording engineers: Jim Mooney, Bob Kinsey, and Jerry Wood
* Mixing engineers: Jim Mooney and David Caffey
* Mastering: K Disc
* Cover art: Randy Piland
# Steve Rabinovitch

Steve Rabinovitch (25 August 1942 – 11 July 1990) was a Canadian breaststroke swimmer. He competed in two events at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Tarkington (surname)

Tarkington is an English surname, a variant of the place name Torkington; other variants include Talkington and Turkington.

## History

John Tarkington Sr., his wife Prudence, their son John Jr. and wife Martha, and their son William Joshua came to America in about 1668. They settled on 250 acres (1.0 km$^2$) of land in Baltimore County, Maryland. The plantation was named "The Grove".
John Tarkington was one of the original settlers of Maryland. He began to accumulate property by getting settlers to move to a certain locality. In 1675, he transported a group into the province to inhabit Cecil County and obtained 560 acres (2.3 km$^2$) for himself.
John Tarkington had a son Samuel, who it is said was killed or kidnapped by the natives.
Booth Tarkington's ancestors migrated through Tyrrell County, North Carolina, and then on to Indiana.
Notable people with the surname include:
* Booth Tarkington (1869–1946), American novelist and dramatist
* Hiram Tarkington (1896–1996), United States Army officer
* Rockne Tarkington (1931–2015), American actor
# Antonio Montico

Antonio Montico (Italian pronunciation:; 30 December 1933 – 27 May 2013) was an Italian professional football player and coach, who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Montico played club football for Juventus FCIn 1962, he played the remainder of the season in the Eastern Canada Professional Soccer League with Toronto Italia.
After he retired from playing, Montico became a football coach. He managed U.S. Pro Vercelli Calcio's youth and senior squads.

## Honours
### Juventus

* Serie A champion: 1957–58, 1959–60.
* Coppa Italia winner: 1958–59, 1959–60.
# Renuka Yadav

Renuka Yadav (born 18 July 1994) is an Indian female field hockey player. She is one of the youngest members of the national women's team that qualified for Rio Olympics 2016. She is from Rajnandgaon District of Chhattisgarh, which has also been called "the Hockey Nursery of India." She is the second from Chhattisgarh to qualify for the Olympics, after Leslie Claudius. She is first woman from Chhattisgarh to qualify for Olympics.
# Dominique Bentejac

Dominique Bentejac (6 August 1944 – 27 December 2022) was a French equestrian. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Punjab cricket team

Punjab cricket team may refer to:
* Punjab cricket team (India)
* Punjab cricket team (Pakistan)
# Janetschekia

Janetschekia is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by E. Schenkel in 1939. As of May 2019 it contains only two species, both found in Albania, Austria, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland: J. monodon and J. necessaria.
# Ted Haggis

Edward Hopwood Haggis (9 June 1924 – 23 January 2017) was a Canadian sprinter, born in London, Ontario, who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics. He is the father of Paul Haggis.

## Personal life

Haggis served in the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War and participated in the Invasion of Normandy.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event |
| Representing Canada ||||||
| 1948 | Olympics | London, England | 5th, QF 1 | 100 m |
| 1948 | Olympics | London, England | 5th, QF 4 | 200 m |
# Tapia v. United States

Tapia v. United States, 564 U.S. 319 (2011), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a federal court cannot give a criminal defendant a longer sentence to promote rehabilitation.

## Background

Alejandra Tapia was sentenced to 51 months in federal prison for bringing an illegal immigrant into the United States for financial gain. Tapia challenged the basis for the District Court's sentencing decision. Specifically, Tapia challenged basing the length of sentence on speculation about when Tapia would be able to enter and complete the Bureau of Prisons' drug abuse treatment program. In a brief order, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, relying on its previous decisions, affirmed the decision.
Tapia petitioned the Supreme Court for certiorari, citing the circuit split on the issue. Specifically, the Eighth and Ninth Circuits permit the use of rehabilitation as a factor in sentencing, while four other circuit courts prohibit it. The Court agreed to hear the case on that issue.

## Opinion of the Court

The issue before the Court was whether the Sentencing Reform Act precludes a federal court from imposing or lengthening a prison term for the purposes of prompting rehabilitation. The Court held in a unanimous opinion that it does. First considered by the Court was the language of the Sentencing Reform Act, specifically that a court must "recogniz[e] that imprisonment is not an appropriate means of promoting correction and rehabilitation." Further, the act instructs the courts to acknowledge this fact when "determining whether to impose a term of imprisonment, and... [when] determining the length of the term."

### Concurrence

Justice Sotomayor wrote a concurring opinion, joined by Justice Alito, in which she expressed "skepticism that the District Judge [had actually] violated this proscription in this case".
# Antonio Oppes

Antonio Oppes (26 August 1916 in Pozzomaggiore – 8 June 2002 in Rome) was an Italian show jumping rider who won a bronze medal at the Olympic Games.

## Biography

In his career he participated in one edition of the Summer Olympics, is the younger brother of Salvatore Oppes (1909–1987).

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 1960 | Olympic Games | Rome | 3rd | Team jumping | |
# Dino Barsotti

Dino Barsotti (1 January 1903 – 12 June 1985) was an Italian rower who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
In 1932 he won the silver medal as member of the Italian boat in the men's eight competition. Four years later he won his second silver medal as part of the Italian boat in the eight event.
# Grand Turkmen Hotel

37°56′25″N 58°22′39″E﻿ / ﻿37.940239°N 58.377504°E﻿ / 37.940239; 58.377504 The Grand Turkmen Hotel is a five-star hotel in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. Built in 1995 as the Sheraton Grand Turkmen, it has 120 rooms on 6 floors, and is located close to the administrative centre of the city, 15 minutes from the airport. Nearby are the Central Bank of Turkmenistan, Parliament of Country (Mejlis), Cabinet of Ministers, ministries, establishments, museums and theatres, and shops and markets within a 1 km radius. The hotel has two restaurants, a bar, casino, health club, swimming pool and tennis court.
The hotel is an important location for international conferences and many notable politicians, particularly Russian, have stayed at the hotel.
In 2015 the hotel underwent a major remodeling, including being lined with white marble.