OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Freddy Turner

Frederick George Turner (18 March 1914 – 12 September 2003) was a South African rugby union international who represented his country in 11 Tests. Sometimes his name is given as "Freddie" Turner.

## Cricket career

Turner, a graduate of Grey High School, played three first-class cricket matches for Eastern Province in the 1931/32 Currie Cup season. After exactly ten years out of cricket, while he concentrated on rugby, he returned to the field in January 1942 and made his fourth and last first-class appearance, this time with Transvaal. His only wicket in these matches was Rhodesian Victor Robinson while he failed to impress with the bat.

## Rugby union career

He played his early rugby at the Crusader RFC and represented four provinces, Eastern Province, Western Province, Transvaal and Northern Transvaal at provincial rugby. On 8 July 1933, Turner became the 232nd Springbok when he made his international debut, against Australia in Cape Town. Aged just 19 at the time, he was also the first South African rugby player to fly to a Test Match after being called up late. He later told friends and family that the biggest challenge that day was finding the airport in Port Elizabeth.
He went on to be capped a further ten times at Test level, including a tour of Australia and New Zealand in 1937. He made his last appearance against the British Isles in 1938 where he scored his fourth and final try. Used mainly on the wing but also at centre and fullback, Turner was handy at kicking goals and managed four conversions and three penalties in his career.

### Test history

| No. | Opponents | Results (SA 1st) | Position | Points | Dates | Venue |
| 1. | Australia | 17–3 | Wing | | 8 Jul 1933 | Newlands, Cape Town |
| 2. | Australia | 6–21 | Centre | | 22 Jul 1933 | Kingsmead, Durban |
| 3. | Australia | 12–3 | Wing | 3 (1 try) | 12 Aug 1933 | Ellis Park, Johannesburg |
| 4. | Australia | 9–5 | Wing | | 26 Jun 1937 | Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney |
| 5. | Australia | 26–17 | Wing | | 17 Jul 1937 | Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney |
| 6. | New Zealand | 7–13 | Fullback | | 14 Aug 1937 | Athletic Park, Wellington |
| 7. | New Zealand | 13–6 | Wing | 3 (1 try) | 4 Sep 1937 | Lancaster Park, Christchurch |
| 8. | New Zealand | 17–6 | Wing | 3 (1 try) | 25 Sep 1937 | Eden Park, Auckland |
| 9. | British Isles | 26–12 | Wing | | 6 Aug 1938 | Ellis Park, Johannesburg |
| 10. | British Isles | 19–3 | Fullback | 10 (2 conv, 2 pen) | 3 Sep 1938 | Crusaders Ground, Port Elizabeth |
| 11. | British Isles | 16–21 | Centre | 10 (1 try, 2 conv, 1 pen) | 10 Sep 1938 | Newlands, Cape Town |
Legend: try (3 pts); pen = penalty (3 pts.); conv = conversion (2 pts.), drop = drop kick (4 pts.).
# Andrew J. Moyer

Andrew J. Moyer (November 30, 1899 – February 17, 1959) was an American microbiologist. He was a researcher at the USDA Northern Regional Research Laboratory in Peoria, Illinois. His group was responsible for the development of techniques for the mass production of penicillin. This led to the wide scale use of penicillin in World War II.

## Early life and education

Moyer was born in Star City, Indiana. He graduated from Wabash College with an A.B. in 1922, North Dakota Agricultural College with an M.S. in 1925, University of Maryland with a Ph.D. in 1929.

## Penicillin

Following Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin by accident in 1928, development work and medical trials were conducted by a team working under Howard Florey with Norman Heatley as a junior member. The first sue on a human occurred in December 1940, but wartime shortages and restrictions limited the supply of the drug.
In 1941, Heatley and Florey travelled to the United States because they wanted to produce about one kilogram of pure penicillin, and persuaded a laboratory in Peoria, Illinois, to develop larger-scale manufacturing of it. In Peoria, Heatley was assigned to work with Moyer. Moyer suggested adding corn-steep liquor, a by-product of starch extraction, to the growth medium. With this and other subtle changes, such as using lactose in place of glucose, they were able to push up yields of penicillin to 20 units per millilitre. But their cooperation had become one-sided. Heatley noted, "Moyer had begun not telling me what he was doing."
Florey returned to Oxford that September, but Heatley stayed on in Peoria until December; then for the next six months, he worked at Merck & Co. in Rahway, New Jersey. In July 1942, he returned to Oxford and was soon to learn why Moyer had become so secretive. When he published their research results, he omitted Heatley's name from the paper, despite an original contract which stipulated that any publications should be jointly authored. Fifty years on, Heatley confessed that he was amused, rather than upset, by Moyer's duplicity. Later he was to learn that financial greed had led Moyer to claim all the credit for himself. To have acknowledged Heatley's part of the work would have made it difficult to apply for patents, as he did, with himself as sole inventor.

## Legacy

Moyer was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1987. A scholarship fund was created in his name at the University of Maryland in 1977.
# Harding, West Virginia

Harding is an unincorporated community in Randolph County, in the U.S. state of West Virginia.

## History

A post office called Harding was established in 1892, and remained in operation until 1959. The community was named after French Harding, a Confederate war veteran.
# Marc Barbé

Marc Barbé (born 6 May 1961) is a French film actor. He has appeared in more than fifty films.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1998 | Sombre | |
| 2005 | The Ring Finger | The laboratory man |
| 2006 | The Untouchable | François |
| 2007 | La Vie en rose | |
| 2007 | Intimate Enemies | |
| 2009 | Silent Voice | Pierre |
| 2010 | Mozart's Sister | Leopold Mozart |
| 2011 | Calm at Sea | |
| 2012 | Madame Solario | |
| 2012 | My Way | |
| 2013 | The Nun | |
| 2015 | A Perfect Man | |
# Paul Gutty

Paul Gutty (4 November 1942 – 27 August 2006) was a French racing cyclist. He won the French national road race title in 1970.
# Isaac Amissah-Aidoo

Isaac Amissah-Aidoo (1927 – 14 September 2005) was a Ghanaian lawyer, tribal chief and politician. He was a member of the first parliament of the second Republic of Ghana, representing the Assin constituency under the membership of the progress party (PP).

## Early life and education

Isaac Amissah-Aidoo was born in 1927. He was an alumnus of the University of Ibadan where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in law. He also attended Trinity College Dublin where he obtained another Bachelor of Arts degree in law and later obtained his Masters of Arts degree in law. He worked as a lawyer before going into Parliament.

## Politics

Amissah-Aidoo began his political career in 1969 when he became the parliamentary candidate for the Progress Party (PP) to represent the Assin constituency in the Central Region of Ghana prior to the commencement of the 1969 Ghanaian parliamentary election.
On 1 October 1969, Amissah-Aidoo was sworn in to the First Parliament of the Second Republic of Ghana, after being pronounced the winner of the 1969 Ghanaian election held on 26 August 1969.
Amissah-Aidoo was the Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly in 1969.

## Personal life and death

Isaac Amissah-Aidoo was a Christian. He died on 14 September 2005, at the age of 78.
# Chercher province

Chercher was a province in Hararghe (eastern Ethiopia) now part of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Also known as Ittuu and West Hararghe, Chercher is the name given mainly to the eastern escarpment highland areas of Oromia state's West Hararaghe Zone, where the chains of Checher or higher mountains rise and extend inland from the Great Rift Valley in its northwest. The capital of the former Chercher province was Chiro.

## Etymology

Chercher may originate from cer, the Harari word meaning “a cliff that creates a deep gorge.”

## History

Chercher is home to ruins linked to the Harla people dating back to the eighth century in the district of Doba located in modern east Oromia. It was home to the people of Doba region prior to the Oromo invasions. According to tradition the ruins of Sharif Ahmed mosque, who was a chief of Harla is found in the Doba district of Chercher.
During the Oromo invasions of the sixteenth century the Ittu Oromo had occupied the Chercher region from the Harari people and likely also Harla. British deputy W.C Barker in 1842 states Chercher was a full day expedition from Harar city and was inhabited by the Oromo people. From 1883 to 1885 the Shewan forces under Menelik attempted to invade the Chercher but were defeated by the Ittu Oromo. In 1886 the Abyssinians of Shewa also suffered a defeat at the Battle of Hirna against the forces of Harar Emirate in the Chercher region.
In the early 1900s, the former Ifat rebel leader Talha Jafar passed his later years in Chercher as the appointed governor of Wadessa during the reign of Lij Iyasu. In the year 1923 regent Ras Tafari appointed Fit′awrari Tekle Hawariat Tekle Mariyam as governor of Chercher, a year later governor Tekle Hawariat founded the town of Chiro (known then under its old name Asebe Tafari.) and the new capital of the province.
# Szechwan myotis

The Szechwan myotis (Myotis altarium) is a species of vesper bat. It is found in China and Thailand.
# Sceptre (disambiguation)

A sceptre or scepter is a symbolic staff.
Sceptre or scepter may also refer to:

## Places

* Sceptre, Saskatchewan, a village in Canada

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Music

* Scepter Records, a record label
* Sceptre (Indian band), an Indian thrash metal band
* Skepta, UK Recording artist

### Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

* Scepter of Goth, early multiplayer game
* Sceptre (imprint), an imprint of Hodder & Stoughton

## Science and technology

* Sceptre (fusion reactor), a z-pinch fusion reactor
* AT&T Sceptre, a graphics terminal made by AT&T from 1983 to 1986

## Transportation

* Sceptre (yacht), 12-metre class yacht
* HMS Sceptre, the name given to five ships of the Royal Navy
* Humber Sceptre, a British car
* SlipStream Scepter, kit aircraft
* Studebaker Sceptre, a Studebaker prototype car; See List of Studebaker vehicles
* Toyota Camry (XV10), a car known as Toyota Scepter in Japan

## Other uses

* Sceptre (horse), a racehorse
* "Scepter", a disc golf fairway driver by Infinite Discs
* Toronto Sceptres, a women's hockey team
# Kabala Airport

Kabala Airport (IATA: KBA, ICAO: GFKB) is a general aviation municipal airport and heliport located in Kabala, Sierra Leone. The Sierra Leone Transportation Authority is in the process of expanding the airport to include a landing strip and other facilities. This will allow non-commercial and small planes to use the airport and will facilitate travel throughout the Province.
# Peter Doucette

Peter Vincent Doucette (August 14, 1954 – January 4, 2019) was a Canadian politician who served in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1989 to 1996.
Doucette was born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. He lived in the United States for a portion of his childhood, and graduated from high school in Quincy, Massachusetts. Doucette's first political experience was serving as youth campaign manager for United States Senator Ted Kennedy. Doucette then enrolled at Stonehill College. He worked at the Regional Co-operative Development Centre in Moncton, where he was program manager, and as a contractor with Georgetown Shipyard. Doucette later moved to Montague in his home province. In 1986, Doucette helped establish the Southern Kings and Queens Food Bank and served on its advisory board through 1989. Between 1987 and 1990, Doucette was secretary-treasurer of the Montague Lions Club.
He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island, twice as a Liberal Party candidate, in 1989 and 1993, and chose not to run again in 1996. Doucette later served as Montague city councillor. He was also a board member of many local and provincial organizations, among them Artisans on Main in Montague, Health PEI, Montague Economic Development Corporation, and the Prince Edward Island Council of People with Disabilities. Doucette died on January 4, 2019, at Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Charlottetown, aged 64.
# Philippe Malivoire

Philippe Malivoire (7 August 1942 – 10 May 2013) was a French rower. He competed in the men's coxless four event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Les Nouvelles littéraires

Les Nouvelles littéraires was a French literary and artistic newspaper created in October 1922 by the Éditions Larousse. It disappeared in 1985 after having taken the title L'Autre Journal [fr].

## History

Les Nouvelles littéraires were headed by Maurice Martin du Gard [fr] from 1922 to 1936 then by André Gillon, and then his son Étienne Gillon. René Minguet was its director from 1971 to 1975 followed by Philippe Tesson from 1975 to 1983.
The editors were successively Gilbert Charles, Frédéric Lefèvre from 1922 until 1949, Georges Charensol [fr] from 1949 to 1962, and André Bourin [fr] until its disestablishment in 1985.
The magazine, at first artistic and literary, became interested in cinema and science afterwards. It ceased publication from 1940 until 1945. In 1924, the newspaper published an appendix entitled L'Art vivant.

## Some collaborators

* Raymond Woog
* Jean-Louis Ezine
* Michel Field
* Jeanne Cressanges
* Pierre Billard
* Pierrette Micheloud
* Pascal Mérigeau
* Maurice Féaudierre
* Madeleine Masson
* Maryse Choisy

## Sources

* 1973: D'une rive à l'autre, Georges Charensol, Mercure de France, ISBN 2715209983
* 2006: Gavroche, André Demonsais, L'Harmattan, series des poings et des roses
# Emmanuel Emovon

Emmanuel Emovon, CON (February 24, 1929 – February 20, 2020) was a Nigerian professor of chemistry and former vice chancellor of the University of Jos. In 1983, he was elected as president of the Nigerian Academy of Science and succeeded Professor Umaru Shehu.

## Early life and education

Professor Emovon was born in February 1929 in Benin City, Edo State, Southern Nigeria. He died on February 20, 2020.
He attended Edo College Benin City, where he obtained the West African School Certificate in 1949. He proceeded to the University College, Ibadan now University of Ibadan for an intermediate bachelor of science degree course but obtained a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of London and doctorate degree from the same university. He was the first Nigerian to obtain the Ph.D degree of the University of London in Physical Chemistry in 1959. He later returned to Nigeria to join the Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, as an academic staff (Lecturer II). He became a professor of chemistry in 1971 and was appointed vice chancellor of Jos in 1978. In recognition of his outstanding contributions to academics in Nigeria, he was conferred with a National award of Commander of the Order of Niger by Olusegun Obasanjo, the former President of Nigeria. .

## Awards and recognitions

* Professor Emovon was a holder of the traditional Chieftaincy title: The Obayangbona of Benin Kingdom
* A recipient of the National Honour Award of Commander of the Order of the Niger (CON),
* Fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science (FAS) and
* Justice of the Peace (JP) amongst others

## Family

Professor Emovon was happily married to Princess Adesuwa of the Benin Royal Family Oba Akenzua and they are blessed with three daughters and three sons.
# Natale Zaninetti

Natale Zaninetti (24 March 1907 – 10 March 1978) was an Italian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1928 Tour de France.
# Synod of Emden

The Synod of Emden was a gathering of 29 exiled Calvinist leaders (ministers and authors) who founded the Dutch Reformed Church. Held in Emden, Germany on 4 October 1571, where it established the rules and doctrines of the Dutch Reformed Church.
The synod affirmed the presbyterian character of the Reformed Church, organized churches within a geographical region into "classes", adopted the 1561 Confession of Faith (later known as the Belgic Confession), and approved use of the Heidelberg Catechism in Dutch-speaking congregations while promoting the Geneva Catechism for French-speaking churches.
# Moyle District Council

Moyle District Council was a local council in County Antrim in the northeast of Northern Ireland. It merged with Ballymoney Borough Council, Coleraine Borough Council and Limavady Borough Council in May 2015 under local government reorganisation to become Causeway Coast and Glens District Council.
As a consequence, in 1991 the local government boundary commission originally recommended that the council should be merged with the neighbouring Ballymoney council to create a new council called "Dalriada". This was strongly opposed by both councils and also by Ballymena which would have gained the Glens of Antrim and a small part of Ballymoney council in the process. After a public enquiry the plans were shelved and Moyle was preserved.
Council headquarters were in Ballycastle.
The council was composed of 15 councillors who were elected from three electoral areas (Ballycastle, Giant's Causeway and The Glens) every four years by a system of proportional representation.
Most of the former district forms the North Antrim constituency (together with the neighbouring former Local Council areas of Ballymena and Ballymoney), for elections to the Westminster Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly. The exception is the Glens of Antrim area, most of which is part of the East Antrim constituency. The district was a majority Catholic enclave in the otherwise Protestant County Antrim.

## Elections
### 2005 Election results

| Party | Party | seats | change +/- |
| • | Sinn Féin | 4 | +3 |
| • | Social Democratic and Labour Party | 3 | -1 |
| • | Ulster Unionist Party | 3 | = |
| • | Democratic Unionist Party | 2 | -1 |
| • | Independent | 3 | -1 |

### 2011 Election results

| Party | Party | seats | change +/- |
| • | Sinn Féin | 3 | -1 |
| • | Social Democratic and Labour Party | 2 | -1 |
| • | Ulster Unionist Party | 3 | = |
| • | Democratic Unionist Party | 2 | = |
| • | Traditional Unionist Voice | 1 | +1 |
| • | Independent | 4 | +1 |
An Independent elected in the 2011 elections joined Sinn Féin in May 2012.

## Review of Public Administration

Under the Review of Public Administration (RPA) the council was due to merge with Coleraine Borough Council, Limavady Borough Council and Ballymoney Borough Council in 2011 to form Causeway Coast and Glens District, a single council for the enlarged area totalling 1,796 km$^2$ (693 sq mi) and a population of 131,564. The next election was due to take place in May 2009, but on 25 April 2008, Shaun Woodward, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland announced that the scheduled 2009 district council elections were to be postponed until 2011. The merger with Coleraine, Limavady and Ballymoney councils was confirmed in September 2011 and took effect in 2015.

## Population

The area covered by Moyle District Council had a population of 17,050 residents according to the 2011 Northern Ireland census.
# Joseph Gillott

Joseph Gillott (11 October 1799 – 5 January 1872) was an English pen-manufacturer and patron of the arts based in Birmingham.

## Pen manufacturing

After a brief period of schooling, Gillott began working in the cutlery trade in his home town of Sheffield. In 1821 he moved to Birmingham, where he found employment in the steel toy trade, the technical name for the manufacture of steel buckles, chains and light ornamental steel-work generally.
About 1830 he turned his attention to the manufacture of steel dip pens by machinery. His company rapidly became successful and Gillott was soon a very wealthy man. It was rumoured locally that he buried some of his money in his cellar so that it did not become known that he had acquired so much. He certainly spread his cash across a number of bank accounts in Birmingham. In 1840 he opened his Victoria Works; the business employed mainly girls. Gillott also invested in the new railway companies and especially in property and land – not only in Birmingham, where he bought a large estate in Edgbaston, but also in London and Wales. The family home for many years was "The Grove" on Westbourne Road in Edgbaston.
Gillott was an often secretive man, both in business and in art collecting. He socialised with a small group of friends at the Hen and Chickens Hotel and the Theatre Royal (which he part-owned) in New Street, Birmingham.

## Art interests

Gillott was an art collector – at first he exchanged pens for paintings – and one of the first to recognise the merits of J. M. W. Turner. He also collected paintings by Richard Wilson, Richard Parkes Bonington, Thomas Gainsborough and John Constable. He recognized the work of John Linnell and was the first to give him a good price. His collection of pictures, sold after his death, realised £170,000.

## Death and legacy

Gillott died in Birmingham and was buried in Key Hill Cemetery.
A white marble bust of Gillott stands in the main foyer of Birmingham Council House.
In later years, Gillott's son, Joseph Gillott junior, purchased a considerable estate in the village of Catherine-de-Barnes, Solihull on which he built New Berry Hall, a large gothic mansion with North and South Lodges. He also built the school in the village.
A collection of Gillott's letters are held at the Cadbury Research Library, University of Birmingham.
# Anthony Barber (boxer)

Anthony Kenneth Barber (25 November 1939 – June 2004) was an Australian boxer. He competed in the men's light middleweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# John Y. Barlow

John Yeates Barlow (also known as John Yates Barlow) (March 4, 1874 – December 29, 1949) was a Mormon fundamentalist leader in Short Creek, Arizona.

## Childhood

Barlow was born in Panaca, Lincoln County, Nevada, to Israel Barlow and his English-born wife Hannah Yeates. His grandfather was Israel Barlow. He grew up on his father's farm in Davis County, Utah.

## Polygamous marriages

Barlow married for the first time in 1897. He took his first plural wife in 1902, the second in 1918, and the third in 1923 making a total of four wives (including his first legal wife). While serving as a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Barlow defended his polygamous views and was dishonorably released. Later, LDS Church apostle Melvin J. Ballard, the president of the Northwest States Mission during Barlow's service there, served as witness in the disciplinary council that resulted in Barlow's excommunication.
As a member of the Council of Friends, Barlow was involved in the succession conflict following J. Leslie Broadbent's death. Elden Kingston claimed that Broadbent had ordained him as Second Elder of the Council of Friends. Kingston, along with his father, Charles W. Kingston, would separate from the main Short Creek Community and create the Davis County Cooperative Society and the Latter Day Church of Christ.
Due to Barlow's seniority in the Council of Friends and his assertion that he was Second Elder under Broadbent, he was mostly accepted by the Short Creek community. He led the community until his death.
# Nello Bartolini

Nello Bartolini (13 June 1904 – 19 March 1956) was an Italian long-distance runner and steeplechase runner who competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics, and at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

In the 1930s, he was famous in Italy for his sport rivalry with the Florentine fellow and teammate of the Giglio Rosso, Giuseppe Lippi.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Time |
| 1928 | Olympic Games | Amsterdam | Round One (6th) | 3000 metres steeplechase | NM |
| 1932 | Olympic Games | Los Angeles | 10th | 3000 metres steeplechase | 11:29.0 |
| 1934 | European Championships | Turin | 7th | 5000 metres | 15:26.0 |

## National titles

He won eight national championships at individual senior level.
* Italian Athletics Championships
** 5000 metres: 1930
** 3000 metres steeplechase: 1926, 1927, 1931, 1932, 1934
** Cross country: 1931. 1932
# Szemenye

Szemenye is a village in Vas county, Hungary.