OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Turkish women academics

Turkish women in academics refers to Turkish women who make scientific research or teach in the universities in Turkey and abroad.

## Background

During the Ottoman Empire era women had no chance to teach in the universities except for the very last years of the empire when Committee of Union and Progress (İttihat ve Terakki Partisi) came to power. The first Turkish woman who was able to teach in Istanbul University (then known as Darülfunun) was Halide Edib (later Halide Edib Adıvar) in 1918. But Halide Edib chose to join the nationalist forces of Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk) in Anatolia rather than to stay in Istanbul. During the Republican era the number of academics increased.

## Present situation

During the opening ceremony of 4th International Congress of Women Rectors in 2010, Gülsün Sağlamer, the chairperson of the organization committee, said that the percentage of women professors in Turkey was 27% and this percentage was higher than most other countries. She added that the percentage of women rectors however was only 10 out of 168 and this percentage needed to be increased. Since then, the number of women professors has been on the rise and in the 2011-2012 academic year, the number of Turkish women professors increased to 4729, which corresponds to 28%. Including other titles however (such as associate professor, instructor etc.) the percentage is much higher. According to Times Higher Education a survey carried by Thomson-Reuters reveals that the percentage of female academics is 47.5% which is one of the highest in the world.

## List of some academics

* Afet İnan
* Asuman Özdağlar
* Aysel Ekşi
* Ayşe Erzan
* Ayşe Soysal
* Bahriye Üçok
* Behice Boran
* Betül Kaçar
* Bilge Yıldız
* Birgül Ayman Güler
* Canan Dağdeviren
* Derya Akkaynak
* Elza Erkip
* Feryal Özel
* F. Tulga Ocak
* Gülsün Sağlamer
* Güzin Dino
* Halet Çambel
* Halide Edib Adıvar
* Ioanna Kuçuradi
* Janet Akyüz Mattei
* Lale Aytaman
* Lale Orta
* Leyla Neyzi
* Muazzez İlmiye Çığ
* Naşide Gözde Durmuş
* Necla Pur
* Nermin Abadan Unat
* Nesrin Nas
* Nur Serter
* Nükhet Ruacan
* Pakize Tarzi
* Paris Pişmiş
* Remziye Hisar
* Tansu Çiller
* Tülay Adalı
* Türkan Akyol
* Türkan Saylan
* Saffet Rıza Alpar
* Serap Yazıcı
* Şule Kut
* Zeynep Ahunbay
* Zeynep Çelik-Butler
# Val-Tétreau District

Val-Tétreau District (District 4) was a municipal electoral division in the city of Gatineau, Quebec.
The district was located in the Hull sector of the city. The district included the neighbourhoods of Val-Tétreau, Jardins-Alexandre-Taché, Manoir des Trembles, Jardins Mackenzie-King and Plateau.
The district was abolished in 2009, dividing up into Deschênes District, Plateau–Manoir-des-Trembles District and Hull–Val-Tétreau District.

## Councillors

| Council term | Party | Member |
| 2002–2005 | Independent | Lawrence Cannon |
| 2005–2009 | Independent | Alain Pilon |
| District dissolved ||||

## Election results
### 2005

2005 Gatineau municipal election: Val-Tétreau :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Popular vote | Popular vote | Popular vote | Expenditures | Expenditures |
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures | Expenditures |
| | Independent | Alain Pilon | 2,970 | 50.30 | – | none listed |
| | Independent | Jean-François LaRue | 2,929 | 49.70 | – | none listed |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 5,899 | 98.27 | | | |
| Total rejected, unmarked and declined votes | Total rejected, unmarked and declined votes | Total rejected, unmarked and declined votes | 104 | 1.73 | -0.03 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,003 | 53.55 | -1.23 | |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 11,210 | | | | |
| Note: Candidate campaign colours, unless a member of a party, may be based on the prominent colour used in campaign items (signs, literature, etc.) or colours used in polling graphs and are used as a visual differentiation between candidates. |||||||
| Sources: Office of the City Clerk of Gatineau ||||||||

### 2001

2001 Gatineau municipal election: Val-Tétreau :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Popular vote | Popular vote | Popular vote | Expenditures | Expenditures |
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures | Expenditures |
| | Independent | Lawrence Cannon | 2,999 | 56.70 | – | none listed |
| | Independent | Claude Millette | 2,291 | 43.30 | – | none listed |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 5,290 | 98.24 | | | |
| Total rejected, unmarked and declined votes | Total rejected, unmarked and declined votes | Total rejected, unmarked and declined votes | 95 | 1.76 | – | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,385 | 54.78 | – | |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 9,830 | | | | |
| Note: Candidate campaign colours, unless a member of a party, may be based on the prominent colour used in campaign items (signs, literature, etc.) or colours used in polling graphs and are used as a visual differentiation between candidates. |||||||
| Sources: Office of the City Clerk of Gatineau ||||||||
# William Anthony

William Anthony may refer to:
* William Anthony (USMC) (1853–1899), U.S. Army soldier and United States Marine who served during the Spanish–American War
* William Anthony (artist) (1934–2022), American painter and illustrator
* William Anthony (bookbinder) (1926–1989), Irish-American bookbinder
* William Anthony (judge) (c. 1752–1832), justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court
* William Arnold Anthony (1835–1908), U.S. physicist
# Yeolmbridge

Yeolmbridge is a village in Cornwall (but within the boundaries of the historic county of Devon), two and a half miles north of Launceston.

## Yeolm Bridge

The village takes its name from the bridge, Yeolm Bridge which crosses the River Ottery and is Grade I listed and a Scheduled Ancient Monument. Built about 1350, it is considered the oldest surviving and best built of medieval Cornish bridges. In 1951 Nikolaus Pevsner described it as Cornwall's "most ambitious" bridge.

## Quarry

Yeolmbridge Quarry SSSI is 250 m to the east of the village. The quarry is designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Geological Conservation Review (GCR) site, as the type–locality of the Yeolmbridge Formation; a black shale which shows the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary around 359 million years ago with a sequence of fossils.

## Notable people

* Joan Rendell, an English historian, writer and phillumenist, was resident at Yeolmbridge in the latter part of her life.
# August Busck

Augustus Busck (February 18, 1870 in Randers, Denmark – March 7, 1944) was a Danish-American entomologist with the United States Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Entomology. He is best known for his work with microlepidoptera, of which he described over 600 species. His collections of Lepidoptera from North America and the Panama Canal Zone are held by the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.

## Publications

Busck authored and co-authored over 150 papers, among them:
* 1902: A list of the North American Lepidoptera and key to the literature of this order of insects. Harrison Gray Dyar Jr.; assisted by Charles H. Fernald, Ph.D., the late Rev. George Duryea Hulst, and August Busck. Bulletin of the United States National Museum: 52.
* 1911: Descriptions of tineoid moths (Microlepidoptera) from South America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Volume 40, Issue: 1815:205–230.
* 1915: with Lord Walsingham, Volume IV (1909–1915) of Biologia Centrali-Americana.
# Ioan Sturdza

Prince Ioan Sandu Sturdza or Ioniță Sandu Sturdza (1762 – 2 February 1842) was the ruler (hospodar) of Moldavia from 21 June 1822 to 5 May 1828.

## Biography

Sturdza is considered the first indigenous ruler with the end of Phanariote rule (as a move the Ottoman Empire undertook after seeing the political disadvantages of Greek domination after the troubles in the Greek War of Independence).
Immediately after the Greek revolution, Prince Ioan Sturdza took an active part in subduing the roving bands of Eterists in Moldavia; he transformed the Greek language elementary schools into Romanian language ones and laid the foundation for that scientific national development which Prince Mihai Sturdza continued after 1834, especially after his founding of an upper school in the Trei Ierarhi Cathedral complex in Iași. Although his project for the confiscation of some Church properties was initially blocked by Russia, Sturdza opted not to revise his position.
Opposed by the boyars who had taken refuge in Imperial Russia during Ypsilanti's military rule, and threatened with the loss of his throne after the 1826 Russo-Turkish Akkerman Convention that established a seven-year term in office for Princes elected by the Sfatul boieresc (confirmed by the Ottomans, with Russia's approval), Sturdza agreed to many boyar demands, including tax cuts and exemptions from conscription. However, he ensured meritocratic criteria in access to public offices. At the same time, a conflict became apparent between high- and low-ranking boyars, after the proposed constitution of Ionică Tăutu was rejected by most of the former (a vocal minority under the leadership of Mihail Sturdza). In 1828, the Russians entered the country during the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-29 and took Prince Ioan prisoner. He died while being kept in Bessarabia and was later buried in Iași.

## Marriage and issue

He married Princess Ecaterina Rosetti-Roznoveanu (1764-1847). They had:
* Prince Nicolae, married Princess Maria Ghika-Comanesti (1805-1887), they had three daughters:
** Princess Ecaterina Sturdza (b. 1826), married as his second wife Prince Constantin Moruzi (1819-1886), Chamberlain at the Imperial Court of Russia.
** Princess Zoe Sturdza, married Prince Ioan Cantacuzino-Paşcanu (1827-1891), who served as general director of the Theater
** Princess Pulcheria (1831-1874), married Colonel Peter Keșco (1830–1865) and became mother of Queen Natalie of Serbia and grandmother of King Alexander I of Serbia.
# Sirik, Azerbaijan

Sirik (Azerbaijani: Sirik) is a village in the administrative unit of the same name, Jabrayil district, Azerbaijan, located on the slopes of the Karabakh ridge, 15 km northwest of the city of Jabrayil.

## Toponym

The name of the village is associated with the name of Sirak tribe. In 1917 the village was registered as Sirikli. The word Sirik in Turkic languages means “stick”.

## History

During the years of the Russian Empire, the village of Sirik was part of Jabrayil district, Elizavetpol province.
During the Soviet years, the village was part of the village council of the same name, Jabrayil district, Azerbaijan SSR. The village had an eight-grade school, a library, a club and a medical centre.
The village was captured by Armenian forces in the First Karabakh War.
On 22 October 2020, President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev announced the liberation and return of the village of Sirik under Azerbaijani control.

## Population

According to the “Code of statistical data of the Transcaucasian region population, extracted from the family lists of 1886”, in the village of Sirik, Mashanly rural district, Jabrayil district, there were 43 dym where lived 252 Azerbaijanis (listed as “Tatars”), who were Sunni by religion and peasants.
According to the “Caucasian Calendar” for 1912, 100 people lived in the village of Sirik, Karyagin district, mostly Azerbaijanis, listed in the calendar as “Tatars”.
According to the publication “Administrative Division of the ASSR”, prepared in 1933 by the Department of National Economic Accounting of the Azerbaijan SSR (AzNEA), as of 1 January 1933, in the village of Sirik, which was part of the Ahmadly village council of Jabrayil district, Azerbaijan SSR, there were 70 households and 430 residents. The entire population of the village council was Azerbaijanis (in the source indicated as “Turks”).
In 1983, 512 people lived in the village. The village population was engaged in livestock farming, wheat cultivation and viticulture.

## Cultural monuments

In the village of Sirik there is an ancient cemetery and a fortress from Middle Ages.
# Turki bin Mohammed Al Saud (born 1969)

Turki bin Mohammed bin Nasser bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( Arabic:الأمير تركي بن محمد بن ناصر عبد العزيز آل سعود), (born 1969) is a member of House of Saud. Prince Turki is the eldest son of Mohammed bin Nasser bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, governor of Jizan province.

## Early life and education

Prince Turki was born and raised in Riyadh. His mother is Princess Al Bandari bint Khalid bin Turki Al Saud. He received his early education in Riyadh Schools.
Prince Turki holds a bachelor's degree in press & media from King Saud University, KSA, and earned his master's degree in business administration from Santa Clara University, California.

## Professional career

Prince Turki started his career as a director of international affairs in the Ministry of Industry and Electricity which was reconstituted in 2000 into the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MCI). Since 2002, has served as MCI's Head of International Affairs.

## Personal life

Prince Turki married Princess Kholoud bint Khalid Al Saud, with whom he has four children: two sons and two daughters.
# Vale Community Hospital

Vale Community Hospital is a community hospital in Lister Road, Dursley, Gloucestershire, England. It is managed by Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust.

## History

The hospital was commissioned to replace the aging Berkeley Hospital and the Sandpits clinic. The site selected formed part of a large derelict area which had been occupied by Lister engine company and its successor, Lister Petter, and was subsequently developed by Stroud District Council for residential and industrial use. The new hospital, which was built at a cost of £10 million, was opened by the Anne, Princess Royal in February 2012.
# William Fuller (poet)

William Fuller (born 1953) is a U.S. poet born in Barrington, Illinois. He received his bachelor's degree magna cum laude in English from Lawrence University in 1975. In 1983, Fuller received a Ph.D. in English from the University of Virginia, writing his dissertation on Sir Thomas Browne.
He published his first full-length book, byt, with the Oakland, CA-based publisher O Books in 1989. Some of Fuller's other books include The Sugar Borders (1993), Aether (1998), Sadly (2003), Watchword (2006), Three Replies (2008), and Hallucination (2011).
Some of Fuller's chapbook publications include The Coal Jealousies (1987), The Central Reader (1998), Three Poems (2000), Roll (2000), Avoid Activity (2003), Dry Land (2007), and Three Replies (2008). A biographical note published in Sadly calls attention to Fuller's twenty years of employment at The Northern Trust Corporation of Chicago, where he is senior vice president and chief fiduciary officer.

## Selected bibliography

* byt (1989) (Scalapino's Press, O books)
* Sadly (2003) (Chicago: Flood Editions) ISBN 978-0-9710059-7-6
* Watchword(2006) (Chicago, IL: Flood Editions) ISBN 978-0-9746902-9-2
* Dry Land (2007)(Cambridge, UK: Equipage)
* Three Replies (2009)(London, UK: Barque) ISBN 1-903488-62-2 OCLC 432328238
* Hallucination (2011) (Chicago, IL: Flood Editions) ISBN 978-0-9819520-7-9
# Yongling

Yongling, Yong Ling or Yong Mausoleum (永陵) may refer to:
* Yongling (Former Shu), the tomb of Wang Jian (847–918) in Chengdu, Sichuan, China
* Yongling (Ming dynasty), the tomb of the Jiajing Emperor (1507–1567) in Beijing
* Yongling (Qing dynasty), the tomb of descendants of Fuman in Liaoning, China
* Yongling (Shaanxi), a historical site in Shaanxi
# Haag

Haag is a common Germanic place-name and personal name, which originally meant "hedge" or "fence", hence "enclosed area", such as a fenced hamlet, park or wood. Also Hagen, Hägen.
Haag may refer to:

## Places

* The Hague, in the Netherlands (Dutch: Den Haag)
* Several places in Germany:
** Haag, Upper Franconia in the district of Bayreuth, Bavaria (Postcode 95473)
** Haag an der Amper in the district of Freising, Bavaria (Postcode 85410)
** Haag in Oberbayern in the district of Mühldorf, Bavaria (Postcode 83527)
** Haag (Oberpfalz), near Hemau, Bavaria (Postcode 93155)
** Haag (Hunsrück), part of the community of Morbach, Rhineland-Palatinate (Postcode 54497)
** Haag (Dachau), a village belonging to Altomünster in the district of Dachau, Bavaria (Postcode 85250)
** Schloss Haag, a castle near Geldern, NRW (Postcode 47608)
** Haag (Sinntal), a hill in Hesse
* Several places in Austria:
** Haag am Hausruck, a market town in the district of Grieskirchen, Upper Austria (Postcode 4680)
** Haag, Austria, a municipality in the Amstetten District, Lower Austria (Postcode 3350)
* Haag (Rheintal), Switzerland, part of Sennwald in the Canton of St. Gallen (Postcode 9469)
* Haag Township, Logan County, North Dakota, in the United States

## People

* Alfred Haag (1904–1982), German Communist and member of the resistance
* Anna Haag (born 1986), Swedish cross country skier
* Carl Haag (1820–1915), German-British painter
* Emile Haag (born 1942) Luxembourgish historian, trade unionist
* Ernest van den Haag (1914–2002), Dutch-American sociologist best known for his contributions to the National Review
* Ernest Haag (1866-1935), American entrepreneur who started the Mighty Haag Circus
* Ervin Haág (1933–2018), Hungarian chess master
* Jules Haag (1882–1953), French mathematician
* Lina Haag (1907-2012) German anti-Fascist activist
* Marty Haag (1934–2004), the news director at the ABC station, WFAA-TV, in Dallas, Texas
* Rudolf Haag (1922-2016), German physicist, known for his contributions to the axiomatic formulation of quantum field theory
* Matthew Haag, (born 1992) American professional Call of Duty player and internet personality

## Other uses

* Haag's theorem a theorem in quantum field theory (physics)
* The Haag hexagon
# WASP-8b

WASP-8b is an exoplanet orbiting the star WASP-8A in the constellation of Sculptor. The star is similar to the Sun and forms a binary star with a red dwarf star (WASP-8B) of half the Sun's mass that orbits WASP-8A 4.5 arcseconds away. The system is 294 light-years (90 parsecs) away and is therefore located closer to Earth than many other star systems that are known to feature planets similar to WASP-8b. The planet and its parent star were discovered in the SuperWASP batch -6b to -15b. On 1 April 2008, Dr. Don Pollacco of Queen's University Belfast announced them at the RAS National Astronomy Meeting (NAM 2008).

## Orbit

The planet orbits WASP-8A at an average distance of just 0.08 AU (12,000,000 km) and a year passes in slightly more than 8.1 days on WASP-8b, which is somewhat farther from its parent star than other hot Jupiter planets. However, WASP-8b's orbit also has a relatively high eccentricity of 0.3, which, at periastron, brings it as close to its star as said similar planets are.
One thing that stands out extremely about WASP-8b is its orbit-spin angle to its star of 123°+3.4° −4.4°: This implies that the planet actually orbits retrograde to the spin of the parent star.

## Physical characteristics

WASP-8b belongs to a class of extrasolar planets known as hot Jupiters and has a mass about 2.2 times and a radius slightly bigger than that of the planet Jupiter. Its density is about 1.737 g/cm$^3$; this implies that, unlike similar close-orbiting gas giants, the planet is actually denser than Jupiter (which has a density of 1.326 g/cm$^3$).
Owing to its close distance to its star, WASP-8b is extremely hot: Its measured dayside temperature is 1,552 K (1,279 °C), this is even hotter than its equilibrium temperature of 947 K (674 °C).
# Nigerian Shippers' Council

Nigerian Shippers' Council is an agency of the Federal Government of Nigeria. The council is responsible for protecting exporters and importers in Nigeria as well as its goods. The Agency is an affiliation of Nigerian Ports Authority and were under the supervision of Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy (Nigeria). The council is focused on the importing and exporting of cargo with regards to port-to-port shipment through the chain of transportation. Its mandate is to establish an effective environment for all Nigerian stakeholders by putting sufficient and good economic regulatory system in Nigerian Port transportation sector.

## History

The Nigerian Shippers’ Council was established in the year 1978, with the help of UNCTAD, by the law of Nigerian Shippers’ Council Act Cap. N133 LFN 2004.

## Regulations

The council works based on The Federal Government Port Reform Agenda and it is under Port Economic Regulator of February 2014 and was affirmed by the Ministerial Regulation: Nigerian Shippers’ Council (Port Economic) Regulations 2015; and the Presidential Order: Nigerian Shippers’ Council (Port Economic Regulator) Order, 2015.
# Steve Bjorklund

Steve Bjorklund a/k/a Steve Björklund a/k/a Steffan Bjorklund was born ca. 1960 in Chicago, Illinois. He was an early figure in the first punk rock music scene in Chicago. He briefly attended Roycemore School in Evanston, Illinois. His first known recorded appearance was in July 1978, as a guitarist-singer with the protopunk-garage-New Wavish band The Rabbits, who opened a show in Schaumburg, Illinois by power-pop up-and-comers Pezband.
After the breakup of The Rabbits in the fall of 1978, Bjorklund formed the project band Strike Under with his brother, Chris. Strike Under produced one record, the 1981 5-track pressing, Immediate Action, which received mixed reviews but has nevertheless been called an "integral document to the history of punk rock in Chicago." Strike Under featured Pierre Kezdy, who would later play with Naked Raygun and Pegboy; the band, besides releasing its own record, also appeared on the seminal 1981 Busted at Oz LP, an historic document of the second wave of Chicago punk, recorded at the legendary club Oz before it closed down. Following the breakup of Strike Under, Bjorklund briefly formed another Chicago punk band, Terminal Beach. In 1987, Bjorklund's brother Chris, joined The Effigies, a more successful Chicago punk band fronted by Kezdy's brother John. Steve Bjorklund formed Breaking Circus in Chicago; their initial EP release included the memorable song (Knife in the) Marathon. He relocated to Minneapolis, where Breaking Circus continued. Breaking Circus was active through approximately 1988 and is considered an important example of early post-punk/industrial music in Minneapolis.
Later, Bjorklund was a member of Minneapolis band Balloon Guy. Bjorklund continued to work in the recording industry, with a number of punk bands in Chicago and Minneapolis, through the early 1990s, credited primarily as producer or as mastering re-mixer.
Since 2010, Bjorklund has collaborated with bassist Steve Economou (drummer for The Effigies) and keyboard player LizB in the band High Value Target.
# Sixmile Island (Pennsylvania)

40°29′28″N 79°55′10″W﻿ / ﻿40.49111°N 79.91944°W﻿ / 40.49111; -79.91944
Sixmile Island is an alluvial island in the Allegheny River in Allegheny County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Despite being shown as part of Sharpsburg borough on some maps, including from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, it is part of O'Hara Township. It is the location of Nancy Werner Park and lies across the river from Pittsburgh.
# Red Empire (game)

Red Empire is a card game published by Game Designers' Workshop in 1990.

## Gameplay

Red Empire is a card game in which players are members of the Soviet ruling class looking to become the president.

## Reception

Allen Mixson reviewed Red Empire in White Wolf #25 (Feb./March, 1991), rating it a 4 out of 5 and stated that "The game is fast-paced fun and ends all too soon. […] With five people, the average game played was less than 30 minutes. This makes for an excellent, flexible game. The game can be easily understood and played by just about anyone from the age of 8 and up, so the whole family can play. I highly recommend Red Empire. Keep laughing and deal, comrade!"

## Reviews

* Casus Belli #59
* Dragon #162
* Fire & Movement #70
# R400 road

R400 road may refer to:
* R400 road (Ireland)
* R400 road (South Africa)