OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Jews of Islam

The Jews of Islam (1984) is a book written by Middle-East historian and scholar Bernard Lewis.
The book provides a comprehensive overview of the history and the state of the Jews living in the Islamic world (as contrasted to the Jews of Christendom). The first chapter, Islam and Other Religions, however, is broader in scope, and explains how medieval Islamic society viewed the Other.

## Contents

* Chapter I. Islam and Other religions
* Chapter II. The Judaeo-Islamic Tradition
* Chapter III. The Late Medieval and Early Modern Periods
* Chapter IV. The End of the Tradition

## Quotes

Lewis notes that there was greater tolerance for Jews in Islamic lands than in Christian lands. Regarding Jews in Islamic lands, he states:
   Generally, the Jewish people were allowed to practice their religion and live according to the laws and scriptures of their community. Furthermore, the restrictions to which they were subject were social and symbolic rather than tangible and practical in character. That is to say, these regulations served to define the relationship between the two communities, and not to oppress the Jewish population.
The author also claims:
   "For Christians and Muslims alike, tolerance is a new virtue, intolerance a new crime. For the greater part of the history of both communities, tolerance was not valued nor was intolerance condemned. Until comparatively modern times, Christian Europe neither prized nor practiced tolerance itself, and was not greatly offended by its absence in others. The charge that was always brought against Islam was not that its doctrines were imposed by force—something seen as normal and natural—but that its doctrines were false."

## Reviews

* Stillman, Norman A. (October 1984). "Peaceful Coexistence". The New York Review of Books. 31 (16). Retrieved 2006-08-10.
* Schroeter, Daniel J. (November 1989). "The Jews of Islam, Review". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 21 (4).
* Patai, Raphael (June 1985). "Untitled review". The American Historical Review. 90 (3). doi:10.1086/ahr/90.3.743.
# Étoile

Étoile may refer to:

## Places
### France

* Charles de Gaulle – Étoile, station of the Paris Métro
* Étoile-Saint-Cyrice, commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in France
* Étoile-sur-Rhône, commune in the Drôme department in France
* L'Étoile, Jura, commune in the Jura department in France
* L'Étoile, Somme, commune in the Somme department in France
* Marcy-l'Étoile, commune in the Rhône department in France
* Montceaux-l'Étoile, commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in France
* Massif de l'Étoile, mountain range north of Marseilles
* Place de l'Étoile, large road junction in Paris

### Elsewhere

* Etoile, Kentucky, United States
* Etoile, Texas, United States
* Etoile Island, Marshall Islands, Micronesia
* Etoile Island (Seychelles), Amirante Islands, Seychelles

## Music

* "L'étoile" (song), a 2016 song by Celine Dion
* "Etoile", a 2020 song by Oh My Girl

## The arts

* Étoile, leading ballet dancer (male or female) in a company
** Danseur Étoile, the highest rank a dancer can reach at the Paris Opera Ballet
* L'étoile (opera), 1877 operetta by Emmanuel Chabrier
* Etoile (film), 1989 film starring Jennifer Connelly

## Transport

* Étoile (A 649), French naval schooner used as a training vessel
* French fluyt Étoile (1767), French fluyt, convoying ship of Bougainville's La Boudeuse

## Football clubs

* Etoile Haïtienne, a Haitian association football club
* Étoile Sportive du Sahel, a Tunisian association football club
* Étoile FC, a French football club who played in the Singaporean S.League from 2010 to 2012
* L'Etoile de Morne-à-l'Eau, a Guadeloupean club playing in the Guadeloupe Division of Honour

## Other

* L'Étoile AOC, appellation for wines made in the Jura wine region of France
* L'Étoile du Déséret, French periodical of LDS Church, later named L'Etoile
# Tà Cú Mountain

Ta Cu Mount (Vietnamese: Núi Tà Cú) is a mountain located off of National Route 1 in the town of Thuận Nam, Hàm Thuận Nam District. Ta Cu Mountain is 28 km west of Phan Thiết city, in Bình Thuận Province, Nam Trung Bộ, Vietnam. The average temperature at the summit ranges from around 18 to 22 °C. There is a path from the foot of the mountain to the summit, a distance of 2290 meters. An alternate more popular route up the side of the mountain is via a 1600-meter-long Austrian aerial tram. At the height of 563 meters, there are two pagodas: the Upper Pagoda (Linh Sơn Trường Thọ) and the Lower Pagoda (Long Đoàn). However, the mountain is most famous as the site of the statue of the reclining Gautama Buddha, which at 49 meters in length is the largest reclining Buddha in Southeast Asia. The statue of the Buddha is an additional 300 steps from the top of the tram.
From the top of the mountain, there are views of the dragon fruit farms and rice paddies below.
In the 1870s and 1880s, a Buddhist monk named Tran Huu Duc led a group of Buddhist faithful in the construction of the Linh Son Truong Tho Pagoda. After his death in 1887, a group of his followers built the lower Long Doan Pagoda. Then in 1958, a man named Truong Dinh Tri began construction of the 49 meter-long, seven meter-high reclining Buddha, as well as three additional smaller Buddha statues.
There is a cave near the statues which has been named the Forefathers Cave. At the bottom of the cave is a small stream, which disappears into the cave floor. It is inside this cave that Tran Huu Duc spent much of his time in meditation.
* This article about a location in Bình Thuận Province, Vietnam is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# H.A.T (group)

H.A.T is a Vietnamese pop girl group formed in 2004. H.A.T consists of Lương Bích Hữu, Phạm Quỳnh Anh (Sắc Màu former member) và Thu Thủy (Mây Trắng former member). Thu Thủy was replaced by the Mắt Ngọc former member Ngô Quỳnh Anh, in 2004, after she left the group. During their career, H.A.T released two EPs, Anh không muốn bất công với em 2 – Best Collections (featuring Ưng Hoàng Phúc) and We Are H.A.T – Chúng tôi là H.A.T, both in 2004. The second album sold 30,000 units and became the best-selling album by a group in Vietnam at that time. After being an ambassador for the lipstick brand LipIce, H.A.T disbanded in 2005. In 2017, four members of H.A.T reunited to release the single "Gia đình tôi chọn", which marked 15-year anniversary since WePro was established.
# Wavyleaf

Wavyleaf may refer to:
* Wavyleaf basketgrass, an extremely invasive grass
* Wavyleaf Indian paintbrush, a parasitic plant
* Wavyleaf sea-lavender, a herbaceous perennial plant
* Wavyleaf silktassel, a common evergreen shrub
# Tom Finlay

Thomas P. Finlay (1897 – 6 September 1967) was an Irish hurler who played as a wing-back for the Laois senior team.
Regarded as one of Laois's greatest-ever players, Finlay played during the county's most successful period from 1914 to 1915 before later lining out for Dublin. During his inter-county career he won two All-Ireland medals and three Leinster medals. Finlay was an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion.
At club level Finlay won several county club championship medals with Ballygeehan.
His brother, Jack Finlay, was also an All-Ireland medalist with Laois.
# Todeswunsch

Todeswunsch – Sous le soleil de Saturne (German and French: "Death Wish - Under the Sun of Saturn") is the second album by darkwave band Sopor Aeternus & the Ensemble of Shadows and was released in 1995. Todeswunsch saw a fundamental change in sound, abandoning the heavily synthesized darkwave music for a sound akin to the Renaissance and neo-Medieval music. A limited pressing of 3,000 CDs was initially available, and the album has been re-released at least three times. An accompanying EP, Ehjeh Ascher Ehjeh, was released later that year.

## Overview

Todeswunch was a major departure from Sopor Aeternus' first album, ...Ich töte mich..., in that the aggressive synthesized music of the first record was replaced with ornate Renaissance- and Baroque-inspired folk music. brass, woodwinds and acoustic guitars came to the fore, while drum machines were largely abandoned for varying amounts of hand percussion. Shrill female vocals also resound throughout the album, all of them provided by Anna-Varney Cantodea herself.
The album quotes heavily from other works. One example is the title track, where the music is a darkwave version of Cat Stevens' "I Think I See the Light". "Drama der Geschlechtslosigkeit (part 2)" employs the melody from "Chim Chim Cher-ee", as featured in Mary Poppins, while "Shadowsphere" quotes the bass lines from Black Sabbath's "Under the Sun". "The Devil's Instrument" also quotes lyrics from Rozz Williams' "Mysterium Inquitatis". "Todeswunsch" contains the first instance of Cantodea's long-standing interest in Edgar Allan Poe: "Die Bruderschaft des Schmerzes" is a re-telling of his work Dream-Land.
Todeswunsch would see re-releases in 1999, 2003 and 2008. The album artwork received significant changes for both the 2003 and 2008 editions. The painting on the cover of the original release is a detail of Death of the Virgin by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio. The title of "Soror Sui Excidium" was changed to "Soror (Sister of Self-destruction)" for re-releases, and both halves of "Shadowsphere" were indexed into one track on re-issue.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Anna-Varney Cantodea

## Personnel

* Gerrit Fischer: Guitar on "Soror Sui Excidium", "Drama der Geschlechtslosigkeit (part 2)" and "Only the Dead in the Mist"
* Varney: Vocals, all other instruments and programming
# Todhills

Todhills may refer to the following places in the United Kingdom:
* Todhills, Angus, a location
* Todhills, County Durham
* Todhills, Cumbria
# Tol Tol

Tol Tol is a locality in Victoria, Australia, located approximately 8 km from Robinvale.
A Tol Tol Post Office was open between 1924 and 1926 before being replaced by Bannerton.
# Tom McTigue

Thomas McTigue (born 1959) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for playing Harvey Miller on the 1990s television series Baywatch 2nd season. He made guest appearances on numerous television programs: Beverly Hills, 90210 in 1991 as Jack and on Roseanne in 1994 as a doctor. He has also appeared in several films and hundreds of commercials. He has a minor part as a teacher in the 2014 film Boyhood.

## Biography

Tom McTigue was born and grew up in Spokane, Washington. He studied theatre at Washington State University. After moving to New York to study acting, he returned to Seattle where he acted in regional plays. He eventually became interested in stand up comedy and began performing on the road.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1989 | Jake and the Fatman | Jeff | TV series |
| 1990 | Quantum Leap | Calloway | TV series |
| 1991 | Beverly Hills, 90210 | Jack | TV series |
| 1991-1992 | Baywatch | Harvey Miller | TV series |
| 1996 | Lover's Knot | Doug Meyers | TV series |
| 2002 | ER | | TV series |
| 2011 | The Descendants | Cousin Dave | Movie |
# Tomarkhanly

39°16′N 48°16′E﻿ / ﻿39.267°N 48.267°E﻿ / 39.267; 48.267
Tomarkhanly (also, Tamirkhanly and Tomarkhan) is a village in the Jalilabad Rayon of Azerbaijan.
# Tomarus subtropicus

Tomarus subtropicus is a species of rhinoceros beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.
# Tommy Joe Crutcher

Tommy Joe Crutcher (August 10, 1941 – February 16, 2002) was an American football player who played for the Green Bay Packers, New York Giants, and the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Christian University.
Tommy Joe Crutcher (6’ 3” 192) with 10.5 speed, was one of the finest fullbacks and defensive linebackers in Texas High School football during the late 1950s. As a junior in 1958, Crutcher was a strong, punishing runner who rushed for 1,070 yards in 13 games to lead the McKinney Lions offense. Crutcher was an All-District as a junior and also an outstanding outside linebacker that had numerous unassisted tackles as the Lions lost in the 1958 AAA semi-final game to eventual AAA state champion Breckenridge. Despite missing 3 games with a shoulder injury his senior year in 1959, Crutcher still managed to lead the Lions with 850 yards rushing on 143 carries over 7 games. He was also well known for his crushing tackles from his defensive linebacker position. He was co-captain of the football team and a 1959 AAA Honorable Mention All-State selection. Tommy Joe, a High School Football All-American, was highly respected by his coaches, teachers, teammates, and the people of McKinney.
Crutcher attended Texas Christian University where he was first-team All-America in 1963. As a TCU sophomore in 1961, he rushed for 580 yards. During his junior year in 1962, Crutcher rushed for 542 yards on 108 carries and was an All-Conference selection, while in 1963, he rushed for 473 yards on 108 carries to lead the Hornfrogs offense. He was also Co-Captain and played fullback on offense and linebacker on defense.
He was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 1964 NFL draft and he played linebacker on the Packers' Super Bowl teams of '66 & '67. He also played with the New York Giants, Los Angeles Rams, and was later traded back to the Green Bay Packers. He had been dealt by the Giants to the Rams for 1972 third- (69th overall–Houston running back Tom Mozisek) and seventh-round (177th overall–Notre Dame defensive tackle Mike Zikas) selections on May 30, 1970. He finished his 8-year pro career in 1972.
Crutcher died at age 60 in Port Isabel, Texas, on February 16, 2002. He was managing the Southwest Grain Company in McCook, Texas, prior to his death.
# Tomášovce

Tomášovce may refer to:
* Tomášovce, Lučenec District, Slovakia
* Tomášovce, Rimavská Sobota District, Rimavská Sobota District, Slovakia
* Spišské Tomášovce, a village and municipality in the Spišská Nová Ves District, Košice Region, Slovakia
# Ton Llwyd Halt railway station

Ton Llwyd Halt railway station served the village of Aberaman, in the historical county of Glamorganshire, Wales, from 1906 to 1932 on the Vale of Neath Railway.

## History

The station was opened to the public on 1 January 1906, although it opened to miners in 1903. It closed to passengers on 2 January 1922 but remained open for miners until 1932.
# Tonkin weasel

The Tonkin weasel or Vietnamese mountain weasel (Mustela tonkinensis) is a species of weasel described by Björkegren in 1941. It is known only from a singular specimen collected from an undisclosed location in Northern Vietnam. Originally believed to be a form of either the least weasel or the yellow-bellied weasel, the species was distinguished as a separate variety on the basis of skull differences by Groves in 2007.

## Description

A standard-sized weasel, the Tonkin weasel measures between 20 and 25 centimetres in body length, with a tail length of between 10 and 11 centimetres. The upper section of the body is medium brown, while the throat, chest and stomach are white in colour. The colouring of the fur is regarded as 'vulgaris-type', which is characterised by an indented demarcation line between the areas of brown and white colour in both the neck and trunk regions. The weasel is distinguished from other species by the size of the narrow skull.

## Distribution and habitat

The recorded specimen is believed to have originated from a mountain range within the Hoàng Liên National Park in the Lào Cai Province. Although Björkegren initially recorded the location of the specimen as in close proximity Sa Pa, it has been concluded by Abramov that the point of origin was more likely to have been from Seo My Ty to the southwest of the town. Thereby, it is probable that the species, if extant, survives within temperate fokienia forest of the sub-alpine highlands of Northern Vietnam.

## Behaviour

In association with other endemic species, it is probable that the Tonkin weasel consumes a similar carnivorous diet. Therefore, it is likely that their diet may consist of birds, insects and other rodents, including Père David's vole and the Eurasian harvest mouse. Despite adequate abilities in relation to climbing, it is unlikely that arboreal and scansorial animals would form a portion of their diet.

## Population

The population of the species remains unknown, as it has only been recorded on a single occasion when caught in 1939. It remains possible that concentrations of the population still exist within the higher altitude areas of the Indochina Peninsula, as there is no evidence that, despite extensive land clearing in the region, the weasel is in any way dependent on the temperate forest ecosystem. Despite surveys between 2005 and 2012 which involved numerous discussions with the local Hmong people and forest rangers, no supplementary sightings of the weasel have been reported to date.

## Threats

The weasel is believed to be located within a region where hunting in all forms is relatively intense, and it is therefore tenable to suggest that the species may be in decline. The placement of traps to catch other rodents and birds in the highlands may also place the weasel in inadvertent danger. In addition, much of the suggested area of habitation has been prone to fragmentation for agricultural purposes.
# Tonkinacris

Tonkinacris is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, subfamily Melanoplinae, tribe Podismini Jacobson, 1905 and subtribe Tonkinacridina Ito, 2015. The recorded distribution of species is in East Asia: including southern China and Vietnam.

## Species

The Orthoptera Species File lists:
* Tonkinacris damingshanus Li, Lu, Jiang & Meng, 1991
* Tonkinacris decoratus Carl, 1916 - type species - locality: "Than-Moi" (probably in Lạng Sơn province), Vietnam.
* Tonkinacris meridionalis Li, 1986
* Tonkinacris ruficerus Ito, 1999
* Tonkinacris sinensis Chang, 1937
* Tonkinacris yaeyamaensis Ito, 1999
# Tonkin shadow ministry

The Tonkin shadow ministry was a Shadow Cabinet led by the Opposition Leader and leader of the Labor Party, John Tonkin, in the Parliament of Western Australia. While serving no formal status—only the Leader and Deputy Leader received remuneration for their role over and above that of a Member of Parliament—it was intended to improve the effectiveness of the Opposition by providing an alternative Ministry to voters, consisting of shadow ministers who could ask role-specific questions in parliament, provide comment to the media and offer alternative policies to the government in their areas of responsibility.
The Tonkin shadow ministry was the first of its kind in Western Australia, and existed from March 1974, after Labor's defeat at the 1974 state election, until 15 April 1976 when Tonkin stepped down at the age of 74. It was followed by the Jamieson shadow ministry.
The governing Ministries at the time were the Court–McPharlin Ministry and the first Court Ministry.

## The Shadow Ministry

The following members of Parliament were members of the shadow ministry:
| Office | Minister |
| Leader of the Opposition Shadow Treasurer Shadow Minister Co-ordinating Economic and Regional Development | John Tonkin, Dip.Tchg., FAIA, MLA |
| Deputy Leader Shadow Minister for Public Works Shadow Minister for Water Supplies Shadow Minister for Housing | Colin Jamieson, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Education Shadow Minister for Cultural Affairs Shadow Minister for Recreation | Tom Evans, LL.B., MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Agriculture | David Evans, BA, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Local Government Shadow Minister for Urban Development and Town Planning | Don Taylor, BA, DipEd, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Industrial Development Shadow Minister for Electricity Shadow Minister for Mines Shadow Minister for Fuel and Energy | Donald May, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Health Shadow Minister for Community Welfare | Ron Davies, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Labour and Industry Shadow Minister for Consumer Affairs Shadow Minister for Immigration Shadow Minister for Tourism | John Harman, MLA |
| Shadow Attorney-General | Ron Bertram, LL.B., Dip.Acctg., AASA, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Police Shadow Minister for Transport Shadow Minister for Traffic Safety | Tom Jones, MLA |
| Shadow Minister for Lands Shadow Minister for Forests Shadow Minister for the North-West | Mal Bryce, BA, MLA |
| Shadow Chief Secretary Shadow Minister for Conservation and the Environment Shadow Minister for Fisheries and Fauna | Terry Burke, MLA |
| Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Council | Ronald Thompson, MLC |
# Toronto External Contracts Inquiry

The Toronto External Contracts Inquiry is a judicial inquiry into allegations of conflict of interest around contracts entered into by Toronto, Ontario's municipal government in 1998 and 1999.
It is a follow-up to the city's earlier Computer Leasing Inquiry, and is investigating three other questionable contracts. However, as with the earlier inquiry, the External Contracts Inquiry is commissioned by Madam Justice Denise Bellamy of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice.
The External Contracts Inquiry was established by Toronto City Council on October 1, 2002, as an expansion of the Computer Leasing Inquiry. It began hearings on October 18, 2004, after the Computer Leasing Inquiry ended.

## TMACS

The first contract investigated by the External Contracts Inquiry involved the city's tax and billing management system.
On January 1, 1998, the city of Toronto and its five suburban cities (Scarborough, North York, Etobicoke, East York and York) were amalgamated into the single "megacity" of Toronto.
During the amalgamation process, the six municipal governments had to merge their computer systems. Five of the municipalities used a system called TXM, while North York used a system called TMACS. North York's treasurer, Wanda Liczyk, was the sole voice in favour of adopting TMACS for the amalgamated city, and when she subsequently became treasurer of the "megacity", she implemented TMACS without consulting city council.
TMACS was developed for North York's city government by two American software consultants, David Maxson and Michael Saunders. Testimony before the inquiry has confirmed that from 1989 to 1991, Saunders and Liczyk had a personal romantic relationship.
Although their relationship ended before Saunders was contracted by the city of Toronto, city staff have testified that Liczyk and Saunders still had a close friendship. In her testimony to the inquiry, Liczyk has acknowledged that her relationship with Saunders may have created the appearance of favouritism in her decisions involving Saunders. However, in response to suggestions that she should have declared a conflict of interest and recused herself from such decisions, Liczyk has testified that she is able to separate personal and business matters.
It has also been testified that Saunders was often rude and abrasive to city staff.

## Other Contracts

Two other city contracts will be investigated by the Inquiry. Testimony around these contracts has not yet been presented.
# Torso of Venus and a Landscape

Torso of Venus and a Landscape is a sketch by Post-Impressionist artist Vincent van Gogh. It now resides in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam.
This drawing was created while van Gogh was staying with his brother in Paris (in 1886–1888), a period during which they did not write any letters to each other. As a result, little is known about the artist during this period except for his still-life paintings and Agostina Segatori Sitting in the Café du Tambourin. In 1887, he sketched this drawing onto a piece of paper with black chalk and ink.
Van Gogh produced other earlier paintings of Torso of Venus during his stay in Paris, such as the Torso of Venus in 1886, which was exhibited at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. It also featured a realism aspect, and was drawn with similar media. It is possible that Torso of Venus and a Landscape was a rough draft.