OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Kenny (trade unionist)

Sir Paul Stephen Kenny (born 31 October 1949) is a British former trade union leader. He served as General Secretary of the GMB, Britain's third biggest union.

## Early life

Kenny left school at 15 and went to work for Fuller, Smith & Turner's Brewery. He went to Latimer Foundation School in Hammersmith, which was closed; he was transferred to St Marks School at Bishops Park in Fulham. His first job in local government was for London Borough of Hammersmith as the park keeper of Brook Green, along with its tennis courts.

## Trade unions

Kenny became a full-time GMB official in December 1979. In 1991 he became the Regional Secretary of the GMB London Region.

### GMB leadership

Kenny had been defeated by Kevin Curran in the 2003 GMB General Secretary Election to replace John Edmonds. However, he was appointed Acting General Secretary on 24 March 2005 following Curran's resignation after alleged election rigging.
In May 2006 he was elected unopposed as GMB General Secretary. He was elected again in 2010 for a further five years unopposed.
Between 2010 and 2016, he was the chair of the influential Trade Union & Labour Party Liaison Organisation.

### Campaigns

Kenny has been heavily involved in campaigns, including ASDA, private equity companies (such as their ownership of the AA), public sector pay increases, and privatised utility companies. He led target campaigning against blacklisting of trade unionists by the construction industry. In August 2014, Kenny was one of 200 public figures who were signatories to a letter to The Guardian opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue.

## Personal life

Kenny now lives on the Isle of Wight. He married Patricia Ward in 1969 in Hammersmith. He has two sons and four grandchildren, and supports Fulham F.C.
In the 2015 Queen's Birthday Honours, Kenny was appointed a Knight Bachelor "for services to trades unions".
# Forward Versatile Disc

Forward Versatile Disc (FVD) is an offshoot of DVD developed in Taiwan jointly by the Advanced Optical Storage Research Alliance (AOSRA) and the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) as a less expensive alternative for high-definition content. The disc is similar in structure to a DVD, in that pit length is the same and a red laser is used to read it, but the track width has been reduced slightly to allow the disc to have 5.4 GB of storage per layer as opposed to 4.7 GB for a standard DVD. The specification allows up to three layers for total of 15 GB in storage. WMV9 is used as the video codec allowing for 135 minutes of 720p video on a dual layer disc, and 135 minutes of 1080i video on a three-layer disc. FVD uses AACS copy protection which is one of the schemes used in both HD DVD and Blu-ray Discs.
An FVD disc can either be an FVD-1 or FVD-2 disc: FVD-1: The coding format of the first generation of FVD adopts 8/16 modulation codes (same as DVD). FVD-2: The second generation will use the more efficient 8/15 coding for increasing the ECC capability (to avoid DVD patents).
The FVD format is apparently defunct.
# Willie Marcial

Wilfrido "Willie" O. Marcial (born October 12, 1961) is a Filipino sports executive who serves as the tenth commissioner of the Philippine Basketball Association. He became the league's officer-in-charge after Chito Narvasa resigned on December 31, 2017. On January 25, 2018, he was appointed by the PBA Board of Governors as the 10th commissioner of the league.

## PBA career

Marcial, a native of Batangas, started as a statistician in 1983 during the time of former PBA Commissioner Leo Prieto. He also worked with the league's former TV partner, Vintage Television, as a floor director and also became a co-head statistician (alongside current head statistician Fidel Mangonon III) before being appointed as the league's Media Bureau Chief and Special Assistant to the Commissioner in 2003 during the time of former commissioner Noli Eala.
He is contracted to be the PBA commissioner until the end of the 2026–27 PBA season.
# Zeatupua

Zeatupua is a monotypic genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Physoglenidae containing the single species, Zeatupua forsteri. It was first described by Fitzgerald & Sirvid in 2009, and is found in New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was first described in 2009 by Mike Fitzgerald and Phil Sirvid from male specimens. Originally placed with the Synotaxidae, it was moved to the Physoglenidae in 2017. The holotype is stored in Te Papa Museum under registration number AS.001487.

## Description

The male is recorded at 3.07mm in length. This species has a pale orange brown carapace and legs. The abdomen is straw coloured with dark shading and pale markings dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Wellington, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size" and "Data Poor: Trend".
# Meander (disambiguation)

A meander is a bend in a river.
Meander may also refer to:

## Geography
### Municipalities or communities

* Meander, Mississippi, former name of Gholson, an unincorporated community in Noxubee County, Mississippi, U.S.
* Meander, Tasmania, a rural town in Meander Valley Council area, Tasmania, Australia
* Meander Valley Council, a rural local government area in Tasmania, Australia

## Geographical features

* Meander Dam, a concrete gravity dam across the Upper Meander River, Tasmania, Australia
* Meander Glacier, a large meandering tributary to Mariner Glacier in Victoria Land, Antarctica
* Meander River (disambiguation), several rivers that share the name
** Meander River (Tasmania), Australia

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Meander (album), 1995 album by the band Carbon Leaf
* Meander (art), a decorative border constructed from a continuous line, shaped into a repeated motif
* Meander (film), a 2020 French science fiction film

## Ships

* Meander (1855), a passenger steamship built for James Moss & Co. of Liverpool
* HMS Maeander, the name of two ships of the Royal Navy

## Other uses

* Meander (mathematics), a self-avoiding closed curve which intersects a line a number of times
* Meander (mythology), a river god in Greek mythology and patron of the Maeander River in Turkey
* Meander Eatery, a restaurant in Pagosa Springs, Colorado, U.S.
* Meander Prepona (Archaeoprepona meander), a butterfly in the family Nymphalida
# Mount Hay

Mount Hay may refer to:
* Mount Hay (New South Wales), Australia
* Mount Hay (Ethiopia)
* Mount Hay (Yakutat), Canada-US border peak, on the border of British Columbia and Alaska
# Teresa of St. Rose of Lima

Teresa of St. Rose of Lima, CSST was an Indian Catholic religious sister and the founder of the Institute of the Carmelite Sisters of Saint Teresa in Kerala, India.

## Life

Teresa of St. Rose of Lima was born on 29 January 1858 in George Town, Madras, India, to Peter D'Lima and Mary D'Lima. She received the name Mary Grace on baptism. She studied with the Presentation Sisters at George Town, Madras. After completing the schoolmistresses test, she joined the staff of St. Xavier's Free School, George Town, Madras in 1875. She took charge of St Joseph's School, Alleppey, Kerala, as the headmistress in 1879.
In May 1882 she was received as a postulant by the priest Candidus. She received formation directly from the Carmelite fathers. On 29 April 1883, she was vested and given the name Teresa of St. Rose of Lima. She made her religious profession as a Carmelite Tertiary at St. Joseph's Convent, Alleppey on 25 May 1885. She founded the Third Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel known today as the Institute of the Carmelite Sisters of Saint Teresa (CSST) on 24 April 1887 in Ernakulam, Kerala, India, and also founded St. Teresa's English Medium School for Girls on 9 May 1887.
She died in a train accident on 12 September 1902 at Mangapatnam, Cuddapah, Andhra Pradesh, India.

## Beatification process

The Archbishop of Bengaluru diocese Bernard Moras initiated the diocesan inquiry of cause of beatification and canonization of Teresa on 22 August 2015 and she was declared a Servant of God.

## In popular culture

Teresa had a dream, an Indian English-language biographical film directed by Raju Abraham was released in 2020. Produced by the Carmelite Sisters of St. Teresa, it focuses on her missionary work in India.
# Bata, Burgas Province

Bata (village) is a village in the municipality of Pomorie, in Burgas Province, in southeastern Bulgaria.
# List of regions of Montenegro by Human Development Index

This is a list of regions of Montenegro by Human Development Index as of 2024 with data for the year 2022.
| Rank | Region (Municipalities of Montenegro) | HDI (2022) |
| Very high human development |||
| 1 | Central Montenegro (Niksic, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Podgorica, Tuzi) | 0.853 |
| - | Montenegro (average) | 0.844 |
| 2 | Northern Montenegro (Plužine, Šavnik, Žabljak, Mojkovac, Kolašin, Berane, Andrijevica, Gusinje, Plav, Pljevlja, Bijelo Polje, Petnjica, Rožaje) | 0.838 |
| 3 | Coastal Montenegro (Herceg Novi, Tivat, Kotor, Budva, Bar, Ulcinj) | 0.825 |
# Trešnjevo

Trešnjevo may refer to:
* Trešnjevo, Andrijevica, a village in Montenegro
* Trešnjevo, Cetinje, a village in the municipality of Cetinje, Montenegro
# Ioan Joldea

Ioan I Joldea (pronunciation: [jo̯an-ʒolde̯a]) was Prince of Moldavia for a few days in September 1552.

## Reign

Ioan Joldea, a Moldavian boyar with the commission rank, was chosen lord in Țuţora by the Sturza and Moghila boyars, after the murder of Ștefan VI Rareș on September 8, 1552. This fact sparked hostilities in Krakow. King Sigismund II Augustus was going to enthrone Alexandru Lăpușneanu, the son of Bogdan III the One-Eyed, in Suceava. Joldea had chosen Ruxandra, the daughter of Petru Rareș, as his wife, in order to be entitled to occupy the throne of the country.
Joldea was heading to Suceava to be anointed lord, but his mistake was the stop at Șipote. Alexandru Lăpușneanu, with support from the nobles Mikołaj Sieniawski and Moțoc, tricked Joldea and his loyal boyars. Joldea was mutilated and removed by Alexander Lăpușneanu.
# Thomas Livingston

Thomas Livingston (alternatively, Thomas de Levinstone or Thomas Livingstone) was a fifteenth-century Scottish cleric, diplomat, and delegate at the Council of Basel and advisor to Kings James I and James II of Scotland. He was additionally Abbot-elect of Newbattle, Abbot of Dundrennan, nominal Bishop of Dunkeld, and also held the Abbey of Coupar Angus in commendam.
Thomas was an illegitimate son of a Scottish lord, probably Sir John Livingston, baron of Callendar. He was born either in the year 1390 or in 1391. In his early twenties he became a student of the new University of St Andrews, graduating with an MA in 1415. Thomas remained there for a few years teaching in the Faculty of Arts before embarking on a career as a Cistercian monk. In 1422 he was elected Abbot of Newbattle, but failed to hold the position because the Pope had already chosen another man, David Croyse. While remaining a Newbattle monk, the following year Thomas entered the University of Cologne in order to become a Master of Theology, which he attained in 1425. Thomas also became a priest, in addition to remaining a monk.
By 1429 at least Thomas was holding the position of Abbot of Dundrennan, but was suffering from severe sight problems. He appears to have obtained from the Pope a dispensation for his "defect of birth", being an illegitimate son, allowing him to remain in office. At this point in time Thomas joined the Council of Basel convoked by Pope Martin V. Thomas was able to advise King James I of Scotland on the issues and helped convince him to send a full delegation. Thomas became one of the most important men at the council and in 1439 it was Thomas, helped by the archdeacon of Metz, who delivered the council report in June which led to the deposition of Pope Eugene IV. In the following August, Thomas travelled to Mainz to attend the Imperial Diet, where he defended the council's decision to depose Eugene, and later became one of the men selected to choose a new Pope, Pope Felix IV/V (previously Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy). Thomas became one of the main supporters of the new pope, and was rewarded with a provision to the Bishopric of Dunkeld in November 1440. Although conciliarism looked doomed by the early 1440s, Thomas nevertheless remained an ardent conciliarist, and helped shape Scottish politics as an adviser during the minority of King James II of Scotland. In 1447 Pope Eugene died, and Livingston was one of the two Basel delegates who went to Vienna to attempt to persuade Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor to convoke a new council of the church.
After the schism caused by the election of Antipope Felix V was finally healed in 1447, the blind Livingston turned his attention to promoting monastic reform, working alongside Cardinal Nikolaus von Kues (a friend of his from university) in the latter's mission in Germany (1451-2). He later returned to Scotland and resumed his role as an advisor to James II. Thomas was never bishop of Dunkeld in anything but name, so had no revenue, although King James did make him Abbot of Coupar Angus in commendam. Thomas died some time before 10 July 1460, at the age of seventy.
# Alfred K. Stern

Alfred Stern was an entrepreneur, cable television executive, and sat as the director on the boards of PBS, Mount Sinai Hospital and Warner Cable Corporation.

## Biography

Stern was the son of Marion Rosenwald and Alfred Stern Sr., and he was the grandson of Julius Rosenwald, a Sears Roebuck partner and Chicago philanthropist.
Stern served the United States Air Force during WWII after attending Deerfield Academy and the University of North Carolina. He was married to Joanne Stern, trustee of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, and later Barbara Biben, a Gannett Co. executive. Stern’s children include Chris Hyman, Cathy Myers as well as Nicholas, Thomas and Margaret Stern, the 2006 Academy Award winner for best animated short.

## Career
### Television

Stern was an early advocate of cable television. After serving as NBC’s Vice President, Enterprises Division (1952-1962), he started and chaired the Television Communications Corporation (1962-1975), focusing on cable. Time Warner acquired that company, and Stern took a position as President and CEO of Warner Cable Corporation and Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs, Warner Communications, Inc (1975-1980). He also served as the Chairman of the National Cable Television Association, where he was named its "Man of the Year", and chairman of the board of directors of the Public Broadcasting System.

### Other leadership roles
#### Chairmanships

Stern became a trustee of Mount Sinai Hospital in 1963 and then its Chairman of the Board (1977-1985), notably heading up a fund to build Mount Sinai campus’ 26-story Annenberg building. He received an honorary doctorate of Humane Letters from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine.
* Chairman of the Board of the Film Society of Lincoln Center
* Chairman of the Board of the Center for Democracy Studies

#### Trustee

* President, board of trustees, Dalton Schools
* Trustee, American Museum of Natural History
* Trustee, New York Public Library
* Trustee, WNET
* Trustee, White House Historical Association (with Barbara Biben)
* Trustee, Radcliffe College, 1979-1981
# Eupithecia morosa

Eupithecia morosa is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Kyrgyzstan.
# Eswar

Eswar may refer to the following people:
* Eswar (1938–2021), publicity designer in Telugu cinema
* Eswar Prasad (born 1965), Indian economist
* Theni Eswar, Indian cinematographer
# José Figueroa Sancha

José Figueroa Sancha is a former superintendent of the Puerto Rico Police Department and former deputy director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Puerto Rico. After being appointed by governor of Puerto Rico Luis Fortuño as superintendent in 2008, he resigned in 2011 amidst criticisms in the middle of a crime wave in the island.

## Career with the FBI

He joined the FBI in 1986. He served as a liaison officer at the U.S. Embassy in the Dominican Republic. As deputy director of the FBI in Puerto Rico, Figueroa Sancha was one of the people in charge of the operative where Filiberto Ojeda Ríos was killed in September 2005. He was also the agent in charge of an operative at an apartment building in Río Piedras where agents pushed and shoved members of the press, spraying them with pepper spray. The incident caused a lot of commotion amongst the press community and the Puerto Rico Press Association and the Overseas Press Club sued the FBI.

## Career as superintendent

In 1993, then-Superintendent Pedro Toledo appointed him deputy associate director of the Police. In November 2009, Puerto Rico Governor-elect Luis Fortuño named Figueroa Sancha as superintendent of the Puerto Rico Police Department, and he was confirmed by the Senate in January.
During 2010, Figueroa Sancha dealt with numerous riots and incidents involving students of the University of Puerto Rico and members of the police. These were as a result of a student's strike against new policies from the university administration and the government.
In 2011, the rate of murders in Puerto Rico increased rapidly, which led many sectors to ask for Figueroa Sancha's resignation. Figueroa Sancha officially resigned on July 2, 2011, after less than three years in his position, after criticism for his work and the lack of positive results under his command. Allegedly, the governor asked him to resign, but this was denied by the government. Puerto Rico recorded its second-worst year for killings under his watch in 2010, while 2011 is currently the worst in the history of the island.

## Political aspirations

After his resignation, Figueroa Sancha admitted that he had been approached by leaders of the PNP, Thomas Rivera Schatz and Héctor O'Neill, for a possible aspiration to the Senate of Puerto Rico. However, Jorge Santini, mayor of San Juan, didn't support him. Two days later, Figueroa Sancha announced that he wouldn't run for the Senate and would instead dedicate his time to a private security company he had started.
# Maria Bergson

Maria Bergson (1914 – March 19, 2009) was an American interior designer, industrial designer, and architect best known for revolutionizing commercial office design. She specialized in the design of commercial interiors including offices, banks, hotels, hospitals, stores and the design of furniture and lighting fixtures. She was the first woman designer to be published in Who's Who in America (1956). In 1990, she was inducted in Interior Design magazine's Interior Design Hall of Fame and recognized as a pioneer in contract interiors and speaking out of the importance of professionalism.

## Early life and education

Born in Vienna in 1914, she came to America in 1940. She is the daughter of Egon Bergson and Therese Bergson. She was an actress prior to moving to America.

## Work

In 1944, Bergson began her career in commercial interior design after working as a secretary at Time, Inc. She spoke openly to executives about how the office set-up could be improved and expressed her opinions based on her first hand experience. When the office moved into a new space, an executive asked for advice from Bergson. Her plans made sense to the executive and asked her to draw up and execute her ideas. Soon after she started her own company, Maria Bergson Associates (MBA) with locations in New York and Los Angeles. She specialized in the design of offices, banks, hotels, hospitals, stores and other commercial interiors, along with the design of accompanying furniture and lighting fixtures. In 1949, she devised 64 square foot partitioned modular work stations that provided a maximum of work surface within arm's reach.
She designed a modular workspace that included ten units that could be rearranged in 46 customizable arrangements to fit an individual's need. The design included compartments for files, books, letters, pencils, cigarettes, and paper clips.
She designed and patented a typewriter desk – United States Patent 2545253. It was filed on April 1, 1948, and published on March 13, 1951.
Her innovations in hospital design giving thought to patients and staff, included private areas for patients and indirect diffused lights were widely adopted in the United States and Sweden.
Her clients included: Time, Inc., American Airlines, Citibank, DuPont, IBM, New York Telephone, the U.S. Post Office, Independence Air, Prudential Insurance Co., U.S. Borax & Chemical Co., Union Bank & Trust Co., and Owens-Corning Fiberglass.

## Exhibits

* Office Furniture Design at The Art Alliance, 251 S. 18th Street, Pennsylvania, March 30 – April 25, 1948.

## Awards

* Interior Design Magazine's Hall of Fame (1990)
# The Fire Itself

The Fire Itself is the fifth studio album by American metalcore band Phinehas. The album was released on August 27, 2021, through Solid State Records. It was produced by Sean McCulloch and Daniel Gailey, the band's vocalist and guitarist. The album marks the longest gap between two albums from the band to date, spanning almost four years since Dark Flag.

## Background and promotion

On August 1, 2020, Phinehas announced that it had begun writing for the album, expecting to release it in 2021. On March 27, 2021, the band posted a photo on its official Facebook page, announcing that production of the album had begun. On July 8, Phinehas released a brand new single "In the Night" and announced the album itself. At the same time, the band revealed the album cover, the track list and release date. On July 29, they debuted the second single "Eternally Apart". On August 20, one week before the album release, the band unveiled the third single and title track "The Fire Itself".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Phinehas; all music is composed by Phinehas

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Discogs.

### Phinehas

* Sean McCulloch – lead vocals, production, engineering, artwork
* Daniel Gailey – guitars, backing vocals, production, engineering
* Bryce Kelley – bass, backing vocals
* Isaiah Perez – drums

### Additional personnel

* Carson Slovak – mixing, mastering
* Grant McFarland – mixing, mastering
* Eric Powell – booking
* Adam Skatula – A&R
# Geoffrey Tumusiime

Geoffrey Katsigazi Tumusiime, is a Ugandan military officer and diplomat, who serves as the Inspector General of Police of Uganda, since 4 March 2024. He is a Major General in the UPDF and immediately prior to his current assignment, he served as the Deputy Commander of the UPDF Air Force. Previously, he served as the Defence Liaison Officer at the headquarters of the East African Community, in Arusha, Tanzania.

## Military career

Major General Geoffrey Katsigazi Tumusiime served in the past as Commander of the UPDF Motorized Infantry Brigade and as the Acting Chief of Staff of the UPDF Land Forces, among other appointments.
In January 2020, he took over as deputy commander of the UPDF Air Force, replacing Major General Gavas Mugyenyi, who was appointed Uganda's military attache to India. On 28 March 2020, he was promoted from the rank of Brigadier to that of Major General.
# Johann Peter Berg

Johann Peter Berg (September 3, 1737 – March 3, 1800) was a German Protestant theologian, historian, and Orientalist.
Berg was born in Bremen, and studied at Leiden University. In 1762 he became Professor of Greek and Oriental languages at the University of Bremen, but moved in 1763 to the University of Duisburg, where he taught nearly until his death in Duisburg in 1800. He translated various Arabic works, and lectured on a wide range of theological subjects. He also published an annotated copy of the Arabic dictionary of Golius, which served as the basis for that of Freytag.

## Works

* Specimen Philol. ad Selecta V. T. Loca (Leiden, 1761)
* Reformationsgeschichte der Länder Jülich, Cleve, Berg, Mark (Hamm, 1826, ed. by Tross)