OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rudrasimha I

Rudrasimha I was a Western Kshatrapa ruler, who reigned from 178 to 197 CE. He was son of Rudradaman I, grandson of Jayadaman, and grand-grandson of Chashtana. During his reign, the Abhiras became increasingly important. Some of them were even serving as generals. Ashvini Agrawal thinks that the Abhira king Isvardatta was a general in the service of Rudrasimha I who deposed his master in 188 A.D and ascended the throne. Ashvini Agrawal further says that Rudrasimha I soon deposed him and regained the throne in 190 A.D.

## Reign
### Numismatics and Epigraphics

From the reigns of Jivadaman and Rudrasimha I, the date of minting of each coin, reckoned in the Saka era, is usually written on the obverse behind the king's head in Brahmi numerals, allowing for a quite precise datation of the rule of each king. This is a rather uncommon case in Indian numismatics. Some, such as the numismat R.C Senior considered that these dates might correspond to the much earlier Azes era instead.

### Influence of Abhiras

During his reign, the Abhiras became increasingly important. Some of them were even serving as generals. Ashvini Agrawal thinks that the Abhira king Isvardatta was a general in the service of Rudrasimha I who deposed his master in 188 A.D and ascended the throne. Ashvini Agrawal further says that Rudrasimha I soon deposed him and regained the throne in 190 A.D.
Rudrasimha I is also known for an inscription in Sanskrit at Gunda, north Kathiawar, mentioning "the digging of a well for the welfare of society by Senapati Bapaka's son, Rudrabhuti Abhira", and dated to Saka era 103 (181 CE). The inscription also gives a detailed genealogy of the kings up to Rudrasimha:
   "Hail ! On the [auspicious] fifth tithi of the bright fortnight of Vaisakha during the auspicious period of the constellation of Rohini, in the year one hundred and three — 100 3 — (during the reign) of the king, the Kshatrapa Lord Rudrasiha (Rudrasimha), the son of the king, the Maha-Kshatrapa Lord Rudradaman (and) son’s son of the king, the Kshatrapa Lord Jayadaman, (and) grandson’s son of the king, the Maha-Kshatrapa Lord Chashtana, the well was caused to be dug and embanked by the general (senapati) Rudrabuthi, the son of the general (senapati) Bapaka, the Abhira, at the village (grama) of Rasopadra, for the welfare and comfort of all living beings."
The inscription refers Rudrasimha to as simply a ksatrapa, ignoring the existence of any mahaksatrapa. According to Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya, this indicates that the Abhira general was the de facto ruler of the state, though not assuming any higher title. The inscription states Abhira Rudrabhuti as the son of the general Bapaka. The Abhira dynasty was probably related Abhira Rudrabhuti.
# Rudrasimha II

Rudrasimha II (304–348) was a ruler of the Western Satraps He declared on his coins to be the son of a Lord (Svami) named Jivadaman.
His coinage is coeval with that of other rulers, who may have been sub-kings and were his sons: Yasodaman II (317–332) and Rudradaman II (332–348).
During his rule, a Saka ruler inscribed the Kanakerha inscription, on the hill of Sanchi mentioning the construction of a well by the Saka chief and "righteous conqueror" (dharmaviyagi mahadandanayaka) Sridharavarman (339-368 CE). Another inscription of the same Sridhavarman with his military commander is known from Eran. These inscription point to the extent of Saka rule as the time of Rudrasimha II.
Coins of Rudrasimha were found inside the Buddhist stupa of Devnimori in Gujarat.
# Rudravaram, Prakasam district

Rudravaram is a village in Santhanuthalapadu mandal, Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh, India.
# Russian destroyer Severomorsk

Severomorsk is a Udaloy-class destroyer. The ship entered service with the Soviet Navy in 1987 and after the breakup of the Soviet Union, became part of the Russian Navy.

## Development and design

Project 1155 dates to the 1970s when it was concluded that it was too costly to build large-displacement, multi-role combatants. The concept of a specialized surface ship was developed by Soviet designers.
They are 156 metres (511 ft 10 in) in length, 17.3 metres (56 ft 9 in) in beam and 6.5 metres (21 ft 4 in) in draught.

## Construction and career

Severomorsk was laid down on 12 June 1984 and launched on 24 December 1985 by Severnaya Verf in Saint Petersburg. She was commissioned on 30 December 1987.
On 4 October 2017, a detachment of ships led by Severomorsk arrived at the main base of the Northern Fleet, Severomorsk, after successfully completing exercises in the Arctic Ocean.
Beginning on 5 July 2018, the destroyer began a long voyage, visiting ports in Algeria, Victoria, Australia, Pemba and Antsiranana. Severomorsk took part in the Russian-Japanese naval anti-piracy exercises in the Gulf of Aden and then in Russian-Pakistani exercises on anti-piracy activities Arabian Monsoon 2018.
On 8 January 2019, the ship passed the Dardanelles and entered the Sea of Marmara. On 10 January, the ship arrived at Sevastopol to restore technical readiness, after which it continued a long sea voyage. At the beginning of April, Severomorsk performed tasks in the Mediterranean. In mid-2019 she participated in the naval parade in Saint Petersburg.
In mid-2020 Severomorsk was deployed to the Bering Sea via the Northern sea route. Before returning to her homeport at Severomorsk, in November the ship sailed just outside of British territorial waters in the Moray Firth alongside the tanker Sergey Osipov.
In January 2021, she entered the Barents Sea for naval artillery drills. She remained active as of 2023.

## Gallery

* Severomorsk anchored on 7 January 1991.
* Severomorsk underway on 28 September 2017.
* Severomorsk during the Russian Navy Day Parade in 2023.
# Wolfgang Heinz (criminologist)

Wolfgang Heinz (born 23 April 1942 in Pforzheim) is a German criminologist and writer on jurisprudence.
# Wireless Weekly

Wireless Weekly was Australia's first news-stand wireless magazine (not counting the AWA monthly), published in 1922 in Sydney by William John Foster St Clair Maclardy ("W. J. Maclardy") and his father William McIntyre St Clair Maclardy ("W. M. Maclardy"). W. J. Maclardy was one of the founders of the "A" Class radio station 2SB (soon changed to 2BL). It arose from conversations between Florence Violet (Vera) McKenzie OBE (née Wallace), aka 'Violet Wallace, 'Vera Wallace' and later 'Mrs Mac' (1890-1982), who owned a wireless shop in the Royal Arcade, Sydney, Ron Marsden her engineer, and Maclardy. The front cover featured a photo of amateur radio activity.

## First issue

The first issue of Wireless Weekly was planned in weekly meetings in Mr. MacLardy's reportedly 'dark and dusty basement' in Castlereagh Street, Sydney. Mrs Mackenzie wrote industry news, components notes, a short story or maybe a wireless 'poem'. Mr. Marsden wrote technical article. Mr A. Mitchell, as Editor, arranged the material, adding relevant material from Sydney's Evening News daily where he worked.
The first 12- page issue had a print run of a few hundred copies, and went on sale from Mrs. Mackenzie's shop at 8am on 4 August 1922. It carried the imprint: Published by WJ.MacLardy, 249 Castlereagh Street, Sydney.
Initially Wireless Weekly was exclusively for amateurs, but gradually became a broadcast listeners' journal. With the start of commercial broadcasting in 1923, it featured information about commercial stations and programs and flourished, often exceeding 64 pages.

## Sale and continued publication

In 1923 the publication was sold to Wireless Newspapers Ltd. As time passed, Wireless Weekly became a listeners' weekly program magazine sometimes including small booklets as supplements, listing amateur and commercial radio stations.
The Wireless Weekly became the monthly magazine "Radio & Hobbies", then "Radio, Television & Hobbies", and finally Electronics Australia, and remained in circulation until 2001.

## Special Publications

Throughout the life of Wireless Weekly, the publishers produced a range of adjuncts to the magazine. Sometimes these were simply supplements of a few pages, included in the sold magazine, but which could be readily separated from the magazine proper. But less frequently, larger special publications were produced and sold separately to the main magazine, including:
* "A Booklet of Call Signs" 27 November 1931
* "What Station was That" 24 August 1934
* "What Station is That" 6 December 1935.
# Wirmandi Sugriat

Wirmandi Sugriat (born 5 August 1971) is an Indonesian swimmer. He competed in four events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Woodford Town F.C. (1937)

Woodford Town F.C. was an English football club based in Woodford, Greater London.

## History

The club was established in 1937, and were founder members of the Delphian League in 1951. In 1961 they switched to the Metropolitan League, before joining Division One of the Greater London League in 1967. They left the Greater London League at the end of the 1968–69 season, and rejoined the Metropolitan League in 1970.
At the end of the 1970–71 season they joined Division One South of the Southern League, but left after a single season in which they finished bottom of the table. They joined the Essex Senior League in 1976, before switching to the Athenian League in 1979. They rejoined the Southern Division of Southern League in 1982, and played in the Anglo-Italian Cup in 1986 losing 4–0 to Piacenza in the semi-final and then 3–2 to Merthyr Tydfil in the 3rd Place play-off. Despite finishing third in 1986–87 and reaching the first round of the FA Cup for the first time, they dropped back into the Essex Senior League at the end of the season.
In 1993 the club lost its Snakes Lane ground, and transferred to Division One of the Spartan League, which merged into the Spartan South Midlands League in 1997, with Woodford placed in the Premier Division South. However, they left the league in 1998 and dropped into the London Intermediate League, before returning to the Essex Senior League in 1999. They remained in the league until being voted out in 2003 after finishing bottom of the league for three seasons in a row.
A re-formed club – formerly Bush Hill Rangers – began playing in 2015 at the Goldsdown Stadium in Brimsdown. This reformed club only lasted one season, with a third club, Woodford Town 2017 arising in the Essex Senior League after Haringey & Waltham changed their name.

## Ground

The club played at Snakes Lane until being evicted in 1993. They then played at various non-League grounds in East London. Their final season was spent groundsharing at Clapton's Old Spotted Dog Ground.

## Notable players

Johnny Haynes played for the club as a boy, whilst Jimmy Greaves played for the club before retiring altogether (for some years his father was club president).

## Records

* Best FA Cup performance: First round, 1986–87
* Best FA Vase performance: Fourth round: 1986–87
# Rundall

Rundall is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Francis Rundall (1908–1987), British diplomat
* Mary Ann Rundall (died 1839), British educational writer
# Rukhaniyat Party

The Rukhaniyat Party was a political party in Kazakhstan. At the legislative elections, 19 September and 3 October 2004, the party won 0.4% of the popular vote and no seats. In the 18 August 2007 Assembly elections, the party won again 0.4% of the popular vote and no seats.
The party was founded in 1995 by Altynshash Zhaganova.
The name Rukhaniyat means spirituality, from the root Rukh. See the discussion of the etymology of the word spirit for a brief discussion of the Arabic origins of this word.
# Russian Professional Basketball League Awards

The Russian Professional Basketball League Awards were the awards that were given out by the former top-tier level professional basketball league in Russia, the Russian Professional Basketball League (RPBL).

## PBL Awards
### Russian Professional Basketball League (PBL) 2010–11 season awards
#### PBL Regular Season MVP

* Maciej Lampe (UNICS Kazan)

#### PBL Playoffs MVP

* Victor Khryapa (CSKA Moscow)

#### PBL All-Symbolic Team

* PBL First Symbolic Team
** Patrick Beverley (Spartak St. Petersburg)
** Keith Langford (Khimki Moscow Region)
** Henry Domercant (Spartak St. Petersburg)
** Sergei Monia (Khimki Moscow Region)
** Maciej Lampe (UNICS Kazan)
* PBL Second Symbolic Team
** Marcus Williams (Yenisey Krasnoyarsk)
** Terrell Lyday (UNICS Kazan)
** Ramūnas Šiškauskas (CSKA Moscow)
** Jeremiah Massey (Lokomotiv Kuban)
** Lonny Baxter (Yenisey Krasnoyarsk)

### Russian Professional Basketball League (PBL) 2011–12 season awards
#### PBL Regular Season MVP

* Davon Jefferson (Triumph Lyubertsy)

#### PBL Playoffs MVP

* Alexey Shved (CSKA Moscow)

#### PBL All-Symbolic Team

* PBL First Symbolic Team
** Patrick Beverley (Spartak St. Petersburg)
** Zoran Planinić (Khimki Moscow Region)
** Davon Jefferson (Triumph Lyubertsy)
** Andrei Kirilenko (CSKA Moscow)
** Jeremiah Massey (Lokomotiv Kuban)
* PBL Second Symbolic Team
** Torey Thomas (Spartak Primorye)
** Vitaly Fridzon (Khimki Moscow Region)
** Sergey Karasev (Triumph Lyubertsy)
** Victor Khryapa (CSKA Moscow)
** Vladimir Veremeenko (UNICS Kazan)
# Rutgers Film Co-op/New Jersey Media Arts Center

The Rutgers Film Co-op/New Jersey Media Arts Center is a film society established in 1982 and based at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.
The Rutgers Film Co-op/NJMAC presents year-round programming, including two festivals, which screen classic, independent, international, and experimental films and videos and often include discussions with filmmakers, performers, screenwriters and production crews.
Festivals are organised in conjunction with the Cinema Studies program at Rutgers. Events have taken place at College Avenue Campus at the Voorhees Hall, Scott Hall, Zimmerli Art Museum, as well as the State Theatre and Crossroads Theatre.

## New Jersey Film Festival

The New Jersey Film Festival, founded in 1982, is juried film competition and ongoing public film series devoted to "experimental, offbeat and influential cinema".

## United States Super 8mm Film + Digital Video Festival

The United States Super 8mm Film + Digital Video Festival, established in 1988, takes place annually is the longest running Super 8mm festival in the US.

## Founder

The founder, executive director, and curator of the Rutgers Film Co-op/New Jersey Media Arts Center is Albert Gabriel Nigrin, a filmmaker and cinema studies lecturer at Rutgers. He was born (circa 1959) in Charlottesville, Virginia. He received a Bachelor of Arts from Binghamton University, a Master of Fine Arts in Visual Arts/Film and Video, and a Master of Arts in French Literature from Rutgers University. Nigrin has received fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts, the American Film Institute Mid-Atlantic Media Arts Fellowship Program and the Ford Foundation, and a 2002 New Jersey State Council on the Arts Media Arts Fellowship.
# Wood car racing

Wood car racing is a racing event for youth who build small cars from wood, usually from kits containing a block of pine, plastic wheels and metal axles. Kids from all over the world participate in events related to wood car racing.

## History

The pinewood derby was created as an event for Cub Scouts in the Boy Scouts of America. The first pinewood derby was held on May 15, 1953 at the Scout House in Manhattan Beach, California by Cub Scout Pack 280C (the present Pack 713). The concept was created by the Cub Pack’s Cubmaster Don Murphy, and sponsored by the Management Club at North American Aviation.
Murphy's son was too young to participate in the popular Soap Box Derby races, so he came up with the idea of racing miniature wood cars. The cars had the same gravity-powered concept as the full-size Soap Box Derby cars, but were much smaller and easier to build.
The pinewood derby had a sensational first year. The originator of the idea—Don Murphy and the Management Club of North American Aviation—sent out thousands of brochures to anyone who requested more information. The idea spread rapidly, and competitions were held across the country, mainly with recreation departments and nonprofit organizations including the Los Angeles County Department of Recreation. Of all that early enthusiasm, however, only the Boy Scouts of America made it part of an official program.

## Other races

As the popularity of the pinewood derby grew, other organizations adopted the concept. Pinewood derby is a registered trademark of the BSA, so most use different names. Each derby has slightly different rules for making and racing their cars.
* Awana has the Awana Grand Prix.
* Calvinist Cadet Corps hold Model Car Derbies
* Christian Service Brigade uses the name Shape N Race Derby.
* Girl Scouts of the USA has the Girl Scout Grand Prix. and Powder Puff Derby. Some GSUSA troops compete against Cub Scout packs.
* Pioneer Clubs and the Lutheran Girl/Boy Pioneers call their races, Pine Car Derby.
* Royal Ambassadors have RA Racers or RA Racer Derby.
* Royal Rangers's event, the Pinewood Derby, use a different kit with an original style narrow wheel, adjustable screw axle and wooden dowel axle housing.
* Scouts Canada has the Kub Kar Rally for Cub Scouts, Beaver Buggies for Beaver Scouts, and Scout Express trucks for Scouts.
* Trail Life USA's similar event is called the Trail Life Grand Prix.
* Valve cover racing is an event at some car shows using vehicles made from valve covers.
* Woodcar Independent Racing League open to anyone of any age
* YMCA Y-Guides' and Y-Princesses' (formerly YMCA Indian Guides) "chule car" (pine car) races use the same kit as the Royal Rangers.
* BSA has recently added an 18-wheeler category to Pinewood Derby, similar to Scout Express trucks from Scouts Canada.
# Ruthven Wade

Air Chief Marshal Sir Ruthven Lowry "Gerry" Wade, KCB, DFC (15 July 1920 – 24 September 2001) was a senior Royal Air Force officer who served as Vice-Chief of the Air Staff from 1973 to 1976.

## RAF career

Educated at Cheltenham College, Wade joined the Royal Air Force in 1938 and served in the Second World War. After the war, he became Officer Commanding No. 39 Squadron and then Station Commander at RAF Gaydon. He was appointed Director of Operations – Bomber and Reconnaissance in 1966, Air Executive to Deputy for Nuclear Affairs at SHAPE in 1967, and Air Officer Commanding No. 1 Group in 1968. He went on to be Deputy Commander-in-Chief at RAF Germany in 1971, Assistant Chief of the Air Staff (Operations) in January 1973, and Vice-Chief of the Air Staff in November 1973. His last appointment was as Chief of Personnel and Logistics in 1976 before he retired in 1978.

## Family

In 1945 he married Denise Davis; they had a son.
# Rustampur

Rustampur is a village in Rahi block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 7 km from Rae Bareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, it has a total population of 4,546 people, in 843 households. It has one primary school and one primary health centre. It serves as the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat which also includes 12 other villages.
Rustampur hosts a Shivratri festival dedicated to the worship of Shiva on Phalguna Badi 13. Vendors bring toys, sweets, and various everyday items to sell at the festival. The village also hosts a haat twice per week, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, and which mostly involves trade in cattle and leather goods.
The 1951 census recorded Rustampur as comprising 14 hamlets, with a total population of 1,505 people (768 male and 737 female), in 321 households and 236 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 791 acres. 98 residents were literate, 95 male and 3 female. The village was listed as belonging to the pargana of Rae Bareli North and the thana of Kotwali. There was a primary school in Rustampur at that point with an attendance of 202 students as of 1 January 1951.
The 1961 census recorded Rustampur as comprising 14 hamlets, with a total population of 1,760 people (884 male and 876 female), in 363 households and 357 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 791 acres. Average attendance of the Shivratri festival was about 500 people, and attendance for the twice-weekly haat was about 600.
The 1981 census recorded Rustampur as having a population of 2,615 people, in 485 households, and having an area of 322.55 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.
The 1991 census recorded Rustampur as having a total population of 2,999 people (1,611 male and 1,388 female), in 578 households and 567 physical houses. The area of the village was listed as 326 hectares. Members of the 0-6 age group numbered 528, or 18% of the total; this group was 54% male (285) and 46% female (243). Members of scheduled castes numbered 857, or 28.5% of the village's total population, while no members of scheduled tribes were recorded. The literacy rate of the village was 28% (659 men and 188 women). 1,103 people were classified as main workers (861 men and 242 women), while 4 people were classified as marginal workers (all women); the remaining 1,892 residents were non-workers. The breakdown of main workers by employment category was as follows: 730 cultivators (i.e. people who owned or leased their own land); 220 agricultural labourers (i.e. people who worked someone else's land in return for payment); 6 workers in livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting, plantations, orchards, etc.; 0 in mining and quarrying; 0 household industry workers; 29 workers employed in other manufacturing, processing, service, and repair roles; 20 construction workers; 41 employed in trade and commerce; 11 employed in transport, storage, and communications; and 46 in other services.
# Woodrow Wilson Boyhood Home

The Woodrow Wilson Boyhood Home is a historic house museum at 419 7th Street in Augusta, Georgia. Built in 1859, it was a childhood home of Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924), the 28th president of the United States and proponent of the League of Nations. The house is owned and operated by Historic Augusta, Inc., and was designated a National Historic Landmark on October 6, 2008.

## Description and history

The Wilson Boyhood Home is located in downtown Augusta, at the northern corner of Telfair and 7th Streets. It stands adjacent to the Joseph R. Lamar Boyhood Home, which now serves as the visitors center for the house, and diagonally across the street corner from the First Presbyterian Church, for which it served as a manse. It is a two-story brick structure, with a side gable roof, five-bay front facade, and a pair of end chimneys. Located behind the house are a service building and carriage house, built about the same time of the house, also out of load-bearing brick. The main facade has a center entrance, sheltered by a portico supported by paired Tuscan columns. The entry is framed by sidelight windows and topped by a transom window. The interior has been restored to a c. 1860 appearance, and is decorated with period furnishings and Wilson memorabilia. One of the bedroom windows has the name "Tom" etched in it; this is believed to have been made by Wilson, whose first name was Thomas, and he was called "Tom" or "Tommy" as a child.
The house was built and occupied by the Wilsons in 1859. Until 1872 it was the home of Dr. Joseph Ruggles Wilson, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, and his family, which included his son Thomas, born 1856 in Virginia. The younger Wilson spent his formative years here, experiencing the American Civil War and the Reconstruction Era that followed. Wilson, later U.S. president from 1913 to 1921, was profoundly affected by these experiences.
The property remained the manse of the church, housing its ministers, until 1929, by which time the building had undergone a number of alterations and modernizing updates, but was in poor condition. After passing through a number of owners and uses, the property was purchased at auction by Historic Augusta in 1991, which then spent 10 years painstakingly restoring it to its 1860 appearance. It was opened as a house museum in 2001.