OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Giulio Carlo de' Toschi di Fagnano

Giulio Carlo, Count Fagnano, Marquis de Toschi (26 September 1682 — 18 May 1766) was an Italian mathematician. He was probably the first to direct attention to the theory of elliptic integrals. Fagnano was born in Senigallia (at the time spelled "Sinigaglia"), and also died there.

## Life

Giulio Fagnano was born to Francesco Fagnano and Camilla Bartolini in Senigallia (at the time spelled "Sinigaglia") in 1682.
Fagnano had twelve children. One, Giovanni Fagnano, was also well-known as a mathematician. Another of Fagnano's children became a Benedictine nun.
In 1721, Fagnano was made a count by Louis XV; in 1723, he was appointed gonfaloniere of Senigallia and elected to the Royal Society of London; in 1745 he was made a marquis of Sant' Onofrio.

## Mathematical work

Fagnano made his higher studies at the Collegio Clementino in Rome, and there won great distinction — except in mathematics, to which his aversion was extreme. Only after his college course did he take up the study of mathematics; but then, without help from any teacher, he mastered mathematics from its foundations. Most of his important researches were published in the Giornale de' Letterati d'Italia.
Fagnano is best known for investigations on the length and division of arcs of certain curves, especially the lemniscate (cf. Lemniscate elliptic functions); this seems also to have been in his own estimation his most important work, since he had the figure of the lemniscate with the inscription "Multifariam divisa atque dimensa Deo veritatis gloria" engraved on the title-page of his Produzioni Matematiche, which he published in two volumes (Pesaro, 1750), and dedicated to Pope Benedict XIV. The same figure and words "Deo veritatis gloria" also appear on his tomb.
Failing to rectify the ellipse or hyperbola, Fagnano attempted to determine arcs whose difference is rectifiable. The word "rectifiable" meant at that time that the length can be found explicitly, which is different from its modern meaning. He also pointed out the remarkable analogy existing between the integrals which represent the arc of a circle and the arc of a lemniscate. He also proved the formula
    $\pi =2i\log {1-i \over 1+i}$
where $i$ stands for ${\sqrt {-1}}$.
Some mathematicians objected to his methods of analysis founded on the infinitesimal calculus. The most prominent of these were Viviani, De la Hire and Rolle.
# Vavuniya Muslim Maha Vidyalayam

Vavuniya Muslim Maha Vidyalayam is a national school in Vavuniya, Sri Lanka.
# Vavuniya North Divisional Secretariat

Vavuniya North Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Vavuniya District, of Northern Province, Sri Lanka.
# Vaun O'Callaghan

Vaun Jon O'Callaghan is a New Zealand rugby league player who represented New Zealand in 1985.

## Playing career

O'Callaghan played for Huntly South in the Waikato Rugby League competition and was a Waikato representative. He was selected for the New Zealand national rugby league team in 1985. O'Callaghan however did not play in any Test matches for New Zealand.
In 1989 O'Callaghan played for the Otahuhu Leopards in the Auckland Rugby League competition and represented Auckland.
# Vatici

Vatici is a commune in Orhei District, Moldova. It is composed of three villages: Curchi, Tabăra and Vatici.
The Orthodox Curchi Monastery is located in the commune.
# Velizar Iliev

Velizar Iliev (born March 9, 1966) is an American modern pentathlete. He competed in the men's individual event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Velići

Velići (Italian: Velli) is a village in Vižinada-Visinada municipality in Istria County, Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 45. It was 30 in 2001.
# Vanuatu Hockey Federation

The Vanuatu Hockey Federation is the governing body of field hockey in Vanuatu, Oceania. Its headquarters were earlier in St. Tusmore, South Australia, Australia, but now have been moved to Port Vila, Vanuatu. It is affiliated to IHF International Hockey Federation and OCF Oceania Hockey Federation.
Peter Robinson is the President of Hockey Association of Vanuatu and Lolyne Kalsrap is the General Secretary.
In the International Hockey Federation's 2014 Congress Awards, Vanuatu won the Etienne Glichitch Award. This recognised hockey as the fastest growing sport in Vanuatu, as identified by their Olympic Committee.
# Ventriloquist (disambiguation)

A ventriloquist is a person who practices ventriloquism.
Ventriloquist or The Ventriloquist may refer to:
* Ventriloquist (character), a DC Comics character
* The Ventriloquist (album), a 2007/2008 album by Ruby Throat
* The Ventriloquist, a 2012 short film produced by Dana Brunetti and starring Kevin Spacey
* "Ventriloquist", a song by +/- from the 2003 album You Are Here
# Ventriloquizzing

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Entertainment.ie | |
| Spin | |
| Pitchfork Media | 6.3/10 |
Ventriloquizzing is the fourth album by Fujiya & Miyagi released in 2011. It is the first album on which the band chose to share producer credits, bringing in Thom Monahan to assist on the project.

## Track listing

* "Ventriloquizzing"
* "Sixteen Shades of Black & Blue"
* "Cat Got Your Tongue"
* "Taiwanese Boots"
* "Yoyo"
* "Pills"
* "OK"
* "Minestrone"
* "Spilt Milk"
* "Tinsel & Glitter"
* "Universe"
* "Obstacles" (iTunes Bonus Track)

## Release history

| Country | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United Kingdom | 17 January 2011 | Full Time Hobby | Compact Disc | FTH096CD |
| United States | 25 January 2011 | Yep Roc | Compact Disc | |
# Veretski Pass (band)

Veretski Pass is a klezmer trio using traditional instrumentation of accordion, violin, cimbalom and bowed double bass. They are based in the United States, and are named after Verecke Pass, the mountain pass through which Magyar tribes crossed into the Carpathian basin to settle what later became the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Members of this group have previously played in other Klezmer groups such as Budowitz and Brave Old World.
The band's music has a mix of Carpathian, Jewish, Romanian, Ottoman, Moldavian, Bessarabian, and Polish influences, amongst others.
They performed at the Concertgebouw Concert Hall in Amsterdam in March 2006.

## Band members

* Cookie Segelstein (violin, viola)
* Stuart Brotman (bass, basy, baraban, Carpathian flute)
* Joshua Horowitz (tsimbl, accordion)

## Discography

* 2004 Veretski Pass (Golden Horn Records)
* 2008 Trafik (Golden Horn Records)
* 2011 The Klezmer Shul (Golden Horn Records)
* 2015, with Joel Rubin Poyln, A Gilgul (Golden Horn Records)
* 2019, with Joel Rubin The Magid Chronicles (Golden Horn Records), based on the work of Sofia Magid
# Velora alboplagiata

Velora alboplagiata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1927 and is known from Australia.
# Verdix

Verdix Corporation was an American software company active in the 1980s and 1990s and based in Fairfax County, Virginia, that specialized in language compilers for the Ada programming language.
Verdix was founded in 1982 by George Cowan and Donn Milton. It became a public company in 1983. Cohen served as its CEO and chair while Milton managed the company's Ada Products Division. Its initial offices were in McLean, Virginia but it subsequently moved to Chantilly and then Herndon, all within Fairfax County in northern Virginia.
The Verdix Ada Development System (VADS) provided a set of tools for software developers who create complex systems. It included an Ada compiler, a visual debugger, a library management system, and an efficient runtime system. VADS was sold in several configurations:
* VADS self: For self-hosted systems running on workstations
* VADScross: For applications embedded in microprocessors
* VADSworks: For networked microprocessor applications providing critical communications and efficiency
* VADSpro: A complete configuration management system integrated with IDE OODSA/Ada, SART (automated reasoning tools), and Interleaf
* VADS APSE: VADSpro plus tools for developing CASE applications
* VSLAN (Verdix Secure Local Area Network): For developers working in highly secure environments
The company achieved its first official validated Ada compiler in January 1985. Verdix became known for the large number of Ada compilers it offered on many different systems, selling both native compilers and cross-compilers for embedded systems architectures. By 1992 Verdix had 105 different Ada compilers on the Ada Joint Program Office validated compilers list, easily the most of any Ada vendor (next highest was Alsys with 60). Its revenues were around $13 million.
The Ada software environment was originally thought to be a promising market, with a number of small, new companies including Verdix seeking to gain a foothold in it. But the Ada compiler business proved to be a difficult one to be in; many of the advantages of the language for general-purpose programming were not seen as such by the general software engineering community or by educators.
Consolidations happened within the Ada software tools industry. In 1991 Verix bought Meridian Software Systems, another Ada compiler company. In 1994, Verdix itself was acquired by Rational Software.
# Verne Mason

Verne Rheem Mason (August 8, 1889 – November 16, 1965) was an eminent American internist and associate of Howard Hughes. Mason was chairman of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's medical advisory committee.

## Early years

Born at Wapello, Iowa, in 1889, Mason received a B.S. from University of California, Berkeley, in 1911, and an M.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1915. As a medical resident at Hopkins in 1922 Mason gave the disease sickle cell anemia its name.

## Internist

When motion picture director Frank Capra fell ill with a mysterious fever after completing It Happened One Night, Columbia Pictures chief Harry Cohn called in Mason to diagnose and treat Capra's illness. In 1938, Mason was one of the physicians called to the sickbed of General of the Armies John J. Pershing. The commander of the American Expeditionary Force in France in World War I was in a coma and sinking. Mason made the medical report on General Pershing, who recovered and lived for 10 years more. When Howard Hughes lay near death in Los Angeles in 1946, following the crash of his experimental plane, the XF-11, he summoned Mason and asked, "Am I going to live?" "I don't know," Mason replied. "Then give this message to the Army," Hughes said. "The accident was caused by the rear half of the right propeller, which suddenly switched into reverse pitch position."
Verne Mason became Hughes personal physician.

## Final years

Mason was for many years a member of the medical faculty of the University of Southern California, a professor of clinical medicine, and an attending physician at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital. He was considered a leading internist and diagnostician. Highly decorated, he served in both World Wars. Mason was chairman of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's medical advisory committee. He later divorced his first wife Lucy M. Ginn and married Ruth Menardi, former wife of American composer Hoagy Carmichael. Mason died on November 16, 1965, in Miami, Florida.
# Vexillum leucophryna

Vexillum leucophryna is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 13 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines and in the East China Sea.
# Veronika Munk

Veronika Munk is a Hungarian journalist and the former editor-in-chief of the news portal Telex.hu.
# Vera Thamm

Vera Thamm (born 30 October 1990) is a retired German Paralympic swimmer who competed in international level events. She was born without her lower arms and lower leg. She has represented Germany at the 2012 Summer Paralympics but did not medal in her three events.
Since her retirement from competitive swimming in 2016, she is a project manager of the German Disability Sports Federation in developing the promotion of full-time employment for people who have impairments in sports organisations.
# Vera Tembo

Vera Tembo (born July 25, 1953) is a Zambian politician and member of the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD). She served as the First Lady of Zambia from 1991 until her separation from her former husband, President Frederick Chiluba, in 2001.
In 2006, she made her political comeback by being elected to the National Assembly of Zambia from Kasenengwa constituency.

## Biography

Tembo was married to Frederick Chiluba, with whom she had nine children, for thirty-three years, until he announced their separation in 2000. Chiluba became President of Zambia in 1991, making Tembo the country's First Lady from 1991 until their divorce. Tembo left the State House, the presidential residence, shortly after Chiluba's announcement and moved in with family in Ndola. Their divorce became final on September 25, 2001, when an annulment was granted by a local court in Ndola after thirty-three years of marriage.
Vera Tembo described the circumstances of her separation and divorce from Chiluba as "humiliating." She campaigned during the 2001 general election by urging Zambian women to vote in the election. She also signaled her intention to enter politics. Chiluba left office in December 2001 after failing to win support for a third presidential term, which was banned by the country's Constitution. Former President Frederick Chiluba married his girlfriend, Regina Mwanza, in 2002, a few months after his divorce from Tembo was finalized.
By early 2002, Zambian newspapers reported that Tembo was living in poverty after Chiluba had allegedly frozen her bank account. She filed a $2.5 billion U.S. dollar lawsuit against Chiluba as part of the divorce settlement. The Zambian government offered Tembo financial assistance in May 2002 after she listed her personal possessions in an auction.
In 2006, Tembo ran for the Kasenengwa constituency seat in the Zambia as a Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD) candidate. She won the election and became the first woman to represent Kasenengwa, a largely rural seat in her home Eastern Province, in the National Assembly. In October 2006, shortly after the election, President Levy Mwanawasa appointed Tembo as Deputy Minister of Tourism, Environment and Natural Resources in his cabinet.
Vera Tembo, who was re-appointed Deputy Minister by Mwanawasa's successor, President Rupiah Banda, held the ministry portfolio from 2006 until 2011, when she left the National Assembly. In 2010, Tembo oversaw the relocation of black rhinoceroses to North Luangwa National Park and other natural areas of Zambia, citing the program as a boost to both the country's environment and the tourism industry.
In March 2015, Vera Tembo announced that she had become a Christian pastor and had founded a new church called the Healing International Ministry.
# Vestibular adenitis

Vestibular adenitis is a condition affecting the vagina. It is a chronic inflammation of the lesser vestibular glands, which lie just outside the hymenal ring. The condition can lead to small, extremely painful ulcerations of the vestibular mucosa.
# Vestige (restaurant)

Vestige is a restaurant in Ocean Springs, Mississippi. It was a semifinalist in the Outstanding Restaurant category of the James Beard Foundation Awards in 2024.
# Vestie Davis

Vestie Davis (1903 – November 14, 1978) was a self-taught American artist whose works are in many important collections, including those of the American Folk Art Museum, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, and the Milwaukee Art Museum. His work was the subject of a monographic exhibition, Vestie Davis's New York, at the American Folk Art Museum, which ran for over a year beginning in autumn 2009.

## Life and work

Born in Baltimore, Davis moved to New York City at the age of twenty-five in 1928, where he worked as a "circus barker, undertaker, newsstand operator, and church organist." He lived in Bensonhurst. In 1947 he began painting, after a conversion experience looking in a gallery window on 57th Street. Davis explained: "One day in 1947 I was walking on 57th Street and came to a big gallery. I looked in, saw some pictures I liked, said to myself, 'I can paint like that.' So I walked into an artist's material store."
Davis focused his art on New York City landmarks, which he depicted in a bright, broadly graphic style, densely peopled by cartoonish silhouettes. As the artist explained, "The more people I put in, the faster they (i.e. the pictures) sold." Yet these multitudes are uniformly white, which has led Davis to be criticized for the unrealistic homogeneity of his art. A favorite subject was Nathan's hotdog stand in Coney Island, which Davis frequently painted, once with three hundred figures.
Davis was represented by the Morris Gallery in Greenwich Village, after Morris Weisenthal was impressed by his work at a show on Washington Square in the 1950s. His work sold well, appealing to the public with its accessible subject matter and style (quite unlike esoteric Modernism). As Davis readily admitted, "I paint what people want, and they want what is familiar to them." Fittingly, the painter of crowds was a crowd-pleaser.
Davis died of cancer in New York City at the age of 75 in 1978. At the time of his death he was a celebrated figure, with his work included in Bicentennial celebrations two years earlier. He is buried in Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn.
# Vic Johnson (musician)

Vic Johnson is an American rock guitarist best known for playing guitar with The BusBoys and later with Sammy Hagar and the Waboritas.
He was influenced by Jimi Hendrix. He played in several bands throughout high school around the Colorado Springs, Colorado, area. Originally from Security, Colorado, he moved to Los Angeles, California, in the 1980s, where he joined The BusBoys, a predominantly African-American rock band. The band appeared in the film 48 Hrs., performed on Saturday Night Live, and recorded several albums with Arista Records.
Johnson also took on several side projects during this decade including Sound Barrier, an all-black heavy metal band. Sound Barrier evolved into Total Eclipse, played clubs such as the Whisky a Go Go in West Hollywood, and toured across the country. During the 1990s Johnson was a session musician, but in 1997 he joined Sammy Hagar's band on the Marching to Mars world tour. Johnson continues to tour with members of Hagar's Waboritas.
Hagar also called Johnson for his supergroup Sammy Hagar and the Circle, along with bassist Michael Anthony (whom Hagar met in Van Halen and who also played occasionally with The Waboritas), and drummer Jason Bonham.

## Discography
### with The BusBoys

* Minimum Wage Rock & Roll (1980)
* American Worker (1982)
* Money Don't Make No Man (1988)
* (Boys Are) Back in Town (2000)

### with Sound Barrier

* Total Control (1983)
* Speed of Light (1986)

### with Sammy Hagar & The Waboritas

* Red Voodoo (1999)
* Ten 13 (2000)
* Not 4 Sale (2002)
* Live -- Hallelujah (2003)
* Livin' It Up! (2006)
* Lite Roast (2014)

### with Sammy Hagar and The Circle

* At Your Service (2015)
* Space Between (2019)
* Lockdown 2020 (2021)
* Crazy Times (2022)
# Vibralactone

Vibralactones are a group of related terpenoid chemical compounds, the first of which were isolated from the Basidiomycete Boreostereum vibrans in 2006. Additional vibralactones have also been isolated from the fungus Stereum hirsutum.
Vibralactone A has attracted research interest because it is an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase (IC$_{50}$ 0.4 μg/mL) with in vitro activity comparable to that of the obesity drug orlistat.
Several laboratory syntheses of vibralactone A have been developed.

## Chemical structures

| Vibralactone A | Vibralactone B | Vibralactone C |
| Vibralactone D | Vibralactone E | Vibralactone F |
# Vichhnai

Vichhnai is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Berasia tehsil.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Vichhnai has 21 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 66.67%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 104 | 55 | 49 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 20 | 9 | 11 |
| Scheduled caste | 28 | 13 | 15 |
| Scheduled tribe | 34 | 18 | 16 |
| Literates | 56 | 36 | 20 |
| Workers (all) | 47 | 29 | 18 |
| Main workers (total) | 8 | 8 | 0 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 3 | 3 | 0 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 39 | 21 | 18 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 38 | 20 | 18 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Non-workers | 57 | 26 | 31 |
# Victor Puiseux

Victor Alexandre Puiseux (French:; 16 April 1820 – 9 September 1883) was a French mathematician and astronomer. Puiseux series are named after him, as is in part the Bertrand–Diquet–Puiseux theorem. His work on algebraic functions and uniformization makes him a direct precursor of Bernhard Riemann, for what concerns the latter's work on this subject and his introduction of Riemann surfaces. He was also an accomplished amateur mountaineer. A peak in the French alps, which he climbed in 1848, is named after him.
A species of gecko, Ptyodactylus puiseuxi, is named in his honor.

## Life

He was born in 1820 in Argenteuil, Val-d'Oise. He occupied the chair of celestial mechanics at the Sorbonne. Excelling in mathematical analysis, he introduced new methods in his account of algebraic functions, and by his contributions to celestial mechanics advanced knowledge in that direction. In 1871, he was unanimously elected to the French Academy.
One of his sons, Pierre Henri Puiseux, was a famous astronomer.
He died in 1883 in Frontenay, France.
# Viborg Kunsthal

The Viborg Kunsthal located at Søndersø, Viborg, Denmark, presents changing exhibitions with renowned Danish and international artists and has existed since 1994. It has since been one of the leading exhibition venues for contemporary art in Denmark and is visited by over 20,000 patrons annually.
The art hall has a special focus on the living and creative arts, and has a number of concurrent events in connection including exhibitions, artist talks, lectures, concerts and workshops for children and adults. The art hall has an art school with teaching rooms, artist residency and studios where artists can live and work.

## Historic building

The Kunsthallen is housed in an historic building from 1734, which in the 19th century was used for the production of spirits, under the former name Kunsthal Brændigården. Additionally cited historic uses include an alcohol ambulatory, reception for mental health care patients and private housing. The surrounding garden is enclosed by a wall with a 500m2 mosaic decoration by the Danish artist Mette Winckelmann (inaugurated November 2013). The more than 100 patterns refer to the place's history, which dates back to the Middle Ages, when Knud the Great came from England and was crowned King of Denmark in Viborg. Due to archaeological finds, it is believed that the king lived where the art hall stands today.
The oldest part of the Brännigården dates back to 1734, when the Saxon architect and builder Johann Gottfried Hödrich erected the main building in one loggerhead. Later, an additional floor was added in the 19th century. The four-wing plant has been protected since 1950.

## Present day

In 1994, the building was designed as an art hall and has since been one of the leading exhibition venues for contemporary art in Denmark. Prior artist exhibitions include notable works of Henrik Vibskov, Andreas Emenius, Per Arnoldi, Kent Klich
Viborg Kunsthal also has a well-established residency program, offering workshop facilities, assistance for practical and art-related tasks, and access to a local, national and international network.