OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spearman Medal

The Spearman Medal was an early-career award of the British Psychological Society's Research Board, given in recognition of outstanding published work in psychology which represented a significant body of work in terms of theoretical contributions, originality, and impact. The award was inaugurated in 1965 and is named in honour of Charles Spearman. Medal winners were invited to give the Spearman Medal Lecture at the society's annual conference.
In 2021, it was decided to retire this award in view of concern at the links Spearman had with the eugenics movement.

## List of medal winners

Source: British Psychology Society
| Year | Medal winner |
| 1965 | Anne Treisman |
| 1966 | - |
| 1967 | Alan Cowey |
| 1968 | - |
| 1969 | Peter B. Warr |
| 1970 | Kevin J. Connolly |
| 1971 | - |
| 1972 | - |
| 1973 | Susan Iversen |
| 1974 | Philip N. Johnson-Laird |
| 1975 | David J. Wood |
| 1976 | Edmund Rolls |
| 1977 | - |
| 1978 | Howard Giles |
| 1979 | - |
| 1980 | Gregory V. Jones |
| 1981 | Trevor W. Robbins |
| 1982 | Andrew W. Ellis |
| 1983 | - |
| 1984 | Geoffrey Beattie |
| 1985 | Charles Hulme |
| 1986 | Glyn W. Humphreys |
| 1987 | Miles Hewstone |
| 1988 | Stephen B. Dunnett |
| 1989 | Susan E. Gathercole |
| 1990 | Simon Baron-Cohen |
| 1991 | Jane Oakhill |
| 1992 | Usha Goswami |
| 1993 | Peter W. Halligan |
| 1994 | Jonathon Driver |
| 1995 | Michael Oaksford |
| 1996 | Nick Chater |
| 1997 | Neil Macrae |
| 1998 | Francesca Happé |
| 1999 | Simon Killcross |
| 2000 | Kate Nation |
| 2001 | Gregory R. Maio |
| 2002 | Thalia C. Eley |
| 2003 | - |
| 2004 | Jolanda Jetten |
| 2005 | Padraic Monaghan |
| 2006 | Sarah-Jayne Blakemore and Richard J. Crisp |
| 2007 | Christopher Chambers |
| 2008 | Tom Manly |
| 2009 | Matt Field |
| 2010 | Emily A. Holmes |
| 2011 | Essi Viding |
| 2012 | Angelica Ronald |
| 2013 | Jonathan Roiser |
| 2014 | Roi Cohen Kadosh |
| 2015 | Iroise Dumontheil |
| 2016 | Michael Banissy |
| 2017 | Rachael Jack (University of Glasgow) and Claire Haworth (University of Bristol) |
| 2018 | Aidan Horner |
| 2019 | Stephen Fleming |
| 2020 | Richard Cook |
# The Skatepark Project

The Skatepark Project, formerly the Tony Hawk Foundation, is a nonprofit skateboarding organization that helps communities build public skate parks for youth in underserved communities.

## Organization history

Founded in 2002 as the Tony Hawk Foundation, The Skatepark Project has built over 600 skateparks worldwide.
In 2020, the Tony Hawk Foundation changed its name to The Skatepark Project to better describe the organization's mission.
# Worship (Michael W. Smith album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
Worship is Michael W. Smith's sixteenth album. The album, Smith's first album of contemporary worship music, was recorded live and was released on Reunion Records in 2001. The album was reissued as a DualDisc in 2005.

## Background

Smith sang "Above All" at President George W. Bush's 2001 inaugural prayer service. In 2002, he released a follow-up album Worship Again and a DVD comprising selections from both albums.

## Personnel

* Michael W. Smith – vocals, acoustic piano, programming on "Purified"
* David Hamilton – keyboards, music director; orchestra arrangement, writer and conductor on "Purified"
* Jim Daneker – keyboards, MIDI programming, programming on "Purified"
* Kent Hooper – programming on "Above All" (studio version)
* Wes King – acoustic guitars
* Glenn Pearce – electric guitars
* Jerry McPherson – additional guitars on "Above All" (studio version)
* Brent Milligan – bass
* Raymond Boyd – drums
* Ken Lewis – additional percussion on "Purified"
* David Davidson – violin, viola
* The Nashville String Machine – orchestra on "Purified"
* Carl Gorodetzky – contractor
* Ric Dominico – music preparation
* Anna Smith – spoken word
* Emily Smith – spoken word
* Darren Whitehead – spoken word
Additional vocals on "Purified" and "Above All" (studio version)
* Leigh Cappillino
* Christine Denté
* Darwin Hobbs
* Kristie Mays
* Fiona Mellett
* Leanne Palmore
* Chance Scoggins
* Terry White
Choir
* Chris Rice
* Amy Grant
* Mark Schultz
* Geron Davis
* Greg Long
* Phillips, Craig & Dean
* Becky Davis
* Erin O'Donnell
* Shaun Groves
* Out of Eden
* Allison Redman
* Mike Carpino
* Raphael Giglio
* Ginny Owens
* Kelly Minter
* Cindy Morgan
* Darwin Hobbs
* Wes King
* Jason Perry (of Plus One)
* Nathan Walters (of Plus One)

## Production

* Michael W. Smith – executive producer, producer
* Tom Laune – producer, engineer, mixing at Bridgeway Studio (Nashville, Tennessee)
* Lynn Fuston – string session recording ("Purified")
* Brent King – live recording engineer
* Rob Burrell – live recording engineer, Pro Tools, editing
* Joel Singer – remote recording system at On Site Recording (Hudson, Ohio)
* Jimmy Abegg – cover illustration
* Eric Elwell – album production coordinator for MWS Productions
* Jason McArthur – label production coordinator
* Chris Schultz – production manager
* Ben Pearson – photography
* Glen Rose – photography
* Scott Hughes – art direction
* Stephanie McBrayer – art direction
* Ian Black – design
* Tim Parker – design
* B. Joyner – design
* Jamie Kearney – styling
* Cheryl Guillot – hair and make-up

## Certifications

| Country | Peak | Sales | Certifications (sales thresholds) |
| Canada (CRIA) | n/a | 50,000 | Gold |
| United States (RIAA) | 20 | 2,000,000 | 2× Platinum |
# William Lithgow

William Lithgow may refer to:
* William Lithgow (traveller and author) (1582–1645), Scottish traveller and author
* William Lithgow (judge) (1715–1798), judge for the Court of Common Pleas of Massachusetts
* William Lithgow (auditor-general) (1784–1864), Scottish clergyman, first Auditor General of New South Wales
* William Lithgow (shipbuilder) (1854–1908), Scottish shipbuilder
* William Lithgow (cricketer) (1920–1997), English cricketer and British Army officer
* Sir William Lithgow, 2nd Baronet (1934–2022), Scottish industrialist from shipbuilding family
# Troll cat

A troll cat is the familiar of a witch in Scandinavian folklore. Troll cats sucked milk from cows and spat it out in the witches' milk pails, and went into homes to lick up cream. Aside from cats, similar creatures include the milk rabbit, milk hare, and ball-shaped troll ball.

## Description

Witches reportedly were able to create them from "human hair, nails, wood shavings, and the like", and they were said to suck milk from cows and steal cream from households. Troll cats would then spit out the stolen milk into troughs next to the house. The Norwegian names trollnøste and trollnøa indicate their shapes: those troll cats looked like balls of yarn. Another kind of troll cat had the appearance of a ordinary cat; but, unlike the ball-shaped troll cat, harming the cat-shaped troll cat would result in the same harm to the witch. In addition, it was thought that shooting a troll cat would cause milk to spray from its wound. The troll cat is easily confused with the witch's hug, which could also assume the shape of a cat. The troll cat would have to be buried with the witch, or the witch would have to leave her grave to retrieve it.
Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, a scholar of Norwegian folklore, retells a story in which Gypsies took advantage of farmers' beliefs in troll cats by stealing milk and blaming it on troll cats, a story they would then render believable by digging up a previously buried "bladder filled with red water surrounded by a cat-skin". Norwegian novelist Johan Bojer recalled an incident from 1914, when he was a lieutenant in the Army. The local women decided to raise the rent for the soldiers and he refused them permission to do so. He fell ill, and his three-day illness was explained by one of the women as a result of a troll cat having been sicced on him.
A related creature is the tilberi, a milk thief and witches' aide in Icelandic folklore. The tilberi (also called snakkur, a spindle "made from a dead man's rib, stolen wool, and communion wine") plays the same role as the troll cat. One Icelandic farmer chased one on horseback and at long last it hid under the skirts of a farmer's wife. The skirt was tied up so the thief couldn't escape, and the woman was burned.

## Explanation

The existence of troll cats appears to be related to the observation of matter (such as hair) regurgitated by cattle. The slime mold Fuligo septica and the foam made by spittle bugs were seen as troll cat droppings. Also offered as an explanation for the belief in troll cats is the Norwegian Forest Cat, a particularly long-haired domestic cat bred in Northern Europe.
# Videophone (disambiguation)

A videophone is a telecommunication device that provides both live audio and video in a telephone call, allowing each person to see and talk to the other.
Videophone, video phone, or Video Phone may also refer to:
* Video door-phone, a stand-alone intercom system used to manage calls made at the entrance to a building with access controlled by audiovisual communication between the inside and outside
* "Video Phone" (song), a 2009 song by Beyoncé that was later remixed into a version featuring Lady Gaga
# Gallesio

Gallesio is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Giorgio Gallesio (1772–1839), Italian botanist
* Josefina Canel Suarez de Gallesio (1915–2004), Uruguayan painter
# Endumeni Local Municipality

Endumeni Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala wase Endumeni) is a local municipality within the Umzinyathi District Municipality, in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Endumeni is an isiZulu word meaning "a place of thunderstorm". The municipality shares its name with the Endumeni hill.

## Main places

The 2001 census divided the municipality into the following main places:
| Place | Code | Area (km$^2$) | Population |
| Dundee | 51901 | 46.60 | 12,268 |
| eSbongile | 51903 | 0.06 | 370 |
| eSibongile | 51904 | 1.33 | 8,074 |
| Glencoe | 51905 | 25.23 | 6,116 |
| Sbongile | 51906 | 1.20 | 7,328 |
| Sithembile | 51907 | 1.42 | 7,953 |
| Wasbank | 51908 | 6.29 | 1,123 |
| Remainder of the municipality | 51902 | 1,530.06 | 7,859 |

## Politics

The municipal council consists of thirteen members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Seven councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in seven wards, while the remaining six are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received.
In the election of 1 November 2021, the African National Congress (ANC) lost its majority, with both it and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) winning five seats.
The following table shows the results of the election.
| Party | Party | Ward | Ward | Ward | List | List | List | Total seats |
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Total seats |
| | African National Congress | 5,322 | 36.08 | 3 | 5,350 | 36.29 | 2 | 5 |
| | Inkatha Freedom Party | 5,084 | 34.46 | 2 | 5,314 | 36.05 | 3 | 5 |
| | Democratic Alliance | 2,159 | 14.64 | 1 | 2,155 | 14.62 | 1 | 2 |
| | Abantu Batho Congress | 1,137 | 7.71 | 1 | 1,076 | 7.30 | 0 | 1 |
| | Economic Freedom Fighters | 524 | 3.55 | 0 | 511 | 3.47 | 0 | 0 |
| | National Freedom Party | 129 | 0.87 | 0 | 134 | 0.91 | 0 | 0 |
| | Independent candidates | 186 | 1.26 | 0 | | | | 0 |
| | Patriotic Alliance | 75 | 0.51 | 0 | 75 | 0.51 | 0 | 0 |
| | African Transformation Movement | 64 | 0.43 | 0 | 66 | 0.45 | 0 | 0 |
| | African People's Movement | 51 | 0.35 | 0 | 45 | 0.31 | 0 | 0 |
| | National Democratic Convention | 21 | 0.14 | 0 | 16 | 0.11 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 14,752 | 100.00 | 7 | 14,742 | 100.00 | 6 | 13 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 14,752 | 98.72 | | 14,742 | 98.67 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 191 | 1.28 | | 198 | 1.33 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 14,943 | 100.00 | | 14,940 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 29,725 | 50.27 | | 29,725 | 50.26 | | |
# Vågstranda Church

Vågstranda Church (Norwegian: Vågstranda kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vestnes Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vågstranda on the coast of Romsdal Fjord. It is the church for the Vågstranda parish which is part of the Indre Romsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1869 using plans drawn up by the architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan and the builder G. Olsen. The church seats about 200 people.

## History

The church was originally established in 1870 to give the people of the Vågstranda area a church that they could attend that was closer than the Old Veøy Church which sat on an island in the Romsdal Fjord. At that time, there were about 450 people living in the Vågstranda area who would be able to use the church. To raise money for the new church, 39 families joined together to pool their money to fund the costs of the church. All farm owners in the parish volunteered together to construct the walls surrounding the cemetery. The building was built by the carpenter G. Olsen from Trondheim who used architectural plans drawn up by Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church was a sort of manufactured building that was actually constructed in Trondheim, then disassembled, shipped to Vågstranda, and then rebuilt on site.
In 1881, a large winter storm hit the church and it actually moved the church about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) off its foundation. That following spring, the church was repaired. The building received electricity in 1951, and in 1958 the church got new wood stoves for heat. The church was restored in 1971 for the centennial anniversary of the church. During this renovation, a sacristy was built, the exterior walls were insulated and clad with new siding, and new lighting was installed. On 1 January 2021, the Vågstranda area was administratively transferred from Rauma Municipality to Vestnes Municipality.
# Ouday Raad

Ouday Raad (Arabic: عدي رعد, 11 June 1966) is a Lebanese actor and voice actor.

## Filmography
### Film

* 33 Days. 2013
* Tuff Incident (sound direction). 2007

### Television

* Ain El Jawza. 2015
* Darb Al-Yasamin. 2015
* Sanaoud Baad Kalil. 2013
* Al Ghaliboun. 2011-2012
* Between Love and Dust. 2009

### Dubbing roles

* Doctor Who
* The Men of Angelos
* M.I. High - Frank London, Lenny Bicknall
* Mokhtarnameh - Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
# Anjouan Island day gecko

The Anjouan Island day gecko (Phelsuma v-nigra anjouanensis) is a small diurnal subspecies of gecko. It lives in the Comoros and typically inhabits trees and bushes. The Anjouan Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar.

## Description

This lizard belongs to the smallest day geckos. It can reach a maximum length of approximately 11 centimetres (4.3 in). The body colour is bright green. There is a red v-shaped stripe on the snout and a red barring between the eyes. On the back there are a number of tiny red-brick coloured spots and reticulations. On the throat, there is a faint v-shaped marking. The ventral side is greyish.

## Distribution

This subspecies only inhabits the island Anjouan in the Comoros.

## Habitat

Phelsuma v-nigra anjouanensis is found on agave bushes, banana trees, palms, human dwellings and even on the ground.

## Diet

These day geckos feed on various insects and other invertebrates. They also like to lick soft, sweet fruit, pollen and nectar.

## Care and maintenance in captivity

These animals should be housed in pairs and need a medium-sized, well planted terrarium. The daytime temperature should be between 28 and 30 °C (82 and 86 °F) and 24 and 26 °C (75 and 79 °F) at night. The humidity should be not too high. A two-month winter cooldown should be included during which temperature is 25 °C (77 °F) at daytime and 20 °C (68 °F) at night. In captivity, these animals can be fed with crickets, wax moth larvae, fruit flies, mealworms and houseflies.
# Offersøya

Offersøya is an island in Alstahaug Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 6.7-square-kilometre (2.6 sq mi) island lies directly between the large island of Alsta and the smaller island of Tjøtta at the mouth of the Vefsnfjorden. The Norwegian County Road 17 runs across the island connecting Alsta and Tjøtta. The island is relatively flat, with the highest point only reaching 43 metres (141 ft) above sea level. In 2016, there were 61 residents living on the island.
# K. Mallanna

Kamanna Mallanna (7 April 1926 – 1 March 2000) was an Indian politician, elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India as a member of the Indian National Congress. He unsuccessfully contested 1989 Assembly elections from Kallambella as an Indian National Congress candidate against T. B. Jayachandra, who won as an Independent. Mallanna died on 1 March 2000, at the age of 73.
# Mindlandet

Mindlandet is an island in Alstahaug Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 13.8-square-kilometre (5.3 sq mi) island lies at the mouth of the Vefsnfjorden, just south of the islands of Tjøtta and Rødøya. The island is fairly flat, and has a lot of very good agricultural land.
The island is only accessible by boat and there are car ferry connections to the villages of Stokka and Forvika on the mainland in Vevelstad Municipality. There are also ferry connections to the nearby islands of Rødøya (to the northeast) and Tjøtta (to the northwest). The ferry service from Vevelstad-Rødøya-Mindlandet-Tjøtta is included as part of the Norwegian County Road 17, a main highway on the Helgeland coast.
# Olga de Chica

Olga Alba de Chica (August 21, 1921 – December 16, 2016) was a Colombian self-taught neo-primitivist painter. She achieved recognition both domestically and abroad for her work.

## Biography

Olga de Chica was born in Filandia, in the coffee region of Quindío, Colombia in August 1921. She attended the Sacred Heart of Jesus High School in Filandia and the School of Fine Arts in Manizales. De Chica started painting as a child, when it is said she used squeezed flowers in an attempt to create lively colors. However, the bulk of her lifetime was spent as the wife of a local school teacher, and the mother of two daughters and a son. It was not until she was approaching her fifties that she became a professional painter.
De Chica painted in a style that is described as "primitivist", which she developed organically without any formal artistic training. Her works are mainly populated landscapes that communicate the look and feel of the typical, though sometimes nostalgic, life in rural Colombia. Her works are noted for their vibrant colors and charming representations of Colombian wildlife. Rural life, small towns and the coffee region of Quindío were the focus of her later work.
She died in Manizales in December 2016 at the age of 95.
# Giacomo Rampelli

Giacomo Rampelli (fl. 1620s) was an Istrian Italian Jesuit, who was the first rector of the Jesuit College of Trieste.

## Biography

Rampelli was born in Pisino, Istria (then part of the Duchy of Carniola, Holy Roman Empire) into a prominent local family. The Rampelli traced their origin to the Aeolian Islands in Southern Italy, the first member of the family being Leonardo, public notary and Pisino chancellor, active there from the first half of the 15th century, from the island of Salina.
He pushed for the foundation of the College of Jesuits in Trieste (now the Chiesa di Santa Maria Maggiore), becoming its first rector in 1622.
# KLK12

Kallikrein-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLK12 gene.
Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases having diverse physiological functions. Growing evidence suggests that many kallikreins are implicated in carcinogenesis and some have potential as novel cancer and other disease biomarkers. This gene is one of the fifteen kallikrein subfamily members located in a cluster on chromosome 19. Alternate splicing of this gene results in three transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
# Cool Aid

Kool-Aid is a brand of flavored drink mix owned by Kraft Foods
Kool-Aid or Cool Aid may also refer to:

## Music

* Coolaid, 2016 album by Snoop Dogg
* Kool-Aid (album), the 1990 studio album from British musical group Big Audio Dynamite
* "Cool Aid", song by Paul Humphrey and His Cool Aid Chemists
* "Cool Aid", song by Phil Woods from Pairing Off
* "Cool Aid", song by The Movement from Set It Off
* "Kool-Aid" (song), a 2024 song by Bring Me the Horizon

## Other uses

* Kool-Aid McKinstry (born 2002), American football player
* Cool Aid: The National Carbon Test, Australian TV show by Network Ten
* Koolaids: The Art of War, a 1998 novel by Rabih Alameddine
# Cornice Peak (Selkirk Mountains)

Cornice Peak, 2824 m -> 9265 feet, is a mountain in the Sir Sandford Range of the Selkirk Mountains subdivision of the Columbia Mountains in British Columbia, Canada. It is just southwest of Gold Arm of Columbia Reach of Kinbasket Lake.
# Charles Fletcher (rugby union)

Charles John Compton Fletcher (9 May 1894 — 9 September 1973) was a New Zealand international rugby union player active in the 1910s and 1920s.
Educated at King's College, Fletcher played army rugby while serving his country in World War I, which proved good preparation when he later made the step up to first-class rugby with College Rifles. He won the Auckland championship with College Rifles in 1919 and made his provincial debut for Auckland that year.
Fletcher, a loose forward, won his maiden All Blacks call up in 1920 for a tour of Australia, but subsequently broke his ankle playing a warm-up game and was ruled out for the remainder of the season. Despite being unable to play, Fletcher kept his place in the touring party at the insistence of Moke Belliss, a friend from his war years whose accidental boot had caused the injury.
While competing with Waimauku in 1921, Fletcher became the first player selected by the All Blacks from the North Auckland union, making his international debut in an uncapped match against New South Wales in Christchurch. He was then included in the All Blacks side for the third and final Test against the Springboks at Athletic Park, a 0–0 draw played in torrential rain.