OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Topscore Contradiction

NORD Ch. Topscore Contradiction (born 20 September 1998), also known as King, was a standard Poodle, who won Best in Show at Crufts in 2002. He was the first overseas dog and the first undocked dog from a breed which was previously docked in the UK to win the title.

## Early life

Topscore Contradiction was owned by Mr and Mrs Glenna, of Porsgrunn, Norway. King was never docked as it is illegal in Norway.

## Show career

King won a number of shows in his native Norway, and in Sweden prior to 2002. Topscore Contradiction was entered into Crufts in 2002, the year after British quarantine laws were relaxed and foreign dogs were allowed to enter the competition. Some 21,000 dogs were entered in the competition that year, 343 of which were dogs brought from overseas specifically to enter the competition; mostly brought over from the Netherlands.
Handled by Michael Nilson, he competed in the Best in Show round against a Flat-Coated Retriever, a Giant Schnauzer, an Old English Sheepdog, a Saluki, a Wire Fox Terrier and a Pekingese. He was named Best in Show, with the Pekingese dog Ch. Yakee A Dangerous Liaison being named Reserve Best in Show. The Pekingese would go on to win the event in the following year. He was the first foreign dog to win Crufts, Topscore Contradiction was entered and also the undocked dog from a traditionally docked breed, having won the competition a year before it became illegal to dock a dog in the UK.
One of his owners, Kari Glenna said of the win, "I don't believe it. I am very excited and very nervous. He is just a family pet, not a show dog. I never expected this." The Best in Show judge, Pamela Cross, called him a "poodley poodle", and that "Constructionally he was very well made. He epitomised his breed." His victory completed a winning year for the Poodle breed, with miniature Ch. Poodle Surrey Spice Girl winning Best in Show at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in New York earlier in the year.
# Trade creation

Trade creation is an economic term related to international economics in which trade flows are redirected due to the formation of a free trade area or a customs union. The issue was firstly brought into discussion by Jacob Viner (1950), together with the trade diversion effect.
In the former case after the formation of economic union, the cost of the goods considered is decreased, leading to an increase of efficiency of economic integration. Hence, trade creation's essence is in elimination of customs tariffs on inner border of unifying states (usually already trading with each other), causing further decrease of price of the goods, while there may be a case of new trade flow creation of the goods between the states decided to economically integrate.
The opposite takes place in case of trade diversion, when the trade flow is diverted from actually cost-efficient partner state to less efficient one – but which became a member of economic union and made its goods cheaper within a union, but higher compared to the rest of the world. In practice, both trade creation and diversion effects take place due to formation of economic union. Efficiency of economic integration of specific union right now is assessed as a final outcome between trade creation and diversion effects: it is cost-effective in case of prevailing of the trade creation effects, and vice versa.

## Occurrence of trade creation

When a customs union is formed, the member nations establish a free trade area amongst themselves and a common external tariff on non-member nations. As a result, the member nations establish greater trading ties between themselves now that protectionist barriers such as tariffs, import quotas, non-tariff barriers and subsidies have been eliminated. The result is an increase in trade among member nations in the good or service of each nation's comparative advantage. In other words, increase in trade causes greater revenues, (more profitable).

## Downside of trade creation

The creation of trade is important to the nation entering the customs union in that increased specialization may hurt other industries. Arguments for protectionism, such as the infant industry argument, national defense, outsourcing, and issues with health and safety regulations are brought to mind. However, customs unions are typically formed with friendly nations, eliminating the national defense argument.
# Toshikazu Wakatsuki

Toshikazu Wakatsuki (若月俊一, Wakatsuki Toshikazu, June 26, 1910 – August, 2006) was a Japanese medical doctor. He received a M.D. from the University of Tokyo in 1936 and a PhD from the same institution in 1947, after imprisonment for anti-war views during World War II. In 1946, Wakatsuki performed Japan's first tubercular spinal caries and also organised its first blood bank. He founded the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine. Wakatsuki was awarded the 1976 Ramon Magsaysay Award for his contributions to rural medicine, as well as the Order of the Rising Sun with Gold and Silver Star in 1981. He died of pneumonia in August 2006, at the age of 96.
# Torre Gaia (Rome Metro)

Torre Gaia is a station of Line C of the Rome Metro. It is located along the Via Casilina and serves the Roman districts Torre Gaia and Tor Bella Monaca. The former train station of the Rome–Pantano railway line closed in 2008; the new Metro station, which opened on 9 November 2014, has been built nearby.
# Torre Generali

The Torre Generali was a proposed supertall skyscraper located in Panama City of Panama. If it had been built, the tower would have stood 318 meters (1,043 feet) tall, contain 52 floors, and be completed in 2003. It also would have been the tallest tower in Latin America and be the first tower there to break the 1,000-foot (300 m) mark. The upper floors, on clear days, would have offered views of both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. However, the economic conditions in 2001 forced the cancellation of the project in August of that year.
Later two more projects suffered similar fates in Panama City. A 381 m (1,250-foot) 104-story residential and hotel building named Ice Tower was canceled June 2007, and Palacio de la Bahía was to be 353 metres (1,158 ft) tall with 97 floors. It began construction on July 28, 2006, but the project was later canceled.
# Torre Inbisa

Torre Inbisa is a skyscraper in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (suburb of Barcelona, Catalonia), Spain. It is named after its owner, Inbisa, a real state and construction company. Completed in 2010, has 25 floors and rises 104 metres (341 ft). It is on the Plaça d'Europa 9. It was designed by Nicanor García Architecture.
# Toured (A Live Album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Toured (A Live Album) was a live album by Huntington Beach pop punk band Big Drill Car. The concert was recorded live at New York's CBGB's on September 3, 1991, at the beginning of a nineteen-week tour known as The Batch World Tour, in support of the then-current album Batch, but wasn't released until two years later.
This was the last recording featuring the classic original line-up of Frank Daly, Mark Arnold, Danny Marcroft and Bob Thompson.
Like many Big Drill Car albums, Toured (A Live Album) is currently out of print.

## Track listing

(All songs written by Arnold, Daly, Thompson unless otherwise noted)
* "16 Lines" - 3:13
* "Ick" - 2:39
* "Brody" - 2:56
* "In A Hole" (Daly) - 2:23
* "Let Me Walk" - 2:44
* "No Need" - 2:50
* "Annie's Needle" (Daly, Marcroft) - 2:56
* "Reform Before" (Daly) - 2:16
* "Restless Habs" - 2:51
* "If It's Poison" (Daly) - 3:01
* "Big Shot" (Billy Joel) - 3:08

## Personnel

* Frank Daly - vocals
* Mark Arnold - guitar
* Bob Thomson - bass
* Danny Marcroft - drums, background vocals
Additional personnel
* Brian Lagowski - live systems engineer
* Daniel Snow - electronic equipment technician
* Anthony Binikos - electronic equipment technician
# Turner Browne

Turner G. Browne is an American photographer.

## Biography

Turner Browne was born on July 6, 1949, in Lake Charles, Louisiana. From 1969 to 1970 he attended Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. He is a self-taught photographer and has worked with all film formats as well as digital. In 1973, the Sunflower Foundation gave him a grant which launched his career. In 1977 Louisiana Cajuns was published by the Louisiana State University Press, a monograph of his documentation of the rural Cajuns; the text is in both English and French. The same year a documentary film called The New Klan was released in which he was the lead cinematographer. Two years later he was the director of photography on the feature film Only Once in a Lifetime. In 1987 The French Institute in New York City exhibited Louisiana Cajuns; from there the work was exhibited nationally. In 2000 Browne donated his Louisiana Cajun collection to the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. He co-authored The Macmillan Dictionary of Photographic Artists and Innovators with his wife, author Elaine Bernstein Partnow; it was published in 1983. A monograph of his documentary work on the White River of Arkansas, The Last River, was published in 1993; the book inspired director Jeff Nichols in his making of the film Mud. Currently Turner works as a photographer and videographer in Los Angeles.
# Sujru

Sujru, also known as Sujroo, is a village in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located on the outskirts of Muzaffarnagar, about 3 kilometres south of the city centre. The village had a population of 32,374 as of 2011.

## Geography

Sujru is located to the west of the Ganges River, with the National Highway 334 traversing through the village. It occupies an area of 744.22 hectares.

## Demographics

In the year 2011, the total population under Sujru was 32,374, in which males formed 52.57% of the total population and females formed 47.43%. Working population took up 27.33% of the total population. The literacy rate was 50.53%, in which 55.92% of the males and 44.57% of the females were literate.
# Two Sisters (ship)

Several vessels have been named Two Sisters:
* Two Sisters (1797 ship) was launched in 1797 in Nova Scotia and in 1804 shifted her registry to the United Kingdom. A French privateer captured her in 1804 but members of her crew were able to recapture her. She became a coaster and was last listed in 1813.
* Two Sisters (1799 ship) was possibly built in the United States, or taken in 1798 as a prize of unknown origin. She became a slave ship sailing out of Liverpool and made two complete voyages as slaver. She was condemned at Kingston in 1802 after she had delivered her slaves on her third slave voyage.
# Vinich Chareonsiri

Vinich Chareonsiri (born 10 August 1936) is a Thai former sports shooter. He competed in the 50 metre rifle three positions event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Da'irat al-Ma'arif

Kitāb Dāʼirat al-Maʻārif: wa-Huwa Qāmūs ʻĀmm li-Kull Fann wa-Maṭlab (Arabic: كتاب دائرة المعارف: وهو قاموس عام لكل فن ومطلب), often simply referred to as Dāʼirat al-Maʻārif, was an Arabic encyclopedia published by Butrus al-Bustani in 1875. It is considered the first modern encyclopedia published in Arabic.
# Samantha Knox Condit

Samantha Knox Condit (August 27, 1837 – August 18, 1912) was an American teacher and Presbyterian missionary, working in the Chinese community of San Francisco, California and surroundings.

## Early life

Samantha Davis Knox (known as "Mansie") was born in Hollidays Cove, West Virginia, the daughter of Andrew Knox and Elizabeth Knox. She trained as a teacher at Steubenville Female Seminary in Ohio.

## Career

Samantha Knox taught English at the Steubenville Female Seminary for fourteen years after her graduation from the same school. As Mrs. Condit, she worked with her husband as an American Presbyterian missionary in the Chinese community of San Francisco, California from 1872 until she died in 1912. She began and presided over the Occidental Board of Foreign Missions from her own home in its first months. She helped to found a rescue home for Chinese women in San Francisco, later called the Donaldina Cameron House after Donaldina Cameron. In 1888, she attended the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as a delegate representing the Woman's Missionary Society. She organized activities for women and children at the Chinese Presbyterian Church in San Francisco, where her husband was the pastor, and taught Bible classes. "Mrs. Condit has been engaged in the work in the Chinese quarter for the past twenty-six years, and makes a house-to-house visitation each week," explained a 1998 report.
Samantha Knox Condit was also involved in temperance work, as in 1882, when she presented a petition to the mayor of Oakland from the women of the city, demanding that saloons be kept closed on Sundays.

## Personal life

Samantha Knox traveled to California in 1871 to stay with her brother William. She married an old friend, the Rev. Ira Miller Condit (1833-1915), in 1872, and helped to raise his children from his first marriage. Samantha Knox Condit died in Oakland, California in 1912, after a long illness, aged 74 years. Ng Poon Chew was one of the pastors assisting at her funeral service.
# Suning Plaza, Zhenjiang

Zhenjiang Suning Plaza (Chinese: 镇江苏宁广场) is a building complex in Zhenjiang, China. Tower 1 of the complex is a supertall skyscraper.
# Desmond Heap

Sir Desmond Heap (17 September 1907 – 27 June 1998) was a British lawyer and expert on town planning law.
He was born in Burnley, Lancashire, the son of an architect and surveyor, and attended Burnley Grammar School before studying law at Manchester University.
By 1935, he had been appointed as both Deputy Town Clerk of Leeds, and a lecturer in the law of town and country planning at the Leeds School of Architecture.
In 1947, he became Comptroller and City Solicitor of the Corporation of the City of London. He was asked by the Ministry of Town and Country Planning to provide a guidebook to new legislation on town planning then it introduced.
The result was the Encyclopedia of Planning Law and Practice, a loose-leaf work which was constantly updated. In his role in the City of London, he was largely responsible for co-ordinating the rebuilding of the area after the Second World War, and for the sale of London Bridge to a company in Arizona. He retired from the post in 1973.
He was elected President of the Town Planning Institute in 1955 and President of the Law Society in 1972.
He was knighted in the 1970 New Year Honours, and awarded the Royal Town Planning Institute Gold Medal in 1983.
He died at home in Kent at the age of 90.
# Transportation 9-11 Ribbon

The Transportation 9-11 Ribbon is a civil and military decoration of the U.S. Department of Transportation that was issued to both civilians and military personnel who, through service with the United States Department of Transportation, contributed to the recovery from the September 11 attacks in 2001 against the United States of America.

## History

The ribbon was issued primarily to the United States Coast Guard, but was also authorized for any Department of Transportation personnel, Merchant Marines, or civilians who were assigned to the Department of Transportation for relief efforts against the terrorist attacks.
The three main criteria for the award of the 9-11 Ribbon are as follows:
* Assignment to Coast Guard units that shifted Operational Control to Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Noble Eagle, or Operation Protecting Liberty between September 11, 2001 and September 11, 2002.
* All personnel involved in patrolling harbors, critical infrastructure facilities, escorting high interest vessels, and conducting boardings of vessels entering U.S. waters during the period of September 11, 2001 to September 11, 2002. Participation in these operations must have been for no less than fourteen days.
* All personnel, to include active, reserve, auxiliary, and civilian personnel who manned or augmented for no less than fourteen days, Coast Guard, Department of Transportation, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and Department of Defense command centers between September 11, 2001 and September 11, 2002.
The 9-11 Ribbon was awarded as a one time decoration and there were no devices authorized to the decoration. The 9-11 Ribbon was discontinued in October 2002, but permitted for continued wear on Coast Guard uniforms and by civilian personnel.
For individual acts of bravery and heroism, above and beyond the criteria for the 9-11 Ribbon, the Department of Transportation also issued the 9-11 Medal.
# Transvaginal

Transvaginal refers to a transluminal procedure through the reproductive tract of the vagina, including:
* Transvaginal oocyte retrieval
* Transvaginal ultrasonography
* Transvaginal mesh
# Toxeutotaenius elfriedae

Toxeutotaenius elfriedae is a South American Betsy beetle of the family Passalidae.
# Tragedy in a Temporary Town

"Tragedy in a Temporary Town" may refer to:
* Tragedy in a Temporary Town (The Alcoa Hour), a 1956 episode of The Alcoa Hour
* Tragedy in a Temporary Town (Shell Presents), a 1959 episode of Shell Presents
# Trap Grounds

The Trap Grounds (aka Trap Grounds Town Green) is a nature reserve in north Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, owned by Oxford City Council.

## Overview

The site is to the east of the railway line and the Burgess Field Nature Park, to the west of the Oxford Canal and Hayfield Road in North Oxford, south of Frenchay Road and the Waterways housing estate, and north of SS Philip and James' Church of England Primary School and Aristotle Lane. Further to the west are Port Meadow and the River Thames. Further to the north is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Hook Meadow, and the Trap Grounds. Also close by are the separately organized trap ground allotments. The original trap grounds were much more extensive, including Burgess Field, but the present site is now largely surrounded by built-up suburbs of Oxford.
The area is on a reclaimed trash dump site and is approximately 3.8 hectares (9.4 acres) in size. The site consists of woodland, reed beds, ponds, some grassy areas, and paths, including a boardwalk. There is a single point of entry to the site immediately to the south of Frenchay Road Bridge on the canal. Wildlife on the site includes slow worms.

## History

In 2002, there was a public inquiry about converting the Trap Grounds, which was owned by the city council of Oxford at the time, to a town green. This inquiry would have made the trap grounds open and accessible for public use. In 2003, a court considered another bid for the Trap Grounds to become a town green, this time as a preamble for a bid to develop the land into housing units. Later in 2005–06, a case involving Oxfordshire County Council and Oxford City Council to decide the future of the Trap Grounds was decided in the House of Lords. In 2007, Catherine Robinson of The Friends of the Trap Grounds was awarded the Campaign to Protect Rural England's top honor for protecting the Trap Grounds from development. In 2010, a new walkway was created on the site. In 2012, there was a discussion on how much access there should be to the site.

## The Friends of the Trap Grounds

The Friends of the Trap Grounds is a volunteer organization that helps to maintain the Trap Grounds.

## Image gallery

* The entrance of the Trap Grounds.
* A pond at the Trap Grounds.
* Waterway through the Trap Grounds.
* The boardwalk in the Trap Grounds.
# Trafalgar Studios, Chelsea

Trafalgar Studios were a set of purpose-built artists' studios on Manresa Road in the Chelsea area of London, England, just off the King's Road. A number or notable artists worked there.
The three-story, 15-unit block was built in 1878 by John Brass.
They were the first such studios in London, but further blocks were built nearby, attempting to emulate their success.

## Studios

Among the artists to work at the numbered studios were:

### 2

* James Havard Thomas

### 4

* c. 1933 – 1937 Clifford Hall

### 7

* 1886 – Henry Jamyn Brooks

### 8

* c. 1937 – 1952 Clifford Hall

### 11

* Edward Onslow Ford
* c. 1888 – 1892 John Wilson
* c. 1891 – 1892 George William Iliffe Wilson
* c. 1885 – 1901 Albert Arthur Toft (occupied studios with his brother Alfonso; also 12)

### 12

* 1900 – Albert Toft (see above)
* Circa 1927 – Arnrid Banniza Johnston
* 1944 – Harry Thomas
* c. 1950 – 1951 Richard Alfred Thomas

### 13

* Herbert Granville Fell (also no 14)
* Edward Gordon Craig (also no 14)

### 14

* 1881–1898 – Rudolph Onslow Ford
* 1911 – Aroldo du-Chêne de Vére
* Circa 1939 Frank Owen Dobson
* Frank Brangwyn
* Edward Gordon Craig (also no 13)

### 15

* 1881 – James Havard Thomas
* 1927 Alfred Priest
* c. 1933 – 1936 – Frank Owen Dobson

### 16

* Circa 1890 – George Wilson

### Unspecified

* Mervyn Peake
* Evelyn De Morgan, 1880s
# Trailblazers (video game)

Trailblazers is a racing video game developed by British studio Supergonk and published by Rising Star Games for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch in May 2018.

## Gameplay

Trailblazers is a high-speed racing game that has been compared to games like Wipeout, F-Zero, and Splatoon. Players control one of eight different racers, with each racer's vehicle capable of painting their team's colour on the track, create boost pads for the team. Teams in each race can have up to three racers each.

## Development

Trailblazers was developed by Supergonk, a studio consisting of developers who had previously worked at studios like Codemasters, Bizarre Creations, and Lionhead Studios.
In May 2018, a trailer was released for the game to celebrate the launch of the game.

## Reception

In a hands-on preview in March 2018, Blake Morse of Shack News praised the visuals, comparing the graphics to Borderlands.
The Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One versions of Trailblazers received "mixed or average" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Martin Robinson of Eurogamer criticized the game for its poor "energy".
# Trailways Express

Trailways Express (also released as Gone, Gone, Gone and Mo Joe) is an album by drummer Philly Joe Jones which was recorded in London in 1968 and released on the Black Lion label in 1971.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated "the music is generally straightahead hard bop. Drummer Philly Joe Jones, who has short solos on each of the six selections, is a dominant force even when playing brushes in the ensembles".

## Track listing

* "Mo' Joe" (Joe Henderson) – 4:29
* "Gone. Gone, Gone" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) – 8:23
* "Baubles, Bangles, & Beads" (Robert Wright, George Forrest, Alexander Borodin) – 6:27
* "Trailways Express" (Jones) – 4:02
* "Here's That Rainy Day (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke) – 9:07
* "Ladybird" (Tadd Dameron) – 5:20

## Personnel

* Philly Joe Jones – drums
* Les Condon – trumpet (track 4)
* Kenny Wheeler – trumpet, flugelhorn (tracks 1, 2, 5 & 6)
* Chris Pyne – trombone
* Peter King – alto saxophone
* Harold McNair – tenor saxophone, flute
* Mike Pyne – piano
* John Hart (track 4), Ron Mathewson (tracks 1–3, 5 & 6) – bass
# Trechus susamyrensis

Trechus susamyrensis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Belousov & Kabak in 1992.
# Transverse fissure

Transverse fissure can refer to:
* Porta hepatis or transverse fissure of liver
* Horizontal fissure of right lung (or 'horizontal fissure')
* Horizontal fissure of cerebellum
# Transverse costal facet

The transverse costal facet (or transverse costal fovea) is one of the costal facets, a site where a rib forms a joint with the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra.
# Treppenhauer

Treppenhauer is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany.
50°56′N 13°02′E﻿ / ﻿50.933°N 13.033°E﻿ / 50.933; 13.033
* This Saxony location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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