OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guofang Wei

Guofang Wei is a mathematician in the field of differential geometry. She is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

## Education

Wei earned a doctorate in mathematics from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1989, under the supervision of Detlef Gromoll. Her dissertation produced fundamental new examples of manifolds with positive Ricci curvature and was published in the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. These examples were later expanded upon by Burkard Wilking.

## Research

In addition to her work on the topology of manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature, she has completed work on the isometry groups of manifolds with negative Ricci curvature with coauthors Xianzhe Dai and Zhongmin Shen. She also has major work with Peter Petersen on manifolds with integral Ricci curvature bounds.
Starting in 2000 Wei began working with Christina Sormani on limits of manifolds with lower Ricci curvature bounds using techniques of Jeff Cheeger and Tobias Colding, particularly Kenji Fukaya's metric measure convergence. The limit spaces in this setting are metric measure spaces. Wei was invited to present this work in a series of talks at the Seminaire Borel in Switzerland. Sormani and Wei also developed a notion called the covering spectrum of a Riemannian manifold. Dr. Wei has completed research with her student, Will Wylie, on smooth metric measure spaces and the Bakry–Emery Ricci tensor.
Guofang Wei was twice invited to present her work at the prestigious Geometry Festival both in 1996 and 2009.

## Outreach

In addition to conducting research, Guofang Wei has mentored the Dos Pueblos High School Math Team Archived 2011-07-14 at the Wayback Machine, which won second place in the International Shing-Tung Yau High School Math Awards competition in Beijing in 2008.

## Awards and honors

In 2013 she became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society, for "contributions to global Riemannian geometry and its relation with Ricci curvature".

## Selected publications

* "Examples of complete manifolds of positive Ricci curvature with nilpotent isometry groups", Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. Vol. 19, no. 1 (1988), 311–313. doi:10.1090/S0273-0979-1988-15653-4
* with X. Dai and Z. Shen, "Negative Ricci curvature and isometry group", Duke Math J. 76 (1994), 59–73. doi:10.1215/S0012-7094-94-07603-5
* with X. Dai and R. Ye, "Smoothing Riemannian manifolds with Ricci curvature bounds", MANUSCR MATH, vol. 90, no. 1 (1996), 49–61. doi:10.1007/BF02568293
* with P. Petersen, "Relative volume comparison with integral curvature bounds", GAFA 7 (1997), 1031–1045. doi:10.1007/s000390050036
* with C. Sormani, "The covering spectrum of a compact length space", Journal of Diff. Geom. 67 (2004), 35–77. doi:10.4310/jdg/1099587729
* with X. Dai and X. Wang, "On stability of Riemannian manifold with parallel spinors", Invent Math, vol. 161, no. 1, (2005) 151–176. doi:10.1007/s00222-004-0424-x
* with W. Wylie, "Comparison geometry for the Bakry–Emery Ricci tensor", Journal of Diff. Geom. 83, no. 2 (2009), 377–405. doi:10.4310/jdg/1261495336
# Takangaroa Island

Takangaroa Island (formerly known as Goat Island) is one of the two Mayne Islands located near Kawau Island, in New Zealand's Hauraki Gulf. It is approximately 6 hectares (15 acres) in size.
Its name is Māori, and means "The Long Casting of the Net". Nearby Rabbit Island is known as Takangariki, "The Short Casting of the Net", and two rocky reefs between them are considered to be the buoys of the net.
The island was known as Goat Island until 1971, when the name was legally changed to the Māori name in order to prevent confusion with the popular marine reserve.
During the late 19th century, it was owned by George Grey, the former Governor-General of New Zealand. The island is now privately owned, and is a wildlife sanctuary, meaning that no dogs, cats or guns are allowed.
# Z notation

The Z notation /ˈzɛd/ is a formal specification language used for describing and modelling computing systems. It is targeted at the clear specification of computer programs and computer-based systems in general.

## History

In 1974, Jean-Raymond Abrial published "Data Semantics". He used a notation that would later be taught in the University of Grenoble until the end of the 1980s. While at EDF (Électricité de France), working with Bertrand Meyer, Abrial also worked on developing Z. The Z notation is used in the 1980 book Méthodes de programmation.
Z was originally proposed by Abrial in 1977 with the help of Steve Schuman and Bertrand Meyer. It was developed further at the Programming Research Group at Oxford University, where Abrial worked in the early 1980s, having arrived at Oxford in September 1979.
Abrial has said that Z is so named "Because it is the ultimate language!" although the name "Zermelo" is also associated with the Z notation through its use of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory.
In 1992, the Z User Group (ZUG) was established to oversee activities concerning the Z notation, especially meetings and conferences.

## Usage and notation

Z is based on the standard mathematical notation used in axiomatic set theory, lambda calculus, and first-order predicate logic. All expressions in Z notation are typed, thereby avoiding some of the paradoxes of naive set theory. Z contains a standardized catalogue (called the mathematical toolkit) of commonly used mathematical functions and predicates, defined using Z itself. It is augmented with Z schema boxes, which can be combined using their own operators, based on standard logical operators, and also by including schemas within other schemas. This allows Z specifications to be built up into large specifications in a convenient manner.
Because Z notation (just like the APL language, long before it) uses many non-ASCII symbols, the specification includes suggestions for rendering the Z notation symbols in ASCII and in LaTeX. There are also Unicode encodings for all standard Z symbols.

## Standards

ISO completed a Z standardization effort in 2002. This standard and a technical corrigendum are available from ISO free:
* the standard is publicly available from the ISO ITTF site free of charge and, separately, available for purchase from the ISO site;
* the technical corrigendum is available from the ISO site free of charge.

## Award

In 1992, Oxford University Computing Laboratory and IBM were jointly awarded The Queen's Award for Technological Achievement "for the development of ... the Z notation, and its application in the IBM Customer Information Control System (CICS) product."
# St Nicholas Church, Buckenham

St Nicholas Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Buckenham, Norfolk, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. The church stands among fields to the north of the River Yare.

## History

The church dates from the 13th century, with additions and alterations since. It was restored in the early 19th century. During the 1960s and 1970s it suffered from decay and vandalism, but repairs have been carried out since it was vested with the Churches Conservation Trust. Reverend Thomas Henry Sparshott was curate of this church between 1872 and 1873.

## Architecture
### Exterior

St Nicholas is constructed in flint, with some conglomerate and brick, and has limestone dressings. The roofs are tiled. Its plan consists of a nave, a chancel with a north vestry (previously a porch), and a west tower. The tower is wholly octagonal. In each face of the upper stage of the tower is a lancet, and there is another lancet on the west side at a lower level. The parapet is battlemented. The tower has a west doorway in Norman style, which has possibly been re-set from elsewhere in the church. It has scalloped capitals, and zig-zag decoration on the arch. Inside the upper part of the tower is a 17th-century dovecote lined with brick nesting boxes. On the south side, between the tower and the nave, is a brick stair turret. The nave windows have two lights with Decorated tracery. Between the windows on the south side is another Norman doorway, again with zig-zag decoration. The north and south walls of the chancel have two-light windows with Y-tracery, and three-light windows with Perpendicular tracery. The east window has five lights. The east gable is decorated with grotesque carvings, and above the east window is head-corbel and a blocked niche. The vestry has two-light north and south windows. In the north wall of the nave is an Early English doorway, with dog-tooth ornament. Around the church are stepped buttresses.

### Interior

The nave and chancel have panelled ceilings with stencilled decorations. The tower screen dates from the 19th century and is in Perpendicular style. On the south wall of the chancel are a trefoil-headed piscina and a sedilia, and on the north wall is a monument dated 1707. The communion rail is in stone and dates from the 19th century. At the foot of the altar steps are early coffin slabs set in the floor. The pulpit and box pews date from the 18th century. The font is from the 15th century. It has an octagonal bowl, each face being carved with a seated figure under an ogee arch. The stem has carved figures, four standing and four seated. The church's bell was cast in about 1290. It was one of the oldest bells in East Anglia, but was stolen in the 1970s. The stained glass is by S. C. Yarington of Norwich. Much of this was damaged during the 1970s, but some has been recovered and re-set in the upper parts of the windows.
# Stachyamoeba

Stachyamoeba is a genus the amoeboid Heterolobosea.
# Stachyacanthus

Stachyacanthus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. The only species is Stachyacanthus riedelianus.
The species is found in Mato Grosso state of west-central Brazil.
# St Michael's Church, Pennington

St Michael's Church is in the village of Pennington, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Furness, the archdeaconry of Westmorland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of Holy Trinity, Bardsea, and St Peter, Lindal and Marton. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

## History

The church stands on an ancient site, but the oldest parts of the present church are the nave and the tower that were built in 1826–27. In 1917 the Lancaster architect Henry Paley of Austin and Paley prepared plans for a complete rebuilding of the church, but this was considered to be too expensive. Further plans were made that involved adding a polygonal chancel, removing the ceiling, opening the tower arch, inserting new windows, reseating the church, and carrying out a general restoration of the existing building. This was completed for the church's centenary at a cost of £5,708 (equivalent to £420,000 in 2023). In 1934 the same architect added an organ chamber and a new aisle at a cost of £666.

## Architecture

St Michael's is constructed in stone rubble with ashlar dressings, and has slate roofs. Its plan consists of a four-bay nave, a south porch, an apsidal chancel, a south organ chamber with an aisle, and a west tower. The tower has diagonal buttresses, a two-light west window, straight-headed bell openings, and an embattled parapet. The nave windows have two-lights and straight heads, and contain Decorated tracery. The east window has five lights, and the window in the organ chamber has three lights. Inset into the wall of the inner entrance to the church is a Norman tympanum carved with runes, and the image of Christ and a cross. There are also damaged Norman capitals built into the porch, and fragments of carved stones elsewhere inside the church. The octagonal font is medieval and is tulip-shaped. All the stained glass was made by Powell. The two-manual pipe organ was made by Jardine and Company of Manchester.

## External features

In the churchyard is a sundial listed at Grade II. It is dated 1680 and consists of an octagonal post on a square base with a square cap.
# St Michael's Church, Monkton Combe

St Michael's Church is the Church of England parish church of Monkton Combe, Somerset, England. It was also the parish church of Combe Down until the 1850s when the communities separated. It is a Grade II listed building.

## Background

The structure is mostly mid-Victorian. Predominantly an example of Early English Gothic Revival, the structure has a steep pitched polychrome Welsh Slate roof and other aspects that clearly mark it from a distance as being a mid 19th Century construction. The main tower is surmounted by a gilded weather cock.

## Norman Church

The village was owned by the Bath Abbey monks, hence the name Monkton Combe, and the first structure was considered to be an “ancient Norman” one. The parish minutes of 1757 give a glimpse of the small church structure having a chancel with at least two pews. “The church is a small structure, 50 feet in length and 16 feet in breadth, covered with tiles; at the west end in a little stone turret hangs two small bells. It is dedicated to St. Michael.”

## Regency Church

“About the beginning of the 19th century, when this little old church, after long neglect, needed extensive repairs, the inhabitant instead of repairing it, pulled it down and out of its materials build a new church of about the same size, seating only 95 persons, but to their minds no doubt more comfortable. It was erected in 1814 and did not last long. The Rev. Francis Pocock, being appointed vicar of Monkton Combe in 1863, found this church in a dilapidated state, and … for the needs for the parish, and had the courage to undertake the entire rebuilding of the sacred edifice.” Revd Pocock went on to found Monkton Combe School in 1868.

## Bells

The tower contains an 8-bell chime which was installed as a memorial to Rev. Francis Pocock, vicar of the parish from 1863 to 1875. It was cast by J. Taylor of Loughborough and dedicated at Easter 1927 by the Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells. There are also two small ancient bells which are survivors from a previous building on this site.

## Organ

The church contains a two manual pipe organ by Henry Jones and Sons.

## Churchyard

The churchyard contains the grave of Harry Patch, known as the "Last Fighting Tommy" and the last surviving British Army soldier to have fought in World War I. He died aged 111 and was buried there in July 2009, near the graves of several members of his family.

## List of Incumbents

| Name | Years as Minister |
| The Revd F. Pocock | 1863–1876 |
| The Revd A.G. Gristock | 1876–1882 |
| The Revd D.L. Pitcairn | 1883–1914 |
| The Revd Sir M.H.P. Beauchamp | 1914–1918 |
| The Revd P.E. Warrington | 1918–1961 |
# St Matthew's Church, Saltney

St Matthew's Church, Saltney, was in Flint Road, Saltney, Flintshire, Wales (grid reference SJ368654).
The church was opened in 1911 as a mission church to the parish church of St Mark, Saltney. St Mark's Church is an Anglican church in the parish of Lache cum Saltney, the deanery of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the diocese of Chester.
St Matthew's was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas and built in brick with lancet windows. It was intended to have a longer nave and a tower at the northwest, but these were never completed. Its plan consisted of a broad nave and a chancel with a south aisle. In the series The Buildings of Wales, Edward Hubbard expressed the opinion that the church was "not impressive externally" although "the interior is more rewarding".
After the church became redundant, it was closed on 4 June 2000. The building was destroyed by fire in December 2008.
# National Penitentiary and Prison Institute (Colombia)

The National Penitentiary and Prison Institute, INPEC, is the Colombian central government agency responsible for the incarceration and rehabilitation of convicted criminal offenders, and administration of the penitentiary institutions in the country
# Scheyville, New South Wales

Scheyville ( /ˌskaɪˈvɪl/) is a suburb of Sydney, Australia. It is located 54 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of the Sydney central business district in the Hawkesbury local government area.

## Military history

From 1965 to 1973, Scheyville was the site of Officer Training Unit, Scheyville (OTU Scheyville), established to provide training to meet the growing need for officers for the new conscripts called up for service under the national service scheme.

## Parks

In 1997 large tracts of land in the area were dedicated as the Scheyville National Park. The area is named after William Schey, MLA, the Member for Redfern and later Darlington between 1887 and 1898.
The park is listed on the New South Wales Heritage Register.
# The Cage 2

The Cage 2 a 2002 album by guitarist Dario Mollo and former Black Sabbath vocalist Tony Martin. It is their second collaboration.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Dario Mollo/Tony Martin unless stated otherwise

## Personnel
### Band members

* Tony Martin – vocals
* Dario Mollo – guitar
* Tony Franklin – bass
* Roberto Gualdi – drums
* Dario Patti – keyboards

### Additional performer

* Walter Ruta – didjeridoo

### Production

* Dario Mollo – production, engineering, mastering and mixing
* Saverio Chippalone – photography
# Corticium diamantense

Corticium diamantense is a species of sea sponge in the order Homosclerophorida, first found in vertical walls of reef caves at depths of about 23 to 28 metres (75 to 92 ft) in the Caribbean Sea. This species has oscula situated near its border; regular non-lophose calthrops of one size, rare tetralophose calthrops and candelabra, the fourth actine of which is basally ramified into 4 or 5 microspined rays.
# Abraham Fitzgibbon

Abraham 'Abram' Fitzgibbon (23 January 1823 – 4 April 1887) was an Irish-born railroad engineer and a pioneer for narrow-gauge railways.

## Career

In the early 1860s, Fitzgibbon was working at Dun Mountain Railway in Nelson, New Zealand, a horse-drawn line upon which he worked from 1860 (3 ft / 914 mm gauge)
Fitzgibbon arrived in the colony of Queensland in June 1863. He was appointed first chief engineer of Queensland Railways after a rise through the ranks in the early stages of the railway department development. The first operations of the Queensland Railways opened in 1865.
There was debate regarding the choice of gauge, 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) versus 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. It is claimed that Fitzgibbon said that the narrow gauge would be sufficient to last 25 or 30 years and was cheaper. Despite opposition from contemporaries, he successfully advocated for the use of narrow gauge or 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) track in Australia. By 1867, the controversies included the termination of Fitzgibbon's contract.

## Death and legacy

Fitzgibbon died on 4 April 1887 at Moorside, Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, England.
The Fitzgibbon suburb of Brisbane is named after Abraham Fitzgibbon.
Queensland railways continue to be 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge to the present day.
# Turnastone

Turnastone is a village and civil parish 10 miles (16 km) west of Hereford, in the county of Herefordshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 28. The parish touches St. Margarets and Vowchurch. Turnastone shares a parish council with Michaelchurch Escley, Newton, St Margarets and Vowchurch called "Vowchurch and District Group Parish Council".

## Landmarks

There are 12 listed buildings in Turnastone. Turnastone has a church called St Mary Magdalene.

## History

The name "Turnastone" means 'de Turnei's town' and it was probably earlier called "Wluetone" from Robert de Turuei, who held the manor after the Conquest.
# Himantoglossum adriaticum

Himantoglossum adriaticum, the Adriatic lizard orchid, is a species of orchid native to Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Austria, Czech Republic and Slovakia. It is Europe's tallest orchid, often reaching the height of 1 metre.
# USS LST-308

USS LST-308 was a LST-1-class tank landing ship in the United States Navy during World War II.

## Construction and career

LST-308 was laid down on 15 September 1942 at Boston Navy Yard, Boston, Massachusetts. Launched on 9 November 1942 and commissioned on 2 January 1943.
During World War II, LST-308 was assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle theater and later assigned to Occupation and China service in the Far East. She took part in the Sicilian occupation in Italy from 9 to 15 July 1943 and 28 July to 17 August 1943. Then the Salerno landings from 9 to 21 September of the same year.
She then participated in the Iinvasion of Normandy from 6 to 25 June 1944.
After the war, she was put to occupation service and made several trips between 2 December 1945 to 7 August 1946.
She was decommissioned on 17 December 1946 and transferred to the State Department to await her disposal, 5 December 1947.

## Awards

LST-308 have earned the following awards:
* American Campaign Medal
* China Service Medal
* European-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal (3 battle stars)
* Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
* Navy Occupation Service Medal (with Asia clasp)
* World War II Victory Medal

## Citations

* 1 2 "Tank Landing Ship LST". www.navsource.org. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
* ↑ "LST-308". NHHC. Retrieved 11 November 2021.

## Sources

* United States. Dept. of the Treasury (1962). Treasury Decisions Under the Customs, Internal Revenue, Industrial Alcohol, Narcotic and Other Laws, Volume 97. U.S. Government Printing Office.
* Moore, Capt. John (1984). Jane's Fighting Ships 1984-85. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710607959.
* Saunders, Stephen (2009). Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710628886.
* Fairplay International Shipping Journal Volume 222. United Kingdom: Fairplay Publishing Limited. 1967.
vteLST-1-class tank landing ships :
Preceded by: None
Followed by: LST-491 class :
List of United States Navy LSTs
List of United States Navy amphibious warfare ships :