OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William H. Young

William H. Young may refer to:
* William H. Young (labor leader) (born 1946), American labor leader
* William H. Young (died 1899), founder of Young's Scouts
* William Henry Young (1863–1942), British mathematician
* William Henry Young (politician) (1845–?), American politician
* William Hugh Young (1838–1901), Confederate general
# William Romaine Paterson

William Romaine Paterson (29 July 1871 – 3 December 1941) was a Scottish, Glasgow-based writer often using the pen name Benjamin Swift. He wrote novels, poems, essays, and short stories.

## Biographical details

William Romaine Paterson was born in Glasgow on 29 July 1871. He lived at 25 University Gardens near the University of Glasgow.
He received the MA degree from the University of Glasgow in 1894.
His mother was Marion Paterson. His father was Robert Paterson. His sister, Catherine Paterson, gifted part his archive to University of Glasgow Special Collections. He also had a brother, James Venn Paterson, and a nephew, James Paterson, Doctor of Laws.
He was interned in Vichy France during World War II. He died in Moustiers-Sainte-Marie on 3 December 1941.

## Works

* Nancy Noon, 1896
* The Tormentor, 1897
* The Destroyer, 1898
* Dartnell: A Bizarre Incident, 1900
* Nude Souls, a novel, 1900
* The Eternal Conflict, an essay, 1901, 228pp.
* Ludus amoris, reprinted as The Game of Love, 1902
* In Piccadilly, 1903
* Gossip, 1905
* Life's questionings: A book of experience, a collection of author's aphorisms and apothegms 1905
* The Nemesis Of Nations: Studies In History, 1907
** From the preface: "...a humble attempt is made to utilise part of the expert evidence for the purpose of forming some opinions on the life and death of nations." Chapters: I. Introduction, II. Hindustan, III. Babylon, IV. Greece, V. Rome.
* The Death Man, 1908
* The Lady of the Night, 1913
* What Lies Beneath, 1917
* Siren City, 1923
* The Old Dance Master, 1923
* Problems of Destiny, an essay, 1935
# William J. LeVeque

William Judson LeVeque (August 9, 1923 – December 1, 2007) was an American mathematician and administrator who worked primarily in number theory. He was executive director of the American Mathematical Society during the 1970s and 1980s when that organization was growing rapidly and greatly increasing its use of computers in academic publishing.

## Life and education

LeVeque was born August 9, 1923, in Boulder, Colorado. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Colorado in 1944, and a master's degree in 1945 and a Ph.D. in 1947 from Cornell University.
He was an instructor at Harvard University from 1947 to 1949, then started at University of Michigan as an instructor and rose to professor. In 1970 he moved to the Claremont Graduate School. In 1977 he became executive director of the American Mathematical Society and remained there until his retirement in 1988.
After retirement LeVeque and his wife, Ann, took up sailing and lived on their sailboat for three years while they traveled from Narragansett Bay to Grenada. They then moved to Bainbridge Island, Washington, where he kept active in volunteer activities for the rest of his life. He died December 1, 2007. His son Randall J. LeVeque is a well known applied mathematician.

## Work

LeVeque's research interest was number theory, specifically transcendental numbers, uniform distribution, and Diophantine approximation.
He wrote a number of number theory textbooks and reference books, which influenced the development of number theory in the United States. A long-term project was to update Leonard Eugene Dickson's History of the Theory of Numbers. This project eventually produced a six-volume collection titled Reviews in Number Theory. The Special Libraries Association's Physics-Astronomy-Mathematics Division awarded LeVeque its Division Award in 1978 for his contributions to the bibliography of mathematics.
The American Mathematical Society grew rapidly during LeVeque's time as executive director (1977–1988). Revenues tripled from $5 million in 1977 to $14.9 million in 1988. The Society began computerizing at a rapid rate during this period, with Mathematical Reviews first becoming available electronically through existing academic dial-up services; this system later evolved into MathSciNet. Most of the headquarters staff received computer terminals for use in the new operations.

## Selected publications

* LeVeque, William J. (2002) [1956]. Topics in Number Theory, Volumes I and II. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-42539-9.
* Leveque, William J. (1990) [1962]. Elementary Theory of Numbers. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-66348-7.
* LeVeque, William J., ed. (1969). Studies in number theory. Mathematical Association of America. OCLC 17369.
* LeVeque, William J., ed. (1974). Reviews in number theory, as printed in Mathematical reviews, 1940 through 1972, volumes 1-44 inclusive. American Mathematical Society. OCLC 948152. (6 volumes)
* Leveque, William J. (1996) [1977]. Fundamentals of Number Theory. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-68906-7.
# William Harward

William Harward DD (d. 1589) was a Canon of Windsor from 1562 - 1589.

## Family

He married (as her third husband) Alice Cavell, widow of Humphrey Cavell MP, in 1568.

## Career

He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1550, and then Queens' College, Cambridge, where he graduated MA in 1553 and was a fellow until 1559.
He was appointed:
* Prebendary of Bursalis in Chichester 1558 - 1560
* Rector of St Clement Danes 1559 - 1589
* Vicar of Cowfold, Sussex 1560
* Rector of Shadoxhurst, Kent
* Rector of Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire
* Prebendary of Winchester 1581
He was appointed to the twelfth stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1562, and held the stall until 1589.
# Silicon Disk System

The Silicon Disk System was the first commercially available RAM disk for microcomputers.
It was written by Jerry Karlin in 1979/80. Karlin was joined by Peter Cheesewright, and their company Microcosm Research Ltd. marketed the product for a number of years. The product was available as a standalone and also bundled with a number of different microcomputers and RAM-board products. Later, the Silicon Disk System was sold by Microcosm Ltd. Initially, it was available for the CP/M operating system. Versions for the MP/M, CP/M-86, and MP/M-86 operating systems followed. Following the launch of the IBM PC, a version for the MS-DOS and PC DOS operating systems was produced.
# Mohammad Naeem (Lahore cricketer)

Chaudri Mohammad Naeem (date of birth unknown), best known as Mohammad Naeem, was a Pakistani cricketer. From Lahore, Mohammad made his first-class debut during the 1959–60 season, playing two matches for Lahore in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. During the following season, he played a further match for Lahore, in the Ayub Trophy. This was followed by a single appearance for a Punjab Governor's XI against Punjab University, in which he took three catches and effected three stumpings while playing as the team's wicket-keeper. For the 1961–62 season of the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, Lahore was split into two separate teams—Lahore "A" and Lahore "B". Mohammad played three further first-class matches for Lahore "A" as a top-order batsman. His highest score (and only half-century) was an innings of 56 runs against Multan in November 1961, which included a partnership of 93 runs with Iftikhar Bukhtari (106) for the second wicket.
# The Stag and the Vine

The stag (hart, hind or deer) and the vine is a formerly popular and widely translated fable by Aesop. It is numbered 77 in the Perry Index.

## The fable and its history

A deer pursued by hunters hides among the vines. While there, it nibbles the leaves of the plant and so betrays its presence to the hunters, who return and kill it. The dying deer acknowledges the righteousness of the divine punishment for ingratitude to its benefactor. The fable has remained more or less unchanged in form since its first appearance in Greek sources.
From the 16th century the fable was frequently retold in Europe. Gabriele Faerno included a Latin poetic version titled Cerva et vitis in his Centum Fabulae (1563), a work that soon became a widely distributed school textbook with a French verse translation. In that century too the fable was taken to Mexico by Spanish colonialists, who translated it into the Aztec language and had to coin the word for 'vineyard' specially from Nahuatl, since plantations had only recently been introduced by the European invaders. Later in the Far East, Portuguese priests related the story in their Japanese compilation of Aesop's Fables, Esopo no Fabulas (1593).
In 1666 La Fontaine included the story in the first volume of his fables under the title Le cerf et la vigne, and the story was translated back into Latin verse by J.B. Giraud in his schoolbook of 1775. Then in the following century, another Latin poetic version of the original fable was published in a schoolbook "intended as a help towards original composition".
One of the earliest English prose versions of the story was titled "The Hind and the Vine" and included in Charles Hoole's Aesop's Fables English and Latin (1700). Shortly afterwards it was retold in verse at the end of an essay on ingratitude by Arthur Maynwaring. 18th century compilers of fables retitled the story "The Hart and the Vine" and accompanied it with lengthy moral commentaries. By the 19th century that title had become "The Stag and the Vine" in a short poem by Brooke Boothby and in Elizur Wright's US translation of La Fontaine's fables.
Much earlier, Roger L'Estrange had included the fable in his collection of 1692, accompanied by a political reflexion that alluded to the civil conflicts between monarch and parliament in which he had participated earlier in the century. However, the title of "The Goat and the Vine" that he gave it properly belongs to a completely different fable by Aesop in which retribution is threatened but is slower to follow.
# Martin Scott (rugby union)

Martin Scott (born 5 July 1966) is a former Scotland international rugby union player.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

He played for Dunfermline.
He then moved to play for Edinburgh Academicals.

### Provincial and professional career

He was capped by North and Midlands.
When the game turned professional, he played for Orrell in England.
He played for the Combined Scottish Districts side in 1996.

### International career

He was capped twice by Scotland 'B', playing against Ireland 'B' at the end of 1991, and against France 'B' in 1992 - which proved the 'B' side's last match.
He received his first full senior cap in 1992 against Australia. It proved his only full cap.
He was capped twice by Scotland 'A' from 1993 to 1995.
# William Sheer

William Sheer (1889–1933) was a British-born American stage and film actor of the silent era.

## Selected filmography

* Regeneration (1915)
* Unto Those Who Sin (1916)
* The Tides of Fate (1917)
* The Sealed Envelope (1919)
* The Divorce Trap (1919)
* Pitfalls of a Big City (1919)
* Headin' Home (1920)
# William Shernoff

William M. Shernoff (born c.1949) is an American trial lawyer based in Claremont, California/Beverly Hills, USA. He practices a branch of law known as "insurance bad faith", in which he investigates the alleged bad faith and misconduct of insurance companies. began in 1971 with his first insurance case. He then founded the firm of Shernoff Bidart Echeverria LLP, in 2004.
Shernoff is the author and co-author of several books on law, including Bad Faith (1984), Payment Refused (1986), How to Make Insurance Companies Pay Your Claims and What to Do If They Don't (1990) and Fight Back & Win (1999). He has served on the board of directors of the national insurance consumer organization, United Policyholders.

## Early life

William M. Shernoff was born circa 1949 in Wisconsin. His father was a lawyer.

## Career

In 1979, Shernoff won a landmark case amounting to $86 million for the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas when the insurance company failed to meet its obligations after the fire which devastated the hotel.
Cyclone Val was a tropical cyclone that devastated American Samoa in December 1991. In 1991, American Samoa had purchased a $45-million "all risk" insurance policy from the firm Affiliated FM Insurance. The firm would only pay $6.1 million for the damages, arguing that the insurance did not cover water damage, only that driven by the wind. Shernoff stated that the insurance company had altered American Samoa's insurance policy to exclude damages caused by "wind-driven water", despite it still covering hurricanes. In 1995 a jury awarded the American Samoa Government $28.9 million, and then added twice that amount ($57.8 million) for punitive damages. The total award in the final judgment was $86.7 million, which was stated to be the largest insurance bad faith judgment in the state of California, in 1995.
Shernoff also won cases against Generali insurance on behalf of Holocaust victims, which paved the way for a five billion dollar settlement for Holocaust victim restitution in 2002.
Shernoff has ranked on The Best Lawyers in America, every year since its first edition in 1983.

## Personal life

Shernoff married Jilda Shernoff in Beverly Hills, California.
# William Samuel Parrott

William Samuel Parrott (1844–1915) was an American landscape painter from Portland, Oregon. He was influenced by luminism. His work is in the collection of the Portland Art Museum.
# William Samuel Furneaux

William Samuel Furneaux (2 June 1855, Devonport – 1940) was a British science teacher and nature writer. Furneaux gained considerable fame in the 1890s and early twentieth century for his popular books on butterflies, moths, pond animals, and plants from the English countryside.
According to James Ritchie, Furneaux's books are succinct, well-illustrated, and among the best for stimulating young naturalists.

## Works

* Outdoor World. 1893.
* British Butterflies and Moths. 1894.
* "Life in Ponds and Streams". 1896. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
* The Out-Door World. 1900.
* The Sea Shore. 1903.
* Field and Woodland Plants. 1909.
# William Oxenham

William Oxenham VC (July 1823 – 29 December 1875) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Details

He was about 32 years old, and a corporal in the 32nd Regiment of Foot (later The Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry), British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 30 June 1857 at Siege of Lucknow, for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross:
   For distinguished gallantry in saving the life of Mr. Capper, of the Bengal Civil Service, by extricating him from the ruins of a Verandah which had fallen on him, Corporal Oxenham being for ten minutes exposed to a heavy fire, while doing so

## The medal

His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry Museum, Bodmin, Cornwall as are his campaign and good conduct medals.
# William Thomas Jr. (disambiguation)

William Thomas Jr. (1947–2020) is an American actor.
William Thomas Jr. may also refer to:
* William Thomas Jr. (child actor) or Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas (1931–1980), American actor
* William A. Thomas Jr. or Bill Thomas (born 1947), American politician from Alaska
* William Garfield Thomas Jr. (1916–1942), American naval officer
* William S. Thomas Jr. (1901–1986), American Episcopal bishop
* William W. Thomas Jr. (1839–1927), American diplomat and politician from Maine
# William Percy

William Percy may refer to:
* William de Percy (d.c. 1096/9), Anglo-Norman nobleman, crusader and founder of Whitby Abbey
* William Percy (c.1337-1407), MP for Sussex
* William Percy (bishop) (1428–1462), British bishop
* William Percy (writer) (1574–1648), English poet and playwright
* William Percy (portrait artist) (1820–1903), of Manchester, England
* William Henry Percy (1788–1855), British naval officer
* William Alexander Percy (politician), (1834–1888) American politician and grandfather of the below
* William Alexander Percy (1885–1942), American lawyer, planter and poet
* William Armstrong Percy III (born 1933), American historian and gay activist
# William Semple (footballer)

William Semple (26 November 1861 – 11 February 1940) was a Scottish footballer who played as a left back.

## Career

Born in Cambuslang, Semple played club football for Cambuslang, and made one appearance for Scotland in 1886. He captained the Scotland team on his debut.
# William Stevenson Fitch

William Stevenson Fitch (1793–1859) was an English antiquarian.

## Life

Fitch was for more than 21 years postmaster of Ipswich, but devoted his leisure to studying the antiquities of Suffolk. He made full collections for a history of that county. Most of them appear to have been dispersed by auction after his death, though the West Suffolk Archaeological Association, of which he was a founder, purchased the drawings and engravings, arranged in more than thirty quarto volumes, and they were deposited in the museum of the society at Bury St. Edmunds.
Fitch is known to have acted as a dealer in the archives of country houses to which he had access, selling many papers to which he had no rights. He died 17 July 1859, leaving a widow, a daughter, and two sons.

## Works

Fitch published:
* A Catalogue of Suffolk Memorial Registers, Royal Grants, (in his possession), Great Yarmouth, 1843.
* Ipswich and its Early Mints (Ipswich), 1848.
He contributed notices of coins and antiquities found in Suffolk to the Journal of the British Archaeological Association (vols. i. ii. iii. xxi.), and contributed to the Proceedings of the East Suffolk Archaeological Society.
# William Wolstenholme

William Wolstenholme (24 February 1865 – 23 July 1931) was an English composer and organist. He was blind from birth.

## Biography

William Wolstenholm was born in Blackburn, Lancashire on 24 February 1865. From the age of 9 he attended Worcester College for the Blind, where he first met and was encouraged by Edward Elgar. His primary musical training came from the organsist William Done. While in Worcester he played the Mendelssohn G minor piano concerto at a Worcester Philharmonic Society concert. At Oxford from 1877 he was the first blind musician to take the degree since John Stanley. In 1888, Wolstenholme returned to Blackburn as the organist of St Paul's Church (closed in 1954 and demolished). He stayed until 1902 when he became the organist at the Congregationalist Chapel, King's Weigh House in Mayfair, London.
Wolstenholme was a close friend of the other noted blind organist Alfred Hollins and was also well known as a recitalist. His devoted sister Maud acted as his secretary and amanuensis for most of his life, accompanying him on an extensive and very successful tour of the US in 1908. This led to his popularity as a teacher for American students visiting London. In 1921 Wolstenholme played the organ at the funeral of newspaper magnate Sir Cyril Arthur Pearson at St Clement Danes Church. In 1924 he became organist at All Saints' Church, Finchley Road, St John's Wood.
His compositions include around 100 pieces for organ, including the paired pieces from 1895, Die Frage (The Question) and Die Antwort (The Answer), by far his best-known work, and the once highly regarded Organ Sonata in F ("in the style of Handel") published by Lengnick in 1896. There is a cantata, Lord Ullin's Daughter for soloist, chorus and strings, and much church music, including the harvest anthem Thou, O God, Art Praised In Sion. He composed song cycles, solo piano works and pieces for military band. His chamber music includes two string quartets, a piano quartet and a wind quintet. Many of his scores - in braille and in manuscript - are held at the Blackburn's Community History Library.
He died at his home in Hampstead on 23 July 1931, and was buried at Hampstead Cemetery.
# William Wondriska

William Wondriska (June 29, 1931 – July 8, 2016) was an American illustrator and writer. In addition to his work in promotional design and advertising, Wondriska wrote eleven books for children, including A Long Piece of String (1963), The Sound of Things (1958) and All by Myself (1963).
Wondriska was born in Oak Park, Illinois. He studied at Yale University and the Art Institute of Chicago.
He served as president of Hartford Art School, which now offers a William Wondriska Graphic Design Award to graphic design students of merit and to support visiting designers. In 1995 Wondriska was among five university regents and former regents who filed a lawsuit seeking to block Hartford University from absorbing money historically controlled by the Art School Board.
In 1961 Wondriska founded Wondriska Associates, a design firm which became known for its branding work with such clients as the Walt Disney Company, Children's Television Workshop, the Art Institute of Chicago, the National Gallery of Art, and the Boston Symphony. In the 1980s, Wondriska Associates' won awards for their work for United Technologies Corp. and Aetna. In 1994 Wondriska Associates merged with Dennis Russo Design to become Wondriska Russo Associates.
The 2010 reissue of A Long Piece of String by Chronicle Books instigated a revival of interest in his work, with Liz Rosenberg of the Boston Globe labeling the book "a miracle of simplicity."
Wondriska lived in Concord, Massachusetts, until his death from complications of Parkinson's disease in July 2016.
# Wingz

Wingz may refer to:
* Informix Wingz, a spreadsheet program
* Wingz (company), an American transportation network company
# Simon Le Duc

Simon Le Duc, more commonly Leduc (Paris, 15 January 1742 – 22 January 1777), was a French violinist, soloist at the Concert Spirituel, music publisher and composer. His younger brother, Pierre Le Duc (1755–1818), was also a violinist. Leduc was a pupil of the famous violinist and professor at the Paris Conservatoire, Pierre Gaviniès. He later became director of the Concerts Spirituel, with Gaviniès and François-Joseph Gossec
During the child prodigy Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's first tour of Europe in 1763–64, Wolfgang and his father Leopold Mozart had a chance to hear Leduc play. Leopold, an authority on violin performance who had published a treatise on violin playing in 1756 which is still read today, praised Leduc in his travel diary: "He plays well." Leduc also composed many pieces for violin, including at least two sets of violin sonatas (published as opuses 1 and 4), three violin concertos, and some chamber music.
In his survey of music of the galant period, Robert Gjerdingen notes strong similarities between Leduc's style and that of his Neapolitan contemporaries, especially Cimarosa. Gjerdingen writes, "Leduc wrote highly refined music for small aristocratic gatherings in chambers and salons. The fluency and perfection of his style was matched by few others", and he argues that Leduc's music was in the "mainstream" of eighteenth-century galant style, though it is mostly forgotten today.

## Works, editions and recordings

* The complete symphonic works. La Stagione dir. Michael Schneider, CPO