OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arrowroot tea

Arrowroot tea, also called kudzu tea, is a traditional East Asian tea made from East Asian arrowroot, a type of kudzu.

## Names

Arrowroot tea is called gegen-cha (葛根茶) in Chinese, kuzuyu (葛湯; くずゆ) in Japanese, and chikcha (칡차), galgeun-cha (갈근차; 葛根茶), and galbun-cha (갈분차; 葛粉茶) in Korean.

## Preparation
### Japan

Kuzuyu (葛湯) is a sweet Japanese beverage that is made by adding kudzu flour to hot water. It has a thick, honey-like texture, and a pale, translucent appearance. It is served in a mug or tea bowl. During the winter, Kuzuyu is traditionally served for dessert as a hot drink.
In Japanese, Kuzu (葛) is the word for "kudzu". It is also translated as "arrowroot", although kudzu and arrowroot are distinct plants. Yu (湯) means "hot water". In English, the name of the drink is sometimes translated as kudzu starch gruel or arrowroot tea.
In order to make Kuzuyu, Kudzu flour is added to hot water and stirred until thick. Kudzu flour, or Kuzuko (葛粉), is a powder that is made from the dried root of the kudzu plant. Kudzu flour can also be used in East Asian sauces and soups, as it is a powerful thickening agent. When added to hot water, it quickly alters the water's texture. Though lacking fragrance and taste in its powder form, the arrowroot takes on a unique sweet flavor when dissolved in the hot water.

### Korea

Chikcha (칡차; "arrowroot tea") can be made with either sliced East Asian arrowroot or the starch powder made from the root. Chik (칡) is the native Korean name of the plant, while cha (차; 茶) means "tea". Chikcha can also refer to the tea made from arrowroot flower. Chikcha made from powdered arrowroot is also called galbun-cha (갈분차; 葛粉茶). Galbun-cha is a Sino-Korean name for the drink, formed from gal (갈, 葛: the Korean pronunciation of the Chinese word for kudzu) and bun (분, 粉: the Korean pronunciation of the Chinese word for "flour, powder"). Conversely, chikcha made by boiling the dried roots is called galgeun-cha (갈근차; 葛根茶), with geun (근; 根) meaning "root".
The roots are harvested from late autumn to early spring. They are then washed, peeled, and sun-dried. To make tea, 15–20 g (0.53–0.71 oz) of fresh roots are simmered in 600 ml (21 imp fl oz; 20 US fl oz) of water over low heat, until the water is reduced by two thirds. Jujubes can also be boiled with the shredded roots if desired. The tea can be served hot or cold. While honey may be added to taste, sugar is not recommended.
An alternative tea can be made by ground arrowroot. First, the roots are torn into thin shreds. They are then dried for twenty days in shade, followed by ten days in a hot ondol room, after which they are ground to a starch powder. Tea is then made by mixing the starch powder with hot water. The gruel-like tea that results can also be combined with sugar, milk, green tea, or cocoa. Similar tea can also be made using starch powder from the scaly bulbs of Asian fawnlily.
Chikcha made from the arrowroot flowers can also be prepared by infusing two dried flowers, preferably picked in August, in 600 ml (21 imp fl oz; 20 US fl oz) of hot water.
# Urbek City Builder

Urbek City Builder is a city-building video game developed by Estudios Kremlinois and published by RockGame. The game also has a puzzle aspect.

## Gameplay and description

Unlike many entries in the city builder genre, Urbek does not use money, or "random elements" such as disasters.
Buildings have varied requirements including resources and relative placement. Buildings can upgrade to other types of buildings depending on these relative placements. Relative placements can also have negative impacts on buildings, such as pollution affecting housing. In addition to direct placement of some buildings, the game also uses a zone mechanic.
Graham Smith of Rock Paper Shotgun suggests the building requirements gives the game a puzzle game aspect. Luke Plunkett of Kotaku explains how the puzzles also arise from numbers and spacing of buildings.
Urbek uses voxel graphics. Details can be inspected up close by exploring a city in a first-person view.
The game includes a tutorial made up of text dialog boxes.

## Reception

Smith praised the voxel art, suggesting Urbek has better graphics than many indie games in the genre. Frances Addison of KeenGamer found the building design appealing.
Smith compared the addition of the puzzle aspect to Concrete Jungle.
Plunkett wrote that despite the apparent complexity of some of the game mechanics, the gameplay felt more relaxing than other city builders, other reviewers found a similar atmosphere.
Addison also wrote about creativity in the gameplay and suggested "the core of the game is putting your city together just as you want it to be". Plunkett similarly suggests that the game has "malleability" allowing for creativity by the player.
# Woodroffe-Hedley v Cuthbertson

Woodroffe-Hedley v Cuthbertson, also known as Hedley v Cuthbertson (Unreported, 20 June 1997) was an English tort law case heard in the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court. The claimant was a six-year-old child whose father had died in a mountaineering accident; the defendant was the victim's mountain guide who was found guilty of negligence.

## Facts

Gerry Hedley hired David Cuthbertson to guide him to the summit of the Tour Ronde in the French Alps via its steep North face. Hedley was an experienced climber and Cuthbertson was an experienced Alpine guide. Cuthbertson was leading and was concerned about the sun's effect on the snow. He therefore used a single screw belay to save time. Cuthbertson could not remember the accident, but another climber stated that a large sheet of ice broke away from the mountain, wrenching out the screw and killing Hedley instantly. Cuthbertson's knee was fractured in the accident.

## Judgment

The victim's six-year-old son, who had not been born at the time of his father's death, was the claimant.
Mr Justice Dyson held that the defendant had been negligent in only using one screw and had fallen below the standard of care owed to the victim. He described the situation as a "serious mistake with tragic consequences." He awarded £150,000 in damages, although he was also critical of the risks that the victim had taken. The damages were paid by the defendant's insurance company.

## Later developments

Cuthbertson was the first mountain climber to be sued for negligence following a fatal accident. Hedley's widow expressed sympathy for Cuthberson.
Cuthbertson's actions in the accident were later defended by the professional standards committee of the British Mountain Guides, who found he was not at fault.
The case is often used as an example in tort law textbooks, as well as in general sports education.
# Céaux-d'Allègre

Céaux-d'Allègre (French pronunciation:, literally Céaux of Allègre; Occitan: Ceu d'Alègre) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.
# Living Legend (Art Pepper album)

Living Legend is a 1975 jazz album by saxophonist Art Pepper playing with pianist Hampton Hawes, bassist Charlie Haden and drummer Shelly Manne.
This was Art Pepper's "comeback" album, the first to be released after his long absence due to drug addiction and incarceration in San Quentin prison. Pepper had been finally released in 1966 and for a while only played tenor saxophone, showing how much of an influence John Coltrane had been on him in the intervening years. In 1968 Buddy Rich asked him to join his big band (on alto); Pepper borrowed an alto and, in his words, quoted in the sleeve notes to this album, "discovered I was able to say everything I wanted to say and I didn't have to sacrifice my individuality to be accepted or to be modern".
Following two operations for a ruptured spleen, Pepper moved into Synanon, a rehabilitation centre for recovering addicts, and began the slow return to full-time performing and recording.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
AllMusic reviewer Scott Yanow wrote that "Pepper displays a more explorative and darker style than he had previously. He also shows a greater emotional depth in his improvisations and was open to some of the innovations of the avant-garde in his search for greater self-expression."

## Track listing

* "Ophelia" – 7:51
* "Here's That Rainy Day" (Johnny Burke, Jimmy Van Heusen) – 5:40
* "What Laurie Likes" – 6:45
* "Mr. Yohe" – 7:10
* "Lost Life" – 5:52
* "Samba Mom-Mom" – 8:23
       (Recorded on 9 August 1975.)
All songs written by Art Pepper unless otherwise noted.

## Personnel

* Art Pepper – alto saxophone
* Hampton Hawes – piano, electric piano
* Charlie Haden – bass
* Shelly Manne – drums
# Tuiré

Tuiré (or Touiré) is a town in the Zorgho Department of Ganzourgou Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,984.
# The Showdown (1950 film)

The Showdown is a 1950 American Western film directed by Dorrell McGowan and Stuart E. McGowan and starring Wild Bill Elliott, Walter Brennan and Marie Windsor.

## Plot

A former Texas lawman. Shadrach Jones (William Elliott) sets out to discover who killed his brother and stole their combined savings. While at the saloon run by the beautiful Adelaide (Marie Windsor), Jones becomes convinced that the thieving murderer is one of a group of cowboys on a cattle drive led by Captain MacKellar (Walter Brennan). Determined to find justice, Jones joins the cattle drive and slowly gets closer to uncovering the identity of the killer.

## Cast

* Wild Bill Elliott as Shadrach Jones (as William Elliott)
* Walter Brennan as Cap MacKellar
* Marie Windsor as Adelaide
* Harry Morgan as Rod Main (as Henry Morgan)
* Rhys Williams as Chokecherry
* Jim Davis as Cochran
* William Ching as Mike Shattay
* Nacho Galindo as Gonzales
* Leif Erickson as Big Mart
* Henry Rowland as Dutch
* Charles Stevens as Indian Joe
* Victor Kilian as Hemp
* Yakima Canutt as Davis
* Guy Teague as Pickney
* William Steele as Terry
* Jack Sparks as Bartender
# William Murray (bishop)

William Murray was an Anglican bishop in the first half of the Seventeenth century.
Formerly Chaplain-in-Ordinary to King James I & VI he was nominated Bishop of Kilfenora on 15 March 1622 and consecrated on 18 December that year. He was translated to Llandaff on 24 December 1627.
# Church of St Columba, Scarborough

The Church of St Columba is a Church of England parish church in Scarborough, North Yorkshire. The church was designed by the architect Temple Moore (1856–1920), but was built from 1924 to 1926 by his son-in-law Leslie Thomas Moore. It is a grade II* listed building.
The church stands on an irregularly shaped plot, and the buildings has been built to this. The chancel is located in the north-east corner rather than the usual liturgical east. It has a triangular lady chapel. The floor plan of the church has been described as bird-like.
As of 2024, St Columba's is united with St James with Holy Trinity Church, Scarborough as the benefice of Scarborough Saint Columba and Saint James with Holy Trinity. The parish is in the Archdeaconry of The East Riding of the Diocese of York.

## Gallery

* Nave and chancel
* Font
* Side aisle showing the irregular shape of the building
# Uroballus koponeni

Uroballus koponeni is a species of spider of the genus Uroballus. It is endemic to the Malaysian part of Borneo.
This species is closest to Uroballus kinabalu. U. koponeni has different spermathecal chambers, longer spinnerets, and long abdominal hairs.

## Distribution

Uroballus koponeni has been described from one female and two immatures, which were collected in 1987, by beating foliage in secondary forest in Kampong Kuap, near Kuching, Sarawak, Borneo.

## Name

The species is named after Finnish arachnologist Seppo Koponen, who turned 70 at the year of description.

## Description

The body of the female is about 3 mm long. The abdomen is unusually long, with a zebra-like pattern and transverse rows of dark long hairs.
The abdomen of the female is covered in dark long hears, becoming especially dense and long near at the rear end, and on the spinnerets. This species has the longest spinnerets of any Uroballus, and indeed of any salticid. They are around half as long as the abdomen.
# Woman-Wise

Woman-Wise is a 1937 American crime film directed by Allan Dwan and written by Ben Markson. The film stars Rochelle Hudson, Michael Whalen, Thomas Beck, Alan Dinehart, Douglas Fowley and George Hassell. The film was released on January 22, 1937, by 20th Century Fox.

## Cast

* Rochelle Hudson as Alice Fuller
* Michael Whalen as Tracey Browne
* Thomas Beck as Clint De Witt
* Alan Dinehart as Richards
* Douglas Fowley as Stevens
* George Hassell as John De Witt
* Astrid Allwyn as 'Bubbles' Carson
* Chick Chandler as Bob Benton
* Pat Flaherty as Duke Fuller
# James Caruthers Rhea Ewing

James Caruthers Rhea Ewing, KCIE (23 June 1854 – 20 August 1925) was a prominent American Presbyterian missionary, educationist, theologian, and author who worked in India.
Ewing was born in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania to Eleanor Rhea and James Henry Ewing. Many of the family where clergymen including granduncle Rev. James Ewing Caruthers. The family moved to Saltsburg in 1860. He went to a local school which was called "Clawson's" and then taught at school for a while. He joined Washington & Jefferson College in 1873 and graduated in 1876. He joined the Presbyterian Church of Washington and was a member of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity. He then went to the Theological Seminary at Allegheny. He was assigned to the Punjab Mission and sailed on 1879 aboard the steamer Illinois to London and then to India aboard the SS Singapur to Bombay. He spent the first few years learning Urdu and was posted in Allahabad. In 1884 he moved to Saharanpur. In 1887 he received a D.D. from his college. In 1888 he moved to Lahore and served as principal of what became the Forman Christian College in Lahore, Punjab in what is now Pakistan. The college had been called the "Mission College" until the death of Dr Forman in 1894. Ewing stayed on as principal until 1918. For his services after the 1905 earthquake he received a Kaiser-i-Hind Gold medal in 1906. Despite not being a British citizen, his educational work was recognized and he was appointed vice chancellor of Punjab University in 1910 and served several terms until 1917 which including working with non-Christian institutions. He returned to the US in 1922, settling in Princeton. He was created an honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1923, having been made an honorary Commander of the same Order in the 1915 New Year Honours.
Ewing was the brother of Arthur Henry Ewing, who was also a Presbyterian missionary in India. He married Jennie "Jane" Hindman Sherrard on 24 June 1879. The couple had six children, Eleanor Elizabeth (born 1880), Anna Kezia (born 1881), John Sherrard (born 1884), Margaret Rhea (1889-90), Nancy Sherrard (born 1892) and Rhea McCurdy (born 1902).

## Published works

* Rhea Ewing, James Caruthers (1918). A Prince of the Church in India. Fleming H. Revell Company. pp. 128.
# Fornham St Genevieve

Fornham St Genevieve is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. It is one of a trio of contiguous villages by the River Lark. The other villages are Fornham All Saints and Fornham St Martin.

## Location

The village is located around 500 metres (0.31 mi) north of Fornham St Martin and a 2.4 kilometres (1+1⁄2 mi) north of Bury St Edmunds. In 2005 its population was 110. Its parish council is shared with neighbouring Fornham St Martin, and is known as Fornham St Martin cum St Genevieve Parish Council.

## Etymology

The village name is derived from the Old English for 'Trout Homestead' for Fornham with the addition of the dedication to Saint Genevieve.

## History

The Domesday Book records that the population of Fornham St Genevieve in 1086 was 30 households. The history of Fornham Park involved the scene of the Battle of Fornham in 1173. Robert Whitehand Earl of Leicester put up his final stand against the forces of Henry II near the church, and was subsequently captured and taken prisoner.
Fornham St Genevieve as now seen was formed from the Fornham Hall estate, designed by Capability Brown.
The parish church was constructed around the 14th century from rubble flint, and included at least one memorial to the Tyldesley family. It was accidentally burned down on 19 May 1775, reputedly owing to the negligence of a man shooting jack daws that had lodged in the steeple. The remaining tower was Grade II* listed in 1955. Brown visited the estate after the fire and produced details plans for the estate, but died in 1783 before development could begin. The manor house at Fornham no longer survives.

## Transport

The B1106 is the main road through the village. Owing to an historical accident, there is now a roundabout in which four of the five exits have the same number.

## Gallery

* Poppy field at Fornham St Genevieve (2003)
* Old lock on River Lark (2005)
* The Suffolk Golf Course (December 2007)
* Mill Lane, Fornham St Genevieve (2012)
* The Suffolk Golf Course at Fornham St Genevieve. British Sugar factory smoke in the distance (2007)
* Heading south east, Timworth Carr (2015)
# Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park

The Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park is a marine protected area located in the vicinity of the bay of Port Phillip, between the Bellarine and Mornington Peninsulas, in Victoria, Australia. The 3,580-hectare (8,800-acre) marine national park comprises six separate sites located approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) south-west of Melbourne and stretches along 40 kilometres (25 mi) of coastline of Victoria.

## Location and features

The marine national park was created on 16 November 2002 and represents an expansion of, as well as giving stronger protection to, areas previously collectively termed the Harold Holt Marine Reserve system. The park is assigned the IUCN's Category II of the United Nations’ List of National Parks and Protected Areas, showing that the park is managed by Parks Victoria primarily for ecosystem protection and recreation.
The six sites in the marine national park are Mud Islands, Point Lonsdale, Point Nepean, Pope's Eye, Portsea Hole, and Swan Bay.
The closest towns to the areas include St Leonards, Queenscliff, Portsea and Point Lonsdale.
Habitats protected by the marine national park include seagrass meadows, kelp forests, intertidal and subtidal rocky reefs, sandy beaches and deeper marine environments. Animals protected include many species of waders, waterbirds and seabirds, as well as Australian fur seals, Burrunan dolphins, fish and a wide range of marine invertebrates. It also protects areas and items of historic, archaeological and cultural significance.
Additional and overlapping protection is given to some areas of the marine national park through the Ramsar Convention, which lists Swan Bay and Mud Islands as parts of the Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and Bellarine Peninsula Ramsar Site as wetlands of international importance.

### Threats

A proposal to dredge mechanically the entrance to Port Phillip and sections of the main shipping channel to the Port of Melbourne, in order to facilitate access by larger ships, has the potential to cause extensive turbidity, the release of toxic sediments and mechanical damage to reefs, threatening benthic communities as well as affecting economic activities in the bay such as diving businesses and fishing.
# Willis, Michigan

Willis is an unincorporated community in Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The community is located within Augusta Charter Township. As an unincorporated community, Willis has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics of its own but does have its own post office with the 48191 ZIP Code.

## Geography

Willis sits at an elevation of 686 feet (209 m) above sea level. The community is located about 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Ann Arbor in the southeastern corner of Washtenaw County. It is centered along Willis Road between Potterville Drive to the east and Bunton Road to the west. The community of Whittaker is a few miles to the southwest.
Willis is served by Lincoln Consolidated School District.

## History

The area received its first post office under the name Paint Creek in 1833. The community of Willis was originally known as Potter after early settler Willis L. Potter and developed just to the east of Paint Creek. Willis owes its creation to the building of a Grand Trunk Railway line in 1880. The Paint Creek post office was renamed Newcomb on September 27, 1881 and finally established as Willis on December 15, 1887. The post office name was changed to reflect Potter's first name.
A single railway line runs diagonally through the community and once contained a railroad station known as Willis Station. The line is currently operated by Norfolk Southern Railway but contains no station in the area.
The Willis post office remains in operation and is currently located at 8790 Bunton Road. The post office uses the 48191 ZIP Code, which encompasses most of the eastern portion of Augusta Charter Township and a small portion of London Township to the south in Monroe County.

## Notable people

* Iggy Katona, racecar driver, lived in Willis
# Kurtey people

The Kurtey people (var. Kourtey) are a small ethnic group found along the Niger River valley in parts of the West African nations of Niger, Benin, Mali, and Nigeria. They are also found in considerable numbers in Ghana, Togo, Ivory Coast, and Burkina Faso.

## Assimilation into Songhai

The Kurtey were formed from the movement of Fula people into the Niger River valley of modern Tillaberi Region, Niger in the 18th century, and their intermarriage with local Songhai, Zarma, Sorko and others. While retaining many aspects of Fula traditional culture, the Kurtey have assimilated into Songhai-Zarma ways of life and speak a Southern Songhay dialect. Some outside observers consider them a subsection of the Songhai people, while others describe them as communities with distinct histories, cultures, and ethnic self-identification within the larger Songhai speaking social space, of which the Songhai people are only one part.

## Customs and demography

They are less than 50,000 in numbers as of today, concentrated on islands and along the Niger river banks near Sansani, Dessa and Ayorou; in Niamey (especially in Koutoukalé quarter); and in villages along the lower middle Niger from Gao to northern Nigeria. Some Kurtey continue to mark themselves with their traditional facial scarification: a small cross at the top of each cheekbone. The Kurtey are also one of six Nigerien ethnic groups who have historically carried out ritual Female circumcision. Kurtey traditionally engage in sedentary cattle raising—a legacy of their Fula ancestry—as well as fishing (like Sorko people), tobacco farming, and riverine flood irrigated millet and rice farming.

## Relations with others

In the 19th century, many Muslim Kurtey engaged in slave raiding amongst pagan Zarma along the Niger, earning them the Zarma nickname "Thieves of Men" While they are, historically, bitter rivals of the Wogo people who settled in the same area from the middle Niger beginning around 1800, the two ethnic groups have become closely related, settled in the same areas, speaking similar dialects, and sharing similar ways of life. Both were Muslim before migrating to the area, enjoying close relations with the Fula Emirate of Say.