OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Winfield Scott Chaplin

Winfield Scott Chaplin (August 22, 1847 – March 12, 1918) was the chancellor of Washington University in St. Louis from 1891 until 1907.

## Early life

Winfield Scott Chaplin was born in Maine in 1847 and graduated from West Point in 1870 as a second lieutenant of artillery. After resigning in 1872, Chaplin held a number of academic positions in civil and mechanical engineering; including Maine State College, Imperial University in Tokyo, Harvard University, and Union College. He served as dean of the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard for six years before being named Chancellor of Washington University in St. Louis at age 43.

## Washington University in St. Louis

During his tenure, Washington University in St. Louis moved from downtown St. Louis to the 103-acre (0.42 km$^2$) Hilltop Campus (now known as the Danforth Campus) on the western edge of Forest Park. The St. Louis Medical College joined the University as did Missouri Dental College. The University awarded its first Ph.D. during Chaplin's administration. He brought key figures onto the board of directors who would have lasting influence on the University, most notably Samuel Cupples, Adolphus Busch, and Robert S. Brookings.

## Later years

After 16 years at the University, Chaplin moved to the southwest to lead the American Rio Grande Land and Irrigation Company. He later moved to San Antonio, Texas, where he served as president of the Academy of Science. He returned to St. Louis in 1917 and died the following year.

## Honors

Following his years as Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Tokyo, he was awarded the Imperial Order of Meiji in 1882.
# Vincenzo Chianese

Vincenzo Chianese (born 14 January 1976) is an Italian former footballer who spent most of his career in Serie B and Lega Pro Prima Divisione (previously known as Serie C1). Chianese had a scoring ratio of 0.4 goals per game in Lega Pro Prima Divisione where he scored more than 90 goals, but just a handful in Serie B.

## Biography

Born in Melito di Napoli, Chianese started his career at Atalanta Bergamo. In 1995–96 season he went on loan to Serie C1 side Casarano. In 1995, he left for Serie B side Foggia in co-ownership deal. He was bought back a year later and loaned back to Foggia. In August 1998, he left for Salernitana of Serie A. He failed to score for the team and followed the team relegated to Serie B. He just played 5 league matches in Serie B 1999–2000 before leaving on loan to league rival Fermana. In Serie B 2000–01 he scored once in 12 league matches before leaving for another league rival Pescara in January 2001. After the relegation of Pescara he joined Vicenza of Serie B, which was newly relegated from Serie A. In 2002, he was signed by Como of Serie A but left on loan to Serie C1 side Treviso before the start of the season. He returned to Como, which had been meanwhile relegated to Serie B, where he played 30 league matches and scored 1 goal. In 2004–05 season, he left for Teramo and next season for Pavia, both of them in Serie C1.
In 2006, he signed a 2-year contract with Serie C1 side Ravenna where he won the championship. In the next season he just scored 3 goals in 18 appearances, and left for Serie C1 side Arezzo in January 2008. In Lega Pro Prima Divisione 2008–09 season he scored 15 goals and helped the team reach the promotion playoffs. Where the team lost to Crotone (which later became the winner) in semifinal.

### International career

He played with Italy U-18 at 1994 UEFA European Under-18 Football Championship qualification losing to Russia U-18 in the qualification playoffs.

## Honours

* Serie C1 (2): 2002–2003; 2006–2007
# Gaffneys Creek, Victoria

Gaffneys Creek is a former mining settlement situated between Jamieson and Woods Point in Victoria, Australia. It is located at the junction of Gaffney and Raspberry Creeks in a steep valley in mountainous terrain. It is situated in the Shire of Mansfield on the unsealed Mansfield - Woods Point Rd.

## History
### Gold

A prospector from the Big River area to the east, Terence "Red" Gaffney, was the first to actively search the area for gold, followed by John and William (Bill the Welshman) Jones who discovered rich alluvial gold at Raspberry Creek in 1859.
A string of small villages later appeared in the valley, and these were subsequently amalgamated and collectively named Lauraville by the Government Surveyor in honour of his wife, Laura. The Post Office (called Gaffneys Creek) opened on 1 January 1862 and closed in 1981. A Lauraville Office was open from 1902 until 1910.
The name "Lauraville" was changed to Gaffneys Creek in 1900.
Alluvial mining was later replaced by reef mining, but none of these mines were to achieve the success of the nearby A1 Mine Settlement and by the turn of the century the population had dwindled.

### 20th century

In 1980 the area of the original valley settlements was placed on the Register of the National Estate as a Conservation Area including early miners' cottages, a hall, stone retaining walls and a hotel which succumbed to a fire in 1993.
In 1993, two escaped prisoners, Archie Butterley and Peter Gibb from the Melbourne Remand Centre, and a prison guard who assisted them to escape, drove to Gaffney's Creek to hide out. They stayed at the Gaffney's Creek Hotel and on the morning of 12 March a fire started in their room which resulted in the hotel being completely destroyed.

### 21st century

In 2006 Gaffneys Creek was threatened by bushfires. About half of the residents of Gaffneys Creek stayed to defend their homes. However, not much of the town remains anymore except for a couple of houses which survived including two historic gold-era cottages. The town's community hall was destroyed and the whole area was burnt including A1 Mine Settlement and Ten Mile.

### Demographics

The population within the settlement has steadily declined over the years:
* 1865: 1000
* 1871: 502
* 1911: 274
* 1954: 91

### Notable residents

* William Adcock (1846–1831), journalist and politician
* Alfred Ainsworth (1827–1920), civil engineer and public servant
* Laurence Cohen (1874–1916), stonemason and trade unionist
* Sigismund Wekey (1825–1889), solicitor and postmaster
# V. Kashiho Sangtam

V. Kashiho Sangtam is an Indian Bharatiya Janata Party politician from Nagaland, hailing from New Monger village, Kiphire District. He has been elected in Nagaland Legislative Assembly election in 2018 from Seyochung–Sitimi constituency as candidate of Bharatiya Janata Party, he was Minister of Soil & Water conservation, geology and mining and chairman NSMDC in Fourth Neiphiu Rio ministry from 2018.
# Wrestling at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' freestyle 48 kg

The boys' freestyle 48 kg competition at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was held on 14 October, at the Asia Pavilion.

## Competition format

As there were less than six wrestlers in a weight category, the pool phase will be run as a single group competing in a round-robin format. Ranking within the groups is used to determine the pairings for the final phase.

## Schedule

All times are in local time (UTC-3).
| Date | Time | Round |
| Sunday, 14 October 2018 | 10:00 10:25 10:50 17:00 | Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Finals |

## Results
### Legend

* F — Won by fall
Group Stages
* Qualified for the Gold-medal match
* Qualified for the Bronze-medal match
* Qualified for the 5th/6th Place Match
Group A
| Pos | Athlete | Pld | W | L | CP | TP |
| 1 | Umidjon Jalolov (UZB) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 21 |
| 2 | Halil Gökdeniz (TUR) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 13 |
| 3 | Fernando Booysen (RSA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| | Score | | CP |
| Umidjon Jalolov (UZB) | 10–0 | Fernando Booysen (RSA) | 4–0 VSU |
| Halil Gökdeniz (TUR) | 3–11 | Umidjon Jalolov (UZB) | 1–3 VPO1 |
| Fernando Booysen (RSA) | 0–10 | Halil Gökdeniz (TUR) | 0–4 VSU |
Group B
| Pos | Athlete | Pld | W | L | CP | TP |
| 1 | Giorgi Gegelashvili (GEO) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 22 |
| 2 | Diego Zuluaga (COL) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 11 |
| 3 | Daiziel Detudamo (NRU) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| | Score | | CP |
| Diego Zuluaga (COL) | 1–12 | Giorgi Gegelashvili (GEO) | 1–4 VSU1 |
| Daiziel Detudamo (NRU) | 0–10 | Diego Zuluaga (COL) | 0–4 VSU |
| Giorgi Gegelashvili (GEO) | 10–0 | Daiziel Detudamo (NRU) | 4–0 VSU |

### Finals

| Gold-medal match | Gold-medal match |
| Umidjon Jalolov (UZB) | 8 |
| Giorgi Gegelashvili (GEO) | 2 |
| Bronze-medal match | Bronze-medal match |
| Halil Gökdeniz (TUR) | 4$^F$ |
| Diego Zuluaga (COL) | 0 |
| Classification 5th/6th place match | Classification 5th/6th place match |
| Fernando Booysen (RSA) | 10 |
| Daiziel Detudamo (NRU) | 0 |

## Final rankings

| Rank | Athlete |
| | Umidjon Jalolov (UZB) |
| | Giorgi Gegelashvili (GEO) |
| | Halil Gökdeniz (TUR) |
| 4 | Diego Zuluaga (COL) |
| 5 | Fernando Booysen (RSA) |
| 6 | Daiziel Detudamo (NRU) |
# Vello Lään

Vello Lään (9 June 1937 – 12 June 2022) was an Estonian sport journalist, writer and radio broadcaster.

## Career

In 1960 he graduated from University of Tartu.
1960–1975 he was an editor at the newspaper Põllumajanduse Akadeemia. 1975–1991 he was the head of Estonian Radio's Tartu studio. 1991–2000 he was principal director of Tartu Radio.
Awards:
* 1999: Kuldmikrofon ('Golden Microphone')
* 2001: Order of the White Star, V class.

## Publications

* "Korvpall". Eesti Korvpalliliit, 2002. ISBN 9985-78-830-3
* "38 suvise olümpiaala reeglid". Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus, 2004. ISBN 9985-70-161-5
* "Helsingist Helsingis – kergejõustiku maailmameistrivõistlused 1983-2005" [one of the authors]. Eesti Päevalehe Kirjastus, 2005. ISBN 9985-9565-8-3
* "Olümpiamängud. 15 talvise olümpiaala reeglid ja 18 muud talvist ala". Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus, 2006. ISBN 9985-70-220-4
# The Muddlers Club

The Muddlers Club is a restaurant in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It was awarded a Michelin star in the 2020 Michelin Guide Great Britain & Ireland.
Chef patron Gareth McCaughey (formerly of Ox) founded The Muddlers Club in 2015, naming it after a revolutionary secret society linked to the United Irishmen that met in the area in the 1790s. It is located in the Cathedral Quarter.

## Awards

* Michelin star: since 2020
# Turán–Kubilius inequality

The Turán–Kubilius inequality is a mathematical theorem in probabilistic number theory. It is useful for proving results about the normal order of an arithmetic function.$^{:305–308}$ The theorem was proved in a special case in 1934 by Pál Turán and generalized in 1956 and 1964 by Jonas Kubilius.$^{:316}$

## Statement of the theorem

This formulation is from Tenenbaum.$^{:302}$ Other formulations are in Narkiewicz$^{:243}$ and in Cojocaru & Murty.$^{:45–46}$
Suppose f is an additive complex-valued arithmetic function, and write p for an arbitrary prime and ν for an arbitrary positive integer. Write
    $A(x)=\sum _{p^{\nu }\leq x}f(p^{\nu })p^{-\nu }(1-p^{-1})$
and
    $B(x)^{2}=\sum _{p^{\nu }\leq x}\left|f(p^{\nu })\right|^{2}p^{-\nu }.$
Then there is a function ε(x) that goes to zero when x goes to infinity, and such that for x ≥ 2 we have
    ${\frac {1}{x}}\sum _{n\leq x}|f(n)-A(x)|^{2}\leq (2+\varepsilon (x))B(x)^{2}.$

## Applications of the theorem

Turán developed the inequality to create a simpler proof of the Hardy–Ramanujan theorem about the normal order of the number ω(n) of distinct prime divisors of an integer n.$^{:316}$ There is an exposition of Turán's proof in Hardy & Wright, §22.11. Tenenbaum$^{:305–308}$ gives a proof of the Hardy–Ramanujan theorem using the Turán–Kubilius inequality and states without proof several other applications.
# The Transfigured Christ

The Transfigured Christ is a 1513 oil-on-panel painting by Andrea Previtali, in the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan since 1811 It is signed and dated Al Nobel homo mr/Andrea dipintor in/Bergamo/MDXIII on a small book at bottom right.
It was one of the first works commissioned in Bergamo by Paolo and Giovannino Casotti, part of the Casotti de Mazzoleni, a merchant family made rich by the wool and silk trade. It was executed in 1513 as shown on the work itself - Francesco Tassi believed it was inscribed NOB.PAULUS, ET JO. FRATRES DE CASPOTTIS TRINO OBTULERUNT HAEC 1513. It is thought to have been for the family chapel in the church of Santa Maria Immacolata delle Grazie in Bergamo.Paolo and the rest of the family commissioned several other works from the artist, most notably the Casotti Madonna (1523).

## Iconography

The choice of subject was not casual, as it was produced in the year that Bergamo was besieged by French troops, supported by the Holy Roman Emperor, and only two years after Louis XII of France had called an assembly of prelates, threatening schism. The work therefore represented a return to the unifying values of faith. The painter was accompanied by a Franciscan theologian during the work's production.
The work nominally portrays the Transfiguration of Christ, though it omits the three apostles traditional to paintings of that event and relegates the figures of Moses and Elijah to the distance. All three persons of the Holy Trinity are represented, with the Holy Spirit as a white dove and the Father as white light, a cloud and words on scrolls above and beside the Son, a representation of the Trinity very different to that Previtali later produced for the church of Almenno San Salvatore. The scrolls are very narrow, probably due to the space where the work was to be hung - the church stipulated that it could not cover the existing frescoes of The Life of St Francis by Jacopino Scipioni.
The tree behind Christ casts a shadow, intimating his Passion and Resurrection. In the left and right background is a naturalistic landscape and the River Jordan, referring to Christ's baptism, another event marked by the presence of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
# Winfield Scott (ship)

Ships named Winfield Scott have been:
* SS Winfield Scott, a sidewheel steamer that transported passengers and cargo between San Francisco, California, and Panama in the early 1850s.
* MG Winfield Scott (LT-805), a U.S. Army tugboat.
* SS Winfield Scott (1941), a Liberty ship.
# Vincenzo Pagani

Vincenzo Pagani (c. 1490–1568) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period.

## Biography

Vincenzo was born at Monterubbiano, near Fermo in the region of March to a father who served as a magistrate, but also had an affinity for painting. He appears to have apprenticed in his father's workshop, being influenced by Carlo Crivelli (as shown by canvasses at Ortezzano, from c. 1510). Later he followed the path of Luca Signorelli, as exemplified by a canvas at Corridonia from c. 1517. He is said to have moved to Rome, and worked in the studio of Raphael, but like many other artists fled Rome after 1521, that is after the papacy of Leo X. In Rome, he was described as a colleague of Morale da Fermo.
After leaving Rome, he traveled to Rieti where he painted a Final Judgement fresco in the chapter hall of the Dominican Monastery. He also painted altarpieces depicting an Enthroned Madonna (1517) for the Frati Minori at Monte dell'Olmo; a main altarpiece for the church or Sant'Angelo in Ripantranzone, and a Santa Lucia (1528) for the church of San Francesco in Sarnano.
In the 1520s he was influenced by the Venetian painting school, which he had known from Antonio Solario, then at Fermo, and Lorenzo Lotto, who was working at Recanati. From this period are the Madonna with Four Saints (church at Moresco) and the altarpieces of San Ginesio (1533–1538), and Sant'Agostino, Ascoli Piceno.
Pagani's last recognized work is the Pala Oddi for the church of St. Francis in Perugia (1553).
# V. Kasturi Rangan

V. Kasturi Rangan is an American economist currently the Malcolm P. McNair Professor of Marketing at Harvard Business School.
# Wrestling at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' Greco-Roman 92 kg

The Boys' Greco-Roman 92 kg competition at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics was held on 12 October, at the Asia Pavilion.

## Competition format

As there were less than six wrestlers in a weight category, the pool phase will be run as a single group competing in a round robin format. Ranking within the groups is used to determine the pairings for the final phase.

## Schedule

All times are in local time (UTC-3).
| Date | Time | Round |
| Friday, 12 October 2018 | 10:15 10:40 11:05 18:05 | Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Finals |

## Results
### Legend

* F — Won by fall
Group stages
* Qualified for the Gold Medal Match
* Qualified for the Bronze Medal Match
* Qualified for the 5th/6th Place Match
Group A
| Pos | Athlete | Pld | W | L | CP | TP |
| 1 | Osman Ayaydın (TUR) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 6 |
| 2 | Shady Wehib (EGY) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 9 |
| 3 | Ariston Bartley (ASA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| | Score | | CP |
| Osman Ayaydın (TUR) | 4–0 Fall | Ariston Bartley (ASA) | 5–0 VFA |
| Shady Wehib (EGY) | 1–2 | Osman Ayaydın (TUR) | 1–3 VPO1 |
| Ariston Bartley (ASA) | 0–8 | Shady Wehib (EGY) | 0–4 VSU |
Group B
| Pos | Athlete | Pld | W | L | CP | TP |
| 1 | Mohammad Nosrati (IRI) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 6 |
| 2 | Mukhammad Evloev (RUS) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 9 |
| 3 | Igor Queiroz (BRA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| | Score | | CP |
| Mohammad Nosrati (IRI) | 5–0 | Igor Queiroz (BRA) | 3–0 VPO |
| Mukhammad Evloev (RUS) | 3–5 | Mohammad Nosrati (IRI) | 1–3 VPO1 |
| Igor Queiroz (BRA) | 0–7 | Mukhammad Evloev (RUS) | 0–3 VPO |

### Finals

| Gold medal match | Gold medal match |
| Osman Ayaydın (TUR) | 1 |
| Mohammad Nosrati (IRI) | 3 |
| Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| Shady Wehib (EGY) | 2 |
| Mukhammad Evloev (RUS) | 11 |
| Classification 5th/6th place match | Classification 5th/6th place match |
| Ariston Bartley (ASA) | 0 |
| Igor Queiroz (BRA) | 10 |
* Classification 5th/6th Place Match: Ariston Bartley vs. Igor Queiroz (on top)
* Bronze Medal Match: Shady Wehib (left) vs. Mukhammad Evloev
* Gold Medal Match: Osman Ayaydın (in front) vs. Mohammad Nosrati

## Final rankings

| Rank | Athlete |
| | Mohammad Nosrati (IRI) |
| | Osman Ayaydın (TUR) |
| | Mukhammad Evloev (RUS) |
| 4 | Shady Wehib (EGY) |
| 5 | Igor Queiroz (BRA) |
| 6 | Ariston Bartley (ASA) |
* Victory ceremony (from left to right): Osman Ayaydın (Silver), Mohammad Nosrati (Gold), Mukhammad Evloev (Bronze)
# Portets station

Portets station (French: Gare de Portets) is a French railway station located in the commune of Portets, Gironde department in the southwestern Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of the country. Established at an elevation of 14 meters, the station is located at kilometric point (KP) 20.275 on the Bordeaux–Sète railway, between the stations of Beautiran and Arbanats.
As of 2023, the station is owned and operated by the SNCF and served by TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine trains.

## History

The station was put into service on 31 May 1855 by the Compagnie des chemins de fer du Midi et du Canal latéral à la Garonne (CF du Midi), alongside the opening of a section of railway between Bordeaux and Langon on the Bordeaux–Sète railway.
In 2019, the SNCF estimated that 121,322 passengers traveled through the station, compared with 101,476 in 2018 and 91,047 in 2017.

## Services
### Passenger services

Classified as a PANG (point d'accès non géré), the station is unstaffed and equipped with automatic ticket dispensers.

### Train services

As of 2022, the station is served by the following services:
* Local services (TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine 43.2U) Bordeaux ↔ Langon

### Intermodality

The station has onsite bike racks, while car parking is located within a close proximity.

## Image gallery

* Train tracks looking towards Bordeaux.
* Train tracks looking towards Agen.
* The former passenger building in Portets.
# The Sky Over My Spectacles

The Sky Over My Spectacles (眼鏡越しの空は…, Meganegoshi no Sora wa...) is a manga written and illustrated by Mio Tennohji. The manga was published in Japan by Libre Publishing. It is licensed in North America by 801 Media, as one of 801 Media's earliest titles.

## Reception

Holly Ellingwood characterises the manga as being more explicit than previous yaoi manga releases, but feels that there is enough character development to carry the story and render it romantic. Hannah Santiago, writing for the appendix to Manga: The Complete Guide, felt that the romance was realistically developed and appreciated the equality in their relationship. June Shimonshi, writing for Library Journal describes the manga as "formulaic" and as being solely driven by sex, finding the word balloons and panels difficult to follow. Shimonshi recommends Love Mode and the Finder series for those looking for explicit yaoi instead of this manga.
# William of Pontoise

William of Pontoise was a Benedictine hermit. He lived at Pontoise, France.
# Margaret Wood (courtier)

Margaret Wood was a Scottish Catholic courtier.

## Family background

She was a daughter of Patrick Wood, Laird of Bonnyton and Nicholas or Nicola Wardlaw, Lady Bonnyton, who was a daughter of Henry Wardlaw of Torrie and a former lady in waiting to Mary, Queen of Scots. She was sometimes known as "Madame Torrie".
Her mother, Nicholas Wardlaw, came to the christening of Patrick Young, at St Vigeans Church in August 1584, and asked Peter Young that the child be named Patrick. In 1604, Peter Young baptised a daughter, Nicholas, named after Lady Bonnyton who was the godmother.
The Catholic author George Conn described Margaret Wood as the sister of James Wood, the younger laird of Boniton or Bonnington (Bonnyton) near Montrose in Maryton parish, and wife of James (or William) Gray, tutor of the House of Schivas. She had been brought up among the maidens of the household of Anne of Denmark. She joined a nunnery at Carpentras. Her sister Magdalen Wood married George Leslie of Kincraigie.

## At court

Anne of Denmark bought clothes for some of the ladies in waiting and servants in Scotland, including a warm woollen gown of black cloth and plaiding for "Magie", possibly to be identified as Margaret Wood. The gowns were made in 1593 for the "maidens" or "damsels" who served in the queen's chamber.
In 1598 she organised the baptism of the child of a woman in Ellon parish, Elizabeth Burn from the Yett of Birness. Wood told her to take the baby to "the burn next to Barrowley" near Buffel Hill, where a man dressed in black plaid performed the ceremony.
Her brother, James Wood, returned to Scotland from France in April 1599 travelling with the English poet Henry Constable. The English diplomat George Nicholson noted that he was a Catholic and had a disagreement with his father. James Wood was arrested at Mass in Edinburgh. Margaret Wood also attended the Mass at Andrew Napier's house, and was described as a servant of Henrietta Stewart, Marchioness of Huntly, rather than Anne of Denmark. The Privy Council ordered the Marchioness to dismiss Margaret and a companion named Barclay.
James Wood had broken into their father's house, Bonnyton Castle, during as family dispute involving the lands of Birness in Aberdeenshire, which he given to Barbara Gray (a kinswoman of Margaret Wood's husband). He was carrying letters from Anne of Denmark to the Pope. James Wood was found guilty of theft and rebellion and executed on 27 April 1601.