OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William B. Allgood

William Barnett Allgood (April 5, 1868 – July 18, 1933) was a government official in Alabama, serving as the State Auditor of Alabama from 1923 to 1927 and Alabama State Treasurer from 1927 to 1932.

## Early life

William Barnett Allgood was born on April 5, 1868, in the town of Allgood (then named Chepultepec) in Blount County, Alabama. His father was Dr. William Allgood and his mother was Mary Matilda (Ingram) Allgood. One of his brothers was Miles Clayton Allgood, who also served in the state government of Alabama and was a U.S. Representative.
Allgood attended public schools in Chepultepec and attended the Enterprise Academy.

## Career

Allgood was a teacher for one year at Enterprise Academy and for one year at Arkadelphia. From 1901 to 1906, Allgood worked in the dairy industry and in truck farming. From 1907 to 1912, Allgood was the chief clerk of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad at Birmingham, Alabama. From 1913 to 1914, Allgood was the fire inspector for Birmingham, Alabama. From 1915 to 1919, Allgood was the chief clerk in the state auditor's office.
He then held state offices, serving as the chief clerk for the Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries from 1ol919 to 1922. In 1923, Allgood was elected State Auditor of Alabama and served in that position until 1927, when he was elected as Alabama State Treasurer. His term as State Treasurer ended in 1931.
Allgood was a Democrat.

## Personal life

In 1901, Allgood married Arminta F. They had multiple children.
Allgood was a Methodist and a Knight of Pythias.

## Death

Allgood died on July 18, 1933. He was 65 years old.
# Yonglong

Yonglong may refer to:

## Locations

* Yonglong Shoal, or Yonglongsha (Chinese: 永隆沙), former island in Yangtze River above Chongming Island in China
* Yonglong (永漋镇), a town in Jingshan County, Jingmen, Hubei, China

## Historical eras

* Yonglong (永隆, 618–628), era name used by Liang Shidu
* Yonglong (永隆, 680–681), era name used by Emperor Gaozong of Tang
* Yonglong (永隆, 939–943), era name used by Wang Yanxi, emperor of Min
# Batteries in space

Batteries are used on spacecraft as a means of power storage. Primary batteries contain all their usable energy when assembled and can only be discharged. Secondary batteries can be recharged from some other energy source, such as solar panels or radioisotope-based power (RTG), and can deliver power during periods when the space vehicle is out of direct sunlight. Batteries generate electrical current from a chemical reaction.
Batteries for spacecraft must be sealed to operate in a vacuum. They must withstand the acceleration of launch, and vibration while attaining orbit. They must be able to operate over a wide temperature range, and must not emit gases that would corrode the space vehicle, disturb its trajectory, or contaminate instruments or life support systems. Batteries for vehicles orbiting the Earth must also resist the high ionizing radiation level above the shield of the Earth's atmosphere. Artificial satellites, such as communication satellites, require battery systems that can withstand thousands of charge and discharge cycles over the satellite's intended life.
Primary batteries are used for relatively short-duration tasks. Early satellites had design lives of only a few weeks or months, and could carry enough primary batteries to provide the required service life. Longer-duration tasks require a rechargeable system, where solar cells or a radioisotope generator can provide energy to recharge the battery. A satellite near the Earth will be shadowed for half of each orbit, and so requires batteries to maintain operation. Even satellites in a geosynchronous orbit experience regular "eclipse periods" of varying duration. Vehicles such as the Apollo spacecraft and the Space Shuttle required more power than could be supplied by batteries or solar panels, and so relied on hydrogen fuel cells to provide several kilowatts of power for hundreds of hours.
A reserve battery is a primary battery that keeps its chemical reactants separated until needed. This improves the standby life of the battery, since side reactions cannot occur if the electrolyte and electrodes are separated. In another form, the electrolyte is heated to become conductive during operation. Such batteries may have short service lives, but are very reliable after extended storage. They are used in missiles that have long standby time, or in space probes that require power during landing on a planet.
Betavoltaic devices are also increasingly used to power microelectronic applications in space, including NASA efforts to conduct ground-based observations of the lunar south pole with autonomous sensors powered by NanoTritium batteries.
The table below lists common battery types used in space.
Types :
| Battery type | Formula | Specific energy (W*hr)/kg |
| Hydrogen Fuel Cell | H | 275 |
| Lithium–sulfur dioxide | LiSO2 | 200 |
| Lithium–thionyl chloride | LiSOCl2 | 200 |
| Lithium-bromine in thionyl chloride | Li-BCX | |
| Lithum-Iron disulfide | LiFeS2 | |
| Nickel–cadmium | NiCd | 30 |
| Nickel–hydrogen | NiH2 | 60 |
| Sodium-sulfur | Na-S | |
| Silver-cadmium | Ag-Cd | |
| Silver–zinc | AgZn | 100 |
| Zinc-mercury oxide | Zn-HgO | |
# Kangni

Kangni is both a Togolese masculine given name and surname. Notable people with the name include:

## Given name

* Kangni Alem (born 1966), Togolese writer, translator and literary critic
* Kangni Frederic Ananou (born 1997), German footballer

## Surname

* Roger Kangni (1944–2021), Togolese middle-distance runner
* Sandrine Thiébaud-Kangni (born 1976), French-Togolese sprinter
# Embassy of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in Germany

The Embassy of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in Germany is the diplomatic mission of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in Germany. The mission is based in Lüdgeweg 1 in Berlin-Charlottenburg. The embassy was opened in October 2001, Ambassador is Augustin Freiherr d’Aboville.
# Stevenson College, Edinburgh

Stevenson College Edinburgh, was a further education college in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded in 1970, and was named after famous Scottish engineer, Robert Stevenson. In 2012 it merged with Telford College and Jewel & Esk College to form part of the newly established Edinburgh College.
The college had five faculties offering a wide range of subjects:
* Access & Continuing Education
* Business, Administration & Languages
* Creative Arts
* Early Education, Health & Social Care
* Science, Sport & Engineering
The college welcomed approximately 17,000 students each year, of which approx. 1000 were from overseas.
International Students
Stevenson College Edinburgh catered to the needs of a wide range of international students from all over the world. Students could study English Language, university foundation courses as well as higher education programmes. The main intakes were in August and January every year. A summer school took place every summer through the months of June, July and August. As well as individual international students, the college could provide bespoke training to groups from overseas, including professional training in a huge range of subjects.
# Sky Media

Sky Media may refer to:
* Sky Media, the advertising arms of Sky UK and Sky Ireland
* A former name of Sky (New Zealand)
* Sky Media Group, an Estonian radio station network
# R207 road (Ireland)

The R207 road is a regional road in Ireland linking the N16 national primary road near the Northern Ireland border to the R280 10 km north of Carrick-on-Shannon in County Leitrim.
En route it passes through Dowra, follows the eastern shore of Lough Allen for 15 km to Drumshanbo. It terminates 3 km north of Leitrim village. The road is 35 km (22 mi) long and the entire route is in County Leitrim.
# William Bogart

William Bogart may refer to:
* William Henry Bogart (1810–1888), American politician and historian
* William G. Bogart (1903–1977), American writer
* William Bogart (1936–2005), stage name of Italian actor Guglielmo Spoletini who appeared in westerns (Death Knows No Time)
# Yonglongsha

Yonglongsha, sometimes translated as the Yonglong Shoal or Yonglong Sands, was a former island in the north channel of the Yangtze River to the north of Chongming in eastern China. It was also known as Yongfengsha and Hefengsha. Prior to its absorption by Chongming, it measured about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) east to west but was very narrow, with an area of about 14 km$^2$ (5.4 sq mi).

## History

Yonglongsha first appeared in the 42nd year of Kangxi (1703) but was impermanent. It emerged most recently in 1937. Eroding on the south and east while growing to the north and west, it migrated from the center of the Yangtze's northern channel towards Chongming. Its shores were stabilized and expanded by workers from Haimen and Qidong, two county-level cities of Nantong in Jiangsu, in the late 1960s. The reclaimed areas were administered at first as farmsteads. By 1968, there were 1,800 hectares (18 km$^2$ or 6.9 sq mi) under cultivation, growing corn and fava beans. Another 3000 workers sent by Haimen over the next year reclaimed another 2 square kilometers (0.77 sq mi) by 1970. The same year, 200 households became the island's first permanent inhabitants. Qidong's area of the island began to merge with Chongming in 1972, followed by Haimen's three years later. Now its former area continues to be administered as Jiangsu's pene-enclave townships of Haiyong and Qilong rather than as part of Shanghai's Chongming County. Areas of the former channel between the two islands form the North Heng Irrigation Canal (t 北橫引河, s 北横引河, p Běi Héng Yǐnhé), a stretch of the canal which runs in a partial ring around Chongming Island.
A separate area of present-day Qilong derives from its absorption of a second shoal, Xinglongsha (t 興隆沙, s 兴隆沙, p Xīnglóngshā), which likewise formed in the middle of the Yangtze's channel and then migrated over time towards Chongming.

## Infrastructure

During its existence, the island had ferry service to Haimen's Lingdian Harbor (t 靈甸港, s 灵甸港, p Língdiāngǎng) and Qidong's Sanhe Harbor (三和港, Sānhégǎng). Its communities are now connected to Chongming's highway and ferry network, including the Chongqi Bridge to Qidong.
# Judge Leighton

Judge Leighton may refer to:
* George N. Leighton (1912–2018), judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois
* Ronald B. Leighton (born 1951), judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington
# North Irving Transit Center

North Irving Transit Center is a bus-only station located along Northwest Highway (Spur 348) in the Las Colinas neighborhood of Irving, Texas (USA). The transit center is a ten-minute walk from DART's Irving Convention Center light rail station, with a pedestrian walkway under Northwest Highway connecting the two.
Following the 2022 redesign of DART's bus network, North Irving Transit Center does not receive bus service. The station currently serves as a park-and-ride lot for Irving Convention Center station.

## History

The first DART facility in Las Colinas, referred to as North Irving Park & Ride, was opened on September 16, 1985. The facility, located at the intersection of O'Connor Boulevard and Carpenter Highway, was one of the first to be built by DART following its expansion into the suburbs.
In 1988, following a groundbreaking ceremony for South Irving Transit Center, DART announced possible locations for a similar indoor facility in North Irving. The agency purchased a 12-acre parcel for the facility in 1991; North Irving Transit Center opened two years later on June 7, 1993. In 1995, DART installed a windmill sculpture and a plaque dedicated to local disability advocate Cathy Thomas.

### Closure and re-opening

On July 30, 2012, the first phase of DART's Orange Line, which consisted of three stations, opened. As part of the project, DART opted to move the region's primary transfer point to the new Las Colinas Urban Center station, leaving North Irving Transit Center with no routes. However, DART was unable to build parking at any of the new stations, necessitating that the transit center's park-and-ride lot remain to service the new line.
On December 3, 2012, alongside the Orange Line's second phase, the transit center was reopened. To improve transfer opportunities, six routes were redirected from Las Colinas Urban Center to Irving Convention Center and/or North Irving Transit Center.

### Second closure

The transit center remained open until January 24, 2022, when the bus network was substantially redesigned. The new network's consolidation of existing routes and expansion of on-demand service zones (branded as GoLink) substantially reduced the number of routes in the area from five to one. The remaining route (227) services Irving Convention Center directly, again leaving North Irving Transit Center with no routes.
# Steven E. Sodergren

Steven E. Sodergren is a historian and University Professor employed by Norwich University. His book The Army of the Potomac in the Overland & Petersburg Campaigns was the recipient of the 2018 Colby Award.
# Sivagurunathan Tamil Library

Sivagurunathan Tamil Library, a private library, is located at Kumbakonam in Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu. It has more than 25,000 books.

## History

The foundation stone for this library was laid on 21 May 1958 by Prof. Dr.A.Chidambaranathan Chettiar and was declared open by P. T. Rajan on 9 January 1959. Celebration on its collection of 10,000 and 12th anniversary was held on 23 May 1971. Its golden jubilee was held in February 2010.

## Collections

The first catalogue of the library has 5,000 books on 44 subjects including Puranas, Shastra, Religion, Music, History, Sangam literature, Tirumurai, Translation, Mathematics, Iconography, Epigraphy, Autobiography, Tamil language, literature, grammar, linguistics, Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Mahabharata. It has also annexures.
The second catalogue of the library has the list containing 5,000 books on Politics, Science, Agriculture, Islam, Christianity, Drama and Novel.

## Available facilities

Two catalogues on Miscellaneous books, two catalogues on newspapers and magazines and one catalogue about English books are found. Information pertaining to the year of the work is found in the catalogue. The readers who opt to come and visit the library can get two books at a time. Necessary facilities are available for reading and taking notes. The library functions, except Thursdays, from 9.00 a.m. to 12.00 noon and from 4.00 p.m. to 8.00 p.m.
# Texas puppy mill bill

The Texas puppy mill bill, formally House Bill 1451: The Large-Scale Commercial Dog and Cat Breeder Bill, is a Texas state law that sets guidelines for the welfare of animals with large-scale commercial breeders. It was passed by the Texas state legislature in 2011 and took effect on September 1, 2012.
The law specifies parameters such as feed, space, shelter, ventilation and medical care. Although popularly known as the "puppy mill bill", it addresses all large-scale animal breeders, defined in the law as breeders who keep 11 or more breeding females or sell 20 or more offspring in a year. It does not regulate hobby breeders. It is administered by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation, who issued rules regarding the administration of the program.
The bill was written by Democratic state representative Senfronia Thompson. It was passed on June 17, 2011, and took effect on September 1, 2012. A motion was filed in Austin's federal district court by three breeders and the Responsible Pet Owners Alliance (RPOA), which represents 305 American Kennel Club groups in Texas, seeking to have the bill struck down as unconstitutional. An amicus curiae was presented by the Texas Humane Legislation Network with support from the Humane Society of the United States, urging the court to uphold the bill. The bill was defended by the office of the Texas Attorney General. On January 31, 2013, federal district judge James R. Nowlin denied the motion and upheld the constitutional validity of the bill.
Alicia Graef, writing for Care2, described the ruling as a triumph for puppies over angry breeders. Opponents of the bill, such as members of RPOA, argued that the law would not alleviate the sufferings of badly treated animals but would create a "dog Gestapo".
# Queen Peak

Queen Peak is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located 30 km (19 mi) north of Gold River and 3 km (2 mi) east of Victoria Peak.
# William Gregor

William Gregor (25 December 1761 – 11 June 1817) was a British clergyman and mineralogist who discovered the elemental metal Titanium.

## Early years

He was born at the Trewarthenick Estate in Cornwall, the son of Francis Gregor and Mary Copley and the brother of Francis Gregor, MP for Cornwall. He was educated at Bristol Grammar School, where he became interested in chemistry, then after two years with a private tutor entered St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1784 and MA in 1787. He was ordained in the Church of England. He became vicar of St Mary's Church Diptford near Totnes, Devon. He married Charlotte Anne Gwatkin in 1790 and they had one daughter, Charlotte-Anne Gregor.

## Discovery of titanium

After a brief interval at Bratton Clovelly, in 1793 William and his family moved permanently to the rectory of Creed in Cornwall. Here he continued his remarkably accurate chemical analysis of minerals, most of which came from Cornwall, such as the zeolites found in gabbro on The Lizard. He also analysed wavellite, tourmaline, and the uranium minerals torbernite and autunite, the arsenate scorodite, the lead mineral mimetite and the nickel mineral niccolite, and others. But he is best known for one of his earliest discoveries: in 1791, while analysing the minerals in a black sand he had discovered in the Manaccan valley, he isolated the calx of an unknown metal which he named manaccanite. Later in 1791, Martin Heinrich Klaproth discovered what is now known as the transition metal, titanium in the mineral rutile. Believing this to be a new discovery, Klaproth named it titanium after the Titans of Greek Mythology, but eventually it was clarified that Gregor made the discovery first. Gregor was credited with the discovery, but the element kept the name chosen by Klaproth. Gregor later found titanium in corundum from Tibet, and in a tourmaline from a local tin mine.

## Death and legacy

Gregor was made an honorary member of the Geological Society of London on its inception in 1807, and was a founding member of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall in 1814. His friends and correspondents included John Hawkins, Philip Rashleigh and John Ayrton Paris. Never letting his scientific work interfere with his pastoral duties, he was also a distinguished landscape painter, etcher and musician. He died of tuberculosis on 11 June 1817 and was buried at nearby Cornelly church.
# List of twin towns and sister cities in New Zealand

This is a list of territorial authorities in New Zealand which have standing links to local communities in other countries. In most cases, the association, especially when formalised by local government, is known as "town twinning" (usually in Europe) or "sister cities" (usually in the rest of the world).

## A

Ashburton
* Ashburton, England, United Kingdom
* Minamiuonuma, Japan
* Pulaski, United States
* Puyang, China
Auckland
* Brisbane, Australia
* Busan, South Korea
* Fukuoka, Japan
* Guangzhou, China
* Kakogawa, Japan
* Los Angeles, United States
* Taichung, Taiwan
* Utsunomiya, Japan

## C

Christchurch
* Adelaide, Australia
* Christchurch, England, United Kingdom
* Kurashiki, Japan
* Seattle, United States
* Songpa (Seoul), South Korea
* Wuhan, China

## D

Dunedin
* Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
* Otaru, Japan
* Portsmouth, United States
* Shanghai, China

## G

Gisborne
* Mahina, French Polynesia
* Nonoichi, Japan
* Palm Desert, United States
* Rizhao, China
Gore
* Tamworth, Australia

## H

Hamilton
* Chengdu, China
* Sacramento, United States
* Saitama, Japan
* Wuxi, China
Hastings
* Guilin, China
Hutt
* Minoh, Japan
* Taizhou, China
* Tempe, United States

## I

Invercargill
* Kumagaya, Japan
* Suqian, China

## M

Marlborough
* Ningxia, China
* Otari, Japan
* Tendō, Japan
Masterton
* Changchun, China
* Hatsukaichi, Japan

## N

Napier
* Lianyungang, China
* Tomakomai, Japan
* Victoria, Canada
Nelson
* Eureka, United States
* Huangshi, China
* Miyazu, Japan
* Yangjiang, China
New Plymouth
* Kunming, China
* Mishima, Japan

## P

Palmerston North
* Guiyang, China
* Missoula, United States
Porirua
* Blacktown, Australia
* Nishio, Japan
* Whitby, England, United Kingdom

## Q

Queenstown-Lakes
* Aspen, United States

## R

Rotorua Lakes
* Beppu, Japan
* Klamath Falls, United States
* Lake Macquarie, Australia
* Wuzhong (Suzhou), China

## S

Selwyn
* Akitakata, Japan
* Coventry, United States
* Shandan, China
South Taranaki
* Harbin, China

## T

Taupō
* Hakone, Japan
* Nouméa, New Caledonia
* Suzhou, China
Tauranga
* Hitachi, Japan
* San Bernardino, United States
* Yantai, China
Timaru
* Eniwa, Japan
* Orange, Australia
* Orange, United States
* Weihai, China

## U

Upper Hutt
* Mesa, United States

## W

Waimakariri
* Enshi City, China
* Zonnebeke, Belgium
Waipa – Cambridge
* Bihoro, Japan
* Le Quesnoy, France
Wellington
* Beijing, China
* Canberra, Australia
* Çanakkale, Turkey
* Chania, Greece
* Harrogate, England, United Kingdom
* Sakai, Japan
* Sydney, Australia
* Xiamen, China
Whakatāne
* Kamagaya, Japan
Whanganui
* Nagaizumi, Japan
* Toowoomba, Australia
Whangarei
* Haikou, China
# Stewart Walker (disambiguation)

Stewart Walker is a music producer.
Stewart Walker may also refer to:
* A. Stewart Walker, architect
* Stewart–Walker lemma
# Tyrrellspass GAA

Tyrrellspass GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in the town of Tyrrellspass in County Westmeath, Ireland.

## History

The team was founded in 1961 and participates in both men's and women's leagues.
The team won the Westmeath Senior Football Championship in 1999, 2006 and defended their title in 2007. In the 2007 Leinster Club Football Championship they progressed as far as the final, where they were beaten by the eventual All Ireland Club champions St. Vincents of Dublin.
In 2016 & 2017, Tyrrellspass lost the county final to St. Loman's.

## Senior honours in Westmeath

* Westmeath Senior Football Championship (3) 1999, 2006, 2007

## Notable players

* Ger Egan, 2022 Tailteann Cup winner
* David Glennon, 2004 Leinster SFC winner
* Denis Glennon, 2004 Leinster SFC winner
* Jamie Gonoud, 2022 Tailteann Cup winner
* Nigel Harte
# Valentina Radinska

Valentina Dimitrova Radinska (Bulgarian: Валентина Димитрова Радинска) (born 1951 in Slivеn) is a Bulgarian poet.

## Life

She studied at the Sofia University, and graduated from the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute with an MA. She was an editor at Bulgarian Cinematography. She teaches at Sofia University.
She was married to theater director Krikor Azaryan.

## Works

* "All Soul's Day"
* "Gently"
* Kum men vurvi chovek (A man walks toward me), 1977
* Noshtna Kniga (Night book), 1983
* Ne: Stikhotvoreniia, Kni-vo " Georgi Bakalov", 1988
* Chistilishte (Purgatory), Izdatelska kushta "Niagolova", 1992, ISBN 978-954-8160-04-9
* Vsichko: Stikhotvoreniia (Everything), Izdatelska kushta "Ivan Vazov", 1995, ISBN 978-954-604-022-0
* Dimcho Debelianov i Povelitelia na vultsite, Iadatelska kushta "P.K. IAvorov", 1997, ISBN 978-954-525-053-8

### Anthologies

* Walter M. Cummins, ed. (1993). Shifting borders: East European poetries of the eighties. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ISBN 978-0-8386-3497-4.