OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prolita barnesiella

Prolita barnesiella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by August Busck in 1903. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Wyoming and Utah.
The wingspan is 22–27 mm. The forewings are brown, of a somewhat variable shade in different specimens, from a reddish or deep purple brown to a lighter ashy or yellowish brown. At the base of the costa is a dark blackish spot, sometimes continued into an obscure oblique streak across the wing. On the middle of the disc is a short oblique blackish streak, and just below this another similar but fainter streak, together forming an arrowhead pointing toward the tip of the wing. At the end of the disc is a short blackish streak edged with light scales. A little before the apical third is a large, dark, ill-defined costal spot and on the opposite on the dorsal edge is another similar spot. There is a series of blackish spots around the apical edge, with the intervening spaces rather lighter than the general colour of the wing. The hindwings are light silvery fuscous.
# Protolamna

Protolamna is an extinct genus of mackerel shark from the Cretaceous Period. The genus is known from Europe, Asia and North America.

## Species

Seven species are currently attributed to this genus, including the following:
* P. borodini (Maastrichtian, New Jersey)
* P. carteri (Cenomanian, Texas)
* P. compressidens (Turonian-Coniacian, Belgium, France, Texas)
* P. gigantea (Cenomanian, Minnesota)
* P. ricaurtei (Barremian-Aptian Paja Formation, Colombia)
* P. roanokeensis (Albian, Texas)
* P. sokolovi (Aptian-Albian, Russia)
# Umran, Raebareli

Umran, also spelled Umaran, is a village in Rohaniya block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 44 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 4,786 people, in 918 households. It has one primary school and one primary health sub centre. It hosts a haat on Mondays and Fridays.
The 1961 census recorded Umran as comprising 10 hamlets, with a total population of 1,665 people (838 male and 827 female), in 396 households and 394 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,609 acres and it had electricity at that point.
The 1981 census recorded Umran (as "Umaran") as having a population of 2,513 people, in 661 households, and having an area of 651.14 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.
# Proterocosma

Proterocosma is a genus of moths in the family Agonoxenidae. It was formerly included in the Cosmopterigidae.

## Species

* Proterocosma dualis Diakonoff, 1954
* Proterocosma epizona Meyrick, 1886
* Proterocosma marginata Diakonoff, 1954
* Proterocosma ochronota Meyrick, 1886
* Proterocosma triplanetis Meyrick, 1886
# Proterocosma marginata

Proterocosma marginata is a moth of the family Agonoxenidae. It was described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1954. It is found in New Guinea.
# Union, Louisiana

Union is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in St. James Parish, Louisiana, United States. The community is located along Louisiana Highway 44 on the east bank of the Mississippi River.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the community has an area of 10.634 square miles (27.54 km$^2$); 9.506 square miles (24.62 km$^2$) of its area is land, and 1.128 square miles (2.92 km$^2$) is water.

## Demographics

It first appeared in the 2010 census with a population of 892.
Union CDP, Louisiana – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 175 | 153 | 19.62% | 20.82% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 715 | 565 | 80.16% | 76.87% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 0 | 14 | 0.00% | 1.90% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2 | 3 | 0.22% | 0.41% |
| Total | 892 | 735 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
# Pržine, Bosansko Grahovo

Pržine (Serbian Cyrillic: Пржине) is a village in the municipality of Bosansko Grahovo, Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 58, all Serbs.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Ethnicity/National Affiliation, Religion and Mother Tongue 2019, pp. 502–503.
# Union for Relief

The Union for Relief (Union pour la Relève (UPR)) is a political party of Benin. In the parliamentary election held on 31 March 2007, the party won three out of 83 seats.
# Moukouan

Moukouan is a town in the Thyou Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It has a population of 1,216.
# Plaza de César Chávez

The Plaza de César Chávez is an urban plaza and park in Downtown San Jose, California. The plaza's origins date to 1797 as the plaza mayor of the Spanish Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe, making it the oldest public space in Northern California. The plaza was rededicated after Californian civil rights activist César Chávez in 1993.
The Plaza de César Chávez is one of San Jose's primary civic spaces and the historic center of Downtown San Jose. It is bounded by numerous San Jose institutions and landmarks, including The Tech Museum of Innovation, the San Jose Museum of Art, City National Civic, San Jose State University, and Circle of Palms Plaza. The plaza hosts numerous notable events, including the San Jose Jazz Festival, Music in the Park and Christmas in the Park.

## History

The Plaza was established when San Jose moved from its original location on the bank of the Guadalupe River to the current downtown location in 1797 and has been in use ever since, making it the oldest public open space in California.
The present-day park was the site of California's capitol from 1849 to 1851, a period during which the California Republic gained American statehood; hence, the site contained California's first state capitol. From 1889 to 1958, San Jose's city hall occupied the center of the park before the local government moved it northward to North First and Mission Streets. Today, San José City Hall is located nearby on Santa Clara Street.
The Fairmont San Jose's main tower was built in 1997, while its annex tower was completed in 2002.

## Culture

At different times of the year it hosts live music, cultural festivals, arts and crafts fairs, food shows, the official city Christmas tree, water fountains, and open-air theater.
The Music in the Park concert series has been held in the park since 1988, except during the 2020 pandemic and in 2011 and 2012, when security issues forced the organizer of the formerly free series to take a break and return as a ticketed event.
The San Jose Jazz Summer Fest has its main stage in the park.
Since 2015, Silicon Valley Pride has been held in the vicinity of the plaza, which had hosted the event in the 1980s as well.
Every winter from Thanksgiving until New Year's it hosts the Christmas in the Park.
At the south end of the plaza is the statue of Quetzalcóatl by Robert Graham.

## Gallery

* The southern end of the plaza
* 1980 Silicon Valley Pride
# True and false (commands)

In Unix-like operating systems, true and false are commands whose only function is to always return with a predetermined exit status. Programmers and scripts often use the exit status of a command to assess success (exit status zero) or failure (non-zero) of the command. The true and false commands represent the logical values of command success, because true returns 0, and false returns 1.

## Usage

The commands are usually employed in conditional statements and loops of shell scripts. For example, the following shell script repeats the echo hello loop until interrupted:
The commands can be used to ignore the success or failure of a sequence of other commands, as in the example:
Setting a user's login shell to false, in /etc/passwd, effectively denies them access to an interactive shell, but their account may still be valid for other services, such as FTP. (Although /sbin/nologin, if available, may be more fitting for this purpose, as it prints a notification before terminating the session.)
The programs take no "actual" parameters; in the GNU version, the standard parameter --help displays a usage summary and --version displays the program version.

## Null command

The true command is sometimes substituted with the very similar null command, written as a single colon (:). The null command is built into the shell, and may therefore be more efficient if true is an external program (true is usually a shell built in function). We can rewrite the upper example using : instead of true:
The null command may take parameters, which are ignored. It is also used as a no-op dummy command for side-effects such as assigning default values to shell variables through the ${parameter:=word} parameter expansion form. For example, from bashbug, the bug-reporting script for Bash:
# Valle de Guadalupe, Jalisco

Valle de Guadalupe is a village in Jalisco, Mexico. The population of the village is 6,705.
# Thomas Buxton (New Zealand politician)

Thomas Buxton (1863–28 May 1939) was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament.

## Biography
### Early life and career

He was born in Lincolnshire, England, in 1863 and came to New Zealand with his family in 1865. He was the son of New Zealand politician Searby Buxton.
When young he gained employment at the Farmers' Co-operative Association at Timaru remaining there until he commenced business on his own account 18 years later. He became a grain and produce merchant, first in Temuka and later in Timaru.
He was the chairman of the Temuka sports association and actively played tennis, cricket and golf.

### Political career

He was one of the inaugural members of the Temuka Borough Council and was the Mayor of Temuka for 10 years.
He represented the Geraldine electorate from 1908 to 1911; and then the Temuka electorate from 1911 to 1914, when he retired. He was a member of the Executive Council (without portfolio) in 1912 in the Liberal Government.
After leaving Parliament Buxton remained politically active and was for many years a local organiser for the Liberal Party, and later he was the national organiser for its successor the United Party.

### Later life and death

He later became an organiser of the Farmers' Union. Buxton moved to Christchurch in 1921, where he spent the remainder of his life. He died there on 28 May 1939.
# Treholt

Treholt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arne Treholt (1942–2023), Norwegian KGB agent
* Thorstein Treholt (1911–1993), Norwegian politician
# Spectral sensitivity

Spectral sensitivity is the relative efficiency of detection, of light or other signal, as a function of the frequency or wavelength of the signal.
In visual neuroscience, spectral sensitivity is used to describe the different characteristics of the photopigments in the rod cells and cone cells in the retina of the eye. It is known that the rod cells are more suited to scotopic vision and cone cells to photopic vision, and that they differ in their sensitivity to different wavelengths of light. It has been established that the maximum spectral sensitivity of the human eye under daylight conditions is at a wavelength of 555 nm, while at night the peak shifts to 507 nm.
In photography, film and sensors are often described in terms of their spectral sensitivity, to supplement their characteristic curves that describe their responsivity. A database of camera spectral sensitivity is created and its space analyzed. For X-ray films, the spectral sensitivity is chosen to be appropriate to the phosphors that respond to X-rays, rather than being related to human vision.
In sensor systems, where the output is easily quantified, the responsivity can be extended to be wavelength dependent, incorporating the spectral sensitivity. When the sensor system is linear, its spectral sensitivity and spectral responsivity can both be decomposed with similar basis functions. When a system's responsivity is a fixed monotonic nonlinear function, that nonlinearity can be estimated and corrected for, to determine the spectral sensitivity from spectral input–output data via standard linear methods.
The responses of the rod and cone cells of the retina, however, have a very context-dependent (coupled) nonlinear response, which complicates the analysis of their spectral sensitivities from experimental data. In spite of these complexities, however, the conversion of light energy spectra to the effective stimulus, the excitation of the photopigment, is quite linear, and linear characterizations such as spectral sensitivity are therefore quite useful in describing many properties of color vision.
Spectral sensitivity is sometimes expressed as a quantum efficiency, that is, as probability of getting a quantum reaction, such as a captured electron, to a quantum of light, as a function of wavelength. In other contexts, the spectral sensitivity is expressed as the relative response per light energy, rather than per quantum, normalized to a peak value of 1, and a quantum efficiency is used to calibrate the sensitivity at that peak wavelength. In some linear applications, the spectral sensitivity may be expressed as a spectral responsivity, with units such as amperes per watt.
# Ulmus americana 'New Harmony'

The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'New Harmony' was raised by the Maryland Agricultural Research Service and released by the United States National Arboretum in 1995, along with 'Valley Forge'. 'New Harmony' proved the most successful U. americana cultivar in the US National Elm Trial, averaging a survival rate of 85.5% overall.

## Description

'New Harmony' is considered by some to have a more desirable form than 'Valley Forge' as it grows vertically on its own with a minimum of early training. The original parent tree (located on a roadside in Ohio) is already over 20 m high, with a slightly greater crown spread. The bole divides into several erect branches about 10 m above the ground terminating in slender, pendulous branchlets.
Growth is rapid, young trees gaining in height by almost 1.7 m per annum in trials at U C Davis, although d.b.h. increase remained a modest 1.8 cm.

## Pests and diseases

Although resistant to Dutch elm disease and Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola, like most other American Elm cultivars 'New Harmony' is susceptible to Elm Yellows and Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica. In the trials at U C Davis, the trees remained free of leaf curling aphids (Eriosoma), unlike its U. americana stablemates 'Valley Forge' and 'Princeton'.

## Cultivation

'New Harmony' is currently being evaluated in the National Elm Trial coordinated by Colorado State University. The tree was introduced to the UK in 2010.

## Etymology

The tree is named for the Indiana town renowned for its social innovations in the 19th century.

## Accessions
### North America

* Bartlett Tree Experts, US. Acc. nos. 2001-233, 2001-446.
* Brenton Arboretum, Dallas Center, Iowa, US. No details available.
* Longwood Gardens, US. Acc. nos. 2000-0361, 2002-0412, 2004–0674.
* Morton Arboretum, Illinois, US. Acc. no. 124-2008.
* U S National Arboretum, Washington, D.C., US. Acc. no. 29003.

### Europe

* Grange Farm Arboretum, Sutton St. James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK. Whips planted 2011. Acc. no. 1055.
* Netherlands Plant Collection, Ulmus: Gemeentehuis, Rading 1, Loosdrecht, gemeente Wijdemeren, planted 2016.
# Ulrike Sindelar-Pachowsky

Ulrike Sindelar-Pachowsky (born 25 June 1943) is an Austrian diver. She competed in two events at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Ulrike Sonntag

Ulrike Sonntag (born 1959) is a German operatic soprano and academic voice teacher at the Staatliche Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Stuttgart. She was previously a member of the Staatstheater Stuttgart, Vienna State Opera, and other ensembles, and has performed in operas and concerts, and taught masterclasses, in several countries. Among her recordings are rarely performed oratorios by Fanny Hensel and Paul Hindemith.

## Life

Born in Esslingen am Neckar, she attended the Georgii-Gymnasium at her hometown, concluding with the Abitur. She studied music pedagogy and German in Stuttgart, and then studied voice in Romania and at the Hochschule der Künste Berlin with Irmgard Hartmann-Dressler (1924–2013). She took master classes with Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and Aribert Reimann. In 1985, Sonntag won the second prize at the Deutscher Musikwettbewerb in Bonn.
Sonntag had already made her stage debut in 1983, while she was studying, at the Hamburgische Staatsoper as Oriane in Johann Christian Bach's Amadis. She became a member of the ensembles in Heidelberg and Mannheim. In 1988, she moved on to the Staatstheater Stuttgart. She was a member of the Vienna State Opera from 1991 to 1994, where she appeared as Susanna in Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro, Donna Elvira in Don Giovanni, Pamina in Die Zauberflöte, Marzelline in Beethoven's Fidelio, Micaela in Bizet's Carmen, Musetta in Puccini's La bohème, and in the Strauss roles Sophie in Der Rosenkavalier and Zdenka in Arabella, among others. She appeared as a guest at opera houses in Berlin (Frau Fluth in Nicolai's Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor), Hamburg, Cologne Opera, Oper Frankfurt, Karlsruhe, Monte Carlo, Cairo, Trieste and Tel Aviv, among others.
Sonntag has held masterclasses in France, Israel, South America and Bulgaria, among others. She has been a professor of voice at the Staatliche Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Stuttgart since 2005.

## Recordings

Sonntag has recorded sacred music, including Bach's Mass in B minor in 1988 with Helmuth Rilling conducting the Gächinger Kantorei and the Stuttgarter Kammerorchester.
In 1996, she was a soloist in a recording of Paul Hindemith's oratorio Das Unaufhörliche (The Never-Ending), based on texts by Gottfried Benn, with the Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Berlin conducted by Lothar Zagrosek. She recorded works by women composers, conducted by Helmut Wolf: Fanny Hensel's Oratorio based on Biblical texts and two psalm settings by Lili Boulanger.
Other recordings include:
* Bach: Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben, BWV 147, Haydn: Nelson Mass, with Alison Browner, Adalbert Kraus, Ernst Gerold Schramm, Collegium Instrumentale Alois Kottmann [de], Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, Alois Ickstadt, Melisma 726
* Bach: Johannes-Passion, with Alison Browner, Adalbert Kraus, Ernst Gerold Schramm, Collegium Instrumentale Alois Kottmann, Figuralchor des Hessischen Rundfunks, Alois Ickstadt. Melisma 7058
* Bach: Messe h-Moll, with Alison Browner, Adalbert Kraus, Ernst Gerold Schramm, Collegium Instrumentale Alois Kottmann, Figuralchor Frankfurt, Alois Ickstadt, Melisma 7023-2
# Perunggit

Tuanku Panglima Perunggit, also titled Kejuruan Padang, was the second ruler (1641–1700) of the Sultanate of Deli (now in North Sumatra, Indonesia). He continued the rule of his father Tuanku Panglima Gocah Pahlawan, who was the representative commander (wali negara) of the Aceh Sultanate to rule former area of the conquered Aru Kingdom. His mother's name was Putri Nang Bulan beru Surbakti, a sister of the Sunggal chieftain (Karo: raja urung), Datuk Itam Surbakti, one of the rulers of the Karo people in Deli Tua.
As the Aceh Sultanate's influence was then weakening in various regions of Sumatra, Perunggit took the opportunity to make Deli independent. He first gained support from the Dutch East India Company in Malacca, and in 1667 sent envoys directly to its headquarters in Batavia. In 1669, Perunggit announced that Deli was independent from Aceh's realm.
Perunggit was married to the sister of the Sukapiring chieftain. After he died, his rule was continued by his son, Tuanku Panglima Paderap.
# Persian drill

A Persian drill is a drill which is turned by pushing a nut back and forth along a spirally grooved drill holder. It was formerly used for delicate operations such as jewellery making and dentistry. A ratcheting screwdriver with a "spiral ratchet" mechanism may be used as a Persian drill.
# Perimycin

Perimycin, also known as aminomycin and fungimycin, is polyene antibiotic produced by Streptomyces coelicolor var. aminophilus. The compound exhibits antifungal properties.

## Composition

Perimycin is produced naturally as a mixture of three types: A, B and C, with type A being the major component. All types consist of a polyketide core with a perosamine sugar moiety. The variations occur at the end of the core opposite the perosamine moiety. Perimycin A has an aromatic group in this position, whereas the identities of the analogous groups in the other perimycin types are currently undetermined.

## Usage

Polyene antibiotics in general are often toxic to humans and have poor bioavailability. Thus, with the notable exception of amphotericin B, they are often not used clinically. Perimycin has been shown to be an effective antifungal compound, but is not widely used in clinical settings.
# Persian Weekly

Persian Weekly (Persian: هفته نامه پرشین) is the only non-political, non-religious, non-affiliate and impartial weekly newspaper to exclusively serve the vibrant Iranian (Persian) community in United Kingdom and abroad IRAN .

## History

Persian Weekly was first established and founded by Abbas Najafi Zarafshan in June 2007 for the purpose of serving the Persian community in London and United Kingdom.

## Editors

Abbas Najafi Zarafshan (2007–present)

## Features

Persian Weekly has a variety of sections including:
* Our Readers Views - Letters from readers.
* Births, Marriages & Deaths
* Entertainment - Includes events that are on in United Kingdom over the coming weeks.
* Classifieds - Advertising section for readers.
* Sport - Sport News.

## Online

In March 2010 Persian Weekly relaunched their website to be a lot more editorially focused, instead of a standard blog.
# Ulmus parvifolia 'Emerald Prairie'

The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Emerald Prairie' was raised by Kansas State University and released in 2004. The tree can reach a height of about 13 m, with a spread slightly less at approximately 12 m. It is distinguished by its superior foliar quality. The species and its cultivars are highly resistant, but not immune, to Dutch elm disease, and unaffected by the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola. 'Emerald Prairie' is also noted for its resistance to black spot. 'Emerald Prairie' has yet to be grown beyond North America.
# Ulmus parvifolia 'Ed Wood'

The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Ed Wood' is intended for bonsai, or even model train set landscaping. It is however reputedly hardy to −23 °C (−10 °F).

## Description

A miniature variety , described as forming a canopy of tiny leaves.

## Pests and diseases

The species and its cultivars are highly resistant, but not immune, to Dutch elm disease, and unaffected by the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola.

## Cultivation

'Ed Wood' is not known to be in cultivation beyond North America.
# Perlenbach (Schwesnitz)

Perlenbach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It is the left headstream of the Schwesnitz in Rehau.