OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sustainable investment rule

The sustainable investment rule, as referred to in the United Kingdom, is one of several fiscal policy principles set out by the incoming Labour government in 1997.

## History

These were first set out by then Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown in his 1997 budget speech. Subsequently they were formalised in the Finance Act 1998 and in the Code for Fiscal Stability, approved by the House of Commons in December 1998.
The sustainable investment rule states that public sector net debt as a proportion of gross domestic product (GDP) will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. The Chancellor has stated that, other things being equal, net government debt will be maintained below 40% of GDP over the current economic cycle.
This "rule" is however merely a stated aim with no sanctions against the incumbent government if broken, unlike some balanced budget provisions used in other countries.
The sustainable investment rule is the counterpart to the Golden Rule, introduced at the same time.
# Sanel Valley

The Sanel Valley in Mendocino County, California, is a valley along the Russian River containing the town of Hopland. The river flows through the valley for approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) from the northeast (where it connects from its headwaters and the Ukiah Valley through a rocky constriction) to the southwest, and it is met near Hopland by two tributaries, Feliz Creek on the west side of the river and McDowell Creek on the east. The valley is approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) wide, and covers an area of 8.4 square miles (22 km$^2$).
The valley is served by U.S. Route 101, which passes through the valley near the west bank of the river, and by California State Route 175, which connects Hopland through the Mayacamas Mountains to Lakeport and Clear Lake to the east.
The name Sanel comes from a Pomo language word for a sweat lodge. A village of the Hopland Pomo was located at what is now Old Hopland and gave its name to the valley and the Rancho Sanel that encompassed it.
# Tamatea, Napier

Tamatea is a suburb in the west of the city of Napier, in the Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand's eastern North Island.

## Demographics

Tamatea covers 1.93 km$^2$ (0.75 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 5,840 as of June 2023, with a population density of 3,026 people per km$^2$.
Tamatea had a population of 5,415 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 375 people (7.4%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 294 people (5.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 2,031 households, comprising 2,598 males and 2,814 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.92 males per female, with 1,224 people (22.6%) aged under 15 years, 1,032 (19.1%) aged 15 to 29, 2,190 (40.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 963 (17.8%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 78.1% European/Pākehā, 28.5% Māori, 4.0% Pacific peoples, 5.0% Asian, and 1.9% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 13.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 53.5% had no religion, 32.8% were Christian, 3.2% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.3% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 1.8% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 498 (11.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,017 (24.3%) people had no formal qualifications. 378 people (9.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 2,049 (48.9%) people were employed full-time, 588 (14.0%) were part-time, and 153 (3.7%) were unemployed.
Individual statistical areas :
| Name | Area (km$^2$) | Population | Density (per km$^2$) | Households | Median age | Median income |
| Tamatea West | 0.63 | 2,001 | 3,176 | 765 | 38.8 years | $26,800 |
| Tamatea North | 0.66 | 1,683 | 2,550 | 615 | 34.6 years | $28,900 |
| Tamatea East | 0.63 | 1,731 | 2,748 | 651 | 36.3 years | $26,900 |
| New Zealand | | | | | 37.4 years | $31,800 |

## Education

Porritt School is a state primary school, with a roll of 323.
Tamatea School is a state primary school, with a roll of 142.
Tamatea Intermediate is a state intermediate school, with a roll of 429.
Tamatea High School is a state secondary school, with a roll of 400.
All these schools are co-educational. Rolls are as of August 2024.
# Saint-Martin-le-Gréard

Saint-Martin-le-Gréard (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.
# Z(4430)

Z(4430) is a mesonic resonance discovered by the Belle experiment. It has a mass of 4430 MeV/c$^2$. The resonant nature of the peak has been confirmed by the LHCb experiment with a significance of at least 13.9 σ. The particle is charged and is thought to have a quark content of c c d u , making it a tetraquark candidate. It has the spin-parity quantum numbers J = 1$^+$.
The particle joins the X(3872), Zc(3900) and Y(4140) as exotic hadron candidates observed by multiple experiments, although it is the first to be confirmed as a resonance.
# St. Agnes Hospital

St. Agnes Hospital may refer to:
* St. Agnes Hospital (Baltimore)
* St. Agnes Hospital (Fond du Lac, Wisconsin) operated by the Congregation of Sisters of St. Agnes
* St. Agnes Hospital (Raleigh, North Carolina)
# Progressive Brothers

Progressive Brothers is an Indian electronic music duo band from New Delhi. The band consists of Sunny Sharma and Karan Bhalla; who are music producer, DJ, singer, and songwriter. Progressive Brothers have played at India's biggest electronic music festivals like Sunburn, VH1 Supersonic and Enchanted Valley Carnival. They have also performed at numerous events and college festivals across India.

## History

The band was formed in 2012 by Sunny & Karan. Initially, Dj Karan was working for a multinational insurance company and Sunny was a banker. They eventually decided to pursue their career in music as "The Progressive Brothers". Their debut track "Veda" was in collaboration with Richard Durand.
They have shared the stage alongside David Guetta, Tiesto, Martin Garrix, Dmitri Vegas & Like Mike Dyro, KSHMR, Kygo, Oliver Heldens, R3HAB, Carnage, Steve Aoki, Benny Benassi, Dada Life, Seven Lions etc.
They were named India’s Best Trance Djs for 2012 – 2013 by Myfavdj Awards.

## Discography

| Song | Album |
| Richard Durand feat. Progressive Brothers - Veda | Richard Durand vs. The World Collab Mix |
| #IndiaIndia Feat. MC Haits | - |
| Skin & Bones | Progressive Brothers Remix |
| Moonbeam Feat. Polina Griffith – I Go On | Progressive Brothers Remix |
# Svatopluk Bouška

Svatopluk Bouška (born 29 April 1947) is a former football player and manager. He had 164 appearances in the Czechoslovak First League and scored four goals. He represented his country at youth level. Moreover, Bouška became the third manager of Dukla Prague in the 1993–94 season, in which the club finished last. He managed Bohemians Prague in the 1994–95 season. His older brother, Josef Bouška, also played over 100 times in the Czechoslovak First League.
# Zoychene

Zoychene is a village in Petrich Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria.
# Zhao'an railway station

Zhao'an railway station is a railway station located in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China, on the Xiamen–Shenzhen railway which is operated by Nanchang Railway Bureau, China Railway Corporation.
| Preceding station | China Railway High-speed | China Railway High-speed | China Railway High-speed | Following station |
| Yunxiaotowards Xiamen North | | Xiamen–Shenzhen railway | | Raopingtowards Shenzhen North |
* This article about a railway station in Fujian is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Taliata

Taliata was a Roman town and fort located near the present town of Donji Milanovac in eastern Serbia. It is included in the Tabula Peutingeriana.
The fort of 134 × 126 m was built as part of the Roman Moesian Limes frontier system of linked forts along the Danube. Domitian replaced the wood and earth walls by stone walls in 87 AD before Domitian's Dacian War.
It was completely restored in the second half of the 3rd century. In the 4th c. protruding semicircular corner-towers were added.
An early Christian basilica was discovered on the site.
# Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986

Germany was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 with the song "Über die Brücke geh'n", written by Hans Blum, and performed by Ingrid Peters. The German participating broadcaster on behalf of ARD, Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR), selected their entry through a national final.

## Before Eurovision
### Ein Lied für Bergen

Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR) held the German national final, Ein Lied für Bergen, on 27 March at the Deutsches Theater in Munich, hosted by Sabrina Lallinger and Wenche Myhre. Myhre represented Germany in the 1968 Contest.
Twelve songs made it to the national final, which was broadcast by BR to ARD broadcasters across West Germany. The winner was decided by a sampling of 500 random West Germans who were meant to symbolize a fair representation of the country's population. Each person gave every song a vote, from 1 (for worst) to 12 (for best). Therefore, the theoretical "worst score" a song could receive would be 500, and the "best score" would be 6000.
The winning entry was "Über die Brücke geh'n", performed by Ingrid Peters and composed by Hans Blum.
| Draw | Artist | Song | Songwriters | Votes | Place |
| 1 | That's Life | "Telefon" | Ralph Siegel, Werner Schüler | 2011 | 12th |
| 2 | Günther-Eric Thöner | "Du bist der Wind, der meine Flügel trägt" | Günther-Eric Thöner, Erich Offierowski | 2893 | 9th |
| 3 | Dschinghis Khan Family | "Wir gehör'n zusammen" | Ralph Siegel, Bernd Meinunger | 4088 | 2nd |
| 4 | Ingrid Peters | "Über die Brücke geh'n" | Hans Blum | 4236 | 1st |
| 5 | Clowns | "Clowns" | Ralph Siegel, Michael Kunze, Bernd Meinunger | 3597 | 6th |
| 6 | Steffi Hinz | "Ich habe niemals nie gesagt" | Alexander Gordan, Norbert Hammerschmidt | 2769 | 10th |
| 7 | Mister Fisto | "Rein und klar wie's früher war" | Günther-Eric Thöner, Peter Rubin | 2102 | 11th |
| 8 | Headline | "Europa" | Jürgen Triebel, Horst-Herbert Krause | 3871 | 5th |
| 9 | Margit P. | "Der Sonne entgegen" | Margit Petraschka | 2923 | 8th |
| 10 | Chris Heart and Band | "Die Engel sind auch nicht mehr das was sie war'n" | Ralph Siegel, Bernd Meinunger | 4027 | 3rd |
| 11 | Joy Fleming and Marc Berry | "Miteinander" | Reiner Pietsch, Werner Schüler | 3989 | 4th |
| 12 | Tie Break | "Kopf oder Zahl" | Andreas Hofner, Regina Simon | 3118 | 7th |

## At Eurovision

Peters was the fourteenth performer on the night of the Contest, following Belgium and preceding Cyprus. At the close of the voting the song had received 62 points, placing 8th in a field of 20 competing countries. The German jury awarded its 12 points to Luxembourg.
The show was watched by 10.88 million viewers in Germany.
# Zalim Tera Jawab Nahin

Zallim Tera Jawab Nahin is a 1960 Hindi-language drama and romance film starring Agha, Saroj Khan and Chitra. It is directed by Ramanlal Desai, and produced by G. C. Trivedo for R. D. Productions.

## Cast

* Azad
* Chitra
* Agha
* Saroj Khan
* Vasantrao Pahelwan
* Ramial
* Shyam Lal

## Music

* "Sunoji Mohe Dar Lage" – Sudha Malhotra
* "Gora Na Pade" – Sudha Malhotra, S. D. Batish
* "Jab Usko Dekha" – Sudha Malhotra
* "Aaj Mere Yaar Ki Tedhi"
* "Apne Mann Ka Raju Hu Mai"
* "Malik Tere Bando Ne Kya" – S. D. Batish
* "Mere Dildar Vai Vai"
The musical director is S. D. Batish. The lyricists are Shadab, Farid Tonki, and Aziz Siddiqui.
# Srinagar Hydroelectric Project

Srinagar Hydro electric Power Project in, Srinagar, in Pauri Garhwal district, Uttarakhand, is a hydroelectric power plant built on Alaknanda River. The power plant is owned by Alaknanda Hydro Power Corporation Limited a GVK Group company. Bharat Heavy Electricals supplied the major equipments.

## Power generation capacity

Its installed capacity is of 330 MW (4x82.5 MW).
| Unit Number | Capacity (MW) | Date of Commissioning | Status |
| 1 | 82.5 | 23 April 2015 | COD. |
| 2 | 82.5 | 21 June 2015 | COD |
| 3 | 82.5 | 2 May 2015 | COD |
| 4 | 82.5 | 21 June 2015 | COD |
| TOTAL | 330 | | |
# Professor of Mercantile Law (Glasgow)

The Chair of Mercantile Law is a Professorship at the University of Glasgow, founded in 1919. It has had five holders, including politician Sir John Craik-Henderson and Robert Jack, one of Scotland's most noted contemporary commercial lawyers, and has been vacant since 1993.

## History

In 1894, a lectureship in Mercantile Law was established at the University, and in 1919 this was made up to a Chair. The first holder, appointed the following year, was Thomas Grieve Wright, a Glasgow solicitor and co-founder of solicitors' firm Smith & Wright, which went on to become Wright, Johnston and MacKenzie LLP. Wright was Dean of the Faculty of Law 1923 to 1925 and resigned from the Chair in 1930, when John Craik-Henderson was appointed. Henderson was a graduate of the University and senior partner in Miller Thompson Henderson and Co., and Dean of the Faculty from 1933 to 1935. He was elected Chairman of the Scottish Unionist Association and in 1940 was returned to Parliament for Leeds North East, at which time he resigned from the Chair.
It was not until 1946 that his successor, John Boyd, was appointed. Boyd, also a graduate of the University, was a partner in Russell & Duncan, and served as Dean of the Faculty of Law from 1947 to 1950, Vice-President of the Law Society of Scotland from 1954 to 1955 and Dean of the Royal Faculty of Procurators in Glasgow in 1955. He resigned from the Chair in 1957, and was awarded an LLD in 1958 and knighted in 1961.
In 1963, James Millar was appointed to the Chair. Another graduate of the University, Millar was a partner in Ramsay, Menzies & Wilson, and had previously been a part-time assistant in Evidence and Procedure and held a part-time lectureship in Administrative Law. He was Dean of the Faculty from 1965 to 1968, and appointed CBE in 1976. He resigned in 1978, when Robert Jack was appointed. Jack was a partner in law firm McGrigor, Donald & Co., and retained this position when appointed to the Chair, being promoted to Senior Partner in 1990. He served on the Scottish Law Commission, Panel on Takeovers and Mergers and the Financial Law Panel, and was appointed CBE in 1988. He served on the Council of the London Stock Exchange after the Guinness share-trading fraud scandal, and pressed MP John Maxton to raise questions in Parliament about the affair in 1997. He retired in 1993, and remains Emeritus Professor. He was awarded an LLD on the University's 550th anniversary celebrations in 2001. The Chair is currently vacant.

## Professors of Mercantile Law

* 1978-1993: Robert Jack
* 1963-1978: James Miller
* 1946-1957: Sir John Boyd
* 1930-1940: Sir John Henderson
* 1920-1930: Thomas Wright
# Orthogonius smetsi

Orthogonius smetsi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Orthogoniinae. It was described by Tian & Deuve in 2006.
# Survivorship curve

A survivorship curve is a graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group (e.g. males or females). Survivorship curves can be constructed for a given cohort (a group of individuals of roughly the same age) based on a life table.
There are three generalized types of survivorship curves:
* Type I or convex curves are characterized by high age-specific survival probability in early and middle life, followed by a rapid decline in survival in later life. They are typical of species that produce few offspring but care for them well, including humans and many other large mammals such as elephants. These are also known as K-selected species (see: r/K selection theory)
* Type II or diagonal curves are an intermediate between Types I and III, where roughly constant mortality rate/survival probability is experienced regardless of age. Some birds and some lizards follow this pattern.
* Type III or concave curves have the greatest mortality (lowest age-specific survival) early in life, with relatively low rates of death (high probability of survival) for those surviving this bottleneck. This type of curve is characteristic of species that produce a large number of offspring (known as r-selected species). This includes most marine invertebrates. For example, oysters produce millions of eggs, but most larvae die from predation or other causes; those that survive long enough to produce a hard shell live relatively long.
The number or proportion of organisms surviving to any age is plotted on the y-axis (generally with a logarithmic scale starting with 1000 individuals), while their age (often as a proportion of maximum life span) is plotted on the x-axis.
In mathematical statistics, the survival function is one specific form of survivorship curve and plays a basic part in survival analysis.
There are various reasons that a species exhibits their particular survivorship curve, but one contributor can be environmental factors that decrease survival. For example, an outside element that is nondiscriminatory in the ages that it affects (of a particular species) is likely to yield a Type II survivorship curve, in which the young and old are equally likely to be affected. On the other hand, an outside element that preferentially reduces the survival of young individuals is likely to yield a Type III curve. Finally, if an outside element only reduces the survival of organisms later in life, this is likely to yield a Type I curve.
# Zoysia 'Emerald'

Emerald Zoysia (Zoysia 'Emerald') is a cultivar of Zoysia grass with a thin bladed leaf that forms a very lush lawn. It shares the drought and shade resistance of the other varieties.
This grass has a fine, soft texture and can be left unmown as it only grows to a height of 6–12 inches (15–30 cm). When left unmown, it forms a humpy convoluted surface which is sometimes used in oriental landscapes (see picture on Zoysia page).

## Adaptation and characteristics

Emerald Zoysia is adapted to zones 7-11 and does well in warm, humid environments. It is an excellent grass for the southern and southeastern states. Once established it requires less water than St. Augustine but slightly more than Bermuda. It is drought tolerant due to its deep root structure. Browning may occur in triple digit heat, but adequate hydration can restore its vibrant green color in a matter of minutes. The grass is moderately shade tolerant, coming close to the shade tolerance of St. Augustine. However, it does not do well in full shade as compared to Rye and Fescue. An average of at least 3–4 hours of full sun per day is a good measure for healthy growth. Flooding is tolerated, but constant saturation will eventually weaken the grass. This zoysia has a moderate cold tolerance and can be damaged by hard freezes and is not hardy in transition zones. Emerald Zoysia is a very slow growing lawn grass. Zoysia grasses are generally slower growing than Bermuda and St. Augustine, with Emerald Zoysia being one of the slowest growing Zoysia grasses. The grass exhibits a dense creeping growth, rather than an aggressive upward, or sprawling growth. The blade density is much higher than for other grasses, giving a very dense, carpet-like, or "hedgehog" appearance.

## Care and maintenance

Due to the density of the grass, excess thatch can accumulate and should be removed every several weeks. Mowing can be performed every 7–10 days, with no more than 1⁄3 of the blade cut at one time. Recommended mowing height of this grass is between .75 and 2 inches (1.9 and 5.1 cm). Mowing the grass shorter than this height can produce a weaker less attractive product, whereas mowing the grass higher than this height will promote a less-dense, wispy appearance. The use of reel mowers is suggested since common rotary lawn mowers will tear the fine-blade grass and leave a grey/white tip instead of a clean cut.
Emerald Zoysia has an adverse reaction to excessive fertilization, requiring no more than two light distributions per year. 8-8-8 or 13-13-13 fertilizer is recommended. If over fertilized, it will turn yellow and could die. Since regrowth of this grass is slow, its best to err on the light side of fertilization than to over fertilize.
# Saitō Toshikazu

Saitō Toshikazu (齋藤俊一) (died 1582), also known as Saitō Toshizo (斎藤歳三), was lord of Ikuchiyama in Tanba Province as well as a member of the Saitō clan. Toshikazu was Saito Tatsuoki cousin, head of Saitō clan.
In 1567, after the Battle of Inabayama, Toshikazu became a vassal of Akechi Mitsuhide, who was a retainer of the Oda clan.
In 1582, at the Battle of Yamazaki, the battle between Oda Nobunaga's two de facto successors, Akechi Mitsuhide and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Toshikazu became a commander of Akechi clan forces. During the battle, he tried to flank Hideyoshi's lines but was defeated and executed by Horio Mosuke.
# Zakariya Ismail Hersi

Sakariya Ismail Hersi is a former high-ranking member of Al-Shabaab, a militant group in Somalia. He was the head of intelligence and part of the group's leadership before surrendering to Somali authorities in December 2014. His surrender was seen as a significant blow to Al-Shabaab, as he was one of the most wanted members of the group, with a bounty placed on his head by the U.S. government.
After his defection, Hersi expressed his willingness to cooperate with the Somali government and work towards peace. His move was seen as a sign of internal divisions within Al-Shabaab and a potential pathway for encouraging more defections from the group. His case was notable in Somalia's efforts to weaken the militant group from within.
# St. James Episcopal Church (Meeker, Colorado)

The St. James Episcopal Church in Meeker, Colorado is a historic church at 368 4th Street. It was built in 1890 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
It was deemed "significant because it is the first church in Meeker, as well as one of the oldest Episcopal churches in Colorado. As such it has played and is still playing an important role in the religious life of the area."
# Prostephanus punctatus

Prostephanus punctatus is a species of horned powder-post beetle in the family Bostrichidae. It is found in North America.
# Ortaliella

Ortaliella is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Sury

Sury (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France.
# Åsa Romson

Åsa Elisabeth Romson (born 22 March 1972) is a Swedish politician who was the Minister for the Environment and ceremonial Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden in the Swedish Government from 2014 to 2016. She is a member of the Green Party and served as one of its spokespersons along with Gustav Fridolin between 2011 and 2016.
In 2012, Romson completed a doctorate in environmental law at Stockholm University.

## Political career

In the late 1990s, she was a member of the Green Party and the Young Greens of Sweden. Between 2002 and 2010, she was a member of the city council in Stockholm. Since the 2010 election she has been a spokesperson for environmental and climate policy. She has been a member of the Swedish parliament since the 2010 election.
On 29 March 2011, she was nominated as one of the candidates to be the Green Party's new spokesperson, together with Gustav Fridolin. They were elected on 21 May 2011.
She started serving as the Minister for the Environment and Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden in the Löfven Cabinet. Romson announced her intention in May 2016 to resign from the Government, following the Green Party's decision not to nominate her for the party leadership for another term.

## Controversies

In October 2014, Romson used an outlawed type of paint on the bottom of the boat she lives on. She claimed ignorance on both counts.
On 19 April 2016, she described the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center as "olycka" (meaning "accident", "disaster" or "misfortune" depending on context). She explained that the disaster she was referring to in that context (the Swedish word "olycka" can mean accident or disaster) was that the topic of integration had become inflamed as a result of the attack.
# Zhulti rid

Zhulti rid is a village in Dzhebel Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern Bulgaria.