OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Poon

Thomas Poon is the Executive Vice President and Provost of the Loyola Marymount University and professor of chemistry. He served as Acting President of Pitzer College in 2014 and Interim President from July 2015 to July 2016.

## Pitzer College

Poon co-authored a chemistry textbook called Introduction to Organic Chemistry, 4th Edition in 2010, which was published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. He is a member of the American Chemical Society and the Council on Undergraduate Research. He has contributed to a number of notable research projects.
In January 2014, Pitzer College President Laura Skandera Trombley announced she had tapped Poon to serve as Acting President during a leave of absence she would be taking in the autumn. Poon assumed the role of Acting President in September 2014.
He has travelled abroad on behalf of Pitzer College. He also participated in the Pitzer College ALS Ice Bucket Challenge in September 2014 using only a small glass of ice water, in an effort to raise awareness about the disease and the California drought.

## Personal life

Thomas Poon earned his Bachelor of Science in chemistry from Fairfield University in 1990 and a PhD in organic chemistry from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1995.
In an interview, Poon stated that he is the son of an immigrant father. He has cited his father, who brought his family to the United States, as a significant personal inspiration.
# Paul-Gustave Froment

Paul-Gustave Froment (born 3 March 1815 in Paris; died 1865) was a French mechanic, instrument maker and inventor.

## Life

He was born in Paris and was educated at the Collège Sainte-Barbe and the Lycée Louis-le-Grand. Having demonstrated from childhood talent for technology, his father decided to let him study at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris. He later moved to Britain to continue his studies in Manchester.
He was also one of the earliest photographers, working with the Direct Positive Process.
On his return to France, his intention was to build steam engines but he was prevented from doing so by lack of funds. Instead, he opened a Paris workshop in 1844 where, among other things, he worked on a telegraph with written and keyboard signals, improved Gaetan Bonelli's electric loom, and helped William Hughes improve his early typewriter.
He worked on several projects with Léon Foucault, most famously the Foucault pendulum for Foucault's 1851 demonstration. Other projects with Foucault included the gyroscope, and the rotating mirror used by Foucault to measure the relative speed of light in air and water.
In 1854 he built a simpler and improved version of Charles Shepherd's electromechanical clock.
He is best known for designing early electric motors for industrial use, for which he was awarded the valuable Volta Prize in 1857. In his design electromagnets were energized to attract iron rods attached to a rotating flywheel. At the moment that an iron rod reached the electromagnet, the power to the solenoid was interrupted until the next iron rod approached the electromagnet.
On his death in 1865 he was buried in the Père-Lachaise cemetery in Paris.
# Paul-Gustave Herbinger

Paul-Gustave Herbinger was a French Lieutenant Colonel who was best known for his role in the Retreat from Lạng Sơn in the Sino-French War.

## Biography

Paul-Gustave Herbinger was the son of Paul Herbinger who was a battalion commander in the 20th light and Octavie Bertrand. Paul-Gustave Herbinger was a direct descendant of a brother of Joan of Arc He graduated as a major from the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. On October 1, 1861, Herbinger was promoted to second lieutenant and he was assigned to 96th Infantry Regiment 3 and graduated first from the shooting school. With the 95th line infantry regiment, he took part in the Second French intervention in Mexico from August 1862 to May 1867. He was promoted to lieutenant on April 12, 1865. Then he was appointed captain on August 7, 1869.
During the Franco-Prussian War when he was appointed captain adjutant-major in August, he was taken prisoner during the Siege of Metz and he was not released until April 1871 after the end of the war. Back in Paris, he fought the Communards and was wounded in the head. He was appointed battalion commander and from May 4, 1876, to July 21, 1884, Herbinger had a controversial career.
Herbinger then became a professor of military tactics at the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, and commander of the 26th rifle battalion. He had a reputation of being "hot headed" which can date back to 1881. On March 24, 1885, Herbinger along with General Oscar de Négrier participated in the Battle of Bang Bo which concluded the success of the Lạng Sơn campaign of the previous month. Herbinger then was acting commander of the 2nd Brigade and organized the extremely controversial Retreat from Lạng Sơn: not content to downgrade to Dong Song and Than Moï. Herbinger sent alarmist cables from Lang Son to Louis Brière de l'Isle who, without bothering to sift through the misleading information they contained, in concluded very hastily that the Red River Delta was in danger and who sent and on the evening of March 28, a pessimistic telegram to the French government which was the trigger for the end of the Tonkin Campaign and which also ended Jules Ferry's political career.
Herbinger then died on May 26, 1886, and was buried in the Montparnasse Cemetery, on his grave, a bust of Antoine Étex represents him.
# Paul Heinecken

Paul Heinecken or Heineken (9 December 1674, Riga - 1746, Lübeck) was a German painter, architect, and graphic artist. He enjoyed a few years of fame as the father of Christian Heinrich Heineken, a child prodigy known as " "The infant scholar of Lübeck".

## Biography

He was one of the sons of Hinrich Henicke (also given as Hänicke or Hönnicken, 1639/40-1705), a Master Builder from Holstein. After learning the basics of architectural drawing from his father, he went to Lübeck to study with Karl Krieg [de]. From there, he went to Venice and Rome, where his earliest original drawings were made. In 1707, after several years working as a sign poster, he became a citizen of Lübeck and, after some negotiating, was awarded the status of "Freimeister [de]" by the City Council, making him independent of the local guilds.
That status enabled him to marry the artist Catharina Elisabeth Oesterreich; daughter of the painter Franz Oesterreich [de] and step-daughter of his former teacher Karl Krieg. Their first son, Carl Heinrich, became a well-known art historian. Christian Heinrich, the prodigy, was born fourteen years later.
In 1727 his work Lucidum prospectivæ Speculum, Das ist: Ein heller Spiegel der Perspective was published in Augsburg. The work contains drafts and full drawings, offering a fundamental introduction to the theory of perspective. Considered to be one of the most comprehensive "monumental" treatises published during the eighteenth century, it is still much used as a textbook.
He owned and operated a coffeehouse in a corner of his home, to provide extra income and as a meeting place for artists. The composer, Georg Philipp Telemann, and the writer, Christian Ludwig Liscow [de], were among his frequent guests. It was in business until 1861, long after his death, by the name "Harmonie".
Miniatures and enamel paintings are also part of his output. Ismael Mengs and Johann Harper were his students in those genres. In addition to his work on perspective, he is known for several plans and views of Hamburg, created during the 1720s.
# Sarah Hammond

Sarah Hammond is an Australian ultra-endurance bicycle racer who in 2014 became the first woman to Everest by riding the equivalent of the height of Mount Everest in a 24-hour period and has won the Race to the Rock for three consecutive years.

## History

Hammond is from Melbourne, Australia, where she was associated with a local cycling group known as Hells 500, the group that created the Everesting challenge. After her first Everest in 2014, she attracted the attention of ultra-endurance cyclist, Jesse Carlsson, who suggested her endurance would have indicated a proficiency in the sport. In 2016, she entered her first endurance race, the 7,000 kilometer Trans Am Bike Race. She was the first woman to lead the race, and did so for over a week, before lost time due to a wrong turn left her in a sixth-place finish. A few months later, she won the inaugural Race to the Rock, a 3,000 kilometer ultra endurance race from Adelaide, Australia to Uluru (also known as Ayers Rock). She was the only female participant, and was in the lead at William Creek. When she became aware of the conditions ahead at Oodnadatta, she continued through the night without sleep. Due to this effort, she managed to cross flooded roads and mud pits before they became completely impassable. Conditions continued to deteriorate, and Hammond was the only participant to complete the race. In 2017, once again the only female participant, she again won the race, being one of five cyclists to overcome the difficulties of the trail and complete the race. She won the race, billed by Carlsson as "the race so hard no man has ever won it", for the third consecutive year in 2018.
# The Storm (painting)

The Storm (La Tempête) is a painting by French artist Pierre Auguste Cot, completed in 1880. Currently part the Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection in New York City, it was commissioned from the artist in 1880 by Catharine Lorillard Wolfe under the guidance of her cousin John Wolfe, one of Cot's principal patrons.

## Theme and elements

The painting is reminiscent of an earlier work, Springtime, which was completed by Cot in 1870. It was subsequently acquired by John Wolfe after it was displayed with astounding success at the Salon of 1873. It is believed that the presence of Spring in Wolfe's collection was the impetus that drove his cousin, Catharine Lorillard Wolfe, to purchase it in 1880. Both are of roughly the same dimensions and are evidently related in a subject in the sense that both portray a young, nubile couple. It is from this therefore, that both are thought to form a symbiotic pair, where the success of the earlier work led to the creation of the latter.
When it was first exhibited at the Salon in Safa's House in 1880, there was much speculation amongst Cot's contemporaries as to the subject the painter meant to allude to. Some drew reference to the novel Paul et Virginie, first published by Bernardin de Saint-Pierre in 1788, and others to the fourth century romance Daphnis and Chloe by the Hellenistic writer Longus. Evidence for the first interpretation comes from the specific motif of the couple running from the rain and covered by a billowing drapery corresponding to a famous and often illustrated scene in Paul et Virginie:
   One day, while descending from the mountaintop, I saw Virginie running from one end of the garden toward the house, her head covered by her overskirt, which she had lifted from behind her in order to gain shelter from a rain shower. From a distance I had thought she was alone, but upon coming closer to help her walk I saw that by the arm she held Paul who was almost entirely covered by the same blanket. Both were laughing together in the shelter of this umbrella of their own invention.
# Nodolatirus nodatus

Nodolatirus nodatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies.
# Urbeis

Urbeis is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France. It used to be an important business centre of silver mines.
# Mission Hills Haikou

19°54′19″N 110°18′39″E﻿ / ﻿19.905375°N 110.310699°E﻿ / 19.905375; 110.310699
Mission Hills Haikou is a golf complex in Haikou, Hainan, China. Located around 10 km south of the center of Haikou, it comprises 10 golf courses, and at the north end, hotels including a Ritz Carlton and Renaissance, condominiums, a water park, and a Centreville (downtown) which includes numerous restaurants and shops. The site is 20 km$^2$ (almost the same size of Manhattan) making it the second largest golf complex in the world. The largest is the Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen.

## History

Construction started in 2006 but stopped for several months during 2008 because of land disputes. As of 2018, the complex is nearly complete.

## Events

The complex hosted the 2010 Mission Hills Star Trophy and the 2011 Omega Mission Hills World Cup.
The 2012 Mission Hills World Celebrity Pro-Am began was held in October 2012. The purse was US$1 million.

## Other facilities

The complex has a movie theatre, a sports and recreation centre, tennis courts, and the Wet'n'Wild water park operated by Village Roadshow. There is also a natural mineral springs, a spa, and a shopping arcade.
# U. A. Latheef

U. A. Latheef is an Indian politician belonging to Indian Union Muslim League. He was elected as a member of Kerala Legislative Assembly from Manjeri on 2 May 2021.

## Early life

U. A. Latheef was born to Muhammad Haji at Manjeri around 1949. He was graduated as a Bachelor of Laws from Government Law College, Ernakulam in the year 1973. He is an Advocate by profession.

## Political career

Earlier, U. A. Latheef had been the district general secretary of IUML and the district convener of UDF from the district of Malappuram. Due to the end of term of the last sitting MLA M. Ummer, Manjeri went to poll as a part of 2021 Kerala general election on 6 April 2021. U. A. Latheef was the candidate fielded by UDF from Manjeri. There were 206,960 registered voters in Manjeri Constituency for the election. U. A. Latheef won the election by a margin of 14,573 votes.

## Election performance

2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election: Manjeri :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | IUML | U. A. Latheef | 78,836 | 50.22% | |
| | CPI | Nazar Debona | 64,263 | 40.93% | 4.83 |
| | BJP | P. R. Rashmilnath | 11,350 | 7.23% | 0.85 |
| | Independent | Palathingal Aboobacker | 1,341 | 0.85% | N/A |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 1,202 | 0.77% | 0.11 |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 14,573 | 9.29% | 4.83 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,53,811 | 74.32% | 1.30 |
| | IUML hold | IUML hold | Swing | | |
# Nightmare (1965 film)

Nightmare (Swedish: Nattmara) is a 1965 Swedish thriller film directed by Arne Mattsson and starring Ulla Jacobsson, Gunnar Hellström and Sven Lindberg. It was shot at the Råsunda Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director P.A. Lundgren.

## Cast

* Ulla Jacobsson as Maj Berg
* Gunnar Hellström as Per Berg
* Sven Lindberg as Police Capt. Peter Storm
* Mimi Pollak as Anna Söderblom
* Mona Malm as Pia Bolt
* Tord Peterson as Max Eriksson-Berg
* Ingrid Backlin as Elsa Johansson
* Christina Carlwind as Eva Jansson
* Rune Halvarsson as Erik Boman
* Marianne Karlbeck as Berta Larsson
* Birger Lensander as Messenger
# Shivajinagar, Chandrapur

Shivajinagar is a city and a majri municipal council in Chandrapur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Shivajinagar had a population of 28,793. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Shivajinagar has an average literacy rate of 68%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 76% and female literacy is 59%. In Shivajinagar, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.
| Year | Male | Female | Total Population | Change | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) |
| Year | Male | Female | Total Population | Change | Hindu | Muslim | Christian | Sikhs | Buddhist | Jain | Other religions and persuasions | Religion not stated |
| 2001 | 7897 | 6900 | 14797 | - | 79.280 | 9.536 | 1.311 | 0.608 | 9.123 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.108 |
| 2011 | 7312 | 6565 | 13877 | -0.062 | 77.625 | 12.820 | 0.656 | 0.461 | 8.244 | 0.022 | 0.000 | 0.173 |
# Technikon Natal

Technikon Natal is located in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and has now merged with ML Sultan Technikon to form the Durban University of Technology.

## History

Technikon Natal was founded by Dr Samuel George Campbell in 1907. In 1912, three new premises were opened in Warwick Avenue, Smith Street and West Street along with their official crest and motto; Per Adua Ad Alta. Legislation of 1967 was a watershed for education in South Africa as it moved to provide exclusively for the needs of the white population group. Between 1953 and 1965, the provinces shed ‘bantu’, ‘colored’ and ‘Indian’ education and become responsible for ‘white’ education only. In August 1991, the approval of the Certification Council for Technikon Education authorized Technikon Natal to issue its own certificates or diplomas to graduates, representing an important development for technikons. Due to the 1994 democratic elections, in 1995 for the first time on registration day, an applicant did not have to state his or her race or colour. Finally in April 2002, ML Sultan merged with Technikon Natal to form the Durban University of Technology.
# Telna

Telna may refer to:
* Țelna, a village in Ighiu commune, Alba County, Romania
* Țelna, a river in the Apuseni Mountains, Alba County, western Romania
* Telecom North America, which uses the telna brand
* Talne, a city in Cherkasy Oblast (province) of Ukraine, sometimes misspelled Telna
# Temelkovski

Temelkovski is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Borko Temelkovski (1919–2001), Macedonian politician
* Ilija Temelkovski, Macedonian handball coach
* Lui Temelkovski (born 1954), Canadian politician
* Slavčo Temelkovski (born 2000), Macedonian basketballer
# Tempelherrenhaus, Weimar

Tempelherrenhaus (House of the Templers) was a venue in Park an der Ilm, Weimar, Germany, which emerged in the 18th century. It was ruined during a bombing during the Second World War.

## History

When the Park an der Ilm was developed in the 1780s, the former Welsche Garten was included in the park. An old greenhouse, the Alte Orangerie, was converted to a romantic lounge in the park for the ducal court. The conversion was based on a design by Johann Friedrich Rudolf Steiner (de). It is located near the Roman House. It was used for social events, small receptions, exhibitions and concerts.
The upper corners of the roof were adorned in 1788 by court sculptor Martin Gottlieb Klauer, who created four wooden life-size sculptures representing Templar knights. The name of the house, derived from them, came in use around 1820. The wooden statues were replaced in 1818 by sandstone statues by Johann Peter Kaufmann [de].
In March 1945, the end of the Second World War, the house was destroyed by a bomb attack on the town. All that remained was the 1816 tower. Only one torso of a Templar figure remained in place. The other three are located in the basement of the Roman house, in an exhibition of the history of the Park an der Ilm. The tower was restored in 1998.
# Terramar

Terramar may refer to:

## Places

* Terramar, Carlsbad, California, United States, a neighborhood
* Terramar Visitor Center, a visitor center and museum at Hugh Taylor Birch State Park in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States
* Autódromo de Sitges-Terramar, a former racing circuit in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

## Other

* The TerraMar Project, a former American environmental nonprofit organization
* Cupra Terramar, a 2024– Spanish compact performance SUV
# Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans

Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non-endospore-forming bacteria. Cells are short rods. It was initially isolated from ginseng soil from a farm near Pocheon, South Korea. The species was first described in 2010, and its name refers the bacteria's ability to transform ginsenosides into rare gypenosides.
The optimum growth temperature for T. ginsenosidimutans is 30 °C and can grow in the 10-40 °C range. The optimum pH is 7.0 and can grow in pH 5.0-10.0.
# Tesselschade-Arbeid Adelt

The Tesselschade-Arbeid Adelt (TAA) is a Dutch women's rights organization. Founded in 1871 under the name Algemeene Vrouwenvereeniging Arbeid Adelt, it was the first nationwide women's organisation in the Netherlands, and the eldest still operating. It split into the Arbeid Adelt (AA) and Tesselschade in 1872, but reunified into the Tesselschade-Arbeid Adelt in 1947.

## History
### Origin

In 1870 women had started to craft and sell products for the Red Cross. Betsy Perk saw this as an opportunity to encourage more women to sell their work.

### Arbeid Adelt

Betsy Perk founded Algemeene Vrouwenvereeniging Arbeid Adelt, commonly known as Arbeid Adelt (AA; English: Labour Is Ennobling), in 1871. It was inspired by the debate over women's access to education and different professions, which had been initiated in the Netherlands by Mienette Storm-van der Chijs in the 1860s. The purpose of the organisation was to work for more access to education and professions for women, and to actively support women to support themselves professionally.
In October 1871 she founded the Algemeen Nederlandsche Vrouwenvereeniging Arbeid Adelt (General Dutch Women's Association Arbeid Adelt) along with its own magazine, Onze Roeping (Our Calling). The association mostly focused their efforts on unmarried women from the higher classes. In December 1871, an exhibition was organised in Delft where women's crafts could be bought. The names of the makers were presented along the items, which was a new phenomenon and was meant to highlight the fact that these women were also craftspeople willing to make profit. The exhibition became successful and was even visited by the Dutch Queen Sophie of Württemberg, who became a patron of the association.

### Tesselschade

In April 1872, the organisation split, and Anna Wolterbeek, Jeltje de Bosch Kemper and Louise Wijnaendt formed their own group, named Tesselschade after Maria Tesselschade Visscher.
In April 1872 a fight between board members caused a split within the association. Part of the members decided to found the Vereniging Tesselschade, named after Maria Tesselschade Roemers Visscher. This organisation wished to focus more on the support of less-well-off women, who were allowed to sell their works anonymously. This was contrary to what Betsy Perk stood for, as she wanted wealthier women to make a name for themselves by selling products under their own names.
The Tesselschade organized the famous Nationale Tentoonstelling van Vrouwenarbeid 1898.

### Tesselschade-Arbeid Adelt

Both associations decided to join forces again in 1947, after a successful exhibition on needlework. Due to discussions about organisational issues the groups did not actually fuse until 1953. From then on, the association became known as Tesselschade-Arbeid Adelt (TAA), and still exists today. TAA, among other activities, has several shops throughout the Netherlands where women can sell their articles. The association also has two funds, one for female students (the Betsy Perk-Opleidingsfonds) and one for (retired) craftswomen who cannot support themselves anymore (the Zegers Veeckenfonds).
# Terry Morrison (academic)

Terry Morrison was the fourth President of Athabasca University from 1985 to 1995. He went on to work for the Asia Development Bank Institute.
# Textile Society of America

The Textile Society of America (TSA) was founded in 1987 as an international non-profit educational organization for sharing and disseminating information about textiles and fiber media. The society sponsors a bi-annual conference where juried papers are presented on artistic, cultural, economic, historic, social and technical perspectives on textiles from around the world.

## History

Textile Society of America is a membership organization, governed by a volunteer board of directors from museums and universities in North America and administered by a small staff. Its approximately 700 members include curators, educators, historians, independent scholars, artists, journalists, students, dealers and collectors. Membership includes access to symposium proceedings along with a newsletter, membership directory and textile bibliography.