OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tucker v. State

Tucker v. State of Indiana, 218 Ind. 614, 35 NE2d 270 (1941), was a landmark decision case by the Indiana Supreme Court that ruled that the Governor of Indiana is the chief executive of the State of Indiana and that the Indiana General Assembly has no authority to delegate or regulate authority that was granted to that office by the Constitution of Indiana. Until the decision by the court, it was held by the General Assembly that it could delegate and revoke executive authority at will.

## Background

The state of Indiana has historically had a weak executive branch and a strong legislature, from its original state constitution and the restrictions placed on the office by the anti-governor faction in the constitutional convention, which resented the powers of the territorial governors. The governorship remained a weak position until the American Civil War, when the governor suppressed the legislature and took on unconstitutional powers. In the years after the war, the legislature removed much of the authority and greatly weakened his position, by placing regulations on the office and removing its authority to appoint state officers and hire public employees.
The situation continued until 1933, when the Democratic-controlled legislature passed the Executive Reorganization Act to grant to governor expansive powers over the burgeoning Great Depression government bureaucracy. When Republicans resumed power in 1941, they immediately repealed the act and put in place the State Administration Act of 1941 to return the governor to his pre-Depression level of power. The act reorganized the government into five departments, under the control of commissioners.

## Case

Democratic Governor Henry F. Schricker filed a suit against the law after its passage and was able to have the law stayed. Republican Indiana Secretary of State James M. Tucker filed a countersuit claiming the circuit courts had no authority to stay an act of the legislature and appealed the decision to the Indiana Supreme Court.

## Decision

The court at that time had four Democrats and one Republican. The court ruled in favor of the governor in a 4-1 decision, along straight party lines. It decided that the governor is in fact the chief executive of the state, and the legislature could not revoke his powers or delegate them if they were expressly granted to him in the state constitution.

## Significance

The decision was noted because until then, the legislature had freely regulated the powers of the governor. The court created, for the first time, a legal basis for the governor to assume power in areas previously delegated to other officials. The decision remains an important factor in the state’s patronage system.
* Indiana portal
# Æthelwine (bishop of Durham)

Æthelwine (died c. 1072) was the last Anglo-Saxon bishop of Durham, the last who was not also a secular ruler, and the only English bishop at the time of the Norman Conquest who did not remain loyal to King William the Conqueror.

## Life

Æthelwine was consecrated bishop in 1056. He was installed as bishop by Tostig, the Earl of Northumbria and was the choice of King Edward the Confessor. Æthelwine was the brother of the previous bishop, Æthelric, who had been forced to resign after a financial scandal. In 1059, Æthelwine, along with Tostig and Cynesige, the Archbishop of York, accompanied King Malcolm III of Scotland to King Edward's court, where Malcolm may have acknowledged Edward as Malcolm's overlord. Æthelwine oversaw the translation of the relics of the saint Oswine of Deira to Durham in 1065. Æthelwine, like his brother, was unpopular with the clergy of his cathedral, mainly because he was an outsider and had been installed in office without any input from the cathedral chapter. In 1065, the monks of Æthelwine's cathedral chapter were leaders in the revolt against Tostig, which was successful, although Æthelwine remained as bishop.
Æthelwine was initially loyal to King William after the Norman Conquest, and in the summer of 1068 he submitted to William at York. The submission followed on the heels of William building the first castle at York and receiving the submission of most of the northern thegns. Æthelwine also brought word from King Malcolm that the Scottish king wished to live in peace with the new English king. King William sent Æthelwine back to Malcolm's court with William's terms, which were accepted. In 1069, when the new earl of Northumbria Robert de Comines came north to begin governing, it was Æthelwine who warned the new earl about an English army loose in the area. Unfortunately, the new earl did not pay heed to the warning, and was surprised and burned to death in the bishop's house on 29 January 1069. When King William marched north in retaliation on the scorched earth campaign generally known as the Harrying of the North, Æthelwine tried to flee with many Northumbrian treasures (including the body of Saint Cuthbert) to Lindisfarne, but he was caught, outlawed, imprisoned, and later died in confinement in the winter of 1071–1072; his see being temporarily left vacant until William appointed the native of Lorraine Walcher.
# Wilerhorn (Bernese Alps)

The Wilerhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Wiler and in the canton of Valais. It lies west of the Bietschhorn, on the range separating the Lötschental from the main Rhone valley. It should not be confused with the Wilerhorn that is in the canton of Bern but the Emmental Alps.
# Yomtov Garti

Yomtov Bonjour Garti (2 September 1915 – 21 February 2011) was a Turkish mathematician and a teacher of mathematics, physics and cosmography in Istanbul, Turkey.

## Life

Yomtov Garti was born in Kadıköy, at the Asian part of Istanbul (Ottoman Empire, later to become Turkey). His father Maer Garti was a veterinarian doctor, who died in the typhus epidemics during the World War I, while serving in the Ottoman Army. Yomtov Garti was educated at the French high school Lycée Saint-Joseph, Istanbul . After graduating from the Department of Mathematics and Physics of Istanbul University, he was approached by the famous mathematician Richard Edler von Mises, who was then located in Istanbul and proposed him a PhD position. Garti's PhD was on statistics and probability theory tutored by Richard Edler von Mises and William Prager.
Yomtov Garti received his PhD in 1939, as the first PhD student of von Mises and third PhD of Turkey. He later published his findings in an article (Garti, 1940), which is a generalization of initial distributions to n dimensions published in(cited in). Garti served as an assistant for a summer to Harry Dember, a professor in the Institute of Applied Physics in Istanbul. After receiving his doctoral degree in 1939, he started to teach at famous high schools in Istanbul. In 1954, he presented an article to Richard von Mises in a book published in his honor. Yomtov Garti continued teaching until age 92. He died, at the age of 96 in 2011. All main newspapers of Turkey announced the loss of “The teacher of teachers”. At his funeral, the several generations of students overfilled the Hemdat Israel Synagogue at Kadıköy, Istanbul.

## Career

Yomtov Garti became a renowned mathematics teacher in Istanbul. He thought mathematics and physics to thousands of students over six decades, in several famous schools, namely Galatasary High School (Galatasaray Lisesi), Haydarpaşa High School, Lycee Saint-Joseph Istanbul, and Notre Dame de Sion Lisesi. He also thought in Musevi Lisesi and Boğaziçi Üniversity. Yomtov Garti was rewarded the title of “Chevalier” of “Ordre des Palmes Academiques” by the French Government in recognition of his educational work in French schools in Turkey.

## Publications

* Garti, Y., 1940. Les lois de probabilité pour les fonctions statistiques (cas de collectifs à plusieurs dimensions). Revue Mathématique de l’Union Interbalkanique 3, 21–39.
* Garti Y, Consoli T. 1954. Sur la densite de probabilite du produit de variables aleatoires de Pearson du type III. In: Studies in mathematics and mechanics presented to Richard von Mises. Academic Press, New York. pp 301–309.
# St Nicholas Church, Burton

St Nicholas Church is in the village of Burton, Ellesmere Port and Neston, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the deanery of Wirral South. Its benefice is combined with that of St Michael, Shotwick.

## History

Relics of an earlier church dating from the 12th century consist of Norman stones which have been dug up in the churchyard and are now preserved in the porch and beneath the tower. Apart from the Massey chapel which was erected in 1380, the present church was built in 1721. The chancel was rebuilt in 1870.

## Architecture
### Exterior

The church stands in an elevated position above the houses of the village and is approached through Georgian gate posts. It is built in red sandstone with grey slate roofs. The plan of the church consists of a west tower, a four-bay nave which is continuous with a two-bay chancel, a north aisle and a vestry to the northeast of the aisle. At the east end of the aisle is the Massey chapel. The tower is in four stages. Doors are on the north and south faces. Above the south door is a semicircular-headed window and above this a clock with a single hand. The belfry windows are louvred. At the top of the tower is a cornice and a solid parapet. Externally on the south side, between the nave and chancel, is a multi-stepped buttress. Built into one of the walls of the tower is a coffin lid dating from the 13th century which is decorated with a foliated cross.

### Interior

The font is massive and plain with a Gothic oak cover. The altar rails are Jacobean and consist of alternate twisted and turned balusters. The sanctuary chair dates from the reign of Charles II. The stained glass in the east window of the chancel is by Kempe. One of the Massey memorials is in marble and dated 1579, the other is in alabaster and dated 1794. In the church is a hatchment bearing the arms of the Congreve family and other memorials to this family. The memorial to Richard Congreve who died in 1820 is by S. Gibson and includes a weeping putto. The organ was built around 1935 by the John Compton Organ Co and renovated in 1985 by Rushworth and Dreaper. There is a ring of six bells. Five of these were cast by Rudhall of Gloucester in 1724 and the other bell, dated 1896, is by John Taylor and Company. The parish registers start in 1538.

## External features

In the churchyard is a group of 18 chest tombs, and a group of eight raised grave slabs, which are listed Grade II. Also listed Grade II is a red sandstone sundial from the 18th century. It consists of a vase-shaped pillar on a square pedestal standing on a square base slab. Also in the churchyard is the war grave of a First World War soldier of the Royal Engineers.
# Nicole Brewer

Nicole Brewer (born April 15, 1983) is an American news reporter. She is a former Miss Pennsylvania from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

## Early life, beauty pageant contestant and education

Brewer was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As a junior and senior in college, Nicole Brewer won two local pageant titles, including Miss Central Pennsylvania 2004 and Miss Allegheny Valley 2005. In her second attempt at the state title, she won the Miss Pennsylvania 2005 title on July 2, 2005, in Nazareth, Pennsylvania. On January 21, 2006, Brewer competed in the nationally televised Miss America pageant, making it into the top ten final contestants, getting beat out by eventual winner Jennifer Berry of Oklahoma.
Brewer graduated from Marple Newtown Senior High School, in 2001 and Millersville University of Pennsylvania in 2005, graduating with a B.S magna cum laude in speech communications. During her college years, Brewer was president of the National Broadcasting Society. She also served as business manager for the university cable station.

## Career

Brewer interned at WGAL-TV in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and worked as a special assignment reporter for a community access cable television station in Greeley, Colorado. She joined CBS 3’s Eyewitness News team on April 1, 2008 as the first local TV reporter who was reporting primarily for a website, CBS3.com, and as a contributor to Wake Up News on The CW Philly. Before joining CBS 3, Brewer had been a feature reporter and producer for the nightly news magazine Tempo at WLVT-TV, the PBS station in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. She won a 2008 Mid-Atlantic Emmy Award for her feature report for the Tempo episode "Kids and Gangs". She was also nominated by the Associated Press in 2009 for her feature, "Parents on Facebook". She has been a volunteer for the Big Brothers Big Sisters of America organization.
Brewer then became anchor for the weekend morning newscasts on CBS 3 and was weekday reporter for the station's morning shows. In June, 2018, after a decade on air, she left her job at the station saying she wanted to spend more time with her family.
# Sineh-ye Ghaz

Sineh-ye Ghaz (Persian: سينه غاز, also Romanized as Sīnh-ye Ghāz; also known as Sina Khwār, Sīneh Kherār, Sīneh Khrār, and Sīneh-ye Khvār) is a village in Dehaj Rural District, Dehaj District, Shahr-e Babak County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 44, in 13 families.
# Ruyuan (abbess)

Ruyuan (Chinese: 如願, 700-775 CE) was a Chinese Buddhist abbess and master, lüshi.
She was a member of the Li family of Longxi, one of the five most important families under the Tang dynasty. She became a novice at the age of nine, a nun at twenty, and an abbess at the temple convent of Zhenhua Temple (真化寺) in Chang'an. She was a master within the Chan Buddhism and famed as a lecturer and organizer of religious rituals with a great circle of followers. She was favored by Emperor Daizong of Tang, who enlisted her to officiate at religious ceremonies at court and give lessons to his empress, wives and concubines. In particular, Ruyuan was noted as the teacher of Consort Dugu.
# Stilbosis lonchocarpella

Stilbosis lonchocarpella is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by August Busck in 1934. It is found in Cuba and mainland North America, where it has been recorded from Florida.
The wingspan is about 8 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from December to April.
Larvae have been recorded feeding on Lonchocarpus sericeus.
# Polygrammodes uniflexalis

Polygrammodes uniflexalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1903. It is found in Ecuador.
# William Black (footballer)

William Black (5 September 1882 – 7 February 1960) was a Scottish footballer who played for Queen's Park, Celtic (winning the Scottish Football League title in his sole season with the club, 1904–05, but suffering a bad injury), Everton Dumbarton, Kilmarnock, Hamilton Academical and Airdrieonians. He was born on the Isle of Mull but spent most of his life living in Motherwell.
# Sally Walker

Sally Walker may refer to:
* Sally Walker (academic), Australian academic
* Sally Walker (song), by Iggy Azalea, 2019
* Sally M. Walker, American author
* Sally W. Walker, American politician
# Judge Taylor

Judge Taylor may refer to:
* Alan Taylor (British judge) (born 1939), Circuit Judge on the Midland Circuit
* Anna Diggs Taylor (1932–2017), judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
* Fredrick Monroe Taylor (1901–1988), judge of the United States District Court for the District of Idaho
* Gary L. Taylor (born 1938), judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California
* George Caldwell Taylor (1885–1952), judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee
* George Keith Taylor (1769–1815), judge of the United States Circuit Court for the Fourth Circuit
* Robert Love Taylor (judge) (1899–1987), judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee
* Robert Walker Tayler (1852–1910), judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
* William McLaughlin Taylor Jr. (1909–1985), judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas
# Staniel Cay Airport

Staniel Cay Airport (IATA: TYM, ICAO: MYES) is an airport serving Staniel Cay, one of the Exuma Islands in The Bahamas.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 5 ft (1.5 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 17/35 with an asphalt surface measuring 924 m × 23 m (3,031 ft × 75 ft).

## Airport

The airport has three private hangars and one runway. Titan Air, Flamingo Air and Makers Air have offices at the airport. It serves Staniel Cay and the surrounding Exuma Cays.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Flamingo Air | Nassau |
# Niels Hertzberg (handball)

Niels Christian Hertzberg (16 January 1941 - 1 March 2013) was the Norwegian sports official.
He was the secretary-general of the Norwegian Handball Federation from 1984 to 2003. He was credited as having the strongest influence on the development of the Norwegian Handball Federation. He was also married to former national team coach for women, Marit Breivik. He died in March 2013 in their vacation home in Brazil, most probably from a fall accident.
# Simonellini

Simonellini is a tribe of spiders belonging to the Amycoida clade of the subfamily Salticinae of the family Salticidae. The group has been treated at a variety of formal and informal ranks, with different circumscriptions, including as the subfamilies Synemosyninae and Simonellinae. Its species mimic ants and beetles.

## Description

The tribe contains three genera of ant mimics, including the genus Synemosyna, whose species mimic the ant Pseudomyrmex. It also contains the genus Cylistella, whose species mimic beetles. The monophyly of the tribe has been demonstrated in molecular phylogenetic studies, but morphological synapomorphies have not been identified.

## Taxonomy

The group was first named by Peckham, Peckham & Wheeler in 1889. It was one of three groups they placed within the subfamily now called Lyssomaninae and then only included the genus Simonella, now recognized as a junior synonym of Synemosyna. At various times it was elevated to a subfamily, either as Synemosyninae or Simonellinae. In Maddison's 2015 classification of the Salticidae, it is treated as tribe.

### Genera

The tribe includes four genera:
* Cylistella Simon, 1901
* Erica Peckham & Peckham, 1892
* Fluda Peckham & Peckham, 1892
* Synemosyna Hentz, 1846
# Woodrow Wilson (disambiguation)

Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924) was the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921.
Woodrow Wilson may also refer to:
* Woodrow Wilson "Woody" Guthrie (1912–1967), American folk singer
* Woodrow Wilson (Nevada politician) (1915–1999), Member of the Nevada Assembly from the 4th district
* Woodrow Wilson (baseball) (1916–1965), American Negro leagues baseball player
* John Woodrow Wilson (1922–2015), American artist
* Woodie Wilson (1925–1994), American stock car racing driver
* Robert Woodrow Wilson (born 1936), American astronomer
# Stewart Alexander (disambiguation)

Stewart Alexander (born 1951) is an American politician.
Stewart Alexander may also refer to:
* Stewart Francis Alexander (1914-1991), American doctor and expert on chemical warfare
* Skip Alexander (1918–1997), American professional golfer
* Stewart Alexander (actor) in Renaissance of the Daleks
# Tundian station

Tundian Station (Chinese: 屯佃站; pinyin: Túndiàn Zhàn) is a station on the Line 16 of the Beijing Subway. This station opened in December 2016.
This station will feature a 3-storey automatic park and ride system, thus becoming the first Beijing Subway station to equip an automatic parking system.

## Station layout

The station has an underground island platform.

## Exits

There are 3 exits, lettered A, C, and D. Exit C is accessible.

## Transport connections
### Rail

Schedule as of December 2016:
| Destination | First Train | Last Train |
| Line 16 |||||
| to Bei'anhe | 6.20am | 11.15pm |
| to Xiyuan | 5.35am | 10.40pm |
# Çömlekçi, Çaycuma

Çömlekçi is a village in Çaycuma District, Zonguldak Province, Turkey. Its population is 642 (2022).
# William Cameron (explorer)

William Cameron (1833-1886) FGS, FRGS was the explorer whose name is commemorated in the Cameron Highlands.
Brother of John Cameron, of Singapore, William was born in Glasgow, educated at its High School, and first worked there as an accountant. He emigrated to Australia, where he studied geology and the goldfields before returning to Scotland where he reported on the gold discovered at Kildonan, Sutherland. From discussions with miners he wrote reports for the North British Daily Mail which led to a Royal Commission on the Truck Acts. He then went to report as a war correspondent with the French army on the Franco-German War, but was arrested as a spy, condemned to death, and only freed after strenuous diplomatic representations. For a time, he then worked in finance in London. He then went to Singapore where his brother was proprietor of the Straits Times. Around 1880 he went surveying alone in Pahang, and later in Selangor and Perak. His 'practical knowledge of mineralogy and geology' and 'love of exploring' ultimately led to his being given the honorary title of 'Government Explorer and Geologist' in the Straits Settlements in 1885.
He was married, and had several children.
He died at Parsee Lodge, Singapore on 20 November 1886.
# Saint-Ours, Puy-de-Dôme

Saint-Ours (French pronunciation:; Auvergnat: Sent Ors) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France.