OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vuktyl

Vuktyl (Russian: Вукты́л, Komi: Вуктыл) is a town in the Komi Republic, Russia, located on the right bank of the Pechora River near its confluence with the Vuktyl River [ru], 575 kilometers (357 mi) northeast of Syktyvkar, the capital of the republic. Population: 12,356 (2010 Census); 14,472 (2002 Census); 19,330 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

It was founded in 1968 and granted town status in 1989. A major oil pipeline runs from Vuktyl to Ukhta to Torzhok.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the town of Vuktyl is, together with four rural-type settlement administrative territories (comprising ten rural localities), incorporated as the town of republic significance of Vuktyl—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Vuktyl is incorporated as Vuktyl Municipal District; the town of Vuktyl is incorporated within it as Vuktyl Urban Settlement. The four rural-type settlement administrative territories are incorporated into four rural settlements within the municipal district.

## Transportation

The town is served by the Vuktyl Airport.
# Rukhsaar (TV series)

Rukhsaar (Urdu: رُخسار lit: Cheek/taste) is a Pakistani family drama series, produced by Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi under their production banner 7th Sky Entertainment. The drama aired weekly on Geo Entertainment every Monday from 9 December 2013. It stars Sumbul Iqbal, Agha Ali, Ushna Shah and Imran Aslam in lead roles.

## Cast

* Sumbul Iqbal as Rukhsaar
* Ushna Shah as Mahrukh
* Agha Ali as Amaar
* Imran Aslam as Zaheer
* Babar Khan as Faizan "Faizi"
* Shehryar Zaidi as Rukhsaar's father
* Farah Nadeem as Sabia
* Sana Khan as Sara
* Moomal Khalid as Hira
* Saba Faisal as Fahida
* Noshaba Javed
* Sarah Razi
* Mohsin Gillani
* Tabbasum Arif as Mahrukh's mother
# Yiddishkeit (disambiguation)

Yiddishkeit is the Yiddish word for 'Jewishness' (Yiddish: ייִדישקײט) and refers to concepts of cultural identity among Ashkenazi Jews.
Yiddishkeit, Yiddishkeyt or Yiddishkayt may also mean:
* Yiddishkeit (TV series), a Russian program on Jewish topics
* Yiddishkayt (organization), a cultural and educational organization in Los Angeles
# Westlake Station

Westlake Station or West Lake station may refer to:
* West Lake station (Changchun Rail Transit), a metro rail station in Luyuan District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
* West Lake station (MARTA), a metro rail station in Atlanta, Georgia, United States
* West Lake Street station, an under construction light rail and bus rapid transit station in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
* Westlake station (Sound Transit), a light rail and bus station in Seattle, Washington, United States
* Westlake/MacArthur Park station, a subway station in Los Angeles, California, United States
# R408 (South Africa)

The R408 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Engcobo with Qora Mouth via Dutywa.
# Ramesh Narayan (astrophysicist)

Ramesh Narayan (born in Mumbai, India, in 1950) is an Indian-American theoretical astrophysicist, currently the Thomas Dudley Cabot Professor of the Natural Sciences in the Department of Astronomy at Harvard University. Full member of the National Academy of Sciences, Ramesh Narayan is widely known for his contributions on the theory of black hole accretion processes. He is involved in the Event Horizon Telescope project, which led in 2019 to the first image of the event horizon of a black hole.

## Education and career path

Ramesh Narayan received a B.Sc. in Physics from Madras University and a Ph.D. from Bangalore University in 1979. After his studies, he spent several years as a postdoctoral researcher at the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore. Later on, he moved to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1983, where he eventually became a senior research fellow. After six years as a faculty member at the University of Arizona, he moved to Harvard University in 1991, where he is currently the Thomas Dudley Cabot Professor of Natural Sciences at the Astronomy Department, which he chaired between 1997-2001. He served on the Physical Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize from 2011 to 2014.

## Fellowships

Ramesh Narayan is currently a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, a fellow of the Royal Society of London, a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a fellow of the World Academy of Sciences.

## Scientific contributions

Ramesh Narayan is widely known for his broad contributions to theoretical astrophysics, specifically to high-energy astrophysics. He wrote landmark studies on gamma-ray bursts, accretion disks, black holes, gravitational lensing and neutron stars. He is well known for his works on numerical simulations on accretion flows around supermassive black holes and the possibility of forming jets, via the Blandford–Znajek process. He significantly improved GRRMHD codes to perform numerical simulations, which handle General Relativistic (GR), Radiative (R), and MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) physics.
# Timothy Ryan (newspaper publisher)

Timothy E. Ryan (born 20th century) is an American newspaper publisher and businessman. In 2015, Ryan was named publisher and chief executive officer of the Los Angeles Times and The San Diego Union-Tribune. Prior to his position with The Los Angeles Times, beginning in 2007, he served as publisher and chief executive officer of The Baltimore Sun.

## Early life and education

Ryan earned a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Notre Dame in 1981 and an MBA from Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management in 1991.

## Career

Ryan began his career at the Chicago Tribune and was later vice president of circulation at The Philadelphia Inquirer from 1993 to 2000. He served as vice president of circulation and operations at The Baltimore Sun from 2000 to 2005. He worked as vice president of circulation and consumer marketing at the Chicago Tribune from 2005 to 2007.
Ryan served as publisher and chief executive officer of The Baltimore Sun from 2007 to 2015. At the time, The Baltimore Sun described him as "...very engaged in the news. He's a news junkie... [In his previous role as circulation director] he obviously wanted to sell newspapers, but it was way beyond that. It seemed to be a passion of his." In 2010, he was named publisher and chief executive officer of The Morning Call Media Group (MCMG) in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania.
In 2015, Ryan was named publisher of the Los Angeles Times and The San Diego Union-Tribune. In 2016, he was promoted to president of publishing, where he was responsible for all Tribune Publishing's newspapers and related websites including the Los Angeles Times, The San Diego Union-Tribune, The Chicago Tribune, The Baltimore Sun, The Morning Call, and the Orlando Sentinel. He departed Tribune Publishing in 2017.
# Retrospectively rated insurance

Retrospectively rated insurance is a type of insurance that uses retrospective rating: a method of establishing a premium on large commercial accounts. The final premium is based on the insured's actual loss experience during the policy term, sometimes subject to a minimum and maximum premium, with the final premium determined by a formula.
Under this plan, the current year's premium is based partially (or wholly) on the current year's losses, although the premium adjustments may take months or years beyond the current year's expiration date. The rating formula is guaranteed in the insurance contract.
Formula: retrospective premium = (converted loss + basic premium) × tax multiplier. Numerous variations of this formula have been developed and are in use.
In Washington, retrospective rating is used by the Department of Labor & Industries to create an incentive for improving workplace safety and lowering the cost of workers' compensation claims.
# W. W. Hansen

William Webster Hansen (May 27, 1909 – May 23, 1949) was an American physicist and professor. He was one of the founders of the technology of microwave electronics.

## Biography

Hansen's father William G Hansen, who was a son of immigrants from Denmark, was a hardware store owner in Fresno, California. He encouraged his son's early talent in mathematics and enthusiasm for electronics. He entered Stanford University at the age of 16, earning his B.A. in 1929 and his Ph.D. in 1933.
Hansen went on to become interested in the problem of accelerating electrons for X-ray experiments, using oscillating fields, rather than large static voltages. At the University of California, Berkeley, Ernest Lawrence and his assistant David H. Sloan, had worked on an accelerator driven by a resonant coil. Hansen proposed replacing the coil with a cavity resonator. In 1937, brothers Russel H. Varian and Sigurd F. Varian came to Stanford to work on the foundations of what was to become radar. Hansen exploited some of the Varian's work to develop the klystron and during the years 1937 to 1940, along with collaborators such as John R. Woodyard, founded the field of microwave electronics. In 1941, he moved his team to the Sperry Gyroscope Company where they spent the war years employing their expertise in radar applications and in other problems.
Returning to Stanford in 1945 as a full professor, he embarked on the construction of a series of linear accelerators based on klystron technology and of GeV performance. Along with the Varian brothers and Edward Ginzton, he co-founded Varian Associates in 1948. Sadly, he was never to see the completion of the klystron project. He died at age 39 in Palo Alto, California of berylliosis and fibrosis of the lungs, caused by inhaling the beryllium used in his research. In 1947, the Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory (HEPL) was founded as a facility at Stanford University. The facility is designed to promote interdisciplinary enterprises across different branches of science and was named in his honor.

## Personal life

In October 1938, William Webster Hansen married Betsy Ross, who was the younger daughter of Perley Ason Ross, professor of physics at Stanford. Shortly after his death Betsy committed suicide. Their only child had died six months after his birth during the fall of 1947.

## Honors

* IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award of the Institute of Radio Engineers (1944)
* President's Certificate of Merit (1948)
* Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1949)
# Oud (disambiguation)

The oud is a musical instrument.
Oud or OUD may also refer to:
* Agarwood, a perfume or incense material
* OUD, a registered trademark of the Orthodox Union for identifying kosher products that contain dairy
* Oxford Universal Dictionary, American name for an edition of the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
* Opioid use disorder
* Angads Airport, by IATA code
* Jacobus Oud (1890–1963), Dutch architect
* Pieter Oud (1886–1964), Dutch politician
# Yo-kai Exercise No. 2

"Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" (Japanese: ようかい体操第二, Hepburn: Yōkai Taisō Dai-ni) is the 14th and final single by Japanese co-ed group Dream5. Released as a single on June 17, 2015, "Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" is the fourth Japanese ending theme to the 2014 Yo-kai Watch TV-series, succeeding "Don-Don-Dooby-Zoo-Bah!", also by Dream5, and preceding "Space Dance!" by Kotori with Stitch Bird.

## Background and release

"Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" acts as a sequel to Dream5's 12th single, "Yo-kai Exercise No. 1", which was also used as an ending theme to the Yo-kai Watch TV-series. Due to "Yo-kai Exercise No. 1" being "a hit", multiple Dream5 members stated that they felt pressured to make "Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" a good follow-up. The song was choreographed by Lucky Ikeda, who had previously choreographed multiple other songs for the Yo-kai Watch series, such as "Gera Gera Po" and "Don-Don-Dooby-Zoo-Bah!". According to Dream5 member Kotori Shigemoto, Ikeda based the choreography on the song's lyrics.
"Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" was first shown at the Level-5 Vision event on April 7, 2015, where it was performed live by Dream5. The song later debuted in the Yo-kai Watch TV-series as the new ending theme in episode 68, aired May 8, 2015. On the same day, a short version of the song was uploaded to YouTube by Avex Trax. The song was released as a CD and DVD later on June 17, under the FRAME label.
In December 2015, "Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" appeared as one of the 10 songs in Yo-kai Watch Dance: Just Dance Special Version.

## Chart performance

"Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" made nine appearances on the weekly Oricon Singles Chart, where it peaked at number 4. The song debuted on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart at number 47 for the week of July 4, 2015, before dropping to number 100 and leaving the chart in the following two weeks. "Yo-kai Exercise No. 2" also appeared on the Billboard Japan Hot Animation chart, where it peaked at number 7.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the CD and DVD release of "Yo-kai Exercise No. 2".
* Takashi Takagi – producer
* Dream5 – vocals
* Lucky Ikeda – music video producer, choreography
* Kenichiro Kimura – coordination
# R409 road (Ireland)

The R409 road is a regional road in Ireland that passes through the village of Caragh in County Kildare. It starts at Naas and travels north-west through Caragh village, passes Mondello Park race-track and ends at the intersection with the R403 road. The route is 13 km (8.1 mi) long.
# Vertical volute spring suspension

The vertical volute spring suspension system is a type of vehicle suspension system which uses volute springs to compensate for surface irregularities. This type of the suspension system was mainly fitted on US and Italian tanks and armored fighting vehicles starting from throughout the 1930s up until after the end of the Second World War in 1945.

## Principle

The horizontal arms connected to the road wheels are cranks that drive the vertical arm up and down. The vertical arm connects to the volute spring in the box-shaped area above.

## Development

During the 1930s, many innovations in the components of light tanks would make US tanks considerably more reliable. These included rubber-bushed tracks, rear mounted radial engines and the vertical volute spring suspension.
A volute spring is a compression spring in the form of a cone (a volute). Under compression the coils slide over each other, affording a long travel. The result is more stable and powerful than any leaf, coil, or torsion bar spring in the same volume. Mounted vertically in a road wheel bogie for a pair of road wheels on a tank made a very compact unit.
The suspension was developed in 1933 by Harry Knox, better known for his Knox Automobile Company, and was first tested on T2E1 light tank prototype in 1934.
The Rock Island Arsenal produced a small tank for the cavalry which used vertical volute spring suspension instead of leaf spring suspension. Standardized as the M1 Combat Car, it entered service with the US Army in 1937. The design was used in the M2 light tank and subsequent Stuart tank series. Design features of the Stuart were scaled up for use in the first M2 medium tanks which would evolve into the more successful M3 Lee and M4 Sherman, all using the VVSS.

## Replacement

Battle experience showed that the service life of the original vertical volute spring suspension (VVSS) of the late model M4 was shortening due to the tank's increasing combat weight with larger guns and heavier armor. Beginning in mid-1944, M4A3 models of the Sherman adopted a newly developed Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension (HVSS).

### Horizontal volute spring suspension

This type of a suspension system involved springing the pair of dual-mounted road wheels on each bogie against each other with a volute spring. First tried by Harry Knox on the Light Tank T6 project in 1938, it was essentially a version of the British Horstmann suspension that replaced the Horstmann's coil spring with a pair of volute springs.
When the horizontally-affixed volute springs were placed in compression by either the front or the rear bogie wheel arm, the pressure from the load was transmitted onto the opposite arm, thus helping to maintain tension on the tracks. Compared to the VVSS system which it replaced on the M4, the HVSS system was heavier and stronger and allowed the changing of individual wheels aside from increasing wheel travel space.
# Tinadysderina

Tinadysderina is a genus of spiders in the family Oonopidae. It was first described in 2013 by Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo. As of 2017, it contains 6 species from Colombia and Ecuador.

## Species

Tinadysderina comprises the following species:
* Tinadysderina bremen Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo, 2013
* Tinadysderina gorgona Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo, 2013
* Tinadysderina otonga Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo, 2013
* Tinadysderina pereira Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo, 2013
* Tinadysderina planada Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo, 2013
* Tinadysderina tinalandia Platnick, Berniker & Bonaldo, 2013
# Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas

The Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas is a triannual peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by the National Autonomous University of Mexico, Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, Instituto Nacional de Geoquímica, and Sociedad Mexicana de Paleontología. It covers the field of geology and related Earth sciences, primarily on issues that are relevant to Latin America and Mexico. It was established in 1976 and the editors-in-chief are Angel F. Nieto Samaniego and Peter Schaaf (National Autonomous University of Mexico).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences
* GeoRef
* Latindex
* Redalyc
* SCIELO
* Science Citation Index Expanded
* Scopus
* The Zoological Record
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 0.815.
# Oud Beersel

Oud Beersel is a Belgian lambic brewery. It is a member of HORAL, whose main event is Toer De Geuze every two years.

## History

Oud Beersel is an artisanal lambic brewery, based in Beersel and founded in 1882 by Henri Vandervelden. His son Louis, and then his grandson Henri, subsequently took over. In 1991, it was taken over by Henri's nephew Danny Draps. In 2002, the brewing activities were stopped, due to financial problems.
In 2005, driven by an interest in reviving the artisanal Oud Beersel kriek and geuze, two young men, Gert Christiaens and Roland De Bus, restarted the brewery. In order to finance the relaunch, the brewery is selling two beers called Bersalis Tripel and Bersalis Kadet, which are not lambic-based beers and are actually made by another brewery (the Huyghe Brewery in Melle). Bersalis is the old middle age name of the town of Beersel. Roland left the brewery after a few years.
In January 2022 the old pub of the brewery called "Het Bierhuis" was reopened after substantial renovation and restoration.

## Beers

* Bersalis or Bersalis Tripel (9.5% ABV) gold yellow coloured (made at Huyghe Brewery in Melle)
* Bersalis Kadet (4.5%)
* Old Geuze (6.0%)
* Old Kriek (6.0%)
* Framboise (5.0%)
* lambic (around 5%, 1,2 or 3 year aged in wooden barrels, sold in 3,1 liters bag-in-box)

## Liqueur

* Oud Kriekske (19%, ingredients: Old Kriek 'Oud Beersel', sour cherries, alcohol, sugar) - out of production
# Phonology (Carr book)

Phonology: An Introduction is a textbook by Philip Carr and Jean-Pierre Montreuil designed for both introductory courses and advanced courses in phonology.

## Reception

The book was reviewed by Ken Lodge and Snezhina Dimitrova.
# Woman in the Wings

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Woman in the Wings is the debut solo studio album by English singer Maddy Prior, the lead vocalist of Steeleye Span. The album was released in May 1978 by Chrysalis Records. It was produced by Ian Anderson, Dee Palmer and Robin Black. All the songs on the album were written by Prior.

## Track listing

* "Woman in the Wings"
* "Cold Flame"
* "Mother and Child"
* "Gutter Geese"
* "Rollercoaster"
* "Deep Water"
* "Long Shadows"
* "I Told You So"
* "Rosettes"
* "Catseyes"
* "Baggy Pants"

## Personnel

* Maddy Prior - vocals
* Jethro Tull
** Ian Anderson - flute on track 4 and backing vocals on track 5.
** Martin Barre - guitar solo on track 2.
** John Glascock - bass on tracks 1, 7, 9, 10.
** Dee Palmer - keyboards on tracks 1, 3 and 6.
** Barriemore Barlow - drums on tracks 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10.
* Andy Roberts - guitar 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10 and 11.
* David Olney - bass on tracks 2, 4, 5, 8, 11.
* John Halsey - drums on tracks 4, 5 and 11.
* Barry Booth - piano on tracks 2 and 11.
* Bob Gill - guitar on track 8.
* Shona Anderson - backing vocals on track 10.
* Cherry Gillespie - backing vocals on track 10.
# What Do You Know? (TV series)

What Do You Know? is a children's television program first screened on the Australian children's channel ABC3 on 27 December 2010. It is hosted by Ben Crawley.
An episode of What Do You Know? was one of the lowest rating programs of the week, recording 6,000 viewers.
# RUP hump

A RUP ‘hump’ is a plot of effort spent over time during a particular Rational Unified Process (RUP) discipline. The RUP hump chart consists of a collection of humps for all RUP disciplines. This diagram was created in 1993 during a workshop on architecture and process and was inspired by work by Grady Booch and Boehm. It has been part of the Rational Objectory Process after reviews by Dyrhage and Bylund and moved on to play a more important role in the RUP in 1998 when it served as the initial page for using the digital version of the process. Its final form was published by Philippe Kruchten in 1998. An older version as later used by Jacobson, Booch and Rumbaugh and an altered version was used by Royce.
Over the years, this diagram has become increasingly connected with RUP, so that sometimes it is regarded as a logo for the process. The chart has then since been spread widely over the Internet. A known misconception about the hump chart is, that it is based on empirical assessment of actual projects rather than on Kruchten's educated guess.
   ...I always insisted that these humps were just illustrative, as well as the number and duration of iterations shown on the horizontal axis, but many people wanted to read much more meaning in that diagram than I intended. For example, a gentleman from Korea once wrote me to ask for a large original diagram to measure the heights, and ‘integrate' the area under the humps, to help him do project estimation...
Recently Werner Heijstek and Michel R.V. Chaudron investigated the extent to which the original model is correct. Their findings include data from industrial software engineering projects.
# Tmesisternus angae

Tmesisternus angae is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1984.
# Voud, Patras

Vοud (Greek: Βούδ) is a neighbourhood in the central part of the city of Patras, Greece, 1 km from the downtown. Voud is linked with Lontou Street.

## Nearest neighbourhoods

* Vlatero
* Psilalonia
* Skagiopouleio

## Voud Square

Today in the neighbourhood features Voud Square, in the area around 1850, it had a villa owned by the English grape trader Thomas William Wood (1816–1894) who moved to Patras in 1834. In the villa there are ancient artifacts and busts of Artemis (4th century BC) and Iacchos (2nd century AD), etc. The ancient council was donated by Frederick Wood in the Archeological Museum of Patras.

## Geography

It is in a hilly setting and is residential, with forests found to the north.

## History

The area were made up of farmlands until housing developments arrived in the late-19th and the early-20th centuries. It was made up of neoclassical buildings. After World War II and the Greek Civil War, they were replaced with six to eight story buildings which covers much of the area, but several neoclassical buildings remain today. Traffic lights were installed in the 1970s.