OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Neuron derived neurotrophic factor

Neuron derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF) is a secreted protein that, in humans, is located on chromosome 4. This protein helps in the growth, survival, migration, and differentiation of neurons. To assist with migration, NDNF shows neuro-repulsive effects on GnRH neurons. Loss of function (LoF) in the NDNF gene has been shown to be a cause of a disease known as congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which can have associated cleft lip and cleft palate. A preliminary study has shown that knock-down of ndnf reduces development of the ethmoid plate, which is homologous to the human palate.
# Nesameletus ornatus

Nesameletus ornatus, commonly known as the small swimming mayfly, is a species of mayfly in the Nesameletidae family. It is endemic to New Zealand. It was first described by Alfred Edwin Eaton in 1883.
# Nesamblyops

Nesamblyops is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:
* Nesamblyops oreobius (Broun, 1893)
* Nesamblyops subcaecus (Sharp, 1886)
# Neviđane

Neviđane is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D110 highway.
# New Lambton, County Durham

New Lambton is a village in County Durham, England, although the postal address is Tyne and Wear. It lies between the villages of Bournmoor and Fencehouses, and about 3 miles (5 km) east of Chester-le-Street.
# Torgrim Eggen

Torgrim Eggen (born 29 October 1958) is a Norwegian musician, journalist, magazine editor, novelist and non-fiction writer. Among his books are Gjeld from 1992 and the novel Pynt from 2000. Duften av Havana from 2002 is a cultural history of the cigar, and Manhattan from 2007 is about New York City. Eggen was awarded the Gyldendal's Endowment in 1995 (shared with Terje Holtet Larsen).

## Awards

* 2019: Brageprisen for Axel; fra smokken til Ovnen; storyen om Axel Jensen
# Winnemucca Mule Race

Winnemucca Mule Races, Show and Draft Horse Challenge is held at Winnemucca, Nevada, each spring and serves as the first leg of the American Mule Racing Association's triple crown. On June 3 and 4, 2006, the race became the first known athletic event involving animal clones. On June 3, the mule clones Idaho Gem and Idaho Star won their first races, trials for the Humboldt Futurity. In the Futurity on June 4, Idaho Gem finished fourth and Idaho Star finished seventh among the field of eight starters.
The 2011 races were cancelled because of an outbreak of Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1) in several Western states.
# Special routes of U.S. Route 4

A total of at least five special routes of U.S. Route 4 (US 4) have existed.

## Rutland business loop

U.S. Route 4 Business (US 4 Bus.) is a 4.371-mile (7.034 km) alternate route of US 4 serving the city of Rutland, Vermont, and running north of US 4. It begins at exit 6 of the US 4 expressway in West Rutland and heads north to Main Street in West Rutland center, where it meets the east end of Vermont Route 4A (VT 4A). US 4 Bus. turns east, following Main Street into the town of Rutland. In the town of Rutland, the road changes names to Rutland Road and intersects with VT 3 at the town center. About 0.3 miles (0.48 km) later, the road enters the city of Rutland, becoming West Street. US 4 Bus. briefly shifts north one block to use State Street before returning to West Street after half a mile (0.80 km). The route ends at an intersection with US 4 and US 7 in the center of the city.
# Track significance

Track significance, in high energy collision experiments, is defined as the ratio between the impact parameter of a track (distance from the primary vertex) and the estimated error in it.

## Formula

$S=a_{o}/Error(a_{o})$
# Panenská Rozsíčka

Panenská Rozsíčka (Czech pronunciation:) is a municipality and village in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

## Geography

Panenská Rozsíčka is located about 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Jihlava. It lies in the Křižanov Highlands. The highest point is the Hřeben hill at 678 m (2,224 ft) above sea level. The Moravian Thaya River originates in the northern part of the municipal territory, then flows along the eastern municipal border.

## History

The first written mention of Panenská Rozsíčka is from 1351.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 198 | — |
| 1880 | 243 | +22.7% |
| 1890 | 250 | +2.9% |
| 1900 | 247 | −1.2% |
| 1910 | 251 | +1.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 222 | −11.6% |
| 1930 | 186 | −16.2% |
| 1950 | 142 | −23.7% |
| 1961 | 130 | −8.5% |
| 1970 | 133 | +2.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 99 | −25.6% |
| 1991 | 80 | −19.2% |
| 2001 | 89 | +11.3% |
| 2011 | 152 | +70.8% |
| 2021 | 206 | +35.5% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

There are no protected cultural monuments in the municipality.
# Sophomore surge

A sophomore surge (sometimes referred to in the United Kingdom as first-term incumbency bonus) is a term used in the political science of the United States Congress that refers to an increase in votes that congressional candidates (candidates for the House of Representatives) usually receive when running for their first re-election. The phrase has been adopted in Australia by psephologist Malcolm Mackerras who is well known for his electoral pendulums.

## History

This phenomenon first started in the 1960s. As of 1998, freshman candidates running for a second term now get eight to ten percent more votes than when they were elected for their first term. (Over ninety percent of all incumbent House members are reelected.) Senate members also currently benefit from a sophomore surge, though it is to a lesser degree.
The reason for the sophomore surge is attributed to the fact that congressmen have figured out how to run personal campaigns rather than party campaigns. They make use of their free, or “franked,” mail; frequent home trips; radio and television broadcasts; and service distribution to their districts in order to create a good opinion of themselves, not their party, among their constituents.
# Thomas McGahan

Thomas McGahan (1845 – 11 December 1932) was a company chairman and member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Biography

McGahan was born in Ballynakelly, Tyrone County, to parents James McGahan and his wife Mary (née Tally) and educated at Galbally National School and Dungannon College. He arrived in Queensland on board the Golden Dream in 1863 and became a station hand at Rosenthal.
In 1868 McGahan took up a selection of sixty acres and in 1873 he expanded his property holdings to include Swan Creek in Warwick. By 1903 he was the chairman of the Warwick Farmers' Milling Company.
On 22 January 1869 McGahan married Hannah Murphy and together had four sons and one daughter. Hannah died in 1900 and in 1908 he married Annie McGladrigan (d.1934).
He died at Wynnum in 1932 and his body was taken by the Brisbane mail train to Warwick for his funeral and burial in the Warwick Cemetery.

## Political career

After being chairman of the Glengallan Divisional Board in 1894, McGahan won the seat of Cunningham in the Queensland Legislative Assembly in 1896. He held the seat for one term, losing in 1899.

## Street name

A number of street names in the Brisbane suburb of Carina Heights are identical to the surnames of former Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly. One of these is McGahan Street.
# Vexillum accinctum

Vexillum accinctum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 16 mm.
This species belongs to the group of Vexillum luculentum (Reeve, 1845) ; in colour and banding it somewhat resembles Mitra montrouzieri Tapparone-Canefri, 1874) but it is of a narrower form and the ribs are much less numerous, rounded, smooth, and in some cases almost obsolete on the body whorl. The specimens present some variation in the disposition of the colour lines and bands, but the most characteristic specimens have, as in the type, two brown lines or narrow zones in the middle of the penultimate and towards the upper part of the body whorl, with a whitish zone between.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Japan, New Caledonia and Australia; also off Mozambique.
# Tricuspidalestes

Tricuspidalestes caeruleus is a species of African tetra endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is the only member of its genus.
# Treaty of Ghilajharighat

The Treaty of Ghilajharighat, Tipam, was signed between the Ahoms and the Mughal forces led by Mir Jumla II on January 23, 1663. The treaty Mir Jumla II brought occupation of the Ahom capital, Garhgaon, to an end.

## Terms

The conditions of the treaty were as follows:
* Jayadhwaj Singha aboy to the Imperial harem.
* Twenty thousand tolas of gold, six times this quantity of silver and forty elephants to be made over at once.
* Three hundred thousand tolas of silver and ninety elephants to be supplied within twelve months.
* Six sons of the chief nobles to be made over as hostages pending compliance with the last mentioned condition.
* Twenty elephants to be supplied annually.
* The country west of the Bhareli river on the north bank of the Brahmaputra and of the Kalang river on the south to be ceded to the Emperor of Delhi.
* All prisoners and the family of the Baduli Phukan to be given up.
# Trichotria

Trichotria is a genus of rotifers belonging to the family Trichotriidae.
The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Trichotria brevidactyla Harring, 1913
* Trichotria buchneri Koste, Shiel & Tan, 1988
* Trichotria curta (Skorikov, 1914)
* Trichotria eukosmeta Myers, 1934
* Trichotria pocillum (Müller, 1776)
* Trichotria pseudocurta Koste, Shiel & Tan, 1988
* Trichotria tetractis (Ehrenberg, 1830)
* Trichotria truncata (Whitelegge, 1889)
* Trichotria zanclum Berzinš, 1982
# Trichotriidae

Trichotriidae is a family of rotifers belonging to the order Ploima.
Genera:
* Macrochaetus Perty, 1850
* Pulchritia Luo & Segers, 2013
* Trichotria Bory De St.Vincent, 1827
* Wolga Skorikov, 1903
# Trevor Hamilton

Trevor William Hamilton (born 19 June 1982) is a Northern Irish murderer from Sion Mills, County Tyrone. He abducted and murdered 65-year-old Attracta Harron, a recently retired librarian, when she was returning from Mass in Murlog, Lifford, County Donegal, on 11 December 2003. Four months earlier he had been released from prison on licence after serving half of a seven-year sentence for rape and other offences, including threats to kill; the risk he posed to the public, especially adult women, was assessed as high (level 3).
Attracta Harron's body was found on 5 April 2004, four months after she was last seen alive, hidden in a river bank less than 50 yards from Hamilton's home.
Hamilton was found guilty of her murder on 12 April 2006. The trial judge, when sentencing him on 4 August 2006, recommended that he should never be released from prison (the first time this had happened in Northern Ireland, though such sentences have been imposed on as many as 50 inmates in England and Wales). However, on 27 June 2008 the Court of Appeal instead ruled that he would have to serve 35 years before parole could be considered, meaning that he is now expected to remain in prison until at least 2040, when he would be 58.
Hamilton's crimes were the subject of a serious case review in 2006.
In autumn 2006, Hamilton was attacked and beaten by a fellow prisoner in Erne House in Maghaberry Prison. He has been held in Maghaberry since his conviction. At that time he maintained his innocence of the Harron murder.
# Trick of the Light (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Trick of the Light is the second album by English band Modern Romance. It was released in 1983 on LP and Cassette tape by WEA. A Japanese reissue on CD was released, but is long out of print. There was a European re-release in 2018 as a 24 bit remastered, expanded edition with 4 extra tracks.

## Track listing

* "High Life" (David Jaymes, John Du Prez) - 3:28
* "Don't Stop That Crazy Rhythm" (David Jaymes, John Du Prez) - 3:36
* "Best Years of Our Lives" [Album Version] (David Jaymes, Geoff Deane) - 3:45
* "Good Feelings" (David Jaymes, Robbie Jaymes) - 3:36
* "Walking in the Rain" (David Jaymes, Michael John Mullins) - 4:41
* "Let's Go" (David Jaymes) - 3:43
* "Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White" [New Version] (Louis Guglielmi, Mack David) - 3:44
* "After All This Time" (David Jaymes, Michael John Mullins, Paul Gendler, Andy Kyriacou) - 3:50
* "She's So Fine" (David Jaymes, John Du Prez) - 3:32
* "Leave Me On My Own" (David Jaymes, Michael John Mullins) - 4:09

## Chart position

* UK (1983) # 53

## Personnel

* Michael J. Mullins – vocals
* Paul Gendler – guitar
* David Jaymes – bass guitar
* Robbie Jaymes – synthesizer
* Andy Kyriacou – drums
* John Du Prez – trumpet

## Singles

* "Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White" (1982) #15
* "Best Years of Our Lives" (1982) #4
* "High Life" (1983) #8
* "Don't Stop That Crazy Rhythm" (1983) #14
* "Walking in the Rain (1983 song)" (1983) (1983) #7
* "Good Feelings" [remix] / Good Friday (1983 song) [Double A-Side] (1983) #96

## History

The album is featured in the Taschen book 1000 Covers, which showcases the most interesting vinyl covers from the 1960s to the 1990s (their single, "Don't Stop That Crazy Rhythm", shares a similar sleeve). It is the first Modern Romance album to feature lead vocalist Michael J. Mullins, who replaced Geoff Deane in 1982. The [New Version] of "Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White" (1983) features the voice of Mullins, whereas Deane provided vocals on the 7-inch vinyl (1982) version. "Cherry Pink ..." is known for the trumpet solo by band member and composer / conductor, John Du Prez. The track, "Good Feelings"', was released at Christmas (1983) as a double A-Side [remixed] along with "Good Friday", the latter being taken from the hit compilation Christmas album, Party Tonight; both single and album featured identical covers. Trick of the Light contains no less than six hit singles, five of them top-twenty, three of these top-ten, making 1983 in music Modern Romance's watershed year. Two of the album tracks – "Best Years of Our Lives" and "High Life" – featured as part of the band's farewell single, "Best Mix of Our Lives", which charted at #81 in 1985.
# Treybal

Treybal is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* František Treybal (1882–1947), Czech chess master
* Igor Treybal (born 1930), Czech sports shooter
* Karel Treybal (1885–1941), Czech chess player, brother of František
# Triplophysa zhenfengensis

Triplophysa zhenfengensis is a species of stone loach in the genus Triplophysa. It is endemic to China and first discovered in Guangxi.
# Truman Spain

Truman Foy "Big Dog" Spain (January 10, 1913 – February 12, 1968) was an American football tackle.
He played college football at Southern Methodist University and was a member of the undefeated 1935 SMU team that was recognized as the national champion. At the end of the 1935 season, Spain was selected by Grantland Rice for Collier's Weekly and by a board of coaches for Pathé News as a first-team player on the 1935 All-America college football team. He was also selected as a second-team All-American by the Associated Press.
When the 1935 SMU team was invited to play in the 1936 Rose Bowl, Spain received coverage for his good looks. One syndicated feature article compared Spain to Clark Gable under the headline: "If Movie Colony Grabs Off One Of Mustangs, It Likely Will Be Clark Gable Spain." The article noted that Spain was "all man" and reported on the reaction of women to his "rumba king" good looks: "This Spain fellow, young ladies, is definitely of the Latin type except that instead of being sleek he is as hard as ship's steel and as torrid as a foundry furnace. . . . No mere man could use the correct expression, but a co-ed said: 'His large, black eyes burn into you and make you feel that something is going to happen.'" In late January 1936, the publicity drew an offer for Spain to enter the boxing game, which he turned down. Spain said he was due a movie tryout, and "a bunged-up face wouldn't be any help in Hollywood, unless Truman wanted a gangster role." He was drafted in the fourth round of the 1936 NFL Draft.
After retiring from football, Spain worked as an oil drilling contractor in Ardmore, Oklahoma. He died in 1968 of an apparent heart attack at age 55.
# Tuamotuichthys

Tuamotuichthys is a genus of viviparous brotula that lives in the Pacific Ocean.

## Species

There are currently three recognized species in this genus:
* Tuamotuichthys bispinosus Møller, Schwarzhans & J. G. Nielsen, 2004 (Two-spined slopebrotula)
* Tuamotuichthys marshallensis J. G. Nielsen, Schwarzhans, Møller & J. E. Randall, 2006 (Marshall slopebrotula)
* Tuamotuichthys schwarzhansi J. G. Nielsen & Møller, 2008
# Tsit Yuen Lam

Tsit Yuen Lam (Chinese: 林節玄; pinyin: Lín Jiéxuán; born 6 February 1942) is a Hong Kong-American mathematician specializing in algebra, especially ring theory and quadratic forms.

## Academic career

Lam earned his bachelor's degree at the University of Hong Kong in 1963 and his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1967 under Hyman Bass, with a thesis titled On Grothendieck Groups. Subsequently, he was an instructor at the University of Chicago and since 1968 he has been at the University of California, Berkeley, where he became assistant professor in 1969, associate professor in 1972, and full professor in 1976. He served as assistant department head several times. From 1995 to 1997 he was Deputy Director of the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute in Berkeley, California.
Among his doctoral students is Richard Elman.

## Awards and honors

From 1972 to 1974 he was a Sloan Fellow; in 1978–79 a Miller Research Professor; and in 1981–82 a Guggenheim Fellow. In 1982 he was awarded the Leroy P. Steele Prize for his textbooks.
In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## Selected publications

* Serre’s Conjecture. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Springer, 1978
* Serre’s Problem on Projective Modules. Springer 2006; 2nd printing, 2010
* The Algebraic Theory of Quadratic Forms. Benjamin 1973, 1980; new version published as Introduction to Quadratic Forms over Fields, American Mathematical Society, 2005
* A First Course in Non-Commutative Rings. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Springer 1991, 2nd edition 2001, ISBN 0-387-95325-6
* Lectures on Modules and Rings. Springer, Graduate Texts in Mathematics 1999, ISBN 978-0-387-98428-5
* Sums of squares of real polynomials. (with Man-Duen Choi & Bruce Reznick), Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics 58, 103–126, 1995
* Orderings, Valuations and Quadratic Forms. AMS 1983
* Exercises in Classical Ring Theory. Springer 1985
* Representations of Finite Groups: A Hundred Years. Part I, Part II. Notices of the AMS 1998. (pdf files)
# Tsis

Tsis is a municipality of Chuuk, in the Federated States of Micronesia.

## Location

Tsis Island is locate near the center of Truk Lagoon in Chuuk State (Truk) in the Federated States of Micronesia. Also known as Siis Island. The island has a hill on the southern portion with an elevation of 248'. To the north is Fefan Island, to the east is Uman Island, to the south is Aualap Pass South Pass (South Passage) and Faleu Island. To the northwest is Tarik Island and Param Island.

## Wartime History

On the highest elevation of Tsis Island, the Imperial Japanese Army emplaced a single 75mm Type 41 Mountain Gun in an open emplacement. This gun was angled to the east to provide artillery support to gun positions on Fefan Island. Tarik Island beaches were mined with ninety-two Army small model land mines to prevent landings. Occupied by the Japanese for the duration of the Pacific War.
7°17′55″N 151°49′27″E﻿ / ﻿7.2985°N 151.8241°E﻿ / 7.2985; 151.8241
* This Federated States of Micronesia location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Turbo Racing

Turbo Racing may refer to:
* Hot Wheels Turbo Racing, a Nintendo 64 video game
* Al Unser Jr.'s Turbo Racing, NES video game
# Tumsisiro

Tumsisiro is community located near Saratamata on east Ambae Island, Vanuatu and is the headquarters of the Southern Region of the Melanesian Brotherhood, an Anglican religious community.

## History

As regional headquarters, Tumsisiro is home to the offices of the Regional Head Brother, the Section Elder Brother, and the Elder Brother. Tumsisro is also home to a Novitiate for the Melanesian Brotherhood, with novices from both Banks and Torres and the rest of Vanuatu coming here for training.
Tumsisiro is located near a coral beach, and facilities include novice classrooms, a small shop, and a bakery. It has a limited supply of running water, a telephone, and electricity during the first part of the evening.
The centre of the community's life is the Saint Mark's Chapel, and Saint Simon and Saint Jude Square. The Eucharist (Mass) and Offices from the Book of Common Prayer and the Brothers' Office book are offered daily.
Tumisiro is the site of one of the largest Sunday Schools in Vanuatu, with children of every denomination coming for instruction. Important days are Saint Mark's Day (25 April), Ini Kopuria Day (6 June), and Saint Simon and Saint Jude Day (28 October).
# Turbonilla rewa

Turbonilla rewa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Turbonilla rex

Turbonilla rex is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Tuscarora

Tuscarora may refer to the following:

## First nations and Native American people and culture

* Tuscarora people
** Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation (1960)
* Tuscarora language, an Iroquoian language of the Tuscarora people
* Tuscarora Reservation, territory of the Tuscarora Nation in New York
* Tuscarora War, fought in North Carolina during the autumn of 1711 until 11 February 1715

## Places

In Maryland
* Tuscarora, Maryland, a census-designated place in Frederick County
* Tuscarora High School (Maryland), in Frederick
In Michigan
* Tuscarora Township, Michigan
In Nevada
* Tuscarora, Nevada, a town in Elko County
* Tuscarora Mountains, a range in Elko County
In New York
* Tuscarora, New York, a town in Steuben County
* Tuscarora (CDP), New York, a hamlet in Livingston County
* Tuscarora Reservation, an Indian reservation in the town of Lewiston
* Camp Tuscarora, a Boy Scouts of America camp in New York State's Southern Tier
In North Dakota
* Tuscarora Township, Pierce County, North Dakota
In Pennsylvania
* Tuscarora, Pennsylvania, a census-designated place in Schuylkill County
* Tuscarora Falls, one of 24 named waterfalls in Ricketts Glen State Park in Luzerne County
* Tuscarora Mountain
** Tuscarora Mountain Tunnel, Pennsylvania Turnpike
* Tuscarora State Forest
* Tuscarora Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania
* Tuscarora Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania
* Tuscarora Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania
* Tuscarora Trail, a hiking trail that splits off from the Appalachian Trail
* Tuscarora School District, in southern Pennsylvania
In Virginia
* Tuscarora High School (Virginia), in Leesburg

## Other

* USS Tuscarora (1861), U.S. Navy American Civil War ship
* CSS Tuscarora, Confederate States ship
* USRC Tuscarora (1902), U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and U.S Coast Guard cutter in commission from 1902–1936
* Tuscarora Creek (disambiguation), several waterways
* The Tuscarora, Captain Alfred Bulltop Stormalong's legendary ship
* Tuscarora Formation, a geologic unit in the Appalachian Mountains
* Tuscarora Gas Pipeline, a gas pipeline running from Malin, Oregon to Wadsworth, Nevada
* Tuscarora Phillips, the character played by Christopher Mitchum in the 1970 Howard Hawks' film Rio Lobo
* Mount Tuscarora (Utah), a summit in the Wasatch Range
# Turbonilla kurodai

Turbonilla kurodai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.