OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tres militiae

The tres militiae ("three military posts") was a career progression of the Roman Imperial army for men of the equestrian order. It developed as an alternative to the cursus honorum of the senatorial order for enabling the social mobility of equestrians and identifying those with the aptitude for administration. The three posts, typically held over a period of two to four years, were Praefectus cohortis (prefect of a cohort), Tribunus angusticlavius (military tribune), and Praefectus alae (prefect of an ala [cavalry wing]).
Men who passed through the tres militiae often became prefect of the food supply (Praefectus annonae), prefect of Egypt, or praetorian prefects, the highest prefectures available to equestrians.
The emperor Trajan played a major role in establishing a regular career track for equestrians. The first of the tres militiae was command as a prefect of a cohors quingenaria, one of approximately 150 auxiliary units of 500 men from the provinces. Promotion required a transfer to a legion with the rank of tribunus angusticlavus, "military tribune of the narrow stripe," referring to the narrower width of the clavus (reddish-purple stripe) that distinguished the toga of an equestrian from that of a senator. Each legion had five angusticlavi, but even with about 30 legions, there were probably only 20 or so vacancies each year. An alternative post for the second militia was as auxiliary tribune with a cohors milliaria, one of 30 regiments of a thousand men each. The third militia was prefect of an ala, one of 70 cavalry wings of 500 men each. In some exceptional cases, a man might receive a fourth promotion as prefect of a thousand-man ala, though fewer than ten such alae existed.
A man would be in his mid-thirties or older at the conclusion of his tres militiae, which could boost his career in politics or business at home. Some men instead moved on to posts in Imperial administration, especially as procurator.
# Sigmund Sommer

Sigmund Sommer (June 19, 1916 – April 30, 1979) was a Brooklyn, New York–based building contractor, philanthropist, and racehorse owner of Sham, the horse that placed second to Secretariat in two legs of the 1973 U.S. Triple Crown series. At the time of Sommer's death at 62 in 1979, his estate was valued at almost $1 billion.

## Biography

Sigmund Sommer came from a family that had dealt in real estate since 1885. He built up his real estate business in the 1930s and 1940s by building small apartment buildings in Brooklyn and single family homes in northern New Jersey. By the 1970s, Sommer had expanded his real estate holdings to include shopping malls and commercial and residential properties in and around the metropolitan New York City area. These properties included 45 East 66th Street.

## Thoroughbred racehorse owner

In the 1960s, Sommer purchased his first race horse, and along with his wife, Viola, oversaw one of the most successful thoroughbred racing stables through the 70s. The stable was among the leading money earners for ten consecutive years, earning over $1.5 million in 1971, a record, and beating that amount in 1972. At the time the Sommers owned 40 horses who ran under the stable's green and gold colors.
With U.S. Racing Hall of Fame trainer Frank "Pancho" Martin, Sommer enjoyed considerable success that included winning the Display Handicap five times (1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1978).

## Horse racing

Sham, the Sommer stable’s most famous horse, purchased from Claiborne Farm after the death of Arthur B. Hancock, Jr. in 1972, and trained by Pancho Martin, holds the unofficial record for the second-fastest time in the Kentucky Derby when he placed second to Secretariat, clocking in unofficially in 1:59 4/5. In 1982, Viola Sommer won the Eclipse Award for Outstanding Owner. Sommer, who frequented the racetracks daily, died of a heart attack while at the Aqueduct Racetrack. He was survived by his wife Viola Sommer and three children: Jack Sommer, Susan Sommer Schweitzman, and Dr. Barbara Sommer Fisher.
# Singhadurbar Badalne Sangharsha

Singhadurbar Badalne Sangharsha (English:Struggle to Change Singha Durbar) is Nepalese autobiography Political Non-fiction book written by Nepalese politician Lal Babu Pandit originally published in 2017 under the banner of Publication company Nepa Laya Publication.
Singhadurbar Badalne Sangharsha describes the story of politician Lal Babu Pandit with his 40 years of experience in Politics career and he is known mostly for fighting the corruption and malpractice throughout Nepal also Pandit has set an example of good politician throughout Nepal.

## Synopsis

Lal Babu Pandit is a politician who has been referred as a good politician and fighting for the honesty to remark about his politics he has written a book about changing the parliament of Nepal. The book starts with Pandit getting a call from CPN (UML) to inform him he has been nominated for the ministerial post. The book also talks about the story of movement with late Madan Bhandari and his student life with his family.

## Release

Singhadurbar Badalne Sangharsha was released to the public in 14 November 2017 with price of Rs.325. When releasing the book the author said "‘I saw corruption and malpractices rampant everywhere after I became a minister and hence I thought the process of change needs to start from within" and "I have sincerely put forward the work carried out during my tenure as a minister." in an interview with Kantipur.
# Rorippa gigantea

Rorippa gigantea is a species of plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. The forest bitter-cress is usually seen as an annual plant, growing to 120 cm high, found in Australian east coast forests.

## Gallery

* 1895 engraving of R. gigantea by Sydney Parkinson
* R. gigantea found on the banks of the Wallagaraugh River, southeastern New South Wales
* Close-up of flowers
# Oranj Symphonette

The Oranj Symphonette is an experimental jazz-rock quintet from San Francisco, USA, formed from members of Tom Waits' band. They have released two albums.

## Formation

The band was formed by musicians who played for Tom Waits. They recorded two albums, the first cover versions of Henry Mancini.
Led by cellist/bassist Matt Brubeck (son of Dave Brubeck), the group includes Joe Gore and multi-instrumentalist Ralph Carney. Individually these three have played with PJ Harvey, the B-52's, Marc Ribot, and others. They met while recording Waits' score for the Jim Jarmusch film Night On Earth. In 1993, they began on their Mancini cover album. Joined by Scott Amendola, they debuted at San Francisco's Radio Valencia in 1994. In 1996, they added Hammond organ/accordion player Rob Burger and Pat Campbell replaced Amendola on drums for an album of music by composers including Mancini, Quincy Jones, Elmer Bernstein, Duke Ellington, Marvin Hamlisch, Burt Bacharach, Jimmy Webb, and John Barry.

## Debut album

Their Gramavision/Rykodisc debut, Oranj Symphonette Plays Mancini, reinterprets the work of one of Hollywood's most memorable composers, Henry Mancini.

## Discography

* Oranj Symphonette Plays Mancini (1996)
* The Oranj Album (1998)
# Ubaye-Serre-Ponçon

Ubaye-Serre-Ponçon (French pronunciation:; Vivaro-Alpine: Ubaia e La Sèrra de Ponçon) is a commune in the department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, southeastern France. It was formed on 1 January 2017 from the merger of the former communes of La Bréole (the seat) and Saint-Vincent-les-Forts.
# Papaipema araliae

Papaipema araliae, known generally as the aralia shoot borer moth or hedge veronica, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Papaipema araliae is 9470.
# Radio Vitosha

Radio Vitosha is a radio station based in Sofia, Bulgaria, and founded in 1991. It targets listeners aged between 24 and 45. The motto of Radio Vitosha is Следвай музиката (Follow the music).
The station was the first in Bulgaria to launch a morning show, "Тройка на Разсъмване" (The Troika At Dawn). Later, several other station copied the idea, but Vitosha's trio of presenters are still popular due to the variety of subjects they covers. The station's main office is located on Srebarna street, near the Sofia Zoo.

## Frequencies

Sofia, Pernik 97.6 MHz,
Plovdiv, Pazardzhik, 97.0 MHz,
Varna 92.6 MHz,
Burgas 96.7 MHz,
Vidin 95.8 MHz
Sevlievo 90.6 MHz
Pleven 106.1 MHz
Dobrich 96.6 MHz
Silistra 105.8 MHz
Blagoevgrad, Dupnitsa 93.6 MHz
Petrich, Sandanski 94.1 MHz
Smolyan 90.9 MHz
Kardzhali 106.5 MHz
Svilengrad, Haskovo, Stara Zagora 97.6 MHz
Sliven, Yambol 106.4 MHz
# Speyer Hauptbahnhof

Speyer Hauptbahnhof is the more important of the two railway stations in the city of Speyer in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

## Location

The station is on the Schifferstadt–Wörth line and is a stop for Regional-Express services from Mainz to Karlsruhe and S-Bahn lines S3 and S4 of the Rhine-Neckar S-Bahn. Public transport in Speyer is organised by the Rhine-Neckar Transport Association (Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar). The station is located about one kilometre from the city centre. The inner city can be reached by buses operated by Busverkehr Rhein-Neckar (BRN) in five minutes. Until 1945, the Heidelberg–Speyer railway also terminated at the station.

## History

The station was opened on 11 June 1847 together with the Schifferstadt–Wörth line. On 10 December 1873, it became the terminus of the Heidelberg–Speyer line, which was closed in 1945 after the destruction of the bridge over the Rhine. Between 1905 and 1956 the Neustadt–Speyer Local Railway ran between Speyer and Neustadt an der Weinstrasse.
On 16 December 1944 it was the target of an air attack that destroyed the station building and it was rebuilt in 1953.

## Architecture

Today's reception building was built in the 1950s. The old building had to be demolished after its bombing in 1944. Temporary buildings were built, which were then replaced in the style of the time.
The station building was renovated in November 2009 to October 2010. After the renovation energy demand was reduced. This work focused mainly on the roof, facade and windows. In addition, the circulation areas were improved and additional waiting facilities were built. The renovation cost a total of €587,000.

## Lines

| Line | Route |
| RE 4 | Mainz Hbf – Worms Hbf – Frankenthal Hbf – Ludwigshafen (Rhein) Hbf – Schifferstadt – Speyer Hbf – Germersheim – Graben-Neudorf – Karlsruhe Hbf |
| S3 | Karlsruhe Hbf – Bruchsal – Heidelberg Hbf – Mannheim Hbf – Ludwigshafen (Rhein) Hbf – Schifferstadt – Speyer Hbf – Germersheim |
| S4 | Bruchsal – Heidelberg Hbf – Mannheim Hbf – Ludwigshafen (Rhein) Hbf – Schifferstadt – Speyer Hbf – Germersheim |
# Signs (Jonny Lang album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| All About Jazz | |
| AllMusic | |
| Classic Rock | |
| Spill | |
Signs is the seventh studio album by American musician Jonny Lang. It was released on September 1, 2017 via Provogue Records in Europe and on September 8, 2017 via Concord Records in North America. Recording sessions took place at Stagg Street Studio in Los Angeles, The VooDrew Room in Nashville and Upstream in Utah. Production was handled by Lang himself together with Drew and Shannon.
The song "Stronger Together" was premiered on August 11, 2017.
AllMusic named the album as one of the best blues albums of 2017, with 3.5 out of 5 star review by Stephen Thomas Erlewine.

## Personnel

* Jon Gordon "Jonny Lang" Langseth, Jr. – songwriter, vocals, guitar, bass drum and snare (track 10), producer
* Andrew Maxwell "Drew" Ramsey – songwriter (tracks: 1-8, 10, 11), backing vocals (tracks: 1, 3, 5-8, 11), bass (tracks: 1, 7), guitar (tracks: 2, 3, 5-8, 11), handclaps (track 10), producer, recording (tracks: 1, 7, 10), mixing (tracks: 1, 5, 7, 11)
* Shannon Sanders – songwriter (tracks: 2-6, 8, 11), backing vocals (tracks: 1, 3, 5-8, 11), keyboards (tracks: 2, 3, 5, 6, 8), producer
* Jason Eskridge – backing vocals (tracks: 1, 3, 5-8, 11)
* Dwan Hill – songwriter (tracks: 4, 11), keyboards (tracks: 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11), electric piano (track 4)
* Jim Anton – bass (tracks: 2, 4-6, 8, 9, 11)
* Barry Alexander – drums (tracks: 2-6, 8, 9, 11)
* Courtlan Clement – guitar (track 3)
* Debi Selby – backing vocals (tracks: 5-8, 11)
* Nickie Conley – backing vocals (tracks: 5-8, 11)
* Dan Needham – drums (track 7)
* Josh Kelley – songwriter, backing vocals, recording & mixing (track 9)
* David Davidson – violin, viola & strings arrangement (track 11)
* Carole Rabinowitz – cello (track 11)
* Bobby Shin – strings (track 11)
* Matt Hyde – recording (tracks: 2-6, 8, 11), mixing (tracks: 2-4, 6, 8, 10)
* Bil Lane – engineering assistant (tracks: 2-6, 8, 11)
* Marcel Fernandez – engineering assistant (tracks: 2-6, 8, 11)
* Tom Baker – mastering
* Carrie Smith – design
* Daniella Hovsepian – photography

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 73 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 77 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 47 |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 34 |
| UK Jazz & Blues Albums (OCC) | 2 |
| US Billboard 200 | 153 |
| US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) | 33 |
| US Top Blues Albums (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Top Tastemaker Albums (Billboard) | 11 |
# Rorippa barbareifolia

Rorippa barbareifolia, the hoary yellowcress, is a plant species reported from Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, Mongolia, Siberia, Alaska, Yukon and Saskatchewan. It grows in wet habitats (though not completely submerged). It can be found along forest borders, in ditches, on stream banks, etc.
Rorippa barbareifolia can easily be distinguished from other species in the genus by its multi-valved fruits. Rorippa barbareifolia fruits have 3-6 valves, usually 4, while other species generally have 2, rarely 3. The plants are annual herbs with yellow, 4-parted flowers.
# Steve Hare (musician)

Steve Hare is an American musician, who sings CCM, praise & worship and pop rock, and is currently signed to Dream Records. His debut studio album Heart Like Your Own was released on May 7, 2013, and Me in Motion's Seth Mosley produced the album. The album charted at No. 92 on the Billboard 200 chart and fourth on the Christian Albums chart, for the week of May 25, 2013.

## Background

Hare is the senior pastor of Faith City Family Church in Christiana, Delaware. His father Bert started the church, and was the first pastor. In addition, Hare is the founder and CEO of Reach Radio Networks.

## Music

Hare was signed to Dream Records in 2013. His first studio album was produced by Seth Mosley, and is entitled Heart Like Your Own, which was released on May 7, 2013.

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Year | Album details | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Year | Album details | US | US Christian |
| 2013 | Heart Like Your Own Released: May 7, 2013 Label: Dream Format: CD, digital download | 92 | 4 |
# Oraniopsis

Oraniopsis is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family from Queensland, Australia, where the only known species, Oraniopsis appendiculata, grows in mountainous rain forest. Dioecious and extremely slow growing, the name means "similar to Orania" and the Latin epithet translates to "appendaged".

## Description

Oraniopsis appendiculata trunks are gray, solitary, from 30 to 45 cm wide, usually reaching to 6 m in height, though mature individuals in habitat can reach up to 18 m. It may be, however, 20 or 30 years before an emergent trunk develops. In juvenile life the plant is a ground-level rosette of 3 – 4 m pinnate leaves on short, wide petioles. In dense forests with little light they may be ground rosettes for up to 60 years, and in these conditions the leaf, stretching for sunlight, may elongate to 8 m. The pinnae are deep green above, glaucous below, regularly arranged with one fold. Once trunk forming, the leaf crown is feather-duster shaped, rarely hemispherical, the stiff leaves upward pointing, and usually persistent after dying, forming a skirt around the trunk.
The inflorescence emerges in the leaf crown and is shorter than the leaves, to 75 cm, with superficially similar male and female flowers on separate plants. From one carpel, the fruit ripens to yellow or orange with one seed.
Seed germination is a lengthy process, to a year or more, with some seeds resisting germination to four years. On sprouting, the plant is invariably slow-moving, failing to show trunk height for multiple decades. Unless the rate of growth markedly increases in later life, the biggest specimens in Queensland are probably several hundred years old.
Despite bearing resemblance to their namesake, this plant is most closely related to the South American palm Ceroxylon, differing only in the amount of peduncular bracts, the bracteole flowers, and the free, rather than basally fused, petals.

## Distribution and habitat

Found in the Australian rain forest between the Tully River area, down to the Big Tableland south of Cooktown, and as far inland as the Great Dividing Range southwest of Atherton. Mostly from 300 to 1500 m, they may be found on rocky hillsides and coastal sands but are most common in rainy, cloudy forests. They often grow in rich organic soil or basaltic medium, but are absent from deep soil and open plains.
# Trinity Methodist Church, Barton-upon-Humber

Trinity Methodist Church is a mid 19th-century Methodist church and a Grade II Listed building in Barton-upon-Humber, North Lincolnshire, England.

## Architecture

Trinity Methodist Church is a pale brick building with a pediment and a Welsh slate roof. The front is decorated with Doric pilasters. The five bays created between the pilasters all contain round-headed windows; two on each of the outer two bays and one each in the central three. The central three windows are blocked and each sit above a panelled door.
* The Church from Chapel Lane
* The red brick extension behind the main chapel
* The reverse of the building from Holydyke
* Vestry Lane, which runs to the east of the building

## History

A Wesleyan Society is noted in Barton-upon-Humber from at least 1760. The current Trinity Methodist Church was predated by an earlier chapel on this site, built by the Wesleyan Society and opened on 9 October 1816. The society had 46 members in 1816. This number had increased to several hundred by 1839 and the original chapel was enlarged. This first chapel was demolished by 22 May 1860 and the current building was constructed in its place, opening in early 1861.
# Vasco Giuseppe Bertelli

Vasco Giuseppe Bertelli (23 January 1924 − 2 November 2013) was an Italian Prelate of the Catholic Church.
Vasco Giuseppe Bertelli was born in Pontedera ordained a priest on 5 April 1947. Bertelli was appointed bishop of the Diocese of Volterra on 25 May 1985 and ordained on 29 June 1985. Bertelli would retire from the diocese on 18 March 2000.
# Springfield Presbyterian Church (Springfield, New Jersey)

The Springfield Presbyterian Church is located on Morris Avenue (Route 82) in downtown Springfield, in Union County, New Jersey, United States. The congregation was first established in 1745 and the current church was built in 1791.
The church had been used to store ammunition for the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War and at the Battle of Springfield the church was burned by British and Loyalist troops passing through the township on their way to nearby Hobart Gap.
Listed as the First Congregation of the Presbyterian Church at Springfield, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 7, 1990, for its significance in architecture. The listing included three contributing buildings and one contributing site on 3 acres (1.2 ha); architectural styles included are Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Federal.
# Tree diagram (probability theory)

In probability theory, a tree diagram may be used to represent a probability space.
A tree diagram may represent a series of independent events (such as a set of coin flips) or conditional probabilities (such as drawing cards from a deck, without replacing the cards). Each node on the diagram represents an event and is associated with the probability of that event. The root node represents the certain event and therefore has probability 1. Each set of sibling nodes represents an exclusive and exhaustive partition of the parent event.
The probability associated with a node is the chance of that event occurring after the parent event occurs. The probability that the series of events leading to a particular node will occur is equal to the product of that node and its parents' probabilities.
# Signum Priset

Signumpriset (The Signum Award) is a trademark prize awarded to the Nordic company that best manages and foster their brand. The award was instituted in 1995 (29 years ago) (1995) by IP law firm Groth & Co.

## Previous winners

* 2020 Almedalsveckan
* 2019 Polarn O. Pyret
* 2018 HSB
* 2017 Pippi Långstrump
* 2016 Svenskt Tenn
* 2015 Lantmännen
* 2014 Icehotel
* 2013 Hästens
* 2012 Gröna Lund
* 2011 Indiska
* 2010 Findus
* 2009 Fjällräven
* 2008 Marimekko
* 2007 Löfbergs
* 2006 ICA AB
* 2005 Tetra Pak
* 2004 Svenska Dagbladet
* 2003 Absolut Vodka
* 2002 Atlas Copco
* 2001 ITT Flygt AB
* 2000 Carlsberg
* 1999 Bang & Olufsen
* 1998 Statoil
* 1997 AGA AB
* 1996 Ramlösa
* 1995 Volvo
# Singinkop

Singinkop is a village in Belgaum district of Karnataka, India. The village is famous for its traditional pottery culture. Here you can get all types of pottery and clay bricks products manufacturers, also have some Tourist places near to the village, like Boothnath Temple, Sidheshwar Temple.
# Steveroy Anthony

Steveroy Anthony (born 7 July 1971) is an Antigua and Barbudan football player. He has played for Antigua and Barbuda national team.

## National team statistics

Antigua and Barbuda national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2000 | 4 | 0 |
| 2001 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 2 | 0 |
| 2003 | 3 | 0 |
| 2004 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | 11 | 0 |
# Oranienstein Letters

The Oranienstein Letters are a series of letters sent by William V, Prince of Orange in December 1801 from Schloss Oranienstein near Diez, Germany. William addressed them to 15 Orangist ex-regenten of the old Dutch Republic and advised them to end their staying out of government. That meant that some of his instructions given in the Kew Letters, which urged resistance against the French–Batavian invasion, were no longer in effect. He and his son, William Frederick, also recognised the Batavian Republic as legitimate and renounced their hereditary stadtholderate. Those were preconditions set by First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte of the French Republic for compensation for the loss of their possessions in the Netherlands, which had been confiscated by the Batavian Republic.
William V decreed those letters only after much hesitations, and he would later refuse to accept the mediatised Fulda monastery and the Imperial Abbey of Corvey as compensation, but he agreed that William Frederick had done so and thus became Prince of Nassau-Orange-Fulda.
# Pedro Muñoz Seca Municipal Theater

The Pedro Muñoz Seca Municipal Theater (Teatro Municipal Pedro Muñoz Seca) is a 600-seat theater located in El Puerto de Santa María, Cadiz, Spain. It is named after Pedro Muñoz Seca, a playwright originally from the city.
The theater is located in Polvorista Plaza (Plaza del Polvorista), in a building that served as a barracks for a cavalry regiment of the Spanish Army in the 18th century. El Puerto de Santa María's former Main Theater (Teatro Principal) was destroyed in a fire in 1984; this new Municipal Theater was inaugurated on October 27, 2007.
* This article about a building or structure in the Province of Cádiz is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Paracolpodes

Paracolpodes is a genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae. This genus has a single species, Paracolpodes mauritiensis. It is found in Mauritius.