OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vassilios Giavis

Vassilios "Bill" Giavis (1929-2019) was a painter and illustrator of historical sites, diners, people, maritime scenes, cityscapes, and landscapes.
His detailed, realistic paintings of scenes throughout the New England area and Greece were rendered in watercolor, oil and acrylic. Once Giavis had an idea for a painting, it becomes one of a theme series: diners, city halls, people, historic buildings, etc. The focus of one theme produced a series of paintings revolving around the life of Lowell born author, Jack Kerouac: birthplace, church, high school, various hangouts, and his memorial park.

## Early life and education

Vassilios Giavis was born on December 21, 1929, and died on February 12, 2019, in Lowell, Massachusetts.
After high school, Giavis earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree at Massachusetts College of Art and Design in Boston, MA and then served in the United States Army for two years.

## Published work

Giavis’ published work includes “The Tyrants,” cover art and illustrations, Ithaca Press; United States Department of the Interior, Preservation Pan Book cover art, Lowell Historic Preservation Commission; “Doctor Sax,” cover art, Grove Press; Lowell General Hospital Annual Report cover art and poster; New England Roadside Delights, by Will Anderson, page 67; Monuments and Memory, by Martha Norkunas, frontispiece, published by Smithsonian Institution Press of Washington and London; and “Brunet’s Lunch / Lowell 1988,” Museum News, September / October 2003, “Diners Still Cooking in the 21st Century,” page 15.

## Exhibitions

His Exhibitions include the Masters Invitational Exhibition at the Copley Society of Art in Boston, MA; the Brush Gallery in Lowell, MA three of which were solo exhibitions; the New England Folklife Center in Lowell, MA; the Museum of National Heritage in Lexington, Massachusetts; the Boott Cotton Mill Museum in Lowell, MA; the Museum on Transportation in Brookline, MA; the Lumina Gallery in New York City; the Parker Gallery and Whistler House Museum of Art in Lowell, MA; the John Hancock Tower in Boston, MA; the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, MA; the Boston City Hall in Boston, MA; Culinary Archives and Museum at Johnson & Wales University in Providence, Rhode Island (five year exhibit; 2003 to 2008).

## Television appearances

Television specials featuring Giavis are Good Morning America, CBS; Evening Chronicle, Boston NMC; “The Acre Experience,” and “Dining in Lowell.”

## Awards

Awards earned by Giavis include the Copley Society’s Copley Master; John Singleton Copley Award; Best Work on paper; Community Teamwork, Inc. Local Heroes Award and numerous other Honorable Mentions.

## Memberships

His memberships included the Copley Society in Boston, MA; the Boston Printmakers in Boston, MA; and the British Art Gallery in Lowell, MA
# Rakhimov

Rakhimov is a surname, slavicised from the Arabic male given name Rahim. Its female version is Rakhimova. Notable people with the surname include:
* Baxtiyor Rahimov (born c. 1963), rebel leader in Uzbekistan who advocates an Islamic republic
* Ibodat Rakhimova, Soviet-Tajikistani politician
* Murtaza Rakhimov (1934–2023), President of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
* Kamilla Rakhimova (born 2001), Russian female tennis player
* Rashid Rakhimov (born 1965), Tajikistani football coach and former footballer
* Gafur Rakhimov (born 1951), businessman and alleged crime lord
* Sevinch Rakhimova, Uzbekistani karateka
* Sobir Rakhimov (or Sabir Rakhimov), Uzbek general and hero of USSR during World War II
# Raizman

Raizman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Maurice Raizman (1905–1974), French chess master
* Yuli Raizman (1903–1994), Russian film director
# Raja Gopal Singh

Raja Gopal Singh was a former Speaker of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. He served as speaker in Janata Party rule from 25 September 1979 to 7 July 1980. Gopal Singh belonged to Rajput erstwhile Raja family of Bhadrajun thikana. He used to look after affairs of family heritage hotel (a fort converted hotel).
He was MLA from Ahore in the Jalore district twice in 1977 and 1990.
Mr. Singh, who had been a Raja under the former Jodhpur State, represented Ahore Assembly constituency in Jalore district of the State twice.
Known as a gentleman politician, he was a much respected figure in western Rajasthan.
Not a person who hankered after power and position, he devoted more time in the past decade to conservation of water bodies and building of check dams in Jodhpur, Jalore and Pali districts than in politics.
He was one of the founder members of the water conservation NGO, Jal Bhagirathi Foundation.
# Velaines

Velaines (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Vermafossen

Vermafossen or Vermefossen is a waterfall in Rauma Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The waterfall is on the river Verma which is a tributary to the large river Rauma which flows through the Romsdalen valley. The waterfall is near the village of Verma as well as the Rauma railway line and the European route E136.
The river Verma flows in steep cascades, splits in three canals, and finally drops about 50 metres (160 ft) into the main river. The total height is about 380 metres (1,250 ft) along the 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) of the Verma river. In the world waterfall database it is listed as the 242nd tallest in the world. The valley of the Verma river is a typical "hook-valley" (agnordal) as Verma river in prehistory was a tributary to Gudbrandsdalslågen to the east. As the Rauma river gradually dug into the bedrock in upper Romsdalen valley the watershed shifted east and Verma river was captured by Rauma river. Hans Reusch described this peculiarity of the Scandinavian divide in 1905. The hook-valley phenomenon is particularly visible around the Romsdalen/Eikesdalen and northern Gudbrandsdalen.
The flow of the Verma river is regulated by dams and used at the Verma power station (originally built in 1923, expanded in 1953). The dam is about 420 metres (1,380 ft) above the power station. About 70 gigawatt-hours (250 TJ) are produced annually.
The Rauma Line runs on a 26-metre (85 ft) long bridge (constructed 1918-1923) across the lower part of the waterfall.
# Ramecourt, Pas-de-Calais

Ramecourt (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## Geography

Ramecourt is a suburb of Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, situated 25 miles (40 km) west of Arras, at the junction of the D101 and D102 roads.

## Places of interest

* The church of St.Leger, dating from the seventeenth century.
* The eighteenth-century chateau.
# Veneracion

Veneracion is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrea Veneracion (1928–2013), Filipino choral conductor and musician
* Ian Veneracion (born 1973), Filipino athlete, actor, pilot, and singer
* Roy Veneracion (born 1947), Filipino painter
# Ramesh Pateria

Ramesh Pateria (or Pateriya) (1937–1987) was an Indian sculptor, known for his work in solid marble rock. He won many National and State Awards. His sculptures are in the National Gallery of Modern Art, Lalit Kala Academy and many other private and institutional collectors.

## Personal life

Pateria was born in Jabalpur Madhya Pradesh, India in 1937. He took his formal education and graduation from the College of Fine Arts in Baroda, Gujarat. He sculpted marble rocks with modern abstract shapes with strong lines. His work attracted attention and earned him scholarships from Madhya Pradesh State 1964–65, and Cultural Scholarship from Ministry of Education Govt. of India 1967–69. He taught art to children at the Modern School, New Delhi in 1971–72. He then secured British Council Scholarship to study sculpture at the Portsmouth Polytechnic in U.K. during 1972–73 and painting at the Royal College of Art, London in 1973–74. He had a number of shows to his credit and he is featured in a book on Indian Sculpture

## Description of Pateria's sculptures

Pateria mostly created art objects which were 3 to 6 feet in size. Except for a few works in wood, his sculptures were created in marble. White, Pink and black marbles were his favorite. He used the natural design of lines of the marble stock to create bold carved forms which won him many awards

## Honours and awards

Pateria won a number of Awards. Notable among them were National Award, Lalit Kala Academy, New Delhi, 1969, and the Shikhar Award, Madhya Pradesh Government, 1982–83 He also won Awards at Gujarat State exhibition, Madhya Pradesh Kala Parishad at Kalidas Art Exhibition, Ujjain,
# Ramesh Patil

Ramesh Narayan Patil is an Indian politician and belongs to the Bharatiya Janata Party. On 10 July 2018, he was elected unopposed with 10 others to the Maharashtra Legislative Council.
Patil is President of the Koli Mahasangh, an organisation established to advocate for the interests of Koli people.
# Ramthamg

Ramthamg is a village in Mangan subdivision, North Sikkim district, Sikkim, India. The Ministry of Home Affairs has given it a geographical code of 260897.
# Trenza

Trenza, meaning braid in Spanish, is a braided pastry (pan trenza) or bread (trenza de brioche) that can contain fruit or other fillings. In Colombian cuisine, a trenza of cheese and guava is traditional. In Spain's Aragon community, the traditional style is trenza de Almudevar, with nuts, raisins, walnuts and almonds, and is a signature product of the Tolosana bakeries. In Spain, trenzas glaseadas (glazed trenzas) are also served.
# Vanaussaia

Vanaussaia is a village in Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County in Estonia.
# Theophilus Redwood

Theophilus Redwood (9 April 1806 – 5 March 1892) was a Welsh pharmacist who was one of the founding members of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. He was born in Boverton, Llantwit Major.
In 1820 he was apprenticed to his brother-in-law, Charles Vachell, a surgeon-apothecary in Cardiff. Vachell had married Redwood's eldest half-sister Margaret in 1811.
Redwood translated Karl Friedrich Mohr’s Lehrbuch der pharmaceutischen Technik, and adapted it to English practice. This was the first textbook of pharmacy. The result was Practical Pharmacy: The Arrangements, Apparatus, and Manipulation of the Pharmaceutical Shop and Laboratory, by Francis Mohr and Theophilus Redwood, Taylor, Walton, and Maberly, London, 1849. William Procter, Jr. edited an American edition for publisher Lea and Blanchard of Philadelphia. Procter’s Practical Pharmacy was published in 1849.
He was also Secretary of the Cavendish Society (1846–72) and Vice-President of the Chemical Society.
Theophilius Redwood was never President of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, but was President of the British Pharmaceutical Conferences in Glasgow and Plymouth, 1876 and 77. He was also President of the International Pharmaceutical conference held in London in 1881.
After his retirement in 1885, he received the title of Emeritus Professor by unanimous vote of the Council of the Pharmaceutical Society. He moved back to the family home in Boverton, which he had inherited, but still continued to lecture. His last public appearance was appropriately at the Pharmaceutical Conference in Cardiff in 1891, as he himself remarked, a very different Cardiff from the one he had left in 1823. He died at home on 5 March 1892 and is buried in the Llantwit Major churchyard.
The Theophilus Redwood Award is given by Royal Society of Chemistry to a leading analytical chemistry scientist who is also an outstanding communicator. The Redwood Building of Cardiff University, home to the Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, is named in his honour.

## Family

He was married to Charlotte Elizabeth Moron, daughter of T N R Moron who owned a large pharmaceutical company in London.
Their eight children included Thomas Boverton Redwood first of the Redwood baronets.
# Powerco

Powerco is the largest dual-energy distribution company in New Zealand by length, and is one of only two dual-energy (electricity and gas) distributors in the country.
Its networks are located in the North Island of New Zealand.
Powerco is owned by Australian companies Queensland Investment Corporation and AMP Limited.

## Business

Powerco is a dual-energy distributor. Its role is to bring the gas and electricity delivered by the transmission networks Transpower (for electricity) and Firstgas (for gas) from the gas fields and power stations where it's generated, through its distribution networks, to customers.
Powerco owns and operates 28,935 km of electricity lines and cables, and 6,227 km of gas pipes. Over 900,000 customers are connected to its networks across 345,000 individual electricity connections and 112,000 individual gas connections.
Its electricity network covers:
* Coromandel to South Waikato
* Bay of Plenty: Tauranga and Mount Maunganui
* Taranaki
* Whanganui and Rangitīkei
* Manawatū
* Wairarapa
Its gas network covers:
* Taranaki
* Hawke's Bay
* Manawatū
* Porirua and Hutt Valley
* Wellington

## Key dates

* April 1993 - New Plymouth Energy (the electricity division of the New Plymouth District Council) merges with Taranaki Electricity (former Taranaki Electric Power Board) to become Taranaki Energy Limited.
* 1994 - Taranaki Energy acquired the Hawera Gas Company.
* October 1995 - Taranaki Energy Limited merges with Wanganui-based Powerco (the former Wanganui Electric Power Board) to become Powerco Limited.
* September 1997 - Powerco acquires Hawera based Egmont Electricity.
* April 1998 - Government pass Electricity Industry Reform Act. PowerCo decided to become a "network business" (or lines company), and the following changes are made:
** Electricity Retail Business (customer base) sold to Genesis Power
** Gas Retail Business sold to Natural Gas Corporation
** Natural Gas Corporation's Taranaki gas networks sold to Powerco
** Powerco's five hydro power stations sold to TrustPower
** Powerco purchases Wairarapa Electricity's network business (formerly part of the Wairarapa Electric Power Board)
* August 2000 - Powerco merged with CentralPower (itself formed by the merger of CentralPower (for former Manawatu-Oroua Power Board) and ElectroPower, the former electricity division of Palmerston North City Council).
* June 2001 - Powerco purchases the Hutt Valley and Porirua gas networks from AGL.
* February 2002 - Powerco purchases the electricity assets of United Networks Limited in Tauranga, Eastern and Southern Waikato, Thames and Coromandel, plus gas networks in Wellington, Horowhenua, Manawatū and Hawke's Bay.
* 2004 - Powerco purchased Siemens Energy Services' Tauranga based contracting division
* November 2005 - Powerco sold its New Zealand field services contracting business to Tenix Alliance
* 2008 - Divestment of Powerco Australia Group (Tasmania gas distribution) to Babcock & Brown Infrastructure
# Precis antilope

Precis antilope, the darker commodore, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae, found in the dry season and is native to Subsaharan Africa.
The wingspan is 40–55 mm in males and 50–60 mm in females.
The flight period is from December to March.
The larvae feed on Coleus and Plastostema species.
# Viñales Municipal Museum

Viñales Municipal Museum is a museum located in the Salvador Cisneros street in Viñales, Cuba. It was established as museum on 18 March 1982.
# Virtual leased line

Virtual leased lines (VLL), also referred to as virtual private wire service (VPWS) or EoMPLS (Ethernet over MPLS), is a way to provide Ethernet-based point to point communication over Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) or Internet Protocol networks. VLL uses the pseudo-wire encapsulation for transporting Ethernet traffic over an MPLS tunnel across an MPLS backbone. VLL also describes a point to point bonded connection using the broadband bonding technology.

## Types

There are 5 types of VLLs:
* Epipes: Emulates a point-to-point Ethernet service. VLAN-tagged Ethernet frames are supported. Interworking with other Layer 2 technologies is also supported.
* Apipes: Emulates a point-to-point ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) service. Several subtypes are provided to support different ATM service types.
* Fpipes: Emulates point-to-point Frame Relay circuit. Some features for interworking with ATM are also supported.
* Ipipes: Provides IP interworking capabilities between different Layer 2 technologies.
* Cpipes: Emulates a point-to-point time-division multiplexing (TDM) circuit.
# Prabhasa

Prabhasa is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.
Most species were previously placed in the genus Eilema.

## Species

* Prabhasa plumbeomicans Hampson, 1894
* Prabhasa monastyrskii Dubatolov, 2012
* Prabhasa venosa Moore, 1878
# Prabhash Joshi

Prabhash Joshi (15 July 1937 – 5 November 2009) was an Indian journalist, especially Hindi journalism, writer and political analyst. He was strongly in favour of "ethics and transparency". He played a part in Gandhian movement, Bhoodan movement, and in the surrender of bandits and in the struggle against emergency.

## Early life

Prabhash Joshi was born in Ashta near Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India to Pandarinath Joshi and Leela Bai.

## Career

Prabhash Joshi began his career with Nayi Duniya, was the founder editor of Hindi daily Jansatta in 1983.
He was with the Gandhi Peace Foundation and edited the Hindi version of Everyman's, a journal devoted to advocating Jayaprakash's views and sponsored by Ramnath Goenka. This journal campaigned for JP's movement for purity in public life.
He was also known for his writings on cricket. As a television commentator, he was mainly invited for his views and comments on national politics during the Lok Sabha (lower house of the Parliament of India) or Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly of an Indian state) elections.
Joshi had been writing a Sunday column for Jansatta entitled "Kagad-Kare" for' many years. Recently he had started writing a weekly column entitled "Aughat-Ghat" for Tehelka Hindi. He also worked with the Indian Express as the resident editor at Ahmedabad, Chandigarh and Delhi. After retiring from the newspaper in 1995, he continued as the chief editorial advisor.
He also wrote a book on Hinduism. As he was from the land of the Malwa region of Kumar Gandharva, he loved the unique staccato style of classical vocal music.

### Death

Prabhash Joshi died 5 November 2009 from a heart attack, after watching an India-Australia cricket match.

## Personal life

Prabhash Joshi was married to Usha. He lived with his wife in Jansatta Apartments, in Vasundhara, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh. They have a daughter, Sonal, and two sons, Sandeep and Sopan.
# Vizela River

Vizela River (Portuguese pronunciation:) is a river in Portugal. It flows into Ave River and it is named after the city of Vizela.
41°21′46″N 8°25′55″W﻿ / ﻿41.3629°N 8.4319°W﻿ / 41.3629; -8.4319
* This article related to a river in Portugal is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Praepapilio

Praepapilio is an extinct genus of swallowtail butterfly from the middle Eocene deposits of Colorado, United States, comparable to the Lutetian epoch in age. The genus is considered to be the only representative of the fossil subfamily Praepapilioninae.
Praepapilio is, so far, the only wholly extinct subtaxon known within the swallowtail family. Two species have been described, each from a single fossil find.

## Species
### P. colorado

The holotype of P. colorado, the type species of the genus, is from the Middle Eocene-aged Green River Shale, Parachute Creek Member, near Raydome, Colorado. Durden and Rose, in their 1978 paper, compare P. colorado to the extant Baronia brevicornis, and suggest that P. gracilis may be the same species as P. colorado, and that the differences between the two are possibly due to sexual dimorphism.

### P. gracilis

As with P. colorado, the holotype of P. gracilis was from the same site in Colorado. It differs from the type species in being smaller and more gracile in form, though anatomical differences may be due to sexual dimorphism.
# Praeparasitus

Praeparasitus is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae.

## Species

* Praeparasitus collaris (Berlese, 1916)
# Viscount Bangor

Viscount Bangor, of Castle Ward, in County Down, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland.

## History

The title was created in January 1781 for Bernard Ward, 1st Baron Bangor, who had previously represented County Down in the Irish House of Commons. He had already been created Baron Bangor, of Castle Ward in the County of Down, in May 1770, also in the Peerage of Ireland.
His son, the second Viscount, sat as a member of the Irish Parliament for Bangor and was declared insane. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Viscount. His eldest son, the fourth Viscount, sat in the House of Lords as an Irish representative peer from 1855 to 1881. His younger brother, the fifth Viscount, was an Irish Representative Peer from 1886 to 1911. His son, the sixth Viscount, was an Irish Representative Peer between 1913 and 1950 and also sat in the Senate of Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1950 and served as its Speaker from 1930 to 1950. As of 2017, the titles are held by his grandson, the eighth Viscount, who succeeded his father, journalist Edward Ward, in 1993.
Nicholas Ward, great-grandfather of the first Viscount, and Michael Ward, father of the first Viscount, both represented County Down in the Irish House of Commons. Robert Ward, uncle of Nicholas Ward, was created a Baronet in 1682 (see Ward Baronets). The Hon. Edward Ward, second son of the first Viscount, was also a member of the Irish Parliament for County Down. Edward Wolstenholme Ward, a son of John Petty Ward, younger brother of the third Viscount, sat in the New South Wales Legislative Council. The actress Lalla Ward is the daughter of the seventh Viscount and the former wife of both Professor Richard Dawkins and her Doctor Who co-star Tom Baker
The family seat is Castle Ward, near Strangford, County Down.

## Baron Bangor (1770)

* Bernard Ward, 1st Baron Bangor (1719–1781) (created Viscount Bangor in 1781)

### Viscount Bangor (1781)

* Bernard Ward, 1st Viscount Bangor (1719–1781)
* Nicholas Ward, 2nd Viscount Bangor (1750–1827)
* Edward Ward, 3rd Viscount Bangor (1790–1837)
* Edward Ward, 4th Viscount Bangor (1827–1881)
* Henry William Crosbie Ward, 5th Viscount Bangor (1828–1911)
* Maxwell Richard Crosbie Ward, 6th Viscount Bangor (1868–1950)
* Edward Henry Harold Ward, 7th Viscount Bangor (1905–1993)
* William Maxwell David Ward, 8th Viscount Bangor (born 1948)
The heir presumptive is the present holder's half-brother, Hon. Edward Nicholas Ward (born 1953).
The heir presumptive's heir presumptive is his cousin Maxwell Colin Bernard Ward (born 1949), a great-great-grandson of the third Viscount. His heir is his elder son Charles Bernard Maxwell Ward (born 1986).