OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Softcam

A softcam is essentially a software-based camera.
Softcams are computer software (that technically do not replace webcams) that allows one to stream or broadcast image, video, and/or audio files through a virtual webcam device. This allows the video stream to be used in place of a normal webcam stream in video conferencing applications like MSN Messenger, NetMeeting, Skype etc. or any other programs that use webcam devices.
Some softcam software such as Magic Camera and ManyCam allows the user to apply graphics and effects to the video as well, making the software more analogous to a video switcher. In effect, softcam software allows the user to project media files as though it were live over a webcam. Video from normal webcams can also be passed through softcam software to allow the same graphics and effects to be overlaid onto normal webcam video.

## History

The historical origins of soft cam type software is unclear, but image sensor emulation may have been used by the US and USSR space programs as part of camera integration on spacecraft. In the modern era, physical teleconferencing systems (as opposed to ones dependent on a personal computer) may have been tested with soft cam technology in the late 1980s.
As soft cam software evolved in parallel with digital camera software, one can consider soft cam history and webcam history to be the same.

## Risks

Having multiple webcam emulators installed on a personal computer may increase the risk of camfecting. In the field of computer security, camfecting is the process of attempting to hack into a person's webcam and activate it without the owner's permission.
Remotely activated webcams can be used to watch anything within the webcam's field of vision, sometimes including the webcam owner themselves. Camfecting is most often carried out by infecting the victim's computer with a virus that can provide the hacker access to the webcam. This attack is specifically targeted at the victim's webcam, and hence the name camfecting, a portmanteau of the words camera and infecting.
Typically, a webcam hacker or a camfecter sends his victim an innocent-looking application which has a Trojan horse software through which the camfecter can control the victim's webcam. The camfecter virus installs itself silently when the victim runs the original application. Once installed, the camfecter can turn on the webcam and capture pictures/videos. The camfecter software works just like the original webcam software present in the computer, the only difference being that the camfecter controls the software instead of the webcam owner.

## In popular culture

Webcam emulators have been featured in several sitcoms
* Austin & Ally "Albums & Auditions", a webcam emulator is used to fake a performing arts audition, with many glitches – but is successful.
# Sofie Joosen

Sofie Joosen (born April 7, 1986 ) is a Belgian politician for the N-VA.
Joosen trained as a dental assistant before getting involved in politics. She was a board member for the N-VA in her hometown of Duffel and was co-founder of the local Jong N-VA youth wing branch. In the municipal elections of 2012, she was elected as a municipal councilor of Duffel. After the municipal elections of 2018, Joosen became mayor of Duffel, making her the youngest mayor of a town in Belgium at the time. Since the 2014 Belgian regional elections, she has been a member of the Flemish Parliament for the Antwerp list. In the parliament, she focuses on matters related to housing.
# Soghan

Soghan may refer to:
* Soghan District, Iran
* Soghan Rural District, Iran
* Soghan, a sub-kingdom or lordship of Uí Mháine, a medieval kingdom of Ireland
# Soininen

Soininen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Heidi Soininen (born 1978), maiden name of Heidi Schauman, Finnish economist
* Heikki Soininen (1891–1957), Finnish farmer and politician
* Jani Soininen (born 1972), Finnish ski jumper
* Jaron Soininen, drummer of the South Australian band Universum
* Lauri Soininen (1875–1919), Finnish poet and journalist
* Michael Soininen, guitarist and vocalist of the South Australian band Universum
* Mikael Soininen (1860–1924), Finnish educationist and politician
# Soinsee

Soinsee is a lake in Mangfallgebirge, Bavaria, Germany. At an elevation of 1458 m, its surface area is 4.97 ha.
* This Bavaria location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Social class in Italy

Social classes in Italy are bourgeoisie, white-collar middle class, urban petite bourgeoisie, rural petite bourgeoisie, urban working class and rural working class.

## 1970s Italian social classes according to Labini

In his Essay on social classes the Italian economist Paolo Sylos Labini presented the following classification, based on his analysis of income distribution:
* Bourgeoisie (properly so called), composed by big urban and rural landowners; entrepreneurs and managers of stock companies; autonomous professionals;
* Petite bourgeoisie
** Clerical petite bourgeoisie
** Relatively autonomous petite bourgeoisie: farmers, artisans (including small professionals), traders;
** Petite bourgeoisie composed by particular categories, such as militaries and clergymen;
* Working class;
* Lumpenproletariat.

## Contemporary Italian social structure

A hierarchy of social class rank in Italy today.
    1. Bourgeoisie (10% of the working population) includes high-class entrepreneurs, managers, politicians, self-employed people, highest-ranking celebrities, etc.
    2. White-collar middle class (17% of the working population) includes middle class workers not employed in manual work.
    3. Urban petite bourgeoisie (14% of the working population), is mainly made up of shopkeepers, small-business entrepreneurs, self-employed artisans etc.
    4. Rural petite bourgeoisie (10% of the working population) consists of small entrepreneurs or estate owners who operate in the countryside, mainly in agriculture and forestry.
    5. Urban working class (37% of the working population) refers to the people employed in manual work.
    6. Rural working class (9% of the working population) consists of people operating in the primary industry, such as farmers, loggers, fishermen etc.
# Software product liability

Software vendor liability is the issue of product liability for software bugs that cause harm, such as security bugs or bugs causing medical errors. For the most part, this liability does not exist in the United States. The possibility of liability is excluded for most software in the European Union Product Liability Directive 1985 but is explicitly provided for in the update issued in 2024.
# Soliga

Soliga or Sholaga may refer to:
* The Soliga people of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, India
* Sholaga language, the Dravidian language spoken by them
# Soganaclia tsaratananae

Soganaclia tsaratananae is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae first described by Paul Griveaud in 1970. It is found in northern Madagascar where it seems to be confined to the high altitudes of the Tsaratanana Massif.
The wingspan of the male adults is about 20 mm. This species looks similar to Soganaclia roedereri but is a little bigger in size.
# Solmsen

Solmsen is a family name and may refer to:
* Felix Solmsen [de] (1865–1911), German linguist
* Friedrich Solmsen (1904–1989), German classical scholar
# Solmssen

Solmssen is a family name and may refer to:
* Arthur R.G. Solmssen (1928–2018), American lawyer and novelist
* Georg Solmssen (1869–1957), German banker
* Peter York Solmssen (born 1955), American lawyer and business executive
# Sohail Akhtar

Sohail Akhtar (born 2 March 1986) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Abbottabad in the 2012–13 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 25 January 2013. He plays for Lahore Qalandars in the Pakistan Super League and was their captain until he was replaced by Shaheen Afridi for the 2022 season.

## Domestic career

Sohail Akhtar made his first-class debut for Abbottabad in the 2012–13 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 25 January 2013. He also played for the team in the 2013–14 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. Sohail Akhtar was named in Lahore Qalandars's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Super League. In April 2018, He was named in Punjab's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. Later, he was named in Northern's squad for 2019–20 National T20 Cup.

## Personal life

Akhtar was born in Haripur and speaks Hindko as his native language.
# Some Shapes to Come

Some Shapes to Come is the debut album by American saxophonist Steve Grossman. It was released in 1974 by PM Records.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
At AllMusic, critic Vincent Thomas writes about Some Shapes to Come that:
   [...] is an album you can stand up against almost any of the jazz fusion standouts of the '70s. No, it can't go toe to toe with that era's seminal landmark albums (Bitches Brew, Multiple, Black Market, Emergency!, etc), but in terms of artistry, musicianship, and ambition it is among the next tier of thoroughly excellent works [...] There are no lowlights on this album, no soft moments. Often overlooked, it is one of the '70s most unheralded jazz gems [...]
At Record Collector magazine, viewer Jamie Atkins notes that:
   [...] 1973's Some Shapes To Come is a wild ride, and a logical extension of the boundary-pushing hard-bop direction in which Grossman and Gene Perla (bass) had been heading with Elvin Jones (check out 1972's Live at the Lighthouse). Add Don Alias (Bitches Brew, Don Juan's Reckless Daughter) on loose, exploratory percussion and Jan Hammer of Mahavishnu Orchestra on keys and you have a pretty spicy proposition on your hands [...]

## Personnel

* Steve Grossman – tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone
* Don Alias – drums, congas, bongos, bells
* Gene Perla – electric bass, acoustic bass, mixed by (mixing engineer), producer
* Jan Hammer – electric piano, synthesizer (Moog)
* Jamie Farfan – artwork (cover painting)
* David Le Sage – engineer (overdub)
* Mark "Moogy" Klingman – engineer (recording)
* Charles Suber – liner notes
* Anne Marie Schnider – photography by, design (cover design)
# Some Songs

Some Songs is the tenth studio album by Canadian country music artist Terri Clark. It was released on September 2, 2014, via BareTrack Records/Universal Music Canada. Clark teamed with PledgeMusic for the album.
Some Songs was produced by Michael Knox. Clark co-wrote five of the album's ten tracks.

## Critical reception

Dean Gordon-Smith of The Morning Star called the album "a blunt and easy going dose of country rock without frills." He wrote that it "has a mid-range, confident sound and Clark never sounds like she’s pushing herself."

## Chart performance
### Album

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| Canadian Albums (Billboard) | 21 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions |
| Year | Single | CAN Country |
| 2014 | "Some Songs" | 20 |
| 2014 | "Longer" | 28 |
| 2015 | "I Cheated on You" | — |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart |||
# Sol Rabinowitz

Saul "Sol" Rabinowitz (April 26, 1924 – March 16, 2013) was an American music business executive. He was the founder and lead producer of Baton Records, an independent record label that recorded rhythm and blues music in New York City during the 1950s.

## Biography

He was born in The Bronx, New York City, the son of a Latvian-born rabbi and a Ukrainian mother, and trained as a printer before joining the Army Air Corps during World War II. He developed an interest in jazz and blues music, and began visiting clubs in New York. After the end of the war, he started work as a record salesman, before setting up Baton Records in 1954. His first record, "A Thousand Stars" by the Rivileers, was a regional hit.
Over the next few years, the label was responsible for several moderate sized R&B hits, for The Hearts, Ann Cole - including the original version of "Got My Mojo Working" - and Noble "Thin Man" Watts.
He closed the business in 1959, setting up Sir Records, which was unsuccessful. In 1961 he joined Columbia Records, and was responsible for the relaunch of the OKeh label, and for the development of the Epic label. He was appointed a vice-president at CBS International in 1966, and set up a new division of the company in Greece before retiring in 1986.
After his retirement he lived in Cary, North Carolina. He died in 2013 at the age of 88.
# Solonka

Solonka is a name for multiple settlements in Eastern Europe. It may refer to one of the following:
* Sołonka, a village in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland.
* Solonka, Volgograd Oblast, a village in Volgograd Oblast, Russia.
* Solonka, Ukraine, a village in Lviv Oblast, Ukraine.
# Soledad River

The Soledad River (Río Soledad) is a river of Chiapas state in southern Mexico. It flows through the municipality of Altamirano, Chiapas. This river is also in a book.
# Sonny Boy Nelson

Sonny Boy Nelson (December 23, 1908 – November 4, 1998) was an American Delta blues musician.

## Biography

He was born Eugene Powell, in Utica, Mississippi, United States, the child of an interracial affair. His white father soon abandoned the family. His family moved to a plantation at Lombardy near Shelby, Mississippi. He learned to play the guitar by the age of seven. He and his half-brother Ben (playing mandolin) performed as a novelty act at picnics and suppers and for prisoners at the Mississippi State Penitentiary. In 1915, his half-brother Bennie "Sugar" Wilson may have been the inspiration for Nelson to learn to play the mandolin-banjo. Nelson became friends with the Chatmon family (see Sam Chatmon), as both families worked together on the Kelly Drew Plantation, in Hollandale, Mississippi.
In 1935, he married the singer Mississippi Matilda. The following year, the couple, in the company of Willie Harris, Robert Hill, and members of the Mississippi Sheiks, traveled to New Orleans, Louisiana, to record for Bluebird Records. She and Nelson separated in 1952, and she relocated to Chicago, Illinois, with their six children.
Nelson played many instruments, including banjo, guitar, harmonica, horn, mandolin and violin. He played lead most of the time when accompanied by another musician. Nelson's guitar was a Silvertone in which he inserted an aluminium resonator similar to those of the National guitar. He also fitted a seventh string, using 12-string models as inspiration. The extra string was C an octave higher than the conventional string. Later electric styles overshadowed his fame, and he went on to live a quiet life until his death.
Nelson died in November 1998, in Greenville, Mississippi, at the age of 89.
# Solomon Kondowe

Solomon Kondowe (born 23 September 1960) is a Malawian boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Somebody's Chelsea

"Somebody's Chelsea" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Reba McEntire. It is the fourth single from her 2010 album All the Women I Am.

## Content

McEntire told Taste of Country that the inspiration for the song came from a line of dialogue in the film P.S. I Love You, in which Hilary Swank's character describes her loving, deceased husband named Gerry to Harry Connick, Jr.'s character, and Connick's character says that he "wants to be somebody's Gerry". McEntire then e-mailed the idea to songwriter Liz Hengber. The song is the first time since "Only in My Mind" in 1985 that McEntire co-wrote one of her own singles.
The song focuses on the narrator, who converses with an elderly man (played by Ed Asner in the music video) on an airplane. The man then tells her of how much he loved his wife, Chelsea, who has died. In the chorus, the narrator sings that she "wants to be somebody's Chelsea." McEntire chose the name Chelsea because it is her granddaughter's name.

## Critical reception

Thom Jurek of Allmusic thought that the song was "more natural-sounding balladry" in comparison to the rest of the album, which he called "contrived". It received a five-star rating from Bobby Peacock of Roughstock, who said, "Underneath a radio-friendly, slick exterior, the song reveals a powerful, moving story." Andrew Greenhalgh of Country Standard Time wrote that the song "is out for tears".

## Chart performance

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 44 |
# Sorting and assembly machinery

The outer mitochondrial membrane is made up of two essential proteins, Tom40 and Sam50.

## Tom40

Tom40 is a protein import pore required for the import of precursor proteins across the outer mitochondrial membrane, and it makes up part of the translocase of the outer membrane.

## Sam50

Sam50 is a subunit of the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) of the outer membrane.
The sorting and assembly machinery is a protein complex, that operates after the translocase of the outer membrane, to mediate insertion of beta barrel proteins into the outer mitochondrial membrane.

## Complex components

The sorting and assembly machinery is made up of three subunits, Sam35, Sam37, and Sam50, of which Sam50 is embedded within the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Both Sam35 and Sam37 are located on the cytosolic face of the SAM complex are peripheral membrane proteins that are not essential for survival.
Sam35 is believed to bind to substrate proteins, while Sam37 acts after Sam35 to stimulate release of the substrate protein from the SAM complex.

## Protein import and integration

The sorting and assembly machinery is required for the assembly of beta barrel proteins, this includes proteins such as the Tom40 import pore and porin.
Like all mitochondrial proteins, beta barrel proteins are transported into the intermembrane space of mitochondria via the translocase of the outer membrane.
Following import, beta barrel proteins are transported to the SAM complex by chaperone complexes, formed by assembly of the small Tim proteins.
The complex formed by the three sorting and assembly machinery subunits (SAM core complex), is responsible for the integration of beta barrel proteins into the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Mdm10 is another mitochondrial membrane protein, that is responsible for maintaining mitochondrial morphology and distribution. It has been found to interact with the SAM core complex, and may play a role in assembling Tom40 into the translocase of the outer membrane.
# Sophonias

Sophonias may refer to:
* Sophonias (fl. c. 600 BC), Greco-Latin form of the name of the Hebrew religious leader, Zephaniah
* Sophonias (commentator) (fl. c. 1300), commentator on Aristotle
# Someday My Prince Will Come (disambiguation)

"Someday My Prince Will Come" is a song from Walt Disney's 1937 animated movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
Someday My Prince Will Come may also refer to:

## Music

* Someday My Prince Will Come (Wynton Kelly album), 1961
* Someday My Prince Will Come (Miles Davis album), 1961
* Someday My Prince Will Come (Chet Baker album), 1979
* "Someday My Prince Will Come", a song by '68 Comeback, 1996
* Someday My Prince Will Come, an album by Alexis Cole, 2009

## Television

* "Someday My Prince Will Come" (Roseanne), a 1996 episode
* Someday My Prince Will Come, a 2005 documentary by Marc Isaacs
# Sommer's sector

Sommer's Sector is region CA1 of the hippocampus, a part of the human brain. It is particularly vulnerable to hypoxic or ischemic damage and is one of the first brain regions to show gross changes in cerebral hypoxia. Sommer's sector is one of the vulnerable areas in global cerebral ischemia. Generally, the hippocampus is responsible for longterm memory, and the CA1 area appears to help recall autobiographical memory and detailed memory.
# Sotetsu 11000 series

The Sotetsu 11000 series (相鉄11000系) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type operated by the private railway operator Sagami Railway (Sotetsu) in Japan since June 2009, replacing aging 5000 and 7000 series trains. Based on the JR E233-1000 series design, cars have four pairs of sliding doors per side.

## Formation

As of 1 April 2016, the fleet consists of five ten-car sets, based at Kashiwadai Depot and formed as follows.
| Car No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Designation | Tc2 | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | T1 | T2 | M5 | M6 | Tc1 |
| Numbering | 11000 | 11100 | 11200 | 11300 | 11400 | 11500 | 11600 | 11700 | 11800 | 11900 |
Car 2 has two single-arm pantographs, and cars 4 and 8 each have one.

## Interior

Cars 1 and 10 have wheelchair spaces. Cars 4 and 9 are designated as mildly air-conditioned cars.
* Driver's cab
* Interior view
* Priority seating
* Wheelchair space
* LCD passenger information displays

## History

The first set was delivered from Tokyu Car Corporation (now J-TREC) in October 2008, and entered revenue-earning service from 15 June 2009.
A fifth set, 11005, was delivered in January 2013.
# Sony CLIÉ PEG-TH55

The Clié PEG-TH55 is a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) which was manufactured by Sony. The PEG-TH55 ran Palm OS (version 5) and featured a built-in camera, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth on non-US versions and an MP3/Atrac Player.

## Specifications

* Palm OS: 5.2.1
* CPU: 123 MHz Sony Handheld Engine
* Memory: 32MB
* Display: 320 x 480, 16bit Colour, hardware assisted rotation and scaling
* Sound: Internal audio amplifier and speaker, hardware assisted MP3 decoding
* External Connectors: Sony T-series connector, headphone jack
* Expansion: Memory Stick Pro
* Wireless: Infrared, 802.11b, Bluetooth (on non-US versions)
* Camera: 640x480 CMOS with shutter
* Infrared: IRDA-compatible
* Battery: Rechargeable Li-Ion
* Size & Weight: 6.5 oz
* Colour: Gray, Black
# Sounds of Violence

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Metal Forces | (9/10) |
Sounds of Violence is the fifth studio album by English thrash metal band Onslaught, released on 28 January 2011 through AFM Records in Europe and 8 February in North America. This was Onslaught's first album not to feature a new singer, as Sy Keeler remained with the band after their previous album Killing Peace. In addition to standard CD formats, Sounds of Violence was also released on limited black vinyl (only 666 copies) in a gatefold sleeve and a Limited Digipack. For the Japanese release the album also featured a re-recording of "Angels of Death" and "Thermonuclear Devastation" taken from their debut album Power from Hell. Sounds of Violence outsold the previous album Killing Peace in less than one year. In February 2012, the band has been listed by the webzine Metal Storm as the sixth best Thrash Metal Album of 2011.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Nige Rockett; all music is composed by Nige Rockett and Andy Rosser-Davies

## Personnel

* Sy Keeler - vocals
* Nige Rockett - guitar
* Andy Rosser-Davies - guitar
* Jeff Williams - bass
* Steve Grice - drums
# Sorocephalus capitatus

Sorocephalus capitatusis, the woolly clusterhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Sorocephalus and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape where it occurs on the Piketberg and Onderboskloof in the Koue Bokkeveld.
The shrub grows only 80 cm tall, tends to spread and flowers from September to February. Fire destroys the plant but the seeds survive. The plant is bisexual and pollination takes place through the action of insects. Two months after the plant has flowered, the fruit ripens and the seeds fall to the ground where they are spread by ants. The plant grows in sandy patches between sandstone at elevations of 910 – 1200 m.
# South Hill, Anguilla

South Hill is one of the fourteen Districts of Anguilla. Its population at the 2011 census was 1,722.

## Education

There is one government school in the town, Adrian T. Hazell Primary School. Albena Lake-Hodge Comprehensive School in The Valley serves secondary students.

## Demographics

Historical population of South Hill, Anguilla (Source: Statoids.com) :
| Year | 1974 | 1984 | 1994 | 2001 | 2011 |
| Population | 774 | 961 | 1,102 | 1,495 | 1,722 |
# South Newbury, Ohio

South Newbury is an unincorporated community in Geauga County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

One of the earliest schoolhouses in the area was built in South Newbury in 1820. A post office called South Newbury was established in 1868, and remained in operation until 1907.