OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Renate Prince

Renate Prince (born 1929) born Renate Prinz, is a German-born, New Zealand-trained architect who worked in Auckland in the early 1950s as part of the architecture and development group Structural Developments and then as a partner in Hobin Prince Architects. She is known for jointly designing, along with Dick Hobin, two experimental and modernist houses, the Taylor House at 16A Mays Road, Devonport, and the Bryant House at 81 Forrest Hill Road, Milford. As at 2023 both these houses can still be seen in Auckland. She subsequently moved to London in the 1950s and continued to work there as an architect and architectural engineer for over 40 years.

## Early life

Prince was born to Lina Prinz in 1929 in Germany. In 1940 Prince emigrated to New Zealand with her mother and brother because of the Nazi regime and the resulting dangers to the family. Upon arrival in New Zealand the family used the name Prince and established themselves in Christchurch. Prince attended Canterbury University College from 1946 but in 1948 she was studying architecture at the University of Auckland.
While at the University of Auckland Prince met her professional and personal partner Dick Hobin as he was also studying architecture. During this time Prince also met Frank Sargeson and in 1951 began boarding at the army hut on his property. In doing so she joined an important hub of writers, architects and other cultural influencers.

## Professional life

It was during this time that Prince was employed by the architectural firm Structural Developments helping to design two experimental and modernist houses – the Taylor House at 16A Mays Road, Devonport, and the Bryant House at 81 Forrest Hill Road, Milford.
In July 1952 Prince left New Zealand for the United Kingdom, working as an architect in London again in partnership with Hobin. In the mid-1950s Prince enrolled at Ulm School of Design and subsequently graduated from that institution with a Diplom-Ingenieur. After graduating she continued to work in London undertaking engineering and architectural commissions and also taught at the Architectural Association.
In 1968 Prince took part in protests against the Vietnam War. During this time she designed kits and pontoons to be used for bridge building in Northern Vietnam. She also campaigned for British architects to boycott products produced by Dow Chemicals as a result of that company manufacturing the napalm used in the war.

## Personal life

Prince lived in London and for over 40 years shared her life with Martin Birnstingl until his death in 2011.
# Vazhvanthol waterfalls

Vazhvanthol Waterfalls is a scenic waterfalls located inside Peppara wildlife sanctuary in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala state, India. It is situated around 46 km (29 mi) from Thiruvananthapuram on the way to Bonacaud.
# Variospora aurantia

Variospora aurantia is a species of lichen belonging to the family Teloschistaceae. In Sicily, it has been reported as a host for the lichenicolous fungus species Muellerella lichenicola.
# Variophone

The Variophone was developed by Evgeny Sholpo in 1930 at Lenfilm Studio Productions, in Leningrad, the Soviet Union, during his experiments with graphical sound techniques, also known as ornamental, drawn, paper, artificial or synthetic sound. In his research Sholpo was assisted by the composer Georgy Rimsky‐Korsakov. The Variophone was an optical synthesizer that utilized sound waves cut onto cardboard disks rotating synchronously with a moving 35mm movie film while being photographed onto it to produce a continuous soundtrack. Afterwards this filmstrip is played as a normal movie by means of a film projector. Being read by photocell, amplified and monitored by a loudspeaker, it functions as a musical recording process.
Although with the first version of the Variophone, polyphonic soundtracks of up to 6 voices could be produced by shooting of several monophonic parts and combining them later, by the late 1930s and 1940s, some soundtracks contained up to twelve voices, recorded as tiny parallel tracks inside the normal soundtrack area.
At the same time in the Soviet Union several other artists were experimenting with similar ideas. The first artificial soundtrack ever created was drawn in 1930 by composer and musical theorist Arseny Avraamov who was working with a hand-drawn technique for producing sound effects. Nikolai Voinov, Ter‐Gevondian and Konstantinov were developing paper sound techniques. Boris Yankovsky was developing his spectral analysis, decomposition and resynthesis technique, resembling the recent computer music techniques of cross synthesis and the phase vocoder.
Many sound films and artificial soundtracks for movies and cartoons were produced by means of the Variophone, including the popular sound-films, often broadcast in 1930-1940s Symphony of the Piece and Torreodor. At the end of 1941 Siege of Leningrad, the Variophon was destroyed when the last missile exploded. After World War II, Evgeny Sholpo became the director of the new Scientific‐Research Laboratory for Graphical sound at the State Research Institute for Sound Recording, in Leningrad.
The fourth and final version of Variophone was not finished, despite promising experiments in musical intonation and the temporal characteristics of live musical performance. The laboratory was moved to Moscow and Sholpo was removed from his position as director. In 1951, after a long illness, Evgeny Sholpo died and his laboratory was closed.
Documentation for the Variophones was transferred to the Acoustical Laboratory at Moscow State Conservatory and later, to the Theremin Center. In 2007, several hours of graphical soundtracks produced with the Variophone were discovered in a Moscow film archive and await publishing.
# VanHacks

VanHacks is an annual hackathon that is part of Vancouver Startup Week. The focus of the hackathon is creating solutions for local non-profit organizations from the Vancouver area over the course of 36 hours. Sponsors of the event have included KPMG, Best Buy, Slack (software), Lighthouse Labs, Nespresso, and Red Bull.

## History

VanHacks was created in 2016 by TTT Studios. The event did not run in 2017. In 2018 and 2019 VanHacks partnered with Vancouver Startup Week, and served as an official hackathon for the week long event held in September.
The 2018 and 2019 versions of the event were held at the TEC Hub at the downtown campus of BCIT (British Columbia Institute of Technology).
# Vellalapalayam

Vellalapalayam is a panchayat village in Gobichettipalayam taluk in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, India. It is about 5 km from Gobichettipalayam and 40 km from district headquarters Erode. Vellalapalayam is hometown for famous temples of Gobhichettipalayam including Pariyur Kondathu Kaliamman temple and Pavalamalai MuthuKumaraswamy Temple and has a population of about 4958.
# Vasilescu

Vasilescu is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gheorghe Vasilescu
* Laura Vasilescu (born 1984), Romanian handballer
* Leluț Vasilescu
* Lia Olguța Vasilescu (born 1974), Romanian politician
* Nicolae Vasilescu-Karpen (1870–1964), Romanian engineer and physicist
* Paraschiv Vasilescu (1864–1925), Romanian general in World War I
* Răzvan Vasilescu (born 1954), Romanian actor
* Tora Vasilescu (born 1954), Romanian actress
# Vedesa Tirtha

Vedesha Tirtha (c. 1570 - c. 1620) (also known as Vedesha Bhiksu also spelles as Vedesha Bikshu), was an Indian Hindu scholar and theologian in the Dvaita Vedānta tradition. He was the disciple of Raghuttama Tirtha, and is the most celebrated name in the annals of the Dvaita Vedanta. He is a Bidi-Sanyasi (stray ascetic) and not pontiff of any matha (monastery).

## Early life

Vedesa was born in 1570 CE in a pious Kannada-speaking Deshastha Brahmin family in present day North Karnataka region. He studied under the guidance of Raghuttama Tirtha and was his disciple. He wrote many commentaries on the Upanishads and other prominent works. He died in 1620 and his tomb is enshrined in Manur in present day North Karnataka, where he studied all shastras under Raghuttama Tirtha Mahaswamiji.

## Works

Vedesha Bhiksu composed ten major works, most of them are commentaries and glosses on the works of Madhva and Jayatirtha.
* Tattvoddyota Panchika - a gloss on Tattvoddyota of Madhva
* Pramāṇalakṣaṇaṭikā Vyakhyana - a gloss on Pramāṇalakṣaṇaṭikā of Jayatirtha
* Viṣṇutattvanirṇayaṭikā Vyakhyana - a gloss on Viṣṇutattvanirṇayaṭikā of Jayatirtha
* Kathālakṣaṇavivarana Vyakhyana - a gloss on Kathālakṣaṇavivarana of Jayatirtha.
* Karmaṅirṅayaṭikā Vyakhyana - a gloss on Karmaṅirṅayaṭikā of Jayatirtha.
* Aitareya Upanishad Bhashya - a commentary on Aitareya Upanishad Bhashya of Madhva
* Chandogya Upanishad Bhashya - a commentary on Chandogya Upanishad Bhashya of Madhva
* Katha Upanishad Bhashya - a commentary on Katha Upanishad Bhashya of Madhva
* Talabavara tippani - a commentary on Kena Upanishad Bhashya of Madhva.
* Pramāṇapaddhatī Vyakhyana - a gloss on Pramāṇapaddhatī of Jayatirtha

## Brindavana

His tomb is at Manur on the bank of Bhima river, which was a center of learning right from the days of predecessors of Raghuttama Tirtha himself.
# Veora Johnson

Veora Johnson (April 21, 1910- November 15, 2001) was an Arizona educator and humanitarian. She was the first black educational administrator in Arizona.

## Biography

Johnson was born on April 21, 1910, in Navasota, Texas to Albert and Annie Blackshear Johnson. She was their eighth child out off ten. Johnson was the valedictorian of her high school class and graduated magna cum laude from Prairie View University at just eighteen. She went on to earn a degree in elementary administration from Arizona State University. Johnson was the founding president of the Delta Beta Omega chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority at Arizona State. She started the first black Greek letter organization in Arizona, Alpha Sigma. She also completed graduate work at the University of Arizona, the University of Hawaiʻi, and the University of Southern California, and collected several bachelor's and master's degrees.
In 1927, Johnson, a student at Prairie View Normal Institute, was planning on going to California to be an actress. At the time, Mesa superintendent Herman Hendrix was contacting university presidents looking for a young Black teacher to join the district to serve as a role model for the Black students in the classroom. At her principal's behest, she instead went to Arizona to teach at the Booker T. Washington Elementary School in Mesa. The school was a Black school in a segregated district, with many students not graduating from high school. Johnson had learned to teach high school, so the Mesa school district paid for her to attend night school to learn how to teach elementary grades. Johnson was generous, giving needy students clothing and toiletries, and finding people to make dresses for girls who could not afford them for graduation.
Johnson taught at Booker T. Washington Elementary for seventeen years. In 1945, she became the school's principal. In this position, Johnson was the first Black woman in Arizona to hold administration credentials in education and the first Black principal in Mesa. She became the principal of Irving Elementary in 1967. She also served as a curriculum and primary education consultant for the city. Johnson retired in 1974.
Johnson served on seven boards. Two were at the state level. One was by Supreme Court appointment.
Johnson died on November 15, 2001, of stomach cancer. She was buried in Navasota, Texas.

## Legacy and Honors

On Martin Luther King Day, the Mesa MLK Committee awards the Veora E. Johnson Spirit of Unity awards.
* Golden Soror
* 1953: Mesa's Citizen of the Year
* 1958: Who's Who in Arizona
* 1967: American Association of University Women Woman of the Year
* 1974: World Who's Who of Women
* 1983: The Veora E. Johnson Elementary School in Mesa, Arizona is named in Johnson's honor. This was the first time an elementary school had been named for someone from the school district.
* 1985: Arizona State University Medallion of Excellence
* 2004: Arizona Women's Hall of Fame
# Venice, Missouri

Venice is an unincorporated community in Shannon County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is located on Missouri Route 19, northwest of Eminence and south of Round Spring.

## History

A post office called Venice was established in 1913, and remained in operation until 1933. The name was selected from an early postmaster's reading material.
# Velneshwar

Velneshwar is a village on the western coast of Maharashtra, India, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) from Ratnagiri.
Velneshwar is known for its rock-free beach. There is an old Shiva temple near Velneshwar which is frequently visited by pilgrims. The village follows the Smarta tradition and the people of the village worship Lord Ganesha, Shiva, Vishnu, Surya and Durga.
This village is considered to be the root of the Gokhale, Raste (Gokhale), Gadgil, Govande, Savarkar, Tulpule, Velankar and Ghag families, now residing in Nayashi, Dahivali and some other villages in Ratnagiri district, and has their family shrine.
# Verhaeren

Verhaeren is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alfred Verhaeren (1849–1924), Belgian painter
* Émile Verhaeren (1855–1916), Belgian poet and art critic
* Jacco Verhaeren (born 1969), Dutch swimming coach and manager
# Verhackert

Verhackert is an Austrian spread made out of chopped bacon, minced garlic and salt. It bears similarities to bacon jam, a bacon-based relish which includes sugar unlike verhackert. The spread was invented in Styria, Austria and is usually served cold on thick slices of bread.

## Recipe

Verhackert is typically made with chopped speck or bacon which is mixed with minced garlic and pumpkin seed oil. The speck goes through a process of salt-curing and cold-smoking before being prepared as verhackert.
# Verhaeghe

Verhaeghe may refer to:
* Bart Verhaeghe (born 1965), Belgian footballer and club president
* Carter Verhaeghe (born 1995), Canadian ice hockey centre for the Florida Panthers
* Marie Tamarelle-Verhaeghe (born 1962), French Democratic Movement politician
* Paul Verhaeghe (born 1955), Belgian clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst
* Verhaeghe Brewery, Belgian brewery
# Venedy Township, Washington County, Illinois

Venedy Township is located in Washington County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 404 and it contained 201 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 22.36 square miles (57.9 km$^2$), of which 22.26 square miles (57.7 km$^2$) (or 99.55%) is land and 0.09 square miles (0.23 km$^2$) (or 0.40%) is water.
# Vendegies

Vendegies may refer to:

## Places

* Vendegies-sur-Écaillon, a commune in the Nord Department in northern France.
* Vendegies-au-Bois, a commune in the Nord Department in northern France.
# Vendegies-au-Bois

Vendegies-au-Bois (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Vendegies-au-Bois | The arms of Vendegies-au-Bois are blazoned : Vairy Or and azure. (Beaurain, Nieurlet and Vendegies-au-Bois use the same arms.) |
# Verrières Viaduct

The Verrières Viaduct is a curved 720-metre concrete autoroute box girder bridge in the south of France, which at one point was briefly the highest bridge in France; it is almost 500 feet tall.

## History
### Design

It would be the highest bridge in France. It has a concrete road deck, built on steel girders. The concrete piers are from 40 metres to 140 metres in height. Société d'études techniques et économiques (SETEC) carried out design work for the shape of the road deck.
P3 pier would be the highest at 141.36m.

### Construction

In August 1999, construction began of the steel deck structure on-site. In January 2002, the bridge deck was incrementally launched from one side. The bridge was too high to be built with a crane. 6,200 tonnes of steel were built, with 22,000 cubic metres of concrete for the five concrete piers. Groupe Razel built the concrete piers.
The steelwork was built by Société d'études R. Foucault et Associés (SERF) of Cergy in Paris (Île-de-France).
Construction finished in January 2002.
# Verrucaria hydrophila

Verrucaria hydrophila is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in freshwater habitats in Europe, it was formally described as a new species in 2013 by lichenologist Alan Orange. The type specimen was collected by the author from Melindwr, Coed y Fron Wyllt (Bontuchel, Wales), where it was found in a woodland growing on a shaded stone in a stream. The lichen has a thin, smooth, grey-green to brownish thallus that is somewhat translucent when wet. It is widespread in Europe and the British Isles, where it grows on rocks and stones in streams and seepages; the species epithet refers to its semi-aquatic habitat.
# Verrucaria kiyosumiensis

Verrucaria kiyosumiensis is a species saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in semi-freshwater habitats in Chiba Prefecture, central Japan, it was formally described as a new species in 2001 by lichenologist Hiroshi Harada. The lichen has almost spherical, exposed black perithecia measuring 0.15–0.25 mm in diameter, and dark purplish brown perithecial walls lacking a distinct involucrellum. The periphyses are 10–15 μm long with pointed apices, and its ascospores have dimensions of 12–16 by 5–7 μm. The lichen has an indistinct thallus.
# Verrucaria muralis

Verrucaria muralis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling, crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. It is a common species with an almost cosmopolitan distribution, occurring in an altitudinal range extending from the lowlands to the subalpine zone. It grows on calcareous rocks and walls. It was first formally described as a new species in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius.

## Description

The epilithic thallus of Verrucaria muralis is thin (0.02–0.2 mm thick,) and greyish. It has medium-sized hemispherically protruding perithecia, more or less spherical pale exciples with a well-developed involucrellum of medium thickness that usually reaches down to the middle part of the perithecium (rarely deeper). The hymenium has sparsely branched-anastomosing paraphyses of about 30–50 μm in length, and spores measuring 18–25 by 8–13 μm.
In a study of lichen growth rate, Bruce Fink reported in 1917 that it increased in diameter 0.6 cm in 1 year.
Verrucaria marinomuralis is a superficially similar species occurring on non-calcareous seaside rocks in the splash zone or above in central Japan and in Europe. Besides their different ecology, only minor morphological differences separate the two species. Another similar species, Verrucaria epilithea, differs from V. muralis by having a pale, rather than dark, exciple.

## Species interactions

Lichenopeltella coppinsii is a lichenicolous fungus that grows on V. muralis. Opegrapha hochstetteri is another lichenicolous fungus that grows on the lichen; its presence causes little damage to its host.

## Habitat and distribution

The lichen is widely distributed in Fennoscandia and Baltic countries. It was reported for the first time in Korea in 2009.
# Vexitomina metcalfei

Vexitomina metcalfei is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 20 mm.
The holotype is a faded shell in the British Museum. This species varies in size, colour, and sculpture. It reaches a length of 20 mm., with nineteen tubercules on the penultimate whorl, and is usually dark chestnut picked out with buff on the shoulder nodules. The operculum is unguiculate with a terminal nucleus.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South Wales and Queensland.
# Vexillum zelotypum

Vexillum zelotypum, common name the jealous mitre, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 18 mm.
(Original description) The shell is ovate. The whorls are rounded at the upper part, longitudinally ribbed, transversely strongly cancellately ridged. They are banded throughout with yellow and white. The columella is four-plaited. The interior of the aperture is pale violet.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Samoa.
# Verde paisaje del Infierno

Verde paisaje del Infierno (Green landscape of Hell) is the sixth album by Argentine rock band Los Piojos, released in 2000.

## Track listing

All tracks by Andrés Ciro Martínez except where noted.
* "María y José" [Mary & Joseph] – 4:38
* "Labios de seda" [Lips of silk] – 4:10
* "Luz de marfil" [Ivory light] – 5:24
* "Vine hasta aquí" [I came up here](Daniel Fernandez) – 4:38
* "Globalización" [Globalization] – 3:43
* "Fijate" [Look] – 3:52
* "Reggae rojo y negro" [Red and black reggae] (Fernandez) – 4:16
* "Ruleta" [Roulette] – 4:16
* "Morella" [Morella] – 4:12
* "La luna y la cabra" [The moon and the goat] – 3:30
* "Media caña" [Half reed] – 5:14
* "Mi babe" [My babe] – 4:42
* "Merecido" [Deserved] – 4:13
* "San Jauretche" [Saint Jauretche] – 5:00

## Personnel

* Peteco Carabajal – violin
* Sebastian "Roger" Cardero – drums, percussion, backing vocals
* Demian Chorovicz – engineer
* Fernando Dieguez – drums
* Daniel "Piti" Fernandez – guitar, backing vocals
* Chango Farías Gómez – percussion
* Gustavo Hernan Kupinski – bandoneon, guitar, backing vocals
* Nora Lezano – photography
* Andrés Ciro Martínez – audio production, backing vocals, flute, guitar, harmonic, percussion, producer, vocals
* Ricardo Mollo – guitar, vocals
* Miguel Angel Rodriguez – vocals
* Alvaro Torres – keyboards, piano
* Ricardo Troilo – engineer
# Vernon Midgley

Vernon Midgley (born 28 May 1940) is an English tenor.

## Life and career

Midgley was born in Worcester Park, Surrey. His parents were the tenor Walter Midgley and the pianist Gladys Midgley. His sister is the soprano Maryetta Midgley.
He was educated at Bishop's Stortford College and the Royal Academy of Music, where he studied music and the piano as a Sisselle Way Scholar.
He first worked as an entomologist at the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Pest infestation Headquarters at Tolworth, Surrey.
He began broadcasting in Lights of London in 1971. and he has sung with the Ambrosian Opera Chorus and with most of the military and brass bands in Britain. He has sung in many full-length opera and operettas on BBC Radio 3, and he has also performed on BBC Radio 2 in Grand Hotel, Ring Up the Curtain, Among Your Souvenirs, Your Hundred Best Tunes, Baker's Dozen, Glamorous Nights, Friday Night is Music Night, Melodies for You and Walter Midgley Remembers. He appeared frequently on BBC TV's long running variety show The Good Old Days with his sister Maryetta.
For some considerable time in the early 1960s he played Freddie in the stage production of My Fair Lady at Drury Lane. In the United States, he is perhaps best known as the singing voice of Josef Locke, who was played by Ned Beatty in the film Hear My Song.
Midgley is married to the New Zealand soprano Alexandra Gordon, with one son and one daughter. He teaches voice at the National Academy of Singing and Dramatic Arts at Ara Institute of Canterbury, New Zealand.
He is featured, with his sister Maryetta, on the song "Witness to a Murder (Part Two)" on Mansun's 1998 album Six.

## Discography

* Jerome Kern: Show Boat, conducted by John McGlinn, EMI, 1988
* Melodies Melodies All The Way, Maryetta and Vernon Midgley, orchestra of romance conducted by Harold Geller, produced by Bob Bowman. Philips International Series vinyl album 6382 113
* Maryetta and Vernon Midgley At Your Request with Gladys Midgley pianoforte, recording director John L Timperley, produced by Daniel Smeeton, MVM Records vinyl album Stereo MVM 1124
* Maryetta and Vernon Midgley Hosanna with The Ambrosian Singers, chorus master John McCarthy, organ William Davis, recording director John L Timperley, MVM Records vinyl album MVM 5560 Stereo