OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Posterior cortical hot zone

The term posterior cortical hot zone was coined by Christof Koch and colleagues to describe the part of the neocortex closely associated with the minimal neural substrate essential for conscious perception. The posterior cortical hot zone includes sensory cortical areas in the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. It is the “sensory” cortex, much as the frontal cortex is the “action” cortex.
When parts of the posterior cortex are damaged, whole modalities of sensory experience disappear from both waking and dreaming. For example, individuals with a lesion in the Visual area V4 often do not perceive color and dream in black-and-white; those with a lesion in the Visual area V5/MT do not perceive motion and do not dream of motion; subjects with a lesion to fusiform gyrus are impaired in face perception and also do not dream of faces. Compare that to lesions of the cerebellum or frontal cortex that have little effect on sensory experience.

## Object encoding in the posterior cortical hot zone

The sensory component (shape, color, texture) of each object stored in memory is physically encoded by neurons of the posterior cortical hot zone in structures called neuronal ensembles (NEs), neuronal assemblies, neural cliques, or cognits. When one recalls any object, the object-encoding neuronal ensemble (objectNE) in the posterior cortical hot zone activates into synchronous resonant activity that results in conscious perception of the object. The objectNE binding mechanism, based on the Hebbian principle “neurons that fire together, wire together,” came to be known as the Binding-by-Synchrony hypothesis.
While the Hebbian principle explains how we perceive a familiar object, it does not explain the infinite number of novel objects that humans can imagine. To account for the limitless constructive imagination, it was proposed that synchronization of independent objectNEs is a general mechanism underlying any novel imaginary experience. When the synchronization of independent objectNEs is driven from the front by the lateral prefrontal cortex, we refer to it as Prefrontal Synthesis; when the synchronization is driven from the back, we refer to it as dreaming or hallucination.
# Washwash River

The Washwash River is a river in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, flowing generally west out of the Pacific Ranges into the Tzeo River just above the Tzeo's mouth into the head of Owikeno Lake.

## General information

* Topography Feature Category: River
* Geographical Feature: River
* Canadian Province/Territory: British Columbia
* Elevation: 909 meters
* Location: Coast Land District
# Nicholas Engalitcheff

Prince Nicholas Engalitcheff (ru: Николай Енгалычев, 1874–1935) was a member of Russian nobility and later the Imperial Russian Vice Consul to Chicago during the early 1900s.

## Biography

He married Evelyn Pardridge Clayton, the daughter of Charles Pardridge, in October 1898. They had a son, Vladimir N. Engalitcheff (1902–1923). They lived in a home on 526 W. Deming in Chicago. They divorced in 1916. He married Mélanie de Bertrand-Lyteuil in 1916. By 1921 he was in debt owing over $2,400. He divorced in 1933 and married Susanna Bransford Emery Holmes Delitch. He died in 1935.
# Van Roxas

Van Roxas (born Van Louelle Pojas on November 8, 1989) is a Filipino actor, television personality, and former reality show contestant. He placed as the 5th Star Dreamer of Pinoy Dream Academy Season 2. He did a show with the Drama Princess of ABS-CBN's Kim Chiu entitles Maling Akala.

## Personal life

Van Louelle Pojas better known as Van Roxas is from Talisay, Cebu. He is a Physical Therapy student and band vocalist from Cebu.
His parents have separated, his mother is in the States while his father has his own life away from Van.
He was a support act of the Irish pop band Westlife for their 2011 Gravity Tour.

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Network | Notes |
| 2011 | Wansapanataym: Three-In-One | John Joseph | ABS-CBN | |
| 2010 | 1DOL | | ABS-CBN | One harmony singer |
| 2010 | Your Song Presents: Maling Akala | Karl Alda | ABS-CBN | First team-up with Kim Chiu |
| 2008–present | ASAP | Guest performer | ABS-CBN | |
| 2008 | Pinoy Dream Academy | Himself | ABS-CBN | 5th runner up |

### Information

* Van Roxas and Jay-r Siaboc are from Talisay City, Cebu. Both are band vocalist.
* His first acting role was Karl Alda, Kim Chiu's love interest in Maling Akala.
# Morton Williams

Morton Williams Supermarkets, founded in 1952, is an American food retailer with sixteen stores in the New York City Metropolitan area.
Morton Williams featured ShopRite products as its private-label brand, supplied by ShopRite's parent company, Wakefern Food Corporation.

## History

The first location opened in the Bronx in 1952, and originally operated under the independent Associated Supermarkets brand.

## Locations

Morton Williams operates 15 supermarkets in Manhattan, as well as one in the Bronx and one in Jersey City.
There are also three liquor stores in Manhattan operating under the name Morton Williams Wine & Spirits. These stores are independently owned and operated separate from the chain of supermarkets.
# USS Hazel

USS Hazel is a name used more than once by the United States Navy, and may refer to:
* USS Hazel (SP-1207), a patrol boat in commission from 1917 to 1919
* USS Hazel (AN-29), later YN-29, a net laying ship in commission from 1942 to 1958
# R407 road

R407 road may refer to:
* R407 road (Ireland)
* R407 road (South Africa)
# Patrick Blower

Patrick Blower (born 10 January 1959) is a British editorial cartoonist and painter whose work appears predominantly in the Daily Telegraph where he is the current chief political cartoonist. In 2023 he won the Political Cartoon Society’s Award for Political Cartoonist of the Year. He uses Blower mononymously when signing his cartoons for publication.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Patrick Blower was born in Brussels to an English architect father, Michael Blower and a Belgian mother, Bernadette (nee Muûls) who met whilst both were working at Brussels World's Fair in 1958. He is the eldest of six children and was educated at Farnham Grammar School and University College London where he read English Literature. In 2008 he gained an MA in Art & Space at Kingston University. He is a fluent French speaker.

### Cartoons and illustration

Soon after university, he took a one-way ticket to California and worked his way to New York where he lived for 18 months. He supported himself with labouring jobs whilst painting and cartooning in his spare time. His first published commission appeared in the East Village Eye. He returned to Britain and began freelancing as an illustrator after joining the government's Enterprise Allowance Scheme. His work has appeared in most British newspapers and magazines including The Times, Sunday Times, Mail on Sunday, The Guardian, Daily Express, Private Eye and The Spectator. Blower succeeded JAK as the Evening Standard editorial cartoonist in 1997, remaining there until 2003. Shortly afterwards, he conceived a time-lapse animation technique named Livedraw and went on to produce regular animated cartoons for BBC Newsnight and the BBC 10 O'Clock News in addition to drawing weekly animated political cartoons for The Guardian from 2009-2011. He was filmed by the BBC in 2019 as he drew and talked about the process of conceiving a cartoon to a tight deadline. He co-produced the animation How Pandemics Spread for the launch of TED Ed and also created the drawings for an animation which was at the centre of an award-winning exhibition commemorating the centenary of The Spanish Flu for the Florence Nightingale Museum. In 2017, he became a regular contributor to the Daily Telegraph and succeeded as chief political cartoonist in 2021. In 2021 he won the Political Cartoon Society’s Strube Spoon for runner-up political cartoonist of the year. and in 2023, the Award for Political Cartoonist of the Year.

### Painting

His work has been selected for exhibitions at the Mall Galleries including the Threadneedle Prize exhibition and The Lynn Painter-Stainers show. His work was also selected for the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition in 2021 and 2022.

### Personal life

Blower is widowed with three adult children and lives in London.
# Voietun

Voietun is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The neighborhood is located in the borough of Vågsbygd and in the district of Voiebyen. Voietun is south of Voielia and west of Steindalen.

## Transport

Bus lines from Voietun :
| Line | Destination |
| M2 | Voiebyen - Hånes |
| M2 | Voiebyen - Hånes - Lauvåsen |
| M2 | Voiebyen - Hånes - Kjevik/Tveit |
| M2 | Voiebyen - Kvadraturen |
| N2 | Flekkerøy - Voiebyen - Kvadraturen |
# Type S4 ship

Type S4 ship may refer to:
* Casablanca-class escort carrier a S4-S2-BB3 ship.
* Gilliam-class attack transport a S4-SE2-BD1 ship.
* Artemis-class attack cargo ship a S4-SE2-BE1 ship.
# Qing Shan King Sacrificial Ceremony

The Qing Shan King Sacrificial Ceremony (青山王祭) is a centuries-old festival that is held annually in Wanhua, Taipei, Taiwan. It is held between the 20th and 22nd of October (based on Lunar Calendar) and is meant to celebrate the birthday of the Deity, Ling An Zun Wang (靈安尊王) or Qing Shan King (青山王). During this festival, the Deities and Bodhisattvas of several other temples (including Qingshui Temple) will be invited to visit and attend the celebration within Wanhua District.
There will be procession by invited guest Deities and Bodhisattvas in Wanhua neighborhood for two nights, then they will attend the birthday celebration of Qing Shan King. The purpose of procession within Wanhua District is to cleanse and eliminate any evil spirit or unholy presence that might cause or bring bad luck and sufferings to the local community. During this visit, all windows and doors must be shut to prevent evil spirits from entering the locals’ households. There are three different tour routes, the first route runs from Huan He Road to Zhong Hua Road, the second starts from Wanhua Station and the last route begins from Ting Han Kou Road in Ximending. The parade usually lasts throughout the night and ends around 3 or 4am.
Between 2-3 million pieces of a traditional biscuit known as "Xian Guang Bing" are given out during each celebration.
# Nicholas Euclid

Nicholas "Nick" Euclid OAM (15 March 1932 – 27 September 2007) was Chairman of Queensland Rugby League Referees' Association and founding Chairman of the Australian Rugby League Referees' Association. He was a rugby team manager and a drummer.

## Family life

Fondly known as 'The Greek', Euclid was born in Ingham, Queensland. His parents were post-World War II immigrants from Kastellorizo, Greece. After schooling in Ingham, he attended All Souls College, Charters Towers, Queensland. He was an active musician (drummer) and met his future wife, Maureen Crowley, while playing at a local dance in Townsville. They eventually married and had three children; Pauline, Jim and Tina. Together with his wife, Euclid was proprietor of the White Rose Cafe (Ingham, Queensland) and Nick's Fine Foods (Townsville) before managing the Townsville Rugby League Club (Pimlico) until his retirement in 1996. Following his retirement, he continued in his full-time position as Director of the Australian Rugby League Referees' Association until his death in September 2007.

## Sporting career

From a young age, Euclid was active in local Rugby league, playing for the local Herbert River team in the annual Foley Shield matches. After retiring from the game, Euclid went on to referee in two international matches and was considered the leading referee in the region for a substantial period. a professional rugby league footballer in his youth, he also tried his hand at coaching, guiding the likes of fellow Ingham-born Laurie Spina and Australian Test representative Greg Dowling. Dowling credited Euclid as being instrumental in diverting him from a life of trouble to that of a dedicated athlete.
A hugely popular member of the QRL office, Euclid was a father figure to many of the State's great rugby league referees, including Referees' Academy Manager Eddie Ward and Barry 'Grasshopper' Gomersall. Euclid famously handed his first-ever whistle after being injured during a Foley Shield match in Townsville. Gomersall, who had been touch judge on the day, kept the whistle as a lucky charm until his death in February 2008.
Euclid was for many years charged with nominating and appointing Queensland-based referees to State of Origin fixtures and also to the Queensland Wizard Cup and State League competitions. In many of the years that Euclid occupied his Board positions with the ARL and QRL Referees, he did so in an honorary capacity, not receiving remuneration. In June 2002, Euclid was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia 'for service to Rugby League football as a player, coach, administrator and referee, particularly in the development of referee accreditation policy.'
The Nick Euclid Medal is given annually in his honor to the Best Young Rugby League Referee in Australia.
# Vantaa Chamber Choir

Vantaa Chamber Choir is a Finnish mixed choir which was established in the city of Vantaa in 1986.

## Conductors

* Toivo Korhonen (1986–1998)
* Ilona Korhonen (1998–2011)
* Juha Kuivanen (2011–2012)
* Tiia Mustonen (2013–2014)
* Ilona Korhonen (2014–)

## Discography

* Lauluja Kuninkaantien varrelta (1993) – Folk songs (VKCD 293)
* Oi muistatko vielä sen virren (1997) – Hymns (Fazer Finnlevy CD 0630-19117-2)
* Marian virsi (2005) – Poems from Kalevala with modern arrangements (VKCD 305)
# USS Ottawa (1861)

USS Ottawa was a Unadilla-class gunboat built for the Union Navy during the American Civil War. Her wooden hull was built by J. A. Westervelt, and her engines by the Novelty Iron Works of New York. She was commissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 7 October 1861.

## Service history

Ottawa joined the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron for service in the waters of the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida. During the Civil War she participated in nineteen operations against ships and shore installations from Hilton Head, South Carolina, to the St. Johns River in Florida.
These included capture of Fort Walker and Fort Beauregard, Port Royal Sound, South Carolina, 7 November; covering the landing of U.S. troops at Wassaw Sound, Georgia, 26 January 1862; capture of Fernandina, Florida, 4 March; attacks on Fort Wagner, Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, from 18 July 1863 to 18 August and on the Confederate batteries on Morris Island from 31 July to 20 August.
Ottawa also assisted the U.S. Army in the occupation of Bull's Bay, South Carolina, 11 February 1865. Other engagements took place with the batteries at Brown's Landing, St. Johns River, Florida, and at Palatka, Florida.
Ottawa returned north and was decommissioned on 12 August 1865 at the New York Navy Yard where she was sold at auction on 25 October for $13,200.
# Ségolène Girard

Ségolène Girard (born 18 November 1995) is a Swiss volleyball player. She is a member of the Women's National Team. She participated at the 2016 Montreux Volley Masters. She plays for Vitéos Neuchatel.
# Westwood College, Leek

Westwood College, formerly known as Westwood High School is a mixed upper school located in Leek, Staffordshire, England. Westwood is set in the grounds of Westwood Hall, an old manor house built in the 17th century, once lived in by the Davenport family, famous Stoke-on-Trent potters. The house was built over an existing house that is said to have belonged to one of Henry VIII's favourite Knights, Francis Talbot.

## History

Westwood is divided into two parts known as 'Old Hall', the old manor house, and New 'Hall', opened in 1963 accompanied by a house of the same type of architecture. 'Old Hall' consists of the stables, caretaker's house, four mobiles, summerhouse, sixth form cafeteria, English block and the manor house itself. Westwood was extended largely in the 1980s to house the new science block, formerly in New Hall where the art and design department now resides. New Hall consists of the 1960s building and the bungalow.
Aside from the numerous different architectural builds in Westwood College, there are woods, a bus park, cafeteria gardens, an AstroTurf football pitch, four tennis courts, fields, lawns, sports field and a Victorian garden. This garden was restored in 2005 by the Peak District back to its former glory. The original well and fountain remain but are now fenced off to prevent students falling in.

### Grammar school

The school was the Westwood Hall Girls' High School, a girls' grammar school.

### Comprehensive

It was previously a foundation school administered by Staffordshire County Council, and specialising in both Modern Languages and Visual Arts. However, in April 2016 Westwood College was converted to academy status. The school continues to coordinate with Staffordshire County Council for admissions.

## Notable former pupils

* Anna Bebington, British Olympic Rower
* Tom Levitt, Labour MP from 1997 to 2010 for High Peak
* Lee Pearson, Paralympic Equestrian Gold-medallist
* Jessica Sylvester, swimmer in the 2008 Summer Olympics

### Westwood Hall Girls' High School

* Dame Averil Cameron, Warden from 1994 to 2020 of Keble College, Oxford, and a former professor of Late Antique and Byzantine History
# Paul Farrugia

Paul Farrugia (born 5 February 1967) is a Maltese wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 62 kg at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Primer tiempo

Primer tiempo is a 2021 memoir by Mauricio Macri, president of Argentina from 2015 to 2019.

## Background

Mauricio Macri served as president of Argentina from 2015 to 2019, and implemented policies that opposed those of Peronism, which ruled the country for many years before that. He lost the 2019 elections, and Peronism returned to the government. He made little political activities after that point, and wrote the book in secrecy. It was revealed only three months it was out for sale. The idea to write the book was based on A Promised Land, the memoir of US president Barack Obama. Several other Argentine politicians wrote memoirs by this time, such as Cristina Fernández de Kirchner's Sinceramente, Patricia Bullrich's Guerra sin cuartel, Ricardo López Murphy's Más prosperidad, menos incertidumbre and María Eugenia Vidal's Mi camino. The former minister Pablo Avelluto, who helped to order Macri's ideas, thought that Macri is helping to cement a tradition from the United States.

## Sales

The book was a huge success. It had four editions on the first week, nearly 85,000 books, and 70% of those were already bought by then. Those statistics did not count the sales of ebooks nor the preorders at the e-commerce page Mercado Libre.
A number of bookstores refused to sell the book for political reasons. "Librería Sudestada", for instance, published an image of the book with a rotten tomato over it, and justified it by blaming Macri for the economic crisis. This was criticised by writers such as Jorge Fernández Díaz, Luis Majul, Marcelo Birmajer, Pola Olaixarac, Martín Kohan and Laura Di Marco, who considered it an authoritarian and antidemocratic reaction.
# Type SRs 2000 bucket-wheel excavator

The Type SRs 2000 (or Type SRs (K) 2000 in China) is a class of medium-sized bucket-wheel excavators built by TAKRAF. It is by far, one of the most common and recognizable BWEs built and sold by TAKRAF, with 56 Type SRs 2000s being commissioned and launched as of 2013.

## Specifications

It is a medium-sized BWE that reach dimensions of 3,300 t (7,280,000 lb), a length of 160 m (525 ft), a width of 30 m (98 ft) and a height of 40 m (131 ft); its ground pressure is much lower than that of a D11 Dozer. It was built to replace the aging Type SRs 1200s BWEs, with the Type SRs 2000s possessing more efficient and cost-saving energy power lines and drive conveyor belt systems. The Type SRs 2000s are powered by at least four 1,825 kilowatts (2,447 hp) powered electric motor with 20-30kV trailing cable, and whilst it is externally powered like all BWEs, the total operational power is currently unknown.
The bucket-wheel dimensions are 11.2 m (37 ft) in diameter with 14 buckets. It is able to excavate a total capacity that can range between 4900 and 7000 m$^3$/h with a digging force of around 100 kN/m. The bucket wheel excavator reaches 30 m digging height with a cutting depth of -10 meters.
Although construction of the Type SRs 2000 began in 1989 with one of the first batches being sent to Ekibastusz in then Kazakh SSR (USSR), it only began official global commissioning and serialization in 2008, with the China-export model, the Type SRs (K) 2000 being commissioned in 2013. The Type SRs (K) 2000 export model has a slight modification that allows the BWE to resist temperatures varying from +39 °C down to -39 °C, which is needed given the varied temperature change in Inner Mongolia.

## Current and former operators

* East Germany (former)
* Soviet Union (former)
* Germany
* China
# Qualter

Qualter is an Irish surname, meaning the son of Walter, a shortened form of McWalter/MacWalter. Notable people with the surname include:
* Danny Qualter (born 1992), Irish rugby player
* Declan Qualter, Irish hurler
* Noel Qualter (born 1977), English magician
* P. J. Qualter (1943-2019), Irish hurler
* Séamus Qualter, (born 1967), Irish hurler