OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Étienne Eugène Azam

Étienne Eugène Azam (28 May 1822 – 16 December 1899), full name Charles-Marie-Étienne-Eugène Azam, was a French surgeon from Bordeaux who is chiefly remembered for his work in psychology, particularly a case involving a female patient he named "Félida X" who seemed to have "alternating personalities", or what Azam referred to as doublement de la vie.
Over a number of years Azam studied Félida's psychological profile and published three reports. He described Félida as a hysterical patient who had a serious and sad (normal) state, along with a merry and generous state. He analyzed these two states as two distinct, separate personalities that seemed to be unaware of the other.
The case of Félida X is one of the earliest documented descriptions of what would later be called a multiple personality disorder. At the time, this situation garnered interest in the medical community, and created several puzzling questions regarding self-concept, as well as the definition of personal ego. Additionally from a quasi-religious context, the concept of multiple personalities was contrary to the paranormal belief system of spiritualism, which had a large following in the 19th century.

## Selected work

* Hypnotisme, double conscience et altérations de la personnalité : le cas Félida X,, preface by Jean-Martin Charcot, 1887
** Hypnotisme, double conscience et altérations de la personnalité: le cas Félida X (Hypnotism, double consciousness, and personality changes: the case Félida X), (1887); Étienne Eugene Azam, with an introduction by Serge Nicolas.
# Regional pfennig

The regional pfennig was a type of pfennig, a low denomination coin used in the Holy Roman Empire that began to appear in the 10th century after the period of the supra-regional pfennigs (mid-8th to mid-10th centuries) following the coin reform of the Emperor Charlemagne of Francia. With the increasing allocation of royal minting rights under the Münzregal to other mints, different types of pfennig emerged. The mints with their own minting rights included those cities that had attained a special degree of independence, in some cases even imperial immediacy. However, a localization of coinage was partly counteracted by a move by cities to form minting associations or Münzvereins, in which minting agreement standards for the weight and, above all, the fineness of coins were set. which must not be undercut in order to ensure unrestricted convertibility of the coins within the contract area. In later centuries, larger denominations of higher value were introduced, such as the groschen (grossus) and, in the Alpine region, the Kreuzer. The pfennig thus fell from being a major coin and currency money to a small Scheidemünze coin. Attempts at standardisation concentrated on the new, larger denominations and no longer on the pfennig, which basically remained a state coin of only regional significance. In Germany, the pfennig was only successfully unified again in the 19th century, initially through the Prussian small coinage reform of 1821 for the various small coins in the Prussian provinces, and then through the second Imperial Coin Act of 1873.
The most important regional pfennigs include the Sachsenpfennig ("Saxon pfennig"), also known as the Wendenpfennig, and the Otto Adelheid Pfennig, the earliest mintings of which still followed the Carolingian standard. In particular, the later Sachsenpfennig and other regional pfennigs, such as the Regensburg Pfennig, the Vienna Pfennig, the Friesach Pfennig or the Krainer Pfennig, moved further and further away from their Carolingian model. There was no longer any uniformity in weights and fineness as there had been in the Carolingian monetary system. A pfennig or denarius from one region was no longer necessarily worth a pfennig in another region.

## Gallery

* Otto Adelheid Pfennig, reverse, Goslar Mint
* Otto Adelheid Pfennig, obverse, Goslar mint
* Regensburg Pfennig, 13th century, Ex-Dr. Robert Friedingen-Pranten
* Carniolan Pfennig, 13th century (1218–51)
* Vienna Pfennig, lion with breastplate, 14th century
* Munich Pfennig, 14th century (1349–75)
* Friesach Pfennig for Salzburg, bishop, obverse
* Friesach Pfennig for Salzburg, reverse
# Neu-Lindsey Nature Reserve

Neu-Lindsey Nature Reserve (grid reference SO845014) is a 0.4-hectare (0.99-acre) nature reserve in Gloucestershire. The site is listed in the ‘Stroud District’ Local Plan, adopted November 2005, Appendix 6 (online for download) as a Key Wildlife Site (KWS).
The site is owned and managed by the Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust since 1986. It was donated by Mrs T Lindsey.

## Location and habitat

The reserve adjoins the western edge of Minchinhampton Common which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. It lies south of St Chloe and is on a south-west facing slope which overlooks Woodchester. It is not part of the SSSI. It is on Inferior Oolitic limestone and Cotteswold Sand.
The boundaries of the reserve are a dry-stone wall on the east and fencing on the other sides. The reserve is considered to be an excellent example of unimproved grassland flora and fauna. The site has been managed as a traditional hay meadow for a long period of time.

## Flora

The range of plants is wide and includes bee orchid, horseshoe vetch and chalk milkwort. The site supports an abundant population of pyramidal orchids. Typical plants which flourish on the site are cowslip, salad burnet, common rock-rose, yellow-rattle, burnet-saxifrage, oxeye daisy, spring-sedge (Carex caryophyllea) and marjoram. Grasses include upright brome, quaking-grass, sweet vernal-grass, crested hair-grass, yellow oat-grass and sheep's fescue. Tor-grass is dominant but in small areas. Devil's-bit scabious is present on the lower slopes. Sainfoin has entered the site from surrounding fields.
There is a scrub line along the wall boundary which includes hawthorn, dog-rose, bramble, field maple, hazel, holly and traveller's joy. There are some mature ash, sycamore and horse-chestnut trees. The ground flora beneath the trees and scrub includes ivy, dog's mercury, bluebell, lesser celandine, hairy St John's-wort and cow parsley.

## Fauna

The reserve is known for the presence of the uncommon great green bush cricket, one of the largest insects in northern Europe. Glow worms are also present.
Butterflies recorded include common blue, small copper, ringlet and small heath. Large populations of butterflies are seen as a result of the wide range of flowers and grasses. The moth population is well documented (some 80 species or more) and includes drinker, poplar hawk moth and burnished brass.
Mammals recorded on the site are wood mouse, common shrew and field vole.

## Conservation

Traditional hay cutting regimes are carried out to ensure that the flowering sward is maintained. Scrub is kept under control to prevent invasion of the grassland.

## Publications

* Kelham, A, Sanderson, J, Doe, J, Edgeley-Smith, M, et al., 1979, 1990, 2002 editions, 'Nature Reserves of the Gloucestershire Trust for Nature Conservation/Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust'
* ‘Nature Reserve Guide – discover the wild Gloucestershire on your doorstep’ - 50th Anniversary, January 2011, Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust
# Neijiang railway station

The Neijiang railway station (simplified Chinese: 内江站; traditional Chinese: 內江站; pinyin: Nèijiāng Zhàn) is a railway station of the Chengdu–Chongqing Railway. The station is located in Neijiang, Sichuan province.
It is one of two stations in Neijiang, the other being Neijiang North on the Chengdu–Chongqing intercity railway.
# Viscosity (disambiguation)

Viscosity (commonly perceived as "thickness", or resistance to pouring) is the measure of the resistance of a fluid to deform under either shear stress or extensional stress.
Viscosity can also refer to:
* A cognitive dimension for the design of notations measuring resistance to change.
* Viscosity (programming) - a concept in object oriented programming, which refers to the ease at which a developer can add design-preserving code to a system.
# Peek'n Peak Classic

The Peek'n Peak Classic was a golf tournament on the Nationwide Tour. It was played from 2002 to 2007 on the Upper Course of Peek'n Peak Resort in Findley Lake, New York, United States.
The 2007 purse was $600,000, with $108,000 going to the winner.
After nine years, the Web.com Tour returned to the resort for the LECOM Health Challenge.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| Peek'n Peak Classic ||||||
| 2007 | Roland Thatcher | 273 | −15 | 3 strokes | Paul Claxton |
| 2006 | John Merrick | 277 | −11 | Playoff | Gavin Coles |
| Lake Erie Charity Classic ||||||
| 2005 | Esteban Toledo | 274 | −14 | 2 strokes | Jeff Gove |
| 2004 | Kevin Stadler | 279 | −9 | Playoff | Michael Long Bubba Watson |
| 2003 | Guy Boros | 275 | −13 | 1 stroke | Chris Couch Bob Heintz |
| 2002 | Patrick Moore | 275 | −9 | 1 stroke | Hunter Haas |
Bolded golfers graduated to the PGA Tour via the final Nationwide Tour money list.
# Sakata language

Sakata is a Bantu dialect cluster of DR Congo. The dialects are rather divergent: Sakata proper, Djia (Wadia), Bai (Kibay), Tuku (Ketu, Batow).
According to Glottolog, it may be one of the Teke languages.
# Pajamas (disambiguation)

Pajamas are a type of loose garment.
Pajamas or pyjamas may also refer to:
* Pajamas (film), a 1927 American comedy
* Pyjamas (software) or Pyjs, a web framework
* Pajamas, a 1980 song by Livingston Taylor from the 1980 Sesame Street compilation album, In Harmony
# Regenerative Medicine (journal)

Regenerative Medicine is a peer-reviewed medical journal covering stem cell research and regenerative medicine. It was established in 2006 and is published by Future Medicine. The editor-in-chief is Chris Mason (University College London).
Regenerative Medicine has an online sister community site called RegMedNet. RegMedNet is a free-to-join website that publishes news on regenerative medicine and cell therapy research, policy and business, editorials from leaders in the field and free educational webinars.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, Biotechnology Citation Index, Chemical Abstracts, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, EMCare, Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, and Scopus. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.868, ranking it 15th out of 21 journals in the category "Cell & Tissue Engineering" and 23rd out of 77 journals in the category "Engineering, Biomedical".
# Saint Vincent Ferrer Altarpiece

The Saint Vincent Ferrer Altarpiece is a tempera-on-panel painting by Giovanni Bellini (possibly with some collaboration by another artist on the scenes of Ferrer's miracles on the predella, perhaps Lauro Padovano), dating to 1464–1470 and still in on the altar dedicated to Saint Vincent Ferrer at Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice, for which it was originally commissioned. Ferrer was a Spanish Dominican who had only been canonised in 1455 and his order was continuing to promote his cult.
The altar was finished in 1464 according to a receipt issued by one Olricus de Argentina to the then prior Giovanni da Merano regarding the fabrica Sancti Vincentii. The altarpiece was mentioned as a work of Bellini in 1581 by Francesco Sansovino and some argue that he may have produced its many canvases in stages, given their stylistic differences. From left to right the central register shows Saint Christopher, Saint Vincent Ferrer and Saint Sebastian. The upper register shows a Pietà flanked by an Annunciation scene, with the archangel Gabriel to the left and the Virgin Mary to the right. Above the Pietà there was originally a lunette showing God the Father, to which Mary directed her gaze; this was recorded in 1664 by Boschini but later lost.
In 1994, the altarpiece underwent conservation funded by the non-profit organization Save Venice Inc.
* Saint Christopher and the Christ Child
* Annunciation
# Sadıklar, Akseki

Sadıklar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Akseki, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 77 (2022).
# Rona (Kristiansand)

Rona is a neighborhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is a part of the Oddernes borough and the district of Søm. The neighbourhood is next to European route E18, and spans the Indre Rona strait between Drangsvatna lake and the Topdalsfjorden. The neighborhood of Strømsdalen lies to the north and Strømme lies to the south. The closest school is Strømme Elementary school. All local bus lines goes through Rona.
Rona mall opened up in 2014 with some stores, a fitness center, and some apartments.
# St. Michael's parish church, Hallaton

St Michael's church, Hallaton is a parish church in the town of Hallaton, Leicestershire. It is a Grade I listed building.
It is a Norman style church, which dates from the thirteenth century. It has a north porch, built later in the fifteenth century and some of the original timbers still exist today.
The church is dedicated to St Michael and is mainly of the 13th century: the aisles were added a century later. The church is sited on rising ground and has a dignified tower with a fine broach spire (one of the best in the county); the nave and chancel and aisles have nobility and beauty. The sculptured stonework of the north aisle contrasts with the plain battlemented south aisle. A former rector is commemorated by a handsome monument attached to one of the corners.
# Open Cyber University of Korea

Open Cyber University (OCU) is a consortium of Korean universities. It was founded in 1997 and is considered as the largest Korean academic exchange university as of 2012 with 35 member universities. The organization is authorized by South Korea's Ministry of Education to offer bachelor's degree in various fields of industry. It offers courses for subjects such as World English.
# Île-de-France (Greenland)

Île-de-France is an uninhabited island of the Greenland Sea, Greenland. The island has an area of 246.1 km ² and a shoreline of 71.9 kilometres. It lies off the southern part of Jokel Bay and southeast of the Danske Islands.
Skaer Fjord is located southwest of Île-de-France's southern end. It is a broad fjord or bay with several arms extending westwards from it.

## History

This island was named in 1905 by the Duke of Orléans during his Duke of Orléans Arctic Expedition when he explored parts of the northeastern coast of Greenland on ship Belgica.
# Reggiani

Reggiani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Julia Reggiani, French swimmer
* Loris Reggiani, Italian motorcycle racer
* Patrizia Reggiani, Italian, ex-wife of Maurizio Gucci
* Primo Reggiani, Italian actor
* Serge Reggiani, Italian-born French singer and actor
* Thiago Cruz Reggiani, football player
# Neurocordulia

Neurocordulia is a genus of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. They are commonly known as shadowdragons.
These are medium-sized dragonflies, 40–55 mm (1.6–2.2 in) long, light brown with orange or yellowish markings. They are confined to the eastern United States and Canada, where their habitat is clean forest streams and lakes.

## Species

The genus contains the following species:
| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Neurocordulia alabamensis Hodges in Needham & Westfall, 1955 | Alabama shadowdragon | Alabama |
| Neurocordulia michaeli Brunelle, 2000 | broad-tailed shadowdragon | Canada and the United States. |
| Neurocordulia molesta (Walsh, 1863) | smoky shadowdragon | North America |
| Neurocordulia obsoleta (Say, 1839) | umber shadowdragon | North America |
| Neurocordulia virginiensis Davis, 1927 | cinnamon shadowdragon | North America |
| Neurocordulia xanthosoma (Williamson, 1908) | orange shadowdragon | North America |
| Neurocordulia yamaskanensis (Provancher, 1875) | stygian shadowdragon | mid-Atlantic US states and extends northward into southern Canada |
# Ron Lamothe

Ron Lamothe (born 1968) is a director of documentary films and the founder of Terra Incognita Films.
In 2000, Lamothe began pre-production on The Political Dr. Seuss, a documentary on the life and "political" works of Theodor Geisel. In 2004, the documentary aired nationwide on PBS as the season premiere of Independent Lens. It was subsequently nominated for a George Foster Peabody Award in documentary television.
Starting in 2005, Lamothe spent two years shooting and editing his next documentary, The Call of the Wild, on the self-proclaimed "aesthetic voyager" Christopher McCandless, a filmmaking odyssey that took him through thirty U.S. states, two Canadian provinces, and parts of Mexico.

## Filmography

* The Call of the Wild (2007)
* The Political Dr. Seuss (2004)
# VirtualRealPorn

VirtualRealPorn is a company that produces virtual reality pornography, founded in 2013. The company's headquarters are located in Zaragoza, Spain, with additional offices in Granada and Barcelona, where most of the videos are filmed. The company is notable for producing some of the first virtual reality pornographic films.

## History

VirtualRealPorn was founded in 2013. The company's productions include virtual reality videos that can be viewed using virtual reality headsets or mobile phones.
In 2015, VirtualRealPorn collaborated with the Dutch company Kiiroo and the Chinese company Lovense to synchronize their remote sex toys with the virtual reality video content.

## VRLove

Since 2017, VirtualRealPorn has supported the ongoing development of VRLove, an online multiplayer video game featuring 3D pornographic video content.

## Reception

In 2017, VirtualRealPorn was named the best virtual reality porn site by The Daily Dot.

## Web traffic

As of July 2021, VirtualRealPorn has a web traffic ranking of 362,631.
# Pennsport (string band)

Pennsport is a string band in Philadelphia's annual Mummers Parade. They are one of two new groups added to the parade in 2008.
They have taken a new approach to mummering: keeping expenses low, paying out of pocket and avoiding fund-raising and weekly jobs to fund their march.
Most of the members were previously in other string bands. All 60 members are over 40 and because of family and job obligations wanted to be in the Parade without making it a year-round commitment.
They are self-financed, paying dues of $325 each for a total of just under $20,000, roughly one fifth of what a typical string band spends. Lacking the usual clubhouse, they meet in a room over a local pub. Along with their non-traditional funding comes a unique structure: they are the only string band that does not have a captain.
Mummers Parade Director Leo Dignam said, "I kind of like that trend. Some of the people are getting sick of all the money involved and the practice, and they just want to keep the tradition. These old guys just want to have fun."
In 2008, for their first parade, they were led up the street by U.S. Representative Bob Brady and Mayor-elect Michael Nutter. While the other bands played at the six mandatory points along the route, Pennsport chose to also play while they marched, filling in some of the dead areas of a long route.
# Sally Singhateh

Sally Sadie Singhateh (born 1977) is a Gambian poet and novelist.

## Biography

While interning at the Foundation for Research on Women's Health, Productivity and the Environment (BAFROW), she published several articles in The Voice of Young People Magazine, published by BAFROW and aimed at young people. In 1995, she won Merit's International Poetry Award.
Singhateh earned a Bachelor of Arts in Communication and was in the process of earning a Master of Arts in Contemporary Literature in 2004. At the University of Wales, Swansea. At BAFROW, an organization that campaigns against female genital cutting in The Gambia, she worked in public relations around 2008. She then worked at the Gambian office of UNESCO, also in public relations, from 2009.

## Works
### Novels

* Christie's Crises, 1988
* Baby Trouble, Nairobi
* The Sun Will Soon Shine, London: Athena Press, 2004
# Thomas Tulis

Thomas Tulis (born 1961) is an American photographer and painter living and working in Atlanta, Georgia.

## Life and work

Tulis was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. After a couple of years of college, he joined the United States Army. After the army he put all of his time and efforts into his art. In 1985 he was able to open his first studio and that same year had his first exhibition. He lives a very simple life.
In 1997, Tulis was Artist in Residence at Pouch Cove Foundation, a self-sustaining, not for profit art retreat near St. John's, Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

## Group exhibitions

* Tulis exhibited in the experimental art space Neo-Post-Now Gallery in Manitowoc, Wisconsin from 1992 to 1997.
* The South by its Photographers, Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama; Columbia Museum of Art, Columbia, South Carolina; Louisiana Center for Arts and Sciences, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Curated by Ellen Fleurov. With work by various Southern artists including Tulis, Shelby Lee Adams, Walter Beckham, Debbie Fleming Caffery, William Christenberry, Chip Cooper, William Greiner, Birney Imes, Melissa Springer and others. This exhibition was also made into a book by Susan Sipple Elliott, with an introduction by John E. Schloder.
* House: Ten Artists Photograph Domestic Architecture, Athens Institute for Contemporary Art, 2002. With work by Tulis, Evie McKenna, Rinnie Allen, Michael Stipe, Carl Martin, and Mark Steinmetz. Curated by Carol John.
* Wait Until Dark, Williams College Museum of Art, Fresno, California, 2003. With work by Tulis, Lewis Baltz, Harvey Caplin, Todd Hido, David Leventhal, William Greiner, Michael Kenna, O. Winston Link, Richard Misrach, Jules Shulman, George Tice and Henry Wessel, Jr. selected from the photography collection of Jay Richard DiBiaso.
* So Atlanta: Artists Respond to the Contemporary City, 2004. With work by Tulis, Karen Rich Beall, Sarah Doughrety, Samm Hill, Ron Jude, Ohm Phanphiroj and others. Curated by Felicia Feaster and Helena Reckitt.
* The Contemporary, Atlanta.

## Collections

Tulis' work is held in the following permanent collections:
* Brooklyn Museum of Art, Brooklyn, NY
* High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA
* Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, IN: 3 prints (as of 24 April 2022)
* Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, TX: 1 print (as of 24 April 2022)

## Quotes

"Two hundred and fifty images laid before me and I was enthralled. They were perfect. I wished I used more of them. The photography brought a sense of presence, of immediacy and of realism to a space that I knew would soon be awash in metaphors within a visionary frame." – Steven Guynup

## Publications

* The South By Its Photographers. by Susan Sipple Elliott. University Press of Mississippi, 1996. ISBN 0-87805-954-7. Photographs by 48 Southern photographers. 68pgs. With an introduction by John E. Schloder.
* New Life: Stories and Photographs from the Suburban South. By Alex Harris. W. W. Horton, 1996. ISBN 978-0-393-04030-2. 249pgs.
# Pacific Symphonic Wind Ensemble

The Pacific Symphonic Wind Ensemble is a Canadian wind band from the Metro Vancouver area in British Columbia. The ensemble's home venue is the Evergreen Cultural Centre in Coquitlam.
The PSWE was founded in 1981 by Maurice Backun in Vancouver, and consists of both professional and amateur musicians performing both traditional and alternative wind music from a variety of composers. The band features guest conductors and soloists. Marc Crompton became PSWE's Music Director in 1999.
In 2005, the ensemble were the guest artists at the 2005 World Association of Symphonic Bands and Ensembles conference in Singapore.

## Instrumentation

The Pacific Symphonic Wind Ensemble currently has a roster of 46 performers:
* Flute (4)
* Oboe (2)
* Clarinet (10)
* Alto Clarinet (1)
* Bass Clarinet (1)
* Saxophone (4)
* Bassoon (2)
* Trumpet (5)
* French horn (4)
* Trombone (3)
* Euphonium (1)
* Tuba (2)
* Timpani (1)
* Percussion (4)
* Double bass (1)
* Piano (1)

## Discography

The Pacific Symphonic Wind Ensemble has released four CDs:
* Midnight Sleigh Ride (1996)
* Mazama (1997)
* Festivo (2001)
* Trajectories (2007)
PSWE also released a double CD as part of the 2005 World Association for Symphonic Bands and Ensembles (WASBE) conference in Singapore.