# Timeline of Nuremberg

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nuremberg, Germany.

## Prior to 15th century

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* 1030 – Nuremberg Castle built (approximate date).
* 1060 – Residence of the burgrave established.
* 1127 - Emperor Lothair assigns Nuremberg to Henry the Proud.
* 1140 – Monastery of St. Egidius founded.
* 1219 – Nuremberg becomes a Free Imperial City.
* 1298 – St. Lawrence church built.
* 1349 – Craftsmen's uprising.
* 1361 – Frauenkirche (church) built.
* 1377 – Luginsland Tower construction begins in Nuremberg Castle.
* 1380 – Nuremberg Charterhouse (monastery) founded.
* 1382 – Playing cards in use (approximate date).
* 1390 - Paper mill established by Stromer near city.
* 1397 - Population: 5,626.

## 15th–16th centuries

* 1424 – Imperial Regalia of the Holy Roman Empire relocated to Nuremberg.
* 1427 – Ownership of Castle transferred to city.
* 1437 – Black Death.
* 1445 – Stadtbibliothek (city library) established.
* 1470 – Anton Koberger printer in business.
* 1484 - Reformacion der Stat Nuremberg (legal code) with Jewry Oath published
* 1485 - Kuchenmeysterey cookbook published.
* 1486 – Karlsbrücke (Nürnberg) [de] (bridge) built.
* 1488 - Sigmund Meisterlin writes Nürnberger Chronik, a history of the city.
* 1492 – Martin Behaim creates Erdapfel (geographical globe).
* 1493 – Schedel's Liber Chronicarum published.
* 1495 – Artist Albrecht Dürer sets up workshop.
* 1505
** City territory expanded per Landshut War of Succession.
** Clockmaker Peter Henlein active (see Watch 1505)
* 1519
** St. Sebaldus Church built.
** Bratwurstglocklein tavern in business (approximate date).
* 1525 – Protestant Reformation.
* 1526 – Lutheran Melanchthon's Gymnasium opens.
* 1532 – City hosts religious Peace of Nuremberg agreement.
* 1541 - February: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor visits city.
* 1543 – De revolutionibus orbium coelestium by Nicolaus Copernicus published.
* 1550 - St. Martha church in use as a theatre space by meistersinger Sachs.
* 1561 – April: Celestial phenomenon over Nuremberg.
* 1573 - Wenzel Jamnitzer a distinguished goldsmith represented the Goldsmiths on the Nuremberg city council.
* 1583 - Herrenschiesshaus [de] built.
* 1598 – Fleisch Bridge built over Pegnitz.

## 17th–18th centuries

* 1619 – Nürnberger Rathaus [de] (town hall) rebuilt.
* 1632 – Siege of Nuremberg.
* 1662 – Academy of Fine Arts established.
* 1668 – Simplicissimus (novel) published.
* 1695 – Pachelbel becomes organist of St. Sebaldus Church.
* 1718 – St. Egidien Church rebuilt.
* 1728 – Karlsbrücke (Nürnberg) [de] (bridge) built.
* 1750 - Population: 30,000.
* 1792 – Kunstverein Nürnberg (art association) founded.

## 19th century

* 1806
** 23 September: Polish 2nd Northern Legion formed in Nuremberg.
** City becomes part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, per Treaty of Confederation of the Rhine.
* 1810
** Catholic parish established.
** Population: 28,544.
* 1817 – City becomes part of the Bavarian Rezatkreis district.
* 1818 - Population: 27,000.
* 1825 – Gostenhof and Johannisfriedhof [de] become part of city.
* 1833 – New City Theatre built on Lorenzer Platz.
* 1835 – Bavarian Ludwigsbahn railway (Fürth-Nuremberg) begins operating.
* 1841 – Eisengießerei Klett & Comp. [de] engineering firm in business.
* 1844 – Nürnberg Hauptbahnhof opens.
* 1852
** German Museum established.
** Population: 53,638.
* 1859 – Nuremberg–Schwandorf railway begins operating.
* 1861 - Population: 62,797.
* 1868 – Bayerisches Gewerbemuseum (museum) founded.
* 1871 – Albrecht Dürer's House museum established.
* 1875 - Population: 91,018.
* 1878 – Verein fur Geschichte der Stadt (city history society) active.
* 1882 – Numismatic Society founded.
* 1883 – Nuremberg–Cheb railway in operation.
* 1885 – Schuckert & Co. engineering firm in business.
* 1889 – Verein von Freunden der Photographie (photo group) founded.
* 1899
** Nuremberg Photography Society founded.
** Railway museum opens.
* 1900
** Emil Meßthaler [de]'s Intimes Theater opens.
** Population: 261,081.

## 20th century

* 1905
** New Staatstheater Nürnberg inaugurated.
** Population: 294,344.
* 1912 – Nuremberg Zoo opens.
* 1916 – Palace of Justice built.
* 1927 – August: 3rd Nazi Party Congress held.
* 1928 – Frankenstadion (stadium) opens.
* 1929 – August: 4th Nazi Party Congress held.
* 1930 - Population: 416,700.
* 1933 – 30 August-3 September: 5th Nazi Party Congress held; Riefenstahl's Der Sieg des Glaubens filmed.
* 1934
** July: 4th Deutsche Kampfspiele (athletic event) held in Frankenstadion.
** September: 6th Nazi Party Congress held; Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will filmed.
* 1937 – Deutsches Stadion construction begins (never completed).
* 1938 – Expulsion of Polish Jews.
* 1939 – Internment camp for civilian prisoners established (future Stalag XIII-D POW camp).
* 1940 – Oflag XIII-A prisoner-of-war camp for French, British, Belgian, Polish and Serbian officers established in Langwasser.
* 1941
** March: Oflag XIII-B POW camp for Serbian officers established in Langwasser.
** May: Forced labour camp established at the SS barracks.
* 1942
** 3 May: Oflag XIII-A POW camp dissolved.
** October: Russenwiese forced labour camp established.
* 1943
** April: Oflag XIII-B POW camp relocated to Hammelburg.
** 15 July: Forced labour camp at the SS barracks converted into a subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp.
** August: Russenwiese forced labour camp dissolved.
* 1944
** April: Oflag 73 POW camp relocated from Beniaminów to Langwasser.
** October: Subcamp of Flossenbürg for women established at the Siemens-Schuckertwerke factory.
** November: Oflag 73 POW camp converted into a subcamp of the Stalag XIII-D camp.
* 1945
** March: Siemens-Schuckertwerke subcamp of Flossenbürg dissolved. Prisoners sent to subcamps in Holýšov and Mehltheuer.
** April: SS barracks subcamp of Flossenbürg dissolved. Prisoners sent to the Dachau concentration camp.
** 16–20 April: Battle of Nuremberg.
** October: Nürnberger Nachrichten newspaper begins publication.
** 20 November: International Military Tribunal against Nazi leaders begins.
* 1946
** 9 December: Nuremberg Military Tribunals against Nazi leaders begin.
** Franconia State Orchestra formed.
* 1948 — A “strong tornado” destroys dozens of homes and kills 11 people in the city.
* 1950
** German Toy Fair begins.
** Population: 362,459.
* 1957 – Langwasser development begins.
* 1959 – St. Egidien Church rebuilt.
* 1967 – Kunsthalle Nürnberg (art centre) founded.
* 1968 – City mapped into 10 Statistischen Stadtteilen (statistical districts).
* 1971 – Nuremberg Toy Museum founded.
* 1972 – Katzwang becomes part of city.
* 1987 – Nuremberg S-Bahn S1 metro railway begins operating.
* 1992 – Nuremberg S-Bahn S2 and S3 metro railway begins operating.
* 2000 – Neues Museum Nürnberg opens.

## 21st century

* 2001 – City co-hosts the 2001 IIHF World Championship.
* 2002 – Ulrich Maly becomes mayor.
* 2010 – Nuremberg S-Bahn S4 metro railway begins operating.
* 2012 – Population: 495,121.