# The Time to Live and the Time to Die

The Time to Live and the Time to Die, also known as A Time to Live, A Time to Die is a 1985 Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-hsien. This film is inspired by Hou's own experience of growing up in Fengshan, Kaohsiung city. It is the second part of Hou's coming-of-age trilogy, preceded by A Summer at Grandpa's (1984) and followed by Dust in the Wind (1986).

## Plot

The Time to Live and the Time to Die adopts Hou Hsiao-hsien’s own voice as the voice-over narrator to tell the story of the maturation of Ah-ha (阿孝; Hou’s nickname pronounced in Hakka), which spans from the years of 1947 to 1965. It begins with Hou recounting how his father, who was a public servant in the Nationalist government, brought his family to Taiwan to live in Hsinchu and then moved to the dormitory in Fengshan, Kaohsiung due to his ill health. Ah-ha’s grandma would always go out to call him back for dinner and sometimes take him with her to embark on the road to go back to the home in China. The father died when Hou was still young. He grew up to become a rebellious high school student. While marks of tanks on the asphalt road indicated that Taiwan was in a state of war, it did not prevent Ah-ha from picking fights with other students or local gangs. He was defiant enough to even deflate his school teacher‘s bike tire and break the window of the veteran house. The death of his mother began to make him change. He fell in love with a girl from another high school, who told him she would only consider dating him after he was admitted to college, which prompted him to seriously prepare for the college entrance exam. A year later Ah-ha failed the exam. He blamed himself for neglecting to take good care of his grandmother, who died without being noticed by him and his two young brothers at home. The mortician found that half of her body was already in decay and gave them a scolding look for their lack of filial piety. The narrator ends the film by saying that he was often reminded of the road he walked with his grandmother to go back to China and the many guava they picked on the way home.

## Production

The Time to Live and the Time to Die is a film which is inspired by Hou Hsiao-hsien’s own life story, which is shot in his old home in Fengshan District, Kaohsiung, and the voice-over in this film is also recorded by the director himself. Hou mentioned that he tried to make the film realistic to render his childhood memories on screen and that he actually cared very little about the form when shooting the film. The documentary, Portrait of Hou Hsiao-Hsien, by Olivier Assayas, begins with the segment of The Time to Live and the Time to Die. It also invites Hou to take the crew back to his hometown for a tour of the locations in The Time to Live and the Time to Die.
Nearly all of the actors in this film are non-professional and are picked by Hou. Actor Yu An-Shun and Actress Hsin Shu-fen made their debut in this film. Yu An-Shun (游安順) was introduced to Hou Hsiao-hsien by actress Yang Li-Yin (楊麗音) and cinematographer Chen Huai-En (陳懷恩). Hsin Shu-fen was discovered by Hou near a theatre in Ximending, Taipei. She was later cast in many of Hou’s later films, including the acclaimed Dust in the Wind.
The film’s director of sound Tu Du-Chih and cinematographer Lee Ping-Bin became Hou Hsiao-hsien’s important long-term collaborators after they collaborated on this film.
Actress Mei Fang (梅芳), who could speak Taiwanese, Hakka, and Mandarin fluently, was also the dubbing instructor when the film was being filmed, who taught most of the actors how to speak Hakka.
The digital restoration of this film was released in 2013 by Central Motion Picture Corp.

## Cast

| Actor/Actress | Role |
| Tian Feng (田豐) | A Xiao(阿孝)’s father |
| Mei Fang (梅芳) | A Xiao’s mother |
| Tang Ru-Yun (唐如韞) | A Xiao’s grandmother |
| Xiao Ai (蕭艾) | A Xiao’s sister/Hui-Lan (惠闌) |
| Yu An-Shun (游安順) | A Xiao/He Xiao-Yan (何孝炎) |
| Chen Shu-Fang (陳淑芳) | Mother of A Xia’s crush |
| Xin Shu-Fen (辛樹芬) | High school girl/A Xia’s crush |

## Awards

* 1985 Golden Horse Awards
** Nominated:
*** Best Narrative Feature: Central Motion Pictures Corporation
*** Best Director: Hou Hsiao-Hsien
*** Best Original Film Score: Wu Chu-Chu
*** Best Sound Effects: Xin Jiang-Cheng
*** Best Cinematography: Chen Huai-En
** Won:
*** Best Supporting Actress: Tang Ru-Yun
*** Best Original Screenplay: Hou Hsiao-Hsian, Zhu Tian-Wen
* 1986 Berlin International Film Festival Forum of New Cinema
** Won: FIPRESCI Prize
* 1987 Rotterdam International Film Festival
** Won: Rotterdam Award – Best Non-American/Non-European Film
* 1990 Kinema Junpo Awards
** Won: Best Foreign Language Film Director – Hou Hsiao-hsien

## Reception

Rotten Tomatoes reports 100% approval for The Time to Live and the Time to Die, based on five reviews with an average rating of 8.2/10. Janet Maslin of The New York Times praised its cinematography and wrote that "much of the film is about suffering and loss, detailing the painful circumstances in which family members, one by one, grow ill and die. The simplicity and tact with which these illnesses are chronicled help to give an otherwise largely uneventful film some emotional impact…It's an unpretentious and largely unremarkable film that occasionally reaches unexpected depths of feeling". Variety called it a "beautifully controlled and highly nostalgic picture of childhood".

## Legacy

Derek Malcolm has compared Hou Hsiao-hsien to Satyajit Ray and wrote that the film's honesty and truth "manage[s] to summon up this little microcosm of the world perfectly…Everything is right: the miraculous use of sound, the limpid cinematography, the natural acting create an atmosphere you can't forget". Jonathan Rosenbaum praised its long takes and deep focus cinematography and called it "unhurried family chronicle carries an emotional force and a historical significance that may not be immediately apparent". Geoff Andrew of Time Out wrote that "it is the unflinching, unsentimental honesty that supplies the elegiac intelligence: Hou's quiet style bursts forth, here and there, into sudden, superlative scenes of untrammelled emotional power. It's a brilliantly simple but multi-faceted portrait of loss and the complacency of childhood: quite literally, we can't go home again".

## Anecdotes

Actress Yang Li-Yin (楊麗音) had cooperated with Hou Hsiao-hsien for multiple times, and starred in many of his films. She volunteered to be the assistant director, who was in charge of prop in The Time to Live and the Time to Die. It was her first time as a technical crew. In an interview, she said that she didn’t do well in this occupation, and after this film, Hou joked and told her she better stayed focused as an actress.
Chen Shu-Fang (陳淑芳)’s part in The Time to Live and the Time to Die was cut in the digital restoration version due to film damping. The restored version was as a result defective.