OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Portrait of Baertje Martens

Portrait of Baertje Martens is a 1640 oil on oak panel portrait by Rembrandt, now in the Hermitage Museum after being acquired in Paris by Dmitri Alekseyevich Gallitzin for Catherine II of Russia. It is the pendent to the same artist's Portrait of Herman Doomer (Metropolitan Museum of Art).

## Sources

* Rembrandt Tentoonstelling. Ter herdenking van de geboorte van Rembrandt op 15 juli 1606, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, 18 mei-5 augustus 1956, Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam, 8 augustus-21 oktober 1956, OCLC 15659340, cat.nr. 42.
# Varatuomari

Varatuomari (lit. 'vice-judge' or 'reserve judge'; Swedish: vicehäradshövding), or Master of Laws with court training, is a Finnish legal title for a qualified lawyer who has been trained on the bench and is equipped to appear before a court.
The title dates back to the 1700s, when Finland was part of Sweden. In Sweden, the title was abolished in 1894 and reintroduced with a different meaning from 1918 until its elimination in 1926. It was reintroduced by the 1918 statute on the administration of court cases, which was replaced by the 1920 statute. However, the latter institution had a substantially different meaning than the former; the deputy chief justice was paid by the state and the requirements for obtaining such an office were considerably stricter. It was now necessary to have served as a member or tax collector in a court of appeal for a total of at least one year or as an auditor's secretary.
In Finland, the title is granted by the Judicial Training Board, following the completion of a Master's degree in law and a one-year court training period as a Trainee District Judge in a District Court, or partially in an Administrative Court or a Court of Appeals. The Board also carries out the centralised application procedure for court traineeships and selects and appoints Trainees to District Courts, Administrative Courts and Courts of Appeal, and grants the candidates who successfully complete the court traineeship the right to use this qualification.
The title is not a formal requirement for public sector legal offices, but it remains a de facto requirement when applying for the positions of e.g. judge or prosecutor. In addition, it is recognised as a relevant qualification for appointments into senior police officer positions.
# Pavle Grubješić

Pavle Grubješić (Serbian Cyrillic: Пaвлe Гpубjeшић; 12 March 1953 – 23 January 1999) was a Serbian footballer.

## Personal life

While playing for Partizan, Pavle held the nickname of Brzi Gonzales. His son Nikola Grubješić was also a footballer at Partizan.

## Death

Grubješić died suddenly from a heart attack, aged 45, on 23 January 1999 in his hometown of Šabac.

## Honours
### Partizan

* Yugoslav First League: 1975–76, 1977–78.
# Murder on the Waterfront

Murder on the Waterfront is a 1943 American drama film directed by B. Reeves Eason and written by Robert E. Kent. The film stars Warren Douglas, Joan Winfield, John Loder, Ruth Ford, Bill Crago and Bill Kennedy. The film was released by Warner Bros. on September 18, 1943.

## Plot

Joey and Gloria Davis get married, but Joey must report to service in the Navy before they can have their wedding night. Joey sneaks his new wife into a heavily secured camp which is watchful due to new top secret information. When a murder is found, the newlyweds find themselves involved in the investigation. A mystery ensues, and Gloria may be in danger.

## Cast

* Warren Douglas as Joey Davis
* Joan Winfield as Gloria Davis
* John Loder as Lt. Cmdr. Holbrook
* Ruth Ford as Lana Shane
* Bill Crago as Lt. Dawson
* Bill Kennedy as First Officer Barnes
* William B. Davidson as Capt. David Towne
* Don Costello as Gordon Shane
* James Flavin as Cmdr. George Kalin
# Model Shop

Model Shop may refer to:
* Model Shop (film), a 1969 Jacques Demy film
* Model Shop (album), the soundtrack to the film, recorded by Spirit
# Rufous-tailed weaver

The rufous-tailed weaver (Histurgops ruficauda) is a species of songbird found in Tanzania.
It is included in the weaver family (Ploceidae), but many authors included it in the Old World sparrow family Passeridae when Old World sparrows were separated from the weavers proper. It is placed in the monotypic genus Histurgops.
It is an endemic breeder in Tanzania, but vagrants occur in Kenya too.
# Robert Davies (bishop)

Robert Edward Davies CBE (30 July 1913 – 17 May 2002) was the Anglican Bishop of Tasmania from 1963 to 1981.
Educated at Queensland University, he was ordained in 1937 and began his career as an assistant priest at Christ Church Cathedral, Newcastle, NSW. After World War II service as a chaplain with Toc H and the Royal Australian Air Force he became Warden of St John's College Brisbane. After this he was Archdeacon of Canberra, then Wagga Wagga. He became an assistant bishop of Newcastle and Warden of St John's Theological College, Morpeth in 1960 and three years later the Tasmanian diocesan bishop.
# Sherpur Dona

Sherpur Dona is a village in Sultanpur Lodhi tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab, India. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from the city of Sultanpur Lodhi, 35 kilometres (22 mi) away from district headquarter Kapurthala. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per the constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).
# Penzing, Bavaria

Penzing (German pronunciation: ) is a municipality in the district of Landsberg in Bavaria in Germany.
# Penta-Acquatella

Penta-Acquatella is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.
It is part of the canton of Golo-Morosaglia.

## Geography

Penta Acquatella lies south of the river Golo in the Castagniccia, 29 kilometres (18 mi) south-southeast of Campitello.
# Peppermint (EP)

Peppermint EP is the debut EP released by Canadian rock band Sloan. It was released on their own label, Murderecords, in 1992.
The EP was recorded at Sound Market Studios in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada by Terry Pulliam, who also engineered the recording.
Three songs – "Marcus Said", "Underwhelmed", and "Sugartune" – were also included on the band's first full-length album, Smeared; "Underwhelmed" was entirely re-recorded, while "Marcus Said" and "Sugartune" were remixed versions of the original Peppermint recordings.
Jennifer Pierce of Jale provides additional backing vocals on two songs, "Marcus Said" and "Torn".
The cover is a photo of Jason Larsen, a friend of the band's, after whom the band is named. Larsen was originally called "Slow One" by his French-speaking boss, a nickname which, when said in the boss' French accent, sounded more like "Sloan". Larsen agreed they could name the band after him as long as he was on the cover of their first album.

## Track listing

* "Marcus Said" (Chris Murphy) – 4:34
* "Underwhelmed" (Chris Murphy) – 5:25
* "Pretty Voice" (Jay Ferguson) – 3:08
* "Lucky for Me" (Chris Murphy) – 3:11
* "Sugartune" (Patrick Pentland) – 3:37
* "Torn" (Chris Murphy) – 2:55

## Credits

* Jay Ferguson – Guitar, vocals
* Chris Murphy – Bass, vocals
* Patrick Pentland – Guitar, vocals
* Andrew Scott – Drums, vocals
* Jennifer Pierce – vocals ("Marcus Said" and "Torn")
# Per Lothar Lindtner

Per Lothar Lindtner (born 1947) is a Norwegian politician. Lindtner was the head of the Communist Party of Norway from 1993 to 2001, serving in a collective leadership with Terje Krogh and Kjell Underlid from 1993 to 1998, and with Underlid from 1998 to 2000. He is a member of the party's Hordaland unit. He headed the party's ticket in Hordaland in the 2001 Norwegian parliamentary election.
Lindtner is the son of the actor Lothar Lindtner and the brother of the actor Lasse Lindtner. He is married to Unni Hovden.
# Percopsis transmontana

Percopsis transmontana, the sand roller, is a species of percopsiform fish endemic to the Columbia River drainage in the northwestern United States. This species grows to a length of 9.6 centimetres (3.8 in) TL. Sand rollers can live up to 6 years in slow-moving, sandy-bottomed streams and rivers among vegetation. Their diet includes flies and Trichoptera, although juveniles also have been known to eat crustacean zooplankton.
# Pericardial fluid

Pericardial fluid is the serous fluid secreted by the serous layer of the pericardium into the pericardial cavity. The pericardium consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and the inner serous layer. This serous layer has two membranes which enclose the pericardial cavity into which is secreted the pericardial fluid. The fluid is similar to the cerebrospinal fluid of the brain which also serves to cushion and allow some movement of the organ.

## Function

The pericardial fluid reduces friction within the pericardium by lubricating the epicardial surface allowing the membranes to glide over each other with each heart beat.

## Composition

Ben-Horin et al. (2005) studied the composition of pericardial fluid in patients undergoing open heart surgery. They found that the fluid is made up of a high concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), protein and lymphocytes. In a healthy adult there is up to 50 ml of clear, straw-coloured fluid. However, there is little data on the normal composition of pericardial fluid to serve as a reference.

### Ischemic heart disease

In patients with ischemic heart disease there is an accumulation of angiogenic growth factors in the pericardial fluid. These contribute to angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) and arteriogenesis (the increase in diameter of existing arterioles). This helps to prevent myocardial ischemia (lack of oxygen to the heart).

## Pericardial effusion

A pericardial effusion is the presence of excessive pericardial fluid, this can be confirmed using an echocardiogram. Small effusions are not necessarily dangerous and are commonly caused by infection such as HIV or can occur after cardiac surgery. Large and rapidly accumulating effusions may cause cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening complication, that puts pressure on the heart preventing the ventricles from filling correctly.

## Pericardiocentesis

Pericardiocentesis is a procedure used to remove the pericardial fluid from the pericardial cavity. It is performed using a needle and under the guidance of an ultrasound. It can be used to relieve pressure from pericardial effusions or for diagnostic purposes, showing the cause of abnormalities such as: Cancer, Cardiac perforation, Cardiac trauma, Congestive heart failure, Pericarditis rupture of a ventricular aneurysm.

## Pericardial window

This can also be used to treat pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade.

## Additional Images

* Pericardial fluid
# Percy Edward Kent

Sir Percy Edward Kent FGS FRS (18 March 1913 – 9 July 1986) was a British geologist who won the Royal Medal in 1971. Awarded the Bigsby Medal in 1955 and the Murchison Medal in 1969, he was made a Knight Bachelor in the 1973 Birthday Honours.

## Early life

He attended West Bridgford Grammar School. From the University of Nottingham he gained a BSc in 1934, and a PhD in 1941.

## Career

P.E. Kent joined Louis Leakey and Mary Leakey in their 1935 investigation of Olduvai Gorge. He was Chief Geologist from 1966 to 1971 of BP. In 1969-1970 he served as the President of the Lincolnshire Naturalists' Union, where he already served as the sectional officer for geology. From 1974 to 1976 he was President of the Geological Society of London.

## Personal life

He married Margaret (Betty) Hood in 1940, and they had two daughters, one of whom is Helen Cooper. His first wife died in 1974. In 1976 he married Lorna Scott. He lived in West Bridgford.
# Perlmutter

Perlmutter is a German and Ashkenazi Jewish surname. It may refer to:
* Adele Perlmutter [de] (1845–1941), Austrian photographer
* Alvin H. Perlmutter, television producer
* David Perlmutter (born 1954), American physician and author
* David M. Perlmutter (born 1938), American linguist
* Ed Perlmutter (born 1953), US Congressman from Colorado
* Inbal Perlmutter (1971–1997), Israeli musician
* Isaac Perlmutter (born 1942), American businessman and financier
* Jordon Perlmutter (1931–2011), American real estate developer
* Richard Perlmutter, songwriter, singer and producer
* Roger Perlmutter, Merck research leader and scientist
* Saul Perlmutter (born 1959), Nobel laureate astrophysicist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
* Shira Perlmutter (born 1956), 14th and incumbent US Register of Copyrights
# Perry Hannah House

The Perry Hannah House, also known as the Reynolds-Jonkhoff Funeral Home, is a house located at 305 6th Street in Traverse City, Michigan. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1971 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

## History

Perry Hannah was born in 1824 in Erie County, Pennsylvania, the son of E. L. and Ann Hannah. In 1837 the Hannahs moved to St. Clair County, Michigan, and Perry soon was employed in rafting logs from Port Huron to Detroit. He was later employed in a Port Huron store, but in 1846 moved to Chicago to clerk at a lumberyard. In 1850, he formed a partnership with A. Tracy Lay and James Morgan, called Hannah, Lay, and Co. In 1851, the firm purchased land near Traverse City and began logging.
In 1852, Hannah married Ann Amelia Flynn; the couple had three children. In 1854 the Hannahs permanently moved to Traverse City, where Perry Hannah guided Hannah, Lay, and Co. to immense profits, expanding into banking, milling, real estate, and wholesale and retail sales. In 1886, they divested the lumbering portion of the business. By the 1890s, Hannah, Lay, and Co. was worth tens of millions of dollars.
The Perry Hannah House was designed in 1891 by Grand Rapids architect William G. Robinson for Hannah. It was completed in 1893. Hannah used the house as his retirement home, living there until his death in 1904. The house then passed to his daughter-in-law, Elsie Hannah. Years later, unable to afford the upkeep of the house, Elsie Hannah planned to demolish it. However, demolition also proved too costly, and she donated the house to the American Legion. The Legion sold it to the owner of Weaver's Funeral Home, who converted it into a funeral parlor, making almost no alterations to the original house. In 1976, the Reynolds-Jonkhoff Funeral Home began using the home; they still operate it and maintain the house.

## Description

The Perry Hannah House occupies a large double lot on the corner of Sixth and Pine streets. It is a three-story asymmetric brick Queen Anne structure clad with clapboard siding and round corner turrets. The house sits on a granite foundation and is capped with a hip roof; a wide veranda nearly encircles the structure. A 2+1⁄2-story carriage house, now used as a garage, sits behind the house.
Inside the house are 40 rooms located on four floors, with a total of 14,000 square feet (1,300 m$^2$). The house contains ten fireplaces, eight with handmade Venetian tiles. The woodwork features many types of wood, including cherry, birch, beech, birds-eye and curly maple, oak, dark oak, walnut, and Brazilian mahogany.
# Perth International (badminton)

The Perth International in badminton, is an international open held in Perth, Australia. The event is first held as Western Australia International in 2003. The tournament sanctioned by the Badminton World Federation, and part of the Badminton Oceania circuit.

## Previous winners

| Year | Men's singles | Women's singles | Men's doubles | Women's doubles | Mixed doubles |
| 2003 | Ng Wei | Miho Tanaka | Hendri Saputra Denny Setiawan | Seiko Yamada Shizuka Yamamoto | Daniel Shirley Sara Runesten-Petersen |
| 2004 | Sairul Amar Ayob | Huang Chia-chi | Naoki Kawamae Yusuke Shinkai | Noriko Okuma Miyuki Tai | Travis Denney Kate Wilson-Smith |
| 2019 FS | Chi Yu-jen | Liang Ting-yu | Shia Chun Kang Tan Boon Heong | Cheng Yu-chieh Tseng Yu-chi | Chi Yu-jen Lin Xiao-min |

## Performances by nation

Top Nations :
| Pos | Nation | MS | WS | MD | WD | XD | Total |
| 1 | Chinese Taipei | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| 2 | Japan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 3 | Malaysia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | Australia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | Hong Kong | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | New Zealand | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | Singapore | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 15 |
# Periodic steady-state analysis

Periodic Steady-State Analysis (PSS analysis) computes the periodic steady-state response of a circuit at a specified fundamental frequency, with a simulation time independent of the time constants of the circuit. The PSS analysis also determines the circuit's periodic operating point which is required starting point for the periodic time-varying small-signal analyses: PAC, PSP, PXF, and Pnoise. The PSS analysis works with both autonomous and driven circuits. PSS is usually used after transient analysis.

## Examples

The current through a capacitance of value C in time domain is $i(t)=C{\frac {dv(t)}{dt}}$, which becomes $v(t)=v(t_{0})+{\frac {1}{C}}\int _{t_{0}}^{t_{0}+t}{i(t)dt}$ . For this component operating in a periodic steady state circuit, its voltage will be $v(t_{0}+T)=v(t_{0})$ when T is equal to its fundamental period. Referring back to the original voltage function $v(t)=v(t_{0})+{\frac {1}{C}}\int _{t_{0}}^{t_{0}+t}{i(t)dt}$, it can be determined that the average current flowing through the capacitor is zero in periodic steady state.
* This electronics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* t
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# Periodic poling

Periodic poling is a formation of layers with alternate orientation in a birefringent material. The domains are regularly spaced, with period in a multiple of the desired wavelength of operation. The structure is designed to achieve quasi-phase-matching (QPM) in the material.
Periodically poled crystals are frequently used as nonlinear optical materials. They are more efficient at second-harmonic generation than crystals of the same material without periodic structure. The material for the crystals is usually a wide-bandgap inorganic crystal, or in some cases a suitable organic polymer. Some popular materials in current use are potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP), lithium niobate, and lithium tantalate.
The periodic structure is created in the crystal using a range of techniques. Pulsed electric field, electron bombardment, thermal pulsing, or other methods can be used to reposition the atoms in the lattice, creating oriented domains. This can be achieved either during the growth of the crystal or subsequently.
# Peru at the 1999 Pan American Games

The 13th Pan American Games were held in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada from July 23 to August 8, 1999.

## Medals
### Silver
##### Karate

* Women's Kumite (– 53 kg): Gladys Eusebio

### Bronze
##### Karate

* Men's Kata: Akio Tamashiro
# Peru at the 2008 Summer Paralympics

Peru sent a delegation of four athletes to compete in three sports at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China.

## Equestrian

* Rosa Loewenthal

### Powerlifting

| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Niel Garcia Trelles | 52kg | NMR | NMR |

### Swimming
#### Men

| Athlete | Class | Event | Heats | Heats | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Class | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Jimmy Eulert | S3 | 50m freestyle | DSQ | DSQ | did not advance | did not advance |
| Jimmy Eulert | S3 | 50m backstroke | DNS | DNS | did not advance | did not advance |
| Jose Gonzalez-Mugaburu | SB6 | 100m breaststroke | 1:46.67 | 10 | did not advance | did not advance |
# Peter Crane (director)

Peter Crane (born December 22, 1948, in London, England) is a British film director, film producer and television director.
He directed the feature films Hunted (1972), Assassin (1973) and Moments (1974). He also directed episodes of the American television series B. J. and the Bear, Darkroom, The Fall Guy, Knight Rider, Masquerade. Moonlighting, Murder, She Wrote, Guns of Paradise, Hunter and Kung Fu: The Legend Continues, his last directing credit.
He also produced numerous films including The Passion of Ayn Rand (1999), in which he was nominated for the Television Producer of the Year Award in Longform at the 2000 Producers Guild of America Awards.
# Wesley P. Lloyd

Wesley Parkinson Lloyd (June 16, 1904 – March 7, 1977) was an American college administrator in several universities including Brigham Young University and the United States International University. Lloyd was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and served an LDS mission. He taught at Rexburg High School and after, worked as a principal of seminary. After receiving his master's and doctorate degrees, Lloyd worked at multiple universities, including BYU, the United States International University, and California Western College. In his personal life, Lloyd married Lucille Murdock in 1926 and had three children. He died on March 7, 1977, at the age of 72.

## Early life

Wesley Parkinson Lloyd was born June 16, 1904, in Ogden, Utah. His parents were Charles E. Lloyd and Lucy Parkinson. Lloyd was baptized into the LDS Church on April 8, 1913, by John B. Fehr. Lloyd attended a Latter-day Saint high school in Salt Lake City, Utah. He went on to attend BYU.
Lloyd was married on December 30, 1926, to Lucille "Lillie" Murdock. The couple had three children together. He graduated in 1927 from BYU with his bachelor's degree in philosophy of education. Lloyd served a mission for the LDS Church under B. H. Roberts to the Eastern States Mission. He was a missionary from June 1929 until August 1929.

## Career

Lloyd taught at Rexburg High School in Rexburg, Idaho, for three years. After teaching in Rexburg, he taught as a principal of seminary for the LDS Church in both Grace and Oakley, Idaho. While overseeing seminary, Lloyd worked on his master's degree, which he completed from BYU in 1934. In 1937, he graduated with his doctorate degree in religion and education from the University of Chicago.
Lloyd worked in the Department of Philosophy of Education from 1937 to 1969 at BYU. He was the department chair from 1937 to 1944, the Dean of Men from 1938 until 1960, and the dean of the graduate school, from 1960 to 1969. He then retired from BYU to work as the dean at the United States International University. He worked there from 1969 until 1972. He then became the director of California Western College. He worked in that capacity until 1976. He was elected the chair of the Center for Leadership Education from 1974 to 1977.
Lloyd died on March 7, 1977, in La Jolla, California.
# TNCA

The Talleres Nacionales de Construcciones Aeronáuticas (TNCA) (national aviation workshops) was an aircraft manufacturer established outside Mexico City in 1915. TNCA closed in 1930, was briefly revived in 1941 under the name Talleres Generales de Aeronáutica (TGA) and again in 1947.
The main designers were Brigadier General and engineer Juan Francisco Azcárate, and Italian engineer Francisco Santarini, who manufactured a variety of domestically-designed military aircraft, propellers and engines.

## Aircraft

* TNCA Series A - biplane.
* TNCA Serie B
* TNCA Series C- biplane, powered by a Hispano-Suiza engine. Also called Microplano Veloz and Microbio.
* TNCA Serie D derived from the Bleriot and Morane-Saulnier aircraft.
* TNCA Serie E - biplane.
* TNCA Serie F derived from the Bleriot and Morane-Saulnier aircraft.
* TNCA Serie G derived from the Bleriot and Morane-Saulnier aircraft.
* TNCA Serie H - bomber, monoplane, high wing, double control.
* TNCA MTW-1
* TNCA TTS-5
* TNCA O-E-1 Azcárate
* Sea Teziutlán
* Avro 504 - built under license and called Avro Anáhuac.
* O2U-4A Corsair - built under license and named Corsario Azcárate.

## Other vehicles

* TNCA Salinas Tank
* Caloca Hovercraft

## Engines
### Aztatl

    The first aircraft engine manufactured in Mexico starting on 1917. The engine was an air-cooled radial and was built in versions of three, six (80 hp) and ten cylinders.

### SS México

    National design and manufacture.

### Trébol

    A three-cylinder, 45 hp engine.

### Anzani, Gnome and Hispano-Suiza

    Built by TNCA in Mexico under licence.
Some TNCA aircraft were powered by Wright and Renault engines. TNCA engineers also designed and produced the high performance Anáhuac Propeller, later copied by several countries.