OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Hammond (regicide)

Thomas Hammond (c. 1600–1658), was an officer in the New Model Army and a regicide.

## Family life

Hammond was the third son of the five children of Dr John Hammond (c. 1555–1617), physician to the royal household under James I, who purchased the site of Chertsey Abbey in Surrey in 1602. His brother was the cleric, Henry Hammond. He married Susan Temple (daughter of John Temple of Frankton) in 1635.

## Civil War

In 1642, at the start of the English Civil War he was commissioned as an artillery officer. As he was an experienced officer he must have seen military service in the continental wars that preceded the Civil War although there is no direct evidence of this. His motives for joining the Parliamentary side against King Charles I are not recorded but his radicalism was evident by 1644 when he testified against his own commander-in-chief, Edward Montagu in favour of Oliver Cromwell.
Between 1647 and 1649 he was active member of small committee that represented the interests of the Grandees in the New Model Army in their dealings with the Long Parliament, the Agitators in the army with their and their Leveller allies, and King Charles. Was named as a Commissioner at the High Court of Justice for the trial of Charles I and attending no fewer than fourteen of its sittings, but he did not sign the death warrant. His motives for not signing are not recorded.

## Post Civil War

Hammond did not take part in the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland or in the initial invasion of Scotland, but he joined Cromwell at a later date. While in Scotland he fell seriously ill. His health appears never to have fully recovered and he resigned his commission in 1652.
After his retirement he was occupied with obtaining pay arrears due to himself and the other personnel of the artillery train that he had commanded. He was granted Irish lands for his part in the initial campaign of 1642, and along with his men lands confiscated from Royalists in Middlesex and Surrey. In 1657 with his health failing he made his will and he died the next year shortly before his old friend and former commander Oliver Cromwell. After the Restoration his name was exempted from the Indemnity and Oblivion Act allowing the state to confiscate the property that had belonged to him.
# Rebecca Earle

Rebecca Earle FBA (born 1964) is a historian, specialising in the history of food and colonial and 19th-century Spanish America. She is a professor in the Department of History at the University of Warwick. She is married to Matt Western, MP for Warwick and Leamington.

## Biography

Earle completed her undergraduate studies at Bryn Mawr College in 1986. She then undertook three successive post-graduate degrees at the University of Warwick: MSc in Maths (1987), MA in history (1990), and PhD in history (1994).
Her 2008 book The Return of the Native: Indians and Mythmaking in Spanish America, 1810-1930 was awarded an Honorable Mention in the 2008 Bolton-Johnson Prize by the Conference on Latin American History. Earle's 2013 book The Body of the Conquistador. Food, Race, and the Colonial Experience in South America, 1492-1700 won the prize outright in 2013.
Earle has written articles about food history for The Independent, The Conversation, BBC History Magazine, and The Sunday Telegraph.
Earle was elected as a Fellow of the British Academy in 2020.
She is a member of the Editorial Board for Past & Present.

## Select publications

* Earle, R. 2020 Feeding the People: The Politics of the Potato. Cambridge University Press.
* Earle, R. 2012. The Body of the Conquistador: Food, Race and the Colonial Experience in Spanish America, 1492-1700. Cambridge University Press.
* Earle, R. 2008. The Return of the Native: Indians and Mythmaking in Spanish America, 1810-1930. Duke University Press.
* Earle, R. 2000. Spain and the Independence of Colombia. University of Exeter Press. Spanish Translation: España y la independencia de Colombia, Banco de la República (Bogotá, 2014).
# The Strangling (film)

The Strangling (絞殺, Kōsatsu) is a 1979 Japanese drama film written and directed by Kaneto Shindō. It is based on a real-life incident of a father who had strangled his violent son which became known as the "Kaisei High School Murder Case".

## Cast

* Kō Nishimura as Yasuzō Kariba
* Nobuko Otowa as Ryōko Kariba
* Tsutomu Kariba as Tsutomu Kariba
* Aida Hatsuko as Hatsuko Morikawa
* Eiji Okada as Yoshio Morikawa

## Release

The Strangling was released in Japan on 2 June 1979. It screened in competition at the 36th Venice International Film Festival, where Nobuko Otowa was awarded as Best Actress, and at the Hong Kong International Film Festival.
# Subzero

Sub-zero literally means "beneath zero". As such, it is usually used for negative numbers; the most common usage refers to negative temperature.
Sub-zero can also refer to:

## Fictional characters

* Sub-Zero (Mortal Kombat), either of two characters from the video game series Mortal Kombat
** Noob Saibot, a character introduced in Mortal Kombat II and later established as the original Sub-Zero from Mortal Kombat
** Mortal Kombat Mythologies: Sub-Zero, a spin-off video game
* Sub-Zero (G.I. Joe), a fictional character in the G.I. Joe universe
* Sub-Zero, one of the "stalkers" from the movie The Running Man

## Film and television

* Sub Zero (film), a 2005 Canadian action film directed by Jim Wynorski
* Sub Zero (game show), a 1999–2001 British television game show for children produced by the BBC
* Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero, an animated 1998 film

## Other

* SubZero (webcomic)
* Subzero (band), a hardcore punk band
* Subzero (horse), (1988-2020) an Australian racehorse that won the 1992 Melbourne Cup
* SUB ZERO (brand), outdoor clothing brand name
* Sub-Zero (company), a manufacturer of refrigerators and other kitchen appliances
* Subzero, a Geometry Dash spin-off game made by Robtop Games for mobile phones
* "Sub-Zer0", a song by Ho99o9 from the album United States of Horror
# Succisa

Succisa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae.
Species include the devil's-bit scabious, Succisa pratensis.

## Species

As of September 2020, Plants of the World Online accepted three species:
* Succisa pinnatifida Lange
* Succisa pratensis Moench
* Succisa trichotocephala Baksay
# Succinylornithine aminotransferase

Succinylornithine aminotransferase may refer to:
* Succinylornithine transaminase, enzyme
* Acetylornithine transaminase, enzyme
# Succinylsulfathiazole

Succinylsulfathiazole (also known as sulfasuxidine) is a sulfonamide. It is also spelled as succinylsulphathiazole. It is a white or yellow-white crystalline powder. It dissolves in aqueous solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates but is very slightly soluble in water.
It is classified as ultra long-acting drug. About 95% of the drug remains in the intestine and only 5% is hydrolyzed, slowly, to sulfathiazole and is absorbed.
The drug is used for its antibacterial activity in the GIT. The dose is 10g - 20g daily in divided doses.
The Succinyl group is attached to form a prodrug for the controlled release of the drug sulfathiazole.
# Modrušani

Modrušani (Italian: Medrosani or Modrussani) is a village in the municipality of Žminj, in Istria, Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 129.
# Mokichi

Mokichi (written: 茂吉) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Mokichi Okada (岡田 茂吉, 1882–1955), Japanese religious leader
* Mokichi Saitō (斎藤 茂吉, 1882–1953), Japanese poet
# Subsonic

Subsonic may refer to:

## Motion through a medium

* Any speed lower than the speed of sound within a sound-propagating medium
* Subsonic aircraft, a flying machine that flies at air speeds lower than the speed of sound
* Subsonic ammunition, a type of bullet designed to avoid creating a loud shockwave when fired
* Subsonic flight, an aircraft flight at air speeds lower than the speed of sound in air
* Subsonic and transonic wind tunnels

## Music

* Subsonic (album), a 2002 album by Vigleik Storaas Trio
* Subsonic (EP), a 2013 EP by Younha
* Subsonic album series:
** Subsonic 2: Bass Terror, a 1995 album by Bill Laswell and Nicholas Bullen
** Subsonic 3: Skinner's Black Laboratories, a 1995 album by Andy Hawkins and Justin Broadrick
* Subsonic Music Festival, an annual electronic music festival in Monkerai, Australia
# Subsonic 2: Bass Terror

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Subsonic 2: Bass Terror is an album by Bill Laswell and Nicholas Bullen, released on March 14, 1995, by Sub Rosa. It is the second release in the Subsonic series, a succession of split albums produced by different artists focusing on guitar soundscapes.

## Personnel

Adapted from the Subsonic 2: Bass Terror liner notes.

### Musicians

* Nicholas Bullen – prepared bass guitar, electronics and producer (2, 3)
* Neil Griffiths – prepared bass guitar (3)
* Bill Laswell – instruments and producer (1)

### Technical personnel

* Guy Marc Hinant – editing
* Layng Martine – assistant engineer (1)
* Manuel Mohino – mastering
* Robert Musso – engineering (1)

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Belgium | 1995 | Sub Rosa | CD | SR 82 |
# Mobile and Ohio Railroad Depot

Mobile and Ohio Railroad Depot may refer to:
* Mobile and Ohio Railroad Depot (Murphysboro, Illinois), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Jackson County, Illinois
* Mobile and Ohio Railroad Depot (Aberdeen, Mississippi), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Monroe County, Mississippi
# Mobile assault platoon

A mobile assault platoon, also called MAP platoon or MAP, is a unit structure concept used in the U.S. Marine Corps infantry. It is part of the wider mobile assault company concept, itself an element of a marine infantry battalion. MACs are designed to replace a conventional weapons company, being more mobile and thus more usable in mid- and high-intensity conflicts (MIC-HIC).

## History

The units were introduced in the mid-1990s, based on the Marine Corps' combined anti-armor team (CAAT), and its critical use in Operation Desert Storm. The MAC furthered the CAAT structure to encompass a whole infantry company. The first MAC was with 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines.

## Structure

Mobile assault platoons are part of mobile assault companies, which are designed to replace the current weapons company structure of a marine infantry battalion. In this scheme, the weapons company becomes a fourth infantry maneuver element, in conjunction with the battalion's three rifle companies. The weapons company's combined anti-armor team or combined arms assault team, mortar platoons, and heavy machine gun platoons are reorganized to provide the manpower of an MAC.
Of the weapons company's weapon systems, the BGM-71 TOW, M2 machine gun, and the Mk 19 grenade launcher can be mounted on vehicle turrets. However, mortars cannot be fired from a Humvee or MRAP.
MAPs are mounted units, using wheeled vehicles such as Humvees and MRAPs for movement rather than conducting foot patrols. However, dismounted infantry scouts can also be employed to protect vehicles.
While they are used in combat operations, the MAP and MAC are not officially designated in the Marine Corps table of organization and equipment (TO&E).

## Use

Mobile assault platoons have been employed in combat operations during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan.
Mobile assault platoons were used as mobile crew-served weapons platforms during both OIF and OEF.
# Summer penile syndrome

Summer penile syndrome (also known as 'Lions Mane Penis') is a seasonal pediatric medical condition characterized by redness, swelling (edema), and itching (pruritus) of the penile skin.

## Cause

Summer penile syndrome is usually caused by chigger bites on the penis, or, more rarely by exposure of the genital region to plants like poison ivy, sumac, and oak. The majority of cases occur in the summer months, with the clothing associated with warmer weather making penis-arachnid and penis-plant contact more likely.

## Treatment

First line treatments for Summer penile syndrome include oral antihistamines and cold compresses. In extreme cases where the sufferer is in severe pain or is unable to pass urine, systemic corticosteroids are considered.
# Mohabat Khel

Mohabat Khel is a neighbourhood located in the village of Adezai in Peshawar, Pakistan. It is a heavily populated area with almost all its people being followers of Islam and typically Pashtuns by race related to Mohabat Khel subtribe of Cis Indus Swatis in Allai. Mohabat Khel is known for its old fashioned streets and simple mud houses. Education, though previously considered awkward, un-Islamic and unimportant, is growing.
There is a small fresh water canal flowing through its heart, which is a natural habitat for numerous freshwater fish including the lung fish (called mur-mera in the local language). Mohabat Khel has mohalla Fateh Khel to its east, Khalizay to its north and Akakhel to its south.
* This article about Peshawar is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Suid

Suid or SUID may refer to:
* Suidae, animals such as pigs
* SUID, sudden and unexpected infant death
In computing:
* setuid, a privilege elevation mechanism
* Saved user ID, a type of user identifier for processes
# Moidzaza Mboini

Moindzaza Mboini is a village on the island of Grande Comore (Ngazidja) in the Comoros. According to the 1991 census, the village had a population of 1785.
# Mohar Chhera Assembly constituency

Mohar Chhera was an assembly constituency in the Indian state of Tripura.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Election | Member | Party | Party |
| 1972 | Ananta Hari Jamatia | | Indian National Congress |

## Election results
### 1972 Assembly election

1972 Tripura Legislative Assembly election: Mohar Chhera :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | Ananta Hari Jamatia | 5,351 | 51.36% | New |
| | CPI(M) | Joy Mohan Debbarma | 3,691 | 35.43% | New |
| | Independent | Bhrigumani Jamatia | 1,377 | 13.22% | New |
| Margin of victory | Margin of victory | Margin of victory | 1,660 | 15.93% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,419 | 72.83% | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 14,727 | | |
| | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) | INC win (new seat) |
# Sulfamoyl fluoride

In organic chemistry, sulfamoyl fluoride is an organic compound having the chemical formula F−SO$_2$−N(−R$^1$)−R$^2$. Its derivatives are called sulfamoyl fluorides.
Examples of sulfamoyl fluorides include:
| Derivative of F−SO$_2$−N(−R$^1$)−R$^2$' | R$^1$ | R$^2$ |
| sulfamyl fluoride | Hydrogen (H) | Hydrogen (H) |
| difluorosulfamyl fluoride | Fluorine (F) | Fluorine (F) |
| dimethylsulfamoyl fluoride | Methyl (CH$_3$) | Methyl (CH$_3$) |
| N-sulfinylsulfamoyl fluoride | Thionyl (S=O) | none |
| chloro(trifluoro-methyl)sulfamoyl fluoride | Chlorine (Cl) | Trifluoromethyl (CF$_3$) |
| bis(trifluoromethyl)-sulfamoyl fluoride | | |
| 1,2-hydrazinedisulfonyl fluoride (an inorganic dimer) | | |
Sulfamoyl fluorides are contrasted with the sulfonimidoyl fluorides with structure R$^1$-S(O)(F)=N-R$^2$.

## Production

Sulfamoyl fluorides can be made by treating secondary amines with sulfuryl fluoride (SO$_2$F$_2$) or sulfuryl chloride fluoride (SO$_2$ClF). Cyclic secondary amines work as well, provided they are not aromatic.
Sulfamoyl fluorides can also be made from sulfamoyl chlorides, by reacting with a substance that can supply the fluoride ion, such as NaF, KF, HF, or SbF$_3$.
Sulfonamides can undergo a Hofmann rearrangement when treated with a difluoro-λ$^3$-bromane to yield a singly substituted N-sulfamoyl fluoride.
# Mohit Chadda

Mohit is an Indian actor who appears in Hindi, Telugu and Tamil films. His first Telugu film Aithe won the National Film Award for the Best Telugu Feature Film. The next year, he starred in the thriller film Aithe Enti (2004). He was seen in the 2010 films Dulha Mil Gaya and Do Dooni Chaar although his role in the latter was shortened. He was also adjudged first runner-up on the Zee TV reality show India's Best Cinestars Ki Khoj in 2004. In 2021, he played a lead role in Flight (2021).

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Language | Notes |
| 2003 | Aithe | Ramu | Telugu | |
| 2003 | Ammayilu Abbayilu | Sanjay | Telugu | |
| 2004 | Aithe Enti | Sanjay | Telugu | |
| 2004 | Adhu | Arvind | Tamil | credited as Aravind |
| 2007 | 50 Lakh | Ramkrishna 'Ramu' Varma | Hindi | |
| 2010 | Dulha Mil Gaya | Jigar | Hindi | |
| 2010 | Do Dooni Chaar | Rahul | Hindi | |
| 2021 | Flight | Ranveer Malhotra | Hindi | |
# Moi (name)

Moi is a human name, which has been used as both a surname and a given name.

## Given name

* Moi Avei (born 1946), Papua New Guinean politician
* Moi Gómez (born 1994), Spanish footballer
* Moi Torrallardona (born 1966), Spanish off-road rally truck co-driver and navigator
* Moi Ver (1904–1995), photographer and painter

## Surname

* Daniel arap Moi (1924–2020), President of Kenya from 1978 to 2002
* Gideon Moi (born 1964), Kenyan politician and youngest son of Daniel arap Moi
* Joey Moi, Canadian music producer
* Toril Moi (born 1953), Duke University professor
# Sunset Country Club

Sunset Country Club is a country club in Sunset Hills, Missouri, in south St. Louis County, Missouri.
The par-72 18-hole golf course designed by Robert and James Foulis was built in 1917. A master plan created by Dr. Michael Hurdzan has guided recent course renovations.

## Tournaments hosted

| Year | Event | Winner | Total | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1941 | Trans-Mississippi Amateur | Frank Stranahan | | | 6 & 5 | John Barnum |
| 1946 | Western Open | Ben Hogan | 271 | −17 | 4 strokes | Lloyd Mangrum |
| 1956 | Carling Open | Dow Finsterwald | 274 | −14 | 3 strokes | Jack Burke Jr. Billy Casper Billy Maxwell |

## Scorecard

Sunset Country Club :
| Tee | Rating/Slope | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Out | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | In | Total |
| Gold | 72.4 / 132 | 547 | 376 | 287 | 169 | 442 | 403 | 513 | 520 | 360 | 3617 | 495 | 400 | 450 | 157 | 335 | 222 | 337 | 215 | 400 | 3011 | 6628 |
| Blue | 70.5 / 127 | 503 | 345 | 268 | 150 | 434 | 368 | 500 | 502 | 305 | 3375 | 483 | 385 | 413 | 129 | 320 | 193 | 325 | 195 | 390 | 2833 | 6208 |
| Red | 68.6 / 121 | 470 | 297 | 260 | 136 | 322 | 350 | 481 | 475 | 284 | 3075 | 475 | 359 | 396 | 118 | 307 | 173 | 314 | 185 | 381 | 2708 | 5783 |
| SI | Men's | 13 | 3 | 15 | 17 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 11 | | 16 | 4 | 2 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 6 | 8 | | |
| Par | | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 38 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 34 | 72 |
| SI | Ladies' | 9 | 7 | 15 | 17 | 5 | 13 | 1 | 3 | 11 | | 4 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 12 | 18 | 10 | 16 | 6 | | |
| Yellow | 74.6 / 129 | 448 | 288 | 252 | 130 | 308 | 331 | 440 | 451 | 270 | 2918 | 470 | 346 | 377 | 105 | 292 | 158 | 297 | 139 | 350 | 2534 | 5452 |
| White | 69.1 / 123 | 408 | 252 | 250 | 130 | 294 | 308 | 399 | 405 | 211 | 2657 | 410 | 295 | 320 | 90 | 280 | 121 | 261 | 139 | 295 | 2211 | 4868 |
Source:
# Monolysocardiolipin

Monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) is a phospholipid with three fatty acid chains located in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
MLCL is normally present as part of the metabolic cycle of mitochondrial lipids, such as cardiolipin. It is remodeled by the enzymes monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase, lysocardiolipin acyltransferase, and tafazzin, which transfer a fourth fatty acid chain onto the phospholipid.
# Monceau-Saint-Waast

Monceau-Saint-Waast (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Monceau-Saint-Waast | The arms of Monceau-Saint-Waast are blazoned : Gules, a unicorn sejant argent. (Monceau-Saint-Waast and Odomez use the same arms.) |
# Montaña Suiza

Montaña Suiza ("Swiss Mountain" in English) is a steel scenic railway roller coaster located at Monte Igueldo Amusement Park, on the coast at San Sebastián, Spain. It was designed and built by German engineer Erich Heidrich and opened at the site in 1928. It is the oldest steel roller coaster still operating in the world.
The ride was built with wooden running rails in a trough, like usual scenic railways. The trough is partially set into the landscape and is of concrete construction. The ride lacks the traditional supporting trestles of scenic railways. Instead, the track runs in depressions set into the ground and along the top of a coastal wall at one point. The running rails were changed to steel at an unknown later date.
The roller coaster operates with two trains, each of which are composed of two 2x5 person cars. The cars are wooden in construction and ride on steel bogies, like the scenic railways at Margate, UK, Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach, UK and Luna Park, Melbourne. A brakeman rides on board each train to control its speed.
# Monosolenium

Monosolenium tenerum, is a weedy species of liverwort found in east Asia. It is the only species in the genus Monosolenium and the family Monosoleniaceae. It is commonly confused with similar-looking plants in the aquarium trade like Pellia liverworts and Süsswassertang, a fern gametophyte.

## Ecology

Monosolenium tenerum is a terrestrial plant, growing on moist, shady soil, sometimes in association with Marchantia palmata. The species has an east Asiatic distribution. It has been found in east India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, & Uttarakhand), Nepal, China (northwestern Sichuan, Guangdong, & Macau), Taiwan, as well as the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, and Hawaii. All areas where the plant grows are subtropical or temperate regions with mesic habitats, where there is ample supply of moisture. Perhaps it is because the species grows in such mesic climates that the thallus (plant body) has become simplified, since the chambered internal anatomy of other Marchantiales seems adapted to a climate with periodic drying and an unreliable water supply.
The species is able to exploit high levels of nitrogen in surface soil to achieve local dominance. It is therefore most common in areas inhabited by man, where the nitrogen levels have been artificially elevated, such as by the application of fertilizers. Occurrences in the wild are rare, but plants are not uncommon in populated areas. Schuster notes:
   In Japan the incidence of this species has declined in the countryside in recent decades—after adoption of modern plumbing. When the old-fashioned privy was current, Monosolenium was a common "weed," as, e.g., around the privies in the periphery of the Mossy Temple at Kyoto...and in settled areas. The plant apparently hardly occurs "wild" and always seems associated with man—much like that other east Asiatic monotype, Ginkgo biloba. It is of interest that this plant, "lost" for decades, appeared on fertilized soil in a greenhouse in Munich, giving Goebel the opportunity to carefully investigate the taxon.
Monosolenium has been red-listed as a vulnerable species in Japan. It also is extremely rare in India, where it is confined to altitudes between about 550 to 1000 m in the sub-Himalayas, as a result of habitat destruction). However, Monosolenium is common in other countries where it occurs.

## Economic uses

A plant sold as Monosolenium tenerum and commonly called Pellia or Pelia has been made popular as a freshwater aquarium plant by Tropica is now being sold as Monosolenium tenerum. A similar looking plant, known in the hobby as "Süsswassertang" is often sold under the name Round Pellia or Round Pelia, but neither of these names is correct. Süsswassertang is now known to be the gametophyte of a species of fern, in the genus Lomariopsis.