OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Standardized approach (operational risk)

In the context of operational risk, the standardized approach or standardised approach is a set of operational risk measurement techniques proposed under Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions.
Basel II requires all banking institutions to set aside capital for operational risk. Standardized approach falls between basic indicator approach and advanced measurement approach in terms of degree of complexity.
Based on the original Basel Accord, under the Standardised Approach, banks’ activities are divided into eight business lines: corporate finance, trading & sales, retail banking, commercial banking, payment & settlement, agency services, asset management, and retail brokerage. Within each business line, gross income is a broad indicator that serves as a proxy for the scale of business operations and thus the likely scale of operational risk exposure within each of these business lines. The capital charge for each business line is calculated by multiplying gross income by a factor (denoted beta) assigned to that business line. Beta serves as a proxy for the industry-wide relationship between the operational risk loss experience for a given business line and the aggregate level of gross income for that business line.
| Business Line | Beta Factor |
| Corporate finance | 18% |
| Trading and sales | 18% |
| Retail banking | 12% |
| Commercial banking | 15% |
| Payment and settlement | 18% |
| Agency services | 15% |
| Asset Management | 12% |
| Retail Brokerage | 12% |
The total capital charge is calculated as the three-year average of the simple summation of the regulatory capital charges across each of the business lines in each year. In any given year, negative capital charges (resulting from negative gross income) in any business line may offset positive capital charges in other business lines without limit.
In order to qualify for use of the standardised approach, a bank must satisfy its regulator that, at a minimum:
* Its board of directors and senior management, as appropriate, are actively involved in the oversight of the operational risk management framework;
* It has an operational risk management system that is conceptually sound and is implemented with integrity; and
* It has sufficient resources in the use of the approach in the major business lines as well as the control and audit areas.
On March 4, 2016, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision finally updated its proposal for calculating operational risk capital, introducing the Standardized Measurement Approach (“SMA”). Building upon its 2014 version, the SMA would not only replace the existing standardized approaches, but also the Advanced Measurement Approach. Under the SMA, regulatory capital levels will be determined using a simple formulaic method which facilitates comparability across the industry.
# Standardized Natural Hazards Disclosure Statement

The Natural Hazards Disclosure Act, under Sec. 1103 of the California Civil Code, states that real estate seller and brokers are legally required to disclose if the property being sold lies within one or more state or locally mapped hazard areas. The law specifies that the six (6) required hazards be disclosed on a statutory form called the Natural Hazard Disclosure Statement (NHDS).
    Required Risks Include:
       1. A Special Flood Hazard Area
       2. Dam Inundation
       3. Very High Fire
       4. Wildland fire
       5. Earthquake Fault Zone
       6. A Seismic hazard
    The following supplemental hazards are commonly reported as well:
       a. Radon Gas exposure
       b. Airport influence area
       c. Megan’s Law disclosures
       d. Military ordnance
The state of California has a standardized reporting format for the seller and their agent to comply with the law, as it is their responsibility to disclose. The seller and their agent are allowed to seek out a 'third party' (disclosure company, licensed engineer, land surveyor, geologist, or expert in natural hazard discovery) to prepare this report for them. Seller, as transferor, Seller's Agent(s), and Buyer, as transferee are to sign one copy of the Natural Hazard Disclosure Report prior to the close of escrow.
It is illegal for agents to require the seller to use a particular natural hazard disclosure company or to give the impression that the seller may not choose. If the report from a disclosure company is selected and that company is related or affiliated with the agent or broker, disclosure of this relationship must be made to the seller. Once the disclosure is made the seller may continue with that report or choose a report from another disclosure company. California law protects the seller's right to freely choose, for the sake of quality, service and cost.
Real estate agents and broker are forbidden to receive monetary compensation (referral fees, 'kick-backs') or excessive gifts from vendors or affiliates, including but not limited to disclosure companies.
# Star Wars: Battlefront (disambiguation)

Star Wars: Battlefront is a video game series in the Star Wars franchise.
Star Wars: Battlefront may also refer to:
* Star Wars: Battlefront (2004 video game), the first game in the series
* Star Wars Battlefront (2015 video game), a reboot of the first Battlefront game
# Star Awards for YES 933 Best Speech

The Star Awards for YES 933 Best Speech was an award presented annually at the Star Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1994. It is presented by YES 933, a Mediacorp radio station since 1990.
The category was introduced in 2011, at the 17th Star Awards ceremony; Qi Yuwu received the award and it is given in honour of a Mediacorp artiste who has delivered an outstanding speech in the Star Awards. The winners are selected by a majority vote from a team of judges employed by Mediacorp.
Since its inception, the award was given to six artistes. Elvin Ng is the most recent winner in this category.
The award has been discontinued since 2017.

## Recipients

| Year | Artiste (award won) |
| 2011 | Qi Yuwu (Best Actor) |
| 2012 | Kym Ng (Top 10 Most Popular Female Artistes) |
| 2013 | Lin Meijiao (Best Supporting Actress) |
| 2014 | Chen Hanwei (All-Time Favourite Artiste) |
| 2015 | Vivian Lai (All-Time Favourite Artiste) |
| 2016 | Elvin Ng (Top 10 Most Popular Male Artistes) |
# Statue of Al Purdy

A statue of Al Purdy, sometimes called the Al Purdy Memorial, is installed in Toronto's Queen's Park, in Ontario, Canada. The sculpture was created by Edwin and Veronica Dam de Nogales, and unveiled in 2008.
# Statue of Adolf Dassler

The Statue of Adolf Dassler is a life-size sculpture, which was erected in May 2006 at the Adi Dassler stadium in Herzogenaurach. The sculpture portrays the founder of the sporting goods company Adidas, and was created by sculptor Josef Tabachnyk. The statue sits like a spectator on a stand within the stadium, which is located next to the main entrance of the Adidas headquarters in Herzogenaurach. After the sculpture opening in 2006, the sculpture of its founder has often been used as a symbol for the company and its roots in producing sports shoes in the 1920s.
The life-size, bronze statue was reproduced in various sizes and now also sits at the new flagship Adidas store in New York City, which is the biggest Adidas store worldwide. The opening of the sculpture in New York was on 1 December 2016. Since January 2019 another original of the statue is placed at the entrance to the Adidas-Store at 22 Avenue des Champs-Élysées in Paris.
# Statue of Agustín Yáñez

A statue of Agustín Yáñez is installed along the Rotonda de los Jaliscienses Ilustres, in Centro, Guadalajara, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. Yáñez's remains rest there.
# Starfleet Badge

A Starfleet Badge or Starfleet Pin may refer to one of the following Star Trek related subjects:
* Communicator (Star Trek), a fictional communication device used by Starfleet personnel.
* Starfleet ranks and insignia, one of several various pins or badges worn by Starfleet personnel.
# Starfleet Command

Starfleet Command may refer to:

## Video games

* Star Trek: Starfleet Command, a computer game based on the table-top wargame Star Fleet Battles
* Star Trek: Starfleet Command II: Empires at War, the sequel to Starfleet Command and second in the series of real-time space combat games
** Star Trek: Starfleet Command: Orion Pirates, a stand-alone expansion for the computer game Star Trek: Starfleet Command II: Empires at War
* Star Trek: Starfleet Command III, a Star Trek video game published in 2002

## Other

* Starfleet Command, the headquarters of, the fictional Star Trek exploration agency
# Stave (wood)

A stave is a narrow length of wood with a slightly bevelled edge to form the sides of barrels, tanks, tubs, vats and pipelines, originally handmade by coopers. They have been used in the construction of large holding tanks and penstocks at hydro power developments. They are also used in the construction of certain musical instruments with rounded bodies or backs.
# Stefano Braschi

Stefano Braschi (born 6 June 1957 in Barberino di Mugello, Florence) is a retired Italian football referee. He is fluent in Italian, English and French.
Braschi officiated in qualifying matches for the 1998 and 2002 World Cups, as well as a Euro 2000 preliminary match between Poland and Bulgaria. He also served as a referee for major international club contests, taking charge of the 2000 UEFA Champions League Final, the 1998 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Final, and two matches at the 2000 FIFA Club World Championship.
He is married to his wife, Paola. The pair have three adopted children.

## Honours

* Serie A Referee of the Year (2): 1999, 2001
* Italian Football Hall of Fame: 2014
# Supersonic (Younha album)

Supersonic is a studio album by Korean singer Younha, released on July 3, 2012. While technically her fifth Korean album, it is her fourth album as a whole.

## Track listing

* "Supersonic"
* "People"
* "Rock Like Stars"(featuring Tiger JK)
* "Run"(Lyrics written by Ra.D)
* "No Limit"
* "소나기"(Sonagi 'shower')
* "우린 달라졌을까"(Urin Dallajyeoseulkka 'Would we have changed' )(with John Park)
* "Set Me Free"
* "크림소스 파스타"(Keurimsoseu Paseuta 'Cream sauce pasta')
* "기다려줘"(Gidaryeojwo 'Wait for me')
* "Driver"(featuring Jay Park)
* "Hope"
# Plateros, Zacatecas

Plateros is a mining town in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico. It was founded as San Demetrio in 1566 and renamed by 1621. Located within the town is an important pilgrimage, the Sanctuary of Santo Niño de Atocha.

## History

The site of Plateros was inhabited as early as 1566 when some miners lost their way while trying to find the nearby mining town of Fresnillo. The miners found silver as they reconnoitered the area on Saint Dimitri's Day, and thus named the place San Demetrio. After 1621 the town was known as Plateros, the Spanish word for silver miners.
The first church built in Plateros included a crucifix called "El Señor de Plateros," which according to legend, conveyed spiritual healing powers. A second church founded in 1789 came with a gift from a local mining entrepreneur. He imported from Spain a statue of Nuestra Señora de Atocha, Maria de Atocha. Maria held a figurine of the baby Jesus, which was detachable and used alone as an attraction every Christmas Eve. Eventually the emphasis shifted from Maria de Atocha to the Niño de Atocha. In the nineteenth century interest in Santo Niño de Atocha spread through the mining region of Zacatecas. Later in the 1800s, the town imported a blue-clad version of the boy called "Niño Azul." This image was of boy around ten-years-old portrayed as performing two miracles. This new version of Santo Niño de Atocha appeared in popular reproductions of the image. By the early twentieth century, the Plateros Sanctuary's priests used this image to convert some Huichols to Christianity.

## Tourism

Religious tourism is now an essential industry in Plateros. The Sanctuary of Santo Niño de Atocha is the third most frequented religious site in Mexico. It draws 1.5 million visitors annually, behind the Basilica of Guadalupe in Mexico City and San Juan de los Lagos in the state of Jalisco. The mountain-dwelling Huichol people visit Plateros in order to sell their wares.
# Susanta Singh

Susanta Singh(born 17 March 1973) is an Indian politician from Bhatli constituency. He is a member of Biju Janata Dal and current MLA.
# Surbiryal, Nizamabad district

Surbiryal is a place in Nizamabad district, Telangana, India.

## Geography

Surbiryal's climate is tropical wet and dry with most rainfall from June to October. The maximum temperature can be as high as 47°C in the summer and in the winter the temperature is as low as 50°C. The annual rainfall in the village is about 1000 mm. Most of the rain comes from the south-west monsoon winds. The boundaries of village are Fathepoor village in the east, Pipri village in the south, Maggidi village in the west and Komanpalli, Jalalpur villages in the north. The seacoast is quite far.

## Population and education

As of 2011 India census, Surbiryal had a population of 2,923. Number of households 749. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. It has an average literacy rate of 61%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 52%.

## Economy

The economy sources of the village people is mainly from agriculture and Surbiryal is well known for financial business in Armoor zone. The major crops pasupu, mokkajonna, vari, soybean in khareef season and jonnalu, sajjalu, pappudanyalu, nuvvulu, vegetable rabi crops are cultivated in very large scale.
Census Parameter Census Data : Total Population 2923 Total No of Houses 749 Female Population 52% (1521) Total Literacy rate 53.9% (1576) Female Literacy rate 22.4% (655) Scheduled Tribes Population 11.4% (333) Scheduled Caste Population 27.5% (803) Working force population 59.5% Child (0-6) Population by 2011: 331 Girl Child(0-6) Population by 2011 52.9% (175) Total Area : 1625 acres
# Plays Tangerine Dream

Plays Tangerine Dream is the ninety-sixth release and second compilation by the German electronic music group Tangerine Dream. It features re-recordings and remixes by several present and past members of the band.

## Personnel

* Edgar Froese
* Thorsten Quaeschning
* Linda Spa
* Paul Haslinger
* Zlatko Perica
* Johannes Schmoelling
* Ralf Wadephul
# Pleurotomella ohlini

Pleurotomella ohlini is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 10 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Argentina, the Falklands and Tierra del Fuego.
# Supervisor Engine (Cisco)

The Cisco Supervisor Engine serves as the management card for modular Cisco switches that can also, in some cases, act as forwarding/routing element.
Over time, the Supervisor Engine has undergone multiple iterations and was different for different modular switches in Cisco Portfolio (Catalyst 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, 6000, 6500, 9400, 9600 and Nexus switches).
Supervisor Engine typically offers management of entire chassis in modular system, control over its power (PSU, Power Supply Units), cooling (fans) and physical management interfaces, as well as Line Cards (LCs) that host its own physical interfaces to serve user traffic.
Some models of Supervisor Engines can also process traffic, albeit at reduced scale and speed. Typically, traffic processing is distributed to line cards (LCs), which host their own NPUs (Network Processing Units) or ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) that are programmed by Supervisor to properly forward, filter and otherwise process user traffic. Supervisor Engines can also host switching matrix, that connects line cards together and allows for faster traffic transport between ports on different line cards, as well as can support traffic replication for multicast.
Cisco uses CEF (Cisco Express Forwarding) to create forwarding and routing tables, that in modular switches and routers is distributed using dCEF (distributed CEF). Line Cards that offer distributed forwarding & routing run their own copy of CEF tables thanks to dCEF.
Abridged list of features:
* 802.1q VLAN
* Spanning Tree Protocol
* Ether Channel
* Jumbo Frames
* (E)IGRP, OSPF, RIP (2), Static Routing
* BGP, IS-IS
* QOS
* Layer 3 and 4 Switching

## Specifications

| Supervisor Engine | Mpps | Switching Layer | Bandwidth | CPU Frequency | Max Ram | Max Flash | OS | Minimum IOS |
| 1 | 15 | 2 | 1.2–32 | 25 MHz Motorola 68k | 128MB | 16MB | CatOS | N/A |
| 2 | 30 | 2 | 18 | 150 MHz Mips R4700 | 128MB | 16MB | CatOS | N/A |
| 2+ | 48 | 4 | 64 | 266 MHz R4700 | 256MB | 32MB | CatOS/IOS | |
| 3 | 15 | 4 | ? | 150–300 MHz | 256MB | ? | IOS | 12.1(8a) |
| 4 | 48 | 4 | 64 | 333 MHz | 512MB | 128MB | IOS | 12.1(12c) |
| 5 | 136 | 4 | 102 | 400–800 MHz | 512MB | ? | IOS | 12.2(18) |
| 6 | 250 | 4 | 320 | 1.3 GHz | 1GB | ? | IOS | 12.2(40) |
| 720 | 400–450 | 5 | 720 | 600 MHz | 2GB | 64MB | CatOS/IOS | |
| 32 | | 5 | 32 | 300 MHz | | | IOS | |
| 2T | 720 | 5 | 2080 | | 4GB | 2GB | IOS | |
# Planina, Kostel

Planina (pronounced) is a settlement in the hills west of Fara in the Municipality of Kostel in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Playas Lake

Playas Lake is a dry lake or playa in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, United States. It lies at an elevation of 4,278 feet (1,304 m). It consists of a long dry lake running north northwest south southeast within the Playas Valley between the Animas Mountains on the west and the Little Hatchet Mountains on the east.

## History

From November 1846 to the early 1850s Cooke's Wagon Road crossed Playas Lake to Whitmire Spring from the northeast. Later from the early 1880s, Whitmire Spring was the site of the Whitmire Ranch.
# Svend Axelsson

Svend Axelsson (born 5 May 1937 in Hadsund) is a Danish modernist architect, who for many years was a partner in KHR Architects along with Knud Holscher.
Axelsson has won numerous projects and architectural competitions in Copenhagen and the Danish Pavilion for the World Exhibition Expo 92 in Seville in 1992, for which he won the Nykredit Architecture Prize. He also won a prize in 1989 for his design of Terminal B in Copenhagen Airport. He is a member of the Federation of Danish Architects.

## Major works

Architecture:with Knud Holscher
* Odense University, Denmark. Competition 1967, construction 1971 onwards
* Royal Theatre, Copenhagen, Denmark. 1. prize, competition 1979. Not built.
* Bahrain National Museum, Bahrain, 1982–1988
* Copenhagen Airport, Terminal B, Denmark, 1986
* Copenhagen Airport, Domestic Terminal, Denmark, 1988–1989
# Swan Lake Township

Swan Lake Township may refer to the following townships in the United States:
* Swan Lake Township, Emmet County, Iowa
* Swan Lake Township, Pocahontas County, Iowa
* Swan Lake Township, Stevens County, Minnesota
# Plumosite

Plumosite is a questionable mineral. Most of the time, it can refer to any feather ore, i.e. any ore that forms fine capillaries within the surrounding rock.
Older specimens could be either boulangerite, jamesonite or zinkenite (Pb$_2$Sb$_2$S$_5$, sulfosalt mineral).
# Svyatogor (disambiguation)

Svyatogor may refer to:
* Svyatogor - the name of a Russian mythical hero
* The following things were named after him:
** Svyatogor (aircraft) - the name of a Russian airplane in the 1910s
** Svyatogor - the name of the Soviet icebreaker Krasin until 1927
# Player Character Records

Player Character Records is a 1981 role-playing game supplement published by Canadex Games.

## Contents

Player Character Records consists of ten 11" x 17" character sheets intended for use with fantasy role-playing games.

## Reception

Lewis Pulsipher reviewed Player Character Records in The Space Gamer No. 44. Pulsipher commented that "These are poorly conceived and poorly executed; save your money."
# Player FM

Player FM or PlayerFM is a podcast discovery and cataloguing service which lists podcasts hosted across different podcast publishing sites. It was created by software designer Michael Mahemoff in 2011. The service was acquired by Maple Media, a mobile media company, in May 2020 for an undisclosed amount.
# Pleasant Prairie Township, Martin County, Minnesota

Pleasant Prairie Township is a township in Martin County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 273 at the 2000 census.
Pleasant Prairie Township was named for the typical landscapes within the township.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.0 square miles (93.2 km$^2$), of which 35.8 square miles (92.7 km$^2$) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.5 km$^2$) (0.56%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 273 people, 113 households, and 82 families residing in the township. The population density was 7.6 inhabitants per square mile (2.9/km$^2$). There were 121 housing units at an average density of 3.4 per square mile (1.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.90% White, 0.37% Native American, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.37% of the population.
There were 113 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.4% were married couples living together, 2.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the township the population was spread out, with 23.4% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 22.0% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.9 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $34,375, and the median income for a family was $42,000. Males had a median income of $21,818 versus $24,000 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,325. About 5.6% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under the age of eighteen and 21.7% of those 65 or over.
# Plusiinae

Plusiinae is a smallish (for noctuid standards) subfamily of the moth family Noctuidae. As the Noctuidae appear to be a paraphyletic assemblage, the Plusiinae may eventually be raised to family status (Weller et al. 1994).
Comparison of Eurasian species
* Autographa aemula
* Autographa bractea
* Autographa excelsa
* Autographa gamma
* Autographa mandarina
* Autographa macrogamma
* Autographa nigrisigna
* Autographa buraetica
* Autographa pulchrina
* Autographa jota
* Ctenoplusia limbirena
* Euchalcia taurica
* Euchalcia consona
* Euchalcia siderifera
* Euchalcia variabilis
* Euchalcia modestoides
* Syngrapha hochenwarthi
* Syngrapha microgamma
* Syngrapha devergens
* Syngrapha ain
* Syngrapha diasema
* Syngrapha parilis
* Syngrapha interrogationis
* Antoculeora ornatissima
* Plusia festucae
* Polychrysia moneta
* Polychrysia esmeralda
* Plusidia cheiranthi
* Macdunnoughia confusa
* Macdunnoughia purissima
* Cornutiplusia circumflexa
* Chrysodeixis chalcites
* Panchrysia ornata
* Panchrysia v-argenteum
* Panchrysia aurea
* Panchrysia dives
* Lamprotes c-aureum
* Lamprotes mikadina
* Diachrysia leonina
* Diachrysia chryson
* Diachrysia chrysitis
* Diachrysia stenochrysis
* Diachrysia zosimi
* Thysanoplusia orichalcea
* Thysanoplusia daubei
* Trichoplusia ni
# Pivdenna Bay

Pivdenna Bay or Yuzhnaya Bay is one of the harbour bays in Sevastopol.
On March 22, 2014, during the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine, Russian forces captured the only Ukrainian submarine, known as the Zaporizhya, and took it to Pivdenna Bay, according to Vladislav Seleznyov, a spokesman for the Ukrainian military.