OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stefano Guazzo

Stefano Guazzo (Italian pronunciation:; 1530–1593) was an Italian writer from Casale Monferrato.

## Biography

Guazzo studied law and thereafter worked for Lodovico Gonzaga and other members of the family, for which he was active as a diplomat in France and the Papal States. In 1561, he and other colleagues founded the l'Accademia degli Illustrati in Casale Monferrato.
He died at Pavia, where he had moved to supervise the studies of his son.

## Works

Writings by Guazzo include:
* The civil conversation (Bozzola, Brescia, 1574), a treatise in four books, in which, in the form of a dialogue between two parties (Hannibal and Knight), he addresses issues such as education and family and social life (online)
* Dialoghi piacevoli (Bertano, Milan, 1586) (online)
* Letters (Domenico Tarino, Turin, 1591) (online)
* Choice of rhymes (Comino Ventura, Bergamo, 1592)
* The garland of Countess Maria Angela Beccaria (posthumous, Bartoli, Genoa, 1595), a collection of madrigals by other authors dedicated to a noblewoman (id = qvT0jlpgh2cC online)
American author Sunny Decker takes the title of An Empty Spoon, her account of teaching in poor Philadelphia schools during the 1960s, from a quotation appearing in The Civil Conversation: "I want to fil your mouth with an empty spoone: That is, to seeme to teach, not to teach."
# Statistical relational learning

Statistical relational learning (SRL) is a subdiscipline of artificial intelligence and machine learning that is concerned with domain models that exhibit both uncertainty (which can be dealt with using statistical methods) and complex, relational structure. Typically, the knowledge representation formalisms developed in SRL use (a subset of) first-order logic to describe relational properties of a domain in a general manner (universal quantification) and draw upon probabilistic graphical models (such as Bayesian networks or Markov networks) to model the uncertainty; some also build upon the methods of inductive logic programming. Significant contributions to the field have been made since the late 1990s.
As is evident from the characterization above, the field is not strictly limited to learning aspects; it is equally concerned with reasoning (specifically probabilistic inference) and knowledge representation. Therefore, alternative terms that reflect the main foci of the field include statistical relational learning and reasoning (emphasizing the importance of reasoning) and first-order probabilistic languages (emphasizing the key properties of the languages with which models are represented). Another term that is sometimes used in the literature is relational machine learning (RML).

## Canonical tasks

A number of canonical tasks are associated with statistical relational learning, the most common ones being.
* collective classification, i.e. the (simultaneous) prediction of the class of several objects given objects' attributes and their relations
* link prediction, i.e. predicting whether or not two or more objects are related
* link-based clustering, i.e. the grouping of similar objects, where similarity is determined according to the links of an object, and the related task of collaborative filtering, i.e. the filtering for information that is relevant to an entity (where a piece of information is considered relevant to an entity if it is known to be relevant to a similar entity)
* social network modelling
* object identification/entity resolution/record linkage, i.e. the identification of equivalent entries in two or more separate databases/datasets

## Representation formalisms

One of the fundamental design goals of the representation formalisms developed in SRL is to abstract away from concrete entities and to represent instead general principles that are intended to be universally applicable. Since there are countless ways in which such principles can be represented, many representation formalisms have been proposed in recent years. In the following, some of the more common ones are listed in alphabetical order:
* Bayesian logic program
* BLOG model
* Markov logic networks
* Multi-entity Bayesian network
* Probabilistic logic programs
* Probabilistic relational model – a Probabilistic Relational Model (PRM) is the counterpart of a Bayesian network in statistical relational learning.
* Probabilistic soft logic
* Recursive random field
* Relational Bayesian network
* Relational dependency network
* Relational Markov network
* Relational Kalman filtering
# Statistical regions of Slovenia

The statistical regions of Slovenia are 12 administrative entities created in 2000 for legal and statistical purposes.

## Division

By a decree in 2000, Slovenia has been divided into 12 statistical regions (NUTS-3 level), which are grouped in two cohesion regions (NUTS-2 level).
The statistical regions have been grouped into two cohesion regions are:
* Eastern Slovenia (Vzhodna Slovenija – SI01), which groups the Mura, Drava, Carinthia, Savinja, Central Sava, Lower Sava, Southeast Slovenia, and Littoral–Inner Carniola regions.
* Western Slovenia (Zahodna Slovenija – SI02), which groups the Central Slovenia, Upper Carniola, Gorizia, and Coastal–Karst regions.
Statistical regions :
| English name | Slovenian name | Code | Largest city | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2019) |
| Mura | pomurska | SI011 | Murska Sobota | 1,337 | 114,287 |
| Drava | podravska | SI012 | Maribor | 2,170 | 324,104 |
| Carinthia | koroška | SI013 | Slovenj Gradec | 1,041 | 70,588 |
| Savinja | savinjska | SI014 | Celje | 2,384 | 261,851 |
| Central Sava | zasavska | SI015 | Trbovlje | 264 | 41,606 |
| Lower Sava | posavska | SI016 | Krško | 885 | 70,067 |
| Southeast Slovenia | jugovzhodna Slovenija | SI017 | Novo Mesto | 2,675 | 144,032 |
| Littoral–Inner Carniola | primorsko-notranjska | SI018 | Postojna | 1,456 | 52,544 |
| Central Slovenia | osrednjeslovenska | SI021 | Ljubljana | 2,555 | 564,527 |
| Upper Carniola | gorenjska | SI022 | Kranj | 2,137 | 204,670 |
| Gorizia | goriška | SI023 | Nova Gorica | 2,325 | 117,616 |
| Coastal–Karst | obalno-kraška | SI024 | Koper | 1,044 | 115,016 |

## Sources

* Slovenian regions in figures 2014
# Stenophryneta

Stenophryneta is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1907. Its only species, Stenophryneta variegata, was described by the same author in the same year.
# Stenalia leslacea

Stenalia leslacea is a beetle in the genus Stenalia of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1924 by Chobaut.
# Statal Institute of Higher Education Isaac Newton

The Statal Institute of Higher Education Isaac Newton (Italian: Istituto Statale di Istruzione Superiore Isaac Newton) is an Italian secondary school in the city of Varese. It is a technical-professional school. It assumed the current name in 2007, with the union of the Technical Industrial School of Varese (ITIS) and the Professional Institute of State for Industry and Handicrafts of Varese (IPSIA). It is located in Casbeno, in Via Gianluigi Zucchi.

## History

The IPSIA of Varese was born between 1960 and 1961 with the courses for the mechanical, electrical and ceramic in Laveno Mombello. Closed the headquarters of Laveno, the headquarters moved to the company Mazzucchelli in Castiglione Olona. In 2007, ITIS and IPSIA become a single multi-purpose center.

## Courses

Mechanical, mechatronics and energy; Chemistry, materials and biotechnology; Fashion System; Electronics and Electrical Engineering; Mechanical operator; Industrial production and craft; Maintenance and technical assistance; Services for agriculture and rural development; Evening course in Information and Communication Technology; Evening course in Mechanics and Mechatronics; Evening Course Maintenance and Technical Support
# Stenvers projection

Within the medical field of otology, the Stenvers projection is a radiological technique that provides an oblique view of the skull and establishes a better perspective on the petrous bone, bony labyrinth, and internal auditory canal. It focuses on the posteroanterior and lateral planes.
The Stenvers projection was named after the physician Hendrik Willem Stenvers (1889–1973) of Utrecht, who developed it in 1917. It was described in 1938 by Schütz along with the lateral projection, and later recommended by Muntean and Fink in 1941.
For the Stenvers projection, a patient is placed facing the film, with the head flexed slightly and rotated 45 degrees away from the side being examined. The X-ray beam will be angled 10 to 15 degrees caudal.
# Stephen Clapp

Stephen Clapp (November 27, 1939 – January 26, 2014) was a violinist and Dean Emeritus of the Juilliard School.

## Education

Clapp earned the B.M degree from the Oberlin Conservatory and the M.S. degree from the Juilliard School. He was a student of Dorothy DeLay, Ivan Galamian, and Andor Toth. He studied chamber music with Claus Adam, Robert Mann, Felix Galimir, Raphael Hillyer, Louis Persinger, and Walter Trampler.

## Performance

As a member of the Beaux-Arts String Quartet, Clapp won the first Naumburg Chamber Music Award. He won the Josef Gingold Prize of the Cleveland Society for Strings while a student at the Oberlin Conservatory. Clapp was concertmaster of the Aspen Chamber Symphony, Nashville Symphony, and the Austin Symphony Orchestra.
Clapp performed in numerous summer festivals in Europe and North America. He was a founding faculty member of Credo Chamber Music, at Oberlin Conservatory. He was first violinist in the Blair String Quartet from 1967-72.
In 1982, Clapp was the founding violinist of the Oberlin Trio, along with cellist Andor Toth Jr. and pianist Joseph Schwartz.
On April 28, 1985, Tim Page (music critic) of the New York Times had this to say about Clapps's playing in a New York debut recital: "Mr. Clapp, who was ably accompanied by the pianist Frances Walker, plays sweetly and songfully, with innate taste; he produces a dark, affecting tone from his instrument, which sounded almost like a viola at times. . . . a vigorous interpretation, which it received Sunday."

## Teaching

Clapp taught violin at a number of schools.
* Aspen Music Festival and School, 1971–94
* Peabody College, Nashville, TN), 1967–72
* University of Texas at Austin, TX, 1972–79
* Oberlin Conservatory, 1978–90
* The Juilliard School, 1987–2014
* Credo Music 1999-2013

## Selected discography

* Leon Kirchner Piano Trio, performed by the Oberlin Trio
* 20th-century American Piano Trios
* French Trios - Maurice Ravel, Jean Baptiste Loeillet of Ghent, Claude Debussy
# Stephania capitata

Stephania capitata also known as sumbat kendi or vase plug in Indonesian is a medicinal plant that was commonly used as a substitute of Cyclea barbata to produce green grass jelly.
# Stephanie Nilles

Stephanie Nilles is an American pianist, composer/arranger, and singer/songwriter.
She studied classical piano and cello and graduated with a BM in piano performance from the Cleveland Institute of Music. She has toured internationally performing original music since 2008, appearing at Stimmen Festival, Festwochen Gmunden, Bardentreffen, Die Wellenklaenge Lunz am See, Calgary Folk Festival, Falcon Ridge Folk Festival, Ingolstadt Jazz Festival, and Ballydehob Jazz Festival. She was a finalist at the International Young Artists Competition and gold medalist at the Fischoff Competition. She appeared at Carnegie Hall with Bobby McFerrin as a participant of the Weill Music Institute. She is a fellow of the Wurlitzer Foundation and was an artist-in-residence in 2020.
Her recording of the music of Charles Mingus, "I pledge allegiance to the flag - the white flag..." received the NYC Jazz Record's Awards for 2021 Best of: Albums of the Year, Tributes of the Year, and Solo Recordings of the Year. She composed, recorded, and performed the score to NDR's "Jenseits von Eden" (a radio drama production of John Steinbeck's East of Eden), which was awarded the 2022 German Audiobook Prize for Best Radio Play.
She lives in New Orleans.
# Stephen Baron (friar)

Stephen Baron (died 1520?) was an English Franciscan friar of the Strict Observance.

## Life

Baron was educated in the University of Cambridge, where he acquired fame as a preacher. He became confessor to King Henry VIII, and provincial of his order in England. He died soon after 1520.

## Works

His works are :
* ‘Sermones Declamati corā alma vniuersitate Cātibrigiēsi per venerandum patrem fratrem Stephanum baronē fratrum minorū de obseruātia nūcupatorū regni Anglie prouincialē vicariū ac confessorē regiū Impressi lōdonijs per wynandū de worde (ī the fletestrete) ad signum solis moram trahētem,’ n. d. It is printed in double columns, black letter.
* ‘Incipit tractatulus eiusdem venerādi patris De regimine principū ad serenissimum regē anglie henricū octauum. Impressus lōdonijs,’ &c. as in the preceding work, to which it was presumably intended to be an appendix. It is dedicated to King Henry VIII.
# Stephen Barnett

Stephen Roger Barnett (December 25, 1935 – October 13, 2009) was an American law professor and legal scholar who campaigned against the Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970 and the effects its antitrust exemptions had on newspaper consolidation. He also criticized the California Supreme Court for practices that hid information from the public.

## Biography

Barnett was born on December 25, 1935, in the Brooklyn borough of New York City. He grew up in West Hartford, Connecticut, and attended Loomis Chaffee School. He attended Harvard University on a scholarship, earning his undergraduate degree in 1957. He served as president of The Harvard Crimson. At Harvard Law School Barnett served as note editor of the Harvard Law Review; he was awarded his law degree in 1962. Following his graduation, he clerked for United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit Judge Henry J. Friendly and then for Justice William J. Brennan of the Supreme Court of the United States. After a few years at the law firm of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton, he was hired by Berkeley Law School, where he spent almost the entirety of his career until his retirement in 2003. The exception was a stint as an assistant solicitor general in the United States Department of Justice, where Barnett argued cases before the Supreme Court from 1977 until 1979.
A leading critic of the Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970, which was intended to allow multiple newspapers in the same city to survive by forming joint operating agreements to share revenues and cut costs, argued that the unintended consequence of the legislation was the consolidation and development of large nationwide newspaper chains. These agreements often resulted in the demise of the weaker paper once the agreement was ended.
In his article The Dog That Did Not Bark, Barnett was critical of a practice called "depublication", under which the California Supreme Court can at its choice, or if requested, order that a decision by the California Court of Appeals be excluded from publication, which means that it becomes impossible to cite the decision in later legal actions, making the court less open and accountable. His criticism of the Commission on Judicial Performance in California led to a 1999 decision requiring it to disclose how each member voted in actions it takes.
Barnett died at age 73 died on October 13, 2009, in Oakland, California, of cardiac arrest. He was survived by his wife, Karine, as well as by a son, Alexander Barnett, and a stepson, Levon Barnett.
# Stephen Schumann

Stephen Douglas Schumann (born 1942) is an American philatelist who was appointed to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 2015. Schumann specialises in collecting postal stationery and is an internationally accredited philatelic judge. He received the Luff Award in 2007 from the American Philatelic Society.
# Stephanie Thomas

Stephanie Thomas (born in Chicago, Illinois) is an American disability fashion stylist, public speaker, voice actor, and professor.
According to People magazine, while she was working at a radio station, WVKL-FM (95.7), in Norfolk, Virginia, Thomas wore pajamas for a year as part of the "PJ Deejay" campaign and discussed the limited clothing options for people with physical disabilities on-air every day. Thomas noted that she felt isolated by the stress of going out in public dressed in pajamas.
Thomas has worked in disability fashion styling for 30 years, developing and trademarking the Disability Fashion Styling System, which has been featured by Vogue, The Guardian, Refinery29, Highsnobiety, Paper and The New Yorker.

## Early life and education

Thomas is a congenital amputee who has no right thumb and is missing three toes. In a TEDx talk, she said she was not expected to be able to walk. Thomas graduated from high school in 1987 and studied for a Master of Arts in fashion journalism at Academy of Art University.

## Career

In an interview with The Guardian, Thomas said she noticed in 2006 that "we have more clothing in stores for dogs than we do for people with disabilities". Between 1992 and 2003, Thomas researched disability fashion and trademarked her Disability Fashion Styling System, which she established in 2004.
Thomas has worked as a voice actor and jingle singer since 1997. She has recorded voiceovers for Disney, Hilton, Macy's, Toyota, Martini and Rossi, McDonald's, and Netflix.
Thomas is also an adjunct professor at Woodbury University in Burbank, California, where she teaches fashion marketing.
In 2010, Thomas launched a blog about disability fashion that has become a business. Thomas also hosts a podcast on disability issues.
To mark the 75th anniversary of Disability Employment Awareness Month and Dwarfism Awareness Month in October 2020, Thomas produced and hosted a two-day online event called "The Power of Personal Style". Speakers included Jameela Jamil.

### Notable work

Thomas regularly works with 2019 Independent Spirit Awards–nominated actor and disability influencer Lauren "Lolo" Spencer, who has ALS. Spencer has modeled for Tommy Hilfiger adaptive, and was styled by Thomas for the Give Me Liberty film premiere at the Sundance and the film's screening at the Cannes Film Festival in 2019.

## Honors

In 2016, Thomas spoke on "Dressing with Disabilities" at Canada's third-largest TEDx event. In 2018, Thomas was recognized as a Distinguished Alumni Award Recipient by Academy of Art University. In 2019, the Business of Fashion website included Thomas on its "BoF 500" list of "People Shaping the Global Fashion Industry".
In 2020, Thomas received an Ed Roberts Award for her work as a disability fashion styling expert, and as founder and CEO of Cur8able, a business dedicated to fashion for people with disabilities.
# İmrahor, Ulukışla

İmrahor is a village in the Ulukışla District of Niğde Province, Turkey. Its population is 208 (2022). It is located near the ruins of the site of ancient Faustinopolis, which lies closer to the nearby village of Başmakçı. Fruit farming is the main source of living and the village is famous with its cherries and apples, but decreasing water resources have recently caused problems, including emigration of the younger generation from the village.
The climate is dry and the vegetation typical of the dry steppes of central Anatolia, summers are hot and dry, winters are cold and it snows. Wheat is grown in the valley.

## History

There are burial mounds, höyük and other signs of occupation going back to the Hittites and even earlier. The area was later occupied by Phrygians and Romans.
# Twelve Thousand Head of Cattle

Twelve Thousand Head of Cattle (Romanian: Douăsprezece mii de capete de vite) is a 1952 novella by the Romanian writer Mircea Eliade. It was written in Paris in December 1952 and published in 1963 in Nuvele, printed by Cercul de Studii "Destin" of Madrid. It was translated by Eric Tappe in Fantastic Tales, London, Dillon’s, 1969.
The subject of this novella is a strange time travel of a cattle dealer on a street in Bucharest during the Second World War. After a civil defense siren announces the imminence of an air raid, Iancu Gore is hiding in an anti-aircraft shelter. Also in the shelter are three other people. Later Iancu Gore learns that they died more than a month ago. His disturbing experience is not believed by anyone.
# Venusia apicistrigaria

Venusia apicistrigaria is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Alexander Michailovitsch Djakonov in 1936. It is found in China.
# Thea Hollatz

Thea Hollatz is a Canadian production designer and animator, whose animated short film Hot Flash won the winner of the Canadian Screen Award for Best Animated Short at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.
As a production designer, she received a nomination for Best Art Direction/Production Design at the 12th Canadian Screen Awards in 2024 for her work on the film Fitting In.
# Throckmorton's reflex

Throckmorton's reflex is a clinical sign in which pressure over the dorsal side of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe elicits a plantar reflex. It is found in patients with pyramidal tract lesions, and is one of a number of Babinski-like responses.
The sign is named after Tom Bentley Throckmorton.
# Plumatella

Plumatella is a genus of bryozoans from family Plumatellidae.

## Species

Species:
* Plumatella agilis
* Plumatella bigemmis
* Plumatella bushnelli
* Plumatella casmiana
* Plumatella crassipes
* Plumatella emarginata
* Plumatella fruticosa
* Plumatella fungosa
* Plumatella ganapati
* Plumatella geimermassardi
* Plumatella incrustata
* Plumatella javanica
* Plumatella longa
* Plumatella longigemmis
* Plumatella marcusi
* Plumatella marlieri
* Plumatella mukaii
* Plumatella nitens
* Plumatella nodulosa
* Plumatella patagonica
* Plumatella princeps
* Plumatella pseudostolonata
* Plumatella recluse
* Plumatella repens
* Plumatella reticulata
* Plumatella rieki
* Plumatella ruandensis
* Plumatella serrulata
* Plumatella similirepens
* Plumatella siolii
* Plumatella stricta
* Plumatella suwana
* Plumatella tanganyikae
* Plumatella vaihiriae
* Plumatella velata
* Plumatella vorstmani
# Old Panther Field

The Old Panther Field, located in Duncanville, Texas, United States, is the former home of the Duncanville High School Panthers. The field is located at 400 east Freeman street, in Duncanville Texas. It is now the football field for nearby Reed Middle School, which uses the field for community events as well as sports activities. The seating capacity of the field is about 2-3 thousand.
# Venusia biangulata

Venusia biangulata is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Sterneck in 1938. It is found in China.
# Stenoptilia aktashiensis

Stenoptilia aktashiensis is a moth of the family Pterophoridae found in Central Asia.
# İmircik, Vezirköprü

İmircik is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Vezirköprü, Samsun Province, Turkey. Its population is 168 (2022).