# Thermal expansivities of the elements
## Thermal expansion

| | μm · m$^{−1}$ · K$^{−1}$ |
| 3 Li lithium ||
| use | 46 |
| CRC | 46 |
| LNG | 46 |
| WEL | 46 |
| 4 Be beryllium ||
| use | 11.3 |
| CRC | 11.3 |
| LNG | 11.3 |
| WEL | 11.3 |
| 5 B boron ||
| use | 5–7 |
| LNG | 5–7 |
| WEL | 6 |
| 6 C carbon ||
| use | |
| WEL | 7.1 |
| 11 Na sodium ||
| use | 71 |
| CRC | 71 |
| LNG | 71 |
| WEL | 71 |
| 12 Mg magnesium ||
| use | 24.8 |
| CRC | 24.8 |
| LNG | 24.8 |
| WEL | 8.2 |
| 13 Al aluminium ||
| use | 23.1 |
| CRC | 23.1 |
| LNG | 23.1 |
| WEL | 23.1 |
| 14 Si silicon ||
| use | 2.6 |
| WEL | 2.6 |
| 19 K potassium ||
| use | 83.3 |
| CRC | 83.3 |
| 20 Ca calcium ||
| use | 22.3 |
| CRC | 22.3 |
| LNG | 22.3 |
| WEL | 22.3 |
| 21 Sc scandium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.2 |
| CRC | 10.2 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 7.6 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 15.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.2 |
| LNG | 10.2 |
| WEL | 10.2 |
| 22 Ti titanium ||
| use | 8.6 |
| CRC | 8.6 |
| LNG | 8.6 |
| WEL | 8.6 |
| 23 V vanadium ||
| use | 8.4 |
| CRC | 8.4 |
| LNG | 8.4 |
| WEL | 8.4 |
| 24 Cr chromium ||
| use | 4.9 |
| CRC | 4.9 |
| LNG | 4.9 |
| WEL | 4.9 |
| 25 Mn manganese ||
| use | 21.7 |
| CRC | 21.7 |
| LNG | 21.7 |
| WEL | 21.7 |
| 26 Fe iron ||
| use | 11.8 |
| CRC | 11.8 |
| LNG | 11.8 |
| WEL | 11.8 |
| 27 Co cobalt ||
| use | 13.0 |
| CRC | 13.0 |
| LNG | 13.0 |
| WEL | 13.0 |
| 28 Ni nickel ||
| use | 13.4 |
| CRC | 13.4 |
| LNG | 13.4 |
| WEL | 13.4 |
| 29 Cu copper ||
| use | 16.5 |
| CRC | 16.5 |
| LNG | 16.5 |
| WEL | 16.5 |
| 30 Zn zinc ||
| use | 30.2 |
| CRC | 30.2 |
| LNG | 30.2 |
| WEL | 30.2 |
| 31 Ga gallium ||
| use | |
| CRC | 18 |
| LNG | (>30 C) ( liquid) 120 |
| WEL | (>30 C) (liquid) 120 |
| 32 Ge germanium ||
| use | 6.0 |
| LNG | 6.0 |
| WEL | 6 |
| 34 Se selenium ||
| use | (amorphous) 37 |
| LNG | (amorphous) 37 |
| 38 Sr strontium ||
| use | 22.5 |
| CRC | 22.5 |
| LNG | 22.5 |
| WEL | 22.5 |
| 39 Y yttrium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.6 |
| CRC | 10.6 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 6.0 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 19.7 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.6 |
| LNG | 10.6 |
| WEL | 10.6 |
| 40 Zr zirconium ||
| use | 5.7 |
| CRC | 5.7 |
| LNG | 5.7 |
| WEL | 5.7 |
| 41 Nb niobium ||
| use | 7.3 |
| CRC | 7.3 |
| LNG | 7.3 |
| WEL | 7.3 |
| 42 Mo molybdenum ||
| use | 4.8 |
| CRC | 4.8 |
| LNG | 4.8 |
| WEL | 4.8 |
| 44 Ru ruthenium ||
| use | 6.4 |
| CRC | 6.4 |
| LNG | 6.4 |
| WEL | 6.4 |
| 45 Rh rhodium ||
| use | 8.2 |
| CRC | 8.2 |
| LNG | 8.2 |
| WEL | 8.2 |
| 46 Pd palladium ||
| use | 11.8 |
| CRC | 11.8 |
| LNG | 11.8 |
| WEL | 11.8 |
| 47 Ag silver ||
| use | 18.9 |
| CRC | 18.9 |
| LNG | 18.9 |
| WEL | 18.9 |
| 48 Cd cadmium ||
| use | 30.8 |
| CRC | 30.8 |
| LNG | 30.8 |
| WEL | 30.8 |
| 49 In indium ||
| use | 32.1 |
| CRC | 32.1 |
| LNG | 32.1 |
| WEL | 32.1 |
| 50 Sn tin ||
| use | 22.0 |
| CRC | 22.0 |
| LNG | 22.0 |
| WEL | 22 |
| 51 Sb antimony ||
| use | 11.0 |
| CRC | 11.0 |
| LNG | 11.0 |
| WEL | 11 |
| 55 Cs caesium ||
| use | 97 |
| CRC | 97 |
| 56 Ba barium ||
| use | 20.6 |
| CRC | 20.6 |
| LNG | 20.6 |
| WEL | 20.6 |
| 57 La lanthanum ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.1 |
| CRC | 12.1 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 4.5 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 27.2 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.1 |
| LNG | 12.1 |
| WEL | 12.1 |
| 58 Ce cerium ||
| use | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 6.3 |
| CRC | 6.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (gamma, amorphous) 6.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 6.3 |
| LNG | 6.3 |
| WEL | 6.3 |
| 59 Pr praseodymium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 6.7 |
| CRC | 6.7 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 4.5 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 11.2 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 6.7 |
| LNG | 6.7 |
| WEL | 6.7 |
| 60 Nd neodymium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.6 |
| CRC | 9.6 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 7.6 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 13.5 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.6 |
| LNG | 9.6 |
| WEL | 9.6 |
| 61 Pm promethium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) est. 11 |
| CRC | est. 11 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) est. 9 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) est. 16 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) est. 11 |
| LNG | est. 11 |
| WEL | 11 |
| 62 Sm samarium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.7 |
| CRC | 12.7 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 9.6 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 19.0 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 12.7 |
| LNG | 12.7 |
| WEL | 12.7 |
| 63 Eu europium ||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 35.0 |
| CRC | 35.0 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 35.0 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 35.0 |
| LNG | 35.0 |
| WEL | 35 |
| 64 Gd gadolinium ||
| use | (100 °C) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.4 |
| CRC | (100 °C) 9.4 |
| CR2 | (100 °C) (alpha, amorphous) 9.1 |
| CR2 | (100 °C) (alpha, crystalline) 10.0 |
| CR2 | (100 °C) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.4 |
| LNG | (100 °C) 9.4 |
| WEL | 9.4 |
| 65 Tb terbium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.3 |
| CRC | 10.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 9.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 12.4 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 10.3 |
| LNG | 10.3 |
| WEL | 10.3 |
| 66 Dy dysprosium ||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.9 |
| CRC | 9.9 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 7.1 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 15.6 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 9.9 |
| LNG | 9.9 |
| WEL | 9.9 |
| 67 Ho holmium ||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 11.2 |
| CRC | 11.2 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 7.0 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 19.5 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 11.2 |
| LNG | 11.2 |
| WEL | 11.2 |
| 68 Er erbium ||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 12.2 |
| CRC | 12.2 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 7.9 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 20.9 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 12.2 |
| LNG | 12.2 |
| WEL | 12.2 |
| 69 Tm thulium ||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 13.3 |
| CRC | 13.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 8.8 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 22.2 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 13.3 |
| LNG | 13.3 |
| WEL | 13.3 |
| 70 Yb ytterbium ||
| use | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 26.3 |
| CRC | 26.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (beta, amorphous) 26.3 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 26.3 |
| LNG | 26.3 |
| WEL | 26.3 |
| 71 Lu lutetium ||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 9.9 |
| CRC | 9.9 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 4.8 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 20.0 |
| CR2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 9.9 |
| LNG | 9.9 |
| WEL | 9.9 |
| 72 Hf hafnium ||
| use | 5.9 |
| CRC | 5.9 |
| LNG | 5.9 |
| WEL | 5.9 |
| 73 Ta tantalum ||
| use | 6.3 |
| CRC | 6.3 |
| LNG | 6.3 |
| WEL | 6.3 |
| 74 W tungsten ||
| use | 4.5 |
| CRC | 4.5 |
| LNG | 4.5 |
| WEL | 4.5 |
| 75 Re rhenium ||
| use | 6.2 |
| CRC | 6.2 |
| LNG | 6.2 |
| WEL | 6.2 |
| 76 Os osmium ||
| use | 5.1 |
| CRC | 5.1 |
| LNG | 5.1 |
| WEL | 5.1 |
| 77 Ir iridium ||
| use | 6.4 |
| CRC | 6.4 |
| LNG | 6.4 |
| WEL | 6.4 |
| 78 Pt platinum ||
| use | 8.8 |
| CRC | 8.8 |
| LNG | 8.8 |
| WEL | 8.8 |
| 79 Au gold ||
| use | 14.2 |
| CRC | 14.2 |
| LNG | 14.2 |
| WEL | 14.2 |
| 80 Hg mercury ||
| use | 60.4 |
| CRC | 60.4 |
| 81 Tl thallium ||
| use | 29.9 |
| CRC | 29.9 |
| LNG | 29.9 |
| WEL | 29.9 |
| 82 Pb lead ||
| use | 28.9 |
| CRC | 28.9 |
| LNG | 28.9 |
| WEL | 28.9 |
| 83 Bi bismuth ||
| use | 13.4 |
| CRC | 13.4 |
| LNG | 13.4 |
| WEL | 13.4 |
| 84 Po polonium ||
| use | 23.5 |
| CRC | 23.5 |
| 90 Th thorium ||
| use | 11.0 |
| CRC | 11.0 |
| LNG | 11.1 |
| WEL | 11.0 |
| 92 U uranium ||
| use | 13.9 |
| CRC | 13.9 |
| LNG | 13.9 |
| WEL | 13.9 |
| 94 Pu plutonium ||
| use | 46.7 |
| CRC | 46.7 |
| LNG | 46.7 |