OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Six Appeal

Six Appeal is a professional six-part a cappella group from Minneapolis, Minnesota. Six Appeal tours nationally in the United States, and performs around 150 shows a year.

## History

The group Six Appeal was founded in the fall of 2006 at Concordia College in Moorhead, Minnesota, by Michael Brookens and Jordan Roll. Originally a college hobby, performing at numerous campus events at Concordia. When the founders graduated in 2010, they moved their home base to Minneapolis, Minnesota, and began touring as a professional ensemble.
Six Appeal became a full-time touring act by the end of 2011. As a band they have traveled to 49 states and numerous international engagements including Russia and China. The band's current membership consists of the founders Michael Brookens and Jordan Roll, joined by Andrew Berkowitz, Reuben Hushagen, Virginia Cavaliere, and Mel Daneke.

## Discography

* Plan A (2013)
* Ugly Sweater Party (2014)
* Live, Pt. 1 (2019)
* Detoured (2022)

## Notable Awards and Performances

On March 29, 2012, Six Appeal won an online competition to perform live with Recording Artist Andy Grammer. The performance took place in the Skyway Theater in Minneapolis Minnesota on March 30, 2013.
On May 12, 2012, Six Appeal won the Harmony Sweepstakes A Cappella Festival, taking awards for Audience Favorite as well as Best Original Song. At the 2012 Pacific Northwest Harmony Sweepstakes regional event that Six Appeal won on their way to Nationals, they also won the awards for Audience Favorite, Best Original Song, and Best Original Arrangement.
On October 19, 2012, Six Appeal headlined the Contemporary A Cappella Society's Chicago ACappellaFest collegiate competition.
On January 2, 2013, Six Appeal performed the National Anthem for the 2013 Allstate Sugar Bowl at the New Orleans Mercedes-Benz Superdome. The performance was broadcast nationally live on ESPN.
On August 24, 2018, Six Appeal appeared on the release of PBS Soundstage’s “Kenny Loggins and Friends” live studio concert with Kenny Loggins, Jim Messina, Michael McDonald, David Foster, Thundercat, and others.
Six Appeal has appeared as a featured red carpet performer at the Vanity Fair Oscars Party the past three years: March 4th, 2018, Feb 24th 2019, and Feb 9th, 2020.
Six Appeal won the Grand Prix at the Moscow Spring A Cappella Festival in 2018 and 2019, and is the only group ever to win the championship twice.
Six Appeal headlined the SoJam A Cappella Festival Nov 2nd 2019.
Six Appeal headlined the Girona A Cappella Festival in Girona, Spain May 11th, 2019.
# Tongue Rock

Tongue Rock (67°33′S 62°0′E﻿ / ﻿67.550°S 62.000°E﻿ / -67.550; 62.000) is an insular rock just north of Low Tongue, off Mac. Robertson Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named Tangskjera (the tongue rock). The translated form of the name recommended by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) has been approved.
This article incorporates public domain material from "Tongue Rock". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
* This Mac. Robertson Land location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Pterynotus patagiatus

Pterynotus patagiatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

Shell size: 50 mm.

## Distribution

Queensland, Australia.
# Thompson Hollow

Thompson Hollow is a valley in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Thompson Hollow, also known as "Thompson Holler", was named after an early citizen.
# Sea bamboo

Sea bamboo is a common name for several organisms and may refer to:
* Ecklonia maxima, a species of kelp
* Isididae, a family of coral
# Resurrection Walk

Resurrection Walk is the 38th novel by American author Michael Connelly and his seventh to feature Los Angeles criminal defense attorney Mickey Haller. The book was published in the United States in 2023. The novel follows Mickey Haller as he starts to follow a new sort of calling in his career: working to bring justice to those who have been wrongfully convicted. It also features Haller's half-brother, Harry Bosch, who assists him in his capacity as a private investigator.

## Reception

Kirkus Reviews wrote that Connelly "never lets you forget, from his title onward, the life-or-death issues behind every move in the game" and called the novel the "most richly accomplished of the brothers' pairings to date—and given Connelly's high standards, that's saying a lot." Oline H. Cogdill of the Sun Sentinel wrote that the "superb" plot "maintains high suspense until the final page, a hallmark of this author's reputation", and that the novel "shows a renewal of the half-brothers' connection as Connelly brings a rich patina to the individual personalities of Haller and Bosch." Tom Nolan of The Wall Street Journal wrote that the novel is "enlivened by the presence of Haller's ex-wife" and that "Haller's legal savvy plays off Bosch's investigative skills, adding to the suspense and pleasures of this immensely satisfying book."
# Selva, Grigno

Selva is a hamlet of the municipality of Grigno in the province of Trentino. Located at 267 metres (876 ft) above sea level, the small settlement has 98 inhabitants and is 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) away from Grigno.

## Road to Rifugio la Barricata

From the small hamlet the road leads to the Marcesina plateau, the destination of many cycling and motorcyclist excursions. However, the road is often closed during the winter due to the heavy snowfall affecting the area.
# Past Lives (EP)

Past Lives is an EP by Babyland, released on March 29, 2004 by Mattress Recordings.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Dan Gatto and Michael Smith

## Personnel

Adapted from the Past Lives liner notes.
Babyland
* Dan Gatto – lead vocals, keyboards
* Michael Smith – percussion
Production and design
* Shawn Porter – recording

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United States | 2004 | Mattress | CD | MAT007 |
| Germany | 2004 | Dependent | CD | mind068 |
# Simultaneous voice and data

In telecommunications, a system that supports simultaneous voice and data (SVD) is one that can transceive both voice and primary data concurrently over one PSTN modem.

## Background

Before telecommunication networks began to support data related services, the bearer channel was dedicated solely to voice information. When support for data related services was originally released, the bearer channel was switched between being dedicated to voice information or dedicated to primary data information, depending on the subscriber's needs at any given time. Eventually, support for simultaneous voice and data transmission was added to modems and mobile devices, to enable subscribers to use voice and data services at the same time.

## Types

* Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data, or DSVD, defined by the ITU-T V.70 standard.
* Analog Simultaneous Voice and Data, or ASVD, defined by the ITU-T V.61 standard.
* Data over signalling, or DoS, wherein data is multiplexed onto the signalling channel and voice is dedicated to the bearer channel.
* Combined voice and data, wherein the data is multiplexed with voice onto the bearer channel.
# Toquaht First Nation

The Toquaht Nation is a modern treaty government located on the west coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. It is a member of the Maa-nulth Treaty Society and the Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council.

## Introduction

In terms of citizenship, the Toquaht Nation is one of the smallest First Nations within the Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council (NTC). The Nation has about 150 citizens in total. There are roughly 20 people currently living at the main village of Macoah, which is accessible off Highway 4 on Kennedy Lake. Most remaining citizens live in Ucluelet, Port Alberni, Nanaimo and Victoria.
Despite its small size the Toquaht Nation has, within the NTC and the Central Region First Nations, engaged in active political leadership, business initiatives, cultural events, and been a proponent of the Maa-nulth First Nations Final Agreement. On April 1, 2011, the Maa-nulth First Nations Final Agreement was implemented, the second treaty to be implemented under the BC treaty process.

## Governance

Historically, the Toquaht Nation, like many Nuu-chah-nulth Nations, maintained a hereditary system of governance. Under the Maa-nulth First Nations Final Agreement, however, Toquaht moved towards a "hybrid" hereditary/elected system, which maintains traditional governance approaches. This hybrid model has two hereditary leaders holding permanent seats on Council, with three other Councillors elected every four years. The government structure under the Toquaht Constitution consists of a Legislative branch, an Executive branch, and a People's Assembly. The Toquaht Nation reserves the right to establish a judicial branch as well.
In January 2009, in a traditional ceremony Grand Chief Bert Mack passed on Chieftainship to Anne Mack, who succeeds him after a reign of over 50 years.

## Administration

The Toquaht Nation has a small administrative structure which oversees social and economic development programs, treaty implementation, and governance coordination.

## Business and Economic Development

The Toquaht Nation and its citizens manage or own businesses including:
* Barkley Sound Shellfish L.P.
* Toquaht Bay Marina and Campground L.P.
* Toquaht Development L.P. (sawmill)
* Toquaht Enterprises L.P. (forestry)
* Toquaht Management L.P. (asset management)

## Toquaht Lands

The implementation of the Maa-nulth First Nations Final Agreement freed the Toquaht Nation from the Indian Act and re-established self-governance and control over Toquaht traditional territories. Under the Maa-nulth treaty, Toquaht regained control of 1,489 hectares of land with an option to purchase 721 more hectares over 15 years. This was a significant increase to the 199 hectares of Indian Reserve lands that were held in trust for the Toquaht Nation under the Indian Act.
# Ptesiomyia

Prometopiops is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Ptesiomyia alacris (Meigen, 1824)
* Ptesiomyia longicornis Kugler, 1980
* Ptesiomyia microstoma Brauer & von Bergenstamm, 1893
# Thornhagh

Thornhagh is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Francis Thornhagh (1617–1648), English soldier and MP
* John Thornhagh (1648–1723), English Whig politician
* Thomas Thornhagh (fl. 1393), English politician
# Sebatik Island

Sebatik Island (Indonesian/Malay: Pulau Sebatik) is an island off the eastern coast of Borneo, split between Indonesia and Malaysia. It is one of the 92 officially listed outlying islands of Indonesia.
Sebatik has an area of approximately 452.2 square kilometres (174.6 sq mi). The minimum distance between Sebatik Island and Borneo is about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi).
Sebatik Island lies between Cowie Bay (also known as Teluk Tawau) to the north and Sibuku Bay (Teluk Sibuku) to the south. The town of Tawau, Sabah, is just to the north. The island is bisected at roughly 4° 10' north by the Indonesia–Malaysia border – the northern part belongs to Sabah, Malaysia (Sebatik Malaysia) while the southern part belongs to North Kalimantan (previously East Kalimantan), Indonesia (Sebatik Indonesia).
Sebatik Malaysia has a population of approximately 25,000; there were 47,571 people in Sebatik Indonesia as of the 2020 Census.
The demarcated international border between Malaysia and Indonesia stops at the eastern edge of Sebatik Island, so that the ownership of Unarang Rock and the maritime area located to the east of Sebatik is unclear. This is one of the reasons why the Ambalat region waters and crude oil deposits east of Sebatik Island have been the centre of an active maritime dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia since March 2005. The ambiguity of the border at the eastern edge also caused a dispute over two nearby islands of Sipadan and Ligitan, both south of 4° 10' N but administered by Malaysia. The territorial dispute was resolved by the International Court of Justice in 2002 which awarded the islands to Malaysia.
While there are border guards on the island, there is no immigration office, no customs house, no barbed-wire fence and no walls demarcating the border. Instead, the only evidence of a border are the concrete piles buried every kilometre from east to west.
Sebatik Island was one of the places in which heavy fighting took place between Indonesian troops and Malaysian troops during the 1963 Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation.
The North Borneo Timbers company operated a logging concession on the island until the 1980s and its mostly expatriate employees lived in a self-contained community in Wallace Bay. Sebatik Malaysia is within the administrative division of Tawau. For electoral purposes, Sebatik falls within the parliamentary constituency of Kalabakan and the state assembly district of Sebatik.
Sitangkai Indonesia (at its closest points) is approximately 175 kilometres (109 mi) to Sitangkai, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines, the second-closest point between the two countries after the Miangas island in North Sulawesi.

## Attractions

In the village of Sungai Haji Kuning, there is a house known as the "Two Country House Tour" that is divided by the Malaysian-Indonesian border. Further along the border, within Pancang as well, a public swimming pool known as "North Sebatik Swimming Pool" bisects the international border.
# Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica

Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica: Journal of Theories and Research in Education is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal established in 2006. It is published by the Department of Education science of the University of Bologna. It covers education theories and pedagogy. The journal is published in Italian and English.
In 2012, the journal acquired class A status in the evaluation lists published by the "National Agency for the Evaluation of Universities and Research Institutes", and it is indexed in several databases (as SUMMONS) and academic search engines
It is maintained by AlmaDL, digital library of the University of Bologna.
# Selva, Santa Fiora

Selva is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Santa Fiora, province of Grosseto. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 100.
Selva is about 70 km from Grosseto and 7 km from Santa Fiora, and it is situated along the provincial road which links Santa Fiora to Castell'Azzara, at the slopes of Monte Calvo, one of the peaks of the massif of Monte Amiata. The village dates back to the Middle Ages and it is situated in the Bosco della Santissima Trinità Natural Reserve. According to legend, the convent of Selva keeps inside a "dragon skull": the monster (actually a crocodile) was killed by count Guido Sforza of Santa Fiora in the late 15th century and its skull preserved inside the church.

## Main sights

* Church of Santo Stefano (15th century), main parish church of the village, it was re-built in Romanesque Revival style in 1933.
* Convent of Santissima Trinità (15th century), it is annexed to the parish church and built by the Sforza family in 1488. It contains several Renaissance and Baroque paintings and frescoes: the most important one is the panel of Assunzione della Vergine con i santi Girolamo e Francesco by artist Girolamo di Benvenuto.
* Church of Madonna Addolorata (19th century), small church situated in the centre of Selva, it was built in 1828 and consecrated in 1833.
# Spam blog

A spam blog, also known as an auto blog or the neologism splog, is a blog which the author uses to promote affiliated websites, to increase the search engine rankings of associated sites or to simply sell links/ads.
The purpose of a splog can be to increase the PageRank or backlink portfolio of affiliate websites, to artificially inflate paid ad impressions from visitors (see made for AdSense or MFA-blogs), and/or use the blog as a link outlet to sell links or get new sites indexed. Spam blogs are usually a type of scraper site, where content is often either inauthentic text or merely stolen (see blog scraping) from other websites. These blogs usually contain a high number of links to sites associated with the splog creator which are often disreputable or otherwise useless websites.
This is used often in conjunction with other spamming techniques, including spings.

## History

The term splog was popularized around mid August 2005 when it was used publicly by Mark Cuban, It developed from multiple linkblogs that were trying to influence search indexes and others trying to Google bomb every word in the dictionary.
# Noor Khan Bizanjo

Ustad Noor Khan Bizanjo (Balochi: استاد نورخان بزنجو; December 4 1969 – August 5 2003), was a prominent Balochi musician. He was a one-of-a-kind singer who made his name by getting expertise in modern and classical modes of Balochi music. There are two books of poetry Baam Range Sadaf (Urdu) and Hayal a Chanddan.

## Early life

Bizanjo was born in the small coastal town of Pasni, in Makran, Balochistan in December 1969 or January 1970. He completed his matriculation from his native city of Pasni and later moved to the neighbouring city of Turbat, where he studied Fine Arts, resulting in a Bachelor of Arts degree. He then went to Quetta, the capital of Balochistan, where he completed postgraduate education specialising in Arts. After completing his education, he was appointed as a teacher in a government school in Pasni.Then his father send him to Karachi university.

## Musical career

His love for Balochi music brought him back to his city where he started to take courses from prominent Balochi musicians such as Ustad Abdul Sattar Baloch and Wali Mohammad Baloch. In a short time, he became a near-expert and released his first album Sheerkynein Yaat and later on released a few more. Later on, he started the dual style of Balochi music with Arif Baloch who is another famous Balochi singer. These albums became hits and both singers were admired for their work. Some of his famous albums are Alhaan, Aadeink and Zaheerani Razan.

## Death and legacy

Bizanjo died on 5 August 2003 at Turbat, Balochistan.
# Two-percent haircut

In the United States tax system, the two-percent haircut, otherwise known as the two-percent floor, is a limitation on miscellaneous itemized income tax deductions and is codified under Internal Revenue Code IRC § 67(a).
IRC § 67(a) states that a taxpayer can deduct "miscellaneous itemized deductions" only to the extent that the aggregate of such deductions exceed two percent of the taxpayer's adjusted gross income.

## Miscellaneous itemized deductions

Miscellaneous itemized deductions are everything except the twelve itemized deductions listed in IRC § 67(b). When considering whether something would qualify as a miscellaneous itemized deduction, and thus subject to the two-percent haircut, a taxpayer should refer to the twelve itemized deductions listed in IRC § 67(b). If the deduction at issue is listed, then it is not a miscellaneous itemized deduction and is not subject to the two-percent haircut. Itemized deductions listed in IRC § 67(b) are regular itemized deductions.
The policy reason for the two-percent haircut is quite evasive. We may be able to gauge Congress' intent with the two-percent haircut by looking at the possible reasons for including certain items. The most significant expense that is categorized as a miscellaneous itemized deduction is the unreimbursed business expenses of an employee. It is a possibility that Congress imposed the two-percent haircut on these expenses in order to weed out portions that may have been personal in nature, as major employee expenses are generally reimbursed by the employer anyway. However, this policy rationale doesn't make much sense when one considers Congress' unlimited allowance of many personal expense deductions (some above-the line). The two-percent haircut is a thing of mystery.

### Application

As the two-percent haircut is a floor threshold for deducting miscellaneous itemized deductions, a taxpayer's deductions must exceed two-percent of the taxpayers adjusted gross income.
For example, suppose a taxpayer in year one has an adjusted gross income of $100,000. Two percent of her adjusted gross income is $2,000. To be able to deduct miscellaneous itemized deductions in calculating taxable income, her miscellaneous itemized deductions must exceed $2,000. If she has miscellaneous itemized deductions of $5,000, she may deduct $3,000 ($5,000–$2,000=$3,000). If she has miscellaneous itemized deductions of only $1,000, she will not be able to deduct anything because her deductions do not exceed the $2,000 (2%) floor.

## Significance

The two-percent haircut is one example of why a taxpayer would prefer an above-the-line deduction to a below-the-line deduction. Itemized deductions are taken "below-the-line" (after adjusted gross income has been calculated). Above-the-line deductions are not subject to the two-percent haircut. Additionally, above-the-line deductions are advantageous because they may be taken regardless of whether or not a taxpayer chooses to itemize his or her below-the-line deductions.
# Oxalis obtusa

Oxalis obtusa is a species of flowering plant in the genus Oxalis. It is native to the Cape Provinces, and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.

## Conservation status

Oxalis obtusa is classified as Least Concern.
# United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Rural Development, Research, Biotechnology, and Foreign Agriculture

The House Subcommittee on Rural Development, Research, Biotechnology, and Foreign Agriculture is a subcommittee within the House Agriculture Committee. Its jurisdiction includes rural development, farm security and family farming matters, foreign agricultural assistance, and trade promotion programs.
The subcommittee was previously known as the Subcommittee on Specialty Crops and Foreign Agriculture, but rural development was added to the subcommittee's portfolio at the start of the 110th Congress. During the 112th Congress, it acquired jurisdiction over research and biotechnology from the former Subcommittee on Conservation, Credit, Energy, and Research.

## Members, 112th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Timothy V. Johnson, Illinois, Chairman Glenn Thompson, Pennsylvania Marlin Stutzman, Indiana Austin Scott, Georgia Randy Hultgren, Illinois Vicky Hartzler, Missouri Bobby Schilling, Illinois | Jim Costa, California, Ranking Member Henry Cuellar, Texas Peter Welch, Vermont Terri Sewell, Alabama Larry Kissell, North Carolina |
| Ex officio ||
| Frank Lucas, Oklahoma | Collin Peterson, Minnesota |
# Thomas Waryng Walsh

Thomas Waryng Walsh (c. 1826 – 1890) was an American architect based in St. Louis, Missouri.
An architect named Thomas Walsh hosted, in his offices, a meeting of 13 men in 1858 which organized the St. Louis Architectural Association.
He was born in Kilkenny, Ireland in 1826 (or 1827) and came to St. Louis in 1852. He was reported in 1890 to have died recently, aged 65.
He designed the St. Vincent De Paul Catholic Church, at 131 South Main St. Cape Girardeau, Missouri, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. He also designed the gothic-style St. Peter & Paul Catholic Church in Alton, Illinois, which was constructed in 1855 at a cost $35,000 from local limestone.
He worked together with architect Joseph C. Edgar during 1850 to 1853 to complete the Campbell House Museum, the Disciples of Christ Christian Church on Fifth Street (demolished), the Old St. Vincent's Catholic Church in Cape Girardeau, and the Kirkwood Hotel which was lost to fire in 1867.
# Rices Spring

Rices Spring is a spring in Floyd County, in the U.S. state of Georgia.
Rices Spring was named for the Rice family, the original landowners.
# Selva, Ardabil

Selva is a village in the Ardabil Province of Iran.