OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nomen dubium

In binomial nomenclature, a nomen dubium (Latin for "doubtful name", plural nomina dubia) is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application.

## Zoology

In case of a nomen dubium, it may be impossible to determine whether a specimen belongs to that group or not. This may happen if the original type series (i. e. holotype, isotype, syntype or paratype) is lost or destroyed. The zoological and botanical codes allow for a new type specimen, or neotype, to be chosen in this case.
A name may also be considered a nomen dubium if its name-bearing type is fragmentary or lacking important diagnostic features (this is often the case for species known only as fossils). To preserve stability of names, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature allows a new type specimen, or neotype, to be chosen for a nomen dubium in this case.
   75.5. Replacement of unidentifiable name-bearing type by a neotype. When an author considers that the taxonomic identity of a nominal species-group taxon cannot be determined from its existing name-bearing type (i.e. its name is a nomen dubium), and stability or universality are threatened thereby, the author may request the Commission to set aside under its plenary power [Art. 81] the existing name-bearing type and designate a neotype.
For example, the crocodile-like archosaurian reptile Parasuchus hislopi Lydekker, 1885 was described based on a premaxillary rostrum (part of the snout), but this is no longer sufficient to distinguish Parasuchus from its close relatives. This made the name Parasuchus hislopi a nomen dubium. In 2001 a paleontologist proposed that a new type specimen, a complete skeleton, be designated. The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature considered the case and agreed in 2003 to replace the original type specimen with the proposed neotype.

## Bacteriology

In bacteriological nomenclature, nomina dubia may be placed on the list of rejected names by the Judicial Commission. The meaning of these names is uncertain. Other categories of names that may be treated in this way (rule 56a) are:
* ambiguous names, nomina ambigua, have been used with more than one meaning
* names causing confusion, nomina confusa, are based on a mixed culture
* perplexing names, nomina perplexa, confusingly similar names
* perilous names, nomina periculosa, names that may lead to accidents endangering life or health or with potential serious economic consequences

## Botany

In botanical nomenclature the phrase nomen dubium has no status, although it is informally used for names whose application has become confusing. In this regard, its synonym nomen ambiguum is of more frequent use. Such names may be proposed for rejection.
# The best 33 football players of Ukraine

The best 33 football players of Ukraine (33 найкращі футболісти України) is an annual list of the three best football players in each position for the past calendar year composed by the Ukrainian newspaper Komanda.

## Overview

It is an unofficial rating and is being conducted through the adaptation of a previous official annual Soviet award endorsed by the Football Federation of Soviet Union that was discontinued after the fall of the Soviet Union. The newspaper conducts the rating since 1998 for the Ukrainian national players participating in the Ukrainian Premier League.
A similar award recently was adopted by one of the leading Ukrainian football news websites "UA-Football" in 2006. In its section "the best out of the best" the website conducts various polls of its readers concerning the Ukrainian football for the past calendar year and usually publishing their results in its January editions. Among its well established ratings are the combined symbolic team, the best coach, the best legionnaire (foreign player), and many others.

## 33 best winners
### 2007 by Komanda

| Position | Place | Player (club) |
| GK | 1. 2. 3. | Vyacheslav Kernozenko (Dnipro) Oleksandr Shovkovskyi (Dynamo) Andriy Pyatov (Vorskla/Shakhtar) |
| RD | 1. 2. 3. | Volodymyr Yezerskiy (Dnipro/Shakhtar) Oleksiy Gai (Shakhtar) Hryhoriy Yarmash (Vorskla) |
| CD | 1. 2. 3. | Andriy Rusol (Dnipro) Dmytro Chyhrynskyi (Shakhtar) Bohdan Shershun (Dnipro) |
| CD | 1. 2. 3. | Oleksandr Hrytsai (Dnipro) Oleksandr Kucher (Shakhtar) Andriy Berezovchuk (Kharkiv) |
| LD | 1. 2. 3. | Andriy Nesmachniy (Dynamo) Oleksandr Romanchuk (Dnipro/Arsenal) Maksym Pashayev (Dnipro/Kryvbas) |
| RM | 1. 2. 3. | Oleh Husev (Dynamo) Serhiy Serebrennykov (Cercle) Ihor Khudobyak (Karpaty) |
| DM | 1. 2. 3. | Anatoliy Tymoschuk (Zenit) Oleh Shelaev (Dnipro) Taras Mykhalyk (Dynamo) |
| AM | 1. 2. 3. | Serhiy Nazarenko (Dnipro) Oleksandr Rykun (Metalist) Serhiy Kravchenko (Vorskla) |
| LM | 1. 2. 3. | Maksym Kalynychenko (Spartak) Serhiy Pylypchuk (Spartak Nch) Dmytro Lepa (Dnipro) |
| FW | 1. 2. 3. | Andriy Voronin (Bayer/Liverpool) Andriy Vorobei (Shakhtar/Dnipro) Volodymyr Homeniuk (Tavria) |
| FW | 1. 2. 3. | Andriy Shevchenko (Chelsea) Oleksandr Hladkiy (Kharkiv/Shakhtar) Ruslan Fomin (Shakhtar/Metalist) |
# Rex Records (1957)

Rex Records, sometimes identified by its record series Rex Heritage, was an independent record label based in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was founded by Joe and Wanda Chesky who marketed it as "the king of polkas" releasing a substantial catalog of polka bands primarily from the New England area, as well as the Great Lakes states. Their artists included Bob Uguccioni, Wesoly Bolek, Fred Gregorich & the Del Fi's, Big Ted Nowak, Big Steve & the Bellaires, Walt Cieslik, Happy, Louie, Walt Solek, Jimmy Sturr, Al Soyka, and their son, Larry Chesky, who became largely identified with the label. While primarily a producer of LPs, the label also produced some 45 singles, as well as cassettes and 8-tracks. In its earliest years, the label appeared as a subsidiary of Al Solka's "Glo Records" of Somers, Connecticut, and for two decades was based out of 3 Granville Street, expanding into a larger space at 34 Martin Street in 1972. Rex Records remained active in some capacity into the late 1980s, releasing a limited set of 100 cassettes recording the music rolls of the Holyoke Merry-Go-Round organ in 1988, during the fundraising effort which saved it—Chesky himself having been a fixture at Mountain Park for decades.

## Genres and artists

While the label was primarily dedicated to polka, especially big band polka, the label would also expand to include pressings Irish traditional music in the 1970s, producing more than a dozen such albums under the heading "Rex Heritage Disc", including several from the Emerald Isle as well as local Holyoke Irish artists. Notably the label produced the debut solo album of Irish accordionist James Keane and the American debut album of rebel music band The Barleycorn.

### Polka

* Wesoły Bolek
* Larry Chesky and His Orchestra
* Walt Cieslik And The Musical Ambassadors
* Al "Cocoa" Czelusniak
* Fred Gregorich And The "Del Fi's"
* Regina Kujawa
* Happy Louie and Julcia's Polka Band
* Johnny Menko
* Ed Podolak & His Polka Cats
* Johnny Prytko
* The Rhythm Orchestra
* Bob Siwicki And His New Englanders Orchestra
* Walter Solek
* Al Soyka
* Jimmy Sturr
* Bob Szymanski Orchestra

### Choirs

* The Lutnia Choir, Holy Mother of the Rosary Parish (Chicopee)
* Mater Dolorosa Choir
* St. Cecilia Choir, Our Lady of Czestochowa Parish
* The St. Joseph Choir of Webster, Massachusetts
* United Choirs Of New England

### Irish folk

* The Barleycorn
* Butch & Maeve
   * Butch Moore
   * Maeve Mulvany
* The Dustmen
* Dermott Flynn & David Stone
* Chris Henshaw
* The Irish Tradition
* James Keane
* Dickie McManus and the Irish Revolution
* Michael Owens
* Chris Tabb And His Emerald Isle Orchestra
# San Pedro y San Pablo Tequixtepec

San Pedro y San Pablo Tequixtepec is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of km². Having the longest place name in Mexico (28 letters), it is part of the Huajuapan District in the north of the Mixteca Region.
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 1,878.
# The Hollow Men (disambiguation)

The Hollow Men is a poem by T. S. Eliot.
The Hollow Men may also refer to:
* The Hollow Men (band), a British rock band
* The Hollow Men (book), book by Nicky Hager about New Zealand politics
* The Hollow Men (film), a documentary film directed by Alister Barry, based on the book by Nicky Hager about New Zealand politics
* The Hollow Men (comedy troupe), a British comedy troupe
* The Hollow Men (Doctor Who), a Doctor Who novel named after the poem
* "The Hollow Men" (Dollhouse), a 2010 episode of the Dollhouse TV series
* The Hollowmen, an Australian comedy series on ABC1
# Reckless (Gross novel)

Reckless is the fourth solo-authored book by Andrew Gross. Reckless debuted on the NY Times Bestsellers list the week of May 23, 2010. Reckless is the third in his series with investigator Ty Hauck, hero of The Dark Tide and Don’t Look Twice. Hauck follows the threads of a brutal murder of a Connecticut family into a conspiracy that directly reflects the state of the world financial markets and the axiom of “too big to fail.”

## Setting

Reckless is set in circa 2009 Greenwich, Connecticut in the post Madoff era. The story portrays the financial industry in the aftermath of Great Recession and the subprime mortgage crisis.

## Story

Ty Hauck learns of the murder of a close personal friend April Glassman along with her husband Marc and their daughter. The murder was clearly meant to look like one of a recent string of home invasions, but very little about this murder parallels the other home invasions. The murder of Marc Glassman, a trader at a major brokerage, has an immediate and dramatic effect on world financial markets. Coincidentally, Glassman had gone out of his way to violate company policy, having dramatically over leveraged his positions. His murder brings down one of Wall Street's oldest and most respected brokerages.
Hauck has started a new job with Talon, a security firm whose largest client is Reynolds Ried, “a Wall Street icon.” Merrill Simons, the ex-wife of Reynolds Rieds' CEO, hires Hauck to check up on her suspicions about her new love interest Dani Thibault. As Hauck investigates Thibault he begins to see clues that connect Thibault to the murder of Marc Glassman and the apparent suicide of James Donovan, another over extended trader from a different firm.
In Washington, Treasury agent Naomi Blum watches millions of dollars in suspicious bank transfers. Her research leads her to follow the same trail as Hauck.
Hauck and Blum team up to unravel evidence that all connects back to Dani Thibault. Their search takes them to Serbia and leads back to London to find Marty al-Bashir, the chief investment officer of the Royal Saudi Partnership. As witnesses are quickly silenced in a string of murders, the trail leads all the way back to the Secretary of the Treasury in Washington and Peter Simons, the CEO of Reynold's Reid.
# Red myzomela

The red myzomela (Myzomela cruentata) is a species of bird in the family Meliphagidae. It is found in New Guinea and New Britain. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The reddish myzomela (M. erythrina) of New Ireland was formerly considered conspecific, but phylogenetic evidence indicates that both are distinct species, and it has thus been split from it by the IUCN Red List, BirdLife International, and the International Ornithologists' Union.
There are two recognized subspecies:
* M. c. cruentata - New Guinea and Yapen
* M. c. coccinea - New Britain and the Duke of York Islands
# Red Garland's Piano

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Red Garland's Piano is an album by jazz pianist Red Garland, released in 1957 on Prestige Records. It features tracks recorded mainly on March 22, 1957.

## Track listing

* "Please Send Me Someone to Love" (Percy Mayfield) - 9:51
* "Stompin' at the Savoy" (Benny Goodman, Andy Razaf, Edgar Sampson, Chick Webb) - 3:12
* "The Very Thought of You" (Ray Noble) - 4:12
* "Almost Like Being in Love" (Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe) - 4:52
* "If I Were a Bell" (Frank Loesser) - 6:41
* "I Know Why (And So Do You)" (Harry Warren, Mack Gordon) - 4:50
* "I Can't Give You Anything But Love" (Dorothy Fields, Jimmy McHugh) - 5:05
* "But Not for Me" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) - 5:52

## Personnel

* Red Garland - piano
* Paul Chambers - bass
* Art Taylor - drums
# Red Garland at the Prelude

Red Garland at the Prelude is a live album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Red Garland which was recorded in 1959 and released on the Prestige label. The album was recorded at the Prelude Club at the same concert that produced Lil' Darlin' and Red Garland Live!.
A significantly expanded version of this album was reissued in 2006 as a 2-CD set, incorporating tracks from the albums Lil' Darlin', Red Garland Live! and Satin Doll as well as four previously unissued tracks.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| DownBeat | |
The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow stated: "Straight-ahead jazz fans should get this one". C. Michael Bailey from All About Jazz stated: "There may be an argument that The Red Garland Trio at the Prelude is the last of the great Garland Trio recordings. The pianist performed and recorded sporadically until his death at 61 years old in 1984. But it is these Prelude sides illustrate Red Garland at top form in his craft".

## Track listing

* "Satin Doll" (Duke Ellington, Johnny Mercer, Billy Strayhorn) - 6:21
* "Perdido" (Ervin Drake, Juan Tizol) - 4:36
* "There Will Never Be Another You" (Mack Gordon, Harry Warren) - 6:43
* "Bye Bye Blackbird" (Mort Dixon, Ray Henderson) - 5:05
* "Let Me See" (Count Basie, Harry "Sweets" Edison, Jon Hendricks) - 5:57
* "Prelude Blues" (Red Garland) - 5:41
* "Just Squeeze Me (But Don't Tease Me)" (Ellington, Lee Gaines) - 5:41
* "One O'Clock Jump" (Basie, Eddie Durham) - 3:24
* Recorded The Prelude Club in New York City on October 2, 1959

## Personnel

* Red Garland - piano
* Jimmy Rowser - bass
* Charles "Specs" Wright - drums
# Referendums in Iran

Five referendums in Iran were held since the first referendum was held in 1953 for dissolution or survival of 17th Iranian Majlis and the latest of those for revision of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1989.

## Legal status

There is nothing in Persian Constitution of 1906 about the referendum but at the time enforcing this law (until 1978), two referendums were held (1953 and 1963). Third referendum (1979) was held when the Persian Constitution of 1906 had been fallen into desuetude with a victory of the revolution and as yet the new constitution had not been enacted for Iran. The fourth referendum (1979) was held for enactment the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the fifth referendum (1989) was to review it. In Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, referendum is part of popular sovereignty and was provided about it in Principles 1, 6, 59, 99, 110, 123, 132, 177 of the constitution. According to the referendum act of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (1989), referendum will be held with the proposal of the president or 100 members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly and enactment of at least two-thirds of the total number of Members of them. The Ministry of Interior is responsible for holding referendum and Guardian Council for monitoring and confirmation it.

## Brief outline of referendums

| Year | Proposed by | Held by | Issue | Yes votes (%) | Result |
| 1953 | Mohammad Mossadegh | 2nd Cabinet of Mosaddegh | Dissolution of parliament | 99.94% | 17th Iranian Majlis dissolved |
| 1963 | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi | 1st Cabinet of Alam | Land reform and Electoral reform | 99.93% | White Revolution declared |
| 1979 | Ruhollah Khomeini | Cabinet of Bazargan | Regime change | 99.31% | Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran declared |
| 1979 | Ruhollah Khomeini | Council of the Islamic Revolution | Constitution adoption | 99.5% | Constitution drafted by the Assembly of Experts was adopted |
| 1989 | Ruhollah Khomeini | 2nd Cabinet of Mousavi | Constitutional amendment | 97.57% | Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran amended |
# Referendums in Poland

There have been several referendums in the history of Poland.

## 1920 and 1921

There were no country-wide referendums in the Second Polish Republic, but there were two local referendums on border issues between Poland and Germany:
* 11 July 1920 – Referendum on Warmia, Mazury and Powiśle
* 20 March 1921 – Referendum on Upper Silesia

## 1946 and 1987

There were two referendums in the People's Republic of Poland:
* 30 June 1946 – People's referendum (also known as the 3xTAK, 3 times YES referendum)
* 29 November 1987 – Referendum on political and economic reforms

## Since 1989

There have been four referendums in post-Communist Poland:
* 18 February 1996: two referendums:
** Referendum on enfranchisement of citizens (Referendum w sprawie powszechnego uwłaszczenia obywateli)
** Referendum with four questions on privatised assets (Referendum o niektórych kierunkach wykorzystania majątku państwowego)
* 25 May 1997 – Referendum on the Constitution (Referendum konstytucyjne)
* 7–8 June 2003 – Referendum on joining the EU (Referendum akcesyjne or Referendum europejskie)
* 6 September 2015 – Referendum with three questions on Sejm representation, political party funding, and tax law dispute resolution:
** Introducing single-member constituencies for Sejm elections, on maintaining state financing of political parties and introducing a presumption in favour of the taxpayer in disputes over the tax law.
A referendum on the proposed EU Constitution was planned in 2005, but was abandoned after the rejection of the Constitution by French voters.
2023 Polish referendum happened in Poland on 15 October 2023, alongside nationwide elections to the Senate and Sejm. Four questions have been announced by members of the government from 11–14 August. Voters were asked whether they approve of privatisation of state-owned enterprises, increase in the retirement age, admission of immigrants under the EU relocation mechanism and removal of the barrier on Poland’s border with Belarus. The referendum was answered by around 40% of eligible Polish voters, making it not binding.
# Redpath Township, Traverse County, Minnesota

Redpath Township is a township in Traverse County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 35 at the 2000 census.
Redpath Township was organized in 1881, and named for an old Indian trail within its borders.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 39.0 square miles (100.9 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 35 people, 14 households, and 11 families residing in the township. The population density was 0.9 people per square mile (0.3/km$^2$). There were 21 housing units at an average density of 0.5/sq mi (0.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 94.29% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.71% of the population.
There were 14 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 85.7% were married couples living together, and 14.3% were non-families. 7.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.67.
In the township the population was spread out, with 20.0% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 14.3% from 25 to 44, 31.4% from 45 to 64, and 25.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $29,375, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $22,917 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,190. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.
# Reggae Night (album)

Reggae Night is a 2004 compilation album by reggae artist Jimmy Cliff, that included the track for the famous same-titled single "Reggae Night" and "You Can Get It If You Really Want". The album was released on Planet Song label.

## Track listing

* "Reggae Night"
* "You Can Get It If You Really Want"
* "Samba Reggae"
* "I'm A Winner"
* "Breakout"
* "Oneness"
* "Peace"
* "War A Africa"
* "Roll on Rolling Stone"
* "Be Ready"
* "Jimmy Jimmy"
* "Haunted"
* "Baby Let Me Feel It"
* "Stepping Out of Limbo"
* "True Story"
* "Shout For Freedom"
* This reggae album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Red House, London

Red House, London may mean
* The Red House, Bexleyheath, designed by the Arts and Crafts architect Philip Webb for William Morris in 1859
* The Red House, Bayswater, designed by the British Queen Anne Revival architect J. J. Stevenson for himself in 1874
* The Red House, Byron Hill Road, Harrow, designed by E. S. Prior in Queen Anne Revival style in 1883
# Red House, West Virginia

Red House is a small unincorporated community located in Putnam County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The community is divided into two distinct areas: Red House (Proper) which follows the Kanawha River Valley along WV 62, and Red House Hill along WV 34 which is in the hills just off the Kanawha River Valley. The Red House Post Office is still in service and was founded on September 26, 1840. Some say the town was named for a red house which stood at the town site, while others believe nearby red rock formations account for the name.

## Geography

Red House is located on WV 62 which generally follows the Kanawha River, between Hometown and Eleanor, and consists primarily of single family homes.
The Red House Hill area is primarily a mix of hilly 20 to 100 acres (8.1 to 40.5 hectares) farms (including cattle, horses, corn, etc.), and small land plots whose owners are commuters to the Charleston and Huntington metropolitan and surrounding areas.
The closest neighbors to Red House are Confidence, Hometown, Winfield, and Eleanor.
Due to the extremely winding mountain terrain, WV 34 is a very dangerous road for a 21-mile stretch from its junction with WV 62 to Kenna, where it intersects with County Route 21, which provides access to I-77. Because of the winding nature of WV 34 and the proximity to the Putnam County line, the road actually passes through Putnam County, Kanawha County and finally Jackson County, several times along the 21 mile length.

## Education

Public education in the area is served by Confidence Elementary School (located in Confidence), Buffalo Elementary School (located in Buffalo), Buffalo High School (also located in Buffalo), George Washington Elementary School (located in Eleanor), George Washington Middle School (also located in Eleanor), and Poca High School (located in Poca).

## Fire service

Fire service in the area is primarily provided by the Route 34 Volunteer Fire Department & 2nd due, Eleanor Volunteer Fire Department.

## Churches

Five churches exist in Red House: United Brethren Church, (Red House hill); Wade Chapel United Methodist Church, (Red House hill); Riverside Baptist Church, (Red House proper); Lone Oak Church of God, (Red House hill); and Grandview Baptist Church, (Red House hill).