OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Solar-powered flashlight

Solar powered flashlights (American English) or solar powered torches (British English) are flashlights powered by solar energy stored in rechargeable batteries. Most of these flashlights use light-emitting diodes lamps since they have lower energy consumption compared to incandescent light bulbs.

## Features

Solar powered flashlights vary in features and capabilities. A typical solar flashlight can give useful levels of illumination on objects up to 50 metres away, and beam may be visible for much longer distances. The solar cells used for battery charging have an indefinite life expectancy. A solar powered flashlight may give several hours of light after being charged during the day. These flashlights may be designed to be impact resistant, weatherproof, and to float.
Other models include features such as a solar cell phone charger, an AM/FM radio, or a siren to call for help in an emergency. Some models include a hand crank dynamo for charging at night. An experimental solar flashlight the size of a credit card features a white LED powered by 16 solar cells.

## Comparison with primary battery flashlights

Solar powered lights need not be manually recharged as in the case of conventional battery operated flashlights. Pollution from discarded batteries used in normal flashlights is eliminated. Solar powered flashlights can be used in remote locations where it is impossible to find any source of electricity except for solar power.
A built-in solar cell array in a hand-held product has a very small capacity. The light output and run time of the solar flashlight are limited by the amount of energy that can be absorbed in a day. Flashlights are usually stored indoors or otherwise out of direct sunlight; consumers may find it inconvenient to remember to place the flashlight in full sunlight for several hours before use. Rechargeable cells self-discharge, so unless the flashlight is stored in a sunny location, the light may not function in an emergency. Rechargeable cells have a finite charge/discharge cycle life, and when the cells wear out it may be difficult for the consumer to replace them. Some of these disadvantages can be mitigated by separating the solar cell array from the flashlight, but then the simplicity of automatic charging is lost.

## Significance

Solar powered flashlights have been distributed to countries where there is either no or erratic power supply, helping people feel safer leaving their homes at night, and giving children the opportunity to study after sunset. A dual purpose solar flashlight, which also functions as a lamp has helped families in such countries spend more time together, surgeries to be performed during power outages and people to travel in the dark under a halo of light.
# Umberto Urbano

Umberto Urbano (16 October 1885 in Livorno – 16 June 1969), was an Italian baritone opera singer. He made his debut in 1907 in Trieste. His career really picked up momentum in 1920, beginning as the Herald in Lohengrin at La Scala. He also appeared there in 1923 as Telramund in Lohengrin and Enrico in Lucia di Lammermoor. In 1924 he appeared at the Royal Albert Hall in a Special Sunday Concert.
# The Great British Baking Show season 2

The Great British Baking Show (season 2) may refer to:
* The Great British Bake Off series 2
* The Great British Bake Off series 4, which was broadcast as the second season of the series on PBS in the United States
# X-Coaster

X-Coaster is a Maurer Söhne SkyLoop XT-150 roller coaster at Magic Springs and Crystal Falls in Hot Springs, Arkansas.

## History

X-Coaster opened at Magic Springs on May 27, 2006 and became the park's 6th coaster and the first of its kind in North America. X-Coaster was closed during the entire 2009 season, before reopening in 2010. Although Maurer Söhne is considered the manufacturer of the ride, the track for X-Coaster was fabricated by Dynamic Structures, and the ride was constructed by Martin & Vleminckx.
On October 5, 2012, Magic Springs and Crystal Falls announced that X-Coaster will be removed at the end of the 2012 season and that they plan on expanding Crystal Falls water park in 2013. Despite this, however, the ride has continued operation into the 2013 season with its removal being delayed.

## Ride

After the train departs from the station, it immediately begins to climb the vertical (90 degree) lift hill. Upon reaching the top of the lift, the train turns 45 degrees backwards putting the train and its riders in an upside down position. Then, as the train exits the lift, it goes through a heartline roll before going down the only drop in the layout of the roller coaster. The train speeds through the station going back up the lift. Once it lost momentum the train then returns down passing through the station again. It then proceeds back up the drop and partially into the heartline roll before once again losing momentum and returning to the ground. After passing the station for the third time, the train is stopped near the top of the lift hill. The train is then lowered back down to the station where the next riders board the ride. The XT 150 has the option of sending riders around a second cycle at the operator's discretion. When the train stopped on the lift hill at the end of the ride, instead of lowering slowly back to the station, the chain would raise the car up and send it through the ride again.
# Scotaeus

Scotaeus is a genus of darkling beetles (insects in the family Tenebrionidae).

## Species

Species within this genus include:
* Scotaeus corallipes Hope, 1834
* Scotaeus dentipennis Gebien, 1935
* Scotaeus focalis Gebien, 1935
* Scotaeus fruhstorferi Gebien, 1935
* Scotaeus seriatopunctatus Heller, 1898
* Scotaeus xestothorax Heller, 1899
# Pinvin

Pinvin is a village in Worcestershire, England, a little to the north of Pershore, about 7+1⁄2 miles (12.1 km) south-east of Worcester, and about 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of Evesham and lies on the crossroads of the A44, A4104 and B4082. It is also the location of Pershore railway station. The village has a church and a pub. It also has a first school (rated Good by Ofsted) and a middle school (rated Requires Improvement by Ofsted); pre-school activities take place in the village hall.
The name is thought to come from 'Penda's fen' after the Mercian King Penda, who was probably born in the nearby Cotswolds. David Rudkin's TV play Penda's Fen (1974) was set here and also references this fact.
# Perimyositis

Perimyositis is inflammation of the connective tissue around a muscle.
# TWD (disambiguation)

TWD is the currency code of the New Taiwan dollar (NT$), the official currency of the Taiwan Area of the Republic of China.
TWD may also refer to:
* Jefferson County International Airport (IATA airport code: TWD), Jefferson County, State of Washington, USA
* Texting while driving, the act of composing, sending, or reading text messages, email, or making other similar use of the internet on a mobile device, while operating a motor vehicle
* Tiger Woods Design, golf course design company
* True wind direction, see Apparent wind in sailing
* Tsuen Wan District, a district of New Territories, Hong Kong
* Tweants dialect (ISO 639 language code: twd)
* The Walking Dead (disambiguation)
* The Winery Dogs, an American rock supergroup
* Wings Aviation (ICAO airline code: TWD), Nigerian airline
# Similiclava

Similiclava is a monotypic genus of cnidarians belonging to the monotypic family Similiclavidae. The only species is Similiclava nivea.
The species is found in Northern America.
# Simply

Simply may refer to:
* Simply (Blossom Dearie album), 1982
* Simply (K. T. Oslin album), 2015
* "Simply", a song by De La Soul from the 2001 album AOI: Bionix
* Simply Market, a French supermarket chain
* Simply Beverages, an American fruit juice company
# Silliwood

Silliwood, a portmanteau of Silicon Valley and Hollywood, is the term given to various California companies involved with creating CD-ROM computer games based on Hollywood movies, most of which did not appeal to serious gamers in the mid-1990s.
Spurred on in large part by the success of CD-ROM games like Myst, these games emphasized flashy production values and well-known (or at least, recognizable) actors over gameplay. These include unsuccessful games such as The Horde (starring Kirk Cameron), A Fork in the Tale (starring Rob Schneider), Night Trap (starring Dana Plato) and several games starring Tim Curry, and successful games such as the DreamWorks Studios title The Neverhood, the Warner Bros.-produced Edgar Allan Poe game The Dark Eye, and The Residents game Bad Day on the Midway, and later Wing Commander games.
The term also referred to the advent of computer-generated imagery (CGI) in Hollywood movies.
# Sillon

Sillon (French for furrow or strip) may refer to:
* Le Sillon, a liberal-leftist Catholic movement in France.
* Sillon industriel (industrial strip), a term for an industrial zone in French speaking countries, usually referring to an area in Belgium.
# Singing When We're Young

Singing When We're Young (Chinese: 初恋未满; pinyin: Chūliàn wèi mǎn) is a 2013 Chinese youth film, produced by Andy Lau, is the director's debut of Liu Juan. The film was shortlisted in the "Asian Newcomer Award" unit of the 16th Shanghai International Film Festival, and won a special jury award. Released in China on July 4, 2013.

## Plot

In 1997, the senior 3 class flower Dong Chirp (Zhang Hanyun) appears to be a sensible girl, but her heart is rebellious. Her good sister, Han Xia, likes fashion design very much. She is straightforward and dare to do things on weekdays, but because of her burly figure, ordinary appearance, and the personality of the men, she is often laughed at by the boys around her. The melancholy school grass Xia Jinghan (ran Xu), school bully Luo Fan (dai Xu), fat little Xiaoqiang (Zhang Zheng), and sports boy Dawei (Li Xian) are the school's recognized friends. Facing the upcoming college entrance examination, they each look forward to their future lives. Chiu's father died suddenly on her eighteenth birthday, but the birthday gift left to her became her permanent spiritual sustenance. Jing Han was righteous for others. Due to the divorce of his parents in his childhood, he and his grandmother lived together. Luo Fan is Jinghan's best buddy. They admire each other's chivalrous temperament, but the love between Jinghan and tweeting has caused the brothers to look back. The ordinary Han Xia has always lived in the shadow of a good sister's tweeting. The huge contrast between her teacher and classmates' attitude towards her and tweeting has caused a huge crisis of their friendship.

## Cast

* Zhang Hanyun as Dong Jiujiu
* Ran Xu as Xia Jinghan/Hanhan
* Dai Xu as Luo Fan
* Wu Yuyao as Han Xia
* Zhang Zheng as Xiaoqiang/Wet Crotch/Diaper
* Li Xian as Li Wei
* Ni Dahong as Jiujiu's father
* Wang Jinsong as school security guard
* Song Xiaoying as Xia Jinghan's grandmother
* Pan Jie as Dong Jiujiu's mother
* Wang Yanhui as Luo Fan's father
* Qi Long as Hunhun
* Li Qingke as Zhou Yunkai (student)
* Lu Qian as Xiaoke (student)
* Chris Babida as music judge

## Reception

* Chinese Young Generation Film Forum 2013 for Best Actor - Xu Dai
* Shanghai International Film Festival 2013 for Asian New Talent Award - Juan Liu
* Asian New Talent Award for Best Film (nominee)
# Siosifa

Siosifa is a Tongan masculine given name. It may refer to:
* Siosifa Lisala (born 1994), Tongan-born Japanese rugby union player
* Siosifa Talakai (born 1997), Australian rugby league player
* Siosifa Tuʻitupou Tuʻutafaiva, Tongan lawyer and politician
# Siniša Kelečević

Siniša Kelečević (born April 10, 1970) is a Croatian former basketball player. He played the forward and center positions. He was named to the 2002 Israeli Basketball Premier League Quintet.

## Biography

Kelečević is from Šibenik, Croatia. He is 6' 10" (208 cm) tall, and weighs 216 pounds (98 kg).
He played for Hapoel Jerusalem, Pallacanestro Trieste, Pallalcesto Amatori Udine, Acqua San Bernardo Cantu, and Telekom Baskets Bonn. Kelečević was named to the 2002 Israeli Basketball Premier League Quintet.
With the Croatia men's national basketball team, Kelečević played in 47 games including in the 1995, 1997, and 1999 European Championships for Men, as well as in EuroBasket 1997.
# Sindee Simon

Sindee Lou Simon is an American chemical engineer and polymer physicist who studies the glass transition, thermosetting polymers, and nanoconfinement. Her research has included studies of ancient amber, showing that unlike liquids glass does not flow. She is the head of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at North Carolina State University.

## Education and career

Simon grew up in Wichita, Kansas, the daughter of a schoolteacher and a technical salesman for the aircraft industry; she was directed towards chemical engineering by a high school mathematics teacher. She became an undergraduate at Yale University, where she competed in the Yale swimming team, serving as captain of the team for two years, and was named an All-American for 1982 by the College Swimming Coaches Association of America for the backstroke in NCAA Division I.
After graduating, she worked for four years at the Beech Aircraft Corporation, on the materials science behind their first composite aircraft. She went to Princeton University for graduate study, completing her Ph.D. in 1992.
She joined the faculty at the University of Pittsburgh as an assistant professor of chemical and petroleum engineering in 1992, before moving to Texas Tech University in 1999. The move solved a two-body problem for her and her husband, chemical engineer Gregory B. McKenna, who moved from the National Institute of Standards and Technology to Texas Tech at the same time. At Texas Tech, she was department chair for chemical engineering from 2012 to 2019. She moved again, to North Carolina State University, in 2021.

## Recognition

Simon was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2010, after a nomination from the APS Division of Polymer Physics, "for pioneering contributions to the understanding of the thermal and mechanical properties of bulk and nanostructured polymeric glasses". She also became a fellow of the North American Thermal Analysis Society in 2003, of the Society of Plastics Engineers in 2005, and of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers in 2015.
She was named P. W. Horn Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering at Texas Tech in 2010.
She was the 2014 winner of the Mettler Toledo Outstanding Achievement of the North American Thermal Analysis Society, and the 2019 winner of the International Award of the Society of Plastics Engineers, the first woman to win the society's highest award.
# Sinde

Sinde may refer to:

## People

* Ángeles González-Sinde, a Spanish scriptwriter, film director and politician

## Places

* Sinde (ward), an administrative ward in the Mbeya Urban district of the Mbeya Region, Tanzania
* Sinde (Tábua), a civil parish in the municipality of Tábua, Portugal
# Sir Francis N. Burton (1825 ship (1))

Sir Francis N. Burton was launched in 1825 at Quebec. She sailed to England where she assumed English registry, and then traded between London and Central America. Pirates captured and plundered her in 1827, but the British Royal Navy recovered her, the recovery leading to a court case for salvage. New owners started trading with the Baltic, where she was wrecked in 1829.

## Career

Sir Francis N. Burton first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1826 with Baker, owner, and trade London–Vera Cruz. She assumed British registry on 6 January 1826. The Register of Shipping for 1827 showed Baker as master and owner, the master changing to Hare, and the ownership changing to Baker & Co. The entry carried the notation "badly built".
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1828 | Hare | Baker | London–Vera Cruz | LR |
| 1830 | J.Cliburn | Dobson & Co. | Cowes | LR |
In 1827 pirates captured Sir Francis N. Burton, Hare, master. She was anchored in the port of Sagua, Cuba when pirates attacked her. The crew succeeded in repelling them but Hare was injured and taken up to Sagua La Grande. The next day the pirates attacked again. The pirates succeeded in driving off the crew and taking the ship, which they plundered. The boats of HMS Espiegle, Commander Yates, retrieved Sir Francis N. Burton on 16 January 1827. Over the next two weeks Yates and his men retrieved the crew, fixed the sails, refitted the ship, and at Hare's request, conveyed her some 80 miles (130 km) to a safe anchorage. Yates claimed salvage at Havana. The consignees of Sir Francis N. Burton agreed to valuation and arbitration by a three-man board, which included the Lloyd's agent at Havana. The board valued the ship at £780 and awarded salvage of one-third. The consignees decided that she had required such heavy expenses that she could not pay the salvage. They gave up her papers to the salvors and instructed them to contact the owners. She was sold for £600. On 28 April the High Court of Admiralty in London awarded Espiegle £200.

## Fate

On 7 November 1829 Sir Francis N. Burton, Clibbens, master, was driven ashore near "Polagna", Russia with the loss of a crew member. She was on a voyage from Saint Petersburg, Russia.

## Citations

* 1 2 The Ships List Ship Arrivals at the Port of Quebec, 1825.
* 1 2 3 Library and Archives Canada Item: 65675: SIR FRANCIS N. BURTON.
* 1 2 LR (1826), Supple. pages "S", Seq.№S45.
* ↑ RS (1827), Seq.№435.
* ↑ "No. 18481". The London Gazette. 24 June 1828.
* ↑ Howard, et al., ed. (1853), pp.156–158.
* ↑ "Naval Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury etc. No. 969. 27 November 1829.
# Sir Francis N. Burton (1825 ship (2))

Sir Francis N. Burton was launched in 1825 at Quebec. She was wrecked on 5 December 1826 on a voyage for the British East India Company (EIC).
Sir Francis N. Burton was re-registered at London on 27 May 1826. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1826 with J.Martin, master, Grayham, owner, and trade London. She had damages repaired in 1826.
In 1813 the EIC had lost its monopoly on the trade between India and Britain. British ships were then free to sail to India or the Indian Ocean under a license from the EIC. "Sir F.N.Burton", J. Martin, master, sailed from England on 1 August 1826 bound for Bengal.
Fate: Sir Francis N. Burton, Martin, master, was wrecked in the Keeling Islands with the loss of three lives. She was on a voyage from the Cape of Good Hope to Bengal. LL reported on 8 October 1827 that Adrian had rescued the master.

## Citations

* 1 2 LR (1826), Supple.pages "S", Seq.№S63.
* 1 2 Library and Archives Canada Item: 65678: SIR FRANCIS N. BURTON .
* 1 2 LR (1827), "Ships trading to India".
* ↑ Hackman (2001), p. 247.
* ↑ "Ship News". Caledonian Mercury. No. 16534. 13 August 1827.
# Sion Creek

Sion Creek is a creek in central Mumbai near Sion. The creek divides the city from the suburbs. It empties out into the Thane Creek to the east.
# Sincopa

Sincopa is the fifth studio album from Cartel de Santa. It was released on May 25, 2010, by Sony BMG and Babilonia Music. The album has featured guests such as Mery Dee, Bicho Ramirez and Big Man. The album peaked number 67 on Billboard Latin Albums.

## Track listing

* Bombos y Tarolas
* Mariconatico
* Traficando Rimas (ft. Bicho Ramirez)
* El Hornazo
* Escucha y Aprende
* Con El Coco Rapado - contains sample from "Fumemos un Cigarrillo" by Piero
* Dale Fuego (ft. Big Man)
* El Mal Necesario - contains sample from "They Don't Know" by Brownout
* Volar, Volar
* Mobster Paradise (ft. Mery Dee)
* Con El Corazon - contains sample from "No Muerdas La Mano" by Kinto Sol
* El Ratón y El Queso

## Charts

Chart performance for Sincopa :
| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Mexican Albums (AMPROFON) | 9 |
| US Latin Rhythm Albums (Billboard) | 12 |
| US Top Latin Albums (Billboard) | 67 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Mexico (AMPROFON) | Gold | 30,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Sisara (Mayr)

Sisara is a 1793 Latin oratorio by Simon Mayr to a libretto by Giuseppe Foppa who also supplied the Latin texts for Iacob a Labano fugiens (1791) and Tobiae matrimonium (1794).

## Recording

* Sisara Sisara – Vanessa Barkowski (mezzo-soprano), Jahel – Talia Or (soprano), Debbora, Thamar – Stefanie Braun (soprano) Barac, Elcana – Petra van der Mieden (soprano), Abra, Dina – Claudia Schneider (soprano) Simon Mayr Choir. Accademia I Filarmonici di Verona. Franz Hauk 2004 Guild 2CD
# Singchit

Singchit is a village in Mangan subdivision, North Sikkim district, Sikkim, India. The Ministry of Home Affairs has given it a geographical code of 260870.
# Sisu (disambiguation)

Sisu is a Finnish concept of stoic determination and tenacity.
Sisu or SISU may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Sisu (album), a 1998 album by Finnish jazz pianist Iiro Rantala
* Sisu (band), an American indie rock band
* Sisu production, a Canadian media and film production company
* Starship Sisu, in the book Citizen of the Galaxy by Robert A. Heinlein
* Sisu (Raya and the Last Dragon), a dragon character in Raya and the Last Dragon
* Sisu Pala, character in the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata
* Sisu (film), a 2022 Finnish action film

## Transportation and military

* Sisu 1A, an American competition sailplane
* Sisu Auto, a Finnish truck manufacturer

### Ships

* Sisu-class motor torpedo boat (1919–1942), of the Finnish Navy
* Sisu (1938 icebreaker), a Finnish ship
* Sisu (1976 icebreaker), a Finnish ship

## Other uses

* Sisu (candy), a Finnish brand of candy
* Mount Sisu, a mountain in Antarctica
* SISU BK, a Danish basketball club
* SiSU (Structured information, serialized units), a Unix framework
* Dalbergia sissoo or sisu, a hardy deciduous rosewood tree
* Shanghai International Studies University, in China
* Sichuan International Studies University, in Chongqing, China
* Sistema de Seleção Unificada, a Brazilian digital platform
# Single Farm Payment

The Single Farm Payment is an agricultural subsidy paid to farmers in the EU.

## History

Historically, the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) emphasised direct subsidies for agricultural produce. To reduce price distortion, the connection between payments and specific crops was removed; instead, a "Single Farm Payment", which subsidised farmers on a per-hectare basis, was introduced in June 2003; although farmers may now attempt to claim subsidies for more land than they actually have. This "decoupling" of subsidies means they are accepted in the "Blue box" category of subsidies in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture negotiated at the Uruguay Round, in line with international agreements to reduce market-distorting subsidies and price controls.

## Payments to farmers

National governments within the EU make their own arrangements for implementation and for paying subsidies to farmers. When the UK was a part of the EU, this was done by the Rural Payments Agency, an executive agency of Defra. Some British farmers experienced problems due to delays in verifying how much land they have which is eligible for subsidy.
The Scottish government offered farmers an online system to claim subsidies, which reduces the burden of paperwork.
In non-Euro countries, payments to farmers may be made in local currency at an exchange rate set by the European Central Bank.

## Trading

Some farmers trade their subsidy entitlements.

## Economics

The Single Farm Payment is a large proportion of income for many farmers, who say they could not profit without subsidies. However, farm subsidies in developed countries push down food prices and impoverish third-world farmers. Taxpayers in the EU get more than most in return for their money.
In 2010, the EU spent €57 billion on agricultural development, of which €39 billion was spent on direct subsidies.
# Sinevia

Sinevia is a genus of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It contains the species Sinevia temulenta, which is found in Japan.