OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# American Society of Naturalists

The American Society of Naturalists was founded in 1883 and is one of the oldest professional societies dedicated to the biological sciences in North America. The purpose of the Society is "to advance and diffuse knowledge of organic evolution and other broad biological principles so as to enhance the conceptual unification of the biological sciences."
Founded in Massachusetts with Alpheus Spring Packard Jr. as its first president, it was called the Society of Naturalists of the Eastern United States until 1886.

## American Naturalist

The scientific journal The American Naturalist is published on behalf of the society.

## Activities

The Society holds an annual meeting, commonly called 'Evolution', jointly with the Society for the Study of Evolution and Society of Systematic Biologists, with a scientific program of symposia and contributed papers and posters. It also confers a number of awards for achievement in evolutionary biology and/or ecology, including the Conceptual Unification Award (originally named in honor of Sewall Wright) for senior researchers making "fundamental contributions ... to the conceptual unification of the biological sciences", the Distinguished Naturalist award for "significant contributions" from naturalists in mid-career (originally named for E. O. Wilson), the Early Career Investigators Award for promising scientists early in their careers (originally named for Jasper Loftus-Hills), among other awards.

## Organization and officers

The current president is Jeff Conner (2024). The president and vice-president elect for 2025 are Dan Bolnick and Amy Angert, respectively. Notable past-presidents and vice-presidents include:
Presidents
* Grove K. Gilbert (1885)
* Theodosius. Dobzhansky (1950)
* Sewall Wright (1952; treasurer 1929; after whom the ASN Sewall Wright award is named)
* Evelyn Hutchinson (1958)
* Ernst Mayr (1962)
* Peter H. Raven (1983)
* Janis Antonovics (1986)
* Peter Grant (1999)
* Dan Simberloff (2003)
* Jonathan Losos (2010)
* Robert Ricklefs (2011)
* Dolph Schluter (2013)
* Kathleen Donohue (2017)
* Sharon Strauss (2018)
* Judie Bronstein (2022)
Vice-presidents
* Douglas Schemske (1999 and 2009)
* Susan Harrison (2006)
* Sarah P. (Sally) Otto (2008)
* Hopi Hoekstra (2012)
* Anurag Agrawal (2016)
# Sade Baderinwa

Folasade Olayinka Baderinwa (born April 14, 1969), known professionally as Sade Baderinwa (/ˈʃɑːdeɪ ˈbɑːdərɪnwɑː/ SHAH-day BAH-dər-in-wah), is an American broadcast journalist. Since 2003, she has been a news anchor at WABC-TV, the ABC flagship station in New York, and currently co-anchors the weekday 5 p.m. and 11 p.m. newscasts of Eyewitness News with Bill Ritter.

## Early life and education

Baderinwa was born to a Nigerian father and a German mother. At age seven, her mother no longer took part in her life and her father returned to Africa, leaving her in the custody of a family friend. She was subsequently adopted in Baltimore by WBAL-TV anchor Edie House, whose parents also provided additional support. When Baderinwa was 12, her birth mother eventually took her in to live with her family in nearby Montgomery County. She has since continued to maintain contact with her biological parents, as well as with her adoptive family.
Baderinwa graduated from the University of Maryland, College Park's College of Agriculture and Natural Resources with a degree in agricultural business and resource economics.

## Career
### Early career

Baderinwa began her career as a production assistant for ABC News' various programs, including This Week With David Brinkley, Nightline, World News Tonight, and News One. She went on to become a reporter trainee at WUSA-TV, the CBS affiliate in Washington, D.C., before becoming a reporter at WSLS-TV, the NBC affiliate in Roanoke, Virginia.
Baderinwa joined WBAL-TV, the NBC affiliate in Baltimore, in February 2000. There, she anchored the morning and noon newscasts and also hosted a weekly community affairs show.

### 2003–present: WABC-TV

In 2003, Baderinwa joined WABC-TV as a reporter and anchor for the station's noon newscast before joining Diana Williams as co-anchor of the 5 p.m. newscast.
On the evening of July 23, 2004, while preparing a report on location outside of 257 Hudson Street in Hackensack, New Jersey about local flooding, she was struck by a hit and run driver who went through police lines, and was rendered unconscious following the collision. After undergoing multiple surgeries and months of physical therapy, Baderinwa returned on-air on December 13, 2004, but continued receiving physical therapy five times a week following her return. The driver in the collision was never caught.
On October 27, 2006, Baderinwa appeared on The View as a guest co-host.
In May 2011, Baderinwa became co-anchor of the 11 p.m. newscast with Bill Ritter, replacing Liz Cho, who vacated the slot to anchor the station's new 4 p.m newscast, which debuted after the end of The Oprah Winfrey Show.
She has also been a regular moderator at the United Nations' celebration of International Women's Day.
# Maikari

Maikari is a town and commune in Cameroon.
# Karl Hilgers

Karl Hermann Joseph Hubert Hilgers (17 January 1844 – 25 February 1925) was a German sculptor.

## Life

Born in Düsseldorf, the son of the landscape painter Carl Hilgers [de], he studied at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf with August Wittig [de] from 1864 to 1870. During a study trip he lived in Rome from 1873 to 1876. 1876–1895 he worked in Berlin, where he also received the title professor. 1895–1898 he was again active in Rome with a stay in the Villa Strohl-Fern, 1898–1902 in Florence and from 1902 again in Berlin. In the period 1896/1897 he was chairman of the Deutsche Künstlerverein zu Rome. Hilgers created numerous public monuments and competition designs, with which he was frequently represented at exhibitions from 1880 to 1916 (for example in Berlin, Munich and Düsseldorf) and also received prizes. In 1907, he was awarded a small gold medal at the Große Berliner Kunstausstellung. He was a member of the Verein Berliner Künstler [de].
Hilgers was married to Maria, née Andreae. He died in Berlin at the age of 81 and was buried at the Stahnsdorf South-Western Cemetery near Berlin.

## Work

* 1879: Genius der Kunst, on the façade of the former Kunsthalle in Düsseldorf (lost)
* 1883: Colossal statue of Frederick William I of Prussia in the Hall of Fame at Berlin Zeughaus
* 1888: Lessing-Denkmal in Berlin. According to Meyer's Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Hilgers won first prize in the competition in 1887; the sculptor was Otto Lessing.
* 1890: Kriegerdenkmal in Düsseldorf Court Garden
* 1894: Equestrian monument of William I, German Emperor in Stettin
* 1897: Marble figure Muse (Nationalgalerie Berlin)
* 1907: Marble statue Judith
* 1912: Minerva fountain in front of the Alte Bibliothek in Berlin
* Marble group Eva an Abels Leiche
* Bronze statue Rudolf I of Germany, in Hamburg City Hall on the market side between the window niches
* four virtues as allegorical limestone figures for the Reichstag building in Berlin
* Two bronze reliefs for the Dirksen grave monument at Matthäikirchhof in Berlin
# Karl Heun

Karl Heun (German:; born 3 April 1859, Wiesbaden; died 10 January 1929, Karlsruhe) was a German mathematician who introduced Heun's equation, Heun functions, and Heun's method.
Karl Heun studied mathematics and philosophy in Göttingen (and briefly in Halle). In 1881 with the dissertation Die Kugelfunktionen und Laméschen Funktionen als Determinanten he received his doctorate under Schering at the University of Göttingen. He then worked as a teacher at an agricultural college in Wehlau, until in 1883 he emigrated to England where he taught until 1885 in Uppingham.
He completed his studies in London and received his Habilitierung qualification in June 1886 in Munich with the thesis Über lineare Differentialgleichungen zweiter Ordnung, deren Lösungen durch den Kettenbruchalgorithmus verknüpft sind. From 1886 to 1889 he taught at the University of Munich, but because of financial circumstances from 1890 to 1902 he had to work as a teacher in Berlin.
In 1900 Karl Heun received the title of Professor and then in 1902 he obtained the professorial chair of theoretical mechanics at the Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe, where he worked until he retired with a pension in 1922.
# Karayokuş, Bolvadin

Karayokuş is a village in the Bolvadin District, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Its population is 932 (2021).
# Amphiachyris amoena

Amphiachyris amoena is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in central and north-central Texas in the United States.
# Saint-Germain-de-Fresney

Saint-Germain-de-Fresney (French pronunciation:, literally Saint-Germain of Fresney) is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France.
# Cuchilla de Caraguatá

The Cuchilla de Caraguatá is a range of hills in Uruguay.

## Location

It is situated in Uruguay's largest department, Tacuarembó Department, in the north of the country.

### Name

The range of hills gives its name to a village formerly known as Cuchilla de Caraguatá.
The word 'Caraguatá' originally referred to a local plant.
A nearby river is named the Caraguatá River.

## Featured in literature

'Caraguatá' is featured in the poetry of a local writer, Circe Maia. Maia has written a series of poems entitled 'Poemas de Caraguatá', containing reflections to which local topography, flora and fauna have given rise.
# An Bloem

An Bloem is a 1983 Dutch film directed by Peter Oosthoek. It was his first feature-length film.
# Cummingston railway station

Cummingston railway station stood on the Burghead and Hopeman Branch of the Highland Railway and once served the small village of Cummingston, formerly Cummingstown, in the Scottish district of Moray (formerly Elginshire).

## History

The Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway opened the original branch from Alves Junction to Burghead in 1862. In 1865 the line was taken over by the Highland Railway and work started on continuing the branch from Burghead to Hopeman via Cummingston, the extension opening on 10 October 1892.
Cummingston had closed as early as 1904 however the London, Midland and Scottish Railway took over the line itself in 1923, the last passenger train on the branch running on 12 September 1931. Services ran to Keith or to Inverness by changing at Alves.

## Infrastructure

The short platform on the single track line had no passing loop but had a siding, signal box and signals, with a small shelter. It was reached by a path that ran from near the overbridge. Standing on the landward side of the line the station was opened to serve the village for residents and visitors. Nothing now remains of the station and the track has been lifted, however the route is in use as a cyclepath and original road overbridge still survives to the south of the station site.
| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Burghead Line closed, station closed | | Highland Railway Highland Railway | | Hopeman Line closed, station closed |
# Cycling at the 2019 European Games – Men's points race

The men's points race at the 2019 European Games was held at the Minsk Velodrome on 28 June 2019.

## Results

160 laps (40 km) were raced with 16 sprints.
| Rank | Name | Nation | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Sprint | Laps | Laps | Total | Finish order |
| Rank | Name | Nation | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | + | − | Total | Finish order |
| | Christos Volikakis | Greece | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | | | | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 | | 3 | 5 | 10 | | | 45 | 1 |
| | Jan-Willem van Schip | Netherlands | | | 1 | 5 | 2 | | | 5 | 5 | | 3 | 3 | | 5 | 3 | 6 | | | 38 | 2 |
| | Dmitrii Mukhomediarov | Russia | | | | | | | | | | | | 5 | | | | | 20 | | 25 | 13 |
| 4 | Óscar Pelegrí | Spain | | | 5 | | | | 1 | 2 | | | | 1 | 3 | | | 2 | | | 14 | 4 |
| 5 | Liam Bertazzo | Italy | | | | | | | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | 13 | 9 |
| 6 | Raman Ramanau | Belarus | | | | | 5 | 5 | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | | 12 | 8 |
| 7 | Andreas Graf | Austria | | | | 1 | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | 9 | 14 |
| 8 | Gerben Thijssen | Belgium | 2 | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | | | 8 | 3 |
| 9 | Miguel do Rego | Portugal | | 2 | | | | | | | 1 | 5 | | | | | | | | | 8 | 10 |
| 10 | Marc Potts | Ireland | | | | | | | 3 | | | | | | 5 | | | | | | 8 | 12 |
| 11 | Viktor Filutás | Hungary | | 3 | | | | 1 | | | | | 1 | | | 2 | | | | | 7 | 7 |
| 12 | Nicolas Pietrula | Czech Republic | 3 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | 6 | 6 |
| 13 | Nico Selenati | Switzerland | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | 1 | | | | 5 | 5 |
| 14 | Vitaliy Hryniv | Ukraine | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | 15 |
| 15 | Damian Sławek | Poland | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20 | −18 | 11 |
| | Edgar Stepanyan | Armenia | | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 20 | | DNF |
| | Andrej Strmiska | Slovakia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40 | | DNF |
# Malar flush

Malar flush is a plum-red discolouration of the high cheeks. It is classically associated with mitral valve stenosis due to the resulting CO$_2$ retention and its vasodilatory effects. It can also be associated with lupus, polycythemia vera and homocystinuria.

## Definition

Malar flush is a plum-red discolouration of the high cheeks.

## Pathophysiology

Mitral valve stenosis may cause malar flush due to CO$_2$ retention, which causes vasodilation of arterioles in the cheeks.
It can also be associated with other conditions, such as lupus, polycythemia vera and homocystinuria.
# Maimbeville

Maimbeville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Sakai District, Fukui

Sakai (坂井郡, Sakai-gun) was a district located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan.
As of October 1, 2005, the district had an estimated population of 92,312 with a density of 439.77 persons per km$^2$. The total area is 209.91 km$^2$.

## Municipalities

Prior to its dissolution, the district consisted of six towns:
* Awara
* Harue
* Kanazu
* Maruoka
* Mikuni
* Sakai

### Notes

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Classified as a town.

## History
### Recent mergers

* On March 1, 2004 - The former town of Awara absorbed the town of Kanazu to form the city of Awara.
* On March 20, 2006 - The former town of Sakai absorbed the towns of Harue, Maruoka and Mikuni to form the city of Sakai. Sakai District was dissolved as a result of this merger.
# Saint-Marc, Cantal

Saint-Marc (French pronunciation:; Auvergnat: Sant Marc) is a former commune in the Cantal department in south-central France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Val-d'Arcomie.
# Karma (2015 Tamil film)

Karma is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language murder mystery film directed, produced and written by R. Arvind in his debut. The features two characters namely a police officer and a crime writer throughout the entirety of the film.

## Cast

* R. Arvind as Thamizhselvan and Ranganathan

## Production

The film is an experimental film and unlike other Tamil-language films does not have a heroine, multiple songs, or comedy tracks. In 2012, Arvind held a casting call for the lead actor before ultimately he himself decided to play both of the lead roles.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by L. V. Ganesan and compromises of one song "Karma (Title Track)", which was written and sung by lyricist Vairamuthu. For the song, Vairamuthu wrote ten new tirukkuṛaḷs. The song also marks his debut as a singer.

## Release

The film received a nomination at the Madrid International Film Festival in 2015 and is the first Tamil film to do so. The film was released online on 16 September 2016 on paid subscription streaming platforms such as Amazon Video, iTunes, and Google Play by Bollywood director Anurag Kashyap. This film was promoted as the first Tamil film to be released online. Although the film Ayynoorum Ayynthum (2016) was released online, it was released online for free.

## Awards and nominations

* Madrid International Film Festival – Best Director of a Foreign Language film – R. Aravind – Nominated
* Hollywood Sky Film Festival – Official Selection
# Karma (American band)

Karma was an American soul/funk/jazz band, which recorded two albums for the A&M Records imprint Horizon Records in the 1970s. Its members included Ernie Watts, trombonist George Bohanon, trumpeter Oscar Brashear, keyboardist Reggie Andrews, bassist Curtis Robertson Jr and drummer Joe Blocker.
After recording two albums, the group disbanded in 1978. Group members Reggie Andrews and George Bohanon became record producers - the former becoming successful in overseeing albums by Patrice Rushen and The Dazz Band. Ernie Watts would later tour with The Rolling Stones, while Vander "Stars" Lockett would appear on Donald Fagen's 1982 solo debut, The Nightfly.
Reggie Andrews died at the age of 74 on June 23, 2022.

## Discography

* Celebration (Horizon/A&M, 1976)
* For Everybody (Horizon/A&M, 1977)
# Karmış

Karmış can refer to:
* Karmış, İskilip
* Karmış, Karaçoban
# Sakalis

Sakalis is a Greek surname (Σακαλής). Notable people with the surname include:
* Sofia Sakalis, Australian soccer player
* Roni Sakalis, alias of Rony Seikaly, Lebanese-American basketball player, while he was playing in Greece
* Dimitra Sakalis, Greek screenwriter, e.g., of Mavra Mesanychta
* Georgios Sakalis, Minister of State (Greece) in exile (1944)
# Curtarolo

Curtarolo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Padua in the Italian region Veneto, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Venice and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Padua. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,775 and an area of 14.9 square kilometres (5.8 sq mi).
Curtarolo borders the following municipalities: Campo San Martino, Limena, Piazzola sul Brenta, San Giorgio delle Pertiche, Vigodarzere.
# Makar Mela

Makar Mela is a traditional Hindu festival celebrated every 12 years in the month of Magh (Mid January-Early February) in Panauti town of Nepal. The festival attracts Hindu pilgrims from all over Nepal, India and some foreign tourists. Pilgrims believe that taking a dip in the holy river during the festival washes away their sins.
The festival is celebrated for the whole month of Magh at Tribenighat, the confluence of three rivers viz. Punyamati, Roshi (also called Lilawati) and Rudrawati. The festival starts when the sun enters Makar Rashi as per the Vedic astrology. Pilgrims bath in the river and worship Basuki Naag which is considered to be the caretaker of Panauti. Then the devotees proceed to worship Indreshwor Mahadev.

## Mythology

According to the mythology, once Indra, the king of heaven, suffered from an incurable disease. To cure it, he meditated for 12 years to get rid of disease by pleasing Shiva at Tribenighat. Shiva mixed some nectar in Rudrawati river to cure the disease. When Indra dipped in the river, he got cured. It is believed that every 12 years, the nectar flows in the river which will cure all the diseases.
Another mythology describes that the festival is celebrated from the time of king Dirgharath of Panauti and king Satyawar of Patan which they started to pray goddess Phulchowki for the rivers Roshi and Godawari.

## Others

* As a ritual, the festival was forbidden to be visited by the King of Nepal because the kings of Nepal and the main god of the festival - Vishnu were considered to be the same god. However, the last King of Nepal, Gyanendra visited the festival.
* Some environmental concerns have been raised because of the water pollution caused during the festival.

## Festival years

* 2066 B.S.
* 2078 B.S. (2021)
* 2090 B.S.
# Cupertino (disambiguation)

Cupertino is a suburb of San Francisco and San Jose, California.
Cupertino may also refer to:
* Cupertino effect, a common error in spell checkers
* Joseph of Cupertino (1603-1663), Italian Catholic saint
* Stevens Creek (California), formerly Cupertino Creek
# Cylinder Audio Archive

The Cylinder Audio Archive is a free digital collection maintained by the University of California, Santa Barbara Library with streaming and downloadable versions of over 10,000 phonograph cylinders manufactured between 1893 and the mid-1920s. The Archive began in November 2003 as the successor of the earlier Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Pilot Project.

## History

The pilot project began in 2002 to test the feasibility of digitizing cylinder recordings on a large scale for preservation and public access and explore issues related to the preservation and digitization of cylinder records. In 2003, the Institute for Museum and Library Services funded the Archive with a grant for $205,000 and between 2003 and 2005 UCSB library staff cataloged and digitized over 6,000 of the cylinder recordings in the library's collection using an archéophone, a modern electrical cylinder player designed in France by Henri Chamoux. The website was released to the public on November 16, 2005. Since outside project funding has ended a further 4,000 cylinders have been added to the archive.

## Scope

The Archive consists of a broad range of cylinder records manufactured between 1893 and the mid-1920s. The majority were produced by Edison Records in Orange, New Jersey, but the Archive also contains cylinders produced by the Columbia Phonograph Co., Indestructible Records and other companies. The majority of the cylinders feature music and include band recordings, popular songs, vaudeville, opera arias, and music for solo instruments such as banjo, violin and accordion, but the Archive also contains speeches, comedic monologues and home recordings.
The Archive currently holds only the cylinders in the collection of the UCSB Libraries. Other libraries, including the Library of Congress and Bowling Green State University, have contributed cylinders for preservation and digitization, as have private collectors. The Archive accepts donations of cylinders but at present does not add digital files of cylinders from other collections, the one exception being cylinders in the collection of John Levin.
# Cyclidia orciferaria

Cyclidia orciferaria is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1860. It is found in China (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan), Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia and Myanmar.
This species is different from other congeners in the following external characters: the apex of the forewing is falcate (sickle shaped); the wing colour is blackish brown; two bands covered with greyish-blue scales are present on the forewing, and the inner band is narrower and less distinct than the outer band; the discal spot of the forewing is yellowish brown, oblong, with a blackish brown narrow line medially; greyish-blue scales are covered on the submarginal lines of both wings, and often absent on the middle part of the hindwing.

## Subspecies

* Cyclidia orciferaria orciferaria (China)
* Cyclidia orciferaria diffusa Bryk, 1943 (Burma)
# Cyclidia diehli

Cyclidia diehli is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Lutz W. R. Kobes in 2002. It is found on Sumatra.