OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alkali metal halide

Alkali metal halides, or alkali halides, are the family of inorganic compounds with the chemical formula MX, where M is an alkali metal and X is a halogen. These compounds are the often commercially significant sources of these metals and halides. The best known of these compounds is sodium chloride, table salt.

## Structure

Most alkali metal halides crystallize with the face-centered cubic lattices. In this structure both the metals and halides feature octahedral coordination geometry, in which each ion has a coordination number of six. Caesium chloride, bromide, and iodide crystallize in a body-centered cubic lattice that accommodates coordination number of eight for the larger metal cation (and the anion also).

## Properties

The alkali metal halides exist as colourless crystalline solids, although as finely ground powders appear white. They melt at high temperature, usually several hundred degrees to colorless liquids. Their high melting point reflects their high lattice energies. At still higher temperatures, these liquids evaporate to give gases composed of diatomic molecules.
These compounds dissolve in polar solvents to give ionic solutions that contain highly solvated anions and cations. Alkali halides dissolve large amounts of the corresponding alkali metal: caesium is completely miscible at all temperatures above the melting point.
The table below provides links to each of the individual articles for these compounds. The numbers beside the compounds show the electronegativity difference between the elements based on the Pauling scale. The higher the number is, the more ionic the solid is.
| | | Alkali metals | Alkali metals | Alkali metals | Alkali metals | Alkali metals |
| | | Lithium | Sodium | Potassium | Rubidium | Caesium |
| Halogens | Fluorine | LiF (3.0) | NaF (3.1) | KF (3.2) | RbF (3.2) | CsF (3.3) |
| Halogens | Chlorine | LiCl (2.0) | NaCl (2.1) | KCl (2.2) | RbCl (2.2) | CsCl (2.3) |
| Halogens | Bromine | LiBr (1.8) | NaBr (1.9) | KBr (2.0) | RbBr (2.0) | CsBr (2.1) |
| Halogens | Iodine | LiI (1.5) | NaI (1.6) | KI (1.7) | RbI (1.7) | CsI (1.8) |
# Amos, Missouri

Amos is an unincorporated community in northwest Vernon County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
The community is approximately 1.5 miles east of the Missouri-Kansas border, approximately three miles north-northwest of Stotesbury, and about 16 miles northwest of Nevada. It is on the banks of Duncan Creek one mile north of that stream's confluence with the Little Osage River.

## History

Amos was platted in 1894 when the railroad was extended to that point. The community has the name of Amos Nickerson, a local merchant. A post office called Amos was established in 1893, and remained in operation until 1931.
In 1925, Amos had 31 inhabitants.
# Dinesh Keskar

Dinesh Keskar (born 25 July 1954) is senior vice president of sales in Asia-Pacific and India at Boeing Commercial Airplanes.

## Early life

Keskar was born in 1954 in Rajkot, India. His father was a teacher at the Dharmendra Singhji College, while his grandfather was a renowned academician and statistician. He is the second-born in his family and have two brothers; Nalini and Achyut. When Keskar was five, his family move to Amravati, Maharashtra where he and his brothers learned Marathi language.

## Education

At the Manibai Gujarati High School, Amravati, from which Keskar graduated after completing 8th grade, he was the top merit student. Upon completion, his father bought him a scooter before he died in a car accident in Mumbai. Dr. Keskar received his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology with a gold medal in 1975. He received his master's and doctorate degrees in aerospace engineering from the University of Cincinnati in 1976 and 1978, respectively, under the supervision of Neil Armstrong. While employed by Boeing, he received his Master's of Business Administration from City University of Seattle in 1987 and attended the Berkeley Executive Program at the University of California, Berkeley in 1994.

## Career

Keskar joined Boeing in June 1980 and since that year was promoted to various senior positions in fields of engineering, marketing and sales. From 1980 to 1986, he was a researcher and consultant in system identification, digital signal processing and control theory. Dinesh Keskar is known for the development of techniques to conduct flight tests by using its data to obtain airplane math models to simulate flight of such Boeing airliners as 737, 747, 757 and 767. Prior to his appointment at Boeing, Keslar used to work at the Flight Dynamics and Control Division of NASA's Langley Research Center.
From 1987 to 1995, Keskar was a director of International Sales, where he managed Boeing's airplane sales in India, and was responsible for managing negotiations between Boeing and government-operated Air India and Indian Airlines. From 1995 to 2000, Keskar served as president of Boeing India and since that year forward, was vice president for Sales and president of its Aircraft Trading. Until 2005, while serving on those posts, he was responsible for marketing of all types of aircraft, owned by Boeing, to customers worldwide.
In 2004 Keskar served as vice president of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, where he was responsible for overseeing commercial airliners sales in South and Southeast Asia. From 2009 and until February 2012 he served as vice president of Boeing International and president of Boeing India.

## Honors

* Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
# Dis (album)

Dis is an album by Norwegian jazz saxophonist Jan Garbarek, recorded for ECM in December 1976 and released in May the following year. Garbarek is backed by American jazz guitarist Ralph Towner, with a guest appearance from Den Norske Messingsekstett on brass.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
The Penguin Guide to Jazz selected Dis as part of its suggested Core Collection.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Jan Garbarek

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Jan Garbarek – soprano and tenor saxophones, wood flute
* Ralph Towner – 12 string guitar, classical guitar

#### Additional musicians

* Jan Erik Kongshaug – windharp ("Vandrere", "Viddene", "Dis")
** harp built by Sverre Larssen and recorded by Jan Erik Kongshaug; played by the wind
* Den Norske Messingsekstett – brass ("Skygger")

### Technical personnel

* Manfred Eicher – producer
* Jan Erik Kongshaug – recording engineer
* Barbara Wojirsch – layout
* Franco Fontana – photography
# Labidochromis pallidus

Labidochromis pallidus is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only known to occur around the Maleri Islands and around Thumbi West Island. This species can reach a length of 6.7 centimetres (2.6 in) SL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
# Mary-Ellis Bunim

Mary-Ellis Bunim (July 9, 1946 – January 29, 2004) was an American television producer and co-creator of MTV's The Real World and Road Rules.

## Biography

A native of Massachusetts, Bunim began her career in daytime dramas. She oversaw more than 2,500 hours of programming as executive producer of Search for Tomorrow (1974–1981), As the World Turns (1981–1984), Santa Barbara (1984–1987) and Loving (1989–1990). She subsequently developed numerous shows in her job as VP of tape programs for New World Entertainment.
Bunim founded Bunim-Murray with business partner Jonathan Murray. Agent Mark Itkin of the William Morris Agency put the two together to develop a scripted soap opera for MTV. When that was too expensive, they decided to try an unscripted soap and The Real World was born. "We knew within 20 minutes of shooting that we had a show," Bunim said.
Her company, Bunim/Murray Productions, spearheaded the reality show genre. Among the numerous other reality programs and reality game show programs that Bunim co-created over the years, include: Road Rules; Love Cruise; Making the Band; The Challenge (formerly known as Real World/Road Rules Challenge and spun off from The Real World and Road Rules); the reality feature film, The Real Cancun; the real-life daily syndication, Starting Over; as well as Fox's The Simple Life.

## Death

Bunim died in Los Angeles at 57, after a lengthy battle with breast cancer.
She is interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills).
Bunim and Murray were inducted into the Television Academy Hall of Fame in 2012.
# Silvia Mazzieri

Silvia Mazzieri (born 23 February 1993) is an Italian actress, especially known for her appearances in RAI television series.

## Life and career

Mazzieri was born on 23 February 1993 in Pisa to Adelina Maccari and Luciano Mazzieri. She spent her childhood and adolescence in Abbadia San Salvatore in Siena, along with her older brother, who has special needs. A competitive sprinter at a young age, she also showed an early aptitude for the show business.
While in high school, Mazzieri was encouraged by her family and entered the Miss Italia contest in 2010, where she was voted Miss Cinema.
Later, she began to study acting, initially in the theatre Il Genio della Lampada of Florence until 2011, then in the acting and voice acting academy Actor's Planet of Rome until 2014, and finally in Gisella Burinato’s C.I.A.P.A. Acting School in Rome until 2015. During those years, Mazzieri acted in advertisements and short film projects, including L'amore ormai (2014).
In 2015, she appeared in the sixth season of Provaci ancora prof! In 2015–2016, Mazzieri played Bella, the friend and later girlfriend of one of the main characters, in the second and third season of Braccialetti rossi. Mazzieri also worked in Il paradiso delle signore as Silvana Maffeis, a cineophile salesgirl and fan of Audrey Hepburn’s, who dreams of becoming a famous actress.
In 2017, she was in La strada di casa as a woman, Irene Ghilardi, carrying out an investigation into her brother's suspicious death.
In 2020, she started playing Alba Patrizi, a medical resident, in Doc - Nelle tue mani. In the same year, she started playing Giada Ruggero in Vivi e lascia vivere.
In 2021, she played Claudia in the movie Bentornato papà.
On 1 June 2022, Mazzieri gives birth to her first child, Greta.

## Filmography
### Film and television

| Year | Title | Role(s) | Notes |
| 2014 | Lobby Girls | Roberta | Short film |
| 2015 | Provaci ancora prof! | Ambra Fassone | Recurring role; 8 episodes |
| 2015–2016 | Braccialetti rossi | Bella | Main role (seasons 2–3); 13 episodes |
| 2015–2017 | Il paradiso delle signore | Silvana Maffeis | Main role (seasons 1–2); 40 episodes |
| 2017 | Once (In My Life) | Bea | Short film |
| 2017–2019 | La strada di casa | Irene Ghilardi | Main role; 24 episodes |
| 2020 | Vivi e lascia vivere | Giada Ruggiero | Main role; 12 episodes |
| 2020–2022 | Doc – Nelle tue mani | Alba Patrizi | Main role (seasons 1–2); 32 episodes |
| 2021 | Bentornato papà | Silvia | Film |
# Santabarbaraite

Santabarbaraite is an amorphous ferric hydroxy phosphate mineral hydrate that was discovered in Tuscany, Italy during 2000. It also can be found in Victoria, Australia and Lake Baikal, Siberia.
This phosphate mineral has a simplified formula Fe$_3$$^{+3}$(PO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_3$·5H$_2$O, which is the same formula of another non-amorphous phosphate mineral called allanpringite. Santabarbaraite occurs as pseudomorphic masses after vivianite (Fe$_2$$^{+3}$(PO$_4$)$_2$·8H$_2$O). In the process, monoclinic vivianite oxidizes to form the amorphous santabarbaraite. Pseudomorphism may be seen in Victoria, Australia, in Wannon Falls (originally a well-known locality for vivianite). It also may be seen at Lake Baikal, Siberia where the oxidized santabarbaraite may be seen as a rim surrounding vivianite due to exposure to air.

## Physical properties

Due to pseudomorphism, Santabarbaraite samples show elongated and flattened prism habits. The bulk crystal color is brown to light brown, but appears yellow brown when viewed under an optical microscope. The streak color of the mineral is yellow-umber. Santabarbaraite has a vitreous-to-greasy luster and shows no fluorescence under ultraviolet light. It is translucent and shows good parting along the cleavage of its original mineral vivianite at {010}. Santabarbaraite's density is 2.24 g/cm$^3$. The mineral is isotropic, with refractive index n=1.659.

## Taxonomy

Santabarbaraite is named after Santa Barbara, a mining district in Italy where, in 2000, the mineral was discovered and first described. The district name honors the saint of miners, Saint Barbara, which by association, makes santabarbaraite one of few minerals bearing the name of a woman.

## Geologic occurrence

Santabarbaraite occurs in several places. It occurs in the Valderno Superiore lignite-bearing basin in the Santa Barbara mining district, Tuscany, Italy. Santabarbaraite samples may be seen in Victoria, Australia, underlying Pliocene basalt beneath Wannon Falls. It also is found in samples from Lake Baikal, Siberia.

## Biological occurrence

Since its discovery in 2000, this mineral hydrate has been found in the teeth of a living organism, the Gumboot chiton.
# Seen It All (Jake Bugg song)

"Seen It All" is a song by British singer songwriter Jake Bugg. It was released as the sixth single from his self-titled debut album (2012). It was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 25 February 2013. The song has peaked at number 61 on the UK Singles Chart. The song features drumming from young musician Chris "Bodge" Dunkley, who had made a name for himself on the Hexham jazz scene. The song also features in the TV series Alex Rider, when sung by the title character during two interrogation scenes.

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Seen It All" was first released onto YouTube on 24 February 2013 at a total length of three minutes. The video features English actor Michael Socha. The video was filmed in various locations around Glasgow, including the Glasgow University Union and local beverage connoisseur Ciaran Anderson's flat.

## Charts

| Chart (2012) | Peak position |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 61 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| United Kingdom | 25 February 2013 | Digital download | Mercury Records |
# Slaves Mass

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Slaves Mass is a 1977 album by Brazilian composer and multi-instrumentalist Hermeto Pascoal. Recorded for Warner Bros. Records, the album featured some of the most beloved Brazilian musicians of the time.

## Track listing

| # | Title | Songwriters | Length |
| 1. | "Mixing Pot" ("Tacho") | Hermeto Pascoal | 9:18 |
| 2. | "Slaves Mass" ("Missa Dos Escravos") | Hermeto Pascoal | 4:19 |
| 3. | "Little Cry For Him" ("Chorinho Para Ele") | Hermeto Pascoal | 2:11 |
| 4. | "Cannon (Dedicated To Cannonball Adderley)" | Hermeto Pascoal | 5:20 |
| 5. | "Just Listen" ("Escuta Meu Piano") | Hermeto Pascoal | 7:08 |
| 6. | "That Waltz" ("Aquela Valsa") | Hermeto Pascoal | 2:46 |
| 7. | "Cherry Jam" ("Geléia De Cereja") | Hermeto Pascoal | 11:45 |
| | Bonus tracks | | |
| 8. | "Open Field" ("Campo Aberto") | Hermeto Pascoal | 4:25 |
| 9. | "Pica Pau (Take 1)" | Hermeto Pascoal | 14:20 |
| 10. | "Star Trap (Part 2)" | Hermeto Pascoal | 15:45 |
The bonus tracks were included in 2004, when the album was released on CD.

## Personnel

* Hermeto Pascoal: piano, keyboards, clavinet, melodica, soprano sax, flutes, acoustic guitar, twelve strings guitar and vocals (in "Cannon").
* Flora Purim: vocals (in "Slaves mass" and "Cannon").
* Airto Moreira: drums (all tracks except "Mixing pot", "Pica pau" and "Star trap"), percussion and vocals (in "Cannon").
* Chester Thompson: drums (in "Mixing pot", "Pica pau" and "Star trap").
* Ron Carter: acoustic bass (all tracks except "Mixing pot", "Pica pau" and "Star trap").
* Alphonso Johnson: electric bass (in "Mixing pot", "Pica pau" and "Star trap").
* Raul de Souza: trombone and vocals (in "Cannon")
* David Amaro: electric guitar, acoustic guitar and twelve strings guitar.
* Hugo Fattoruso: vocals (in "Cannon").
* Laudir de Oliveira: vocals (in "Cannon").
# Desmin-related myofibrillar myopathy

Desmin-related myofibrillar myopathy, is a subgroup of the myofibrillar myopathy diseases and is the result of a mutation in the gene that codes for desmin which prevents it from forming protein filaments, instead forming aggregates of desmin and other proteins throughout the cell.

## Presentation

Common symptoms of the disease are weakness and atrophy in the distal muscles of the lower limbs which progresses to the hands and arms, then to the trunk, neck and face. Respiratory impairment often follows.

## Genetics

There are three major types of inheritance for this disease: Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and de novo.
* The most severe form is autosomal recessive and it also has the earliest onset. It usually involves all three muscle tissues and leads to cardiac and respiratory failure as well as intestinal obstruction.
* Autosomal Dominant inheritance shows a later onset and slower progression. It usually involves only one or two of the muscle tissues.
* De novo diseases occur when a new mutation arises in the person that was not inherited through either parent. This form has a wide range of symptoms and varies depending on the mutation made.

## Pathophysiology

The sarcomeres become misaligned and result in the disorganization of muscle fibers. This mutation also results in muscle cell death by apoptosis and necrosis. The muscle cell may also be disorganized because the aggregates may interrupt other filament structures and/or normal cellular function.
Desminopathies are very rare diseases and As of 2004 only 60 patients have been diagnosed, however this number probably does not accurately represent the population due to frequent mis or under diagnosis.

## Diagnosis

Desminopathies are diagnosed by genetic analysis. Because mutations in several further genes might be pathogenic for skeletal and cardiac myopathies, gene panels or whole exome sequence analysis are mostly used. Sanger sequencing is consequently used to verify NGS-data.

## Treatment

There is currently no cure for the disease but treatments to help the symptoms are available.

## Prognosis

Prognosis strongly depends on which subtype of disease it is. Some are deadly in infancy but most are late onset and mostly manageable.
# Cross Hollow, Arkansas

Cross Hollow is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Arkansas, United States.
# Shoalhaven Heads

Shoalhaven Heads is a town in Shoalhaven, New South Wales, Australia. At the 2016 census, Shoalhaven Heads had a population of 3,059 people. It has a surfing beach, access to the Shoalhaven River and is surrounded by wineries.

## Geography

Shoalhaven Heads is a small rural holiday town. The town sits at the foot of Mount Coolangatta and is situated on both Seven Mile Beach and the mouth of the Shoalhaven River. It is served by the main Bolong Road, which runs from Gerroa to the north, to Bomaderry and Nowra to the south.
It is bounded by national park to the north, the Shoalhaven River to the south and farm land to the west. The town comprises family homes, weekenders and retirement homes.

## Population

In the 2016 Census, there were 3,059 people in Shoalhaven Heads. 78.8% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was England at 5.8%. 91.4% of people spoke only English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 30.8%, Anglican 28.7% and Catholic 19.1%.

## Attractions

Shoalhaven Heads is near Coolangatta Estate, which was once the home of the pioneer Alexander Berry.
# La Mosca y la Sopa

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
La mosca y la sopa (English: The fly and the soup) is the fifth album by Argentine rock band Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota, released in 1991. It was recorded through 1990 and 1991. This is the third Patricio Rey album to feature Lito Vitale on the keyboards.

## Background

La mosca y la sopa is often cited as a major influence in the early development of the band music. Commercially, it was one of the Patricio Rey's most successful album, topping the charts in several FM radios with songs as "Toxi-Taxi", "Mi perro dinamita" and "Un poco de amor francés".
The band presented La mosca y la sopa at the Estadio Obras Sanitarias in 1991, where had incidents with the police and the fans before the concert, where Walter Bulaccio was arrested, which ended with his death from severe injuries by the Police Repression.

## Track listing

* All songs were written by Solari/Beilinson, except "Mi perro dinamita", written by Semilla Buccarelli.

## Personnel
### Patricio Rey

* Indio Solari - Vocals
* Skay Beilinson - Guitars
* Semilla Buccarelli - Bass guitar, Piano on "Mi perro dinamita"
* Walter Sidotti - Drums and percussion
* Sergio Dawi - Saxophone

### Guests

* Luis "Mississippi" Robinson - Harp on "Tarea fina"
* Lito Vitale - Piano on "Blues de la artillería"

### Additional Personnel

* Rocambole - Art Cover and Design
* Mario Breuer, Roberto Fernadez and Gustavo Gaury - Engineers
* Poly - Management
# Alfred Jahn

Alfred Jahn (22 April 1915, Kleparów, near Lwów (L'viv) – 1 April 1999, Wrocław) was a Polish geographer, geomorphologist, polar explorer and rector of Wrocław University.

## Biography

He was born on 22 April 1915 in Kleparów, near Lwów (L'viv). He obtained a Masters of Science degree at the Jan Kazimierz University in Lwów in 1937. In the same year he took part in the First Polish West Greenland Expedition, organized by Aleksander Kosiba, which provided him with enough material for his PhD dissertation. Completed in 1939, it had the title "Investigations on the structure and temperature of soils in West Greenland".
Jahn survived the Nazi occupation of Poland by working as a feeder of lice at Rudolf Weigl's typhus research institute in Lwów. After the war he first worked in Lublin, at the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, and then in the reconstituted Wrocław University (which included a large number of the faculty from Jan Kazimierz University in Lwów who survived the war). In the 1950s he resumed his polar studies, participating in expeditions to Spitsbergen and the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund. He also conducted research in Siberia, Alaska and other parts of Scandinavia which made him one of the foremost polar geomorphologists in the world. He was made president (rector) of Wrocław University in 1962. In 1953 and 1980 Alfred Jahn published various works on the Polish part of the Sudetes Mountains emphasizing the role of climate in shaping the mountains.
In 1968, as a rector of Wrocław University, he made the decision to support the student strikes against Communist censorship. As a result, he lost his job. Likewise, during the martial law in Poland in 1982, he spoke out against the policies of the Jaruzelski government and was consequently removed by the authorities from his position as chair of the Committee on Polar Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
In 1972 he founded the Polar Club of the Geographical Society of Poland and served as its first president until 1982. Jahn retired in the 1990s but remained scholarly active until his death on 1 April 1999 in Wrocław.
Alfred Jahn was a member of the Polish Academy of Science, of Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, and the German Akademie Leopoldina. He published his memoirs, "Z Kleparowa w świat szeroki" (From Kleparow into the big wide world), in 1991.