OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gravity model

Gravity models are used in various social sciences to predict and describe certain behaviors that mimic gravitational interaction as described in Isaac Newton's laws of gravity. Generally, the social science models contain some elements of mass and distance, which lends them to the metaphor of physical gravity. A gravity model provides an estimate of the volume of flows of, for example, goods, services, or people between two or more locations. This could be the movement of people between cities or the volume of trade between countries.
A gravity model cannot accurately predict flows, but is instead a measure against which actual observed values can be compared, highlighting where those flows are unexpectedly high or low.
Social science gravity models:
* Gravity model of trade
* Trip distribution
* Gravity model of migration
* Two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method
* Reilly's law of retail gravitation
# Agency 30

Agency 30 is a First Nations reserve on the Aulneau Peninsula of Lake of the Woods in northwestern Ontario. It is shared by 13 First Nations:
* Animakee Wa Zhing 37 First Nation
* Big Grassy First Nation
* Buffalo Point First Nation
* Iskatewizaagegan 39 Independent First Nation
* Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing
* Naotkamegwanning First Nation
* Niisaachewan Anishinaabe Nation
* Northwest Angle 33 First Nation
* Obashkaandagaang Bay First Nation
* Ojibways of Onigaming First Nation
* Shoal Lake 40 First Nation
* Wabaseemoong Independent Nations and
* Anishinabe of Wauzhushk Onigum
# Agency Co-ordinating Body for Afghan Relief

The Agency Coordinating Body for Afghan Relief - ACBAR - (Pashto: د افغانانو د پاره د مرستو د انسجام اداره / Persian: اداره هماهنگی کمک ها برای افغان ها) is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) which was created to coordinate NGOs involved with humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan and for Afghan refugees in Pakistan.

## Background

ACBAR was created in August 1988, in response to the demand from the many aid agencies and their international donors for a coordinated approach to humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan and for Afghan refugees in Pakistan. The organization was originally based in Peshawar, Pakistan, where its main focus was coordinating NGOs' humanitarian response. Since it moved to Afghanistan, ACBAR provides the framework within which NGOs, the Afghan Government, the UN and bilateral donors can exchange information, share expertise and establish guidelines for a more coordinated, efficient and effective use of resources for aid to the Afghan people.
# Agency Creek

Agency Creek may refer to:
* Agency Creek (Idaho), a stream in Idaho
* Agency Creek (South Yamhill River tributary), a stream in Oregon
# Greek painting

Greek painting may refer to:
# Chennai–Tirupati MEMU

The Moore Market Complex–Tirupati MEMU is a MEMU passenger service belonging to Southern Railway zone that runs between Moore Market Complex and Tirupati in India. It was announced in 2013 rail budget.

## Service

The 66015/Moore Market Complex–Tirupati MEMU has an average speed of 37 km/h and covers 147 km in 4h. The 66014/Tirupati–Moore Market Complex MEMU has an average speed of 34 km/h and covers 147 km in 4h 15m. However after the CoVid pandemic, the train was re-introduced as a MEMU express special with train no 06727/06728 departing from MASS/TPTY respectively

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:
* Moore Market Complex
* Perambur
* Ambattur
* Avadi
* Arakkonam Junction
* Puttur
* Tiruchanur
* Tirupati

## Coach composition

The train uses either old generational MEMU which has 8 coaches or new generation MEMU (introduced by ICF ) which has 9 coaches out of which .6 are general coaches .3 are general ladies and first class coaches (it is 2 in the case of old gen MEMU)

## Direction reversal

The train reverses its direction 1 times:
* Renigunta Junction
# Green Mound

Green Mound is one of the largest Pre-Columbian shell mounds, or shell middens, in the United States. Located in Ponce Inlet, Florida, the peak of the mound is the highest elevation in the small city. While it once stood at forty feet above sea level, a combination of public works projects on the nearby roads and natural erosion have reduced the height of the mound by about 10 feet.
The mound was built by Native Americans of the late St. Johns II cultural period, as indicated by the finding of pre-Columbian "chalky ware" ceramics dating to later than 800 AD. These overlie earlier relics of the St. Johns I cultural period, the cultural period following the Archaic period. The St. Johns period was characterized by the introduction of mound-building and a more sedentary, rather than nomadic, lifestyle. The natives who once lived at this location were closely tied to both the nearby Atlantic Ocean and the resource-rich saltwater estuaries of the Halifax River immediately west of the mound. The mound formed from a combination of discarded oyster shells, clam shells, and other debris.
Whether or not the shell heaps scattered in coastal and riparian locations throughout Florida were natural deposits or of human origin remained a matter of debate in the mid-19th century, although Daniel Brinton had come to the conclusion by 1859 that the shell mounds on the east coast of Florida were the waste heaps of aboriginal groups that had accumulated over centuries. Initial studies of the Green Mound area were conducted in the early to mid-1940s by archeologist Dr. John Griffin, who found that the mound was in fact inhabited by its builders and their subsequent generations. Later excavation revealed multiple layers of clay floors, remnants of structural components such as postholes, and evidence of ash, fire pits and hearths at the site. It is thought that the dwellings that sat upon the mound were constructed of materials such as palmetto limbs and other local forms of timber such as oak. It is also inferred that due to the social structure that existed at the time, the inhabitation of the mound's top was reserved for the highest-ranking members (elites) of the community. The most likely inhabitants of these prime locations on top of the mound would have been tribal chiefs and religious leaders. Depending on their social status, other members of the community would have lived in areas closer to ground level.
The mound was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.
# Abubakar Kamara

Abubakar Kamara (born 19 August 1970) is a Sierra Leonean footballer. He played in 12 matches for the Sierra Leone national football team from 1994 to 1997. He was also named in Sierra Leone's squad for the 1994 African Cup of Nations tournament.
# David Crouch Marketing v Du Plessis

David Crouch Marketing CC v Du Plessis is a decision in South African labour law, handed down on 17 June 2009. The case was heard on 21 May 2009 in the Labour Court of South Africa, sitting in Johannesburg, by Judge Annali Basson. It concerned the enforceability of agreements in restraint of trade.

## Facts

On the return date of an interim order granted by the court to the applicant, the respondent, Mark du Plessis, opposed the confirmation of the order. In terms of the order, the respondent was interdicted
* from revealing or disclosing any of the applicant's confidential information, technical know-how and/or financial information;
* from competing with the business of the applicant for a period of three years; and
* from directly and indirectly—alternatively from unlawfully—competing with the applicant in breach of the respondent's restraint of trade covenant.

## Judgment

The court held that agreements in restraint of trade, voluntarily entered into pursuant to one's right to freedom to contract, are valid and enforceable unless the party seeking to escape this agreement can show that the agreement is unreasonable and therefore contrary to public policy. Whether or not the agreement is unreasonable should be evaluated taking into account all the circumstances of the case, including the relevant circumstances which exist at the time of the enforcement of the restraint of trade.
It will not be in the interest of public policy, the court found, to enforce a restraint of trade if it aims to prevent one party from participating in the commercial world after termination of their contractual relationship in the absence of a protectable interest of the erstwhile employer.
In casu, the court found that the applicant had failed to place evidence before the court to show that the information or business methods which it sought to protect were protectable. The interim order was therefore not confirmed.
# Dave Campbell (American football)

David C. Campbell (September 5, 1873 – June 30, 1949) was an American college football player who was a member of the Harvard Crimson football team of Harvard University. Campbell was selected as a consensus All-American at the end position for three consecutive years from 1899 to 1901. He was the captain of the undefeated 1901 Harvard Crimson football team that finished 12–0. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1958.
Campbell was born in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1873. He grew up in Worcester, Massachusetts, and played football at the Worcester Academy and Lawrence Scientific School. He enrolled at Harvard in his mid-20s and played for the Harvard Crimson football team from 1899 to 1901. As team captain, he led the 1901 Harvard team to an undefeated record and co-national championship. He was remembered as "one of the game's purest defensive stars in a pioneer era when defense dominated the competition." During his three years on the Harvard eleven, the team compiled a 32–1–1 record and recorded 26 shutout victories.
Campbell graduated from Harvard in 1902. With the outbreak of World War I, he worked in the manufacture of explosives in 1915 for the English and French governments. In 1916 and 1917, he manufactured flash powder for the United States government. When the United States entered the war, Campbell joined the Army and served in Europe with the 304th Tank Corps.
After World War I, Campbell worked as a mining engineer in North and South America. He later worked as an investment banker in Boston. He was affiliated with the Lever Brothers Company after retiring in the early 1940s. He died in 1949 at age 75 in Boston.
Campbell was posthumously inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1958.
# Dave Cameron (footballer)

David Anthony Cameron (born 24 August 1975) is a Welsh football manager and former professional footballer.
He played as a striker, notably in the Football League for Brighton & Hove Albion, Lincoln City and Chester City. He also played in Scotland for Falkirk, East Stirlingshire and St Mirren as well as spells in Non-league football with Worthing, Droylsden, Telford United, Tamworth and Halifax Town. He retired with Rhyl, but later had a spell as player/manager of Bradford Park Avenue.

## Playing career

Cameron began his career with local side Dunipace Juniors before moving to Falkirk. In the summer of 1995, he linked up with East Stirlingshire spending a season there before joining the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders as a driver. He spent three years in the military, combining this career with appearances in the East of Scotland Football League with the likes of Pencaitland & Ormiston and Whitehill Welfare. In February 1999 he joined St Mirren where he scored twice in ten appearances.
Cameron paid £1,400 in the summer of 1999 to buy himself out of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders in order to join Brighton & Hove Albion on a two-year contract. However, he struggled with the initial demands on full-time football, particularly his fitness and weight levels. However, having been threatened with the axe by manager Micky Adams, he began to come into form particularly impressing in the 2–2 home draw with Lincoln City on 23 November 1999. Finding goals elusive, his final game for Brighton against Hull City on 5 February 2000 saw him substituted after just twenty minutes and then be the subject of severe criticism from Brighton's assistant manager Alan Cork who stated that "Cameron was useless, full stop. If he wants to be a professional footballer he has got to liven up. On that performance it will be a long time before he plays again." Cork's comments caused controversy in the local media and Brighton manager Micky Adams was forced to defend Cork. At the end of February, Cameron spent a week on trial with Raith Rovers before moving to Worthing at the end of March. He would mark his home debut in spectacular fashion, scoring five times against Barton Rovers on 11 April 2000. His form for Worthing attracted attention and Lincoln City, remembering his performance against them the previous November, invited Cameron to trial for them in Grant Brown's testimonial game against Middlesbrough in May 2000. An impressive performance saw Cameron secure a two-year contract with the Imps.

## Managerial career

He served as Bradford Park Avenue manager in 2008, helping the team to win the Northern Premier League Division One North and promotion to Northern Premier League Premier Division. However, he resigned in November 2008 after a defeat to bottom-place side Witton Albion. In March 2010 Cameron joined the coaching staff at Droylsden where he played for 2 years.

## Honours
### Manager
#### Bradford Park Avenue

Northern Premier League Division One North: Champions 2007–08
# Great Basses Reef Lighthouse

Great Basses Reef Lighthouse is an offshore lighthouse in the south of Sri Lanka, operated and maintained by the Sri Lanka Ports Authority. It is located on a reef 13 km off the coast of Yala National Park, near Little Basses Reef Lighthouse. It is accessible only by boat. The two Basses lighthouses, 'Great' and 'Little', are among the most famous offshore lighthouses of Asia.

## History

The necessity of a lighthouse was acknowledged in 1856, a design of an iron tower on a granite base was suggested and costs began to be incurred with no results.$^{:ch7}$
A new design of the lighthouse by Alexander Gordon and James Nicholas Douglass was put forward in 1867 and approved. The executive engineer in charge was William Douglass, brother of James (later Sir James). Two steam vessels were used, each capable of carrying 120 tonnes of stone and each equipped with lifting gear,$^{:ch7}$ as each block weighs 2 to 3 tons. The first stone was laid in December 1870, the last in late 1872 and the light was lit in March 1873. The cost had been £63,000, of which £40,000 had been expended to no effect before Trinity House and William Douglass were involved.$^{:ch7}$
It withstood the force of the 2004 tsunami with only modest damage; it was repaired with assistance from the UK lighthouse authorities Trinity House and The Northern Lighthouse Board.
The reef is the site of the Great Basses wreck, an early 18th-century wreck of an Indian ship, carrying a treasure of silver rupees, that the science-fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke and Mike Wilson discovered in 1961.

### Lens

Great Basses was one of a limited number of lighthouses that were designed to house the large Hyperradiant Fresnel lenses that became available at the end of the 19th century. Four of these lenses were used in Sri Lankan lights, all made by Chance Brothers in England.
# Great Basin rattlesnake

The Great Basin rattlesnake (Crotalus lutosus) is a venomous pit viper species found in the Great Basin region of the United States.

## Taxonomy and naming

The Great basin rattlesnake was first formally named by Laurence Monroe Klauber in 1930 as a subspecies of Crotalus confluentus (now known as Crotalus viridis). It is commonly considered a subspecies of Crotalus oreganus. The type locality is "10 miles northwest of Abraham on the Road to Joy, Millard County, Utah."
The Grand Canyon rattlesnake (C. abyssus or C. oreganus abyssus) was subsumed within C. lutosus in 2016.

## Description

Adult specimens are 66–121 cm (26–48 in) in overall length, but rarely exceed 1 m (3 ft 3 in). The males grow larger than the females.
On the subject of scalation, one of the more distinctive characteristics of this subspecies is that it has three or more internasal scales – something that it has in common with C. viridis.
The color pattern usually consists of a buff, pale gray, pale brown, olive brown or yellowish brown ground color (hence the name, "lutosus," meaning "muddy"), overlaid with a series of 32-49 dorsal blotches. These blotches are dark brown to black in color, with pale centers and pale borders, and are often irregular in shape and wider than they are long. There is also a series of lateral blotches that are indistinct anteriorly, but become more distinct posteriorly and eventually merge with the dorsal blotches to form crossbands. Older specimens sometimes have a faded pattern, or they may have uniformly black blotches, with the dorsum of the head also being black.

## Distribution and habitat

The United States in the Great Basin region. Its range includes Idaho south of lat. 44° North, Utah west of long. 111° West, Arizona west and north of the Colorado River as well as the north rim of the Grand Canyon, the entire state of Nevada (excluding Esmeralda, Nye and Clark counties), California east of the Sierra Nevada from Lower Klamath Lake south to below Lake Mono, Oregon south and east of the line Upper Klamath Lake–Fort Rock–Burns–Council (Idaho).
Inhabits the dry and barren areas of the Great Basin region, being found on hills, summits and old lake benches. They are said to prefer southern exposures among rocks and boulders on hillsides and buttes, low foothills, mountainsides, open deserts, alfalfa fields and valley floors.
They are most commonly seen by humans while hiking but also on the side of the road at night looking for prey.

## Diet

Crotalus lutosus feeds on amphibians, reptiles, birds, bird eggs, and mammals.

## Reproduction

Young are born alive in broods of 3 to 13.

## Conservation status

The Great Basin rattlesnake is protected in Utah.
# Agnes of Nothing

Agnes of Nothing (French: Agnès de rien) is a 1950 French drama film directed by Pierre Billon and starring Danièle Delorme, Yvonne de Bray and Paul Meurisse. It is based on the novel of the same title by Germaine Beaumont. It was shot at the Billancourt Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Raymond Druart.

## Cast

* Danièle Delorme as Agnès de Chaligny
* Yvonne de Bray as Madame de Chaligny
* Paul Meurisse as Carlos de Chaligny
* Ketti Gallian as Alix
* Jane Morlet as La Jussaude
# Acalolepta javanica

Acalolepta javanica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1935. It is known from Java.
# Chen Yanyin

Chen Yanyin (or Chen Yan Yin 陈妍音) (born 1958) is a Chinese sculptor whose work was featured in the Chinese Fine Arts Chronicle, 2008. Her work was also part of "Between Ego and Society: An Exhibition of Contemporary Female Artists in China" at the Chicago Cultural Center.

## Biography

Chen Yanyin was born 3 October 1958 in Shanghai, China. She attended the Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts (now known as China Academy of Art) and graduated with a degree in fine arts from the sculpture department in 1988. In 2000 she completed a master's degree at the University of Sydney, Australia.
Chen had her first solo show, Box Series in 1994 at the Shanghai Oil Painting and Sculpture Institute and that same year also did her first collaborative show with Geng Jianyi 耿建翌, Shi Yong 施勇, and Yang Zhenzhong 杨振中 called The Date 26 November 1994 as a Reason. She has done many collaborative shows at galleries throughout the world including Bonn Women's Museum; Chasse Kazerne Fundament Foundation in Breda The Netherlands; the Chicago Cultural Center; grunt gallery in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Heyang Art Museum in Datong, China; Mo Space in Zhenzhou, China; Queensland Art Gallery, Taipei Fine Arts Museum, and numerous locations in her hometown of Shanghai. Her second solo show was entitled Diary and was held in Sydney.
Her work has been featured in many publications Art and Asia Pacific Journal (1994, 1995, and 1997), Contemporary Chinese Art Criticism Series: A Study on Women's Art in China (1999), The State of Chinese Avant-Garde Art: A Compilation of Interviews on Chinese Avant-Garde Art (2002), China Avant-Garde Art 1979–2004 (2006), as well as a significant number of exhibition catalogs.

## Selected works

* Northerner in Shanghai 5-B (1999).
* Parents repose high hopes in their children A (2000)
* Acrobatics B (2000)
* Shadow A-B (2000)
* Public Telephone 5-D (2000)
* Bus No. 21 (2006)
* 3 Girls in the Subway (2007)
* Take a Lift (2010)
# Chen Yanning

Chen Yanning (Chinese: 陈衍宁; born 1945) is a Chinese-American oil painter. Born in Guangzhou, Chen studied at Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts before graduating in 1965. He remained in the province working as a painter for the academy until 1986, when he emigrated to the United States to study at Oklahoma City University. His early Chinese works include the poster Chairman Mao Inspects the Guangdong Countryside (1972) and New Doctor of the Fishing Port (1973).
His commissioned portraitures include Queen Elizabeth (1999), Aung San Suu Kyi (1997) and Richard Branson.
# Chief Township, Mahnomen County, Minnesota

Chief Township is a township in Mahnomen County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 132 at the 2000 census.
Chief Township was named for an Ojibwe chieftain.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.2 square miles (94 km$^2$), of which 34.6 square miles (90 km$^2$) of it is land and 1.5 square miles (3.9 km$^2$) of it (4.18%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 132 people, 48 households, and 37 families residing in the township. The population density was 3.8 inhabitants per square mile (1.5/km$^2$). There were 55 housing units at an average density of 1.6 per square mile (0.62/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 85.61% White, 8.33% Native American, and 6.06% from two or more races.
There were 48 households, out of which 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.6% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% were non-families. 20.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.16.
In the township the population was spread out, with 29.5% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 123.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 126.8 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $29,792, and the median income for a family was $31,250. Males had a median income of $27,250 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the township was $11,825. There were 11.1% of families and 15.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including 14.3% of under eighteens and 10.5% of those over 64.
# Low Country

Low country is a large lowland. Specific uses are:
* Predominantly, South Carolina Lowcountry in the United States of America
* Low Countries, a historical region in Europe, although rarely used in this context
** see also Netherlands (terminology)
* Low Country, and old term for the Scottish Borders plus far Northern England region
* Low Country (album)
# Gornja Vrba

Gornja Vrba is a municipality in Brod-Posavina County, Croatia. There are 2,559 inhabitants in which 99% declare themselves Croats. (2001 census)
The people live in 2 naselja:
* Donja Vrba
* Gornja Vrba

## Notable residents

* Zvonko Brkić
# Damian Williams

Damon, Damion, Damien or Damian Williams may refer to:
* Damian "Football" Williams (born 1973), participant in 1992 Los Angeles Riots
* Damian Williams (lawyer) (born 1980), American lawyer and United States attorney for the Southern District of New York
* Damion Williams (born 1981), Jamaican soccer player
* Damian Williams (wide receiver) (born 1988), American football wide receiver
* Damien Williams (born 1992), American football running back