OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kumara haemanthifolia

Kumara haemanthifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asphodelaceae. It is a rare species of succulent plant, native to a few high, inaccessible mountain peaks in the Fynbos habitat of Western Cape, South Africa.

## Description

Kumara haemanthifolia is a small bunched plant, related to aloes, with greyish-green, tongue-shaped leaves that grow in a fan shape, similar to its sister species Kumara plicatilis, the fan-aloe. In fact, it looks very much like a diminutive, stemless form of the tree-like Kumara plicatilis. Its compact ranks of leaves are oblong and grey-green in colour, with bright red margins.
Small and close to the ground, it often escapes notice or is mistaken for a lily. In fact, its name "haemanthifolia" was given because of its resemblance to the popular Haemanthus bulbs.
It produces bright scarlet flowers at the end of winter (june up until August in its natural habitat).

## Distribution

Its natural range also nearly matches that of Kumara plicatilis (being the mountainous area from Stellenbosch through to Ceres) but Kumara haemanthifolia occurs further up on the mountain peaks than its larger sister species. The plant seems to prefer cold south-facing slopes with heavy winter rainfall. It grows in sheltered cracks in sandstone ridges, forming dense clumps.
Tucked inside crevices in its natural habitat it is very hardy - surviving both frost and fire. It has a large, strong root stock - meaning that the plant can re-sprout again, even after all of the plant above ground has been totally destroyed by veld fire.

## Cultivation

It is a very difficult plant to cultivate, and it usually soon dies if planted outside of its natural habitat.
# Kroukam v SA Airlink

Kroukam v SA Airlink (Pty) Ltd is an important case in South African labour law.

## Facts and argument

The Appellant was employed as a senior pilot. He was dismissed after being found guilty of insubordination and constituting a disruptive influence in the operations of the company. At the time of his dismissal he was also the chairperson of the Airlines Pilots Association (a trade union). He contended that his dismissal was in fact automatically unfair in terms of section 187(1)(d) of the Labour Relations Act, because he had been dismissed for union activities and for initiating litigation against the company on behalf of the union.

## Judgment

The court held the dismissal to have been automatically unfair as contemplated by section 187(1 )(d) of the LRA. In coming to this conclusion, the court cautioned against an argument that participation in trade-union activities destroys the trust relationship —
   In my view it would undermine the protection that the Constitution and the Act seek to confer on union officials or representatives and employees against victimization for the exercise of their constitutional and statutory rights to accept a proposition the effect of which would be that an employer may destroy a trust relationship by victimizing an employee and then benefit from such illegitimate and unlawful conduct. The proposition that even if the court concluded that the employee was indeed dismissed for an illegitimate and unlawful or unconstitutional reason, he must still lose his job because the illegitimate conduct of the employer has destroyed such trust relationship is, in my view, unacceptable as a matter of policy. An employer who acts in breach of such fundamental rights must, as a matter of policy, not be allowed to benefit from his unacceptable conduct. An approach of a court which allows such conduct to prevail may itself be in conflict with some of the values and principles which make up the foundation of our post-apartheid society.
# Shiloh Church

Shiloh Church may refer to:
* Shiloh Church (Springdale, Arkansas), listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in Washington County
* Shiloh Communities, Shiloh Trust, and Shiloh Church, one of the oldest continuously-operating communes in the United States, in Sulphur Springs, Arkansas
* Shiloh Meeting House and Cemetery, Ireland, Indiana, NRHP-listed in Dubois County
* Shiloh Primitive Baptist Church, NRHP-listed in Johnston County, North Carolina, near Brogden, North Carolina
* Shiloh Church (Newport, Rhode Island), NRHP-listed in Newport County
* Shiloh Methodist Church, in Inman, South Carolina, NRHP-listed in Spartanburg County
* Shiloh Church, a landmark in the Battle of Shiloh
# Digby Courier

The Digby Courier was a weekly community newspaper published in Digby, Nova Scotia.

## History

Established in 1874 by R.S. McCormick, it served Digby County and was owned by TC Transcontinental. In January 2016, it was merged with two other weekly newspapers, the Yarmouth Vanguard and the Shelburne Coast Guard, to form the Tri-County Vanguard. The last issue of the Digby Courier was published on January 28, 2016.
# Digallane

Digallane (systematically named digallane(6)) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula GaH$_2$(H)$_2$GaH$_2$ (also written [{GaH$_2$(μ-H)}$_2$] or [Ga$_2$H$_6$]). It is the dimer of the monomeric compound gallane. The eventual preparation of the pure compound, reported in 1989, was hailed as a "tour de force." Digallane had been reported as early as 1941 by Wiberg; however, this claim could not be verified by later work by Greenwood and others. This compound is a colorless gas that decomposes above 0 °C.

## Preparation

A two-stage approach proved to be the key to successful synthesis of pure digallane. Firstly the dimeric monochlorogallane, (H$_2$GaCl)$_2$ (containing bridging chlorine atoms and thus formulated as (H$_2$Ga(μ-Cl))$_2$) was prepared via the hydrogenation of gallium trichloride, GaCl$_3$, with trimethylsilane, Me$_3$SiH. This step was followed by a further reduction with Li[GaH$_4$] (lithium tetrahydrogallate), solvent free, at −23 °C, to produce digallane, Ga$_2$H$_6$ in low yield.
    Ga$_2$Cl$_6$ + 4 Me$_3$SiH → (H$_2$GaCl)$_2$ + 4 Me$_3$SiCl
    (H$_2$GaCl)$_2$ + 2 Li[GaH$_4$] → 2 Ga$_2$H$_6$ + 2 LiCl
Digallane is volatile and condenses at −50 °C into a white solid.

## Structure and bonding

Electron diffraction measurements of the vapour at 255 K established that digallane is structurally similar to diborane with 2 bridging hydrogen atoms (so-called three-center two-electron bonds). The terminal Ga-H bond length is 152 pm, the Ga-H bridging is 171 pm and the Ga-H-Ga angle is 98°. The Ga-Ga distance is 258 pm. The $^1$H NMR spectrum of a solution of digallane in toluene shows two peaks attributable to terminal and bridging hydrogen atoms.
In the solid state, digallane appears to adopt a polymeric or oligomeric structure. The vibrational spectrum is consistent with tetramer (i.e. (GaH$_3$)$_4$). The vibrational data indicate the presence of terminal hydride ligands. In contrast, the hydrogen atoms are all bridging in α-alane, a high-melting, relatively stable polymeric form of aluminium hydride wherein the aluminium centers are 6-coordinated. Digallane decomposes at ambient temperatures:
    Ga$_2$H$_6$ → 2 Ga + 3 H$_2$
# Shimbun Akahata

Shimbun Akahata (しんぶん赤旗, Shinbun Akahata, lit. 'Newspaper Red Flag') is the daily newspaper of the Japanese Communist Party (JCP) in the form of a national newspaper. It was founded in 1928 and currently has both daily and weekly editions.
Akahata has journalists based in the capitals of ten countries around the globe. They are Beijing, Berlin, Cairo, Hanoi, London, Mexico City, Moscow, New Delhi, Paris, and Washington, D.C. Japan Press Weekly is the newspaper's English edition.

## History

The newspaper was founded in 1928, six years after the establishment of the JCP. It was banned in Japan because it was viewed as subversive, forcing it to operate underground. The newspaper was legalized along with the JCP during the American occupation of Japan.

## Content

Some of their journalism deals with activist politics, but they also do original reporting on a wide variety of political issues which are often untouched in Japan. Most Japanese newspapers publish the names of alleged criminals, but Akahata often declines to publish their names, unless they are related to organized crime or right-wing activities. They also go out of their way to avoid using polite terms for the Emperor of Japan; for example, the paper refers to the Emperor's Cup exclusively as "a Japanese soccer tournament". They refer to the Buraku Liberation League as the "Liberation" League, using scare quotes to convey their opposition to the group.

## Circulation over time

In 1959, Akahata had a daily circulation of around 40,000. By the end of 1960, as a result of recruitment drives conducted in conjunction with the 1960 Anpo Protests, circulation soared to around 100,000. By 1970, the newspaper had over 400,000 subscribers to its daily edition, and more than 1 million subscribers to its Sunday edition. In the early 1990s, daily subscribers were over 3 million. However, by 2007, daily circulation had fallen to around 1.6 million, and fell further to around 1.0 million by 2019. As of 2024, it has a circulation of 850,000.
# Shidaidaka

Shidaidaka (次第高) are a yōkai of the Chūgoku region.

## Summary

They are told about in the Tottori Prefecture, in Niyomiya, Atoichi, and Tsunozu of Gōtsu, Shimane Prefecture, Iwakuni, Asa District, and Abu District of Yamaguchi Prefecture, the Hiroshima Prefecture, the Okayama Prefecture, etc.
It is a humanoid yōkai that appears above roads, and when those that see it look up, the shidaidaka would accordingly grow taller. In reverse, if one looks down it becomes shorter, but if one doesn't look down, it would steadily grow taller.
Therefore, if one ever meets a Shidaidaka, then one must never look up. In reverse, if one looks further and further downwards, the shidaidaka would steadily become smaller, and then disappear. In Sakurae, Ōchi District, Shimane Prefecture (now Gōtsu), in a place called Kawato, when a shidaidaka appears, one must never look at it from beneath one's thighs. It is a type of mikoshi-nyūdō, and is thus of the same type as the taka-nyūdō [ja], the nyūdō-bōzu, the nobiagari [ja], etc.
According to a folktale in Hazumi, Ōchi, Shimane Prefecture, it is said that when one goes out on a hunt, whatever spoils one gets, it is best to leave at least one last bullet to prepare for when a shidaidaka would appear in order to kill it. In Matsukawa, Gōtsu, Shidaidaka are also said to be the boss of nekomata, and when a certain hunter went to bring down a shidaidaka, its true form was, as thought, a nekomata.
Also, in the Shimane Prefecture, there is also a legend about a strange occurrence that has a similar name, the "shidaizaka" ("しだい坂"). When a person walks on a path towards Sanbe Mountain [ja], the path steadily becomes more inclined, and when someone becomes surprised and looks upward, the entire hill becomes larger, and thus traps that person, but there is a theory that this legend comes from the shidaidaka, with changes in its name and content.
# Dick Penn

Alfred Penn (6 January 1855 – 18 October 1889), known as Dick Penn, was an English amateur cricketer who played for Kent County Cricket Club from 1875 to 1884.
Penn was born at The Cedars in Lee in what is now south-east London but was historically part of Kent. He was the son of John Penn, a manufacturer of marine engines with works in Deptford and Greenwich. His brothers Frank and William were both cricketers whilst another brother, John, was the Member of Parliament for Lewisham from 1891 to 1903.
Penn made his first-class cricket debut for Kent in July 1875, playing against Sussex at Hove. He went on to play a total of 48 first-class matches, 41 of which were for Kent.
Penn died at Lee in October 1889 at the age of 34.
# Dinçer

Dinçer is a surname of Turkish origin and may refer to:
* Haluk Dinçer (born 1962), Turkish businessman
* Kemal Dinçer (born 1963), Turkish basketball player
* Ömer Dinçer (born 1956), Turkish politician
* Semra Dinçer (1965-2021), Turkish actress
* Semra Dinçer (politician), Turkish politician (born 1966)
* Suzan Sabancı Dinçer (born 1965), Turkish businesswoman
# Consumer Watchdog (Botswana)

Consumer Watchdog is a division of Business & Enterprise Solutions Botswana (Pty) Ltd, a privately owned company registered in Botswana and based in Gaborone.
With a weekly newspaper column in the country's best-selling newspaper The Voice, as well as a blog, and a Facebook groupof over 200,000 members Consumer Watchdog has a wide reach regarding consumer issues in Botswana.
Originally set up in 2004, Consumer Watchdog has the following stated aims:
* To campaign for legislation to protect the consumer
* To represent consumers and advocate on their behalf
* To make service providers in Botswana accountable
* To educate consumers about their choices, their rights, their responsibilities
Services delivered by BES, the parent company of Consumer Watchdog, include customer service training, organisational review and mystery shopping.
On 31 May 2007, Consumer Watchdog celebrated its second birthday party, with the President of Botswana Festus Mogae as guest of honour. 180 customer service champions were celebrated in front of the president, the press and the people.
Consumer Watchdog representatives have worked widely with companies in Botswana and southern Africa, including major banks in Botswana. They also work with the government, insurance companies, retail outlets and restaurants.
# Curienne

Curienne (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Curièna) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France. In 2019, it had a population of 678.
# Courtney Boyd Myers

Courtney Boyd Myers is an American entrepreneur. She is known for founding Audience.io, a consulting firm designed to create parity between tech start-ups in New York City and London.
From 2007-2009, Boyd Myers worked for Forbes as a technology and opinions reporter. She later worked as the East Coast Editor of The Next Web, covering global technology trends, web startups and Internet entrepreneurs. Boyd Myers created the 3460 miles newsletter, focussing on linking the New York City and London tech start-up scenes. Following this, in 2013 she launched the consulting firm Audience.io to help New York City and London-based technology start-ups grow internationally by providing strategy around media and content, business development, and product management. She is a member of 10 Downing and Tech City’s Advisory Board and a mentor at Seedcamp, Ignite100, and BBCWorldWideLabs.
Currently, Boyd Myers is the CEO/CMO of AKUA, a company that makes kelp-based meat alternatives. She established the company in 2017 with the aim of creating a more environmentally friendly option to conventional meat-based items. The company currently manufactures substitutes for burgers, jerky, and ground meat.
# Cortodera

Cortodera is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Cortodera barri Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera bivittata Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera coniferae Hopping & Hopping, 1947
* Cortodera cubitalis (LeConte, 1861)
* Cortodera falsa (LeConte, 1860)
* Cortodera ferrea Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera fraudis Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera funerea Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera impunctata Hopping & Hopping, 1947
* Cortodera longicornis (Kirby in Richardson, 1837)
* Cortodera militaris (LeConte, 1850)
* Cortodera nitidipennis (Casey, 1913)
* Cortodera placerensis Hopping & Hopping, 1947
* Cortodera pseudomophlus (Reitter, 1889)
* Cortodera robusta Hopping & Hopping, 1947
* Cortodera spuria (LeConte, 1873)
* Cortodera stolida (Casey, 1924)
* Cortodera subpilosa (LeConte, 1850)
* Cortodera thorpi Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera tuberculicollis Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
* Cortodera vanduzeei Linsley & Chemsak, 1972
# Cortodera cubitalis

Cortodera cubitalis is a species of longhorn beetle in the genus Cortodera.
# Maciej Małyga

Bishop Maciej Małyga (born 11 May 1979) is a Polish Roman Catholic prelate, who currently serves as the Titular Bishop of Ulcinium and Auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław since 10 March 2022.

## Early life and education

Małyga was born in Środa Śląska in the Roman Catholic family. After graduation of the primary school education in 1994 and the classical liceum #12 in Wrocław in 1998, he joined Major Theological Seminary in Wrocław, Poland (1998–2004) and was ordained as a priest for the Archdiocese of Wrocław on 22 May 2004 at the Wrocław Cathedral by archbishop Marian Gołębiewski, after completed his philosophical and theological studies.

## Pastoral and educational work

In the years 2004–2006 he was an assistant priest in the parish of St. John the Apostle and Evangelist in Oleśnica. During 2006–2012 he continued his postgraduate studies at the University of Freiburg, Germany and in 2012 he obtained a Doctor of Theology degree and began lecturing at the Pontifical Faculty of Theology in Wrocław.
After returning from studies, he became a spiritual director at the Major Theological Seminary in Wrocław. In 2019 he became the bishop's vicar for the permanent formation of priests. He was also elected to the Priestly Council and appointed director of the House of Permanent Formation of Priests in Sulistrowiczki. In 2021, he became a spiricual director for the propaedeutic year in the Archdiocese of Wrocław.

## Prelate

On 10 March 2022 Fr. Małyga was appointed by Pope Francis as an auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław and Titular Bishop of Ulcinium. On 24 April 2022 he was consecrated as bishop by Archbishop Józef Kupny and other prelates of the Roman Catholic Church in the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Wrocław.
Bishop Małyga was appointed as a vicar general of the Archdiocese of Wrocław.
# S v Van Zyl

S v Van Zyl is an important case in South African law, heard in the Orange Free State Provincial Division by Steyn J and Malherbe J on 10 February 1986, with judgment handed down on 27 February. The court found that the crime of arson can be committed by a person who sets fire to his own immovable property with the intention of harming another in his property.
# Kandlein of Regensburg

Kandlein of Regensburg (d. after 1358) was a German–Jewish moneylender.
She was a prominent businessperson and among the largest taxpayers in Regensburg as a widow. She was also elected one of the appointed leaders of the Regensburg Jewish community, an office she held for at least two years. She was also elected leader of the group that set the taxes for the Jews, and regulated which Jews should be allowed to settle in Regensburg, and how much they should pay for the privilege.
# Alp

Alp may refer to:
* Alp, any mountain in the Alps
* Alp (name), including people so named
* Alp (folklore), a creature of German myth
* Alp, Spain, a town in Catalonia
* Alp (river), Switzerland
* Alpine pasture or alp
* Alpine meadow or alp
* Alıp or Alp, an Ottoman title
# Macnamara, Australian Capital Territory

Macnamara (postcode: 2615) is a suburb in the Belconnen district of Canberra, located within the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The suburb is part of the West Belconnen / Parkwood cross-border development near the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales border.

## History

Macnamara is situated in the Ngunnawal traditional Aboriginal country. The origin of the suburb name is from Dame Jean Macnamara, an Australian medical doctor and scientist. Jean Macnamara was a highly regarded individual for her work at the Royal Children's Hospital in Parkville, Victoria, as well as her work in the development of polio vaccines. The suburb was gazetted in 2016.

## Development

The development of the suburb is a joint project titled Ginninderry by the Australian Capital Territory government and Riverview Developments. The development is to include housing, retail and community infrastructure. Macnamara has also been designated as a cat containment suburb by the ACT government.
# Kamalapuram, Kadapa

Kamalapuram is a Town in YSR Kadapa district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Kamalapuram mandal of Kadapa revenue division and is the Thaluka headquarter of Kamalapuram assembly constituency.

## About

According to Census 2011 information the location code or village code of Kamalapuram village is 593294. Kamalapuram village is located in Kamalapuram Tehsil of Y S R district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is situated 26 km away from district headquarters. Kamalapuram is the sub-district headquarter of Kamalapuram village. As per 2009 stats, Kamalapuram village is also a gram panchayat and is upgraded as Nagar Panchayat in 2019 merging nearby villages. Kamalapuram is popular for Darga-e-Gaffaria situated within the town. The annual 'Urusu' festival is celebrated for three days in the months of March and April.
The total geographical area of the village is 1778 hectares. Kamalapuram has a total population of 20,623 people. There are about 4,687 houses in Kamalapuram village. Kadapa is the nearest town to Kamalapuram, which is approximately 26 km away. Kamalapuram town is surrounded by the Papagni river on east, Kunderu river joins the Penna river on the north, and in few kilometers away papagni joins Penna river thus forming tri- river junction. Kamalapuram town is surrounded by the rich fertile agriculture land. Kamalapuram town is located on Tirupathi- Gunthakal highway. The nearest railway station is kamalapuram railway station. Kadapa airport is 23 km away from the town. Population of Kamalapuram Total Population = 20,623 Male Population = 10,018 Female Population = 10,605 Literacy rate stands at 70.52%. Child age(0-6) constitute 11.27 with 2324 members with child sex ratio 946.
Connectivity of Kamalapuram: Public Bus Service, Private Bus Service, Railway Station
Nearby Villages of Kamalapuram: Yerraguntla, Kokatam, Sambatur, Vibharampuram, Gangavaram, Mirapuram, C.Gopalapuram, Pachikalapadu, Yerragudipadu, Pandillapalle, Nallingayapalle, Chinnacheppali, Peddacheppali, Kuppurompalli

## Geography

Kamalapuram is located at 14°35′00″N 78°39′00″E﻿ / ﻿14.5833°N 78.6500°E﻿ / 14.5833; 78.6500. It has an average elevation of 134 meters (442 feet).

## Demographics

Kamalapuram has a population of 20,623 as of 2011 census. Of which males constitute 10018, and females 10605 with sex ratio of 1059 females per 1000 males. Literacy rate stands at 70.52%. Child age(0-6) constitute 11.27 with 2324 members with child sex ratio 946.
# SK Blāzma (floorball club)

SK Blāzma was a Men's Highest Floorball League of Latvia team based in Rēzekne, Latvia.

## Goaltenders

* 1 Valdis Jukna
* 2 Deniss Višņakovs
* 16 Valērijs Bodnieks
* 55 Alesis Cibanjuks

## Defencemen

* 6 Vitālijs Terezkins
* 7 Romāns Gemma
* 9 Dairis Dikuļs-Dikaļs
* 14 Ēriks Čate
* 25 Artūrs Satkuns
* 68 Jurijs Ivenkovs
* 86 Intars Bērziņš

## Forwards

* 8 Andrejs Cvetkovs
* 10 Igors Kalnačs
* 11 Maksims Terehovs
* 12 Aleksandrs Kotovs
* 14 Ēriks Čate
* 15 Pavel Semenov
* 20 Viktors Počkajevs
* 21 Deniss Kotovs
* 22 Valeriy Maslov
* 30 Roman Druzhininskiy
* 33 Aleksandrs Grehovs
* 77 Evgenijs Saveļjevs
* 99 Valērijs Brīvers
# Alpinia petiolata

Alpinia petiolata, the stalked-leaved alpinia, is a species of ginger native to Peninsular Malaysia. It was first described by John Gilbert Baker.
# Alteveer, Noordenveld

Alteveer is a hamlet in the Netherlands and it is part of the Noordenveld municipality in Drenthe.
Alteveer is not a statistical entity, but does have its own postal code. It was first mentioned in the 1850 and means "all too far", because it was not well connected to the outside world.
Alteveer is located outside the built-up area, and is home to an estimated 100 people. The first buildings were sod houses which were later replaced by little stone farms. Nowadays it has become an expensive suburban area of Roden because of its serene quietness and forests.