OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Simonetta Bernardi

Simonetta Bernardi (23 January 1940 – 13 February 2021) was an Italian historian and academic. She taught at the Sapienza University of Rome and at Roma Tre University.

## Biography

Bernardi graduated from the Vatican School of Palaeography, Diplomatics and Archives Administration [it] in 1965 with a degree in medieval history. Much of her research focused on that of Italian Jews during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, a large proportion of which was on behalf of Tel Aviv University. She also covered the Marche region in medieval Italy's economic sphere, as well as the role of women in the workplace in the area. In these studies, she worked with the International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions and other national societies.
Simonetta Bernardi died in Rome on 13 February 2021 at the age of 81.

## Works

* Le pergamene del Monastero di Santa Caterina (1983)
* Note sulla comunità ebraica di Cingoli nel Medioevo (1986)
* Esempi di assistenza a Cingoli nel secolo XIII: gli ospedali di Spineto e di Buraco (1986)
* Nobiltà feudale ed istituzionale nel comitato di Osimo fra XIII e XV secolo: esempi nel ceto dirigente del Comune di Cingoli, in Dimensioni e Problemi della ricerca storica (1993)
* Presenze ebraiche nelle Marche: un caso nella Valle del Fiasta (1993)
* La religione e il trono: Pio VIII nell'Europa del suo tempo: convegno di studi (1993)
* Gli ebrei nella società maceratense fra XIV e XV secolo (1995)
* La presenza dimenticata: il femminile nell'Italia moderna fra storia, letteratura, filosofia (1996)
* Monasteri femminili di Cingoli nei secoli XIII-XIV (2001)
* Un territorio, una città: l'evoluzione di Cingoli fra X e XII secolo (2005)
* Mala tempora per gli ebrei nella Marca Anconetana: alcuni documenti della metà del XVI secolo, in Una manna buona per Mantova, Studi in onore di Vittore Colorni (2004)
* Nuovi spunti di ricerca per la questione ebraica nel Medio Evo (2005)
* Da municipium romano a castrum medievale: Cingulum nella guerra gotica (2006)
* I medici nella società comunale: appunti da documentazione marchigiana
* L'Archivio storico del comune di Cingoli (2020)
# Heinz Tetzner

Heinz Tetzner (8 March 1920 – 20 August 2007) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker. Tetzner was born in Gersdorf (Saxony). He died in Gersdorf 2007.
* This article about a German painter is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Hot Dogs + Donuts

Hot Dogs + Donuts is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on August 25, 1998 on the Oglio Records label.

## Track listing

* Poops & Probes
* Jammers & Geniuses
* Smooches & Stammers
* Munchers & Mares
* Nips & Necklaces
* Odors & Officers
* Eaters & Errors
* Contemplators & Calculators
* Abstainers & Architects
* Condiments & Compliments
* Barf & Breadwinners
* Humpers & Holders
* Clammers & Chubbies
* Turds & Trims
* Chasers & Cruisers
* Pullers & Puppets
* Gamblers & Grunters
* Pooches & Perverts
* Semen & Showmen
* Gigolos & Gourmets
* Pharmacists & Fishes
* Polin' The Colon
* Squirters & Soilers
* Siblings & Surprises
* Leches & Lures
* Tears & Trades

## Background

In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, What Did You Expect? He released two more albums, 1980's Goin' Ape! and 1981's Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well. Martling sent all three records to fledgling New York City disk jockey Howard Stern. By 1986, he was a full-time member of Stern's show, later becoming the program's head writer. Martling maintained a steady schedule of live dates while working with Stern, recording Sgt. Pecker, F Jackie, and The Very Best of Jackie Martling's Talking Joke Book Cassettes, Vol. 1. Hot Dogs + Donuts is the third CD from Martling's Stern era.

## Description

Hot Dogs + Donuts was recorded live at Chuckles, Mineola, Long Island; The Comedy Palace, Andover, Massachusetts; and David Brenner's Laugh House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between November 27, 1996 and March 5, 1998. The producer was Carl Caprioglio.
Martling sketches out the details of the album's origins:
"Since the girls at the telemarketing company I was using then wouldn't say 'Sergeant Pecker,' I told the crowds at the tapings for the next CD that I decided to make it a bit more cryptic and call the next one Hot Dogs & Donuts, figuring if somebody made something sexual of it that it was as much them as it was me. I recorded Hot Dogs & Donuts at The Comedy Palace in Andover, Massachusetts. Ron Sava's club always had the kind of buzz that I could only always count on in a few places. One of the others was Rascals in West Orange, where they taped the "Stump The Joke Man" footage that's on the DVD we included with Snart. I had edited almost the entire Hot Dogs & Donuts CD when I performed at The Comedy Palace again. From listening for hours and hours as I edited, the jokes were even more deeply & perfectly engrained in my little head, so I blasted away at those crowds like never before. The tapes from that weekend pushed the older tapes off the shelf and I started editing again. But that editing was minimal. The finished product is pretty funny and a healthy leap dirtier than the first two CD's. Not by design, it just is."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| Daily Vault | A− link |
# Edmond Jaloux

Edmond Jaloux (19 June 1878, Marseille – 22 August 1949, Lutry) was a French novelist, essayist, and critic. His works tended to be set in Paris or his native Provence. He was interested in German Romanticism and English writers. In 1936 he joined the Académie française. He died in Switzerland in 1949.
# Heptapleurum palmiforme

Heptapleurum palmiforme is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae. It is endemic to Vietnam. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Meridian Gate

The Meridian Gate or Wumen (simplified Chinese: 午门; traditional Chinese: 午門; pinyin: Wǔmén; Manchu: ᠵᡠᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡴᠠ; Möllendorff: julergi dulimbai duka) is the southern and largest gate of the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. Unlike the other gates of the Forbidden City, the Meridian Gate has two protruding arms on either side, derived from ancient que towers traditionally used to decorate the main entrances of palaces, temples and tombs. The gate has five arches. The three central arches are close together in the main, central section; the two flanking arches are farther apart from the three central arches, and are located between the central section and the protruding arms. The centre arch was formerly reserved for the Emperor alone; the exceptions were the Empress, who could enter it once on the day of her wedding, and the top three scholars of the triennial civil service examinations, who left the exams through the central arch. All other officials and servants had to use the four side arches.
A series of buildings form the superstructure of the gate. The central one is a pavilion of nine bays wide, with double eaves. On each of the protruding side, a 13 bays-long building with a single eave, connects the two pyramidal-roofed pavilions that represented the que towers.
Its superstructure is also called the "Five Phoenix Turrets" because it is composed of five buildings. Imperial proclamations and almanacs were issued from the gate house. After successful campaigns, the Emperor received prisoners of war here, sometimes followed by mass decapitations.
Although urban myth has it that senior officers were executed here in Imperial China; in reality only corporal punishment was actually carried out.
Behind the viewer is Upright Gate, the principal entrance to the imperial palace grounds.
When proceeding northward through the palace grounds, the next major gate encountered is the Gate of Supreme Harmony.
# Maurice Day

Maurice Day may refer to:
* Maurice Day (bishop of Clogher) (1843–1923), Anglican bishop
* Maurice Day (bishop of Cashel and Waterford) (1816–1904), Church of Ireland bishop
* Maurice Day (Dean of Waterford) (1858–1916), Irish Anglican priest
* Maurice William Day (1858–1916), Irish Anglican priest
* Maurice "Jake" Day (1892–1983) American illustrator
# Alona hercegovinae

Alona hercegovinae is a species of crustacean in the family Chydoridae. It is endemic to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its natural habitat is inland karsts.
# Metadrinomyia

Metadrinomyia is a genus of parasitic flies in the family Tachinidae. There are at least four described species in Metadrinomyia.

## Species

These four species belong to the genus Metadrinomyia:
* Metadrinomyia argentea Shima, 1980
* Metadrinomyia flavifrons
* Metadrinomyia proclinata Shima, 1980
* Metadrinomyia xanthokolos
# Altus AVA

The Altus AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in the Arkansas River Valley in Arkansas near the town of Altus in Franklin County. The wine region is entirely contained within the Arkansas Mountain AVA, which is in turn contained within the larger multi-state Ozark Mountain AVA. The Altus region is a plateau above the Arkansas River to the south and below the Boston Mountains to the north. The soil is gravel and loam, with a high acidity. Five wineries in the area produce nearly 1 million US gallons (3,800,000 L) of wine per year.
# Donald Shaw

Donald Shaw may refer to:
* Donald Lewis Shaw (1936–2021), American social scientist and co-founder of agenda-setting theory
* Donald Douglas Shaw (1834–1859), American politician
* Donald Shaw (academic) (1930–2017), professor and critic of Latin American literature
* Donald Shaw (rower) (born 1939), British Olympic rower
* Donald Shaw (musician) (born 1967), keyboard and accordion player for Capercaillie, a Scottish folk music group
* Don Shaw (baseball) (born 1944), American baseball player
* Don Shaw (screenwriter) (born 1934), British writer for film and television
* Don Shaw (volleyball) (born 1951), American volleyball coach
# Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher

Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher (15 November 1757 in Glückstadt, Holstein – 9 December 1830) was a Danish surgeon, botanist and professor of anatomy at the University of Copenhagen. Schumacher carried out significant research work in malacology, in other words on molluscs, and described several taxa.

## Life
### Early years (1757-1778)

He was born to Joachim Christian Schumacher, a sergeant in the infantry of the Duchy of Schleswig, and his wife, Caroline Magdalene in Glückstadt in present-day Germany. In spite of his family's limited means, he received a good upbringing, and was sent to grammar school in Rendsburg. After confirmation became the apprentice of the regiment surgeon, Mehl, a learned and skilled man, who gave his eager student a thorough introduction to both medicine and botany, thereby waking Schumacher's natural gift for science. By 1773, at the age of 16, his keen efforts got him appointed as a military surgeon with his father's battalion in the army stationed in Rendsburg, working under Dr. Mehl's command.
In 1777 he got an 8-month leave from the army enroll as a student at Theatrum Anatomico-chirurgicum in Copenhagen (now a part of the faculty of medicine at the University of Copenhagen). While in Copenhagen he lived on nothing but an advance on his rather low wage and in 1778 he returned starved to his post in Rendsburg. He had however made a good enough impression on professor Christen Friis Rottbøll for him to call Schumacher back to Copenhagen to finish the education and to a position as prosector at the University of Copenhagen.

### Choice of profession (1778-1789)

This was his opportunity to begin a scientific career. He graduated from Theatrum Anatomico-chirurgicum no later than 1779, and begun studying botany under the guidance of both Rottbøll and Martin Vahl, who had recently become lecturer at the University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden.
Intending to follow Vahl's example Schumacher embarked upon what was intended to be an international research tour in 1784, but the timetable of the ship was changed at the last minute and he got no further than the Baltic Sea. This forced him to change his plans altogether and returning to Copenhagen he became a surgeon at both Theatrum Anatomico-chirurgicum and at Frederiks Hospital. In 1786 he took the exam of the recently started surgical academy and a position as lecturer at the academy.
Later that year he received a scholarship and finally embarked on a study trip around Europe from 1786 to 1789. In Paris he studied chemistry in the lectures of Antoine Lavoisier and Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy and botany with Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. And in London he was influenced by John Hunter among others. It had been a condition of the scholarship that he would study chemistry.

## Taxa named by him

A marine gastropod genus:
* Bufonaria Schumacher, 1817
# Gymnoscelis protracta

Gymnoscelis protracta is a moth in the family Geometridae. It was described by Louis Beethoven Prout in 1958. It is endemic to Malaysia.
# Heptapleurum racemosum

Heptapleurum racemosum is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae. It is a canopy tree that is endemic to Western Ghats of India.
# Harold Jeghers

Harold Joseph Jeghers (September 26, 1904 – September 21, 1990) was an American internist, best known for his description of Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, a disorder of gastrointestinal polyps and hyperpigmentation of the mouth and lips.

## Life and scientific career

Jeghers was born in Jersey City, New Jersey, in 1904. In 1928, he graduated from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute with a Bachelor of Science in Biology. He graduated from medical school at Western Reserve University in 1932. He worked as a consultant at Boston City Hospital before being appointed chairman of the Medicine Department at Georgetown University in 1946. In 1956, he become a professor at Seton Hall College. In 1966, he became a professor of Medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine. He retired in 1974.
He is best known for the description of Peutz–Jeghers syndrome in 1949, a syndrome of polyps in the gastrointestinal tract associated with hyperpigmentation of the lips and oral mucosa. The syndrome was previously described by Jan Peutz in 1921.
# So What the Fuss

"So What the Fuss" is a song from Stevie Wonder's 2005 album A Time to Love. The song features En Vogue and Prince.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "So What the Fuss" :
| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Canada (Nielsen SoundScan) | 6 |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 16 |
| Hungary (Rádiós Top 40) | 14 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 37 |
| Italy (FIMI) | 27 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40 Tipparade) | 7 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 82 |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 17 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 23 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 46 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 19 |
| UK Hip Hop/R&B (OCC) | 6 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 96 |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 40 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 34 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for "So What the Fuss" :
| Chart (2005) | Position |
| UK Urban (Music Week) | 40 |
# Ammonium arsenate

Ammonium arsenate is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH$_4$)$_3$AsO$_4$. It is prepared by treating a concentrated solution of arsenic acid with ammonia, resulting in precipitation of colorless crystals of the trihydrate. Upon heating, it releases ammonia.
Like other compounds of arsenic, it is classified as an IARC Group 1 carcinogen, i.e. carcinogenic to humans.
Acid salts are also known, including diammonium arsenate and ammonium dihydrogen arsenate.
# Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1947–1950

This is a list of members of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1947 to 1950, as elected at the 1947 state election:
| Name | Party | Electorate | Term of office |
| David Brookman | LCL | Alexandra | 1948–1973 |
| Arthur Christian | LCL | Eyre | 1933–1956 |
| Geoffrey Clarke | LCL | Burnside | 1946–1959 |
| Charles Davis | Labor | Port Pirie | 1946–1959 |
| Leslie Duncan | Labor | Gawler | 1938–1952 |
| Henry Dunks | LCL | Mitcham | 1933–1955 |
| Herbert Dunn | LCL | Stirling | 1938–1952 |
| Colin Dunnage | LCL | Unley | 1941–1962 |
| John Fletcher | Independent | Mount Gambier | 1938–1958 |
| Herbert George | Labor | Adelaide | 1926–1933, 1947–1950 |
| Rufus Goldney | LCL | Gouger | 1944–1959 |
| George Hawker | LCL | Burra | 1947–1956 |
| James Heaslip | LCL | Rocky River | 1949–1968 |
| Hon Cecil Hincks | LCL | Yorke Peninsula | 1941–1963 |
| Hon Sir Herbert Hudd | LCL | Alexandra | 1912–1915, 1920–1938, 1941–1948 |
| Hon Shirley Jeffries | LCL | Torrens | 1927–1930, 1933–1944, 1947–1953 |
| Hon Sir George Jenkins | LCL | Newcastle | 1918–1924, 1927–1930, 1933–1956 |
| John Lyons | LCL | Rocky River | 1926–1948 |
| William Macgillivray | Independent | Chaffey | 1938–1956 |
| Hon John McInnes | Labor | Hindmarsh | 1918–1950 |
| Hon Malcolm McIntosh | LCL | Albert | 1921–1959 |
| Richard McKenzie | Labor | Murray | 1938–1953 |
| Roy McLachlan | LCL | Victoria | 1947–1953 |
| Herbert Michael | LCL | Light | 1939–1941, 1944–1956 |
| Roy Moir | LCL | Norwood | 1941–1944, 1947–1953 |
| Hon Sir Robert Nicholls | LCL | Young | 1915–1956 |
| Mick O'Halloran | Labor | Frome | 1918–1921, 1924–1927, 1938–1960 |
| Baden Pattinson | LCL | Glenelg | 1930–1938, 1947–1965 |
| Rex Pearson | LCL | Flinders | 1941–1951 |
| Hon Thomas Playford | LCL | Gumeracha | 1933–1968 |
| Percy Quirke | Labor/Independent | Stanley | 1941–1968 |
| Hon Robert Richards | Labor | Wallaroo | 1918–1949 |
| Lindsay Riches | Labor | Stuart | 1933–1970 |
| Howard Shannon | LCL | Onkaparinga | 1933–1968 |
| James Stephens | Labor | Port Adelaide | 1933–1959 |
| Tom Stott | Independent | Ridley | 1933–1970 |
| Harold Tapping | Labor | Semaphore | 1946–1964 |
| Berthold Teusner | LCL | Angas | 1944–1970 |
| Frank Walsh | Labor | Goodwood | 1941–1968 |
| Fred Walsh | Labor | Thebarton | 1942–1965 |
| Elder Whittle | LCL | Prospect | 1938–1944, 1947–1953 |
    $^1$ Alexandra LCL MHA Sir Herbert Hudd died on 30 April 1948. LCL candidate David Brookman won the resulting by-election on 19 June.
    $^2$ Rocky River LCL MHA John Lyons died on 19 December 1948. LCL candidate James Heaslip won the resulting by-election on 26 February.
    $^3$ Wallaroo Labor MHA Robert Richards resigned on 22 November 1949 to take up a position as the Commonwealth's Administrator of Nauru. No by-election was held due to the imminent 1950 state election.
    $^4$ Stanley MHA Percy Quirke was elected as a representative of the Labor Party, but resigned from the party in August 1948 and sat as an independent.
# Del Monte station

Del Monte station was a passenger railroad depot for Del Monte, Monterey, California. The station was named after the former resort Hotel Del Monte, now the Naval Postgraduate School. The station was completed in 1880 on Del Monte Avenue, next to the hotel. Operating under the Southern Pacific Railroad, the station was in use until the cancellation of the Del Monte train route on April 30, 1971, when Amtrak took control of passenger rail services across the United States.

## History

Upon the construction of the Hotel Del Monte in 1880, designed by architect Arthur Brown Sr., a modest station was erected 0.25 miles (0.40 km) north of the hotel grounds, between the Monterey Bay and Del Monte Avenue. The initial stop in Monterey for travelers journeying by train from San Francisco was the Del Monte station. Only guests of the hotel disembarked at Del Monte; Monterey station was the primary Monterey stop.
Resembling the hotel's Queen Anne-style design, the station featured lattice work and a wooden-framed arch-covered walkway. Hotel guests could arrive at the Del Monte train station and walk or drive to the hotel. Del Monte station only served passengers; it was the only station on the line without freight facilities
On April 30, 1891, during his tour of the United States, President Benjamin Harrison arrived via the Presidential train at the Del Monte station when staying at the hotel.
On September 27, 1924, the Hotel Del Monte was destroyed by fire. It was rebuilt in 1926 in the Spanish Colonial Revival architecture style. As a result a second Del Monte passenger station was rebuilt to replicate the new architectural style. The station consisted of an open-air passenger shelter with Spanish arches on all sides, and a terra cotta tile roof. The redesigned Del Monte experienced a brief period of prosperity. However, during World War II, the property was acquired for military purposes, culminating in its purchase alongside adjacent land by the Naval Postgraduate School. This marked the conclusion of the railroad hotel era, though the station remained in use.
The last passenger service to the station was the Del Monte, which made its last trips on April 30, 1971. Del Monte station and other stations on the line were demolished afterward. All that remains is the foundation of the depot, marked by a historical plaque.
# HeartScore

HeartScore is a cardiovascular disease risk assessment and management tool developed by the European Society of Cardiology, aimed at supporting clinicians in optimising individual cardiovascular risk reduction.

## Scientific Background

HeartScore is the interactive version of SCORE - Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation - a cardiovascular disease risk assessment system initiated by the European Society of Cardiology, using data from 12 European cohort studies (N=205,178) covering a wide geographic spread of countries at different levels of cardiovascular risks. The SCORE data contains some 3-million person-years of observation and 7,934 fatal cardiovascular events.
The SCORE risk estimation is based on the following risk factors: gender, age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and estimates fatal cardiovascular disease events over a ten-year period.
HeartScore is one of the tools developed to implement the 2007 European guidelines on CVD prevention in clinical practice.

## Features

* Patient history and progress management
* Patient list management
* Graphical display: absolute CVD risk
* Graphical display: risk factors contribution to total risk
* Intervention area: European guidelines on CVD Prevention in clinical practice
* Printable patient advice

## Available versions

In addition to two European versions for high/low risk countries, HeartScore now counts 13 national versions. HeartScore Sweden was the first national version to be launched in 2005, followed by versions in Germany, Greece, Poland, Spain, Cyprus, Slovakia, Czech Republic and Turkey. Translated versions now exist in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Russia, Romania and Croatia.
A roll-out plan of additional national versions has been defined for 2009–2010 within the framework of the EuroHeart Programme of the European Commission and according to countries specific requests. Further updates will be produced as knowledge evolves (new cohort studies, risk factors, end points)

## Available formats

Three formats have been developed to cater for different users’ needs:
* a web-based version, offering graphical display of absolute CVD risk, including relative risk for younger patients, patient data history and progress monitoring
* a downloadable PC version is available since 2008
* a quick calculator
# Edgar Davidson

Edgar Davidson was a Hong Kong solicitor and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
He was a solicitor and of the Hastings & Co. firm. He was appointed to the Legislative Council in 1936 and 1937. He was held as a prisoner of war in the Stanley Internment Camp during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong.
# Herbulotiana catalaella

Herbulotiana catalaella is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Pierre Viette in 1954. It is found in Madagascar.