OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Daughter preference

Daughter preference describes human families seeking to bear and raise daughters, rather than sons.
Daughter preference is evident in contemporary Japan and Japanese-American immigrant families. South Korea has also demonstrated a measurable shift from son preference to daughter preference. Daughter preference appears at measurable levels in three Scandinavian countries: Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. One study found that a significant contributing factor to daughter preference was the "number of wife's sisters." In the matrilineal inheritance system of Malawi, daughter preference emerges if all existing children are sons.
Daughter preference or son preference is sometimes expressed by higher levels of household investment in offspring of preferred gender.
# D***

D*** may refer to:
* Damn, as a profanity
* Dick (slang)
# Cza Carandang

Czarina Grace Carandang (born November 26, 1997) is a Filipino volleyball player. Carandang played for the FEU Lady Tamaraws collegiate women's University team. She is currently playing for the Chery Tiggo Crossovers in the Premier Volleyball League.

## Career
### Collegiate

Carandang made her first game appearance with the FEU Lady Tamaraws in UAAP in the UAAP Season 79 where her team placed in 4th.
Her team got a 10–4 win–loss record in the elimination round of UAAP Season 80 women's volleyball tournament. FEU Lady Tamaraws won over Ateneo Lady eagles in playoffs and semifinals, and sent FEU to its first finals appearance after 9-year drought.
UAAP Season 83 was supposedly the last playing year of Carandang for the Lady Tamaraws, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the tournament was still cancelled, and she decided to forgo her final year to go pro.

## Clubs

* PayMaya High Flyers (2018)
* BanKo Perlas Spikers (2021)
* Chery Tiggo Crossovers (2022–present)

## Awards
### Collegiate

| Season | Tournament | Title | Ref |
| Season | Tournament | Title | Ref | 2017 | 2017 PVL Collegiate Conference | Runner-up |
| 2018 | UAAP Season 80 volleyball tournaments | Runner-up | |
| 2018 | 2018 PVL Collegiate Conference | Runner-up | |

### Clubs

| Season | Tournament | Club | Title | Ref |
| Season | Tournament | Club | Title | Ref | 2018 | Reinforced Conference | PayMaya High Flyers | Runner-up |
| 2024 | Champions League | Chery Tiggo Crossovers | 3rd place | |
# Salvia dolichantha

Salvia dolichantha is a herbaceous perennial native to Sichuan province in China, growing at 3,700 m (12,100 ft) elevation. It grows up to 80 cm (31 in) high, with purple flowers that are approximately 5 cm (2.0 in) long. The leaves are cordate-ovate to hastate-ovate, 6.5 to 9 cm (2.6 to 3.5 in) long and 5.5 to 9 cm (2.2 to 3.5 in) wide.
# Amata hellei

Amata hellei is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Romieux in 1935. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
# Singapore Open Exchange

The Singapore Open Exchange (SOX) is an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) situated in Singapore. It was established on 3 September 2001. SOX is a non-profit, neutral, and independent peering network.

## Members

SOX has 24 members:
| ASN | Membername |
| AS7610 | National University Of Singapore |
| AS42 / AS3856 | Packet Clearing House |
| AS23711 | F.Root Servers (SIN1) |
| AS703 | Verizon |
| AS15169 | Google |
| AS8075 | Microsoft |
| AS17547 | Qala |
| AS23855 | SingAREN |
| AS23728 | Republic Polytechnic |
| AS4628 | Pacific Internet |
| AS7575 | AARNet |
| AS55818 | Matrix Networks |
| AS17617 | Nanyang Polytechnic |
| AS9877 | Ngee Ann Polytechnic |
| AS16509 | Amazon |
| AS45133 | Singapore Polytechnic |
| AS38182 | Extreme Broadband |
| AS56094 | ITE |
| AS4775 | Globe |
| AS33438 | StackPath |
| AS9292 | Temasek Polytechnic |
| AS131475 | Singapore Institute of Technology (SIT) |
| AS6939 | Hurricane Electric |
| AS133487 | Blackboard |
# Discipline (instrument of penance)

A discipline is a small scourge (whip) used as an instrument of penance by certain members of some Christian denominations (including Roman Catholics, Anglicans, among others) in the spiritual discipline known as mortification of the flesh.
Many disciplines comprise seven cords, symbolizing the seven deadly sins and seven virtues. They also often contain three knots on each cord, representing the number of days Jesus Christ remained in the tomb after bearing the sins of humanity. Those who use the discipline often do so during the penitential season of Lent, but others use it on other occasions, and even every day.

## History and practice

In the Bible, Saint Paul writes: "I punish my body and enslave it, so that after proclaiming to others I myself should not be disqualified" (1 Corinthians 9:27 NRSV). Christians who use the discipline do so as a means of partaking in the mortification of the flesh to aid in the process of sanctification; they also "inflict agony on themselves in order to suffer as Christ and the martyrs suffered." In antiquity and during the Middle Ages, when Christian monastics would mortify the flesh as a spiritual discipline, the name of the object that they used to practice this also became known as the discipline. By the 11th century, the use of the discipline for Christians who sought to practice the mortification of the flesh became ubiquitous throughout Christendom.
In the Roman Catholic Church, the discipline is used by some austere Catholic religious orders. The Cistercians, for example, use the discipline to mortify their flesh after praying Compline. The Capuchins have a ritual observed thrice a week, in which the psalms Miserere Mei Deus and De Profundis are recited as the friars flagellate themselves with a discipline. Saints such as Dominic Loricatus, Mary Magdalene de' Pazzi, among others, have used the discipline on themselves to aid in their sanctification.
Votarists of some Anglican religious orders practice self-flagellation with a discipline. Within Anglicanism, the use of the discipline became "quite common" among many members of the Tractarian movement. Martin Luther, the German Reformer, practiced mortification of the flesh through fasting and self-flagellation while still a monk, even sleeping in a stone cell without a blanket. Congregationalist writer and leader within the evangelical Christian movement, Sarah Osborn, practiced self-flagellation in order "to remind her of her continued sin, depravity, and vileness in the eyes of God".
# Amadeus I, Count of Savoy

Amadeus I (c. 1016 – c. 1051), nicknamed of the Tail or la Coda (Latin caudatus, "tailed"), was an early count of the House of Savoy. He was probably the eldest son of Humbert I. His nickname derives from an anecdote, preserved only in a thirteenth-century manuscript, that when he met the Emperor Henry III at Verona in 1046, he refused to enter the emperor's chambers without his large train of knights, his "tail".
Amadeus is first attested in a document of 8 April 1022, when, along with his younger brother Burchard, bishop of Belley, he witnessed a donation of Lambert, bishop of Langres, to his father. Probably sometime after this and before 1030, Amadeus, Burchard, and a third brother, Otto, joined their father in witnessing a donation made by one Aymon de Pierrefort to the Abbey of Cluny. In a further two undated charters of probably about the same period, Amadeus together with his brothers Otto and Aymon and his father made donations to the Abbey of Cluny and the church of Saint-Maurice at Matassine. Amadeus and his father also witnessed another donation, made by several noblemen, to the Abbey of Savigny.
The first record of Amadeus's marriage and use of the comital title ("count", Latin comes) comes from a single document dated 22 October 1030. On that date, at Grenoble, the count and his wife, Adelaide, of unknown family, gave the church of Matassine to Cluny. The act was witnessed by one Humbert and his wife Ausilia—who were perhaps Amadeus's father and mother—and also by his brother Otto and by the king and queen of Burgundy, Rudolf III and Ermengarda. Although the document of 1030 does not demonstrate that Amadeus and his father both held the rank of count simultaneously, Humbert's diploma of 1040 for the Diocese of Aosta was confirmed by his eldest son bearing the title count. On 21 January 1042 Amadeus, Otto and Aymon confirmed another diploma of their father favouring the church of Saint-Chaffre. On 10 June Count Amadeus, Count Humbert and Otto donated the church of Echelles to the church of Saint-Laurence in Grenoble. There is no notice of Amadeus's activities for the following decade, and his last action was recorded on 10 December 1051. In this document, he is called "Count of Belley" (comes Bellicensium), but it is almost certainly the same Count Amadeus as the son of Humbert I.
According to fourteenth-century sources, Amadeus died shortly after 1051 and was buried in Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne. His son Humbert had predeceased him, but he left behind a son, Aymon, who became Bishop of Belley. He may have had a daughter who married into the family of the Counts of Geneva. He was succeeded by his brother Otto in the countship.
# Journal of Consumer Psychology

The Journal of Consumer Psychology is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering psychology as it relates to consumer behavior. It was established in 1992 and is published by John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the Society for Consumer Psychology, the 23rd division of the American Psychological Association. The editor-in-chief is Lauren Goldberg Block (Baruch College). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 3.385.
# Jujuy (Buenos Aires Underground)

Jujuy is a station on Line E of the Buenos Aires Underground. From here, passengers may transfer to Humberto I station on Line H. The station was opened on 20 June 1944 as part of the inaugural section of the line from San José to General Urquiza.
# Davis's leaf-toed gecko

Davis's leaf-toed gecko (Phyllodactylus davisi), also known commonly as Davis' leaf-toed gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Phyllodactylidae. The species is endemic to Mexico.

## Etymology

The specific name, davisi, is in honor of American zoologist William Bennoni Davis.

## Geographic range

P. davisi is found in western Mexico, in the Mexican states of Colima and Michoacán.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of P. davisi is rocky areas within forest.

## Behavior

P. davisi is terrestrial and saxicolous (rock-dwelling).

## Reproduction

P. davisi is oviparous.
# Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne Cathedral

Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne Cathedral is a church in Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, Savoie, that is one of two co-cathedrals of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chambéry–Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne–Tarentaise. Until 1966, it was the cathedral of the Diocese of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne. It is dedicated to John the Baptist.
It was built in the 6th century and rebuilt in the 11th. In 1771, a neoclassical porch was added. It holds the remains of the first three counts of the House of Savoy: Humbert I, Amadeus I and Boniface.
# Khande Rao Holkar

Shrimant Sardar Khande Rao Holkar Subedar Bahadur (1798 - 22 February 1807), belonging to the Holkar dynasty of the Marathas was the Maharaja of Indore (r. 1799 - 1806). He was born in Poona in 1798, as posthumous son of Malhar Rao II Holkar.
He died from cholera at Shahpur, near Kotah on 22 February 1807.
# Dave Donaldson (footballer, born 1941)

David Donaldson (born 28 December 1941) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League, as a defender. suffered in his final years with severe dementia and died in a care home on 30th March 2022 aged 80.
# Scandal (1929 film)

Scandal is a 1929 American sound part-talkie drama film directed by Wesley Ruggles and written by Paul Schofield, Tom Reed and Walter Anthony. The film stars Laura La Plante, Huntley Gordon, John Boles, Jane Winton, Julia Swayne Gordon and Eddie Phillips. The film was released on April 27, 1929, by Universal Pictures.

## Cast

* Laura La Plante as Laura Hunt
* Huntley Gordon as Burke Innes
* John Boles as Maurice
* Jane Winton as Vera
* Julia Swayne Gordon as Mrs. Grant
* Eddie Phillips as Pancho
* Judith Barrett as Janet
# Saurauia

Saurauia is a genus of plants in the family Actinidiaceae. It comprises about over 300 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and South and Central America. Genetic evidence and the cell biology of the group support monophyly of the genus. Monophyly of the genus is also supported by micromorphological characters and by phylogenetic analysis, although the exact evolutionary relationships of Saurauia with the other two genera of the Actinidiaceae, Actinidia and Clematoclethra, are not well understood. It is also the only extant genus within its family whose natural distribution includes areas outside of Asia (tropical South and Central America).

## Description

The floral characteristics of Saurauia are similar to those in the other members of the Actinidiaceae. The main floral differences between Saurauia and the other members are that the species of Saurauia have 3-5 carpels while Actinidia has 3-30 or more and Clematoclethra has 4 or 5. Also, Saurauia is the only genus in the Actinidiaceae whose members may be monoecious or functionally dioecious.

## Fossil record

The oldest fossil records of Saurauia include characteristic seed synapomorphies of the genus that are from the late Turonian (about 89 Ma) of Central Europe. Two extinct species were established, †Saurauia alenae and †Saurauia antique, both are recorded from several assemblages in Central Europe and ranging in age from the late Turonian to the Maastrichtian.

## Species

Species include:
* Saurauia adenodonta Sleumer
* Saurauia aequatoriensis Sprague
* Saurauia aguaricana Soejarto
* Saurauia avellana Elmer
* Saurauia bogoriensis R.D. Hoogland
* Saurauia bracteosa DC.
* Saurauia cauliflora DC.
* Saurauia clementis Merr.
* Saurauia copelandii Elmer
* Saurauia crassisepala Soejarto
* Saurauia elegans (Choisy) Fern.-Vill.
* Saurauia erythrocarpa C.F.Liang & Y.S.Wang
* Saurauia glabra Merr.
* Saurauia harlingii Soejarto
* Saurauia herthae Sleumer
* Saurauia klemmei Merr.
* Saurauia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
* Saurauia latibractea Choisy
* Saurauia latipetala Hemsley
* Saurauia laxiflora Soejarto
* Saurauia lehmannii Hieron.
* Saurauia leucocarpa Schlecht.
* Saurauia magnifica Soejarto
* Saurauia mahmudii R.D. Hoogland
* Saurauia malayana Hoogl.
* Saurauia merrillii Elmer
* Saurauia mexiae Killip ex Soejarto
* Saurauia microphylla Linden ex Lindl. & Paxton
* Saurauia montana Seem.
* Saurauia napaulensis DC.
* Saurauia oreophila Hemsley
* Saurauia papillulosa Merr.
* Saurauia pentapetala (Jack) R.D.Hoogland
* Saurauia polysperma (Blanco) Merr.
* Saurauia pseudostrigillosa Buscal.
* Saurauia punduana Wall.
* Saurauia pustulata G. Hunter
* Saurauia rubens Ridl.
* Saurauia rubrisepala Soejarto
* Saurauia scabrida Hemsley
* Saurauia schultzeorum Sleumer
* Saurauia seibertii Standley
* Saurauia serrata DC.
* Saurauia sparsiflora Elmer
* Saurauia striata Soejarto
* Saurauia tambensis Killip
* Saurauia villosa DC.
* Saurauia whitfordii Merr.
# Khamsavath Vilayphone

Khamsavath Vilayphone (born 9 April 1967) is a Laotian boxer. He competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Scarsellino

Scarsellino or Ippolito Scarsella (1550 (or 1551) – 28 October 1620) was an Italian mid-to-late sixteenth century reformist painter and one of the most important representatives of the School of Ferrara. His landscapes of both sacred and secular themes strongly anticipate the landscape painting traditions of the 17th century.

## Life

Ippolito Scarsella was born and died in Ferrara. His father was the lesser-known painter Sigismondo Scarsella, who was particularly skilled as an architect. Scarsellino traveled and worked extensively across Italy, encountering many influences.
He lived in Venice for four years around 1570. The exact date is not known. He reportedly trained in Venice in the studio of Veronese. Scarsellino worked alongside the brothers Carracci in the Palazzo dei Diamanti in Ferrara. As can be observed from their works, the Ferrarese artist and the Bolognese painters exhibited a reciprocal influence upon one another. To name just one of many examples, Ludovico Carracci's 1616 Martyrdom of Saint Margaret for the Church of San Maurizio in Mantua takes its inspiration from Scarsellino's painting of the same subject, executed five years prior for the Oratory of Saint Margaret in Ferrara.
One of Scarsellino's most important pupils was Costanzo Cattani.

## Work

Scarsellino was an easel painter as well as a fresco artist. He often painted the same subject with variations, in a range of different formats and supports. His early works show the influences of various contemporary styles. Initially he was inspired by the elegant figures of Parmigianino (1503–1540), which were introduced in Ferrara by Girolamo da Carpi (1501 – c. 1557). He later set himself apart from this intellectual and highly formal vision of Mannerism by turning towards the magical, mood-driven world of Dosso Dossi. During his stay in Venice he was introduced to the late works of Giorgione and those of Veronese and Titian, which were an important influence on his work.
A number of his works are in the collection of the Galleria Borghese in Rome, The Bathing Venus, Diana and Endymion and Venus and Adonis. Two of his paintings were destroyed during the bombing of Dresden at the end of World War II: Flight into Egypt and Holy Family at Work.

## Selected works

* The Way to Calvary (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)
* The Martyrdom of Saint Venanatius of Camerino (Houston)
* Fame Conquering Time (Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford).
* Virgin Adored by Saints (1609; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)
* Landscape with Abraham and Isaac (Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge)
* Apollo (MFA, San Francisco)
* Madonna with Saints (c1600; MFA, Houston)
* Adoration of the Magi (c1600, Capitoline Museums, Rome)
* Allegorical Scene (Pinacoteca Nazionale, Ferrara)
* Saint Demetrius (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)
* Virgin and Angels Imploring Christ not to Punish Lust, Avarice, and Pride (Pinacoteca, Vatican)
* Judgment of Paris (Uffizi Gallery, Florence)
# Scarsdale diet

The Scarsdale diet, a high-protein low-carbohydrate fad diet designed for weight loss, created in the 1970s by Herman Tarnower and named for the town in New York where he practiced cardiology, is described in the book The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet Plus Dr. Tarnower's Lifetime Keep-Slim Program. Tarnower wrote the book together with self-help author Samm Sinclair Baker.

## Overview

The diet is similar to the Atkins Diet and Stillman diet in calling for a high protein low-carbohydrate diet, but also emphasizes the importance of fruits and vegetables. The diet restricts certain foods but allows an unrestricted amount of animal protein, especially eggs, fish, lean meats and poultry. To eat on Sundays, the diet recommends "plenty of steak" with tomatoes, celery or brussels sprouts. The Scarsdale diet is low-calorie, restricted to 1,000 calories per day and lasts between seven and fourteen days.
The book was originally published in 1978 and received an unexpected boost in popular sales when its author, Herman Tarnower, was murdered in 1980 by his jilted lover Jean Harris. During her trial, Harris' lawyer argued that she had been the book's "primary author".

## Health risks

Medical experts have listed the Scarsdale diet as an example of a fad diet, as it carries potential health risks and does not instill the kind of healthy eating habits required for sustainable weight loss. It is unbalanced because of the high amount of meat consumed. The diet's high fat ratio may increase the risk of heart disease. People following the diet can lose much weight at first, but this loss is generally not sustained any better than with normal calorie restriction.
Nutritionist Elaine B. Feldman has commented that high-protein low-carbohydrate diets such as the Atkins and Scarsdale diets are nutritionally deficient, produce diuresis and are "clearly unphysiologic and may be hazardous". The Scarsdale diet was criticized by Henry Buchwald and colleagues for "serious nutritional deficiencies". Negative effects of the diet include constipation, nausea, weakness and bad breath due to ketosis. The diet has also been criticized for being deficient in vitamin A and riboflavin.
# Kevin Schaeffer

Kevin Schaeffer (born October 16, 1984) is an American former professional ice hockey player who last played for the Las Vegas Wranglers in the ECHL. He was selected by the Nashville Predators in the 6th round (193rd overall) of the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. Unsigned from the Predators from attending Boston University, Schaeffer played 100 games in the American Hockey League with the Providence Bruins, Binghamton Senators, Lake Erie Monsters and the Hartford Wolf Pack before deciding to retire and pursue other opportunities at the end of the 2010–11 season.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2002–03 | New York Apple Core | EJHL | 30 | 8 | 24 | 32 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2003–04 | Boston University | HE | 38 | 5 | 12 | 17 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2004–05 | Boston University | HE | 41 | 2 | 12 | 14 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005–06 | Boston University | HE | 40 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2006–07 | Boston University | HE | 33 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2007–08 | Reading Royals | ECHL | 19 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 21 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 |
| 2007–08 | Providence Bruins | AHL | 31 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Binghamton Senators | AHL | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Reading Royals | ECHL | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Providence Bruins | AHL | 48 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 14 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2009–10 | Charlotte Checkers | ECHL | 52 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 25 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 2009–10 | Lake Erie Monsters | AHL | 7 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009–10 | Hartford Wolf Pack | AHL | 11 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2010–11 | Las Vegas Wranglers | ECHL | 67 | 3 | 14 | 17 | 24 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ECHL totals | ECHL totals | ECHL totals | 144 | 10 | 26 | 36 | 76 | 25 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 12 |
| AHL totals | AHL totals | AHL totals | 100 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 28 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| All-Hockey East Rookie Team | 2003–04 |
# Kashikishi

Kashikishi is a town on the south-eastern shore of Lake Mweru in the Luapula Province of Zambia. It lies just north of the district headquarters Nchelenge, and close enough for them to be considered twin towns; they are sometimes referred to as Nchelenge–Kashikishi.
While Nchelenge is the seat of the district government and branches of national agencies, Kashikishi is the market and fisheries centre. It is also the site of a government secondary school and St Paul's Catholic Mission, which includes the largest hospital in the Nchelenge District.
The principal highway of the Luapula Province ends its tarred surface at Nchelenge-Kashikishi, providing good communication southwards with Mansa and Serenje. Northwards a dirt road continues to Chiengi and Zambia's border with DR Congo.
As of 1976, Kashikishi had a population of approximately 1,500.$^{:1}$