OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Great Daruma

The Great Daruma was a monumental portrait created by Japanese artist Hokusai on 5 October 1817. Also known as the Great Bodhidarma, the work is a depiction of Bodhidharma, known in Japan as Daruma, a revered Buddhist monk of the 5th or 6th century. The original artwork was destroyed by the bombing of Nagoya in May 1945.

## Background

The Great Daruma was not Hokusai's first monumental portrait. In 1804, during a festival at the Gokoku-ji temple in Edo (modern Tokyo), he created a portrait of Daruma said to be 600 feet (180 m) long, using a broom and buckets full of ink.

## Conception

Hokusai made the Great Daruma in a courtyard beside the Hongan-ji Nagoya Betsuin Buddhist temple in Nagoya, Japan. The portrait depicted the head of the monk and his upper body swathed in flowing robes. It was drawn on a large expanse of paper, measuring 59 by 35 feet (18 m × 11 m), equivalent to approximately 120 standard tatami mats of 70 by 35 inches (178 cm × 89 cm) each. The eyes were 70 inches (180 cm) wide, the nose 105 inches (270 cm) long, and the mouth 82 inches (210 cm) across.
The event was advertised in advance to draw a large crowd. Hokusai and his pupils wore special attire. They spent the morning preparing the vats of ink and laying the extra thick paper on a bed of straw. Hokusai worked for hours adding bold lines of ink until the image was finally revealed when the paper was hoisted into the air using a large wooden beam attached to one end, like a gigantic hanging scroll, or the huge thongdrel thankas of Tibetan Buddhism (usually in silk appliqué).

## Reception

As a result of this dramatic feat, Hokusai became known in Nagoya as "Daruma-sen", the Daruma master. The triumph brought greater attention to Hokusai, enabling him to sell more prints to the public, including prints of the Great Daruma. He published a new volume of his Manga sketches in 1817. The event was recounted in a popular song and celebrated in a printed surimono and large reproduction (pictured). The feat was described in Kōriki Enkōan's Detailed Illustrations of Hokusai’s Large Scale Sketches the same year. A later illustrated account features in Iijima Hanjūrō's 1893 Biography of Katsushika Hokusai.
In 2017, the bicentennial anniversary of the event, the painting was recreated with the cooperation of Aichi University of the Arts and Nagoya City Museum.

## Destruction

The original artwork survived in Nagoya until May 1945, when it was destroyed along with the wooden temple building in the bombing of Nagoya in World War II. Contemporaneous promotional handbills survive, with some held at the Nagoya City Museum.

## Gallery

* "Handbill for Hokusai’s Colossal Image Sketch" (北斎大画即書引札), 1817
* From Kōriki Enkōan's Detailed Illustrations of Hokusai’s Large Scale Sketches (北斎大画即書細図), 1817
* From Kōriki Enkōan's Detailed Illustrations of Hokusai’s Large Scale Sketches, 1817
* Raising the image. From Kōriki Enkōan's Detailed Illustrations of Hokusai’s Large Scale Sketches, 1817
# Canindé River (Ceará)

The Canindé River is a river of Ceará state in eastern Brazil.
# Gonzalo de Alvarado y Chávez

Gonzalo de Alvarado y Chávez was a Spanish conquistador and cousin of Pedro de Alvarado and accompanied him on his first campaign in Guatemala. In 1525 he was appointed chief constable of Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala, the new capital (modern Tecpán Guatemala). He married Isabel, a daughter of Jorge de Alvarado, his cousin. It is not known when he died.
# Glaucocharis pogonias

Glaucocharis pogonias is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Turner in 1911. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
# Abraham Lévy-Bacrat

Abraham Lévy-Bacrat (אברהם הלוי בקראט; fl. 1492–1507) was a rabbinical author of the beginning of the sixteenth century. Expelled from Spain in 1492, he settled at Tunis, where in 1507 he wrote Sefer ha-Zikkaron, a supercommentary on Rashi. The manuscript remained unprinted till 1845, when it was discovered in a Jewish library in Tunis. The work has several prefaces, one of which, written by the author himself, recounts his sufferings at the time of the expulsion from Spain.

## Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography

* David Cazès, Notes Bibliographiques sur la Littérature Juive Tunisienne
# Acrolophus chonactis

Acrolophus chonactis is a moth of the family Acrolophidae. It is found in Brazil.
# Jasmine Brown

Jasmine Brown is an American author and medical student. She is the author of the 2023 book, Twice as Hard: The Stories of Black Women Who Fought to Become Physicians, from the Civil War to the 21st Century.

## Life

Brown lived in Indiana during her childhood and she frequently visited extended family members in St. Louis, Missouri. In 2014, Brown graduated from Hillsborough High School in Hillsborough Township, New Jersey. She was a member of its track and field, the National Honor Society, and the Sociedad Honoraria Hispánica.
Brown attended Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis as an Ervin Scholar. She majored in biology with a focus in neuroscience. Brown founded and served as president of the Minority Association of Rising Scientists.
She was a research assistant at a few institutions including the Broad Institute where conducted researched cancer, Johns Hopkins University, where she conducted pulmonary research, and the Miller School of Medicine at the University of Miami, where she conducted behavioral research. In the spring of 2018, she was investigating the molecular pathways of the West Nile and Zika viruses. She was a member of the Alpha Kappa Alpha. Brown graduated with a B.A. in 2018.
In late 2017, Brown won a Rhodes Scholarship. In January 2018, the township committee of Hillsborough Township honored Brown with a proclamation for her Rhodes selection. In 2020, Brown earned a MPhil in the history of science, medicine, and technology from the Hertford College, Oxford. She researched the impacts of Black women physicians in medicine and American society.
In 2020, Brown enrolled at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. In January 2023, during her third year of medical school, she authored a book based on her earlier research on Black women in medicine. In it, Brown profiles nine physicians including Rebecca Lee Crumpler, May Edward Chinn, and Marilyn Gaston.

## Selected works

* Brown, Jasmine (2023). Twice as Hard: The Stories of Black Women Who Fought to Become Physicians, from the Civil War to the 21st Century. Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-2508-6.
# Rosebery Avenue

Rosebery Avenue is a major thoroughfare in the boroughs of Camden and Islington, Central London. It starts southwest from the intersection with Theobald's Road, Holborn, and ends northeast at St John Street, Clerkenwell. Finsbury Town Hall and Charles Rowan House are among properties located on this road.
# Dasygrammitis

Dasygrammitis is a genus of ferns in the family Polypodiaceae, subfamily Grammitidoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). It is known from Sri Lanka through southeast Asia and the Philippines to Polynesia.

## Description

The rhizomes are radially symmetric (without distinct upper and lower surfaces) and bear whorls of stipes, which lack a joint at the point of attachment. The rhizome scales are red-brown, of uniform color, and usually glossy. They have unbranched, red-brown hairs on their edges.
Hairs, where present, are unbranched and branched, and brown in color. The leaf blades are usually pinnate in cutting, rarely pinnatifid or bipinnatifid, bearing free veins which lack hydathodes at their terminus. Sori are borne in two rows beneath pinnae or lobes. The sori are circular to elliptic in shape; the sporangia either lack hairs or have one to two red-brown hairs.

## Taxonomy

The genus was first described by Barbara Parris in 2007 to receive some of the species of the genus Grammitis, which as then circumscribed was artificial and contained a number of disparate lineages. The name "Dasygrammitis" means "shaggy Grammitis", referring to the shaggy hairs often present on the frond in this group of former Grammitis species. Parris initially placed six species in the genus.
A phylogenetic study of the grammitids found that Dasygrammitis was sister to a clade consisting of Calymmodon, Micropolypodium, Scleroglossum, Tomophyllum, and Xiphopterella. These six genera share a radially symmetric rhizome, which may be a synapomorphy for this clade (although the trait appears in other grammitid taxa, probably independently).

### Species

As of February 2020, the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World accepted the following species:
* Dasygrammitis brevivenosa (Alderw.) Parris
* Dasygrammitis crassifrons (Baker) Parris
* Dasygrammitis fuscata (Blume) Parris
* Dasygrammitis kinabaluensis Parris
* Dasygrammitis malaccana (Baker) Parris
* Dasygrammitis mollicoma (Nees & Blume) Parris
* Dasygrammitis purpurascens (Nadeaud) Parris
* Dasygrammitis seramensis Parris
# Corylophus sublaevipennis

Corylophus sublaevipennis is a species of beetle in family Corylophidae. It is found in the Palearctic
# Gonzalo X. Ruiz

Gonzalo X. Ruiz is an Argentine baroque oboist. He was born in La Plata, Argentina, and studied at the San Francisco Conservatory before pursuing a performing career in the US and Europe. He has been the principal oboist of the Buenos Aires Philharmonic and the New Century Chamber Orchestra, and since 2009 has been a member of the faculty of the Juilliard School.
He has issued a number of recordings of baroque works. His reconstruction and recording of Bach's Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, to feature the oboe rather than the flute, was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2009. In issuing the recording, Ruiz argued that the suite was originally composed for the oboe. In 2014 he applied a similar theory to a series of Bach's harpsichord concertos, reconstructing them for the oboe and recording them with Monica Huggett and the Portland Baroque Orchestra in an album reviewed by Gramophone as an "exceptional union of scholarly curiosity and excellent musicianship".
# Glaucocharis pilcheri

Glaucocharis pilcheri is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by David E. Gaskin in 1988. It is found in Sikkim, India.
# Goodlett

Goodlett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlton Benjamin Goodlett (1914–1997), American physician, newspaper publisher and civil rights activist
* John A. Goodlett, American politician
* Ray Goodlett, American soccer player
* Sasha Goodlett (born 1990), American women's basketball player
# Grassmann (surname)

Grassmann, Graßmann or Grassman is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

## Grassmann

* Dietrich Graßmann (1920–1991), German Luftwaffe pilot
* Hans Grassmann (born 1960), German physicist
* Hermann Grassmann (1809–1877), German linguist, physicist, and mathematician (sometimes misspelled Grassman)
* Justus Grassmann (died 1961), German World War I flying ace
* Marcelo Grassmann (1925–2013), Brazilian engraver and draughtsman
* Thomas Grassmann (1890–1970), American historian and archaeologist
* Robert Graßmann (1815-1901), publisher, brother of Hermann G.
# Acmaeodera scalaris

Acmaeodera scalaris, the ladder buprestid, is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Cochylis torva

Cochylis torva is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Paraná, Brazil.
# Loft Historic District South

The Loft Historic District South is a national historic district in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It includes seven large brick manufacturing buildings on both sides of the 500 block of West Pratt Street near the University of Maryland campus in downtown Baltimore. Of the seven buildings, four have been converted into a loft apartment building complex known as the Greenehouse. The district includes the Sonneborn Building.
The Loft Historic District South was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
# Acacia paula

Acacia paula is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is endemic to a small area of north western Australia.

## Description

The low prostrate shrub has many small branches sprouting from subterranean rootstock. The glabrous, green to brown, virgate and angular branchlets often have resin-crenulated ridges. Like most species of Acacia it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The evergreen phyllodes have a linear shape and are quite flat and straight with a length of 4 to 15 cm (1.6 to 5.9 in) and a width of 0.8 to 3 mm (0.031 to 0.118 in). They are usually slightly resinous and have one to two more prominent, excentric longitudinal veins with many inconspicuous parallel minor veins. It flowers from February to June producing yellow flowers. It produces cylindrical to spherical flower-spikes with a length of 4 to 12 mm (0.16 to 0.47 in) that are densely packed with golden flowers. Following flowering light brown coloured seed pods form that have a linear shape and are mostly flat and straight but are lightly curved at the apex. The pods have a length of 4 to 5.5 cm (1.6 to 2.2 in) and a width of 3.5 to 4.5 mm (0.14 to 0.18 in) and are tapered at base and apex. The dark brown seeds inside are arranged obliquely and have an elliptic shape but are dorsoventrally flattened with a length of around 4.2 mm (0.17 in).

## Distribution

It is native to a small area in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia where it grows in gravelly lateritic soils. It is situated on the Mitchell Plateau over laterite and less frequently over basalt often as a part of low open forest communities where it is associated with Corymbia confertiflora.
# Golden Horse Award for Best Animated Feature

The Golden Horse Award for Best Animated Feature (Chinese: 金馬獎最佳動畫長片) is an award presented annually at the Golden Horse Awards by the Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival Executive Committee, though for some editions, both nominees and winner were absent. Yee Chih-yen is the latest winner, winning for City of Lost Things at the 57th Golden Horse Awards in 2020.
# Cullen Castle

Cullen Castle was a royal castle about 0.5 miles (0.8 km) west of Cullen, Moray, Scotland, west of the burn of Deskford, and south of Seatown. The remains have been designated as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, accessible to the public. This is not to be confused with Cullen House or Castle of Cullen of Buchan. There is also a ruin of a Cullen Castle in County Waterford, Ireland.

## History

Elizabeth de Burgh, the wife of Robert the Bruce died here, although it has been suggested this was at an earlier castle. Vestiges of the castle remained until the 19th century.

## Structure

It is believed that the castle, on Castle Hill, was a motte, encircled by a wide ditch and outer rampart, except on the north where a landslip has destroyed it. The ditch is about 6.0 metres (19.7 ft) wide and 1.75 metres (5 ft 9 in) deep; the outer bank is about 6.0 metres (19.7 ft) wide and 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) high.
The mound of the motte has been covered by a network of ancient paths. Excavations were conducted in February–October 2017 to restore parts of the network and minimise erosion. Eight test pits were dug of which seven located the main path. The other one was dug in an area less disturbed by foot traffic and did not locate the path despite being excavated to a depth of 150 millimetres (5.9 in). Foundation bases for picnic tables and benches and a replacement flagpole socket were installed during the excavations. No finds or features of archaeological interest were found.
# Grasslands Regional Division No. 6

Grasslands Regional Division No. 6 or Grasslands Public Schools is a public school authority within the Canadian province of Alberta operated out of Brooks.
# Goodlander

Goodlander is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* C. W. Goodlander (1834–1902), American architect, builder, businessman, banker, hotelier, and author
* Maybelle Goodlander (1882–1959), American commercial and portrait photographer
# Acmaeodera tenebricosa

Acmaeodera tenebricosa is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in North America.
# Glenn McWhinney

Glenn Simpson "Keeper" McWhinney (August 10, 1930 – April 14, 2012) was a Canadian football player who played for the Edmonton Eskimos and Winnipeg Blue Bombers. He won the Grey Cup with the Eskimos in 1954. McWhinney's football career was ended in 1956 when he sustained a broken neck. He later joined the Blue Bombers as a scout from 1956 to 1958. McWhinney also played basketball in the Winnipeg Men's Senior League. He died in 2012; a park in Winnipeg is named after him.
McWhinney's son Jeff serves as the current keeper of the Grey Cup trophy.
# César Zabala

César Zabala Fernández (3 June 1961 – 31 January 2020) was a Paraguayan football (soccer) defender. He played professional football in Paraguay for Cerro Porteño, and had short spells in Argentina with Talleres de Córdoba and in Brazil with Sport Club Internacional.

## Career

Zabala was born in Luque, Paraguay, and played professionally for Sportivo Luqueño and Cerro Porteño.

## International

Zabala made his international debut for the Paraguay national football team on 3 February 1985 in a friendly match against Uruguay (1-0 loss) in Montevideo. A participant at the 1986 FIFA World Cup in Mexico, Zabala held 49 international caps and scored three goals for the national side.
# Cnephora

Cnephora is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Acacia patagiata

Acacia patagiata, also commonly knowns as salt gully wattle, is a shrub of the genus Acacia and the subgenus Plurinerves that is endemic to south western Australia.

## Description

The rounded shrub typically grows to a height of 0.5 to 2.5 metres (2 to 8 ft) and has glarous to very lightly haired branchlets. Like most species of Acacia it has phyllodes rather that true leaves. The rigid, leathery, glabrous and pungent grey-green phyllodes are ascending to erect and have an oblong-oblanceolate to elliptic shape and are slightly to shallowly to strongly incurved. The phyllodes are around 2.5 to 5.5 cm (0.98 to 2.17 in) in length and 3 to 8 mm (0.12 to 0.31 in) wide and have many fine, parallel veins with the central nerve more prominent than the others. It blooms from July to September and produces yellow flowers.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanists Richard Sumner Cowan and Bruce Maslin in 1990 as a part of the work Acacia Miscellany 3. Some new microneurous taxa of Western Australia related to A. multineata (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia as published in the journal Nuytsia. It is very similar in appearance to Acacia lineolata subsp. multilineata and also Acacia unguicula to a lesser degree. It also resembles Acacia mimica.

## Distribution

It is native to an area in the Wheatbelt, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia where it is commonly situated along salt rivers and creeks and along the margins of salt lakes and salt pans growing in sandy, sandy-loam or clay soils. The range of the plant extends from around Pingrup in the north west to around Mount Ney in the east.
# Golden Horse Award for Best Art Direction

The Golden Horse Award for Best Art Direction (Chinese: 金馬獎最佳美術設計) is an award presented annually at the Golden Horse Awards by the Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival Executive Committee. The latest ceremony was held in 2022, with Mak Kwok-keung and Renee Wong winning the award for the film Limbo.
# Glaucacna

Glaucacna is a monotypic moth genus in the family Agonoxenidae which was described by William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes in 1931. Its only species, Glaucacna iridea, described in the same article, is found in Puerto Rico.
# Googe

Googe is a surname. People with this name include:
* Barnabe Googe (1540–1594), poet
* Debbie Googe (born 1962), bassist
# 6433 Enya

6433 Enya, provisional designation 1978 WC, is a stony background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 November 1978, by Czech astronomer Antonín Mrkos at the Kleť Observatory in the Czech Republic. It was named for Irish musician Enya.

## Orbit and classification

Enya is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.9–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,348 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.22 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic. Enya was first identified as 1952 UH at Goethe Link Observatory in 1952. The body's observation arc, however, begins with its official discovery observation at Kleť in 1978.

## Physical characteristics

Enya is a presumed S-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In March 2013, a fragmentary rotational lightcurve of Enya was obtained from photometric observations at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 7.4 hours with a brightness variation of 0.08 magnitude (U=1).
As of 2017, no other lightcurve has since been obtained from Enya.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Enya measures between 6.69 and 7.416 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.012 and 0.090.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 3.68 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 14.54.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin (born 1961), known as Enya, an Irish singer, songwriter, musician, and producer. Naming was proposed by G. V. Williams and published on 20 June 1997 (M.P.C. 30099).
# César Vásquez Bazán

César Alejandro Vásquez Bazán (born April 4, 1952) is an economist, graduate professor and Peruvian politician.
He studied at the Colegio San Andres de Lima and continued his education at the National University of San Marcos, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in economics (1974) and economist (1975). He completed postgraduate courses in senior management of financial institutions at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (1980) and development, planning and public policy at the Latin American and Caribbean Institute for Economic and Social Planning in Chile (1986). At the University of Denver, he received a MA degree (1993) and a Ph.D. in international studies (2003).
His doctoral dissertation was on "Neoliberalism autocratic and Peruvian dilemma: The political economy of the decade of Fujimori" (2003). Other writings include "Response has written an outrage" (1991), "The forgotten proposal" (1987), "Demographic Trends, living conditions and population policy in Peru" (1987), "Hundred Days: basis for emergency economic plan" (1985) and "National Economic Congress" (1982).
In Peru, he was an associate professor of economics at the University of Lima and director of the Center for Economic and Social Research of the University. In the United States he taught at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies at the University College of the University of Denver.
His main professional interests are in the fields of economic and social policies, the Peruvian political economy and social and economic history of Peru.
Between May 15, 1989, and July 28, 1990, Vásquez was Minister of Economy and Finance of Peru during the last year of the First Government of Alan García.