OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gwendolyn Elaine Armstrong

Gwendolyn Elaine Armstrong was a black Mississippi pioneer in the Civil Rights Movement. In September, 1965, she and Raylawni Branch, both local natives, integrated the University of Southern Mississippi at Hattiesburg. They thus completed the process of breaking the segregation barriers at Mississippi's universities which had been begun by Clyde Kennard at (then) Mississippi Southern College (1956–61) and carried forward by James Meredith at the University of Mississippi (September, 1962) and Richard Holmes at Mississippi State University (July, 1965).

## Biography

Armstrong was a 1965 graduate of Hattiesburg's Royal Street (then Rowan) High School. She wished to attend college but had to stay at home to care for her invalid mother. The NAACP offered to support her entry into the local segregated white university, and recruited local civil rights activist Raylawni Branch to enter with her as moral support.
This required considerable physical courage for both, but especially the inexperienced 18-year-old Armstrong. Having grown up in the black community of Hattiesburg, she was well aware of the notorious miscarriage of justice in which the last black (Clyde Kennard) to attempt to enroll at the university had been falsely sent to prison and an early death.
By this time (September, 1965) both Ole Miss and Mississippi State University had been integrated – the former violently, the latter peacefully. The Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission and University of Southern Mississippi leaders, such as President Dr. William David McCain, had earlier fought vociferously and successfully to thwart Clyde Kennard's attempts to enroll at (then) Mississippi Southern College. They had now come to realize that the battle to maintain segregation was lost. Therefore, McCain and his staff made extensive confidential plans for the admission and attendance of Armstrong and Branch. A faculty guardian and mentor was secretly appointed for each. The same campus police department which in 1959 had attempted to railroad Kennard to prison when he attempted to enroll, now had very strict orders to prevent or quickly stop any incident involving the two black students. Student athletic, social, and political leaders were recruited to keep the calm and protect the university from such bad publicity as Ole Miss had suffered from its reaction to James Meredith.
As a result, Armstrong had only very minor negative experiences. She studied music and singing, and helped the university choir win a championship. According to Branch, they were "treated just like everybody else.". In 1968 Armstrong (as Elaine Armstrong) pursued a brief career as a jazz styled singer recording in Nashville for a release on King Records.
The two women were accompanied by six bodyguards when on campus. The university administration appointed Dr. Geoffrey Fish, an oceanographer who taught biology as her guardian and tutor. Fish took a genuine interest in both women, gave them advice and jobs in work-study. He was very kind, listened to them, and was like a father figure to them.
# Dirt Room

"Dirt Room" was the first single from alternative rock band Blue October's fifth studio album, Approaching Normal. The song was released to digital outlet stores on December 23, 2008, and to radio on January 13, 2009. An acoustic version of the song was included on the band's album Ugly Side: An Acoustic Evening With Blue October, and a live electric version appears on the live album/concert film Things We Do At Night - Live From Texas.

## Music video

The music video premiered on Yahoo! Music on January 27, 2009, and was directed by Kevin Kerslake. It is centered around a robber (played by frontman Justin Furstenfeld) who is captured by his attempted victim. He is tied up and the captor threatens him with premature burial. At the end of the video he is placed in an open grave and viewed by a great deal of people, including two police officers. These scenes are intercut with footage of the band playing the song in the living room of the captor's house. The music video shows Justin burning a hundred dollar bill with the initials "M.R." clearly displayed to the camera before the flames erupt. The band later revealed that the initials "M.R." refer to Michael Rand, their former manager who sued them for $1 million, claiming he was owed a cut from the sales of their multi-platinum album Foiled, even though their business relationship ended several years prior.

## Meaning discussed

During the hushed period, Furstenfeld told Music Interviews Now: "That song is about not being a passive idiot anymore and not letting people take advantage of you anymore just because of who you are. I wouldn't say that we're famous… we are just normal people that get put on TV and stuff. That is just who we are… so if that makes us famous like the E! Entertainment crap, that's not us. People want to see you in that part and think you are rich, and they start to come out of the wood work…and they start asking for things over and over again, and that song's about just taking it too far. There was an incident that happened, I can't even talk about it… but I took care of it, wrote the song, and that's my revenge. I use my words as weapons. No one will take advantage of my family again. I usually do all the writing and on this new album everyone did some writing and it was really special to me."
In a later interview, Justin was able to be more candid about the song's true meaning. "But that song really brought out this more confidence side of me and not the, ‘Oh hate me because I am bad’ side – I don’t do drugs anymore and I don’t f*ck with that stuff, I have a daughter now so if anybody wants to take food off of her plate then they are going to have to come straight through me whether it be verbally, and I hope not physically because I try to teach self-expression instead of physical violence! You know?"

## Chart positions

| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Modern Rock Tracks | 7 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks | 31 |
# Drug identifier

Drug identifiers include:
* Drug nomenclature
* Pharmaceutical codes
# Hallyday

Hallyday is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Hallyday (born 1966), French singer-songwriter and racing driver
* Estelle Hallyday (born 1966), French actress and model
* Johnny Hallyday (1943–2017), French singer and actor
# Emmendorf

Emmendorf is a municipality in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany.
# Sidbury

Sidbury is a large village and former civil parish north of Sidmouth, now in the parish of Sidmouth, in the East Devon district, in the county of Devon, England. In 2011 the built-up area had a population of 457.
It is situated on the A375 road and the River Sid, which rises at Crowpits Covert (OSGB36 grid reference SY138963) and runs for 6 miles (10 km) to Lyme Bay at Sidmouth. Above the village is Sidbury Castle, the site of an Iron Age hill fort.
Sidbury is mentioned in the Domesday Book as the manor of Sideberia, held by Bishop Osbern of Exeter.
The Church of St Peter and St Giles has a Norman tower topped with a spire, a Saxon crypt, a gunpowder storage room dating from the Napoleonic era and a 500-year-old font. The tower has eight bells, the earliest dating from 1662 and 1663. Six more were hung in 1712, 1750, 1752, 1776 and two in 1947 to complete the present eight. Both the tower and the rest of the church are Norman but the tower was accurately rebuilt in 1884. The north aisle is possibly 13th century and the south porch Perpendicular. The windows are medieval and of various periods; the octagonal font is Perpendicular. The church is a Grade I listed building. The actress Joan Hickson, known for her lead role in the television series Miss Marple, is buried in the churchyard under her married name of Joan Bogle Butler.
The village has a primary school, a village hall, a pub (the Red Lion), and one butcher's shop also selling groceries and newspapers. There is a working watermill in the village. The manor house, Sidbury Manor, lies 1 km (0.62 mi) northwest of the village centre. There is a regular bus service to Sidmouth and Exeter.
A small hamlet of Sidbury in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, was founded by Lt. Richard Daniell, R.N. He had been native of this Devon village and was leader of Daniell party of 1820 Settlers to South Africa. He also helped found the Anglican church there and named it after his home church.

## Civil parish

In 1951 the parish had a population of 2,507. On 1 April 1974 the parish was abolished and merged with Sidmouth.

## Notable people

* Major Cyril Raikes MC
# Home State Life Insurance Company

Home State Life Insurance Company was an American insurance company based in Oklahoma that operated from 1929 to 1958, when it became part of American General Life Insurance Company. Prior to its acquisition it grew to become one of the largest firms serving Oklahoma City.
Home State Life Insurance Company offered a range of insurance products, including life, accident, and health insurance. The company also provided investment services, such as annuities and retirement plans.

## History

The company was founded by Joe D. Morris as an insurance and investment enterprise.
In 1945, Morris acquired the former India Temple Shrine Building, which he remodeled to serve as the company's offices. The building, now known as the Journal Record Building, is located in downtown Oklahoma City and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
In 1958, Home State Life Insurance Company was acquired by American General Life Insurance Company, a Houston-based insurance company. Following the acquisition, the Home State Life Insurance Company ceased to exist as a separate entity and became part of American General Life Insurance Company.
# Earl of Buckinghamshire (1814 ship)

Earl of Buckinghamshire was built at Montreal in 1814. She sailed to Britain and made two voyages to India. She then started trading between Liverpool and North America. In 1821 she carried some 600 settlers from Greenock to Quebec. Her crew abandoned her in the North Atlantic in October 1822 and she was wrecked in November when she drifted ashore at Galway Bay, Ireland.

## Career

Earl of Buckinghamshire first appeared in Lloyd's List (LR) in 1815 with M'Donald, master, Hunter & Co., owner, and trade London–Quebec.
Earl of Buckinghamshire was re-registered at Greenock, Scotland on 2 March 2, 1816 at (Port) No. 12. In 1816 LR showed her master changing from M'Donald to R. Christian, and her trade from Greenock–Montreal to Greenock–Bombay.
The British East India Company (EIC) had lost its monopoly on the trade between Britain and India in 1813, and many shipowners sailed their vessels in the trade. Her owners applied for a licence on 6 March 1816 and received it the same day.
Earl of Buckinghamshire, R. Christian, master, sailed for Bombay on 26 March 1816 under a license from the EIC. She may have made a second voyage in November 1817.
Lloyd's Register for 1819 showed Earl of Buckinghamshire's master changing from R. Christian to T. Johnston and her trade from Liverpool–Bombay to Liverpool–North of Scotland. She had undergone repairs in 1817. B y the next year her owner was Leitch & Co.
Lannark Society settlers to Canada: On 2 May 1821 Earl of Buckinghamshire ran aground at Bray Head, Ireland, during a fog. She was carrying almost 600 passengers from Greenock to Quebec. The officers of the Customs and the Preventative Service assisted in getting her off on the next tide.
There exists a diagram of her berthing arrangements that describes Earl of Buckinghamshire having 72 four-person berths, 32 three-person berths, and eight 2-person berths, for a total of 400 passengers, or two passengers per three tons of burthen. An extract from an earlier edition of a book provides detailed information on the provisions on Earl of Buckinghamshire for the settlers, and some incidents from the voyage.
Earl of Buckinghamshire, Johnson, master, arrived at the port of Quebec on 16 June with 606 passengers. She had taken 48 days to arrive from Greenock.

## Fate

On 6 October 1822 Earl of Buckinghamshire was sailing from Quebec for Greenock when a tremendous gale wrecked her and washed two crewmen overboard. The survivors remained on board until 14 October when Mary, of Workington, which had been sailing from Richibucto (Liverpool, New Brunswick), rescued the 22 surviving passengers and 22 surviving crews. Mary delivered them on 19 October to Cork. Although there was a report that Earl of Buckinghamshire had arrived in the Clyde, on 5 November the abandoned ship drifted on shore at Galway Bay and went to pieces.
# Merdith W. B. Temple

Major General Merdith Wyndham Bolling "Bo" Temple (July 8, 1953 – November 1, 2020) was a senior officer of the United States Army who served as the Acting Chief of Engineers and Acting Commanding General of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) from 2011 to 2012. He previously served as Deputy Chief of Engineers and Deputy Commanding General.

## Early life and career

Merdith Wyndham Bolling Temple was born in Richmond, Virginia, on July 8, 1953. He graduated from the Virginia Military Institute with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering and Texas A&M University with a master's degree in civil engineering. Commissioned into the United States Army in 1975, he served in operational engineering commands in Korea, the U.S., and Germany before commanding the 307th Engineer Battalion. He commanded the 20th Engineer Brigade (Combat) (Airborne) at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, from 1998 to 2000. He died of cancer on November 1, 2020, at home in Richmond, Virginia.

## Selected works

* "Cost Effectiveness of Geotechnical Investigations". Military Engineer. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. January 1987.
* How George Washington Goethals Became Chief Engineer of the Panama Canal. ASCE/EWB-USA (YouTube). 2014.
* The Southeast Anatolian Project and Middle East water: implications for NATO. USAWC strategy research project. U.S. Army War College. 1998.
* U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Change Management Strategies. Society of American Military Engineers. 2015.
# Mathias Hovius

Mathias Hovius (1542–1620), born Matthijs Van Hove, was the third Archbishop of Mechelen from 1596 to 1620. As Archbishop, Hovius presided over implementing the Catholic Reformation in the Spanish Netherlands.

## Early career

Hovius was born in Mechelen in 1542; his father was a fuller. Hovius attended the Standonck College in Mechelen, and later studied theology and philosophy at Leuven University, and was ordained priest in 1566, the year iconoclasm broke out in the Netherlands. While pastor at Saints Peter and Paul's Church in Mechelen, Hovius witnessed the Spanish Fury at Mechelen in 1572, and the English Fury at Mechelen in 1580, both during the Eighty Years' War.

## Vicar-General

Hovius was appointed vicar-general of the archdiocese of Mechelen upon the death of Archbishop Joannes Hauchin in 1589.

## Archbishop

In 1596, Hovius was consecrated the third Archbishop of Mechelen. Among his accomplishments were the founding of a seminary and the creation of a catechism with help from the Jesuits. The Mechelen Catechism remained a standard in Catholic religious education in Belgium until well into the twentieth century.
On 14 November 1599 he installed Joanne Berkeley as the first abbess of a new Benedictine convent in Brussels. The new convent had been approved by the pope and the local authorities and it was funded by Mary Percy who was one of the first nuns.
In 1607, Hovius convened a provincial council in Mechelen to implement the decrees of the Council of Trent in the archdiocese. After an official enquiry, in 1604, Hovius approved the cult of Our Lady of Scherpenheuvel, In 1606, the newly constructed shrine received a papal indulgence. He also promoted the veneration of the Martyrs of Gorkum. He was supported in his efforts by Albert and Isabella of Austria, Governors-General of the Spanish Netherlands.
Archbishop Hovius died on 30 May 1620 during a canonical visitation to Affligem Abbey.
# Henry Ferrers, 4th Baron Ferrers of Groby

Henry Ferrers, 4th Baron Ferrers of Groby (1356–1388) was a fourteenth-century English nobleman. He was a professional soldier, taking part in a number of campaigns during the reign of Richard II, served on several royal commissions, was a justice of the peace and a member of parliament.

## Youth and early life

He was the only son of William, Lord Ferrers by his father's first marriage to Margaret Uford, daughter of Robert d'Ufford, Earl of Suffolk and Margaret Norwich. He was born in Tilty Abbey, Essex on 6 February 1356, and baptised in nearby Stebbing Whilst still a minor, in the words of the family's most recent biographer, he "fell prey to the fraudulent schemes of his father's feoffees", who attempted to dispossess Henry of certain Essex and Warwickshire estates. Two of his father's feoffees, a clerk called Edmund de Stebbing and one Robert de Bradenham attempted to use a forged release, which would allow them to take the manors into their own hands. At some point, but certainly before 27 June 1371 he married Joan, possibly the daughter of Sir Thomas de Hoo of Luton Hoo; they had one son, his heir William, who had been born on 25 April 1372 in Hoo, Bedfordshire.

## Career

In 1377, he paid homage and fealty to King Edward III for his patrimony and those lands held in dower by his father's second wife Margaret, his stepmother. During the following decade, Ferrers was regularly appointed to royal commission within Leicestershire, including those of Array, Oyer and Terminer, and as a Justice of the Peace. He was also summoned to parliament as Henrico de Ferrariis de Groby from the August 1377 parliament to that of December 1387.
Ferrers was essentially a professional soldier, taking part in five campaigns during the reign of Richard II alone. He performed much royal service in the Hundred Years' War, being part of the earl of Buckingham's contingent in 1377 (in which he was a captain) and that of the duke of Lancaster in 1378. Ferrers fought again under Buckingham in the 1380-1 Brittany chevauchée. He took part in Richard II's invasion of Scotland of August 1385 where he was with Richard in the main battle. Two years later the king, with Queen Anne, stayed with Henry Ferrers at Groby whilst on a Royal progress around The Midlands.
In 1382, he and two others were found by Inquisition post mortem to be the heirs of William Ufford, Earl of Suffolk, by rights of their wives, Suffolk's sisters. He died 3 February 1388 aged 31; his wife Joan survived him, dying in 1394.
Peerage of England :
| Preceded byWilliam Ferrers | Baron Ferrers of Groby 1371–1388 | Succeeded byWilliam Ferrers |
# Skutulsfjörður

Skutulsfjörður is the westernmost fjord branching off the major Icelandic fjord of Ísafjarðardjúp. The town of Ísafjörður is located in the fjord. Two main valleys enter from Skutulsfjörður, Engidalur and Tungudalur, separated by the mountain Kubbi. On the far north side of Engidalur is the Ísafjörður cemetery. The river Langá flows through Engidalur. In Tungudalur, the town's golf course and ski area. There is a golf course and ski area in Tungudal, but from it the Vestfjarðagöng tunnel is dug across to Botnsdalur in Súgandafjörður and Breiðdalur in Önundarfjörður. Dagverðardalur or Dögurðardalur, as it was named in Gísla saga, runs up from Tungudal, but from there the main road used to run south across Breiðadalur and Botnsheiði. Furthermore, Seljalandsdalur lies up from Skutulsfjörður, but it used to be the main ski area of Ísfjörður.
The mountain located above the main part of the town is called Hlíðarfjall. About 4/5 up there is a shelf called Gleiðarhjalli. The mountain opposite the town is called Ernir. On Ernir, there are two massive depressions, often called "troll seats", named Naustahvilft and Kirkjubólshvilft, with the former being a popular hiking trail.
In 1994, an avalanche fell in the fjord and destroyed the ski area located in Seljalandsdalur and the summer houses in Tungudalur.
In ancient writings, the fjord was called Skutilsfjörður. According to a Landnáma, Helgi Hrólfsson, Helgi magri's cousin in Akureyri, gave the fjord its name.
# Alternative Light Source

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 79/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| The Guardian | |
| The Line of Best Fit | 8.5/10 |
| Mojo | |
| musicOMH | |
| The Observer | |
| Record Collector | |
| Release Magazine | 10/10 |
| Uncut | |
Alternative Light Source is the third album by the English electronic group Leftfield, released on 8 June 2015. It is the first new material following the band's 1999 album Rhythm and Stealth. It is also the first Leftfield album without Paul Daley, as well as the first since the band's return in 2010.
On 1 June 2015, the album premiere was streamed live on Leftfield's website, coupled with live tweeting about it on the band's Twitter feed with hashtag #leftfieldstream.

## Critical reception

Nick Annan of Clash said "Alternative Light Source is a worthy successor to Rhythm & Stealth, not as sparse or hard hitting but brimming with energy, ideas and familiar Leftfield diaphragm-rattling bass." Mojo's Stephen Worthy commented that Neil Barnes "meets the challenge" of releasing a followup to Leftfield's previous albums that went platinum, and said that the album, "...aided by a clutch of judicious guest appearances, balances crowd-pleasing festival epics, intense techy workouts and bubbling synth lullabies."

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 42 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 31 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 111 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 31 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 74 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 6 |
# Empowerment School

An Empowerment School was a school using the Empowerment Support Organization of the New York City Department of Education (DOE). Eric Nadelstern was in charge.

## History

The program was founded in 2004 as a pilot program. Empowerment Schools were a class of schools which claimed to offer more autonomy in choosing a curriculum. Principals of Empowerment Schools had greater autonomy from the DOE in terms of management, instruction, and budget, if they agreed to meet performance goals. The claim was that the transfer of management duties from the DOE to the schools would allow the schools to operate with less bureaucracy, saving money. The DOE offered fewer centralized services, and passed more money on to the Empowerment Schools in increased budget, but charged the schools for services that had formerly been supplied for free.
In April 2006, 332 principals opted into the program. In the spring of 2007, the DOE required each school to choose a school support organization, to take effect for the 2007-2008 school year; the empowerment school program became one of those school support organizations.
At the program's peak in the 2007-2008 school year, there were 22 Empowerment School Networks, supporting 500 schools.
# Dognina veltini

Dognina veltini is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It has been recorded from Costa Rica south to Bolivia.
# Home Stuff

Home Stuff is a 1921 American silent comedy film directed by Albert H. Kelley and starring Viola Dana, Tom Gallery and Josephine Crowell.

## Cast

* Viola Dana as Madge Joy
* Tom Gallery as Robert Deep
* Josephine Crowell as 'Ma' Deep
* Nelson McDowell as 'Pa' Deep
* Priscilla Bonner as Susan Deep
* James Robert Chandler as Mr. 'Pat'
* Aileen Manning as Mrs. 'Pat'
* Philip Sleeman as Jim Sackett
# Gungo

Gungo is a town and commune of Angola, located in the province of Cuanza Sul.