OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leo Gershoy

Leo Gershoy (September 27, 1897 - March 12, 1975) was a history professor at New York University from 1940 to 1975. In his name the American Historical Association awards an annual prize for the best new book on 17th- or 18th-century European history. An annual lecture at New York University is also named for him.
Gershoy received his B.A., M.A., and PhD from Cornell University. Before New York University, he also taught at Columbia University, Cornell University, his alma mater, University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of Chicago.

## Works

Gershoy, Leo (1932). The French Revolution, 1789-1799. International Thomson Publishing. ISBN 978-0-03-082832-4.
Gershoy, Leo (1933). The French Revolution and Napoleon. Appleton-Century.
Gershoy, Leo (1963). From despotism to revolution, 1763-1789. Rise of modern Europe. Harper & Row.
Gershoy, Leo (1979). The Era of the French Revolution, 1789-1799: Ten Years That Shook the World. Rise of modern Europe. Krieger Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-89874-718-8.
# Guercif Airfield

Guercif Airfield is an abandoned military airfield in Morocco, located about 4 km northeast of Guercif (Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate); 400 km east-northeast of Casablanca, near the Algerian border.

## History

During World War II the airfield's primary use was for tactical photographic reconnaissance and C-47 Skytrain troop carrier and logistics operations by the Twelfth Air Force. The airfield was constructed as a temporary facility, with a hard earth or pierced steel planking (PSP) runway and parking apron. with few or no permanent structures, Tents were used for ground support operations and personnel billeting.
The first operations from the airfield began at the beginning of April 1943, soon after its construction by Army Engineers when the 111th Observation Squadron (Medium) of the 68th Observation Group began flying A-20 Havoc reconnaissance and photographic observation missions. The squadron remained at the airfield until it moved to Nouvion Airfield, Algeria at the end of May.
A few days later, elements of the 316th Troop Carrier Group, the 36th, and 45th Squadrons began arriving on the airfield at the end of May. Group HQ moved in a few days later from Nouvion, Algeria. The group flew operational missions as part of the North African Campaign from the airfield until the end of June when the unit moved up to Enfidaville Airfield, Tunisia to better support the advancing Allied forces. After the 316th moved east, the airfield was dismantled and the land returned to civil authorities.
Today the airfield is an open, undeveloped area seen on aerial photography northeast of the town.
# Menilmontant brook

The Menilmontant brook is an old and small river in Paris.

## The brook

Originally, the brook originated from several small creeks descending from the hills of Ménilmontant, Belleville, Montmartre, Pre-Saint-Gervais. It was bypassing the hill of Ménilmontant before sending itself into the Seine River at the level of the present Bassin de l'Arsenal, upstream Paris.
This brook is mentioned for the first time in a charter given by the king of France Dagobert I, in 629, for the establishment of a fair.

## The Great Sewer

With the increase of the population of Paris, the evacuation of the waste water takes more and more importance. In the 16th century, the brook was channeled and transformed into sewer: the Grand Égout (Great Sewer). Its course was modified and lengthened, forming a large loop around the city limits. It began at the site of the present Place de la Republique, and then moved westward by the rue du Château-d'Eau, the rue des Petites-Écuries, the rue Richer, the Rue de Provence, the rue Roquépine, the rue de Penthièvre, the rue du Colisée and the rue Marbeuf and finally the Seine river where it ended, between the pont de l'Alma and the Place du Trocadéro.
In the 1760s, Jean-Joseph de Laborde covered the Great Sewer for reasons of public health. It is notably the Rue de Provence with an East-West route that covers the Great Sewer and makes disappear the small pont d'Arcans (Arcans bridge). This bridge allowed to cross the Grand Sewer at approximate level of the rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin today.
On the other hand, Jean-Joseph de Laborde obtained the right to subdivide and sell the land he owned on rue de Provence and rue d'Artois, now rue Laffitte.
Totally filled during the extension of the city, the Menilmontant brook finally disappeared completely. It is found, however, in the name of the street Passage du Ruisseau-de-Ménilmontant which means 'passage of the Menilmontant brook', located in the 20th arrondissement of Paris.
# Echinix

Echinix is a genus of air-breathing land semi-slugs. Echinix is the only genus in the subfamily Echinichinae, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Xanthonychoidea. This genus and family was described in December 2012.

## Distribution

The subfamily Echinichinae is endemic to states Tamaulipas and Querétaro in northeastern Mexico.

## Species

Species in the genus Echinix include:
* Echinix ochracea Thompson & Naranjo-García, 2012
* Echinix granulata Thompson & Naranjo-García, 2012
* Echinix rugosa Thompson & Naranjo-García, 2012

## Description

Species in the genus Echinix are semi-slugs, which have their shells completely hidden under the mantle. There are numerous glandular papillae on the dorsal part of the body. Dart sac is a part of its reproductive system.
# Anis Lassoued

Anis Lassoued (born 1972 in Nabeul, Tunisia) is a Tunisian film director, screenwriter and film producer. Many of his films feature young actors.

## Biography

Lassoued completed his studies in film direction at the Institut Maghrébin de Cinéma (Maghreb Institute of Cinema, IMC, Tunis) and continued his studies in cinematography at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. Then he did internships at La Fémis, the film and television school of the Paris Sciences et Lettres University, and at GSARA (Groupe socialiste d'action et de réflexion sur l'audiovisuel) in Liège, Belgium.
With the Tunisian actress, screenwriter and film producer Chema Ben Chaabane he founded the film production company Lumières Films in 2013.

## Filmography

Lassoued's films include:
| Year | Film | Genre | Role | Duration (min) |
| 2002 | Les Poupées de sucre de Nabeul | Fiction short | Director | 34 m |
| 2005 | Saba Flouss / The Magic Drop / Magic Harvest | Drama fiction short | Director and screenwriter | 18 m |
| 2009 | Un été à Sidi Bouzekri | Documentary portrait | Director and co-screenwriter with Chema Ben Chaabane | 45 m |
| 2012 | Sabbat El-Aïd / Souliers de l'Aïd (Les) / My Shoes | Drama fiction short | Director and co-screenwriter | 30 m |
| 2012 | L'Opposant / The opponent | Political documentary portrait | Director | 78 m |
| 2018 | Majnoun Al-Bahr / Le Fou de la Mer / Mad for the sea by Wassim Korbi | Documentary short on the painter Raouf Gara | Supervising producer | 27 m |
| 2022 | Une seconde vie (Gadeha) / Gadeha: A Second Life | Drama fiction feature | Director and co-screenwriter with Chema Ben Chaabane | 93 m |

## Awards

Lassoued's films obtained two prizes and two nominations, such as:
| Film | Festival | Award |
| Saba Flouss / The Magic Drop | Dubai International Film Festival | 2006 Winner Muhr Award |
| Gadeha: A Second Life | SCHLINGEL International Film Festival for children and young audience | 2022 Winner SLM Top Award, Best International Feature Film |
# Eldred Nathaniel Woodcock

Eldred Nathaniel Woodcock (1846-1917) was a famous hunter and trapper of Potter County, Pennsylvania. He wrote stories about his life and experiences which were published in the Hunter-Trader-Trapper Magazine between 1903 and 1913. His stories were compiled into a book titled Fifty Years a Hunter and Trapper, and published by A. R. Harding Publishing Company of St. Louis, Missouri in 1913.

## Background

Eldred Woodcock was born August 30, 1846, in Lymansville, Potter County, Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Isaac Lyman was a Major in the Revolutionary War.
   Lymansville was named after my grandparent, Isaac Lyman, or better known as Major Lyman, having held office of that rank in the Revolutionary War. It is from this limb of the family that I inherited that uncontrollable desire for the trap, gun and the wild.
Eldred's father owned a grist mill and a saw mill that were about one-half mile apart, and Eldred began trapping at a very early age, along the mill races and ponds. He camped, hunted and trapped in a section of Potter County known as The Black Forest, and killed his first bear at the age of thirteen.
Eldred Nathaniel Woodcock died January 15, 1917, and is buried in the Lymansville Cemetery, Potter County, Pennsylvania.

## Books

Fifty Years a Hunter and Trapper, published by A. R. Harding, 1913
# Arise

Arise or arose may refer to:
* Ghost in the Shell: Arise, a 2013 series of films based on the manga by Masamune Shirow
* Arise (horse) (born 1946), American Thoroughbred racehorse
* Arise (film), a 2010 feature film documentary
* |Arise!: the SubGenius Video, a 1992 comedic documentary covering the Church of the SubGenius
* Arise India, an electronic manufacturing company in India
* Arise News, a world news TV channel
* Arise: A Simple Story, a video game

## Music

* Arise (band), a Swedish heavy metal band
* Arise! (Amebix album), 1985
* Arise Volume 3, a 2009 album by Rebellion
* Arise (Planetshakers album)
* Arise (Sepultura album), 1991
* Arise (Zara McFarlane album), 2017

### Songs

* "Arise" (Sepultura song), 1991
* "Arise" (Flyleaf song)
* "Arise!", an alternate name for "March of the Volunteers", the Chinese national anthem
* "Arise", a song by Avalon from the album Reborn
* "Arise", a song by Chevelle from the album Hats Off to the Bull
* "Arise", a song by Samuel E. Wright from the Disney 1990 album Sebastian from The Little Mermaid
* "Arise!", a song by Armenian composer Robert Amirkhanyan
* "Arose", a song by Eminem from the album Revival

## Acronym

ARISE may refer to:
* ARISE Detroit!, a coalition of community groups in Detroit
* ARISE, an Anti-Racism, Imperialism, Sectarianism and Exploitation campaign organised by Ógra Shinn Féin
# Guerciotti

Guerciotti are an Italian company that produce cyclocross, road, time trial, track and mountain bikes. Their top racing bikes "exemplify the Italian racing bicycle paradigm".

## History

The company was founded in 1964 outside Milan, Italy, by brothers and former cyclocross racers, Paolo and Italo Guerciotti, with advice and assistance from Cino Cinelli. In 1976, Guerciotti began sponsoring professional road cycling teams, supplying bikes to the Fiorella Mocassini team. In the following years, teams such as Fiorella Citroën, Magniflex Fam Cucine, Santini Selle Italia, Alfa Lum cycling team, and Dromedario Sidermec rode Guerciotti bikes. During this period, the Magniflex Fam Cucine team won 5 stages in the 1979 Giro d'Italia, and finished 3rd overall with Bernt Johansson.
In 1977, Paolo Guerciotti founded the GS Guerciotti cyclocross team. This team would go on to enjoy incredible success, winning two professional and seven amateur world championships.
In 1984, Antonio Mondonico became a partner and supervised the production of about 2,000 frames a year. However, the partnership with Mondonico ended in 1989.
In 2000, Alessandro, Paolo Guerciotti's son, was officially incorporated into the company and other markets such as South Africa and Asia (Japan, Malesya, South Korea and Taiwan) were opened up. From 2005, professional teams such as L.P.R. Brakes-Farnese Vini and Androni Giocattoli-Sidermec supported. In 2008, Gilberto Simoni rode a Guerciotti in the Giro d'Italia and Alessandro Bertolini won a stage.
From 2013 the Team CCC Development Team was supported and since 2019 the UCI ProTeam Bardiani CSF Faizanè.

## Current range

Guerciotti continues to produce bicycles in the traditional manner using steel, carbon fibre and aluminium.
# Happy (Real Life album)

Happy is the fourth studio album by Australian new wave band Real Life. The album was released in October 1997. At the time of release, Real Life consisted of David Sterry, Danny Simcic, Allan Johnson and George Pappas.
A 1999 limited edition release of Happy featured a bonus remix album called Happier.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Tomas Mureika from AllMusic said "The cover speaks volumes. The head that looks like a scary, puffy fish is indicative of the [band's] new direction... still very much in the synth pop vein, but now with a dangerous, dark gothic edge" adding "This is a dark, brooding record, but one which would craft the persona of Real Life for the next decade. Still very hook-laden, still very danceable -- but darker, more ominous and definitively more goth."

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| United States of America | 1997 | CD | Momentum Record | MOM1001 |
| Australia | 1998 | CD | Blah Blah Blah | BBB0072 |
| Australia | 1999 | 2xCD | Blah Blah Blah | BBB0072 |
# Eddie Blake

Eddie Blake may refer to:
* Eddie Blake (Watchmen), a Watchmen character
* Eddie Blake (American football) (born 1969), American football offensive guard
* Eddie Blake (sprinter), U.S. champion over 600 yards at the 1931 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
# Henry Donn

Henry Donn (otherwise Henry Dunn) (died 21 September 1586) was one of the conspirators executed for his involvement in the Babington Plot, a plot in 1586 to assassinate Queen Elizabeth, a Protestant, and put Mary, Queen of Scots, a Catholic, on the English throne.
Dunn came from a fairly wealthy Catholic family. He was the son of Christopher Dunn, of Addington, Kent. All parish records give the name as Dunn. The Lord of the Manor was Thomas Watton (1547–1622), married to Martha Roper, a great-granddaughter of Sir Thomas More. Watton was fined for recusancy during the reign of James I, but towards the end of his life joined the Church of England. (Calendar of State Papers Domestic, 1603–1610). Henry would have been one of Christopher Dunn's youngest children, as three of his siblings married at Addington Church between 1570 and 1576. In "A brief account of the many Rebellions & Conspiracies against Queen Elizabeth etc. etc.", Henry Dunne is described as clerk in the Office of First Fruits and Tenths. (Calendar of State Paper, Domestic, 1581–1590).
Henry Dunn's final address from the scaffold and his execution were recorded in the Calendar of Scottish Papers, 1547–1603, ed. William K. Boyd, Vol. IV, 1586-8 under: 1586 Sep 21: Confession of Salusburie and others. Part of Dunn's address follows:
"I lyved here joyfullie and pleasantlie under her majestie, and tenne weeks agoe I mette with Anthonie Babington, who toulde me of all his treasons and devises, & he urged me thereunto to give my consent, but I refused and disswaded him also. Then he toulde me that I was one whom he loved well, & therefore he woulde bestowe me we$^m$ (SIC). And soe urged me againe. And to confes a truthe, I said I would doe the best I coulde and consented." At the end of his confession, in which he used the word "sorrowfull" four times, he begged: "Last of all I hastelie aske my prince forgiveness & I praie she & one & all maie be eternized with eternall blessedness." He then politely refused to say the Lord's Prayer in English and intoned it in Latin before being "thrown off the ladder, where he hanged until he was thoroughlie dead". Henry Dunn's father had also been examined, on 10 August 1586, but he denied any knowledge of the affair and was exonerated.
# Michael Dougan

Michael Dougan is Professor of European Law and Jean Monnet Chair in EU Law, at the University of Liverpool. He came to the attention of social media users in the United Kingdom when a video of one of his lectures was uploaded to YouTube and other social media platforms, in which he dissected the academic validity and honesty of the legal arguments presented by those advocating the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union – more commonly known as "Brexit" – in the lead up to the June 2016 referendum. During the approximately 25 minute long viral clip, Dougan surmises the Leave campaign as "degenerat[ing] into dishonesty on an industrial scale".
Dougan has provided both written and live expert testimony to the UK Parliament; submitting to the House of Commons' European Scrutiny Committee and Foreign Affairs Select Committee, as well as the House of Lords European Union Committee, amongst others. He has also acted as an external advisor to UK Government departments on important EU legal developments, including discussions about the enactment of the European Union Act 2011, as well as the Review of the Balance of Competences Between the UK and the EU. Additionally, he has acted as a fact checker for BBC News "Reality Check" service during the Brexit referendum.
He is a joint editor of the Common Market Law Review, a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed law journal covering European Union law.
# Advantage-studio

The Advantage-studio, created in 1987, is a French independent production company, specialising in producing documentaries with themes including: nature, the animal world and contemporary societies, either as full producer or as executive producer. Advantage-studio documentaries are regularly broadcast on French television.

## Current projects

Advantage-studio's current projects include:
* Adoption, des chaînes et des passions: a 52-minute documentary film about international adoption
* Militsia au jour le jour: a 52-minute documentary film about the Russian police
* Russian Ballets: a 52-minute documentary film about the life of a Russian dance ballet troupe

## Recent filmography

* Nouvelle-Zélande, une île nature (52 minutes)
* L'homme qui a vu le lynx (15 minutes)
* Carnets éthiopiens (52 minutes)
* Excès de z'ailes (52 minutes)
* Hors-piste dans les Andes (52 minutes)
* Uyuni, aux bons soins d'Éole (26 minutes)
* Dans le cochon ... (52 minutes)
* Tout un fromage (52 minutes)
* Demain la Taïga (52 minutes)
* De Retour de St. Pétersbourg (52 minutes)
* Le cerf : un décor pour 2 destins (52 minutes)
* La grive : voyages et ramages (52 minutes)
# Home State

Home State is the debut studio album of American country music singer Jordan Davis. It was released via MCA Records Nashville on March 23, 2018, a week before Davis’ 30th birthday. The album contains Davis's debut single "Singles You Up" and his sophomore single "Take It from Me". The album's third single, "Slow Dance in a Parking Lot" released to country radio on April 22, 2019. The album also contains ten other songs, all of which Davis co-wrote.

## Content

Davis co-wrote every song on the album. It was produced by Paul DiGiovanni, who was the lead guitarist of the band Boys Like Girls. In advance of the album's release, Davis embarked on a headlining tour in February 2018.

## Critical reception

Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic wrote that "When the tempos are swift and the production bustling -- "Take It from Me" and especially "Singles You Up," a frothy bit of country-pop that leaves a surprisingly indelible imprint—he seems to be the ringleader at happy hour, but when things slow down, as they do on "More Than I Know" and "Made That Way," he seems sensitive." Annie Reuter of Sounds Like Nashville reviewed the album positively, stating that "Overall a standout debut that highlights Davis' ability as both a vocalist and a songwriter, Home State marries big sounds and production with the vulnerability of his lyrics for a truly enjoyable listen."

## Commercial performance

Home State debuted at No. 6 on Top Country Albums and No. 47 the Billboard 200, selling 6,000 copies, or 11,000 album-equivalent units including streams and tracks. The album has sold 16,900 copies in the United States as of August 2018. The album has been streamed over 500 million times as of May 20, 2019.

## Personnel

* Joeie Canaday - bass guitar
* Matt Cappy - flugelhorn, trumpet, horn arrangements
* Jordan Davis - lead vocals
* Paul DiGiovanni - banjo, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, programming, background vocals
* Jason Gantt - programming
* Austin Jenckes - background vocals
* Tony Lucido - bass guitar
* Heather Morgan - background vocals
* Jonathan Singleton - background vocals
* Katie Stevens - background vocals
* Bryan Sutton - banjo, acoustic guitar, mandolin
* Ilya Toshinsky - banjo, acoustic guitar, mandolin
* Derek Wells - electric guitar
* Nir Z. - drums, percussion

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Maso Karipe

Maso Karipe (died 7 November 2023) was a Papua New Guinean politician of the Pangu Party.

## Biography

The customary indigenous co-owner of the Porgera Gold Mine, Karipe was one of the community representatives with the Canadian mining company Barrick Gold. In response to violence within his community, he donated five tires to the local police to replace the used tires on their vehicles.
In the 2022 legislative election, Karipe was an independent candidate for the newly created constituency of Porgera-Paiela. Shortly before election day, his personal property was destroyed by armed men from a neighboring community. However, he was still victorious on the platform of restoring security and order to his constituency, and he joined the Pangu Party shortly after entering Parliament.
Speaking in Parliament after his election, Karipe announced that the intense violence made it difficult to reopen the Porgera Gold Mine and obtained funds allocated for maintaining order in Porgera. He used his parliamentary funds to pay the tuition fees of students in his constituency, as well as to contribute to maintaining order.
The Porgera mine was partially nationalized at the end of 2022, with the Papua New Guinean government owning 36%, the indigenous community owning 15%, and Barrick Gold owning 49%.
Suffering from stomach cancer, Maso Karipe frequently travelled to Australia beginning October 2022. He died in Brisbane on 7 November 2023.
# Happy (Travis song)

"Happy" is the fourth single to be taken from Indie band Travis' debut album, Good Feeling. Since the release of the single, until the end of 2007, "Happy" was typically used as the encore song during their live concerts. The single reached number 38 on the UK singles chart.

## Track listing

* UK CD1
* "Happy" - 4:16
* "Unbelievers" - 3:49
* "Everyday Faces" - 3:48
* UK CD2 / 7" Vinyl / Cassette
* "Happy" - 4:16
* "When I'm Feeling Blue (Days of the Week)" - 3:25
* "Mother" - 2:28