OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Edith Sarah Louisa Boulton

Edith Sarah Louisa Boulton (1847 – November 14, 1912) was a Canadian philanthropist and imperialist.
The daughter of James Boulton, a barrister, and Margaret Neilina Fortye, she was born in Toronto. Her grandfather D’Arcy Boulton had been attorney-general for Upper Canada.
In 1871, Boulton married Toronto businessman Samuel Nordheimer; the couple had eight daughters and three sons. She contributed to various Toronto institutions including the Infants' Home, the Hillcrest Convalescent Hospital, the Ladies' Work Depository, the Working Boys' Home, the Children's Aid Society and St. James’ Cathedral. Boulton also served on the board of governors for the Victorian Order of Nurses, was president of the local Red Cross Society and helped found the Female Immigrants Receiving Home. In 1904, she became vice-president of the Toronto South African Memorial Association.
The Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (IODE) was established in Toronto in 1901 by a group of Ontario women with Boulton serving as its national president. The Federation of the Daughters of the Empire had been founded in Montreal the previous year but it was later decided to relocate the head office and change the name of the organization. The aim of the IODE was to promote closer ties between Canada and the British Empire. Boulton was a skilled organizer even if somewhat autocratic by nature; under her leadership the organization grew to 10,000 members with chapters across Canada and in the United States, The Bahamas, Bermuda, the Dominion of Newfoundland and India. After dissatisfaction with a delegation sent to England to attend the coronation of George V, she resigned as president in 1911 but was named patroness of the order the following year.
The couple lived in a 35-room mansion known as Glen Edyth, once considered "the finest private house in Toronto" but since demolished to allow the construction of new homes, which was located on a 25-acre estate. The current Glen Edyth Drive was originally a carriageway for the estate.
She died in Toronto at the age of 65. She was named a Lady of Grace of the Order of St John of Jerusaleml.
The children of Edith Boulton and Samuel Nordheimer were Stuart Fitzroy Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1872), Julia Melina Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1874), Samuel Max Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1876), Athol Gordon Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1877), Adeline Matilda Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1878), Edith Vera Boulton Nordheimer and Errol Louisa Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1879 - twins), Cecil Evelyn Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1881), May Estelle Boulton Nordheimer (b. 1883), G. Roy Boulton Nordheimer and Albert Boulton Nordheimer.
# Donald Keith (actor)

Donald Keith (born Francis Feeney, September 6, 1903 – August 1, 1969) was an American silent film actor remembered for costarring with Clara Bow in several films in the 1920s. He occasionally appeared in films under the aliases of Francis Feeney and Eugene O'Brien. Keith married Kathryn Spicuzza at the Church of the Blessed Sacrament in Hollywood on February 27, 1927. His screen career ended in 1936.

## Partial filmography

* Secrets (1924)
* K – The Unknown (1924)
* Baree, Son of Kazan (1925)
* Parisian Love (1925)
* The Boomerang (1925)
* Free to Love (1925)
* With This Ring (1925)
* My Lady of Whims (1925)
* The Plastic Age (1925)
* Dancing Mothers (1926)
* Collegiate (1926)
* We're in the Navy Now (1926)
* The Cruise of the Hellion (1927)
* Broadway Madness (1927)
* The Whirlwind of Youth (1927)
* Special Delivery (1927)
* The Way of All Flesh (1927)
* Wild Geese (1927)
* Bare Knees (1928)
* Top Sergeant Mulligan (1928)
* The Devil's Cage (1928)
* Should a Girl Marry? (1928)
* Comrades (1928)
* Just Off Broadway (1929)
* The Lone Wolf's Daughter (1929)
* Branded Men (1931)
* The Midnight Lady (1932)
* The Arm of the Law (1932)
* Speed Madness (1932)
* Outlaw Justice (1932)
* The Big Bluff (1933)
# Shi Ping (aircraft designer)

Shi Ping (Chinese: 石屏; pinyin: Shí Píng; 25 March 1934 – 10 May 2016) was a Chinese aircraft designer, who is responsible for the development of the two-seat intermediate jet trainer Hongdu JL-8. He was a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

## Biography

Shi was born on 25 March 1934 in Poyang County, Jiangxi. He obtained a bachelor's degree from Nanjing Aeronautical Institute in 1956. He was assigned to Hongdu Machinery-building Factory as a designer after his graduation. He was a designer of Nanchang CJ-6, Nanchang Q-5 and Dongfeng-103 between 1950s and 1970s. Shi was appointed as the chief designer for Hongdu JL-8 in 1987.
In 2003, Shi was elected a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was the chief designer of Hongdu Aviation Industry Group as well as the adjunct professor of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1994–2016), Nanchang Institute of Aeronautical Technology (2003–16) and Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (2004–16).
Shi died on 10 May 2016 at the age of 82 in Nanchang.
# Laurie Brand

Laurie Ann Brand (born February 25, 1956) is a professor of international relations at the University of Southern California School of International Relations. Professor Brand specializes in the international relations of the Middle East, including political economy of the region and inter-Arab relations. She received her B.S. in French from Georgetown University, her M.A. in International Affairs from Columbia University, and her Ph.D. in Comparative Politics from the same institution. She served as president of Middle East Studies Association of North America in 2004.

## Publications

* Brand, Laurie (2006). Citizens Abroad: Emigration and the State in the Middle East and North Africa. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85805-4.
* Brand, Laurie (1998). Women, the State, and Political Liberalization. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11267-X.
* Brand, Laurie (1995). Jordan's Inter-Arab Relations. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-10097-3.
* Brand, Laurie (1988). Palestinians in the Arab World: Institution Building and the Search for State. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231067232. ASIN: B000GRAZBG.
# HD 14412

HD 14412 is a single star in the southern constellation of Fornax. It has the Gould designation 22 G. Fornacis, while HD 14412 is the Henry Draper Catalogue designation. The star has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.33, which, according to the Bortle scale, can be dimly seen with the naked eye from rural locations. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 77.9″, this system is 42 light-years distant from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +7.5 km/s.
This star has a stellar classification of G8V, indicating that it is a main-sequence star. Based upon stellar models, it has 82% of the Sun's mass and 77% of the radius. HD 14412 is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 3.26 km/s and is about 9.61 billion years old. It is radiating 44% of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,482 K, giving it the yellow-hued glow of a G-type star.
HD 14412 has been examined for signs of an orbiting debris disk or a planetary companion, but as of 2012 none has been discovered.
# Didaskalia

Didaskalia or didascalia may refer to:
* Didaskalia (journal)
* Didascalia Apostolorum
* Didaskalia Iakobou
* Εισαγωγική Διδασκαλία by Daniel Moscopolites
# Edith Schlüssel

Edith Schlüssel was a Danish film editor active from 1934 to 1972. She often worked with director Carl Theodor Dreyer.

## Selected filmography

* Bedroom Mazurka (1970)
* Eric Soya's '17' (1965)
* Gertrud (1964)
* Tre må man være (1959)
* The Man Who Couldn't Say No (1958)
* Soldaterkammerater (1958)
* Sønnen fra Amerika (1957)
* Ordet (1955)
* Det gælder livet (1953)
* Min søn Peter (1953)
* Hejrenæs (1953)
* Dorte (1951)
* I gabestokken (1950)
* Det gælder os alle (1949)
* Lucky Journey (1947)
* My Name Is Petersen (1947)
* Letter from the Dead (1946)
* The Invisible Army (1945)
* Mens sagføreren sover (1945)
* Otte akkorder (1944)
* Day of Wrath (1943)
* Peter Andersen (1941)
* Panserbasse (1936)
* Snushanerne (1936)
* Week-end (1935)
* Kidnapped (1935)
* Ud i den kolde sne (1934)
# Gunn rat

The Gunn rat, discovered by Charles Kenneth Gunn, was a mutant laboratory rat discovered in 1934 at the Connaught Laboratory in Toronto, Canada. These rats were jaundiced and the defect (a lack of the enzyme uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase) was transmitted as an autosomal recessive characteristic. Gunn, a geneticist, bred them at Connaught and later moved to Summerside, Prince Edward Island, Canada, to head up the Canadian Experimental Fox Ranch. The animal model has been used to develop experimental treatments for Crigler–Najjar syndrome.
# Megalographa

Megalographa is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Megalographa agualaniata (Dognin, 1912)
* Megalographa biloba (Stephens, 1830)
* Megalographa bonaerensis (Berg, 1882)
* Megalographa culminicola Barbut and Piñas, 2007
* Megalographa monoxyla (Dyar, 1913)
* Megalographa talamanca Lafontaine and Sullivan, 2009
# Shime-daiko

The shime-daiko (締め太鼓) is a small Japanese drum. It has a short but wide body with animal skin drumheads on both its upper and bottom sides. The hide is first stretched on metal hops, then stretched over the body. Similar to the tsuzumi and to African talking drums, both drum heads are bound together with cords so that the drum heads are bound by each other. Like the larger taiko drums, the shime-daiko is played with sticks called "bachi," while it's suspended on a stand. Being very taut, the shime-daiko has a higher pitch than that of normal taiko. Shime-daiko are used in various Japanese music ensembles, from nagauta, hayashi, taiko, to folk music, or min'yō ensembles.

## Etymology

The word "shime-daiko" comes from a larger word "tsukeshime-daiko" (付締め太鼓) often shortened to simply, "shime-daiko" or "shime". The prefix "tsukeshime" (付締め) incorporates the verbs tsukeru (付ける, "to fasten; to attach"), and shimeru (締める, "to fasten; to tie"); the compound connotes a tight, secure fastening.
# Layered coding

Layered coding is a type of data compression for digital video or digital audio where the result of compressing the source video data is not just one compressed data stream, as in other types of compression, but multiple streams, called layers, allowing decompression even if some layers are missing.

## Overview

With layered coding, multiple data streams or layers are created when compressing the original video stream. This is in contrast to other types of compression, where the result is typically a single data stream.
During decompression, all layers can be combined to recreate the original video stream. Additionally, the stream can be decoded even if some layers are missing (though usually a layer hierarchy has to be respected, with a base layer that must available). If layers are missing, the resulting stream will have reduced visual quality, but will still be usable.

## Use cases

Layered coding is helpful when the same video stream needs to be available in different qualities, for example for adaptive bitrate streaming. Without layered coding, the source video stream must be encoded multiple times to obtain compressed streams with different qualities and bitrates. Layered coding allows only encoding a single time, because streams with different qualities can be obtained by discarding layers.

## Related technologies

Layered coding is similar to multiple description coding in that both produce multiple compressed streams that can be combined. However, with multiple description coding the different streams are independent of each other, so any subset can be decoded, providing additional flexibility.
Scalable Video Coding is a video compression standard that makes use of layered coding.
# HD 168746

HD 168746 is a Sun-like star with a close orbiting exoplanet in the constellation of Serpens. With an apparent visual magnitude of 7.95, it is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye but is easily visible with binoculars or a small telescope. The distance to this system is 136 light years based on parallax measurements, and it is drifting further away from the Sun with a radial velocity of 25.6 km/s.
This is an old G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G5V. The level of magnetic activity in the chromosphere is negligible. It has just 90% of the mass of the Sun but a 7% larger radius. The star is radiating a 4% greater luminosity than the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,637 K.
In 2019 the HD 168746 planetary system was chosen as part of the NameExoWorlds campaign organised by the International Astronomical Union to mark to 100th anniversary of the organisation. Each country was assigned a star and planet to be named with HD 168746 being assigned to Cyprus. The winning proposal named the star Alasia, an ancient name for Cyprus, and the planet Onasilos after an ancient Cypriot physician identified in the Idalion Tablet, one of the oldest known legal contracts.

## Planetary system

In 2006, the exoplanet HD 168746 b was discovered by Exoplanet group at the Geneva Observatory with the radial velocity method using the CORALIE spectrograph on the Swiss 1.2-metre Leonard Euler Telescope. At the time it was one of the lowest minimum mass planets that had been discovered.
The HD 168746 planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b (Onasilos) | >0.23 M$_J$ | 0.065 | 6.403 ± 0.001 | 0.081 ± 0.029 | — | — |
# Duncan Buchanan

George Duncan Buchanan (c. 1935 – 2012) was a South African Anglican bishop.
Duncan Buchanan grew up in Johannesburg, and became a priest in the Anglican Diocese of Natal. He was rector of the parish of Warner Beach in the early 1960s, and at the beginning of 1966 moved to Grahamstown to teach at St Paul's Theological College.
Buchanan succeeded John Suggit as warden of St Paul’s Theological College, Grahamstown, where he taught pastoral counseling.
He was Dean of Johannesburg and later bishop of Johannesburg.
During his episcopal ministry he chaired and made a significant contribution to the 1998 Lambeth Conference's committee on human sexuality.
Like most Anglican bishops in South Africa during the apartheid years he was drawn into anti-apartheid activism.

## Publications

* The Counselling of Jesus. Hodder and Stoughton. 1985. ISBN 978-0-340-36867-1.
* Closer to God Reading the Bible in the Power of the Holy Spirit. Struik Publishers. 2002. ISBN 978-1-86823-490-5.
# Dirphia horcana

Dirphia horcana is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
# Michael K. Clifford

Michael K. Clifford is an American education investor and consultant, and a proponent of education.

## Early life

Initially following his father's trade as a musician, Clifford converted to Christianity in his mid-twenties. Contacts made through faith-based non-profit organizations introduced him to John Sperling and Brian Mueller, and he moved into the field of online higher education. Working as a fundraiser for faith-based organizations brought Clifford to the notice of Pat Robertson, and he co-managed Robertson's 1988 bid for the U.S. presidency.

## Career

Michael K. Clifford's early business practices involved identifying and purchasing nonprofit colleges and converting them to for-profit institutions. He was also involved in the creation of the Jack Welch Management Institute.
From 1999 to 2005, Michael Clifford was the President of TeleUniversity, the progenitor of The University of Arizona Global Campus.
In 2004 Clifford bought Grand Canyon University on behalf of Dream Center Education Holdings.
In 2007 Clifford co-founded American Way Education the owner of Los Angeles College International. In 2012, the college closed.
In 2008, a Clifford entity paid $5.25 million to buy a Cleveland, Ohio college, Myers University, out of bankruptcy and Clifford renamed it Chancellor University. During his tenure, at a full faculty and staff meeting, Clifford lauded the teaching of business courses and flat-out insulted liberal arts professors and their classes. A former university administrator said that he viewed the school's leadership as "callous, anti-intellectual, insensitive ego-freaks." He added that "their quest for the Holy Grail of an on-line money fountain was ill-advised and obviously unsuccessful."
Clifford bought a bible college in Memphis in 2009, named it Victory University, and installed former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee as chancellor. That school closed in 2014.
In 2010, Clifford was profiled in the PBS documentary College Inc., which examined the effects of and failures surrounding the for-profit college industry.
In 2013, Clifford created DreamDegree, an unaccredited online learning portal. He founded Significant Systems, a consultancy firm for higher education institutions, which later rebranded as SignificantFederation.
In 2017, Clifford was a key player in the creation of Dream Center Education Holdings, LLC., a subsidiary of Dream Center Foundation. Dream Center Education Holdings, LLC. purchased the failing assets of Education Management Corporation (EDMC) which includes Art Institutes, Argosy University, and South University in the hopes to convert them into non-profit institutions in order to avoid for-profit oversight.
# Aliculastrum secalinum

Aliculastrum secalinum is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Haminoeidae.

## Description

(Original description in Latin) A cylindrically ovate shell featuring a small fissure, with the apex slightly truncated and minimally perforated. The shell has a horn-colored, semi-opaque appearance, and is entirely marked by transverse striations, which are more widely spaced and faint in the middle. The aperture is linear, with an oblique and slightly thickened inner lip, while the outer lip is nearly straight in its central portion.
This is a small, grain-like, horn-coloured species, with the apex small and truncate, and the outer lip hardly produced beyond it.

## Distribution

The marine species in Sea of Japan and the East China Sea.
# Silene tibetica

Silene tibetica is a species of plant which is a member of the family Caryophyllaceae. The species can be found in Tibet.
According to Bengt Oxelman, Magnus Lidén, and Nicholas J. Turland this species is not similar to any other species of Silene and is possibly related to S. indica.
Silene tibetica is the only Silene species where andromonecy has been reported.
# Earswick

Earswick is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. It lies between Huntington and Strensall about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of York.
According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 819, increasing to 876 at the 2011 Census.
The village was historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. It was then a part of the district of Ryedale in North Yorkshire from 1974 until 1996. Since 1996 it has been part of the City of York unitary authority.
# Eldred Stebbing

Eldred Claude Stebbing MNZM (3 October 1921 – 6 December 2009) was a New Zealand record label owner and co-founder of the Zodiac Records label. He also founded Stebbing Studios in Auckland.

## Biography

Stebbing was born in 1921. After leaving school in the 1930s, he was working on a production line for a company manufacturing radios. Later in the 1930s, along with his brother Phil, via their company, he supplied sound equipment for events. During World War II he was also involved in running dances attended by visiting servicemen. After the war, Stebbing Record and Sound Company Ltd was founded, and the company manufactured 78 rpm records. In 1960, he founded Zodiac Records. He built the Stebbing Recording Centre in 1970, which became known as Stebbing Studios.
In the 2004 Queen's Birthday Honours, Stebbing was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to the recording and entertainment industries.
He was presented the Benny Award from the Variety Artists Club of New Zealand Inc in 2004 in recognition of his contribution to New Zealand entertainment.
Stebbing died on 6 December 2009, aged 88, and his ashes were buried at Purewa Cemetery, Auckland.
# Kruto the Wend

Kruto the Wend (or Cruto) (died 1093), son of Grin or Grinus, was a prince of Wagria. James Westfall Thompson believed his family belonged to the Rani of Rugia.
Gottschalk, a Christian Obodrite prince who was married to the daughter of his Danish ally Sven Estridson, had subdued the Obodrite and some Lutician tribes in the 1050s. In 1066, Kruto succeeded in an uprising initiated by the Obodrite nobility and supported by the Luticians, against Gottschalk and his Saxon dukes Ordulf and Magnus. Gottschalk was slain, and his sons Budivoj and Henry exiled to Saxony and Denmark. Kruto made his capital out of a large palisaded fortress at Buku, an island in the confluence of the Trave and Wakenitz rivers and site of the later Lübeck.
In 1074 or 1075, Budivoj, a son of Gottschalk, with a band of Holsteiners sent by Magnus, attacked Kruto's stronghold at Plön, which had been purposefully left undefended. The next day, it was surrounded by Slavic forces, who made the Saxons surrender, after which they were massacred. Budivoj was killed.
Until his death in 1093, Nordalbingia, including Holstein, Sturmaria, and Ditmarsch, was subject to his pagan rule. For decades, Magnus, Eric of Denmark, and the margraves of the Northern March (Udo II, Henry I, and Udo III) struggled to subdue Kruto, but only Eric came close.
Kruto's principality was weak internally, however, because the vassal Slavs, such as the Liutizi, continued to elect their own chiefs subordinate to him. As well, the Christian Obodrites were secretly allied with the Saxons to bring about his downfall. At a banquet at which Kruto intended to kill Gottschalk's son Henry, his guest, Henry and Kruto's wife Slavina instead killed him. Immediately after his death, Henry, a Christian Obodrite prince, led a combined Slav-Saxon army to victory over the Wends at the Battle of Schmilau and subjected the Wagri and Liutizi to tribute again.

## Sources

* Thompson, James Westfall. Feudal Germany, Volume II. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1928.