OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Christian Cambon

Christian Cambon (French pronunciation:; born 8 March 1948) is a French politician of The Republicans (LR) who has represented the Val-de-Marne department in the Senate since 2004.

## Early life and education

Cambon graduated from the Paris Institute of Political Studies (Sciences Po) and holds a master's degree in Public Law (Panthéon-Assas University).

## Political career

Cambon held the mayorship of Saint-Maurice, Val-de-Marne from 1989 until 2017 and was First Vice President of the Syndicat des eaux d'Île-de-France, the public drinking water service for the greater metropolitan Paris area, from 1983 to 2017.
In the Senate, Cambon served as president of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defense and the Armed Forces from 2017 to 2023. He also chairs the French-Moroccan parliamentary friendship group and the French delegation to the NATO Parliamentary Assembly.
On 24 April 2018, Cambon was among the guests invited to the state dinner hosted by US President Donald Trump in honour of President Emmanuel Macron at the White House.

## Other activities

* French Development Agency (AFD), Member of the Board of Directors

## Political positions

Following the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état, Cambon joined forces with fellow Senators Roger Karoutchi and Bruno Retailleau on an open letter to President Macron in Le Figaro, critizicing France's Africa policy and arguing that the failure of Operation Barkhane was in great part the reason why France and its economic, political and military presence have been rejected in Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and the Central African Republic; the letter was signed by 91 other senators.
# Richard Neutze

Richard Neutze (born 5 July 1969) is a biophysicist from New Zealand, now a Professor of Biochemistry in the Department of Chemistry & Molecular Biology at Gothenburg University in Gothenburg, Sweden. He has made fundamental contributions to X-ray crystallography of biomolecules, including proposal of the idea of diffract before destroy along with Janos Hajdu and others, which in part led to the invention of serial femtosecond crystallography.

## Education and career

Neutze graduated with a BSc in physics in 1991 and PhD in biophysics in 1995 from University of Canterbury, New Zealand, where his supervisor was Geoff Stedman. Afterwards, he conducted postdoctoral research at University of Oxford, University of Tübingen, and Uppsala University.

## Honors and awards

Neutze received the Young Scientist Award at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in 2000, and the Hugo Theorell Prize from the Swedish Biophysics Society in 2012.
# Jimmy's Restaurants

Jimmy's Restaurants is a loosely linked chain of buffet restaurants in the United Kingdom, with other companies trading under a similar format as Jimmy's World Grill & Bar, Jimmy's World Kitchen, Jimmy Spices, Jimmy's World and Jimmy's Bar.
The first Jimmy's World Grill & Bar opened in 2003 and as of 2016 the chain operated restaurants at about 11 locations. In 2012 it launched its flagship restaurant in The O2, London.
Each restaurant offers cuisines from multiple countries including Italy, China, India, Mexico, the US and the United Kingdom. The restaurants all offer "live cooking stations" where food is cooked to order in front of the customer.

## History

Prior to Jimmy's Restaurants, the business started with a number of restaurants called Jimmy Spices. The first Jimmy Spices opened in October 2003 in the Old Glassworks in Birmingham in the Regency Wharf scheme just off Broad Street. The concept was developed by Nitin Bhatnagar and focused on all-you-can-eat Indian, Italian, Thai and Chinese cuisine in a themed open plan kitchen. This was the first multi-cuisine buffet restaurant of its kind in the UK. As the company grew, it opened restaurants in Solihull, Sutton Coldfield, and Stratford Upon Avon; and brought in Jaswinder Choongh as a partner.
The first Jimmy Spices to open within the M25 was in Epsom in October 2007 and Staines in October 2008.
In 2011, the company went into liquidation, leaving the Midlands-based branches of Jimmy Spices with Jaswinder Choongh to allow the founders to focus on Jimmy's World Grill.
The chain is legally structured so individual branches can fail as has happened in 2016 and 2018, while the chain continues to operate.
# Jimmy Aitken

James Munroe Aitken (15 May 1872 – 27 August 1944) was an Australian rules footballer who played in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Aitken was Carlton's inaugural VFL captain when the league formed for the 1897 season, replacing Tom Blake. He had been the club's vice-captain the previous season when they competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA), and was elected captain before the start of the season, with a twelve to eight majority vote. After a disappointing run of form, just making the side to play against South Melbourne and Melbourne, he was left out of the team and replaced by Ernie Walton. Aitken left the Blues midway through the 1898 season and joined Melbourne. He played four games for Melbourne before leaving the game. He was the first player in the VFL to play senior premiership matches for two clubs in the same season.
# Jiffy Pop

Jiffy Pop is a popcorn brand of ConAgra Foods. The product consists of popcorn kernels, oil, and flavoring agents contained within a foil-covered, disposable aluminum pan. Once the paper outer covering is removed, the pan is held by an attached handle over a heat source such as a stove burner or campfire and gently agitated, causing the kernels to pop and push outward against the foil. The pan is then removed from the heat, the foil is torn open, and the popcorn is served.
Jiffy Pop is one of the few brands that continues to sell popcorn in pre-packaged pans ready for cooking.

## History

Frederick C. Mennen of LaPorte, Indiana, a chemist, inventor and industrialist, is credited with developing the product in 1958. Mennen began marketing Jiffy Pop in 1959.
American Home Products purchased Jiffy Pop from Mennen that same year. There, Alvin Golub, a pharmacologist, perfected the product and within one year it reached the national U.S. market. In 1976, the stage magician Harry Blackstone Jr. was endorsing what the television-commercial jingle called "the magic treat — as much fun to make as it is to eat".
Jiffy Pop was based on a similar product designed five years before by Benjamin Coleman of Berkley, Michigan, and marketed by the Taylor-Reed Corporation as E-Z Pop. In the early 1960s, Taylor-Reed sued Mennen Food Products for patent infringement. The district court ruled for the plaintiff, finding Jiffy Pop and E-Z Pop equivalent products, but the case was overturned on appeal.
American Home Products spun off its food division, and renamed it International Home Foods, in 1996. In 2000, ConAgra purchased International Home Foods.
Original Jiffy Pop packages used a plain, bright aluminum pan. This was eventually replaced by an aluminum pan with a black treatment on the outside to improve heat transfer. Also, although at one time a "Natural" flavor and a Jiffy Pop Microwave Popcorn version was manufactured, Jiffy Pop is today offered in only one stovetop version, Butter Flavor Popcorn.

## Advertising

Jiffy Pop has run television commercials dating back at least to 1967. In one commercial, a genie appears and gives two children Jiffy Pop to eat. The slogan was repeated several times to highlight the fact that Jiffy Pop is "as much fun to make as it is to eat".
# Christ Church, Downside

Christ Church is a former Church of England church in Downside, Somerset, England. Designed by John Pinch the younger, it was built in 1837–38 and closed in 1983. The church, now a private residence, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

Christ Church was erected as a chapel of ease to St John the Baptist in the parish of Midsomer Norton, at a time when the population of the parish had reached over 3,000. Although the parish church had been rebuilt in 1830–31, its centralised location made it difficult for some inhabitants to attend services. The proposed chapel of ease was intended to serve the inhabitants of Downside, Benter and Clapton, all of whom were two to four miles from the parish church. The Bishop of Bath and Wells donated a plot of land for the new church, and the plans were drawn up by John Pinch.
Construction began in 1937, and the completed church was consecrated by the Bishop of Bath and Wells, the Right Rev. George Henry Law, on 29 November 1838. Downside was made its own ecclesiastical parish on 4 July 1845, which contained Downside, Benter and Nettlebridge, and part of Chilcompton.
Christ Church underwent restoration and reseating in 1897, which included replacing the pews with new ones of pitch pine, laying new flooring and adding new altar steps, choir stalls and a vestry. The work was carried out by Messrs. W. A. Catley and C. Hill of Midsomer Norton to the designs of Mr. W. F. Bird. The work cost £200 and the church reopened on 21 November 1897.
A new organ was gifted to the church by Miss Talbot of Bath and dedicated on 7 June 1899. The churchyard was extended in the same year to provide more burial space. It was consecrated by the Bishop of Bath and Wells, the Right Rev. George Kennion, on 24 June 1899.
Christ Church was declared redundant on 1 July 1983. It was subsequently sold and used as a store from 1985 to 1995. Planning permission was granted in 1995 for the building's conversion into a single dwelling.

## Architecture

Christ Church is built of Doulting stone, with a roof of tile and slate. It was designed to accommodate 272 persons and made up of a three-bay nave, chancel and west porch. A bellcote containing a single bell was built on the west end gable. A vestry was added to the church in 1907.
# Joan-Emma Shea

Joan-Emma Shea is an American chemist who is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Her research applies statistical and computational approaches to address biological problems. She is a Fellow of both the American Physical Society and the American Chemical Society, and the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Physical Chemistry.

## Early life and education

Shea was born in Santa Barbara, California. She was an undergraduate student at McGill University and a doctoral student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where her research considered Brownian motion. She was awarded a National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada fellowship, and joined Charles L. Brooks III at the University of California, San Diego and Scripps Research.

## Research and career

Shea joined the James Franck Institute at the University of Chicago in 2000, where she spent one year before joining the University of California, Santa Barbara. She became a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara in 2008. Her work considers the chemistry of cellular processes, including in vivo protein folding. In particular, She studies intrinsically disordered proteins, biomolecules which do not fold to a single, 3D shape, but instead rapidly interconvert between many conformations in their monomeric forms. Some intrinsically disordered proteins can self-assemble into fibrillar aggregates and/or undergo a process called liquid-liquid phase separation. Shea studies these processes using computational and statistical approaches
In 2019, Shea was elected as editor-in-chief of the Journal of Physical Chemistry (A, B and C). She was the first woman to hold this position in the 124-year history of the journal.

## Awards and honors

* 2002 National Science Foundation CAREER Award
* 2003 David and Lucile Packard Award
* 2004 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow
* 2011 Elected Fellow of the American Physical Society
* 2022 Elected Fellow of the American Chemical Society

## Selected publications

* Summer L Bernstein; Nicholas F Dupuis; Noel D Lazo; et al. (1 July 2009). "Amyloid-β protein oligomerization and the importance of tetramers and dodecamers in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease". Nature Chemistry. 1 (4): 326–331. doi:10.1038/NCHEM.247. ISSN 1755-4330. PMC 2918915. PMID 20703363. Wikidata Q34055098.
* Shea JE; Brooks CL 3rd (1 January 2001). "From folding theories to folding proteins: a review and assessment of simulation studies of protein folding and unfolding". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 52: 499–535. doi:10.1146/ANNUREV.PHYSCHEM.52.1.499. ISSN 0066-426X. PMID 11326073. Wikidata Q30168219.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
* Andriy Baumketner; Summer L Bernstein; Thomas Wyttenbach; Gal Bitan; David B Teplow; Michael T Bowers; Joan-Emma Shea (1 March 2006). "Amyloid beta-protein monomer structure: a computational and experimental study". Protein Science. 15 (3): 420–428. doi:10.1110/PS.051762406. ISSN 0961-8368. PMC 2249763. PMID 16501222. Wikidata Q42150321.
# Acer castorrivularis

Acer castorrivularis is an extinct maple species in the family Sapindaceae described from a solitary fossil leaf. The species is known from the latest Eocene sediments exposed in the state of Montana, USA. It is one of several extinct species placed in the living section Macrantha.

## History and classification

Acer castorrivularis is represented by a single fossil specimen that was recovered from a late Eocene, possibly Chadronian aged, outcrop of the Beaver Creek flora. Although it was found north of the Ruby Flora, which outcrops in southeast Montana, the similarities in overall floral composition between the Beaver Creek, Ruby, and other Montana floras are interpreted by Wolfe and Tanai to indicate that the assemblages are coeval in nature. The age of the Ruby flora is considered to range from approximately 38 million years ago to approximately 34 million years ago or as young as 32 million years ago, meaning a probable similar age for the Beaver Creek assemblage. The Beaver Creek assemblage was host to a total of six Acer species in 1987: A. castorrivularis, A. florissanti, A. lincolnense, A. milleri, A. salmonense, and A. tiffneyi.
The species was described from a lone type specimen, the holotype leaf specimen UCMP 93l0A, B. Both the part and counterpart of the type specimen are currently preserved in the paleobotanical collections housed at the University of California Museum of Paleontology in Berkeley, California. The specimen was studied by paleobotanists Jack A. Wolfe of the United States Geological Survey, Denver office and Toshimasa Tanai of Hokkaido University. Wolfe and Tanai published their 1987 type description for A. castorrivularis in the Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. The etymology of the chosen specific name castorrivularis is a combination of the words "Castor", the genus name for beavers, and "rivularis", Latin for rill or brook, in recognition of the type and only location for the species at Beaver Creek.

## Description

The leaves of Acer castorrivularis are simple in structure and are generally ovate in shape, with perfectly actinodromous vein structure in which the primary veins originate at the base of the lamina and run out towards the margin. The leaves are unlobed and have five primary veins of which the basal pair are weakly developed, and have an estimated size of 7 centimetres (2.8 in) long by 5 centimetres (2.0 in) wide in overall dimension. The morphology of A. castorrivularis suggests placement into the Acer section Macrantha. This is based on the overall vein structure and small uniformly sized teeth, although it is the only Tertiary member of section Macrantha to be unlobed.
# Jim Stanworth

James Benjamin Stanworth (20 July 1871 – 7 December 1955) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Jimmy Branston

James Hart Branston (5 July 1879–1954) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Preston North End and Rotherham County.
# Richard George (manufacturer)

Sir Richard William George (24 April 1944 – 23 March 2016) was a British food manufacturer who turned the Weetabix company into a major British brand.
He was knighted in 1995 for his services to the food industry.
# Abuna Mikael I

Abuna Mikael was an abuna or head of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in the 12th century. According to tradition, Mikael anointed seven kings, dedicated 1,009 churches, and appointed 27,000 priests.
During this period the Abun was appointed by the Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa, who had diocesan authority over Ethiopia and the rest of Africa, at the request of the Emperor of Ethiopia, usually after paying a substantial fee to the Muslim government for the privilege. Mikael was appointed by the Patriarch Macarius II (1103-1131), and was still in office during the tenure of Patriarch John V (1146-1167).
According to the History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, the Emperor of Ethiopia wrote to Patriarch John in 1152, requesting a new abuna, because Mikael was too old; his request was denied. Although the name of the Emperor was not recorded, Carlo Conti Rossini identified him as Mara Takla Haymanot, arguing from this exchange that the true reason a new abuna was wanted was that Abuna Mikael had refused to acknowledge the legitimacy of the new Zagwe dynasty.
# Jodel

Société Avions Jodel is a French aircraft company started in 1946 by Édouard Joly and his son-in-law Jean Délémontez.

## History

Jodel designed a range of light aeroplanes shortly after the Second World War. Popular myth has it that the two industrialists, with no formal aerodynamics training, set about designing a single-seat aircraft with some spare plywood and a small engine, a Poinsard 25hp 2-cyl. The result was the 1948 D9 Bébé (Baby) model. In fact, the two had much experience of building and designing aircraft, Délémontez being a trained aeronautical engineer, and Joly having built an aircraft before the war.
The French government bought many of the aircraft, with more than 500 D9s being built during the next twenty years. Subsequently, the government expressed interest in a larger aircraft as a trainer and the two-seat D11 model followed in 1950.
Jodel aircraft are all-wood, usually made from Sitka spruce and plywood made out of okoume (also known as gaboon), a kind of West African hardwood. Most of the designs are recognisable by their distinctive wings, which have ‘cranked’ dihedral only on the outer third. The wings also incorporate washout, retaining aileron effectiveness at or just prior to the stall. From above or below, the wings are also distinctive as this cranked section of the wing tapers sharply towards the wingtip.
The designs are popular in France and in Southern Europe, UK, but are little known in the USA. In Australia, the design has been brought up to date somewhat by Frank Rogers who produced new drawings to standards suited to Australian amateur builders.

## Production under licence

Apart from prototypes, Jodels were made by a variety of French aviation manufacturers, but all construction ceased during the 1960s. Since then, the Jodel company has sold licences and detailed plans of its models to amateur builders of homebuilt aircraft.
The Jodel designs were later licensed to the following companies which produced derivative designs that retained the Jodel wing:
* Avions Robin, France
* Aero Difusión, Spain
* Falconar Avia, Canada

## Aircraft

The first model was built in 1948. All Jodel planes have been low-wing monoplanes.
* Jodel D9 1948
* Jodel D91 1948
* Jodel D93 1951
* Jodel D11 1950
* Jodel D111 1951
* Jodel D112 1952
* Jodel D113 1960
* Jodel D114 1952
* SAN Jodel D.150 Mascaret 1962
* Jodel D18 1984
* Jodel D19 1986
* Jodel D-20 1990
* Jodel DR1050 Excellence
# Jimmy F. Garner

Jimmy Franklin Garner (born January 4, 1969) is the democratic mayor pro-tem of Pine Level, Johnston County, North Carolina. He is the third generation of Town commissioners in the Garner family. He ran against N. Leo Daughtry in 2009 for North Carolina House of Representatives District 49, but lost by 3,745 votes. He was Daughtry's first ever opponent.

## Political background

Garner was first elected as town commissioner in Pine level, Johnston County, North Carolina in 2003 and still currently serving Pine Level. In 2008 he chose to run against N. Leo Daughtry being Daughtrys' first opponent ever. Jimmy's slogan was that "He was for the working people". He has served as statewide treasurer and vice president of the State Employees Association, the nation’s largest non-union public employee’s association.

## Personal life

Garner was the son of Franklin Garner and Janice Faye Woodard, and is a Pine Level, Johnston County, North Carolina native. He was North Johnston High school class of '87. He later married Gina Lynn Mangum, and they had a son and daughter (Jacob Trevor, and MacKenzie Lynn Garner). 2007 he lost his home to a fire, he later said “I cannot thank the people of Pine Level enough. They have been so supportive and have reached out to us, offering places to rent, money, clothes and pots and pans.” He worked 20 years for State employee, Department of Corrections. He retired and started up his own towing company.
# Jixianli Subdistrict

Jixianli Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 集贤里街道; traditional Chinese: 集賢里街道; pinyin: Jíxiánlǐ Jiēdào) is a subdistrict situated on the center of Beichen District, Tianjin, China. It borders Beicang Town to its north, as well as Guoyuanxincun Subdistrict and Tianmu Town to its south. As of 2010, it has a population of 17,472.
The subdistrict was created in 1982. Its name "Jixianli" literally means "Gathering-talents Village".

## Administrative divisions

In 2022, Jixianli Subdistrict is divided into 10 residential communities. They are listed below:
* Tailai Xili (泰来西里)
* Tailai Dongli (泰来东里)
* Anda Li (安达里)
* Hulin Li (虎林里)
* Baiquan Li (拜泉里)
* Jixian Li (集贤里)
* Hongyun Xinli (红云新里)
* Yingtai Li (瀛台里)
* Beiyi Dao (北医道)
* Fadianlou (发电楼)
# Academia Boliviana de la Lengua

The Academia Boliviana de la Lengua (Spanish for Bolivian Academy of Language) is an association of academics and experts on the use of the Spanish language in Bolivia. It is a member of the Association of Spanish Language Academies.
The academy was founded in La Paz on August 25, 1927, by a group of linguists and writers, including Víctor Muñoz Reyes (the minister of industry and finance at the time) and Francisco Iraizós y Rosendo Villalobos (named as the academy's first director). Other founding members included Hernando Siles (Bolivia's president at the time), Félix del Granado (the father of the future poet laureate and influential academic Javier del Granado), Ricardo Mujía, and Florián Zambrana. Other distinguished members throughout the academy's history include Enrique Kempff Mercado and Porfirio Díaz Machicao, who also served as director from 1957 to 1975.
# Richard H. Rivers

Richard H. Rivers (also known as Richard Henderson Rivers and R.H. Rivers) was a nineteenth-century educator. He was president of Centenary College of Louisiana from 1849 to 1853 and subsequently president of La Grange College near Leighton, Alabama, an esteemed early Methodist institution. He also served as president of Centenary Institute in Summerfield, Alabama for a short time. Rivers was instrumental in relocating the fiscally troubled La Grange to nearby Florence in 1855, where it retained its Methodist affiliation and was known variously as Florence Wesleyan and Wesleyan College. Briefly prosperous, college failed during the Civil War after Rivers himself had departed. In the early 1870s, the property was turned over to the state of Alabama, and a normal school was established, known currently as the University of North Alabama.

## Biography

Rivers was an early graduate of La Grange College. He was also a Methodist minister. Rivers taught at La Grange from 1836 to 1843, then taught in Tennessee and in 1849 became president of Centenary College of Louisiana. He was the author of several important treatises, including Elements of Moral Philosophy, a college text used throughout the south in the 1850s justifying slavery on theological grounds.