OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Achille Rivarde

Achille Rivarde (31 October 1865 – 31 March 1940) was an American-born British violinist and teacher, who worked mainly in Europe and London.

## Biography

Serge Achille Rivarde was born in New York City to a Spanish father and an American mother. He studied under Felix Simon, Henryk Wieniawski and José White Lafitte. At the age of eleven, he became a pupil of Charles Dancla at the Paris Conservatoire, sharing the first prize with František Ondříček in 1879.
He returned to America for three years 1881-84. In 1885, aged only 19, he returned to Paris to become principal violinist with the Orchestre Lamoureux. He remained in that post till 1891. In 1893, in Paris, he and Harold Bauer premiered Frederick Delius's Violin Sonata in B major.
He made his debut in London in 1894. In 1895 he gave Édouard Lalo's Symphonie espagnole its UK premiere.
His American debut came at Carnegie Hall in November 1895 (where he was described as "a Spanish violinist". He was also said to have "just entered his 28th year", but he was in fact 30). The New York Times critic said he "combines artistic sensibility with a lovely, fluent, polished execution", and also noted a resemblance to Pablo de Sarasate, both in his playing and his physical appearance. (A photograph of Rivarde can be seen here.) Some sources say he was also a pupil of Sarasate.
In 1899 he became a professor at the Royal College of Music. Apart from occasional appearances as a soloist in London and abroad (he shared the stage with Pablo Casals at a 1913 concert), he remained a teacher at the RCM till 1936 and was held in great esteem. Carl Flesch referred to him as "an important violinist and pedagogue". His pupils there included Anthony Collins, Eugene Goossens, the violinist and instrument valuer Robert Lewin, and Margaret Harrison (sister of Beatrice Harrison; she was aged only 4 when she entered the RCM to study with Rivarde).
Eugene Goossens wrote a piece for violin and piano called Old Chinese Folk Song 'To Achille Rivarde, Esq.' Op. 4/1. Fritz Kreisler dedicated to Rivarde his transcription of Dvořák's 1st Slavonic Dance.
In 1922 Rivarde published The Violin and Its Technique As a Means to the Interpretation of Music, a small manual of his own method in which he advocated elasticity of movement in every bar. In 1924 he started a separate school of violin playing in London.
He died in 1940 in London, aged 74.
# Green Party of South Africa

The Green Party of South Africa (GPSA) is a small political party in the Western Cape province. It is a member of the Federation of Green Parties of Africa.

## History of Green politics in South Africa

The Ecology Party was established in November 1989, but disbanded after recruiting only 1 800 members.
Ian Brownlie launched the Green Party (GRP) in July 1992, but it too disbanded after failing to win a seat in the Western Cape Provincial legislature during the 1994 Provincial and National general elections under the leadership of Nathan Grant.
Judy Sole founded the Government by the People Green Party (GPGP) in 1999, which she later renamed to The Green Party of South Africa. The party has contested elections as the Green Party of South Africa since the 2000 local elections. Due to the lack of funding the Green Party of South Africa only participated in the 2004 provincial elections but was reconstituted in early February 2019 to contest the provincial elections.

## Election results

| Year | National | National | Western Cape provincial | Western Cape provincial | City of Cape Town | City of Cape Town | City of Cape Town | City of Cape Town |
| Year | National | National | Western Cape provincial | Western Cape provincial | Ward | Ward | Proportional | Proportional | References |
| 1994 | | | 2 611 | 0.1% | | | | |
| 1999 | 9 193 | 0.06% | 2 453 | 0.15% | | | | |
| 2000 | | | | | 477 | 0.07% | 1 973 | 0.28% |
| 2004 | | | 3 317 | 0.21% | | | | |

### Provincial elections

| Election | Eastern Cape | Eastern Cape | Free State | Free State | Gauteng | Gauteng | Kwazulu-Natal | Kwazulu-Natal | Limpopo | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | Mpumalanga | North-West | North-West | Northern Cape | Northern Cape | Western Cape | Western Cape |
| Election | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats |
| 1994 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1% | 0/42 |
| 1999 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.15% | 0/42 |
| 2004 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.21% | 0/42 |
| 2019 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.13% | 0/42 |
# Caryocolum albifaciella

Caryocolum albifaciella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in the Alps (France, Germany, Austria and Switzerland) and the Massif Central.
The length of the forewings is 6.5–7.5 mm for males and 6.4–7 mm for females. Adults have been recorded on wing from the end of June to the beginning of September.
The larvae feed on Silene vulgaris and Silene baccifera. They spin together the leaves of their host plant. They also bore the flower buds.
# Abrothrix hershkovitzi

Abrothrix hershkovitzi, also known as Hershkovitz's grass mouse or Hershkovitz's akodont, is a species of rodent in the genus Abrothrix of family Cricetidae. It is found only on some remote islands in southern Chile. It is named after American zoologist Philip Hershkovitz.
# Carvalhoa (fly)

Carvalhoa is a genus of small-headed flies in the family Acroceridae. The genus is endemic to Chile. It was originally known as Sphaerops, named by Rodolfo Amando Philippi in 1865. This name was found to be preoccupied by the reptile genus Sphaerops Gray, 1845, so it was renamed to Carvalhoa by Ahmet Ömer Koçak and Muhabbet Kemal in 2013. The genus is named after the Brazilian dipterist Claudio José Barros de Carvalho.
Unlike the larvae of other acrocerids, which are endoparasitoids (internal parasitoids) of spiders, the larvae of Carvalhoa appendiculata can develop as ectoparasitoids (external parasitoids) on their host spiders.

## Species

* Carvalhoa appendiculata (Philippi, 1865)
* Carvalhoa micella (Schlinger in Schlinger, Gillung & Borkent, 2013)
# Conflict & Compromise

Conflict & Compromise is the debut album by Minnesota alternative hip hop group Oddjobs. It was released in 1999 by Interlock Records.

## History

The Oddjobs quintet began as a collaboration between students from Minneapolis South and St. Paul Central high schools around 1995. Oddjobs was itself a splinter group of a larger 30-member collective called Cases Of Mistaken Identity, or CMI, which also included graffiti artists and break dancers. The same scene produced other rap acts such as Kanser and Heiruspecs. The CMI collective put out a cassette, Case Studies, in 1998, but soon only the core group of five remained. "Oddjobs was basically everyone who was serious enough to want to continue music after high school," Casselle told the French website Hiphopcore.
Oddjobs’ 1999 debut album, Conflict & Compromise, was recorded when the band members were around 15 years old. It was recorded at the home studio of Jason Heinrichs, also known as Anomaly, who had also recorded the earlier CMI record. About 1,000 copies of the album were made. Slug, rapper for the prominent Minneapolis rap duo Atmosphere, provides guest vocals on the song "Hunger Pains II." It was released on Interlock Records, a collaborative effort by several groups in the Twin Cities rap scene of the late 1990s and early 2000s, including Heiruspecs, Kanser, and CMI.
Looking back on the album 10 years later, both Anatomy (Stephen Lewis) and Crescent Moon (Alexei Casselle) viewed it as a stepping stone to later, better work. "It was just a necessary trial and error. It's all about trying to figure out what kind of music you're trying to make, what your contribution will be," said Casselle. Anatomy was blunter: "It's very immature; it's pretty bad I think."

## Credits

* Mixed and mastered by Jason Heinrichs
* Scratches: Anatomy, Deetalx
* Written by: A. Waytz (tracks 1-6, 8-15), A. Casselle (tracks 1-9, 11-15), D. Callahan (tracks 4, 6, 11-13, 15), G. O'Brien (tracks 1-3, 5, 7, 8, 14), S. Lewis (tracks 1-5, 7, 8, 10-15)
# Accused (podcast)

Accused is a true crime investigative journalism podcast created by Cincinnati Enquirer reporter Amber Hunt and photographer Amanda Rossmann. As of 2020, three seasons have been published, each of which analyzes a different suspicious death case. By the conclusion of Season 1, the podcast had been downloaded 430,000 times and reached No. 1 on iTunes' podcast chart.

## History
### Season 1

The first season focused on the murder of Elizabeth Andes, a 23-year-old Miami University graduate, who was stabbed to death on December 28, 1978. Andes' boyfriend Bob Young had found her body and was immediately questioned in her death. After 15 hours of interrogation, including being given a lie detector test that he was told he failed, Young confessed to the murder. He immediately recanted, saying that Hamilton County Lt. Richard Carpenter, the polygraph administrator, had "scared the hell out of me." Young faced a murder trial the following spring but was acquitted by the jury. In 1981, Young was tried again for Andes' death in civil court after Andes' family sued him for wrongful death. He was found not liable by the jury. Accused presented three other acquaintances of Andes' who were not seriously investigated at the time by police in Oxford, Ohio.
Season 1, which was originally published under the title Accused: The Unsolved Murder of Elizabeth Andes, premiered on September 7, 2016. It originally ran for eight episodes, concluding on September 28. A ninth episode titled "The Update" was released on December 26. The transcripts for the first season were released in September 2018 as a book from Diversion Books.

### Season 2

Season 2 focused on the 1987 murder of Retha Welch, a 54-year-old grandmother and prison minister. She was found beaten to death in the bathtub of her Newport, Kentucky apartment. An acquaintance named William Virgil was convicted in her murder, but his conviction was overturned after DNA testing found his semen was not among three samples found inside of the victim at the time of her death.
The second season premiered on October 12, 2017, and ran for eight episodes, concluding on November 2.

### Season 3

Hunt and Rossmann announced on social media in summer 2018 that they were working on a third season of Accused. Season 3 premiered on December 3, 2019, and ran for eight episodes (plus two bonus episodes), concluding on January 28, 2020. It focused on the 1984 death of Dave Bocks, a pipe fitter who worked at a controversial uranium processing plant in Fernald, Ohio. Police determined that Bocks jump or dove into a vat of molten salt kept at 1,350 degrees Fahrenheit. An experiment conducted by the podcast found it would have been incredibly difficult, if not impossible, for a man his size to enter through the available 9-inch-by-22-inch opening on top of the vat.

### Awards

| Award | Date | Category | Result |
| Webby Awards | 2017 | Best Writing | Nominated |
| Webby Awards | 2018 | Documentary | Honoree |
| Webby Awards | 2020 | Best Series | Honoree |
# Alcis pallens

Alcis pallens is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in Taiwan.
# Acipa language

Acipa (Achipa) may be either of two languages which are related, though not more closely than they are to each other:
* Western Acipa language
* Eastern Acipa language
# Carvallo's sign

Carvallo's sign is a clinical sign found in patients with tricuspid regurgitation. The pansystolic murmur found in this condition becomes louder during inspiration; this sign enables it to be distinguished from mitral regurgitation.

## Eponym

The sign is named after José Manuel Rivero Carvallo.
# Carvalhoa

Carvalhoa is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1895. It is native to tropical Africa.

## Species

* Carvalhoa campanulata K.Schum. - Mozambique
* Carvalhoa macrophylla K.Schum. - Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia
# Gravitcornutia trespolitana

Gravitcornutia trespolitana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
# Agnesar saga

Agnesar saga is an Old Norse-Icelandic saints' saga that recounts the legend of St Agnes of Rome. It survives in three versions, all based on Pseudo-Ambrose's passion, BHL156. Agnesar saga I omits the epilogue and is somewhat abridged. It follows the source text more closely than Agnesar saga II. Agnesar saga III is significantly abridged and is different from the first two versions.

## Background

Agnes's feast day of 21 January was adopted as Holy Day of Obligation in Iceland in 1179 under Þorlákr Þórhallsson. This was prompted by a vision of St Agnes which appeared to Guðmundr kárhöfði.
There was an image of St Agnes at the Kirkjubær convent dating to the second half of the fourteenth century. The nun Jórunn Hauksdóttir of Kirkjubær took the name Agnes in 1344 when she became abbess. Agnesar saga I is preserved in Kirkjubæjarbók (AM 429 12mo), a codex containing lives of female saints kept at the convent.
Agnes also appears in three medieval and early modern Icelandic poems and in a set of four rímur: Agnesardiktur (ca. 1300-1550); Rímur af Agnesi píslarvotti, composed by Eiríkur Hallsson (1614-1698); Agnesarkvæði (ca. 1725), attributed to Þorvaldur Magnússon; Heilagra meyja drápa, stanzas 30-32 (14th century).
# Cartan model

In mathematics, the Cartan model is a differential graded algebra that computes the equivariant cohomology of a space.
# Aaron McConnell

Aaron Richard McConnell (born July 7, 1980) is a former American football lineman who played six seasons in the Arena Football League (AFL) with the Nashville Kats, Colorado Crush, Alabama Vipers and Georgia Force. He first enrolled at Oklahoma State University before transferring to Pittsburg State University. He first attended Choctaw High School in Choctaw, Oklahoma before transferring to Midwest City High School in Midwest City, Oklahoma. McConnell was also a member of the Tennessee Titans, Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Chicago Rush.

## Early years

McConnell first played high school football for the Choctaw High School Yellowjackets. He transferred to Midwest City High School his sophomore year. He earned all-state honors in football, wrestling and track for the Midwest City Bombers. He also won the state championship in Oklahoma the first year he ever wrestled.

## College career

McConnell initially signed to play college football for the Oklahoma State Cowboys.
He transferred to play for the Pittsburg State Gorillas from 2000 to 2003. He was a consensus first-team All-America selection and MIAA Defensive Player of the Year as a senior in 2003. McConnell also earned first-team All-America honors from the AFCA his sophomore year in 2001 and from the Associated Press as a junior in 2002, after receiving honorable mention All-America recognition as a freshman in 2000. A four-time first-team All-MIAA performer, he recorded career totals of 232 tackles (116 solo) with 75.0 tackles-for-loss and 21.0 quarterback sacks in 48 games for the Gorillas. He was inducted into the Pittsburg State University Intercollegiate Athletics Hall of Fame in 2013. McConnell also participated in cheerleading for the Gorillas, winning the Collegiate National Cheerleading Championship his freshman season in 2000.

## Professional career

McConnell was signed by the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL) on April 26, 2004 after going undrafted in the 2004 NFL draft. He was released by the Titans on August 31, 2004. He signed with the Nashville Kats of the Arena Football League (AFL) on October 15, 2004. McConnell played for the Kats from 2005 to 2007, earning All-Rookie Team honors in 2005. He was selected by the Colorado Crush of the AFL in the 2007 dispersal draft and played for the team in 2008, earning First-team All-Arena recognition. He signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League as a defensive lineman in May 2009. McConnell retired from football in June 2009. He came out of retirement to sign with the Alabama Vipers of the AFL on January 20, 2010 and played for them during the 2010 season, earning All-Ironman Team honors. He signed with the Georgia Force of the AFL on March 24, 2011. McConnell was traded to the Chicago Rush for a claim order position on April 21, 2011.
# George Landry

George A. Landry (1890 – January 30, 1961) was an American engineer who served as the first director of Sandia Laboratory and the first president of Sandia Corporation (a subsidiary of Western Electric which managed the laboratories). Prior to serving as director, he worked for Western Electric Company.

## Early life and career

Landry was born in Rouses Point, New York and graduated cum laude from the University of Vermont in 1911. He worked for Western Electric Company shortly after graduation, serving in a variety of management positions. He was named to the War Production Board shortly after the start of World War II, and subsequently served as the first director of Sandia Laboratory (October 1949 to February 1952). In 1953, he was appointed assistant director of the Office of Defense Mobilization where he served until his retirement in 1958.
# David Sheldon

David Sheldon may refer to:
* David Sheldon (wrestler) (1953–2007), American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Angel of Death
* David Newton Sheldon (1807–1889), president of Colby College, Maine, United States
* David Sheldon, character in Adventure
* David Sheldon (director) of Peopletoys
* Mac Lethal (David McCleary Sheldon, born 1981), rapper
# A Revolution on Canvas

A Revolution on Canvas is a 2023 American documentary film, directed and produced by Sara Nodjoumi and Till Schauder. It follows Nicky Nodjoumi as he flees Iran in 1980, due to his controversial paintings at the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art.
It had its world premiere at Tribeca Festival on June 11, 2023, and was released in a limited release on December 1, 2023, by HBO Documentary Films.

## Premise

In 1980, Nicky Nodjoumi flees Iran, due to his controversial paintings at the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art. Decades later, Nodjoumi and his daughter, Sara, attempt to track down and reclaim the missing paintings.

## Release

The film had its world premiere at Tribeca Festival on June 11, 2023. It was released in a limited release on December 1, 2023. It premiered on HBO and streamed on Max on March 5, 2024.

## Reception

6.80 at Rotten Tomatoes
# Adine Fafard-Drolet

Adine Fafard-Drolet (May 3, 1876 – January 31, 1963) was a Canadian soprano and the founder of a music school, the Conservatory of Quebec, that lasted from 1910 to 1939.

## Life

She was born Marie-Claire-Adine Fafard in L'Islet, about 40 miles east of Quebec City, Canada. Her parents were Louis-Auguste Fafard (who died in a collision in 1897) and Alphonsine Couillard Dupuis. She had six siblings, among whom her brother Fernand would become a member of the House of Commons of Canada. Her musical ability emerged early, and she received her first formal training in music in 1893, winning prizes the following year and again in 1896.
In 1903, she married Elzéar N. P. Drolet, a notary. Following her marriage, she used the name Madame E. Drolet for professional appearances until Elzéar's death in 1905. Their son Yvan was born a few months later and died as an infant. After Elzéar's death, Adine adopted Fafard-Drolet as her surname.
She died in Lac-Etchemin, Quebec.

## Musical career

By 1903, Fafard-Drolet, a dramatic soprano, was appearing regularly around L'Islet and Quebec City. In 1907 she went to Europe for two years of further training, studying in London at the Royal College of Music and in Paris with the baritone Jean-Baptiste Faure. She gave several concerts in Europe and in one of these sang for King Alfonso XIII of Spain. She auditioned for the composer Jules Massenet and was offered a leading role in his unfinished opera Don Quichotte; however, she declined because of her plan to return to Canada and found a conservatory.
Fafard-Drolet returned to Canada in 1909 and gave a series of concerts around Quebec City and L'Islet. In 1910 or 1911, with advice from the organist Ernest Gagnon, she founded a music school, the Conservatoire de Québec (Conservatory of Quebec, referred to informally as the Fafard-Drolet Conservatory). Fafard-Drolet taught there according to what was known as the Marchesi method. The training was free thanks to an annual subsidy from the then-Premier of Quebec, Lomer Gouin, and the course of study was designed to last three years. Students were taught music theory, music history, voice, phonetics, piano, violin, cello, and harmonium; later Gregorian chant was added to the list.
The conservatory moved within Quebec City at least six times before closing its doors in 1939 at the onset of World War II.
In the early 1920s, Fafard-Drolet also taught singing in secondary schools.
In 1928, she was awarded a silver medal by the Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec, Narcisse Pérodeau, for her founding of and work with the conservatory.

## Honors

The city of Quebec has put up a plaque in her honor at 25 Rue Mont-Carmel, where she lived from 1921 to 1923. In addition, Rue Adine Fafard (Adine Fafard Street) in Quebec City is named for her.
* 25, rue Mont-Carmel
* Plaque
# Carvalhoi

Carvalhoi may refer to:
* Aechmea carvalhoi, a Bromeliaceae species endemic to Brazil
* Amphisbaena carvalhoi, a worm lizard species found in Brazil
* Bokermannohyla carvalhoi, a species of frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Brazil
* Chiasmocleis carvalhoi, a frog species endemic to Brazil
* Colobosauroides carvalhoi, a lizard species in the genus Colobosauroides
* Cycloramphus carvalhoi, a frog species endemic to Brazil
* Dendrophryniscus carvalhoi, a toad species endemic to Brazil
* Diplopterys carvalhoi, a plant species in the genus Diplopterys
* Harttia carvalhoi, a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil where it is found in the Paquequer River basin
* Odontophrynus carvalhoi, a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae, endemic to Brazil
* Pipa carvalhoi, the Carvalho's Surinam toad, a frog species endemic to Brazil
* Pristimantis carvalhoi, an amphibian species in the genus Pristimantis found in Brazil
* Syncope carvalhoi, a species of frog in the family Microhylidae, found in Colombia, Peru, and possibly Brazil
* Wittmackia carvalhoi, a species in the genus Wittmackia, endemic to Brazil
* Zachaenus carvalhoi, a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae, endemic to Brazil
# Greensand Ridge Walk

The Greensand Ridge Walk is a long-distance walk of 40 miles (64 km) that traverses the county of Bedfordshire in England, with brief sections in the neighbouring counties of Cambridgeshire and Buckinghamshire. Its southern endpoint is at Leighton Buzzard and the route runs north-east to finish at Gamlingay. As can be inferred from the name, the walk follows the Bedfordshire Greensand Ridge (not to be confused with the Greensand Way, the greensand ridge that can be found in Surrey, Sussex and Kent).
The waymarker for the route employs a silhouette of the muntjac, a common sight in the vicinity of the village of Woburn, through which the walk passes.