OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dume district

Dume district was an administrative unit in Cameroon during the German colonial rule.

## District area

The district area, which was in the range of today's province of Est, bordered on the west by the Yaoundé district, in the east by the French border. In the north of the Sanaga River (Lom) formed the boundary against the residency Adamawa, after 1913 residency Ngaoundéré. In the western part of the district, the Nyong was the southern border area against the Lomié District. In the south, the district also bordered the 1911 newly created district Molundu.

## Population

The area was inhabited primarily by Bantu peoples, especially Omvang, Makaa and Kaka as well as the Ubangi-speaking Gbaya. In the 1909 census, the total population amounted to 97,566 residents. Political centers of the indigenous population were Gamane/Bertua (Gbaya), Baturi, Mokbe, Bimba and Beri (Kaka).

## History

The development of the region by the colonial power began in 1897 with the expedition of Lieutenant Ernst von Carnap-Quernheimb in the Sanga-Ngoko area. In 1899 Regierungsrat (Senior Executive Officer) Dr. Plehn began in the southeastern tip of the colony with the establishment of the management of the Sanga-Ngoko district. In 1901-1903 Ludwig Freiherr von Stein Lausnitz undertook extensive expeditions in the Makaa, Gbaya Kaka and Territory and commenced in August 1902 with the disempowerment of the Bertua Chief and his replacement by his loyal son the integration into the German power structure of the area between Doume and the Sanaga River.
In 1906-07 there was a major armed conflict between the German protection force and the Omvang and Makaa in the region between the Sanaga, Dja and Doume. As a result, the transition area between forest and savanna between the 4th and 6 Latitude was removed from the Sanga-Ngoko Administration (District Lomi) and became independent. On Doume River was a fort which was named Dume, which was the county seat and location of the 9th Company of the protection force. Due to its location at the terminus of the navigability of the river, the place soon became the crossroads of important trade routes.
The First Administrative Officer of the district was Captain Peter Scheunemann, who was soon succeeded by Captain Adolf Schipper (* 12. Nov. 1875; † Nov. 4, 1915 in Cameroon). The troops forced the further pacification and development of the district area. After the killing of a German businessman, once again in May–July 1910 it came to a military conflict. The cause of the escalation of violence were the actions of the German and African traders, including attacks on the indigenous societies in the wake of the expansion of the rubber trade, but also the recruitment of the indigenes for control works and road construction, dam construction and river cleaning in the Doume. Within weeks, the riots were suppressed under the direction of Captain Hans Dominik. In 1913 the former Military District had been transformed into a civilian district. In 1916 the district came under the administration of the French, who moved the district headquarters to Bertoua.
# Laccophilus quadrilineatus

Laccophilus quadrilineatus is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is found in North America and the Neotropics.

## Subspecies

These three subspecies belong to the species Laccophilus quadrilineatus:
* Laccophilus quadrilineatus mayae Zimmerman, 1970
* Laccophilus quadrilineatus quadrilineatus Horn, 1871
* Laccophilus quadrilineatus tehuanensis Zimmerman, 1970
# Day by Day (Regina song)

"Day by Day" is a 1997 song by Brazilian-born Italian singer, dancer and actress Regina Saraiva. It peaked at number eight in Italy and number eleven on the US Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart. The magazine incorrectly lists "Day By Day" as a hit for American singer Regina, who last charted in 1988 and had retired from the business at the time of this single’s American release.

## Charts

| Chart (1997-98) | Peak position |
| France (SNEP) | 32 |
| Italy (Musica e dischi) | 8 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 22 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 98 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 38 |
| US Dance Club Songs (Billboard) | 11 |
| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| Hungary (Single Top 40) | 39 |
# Eggi

Eggi or Eggen is a mountain in Vågå Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,041-metre (6,696 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 55 kilometres (34 mi) southwest of the village of Vågåmo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the village of Beitostølen. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Bukkehåmåren to the east, Høgdebrotet to the southeast, Tjønnholstinden to the south, Skarvflytindene to the southwest, Surtningssue to the northwest, and Besshø and Besseggen to the northeast.
# Dhayat Ben Dhahoua District

Dhayat Ben Dhahoua is a district of Ghardaïa Province, Algeria. It is named after its only commune, Dhayet Bendhahoua.

## Municipalities

The district has only one municipality:
* Dhayet Bendhahoua
# Drac (river)

The Drac (French pronunciation:) is a 130-kilometre (81 mi) long river in southeastern France. It is a left tributary of the river Isère. It is formed at the confluence of the Drac Noir and the Drac Blanc, which both rise in the southern part of the Massif des Écrins, high in the French Alps. It flows through several reservoirs on its course, including the Lac de Monteynard-Avignonet. It flows into the Isère at Grenoble. Its major tributary is the Romanche.
The Drac flows through the following departments and towns:
* Hautes-Alpes: Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur
* Isère: Corps, Grenoble
The average flow of the Drac at Fontaine is 97 cubic metres per second (3,400 cu ft/s), with the highest monthly flows occurring in June, due to the melting of Alpine glaciers. The catchment area of the river is 3,599 square kilometres (1,390 sq mi), which has an average rainfall of 859 millimetres (33.8 in).
The name Drac, originally the Drau, is due to an attraction by the Occitan drac "imp", which is derived from the Latin dracō, meaning "Dragon". It is documented in the forms of Dracum (v. 1100), Dravus (1289) and the ribière dou Drau (1545). The word "Drac" means Dragon. In many legends the drac, in Occitan, is a genius of evil waters or a form of Satan that attracts children to drown. Frédéric Mistral wrote in Félibrige Treasury:
   Drac of the Rhone was a winged monster and amphibian which carried on the body of a reptile the shoulders and the head of a beautiful young man. He lived the bottom of the river where he tried to attract, to devour it, the imprudent ones gained by the softness of its voice.
In December 1995, six children and their teacher were drowned in the river after the level of water rose due to the opening of the valves of a dam. They were there to see beavers. All of them died.
# Hells Canyon (South Dakota)

Hells Canyon is a valley in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Hells Canyon received its name from its treacherous terrain (i.e. the valley was "hell to cross").
# Alphonse Peter Weber

Alphonse Peter Weber (1904 – 1 October 1963) was a Canadian politician from the province of Saskatchewan who represented the constituency of Meadow Lake from 1956–1960.

## Personal life

Weber was born in St. Leo, Minnesota, United States. Weber was educated at Muenster in Saskatchewan and lived at Meadow Lake from 1942. He worked as an elevator agent. He was also a member of the local Rotary Club and a member of the Knights of Columbus.

## Political career

Weber was elected and served on the Town Council of Meadow Lake for six years, four of which as Mayor. Weber represented Meadow Lake on the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a member of the Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan. He defeated the incumbent Liberal Hugh Clifford Dunfield.

## Death

Weber died in Meadow Lake, Saskatchewan.

## Electoral record

1956 Saskatchewan General Election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Social Credit | Alphonse Peter Weber | 2,425 | 45.22 |
| | Liberal | Hugh Clifford Dunfield | 1,501 | 27.99 |
| | Co-operative Commonwealth | Frank G. Warick | 1,437 | 26.79 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 5,363 |
| | Social Credit gain | Social Credit gain | Social Credit gain | Social Credit gain |
| Source: Saskatchewan Archives Board ||||||
# Labour Day Lake

Labour Day Lake is a lake located on Vancouver Island at the head of the Cameron River.
# Eagle Ridge Country Estates, Saskatchewan

Eagle Ridge Country Estates is an organized hamlet in the Rural Municipality of Corman Park No. 344 near the city of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. The hamlet consists of 26 estates.
# Day by Day (film)

Day by Day (Spanish:Día tras día) is a 1951 Spanish drama film directed by Antonio del Amo. Shot in Madrid, it has certain characteristics similar to Italian neorealism.

## Plot

Two parishioners, Anselmo (Manuel Zarzo) and Ernesto (Mario Berriatúa), seek to straighten out their lives, and Father José (José Prada) helps them, and Luisa (Marisa de Leza), a girl, ends up in love with Ernesto.

## Cast

* Julio F. Alymán
* Antonio Barta
* Mario Berriatúa
* Benito Cobeña
* Nela Conjiu
* Marisa de Leza
* Manrique Gil
* Carmen Martín
* Vicente Mullor
* Elisa Méndez
* Amelia Ortas
* Pepe Ortiz
* Ofelia G. Otero
* Ramón Oteyza
* Magda Peiró
* José Prada
* Manuel Requena
* Jacinto San Emeterio
* Carmen Sánchez
* Juan Vázquez
* Manuel Zarzo
* Vicente Ávila
# Mecyclothorax riedeli

Mecyclothorax riedeli is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Baehr in 1992.
# Sminthopsini

Smintopsini is a tribe of marsupial in the family Dasyuridae.

## Classification

* Tribe Sminthopsini
** Genus Antechinomys
*** Kultarr, Antechinomys laniger
** Genus Ningaui
*** Wongai ningaui, Ningaui ridei
*** Pilbara ningaui, Ningaui timealeyi
*** Southern ningaui, Ningaui yvonnae
** Genus Sminthopsis
*** S. crassicaudata species-group
**** Fat-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis crassicaudata
*** S. macroura species-group
**** Kakadu dunnart, Sminthopsis bindi
**** Carpentarian dunnart, Sminthopsis butleri
**** Julia Creek dunnart, Sminthopsis douglasi
**** Stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura
**** Red-cheeked dunnart, Sminthopsis virginiae
*** S. granulipes species-group
**** White-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis granulipes
*** S. griseoventer species-group
**** Kangaroo Island dunnart, Sminthopsis aitkeni
**** Boullanger Island dunnart, Sminthopsis boullangerensis
**** Grey-bellied dunnart, Sminthopsis griseoventer
*** S. longicaudata species-group
**** Long-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis longicaudata
*** S. murina species-group
**** Chestnut dunnart, Sminthopsis archeri
**** Little long-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis dolichura
**** Sooty dunnart, Sminthopsis fulginosus
**** Gilbert's dunnart, Sminthopsis gilberti
**** White-footed dunnart, Sminthopsis leucopus
**** Slender-tailed dunnart, Sminthopsis murina
*** S. psammophila species-group
**** Hairy-footed dunnart, Sminthopsis hirtipes
**** Ooldea dunnart, Sminthopsis ooldea
**** Sandhill dunnart, Sminthopsis psammophila
**** Lesser hairy-footed dunnart, Sminthopsis youngsoni
# Aiouea obscura

Aiouea obscura is a species of plant in the family Lauraceae endemic to Costa Rica. The species occurs on the southern Pacific slopes, south-east of Palmar north.
# Alpicat

Alpicat (Catalan pronunciation:) is a municipality in the comarca of Segrià and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.

## Notable people

* Ramón Abad Gimeno, member of the Parliament of Catalonia
# Helmore

Helmore is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Basil Helmore (1897–1973), Australian businessman
* Des Helmore (born 1940), New Zealand artist
* George Helmore (1862–1922), New Zealand rugby union player
* Heathcote Helmore (1894–1965), New Zealand architect
* Thomas Helmore (1811–1890), English choirmaster
* Tom Helmore (1904–1995), English actor
* William Helmore (1894–1964), English engineer
# Duncan Kgopolelo

Duncan Kgopolelo (born 24 September 1974) is a Motswana footballer who currently plays as a striker for Police XI. He played for the Botswana national football team between 2003 and 2006.
# La Mothe-Achard

La Mothe-Achard (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Les Achards.
# Gubler

Gubler may refer to:
* Adolphe-Marie Gubler (1821–1879), French physician and pharmacologist
** Millard–Gubler syndrome
* Daniela Gubler (born 1994), Swiss long jumper
* Eduard Gubler (1891–1971), Swiss painter
* Matthew Gray Gubler (born 1980), American actor and fashion model
* Max Gubler (1898–1973), Swiss artist
* Nellie Gubler (1908–2007), Mormon historian
* Salomon Eduard Gubler (1845–1921), Swiss mathematician
# Donkin

Donkin may refer to:
* Donkin, Nova Scotia, an unincorporated community in Nova Scotia
* Donkin (surname), the English-language surname
* Mount Donkin, a mountain in British Columbia
# Edward Kottick

Edward (Leon) Kottick is a retired musicology professor at the University of Iowa in Iowa City.

## Biography

Kottick gives the outline facts of his life on his website:
   "I was born in Jersey City, NJ, in 1930, and was brought up in Brooklyn, NY, where I studied the trombone. I later became a music major at NYU. Following two years in the army, where I conducted a band, I went to New Orleans, LA, to play in the symphony; but after a few years of that I decided to go to graduate school at Tulane University, where I was introduced to musicology and renaissance music. The combination made a deep impression on me, and after my MA I went to the University of North Carolina for my PhD. (It was there that I saw my first kit harpsichord.) I continued to play the trombone, which helped me support my wife and two daughters, but by this time I had become a dedicated musicologist. After a series of teaching posts around the midwest I ended up at the University of Iowa, where I have happily remained ever since. I ran the collegium musicum at Iowa for many years, and also played recorder in a baroque trio ensemble. I retired from teaching in 1992."
In his years since retiring, Kottick has been active as a scholar and as a harpsichord builder. He has also served as an agent for the Zuckermann harpsichord firm.

## Harpsichord scholarship

Kottick is the author of three books about the harpsichord.
* The Harpsichord Owner's Guide: A Manual for Buyers and Owners (1987)
* Early Keyboard Instruments in European Museums, (1997) coauthored with George Lucktenberg
* A History of the Harpsichord (2003)
Kottick's journal publications include work on harpsichord acoustics.

## Honors

In 2006 received the Curt Sachs Award from the American Musical Instrument Society, noting his "distinguished work as a scholar, author, lecturer, builder, and designer."
# Smodicinodes

Smodicinodes is a genus of spiders in the family Thomisidae. It was first described in 1993 by Ono. As of 2017, it contains 4 species from China.
# Amatgyigon

Amatgyigon is a village in Shwegu Township in Bhamo District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Myanmar.
# Helmont

Helmont is the surname of the following people:
* Jan Baptist van Helmont (1580–1644) was an early modern period Flemish chemist, physiologist, and physician.
* Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont (d.1698) was his son, who made his work famous, though he was imprisoned for publishing his works
* Mattheus van Helmont (1623 – after 1685), was a Flemish Baroque painter and relative of the former, who became known for his genre paintings featuring alchemists.
* Zeger Jacob van Helmont (1683–1726), was a relative of the former, and himself an 18th-century painter from the Southern Netherlands specialized in historical allegories.
# Decentralist Party of the South

Decentralist Party of the South (in Spanish: Partido Descentralista del Sur) was a political party in Peru. It was founded in 1931. It publishes Nuestra Tierra.
# Duncan Kenworthy

Duncan Hamish Kenworthy OBE (born September 1949) is a British film and television producer, and co-founder of the production company DNA Films. He is currently a producer at Toledo Productions.

## Early life

Kenworthy was educated at Rydal Mount School, Colwyn Bay, North Wales, which is now Rydal Penrhos School, an independent international boarding school. The school renovated the sixth form social space in 2018 and, after a generous donation from Kenworthy during the campaign to all alumni for support, it named the study room in his honour, as The Kenworthy Study Room.
He later attended Christ's College, Cambridge, a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, from 1968, graduating in 1971 with a first class degree in English. He then studied as a postgraduate in the United States at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania.

## Career

After finishing his education in the US, he remained there, working with Jim Henson. On returning to the UK, he became an independent producer, with credits including Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994), Lawn Dogs (1995), Notting Hill (1999), Love Actually (2003) and The Eagle (2011). His television productions include Jim Henson's The Storyteller and the 1996 version of Gulliver's Travels. He was also co-creator of Fraggle Rock. Appears in photographs in the credits of Four Weddings and a Funeral (although uncredited) as "Matthew's Gorgeous New Boyfriend". He is currently the Vice President of BAFTA, having previously held the position of chairman (2004–06).

## Selected filmography

* 1994: Four Weddings and a Funeral
* 1997: Lawn Dogs
* 1999: Notting Hill
* 2001: The Parole Officer
* 2003: Love Actually
* 2011: The Eagle
* 2016: The Pass
* 2018: The Children Act

## Awards

In February 2015, the National Film and Television School's Board of Governors bestowed an Honorary Fellowship on Kenworthy.
# Lachenalia viridiflora

Lachenalia viridiflora, commonly known as the green-flowered Cape cowslip or turquoise hyacinth, is a species of flowering plant in the asparagus family native to the southwest Cape Provinces of South Africa. It was discovered in the 1960s, and first described in 1972 by Winsome Fanny Barker.

## Description

Lachenalia viridiflora is a bulbous species of perennial plant that grows 8-20cm tall. Each plant grows two leaves, which may be plain or with dark spots. In the winter, plants produce racemes of tubular turquoise flowers with white tips; it is for this reason that Barker chose the specific epithet 'viridiflora', which is Latin for green-flowered. The flowers are pollinated by the lesser double-collared sunbird.

## Habitat and distribution

Lachenalia viridiflora is endemic to the Vrendenburg Peninsula, where there are two extant sub-populations. It grows in full sun on granite outcrops in sandy soil which becomes waterlogged in the winter. Lachenalia viridiflora is an endangered species, and is threatened by habitat loss and overgrazing.

## Cultivation

Lachenalia viridiflora is cultivated as a garden ornamental, and has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Plants can be propagated through somatic embryogenesis, leaf cuttings, and by sowing seeds.
# Mary Winchester

Mary Winchester may refer to:
* Mary Winchester (Supernatural), a character in the American TV series Supernatural
* Mary Winchester (Zoluti) (1865–1955), Scottish girl captured and held hostage by the Mizo tribes of Mizoram, India, in 1871
# Donkin Commando

Donkin Commando was a light infantry regiment of the South African Army. It formed part of the South African Army Infantry Formation as well as the South African Territorial Reserve.

## History
### Operations
#### With the SADF

During this era, the unit was mainly used for area force protection, search and cordones as well as other assistance to the local police.
The unit resorted under the command of Group 6.

#### With the SANDF
##### Disbandment

This unit, along with all other Commando units was disbanded after a decision by South African President Thabo Mbeki to disband all Commando Units. The Commando system was phased out between 2003 and 2008 "because of the role it played in the apartheid era", according to the Minister of Safety and Security Charles Nqakula.

## Leadership

Leadership :
| From | Honorary Colonels | To |
| From | Commanding Officers | To |
| From | Regimental Sergeants Major | To |
# Maxwell House railway station

Maxwell House railway station served Preston, Lancashire, England, from 1842 to 1844 on the Lancaster and Preston Junction Railway.

## History

The station owed its existence to rivalry between the first railway companies in Preston. The Bolton and Preston Railway (B&PR) intended to convert the Lancaster Canal Tramroad for its use, and in 1837 reserved a site at the north end of the tramroad for a station. This site, which was behind the Victoria Hotel in Fishergate and was then occupied by Maxwell House, was near the planned southern end of the Lancaster and Preston Junction Railway (L&PJR).
When the latter railway was completed, it initially had permission to use the North Union Railway's station (the present-day Preston railway station), but the two companies fell into disagreement and permission was revoked, to take effect from 1 January 1842. The L&PJR then approached the B&PR who agreed to complete construction of their station (as a small station with single platform) in time for the L&PJR to use it from 1 January.
The North Union Railway (NUR) responded by allowing L&PJR trains to use their station, but charged a toll of 6d per passenger (equivalent to £30 in 2023) through the tunnel under Fishergate that connected their station with the station at Maxwell House. Most passengers avoided the toll by walking the 200 yards (200 m) between the two stations.
On 1 January 1844, the NUR bought the B&PR, thus gaining possession of the station at Maxwell House which the L&PJR was then banned from using. For several weeks L&PJR passengers alighted on the trackside at nearby Dock Street (off Pitt Street). The NUR and L&PJR came to agreement on 12 February 1844, and regular passenger trains used the NUR station from then onwards. The station at Maxwell House was used only for occasional excursion trains for several months afterwards.