# Andoins

Andoins is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

## Geography
### Location

The commune is part of the urban area of Pau and is located 5 km east of Pau (five miles), the commune is part of the Vic-Bilh region of Gascony.

### Access

The commune is traversed by the A64 autoroute however there is no exit in the commune. The nearest exit is Exit 11 just south-east of the commune. Access to the village is by the D39 road from Morlaàs in the north-west which continues south-east to Limendous. There is also the D538 which goes north-west from the village to Serres-Morlaàs. There is also the D215 which goes south-west from the village to Artigueloutan.

### Hydrography

Located in the drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is traversed from south-east to north-west by the Luy de France which forms part of the northern border before continuing to join the Lucet east of Morlaàs.
The Ayguelengue forms the southern border of the commune before joining the Oussere and continuing west.

### Localities and hamlets

* Lous Augas
* Baradat
* Barrails
* Bégué
* Bordenave
* Capdepon
* Cazaux
* Cazenave
* Courriades
* Freitet
* Gabaix
* Las Grabes
* Hourcade
* Lapoutge
* Laulhé
* Grange Laulhé
* Lendrat
* Minvielle
* Grange Montané
* Pé-deu-Boscq
* Peyré
* Poublan
* Puyau
* Teulé
* Troubet
* Vergez

### Neighbouring communes and villages

vtePlaces adjacent to Andoins :
Serres-Morlaàs
Ouillon
Espéchède
Sendets
Andoins
Eslourenties-Daban
Ousse
Artigueloutan
Limendous :

## Toponymy

The commune name in béarnais is Andonsh. (according to the classical norm of Occitan).
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval indicates that the village's name probably comes from the family name Antonius, modified in basque to Anton plus the suffix -tz inducing the property of or the domain of Anton.
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
| Name | Spelling | Date | Source | Page | Origin | Description |
| Andoins | Andongns | 12th century | Raymond | 5 | | Village |
| | Andongs | 1101 | Raymond | 5 | Cartulary of Morlaàs | |
| | Andons | 12th century | Raymond | 5 | Lescar | |
| | Andoniœ | 1270 | Raymond | 5 | Pau | |
| | Andonhs | 13th century | Raymond | 5 | Fors de Béarn | |
| | Andoyns | 14th century | Raymond | 5 | Census | |
| Aus-Cités | Aus-Cités | 1863 | Raymond | 17 | | Place |
| Freitet | Lo boscq et lane aperat lo Freytat | 1457 | Raymond | 65 | Ossau | Wood |
| Hourcade | La Forcade | 1385 | Raymond | 79 | Census | Farm |
| Marque-Debat | La Marque-Debat | 1863 | Raymond | 108 | | Hamlet |
| Marque-Dehore | La Marque-Dehore | 1863 | Raymond | 108 | | Hamlet |
| Pé-deu-Boscq | Pé-deu-Boscq | 1863 | Raymond | 133 | | Farm |
Sources:
* Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)
Origins:
* Lescar: Cartulary of Lescar
* Pau: Cartulary of the Château of Pau
* Fors de Béarn
* Census: Census of Béarn
* Ossau: Cartulary of Ossau.

## History

Paul Raymond on page 5 of the 1863 dictionary noted that Andoins was the seat of the second largest barony in Béarn which also included Limendous. He also noted that in 1385 there were 20 fires in Andoins and it depended on the Bailiwick of Pau.
The town was part of the archdeaconry of Vic-Bilh, which depended on the bishopric of Lescar of which Lembeye was the capital.

### Heraldry

| Arms of Andoins | Blazon: Or, a lion vert. |

## Administration

List of Successive Mayors
| From | To | Name | Party |
| 1995 | 2001 | Jean Gabaix | |
| 2001 | 2014 | Isabelle Lahore | MoDem |
| 2014 | 2020 | Christian Roché | |

### Intercommunality

Andois is part of six inter-communal structures:
* the public agency for local management;
* the Communauté de communes du Nord-Est Béarn;
* the AEP association of the Ousse Valley;
* the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
* the intercommunal association for consolidation of the communes of the plain of Ousse;
* the intercommunal association for the construction of the rescue centre at Soumoulou.

## Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Andonésien(ne)s in French.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 510 | — |
| 1800 | 446 | −1.90% |
| 1806 | 404 | −1.63% |
| 1821 | 542 | +1.98% |
| 1831 | 555 | +0.24% |
| 1836 | 539 | −0.58% |
| 1841 | 538 | −0.04% |
| 1846 | 558 | +0.73% |
| 1851 | 568 | +0.36% |
| 1856 | 550 | −0.64% |
| 1861 | 556 | +0.22% |
| 1866 | 519 | −1.37% |
| 1872 | 527 | +0.26% |
| 1876 | 522 | −0.24% |
| 1881 | 506 | −0.62% |
| 1886 | 546 | +1.53% |
| 1891 | 512 | −1.28% |
| 1896 | 514 | +0.08% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 454 | −2.45% |
| 1906 | 475 | +0.91% |
| 1911 | 419 | −2.48% |
| 1921 | 368 | −1.29% |
| 1926 | 380 | +0.64% |
| 1931 | 382 | +0.11% |
| 1936 | 354 | −1.51% |
| 1946 | 315 | −1.16% |
| 1954 | 319 | +0.16% |
| 1962 | 329 | +0.39% |
| 1968 | 418 | +4.07% |
| 1975 | 333 | −3.20% |
| 1982 | 469 | +5.01% |
| 1990 | 514 | +1.15% |
| 1999 | 522 | +0.17% |
| 2007 | 620 | +2.17% |
| 2012 | 622 | +0.06% |
| 2017 | 637 | +0.48% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE :

## Culture and Heritage
### Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings that are registered as historical monuments:
* A House at Grange Montane (19th century)
* A Fortified Area (11th century)
* A Farmhouse at Poublan (1904)
* The Maison Séries Farmhouse (1913)
* The Maison Lacaze Farmhouse (18th century)
* The Cazenave Farmhouse (1899)
* The Maison Coustet Farmhouse (18th century)
* Houses and Farms (18th - 20th centuries)

### Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Saint-Laurent (19th century) is registered as an historical monument. The church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
* The Furniture in the Church
* An Altar Vase (19th century)
* A Sunburst Monstrance (19th century)
* A Lantern (19th century)
* A Thurible (17th century)
* 2 Processional Crosses (19th century)
* A Painting: Stations of the Cross (1883)
* A Candlestick (18th century)
* 4 Candlesticks (19th century)
* A Group Sculpture: Education of the Virgin (19th century)
* A Mural Painting: Scenes from the life of Saint Lawrence (19th century)
* 3 Chandeliers (19th century)
* A Sideboard (19th century)
* A Chair and 3 Prie-dieux (19th century)
* The Choir Enclosure (1850)
* A central Stoup (19th century)
* An Altar and Tabernacle (1845)
* An Altar Cross (18th century)
* 2 Statues: Saint Peter and Saint Paul (1740 & 1760)
* Altar seating and a Tabernacle (1740 & 1760)
* Secondary Altar (1864)
* The whole Altar of the Blessed Sacrament (18th century)
* An Altar, Tabernacle, and 4 Altar Candlesticks (1841)
* 4 Stained glass windows (Bays 1-4) (1923)

## Notable people linked to the commune

* Guilhem Arnaud, Baron of Andoins who died in 1301. His funerary monument is displayed in the church of the Commandery of Caubin in the commune of Arthez-de-Béarn.