OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dhaba (archaeological site)

Dhaba is a Middle Paleolithic archaeological site on the banks of the Son River in the Indian state Madhya Pradesh. According to carbon 14 dating, construction of the settlement began around 80,000 years ago. In 1983, the prehistoric settlement at Dhaba village was jointly discovered by Researchers from University of Allahabad, Karnatak University, Banaras Hindu University, University of Oxford and University of Queensland. During the excavations microlithic artefacts were discovered.

## Archaeology

The archaeological site of Dhaba village consists of Pleistocene alluvial hillocks overlying unconsolidated quartzite boulders and decomposed shale bedrock on the left (north) bank of the Son River. Excavations were conducted at three sites in the archaeological site. Researchers from India, United Kingdom and Australia undertook a program of survey exploration and excavation. The Dhaba was first excavated in 2011–2012, where India's Middle Paleolithic culture was discovered. The archaeological site of Dhaba serves as an important bridge linking regions with similar archaeology to the east and west.
Archaeologists claim that the tools found at the site show that the "Levallois technique" — an early method of chipping stone into weapons – was used. The tools were buried in sediments dating 80,000 to 65,000 years ago. Tools in younger sedimentary layers were shaped with more advanced techniques. Specimens found in Dhaba prove that ancient Indians survived the Mount Toba super eruption, one of the worst disasters of mankind 74,000 years ago.
# Kulmala

Kulmala is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rasmus Kulmala (born 1994), Finnish ice hockey player
* Rudy Frans Kulmala (born 1983), Finnish rapper known by his stage name Ruudolf
# Manalapan and Patton's Corner Turnpike

The Manalapan and Patton's Corner Turnpike was a turnpike in New Jersey, running northeast from Manalapan Township and Marlboro Township.
The Manalapan and Patton's Corner Turnpike was chartered on March 24, 1863, as a merger of two turnpike companies: the Robertsville and Patton's Corner Turnpike Company, chartered in 1862; and the Manalapan Turnpike Company, chartered the day after. The company's road began at the present intersection of New Jersey Route 33 and County Route 527 Alternate on the boundary of Manalapan and Millstone townships. It proceeded east along present-day Route 33 to what is now the intersection of Route 33 and Woodward Road in Manalapan, where the turnpike turned north and followed what are now Woodward Road, Main Street and Tennent Road to the Monmouth County Plank Road. On November 17, 1886, the Manalapan and Freehold Turnpike Company purchased the western segment of the Manalapan and Patton's Corner Turnpike, which truncated the route at Woodward Road and Route 33. On July 10, 1901, the 5.18-mile (8.34 km) segment of turnpike within Marlboro Township was purchased by the Monmouth County Board of Chosen Freeholders and incorporated into the county highway system. It would appear that at this time the segment in Manalapan was abandoned to the township. Much of this turnpike would later be included as a part of County Route 3.
# Delta Prize for Global Understanding

The Delta Prize for Global Understanding, presented annually by Delta Air Lines and the University of Georgia, recognizes individuals or groups whose initiatives have helped promote world peace as well as globally significant efforts that provide opportunities for greater understanding among nations and cultures. Such efforts can include grassroots projects that diminish hostilities in a particular part of the world, international programs that promote communication or trade among different peoples, and/or leadership that inspires global cooperation and peace.
The prize includes a $10,000 cash grant and an original work of art designed by Barbara Mann and Gary Lee Noffke of the University of Georgia's Lamar Dodd School of Art .

## Laureates

| Year | Person | Country |
| 1999 | Jimmy Carter | United States |
| 1999 | Rosalynn Carter | United States |
| 1999 | Carter Center | United States |
| 2000 | Desmond Tutu | South Africa |
| 2001 | Mihail Gorbachev | Russia |
| 2002 | Sadako Ogata | Japan |
| 2004 | Václav Havel | Czech Republic |
| 2005 | Gertrude Mongella | Tanzania |
| 2006 | Ted Turner | United States |
| 2007 | Nelson Mandela | South Africa |
| 2008 | Martti Ahtisaari | Finland |
| 2009 | Mohamed ElBaradei | Egypt |
| 2012 | Roméo Dallaire | Canada |
# Scortecci's blind snake

Scortecci's blind snake (Myriopholis braccianii), also known commonly as Bracciani's worm snake, is a species of snake in the family Leptotyphlopidae. The species is endemic to the Horn of Africa.

## Etymology

The specific name, braccianii, is in honor of Italian explorer Luigi Bracciani.

## Geographic range

M. braccianii is found in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Sudan.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of M. braccianii are desert, grassland, shrubland, and savanna, at altitudes of 500–1,900 m (1,600–6,200 ft).

## Description

M . braccianii is a small species. The longest recorded specimen measures 14.4 cm (5.7 in) in total length (including tail).

## Reproduction

M. braccianii is oviparous.
# Ryazan Province

Ryazan Province may refer to:
* Ryazan Oblast (est. 1937), a federal subject of Russia
* Ryazan Governorate (1796–1929), an administrative division of the Russian Empire and the early Russian SFSR
# Mapimí Municipality

Mapimí is a municipality in the Mexican state of Durango. The municipal seat lies at Mapimí. The municipality covers an area of 7,126.7 km².
In 2010, the municipality had a total population of 25,137, up from 22,940 in 2005.
In 2010, the town of Mapimí had a population of 5,623. Other than the town of Mapimí, the municipality had 283 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Bermejillo (9,149) and Ceballos (3,730), classified as urban.
Located in the northeastern portion of the state, it borders the municipalities of Lerdo, Gómez Palacio, Tlahualilo, Villa Hidalgo, San Pedro del Gallo, San Luis del Cordero and Nazas.
# Kateri hydroelectric system

The Kateri (Katery) hydro electric power station is located in Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India. It is a series of dams and a power house with four 125 KW generators and one 500 KW. The plant powers the Cordite Factory at Aruvankadu.
A reservoir with a capacity of 12.25 million cubic feet was created by the first dam, which was completed in 1902. A second reservoir with capacity of 10 million cubic feet was formed by the second dam, completed in 1916.

## Other hydro-electric systems

The following are the other hydro-electric systems in the Nilgiris district:
* Pykara hydro-electric systems
* Moyar hydro-electric systems
* Kundah hydro-electric systems
* Mukurthi micro power house
* Maravakandy Power House
# Malunga

The malunga is a single-stringed musical bow played by the Siddi of India, who are the descendants of East African immigrants. It produces two tones, an octave apart, and the knuckle of the hand supporting the instrument may be pressed against the string to vary the pitch. It is struck with a stick and, as with the berimbau of Brazil, the hand holding the stick also holds a rattle (in the case of the malunga the rattle, called mai misra). The malunga has a gourd resonator which amplifies the instrument's sound. The placement of this rattle along the string also varies the pitch produced by the Malunga.

## Construction

The bow is made of solid-core bamboo cane, and the string is made of three twisted strands of gut. The gourd resonator is made from a coconut shell and is a mobile part of the instrument.

## Cultural importance

The malunga is one of the instruments that is used in the religious practices of the Siddi people in India. This instrument is one of the few that are still in existence that can be played, though its scarcity is growing.
# Andriy Fomin

Andriy Fomin (born 14 November 1977) is a Ukrainian speed skater. He competed in three events at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Andrew Wilson (historian)

Andrew Wilson (born 1961) is a British historian and political scientist specializing in Eastern Europe, particularly Ukraine. He is a Senior Policy Fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations, and Professor in Ukrainian studies at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies at University College London. He wrote The Ukrainians: The Story of How a People Became a Nation (the first four editions were titled The Ukrainians: An Unexpected Nation) and Virtual Politics: Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World.
Wilson is a member of the Ukraine Today media organization's International Supervisory Council.
He was born in Cumbria, United Kingdom.

## Works

* Ukraine: Perestroika to Independence (with Taras Kuzio), New York, St. Martin's Press, 1994, xiv, 260p. ISBN 0-312-08652-0.
* Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990s: A Minority Faith, Cambridge University Press, 1996, xvii, 300p. ISBN 0-521-48285-2 ISBN 0-521-57457-9 Can be searched at Google print.
* The Ukrainians: The Story of How a People Became a Nation, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000, 2015, xviii, 366p. ISBN 0-300-08355-6, 2nd edition 2002 ISBN 0-300-09309-8, 3rd edition 2009 ISBN 978-0300154764, 4th edition 2015 ISBN 978-0300217254, 5th edition 2022 ISBN 978-0300269406.
* Virtual Politics: Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World, Yale University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-300-09545-7.
* Ukraine's Orange Revolution, Yale University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-300-11290-4.
* Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship, Yale University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-300-13435-3.
* Ukraine Crisis: What it Means for the West, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-21159-7.
# Manchester College

Manchester College might refer to:

## England

* Manchester College, a former name of Harris Manchester College, Oxford
* Manchester Metropolitan University, formerly Manchester Polytechnic, formed in 1977 by a merger between Manchester College of Art and Design and Manchester College of Commerce; in 1983 the City of Manchester College of Higher Education was also folded in
* The Manchester College, formed in 2008 by a merger between
** City College Manchester, a network of further education colleges
** Manchester College of Arts and Technology

## United States

* Manchester College (Indiana), a university in North Manchester, Indiana
* Manchester Community College (Connecticut) in Manchester, Connecticut
* Manchester Community College (New Hampshire) in Manchester, New Hampshire
# DSN1

DSN1, MIND kinetochore complex component, homolog (S. cerevisiae), also known as DSN1 or MIS13, is a protein which in humans encoded by the DSN1 gene.

## Function

DSN1 along with MIS12, DC8, PMF1, CBX5, ZWINT is a component of the kinetochore-associated multiprotein complex which is required for correct chromosome alignment during the metaphase of cell mitosis.

## Interactions

DSN1 has been shown to interact with NSL1 and MIS12.
# Mandy François-Elie

Mandy François-Élie (born 27 September 1989) is a French Paralympian athlete competing in the category T37. François-Élie won the T37 100m sprint at the 2012 Summer Paralympic Games at London and followed this with both the 100m and 200m titles at the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships in Lyon.

## Career history

François-Élie was born on the island of Martinique in 1989. She became interested in athletics at a young age and competed while in school. In 2008, while leaving school, she suffered a stroke which put her into a coma. On recovery it was discovered that she had suffered permanent motor damage. Several years later François-Elie returned to sport and began competing in T37 classification sprints.
François-Élie was selected for the French national team for the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. She entered both the T37 100m and 400m races, and in the 100m she qualified for the final after finishing in first place with a time of 14.30. In the final she ran a time of 14.08 to beat Namibia's Johanna Benson into second place, winning her first Paralympic gold medal. In the 400m François-Elie finished 4th in the first-round qualifier, in a time that was not good enough for a position in the final.
On 8 June at a meet at Saint Cyr-sur-Loire, François-Elie posted a time of 13.68 in the 100m, a new world record. In July, she was seen as a favourite going into the IPC Athletics World Championships in Lyon. She entered both the 100m and 200m races winning both to become the world champion in her class. In the 200m final, François-Elie ran a time of 28.35, beating the 13-year-old world record held by Lisa McIntosh of Australia.
At the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro she followed up her London success by claiming silver in the T37 100m with a time of 13.45.
# DJ Kane

Jason Cano (born in Houston, Texas), better known as DJ Kane, is an American singer who was the lead vocalist for the Kumbia Kings from 1999 to 2003 and the Kumbia All Starz from 2008 to 2010. He then went on to become a successful solo artist.

## Discography

* DJ Kane (2004)
* Capítulo II: Brinca (2005)
* Capítulo III: Ahogando Penas (2007)
# Anekes sculpturata

Anekes sculpturata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, unassigned in the superfamily Seguenzioidea.

## Description

The shell grows to a height of 1 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Bay of Biscay and in the Mediterranean Sea.
# Anekes undulisculpta

Anekes undulisculpta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, unassigned in the superfamily Seguenzioidea.

## Description

The size varies between 0.6 mm and 0.9 mm.

## Distribution

This bathyal species occurs in Arctic waters off Norway.
# Mannophorus

Mannophorus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Mannophorus forreri Bates, 1885
* Mannophorus laetus LeConte, 1854
# Mangala Sharma

Mangala Sharma (born 1969 in Tsirang, Bhutan) is a human and women's rights activist and the first winner of the Ginetta Sagan Fund Award in 1997. She was exiled from the country in March 1992 after being outspoken against the government's "One Nation, One People" policy and their discrimination against ethnic minorities, known as Lhotshampas. Since her exile, she has formed the Bhutanese Refugees Aid for Victims of Violence (BRAVE), a self-help organization dedicated to assisting affected refugees from Bhutan. BRAVE facilitates counseling and training in all eight of the Bhutanese refugee camps in Nepal. In 1995 Sharma took some of the women refugees to Beijing, China to the International Women Conference. There she got help from the United States Government, the United Nations and the Australian Government.
Sharma was granted asylum and moved to the United States in 2000 and started working for the Refugee Women Network based in Georgia. She moved to Roseville, Minnesota in November 2007, where she started the Nirvana Center that assists resettled families.
# Samansur

Samansur is a village in the Chüy Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 1,015 in 2021.
# Mannat Singh

Mannat Singh (born 24 December 1981), also known as Sukhi Pawar, is an Indian actress, known for her work in Punjabi movies. She is mostly known for her performance in the Punjabi movie named Arsho, released in 2015. In 2017 she won the best supporting actress award in PTC Punjabi Awards for her performance in the movie Main Teri Tu Mera. Mannat Singh also sung a duet called "Jaa".

## Films

* Main Teri Tu Mera (2016)
* Vaisakhi List (2016)
* I Love Desi (2015)
* Arsho (2014)
* Tere Ishq Nachaya (2010)
* Band Vaaje (2019)
* Dil Hona Chahida Jawan (2023)
# Dacemazine

Dacemazine (INN, also known as Ahistan and Histantine) is a phenothiazine derivative which acts as a histamine antagonist at the H$_1$ subtype. First described in 1951, it was never marketed as a drug on its own, although a combination of dacemazine and di-tert-butylnaphthalenesulfonate was sold as an antispasmodic and antitussive under the trade name Codopectyl. It was also assessed as a possible anticancer drug.

## Synthesis

Amide formation between phenothiazine (1) and chloroacetyl chloride (2) gives 10-(Chloroacetyl)-phenothiazine [786-50-5] (3). The subsequent displacement of the remaining halogen with dimethylamine (4) completes the synthesis of dacemazine (5).
# Karsten Müller

Karsten Müller (born November 23, 1970, in Hamburg, West Germany) is a German chess Grandmaster and author. He earned the Grandmaster title in 1998 and a PhD in mathematics in 2002 at the University of Hamburg. He had placed third in the 1996 German championship and second in the 1997 German championship.
He has written about endgames, including in Fundamental Chess Endings (Gambit Publications, 2001) and Secrets of Pawn Endings (Everyman Chess, 2000), both with Frank Lamprecht. He also wrote How to Play Chess Endgames, with Wolfgang Pajeken (Gambit, 2008) and Magic of Chess Tactics (Russell Enterprises 2003) with FIDE Master Claus Dieter Meyer. His column "Endgame Corner" has appeared at ChessCafe.com since January 2001 and he has been a regular contributor to ChessBase Magazine since 1997. He also contributed material to some of the early issues of the online daily chess newspaper Chess Today.
The seventh chapter of Tibor Karolyi's 2009 book Genius in the Background is devoted to him. His main interest apart from chess are football and mathematical games.

## Books

* Müller, Karsten; Lamprecht, Frank (2000), Secrets of Pawn Endings, Everyman Chess, ISBN 978-1-85744-255-7 Corrected edition by Gambit in 2007, ISBN 978-1-904600-88-6.
* Müller, Karsten; Lamprecht, Frank (2001), Fundamental Chess Endings, Gambit Publications, ISBN 1-901983-53-6
* Müller, Karsten; Meyer, Claus Dieter (2002), The Magic of Chess Tactics, Russell Enterprises, ISBN 1-888690-14-3
* Müller, Karsten (2004), The ChessCafe Puzzle Book, Russell Enterprises, ISBN 1888690216
* Müller, Karsten (2008), The ChessCafe Puzzle Book 2: Test and Improve Your Positional Intuition, Russell Enterprises, ISBN 9781888690439
* Müller, Karsten; Pajeken, Wolfgang (2008), How to Play Chess Endings, Gambit Publications, ISBN 978-1-904600-86-2
* Müller, Karsten (2009), Bobby Fischer (The Career and Complete Games of the American World Chess Champion), Russell Enterprises, ISBN 978-1-888690-59-0
* Müller, Karsten; Van Delft, Merijn (2010), ChessCafe Puzzle Book, No. 3: Test and Improve Your Defensive Skill!, Russell Enterprises, ISBN 9781888690668
* Müller, Karsten (2013), Gelfand-Anand 2012: Match for the World Chess Championship, Russell Enterprises, ASIN B00GI0R28O

## ChessBase Products

Karsten has authored a large number of ChessBase products. These can be found online here
# Samarina, Estonia

Samarina is a village in Setomaa Parish, Võru County in southeastern Estonia.
Samarina and its neighbouring villages (Kundruse, Litvina, Pattina, Perdaku, Saabolda, Saatse, Sesniki and Ulitina) are notable as part of Estonia that although not an enclave, before 2008, it wasn't reachable by road without passing through Russian territory for several hundred metres, through an area known as the Saatse Boot. In 2008 a new Matsuri–Sesniki road was opened, making it possible to reach the area without necessarily passing through the Saatse Boot. This is however a 15–20 km (9.3–12.4 mi) detour if going from Värska.
# Margaret Adams

Margaret Adams is the name of:
* Margaret Q. Adams (1874–1974), first woman deputy sheriff in the United States
* Margaret Adams (pilot), Australian aviator
# Aku Päiviö

Aukusti "Aku" Päiviö (2 April 1879 – 13 May 1967) was a Finnish Canadian journalist, poet and socialist. With Sanna Kannasto and A.T. Hill, he was one of the key figures in the Finnish Canadian socialist movement of the early 1900s. Päiviö was a Marxist who saw education as the most important part of the class struggle.

## Biography

Päiviö was born in the municipality of Kärsämäki, Finland, in the Northern Ostrobothnia region. He emigrated to the United States in 1902 at the age of 23. Päiviö worked as the editor of Finnish American newspapers Amerikan Uutiset (The American News), Päivän Uutiset (The Daily News) and Kansan Lehti (The People's Newspaper), published in Calumet and Ironwood, Michigan.
In June 1905 Päiviö began as the editor of Raivaaja (The Pioneer), the Eastern newspaper of the Finnish Socialist Federation located in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. He would remain in the position until the spring of 1906, after which he would remain on the staff as an Associate Editor until December 1909.
Päiviö was married in 1906 and moved to Thunder Bay, Ontario in 1912. For seventeen years Päiviö earned his living as a poet and a playwright. In 1929 he was invited by the Finnish Organization of Canada to work as the editor of their Vapaus newspaper in Sudbury. Ten years later Päiviö became the editor of literary and women's magazine Liekki (The Flame) that was established in 1935. Liekki was a magazine with more short stories, poems and entertainment than political thrust. Päiviös literary work include hundreds of poems published in several anthologies, three novels and six plays, of which three were for children. They were mostly written in Finnish. He died in 1967 in Ontario, Canada.

## Family

Aku Päiviö and his Finnish-born spouse Ida Hänninen (1882–1968) had six children, four sons and two daughters. Their son Jules Päiviö (1917–2013) was an architect and professor. He was the last surviving member of the Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion fighting in the Spanish Civil War. As Jules volunteered the war, Aku wrote his best-known poem, To My Son in Spain, dedicated to his son. Päiviö's son, Allan Paivio, was an emeritus professor of psychology at the University of Western Ontario. He was best known for his dual-coding theory. His other sons were Veikko Paivio (1910–1987) and Allan (Raikas) Paivio, and daughters Terry (Terttu Paivio) Hart (1908–1995) and Tilhi (Paivio) Simmons (1914–1992).
# Scouting and Guiding in South Australia

Scouting in South Australia began in 1908.
In the early years of Scouting in South Australia, local Boy Scout patrols and troops formed independently and there were several separate central organisations including Boys' Brigade Scouts, Church Lads Brigade Scouts, Chums Scouts, British Boy Scouts, The Boy Scouts Association, Life-Saving Scouts of the Salvation Army and Methodist Boy Scouts.
Scouting in South Australia is now predominantly represented by Scouts Australia's South Australian Branch and the Girl Guides South Australia, a member organisation of Girl Guides Australia. There is representation by ethnic scout associations, some of which form the Ethnic Scouts and Guides of South Australia (ESGOSA) and, since 1984, representation by the Baden-Powell Scouts' Association.

## Scouts Australia South Australian Branch

Scouts Australia's South Australian Branch has 11 districts - Adelaide Foothills, Beadell, Heysen, Hills to Coast, Karkana, Limestone Coast, Mawson, Ridley, Three Rivers and Torrens. There are also Lone Scouts for youth too far away from a regular meeting place.

### Facilities

* Woodhouse Adventure Park, Piccadilly - site of numerous Australian Scout Jamborees
* Roonka River Adventure Park - near Blanchetown, South Australia
* Camp Nyroca - Near Port Lincoln
* Glenelg Activities Centre
* Napperby Scout Camp, - Near Port Pirie
* Seahaven, Outer Harbor

### Rovering

As of October 2024, there are 11 Rover Units (previously called Crews) in South Australia that run programs at the Unit and Branch level.

## Girl Guides Australia

Girl Guides SA operates three accommodation sites in South Australia, GTS Dolphin beachfront accommodation in Port Adelaide, Douglas Scrub campsite near McLaren Flat, and Tuckerway Hostel.

## Gang Shows and other theatrical experiences

There are a number of Gang Shows put on in South Australia. A Gang Show is a Scout variety show.
* Adelaide Gang Show - started in 1961.
* Comedy Capers Gang Show - started in 1965, located in Northern Adelaide.
* Scouts Shouts Youth Theatre - started in 1973, located in Salisbury, South Australia.
* Carry On Guides - the only known all-Guide show worldwide, started in 1973, located in Northern Adelaide.