OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# S. Samar Hasnain

S. Samar Hasnain FInstP, FRSC, is the inaugural Max Perutz professor of Molecular Biophysics at the University of Liverpool. In 1991 he became a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and in 2002 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry. In 1997 he became a Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences. He became Foreign Fellows of Pakistan Academy of Sciences in 2017.

## Education

In 1970 Hasnain earned a Bachelor of Science (Honours) an M.Sc. in 1972 from the University of Karachi and a Ph.D. in 1976 from the University of Manchester on Molecular Crystals, using synchrotron radiation from the NINA facility.

## Career and Research

After spending a year as Post-Doctoral Research Associate at Manchester he joined DESY in Hamburg as a DESY Fellow working on the Storage ring Synchrotron Radiation Facility, where the synchrotron team created HASYLAB in 1978.
In 1979, Professor Hasnain joined the Daresbury Laboratory as a member of the team establishing the world’s first dedicated X-Ray synchrotron radiation source (the SRS). In 1989, he established the Molecular Biophysics group at Daresbury, where he remained as head of the group until March 2008 when he moved to the University of Liverpool. During 2011-2105 he was the International Lead for the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences of the university.
In 1982, Hasnain helped Perutz to resolve a controversy in the mechanism of oxygen uptake by haemoglobin.
He is the founding Editor of the International Union of Crystallography’s (IUCr) Journal of Synchrotron Radiation in 1993 and was Editor in Chief of IUCr Journals from 2012 to 2018. In 2014, he launched the IUCr’s flagship journal IUCrJ. He is a member of the International Advisory Board for IUCrJ. He is also an Editor of the journal Current opinion in Structural Biology.
He has been engaged with the SESAME synchrotron project in Jordan, launched under the umbrella of UNESCO, since its inception in 2004 and has been the UK Government’s representative on its council since its foundation. He has been chair of its Programme Review committee since 2018.
His main research interest is in structure-function studies of proteins and their complexes that are involved in biological electron transfer, nitrogen cycles and neurodegenerative diseases and in structure-based drug discovery targeted towards neurodegenerative diseases and malaria.
Hasnain has pioneered an approach to defining the structures of metalloproteins that combines not only X-ray crystallography and solution X-ray scattering, now used widely in the structural biology community, but also X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and optical spectroscopies. More recently, he has used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), applied to a number of membrane proteins. The integration of spectroscopic methods with crystallography and the use of XFEL radiation for providing damage-free structures for redox proteins.
In 2019, Hasnain and Prof. Richard Catlow co-authored an article giving personal accounts of how their work in the fields of structural molecular biology, materials and catalytic science developed and evolved using synchrotron techniques.
# SS Badenia

A number of steamships have carried the name Badenia, including:
* SS Badenia (1902), a cargo liner in service 1902–1921
* SS Badenia (1912), a coaster in service 1912–1939
# SRT-2183

SRT-2183 is a drug in development by Sirtris Pharmaceuticals intended as a small-molecule activator of the sirtuin subtype SIRT1. It has similar activity in animal studies to another SIRT1 activator SRT-1720, but is closer in potency to resveratrol. In animal studies it was found to improve insulin sensitivity and lower plasma glucose levels in fat, muscle and liver tissue, and increased mitochondrial and metabolic function. However, the claim that SRT-2183 is a SIRT1 activator has been questioned and further defended.
# S. nitida

S. nitida may refer to:
* Segmentina nitida, the shining ram's-horn snail, a freshwater snail species found in Europe
* Soletellina nitida, the shining sunset shell, a bivalve mollusc species
# S. nivea

S. nivea may refer to:
* Symplocos nivea, a plant endemic to Malaysia
* Syrmoptera nivea, a synonym for Syrmoptera melanomitra, a butterfly from Africa
* Sympagis nivea and Strobilanthes nivea, synonyms for Strobilanthes tonkinensis, a plant from Southeast Asia
# SD Gama

Sociedad Deportiva Gama is a Spanish football team based in Bárcena de Cicero, in the autonomous community of Cantabria. Founded in 1971 it currently plays in Tercera Federación – Group 3, holding home games at Campo de Fútbol Santa María, which has a capacity of 800 spectators.

## Season to season

| Season | Tier | Division | Place |
| 1972–73 | 6 | 3ª Reg. | 12th |
| 1973–74 | 6 | 3ª Reg. | 9th |
| 1974–75 | 6 | 2ª Reg. | 6th |
| 1975–76 | 6 | 2ª Reg. | 7th |
| 1976–77 | 6 | 2ª Reg. | 2nd |
| 1977–78 | 6 | 1ª Reg. | 12th |
| 1978–79 | 6 | 1ª Reg. | 3rd |
| 1979–80 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 13th |
| 1980–81 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 14th |
| 1981–82 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 13th |
| 1982–83 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 12th |
| 1983–84 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 6th |
| 1984–85 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 7th |
| 1985–86 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 4th |
| 1986–87 | 4 | 3ª | 18th |
| 1987–88 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 1st |
| 1988–89 | 4 | 3ª | 16th |
| 1989–90 | 4 | 3ª | 20th |
| 1990–91 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 13th |
| 1991–92 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 5th |
| Season | Tier | Division | Place |
| 1992–93 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 2nd |
| 1993–94 | 4 | 3ª | 20th |
| 1994–95 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 16th |
| 1995–96 | 6 | 1ª Reg. | 6th |
| 1996–97 | 6 | 1ª Reg. | 4th |
| 1997–98 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 7th |
| 1998–99 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 5th |
| 1999–2000 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 12th |
| 2000–01 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 4th |
| 2001–02 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 7th |
| 2002–03 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 11th |
| 2003–04 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 7th |
| 2004–05 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 1st |
| 2005–06 | 4 | 3ª | 13th |
| 2006–07 | 4 | 3ª | 14th |
| 2007–08 | 4 | 3ª | 19th |
| 2008–09 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 6th |
| 2009–10 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 10th |
| 2010–11 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 4th |
| 2011–12 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 1st |
| Season | Tier | Division | Place |
| 2012–13 | 4 | 3ª | 12th |
| 2013–14 | 4 | 3ª | 7th |
| 2014–15 | 4 | 3ª | 13th |
| 2015–16 | 4 | 3ª | 19th |
| 2016–17 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 12th |
| 2017–18 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 11th |
| 2018–19 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 7th |
| 2019–20 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 11th |
| 2020–21 | 5 | Reg. Pref. | 6th |
| 2021–22 | 6 | Reg. Pref. | 3rd |
| 2022–23 | 5 | 3ª Fed. | 15th |
| 2023–24 | 6 | Reg. Pref. | 2nd |
| 2024–25 | 5 | 3ª Fed. | |
* 10 seasons in Tercera División
* 2 seasons in Tercera Federación

## Honours

* Regional Preferente: 1987–88, 2004–05, 2011–12
# SS Pampa (1906)

SS Pampa was a French ocean liner converted into a troopship in world War I, which was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 84 nautical miles (156 km) east of Valletta, Malta by SM UC-22 ( Imperial German Navy) with the loss of 117 lives.
The Pampa was built as an ocean liner for service between Marseille and South-America. The ship was requisitioned by the Army and converted into a troop ship for use in World War I.
On 27 August 1918, she was sailing with French soldiers on board from Marseille via Bizerte to Thessaloniki in a convoy consisting of 5 other transport ships and 4 destroyers. She was torpedoed at 03:30 by German U-boat SM UC-22, commanded by Eberhard Weichold. She sank at 04:20, 84 nautical miles (156 km) east of Malta, causing the death of 117 soldiers.

## Sources

* Pages 14-18 discussions Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine
* Wreck site
* U-boat.net
* The Pampa in the Clydebuilt Ships Database (with image)
# National Solidarity Party

National Solidarity Party may refer to one of the following parties.
* National Solidarity Party (Guatemala)
* National Solidarity Party (Peru)
* National Solidarity Party (Portugal)
* National Solidarity Party (Singapore)
* National Solidarity Party of Afghanistan
* National Solidarity Party (Yemen)
# STIC Investments

STIC Investments Inc. is an international venture capital and private equity fund management firm. It was founded in July 1999. As of early 2024, STIC Investments had AUM of US$6.7 billion.
STIC Investments is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, has offices in Busan, Hong Kong, Ho Chi Minh City, Shanghai, and Taipei, and employs 70 people.

## Investment Areas

STIC Investments engages in growth capital investments, buyouts, and secondary market transactions pertaining to mid-cap companies. In early 2013, STIC Investments indicated its intention to become active in the area of mergers and acquisitions of large corporations.
STIC Investments establishes off-shore structured vehicles targeted at international investors, and is one of a small number of Asia-based firms that manage Shariah-compliant private equity funds, having targeted this group of investors since 2004.
STIC Investments has invested in over 300 companies to date, mostly in technology-enabled manufacturing industries including the TMT (Technology, media, telecommunications), health care, biotechnology, clean technology, automotive, and shipbuilding / offshore plant industries.

### Notable Investments
#### Exited

STIC Investments paid 10 billion won (US$8.54 million) for a 22% stake in Jeil Hydraulics in late 2009, which it sold to Eaton Corporation in mid-2012 for 30.8 billion won (US$29 million), thereby more than tripling its investment in less than three years. The stake was held in the STIC Private Equity Fund II.
The firm made an initial investment of US$20.3 million in Golfzon, a maker of a golf simulator, in March 2008, and sold its stake in early 2012 for US$72.9 million, earning a 3.6x return, or a gross IRR of 66.1%. The stake was held in the now-liquidated STIC Private Equity Fund I.
The firm owned stakes in Playspan, which was sold to VISA in 2011.
The firm sold a 7.57% stake in music label Hybe (formerly called Big Hit Entertainment) in June 2021.

#### Ongoing

In 2012, the firm invested KRW162 billion (US$144 million) to acquire an 8.1% stake in Posco Energy, and invested US$28.2 million in Hyundai Oil Terminal, a subsidiary of Hyundai Oilbank.

## Ongoing Funds

* STIC Private Equity Fund II
* STIC Secondary Fund III
* STIC Secondary Fund II
* STIC M&A Fund II
* STIC Pan-Asia Technology Fund
* STIC Pioneer Fund II

## Recognition

STIC Investments has received several domestic awards, including the "Best Private Equity Fund" award at the 4th Korea Investment Banking Awards, sponsored by the Korea Economic Daily, and the "Best Exit Deal" award at the 2013 Korea Venture Capital awards, sponsored by Money Today [ko] and the Korea Venture Capital Association. The company was also selected as the "Best Private Equity Manager" in the 2013 AsianInvestor Korea Awards and received the "Industrial Service Medal" from the president of South Korea in 2007.
# STID

STID may refer to:
* Service type identifier, a three-digit value in the data payload of an Intelligent Mail barcode
* Star Trek Into Darkness, a 2013 American science fiction action film
# STIM

STIM, Svenska Tonsättares Internationella Musikbyrå (Swedish Performing Rights Society), is a Swedish collecting society for songwriters, composers and music publishers. Its role is to act as an agent for its members in order to collect license fees whenever their musical works are performed in public, broadcast or transmitted, and to pay out performing royalties.
STIM was founded in 1923, a few years before Sveriges Radio began regular broadcasting. Initially an organization for collecting concert fees for composers of classical music, it has since expanded to all genres of music, and license fees from broadcasters have become an important source of income. The organization now has more than 71,000 members. In 2003–2007 the annual turnover was slightly more than 1000 million SEK.
Once an organization is set up, representing a majority of copyright holders within a type of works (as STIM is for composers of recorded music), Swedish copyright law (1960:729, chapter 3a, sections §42a–f) grants users of such works (e.g. broadcasters that use recorded music) the right to use all such works under a single contract with that organization. The collected fees are set by STIM, depending on the size of the audience but independent of the individual work or composer. An individual composer who disagrees, must actively opt out (§42b–e, 2nd paragraph) of this collective arrangement. A composer who wants a share of the fees has to join STIM as a member.
Copyrights are administered through another organization NCB of which STIM is part owner.
In 2019 they launched a new part of the office – Stim Music Room – which is a work space where all members can hang out, hold meetings, study as well as work in one of the well equipped studios. Everything is for free and is, according to STIM, a way of creating a space for songwriters where one can make new connections, write music and develop.
# Naungkut

Naungkut is the name of several villages in Sagaing Region, Myanmar:
* Naungkut, Man In village tract, Banmauk Township
* Naungkut, Naungkan village tract, Banmauk Township
# SZD-13 Wampir

The SZD-13 Wampir (Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny - Glider Experimental Works) was a single-seat tail-less glider designed and built in Poland from 1955.

## Development

The SZD-13 Wampir was a development of the SZD-6X Nietoperz, using a NACA laminar flow aerofoil. Main designer was Irena Kaniewska. Wind tunnel tests on the prototype were not encouraging, so it was not flown, in favor of the more advanced SZD-20 Wampir II.

## Specifications and predicted performance (SZD-13 Wampir)

Data from http://www.piotrp.de/SZYBOWCE/pszd13.htm
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 3.64 m (11 ft 11 in)
* Wingspan: 15 m (49 ft 3 in)
* Wing area: 16 m$^2$ (172 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 14.1
* Airfoil: NACA laminar flow
Performance
* Maximum speed: 210 km/h (130 mph, 113 kn)
* Stall speed: 57 km/h (35 mph, 31 kn)
* Maximum glide ratio: 29.4 at 75.5 km/h (46.9 mph/40.8 kts)
* Rate of sink: 0.64 m/s (126 ft/min) at 63.5 km/h (39.5 mph/34.3 kts)
# Nautøy

Nautøy or Nautøya is an unpopulated island in Stord municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It sits at the southern end of the Stokksund sound about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) south of the village of Sagvåg. The island is connected to the nearby island of Spissøy by the Bømla Bridge and to the nearby island of Føyno via a small bridge. Country Road 542, part of the Triangle Link, runs across the island.
# Saccharoturris

Saccharoturris is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Mangeliidae

## Species

Species within the genus Saccharoturris include:
* † Saccharoturris centrodes J. Gardner, 1937
* † Saccharoturris consentanea (R.J.L. Guppy, 1896)
* Saccharoturris monocingulata (Dall, 1889)
# Naval Science and Technological Laboratory

The Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) is an Indian defence laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), located in Visakhapatnam. Its main function is the research and development of underwater weapons and associated systems. NSTL is organized under DRDO's Directorate of Naval R&D. The present director of NSTL is Dr. Abraham Varughese and Director General(DG) is Dr Y. Sreenivas Rao, Distinguished Scientist .

## History

NSTL was established on 20 August 1969 to undertake research and development of major naval systems and underwater weapons for the Indian Navy to make it self-reliant.

## Areas of work

NSTL is involved in the design, development, testing, evaluation and productionization of underwater weapons and their associated weapon control systems. These include torpedoes, mines, decoys, targets, simulators, Fire Control Systems and weapon launchers.
The lab is also involved in investigating hydrodynamic parameters and structural design of surface and submerged naval platforms and in evolving design criteria through model studies and simulation. NSTL is also involved in developing Warship Technologies, Stealth Technology for ships and Hydro-dynamic research services.
NSTL also develops specialized materials for Marine Applications, including materials for mitigation of Radar, IR, Magnetic, Acoustic and ELFE Signatures leading to stealthier platforms.

### Facilities

NSTL is equipped with laboratories and Hydrodynamic research facilities including a High Speed Towing Tank (HSTT), a Cavitation Tunnel and a Wind Tunnel. They also have Acoustic, Shock, Noise and Vibration Test Facilities that are used to measure, study and analyze the mitigation of underwater noise generated by ships and submarines.

## Projects and Products

* Maareech ATDS
* Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
* Torpedo Advanced Light Shyena
* Advanced Light Weight Torpedo
* Varunastra HWT
* Shakti Thermal Torpedo
* Takshak Torpedo
# SS City of Bradford (1903)

SS City of Bradford was a British passenger and cargo steamship that was built in Yorkshire in 1903, renamed Donau in 1916, reverted to City of Bradford in 1919 and became Hanne in 1936.
In the First World War the Imperial German Navy captured her and used her as an auxiliary ship. In the Second World War she was sunk by an air attack in the Mediterranean in 1942.

## Building

In 1903 Earle's Shipbuilding and Engineering of Hull, Yorkshire built a pair of ferries for the Great Central Railway. City of Leeds was launched on 8 June 1903. Jane Robinson, wife of the Great Central's chief mechanical engineer John G. Robinson, launched City of Leeds' sister ship City of Bradford on 23 July.
City of Bradford' registered length was 256.5 ft (78.2 m), her beam was 34.5 ft (10.5 m) and her depth was 15.7 ft (4.8 m). As built, her tonnages were 1,341 GRT and 735 NRT. She was registered at Grimsby. Her UK official number was 118913 and her code letters were VFRM.

## GCR and LNER career

City of Leeds and City of Bradford ran scheduled services between Grimsby and Hamburg. In 1913 City of Bradford's tonnages were revised to 1,349 GRT and 739 NRT.
When the First World War began at the end of July 1914, City of Leeds was caught unawares. The German Navy captured her off Heligoland and took her to Hamburg as a prize. She was converted into a naval repair ship, then a tender ship and finally an escort ship. By 1916 she had been renamed Donau. In 1919 she was returned to Grimsby and her name was reverted to City of Bradford.
In 1923 City of Bradford's tonnages were revised again to 1,360 GRT and 677 NRT. In the same year the Great Central became part of the new London and North Eastern Railway (LNER), and City of Bradford became part of its fleet.
By 1930 City of Bradford was equipped for wireless telegraphy and her navigation equipment included submarine signalling. In 1934 the call sign MCXZ superseded her code letters. From 1935 Associated Humber Lines managed her.

## Near East Shipping Company

In 1936 the LNER sold City of Bradford to the Near East Shipping Co, which was managed from Haifa in Palestine. Her new owner renamed the ship Hanne and registered her in London.
In the Second World War Hanne was in the Mediterranean. In November 1940 she was part of Convoy AS 5 from Piraeus to Port Said. In February 1942 she was part of Convoy AT 29 from Alexandria to Tobruk.
Convoy AT 29 comprised only three merchant ships: the Palestinian Alisa, Danish Bintang, and Hanne. It had no naval escort. The three ships left Alexandria on 20 February 1942. Two days later German aircraft attacked the convoy, sinking Hanne off the coast of Egypt and Bintang off the coast of Libya. Four members of Hanne's crew and 19 members of Bintang's crew were killed.
# Nduguti

Nduguti is an administrative ward in the Mkalama District of the Singida Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a total population of 15,955. According to the 2012 census, the population had decreased to 8,638.
# Naziha Arebi

Naziha Arebi is a Libyan-British director, producer, writer and artist who was born in 1984 to an English mother and Libyan father and was raised in Hastings. She is well-recognized for directing and producing award-winning Freedom Fields, which premiered at the 2018 Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF), and other movie projects. Her photography and writing has also been published in multiple newspapers and magazines. Naziha's films have been shown at multiple more film festivals, including Arab Film Festival USA, Edinburgh International Film Festival, Venice International Film Festival, and the Tripoli Film Festival. Her writings and photography have also been published in multiple magazines and newspapers. She also works with many organizations such as UN Women and BBC Media Action.

## Filmography

* Freedom Fields
* After A Revolution
# Naziha Syed Ali

Naziha Syed Ali is a Pakistani investigative journalist who is an Assistant Editor at Dawn, she has carried out investigation into real estate corruption, police involvement in encounter killings and enforced conversion to Islam. In 2020 she was the subject of a half-hour profile by Owen Bennett-Jones on the BBC World Service.
In 2016, Naziha Syed Ali reported on collusion between Board of Revenue, Sindh, Malir Development Authority, the district administration and police to acquire land to complete Bahria Town Karachi, a privately owned gated suburb. In 2019 she returned to the story to expose the way in which the real estate developer had continued to extend its reach. She has also investigated the 'land mafia' in Karachi. Syed Ali has also reported for Newsline Magazine and Channel Four News (UK).

## Works
### Articles

* (with Fahim Zaman) "Bahria Town Karachi: Greed unlimited". Dawn. 18 April 2016.
* (with Fahim Zaman) "The DHA City juggernaut rolls on in the name of development". Dawn. 18 December 2017.
* "Dawn Investigations: The shaky foundations of ASF Arabian Vista". Dawn. 4 February 2019.
* "Bahria Town Karachi: Greed unbound". Dawn. 28 September 2019.
* "The land mafia's rackets: A disaster foretold". Dawn. 14 September 2019.

### Documentary films

* The miseducation of Pakistan, 2007
* Among the believers, 2016
# Sabonis

Sabonis is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arvydas Sabonis (born 1964), Lithuanian retired professional basketball player and businessman
* Domantas Sabonis (born 1996), Lithuanian-American professional basketball player and son of Arvydas