OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Planetary Fourier Spectrometer

The Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (PFS) is an infrared spectrometer built by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italian National Institute for Astrophysics) along with the Istituto di Fisica dello spazio Interplanetario and the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italian National Research Council). The instrument is currently used by the European Space Agency on both the Mars Express Mission and the Venus Express Mission. It consists of four units which together weigh around 31.4 kg, including a pointing device, a power supply, a control unit, and an interferometer with electronics.
The main objective of the instrument is to provide temperature profiles of Mars's carbon dioxide atmosphere, and to the study composition of the planet's atmosphere through the infrared radiation that is reflected and emitted by the planet.

## Methane in the Martian atmosphere

In March 2004, Professor Vittorio Formisano, the researcher in charge of the Mars Express Planetary Fourier Spectrometer, announced the discovery of methane in the Martian atmosphere. However, methane cannot persist in the Martian atmosphere for more than a few hundred years since it can be broken down by sunlight. Thus, this discovery suggests that the methane is being continually replenished by some unidentified volcanic or geologic process, or that some kind of extremophile life form similar to some existing on Earth is metabolising carbon dioxide and hydrogen and producing methane. In July 2004, rumours began to circulate that Formisano would announce the discovery of ammonia at an upcoming conference. It later came to light that none had been found; in fact some noted that the PFS was not precise enough to distinguish ammonia from carbon dioxide anyway.
# Z2 (company)

Z2 (formerly Z2Live Inc.) was an American video game developer based in Seattle that focused on the creation of mobile games. In 2015, the company was acquired by King, which is a subsidiary of Activision Blizzard. It was shuttered in early 2019 with the closing of King's Seattle mobile game studio.

## History

Z2Live was founded in 2009 by David Bluhm and Damon Danieli with the goal of creating an Xbox Live style gaming platform. With the announcement of Apple's Game Center, Lou Fasulo, SVP, pivoted the company to its current business of creating highly social freemium games for mobile. The company's first game was Trade Nations, a city building simulation, which achieved critical acclaim as well as viral success within its first few months on the iOS platform. Following the initial success of Trade Nations, the company received additional investment from Seattle's Madrona Venture Group as well as Draper Fisher Jurvetson. The company's next game, MetalStorm, brought the freemium model to aerial combat flight simulators while also earning acclaim for its integration of AirPlay mirroring. Following MetalStorm, the company released its third iOS title Battle Nations which combined city building mechanics with strategy-based PvP. The company also expanded in 2012 with the acquisition of Big Sandwich Games, a Vancouver-based game developer company. 2015 saw the launch of their most successful game, Paradise Bay, and was the last one in existence upon their closure in 2019.
On February 12, 2015, Z2Live was acquired by King. On February 12, 2019, the company was shut down following mass layoffs by Activision Blizzard.

## Games

| Name | Platform(s) | Year released |
| Trade Nations | iOS / OS X | 2010 |
| MetalStorm | iOS | 2011 |
| Battle Nations | iOS / OS X / Android | 2011 |
| Nitro | iOS | 2011 |
| MetalStorm: Aces | iOS | 2013 |
| ShadowSlayer | iOS | 2013 |
| Paradise Bay | iOS / Android / Windows / Fire OS | 2015 |
# Zahme Sau

Zahme Sau (Lit. tame sow; generally known in English as "Tame Boar") was a night fighter interception tactic conceived by Viktor von Loßberg and introduced by the German Luftwaffe in 1943. As a raid approached, the fighters were scrambled and collected to orbit one of several radio beacons throughout Germany, ready to be directed en masse into the bomber stream by running commentaries from the Jagddivision. Once in the stream, fighters made radar contact with bombers, and attacked them for as long as they had fuel and ammunition.
# Zahmyre Harris

Zahmyre "Zay" Harris (born October 14, 1998) is a professional soccer player who plays defender for the United States Virgin Islands national soccer team in FIFA and CONCACAF. He played Division One college soccer for Georgia Southern University. He played youth soccer for Georgia United Developmental Academy that has now became Atlanta United.

## Personal life

Born in Texas, he relocated to the Atlanta area at the age of 7. His mother is American while his father hails from Saint Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played September 4, 2024.
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2018 | 1 | 0 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2019 | 0 | 0 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2020 | 0 | 0 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2021 | 1 | 0 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2022 | 1 | 0 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2023 | 6 | 0 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 2024 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 10 | 0 |
# Yuyun Ismawati

Yuyun Ismawati (born 1964) is an Indonesian environmental engineer. She has worked on design of city and rural water supply systems, and later on designing systems for safe waste management. She was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2009.
She is Senior Advisor and co-founder of BALIFOKUS Foundation, a Bali-based environmental NGO. Yuyun has broad and rich experiences in urban environmental management issues, environmental health and sanitation, as well as climate and toxics issues.
# List of dance occupations

This is a list of dancing and dance-related occupations assumed by various individuals involved in this line of work.
* Ballet dancer
** Corps de ballet
** Demi-soloist
** Principal dancer
** Soloist
* Ballet historian
* Ballet master
* Choreographer
* Dance critic
* Dance historian
* Dance notator
* Dance scholar
* Dance therapist
* Dancer
** Backup dancer
** Caller (dancing)
** Exotic dancer
** Majorette (dancer)
** Showgirl
** Taxi dancer
* Répétiteur
# Yvon Garlan

Yvon Garlan (16 July 1933 – 8 July 2022) was a French historian and academic. He specialized in classical antiquity.

## Biography

Born in 1933, Garlan studied at the École normale supérieure and earned an agrégation in history. A specialist in the Hellenistic period, he was a professor at Rennes 2 University. His research led to the expansion of knowledge on Ancient Greek slavery, the Greek wars, and the amphoric stamp [fr]. His studies on the stamp systems of Thasos, Sinope, and Heraclea Pontica were highly notable.
In February 1979, Garlan was one of 34 signatories of a declaration written by Léon Poliakov Pierre Vidal-Naquet to dismantle the historical negationism of Robert Faurisson. In 1991, he became a correspondent of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.
Yvon Garlan died on 8 July 2022 at the age of 88.

## Publications

* La Guerre dans l'Antiquité (1972)
* Recherches de poliorcétique grecque (1974)
* Les Révoltes bretonnes de 1675 (1975)
* Les Esclaves en Grèce ancienne (1982)
* Vin et amphores de Thasos (1988)
* Guerre et économie en Grèce ancienne (1989)
* Pleumeur-Bodou : chronique d'une commune trégorroise entre l'Ancien régime et la révolution spatiale (1994)
* Les Timbres amphoriques de Thasos (1999)
* Les Timbres céramiques sinopéens sur amphores et sur tuiles trouvés à Sinope (2004)
# Zastava M88

The Zastava M88 is a semi-automatic pistol produced by Zastava Arms, it is a compact redesign of the Zastava M57 pistol.

## Features

A simple handgun available in 9×19mm Parabellum and .40 S&W with non-adjustable sights and a single-action trigger, just like its older cousin, the TT-33. The M88 has a shorter 3.5 inch barrel and a different hammer position. A variant of the pistol called the M88A features an external safety on the slide and an internal firing pin block safety.

## Usage

The M88 saw limited use as a service pistol with the Yugoslav police and military forces, but was replaced by the higher capacity CZ 99 series, while sometimes used as a training pistol in some military training camps in Serbia. Since then it has been widely available for civilian purchase. The M88 and M88A are also imported into the United States by the K-VAR/FIME Group.
# Zastava M90

The Zastava M90 is an assault rifle developed and produced by Zastava Arms in Serbia (formerly the Socialist Republic of Serbia, Yugoslavia). It was developed from the Zastava M70 assault rifle, a modified copy of the Soviet AKM, but with a Western type flash eliminator added on the barrel end, chambered in the Western 5.56×45mm NATO caliber, and with a different magazine design, similar to a STANAG magazine.
The M90 was intended to replace the M70 in the Yugoslav Army, but the breakup of Yugoslavia disrupted the production and the weapon today remains rare and was never formally used.

## Overview

The Zastava M90 is the modified version of Zastava M80, itself a version of the Zastava M70 (chambered in the Western 5.56×45mm NATO round), also comes with a flash eliminator and different magazine design, which means that like its predecessor, the M90 is a modified Soviet AKM. It is gas-operated, air-cooled and magazine-fed, shoulder fired weapon with selective fire capability, and like M70, can launch rifle grenades and has a rifle grenade sight added on the gas tube, instead of under barrel grenade launcher like on most other AK variants. It also incorporates the adjustable gas system from its M76, M77 and B1 cousins, with the third gas position being the gas cutoff for grenades.
Like all Zastava-produced AK variants, the M90 can be identified from the originals by its longer lower wooden handguard design, which has three cooling vents, no bulge and like the stock, is made out of different wood type. Also, due to using Western round, this particular model also has different magazine design, similar to Western STANAG and a Western type of flash eliminator, similar to one used on American M16 assault rifle. Like on the other Zastava AK's, this three-vent feature gives the M90 lower overheating when compared to the originals, but the Western round in this case, slightly reduces reliability.

## Variants

* Zastava M90 – Standard variant with fixed wooden stock.
* Zastava M90A – Variant with a fixed wooden stock being replaced with an AKMS style underfolding metallic one.
* Zastava M90NP – Variant with a fixed polymer stock and an added polymer adapter to accept AR15 style magazines.
* Zastava M85 – Carbine; shortened variant of the M90A assault rifle.
* Zastava USA M90 – Variant designed for import into the United States. Comes with an adjustable gas block, side-folding stock, and new polymer magazines. Has a barrel length of 18.25 inches (464 mm) and an unloaded weight of 8.65 pounds (3.92 kg).
# Zakaria Street

Zakaria Street is a street that joins Rabindra Sarani with Chittaranjan Avenue (Central Avenue) in Central Kolkata. Nakhoda Mosque is situated in this street. It is the biggest ramadan market in Kolkata. Mohammad Ali Park is located very close to this street. This street is very popular to food bloggers.

## History

During the colonial period, the British authority divided the city of Kolkata into two parts. There was a part of the British whose name was White Town. Zakaria Street was then part of Black Town. Zakaria Street was developed as a residential area in the past. In the nineteenth century, Haji Nur Muhammad Zakaria, a Muslim businessman from the Kutchi Memon community, lived on Armanitola Street. This street is named after him. Later, especially after the riots of 1910, some Muslim families left the area. In 1911, as part of the development work of Calcutta Improvement Trust on the street, it demolished several slums owned by some Muslims, leading to frequent inter-communal territorial fights between the prosperous Marwaris and working class Muslims of this area. Then several Marwari families started to dominate in this area. Frequent riots drove many Marwaris away from the street in the 1950s.

## Food street

There are about 100 temporary stalls on this street during the month of Ramadan. There are also at least thirty restaurants open throughout the year. A variety of food is sold in front of the Nakhoda Mosque on the street. This place is usually famous for sahri and iftar food during Ramadan season. A variety of kebabs are available on this street. Haleem is available at Sufia and Aminia Restaurant on Zakaria Street. Chicken Changeji, a North Indian dish, is sold on many more restaurants, including Dilli 6 on this street. Halwa and Lachcha Sewai are also available here. Royal India Hotel sells mutton chap and biryani here. This street is popular for Bakarkhani.
# Zafra kaicherae

Zafra kaicherae is a species of sea snail in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 3 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Réunion, Indian Ocean.
# Zafra melitoma

Zafra melitoma is a species of sea snail in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 3.25 mm, its diameter 1.5 mm.
This minute, ovate-obese shell is semipellucid. It contains six whorls of which three smooth ones in the protoconch. It is perfectly distinct from all forms of Zafra selasphora and, seemingly, the whorls are more ventricose than in Colombella atomella Duclos, 1840 (synonym of Zafra pumila (Dunker, 1860) ). Zafra melitoma differs in its ventricose whorls, thick ribs, smooth, excepting where crossed by slender lirae towards the base of the body whorl, and golden-yellow colour. The opaque white spiral band just below the sutures is likewise characteristic. The aperture is narrow. The outer lip is incrassate with denticles pointing inwards. The simple columella is almost upright.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Pakistan coast.
# List of castles in Glasgow

This is a list of castles in Glasgow.

## List

| Name | Type | Date | Condition | Ownership | Location | Notes |
| Bishop's Castle, Glasgow | | | No remains | | High Street, Glasgow | Demolished in the late 18th century |
| Cathcart Castle | | 15th century | Ruined | | Linn Park, Cathcart | Abandoned in the 18th century, pulled down in the 1980s |
| Crookston Castle | X-plan tower house | 12th century; rebuilt c. 1400 | Ruined | Historic Scotland | Pollok | |
| Haggs Castle | Tower house | 16th century | Occupied as a residence | Private | Pollokshields | |
| Partick Castle | | 1611 | No remains | | Partick | Demolished during the 1830s |
# Zappa (surname)

Zappa is a surname. It is an occupational name meaning "farmer", from the Italian word for "hoe" (gardening tool).
Notable people with the name include:
* Frank Zappa (1940–1993), an American musician, songwriter, composer, recording engineer, record producer and film director
** Ahmet Zappa (born 1974), Frank's son
*** Shana Muldoon Zappa (born 1977), American writer and designer of Disney Star Darlings, wife of Ahmet Zappa
** Diva Zappa (born 1979), Frank's daughter
** Dweezil Zappa (born 1969), Frank's son
** Gail Zappa (1945–2015), Frank's wife
** Moon Zappa (born 1967), Frank's daughter
* Claudio Zappa (born 1997), Italian professional football defender
* Francesco Zappa (1717–1803), Italian composer and cellist of the 18th century
* Gino Zappa (1879–1960), Italian economist
* Gō Zappa (雑破 業, Zappa Gō, born 1970), Japanese author and anime screenwriter
* Guido Zappa (1915–2015), Italian mathematician
* Lenny Zappa (born 1987), Australian professional boxer of Italian descent.
# List of cities and towns in Suriname

This is a list of cities and towns in Suriname:
* Abenaston
* Albina
* Alfonsdorp
* Alliance
* Anapaike
* Apetina
* Apoera
* Aurora
* Batavia
* Benzdorp
* Berlijn
* Bitagron
* Boskamp
* Boslanti
* Botopasi
* Brokopondo
* Brownsweg
* Cabendadorp
* Cassipora
* Corneliskondre
* Cottica
* Djumu
* Donderskamp
* Friendship
* Goddo
* Groningen
* Hollandse Kamp
* Jenny
* Kalebaskreek
* Kasuela (disputed)
* Kajana
* Koewarasan
* Kwakoegron
* Kwamalasamutu
* Lelydorp
* Lebidoti
* Manlobi
* Mary's Hope
* Matta
* Moengo
* Mora kondre
* Nason
* Nieuw Amsterdam
* Nieuw Jacobkondre
* Nieuw Nickerie
* Onverdacht
* Onverwacht
* Paramaribo (Capital and largest city)
* Paranam
* Pelelu Tepu
* Pikin Saron
* Pokigron
* Pontoetoe
* Powakka
* Redi Doti
* Ricanau Mofo
* Snesiekondre
* Totness
* Uitkijk
* Villa Brazil
* Wageningen
* Wanhatti
* Washabo
* Witsanti
* Zanderij

## Largest cities and towns

Largest cities or towns in Suriname :
| | Rank | Name | District | Pop. | |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 1 | Paramaribo | Paramaribo | 223 757 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 2 | Lelydorp | Wanica | 18 223 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 3 | Nieuw Nickerie | Nickerie | 13 143 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 4 | Moengo | Marowijne | 7 074 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 5 | Nieuw Amsterdam | Commewijne | 4 935 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 6 | Mariënburg | Commewijne | 4 427 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 7 | Wageningen | Nickerie | 4 145 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 8 | Albina | Marowijne | 3 985 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 9 | Groningen | Saramacca | 3 216 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
| Paramaribo Lelydorp | 10 | Brownsweg | Brokopondo | 2 696 | Nieuw Nickerie Moengo |
# Završje (Goražde)

Završje is a village in the municipality of Goražde, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 3, all Serbs.
# List of chairmen of the Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic

The chairman of the Parliament of Kabardino-Balkaria is the presiding officer of that legislature.

## Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet

| Name | Period |
| Valery Kokin | March 30, 1990–September 17, 1991 |
| Khachim Karmokhov | September 17, 1991–1993 |

## Chairman of the Council of the Republic

| Name | Period |
| Zaurbi Nakhushev | December 1993 – 2003 ? |

## Chairmen of the Council of Representatives

| Name | Period |
| Makhmud Zhaboyev | December 1993–1997 |
| Ilyas Bechelov | December 14, 1997–2001 ? |
| Mukadin Tumenov | 2001 ?–2003 ? |

## Chairmen of the Parliament of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic

| Name | Period |
| Ilyas Becheleov | December 2003–2009 |
| Anuar Chechenov | 2009–Incumbent |
# List of ecoregions in Slovenia

The following is a list of ecoregions in Slovenia as identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).

## Terrestrial

Slovenia is in the Palearctic realm. Ecoregions are listed by biome.

### Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub

* Illyrian deciduous forests

### Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

* Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
* Pannonian mixed forests

### Temperate coniferous forests

* Alps conifer and mixed forests

## Freshwater

* Dalmatia
* Dniester - Lower Danube
* Gulf of Venice drainages
* Upper Danube

## Marine

Slovenia's coastline is in the Temperate Northern Atlantic marine realm, and the Mediterranean Sea marine province.
* Adriatic Sea
# Zandona

Zandona is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Flavio Zandoná (born 1967), Argentine footballer
* Gabrio Zandonà (born 1977), Italian sailor
# Zandobbio

Zandobbio (Bergamasque: Zandòbe) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,412 and an area of 6.5 square kilometres (2.5 sq mi).
Zandobbio borders the following municipalities: Credaro, Entratico, Foresto Sparso, Trescore Balneario, Villongo.
# List of flag bearers for Australasia at the Olympics

This is a list of flag bearers who have represented Australasia at the Olympics.
Flag bearers carry the national flag of their country at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.
| # | Event year | Season | Flag bearer | Sport |
| 1 | 1908 | Summer | Henry Murray | Athletics |
| 2 | 1912 | Summer | Malcolm Champion | Swimming |
# List of churches in Cambridgeshire

Lists of churches in Cambridgeshire may be found in the six lists for each of the ceremonial county's constituent districts. A summary of statistics is given below.
| District | Cambridge | South Cambs | Huntingdonshire | East Cambs | Fenland | Peterborough | Total |
| | List | List | List | List | List | List | |
| Total churches | 97 | 147 | 131 | 71 | 52 | 84 | 582 |
| Population (2016 est.) | 131,800 | 156,500 | 175,700 | 87,800 | 100,200 | 197,100 | 849,100 |
| Inhabitants per church | 1,359 | 1,065 | 1,341 | 1,237 | 1,927 | 2,346 | 1,459 |
| By denomination* ||||||||
| Church of England | 46$^1$ | 102 | 84 | 40 | 23 | 3 | 334 |
| Methodist | 4 | 9 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 7 | 54 |
| Baptist Union | 6 | 17 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 45 |
| United Reformed | 3 | 13 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 29 |
| Roman Catholic | 6 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 26 |
| FIEC | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | | 1 | 12 |
| Others | 30 | 9 | 18 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 103 |
*numbers may not add to total due to some churches counting towards more than one denomination
$^1$includes twenty college chapels
# List of honorary fellows of St Hilda's College, Oxford

This is a list of current and past Honorary Fellows of St Hilda's College, Oxford.
* Mildred Archer
* Mary Bennett
* Marilyn Butler
* Elizabeth Butler-Sloss, Baroness Butler-Sloss
* Fiona Caldicott
* Lorna Casselton
* Catherine Cookson
* Jacqueline du Pré
* Lucy Faithfull, Baroness Faithfull
* Janet Gaymer
* Susan Greenfield
* P. D. James
* Gwyneth Jones
* Elizabeth Topham Kennan
* Hermione Lee
* Nicola LeFanu
* Mary Lefkowitz
* Toni Morrison
* Gillian Shephard
* Rosalyn Tureck
# Zed Factor Fellowship

The Zed Factor Fellowship is a non-profit program in the United States that provides paid internships and executive mentorship to underrepresented undergraduate and graduate students seeking careers in aerospace. The fellowship was founded in 2020 and is closely modeled on programs such as the Brooke Owens Fellowship.

## History

The Zed Factor Fellowship Program was founded in 2020 by Tanya Harrison, planetary scientist at NASA JPL and Planet Labs, Carie Lemack, CEO of DreamUp, and Karina Perez, Director for Unmanned and Emerging Aviation Technologies at the Aerospace Industries Association. The fellowship program was awarded "Most Intriguing Newcomer" to the commercial spaceflight industry by Forbes in 2020.
The program provides students paid summer internships at space companies including Relativity Space, Planet Labs, and The Planetary Society, zero-g flight opportunities, and mentorship from aerospace leaders including CEOs, directors, and test pilots. Fellows are invited to the annual Future Space Leaders summit in Washington D.C. to network and meet industry officials. Fellows also engage in a community service project of their design with support from the program.
As of 2023, the fellowship program is partnered with the Brooke Owens Fellowship and the Future Space Leaders Foundation.

## Alumni

As of 2023, the Zed Factor Fellowship has 60 alumni across three cohorts associated with more than 40 different national universities.
In 2023, nearly 250 students from 115 universities around the United States applied. Approximately 20 are selected annually.
# Zeven (Samtgemeinde)

Zeven is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the town Zeven.
The Samtgemeinde Zeven consists of the following municipalities:
* Elsdorf
* Gyhum
* Heeslingen
* Zeven
* This Rotenburg district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
53°18′00″N 9°16′59″E﻿ / ﻿53.300°N 9.283°E﻿ / 53.300; 9.283