OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# RSE Kriens

RSE Kriens was a Swiss-developed surface-to-air missile. It never entered service. It was named Kriens after Kriens, a village located in the canton of Lucerne.

## Design and development

From 1959 to 1966, Contraves, along with many other Swiss companies, developed the Kriens, while drawing on the experience of the guided missile system RSC / D, RSD 58. The missile project was funded by both private Swiss companies, as well as the federal government, and was developed up to production-ready stage. The first flight was on 23 March 1964.
The missile's modular system used advanced technology for the ground equipment and the missiles, and the whole system could be interconnected to a multi-part cluster, which included several radars and missile launchers. However, after introduction of the British Bristol Bloodhound as the BL-64 the project was cancelled by the EMD, and the missile was never mass-produced, neither for Switzerland nor for another nation. For export, the system was given the name 'Micon'.
A launcher with two missiles is held at the Flieger-Flab-Museum.
The fire unit consisted of a measuring radar, 1-3 radio collars, 4 launchers, command car, trolley and several units (generators). The trolley, command car, tracking device and aggregates were individually housed on single-axle trailers, the measuring radar and missile launchers on each two-axle trailers.
* Rowing span: 1.5 m
* Thrust / burning time: t = 6.5 for 9 seconds then 1.8 t for 16 seconds
* Burnout velocity: 900 m / s
* Generator on-board supply of hydraulic and electronic: 20 kW
Contraves built the research rocket Zenit-C using their experience and expertise from designing the Kriens.
# Rackl

Rackl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Markus Rackl (born 1969), German tennis player
* Michael Rackl (1883–1948), German Roman Catholic bishop
# RB Annis School of Engineering

The R.B. Annis School of Engineering, established in 2017 as a result of a $5 million gift from the R.B. Annis Educational Foundation, is an engineering school within the University of Indianapolis. The school offers BS degrees in more than a half-dozen disciplines, including computer engineering, electrical engineering, software engineering, mechanical engineering, industrial and systems engineering, computer science, and general engineering. The school currently only offers BS degrees, and so is not included in many college/school rankings, such as U.S. News & World Report, whose list of the best engineering schools only includes programs granting doctoral degrees. As of 2021, the school claims a 98% rate of students either finding jobs or being accepted to graduate school within 6 months of graduation.

## Departments

The R.B. Annis School of Engineering is not organized into different departments, choosing instead to have an interdisciplinary focus in its curriculum.

## DesignSpine

Relatively few elective courses are offered at the R.B. Annis School of Engineering. This is the result of a curriculum that relies heavily on interdisciplinary teams of students solving problems given to them by clients. The purpose of this is to better prepare students for real industry work in engineering where teams of engineers from different fields and backgrounds are common. Industry clients are assigned to the student teams by the engineering school. The engineering school has termed this curriculum structure DesignSpine.

## History

After its founding in 2017, the school was housed in Martin Hall on the University of Indianapolis campus, but quickly outgrew this space. In March 2021, renovations were finished on a new engineering building called R.B. Annis Hall. This new building added 65,000 sq. ft. of space to the University and is the result of a $25 million investment from UIndy.

## Rankings

The school currently only offers BS degrees, and so is not included in many college/school rankings, such as U.S. News & World Report, whose list of the best engineering schools only includes programs granting doctoral degrees.
# Racing Luck (1941 film)

Racing Luck is a 1941 Australian comedy film directed by Rupert Kathner and starring Joe Valli, George Lloyd and Marshall Crosby. The jockey Darby Munro, who had a cameo as himself, described it as the best Australian film he had ever seen.

## Plot

Two World War I veterans, Blue and Darkie, save an old race horse from being put down. Bluey restores it to healthy using potions used on camels during the war. The horse starts to win races but Darkie gets too excited, suffers a stroke and dies.

## Cast

* Joe Valli – Darkie
* George Lloyd as Bluey
* Marshall Crosby – Sir Reginald Franklin
* Olga Moore – Sylvia Perry
* Keith Wood – Robert Franklin
* Connie Martyn – Mrs Perry
* Darby Munro – Himself
* Raymond Longford

## Production

Rupert Kathner and his partner Alma Brooks set up a new company to make the movie, Fanfare Films. The film was shot in mid-1941 at a small studio in North Sydney. There were only a few location scenes, such as the flashback to a battle.
It was known during filming as For Services Rendered.
Music was compiled from popular classics.

## Release

The film had a minor release. The critic from The Australian Women's Weekly called it "one of the more amateurish local efforts" with "little entertainment value. Plot is trivial and jerkily developed, while the acting is at times painfully lame." The Sydney Morning Herald said that the film:
   Shows that decent support pictures could be produced here for very little money, compared with previous more expensive ones. They must, however, have better production and direction and a better story than Racing Luck.
Kathner and his partner Alma Brooks were later charged with conspiracy to defraud by investors in Fanfare Films, but were acquitted. They had earlier been accused taking money from someone who was not mentally competent.
# REV3L

Protein reversionless 3-like (REV3L) also known as DNA polymerase zeta catalytic subunit (POLZ) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the REV3L gene.
The Rev3 subunit interacts with Rev7 to form Pol ζ, a B family polymerase. Pol ζ lacks 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and is a moderate fidelity polymerase. It cannot add nucleotides across from DNA lesions, yet it can extend from primers with terminal mismatches. This makes Pol ζ very important in translesion synthesis (TLS), because it can act in concert with other TLS polymerases that can add across the lesion to complete the bypass of the lesion. Most polymerases have difficulty extending mismatches because they cannot bind properly to the mismatched DNA. So rather than the cell dying, it can survive albeit with a mutation that may or may not be deleterious, so it is believed that Pol ζ is a driving force of evolution.

## Interactions

REV3L has been shown to interact with MAD2L2.
# Raddon Top

50°48′32″N 3°32′56″W﻿ / ﻿50.809°N 3.549°W﻿ / 50.809; -3.549
Raddon Top is the highest point of the Raddon Hills, a small ridge of hills in the Shobrooke area of Mid Devon. The summit is at some 235 metres above sea level, making it a significant feature in the surrounding countryside.
There is an unclassified road that traverses the hill which is the main route from the village of Cheriton Fitzpaine to Exeter.
There were earthworks on the summit, but by the 16th century these had almost been ploughed away. Archaeological excavations in 1994 revealed remains of an Early Iron Age palisaded enclosure and an Iron Age hillfort with timber ramparts. The same excavations also uncovered a much earlier Neolithic causewayed enclosure.
# Radar ornithology

Radar ornithology is the use of radar technology in studies of bird migration and in approaches to prevent bird strikes particularly to aircraft. The technique was developed from the observations of pale wisps seen moving on radar during the Second World War. These were termed as "angels", "ghosts", or "phantoms" in Britain and were later identified as being caused by migrating birds. Over time, the technology has been vastly improved with Doppler weather radars that allow the detection of birds, bats, as well as insects with resolution and sensitivity that is sufficient to quantify the speed of flaps that can sometimes aid in the identification of species.

## History

According to David Lack, the earliest recorded use of radar in detecting birds came in 1940. The movements of gulls, herons and lapwings that caused some of the detentions was visually confirmed. It was however only in the 1950s through the work of Ernst Sutter at Zurich airport that more elusive "angels" were confirmed to be caused by small passerines. David Lack was one of the pioneers of radar ornithology in England.

## Applications

Early radar ornithology mainly focused, due to limitations of the equipment, on the seasonality, timing, intensity, and direction of flocks of birds in migration. Modern weather radars can detect the wing area of the flying, the speed of flight, the frequency of wing beat, the direction, distance and altitude. The sensitivity and modern analytical techniques now allows detection of flying insects as well.
Radar has been used to study seasonal variations in starling roosting behaviour. It has also been used to identify risks to aircraft operations at airports. The technique has been in conservation applications such as being used to assess the risk to birds by proposed wind energy installations, to quantify the number of birds at roost or nesting sites.
# Rademan

Rademan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Lefébre Rademan (born 1996), South African netball player
* Simon Rademan (born 1964), South African fashion designer and stylist
# Raheel Khursheed

Raheel Khursheed (born 26 July 1983) is an Indian journalist and business executive. He has worked for CNN-IBN, Times Now, and Radio Kashmir, but is most noted for being the Head of News, Politics and Government for Twitter India from 2014 to 2018. He also did a brief stint as a Country Expert for Snap Inc.'s business in India.

## Early life and education

Khursheed was born in Anantnag, in a remote part of Kashmir, described as a place where a national daily would reach two days past its publication date. He did his BSc from local government degree college, and further did his master's degree in communication and journalism from Symbiosis Institute of Media and Communication.

## Career

Khursheed's first job out of university was with CNN-IBN at their Noida office in 2006, where he wrote bylines, mostly on Indian politics and society. In 2009, he returned to Kashmir and joined Times Now's Srinagar Bureau as an editor. He hosted a western music programme for four years on Radio Kashmir. Khursheed joined Mercy Corps to help train young journalists, and Amnesty International where he learned how to do a digital campaign and used Twitter for the first time. He coordinated a petition on Change.org against the 2012 Delhi gang rape, and served as director of communications for India for the organization.
In January 2014, it was announced that Khursheed would take over as Head of News, Politics and Government for Twitter India, where he was responsible for providing technical support to news, government, and political users of Twitter, solving their problems, by escalating issues to internal support and policy teams. He was the brainchild behind creation of several technologically related products including Twitter Seva (addressing redressal of grievances), Twitter Samvad (initiative to bring digital government into masses) and SmartFeed (disaster response system).
In July 2018, Khursheed resigned from Twitter India. He then joined Snap, Inc. where he was given the title of Country Expert in India.

## Recognition

Khursheed's work has received recognition by several institutions around the world. In 2017, he was awarded the Knight Visiting Nieman Fellowship by Harvard University, the Yale World Fellows at Yale University. He was listed among Asia Society's 2017 class of Asia 21, a network of young leaders. In 2018, he was a Draper Hills Summer Fellow at Stanford University.

## Controversy

Khursheed's appointment to Twitter drew some backlash from several right wing groups for his criticism of Narendra Modi's handling of the Gujarat riots. The Hindu right wing media also accused Khursheed of political bias in verifying Twitter accounts.
# Raeco, Washington

Raeco is an unincorporated community in King County, in the U.S. state of Washington.

## History

A post office called Raeco was established in 1907, and remained in operation until 1911. The community's name is an acronym of the surnames Rhodes, Appel, and Earnest.
# Raj Karan Singh

Raj Karan Singh (1 April 1936 – 25 June 2023) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from the Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh as a member of the Indian National Congress.
Singh died in Nevada, Amethi District on 25 June 2023, at the age of 87.
# Railyard GAA

Railyard Gaelic Football Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Moneenroe, County Kilkenny, Ireland. The club is solely concerned with the game of Gaelic football.

## History

Located in the village of Moneenroe, on the Laois-Kilkenny border, Railyard Gaelic Football Club was founded by local FCA members at the height of the Emergency in April 1943. The club was just six years old when it achieved senior status by winning the Kilkenny JFC title. After that initial victory, Railyard went on to dominate the next three decades by winning 17 Kilkenny SFC titles between 1951 and 1978, including a record-setting five titles in-a-row on two occasions.
That 17th title put them equal with Glenmore at the top of the all-time roll of honour, however, the club went through a downturn that saw them lose seven finals before claiming their next title victory in 1992. Railyard entered its third century by claiming another title in 1999. Three successive final victories between 2014 and 2016 gave Railyard a record-setting 22 titles.

## Honours

* Kilkenny Senior Football Championship (22): 1951, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1978, 1992, 1999, 2014, 2015, 2016
* Moremiles Cup (2): 1985, 1986
* Kilkenny Junior Football Championship (1): 1949
* North Kilkenny Junior Football Championship (1): 1988, 1992, 1993
* Kilkenny Special Junior Football Championship (1): 1993
* Kilkenny Under-21 A Football Championship (1): 2005
* Kilkenny Under-21 B Football Championship (2): 1987, 1999
* Kilkenny Minor A Football Championship (10): 1950, 1954, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1966, 1967, 2000, 2001
* Kilkenny Minor B Football Championship (2): 1988, 2005
* Kilkenny Minor C Football Championship (1): 2011
# Rana Ahmad (disambiguation)

Rana Ahmad may refer to:
* Rana Ahmad alias Rana Ahmad Hamd (born 1985), female Saudi Arabian-born German author, atheist and women's rights activist
* Rana Maqbool Ahmad (1948–2023), male Pakistani politician
* Rana Riaz Ahmad, male Pakistani politician
* Rana Shahbaz Ahmad, male Pakistani politician
* Rana Iqbal Ahmad Khan (born before 1947), male Pakistani lawyer and former politician
* Rana Mashhood Ahmad Khan (born 1966), male Pakistani politician
* Rana Ijaz Ahmad Noon (born 1968), male Pakistani politician
# Ramin (disambiguation)

Ramin (transliterated from Rāmin) is a given name and surname. Ramin may also refer to:

## Places

* Ramin, Germany, a municipality in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
* Ramin, Khuzestan, a city in Khuzestan Province, Iran
* Ramin, Sistan and Baluchestan, a village in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran
* Ramin, Tehran, a village in Tehran Province, Iran
* Ramin, Zanjan, a village in Zanjan Province, Iran
* Ramin, Punjab, a town and Union Council of Dera Ghazi Khan District in the Punjab province of Pakistan
* Ramin, Tulkarm, a Palestinian village in the northeastern West Bank

## In fiction

* Ramin, a character in Shahnameh, the famous poetic epic by Iranian national poet Ferdowsi. He hides during the battle between Rostam and Sohrab, a metaphor for the weakness inside the human heart
* Ramin, a character in the poem Vis u Ramin, an ancient love story in Persian literature composed in poetry by the Persian poet Asad Gorgani (فخرالدين اسعد گرگاني) in the 11th century

## Other uses

* Ramin, a common name of Gonystylus, a genus of trees in southeast Asia in the family Thymelaeaceae
* Ramin, a 2012 album by Ramin Karimloo
* Ramin (film), a 2011 Lithuanian documentary
# Ramulus trilineatus

Ramulus trilineatus is a species of phasmid or stick insect. It is found in Sri Lanka.
# Randolph Spencer Churchill

Randolph Spencer Churchill may refer to:
* Lord Randolph Churchill (1849–1895), British statesman and father of Winston Churchill
* Lady Randolph Churchill (1854–1921), American-born British socialite and wife of the above
* Randolph Churchill (1911–1968), British Army officer and son of Winston Churchill
# Randeng

Randeng may refer to:
* Randeng Daoren, Chinese Taoist deity
* Dipankara, Buddha, origin of Randeng Daoren
# Ralfs Sirmacis

Ralfs Sirmacis is a rally driver from Latvia, and is the winner of multiple European Rally Championship events.

## ERC results

| Year | Entrant | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Pos. | Points |
| 2013 | O Kartes Autosporta Akadēmija | Ford Fiesta R2 | JÄN 19 | LIE | CAN | AZO | COR | YPR | ROM | CZE | POL | CRO | SAN | VAL | - | - |
| 2014 | Ralfs Sirmacis | Ford Fiesta R2 | JÄN | LIE 14 | GRE | IRE | AZO | YPR | EST | CZE | CYP | VAL | COR | | - | - |
| 2015 | Sports Racing Technologies | Peugeot 208 R2 | JÄN | LIE 9 | IRE 22 | AZO Ret | YPR 26 | EST 10 | CZE 21 | CYP | GRE | VAL | | | 51st | 3 |
| 2016 | Sports Racing Technologies | Škoda Fabia R5 | CAN | IRE | GRE 1 | AZO Ret | YPR | EST 1 | POL | ZLI Ret | LIE 1 | CYP 3 | | | 3rd | 134 |

### ERC Junior results

| Year | Entrant | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Pos. | Points |
| 2015 | Sports Racing Technologies | Peugeot 208 R2 | LIE 3 | IRE 6 | AZO Ret | YPR 5 | EST 1 | CZE 2 | 2nd | 104 |
# Ranunculus propinquus

Ranunculus propinquus is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Ranunculaceae.
Its native range is eastern European Russia to Russian Far East and China.
# Ramey

Ramey may refer to:
* Ramey Air Force Base, a former base in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico
* Ramey, Pennsylvania
* Ramey, Puerto Rico, a US sub-orbital launch site
* Ramey House, an historic mansion in Tyler, Texas, USA

## People

* Ramey Dawoud, Sudanese American Rapper, actor

### Surname

* Claude Ramey (1754–1838), French sculptor, father of Etienne-Jules Ramey
* Estelle Ramey (1917–2006) American scientist
* Étienne-Jules Ramey (1796–1852), French sculptor
* Harry R. Ramey, Jr., US politician
* Horace Ramey (1885–1974), American athlete
* Howard Knox Ramey (1896–1943), American general
* James Ramey (1944–1970): see Baby Huey (singer)
* James Ramey (1917-2015), American politician
* James T. Ramey (1914–2010), American lawyer
* Jim Ramey (born 1957), American football player
* Phillip Ramey (born 1939), American composer
* Samuel Ramey (born 1942), American singer
* Valerie Ramey, American economist
* Venus Ramey (1924–2017), Miss America, 1944
* Roger M. Ramey, American general of the Eighth Air Force who was involved with the Roswell UFO incident
# Ranjit Atapattu

Ranjith Kanishka Parakrama Atapattu (29 April 1933 – 8 January 2018) was a Sri Lankan physician and politician.

## Biography

Ranjith Kanishka Parakrama Atapattu was born 29 April 1933 in Tangalle, the son of Don Peter (Member of Parliament for Beliatta and Parliamentary Secretary to the Cabinet Minister of State). He was educated at Royal College Colombo and the University of Ceylon, between 1954 and 1960, where he obtained a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. Atapattu was employed as Medical Officer between 1960 and 1966, before establishing his own general medical practice.
Atapattu was first elected to parliament at the 8th parliamentary elections in July 1977, representing the United National Party in the Beliatta electorate, where he defeated the sitting member, Mahinda Rajapaksa, by over 6,000 votes. President J. R. Jayewardene, reluctant to give up the massive majority his party secured in 1977, held a referendum to cancel the 1983 parliamentary elections, and extend the life of the 1977 parliament until 1989. Jayewardene also decreed that all United National Party parliamentarians, whose electoral districts had not supported the referendum, would have to run in a by-election. Atapattu resigned from his seat 10 February 1983 but was subsequently successful in the May 1983 by-elections, defeating Rajapaska by nearly 3,000 votes.
Atapattu was appointed the Minister for Colombo Group of Hospitals (a project Ministry under the Ministry of Health) in August 1978. He was then appointed the Minister of Health in the Jayewardene cabinet in 1982 and held the position until 1989. At the 1989 parliamentary elections he ran as the United National Party candidate in the Hambantota electorate and was duly elected with 10,381 preference votes (18.35%), behind Rajapkasa's 13,073 preference votes (23.11%). In 18 February 1989 Atapattu was appointed Minister of Labour and Social Welfare as part of the Premadasa cabinet and held the position until 5 January 1990.
# Ranjina

The House of Ranjina, known as Ragnina in Italian, was a noble family in the Republic of Ragusa.

## History

The family traced its origins from Taranto, Italy.

## Members

* Nićifor Ranjina (fl. 1319), built the Minčeta Tower in 1319, originally as a strong four-sided fort.
* Nikša Ranjina (1494–1582), writer most famous as the compiler of Ranjina's Miscellany
* Dinko Ranjina (1536–1607), poet
# Ranjan Prasad Yadav

Ranjan Prasad Yadav was a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India. Yadav represented the Pataliputra constituency of Bihar and is a member of the Janata Dal (United) political party.

## Education and background

Educated at Science College in Patna University, Yadav has accomplished Doctorate after completing MSc in geology. He then worked as a Professor before joining politics.

## Positions held

| # | From | To | Position | Party |
| 1. | 1990 | 1996 | MP (1st term) in Rajya Sabha from Bihar | |
| 2. | 1996 | 2002 | MP (2nd term) in Rajya Sabha from Bihar | |
| 3. | 2009 | 2014 | MP (1st term) in 15th Lok Sabha from Pataliputra | JD(U) |
# Range Farm Fields

Range Farm Fields (grid reference SO850130) is a 12.8-hectare (32-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire, near to Gloucester City, notified in 1996.

## Location

The site lies in the Cotswold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and is in the Cotswold Hills Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA). The geology is from the Jurassic time period which means it includes Lias Clay, silt, limestone and old landslip. The fields face north-west and are on a slope. There are four separate pastures with hedgerows. There is a relatively small area of bracken and woodland and it includes flushes and scrub areas.

## Habitat and flora

The site is a large flower-rich unimproved grassland area. Use and management has reduced the amount of this type of habitat nationally. The site is exceptional because of its size and the variations in the neutral grassland (acid to calcareous). Three grassland types are thus present – acidic, neutral and calcareous.
The unimproved grassland includes crested dog's-tail and common knapweed. There is heath-grass, meadow vetchling, lady's bedstraw. A large number of Cotswold sites was surveyed and Range Farm Fields was found to be the most diverse and to contain the three grassland types.
Herbs include oxeye daisy, devil's-bit scabious, yellow rattle and dyer's greenweed. One particular field has a large amount of great burnet. The latter is more common in flood meadows. Corky-fruited water-dropwort is also recorded.
Springs present encourage the species which flourish in such areas and these include sharp-flowered rush, marsh marigold, ragged robin, common spotted orchid and bird's-foot trefoil.
The site has significant wildlife value because of its many features such as mixed hedgerows, scrub and woodland as well as the grassland. Hedgerows are mainly hawthorn, bramble and field rose. The woodland is mainly ash and oak with a hazel understorey.