OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lake Naivasha Country Club

The Lake Naivasha Country Club is located on the opposite shore of Lake Naivasha from the town of Naivasha, Kenya.
Built using old colonial architecture and opened in 1937, Lake Naivasha Country Club provides accommodation in rooms and cottages across 12 ha (30 acres) of green lawns shaded by mature acacias and fever trees. The public rooms also display the British colonial style. The residents' lounge has a massive fireplace and large bay windows. The bar adjoins a billiards room, for playing billiards and snooker in the British tradition.
Views across Lake Naivasha are dominated by the shadow of Mount Longonot, 2,777 m (9,111 ft) high, a dormant volcano which, in 1983, was declared a Kenyan national park (52 km$^2$). Mount Longonot also can be seen from the eastern escarpment on the scenic highway to the region.

## History

The Lake Naivasha Country Club opened in 1937 as an intermediate staging post for Imperial Airways' flying boat (seaplane) service travelling from Durban to London. Previously known as the "Lake Hotel" in the 1930s,
there were papyrus-thatched chalets.
The area was popular with members of the Happy Valley set during the years between the World Wars. Also on the shores of Lake Naivasha is the Djinn Palace, which gained notoriety in the Happy Valley days.
In 2008 the hotel was transferred from Block Hotels Group to Kenya Hotels Ltd who also run the Lake Baringo Club.

## Activities

There is fishing for black bass and tilapia, and a boat trip during the day provides a close view of Naivasha's wide variety of birdlife and its hippo colonies.
Crescent Island, 15 minutes away by boat, is a private game sanctuary, with zebra, wildebeest, gazelle, vervet monkeys, hares, genet cats, waterbuck and giraffe. Crescent Island is one of the few places in Africa where people can wander on foot among herds of antelope since there are no predators on the island. LNCC will arrange boat trips for a reasonable charge.
Naivasha is also a site for birdwatching, with over 300 species of birds on display: three bird walks a day have been offered along the grounds of the country club, including early morning bird walks which are particularly good for rare sightings of birds. They have a bird-sighting book available publicly to record birds one sees.
# Westlake High School

Westlake High School may refer to:
* Westlake High School (California), Westlake Village, California
* Westlake High School (Georgia), Atlanta, Georgia
* Westlake High School (Louisiana), Westlake, Louisiana
* Westlake High School (Maryland), Waldorf, Maryland
* Westlake High School (New York), Thornwood, New York
* Westlake High School (Ohio), Westlake, Ohio
* Westlake High School (Texas), near West Lake Hills, Texas
* Westlake High School (Utah), Saratoga Springs, Utah
* Harvard-Westlake School, Los Angeles, California
# Peter Buchanan (Royal Navy officer)

Vice Admiral Sir Peter William Buchanan KBE FNI MRIN (14 May 1925 – 23 November 2011) was a Royal Indian Navy and Royal Navy officer who became Naval Secretary.

## Early life

Born on the Isle of Wight, he was the second son of Lieutenant Colonel Francis Henry Theodore Buchanan and Gwendolen May Isobel (née Hunt). He was educated at Malvern College.
His brother Leading Aircraftman James Gilliam Buchanan, Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, died aged 19 on active service in Arizona, United States in 1943.

## Naval career

Buchanan joined the Royal Indian Navy in 1943. During the Second World War he served as a midshipman on HMS Anson and HMS King George V. On the latter ship he fought the Japanese in the Pacific and was in the region when the atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
In 1948 Buchanan transferred to the Royal Navy. From 1956 to 1958 he was on the staff of the Britannia Royal Naval College. He served on HMS Birmingham from 1958 to 1960. As Fleet Operations Officer in the Far East from 1963 to 1964 he was Mentioned in Despatches.
From 1965 to 1967 he served on HMS Victorious. Buchanan was given command of HMS Endurance in 1968. He proved that the route now known as the Buchanan Passage can be used to reach Marguerite Bay from the North.
He became Naval Assistant to the Second Sea Lord in 1970. In 1972 he took command of HMS Devonshire, before returning to the Ministry of Defence in 1974 and, having been promoted to rear admiral, becoming Naval Secretary in 1976. Following promotion to vice admiral, he was appointed Chief of Staff, Allied Naval Forces Southern Europe in 1979. He retired in 1982.

## Other

Buchanan was admitted as a Younger Brother of Trinity House in 1963. He was knighted in the Queen’s 1980 Birthday Honours, being awarded a KBE.
In 1996 he served as Master of the Guild of Freemen of the City of London. From 1997 to 2010 he was President of RNLI Selsey Lifeboat Station. A stained glass window commemorating his service was unveiled at the station on 4 October 2017 by his widow Lady (Audrey) Buchanan.
# Pračica

Pračica (Serbian Cyrillic: Прачица) is a village in the municipality of Pljevlja, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2003 census, the village had a population of 77 people.
According to the 2011 census, its population was 77.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Serbs | 52 | 67.5% |
| Montenegrins | 23 | 29.9% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 2.6% |
| Total | 77 | 100% |
# Prača (river)

The Prača (Serbian Cyrillic: Прача) is a left tributary of the Drina in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It source is in Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina at an altitude of 1540 m. After 55 km it flows into the Drina in Ustiprača. The Prača Canyon is declared a nature monument and a protected landscape, including caves of Mračna Pećina (also known as Banj or Banja Stijena) and Govještica (also known as Dugovještica) as Special geo-morphological reserves of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The Prača offers terrains for recreational fishing on salmonids and numerous other fish species, but is primarily an important spawning ground for huchen and nase, both of which enter the river from the Drina.
# Pregnana Milanese

Pregnana Milanese is a town located in the Metropolitan City of Milan, Lombardy, northern Italy.
It is served by Pregnana Milanese railway station.
# Primitive neuroectodermal tumor

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a malignant (cancerous) neural crest tumor. It is a rare tumor, usually occurring in children and young adults under 25 years of age. The overall 5 year survival rate is about 53%.
It gets its name because the majority of the cells in the tumor are derived from neuroectoderm, but have not developed and differentiated in the way a normal neuron would, and so the cells appear "primitive". PNET belongs to the Ewing family of tumors.

## Genetics

Using gene transfer of SV40 large T-antigen in neuronal precursor cells of rats, a brain tumor model was established. The PNETs were histologically indistinguishable from the human counterparts and have been used to identify new genes involved in human brain tumor carcinogenesis. The model was used to confirm p53 as one of the genes involved in human medulloblastomas, but since only about 10% of the human tumors showed mutations in that gene, the model can be used to identify the other binding partners of SV40 Large T- antigen, other than p53.

## Diagnosis
### Classification

It is classified into two types, based on location in the body: peripheral PNET and CNS PNET.

#### Peripheral PNET

The peripheral PNET (pPNET) is now thought to be virtually identical to Ewing sarcoma:
"Current evidence indicates that both Ewing's sarcoma and PNET have a similar neural phenotype and, because they share an identical chromosome translocation, they should be viewed as the same tumor, differing only in their degree of neural differentiation. Tumors that demonstrate neural differentiation by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, or electron microscopy have been traditionally labeled PNETs, and those that are undifferentiated by these analyses have been diagnosed as Ewing's sarcoma."

#### PNET of the CNS

PNET of the CNS generally refer to supratentorial PNETs.
* In the past medulloblastomas were considered PNETs; however, they are genetically, transcriptionally and clinically distinct. As such, "infratentorial" PNETs are now referred to as medulloblastoma.
* Pineoblastomas are embryonal tumours originating in the pineal gland and are likely distinct from supratentorial PNETs.

## Treatment

The approach to management of a CNS PNET is first to obtain detailed imaging through MRI, as well as additional scans of the patient's body (X-ray, CT, PET, even bone marrow biopsies) to look for metastasis or other associated malignancies. The tumor will then need to be biopsied to confirm the diagnosis. After the diagnosis of a CNS PNET is confirmed, management includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation (to reduce tumor size burden), complete surgical resection with confirmed negative margins, and/or additional adjuvant post-surgical chemotherapy. CNS PNET is aggressive and must be managed as so. Palliative care services should also become involved in the patient's care team when the diagnosis is made.
# Pretty Ladies (female figurines)

Pretty Ladies is the name archaeologists gave to pre-Columbian female figurines in Mexico, from the Chupícuaro, Michoacan, and Tlatilco cultures at the beginning of the 20th century.

## Archaeological research and context

The figurines were found in archaeological research at the beginning of the 1930s by Mexican and American archaeologists. It is in fact the discovery of the figurines that led to the discovery of whole sites, like the Tlatlico one.
There are many interpretations of what were the function of the figures. In some configurations, they were buried with dead bodies to ensure the resurrection of the corpses. They also represented fertility, not necessarily human fertility but also earth fertility.

## Descriptions

These figurines were described in different ways, highlighting different aspects:
* "females with large heads, small waists, and prominent hips".
* "naked female with short arms, extended stomach and a fancy coiffure or headdress"

## Naming problematics

These figures are also called by archaeologists "naked feminine figures", "nude girls", "topless girls and women" or even "Venus of (Tlatlico, for instance)", which at least one scholar claimed is problematic because in doing so, they projected ideals on the culture these figures were part of, influenced by European representations of beauty.
Also, the naming of clay figures was done in a different way for female and male representations. The equivalent male figures were never called "pretty lords" or "nude men", even when they were as naked as the female figures, but rather "man", "male figure", "chief", etc.
# Proaigialosaurus

Proaigialosaurus is an extinct genus of semi-aquatic diapsid reptile. The genus was erected by Kuhn (1958), based upon skull fragments, which have since been lost.
Generally considered the oldest specimen of the lizard family Aigialosauridae, others have considered it to be a pleurosaurid, a marine sphenodontian (the order to which the extant Tuatara belongs).
Proaigialosaurus was discovered in the Solnhofen limestone formation of Bavaria, Germany. It was small (less than a metre long).
# Prison Service F.C.

Prison Service Football Club, also known as Prisons F.C., is a football club based in Arouca, Trinidad and Tobago. Its players include both prison officers and civilians. As of 2023, the club competes in the TT Premier Football League (TTPFL).
In 2020, Prisons F.C. were awarded the League Trophy in the T&T Super League.
# Priory Park, Dudley

Priory Park is a public park located in Dudley, West Midlands, England, just north of the town centre. It is in the historic grounds of Dudley Priory.

## Description

The park covers an area of 7.7 hectares (19 acres). It has a wooded area, playing fields and a lily pond. It also has tennis and basketball courts, a bowling green, a cricket area a five-a-side football pitch and an orienteering course.
It is listed Grade II in English Heritage's Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest, and it is a Green Flag Award winner.

## History

The park is on the site of a Cluniac priory founded about 1180 by Gervase Paganell, baron and lord of Dudley Castle. In the late medieval period it was customary for the Barons Dudley to be buried here.
The priory and its estate were granted, after the Dissolution of the Monasteries, to Edward Sutton, 4th Baron Dudley in 1554. The site fell into decline and stone was taken for constructing local houses; manufacturing businesses occupied parts of the site.
John Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley, the later inheritor of the estate, built Priory Hall in 1825, on a site north-west of the remains of the priory. The ruins were cleared of industrial debris and made into a picturesque feature; a driveway to the hall was created through the ruins.

### Twentieth century and later

The hall and surrounding land remained the property of the Earls of Dudley until 1926, when it was acquired by Dudley Borough Council. Edward Prentice Mawson was commissioned to develop the site, creating a housing estate – Priory Estate – and a public park. The park, retaining the ornamental ground south of the hall, included walks, flower beds, sports pitches, shelters, lawns and hedges; it was opened in 1932..
A restoration project for the park, supported by the National Lottery Heritage Fund, was completed in 2017. Restoration work included extending and refurbishing the pavilion; installing new benches; restoring paths, shrub areas and the rose garden; creation of a 5-a-side pitch and restoration of the bowling green; and installing a statue of the Dudley-born tennis player Dorothy Round.
# Prorophora

Prorophora is a genus of snout moths described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1887.

## Species

* Subgenus Prorophora
** Prorophora albidogilvella Roesler, 1970
** Prorophora curvibasella Ragonot, 1887
** Prorophora dialeuca Hampson, 1912
** Prorophora grisealella Marion, 1957
** Prorophora kazachstaniella Asselbergs, 2004
** Prorophora sacculicornella Roesler, 1970
* Subgenus Reisserempista Roesler, 1970
** Prorophora binacantha Liu & Li, 2012
** Prorophora mongolica Roesler, 1970
* Subgenus Aproceratia Amsel, 1950
** Prorophora afghanella Roesler, 1973
** Prorophora albunculella (Staudinger, 1879)
** Prorophora eberti (Amsel, 1959)
** Prorophora halothamni Falkovitsh, 1999
** Prorophora senganella (Amsel, 1951)
# Prosdocimus de Beldemandis

Prosdocimus de Beldemandis (or Prosdocimo de' Beldomandi) (died 1428) was an Italian mathematician, music theorist, and physician.
He studied at the University of Padua and the University of Bologna. The earliest works by him date from the early 15th century (dated 1408–9 in the manuscript Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Ashburnham 206). He took the doctorate in arts at Padua on 15 May 1409, and received a physician's license on 15 April 1411. In 1412 he stayed in Montagnana, where he wrote a number of treatises. From c. 1420/22 to 1428, the year of his death, Prosdocimus taught a wide variety of subjects at Padua. His was interested in, among other things, arithmetic, music, astronomy, and astrology; this range of interests, however, was common for a Paduan doctor of his day. He wrote the last significant treatise on the art of musical notation as practiced by the Italians. He was held in high regard long after his death: some of the non-musical treatises were reprinted in the 16th century, and Luca Pacioli ranked him alongside Euclid and Boethius.
He was among the last music theorists to advocate for the Italian system of rhythmic notation (in the Tractatus pratice cantus mensurabilis ad modum Ytalicorum of 1412) and argued against Johannes Ciconia's division of the tone into twelve equal parts.

## Selected writings
### On Music

* Expositiones tractatus pratice cantus mensurabilis Johannis de Muris (c. 1404)
* Tractatus pratice cantus mensurabilis (1408)
* Brevis summula proportionum quantum ad musicam pertinet (1409)
* Contrapunctus (1412), edited by Jan Herlinger, 1984
* Tractatus pratice cantus mensurabilis ad modum Ytalicorum (1412)
* Tractatus plane musice (1412), edited by Jan Herlinger, 2008
* Parvus tractatulus de modo monacordum dividendi (1413), edited by Jan Herlinger
* Tractatus musice speculative (1425), edited by Jan Herlinger, 2008

### Other Treatises

* Algorismus de integris sive pratica arismetrice de integris (1410), reprinted Federicus Delphinus ed. (Venice, 1483 and 1540).
# Proctor's Theatre (Chelsea, Manhattan)

Proctor's Theatre, also known as Proctor's Twenty-Third Street Theatre, RKO Proctor's Twenty-Third Street Theatre and Keith & Proctor's Twenty-Third Street Theatre, was a theatre located in Chelsea, Manhattan at 141 West 23rd St. in-between Sixth Avenue and Seventh Avenue. It was built in 1889 by the theatrical impresario F. F. Proctor on the former site of Salmi Morse's Temple Theatre which was demolished in 1888. The theatre was designed by architect H. Edward Fickens and had a seating capacity of 1,717 people. The theater was used for both legitimate theatre and vaudeville entertainments before being purchased by RKO and becoming a movie theatre. A fire in 1937 forced the theatre to close permanently.
# Proctoporus xestus

Proctoporus xestus, or the river teiid, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The species is endemic to South America.

## Geographic range

P. xestus occurs from central Peru to Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz departments) and northern Argentina (Jujuy, and Salta provinces).

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of P. xestus are Yungas forest and wet montane grassland, at elevations of 1,000–3,600 m (3,300–11,800 ft) above sea level.

## Description

P. xestus may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 5.8 cm (2.3 in). The tail length is almost twice the SVL.

## Reproduction

P. xestus is oviparous.

## Taxonomy

P. xestus is the type species of the genus Opipeuter Uzzell, 1969, now synonymized with Proctoporus.
# Proto-Tethys Ocean

The Proto-Tethys or Theic Ocean was an ancient ocean that existed from the latest Ediacaran to the Carboniferous (550–330 Ma).

## History of concept

The name "Proto-Tethys" has been used inconsistently for several concepts for a supposed predecessor of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, a palaeocean that separated the margins of Gondwana, often referred to as peri-Gondwana, from various continents and Gondwana-derived continental fragments from Precambrian times and onwards. According to von Raumer & Stampfli 2008, after the Cadomian orogenic events 550 Ma, the Proto-Tethys Ocean formed the eastern part of an oceanic domain (of which the Iapetus and Tornquist oceans formed the western parts) which subducted under the northern margins of Gondwana. In this model the Proto-Tethys separated the North China and Baltica continents from Gondwana. In the Early Ordovician 500-480 Ma, the Proto-Tethys was subducted under Cadomia as a result of the Chamrousse back-arc basin. Torsvik & Cocks 2009 used the name 'Ran Ocean' for a similar concept, the Cambrian-Ordovician ocean that separated Baltica from Gondwana.
Other geologists dispute the existence of such an ocean.

## Palaeozoic evolution

The ocean formed when Pannotia disintegrated, Proto-Laurasia (Laurentia, Baltica, and Siberia) rifted away from a supercontinent that would become Gondwana. Proto-Tethys formed between these two supercontinents. The ocean was bordered by Panthalassic Ocean to the north, separating it from Panthalassa by island arcs and Kazakhstania. The Proto-Tethys expanded during the Cambrian. The ocean was at its widest during the Late Ordovician to Middle Silurian. The ocean was situated between the Siberia to the west, and Gondwana to the east. The ocean began to shrink during the Late Silurian, when North China, and South China moved away from Gondwana and headed north. In the late Devonian, the microcontinent of Kazakhstania collided with Siberia, shrinking the ocean even more. The ocean closed when the North China craton collided with Siberia-Kazakstania continent in the Carboniferous, while the Paleo-Tethys Ocean expanded.
# Protem, Missouri

Protem is an unincorporated community in southeastern Taney County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 125, and is approximately two miles north of the Missouri-Arkansas state line. Protem is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.
A post office called Protem has been in operation since 1875. The name comes from pro tem (Latin for "temporary"), because first settlers could not settle on a name and a temporary one (which became permanent) was needed.
# Progressive disease

Progressive disease or progressive illness is a disease or physical ailment whose course in most cases is the worsening, growth, or spread of the disease. This may happen until death, serious debility, or organ failure occurs. Some progressive diseases can be halted and reversed by treatment (surgical, dietary, or lifestyle interventions). Many can be slowed by medical therapy. Some cannot be altered by current treatments.
Though the time distinctions are imprecise, diseases can be rapidly progressive (typically days to weeks) or slowly progressive (months to years). The time course of a disease affects whether it is considered acute or chronic. By definition, virtually all slowly progressive diseases are also chronic diseases. Biologically, many of these are also referred to as degenerative diseases due to the cellular changes.
Not all chronic diseases are progressive: a chronic, non-progressive disease may be referred to as a static condition.
Progressive disease can also be a clinical endpoint i.e. an endpoint in a clinical trial. A progressive disease should not be confused with a terminal disease, the difference being that a terminal disease invariably leads to death.

## Examples

There are examples of slowly and rapidly progressive diseases affecting all organ systems and parts of the body. The following are some examples of rapidly and slowly progressive diseases affecting various organ systems:
* Brain: Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease progresses rapidly compared to Alzheimer's disease.
* Eyes: Cataracts can be static or slowly progressive. Macular degeneration is slowly progressive, while retinal detachment is rapidly progressive.
* Lungs: Emphysema due to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a slowly progressive pulmonary disease.
* Kidneys: Goodpasture's syndrome is a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, while diabetic glomerulosclerosis is slowly progressive.
* Pancreas: Type 1 diabetes mellitus involves rapidly progressive loss of insulin secretory capacity compared to type 2 diabetes mellitus, in which the loss of insulin secretion is slowly progressive over many years. MODY 2, due to GCK mutation, is a relatively static form of reduced insulin secretion.
* Joints: Both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are slowly progressive forms of arthritis.
* Nerves: Essential tremor is a slowly progressive neurological disorder which is usually genetically passed down.
* Cancer: the abnormal growth of body cells
# Pseudomonas tuticorinensis

Pseudomonas tuticorinensis is a Gram-negative, marine denitrifying bacterium. The type strain is ATCC 12230.
# Prugny

Prugny (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.