OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tobacco and other drugs

An association between tobacco and other drug use has been well established. The nature of this association remains unclear. The two main theories, which are not mutually exclusive, are the phenotypic causation (gateway) model and the correlated liabilities model. The causation model argues that smoking is a primary influence on future drug use, while the correlated liabilities model argues that smoking and other drug use are predicated on genetic or environmental factors.

## Causation model

A 1994 report from the Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, found a correlation between the use of cigarettes and alcohol and the subsequent use of cannabis. The report asserted a link between alcohol and cannabis use and the subsequent use of illicit drugs like cocaine. It found that when younger children used, the more often they use them, the more likely they were to use cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens and other illicit drugs. The report concludes that the data is already robust enough to make a strong case to step up efforts to prevent childhood use of cigarettes and to take firm steps to reduce children’s access to these "gateway drugs".
Researchers have found that craving nicotine also increases craving for illicit drugs among drug abusers who smoke tobacco, and this suggests that smokers in drug rehabilitation programs may be less successful than nonsmokers in staying off drugs.
In mice, nicotine increased the probability of later consumption of cocaine. the experiments permitted concrete conclusions on the underlying molecular biological alteration in the brain. The biological changes in mice correspond to the epidemiological observations in humans that nicotine consumption is coupled to an increased probability of later use of cocaine.

## Correlative model

Smoking may have a genetic predisposing factor; one 1990 study posited that 52% of the variance in smoking behaviour is attributable to heritable factors. The concept received support from a large-scale genetic analysis of 2016 that showed a genetic basis for the connection of the prevalence of cigarette smoking and cannabis use during the life of a person.
# Out of the Box (Jade Valerie album)

Out Of The Box the title of the debut mini-album released by Jade Valerie. It was released on October 17, 2007 as two versions, a CD only and a CD + DVD version, and later on, was released in Korea in a new edition. The Korean edition parted with 'Goodbye' and 'Mr. Pay Me' from the original release, with the addition of highlight tracks from Jade's following album, Bittersweet Symphony. The album saw a combination of new influences by Jade, mostly centering on modern musical trends. 'Crush', featuring guest vocalist Baek Ji-young on the Korean release, and sampled a classical piece in the style of Sweetbox, while many tracks showcased Jade Valerie experimenting with new vocal and musical styles. The album reached #27 on the Oricon Charts Weekly Albums chart.

## Track listing

Japanese Version
* Tuned Up
* Just Another Day
* Show Me
* Uh Lala
* Crush
* Mr. Pay Me
* You Don't Know Me
* Goodbye
Korean Version
* Tuned Up
* Just Another Day
* Uh Lala
* You Don't Know Me
* Crush
* Show Me
* Razorman
* Like A Bird (Geo’s Mix)
* Empty Pages
* Lucky Lady
* We Can Run
* Undone
* Stuck
* The Last
* You Don't Know Me (feat. Kim Dong Wan) (Bonus Track)

## Promotional videos

* "Just Another Day" (2007)
# Outeniqua Pass

The Outeniqua Pass is a mountain pass in the Western Cape, South Africa, that carries the N9/N12 national road through the Outeniqua Mountains north of George. It connects George and the Garden Route coastal plain with Oudtshoorn and the Little Karoo. It was constructed between 1943 and 1951, replacing the Montagu Pass as the main route from George to the interior.
# Tomaymycin

Tomaymycin is an antitumor and antibiotic pyrrolobenzodiazepine with the molecular formula C$_{16}$H$_{20}$N$_2$O$_4$. Tomaymycin is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes.
# Tom Huff

Tom Huff may refer to:
* Tom E. Huff (1938–1990), American author
* Tom Huff (politician) (1933–2013), American businessman and politician
# Tony Ferguson (skateboarder)

Tony Ferguson (born May 4, 1973) is a professional skateboarder and company owner. He was an original member of the Girl Skateboards team.

## Early life

Tony was born in Edmonton, Alberta on May 4, 1973. His early years were spent in Ottawa, Ontario where he began skateboarding at age 12. His family moved to Vancouver, British Columbia in 1990. In 1994, he was living in Los Angeles, California.

## Career

As a professional skateboarder, tastemaker and footwear designer, Tony Ferguson brings 20 plus years of professional relationships to the table, along with a unique market insight that stems from two decades of hands-on experience in the footwear industry. Ferguson along with a handful of other professional skaters as well as cinematographer Spike Jonze helped start the highly influential Girl Skateboard company in 1993. Always interested in all aspects of modern culture, Tony retired from professional skateboarding and moved successfully into footwear in 2006, acquiring the global footwear license for New York streetwear pioneers Alife. From there he would go on to work on projects with brands like Adidas, Timberland, Reebok and personalities including Drake, Nas and Kanye West.
It was during this time his knowledge of footwear truly expanded and Ferguson launched his own full service footwear agency with design, development and production teams in Europe and Asia. In 2015 Ferguson founded skate inspired luxury footwear brand Rone, a unique take on skate culture, connecting it to a luxury market for the first time. The brand has appeared in publications including GQ, Forbes, Esquire, Hypebeast, and has collaborated with such brands as The Ace Hotel and New Balance.

## Videography

* Plan B – Virtual Reality (1993)
* Eric Koston Profile 411 VM (1993)
* Girl Skateboards – Goldfish (1994)
* Girl Skateboards – Mouse (1996)
* Chocolate - Chocolate Tour (1999)
* 411 VM – Girl Chocolate (1999)
* Girl Chocolate Euroblitz (2000)
* Girl Skateboards – Yeah Right (2003)
* North Two (2004)
* Four Star North Of Everything (2008)
* North (2009)
* Crail Couch interview (2009)
* Crailtap’s mini DV drawer mouse years (2010)
* Crailtap’s mini DV drawer Yeah right years (2011)
* Maolo’s tapes, 20 years of Girl (2013)
* Vice Epicly Later’d – Koston Part 4 (2014)
* Girl X Alife Budweiser commercial (2014)
* Chocolate city series commercial (2014)
# Tomlinson Hill, Texas

Tomlinson Hill is a small unincorporated community in Falls County, Texas, United States. It lies approximately 7½ miles west of Marlin on State Highway 320 and approximately 1½ miles west-southwest of the junction of 320 and State Highway 7.

## History

It was named for James K. Tomlinson, a native of Georgia who settled in the area with his family in the 1850s. After emancipation, many of Tomlinson's former slaves took his last name. Most of the Tomlinsons have since moved from the area, but some remain, and one notable resident returned – the late Oliver Tomlinson, the father of former National Football League (NFL) player LaDainian Tomlinson.
The school had fifty-one students in 1933. In the 1940s, there were four businesses, a school, and several houses. By the 1980s, there was only a church and one business. It was also the site of the annual meeting of the Old Settlers and Veterans Association of Falls County. The population was sixty-four in 2000.
In 2012, a documentary featuring a white descendant, Chris Tomlinson, and a black descendant, Loreane Tomlinson, was directed by Lisa Kaselak.
# Tomura

Tomura is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cornirostridae.

## Species

* Tomura abscondita Rolán & Rubio, 1999
* Tomura apextruncata Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2013
* Tomura aqabaensis Bandel, 2010
* Tomura bicaudata (Pilsbry & McGinty, 1946)
* Tomura depressa (Granata Grillo, 1877)
* Tomura himeshima H. Fukuda & Yamashita, 1997
* † Tomura jekelii (Bandel, 2010)
* † Tomura pacheia Lozouet, Lesport & Renard, 2001
* Tomura rubiorolanorum Romani & Sbrana, 2016
* Tomura sphaerica Rolán & Rubio, 2008
* Tomura umbiliobsessa Rolán & Rubio, 2008
* Tomura urdunica (Bandel, 2010)
* Tomura xenoskeneoides Rubio & Rolán, 1998
* Tomura yashima H. Fukuda & Yamashita, 1997
# Ovacık, Nazilli

Ovacık is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Nazilli, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 717 (2022).
# Ovacık, Silifke

Ovacık is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silifke, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 972 (2022). It is situated in the southern slopes of Toros Mountains and to the north of Silifke. It is 17 kilometres (11 mi) to Silifke and 97 kilometres (60 mi) to Mersin. Ovacık is situated in a region full of archaeological ruins.
# Ovacık, Çanakkale

Ovacık is a village in the Çanakkale District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 77 (2021).
# Over Here

Over Here may refer to:
* Over Here (TV series), a 1996 UK comedy-drama television serial
* Over Here!, a 1974 Broadway musical
* "Over Here!", song from Over Here!, musical
* "Over Here", song by PartyNextDoor from PartyNextDoor (EP)
# Toning (coin)

Toning on a coin is the change of colour brought about through oxidization, which forms a thin layer of tarnish on the metal's surface, typically as a result of interactions and chemical reactions with sulfur-containing compounds in the environment. Coin toning can vary in aesthetics, and thus can alternately add or detract from a coin's value. Coins with unusual toning colours or patterns tend to be valued by coin collectors. Toning is most common on silver coins, but can be found on coins minted from other metals and alloys, including gold, copper and cupronickel.

## Types of toning

Different colors and patterns of toning can have varying effects on a coin's grade and value. For example, brown spotty toning could decrease a coin's value, while colourful multi-coloured or 'rainbow' toning could increase it. Similarly, toning can raise or lower a coin's grade by several points, as grading is based on factors including eye appeal and not just wear. Depending on the environment in which the toning took place, toned coins can come in many different colors and color combinations. Toning patterns may cover an entire coin, just one side, or just one area. Coins which have sat stacked in bags for a long time can develop crescent toning, where the toned coin was partially covered by one sitting off-center on top of it. This is common with Morgan dollars, which were typically delivered to and stored in banks in large cloth bags.

## Artificial toning

Coins are sometimes toned artificially through the use of chemicals or heat. This may be done by those seeking to increase their value, but unnatural toning on rare coins will reduce their value when detected. Coins with original surfaces are almost always preferable, although coins with extreme artificial toning, such as altered American Silver Eagles, are sometimes sold as novelties.
# Overlord (Marvel Comics)

Overlord is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in Silver Surfer #6 (June 1969).

## Fictional character biography

The Overlord of Dakkam has conquered the universe in a future timeline, but was defeated by the Silver Surfer.
# Tonk meteorite

Tonk is a small carbonaceous chondrite meteorite that fell near Tonk, India in 1911. Despite its small size, it is often included in studies due to its compositional similarity to the early solar system.

## Composition and classification

The meteorite consists of fragments that together weigh 7.7 g (0.27 oz) and fell near the city of Tonk in India near midday on 22 January 1911. It is one of five known meteorites belonging to the CI chondrite group. This group is remarkable for having an elemental distribution that has the strongest similarity to that of the solar nebula. Except for certain volatile elements, like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the noble gases, which are not present in the meteorite, the ratios of the elements are very similar. Notably though, the meteor is highly enriched in volatile mercury which is undetectable in the solar photosphere, and this is a major driver of the "mercury paradox" that mercury abundances in meteors do not follow its volatile nature and isotopic ratios based expected behaviour in the solar nebula. These features mean that it is often, despite its small size, included in meteorological studies. The meteorite contains dolomite, magnesite, magnetite, pentlandite and pyrrhotite.

## Alternative names

The meteorite is also known as Chhabra and Jhalrapatan.
# P. Chendur Pandian

P. Chendur Pandian (3 April 1951 – 11 July 2015) was an Indian politician and member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from Kadayanallur constituency. He represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party.
Pandian was born in Sengottai on 3 April 1951. He was vice-chairman of Kadayanallur municipality between 1996 and 2001, having been a member since 1986. He won the Kadayanallur constituency in the state assembly at the 2011 elections when he defeated the sitting Indian National Congress representative, S. Peter Alphonse. Pandian polled 80,794 votes and Alphonse was runner-up with 64,708. On 27 February 2013, relinquished his post as Minister for Khadi and Village Industries when he was appointed the Minister for Tourism by Jayalalithaa, the Chief Minister. He ceased to be Minister for Tourism on 18 June 2013.
Pandian held no ministerial office at the time of his death on 11 July 2015, aged 64. At the time he became critically ill with cardiac problems in January of that year, he was the Minister for Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments. His ministerial portfolio was passed to R. Kamaraj at the time but he remained minister without portfolio in the government headed by O. Panneerselvam. He ceased to be a minister when Jayalalithaa returned as Chief Minister in May.
# Oxfendazole

Oxfendazole is a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic. Its main use is for protecting livestock against roundworm, strongyles and pinworms. Oxfendazole is the sulfoxide metabolite of fenbendazole.
Oxfendazole is an anthelmintic (wormer) compound used in veterinary practice. It comes under the chemical class of the benzimidazoles. This drug is barely used in horses, goats, sheep, and cattle. It is very scarcely applied on dogs and cats. The drug for livestock is majorly available in the form of pills, tablets, drenches, bolus, etc. They are meant for oral consumption. Several drenches are allowed for intraruminal injection in some of the countries. Few countries also prefer injectables and pour-ons. For pet dogs, the drug is available in the form of drenches.

## Efficacy

Both oxfendazole and fenbendazole are efficacious against gastrointestinal lungworms and roundworms of livestock, adults, and L4-larvae of the significant species for example, of the genera Bunostomum, Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Oesophagostomum, Nematodirus, Teladorsagia, Cooperia, Trichostrongylus, Dictyocaulus, Trichuris, etc., including against arrested larvae of some of the species. They are even highly efficient against majority of the tapeworms commonly found in livestock. This drug works effectively against the main parasitic roundworms and tapeworms of dogs and cats.
The drug offers a small residual effect in ruminants unless and otherwise it is delivered by using a slow-release device. This essentially means that on a single administration it will help in killing the parasites which are present in the host during the time of treatment and also prevent against re-infestations for some more days but not weeks or months. The residual effect is comparatively shorter in non-ruminants. The drug is non-effective against flukes and external parasites at therapeutic dose.

## Adverse Effects

Since the toxicity of oxfendazole is quite low, it is generally well tolerated by most species. However, high oral doses can causes intoxication resulting in loss of appetite, diarrhea, fever, cramps, nausea, vomit and convulsions, hepatic and epicardial hemorrhage, allergic reactions etc. Due to lack of research, it is not suggested to use oxfendazole in pregnant mares and bitches. It is also not recommended to use oxfendazole tablets to treat dogs or cats. A registered veterinarian must authorize the use of oxfendazole.in any species.

## Society and culture
### Brand names

Oxfendazole is sold under brand names of Synanthic (Suspension), Benzelmin (Paste), Anthelcide EQ(Paste).
# PAISD

PAISD can refer to:
* Port Aransas Independent School District - Port Aransas is a city in Nueces County, Texas.
* Port Arthur Independent School District - Port Arthur Independent School District is a public school district based in Port Arthur, Texas.
# PAH

PAH or Pah may refer to:

## Science and technology
### Chemistry

* Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, one of a class of chemical compounds, organic pollutants
** PAH world hypothesis, hypothesis that proposes that the use of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was a means for the origin of life
* Polyallylamine hydrochloride, a polyelectrolyte used in polymer sheets
* Polyanhydrides, a class of biodegradable polymers
* Photoacid, where H indicates an H atom lost by an acid

### Medicine

* Para-aminohippurate, a substance used in the measurement of blood flow in the kidneys
** PAH clearance, Para-aminohippuric acid clearance, a measurement of renal plasma flow
* Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia, a potential complication of cryolipolysis
* Phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in breaking down phenylalanine
* Primary alveolar hypoventilation, a condition of inadequate air movement in the lungs
* Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a condition of elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary artery

## Organizations

* Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca, a Spanish housing rights organization
* Polish Humanitarian Action, a Polish non-governmental organisation (Polish: Polska Akcja Humanitarna)
* Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian: Российская Академия Наук (РАН)
* National Weather Service Paducah, Kentucky (WFO ID PAH)

## People

* Pah Wongso, born Victor Wijnhamer, Jr., (Chinese: 伯王梭; pinyin: Bó Wángsuō), an Indo social worker

## Places

* Pan-American Highway
* Pah, Gujarat, a village and former non-salute Rajput princely state in Gujarat, India
* Pah Homestead, a historic home in Hillsborough, Auckland, New Zealand
* Barkley Regional Airport, Paducah, Kentucky, U.S., IATA airport code PAH
* Pah-Ute County, Arizona Territory

## Other

* Pah, the lunar deity in Pawnee mythology
* Pah Wraith, in the fictional Star Trek universe
# Oxyopes apollo

Oxyopes apollo, the jumping lynx, is a species of lynx spider in the family Oxyopidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
# Oxyopes elegans

Oxyopes elegans is a species of lynx spiders (family Oxyopidae) found in Queensland and New South Wales.
# Outland (Pete Namlook and Bill Laswell album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Outland is the first collaborative album by Bill Laswell and Pete Namlook, released on February 2, 1994, by FAX +49-69/450464. The album consists of a single track lasting around 62 minutes in length.

## Personnel

Adapted from the Outland liner notes.

### Musicians

* Bill Laswell – electronics
* Pete Namlook – electronics, producer

### Technical personnel

* Oz Fritz – recording
* Thi-Linh Le – cover art
* Nicky Skopelitis – recording

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Germany | 1994 | FAX +49-69/450464 | CD | PW 19 |
| Germany | 1999 | Ambient World | CD | aw 022 |
# Tonya Lewis Lee

Tonya Linnette Lee (née Lewis; March 30, 1966) is an American film and television producer, author, entrepreneur, and advocate for women and infant health. She founded her production company, Madstone Company Inc., in 1998, and has been involved in media for children, through her work with Nickelodeon and her authorship of children's books.

## Life

Lewis Lee was born in Yonkers, New York, to Lillian Charlotte (née Glenn) and George Ralph Lewis. Her father held a corporate executive position at Philip Morris. She graduated from Sarah Lawrence College with a BA and the University of Virginia School of Law with a JD. After practicing law at Nixon, Hargrave, Devans & Doyle LLP in Washington, D.C. for nearly two years, she returned to New York and married Spike Lee in 1993. They have two children.

## Career
### Film and television

Lewis Lee has been producing content for television and film for nearly 20 years. She began her career producing interstitial programming for Nickelodeon. She went on to produce larger projects for them, ultimately producing the miniseries Miracle’s Boys for the network along with the documentary, I Sit Where I Want, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Brown v. Board of Education decision.
In 2014, Lewis Lee co-founded the production company ToniK Productions with Nikki Silver. Since its founding, ToniK has produced several projects including The Watsons Go To Birmingham, which Lewis Lee wrote, The Giver, She's Gotta Have It and MONSTER.

### Writer

Lewis Lee is the author of three children's books, Please Baby Please, Please Puppy Please, and Giant Steps to Change the World. She is also the co-author of the New York Times bestselling Gotham Diaries and the writer of the script The Watsons Go to Birmingham.

### Advocacy

Lewis Lee also served as the spokesperson for A Healthy Baby Begins With You an infant mortality awareness raising campaign out of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health from 2007 to 2013. Through the campaign she traveled the US speaking on issues of women's health for the sake of their unborn children. She also produced the documentary film Crisis in the Crib: Saving Our Nation's Babies. Her work with this campaign inspired her to found Healthy You Now, a web platform for women's health.
In 2015, she founded Movita, an organic vitamin company that is sold through e-commerce.

## Filmography
### Film

* The Watsons Go to Birmingham
* Monster
* Aftershock

### Television series

* I Sit Where I Want: The Legacy of Brown v. the Board of Education
* Miracle's Boys
* That's What I'm Talking About
* Crisis in the Crib: Saving Our Nations Babies
* She's Gotta Have It

## Books

* Please Baby Please
* Please Puppy Please
* Giant Steps to Change the World
* Gotham Diaries

## Products

* Movita Organics
# Tongue Tied (Boom Crash Opera song)

"Tongue Tied" is a song by Australian pop rock band Boom Crash Opera, written and produced by founding member Peter Farnan. The song was released in January 1995 as the second single from their fourth studio album, Born (1995), and peaked at number 25 on the Australian Singles Chart. As of 2024, it is their most recent top-50 hit in Australia.

## Track listing

Australian CD single
* "Tongue Tied"
* "Tongue Tied" (Tastes Like an Ashtray mix)
* "Tongue Tied" (Gurgulurmix)
* "Tongue Tied" (Candy Probe mix)
* "More Is More"

## Charts

| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 25 |
# Oysters Bienville

Oysters Bienville is a traditional dish in New Orleans cuisine of baked oysters in a shrimp sauce. It is served at some of the city's renowned restaurants, originating at Arnaud's. Ingredients include shrimp, mushrooms, bell peppers, sherry, a roux with butter, Parmesan cheese and other lighter cheese, and bread crumbs. The oysters are baked in the shell or can be made in a small casserole dish or au gratin dish. The dish was named for Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville (1680–1767), French governor of Louisiana and founder of New Orleans.
# Oyanagi

Oyanagi may refer to:
* Ryōta Oyanagi (born 1993), Japanese sumo wrestler now known as Yutakayama Ryōta
* Kinya Oyanagi (born 1976), retired Japanese professional wrestler
* Oyanagi Station, a railway station on the Hokuriku Railroad Ishikawa Line in Hakusan, Ishikawa