OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Western Canada Senior Hockey League

The Western Canada Senior Hockey League was a senior ice hockey league that played six seasons in Alberta and Saskatchewan, from 1945 to 1951. The league produced the 1946 Allan Cup and the 1948 Allan Cup champions, and merged into the Pacific Coast Hockey League for the 1951–52 season.

## History

In April 1945, W. G. Hardy sought to organize a senior hockey league including teams from Alberta and Saskatchewan. The result was the Western Canada Senior Hockey League (WCSHL) which began in the 1945–46 season, with Hardy as a league governor. The first season had teams in Edmonton, Calgary, Saskatoon and Regina. A fifth team was added in Lethbridge in the 1946–47 season.
The league produced the 1946 Allan Cup champion Calgary Stampeders, and the 1948 Allan Cup champion Edmonton Flyers. Hardy had nominated the Flyers to represent Canada at the 1947 Ice Hockey World Championships, but the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association ultimately did not to send a team due to funding issues.
D. P. McDonald of Calgary served as the league president from 1945 to 1950, until he was succeeded by Al Pickard in September 1950. He expected the WCSHL to be part of the Major Series for senior hockey which was proposed as a new Canadian playoffs structure at a higher calibre of competition than the Allan Cup. The Alexander Cup was established as the championship trophy of the Major Series, donated by Viscount Alexander, the Governor General of Canada at the time.
The league established the Dave Dryburgh Memorial Trophy in 1948, awarded to the top goaltender during the regular season.
The WCHSL wanted to expand to six teams for the 1951–52 season, and Pickard followed up on interest in Moose Jaw and Winnipeg. The CAHA required that all leagues in the Major Series post a $5,000 performance bond and guarantee its winner to participate in the national playoffs. The Regina Capitals submitted notice of financial issues and likelihood of folding. The remaining teams chose to become professional and the WCSHL merged into the Pacific Coast Hockey League for the 1951–52 season.

## Teams

* Calgary Stampeders (1945–51)
* Edmonton Flyers (1945–51)
* Lethbridge Maple Leafs (1946–49)
* Regina Capitals (1945–51)
* Saskatoon Elks (1945–47)
* Saskatoon Quakers (1947–51)

## Champions

* 1945–46 – Calgary Stampeders (1946 Allan Cup champion)
* 1946–47 – Calgary Stampeders
* 1947–48 – Edmonton Flyers (1948 Allan Cup champion)
* 1948–49 – Regina Capitals
* 1949–50 – Calgary Stampeders
* 1950–51 – Saskatoon Quakers
# Mining Cricket Stadium

Sikkim Cricket Ground is a cricket stadium in Rangpo, Pakyong District, Sikkim. It is the official cricket ground of Sikkim that has been leased to Sikkim Cricket Association in 2002 for 20 years by Government of Sikkim. The ground was established in 1997 when a match of Vijay Merchant Trophy was played between Sikkim Under-16s and Bihar Under-16s. Previously, the ground belonged to Sikkim Mining Corporation and was handed over to the Sikkim Cricket Association in 2002 to be developed as a cricket stadium. As of 2022, the Stadium is fully functional and Mining Cricket Stadium will host three Ranji Trophy matches, three CK Nayudu Trophy matches and two Cooch Behar Trophy matches in November - December 2022.
# Mining Department

Mining Department can refer to:
* Mine Design Department of the British Royal Navy
* Mining Department (AFL), American labor union organization
* Ministry of Mining Department (Maharashtra), Indian government ministry
# Mining Department (AFL)

The Mining Department was a semi-autonomous department of the American Federation of Labor (AFL).

## History

In the early 20th century, several unions represented workers in the mining industry in the United States and Canada, and there was interest in encouraging co-operation between them. The Western Federation of Miners re-affiliated with the AFL in 1911, and this spurred the formation of a mining department of the AFL.
The department was founded on February 8, 1912, at a conference in Indianapolis. Among its early plans was a joint recruitment campaign, in Utah, New Mexico, and southern Colorado. In 1914, the post of president of the department became salaried, and an office was opened in the AFL Building in Washington DC.
The department was disbanded in 1922, due to disagreements on strategy between the leadership of the AFL and the United Mine Workers of America union.

## Affiliates

Affiliates included:
* Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers
* International Association of Bridge and Structural Ironworkers
* International Association of Machinists
* International Brotherhood of Steam Shovel and Dredgemen
* International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers
* United Mine Workers of America

## Leadership
### Presidents

    1912: Charles Moyer
    1912: John Phillip White
    1914: James Lord

### Secretary-Treasurers

    1912: Edwin Perry
    1912: Ernest Mills
# Who Are the Mind Benders?

Who are the Mind Benders?: The people who rule Britain through control of the mass media is a 1997 publication by Nick Griffin which was printed and distributed by the British National Party. The booklet outlines a Jewish conspiracy whereby Jews control the media in Britain and use this position to brainwash the [white] British population. Griffin claims for instance that Jews are responsible for “providing us with an endless diet of pro-multiracial, pro-homosexual, anti-British trash”.
The booklet is based upon the American neo-Nazi William Pierce's work Who Rules America? and the anti-Semitic forgery the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. Who are the Mind Benders? has been criticised for its overtly antisemitic content. Prominent Jews mentioned as forming part of a conspiracy include Alan Yentob, Michael Grade, Jeremy Isaacs and the supposedly part-Jewish Rupert Murdoch.
According to the scholars Nigel Copsey and Graham Macklin, Who are the Mind Benders? was intended to be mailed to thousands of people including "magistrates, local clergymen, sixth-formers, police officers, young journalists and the like". However, few booklets were ever circulated as it fell on party members to bulk purchase copies and identify recipients. Copsey and Macklin also argue that the timing of the publication was also ill-judged as it coincided with the run-up to the 1997 general election when the attention of BNP activists was elsewhere. They wrote that "parts [of the book] were factually inaccurate and the presence of a few hundred Jews working within the media (which employs many thousands) does not in and of itself prove that there is any such conspiracy". Griffin later attempted to distance himself from Mindbenders as he attempted to re-brand the British National Party as a "respectable" modern nationalist party.
# What Kinda Love

"What Kinda Love" is a song recorded and co-written by Canadian country rock artist Dallas Smith. It was released in January 2013 as the fourth single from his debut solo album, Jumped Right In. It peaked at number 77 on the Canadian Hot 100 in April 2013.

## Critical reception

Casadie Pederson of Top Country called the song "perhaps his best release yet." She wrote that "it can relate to so many people as we go along this journey of life and love so many things, all of which mean different things to us."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Stephano Barberis and premiered in February 2013.

## Chart performance

"What Kinda Love" debuted at number 95 on the Canadian Hot 100 for the week of February 23, 2013.
| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 77 |
| Canada Country (Billboard) | 7 |
# Let's Just Stay Here

Let's Just Stay Here is an album by Canadian alternative country artists Carolyn Mark and NQ Arbuckle, released October 13, 2009 on Mint Records.
The album was a nominee for Roots & Traditional Album of the Year – Group at the 2010 Juno Awards.

## Personnel

The album features guest appearances by Corb Lund, Miranda Mulholland and Jenny Whiteley.
# Westminster Palace Gardens

Westminster Palace Gardens is a Victorian red brick mansion block with apartments centered around a courtyard. It is located on Artillery Row in the City of Westminster, London. It is listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England.
The seven-story building was designed in the grand mansion style by architect Charles J.C. Pawley, and was built between 1898 and 1899. The facade of the building is clad at street level in blue and green faience tiles. In the centre of the façade are full-height black iron gates and a two-storey former carriage archway flanked by pilasters. Above the entrance at both first and second floor level are examples of lavish Victorian splendour with ornate terra cotta friezes that run the length of the facade.
Westminster Palace Gardens is located on the site of the former Artillery Brewery. The name "artillery" pays tribute to the site's past use for military drills and target practice.
# Milodrag Akmadžić

Milodrag "Backo" Akmadžić is a Croatian retired footballer and is a former assistant coach with Toronto Croatia of the Canadian Soccer League. Akmadžić played the majority of his career in the Canadian Professional Soccer League and had a stint in the National Professional Soccer League. After his retirement from competitive soccer, he went into the field of coaching teams within the CSL.

## Playing career

Akmadžić played in the First League of Herzeg-Bosnia in 1994 with Zrinjski Mostar.
He would begin his North American career in 1996 with Toronto Croatia of the Canadian International Soccer League. During the winter season he signed with Toronto Shooting Stars of the National Professional Soccer League. Where he appeared in 24 matches and recorded seven goals and two assists. In 1997, Toronto Croatia entered the Canadian National Soccer League, where he served as team captain. He helped Toronto secure a playoff berth by finishing second in the standings. The following season he retired from competitive soccer. Akmadžić made his return to soccer and resigned with Toronto Croatia in 2000. His first match back was on May 31, 2000 in a match against Glen Shields Sun Devils. He helped Toronto qualify for the playoffs by finishing third in the standings. He reached the CPSL Championship finals where they faced league giants Toronto Olympians, and won the match by a score of 2-1.
In 2001, he would sign with newly expansion Brampton Hitmen. During his five year tenure with Brampton his greatest success with the organization was in 2003, where he assisted in their CPSL championship run.

## Managerial career

In 2005, Akmadžić was given his first coaching role as he served as the head coach for Brampton after the position was vacant for some time. In 2006, he returned to Toronto Croatia to serve as the club's assistant coach. The following season he was elevated to the position of head coach and helped Toronto achieve a 21 game undefeated streak, and reach the postseason by finishing second in the International Division. In the playoffs Toronto reached the finals where they faced arch rivals the Serbian White Eagles FC in a two game final, where Croatia would end up claiming the CSL Championship in a 4-1 victory on goals on aggregate. He also achieved success on the international level by claiming the Croatian World Club Championship. Since 2011, he has served as assistant coach under Velimir Crljan.
He was dismissed as assistant manager of Mississauga MetroStars in March 2019.
# Mir Ahmad

Mir Ahmad may refer to:
* Mir Ahmad I
* Mir Ahmad II
* Mir Ahmad, Khuzestan
* Mir Ahmad, Lorestan
# Minimum overlap problem

In number theory and set theory, the minimum overlap problem is a problem proposed by Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős in 1955.

## Formal statement of the problem

Let A = {a$_i$} and B = {b$_j$} be two complementary subsets, a splitting of the set of natural numbers {1, 2, …, 2n}, such that both have the same cardinality, namely n. Denote by M$_k$ the number of solutions of the equation a$_i$ − b$_j$ = k, where k is an integer varying between −2n and 2n. M (n) is defined as:
    $M(n):=\min _{A,B}\max _{k}M_{k}.\,\!$
The problem is to estimate M (n) when n is sufficiently large.

## History

This problem can be found amongst the problems proposed by Paul Erdős in combinatorial number theory, known by English speakers as the Minimum overlap problem. It was first formulated in the 1955 article Some remarks on number theory (in Hebrew) in Riveon Lematematica, and has become one of the classical problems described by Richard K. Guy in his book Unsolved problems in number theory.

## Partial results

Since it was first formulated, there has been continuous progress made in the calculation of lower bounds and upper bounds of M (n), with the following results:

### Lower

| Limit inferior | Author(s) | Year |
| $M(n)>n/4$ | P. Erdős | 1955 |
| $M(n)>(1-2^{-1/2})\,n$ | P. Erdős, Scherk | 1955 |
| $M(n)>(4-6^{1/2})\,n/5$ | S. Swierczkowski | 1958 |
| $M(n)>(4-15^{1/2})^{1/2}\,(n-1)$ | L. Moser | 1966 |
| $M(n)>(4-15^{1/2})^{1/2}\,n$ | J. K. Haugland | 1996 |
| $M(n)>0.379005{\,}n$ | E. P. White | 2022 |

### Upper

| Limit superior | Author(s) | Year |
| $M(n)<(1+o(1))n/2$ | P. Erdős | 1955 |
| $M(n)<(1+o(1))2n/5$ | T. S. Motzkin, K. E. Ralston and J. L. Selfridge, | 1956 |
| $M(n)<(1+o(1))0.382002...n$ | J. K. Haugland | 1996 |
| $M(n)<(1+o(1))0.380926...n$ | J. K. Haugland | 2016 |
J. K. Haugland showed that the limit of M (n) / n exists and that it is less than 0.385694. For his research, he was awarded a prize in a young scientists competition in 1993. In 1996, he improved the upper bound to 0.38201 using a result of Peter Swinnerton-Dyer. This has now been further improved to 0.38093. In 2022, the lower bound was shown to be at least 0.379005 by E. P. White.

### The first known values of M(n)

The values of M (n) for the first 15 positive integers are the following:
| $n\,\!$ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | ... |
| $M(n)\,\!$ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ... |
It is just the Law of Small Numbers that it is $\textstyle \lfloor 5(n+3)/13\rfloor$
# Minimum programme

In Marxist practice, a minimum programme consists of a series of demands for immediate reforms and, in far fewer and less orthodox cases, also consists of a series of political demands which, taken as a whole, realise key democratic-republican measures enacted by the Paris Commune and thus culminate in the strictly political dictatorship of the proletariat.
One of the first examples of a minimum programme is in the 1880 programme drawn up for the French Workers' Party by Jules Guesde with Paul Lafargue, Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx. The introductory Preamble, also known as the "maximum section" was given to Guesde by Marx and concludes with the following paragraph (according to the Penguin translation from the German in MEW)
   The French socialist workers, who have set themselves in the economic arena the goal of the return of all means of production to collective ownership, have decided, as the means of organisation and struggle, to enter the elections with the following minimum programme.
This programme was adopted at the Le Havre conference of the Party in November 1880 against the opposition of the possibilists like Paul Brousse and Benoit Malon and became known as the "minimum programme". Engels recommended the economic part of the minimum section to the SPD drafters of the Erfurt programme.
It is through later interpretations of the Erfurt Programme that the orthodox concept of a minimum programme becomes widespread and later mirrored by much of the Socialist International. The minimum is contrasted with a maximum programme, which will achieve socialism. In the short term, parties were to pursue only the minimum programme of achievable demands, which would improve workers' lives until the inevitable collapse of capitalism. Other groups believed that the achievement of a minimum programme enabling them to become mass parties and pursue their maximum programme.
Within the orthodox framework, the Communist International developed the alternative idea of a transitional programme, seeing the minimum/maximum division as leaving democratic socialist parties always campaigning only for their minimum programme and not clearly planning a route to achieve their maximum programme.
# When the Circus Comes to Town

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
When the Circus Comes to Town is the 19th album by Scottish folk musician Bert Jansch released in 1995. The song "Born and Bred in Old Ireland" was also recorded during these sessions but omitted from the UK album. Bert's manager intended to add it to a projected Japanese version of the album, which may or may not have happened. The track was re-recorded for Jansch's 1998 studio album, Toy Balloon

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Bert Jansch; except where indicated
* "Walk Quietly By"
* "Open Road"
* "Back Home"
* "No-One Around" (Janie Romer)
* "Step Back"
* "When The Circus Comes To Town"
* "Summer Heat"
* "Just a Dream"
* "The Lady Doctor from Ashington"
* "Stealing the Night Away"
* "Honey Don't You Understand"
* "Born with the Blues"
* "Morning Brings Peace Of Mind"
* "Living in the Shadows"

## Personnel

* Bert Jansch - guitar, vocals
* Colin Gibson - bass
* Liam Genockey - drums
* Mike Piggott - violin
* Mark Ramsden - soprano saxophone
* Bobby Barton - slide guitar
* Tony Hinnigan - strings
* Maggie Boyle, Janie Romer and Christine Collister - backing vocals
# Les Sept Paroles du Christ sur la Croix

Les Sept Paroles du Christ sur la Croix (The seven words of Christ on the Cross) is a musical setting of sayings of Jesus on the cross by César Franck, composed in 1859.
The work was never performed during Franck's lifetime and was only discovered in 1955, when the University of Liège acquired an autograph score from a private owner. The work's structure resembles Franck's Les Béatitudes, consisting of a prologue followed by individual movements setting sayings, or in this case sometimes single phrases, of Jesus.

## Performances and recordings

* Franck: Les Sept Paroles du Christ sur la Croix. Domine, non secundum. Orchestre du Domaine Musical, Choeur Henri Duparc, Jean-Paul Salanne. Musique en Wallonie - MEW0318
* Franck: Les Sept Paroles du Christ sur la Croix. With Gounod Les sept paroles de N.S. Jesus-Christ sur la croix Ensemble Vocal de Lausanne, Michel Corboz. Mirare 2010
# What We Cannot Know

What We Cannot Know: Explorations at the Edge of Knowledge is a 2016 popular science book by the British mathematician Marcus du Sautoy. He poses questions from science and mathematics and attempts to identify whether they are known, currently unknown or may be impossible to ever know.

## Background

The author, British mathematician Marcus du Sautoy, succeeded Richard Dawkins as Simonyi Professor for the Public Understanding of Science. His contributions to science communication include television documentaries and a co-hosting role on Dara Ó Briain: School of Hard Sums.
Du Sautoy said that the book took three years to write. He was inspired to explore unknowns in science by considering provable unknowns in mathematics: for instance, Gödel's first incompleteness theorem states that in any (sufficiently sophisticated) logical system, there are true statements about positive whole numbers that cannot be proven true. In analogy, du Sautoy says that there are unknown questions around consciousness because every person is limited to their own consciousness (like a formal system is limited to its axioms). Another mathematical analogy du Sautoy made is that Euclid's theorem—that there are infinitely many prime numbers—is a finite proof of a fact about infinity. Du Sautoy imagines that, in physics, some proof of infinitude of the universe could be similarly possible.
The book was published on 19 May 2016.

## Synopsis

Du Sautoy identifies seven "edges" of human knowledge, through consideration of physical objects. For instance, he questions whether it is possible to know what side a die will land on prior to rolling, using probability and chaos theory in his analysis. He explores philosophical and scientific concepts of time and consciousness. Other topics include evolutionary biology and particle physics. As well as unknown questions, he illustrates known facts from quantum physics and astronomy.
Du Sautoy connects the unknowns of human knowledge to God, recalling that a radio interviewer defined God to him as "something which transcends human understanding". He ultimately rejects belief in a deity himself. He illustrates topics with examples from his own life, such as his practice of the trumpet and cello.

## Reception

In Undark Magazine, science communicator John Durant praised that du Sautoy's book is "honestly self-deprecating" and that he manages to be "amiable and entertaining" without exaggerating scientific fact. Similarly, Nicola Davis of The Guardian praised that du Sautoy "exposes with humility his own confusions, apprehensions and concerns", but criticised that he "somewhat limply concludes" that what humans cannot know may remain unknown. In contrast, a writer for The Economist found the conclusion to be "optimistic" and saw the book as "fascinating". Barbara Kiser reviewed the book for Nature as a "finely synthesized study" in which du Sautoy takes readers on a "dazzling journey".
Rob Kingston recommended it as a science book of 2016 for The Times. The University of Limerick's Centre for Teaching and Learning listed it as one of seven books that they encouraged students to read in 2020.
# Minuscule 706

Minuscule 706 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε347 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript has complex contents. Scrivener labelled it by 486$^e$.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 213 parchment leaves (size 19 cm by 13.5 cm).
The text is written in one column per page, 27 lines per page.
It contains list of the κεφαλαια before Gospel of Luke, but it was added by a later hand. The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections, except the end of the Gospel of Mark. There is not a references to the Eusebian Canons. It contains lectionary markings, αναγνωσεις (lessons), subscriptions (except Luke), and στιχοι.
According to Scrivener it has "a very unusual style".

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents mixed Byzantine text, related to the textual family Π$^b$ in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made.

## History

Scrivener dated the manuscript to the 12th or 13th century, Gregory dated it to the 13th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTF to the 13th century.
It was added to the list of New Testament manuscript by Scrivener (486) and Gregory (706). Gregory saw the manuscript in 1883.
Actually the manuscript is housed at the Bodleian Library (MS. Auct. T. 5. 34) in Oxford.
# Lethal Miniature Aerial Missile System

The Lethal Miniature Aerial Missile System (LMAMS) is a small, man-portable loitering munition developed for the U.S. Army. It is intended to combat non-line-of-sight targets such as snipers and enemy combatants planting IEDs. It can also attack targets that infantry cannot see, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). It is a single-use weapon meant to be carried in a soldier's backpack.
Six critical government-owned components have been tested by the U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARMDEC). A small electronic safety and arming device, secure micro digital data link, power, laser ranging height for the burst sensor and image stabilization/auto-tracker function have been developed and tested. It deploys in two minutes and has a loiter time of fifteen minutes, transmitting color imagery back to a ground station.