OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vladimír Šlechta

Vladimír Šlechta is a Czech science fiction and fantasy author.

## Life

Šlechta was born in Liberec in 1960, but most of his life he spent in the South Bohemian Region, in České Budějovice or its surroundings. In 1967, his father joined the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia but one year later he opposed the party line, so his membership was terminated. He was also removed from his teaching post at a university, and he couldn't find another job.
Vladimír Šlechta couldn't study a secondary school in České Budějovice, that's why he studied in Trhové Sviny. He then went to study at the Czech Technical University in Prague's Faculty of Civil Engineering. After that, he was employed in design departments of various water management institutions. He worked three years as clerk for firemen, and a few years as a project and investment manager. Since 1999 he has been self-employed, designing water supply and sanitation.
Since 1984 has been married and he has two grown-up sons.

## Author

In 1993 Vladimír Šlechta published his first short story‚Legendary Weapon in the magazine Ikarie. In 1999, his two novels were published: Project Bersekr and Sharp Echoes. By 2007, about 15 thousand copies of his books were sold, making him one of the best-selling Czech authors of fantasy and sci-fi. Twice he received The Academy Prize for Science Fiction and Sci-fi in the Best Published Short Story category. At present, he is the author of nine books, in which he combines adventurous science-fiction and fantasy elements.
# Step 2 payments

Step 2 payments are one of the three cotton competitiveness provisions intended to keep U.S. cotton competitive in domestic and export markets (initially authorized by the 1990 farm bill (P.L. 101-624)). Under the Step 2 provision, USDA is required to issue marketing certificates (or cash payments in lieu of certificates) to domestic users of upland cotton for documented purchases, and to exporters of upland cotton for documented sales, when certain U.S. cotton pricing benchmarks are exceeded. The payments provide a subsidy to U.S. cotton users and exporters so that U.S. rather than foreign cotton will be utilized, even when U.S. cotton is higher-priced. The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) and the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171, Sec. 1208) continued the Step 2 provisions.
# Kovačevo Selo

Kovačevo Selo is a village in the municipality of Tuzla, Tuzla Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 283.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 189 | 66.8% |
| Serbs | 63 | 22.3% |
| Croats | 10 | 3.5% |
| other/undeclared | 21 | 7.4% |
| Total | 283 | 100% |
# Sugiura Shigemine

Sugiura Shigemine (杉浦茂峰, Sugiura Shigemine) was a Japanese fighter pilot in World War II who is now recognised in Taiwan as the deity Feihu Jiangjun (Chinese: 飛虎將軍), or "General Flying Tiger." Sugiura was born in Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture, on 9 November 1923. As a youth he joined a pilot training program at the Imperial Navy's Kasumigaura Air Base, where he learned the basics of flying. After graduating he was sent to Taiwan for advanced training.

## World War II incident

On 12 October 1944, a number of Allied planes appeared in the sky over the Haiwei area of southern Taiwan. Among the first to engage them was 2nd Lieutenant Sugiura, a pilot with the 201 Flying Squadron of the Imperial Japanese Navy. When Sugiura's Mitsubishi Zero was hit and caught fire, he steered his plane away from residential areas and was killed. His action spared the wooden houses and fish farming ponds upon which the local economy depended.

## Flying Tiger Temple

In later years, a number of villagers claimed to have had supernatural experiences relating to the heroic pilot. In 1971, at the location of the crash site, a temple was built in Tainan in Sugiura's honour, called the Flying Tiger or Chen-an Temple. In 1993 a larger temple building was constructed, to cater for the many visitors from Japan. Temple manager Hsieh Chu-ji says all requests are granted, "except for wealth." Daily ceremonies occur, in which worshipers play the Japanese national anthem Kimigayo and light cigarettes to honor Sugiura. In the evening the gunka Umi Yukaba is played.
# P. Kanagasabapathy

Perampalam Kanagasabapathy (1923–1977) was a Ceylon Tamil mathematician, academic and dean of the Faculty of Science at the Jaffna Campus of the University of Sri Lanka.

## Early life and family

Kanagasabapathy was born in 1923. He was the son of Iyampillai Perampalam from Erlalai in northern Ceylon. He was educated at Jaffna Hindu College. After school he joined the University of Ceylon. He then went to the University of Cambridge, graduating with a master's degree in mathematics.
Kanagasabapathy married Meenambikai in 1949. They had three children (Pathmini, Mythili and Nanada Kumaran).

## Career

Kanagasabapathy worked at the University of Ceylon, Peradeniya from 1950 to 1974 as a lecturer, senior lecturer and professor of mathematics. He joined the Jaffna Campus of the University of Sri Lanka in October 1974 as a professor of mathematics. He was head of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics and dean of the Faculty of Science at the Jaffna campus from October 1974 to January 1977. He died in January 1977. He published number of papers in Mathematical Journals.
# Nalolo District

Nalolo District is a district of Zambia, located in Western Province. It was separated from Senanga District in 2012. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 73,645 people.
# Pallapatti

Pallapatti may refer to places in India:
* Pallapatti, Karur, Tamil Nadu
* Pallapatti, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu
# Vipera seoanei cantabrica

    Common names: (none).
Vipera seoanei cantabrica is a venomous viper subspecies endemic to the Cantabrian Mountains in Spain.

## Description

This subspecies is described as the fourth (of four) main color-pattern types for V. seoanei—a highly polymorphic species. V. s. cantabrica has a fragmented zigzag pattern that can appear as transverse bands along the back. This morph resembles a pattern seen in V. aspis.

## Geographic range

It is found in the south central parts of the Cantabrian Mountains in northern Spain.
The type locality given is "Faro, Caurel (Lugo)."
# The Slopes, Buxton

The Slopes (formerly known as The Terrace) is a Grade-II-listed public park in Buxton, Derbyshire in England. The area was laid out by landscape architect Jeffry Wyatville in 1811 for William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire, as pleasure grounds for the guests of The Crescent hotel to promenade. The design of The Terrace was modified further by Sir Joseph Paxton in 1859.
The grassed bank of The Slopes lies between the Town Hall and Higher Buxton at the top and St Ann's Well and the Pump Room (into which the Buxton spring mineral waters were piped) at the bottom, facing The Crescent hotel, the Victorian spa baths and the Old Hall Hotel. The terraced area is intersected with numerous footpaths. The Terrace had previously been a bare hillside known as St Ann's Cliff. In 1787 Major Hayman Rooke uncovered a long section of the Roman town wall, which is now beneath the landscaped hillside of The Slopes. At the same time Rooke also documented details of the base of a temple in the same area, overlooking the site of the baths and springs. The temple was dedicated to the water deity Arnemetia. It had a shrine room set on a rectangular podium, with a columned portico at the front.
Twelve Grade-II*-listed 18th-century decorated limestone urns (originally from Lord Burlington's estate at Londesborough Hall in Yorkshire) are set on gritstone plinths along walled footpaths and stone steps.
Buxton Town Hall looks down from the top of The Slopes. It was designed by William Pollard in a French Renaissance style and built between 1887 and 1889.
The Grade-II-listed war memorial from c.1920 commemorates the soldiers from Buxton who perished in the two World Wars. An ashlar obelisk on a stepped platform is fronted by a bronze statue of Winged Victory holding a sword and a laurel wreath. The sculptor was Louis Frederick Roslyn.
The Met Office climatological station for Buxton is situated on The Slopes directly above the war memorial. The instruments at the station record various meteorological measurements (including temperatures, rainfall, humidity and wind speed and direction), which are read daily by volunteers. Buxton's weather was formally recorded in the grounds of Devonshire Royal Hospital since 1865. The climatological station was relocated to its present site in 1925. It is one of the oldest weather stations in the UK.
The Slopes were restored in 1994 with grants from the European Commission and English Heritage.
# Statue of José Antonio Torres

A statue of José Antonio Torres [es] is installed near the Corona Market, in Centro, Guadalajara, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The statue is 2.5 meters (8 ft 2 in) tall and he is described as having an enraged face. The sculptor was Juan José Méndez Hernández. In April 2017, the machete he was holding was stolen.
# Vladimír Špaček

Vladimír Špaček (born October 29, 1939) is a Czechoslovak sprint canoer who competed in the early 1960s. At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, he was disqualified in the heats of the K-1 4 × 500 m event.
# Pakkamalai

Pakkamalai is a mountain and forest reserve in Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu, located 45 km southwest of Gingee.

## Geography

Pakkamalai is steep-sided plateau that reaches an elevation of over 500 meters. In addition to being a forest reserve, Pakkamalai is a sacred forest. There is a shrine to the Goddess Durga on one of the peaks, and a temple to Perumal (Vishnu) at mid-elevation.

## Climate

Maximum temperature ranges from 30° to 36 °C in the summer, and 24 °C during the winter months. Mean annual rainfall is 700 mm.

## Ecology

Pakkamalai forest reserve covers an area of 22.38 km$^2$, and the mountain's dry forests contain a mix of species characteristic of the coastal dry evergreen forests which lie to the east, and the dry deciduous forests that lie to the west in the Eastern Ghats. Typical dry evergreen species in the forests include Atalantia monophylla, Acacia intsia, Combretum albidum, Dichrostachys cinerea, and Psydrax dicoccos, and typical dry deciduous species include Cochlospermum religiosum, Deccania pubescens, Garuga pinnata, Hildegardia populifolia, Ochna lanceolata, and Premna tomentosa. It is also home to several endemic and limited-range species. Hubera senjiana, a rare species of tree, is found only on Pakkamalai, growing in dry rocky soils along forest fringes between 200–300 metres elevation in association with Phyllanthus polyphyllus, Stenosiphonium russellianum, and Justicia beddomei.
The surrounding lowlands are in the Deccan thorn scrub forests ecoregion.
Pakkamalai is home to the easternmost population of the grizzled giant squirrel (Ratufa macroura). It was previously known only in the Western Ghats and the Palani Hills.
In 2019, the critically endangered blue tarantula Poecilotheria metallica, known as the peacock parachute spider or Gooty tarantula, was discovered living in the mountains.
# Pakkanar

Pakkanar is a character in Malayalam Folklore. Pakkanar was born as the son of Vararuchi, the famous astrologer who adorned the court of King Vikramaditya. Pakkanar was second among the twelve offspring or the Parayi petta panthirukulam (12 children born from the Pariah woman). Just a shout away from Mezhathol Agnihothri's home Vemancheri Mana in Thrithala, is the Paakkanar colony otherwise known as Eerattinkal Paraya colony adjoining Arikkunnu mentioned earlier. In the traditional caste hierarchy in Kerala, the Paraya caste was considered a lower caste. Families of Paakkanaar lineage live in this colony in 18 houses. The story goes that it was Paakkanar who actually made a "Thampraakkal" out of "Azhvanchery Thamprakkal", who is considered as the head of the Namboothiris of the region.

## Stories of Pakkanar

Aithihyamaala by Kottarathil Sankunny says many stories of Pakkanar. According to one story Pakkanar made only 4 "Muram" (A traditional south Indian board used to separate the chaff from the rice). Pakkanar would sell 4 of them. He says "One for giving credits (for his kids to whom he provides everything for sustaining them), One for paying off debts (To help his grandparents who made him what he is), One for himself and his wife, and the last one he just throws away (That is for charity without expecting returns)." The stories of Aithihyamala depicts such valuable messages of life through simple stories of miracles of the Parayi petta panthirukulam (12 children born from the Pariah woman). A festival of "Muram" is conducted still today in Bhuvaneswari temple. In other story Agnihotri, Pakkanar's elder brother, and his wife visits Pakkanar's home. Agnihotri's wife is depicted as an orthodox upper caste woman. As the visitors arrived Pakkanar called his wife, who was taking water from well. The woman left the rope and ran to attend her husband, but the bucket stayed in the air where it was. Such is said to be the power of purity and respect that she showed to Pakkanar.
# Pakkapakka

Pakka-Pakka or Pakkapakka, also Pakkapakka 1 (right side river) and Pakkapakka 2 (left side), is a Maroon village in the rainforest of Boven Saramacca resort in Sipaliwini District in Suriname. The village is inhabited by Matawai people. The village was founded in the 1860s and was originally home to both Matawai and Kwinti people.
The village has no school, no clinic, but does have a church. There was a school in 1924.
Nearby towns and villages include Kapoesanti (25.0 nm), Kaaimanston (36.8 nm), Moetoetoetabriki (13.9 nm), Heidoti (15.6 nm), Stonkoe (6.3 nm), Makajapingo (8.6 nm) and Asoenoebo (1.0 nm) .
# Pamuk

Pamuk is a Turkish word meaning cotton, and may refer to:

## Surname

* Melisa Aslı Pamuk (born 1991), Dutch-Turkish beauty pageant titleholder, actress and model
* Orhan Pamuk (born 1952), Turkish novelist and Nobel Prize winner
* Şevket Pamuk (born 1950), Turkish economist, brother of Orhan Pamuk
* Uğur Pamuk (born 1989), Azerbaijani international footballer

## Fictional characters

* Kemal Pamuk, a fictional character on the television show Downton Abbey

## Places

* Pamuk, Hungary, a village in Somogy county, Hungary
# Norman Bolton

Sir Horatio Norman Bolton KCIE CSI (1 February 1875 – 24 May 1965) was a British civil servant in British India. He twice served as the Chief Commissioner of the North-West Frontier Province from 1923 until 1925 and again from 1926 until 1930.
He was educated at Rossall School and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He entered the Indian Civil Service in 1897 and was sent to Punjab the next year. He spent nearly his entire career in Peshawar, and was serving as Chief Commissioner during the 1920 uprising of the Pashtuns under Abdul Ghaffar Khan. He returned to England in 1930 due to ill health. He retired the next year.
He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1916, a Commander of the Order of the Star of India in 1918 and knighted in the Order of the Indian Empire in 1926.
In 1911, he married Fanny Ethel Francis (née Mansfield), daughter of the late Captain James Charles Henry Mansfield. They had one daughter. He died in Depwade, Norfolk, aged 90.
# The Steam Room

The Steam Room is a United Kingdom reality television show hosted by Jo Guest and Michelle Marsh. The first season, hosted by Jo Guest was broadcast in autumn 2004 and the second was co-hosted by Michelle Marsh with Richard Alexander (September 2006 to January 2007). Both seasons were broadcast on the Men and Motors cable/satellite channel in the United Kingdom, operated by ITV.
# Panagar Assembly constituency

Panagar is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It is part of Jabalpur district and Jabalpur Lok Sabha constituency. As of 2023, it is represented by Susheel Kumar Tiwari of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 2003 | Moti Kashyap | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2008 | Narendra Tripathi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2013 | Sushil Kumar Tiwari | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2018 | Sushil Kumar Tiwari | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2023 | Sushil Kumar Tiwari | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2018

2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Panagar :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | BJP | Sushil Kumar Tiwari | |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| | BJP gain from | BJP gain from | Swing |
# North Hills Country Club

North Hills Country Club is a country club which was relocated in the 1960s to North Hills, New York, United States. The club was founded in 1927 at the current location of Douglaston Park.
The golf course in North Hills was designed by Robert Trent Jones in 1961.
# Pandanus aridus

Pandanus aridus is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Pandanaceae. It is native and endemic to Madagascar, found in fragmented locations in the southern third of the country. Pandanus aridus H. St. John is the accepted name, with a synonym of Pandanus toliarensis Huynh.

## Description

This is a many-stemmed shrub growing to about 7 m tall with stems about 4 cm in diameter. Plants have few, relatively short (20-30 cm) and narrow (2 cm) prop roots. Leaves are somewhat leathery, 16-20 mm wide and 35-45 cm long. They are dark green above and pale green below. Starting at about 2 cm from the base, the leave edges are armed with brown-tipped white teeth 2+mm long.

### Flowers and fruit

Plants are dioecious. Female flowers are borne in erect flower clusters at branch tips. Flower clusters develop into a single fruit (syncarp). Fruits are green, rounded and 5.5 to 6 cm in diameter.

## Distribution and habitat

Found in subarid forests and thicket in south and south-west Madagascar.

## Conservation Status

With 15 subpopulations in 12 locations and found in several protected areas, the species status is just above the “Threatened” threshold. Populations are however are fragmented and habitat loss is ongoing, so this species has been assessed as "Near Threatened". Threats include wildfire and clearing of native habitats for agriculture or mining as well as direct harvest for wood or charcoal production.

## Taxonomy

Pandanus aridus is a member of the section Mammillarisia. P. saxatilis Martelli is its closest relative. The specific epithet aridus is given in reference to the dry habitat of this species.
# Gentilly, Val-de-Marne

Gentilly (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is the closest commune to Paris, located 4.1 km (2.5 mi) from the city center.

## Name

The name Gentilly was recorded for the first time in the 6th century as Gentilly, a royal estate of some importance where coinage was minted. The etymology of the name seems to be "estate of Gentilius", a Gallo-Roman landowner. However, some other researchers think that the name is connected with Latin gentilis (meaning "gentile", "pagan", "foreigner") in reference to foreign goldsmiths who may have settled in Gentilly in the Early Middle Ages.

## History

On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighboring communes. On that occasion, about half of the commune of Gentilly was annexed to Paris, and forms now the neighborhoods of Maison-Blanche and Glacière, in the 13th arrondissement of Paris.
On 13 December 1896, about half of the remaining territory of Gentilly was detached and became the commune of Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, leaving Gentilly with about a quarter of its pre-1860 area.

## Culture

The photographer Robert Doisneau was born in Gentilly (14 April 1912). There is a Maison de la photographie Robert Doisneau, an international cultural center for humanist photography.

## Places of worship

There are two churches in Gentilly: the church of Saint-Saturnin, and the church of Sacré-Cœur de Gentilly. Saint-Saturnin welcomes all Christians, whereas the Sacré-Cœur de Gentilly is mainly a community for Portuguese Catholics.

## Transport

Gentilly is served by Gentilly station on Paris RER line .

## Education

Gentilly is served by:
* Four preschools: Jean Lurcat, Lamartine, Henri Barbusse, Victor Hugo, and Marie et Pierre Curie
* Four elementary schools: Lamartine, Henri Barbusse, Victor Hugo, and Gustave Courbet
* One junior high school: Collège Rosa Parks
* Two senior high schools:
** Lycée professionnel du Val-de-Bièvre
** Lycée intercommunal Darius Milhaud which is in Le Kremlin-Bicêtre

## Notable residents

* St. Eligius, also known as Éloi de Noyon or Saint Éloi (c. 588 - 1 December 660) is the patron saint of goldsmiths, metalworkers, coin collectors, horses, and those who work with them.
* Saint Martial, third-century monk and first bishop of Limoges.
* Pepin the Short (Pépin le Bref), eighth-century king of the Franks, son of Charles Martel, and father of Charlemagne.
* Blanche of Castile (1188–1252) is said to have owned a castle in Gentilly, the remains of which, chiefly underground vaults, still exist.
* Isaac de Benserade, author and playwright of the seventeenth century, lived in Gentilly and died there in 1691.
* Jacques Chapelle chemist and potter, director of the pottery works at Sceaux from 1748 to 1763, was born at Gentilly in 1721.
* Robert Doisneau, the photographer, was born at Gentilly in 1912.
* Sophie Marceau, the movie actress, born in 1966, lived in Gentilly.
* Raymond Gentilly.
# Pallikkal River

Pallickal (also known as Pallikkal River) is a river in Kerala, India. It rises from the lower foothills of the Western Ghats near Kodumon at an elevation less than +60 MSL, north-east of Adoor. The river has a length of 42 km with a drainage area of 220 square kilometres and falls into the Vattakayal Lake near Karunagappally.

## Course

The Pallickal River originates from the lower foothills of the Western Ghats near Kodumon, Pathanamthitta district. It initially flows through several towns towards the west. It passes through the towns of Adoor, Vadakkathukavu, Peringanad, Nellimukal, Nooranad, Pallickal, Sooranad, Pavumpa, Pavumpa-Churuli, Thodiyur, Vadakkumthala, Kuttivattom, Mynagapally, Karunagapally, Ayanivelikulangara and Kandathil. at reaching Ponmana near Karunagapally the river empties into the Arabian Sea through Ashtamudi Lake. The flow of Pallikkal River and Pavumpa stream together forming the Vattakayal Lake which is surrounded by Pavumpa, Pavumpa - Churuli, Pavumpa-Manappally and Thodiyur. Pavumpa-Churuli, one of the most beautiful places Karunagappaly is lying in between the Vattakkayal and Pallikal river (Pallikkalaru).
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