OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peter Gurney

Peter Gurney (9 March 1938 – 2 July 2006) was an English author and campaigner for the rights and welfare of guinea pigs. He was associated with the Cambridge Cavy Trust, founded by Vedra Stanley-Spatcher.
Starting in 1990, Gurney was a regular hospital visitor to Great Ormond Street Hospital with five of his guinea pigs. The children called him "The Guinea Pig Man".

## Biography

Born in Luton, Gurney attended Beech Hill Secondary Modern School. He was enlisted in the Royal Navy for his National Service, and drove buses and lorries for a living upon his discharge. At the age of 48 he bought his first guinea pig.
Early retirement after a serious accident which left Gurney unable to drive allowed him to devote his attention to guinea pig medicine. Veterinary training did not concentrate on small pets, and Gurney found this sufficient spur to confront and complain about the self-regulation of the veterinary profession and highlight its lack of knowledge in the area.
In 1992 Gurney wrote his first book, The Proper Care of Guinea Pigs, during recovery from kidney cancer. During this period, Michael Bond, best known for his Paddington Bear books, met Gurney and encouraged him in his work and writing.

## Cancer

In 1992 he was diagnosed with kidney cancer, and, during his initial recovery, wrote his first book, The Proper Care of Guinea Pigs, taking all the photographs himself. Gurney wrote a number of other books, including The Sex Life of the Guinea Pig, which he promoted on a tour of the United States.
When Great Ormond St Hospital told him that guinea pigs were no longer welcome for health and safety reasons, Gurney complained "[T]hat bunch of control freaks in government took this away from me."
In 2006 he was advised that his cancer had returned and was incurable. He made arrangements to find new homes for his guinea pigs, 40 of whom survived him, before his death at age 68. His final book, Last of Their Kind, was released posthumously in April 2007.

## Books

Gurney wrote several books on the health, care and welfare of guinea pigs. He toured the US to promote The Sex Life of Guinea Pigs.
* Gurney, Peter. Piggy Potions: Natural Remedies for Guinea Pigs. ISBN 1-85279-004-0.
* Gurney, Peter. The Sex Life of Guinea Pigs. ISBN 1-85279-133-0.
* Gurney, Peter. The Proper Care of Guinea Pigs. ISBN 0-7938-3151-2.
* Gurney, Peter. What's My Guinea Pig?. ISBN 1-85279-034-2.
* Gurney, Peter (April 2007). Last of Their Kind. Diggory Press. ISBN 978-1-84685-657-0.
# Peter Gustaf Tengmalm

Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (29 June 1754 – 27 August 1803) was a Swedish physician and naturalist.
Tengmalm was born in Stockholm and studied medicine at Uppsala University. He spent his spare time studying birds and became an accomplished taxidermist. He graduated in 1785 and moved to the town of Eskilstuna, where he worked as the provincial medical officer. In 1792 he travelled to Scotland and England, meeting other naturalists including Joseph Banks, and returning to Stockholm in the following year.
Tengmalm then became medical officer for Västmanland. He contributed papers on both medicine and ornithology to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, becoming a member in 1797. He died of dysentery, which he caught from his patients during an epidemic.
Tengmalm was interested in owls and improved upon Linnaeus' owl classification in a paper to the Academy of Sciences. Johann Friedrich Gmelin named an owl after him in 1788 (Strix tengmalmi) in the mistaken belief that Tengmalm had been the first to describe it. It has since been renamed Aegolius funereus, but the common name, Tengmalm's owl, persists.
# Petrophila alvealis

Petrophila alvealis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875. It is found in Amazonas, Brazil.
# Stephen Wade (disambiguation)

Stephen Wade is an Australian politician.
Stephen Wade may also refer to:
* Stephen Wade (musician) (born 1953), folk musician
* Stephen Wade (executioner) (1887–1956), British hangman
# Steve Colyer

Steven Edward Colyer (born February 22, 1979) is a retired Major League Baseball relief pitcher. Colyer most recently played for the Atlanta Braves. He attended Meramec Community College and was drafted in the 2nd round of the 1997 Major League Baseball draft by the Los Angeles Dodgers. He has also played for the Detroit Tigers.
# Steve Comer

Steve Comer is a former leader of the Liberal Democrats on Bristol City Council in Bristol, England. He was Councillor for Eastville ward from 2005 to 2013, having previously served as Councillor for the adjacent Easton ward (1983-7). He lost by a single vote to a Labour candidate in 2013.

## Background

Comer was born in Bristol, but has lived in a number of places, mostly in the south west of the UK. He is employed as a civil servant, and first became active in politics as a teenager, joining the Liberal Party at 18.
Comer is an active trade unionist, and is a member of the PCS Democrats group, formerly on the national executive of the PCS Union, to which he was first elected in 2000. He has been a union representative at local, regional and national level since 1989 in a variety of negotiating posts.

## Politics

At the 2005 elections, the Liberal Democrat party became the largest party and took minority control of the Council. Comer joined the new cabinet team on the council, and was elected deputy leader in 2006. In May 2007 he replaced Barbara Janke as leader of the party, and was expected to become leader of the Council but was blocked by a combined Conservative and Labour vote, who installed a Labour leader instead.
At a Council meeting in May 2007 Comer proposed the establishment of a select committee on prostitution. Labour and the Conservatives blocked the proposal, saying the council lacked the funding or the staff who could be dedicated solely to such a specific problem.
In 2013 Comer lost by a single vote in a very close election that saw the Labour Party complain that he was being racist in pointing out that the Labour candidate was from Scotland and had no connection with Eastville.
# Stephen Haliczer

Stephen Haliczer is an American historian of Spain, Italy, and the Catholic Church during the Early Modern era. He is a professor of history at Northern Illinois University. Haliczer's undergraduate work was done at Bard College and his graduate work at St. Andrews University. His study of Early Modern Spain has received praise from a variety of other historians, such as Joseph Pérez. In his books, Haliczer holds to the structural functionalist school of historical thought.
In 2006, he released an educational board game Vatican: Unlock the Secrets of How Men Become Pope. Based on his research, the game attempts to show the process of selecting a Pope as players first maneuver for position, then vie to be named the new Pope upon the previous Pope's death.

## Works

Books:
* The Castilian Urban Patriciate and the Jewish Expulsions of 1480-92. Washington, D.C.: American Historical Society. 1973.
* The Comuneros of Castile: The Forging of a Revolution, 1475-1521. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. 1981. ISBN 0-299-08500-7.
* Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London, U. K.: Croom Helm. 1986.
* Inquisition and Society in the Kingdom of Valencia, 1478-1834. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. 1990.
* Sexuality in the Confessional: A Sacrament Profaned. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 1996.
* The Jews of Spain and the Expulsion of 1492. Lancaster, Calif.: Labyrinthos. 1997. (with coauthor Moshe Lazar)
* Between Exaltation and Infamy: Female Mystics in the Golden Age of Spain. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2002.
The books concerning the history of Spain have had Spanish-language editions published. Haliczer has written a variety of articles in journals as well.
# Stephen Hales (disambiguation)

Stephen Hales (1677–1761) was a clergyman and scientist.
Stephen Hales may also refer to:
* Stephen Hales (MP for Norfolk) (died 1394/5), MP for Norfolk
* Stephen Hales (died 1574), MP for Leicester
# Steve Sedgwick (journalist)

Steve Sedgwick is an English financial journalist for CNBC Europe in London. He presents CNBC Europe's breakfast news programme Squawk Box Europe. He is also CNBC's OPEC reporter.

## Biography

Steve studied politics at the University of London. He also studied journalism at the National Council for Training Journalists.
Before his career in journalism, Steve spent 11 years trading in the financial markets, specialising in equity and bond market derivative products. In 1988, he joined Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein (formerly Kleinwort Benson Securities) and worked as an equity option market-maker before moving on to Credit Lyonnais where he became Head of the London option market-making team on LIFFE.
Steve's journalism career began at the UK Press Association on the City desk and at Dow Jones on the European Markets desk. He was also a contributor to the Wall Street Journal Europe.
Steve then joined CNBC Europe, initially presenting early morning programming, most recently Capital Connection, before he became a co-presenter of Squawk Box Europe in 2008.
# Peter Kogge

Peter Michael Kogge is an American computer engineer and IBM Fellow.

## Background

Kogge has been at the forefront of several innovations that have shaped the computing industry over the past three decades. While working on his PhD at Stanford in the 1970s, Kogge invented what is still today considered the fastest way of adding numbers in a computer, the Kogge–Stone Adder process, an approach still used in microprocessors by Intel and other companies.
After receiving his degree, Kogge joined the computer engineering team at IBM. During his time there, he was a co-inventor on over three dozen patents. His design of the Space Shuttle I/O processor at IBM was one of the first multithreaded computers, and the first to fly in space.

## Contributions

Peter was the author of the first textbook on pipelining, a now ubiquitous technique for executing multiple instructions in a computer in parallel. At IBM, Kogge was also the inventor of the world's first multi-core processor, EXECUBE, which Kogge and his team placed on a memory chip in an early effort to solve the data bottleneck problem that Emu is solving today.
In 1994, Kogge joined the University of Notre Dame as a faculty member, the Ted H. McCourtney Professor of Computer Science and Engineering. He received the IEEE Computer Society Charles Babbage Award in 2014.
# Peter Kofod (politician)

Peter Kofod Hristov (born 27 February 1990) is a Danish politician who was elected as a Member of the European Parliament in 2019. He served in the Folketing from June 2015 to June 2019.
During his term in the Folketing, he represented the Danish People's Party (DPP). As of July 2019, the DPP is on the parliamentary group Identity and Democracy. At the 2022 general election, he was once again elected a member of the Folketing.

## Biography

Born in Snogebæk on Bornholm and as the son of a blacksmith and nurse, Peter Kofod graduated from the Signal Regiment in 2010 and later worked as a primary school teacher in Haderslev. He was a city councillor in Haderslev Municipality beginning in 2014, and was in the regional council for Southern Denmark from 2014–2015.
He adopted the surname Hristov when he married his wife Vasileva in 2018 but did not use the name in political contexts. At the 2022 general election, Kofod was once again elected a member of the Folketing with 3,887 person votes in South Jutland. On 10 November, it was announced that he and Vasileva had agreed to divorce.
# Peter John Allan

Peter John Allan (6 June 1825 – 21 October 1848) was a Canadian poet.

## Life

He was born at York, the son of Dr. Colin Allan, at one time chief medical officer of Halifax, Nova Scotia. His short life was mainly spent there and in Fredericton, New Brunswick, where his family moved on his father's retirement in 1836. Growing up in Fredericton, Peter John briefly attended King’s College but left before completing his degree.
For a time Allan studied law, but after the success of some published poems began to write full-time. Before his first book of verse was printed, he went down with fever, and died, after a brief illness, at the age of 23.

## Works

More than four years after Allan's death was published in London the Poetical Remains of Peter John Allan, Esq. (1853) with a biographical notice, edited by Henry Christmas. The memoir was by the poet's brother, James McGrigor Allan. Allan wrote mainly under Lord Byron's influence.
# Stepney baronets

The Stepney Baronetcy, of Prendergast in the County of Pembroke, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 24 November 1621 for John Stepney. His son, Sir John, the third Baronet represented Pembroke and Haverfordwest in Parliament. The latter's nephew, the fourth Baronet, married Justina, daughter of Sir Anthony van Dyck. Their only son, Sir Thomas, the fifth Baronet, sat as Member of Parliament for Carmarthenshire. Sir Thomas's great-grandson, Sir John, the eighth Baronet, represented Monmouth in Parliament and served as Envoy to Dresden and Berlin. The eighth Baronet never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, Sir Thomas, the ninth Baronet, on whose death in 1825 the baronetcy became extinct.
Catherine, Lady Stepney was the wife of the ninth and last Baronet. She was an author of works of fiction. The Victoria & Albert Museum has a bust of the London society hostess, Catherine, Lady Stepney, posing as Cleopatra.

## Stepney baronets, of Prendergast (1621)

* Sir John Stepney, 1st Baronet (c. 1581–1624)
* Sir Alban Stepney, 2nd Baronet (died c. 1628)
* Sir John Stepney, 3rd Baronet (died c. 1650)
* Sir John Stepney, 4th Baronet (c. 1632–c. 1681)
* Sir Thomas Stepney, 5th Baronet (c. 1668–1745)
* Sir John Stepney, 6th Baronet (1693–1748)
* Sir Thomas Stepney, 7th Baronet (1729–1772)
* Sir John Stepney, 8th Baronet (1743–1811)
* Sir Thomas Stepney, 9th Baronet (1760–1825)

## Extended family

Maria Justina Stepney, sister of the eighth and ninth Baronets, married Andrew Cowell. Their son John Cowell succeeded to the Stepney estates, assumed the additional surname of Stepney and was created a baronet in 1871 (see Cowell-Stepney baronets).
# Steve Lee (hunter)

Stephen Gary "Steve" Lee is an Australian country musician and gun rights activist. In 2009 he released his first music video, I Like Guns.

## Pro-gun activities

Lee is a pro-gun activist, having supported and spoken with the Shooters and Fishers Party leader Robert Borsak, and put forward many singles and statements regarding guns, gun laws, criminals and law-abiding gun owners.
Since 2009 he has been invited to the United States by the National Rifle Association of America, had his song "I Like Guns" featured in a video game, appeared in HBO's "Guns in America" and been interviewed nationally on A Current Affair. He has also released a DVD.
Lee was part of a 2014 episode of SBS Television series Living with the Enemy on hunting. Steve spent a week living at the headquarters of Animal Liberation Victoria witnessing a duck hunting protest, then vegan Felicity Andersen spent a week at Steve's home where she joined Lee and Robert Borsak on a feral pig hunt.

### Politics

Steve Lee was a Shooters and Fishers Party candidate for the New South Wales Legislative Council in 2011, and in 2015.

## Music

In 2009 Lee released his first music video, I Like Guns, which gained millions of views on his YouTube channel.

### Discography
#### I Like Guns

Tracks on I Like Guns include:
* I Like Guns (2:37)
* The Shoot Out (3:05)
* Time To Get A Gun (3:01)
* Pistol In My Hand (2:39)
* Devil's Right Hand (2:22)
* Gun Shy Dog (1:54)
* Rock Salt & Nails (4:43)
* I'll Give Up My Gun (4:11)
* Modern Day Bonnie & Clyde (4:25)
* Don't Take Your Guns To Town (4:08)
* 7 Shells (3:00)
* She Don't Like Guns (2:28)

#### Everybody Likes Guns

Tracklist for Everybody Likes Guns:
* Who Gave You The Right (2:58)
* Pistols And Rifles (3:59)
* Everybody Likes Guns (3:20)
* I’ve Shot Every Gun (2:41)
* I Cannot Shoot A Gun (3:48)
* Gonna Buy Me A Gun (3:01)
* Lucky Country (4:08)
* I Won't Back Down (3:18)
* Huntin’ Fool (3:12)
* Life Is Good (Hickok 45 Song) (3:18)
* A Trigger To Pull (3:32)
* There's A Gun In The Kitchen (3:38)
# Peterodendron

Peterodendron is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Achariaceae. The only species is Peterodendron ovatum.
It is native to Tanzania.
The genus name of Peterodendron is in honour of Gustav Albert Peter (1853–1937), a German botanist. The Latin specific epithet of ovatum means egg, it is derived from ovum. It was first described and published in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem Vol.13 on page 357 in 1936.
# Hamatastus

Hamatastus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Hamatastus conspectus Monné, 1985
* Hamatastus excelsus Monné, 1978
* Hamatastus fasciatus Gilmour, 1957
* Hamatastus lemniscatus Monné, 1985
* Hamatastus simillimus Monné, 1990
# Malcolm Plaw MacLeod

Lieutenant Malcolm Plaw MacLeod (1897–1960) was a Canadian flying ace. He was credited with seven aerial victories scored during the closing days of World War I. He then returned to Canada to complete his education and work as a stockbroker until World War II, when he served in the Royal Canadian Air Force for the war's duration.

## Early life

Malcolm Plaw MacLeod was born in the province of Ontario, Canada, on 24 January 1897. Two differing sources place his birthplace as approximately 60 miles (95 km) northwest of Ottawa, Ontario. Both Arnprior and Renfrew are named as his native town.
MacLeod attended Kimberley Public School from 1905 until 1910; in 1911, he began study at the newly established University of Toronto Schools, matriculating there until 1917. On 13 August 1917, young MacLeod was commissioned a temporary second lieutenant on probation in the Royal Flying Corps.

## World War I

Just over a year after his appointment as an officer, on 17 August 1918, MacLeod joined No. 41 Squadron of the newly formed Royal Air Force as a Royal Aircraft Factory SE.5a pilot. On 30 August at 1730 hours, he scored his first aerial victory, driving a Fokker D.VII down out of control southwest of Armentières, France.
His next victory came at 0725 hours on 7 October 1918, when he drove down another Fokker D.VII south of Lille, France. On 30 October, he destroyed two German aircraft–a Halberstadt two-seater at 1145 hours northwest of Béclers, Belgium, and a Fokker D.VII at 1600 hours north of Roeselare.
On 4 November, he became both a balloon buster and an ace. He and William Ernest Shields cooperated in destroying an observation balloon at Pipaix, Belgium, before MacLeod destroyed another at Baugnies for his sixth victory. Five days later, MacLeod drove a Fokker D.VII down out of control over Renaix, Belgium, for his final win.
MacLeod was awarded both a Distinguished Flying Cross and the Belgian Croix de Guerre for his valour.

## Post World War I

MacLeod was transferred to the unemployed list of the Royal Air Force on 12 March 1919, effectively ending his term of military service. His DFC was gazetted on 3 June 1919. On 15 July 1919, his Belgian Croix de guerre was also gazetted.
MacLeod returned to Canada, taking up studies at the University of Toronto later in 1919. He finished up in 1921. Nothing is known of his next few years; however, he became a stockbroker in 1927 and followed that profession until his re-entry into service for World War II.
From 1937 through 1960, he was managing director of Saunders-Roe.
On 4 April 1941, he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force as a pilot officer. He served in various training commands of the RCAF within Canada until he was discharged on 20 September 1945. He rose to the rank of flight lieutenant during his service.
Malcolm Plaw MacLeod died at Sunnybrook Hospital in Toronto on 22 February 1960, and was buried at Mount Pleasant Cemetery.
# Tursan

Tursan (French pronunciation:), first a Vin délimité de qualité supérieure (VDQS) for wine in South West France since 1958 (decree of 11 July 1958, last modified 26 February 2003), has been granted AOC status in 2011.

## Presentation

Its production zone covers potentially 4,000 hectares (although less than 500 hectares of it is covered by vineyards). It lies 35 km south-east of Mont-de-Marsan and covers 39 communes of the département Landes, 2 communes of Gers, and the area of Adour, between the Landes and Béarn.
It can be produced as white, rosé or red wine.
* Red Tursan is produced with Tannat (40% maximum), Cabernet franc and Cabernet sauvignon.
* White Tursan is composed of Baroque (30 to 90%), de Gros manseng and Sauvignon blanc (roughly 10%).
* Rosé Tursan is based on Cabernet franc and Cabernet sauvignon.

## Production area

In Landes:
* Aire-sur-l'Adour, Bahus-Soubiran, Buanes, Classun, Duhort-Bachen, Eugénie-les-Bains, Latrille, Renung, Saint-Agnet, Saint-Loubouer, Sarron and Vielle-Tursan.
* Arboucave, Bats, Castelnau-Tursan, Clèdes, Geaune, Lauret, Lacajunte, Mauries, Miramont-Sensacq, Pimbo, Pécorade, Payros-Cazautets, Philondenx, Puyol-Cazalet, Samadet, Sorbets and Urgons.
* Cazères-sur-l'Adour, Larrivière.
* Aubagnan, Serres-Gaston.
* Coudures, Eyres-Moncube (the east part of the Gabas valley), Fargues, Montgaillard, Montsoué, Sarraziet.
In Gers:
* Lannux and Ségos.
# Marie Payet

Marie Payet (born 17 August 1992 in Réunion) is a French singer, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Réunion 2011 and second runner-up in Miss France 2012, behind Delphine Wespiser. She went on to place in the top ten in Miss Universe 2012.

## Pageantry
### Miss Reunion

Payet was crowned Miss Reunion on 16 July 2011. She succeeded Florence Arginthe. She was automatically qualified for the Miss France 2012 pageant.

### Miss France

Delphine Wespiser, Miss Alsace 2011, was crowned Miss France 2012, and subsequently competed in Miss World 2012. Marie —Miss Reunion 2011—placed as 2nd runner-up, earning the right to represent France in Miss Universe 2012 in Las Vegas, USA, on 19 December.

### Miss Universe

Marie Payet finished in the top 10 at Miss Universe 2012.

## Career

On 12 November 2013 Marie Payet participated at the third season of The Voice's Blind Auditions (French version).
On 1 February 2014 Marie performed This Love (Maroon 5). Unfortunately, none of the coaches chose her.

## Discography

Marie Payet's first passion is music. During her reign as Miss Reunion 2011, a famous Reunionese singer called Bernard Joron, leader of the group Ousanousava, write a song for her. This song entitled 'Fleur Créole' is about the beauty of Métis women.

### Single

* 2012 : Fleur Créole
# Traces (song)

"Traces" is a 1968 song by the American rock band Classics IV. Released as a single in January 1969, the cut served as the title track off the album of the same name. Written by Buddy Buie, J. R. Cobb, and Emory Gordy Jr., the song peaked at No. 2 on 29 March 1969 on the Hot 100, as well as No. 2 on the Easy Listening music charts, making it the highest-charting single by the Classics IV.
"Traces" was listed at 32 in BMI's Top 100 Songs of the Century.

## Chart history

| Chart (1969) | Peak position |
| Canada RPM 100 | 2 |
| Canada RPM Adult Contemporary | 1 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 2 |
| U.S. Billboard Easy Listening | 2 |

## Cover versions

* Jane Morgan, on her 1969 LP of the same name, as well as releasing it as a single that same year.
* "Traces" is the opening track on Bert Kaempfert & His Orchestra's album Traces of Love (1969).
* The Lettermen recorded it as a part of a medley, which also featured the song "Memories" (1969).
* Mel Torme (1969), on the album Rains Drops Keep Falling on my Head.
* Andre Kostelanetz recorded an instrumental version on a 1969 album of the same name.
* Soul singer Billy Paul, on his 1970 album Ebony Woman.
* Liberace (instrumental) on his 1970 album A Brand New Me.
* Harry James on his 1976 album The King James Version (Sheffield Lab LAB 3).
* Gloria Estefan covered the song in 1994.
* Guilherme Arantes recorded "Traces" in 1995.