OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luigi Ruzini

Luigi Ruzini (1658–1708) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Bergamo (1698–1708).

## Biography

Luigi Ruzini was born in Venice, Italy on 23 Apr 1658. He was ordained a deacon on 2 Dec 1696 and as priest on 9 Dec 1696. On 27 Jan 1698, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent XII as Bishop of Bergamo. On 2 Feb 1698, he was consecrated bishop by Marcantonio Barbarigo, Bishop of Corneto e Montefiascone, with Francesco Pannocchieschi d'Elci, Archbishop of Pisa, and Marcello d'Aste, Titular Archbishop of Athenae, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Bergamo until his death on 18 Mar 1708.
While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of Pietro Spínola, Bishop of Ajaccio (1698).
# Lutetia 4.C.02

The Lutetia 4.C.02 was a small V-4 two-stroke engine designed soon after World War II and intended to power light aircraft.

## Design and development

Marcel Echard was an engine designer with a lifetime interest in two-strokes. His first such engine was built in 1911 and he began work on the 4.C.02 in 1949. By 1953 this engine had achieved its homologation and had been test-flown on a Jodel D.9. The Briffaud GB-6 is the only known application, a one-off aircraft with a short life, though not because of its engine.
Unusually for a two-stroke, the fuel/air mixture was compressed externally rather than in the crankcase.

## Applications

* Briffaud GB-6

## Specifications

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1953-54

### General characteristics

* Type: air-cooled, 90° V-4 two-stroke engine
* Bore: 76 mm (3.0 in)
* Stroke: 70 mm (2.8 in)
* Displacement: 1.267 L (77.32 cu in)
* Length: 647.5 mm (25.49 in)
* Width: 494 mm (19.4 in)
* Height: 518 mm (20.4 in)
* Dry weight: 46 kg (101 lb)

### Components

* Fuel system: standard carburettor followed by compressor injection into cylinders; no crankcase compression.
* Oil system: pressure fed from finned sump by internal pump
* Cooling system: air; heads cast in finned pairs
* Ignition system: twin magnetos, two plugs/cylinder

### Performance

* Power output: take-off and maximum continuous, 33 kW (44 hp) at 2,800 rpm; cruise, 23 kW (31 hp) at 2,500 rpm; cruise
* Compression ratio: 7.2
* Fuel consumption: 377 gm/kW/hr (0.535 lb/hp/hr)
# Luo Wang-zhe

Luo Wang-zhe (Traditional Chinese：羅旺哲，December 25, 1987—) is a Taiwanese political figure of journalist background. He is an independent politician who graduated from the Graduate Institute of Journalism at Chinese Culture University. He previously served as a senior reporter for the Eastern Broadcasting Company News and as the spokesperson for the Taipei City Government. In February 2023, he took office but resigned from his position as the spokesperson of the Taipei City Government less than two months into his tenure.
# Lynn Tigers

The Lynn Tigers were a minor league baseball team based in Lynn, Massachusetts, that existed for only one season, 1949. They played in the New England League and were affiliated with the Detroit Tigers. Under managers Thomas Kennedy and Charles Webb, they went 29–47 in their only year of existence; they withdrew from the league on July 19.
# Lycomorphodes heringi

Lycomorphodes heringi is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Reich in 1933. It is found in Brazil.
# Lyall Woznesensky

Lyall Woznesensky (born April 4, 1953) is a former Canadian football defensive lineman who played eight seasons in the Canadian Football League for six different teams. In 2006, he became the defensive co-ordinator for the football program at John Barsby Community School in Nanaimo, British Columbia.
Woznesensky played college football for the Simon Fraser Clan.
# Lyle Craker

Lyle E. Craker was a Professor in the Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Since 2001, Craker has been trying to obtain a permit from the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to grow marijuana for research purposes. He died in May 2022.

## Education

In 1963, Craker received a B.S. degree in agronomy from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. In 1967 he received a Ph.D. in agronomy and plant genetics with a specialty in plant physiology from the University of Minnesota. In 1976 he received an associate degree in business administration from Massachusetts Bay Community College.

## Marijuana studies

Craker is known for proposing that medical grade marijuana be available for scientific studies into its possible health benefits. Since the marijuana available for studies is too weak for any kind of medical study, he proposed that medical grade marijuanna be made available for research purposes. He has been named in many newspapers on this subject. The federal government refuses to give him a license to grow medical grade marijuana. On April 29, 2009, Senators Edward M. Kennedy and John F. Kerry wrote a letter to the Honorable David W. Ogden urging the Deputy Attorney General to delay a final decision on the application by Lyle E. Craker of the University of Massachusetts Amherst to produce research-grade marijuana for use in federally approved clinical trials
# Lupinus arizonicus

Lupinus arizonicus, the Arizona lupine, is a flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae, native to the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of North America, where it can be found growing in open places and sandy washes below 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) elevation. It is common around Joshua Tree National Park and Death Valley National Park in California.

## Description

It is an annual plant growing to 10–50 centimetres (3.9–19.7 in) in height. The leaves are palmately compound with 6–10 leaflets, each leaflet 1–4 centimetres (0.39–1.57 in) long and 5–10 millimetres (0.20–0.39 in) broad, on a 2.5–7 centimetres (0.98–2.76 in) long petiole. The flowers are magenta to dark pink, 7–10 mm long, with 20–50 or more flowers in a tall spike. It is a host of the moth species, Helicoverpa zea.
# Lupinus arcticus

Lupinus arcticus is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names Arctic lupine or subalpine lupine. It is native to northwestern North America, where it occurs from Oregon north to Alaska and east to Nunavut. It is a common wildflower in British Columbia.
This is a perennial herb growing from a taproot and producing an erect stem up to 50 centimeters tall. The dark green, hairy leaves are borne upon rough, hairy petioles up to 17 centimeters long. The leaves are palmately compound, made up of 3 to 9 leaflets each measuring up to 6 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a raceme up to 15 centimeters long bearing up to 30 flowers. The flowers are usually blue, sometimes purple, and occasionally white. The banners of the pealike flowers may be tinged with pink. The fruit is a hairy, greenish to blackish legume pod 2 or 3 centimeters long. It contains up to 10 white-speckled black seeds each about half a centimeter long. The plant may hybridize with other lupine species when they grow together.
This plant grows in several types of habitat, including fields of sedge and moss, alpine regions, and the hills of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. It grows on tundra and in moist and wet substrates.
This species has been the topic of some biological research. In 1967, it caused a stir when the seeds of this species were discovered in ancient lemming burrows dating back to the Pleistocene; the seeds were germinated and they produced plants, causing them to be declared the oldest viable seeds ever discovered. In 2009, a follow-up article detailed how radiocarbon dating was used to determine that the seeds were, in fact, just a few years old at the time of their discovery, and had probably fallen into the burrows not long before.
The plant contains a neurotoxin called sparteine, possibly as a deterrent to herbivores such as the snowshoe hare. The levels of sparteine in the leaves cycle, becoming higher at night, when herbivory is more likely to occur. In addition to the hare, species of ground squirrel have been known to feed on the plant.
# Lynwinn, West Virginia

Lynwinn is an unincorporated community and coal town located in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States.
# Lyman Fessenden Walker

Lyman Fessenden Walker (1836–1920) was an American shipwright during a prolific period at Yarmouth Harbor in Maine. His shipyard was one of the four major ones during the town's peak years of 1850–1875. His shipyard launched forty vessels of all sizes.

## Early life

Walker was born in 1836, to Lyman Walker and Louisa Merchant.

## Career

After beginning as a shipwright, in 1841 he was recognized as a master builder.

## Death

Walker died in 1920, aged 83 or 84.
# Lyn Hamilton

Lyn Elizabeth Hamilton (August 6, 1944 – September 10, 2009) was a Canadian author of archaeological mystery novels.
Born to John Hamilton, a lawyer and politician, and Gwen, a librarian, Lyn Hamilton grew up in Etobicoke, Ontario, and was educated at the University of Toronto. She worked in communications in the public service and private companies before publishing her first novel at the age of 50. She had been director of Cultural Programs Branch for the province of Ontario and director of public affairs for the Canadian Opera Company. Later, Hamilton taught mystery writing for the School for Continuing Studies of the University of Toronto and served as writer-in-residence for libraries in North York and Kitchener.

## Death

She died on September 10, 2009, from cancer, aged 65.
# Léonce Angrand

Léonce Angrand (8 August 1808 - 11 January 1886) was a French painter and draughtsman. While serving as vice-consul in Lima, Angrand "Produced albums of watercolours and drawings of cities such as Arica, Arequipa, Lima, Cuzco, Ollantaytambo, Urubamba and Tacna". According to the National Library of France, Agrand served as Consul to Edinburgh 1832–1839, and to different locations in Latin America from 1839 to 1842 and 1845 to 1856.
# László Göncz

László Göncz (born 13 April 1960) is a Hungarian historian and politician in Slovenia. He is currently serving in the National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia as the official representative of the Hungarian national community in Slovenia.
He was born in Murska Sobota, then part of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia in former Yugoslavia. He spent his childhood in the bilingual border town of Lendava, where he attended elementary school. He studied history at the University of Pécs in Hungary. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, he worked as a historian and cultural activist of the Hungarian minority in the region of Prekmurje. In the Slovenian parliamentary election of 2008, he was elected to the Slovenian National Assembly in the 9th electoral unit, reserved for registered members of the Hungarian minority in Slovenia, defeating the incumbent candidate Mária Pozsonec who had served as the representative of the Hungarian minority in the Slovenian Parliament for the past 18 years. On 4 December 2011, he defeated Dušan Orban in 2011 Slovenian parliamentary election.
# László Gálffi

László Gálffi (born 16 November 1952) is a Hungarian actor. He was born in Budapest.
One of his better known roles is that of King Ludwig II of Bavaria in Tony Palmer's epic film production of Wagner, in which Galffi acted alongside Richard Burton, John Gielgud, Ralph Richardson, Laurence Olivier and Vanessa Redgrave.
He played the part of Frédéric Chopin in the 1982 Hungarian TV film Liszt Ferenc, about the life of Franz Liszt. Galffi also plays Rossa in the 1999 film, Sunshine, also starring Ralph Fiennes.
# Ventilla Airport

Ventilla Airport (ICAO: SLTL) is a high-elevation airport serving the San Cristóbal silver mine and its supporting town in the Potosí Department of Bolivia. San Cristóbal is within the Bolivian Altiplano, and there is high terrain north and south of the runway.
# Varaz-Tiridates II

Varaz-Trdat II was the last Mihranid king of Caucasian Albania from 800 to 812/822 and the son of the previous ruler Stephanos I.

## Life

After the death of his father in 800, he becomes the new ruler of the Gardman region and the northern part of Caucasian Albania. He continued to rely on an alliance with the Khazar Khaganate, which controlled the Derbent region. In alliance with the Khazars and Armenian princes he opposed the Caliphate.
Movses Kaghankatvatsi in the History of the Caucasian Albanians reports that he was killed and describes the incident: "In the same year the lord Narseh P'ifippean slew Varaz-Trdat and slaughtered his son on his mother's breast, stealing all his possessions. This Varaz-Trdat was of the Mihrakan family which inherited Albania from father to son. He was the eighth ruler after Varaz-Grigor, the first prince of Albania".
Varaz-Tiridates’ widow, however, succeeded in fleeing to Artsalkh with her daughter Sparama and there arranged a marriage between this daughter and Atrnerseh, prince of Khatchen, son of Sahl ibn Sunbat. Thus, Gardman was united with the principality of Khachen.
# Oberea curialis

Oberea curialis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1866. It is known from Borneo.
# Wolfgang Soergel

Wolfgang Soergel (born 12 June 1962 in Geneva) is a German mathematician, specializing in geometry and representation theory.

## Early life and education

Wolfgang Soergel is the son of the physicist Volker Soergel [de] and a grandson of the paleontologist Johannes Wolfgang Adolf Werner Soergel [de] (1887–1946).
Soergel received his Promotion (PhD) in 1988 from the University of Hamburg. His PhD dissertation Universelle versus relative Einhüllende: Eine geometrische Untersuchung von Quotienten von universellen Einhüllenden halbeinfacher Lie-Algebren (Universal versus relative envelopes: a geometric investigation of quotients of universal envelopes of semi-simple Lie algebras) was supervised by Jens Carsten Jantzen.

## Career

After postdoctoral positions at UC Berkeley, Harvard University, and MIT, Soergel completed his Habilitation at the University of Bonn in 1991. In 1994 he was appointed to a professorial chair at the University of Freiburg. He was an invited speaker at the 1994 International Congress of Mathematicians in Zurich. Since 2008 he has been a full member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
He is the author or coauthor of over 30 research articles. His research in representation theory has important applications to Kazhdan-Lusztig theory and Koszul duality. The category of Soergel bimodules is named in his honor.
His doctoral students include Peter Fiebig, Catharina Stroppel and Geordie Williamson.

## Selected publications

* Langlands’ Philosophy and Koszul Duality. In: I. Klaus W. Roggenkamp, Mirela Ștefănescu (ed.): Algebra – representation theory. (Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Algebra – Representation Theory, Constanta, Romania, 2–12 August 2000) (= NATO Science Series. Series 2: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. 28). Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht u. a. 2001, ISBN 0-7923-7113-5, pp. 379–414.
* with Alexander Beilinson, Victor Ginzburg: Koszul duality patterns in representation theory. In: Journal of the American Mathematical Society. vol. 9, no. 2, 1996, pp. 473–527, doi:10.1090/S0894-0347-96-00192-0.
* Gradings on Representation Categories. In: Srishti D. Chatterji (ed.): Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians. August 3–11, 1994, Zürich, Switzerland. vol. 2. Basel etc., Birkhäuser 1995, ISBN 3-7643-5153-5, pp. 800–806.
* with Henning H. Andersen, Jens C. Jantzen: Representations of quantum groups at a $p$-th root of unity and of semisimple groups in characteristic $p$: independence of $p$ (= Astérisque. 220, ISSN 0303-1179). Société Mathématique de France, Paris 1994.
* Kategorie 𝓞, perverse Garben, und Moduln über den Koinvarianten zur Weylgruppe. In: Journal of the American Mathematical Society. vol. 3, no. 2, 1990, pp. 421–445, doi:10.1090/S0894-0347-1990-1029692-5.
# Highland Secondary School (Dundas, Ontario)

Highland Secondary School was a high school in Dundas, Ontario that opened in 1966. The school was a member of the Hamilton-Wentworth District School Board, in Ward 13. Highland was originally conceived to be 25% Academic and 75% Vocational, but evolved into a fully comprehensive secondary school. Only 60% of Highland Secondary School students who graduated pursued post-secondary education, making Highland one of the lowest in the board. Highland Secondary was renamed Dundas Valley Secondary in June 2014, when nearby Parkside Secondary closed.

## Technological programs

Highland Secondary School offered five specialized technological programs that gave interested students training in a specific field of interest. The program fields were: Transportation, Construction, Precision Machining, Electronic Design, Communication – specialties in cabinet making, pneumatics, aviation.

## Program highlights

Highland Secondary School took part in the following programs:
* Variety of courses including: LDCC, Applied, Academic, Open, college, Workplace, university
* Award-winning arts program: Music, Art, Drama
* Yearbook – 2 credit course
* Student Success team of teachers to guide, mentor, and track all students
* Individual timetabling for students considered to be at risk
* Study Hall at lunch for Grade 9 and 10s
* In-class OSSLT preparation
* S.T.E.P. (Summer Transitions program for Grade 8 – 9)
* Caring Adult program

## Clubs and activities

Highland Secondary School offered the following clubs and activities:
* Jr. Concert Band, Concert Band, Symphonic Band, Sr. Jazz Band
* Badminton
* Curling
* Basketball
* Alpine Skiing and Snowboarding Teams
* Track and Field
* Baseball
* Golf
* Cross-Country
* Soccer
* Tennis
* Touch Football
* Volleyball
* Football (male)
* Waterpolo
* Hockey
* Indoor Track
* Councils (Student, Grad, Music, Visual Arts, Boys’ Athletics, Girls’ Athletics)
* HAVEN (social justice) / WAC (World Awareness)
* Highland Writers' Guild / Drama Student Federation
* Leadership Camp / DECA
* Feel the Power, Feel the Fit (Girls’ Fitness)
* Library / Chess / Model Building / Philosophy/ Sound & Light / Anime
* Knitting
* Cancer Awareness
* Friends of Diversity
* Dance Team
* GLOW
* Roseberry's Board Games Club
# Philip Klapwijk

Philip Klapwijk is an economist in precious metals commodities markets.
After studies at the London School of Economics and the College of Europe in Bruges where he obtained degrees in economics, he started work as an analyst with Gold Fields Mineral Services (now GFMS). Following the management buyout of GFMS in 1988 with Paul Walker and Hester le Roux he became Executive Chairman and Global Head of Metals Analytics. In 2011 GFMS became part of Thomson Reuters.
After leaving GFMS Philip Klapwijk became Managing Director of Precious Metals Insights Limited, a Hong Kong–based precious metals consultancy company. In the 2009 London bullion market LBMA Forecast Philip Klapwijk was awarded the prizes for the year's most accurate economic forecaster for both gold and silver prices and was the LBMA first prize winner for most accurate platinum forecast for 2014.
# Tan Kim Seng Fountain

The Tan Kim Seng Fountain is a fountain in Singapore that was erected in 1882 in honor of notable philanthropist Tan Kim Seng for his donations for the Singapore's first reservoir and waterworks.

## History

The erection of the Tan Kim Seng Fountain by the British Colonial Government was in response to Tan's donation of $130,050 to the government for the construction of Singapore's Castle. The Tan Kim Seng Fountain was erected by the Municipal Commissioners to commemorate Tan's donation. However, his donation was squandered away by the Government Engineer, who hoped to make water run uphill through water pipes. In 1882, possibly out of shame and to mark the British colonial government's appreciation, the fountain was installed at Fullerton Square to perpetuate his name, where it would grace the busy traffic intersection for four decades.
The fountain was made by Andrew Handyside and Company from England, and officially unveiled on 19 May 1882. The fountain was moved to Battery Road in 1905 and later in 1925 to the Esplanade, while the Fullerton Building was being constructed, where it currently stands. In January 1994, it was shut down for repairs that lasted seven months. As part of this S$1.12-million restoration project, the 7m-high cast-iron fountain was also rust-proofed and a new foundation was built. On 28 December 2010, the Tan Kim Seng Fountain was gazetted as a national monument. It currently sits alongside other monuments such as the Lim Bo Seng Memorial and Cenotaph at the Esplanade Park.

## Design and appearance

The Victorian-style iron fountain has three tiers and is decorated with classical figures. The exquisite fountain features four Muses – Greek goddesses of science, literature, and the arts – in its lower bowl, each bearing an object of her patronage. Calliope, the Muse of Epic Poetry, carries a writing tablet; Clio, the Muse of History, carries a scroll; Erato, the Muse of Lyric Poetry, carries a lyre; and Melpomene, the Muse of Tragedy, carries a wreath. Beneath the sculptures of the Muses are four faces of Poseidon, the God of the Sea according to Greek mythology, each spouting water. The fountain bears close resemblance to the Carriedo Fountain in Manila, which also dates from 1882, and was possibly manufactured by the same founder.
# Sacred Conversation (disambiguation)

Sacred conversation is a genre developed in Italian Renaissance painting.
Sacred Conversation may also refer to:
* Madonna and Child with Saint Catherine and Saint Mary Magdalene, by Giovanni Bellini (c. 1490), now in the Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice
* Madonna and Child with Saint Mary Magdalene and Saint Ursula, by Giovanni Bellini (1490), now in the Museo del Prado, Madrid
* Sacred Conversation (Bellini, Madrid, 1505–1510), by Giovanni Bellini, now in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid