OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The San Francisco Docks

The San Francisco Docks is a 1940 American crime drama film directed by Arthur Lubin and starring Burgess Meredith, Barry Fitzgerald, and Irene Hervey.

## Plot

When his sweetheart, barmaid Kitty Tracy, is annoyed by a customer, longshoreman Johnny Barnes slugs the guy. The man is later found dead. Johnny is tried for murder and convicted.
Kitty and a priest, Father Cameron, believe in Johnny's innocence and search for a way to exonerate him. They discover that Monte March, a prisoner who has escaped Alcatraz prison, is the real killer, being helped by wife Frances in fleeing from the law. March is apprehended and Johnny's set free.
The movie is noteworthy in that featured a fight scene between two of the actresses, Esther Ralston and Irene Hervey. Both women told director Arthur Lubin that they did not want to have stunt doubles perform the fight scene, described by press accounts as a "... whirlwind fistfight... said to overshadow the most hectic feminine movie battles seen in recent motion pictures." Hervey later described the fight as a "...terrific battle between me and Esther Ralston—with hair-pulling, kicking, the works."

## Cast

* Burgess Meredith as Johnny Barnes
* Irene Hervey as Kitty Tracy
* Barry Fitzgerald as Icky
* Robert Armstrong as Father Cameron
* Raymond Walburn as Admiral Andy
* Esther Ralston as Frances
* Edward Pawley as Monte March

## Production

In May 1940 Universal announced the film as part of its schedule for the following year. On September 20 the studio said Meredith would star alongside Irene Harvey and Barry Fitzgerald, with Arthur Lubin to direct. The film was shot in eleven days.

## Reception

The New York Times called it "routine... a lot of melodramatic foolishness."
# Stenoma graphica

Stenoma graphica is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by August Busck in 1920. It is found in Costa Rica.
The wingspan is about 23 mm. The forewings are dark olive brown with the costal edge and apical part of the terminal edge broadly light ochreous nearly white, strongly contrasting with the dark wing. There is a small ochreous white tornal area with concolorous cilia. The middle part of the terminal cilia is dark brown concolorous with the wing. The hindwings are light brown with the extreme apex ochreous white. There is a flat projecting costal scale tuft at the apical fourth.
# Sorrell, Virginia

Sorrell is an unincorporated community in Caroline County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.
# Strong inference

In philosophy of science, strong inference is a model of scientific inquiry that emphasizes the need for alternative hypotheses, rather than a single hypothesis to avoid confirmation bias.
The term "strong inference" was coined by John R. Platt, a biophysicist at the University of Chicago. Platt notes that some fields, such as molecular biology and high-energy physics, seem to adhere strongly to strong inference, with very beneficial results for the rate of progress in those fields.

## The single hypothesis problem

The problem with single hypotheses, confirmation bias, was aptly described by Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin in 1897:
   The moment one has offered an original explanation for a phenomenon which seems satisfactory, that moment affection for [one’s] intellectual child springs into existence, and as the explanation grows into a definite theory [one’s] parental affections cluster about [the] offspring and it grows more and more dear .... There springs up also unwittingly a pressing of the theory to make it fit the facts and a pressing of the facts to make them fit the theory...
   The temptation to misinterpret results that contradict the desired hypothesis is probably irresistible.
Despite the admonitions of Platt, reviewers of grant-applications often require "A Hypothesis" as part of the proposal (note the singular). Peer-review of research can help avoid the mistakes of single-hypotheses, but only so long as the reviewers are not in the thrall of the same hypothesis. If there is a shared enthrallment among the reviewers in a commonly believed hypothesis, then innovation becomes difficult because alternative hypotheses are not seriously considered, and sometimes not even permitted.

## Strong Inference

The method, very similar to the scientific method, is described as:
* Devising alternative hypotheses;
* Devising a crucial experiment (or several of them), with alternative possible outcomes, each of which will, as nearly as possible, exclude one or more of the hypotheses;
* Carrying out the experiment(s) so as to get a clean result;
* Recycling the procedure, making subhypotheses or sequential hypotheses to refine the possibilities that remain, and so on.
The methods of Grey system theory effectively entertain strong inference. In such methods, the first step is the nullification of the single hypothesis by assuming that the true information of the system under study is only partially known.

## Criticisms

The original paper outlining strong inference has been criticized, particularly for overstating the degree that certain fields used this method.

## Strong inference plus

The limitations of Strong-Inference can be corrected by having two preceding phases:
* An exploratory phase: at this point information is inadequate so observations are chosen randomly or intuitively or based on scientific creativity.
* A pilot phase: in this phase statistical power is determined by replicating experiments under identical experimental conditions.
These phases create the critical seed observation (s) upon which one can base alternative hypotheses.
# Sorrel (disambiguation)

Sorrel, Rumex acetosa, is a perennial herb cultivated as a leaf vegetable.
Sorrel may also refer to:

## Plants

* Averrhoa bilimbi or tree sorrel, a fruit-bearing tree
* Oxalidaceae, family of plants known as the woodsorrel family
* Oxalis, largest genus in the Oxalidaceae, known as woodsorrels, particularly:
** Oxalis enneaphylla, scurvy-grass sorrel
** Oxalis oregana, redwood sorrel
* Oxyria digyna, alpine sorrel or mountain sorrel
* Roselle (plant) (Hibiscus sabdariffa), known as Jamaican sorrel, and in the Caribbean simply as "sorrel"
* Rumex, genus of plants containing species known as sorrels, particularly:
** Rumex acetosella, sheep's sorrel
** Rumex scutatus, French sorrel
* Sourwood or sorrel tree (Oxydendrum arboreum), a tree native to North America

## Characters

* Hetty Sorrel, a fictional character in George Eliot's novel Adam Bede
* Sorel Bliss, a character in Noël Coward’s 1924 play Hay Fever
* Sorrel, a character in the animated film Pokémon the Movie: I Choose You!

## People

* Moxley Sorrel (1838–1901), American Civil War soldier
* Sorrel Carson (1920–2005), Irish actress, director, and teacher who formed the Academy of Live and Recorded Art in London
* Sorrel Hays (1941-2020), a female American pianist, composer, and artist

## Places

* Sorell, Tasmania, Australia
* Sorrel, Louisiana, United States, a census-designated place

## Other

* Sorrel (drink) or hibiscus tea, a herbal tea infusion popular in Jamaica
* Sorrel (horse), an alternative term for a reddish-colored horse, more often known as "chestnut"
** Old Sorrel (foaled 1915), an America Quarter Horse stallion
* Heliophorus sena or sorrel sapphire, an Indian butterfly
* USS Sorrel (1864), an American navy ship
# Stenoma haploxyla

Stenoma haploxyla is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in Suriname.
The wingspan is about 18 mm (0.71 in). The forewings are brownish ochreous, the costa more brownish posteriorly and with two oblique series of two or three dark fuscous elongate marks each towards the costa about one-third and beyond the middle. The discal stigmata are dark fuscous and there is some dark fuscous suffusion towards the dorsum before the middle and about two-thirds. There is also a terminal series of dark fuscous dots. The hindwings are ochreous whitish with a long ochreous-whitish hair-pencil enclosed in a subdorsal fold.
# Rufius Achilius Sividius

Rufius Achilius Sividius (fl. 483–488) was a Roman senator under Odoacer's rule. His brothers included Rufius Achilius Maecius Placidus, and Anicius Acilius Aginantius Faustus.

## Biography

He is defined as "quaestor" (perhaps quaestor sacri palatii) in the inscription on his seat at the Colosseum. His consular diptych, which records his further career, has been preserved. After his term as quaestor, Sividius was appointed praefectus urbi of Rome and then patricius. In 488 he was consul posterior with Claudius Iulius Ecclesius Dynamius, both appointed by the court of Odoacer, and praefectus urbi for the second time.
# Otto Lanz

Otto Lanz (14 October 1865, in Steffisburg – 23 March 1935, in Amsterdam) was a Swiss surgeon.
He studied medicine at several universities in Europe, and in 1890–92 served as an assistant to Theodor Kocher at the University of Bern. Afterwards, he took an extended study trip to Berlin, Naples and London, and in 1894 settled as a docent of surgery at Bern. In 1902 he was named a professor of surgery at the University of Amsterdam.
He is remembered for his surgery of the thyroid gland and his work associated with appendicitis. In the field of plastic surgery, he introduced mesh grafting in 1907.
He was a collector of Italian Renaissance art, part of which, was on display at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. In 1941 his widow sold the collection to Adolf Hitler, who acquired it for his proposed Führermuseum in Linz. After the war, the collection was returned to the Netherlands.

## Medical terms

* Lanz incision: A specific type of abdominal incision; considered to be a cosmetic improvement over McBurney's incision.
* Lanz' point: A location in the lower abdomen sensitive to pressure in appendicitis.

## Selected works

* Chirurgische Klinik von Prof. Dr. Kocher zu Bern (Summer semester 1891, edited by Otto Lanz and Fritz de Quervain).
* Beiträge zur Schilddrüsenfrage, 1895 – Contributions to thyroid issues.
* Die Transplantation betreffend, 1908 – On transplantation.
# Paddy Donoghue

Patrick Donoghue (13 November 1891 – 18 September 1967) was an Irish hurler who played as a left wing-forward for the Kilkenny senior team.
Hackett made his first appearance for the team during the 1917 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement after the 1924 championship. During that time, he won one All-Ireland medal and two Leinster medals.
At club level, Hackett was a two-time county club championship medalist with Dicksboro.
# Vincent McNamara

Vincent McNamara (11 April 1891 – 29 November 1915) was a rugby union player who represented Ireland. He died at Suvla Bay, Gallipoli, Ottoman Turkey, during World War I.

## Early life

Vincent McNamara was born in Blackrock, County Cork, one of the seven children of Patrick and Margaret McNamara to have survived infancy. He went to school at Christian Brother's College in Cork from 1904 to 1911, and then studied engineering at University College Cork.

## Rugby career

After playing in his school's first XV, McNamara went up to University College Cork (UCC) where he played in 67 matches for the university, winning 44, drawing 9, and losing 14. McNamara was selected to play three games at scrum half for Ireland. His debut came in the 1914 Five Nations Championship, away to England for the second of Ireland's games in the tournament, at Twickenham on 14 February. He was one of three players to debut for Ireland that day. The next game was against Scotland, at home on 28 February. Making his debut that day at fly half was Henry Walter Jack, McNamara's half-back partner at UCC and Munster, the pair known as "Macky and Jacky". Ireland won the game two tries to nil, with McNamara scoring one of the tries.
The last of McNamara's international appearances was against Wales on 14 March 1914 at Balmoral Showgrounds in Belfast. Reputedly the most violent rugby match in history between Ireland and Wales, it came to be known as the "Balmoral Brawl", with the Scottish referee, J Tulloch, allowing the fighting to continue through the game. The game was played in heavy rain, making it difficult to handle the ball. Ireland scored a try in the first three minutes to take the lead. The Welsh equalised before half time and in the second half scored a further two tries, one converted. Wales won 3–11 and its pack was rewarded by Irish critics with the nickname 'The Terrible Eight'. Meanwhile, the Welsh press reported: "In the concluding stages there was a slight tendency of rough play on the part of the Irish forwards.

### International appearances

| Opposition | Score | Result | Date | Venue |
| England | 17–12 | Lost | 14 February 1914 | Twickenham |
| Scotland | 6–0 | Won | 28 February 1914 | Lansdowne Road |
| Wales | 3–11 | Lost | 14 March 1914 | Belfast |

## Military service and death

McNamara was studying engineering at UCC at the outbreak of the First World War, and being a cadet in the Officers Training Corps, he was commissioned second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers on 20 January 1915.
On 29 November 1915, after McNamara had detonated a charge under the mines which Turkish forces were using to deploy tear gas against them, he went down to investigate. However, he went before the gas had dispersed and was killed by it.
# Vicia minutiflora

Vicia minutiflora, commonly known as pygmyflower vetch or smallflower vetch, is a species of plant in the legume family. It is native to the Southeastern United States, where it is most often found in dry, open woodlands.
It produces small white flowers in early spring.
# The Pocket Dream

The Pocket Dream is a play by Elly Brewer and Sandi Toksvig, published in English circa 1992. A production of the play was put on at the Nottingham Playhouse, Albery Theatre in London in 1991-2 and starred Clive Mantle. In 2004 it was performed in theatres such as the Theatre Royal, York.
# Parkway, Camden

Parkway is a street in the London Borough of Camden. It runs roughly westwards from the Britannia Junction with Camden High Street and other streets in the centre of Camden Town to the entrance to Regent's Park near Gloucester Gate. It meets or is crossed by streets including Arlington Road, Albert Street, Delancey Street, Gloucester Avenue, and Albany Street. From Britannia Junction at the eastern end by Camden Town tube station, Camden Road and Kentish Town Road run northwards. It forms part of the A4201 route, which includes many streets starting at Piccadilly Circus, continues along Albany Street, and ends with Parkway at Britannia Junction. It is primarily a commercial street with bars, shops and restaurants.
In the eighteenth century, when the area was still largely rural, it was known as Slipshoe Lane. During the Regency era major developments around Regents Park and Camden Town provided upmarket residential districts for the expanding capital. Parkway came to link these two areas. Some of the housing in the street dates from the early nineteenth century and the York and Albany was erected in 1826. Other buildings, including the Dublin Castle and Spread Eagle pubs, were built around the middle of the century. At this time it was called Park Street, and is shown by this name on an 1834 map.
The main railway line into Euston, constructed in the 1830s, runs in a tunnel under the street's western end. At the other end of the road is Camden Town station on the Northern Line Tube, which opened in 1907. The 1850 Camden Road railway station was until then the nearest station. The Alexandria Theatre was constructed in 1873 but burnt down in 1881. The site went through various changes of use until a cinema was built during the mid-1930s by Gaumont, later becoming part of the Odeon chain.
# Stenoma hesmarcha

Stenoma hesmarcha is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1930. It is found in Pará, Brazil.
# Otto Wegener

Otto Wegener (20 January 1849, in Helsingborg – 4 February 1924, in Paris) was a Swedish-born French portrait photographer.

## Biography

He moved to Paris to open a photographic studio when he was eighteen. Where and how he learned photography is unknown. He quickly gained a reputation as a professional; specializing in photographs of cultural and entertainment personalities. He signed his works with "OTTO", in gold letters, to match the sign above the door of his studio. He eventually came to occupy four floors of the building.
He taught photography to Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke of Sweden and Edward Steichen was one of his assistants. He is most famous for his portraits of Isadora Duncan and Marcel Proust, who was also a friend, and Paul Verlaine, who posed in 1893 as part of his preparation to become a candidate for membership in the Académie Française.
He participated in numerous exhibitions; in France and abroad. A fire at his studio in 1916 caused significant damage. Although he knew the photographer Eugène Pirou, he was never professionally associated with him, as is often mistakenly assumed. The error came about after the brothers, Georges and Oscar Mascré, began using Pirou's name without his permission, and later advertised themselves as "Otto-Pirou", in an obvious reference to Wegener.
Although he was awarded two gold medals, he never mentioned them in his promotional materials. Most of his works were in "cabinet" format (14.5 x 10 cm) or larger. Very few are in the popular "Carte de visite" format.
He had three sons, including Maurice Otto Wegener (1875-1918), an aspiring artist who reportedly died of physical and mental exhaustion, resulting from the war.

## Selected works

* Boni de Castellane
* Elisabeth of Bavaria
* Marcel Proust
* Paul Verlaine
* Claude Debussy
* Ida Rubinstein
# Pailly

Pailly refers to the following places:
* Pailly, Switzerland
* Pailly, Yonne, commune in France
# Vincent McHugh

Vincent McHugh (died 1977) was an Irish Fine Gael politician. He was a member of Seanad Éireann on three separate occasions; from 1951 to 1954, 1965 to 1969 and 1976 to 1977. He was elected to the 7th Seanad in 1951 by the Labour Panel, but lost his seat at the 1954 Seanad election.
He was next elected to the 11th Seanad in 1965 again by the Labour Panel, and lost his seat at the 1969 Seanad election. He was last elected at a by-election to the 13th Seanad in October 1976 by the Cultural and Educational Panel, following the death of Mary Walsh. He did not contest the 1977 Seanad election.
He stood unsuccessfully for Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael candidate for the Clare constituency at the 1951 and 1954 general elections.
# Martvili Municipality

Martvili (Georgian: მარტვილის მუნიციპალიტეტი) is a district of Georgia, in the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti. Its main town is Martvili. Martvili Municipality is located in the north-eastern part of western Georgia. It is bordered by Lentekhi in the north, Khoni and Tsageri in the east, Abasha in the south, Senaki and Chkhorotsku in the west. The southern part of the Martvili area is occupied by a lowland that rises from southwest to northeast from 60 to 170 meters. The highest place, the headwaters of Tekhuri is located at 3003 meters above sea level. To the south-west of the municipality is the Askha Mountain Range, which is rich in karst caves, waterfalls, mineral deposits and limestone. The mountains of Lebarde, Chekola and Dviri are rich in healing mineral waters.

## Politics

Martvili Municipal Assembly (Georgian: მარტვილის საკრებულო) is a representative body in Martvili Municipality, consisting of 36 members which is elected every four years. The last election was held in October 2021. Tornike Janashia of Georgian Dream was elected mayor in a tight 2nd round against a candidate of the United National Movement
| Party | Party | 2017 | 2021 |
| | Georgian Dream | 19 | 15 |
| | United National Movement | 10 | 11 |
| | For Georgia | | 5 |
| | European Socialists | | 4 |
| | European Georgia | 4 | 1 |
| | Alliance of Patriots | 3 | |
| | Freedom - Zviad Gamsakhurdia's Way | 1 | |
| Total | Total | 37 | 36 |

## Administrative divisions

Mart'vili municipality is divided into one city (ქალაქი, kalaki), and 20 villages (სოფელი, sopeli):

### Cities

* Martvili

### Villages

* Didi Ch'q'oni
* Salkhino
* Nagvazao
* Vedidk'ari
* Abedati
* Bandza
* Gach'edili
* Tamak'oni
* Lekhaindrao
* Kurzu
* T'aleri
* Khunts'i
* Sergieti
* K'its'i
* Inchkhuri
* Nakhunao
* Gurdzemi
* Onoghia
* Najakhao
* Doshaq'e
* First Balda (ka:პირველი ბალდა)
* Second Balda (ka:მეორე ბალდა)
* Third Balda (ka:მესამე ბალდა)

## Twin towns – sister Municipalities

* Ardeşen, Turkey
* Boyarka, Ukraine
* Czarnków, Poland
* Jevíčko, Czech Republic
* Odolanów, Poland
# Virtually safe dose

A virtually safe dose (VSD) may be determined for those carcinogens not assumed to have a threshold. Virtually safe doses are calculated by regulatory agencies to represent the level of exposure to such carcinogenic agents at which an excess of cancers greater than that level accepted by society is not expected.
# Subs (novel)

Subs is a 2011 satirical novel by the German writer Thor Kunkel. The main characters are a wealthy Berlin couple, the cosmetic surgeon Claus Gordian Müller-Dodt and his lawyer wife Evelyn, who advertise for "slaves" to do household chores for them, and acquire a young woman and an older man. The subs of the title comes from BDSM and is short for submissives.
Deutschlandfunk Kultur compared the portrayal of slaves to real-life illegal immigrants and called the book "a disturbing and at times very funny critique of culture and civilization".
The novel was the basis for the 2018 film Herrliche Zeiten directed by Oskar Roehler.
# Noblella

Noblella is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species.

## Taxonomy

The genus Noblella was originally erected to accommodate Sminthillus peruvianus, but subsequently synonymized, first with Eleutherodactylus (1971) and then with Phrynopus (1975). Noblella was resurrected by De la Riva and colleagues in 2008. At the same time, the genus Phyllonastes was placed into synonymy with Noblella. However, Noblella, as currently defined, might still be polyphyletic.

## Description

Species of the genus Noblella are small frogs measuring up to 22 mm (0.87 in) in snout–vent length. Head is no wider than the body. Tympanic membrane is differentiated except in Noblella duellmani. Dorsum is pustulate or shagreen. Venter is smooth.

## Species

The following species are recognised in the genus Noblella:
* Noblella carrascoicola (De la Riva and Köhler, 1998)
* Noblella coloma Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez, 2009
* Noblella duellmani (Lehr, Aguilar, and Lundberg, 2004)
* Noblella heyeri (Lynch, 1986)
* Noblella lochites (Lynch, 1976)
* Noblella losamigos Santa Cruz, von May, Catenazzi, Whitcher, López Tejeda, and Rabosky, 2019
* Noblella lynchi (Duellman, 1991)
* Noblella madreselva Catenazzi, Uscapi and von May, 2015
* Noblella mindo Reyes-Puig, Guayasamin, Koch, Brito-Zapata, Hollanders, Costales, and Cisneros-Heredia, 2021
* Noblella myrmecoides (Lynch, 1976)
* Noblella naturetrekii Reyes-Puig, Reyes-Puig, Ron, Ortega, Guayasamin, Goodrum, Recalde, Vieira, Koch, and Yánez-Muñoz, 2019
* Noblella personina Harvey, Almendáriz, Brito-M., and Batallas-R., 2013
* Noblella peruviana (Noble, 1921)
* Noblella pygmaea Lehr and Catenazzi, 2009
* Noblella ritarasquinae (Köhler, 2000)
* Noblella thiuni Catenazzi and Ttito, 2019
* Noblella worleyae Reyes-Puig, Maynard, Trageser, Vieira, Hamilton, Lynch, Culebras, Kohn, Brito, and Guayasamin, 2020
# Stenoma harpoceros

Stenoma harpoceros is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1930. It is found in Pará, Brazil.
# Naiqama

Naiqama is a name of Fijian origin. Notable people with the name include:
* Kevin Naiqama (born 1989), Australian-Fijian Rugby League player
* Wes Naiqama (born 1982), Australian-Fijian Rugby League player
* Naiqama Lalabalavu (born 1953), Fijian Chief