OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Heterodera humuli

Heterodera humuli is a plant pathogenic nematode, the hop cyst nematode. It is an obligate parasite and infests hop plants, Humulus lupulus.

## Description

The female hop cyst nematode is white and lemon-shaped with a body length of 0.3 to 0.7 mm (0.012 to 0.028 in) and a width of 0.3 to 0.6 mm (0.012 to 0.024 in). The male is transparent and vermiform with a body length 0.7 to 0.96 mm (0.028 to 0.038 in). The eggs are oval, 0.09 mm × 0.04 mm (0.0035 in × 0.0016 in) and the first two instar larvae are vermiform. The second instar larvae are mobile in damp soil and invade suitable roots. Here they develop further and become sedentary, burying their heads in cells and feeding on the cell sap. The central part of their bodies swells, and after moulting again they develop into bottle-shaped third instar larvae and then thicker lemon-shaped fourth instar larvae. At this stage they either become male or female depending on the food supply. The swollen larval bodies break out of the root and the mobile males travel through the soil while the females remain attached to the root tissues by their heads. After insemination, the females continue feeding and lay eggs. These remain inside the bodies of the females which die and turn into cysts. A single generation lasts 34 to 56 days depending on environmental conditions.

## Distribution

The hop cyst nematode occurs in many European countries, the U.S., Canada, South Africa and New Zealand.

## Biology

The optimal soil temperature for the development of this nematode in plant roots is about 25 °C (77 °F). It prefers heavy soils. The main host plant is the hop, Humulus lupulus, but the nematode can also survive in the roots of the stinging nettle, Urtica dioica. Infection with this nematode can lead to a poor quality crop and a decrease in yield of hops of 50%. Mortality in hop cuttings is higher in the presence of this nematode.
In a research study in England, cysts of H. humuli were found in every sample taken in a hop garden. The largest number occurred in the top fifteen centimetres (5.9 in) of soil but some were found at much greater depths. The numbers of second instar larvae fluctuated in a pattern which indicated that there were probably two or three generations in a growing season, each lasting about six weeks. Under controlled conditions of 20 °C (68 °F) and a sixteen-hour day, the life cycle lasted forty days and this was the optimal temperature for development. Most second stage larvae invaded hop roots at 15 °C (59 °F) but the egg hatch was greater at 20 °C (68 °F). In moist soil, the second-stage larvae survived for at least fifty four days and were still capable of invading roots and reproducing. It is uncertain how long the eggs remain viable in the cysts but in hatching trials using root diffusates of H. lupulus, Cannabis sativa, Urtica dioica, Urtica urens and Ficus sp., only the diffusate of H. lupulus had any effect on the hatching rate of the larvae.
# Srikanta Acharya discography

Srikanta Acharya is a Kolkata-based modern Bengali singer-songwriter and music director. Srikanta was born in Kolkata, India and is son of Rohini Nandan Acharya and Kana Acharya. He got formal training in Rabindrasangeet from Dakshinee. He also got trained in tabla from Ustad Ali Ahmed Khan. He quit his job as a sales professional and then Utpal Chakravarty, proprietor of an old music store convinced him to drop in his cassettes at Sagarika Music. He got a call from them within a week and they offered him a contract to sing for them. Srikanta Acharya is now a household name across the world among audiences who listen to Bengali music. Musical life of Srikanta started from the world of Bengal culture. He is an qualitative songs-tan of Bengal music.

## Studio albums

* Ami Noi
* Ghuri (Anandabazar Best Puja Album of the year 2004)
* Jibon Chhobi (Best Rabindrasangeet Music Award 2004)
* Yeh Chahat (Hindi)
* Nodir Chhobi Anki (Anandabazar Best Album of the year 2001)
* Bristi Tomake Dilam (Anandabazar Best Puja Album of the year 2000)
* Nil Dhrubotara
* Kono Ekdin
* Nivrito Praner Debota (Rabindrasangeet)
* Anubhabe jenechilem (Rabindrasangeet)
* Kachhei Achhi
* Hridoy Aamar (Rabindrasangeet)
* Knaach Kaataa Hire
* Roudrochhaya
* Smritir Soroni (Remake Compilation)
* Apon Gaan (Rabindrasangeet)
* Sanj Sakaler Robi (Rabindrasangeet)
* Moner Janala
* Uttoron (Rabindrasangeet)
* Musafirana (First ever album of Contemporary Bangla Ghazal, in Bengali Music)
* Onek Diner Gaan (Rabindrasangeet...solo album released after 11 years in 2014)

## Albums (collaborative)

* Sruti Gitobitan (along with Rezwana Chowdhury Bannya and others)
* Ganbela (with Lopamudra Mitra)
* Bhalobasi (with Sreeradha Bandyopadhyay) (2005)
* Shapmochan (with Lopamudra Mitra)
* Pather Saathi (with Rajeeb Chakraborty) (Highest Selling Bengali Album of the year 2003)

## As Playback Singer

* Chotushkone (2014)
* Jaatishwar (2014)
* Iti Mrinalini (2011)
* Noukadubi (2011)
* Bangal Ghoti Phataphati (Unreleased) (2009)
* Tomar Jonyo (2008)
* Antarotamo (2008)
* Mon Amour: Shesher Kobita Revisited (2008)
* Chalo Let's Go (2008)
* Khela (2008)
* Titli (2001)
* Antaheen (2007)

## As Music director

* Krishnakanter Will

## As voiceover artist

* Chha-e Chhuti
* Jaatishwar
* Tonic
# Spui

Spui or SPUI may refer to:
* Spui (Amsterdam), a square in the centre of Amsterdam, Netherlands
* Spui (river), in the Netherlands
* Spui, Zeeland, a town in the Netherlands
* Single-point urban interchange, a type of highway interchange
# Zapotlán de Juárez

Zapotlán de Juárez is a town and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 131.1 km$^2$.
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 16,493.
In this municipality is produced agricole products and meat.
The municipality have 20 km. of the Mexico-Pachuca Highway, and have another 18 km. of federal roads between the tree principal towns of the municipality (Zapotlán, San Pedro Huaquilpan and Acayuca).
The municipality is located in the southern part of Hidalgo and borders on the municipalities of Pachuca to the North, Tolcayuca to the South and West, Zempoala to the East, and Tezontepec to the South.
19°58′N 98°51′W﻿ / ﻿19.967°N 98.850°W﻿ / 19.967; -98.850
# Pennie (disambiguation)

Pennie is the health insurance marketplace for the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.
Pennie may also refer to the following persons:
* Alex Pennie (born 1985), British musician
* Aloysius Pennie (born 1984), Liberian footballer
* Chris Pennie (born 1977), American drummer
* Collins Pennie (born 1985), American actor
* Fiona Pennie (born 1982), British slalom canoeist
* Ken Pennie (born 1949), Canadian Air Force general
* Terje Pennie (born 1960), Estonian actress
# Valletta International Baroque Festival

The Valletta International Baroque Festival is one of the largest music festivals of Malta. It was founded by its present Artistic Director Kenneth Zammit Tabona in 2013. The programmatic focus is on baroque and early music.

## History

Three editions of the earlier 'Manoel Baroque Festival' had been organised in 2001, 2003, and 2005, focusing on the Baroque age and founded by Rev. Prof. Peter Serracino Inglott and Prof. Denis De Lucca, then chairman and director of the International Institute for Baroque Studies at the University of Malta, together with the board and management of the Manoel Theatre in Valletta.
Since its establishment in 2013, the Valletta International Baroque Festival is held every year in January and organized by the direction of Manoel Theatre. The concerts and opera performances are presented in several Baroque buildings in the city of Valletta.
Among the artists who have performed at the festival are Mahan Esfahani, Philippe Herreweghe, Christophe Rousset, and Jordi Savall.
On 26 January 2017, Reuben Pace's Concertino for guitar, harpsichord and orchestra was premiered at Manoel Theatre under the slogan Inspired by Baroque with the Malta Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of Michelle Castelletti as well as the soloists Johanna Beisteiner (guitar) and Joanne Camilleri (harpsichord). It was the first world premiere during the Valletta International Baroque Festival and signaled an artistic expansion of the festival's programme to contemporary works inspired by baroque music.
# Shirase Coast

Shirase Coast (78°30′S 156°0′W﻿ / ﻿78.500°S 156.000°W﻿ / -78.500; -156.000) is the north segment of the relatively ill-defined coast along the east side of Ross Ice Shelf and Ross Sea, lying between the north end of Siple Coast (about 80°10′S 151°00′W﻿ / ﻿80.167°S 151.000°W﻿ / -80.167; -151.000) and Cape Colbeck. Named by NZ-APC in 1961 after Lieutenant Nobu Shirase (1861–1946), leader of the Japanese expedition, whose ship Kainan Maru sailed near this coast in January 1912. Landings were made at Kainan Bay and at the Bay of Whales, the origin of a 160-mile journey southeast on Ross Ice Shelf. From 76°56′S 155°55′W﻿ / ﻿76.933°S 155.917°W﻿ / -76.933; -155.917 (off Edward VII Peninsula), another party landed for a sledge trip to the edge of the Queen Alexandra Range.
# S. Singaravadivel

S. Singaravadivel was an Indian politician.
He was elected to the Lok Sabha from Thanjavur constituency as an Indian National Congress candidate in the bye-election in Tamilnadu 1979(1979) ,1980, 1984 and 1989 elections.
He died on 31 January 2022
# Welch House

Welch House may refer to:

## in the United States

* Welch-Averiett House, Sylacauga, Alabama, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
* William Welch House, Canehill, Arkansas, NRHP-listed
* Welch Pottery Works, Tulip, Arkansas, NRHP-listed
* Welch-Hurst, Saratoga, California, NRHP-listed
* David Welch House, Milton, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
* Welch Training School, New Haven, Connecticut, NRHP-listed
* Edward Welch House, Boise, Idaho, NRHP-listed
* Welch Apartments, Muscatine, Iowa, NRHP-listed
* Andrew Welch Homestead, Parsonsfield, Maine, NRHP-listed
* Jenkins H. Welch House, Hazelhurst, Mississippi, NRHP-listed
* William H. Welch House, Baltimore, Maryland, NRHP-listed
* Welch Factory Building No. 1, Westfield, New York, NRHP-listed
* Shook-Welch-Smathers House, Clyde, North Carolina, NRHP-listed
* Welch-Nicholson House and Mill Site, Houstonville, North Carolina, NRHP-listed
* J.C. Welch House, Muskogee, Oklahoma, NRHP-listed
* Mathias Welch House, Central Point, Oregon, NRHP-listed
* L.J. Welch House, Mitchell, South Dakota, NRHP-listed
* Laura M Welch House, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, NRHP-listed
* Baird-Welch House, Cornersville, Tennessee, NRHP-listed
* Welch-Sherman House, Park City, Utah, NRHP-listed
* C.A. Welch House, Waukesha, Wisconsin, NRHP-listed
# Marieke (statue)

Marieke is a 1988 statue in Bruges, Belgium, designed by Jef Claerhout [nl]. It is a homage to Jacques Brel's famous song Marieke.

## History

The statue was built at the request of journalist and Brel fan, Johan Anthierens. It was revealed on 23 July 1988 by mayor Frank Van Acker [nl].
On 1 February 2012, the statue was clothed with knitted sleeves by anonymous pranksters.

## Statue

The statue is located at the Coupure (Bruges) [nl] in Bruges. It depicts a young woman, Marieke, who lived "between the towers of Bruges and Ghent" according to Brel's song of the same name.

## Sources

* 1 2 3 "Resultaten | Erfgoed Brugge". zoeken.erfgoedbrugge.be.
* 1 2 3 http://www.erfgoedcelbrugge.be/images/filelib/coupure_746.pdf
* 1 2 "Standbeeld Marieke gehuldigd". 10 October 2008.
* ↑ "Marieke aangekleed met breiwerk". February 2012.
# Valéria Faure-Muntian

Valéria Faure-Muntian (born 2 September 1984) is a French politician of Renaissance who served as a member of the French National Assembly from 2017 to 2022, representing the 3rd constituency of the department of Loire.

## Political career

In Parliament, Faure-Muntian served on the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Parliamentary Office for the Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Choices (OPECST). In addition to her committee assignments, she chaired the French-Ukrainian Parliamentary Friendship Group. She was also part of the French delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation.
Faure-Muntian did not seek re-election in the 2022 French legislative election.

## Political positions

In July 2019, Faure-Muntian voted in favor of the French ratification of the European Union’s Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with Canada.
# Marie-Noelle Marquis

Marie-Noelle Marquis (born January 29, 1979) is a French-Canadian actress.

## Life

At an early age, she started ballet and painting, until she joined a music conservatory high school and studied clarinet for five years. Upon her graduation, she decided to focus on theater. She joined the theater arts program at St-Hyacinthe College near Montreal and completed her college studies at John Abbott College the following year.
After studying theatre in college, she moved to Los Angeles and attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, graduating with honors in 1999. While she was still at the academy, she played the lead in the short film "The Kiss".
Since then she has been performing as an actor in film and theater and has worked on a variety of voice-over projects for the French and the American market. She completed her first feature-length screenplay The Letter, which she co-wrote with her mother, French-Canadian writer Helene Carle.
As of 2008, she was a member of Playhouse West-School and repertory theatre.

## Filmography

* Eyeball Eddie (2000) - short film
* Falsehood (2001) - short film
* National Lampoon Presents Dorm Daze (2003)
* Masters of Magic (2008) - direct-to-video
* The Empty Room (2009) - short film
# Kirsten Sundberg Lunstrum

Kirsten Sundberg Lunstrum (born March 17, 1979, in Chicago) is an American writer and academic. She is presently a faculty member in Antioch University's Creative Writing Program.
Her 2018 short story collection, What We Do With the Wreckage, won the 2017 Flannery O'Connor Award for Short FictionShe has also won the a PEN/O. Henry Prize.

## Early life and education

Sundberg-Lunstrum was born in Chicago on March 17, 1979. Though she moved a lot as a child, she considered Washington her home.
In 1999, Sundberg Lunstrum received a Bachelor of Arts in English from Pacific Lutheran University. In 2003, she earned a Master of Arts in creative writing and fiction from the University of California, Davis.

## Awards and honors

Sundberg-Lunstrum received a fellowship from the MacDowell Colony in 2009, as well as a fellowship from The Jack Straw Cultural Center in 2016.
Her short stories "Where Have the Vanished Girls Gone?", initially published in North American Review, and "Endlings", which appeared in Ploughshares, were included in The Best American Short Stories 2019's list of "100 Distinguished Stories of 2018."
In 2017, What We Do With the Wreckage won the Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction. She has also won the PEN/O. Henry Prize.

## Personal life

Sundberg-Lunstrum is married and has children.

## Publications
### Anthology contributions

* Laughman, Ethan, ed. (2019). "The Starlings of Leicester Square". Spinning Away from the Center: Stories about Homesickness and Homecoming from the Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 9780820356600.
* Laughman, Ethan, ed. (2021). "What We Do With the Wreckage". Changes: Stories about Transformation from the Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 9780820358697.

### Short story collections

* This Life She's Chosen. Chronicle Books. 2005. ISBN 9780811856560.
* Swimming with Strangers. Chronicle Books. 2008. ISBN 9780811860765.
* Abbott, Lee, ed. (2018). What We Do with the Wreckage: Stories. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 9780820353739.
# Kirsten Strange-Campbell

Kirsten Strange-Campbell (born 14 July 1944) is a retired Danish swimmer. She competed at the 1964, 1968 and 1972 Summer Olympics in the 100 m and 200 m freestyle and 200 m and 400 m medley events (eight in total), but failed to reach the final in any of them.
# Kirsten Sødal

Kirsten Sødal (14 June 1935 – 22 February 2022) was a Norwegian author who wrote several children's books, including Bestefar i spøkelsesbyen (Grandfather in the Ghost town) and the Birkebeinerbarn series. She also worked on school work books På Sporet (On Track).

## Early life

Kirsten Sødal (born Knudsen) was born in the coastal town Kristiansand in Norway. When she was five years old, World War II broke out. This influenced her writing greatly. Her father was a part of the Norwegian resistance movement and contributed by writing secret newspapers with true news. She wrote small stories and poems her entire life.
# Marina Benedict

Marina Benedict is an American actress best known for her role in the Golden Globe nominated series Flesh and Bone as Toni Cannava; Prison Break: Resurrection as Emily "A&W" Blake; Gotham as Cherry; ER as Lois Landry; Torchwood: Miracle Day as Charlotte Wills; and Burn Notice as Col. Oksana Zhirkov.

## Career

Benedict was the lead singer in BMG's pop group 5 NY that toured throughout Europe and received a Billboard Top 40 hit in Germany.

## Personal life

Benedict attended the Cornish College of the Arts. Benedict became an instructor at the American Musical and Dramatic Academy in 2003. She is the Co-Chair of the Dance Department.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2006 | In Memory of Me | Kristen | Short |
| 2008 | Dark Streets | Dancer | |
| 2009 | Death in Charge | Baby Sitter / Death | Short |
| 2010 | Not Your Time | Dancing Angel | Short |
| 2011 | Spells | Luisa | Video short |
| 2012 | Sheldon Remains | Chevy Wood | Short |
| 2014 | Locker 13 | Rachel | Segment: "Story #4" |
| 2016 | Losing in Love | Amber | |
| 2017 | In Vino | Magdalen | Completed |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1998 | 5NY - Heiß auf Erfolg | Marina | TV film |
| 1999 | Wasteland | Heather | "Indian Summer" |
| 2000–01 | Nikki | Luna | Recurring role |
| 2001 | 18 Wheels of Justice | Felicia | "Come Back, Little Diva" |
| 2001 | An American Town | Salem Dunne | TV film |
| 2002 | Angel | Kim | "Sleep Tight" |
| 2002 | Father Lefty | Katie | TV film |
| 2005 | Without a Trace | Svetlana | "Lone Star" |
| 2007 | Ghost Whisperer | Mary Billings | "The Underneath" |
| 2008 | ER | Lois Landry | "Tandem Repeats" |
| 2009 | Southland | Shawna | "Unknown Trouble", "Sally in the Alley" |
| 2010 | Desperate Housewives | Seamstress | "We All Deserve to Die" |
| 2010 | CSI: Miami | Hannah Beckstrom | "Reality Kills" |
| 2011 | Torchwood | Charlotte Wills | Recurring role |
| 2013 | True Blood | Veronica | "The Sun" |
| 2013 | Burn Notice | Colonel Oksana Zhirkov | "Exit Plan" |
| 2013 | Perception | Zoey | "Asylum" |
| 2014 | Bones | Ingrid Magnusson | "The Master in the Slop" |
| 2015 | Criminal Minds | Ellen Clark | "The Night Watch" |
| 2015 | Flesh and Bone | Toni Cannava | TV miniseries |
| 2017 | Prison Break: Resurrection | Emily "A&W" Blake | TV miniseries |
| 2017 | Gotham | Cherry | Recurring role |
# Marie Farge

Marie Farge (born 1953) is a French mathematician and physicist who works as a director of research at CNRS, the French National Centre for Scientific Research. She is known for her research on wavelets and turbulence in fluid mechanics.

## Education and career

Farge earned a master's degree from Stanford University in 1977, and a third cycle doctorate in physics from Paris Diderot University in 1980. After postdoctoral studies on a Fulbright Fellowship at Harvard University, she continued her studies at Pierre and Marie Curie University, where she completed a state doctorate in 1987.
She has been a researcher at CNRS since 1981. She has also held short-term positions at many other universities, including being Sofia Kovaleskaia Chair of Mathematics in 1994–95 at Kaiserslautern University.

## Recognition

Farge was the 1993 winner of the Poncelet Prize of the French Academy of Sciences. She became a member of the Academia Europaea in 2005, and a fellow of the American Physical Society in 2011.
# Marilyn Baptiste

Marilyn Baptiste is a former Chief of the Xeni Gwet'in First Nation in British Columbia, Canada.
She was awarded the Eugene Rogers Award in 2011 for her role in the campaign to save Teztan Biny. She also received the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2015.
# Marina State Beach

Marina State Beach is a protected beach on Monterey Bay, located in the city of Marina in Monterey County, California.

## Recreation

The park is popular with hang-gliders, paragliders, and kite flyers. It is also a popular spot from which to watch the sun set. Surfers frequent Marina State Beach due to its reliable waves. The 170-acre (69 ha) park was established in 1977.

## Natural history

The dunes are some of the highest on the Central California coast, and provide homes to unique wildlife. A short interpretive trail (0.6 miles) provides visitors with information about the habitat and inhabitants of the dunes.
# Valletta Lions RFC

Valletta Lions RFC was a Maltese rugby club in Valletta. They competed in the Malta Rugby Union National Championship.
# Kingsthorpe College

Kingsthorpe College (KC), formerly Kingsthorpe Community College and before that Kingsthorpe Upper School, is a secondary school with academy status in Kingsthorpe, Northampton. In September 2021 Kingsthorpe College joined the Orbis Education Trust, a Multi-Academy Trust, which also includes Southfield School in Kettering. As of 2023, the school has approximately 1,400 students on roll, with 160 in the sixth form.
The school moved into a new building in 2007, and is located on a single site on Boughton Green Road. It was previously split on two sites, the other being next to Welford Road, which is on the A5199. The college has been a specialist sports college with a second specialism in history since 2006, after changing from a Language College and a former ICT College.

## Ofsted judgements

In 2013 Ofsted said the school required improvement. In 2015 and again in 2019 it was judged Good.

## Notable alumni

* Ben Cohen, rugby player
* Gian Sammarco, actor
* Marc Warren, actor
* Callum Robinson, footballer
# Van Meeuwen

Van Meeuwen is a Dutch noble family.

## History

Jan Jansz van Meeuwen, the first recorded member of the family lived in the 17th century at Megen, was a coppersmith and pan repairman. Later, the family moved to Oss, and subsequently also became part of the political elite of 's-Hertogenbosch and The Hague. Many members were bankers, politician, civil servants, lawyers, chief executive officers and diplomats. Some were officers of the Dutch army, members of the House of Representatives and Senate of the Netherlands. The family has belonged to the lower Dutch nobility, with the honorific of jonkheer, since 1834. Since the 19th century, the family have owned the 80 hectare estate of Eikenburg which is located to the south of Rosmalen, North Brabant.

## Notable members

* Petrus Andreas van Meeuwen (1772–1848)
* Eduardus Johannes Petrus van Meeuwen (1802–1873)
* Pieter Maria Frans van Meeuwen (1837–1913)
* Lodewijk Cornelis Josephus Andreas van Meeuwen (1844–1918)
* Pieter Leon van Meeuwen (1870–1921)
* Eduard Anton Eugène van Meeuwen (1876–1946)
* Pieter Godfried Maria van Meeuwen (1899–1982)

## Coat of arms

Three silver gulls in black, red lacquered and planted in a silver shield with three red roses on their heads. Crown (the shield): A smooth silver band of five pearls and a pearl necklace, with two windings of four pearls each. Shield held by two red-tongued black eagles with backward-looking wings lifted downward. Arms placed on a green arabesque.