OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Maggie Groat

Maggie Groat is an artist and educator who lives in Canada. She received her Master of Fine Arts at the University of Guelph in 2010. Groat has taught at the University of Guelph, University of Toronto, and at Emily Carr University of Art and Design, where she was the Audain Artist Scholar in Residence in 2014.

## Artistic Practice

Groat has a research-based practice and works with a wide range of media, including collage, works on paper, sculpture, textiles, site-specific interventions, and publications. Her work addresses marginalized ways of knowing, salvage practices, and the relationships and reconnections to place through a hybrid Indigenous and settler perspective.

## Awards

In 2017, the Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery won the Ontario Association of Art Galleries annual award for Groat's exhibition, Maggie Groat: Sun also Seasons, and an honourable mention in the art book category for ALMANAC, which Groat had edited.
In 2015 and 2018, Groat was nominated and long listed for the Sobey Art Award.
In 2012, Groat won the Artists' Book of the Moment for Studies For Possible Futures.

## Select exhibitions

In 2018, Groat exhibited at the Or Gallery in Vancouver, with Joar Nango and Leya Tess. The exhibition was titled We Built a House Out of the Things We Had Gathered and was curated by Laurie White.
* Soundings: An Exhibition in Five Parts (2019-2023 touring), curated by Candice Hopkins and Dylan Robinson, organized by Agnes Etherington Art Centre, Queens University, Canada and Independent Curators International (ICI). The exhibition toured multiple galleries, including the Morris and Helen Belkin Art Gallery.
* Intervals (2020), digital image commission presented by Mercer Union.
* The Life of Things (2019), at MOMENTA Biennale de L'image in Montreal.
* Object Lessons (2018), curated by Beatriz Asfora at the Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery.
* Sun also Seasons (2017), solo exhibition at the Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery.
* Reading the Line (2015), group exhibition with Alma Alloro, Anne Low, Tanya Lukin Linklater, and Lis Rhodes at Western Front artist-run centre.
# Maggie Govender

Magesvari "Maggie" Govender is a South African politician who represents the African National Congress (ANC) in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature. A former anti-apartheid activist, she was KwaZulu-Natal's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Human Settlements and Public Works between 2009 and 2011 and she has served as an ordinary Member of the Provincial Legislature since leaving that office.

## Early life and activism

Govender was born in Durban in present-day KwaZulu-Natal (then Natal province) and grew up in Durban Central. When she was eleven years old, her family was forcibly resettled to Chatsworth, a township designated for Indians under the apartheid-era Group Areas Act. She matriculated at Chatsworth Secondary School and enrolled in a medical degree at the University of Durban-Westville. In her second year at the university, she transferred to a humanities degree and also became politically active through the student representative council, the Natal Indian Congress, and the Chatsworth Housing Action Committee. She later joined the United Democratic Front.
She qualified as a teacher and began work at a school in Chatsworth in 1984. She remained active in the anti-apartheid movement and was detained without trial for four months during the 1986 state of emergency. After her release she moved to a different secondary school in Umkomaas, where she worked until she resigned in 1988. She subsequently worked for three years as an education officer at the Garment Workers' Union, which during her tenure affiliated to the ANC-aligned Congress of South African Trade Unions, and then as a coordinator at the Community Research Unit, before she returned to teaching. She joined the ANC and the allied South African Communist Party while the organisations were still banned by the apartheid government, and she was an underground operative for the ANC's Operation Vula. She attended the Convention for a Democratic South Africa as a delegate.

## Career in government

After the end of apartheid, Govender joined the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature, representing the ANC. Pursuant to the 2009 general election, Premier Zweli Mkhize appointed her to the KwaZulu-Natal Executive Council as MEC for Human Settlements and Public Works. She held that office until November 2011, when Mkhize announced a cabinet reshuffle in which she was sacked and replaced by Ravi Pillay.
However, she remained an ordinary Member of the Provincial Legislature, and she was re-elected to her legislative seat in the 2014 general election, ranked 21st on the ANC's provincial party list, and in the 2019 general election, ranked 28th. She was co-opted onto the Provincial Executive Committee of the ANC's KwaZulu-Natal branch in 2018 but was not re-elected in 2022.

## Personal life

Govender was married to Pathsarvasvaran Samotharan "Charm" Govender (9 April 1961 – 22 March 2021), whom she met as a student activist at the University of Durban-Westville and who worked at the South African Revenue Service after the end of apartheid. They married in 1984 and had two sons, Megalen and Yeshelen, born in the 1980s.
# Ulysses McAtee

Ulysses McAtee (September 19, 1907 – death date unknown) was an American Negro league second baseman in the 1930s.
A native of Hopkinsville, Kentucky, McAtee played for the Louisville White Sox in 1931. In seven recorded games, he posted two hits in 15 plate appearances.
# Ulysses Livingston

Ulysses Livingston (January 29, 1912, Bristol, Tennessee - October 7, 1988, Los Angeles) was an American jazz guitarist and bass guitarist.
Livingston's career in music began in the band of Horace Henderson as a roadie (or, as Henderson called them, "valet"). Prior to this he had played in the band of the West Virginia State College. After his period with Henderson he played in carnival bands on traveling road shows. In the middle of the 1930s he began to get jazz gigs with Lil Armstrong, Frankie Newton, Sammy Price, Coleman Hawkins, and Benny Carter. After moving to New York City, he accompanied Ella Fitzgerald on tour and on record. He served briefly in the military during World War II, but returned to jazz playing on the West Coast in 1943. He played with Cee Pee Johnson in Hawaii in 1947.
Alongside his guitar playing, Livingston also sang with the Spirits of Rhythm, and led a group called the Four Blazes. From the 1950s he did freelance work with West Coast jazz musicians and also became active as a record producer. In the 1970s he took up electric bass alongside the guitar, and recorded with both instruments.
# Kenneth Carroll Parkes

Kenneth Carroll Parkes (8 August 1922 – 16 July 2007) was an American ornithologist. He worked as a curator at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History and was involved in studies on birds both in the field and museum, the standardization of North American bird names in English, and on the terminology used to describe molt.
Parkes was born in Hackensack, New Jersey and studied in New York City. He went to the Lincoln School of Teachers' College, New York. An interest in the bird art of Louis Agassiz Fuertes and trips to the zoo made him interested in animals and birds from an early age. He obtained his bachelor's (1943) and masters' (1948) degrees from Cornell University followed by a PhD (1952) studying under Arthur A. Allen. He worked at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania as an assistant curator of birds from 1953 and became a chief curator in 1975. In 1956 he went on a collection expedition to the Philippines and in 1961 to Argentina. Parkes described numerous bird species and worked on a committee to standardize the English names of birds. He was also involved in a landmark paper that clarified the terminologies used in describing the molts and plumages of birds (Humphrey–Parkes terminology).
He was also involved in the production of the humorous journal, the Auklet, which he edited and also contributed to. A compilation of its issues was published in 1983 as The Antic Alcid. He died after a long illness with complications from Parkinson's disease.
# Keiferia elmorei

Keiferia elmorei is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Keifer in 1936. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California.
The length of the forewings is 4-5.9 mm for males and 3.4-5.3 mm for females.
The larvae feed on Solanum species. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Magnus (novel)

Magnus is a novel by the Orcadian author George Mackay Brown. His second novel, it was published in 1973. it is a fictional account of the life and execution of the 12th-century saint, Magnus Erlendsson, Earl of Orkney.

## Plot introduction

Easily Mackay Brown's most religious novel—written after he was received into the Roman Catholic Church—it is seen principally from the perspective of outsiders (peasants, mercenaries, schoolfriends, tinkers) which Mackay Brown interleaves with the Christian tradition of the seamless robe of Jesus.
The narrative implies that Magnus's life is a preordained quest for the garment as a manifested object. It moves swiftly from Magnus's conception to his boyhood at the monastery on Birsay, his non-violent participation at the Battle of Menai Strait (depicted in the Orkneyinga Saga) to the political manoeuvring and outright conflict between Magnus and his cousin Earl Hakon Paulsson.
The narrative also reflects on the damage this inflicted on the inhabitants of the islands. At the pivotal moment of Magnus's execution by Hakon, the narrative switches to Flossenbürg concentration camp during World War II . Magnus's unwitting executioner Litolf becomes a cook at the camp, co-opted into the hanging of the theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer by the camp's drunk Nazi commanding officers.
The story returns to 12th-century Orkney, and concludes with the tinkers, Jock and Mary (present since the outset of the tale). Jock prays to the tomb of the (as yet uncanonised) 'Saint' Magnus, but is reprimanded by Brother Colomb, Magnus's former teacher. However, not long after, Mary, hitherto blinded by cataracts, suddenly has her sight restored.
Throughout the novel, Mackay Brown contrasts the inevitable nature of Magnus's fate with the symbolic significance of pre-Christian ritual, including human sacrifice. Despite this, critics have noted the deeply meditative nature of the work despite the bloody events it depicts and the harshness of existence in 12th-century Orkney.

## The Martyrdom of St Magnus

In 1977 the English composer Peter Maxwell Davies adapted Mackay Brown's story into a one-act opera. Davies begins the story at the Battle of Menai Strait, and retains the flash forward to the 20th century for Magnus's execution. In this version the location and person of the victim is unnamed.
It was commissioned by the BBC for the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. It was first performed in Kirkwall at the first St Magnus Festival, with Neil Mackie as Magnus and the Fires of London conducted by Peter Maxwell Davies. The production was directed by Murray Melvin. Davies later recorded the opera (with different forces) for Unicorn-Kanchana records.
# Union Township, Iron County, Missouri

Union Township is an inactive township in Iron County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Union Township was established in 1857.
# Union of Independent Trade Unions (Portugal)

The Union of Independent Trade Unions (USI) is a national trade union center in Portugal founded on 18 November 2000. It is composed of 14 trade unions from the public services, banking, transport and energy sectors.
# Kenga language

Kenga is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of Chad. Speakers make up the majority of the population in Kenga canton in Bitkine sub-prefecture.
# Mainz Charterhouse

Mainz Charterhouse is a former Carthusian monastery, or charterhouse, in Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany, demolished in 1790–1792 but still marked by the street-name "Karthaus".

## History

The charterhouse, dedicated to Saint Michael, stood on the Michelsberg in what is now Mainz Oberstadt, a site given to the Carthusians for the construction of a monastery by Archbishop Peter von Aspelt in 1320. The conventual premises were ready for use by 1324 and were settled by monks from St. Peterstal Charterhouse near Kiedrich in the Rheingau. Construction of the church began in 1330; it was consecrated in 1350 by Bishop Albert von Beichlingen.
Following an initial gift to the Carthusians by Archbishop Peter in 1308, the charterhouse at Peterstal became operational in 1320, and the Mainz Charterhouse counts as the first Carthusian foundation in Germany. Emperor Charles IV took it under his protection in 1361, endowed it with privileges and entrusted it to the care of the Reichsschultheiss of Oppenheim. In 1434/35 Dominic of Prussia, the author of the rosary prayer still in use today, was novice master here.
On 22 August 1552 during the Second Margrave War the charterhouse was destroyed by Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach. It was not rebuilt until 1613, after which the buildings survived almost entirely unscathed the Thirty Years' War and being besieged in the War of the Palatinate Succession (Nine Years' War). In 1689, during the siege of Mainz, the commander in chief, Duke Charles V of Lorraine, established his headquarters in the monastery along with Electors Max Emanuel of Bavaria and Johann George III of Saxony.
In 1712 Michael Welcken became prior and led the charterhouse to a new period of prosperity. He renewed all the buildings, had the church magnificently painted in 1715 and furnished the choir with valuable high altars as well as artistically significant choir stalls from 1723 to 1726 under the direction of Johann Justus Schacht of Hamburg. On the south side of the cloister with a chapel opposite, and on the other sides 22 monks' cells, each consisting of lobby, living room, kitchen, storeroom, work room, cellar and garden.
Prince-Bishop and Elector Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal had the charterhouse dissolved by Pope Pius VI on 24 August 1781. Its assets were transferred to the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. The assembled monks were informed of the decision on 15 November and given the choice of either moving to Erfurt Charterhouse or of becoming secular clergy, with a pension. In 1788 the Elector bought back the monastic complex for 83,000 Gulden and from 1790 to 1792 had the church demolished along with the cloister, chapel and residential buildings. He added the site to the gardens of his adjoining palace, Schloss Favorite, which was itself completely destroyed during the siege of Mainz in 1793.
On the site of the former charterhouse there now runs the street "Kartaus", where in memory of the monastery there has also been since 1912 a "Kartaus Fountain" (Brunnen Kartaus) with the figure of the founder of the Carthusian Order, Saint Bruno of Cologne.
# Mah Jabeen Sharan

Mah Jabeen Sharan is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan from August 2018 to August 2023.

## Political career

She was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan as a candidate of Balochistan Awami Party on a reserved seat for women in 2018 Pakistani general election.
# Union of Italian Jewish Communities

The Union of Italian Jewish Communities (Italian: Unione delle comunità ebraiche italiane, UCEI) is a national association that represents over twenty Jewish community associations in Italy. It was founded in 1911 as the Comitato delle università israelitiche, which became the Consorzio delle comunità israelitiche italiane in 1920 and the Unione delle comunità israelitiche italiane in 1930. The current name was adopted in 1987.

## Jewish community association locations represented by the Union

* Ferrara
* Ancona
* Casale Monferrato
* Florence
* Genoa
* Livorno
* Mantua
* Merano
* Milan
* Modena
* Naples
* Padua
* Parma
* Pisa
* Rome
* Turin
* Trieste
* Venice
* Vercelli
* Verona

## Presidents

* Noemi Di Segni (from 2016)
* Renzo Gattegna (2006 to 2016)
* Amos Luzzatto (1998 to 2006)
* Tullia Zevi (1983 to 1998)
* Pietro Blayer (1976 to 1978)
# Universal set (disambiguation)

Universal set may refer to:

## Mathematics

* Universal set, the set of all objects, an object whose existence conflicts with the axioms of standard set theory but may exist in other variants
* Universe (mathematics), the proper class of all objects in a domain of discourse
* Universal point set, in graph drawing, a set that can be used for the vertices of drawings of all n-vertex planar graphs
* Sample space, in probability theory and statistics, the set of all possible outcomes of an observation or experiment

## Other

* Universal Character Set, a set of nearly 100,000 characters on which many character encodings are based
# Ileen Sheppard Gallagher

Ileen Gallagher is an exhibition producer, curator, and project manager. She is known for her creation of the Rolling Stones Exhibitionismexhibit and the Jean-Michel Basquiat: King Pleasure exhibit, which opened in 2022.
She first worked as a curator for the De Young Museum in San Francisco, the Queens Museum of Art in New York City, the Library of Congress in Washington DC, and the John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art in Sarasota. She then originated the exhibitions in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio. In 1999, she started her own company, ISG Productions, creating exhibitions for The Walt Disney Museum in San Francisco and Harley-Davidson Headquarters in Milwaukee. She taught for 12 years in the graduate museum studies program at New York University. In 2022, she created an exhibit for the Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music at NYU.
# Whiteley Turner

Whiteley Turner (1866 – 20 February 1921) was an English mill worker, shopkeeper and author.
Turner was born in Sowerby, Yorkshire, the third son of Robert, a wool sorter, and Elizabeth Turner. At the age of eight, he was sent to work at Peel House Mills. Four years later, he moved to Solomon Priestley's woolen mill. There, he lost his right arm in an industrial accident, when his sleeve was caught in a carding machine and the limb was wrenched off at the shoulder. As a result, he lost his job.
He was subsequently able to attend Luddenden National School as a free scholar, and then began selling newspapers and tea, which he delivered to his customers on foot. He kept a shop at Mount Tabor.
In 1895, he began to write articles describing his local walks for the Halifax Courier. From 1904 to 1907, the newspaper serialised his A Spring-Time Saunter, about a four-day ramble from his home at Mount Tabor, over the Pennine Moors, to Haworth, taking in such features as Fly Flat Reservoir, Castle Carr and Brontë Waterfalls. By popular demand, this was published in revised form as a book, A Spring-Time Saunter: Round and About Bronte Land, illustrated by Arthur Comfort, in 1913. The book includes first-hand recollections from people who knew the Brontë family.
There were several editions. The first, a subscribers' edition, had 2,000 copies. The second had 1,000, and the third, in 1915, 3,000. However, the latter initially failed to sell, due to the outbreak of World War I. Eventually, copies were circulated to wounded soldiers from Yorkshire, paid for by the Courier Comforts Fund, and the edition sold out. A further, paperback, edition was published in 1986.
The book was described by The Courier in 2007 as "a local publishing legend".
Turner is buried in Wesleyan chapel yard at Mount Tabor.
# Satyarthi

Satyarthi is an Indian surname that may refer to
* Devendra Satyarthi (1908–2003), Indian folklorist and writer of Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi literature
* Kailash Satyarthi (born 1954), Indian children's rights and education advocate
* Swami Keshwanand Satyarthi (born 1943), Indian Guru of Paramhans Satyarthi Mission (Shri Nangli Sahib )
# Moolpa, New South Wales

Moolpa is a small rural community in the southwest part of the Riverina in New South Wales, Australia, and is named after a nearby sheep and wheat station. It is situated about 13 kilometres southwest of Pereketen and 34 kilometres northwest of Moulamein by road.
# Independent Union (political party)

Independent Union is a minor political party in the United Kingdom. It was founded in February 2019 by six independent councillors on Hartlepool Borough Council to contest in the 2019 United Kingdom local elections, the party gaining a councillor and retaining another out of a total of five fielded candidates.

## Hartlepool Borough Council

In May 2019, following multiple defections from Labour to Socialist Labour at Hartlepool Borough Council, Independent Union forged a coalition with the Conservatives and the Veterans and People's Party, forming the largest grouping with 11 councillors, 6 shy of control. At the Annual General Meeting of the council, leader of the coalition, Cllr Shane Moore, was elected the Leader of the Council, with his Deputy, Cllr Mike Young being voted deputy leader.
In September 2019, all IU councillors, as well as the one Veterans and People's Party councillor, who made up the coalition at Hartlepool Borough Council defected to the Brexit Party, renaming their already existing coalition with the three Conservative councillors to the "Brexit and Conservative Coalition". Despite this, the IU was still registered with the Electoral Commission with Shane Moore listed as its current leader. The party leader has been Shane Moore since 2019.
In early 2020, several of the councillors concerned returned to their parties, including the Independent Union and Veterans and People's Party.

## European Election 2019

In May 2019, it was announced that IU leader, Cllr John Tennant, was standing as a Brexit Party candidate in the 2019 European Parliament election for North East England. Upon the announcement, Tennant was criticised for comments he made on social media, praising the UKIP MEP Godfrey Bloom on the day he was ejected from the European parliament for addressing German colleague, Martin Schulz, the then leader of the German Social Democratic Party, with a Nazi slogan in 2010, and then another involving a joke he made regarding sex acts with a young woman in 2011. Tennant, the former UKIP group leader for the council, is said to have had a close relationship with Nigel Farage whilst he was a UKIP councillor, organising his public events in the North East, according to a former UKIP advisor. According to Hartleborough Borough Council's Register of Members' Disclosable Pecuniary Interests, in May 2018 Tennant declared his profession as "office manager" to UKIP MEP Jonathan Arnott.