OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# St Oswald's Vicarage, Chester

St Oswald's Vicarage is on Parkgate Road, Chester, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

## History

The vicarage and attached parish room were built to serve the parish of St Oswald and the church of St Thomas of Canterbury in 1880 to a design by John Douglas. The building now houses the English Department of Chester University. This vicarage replaced the former parish vicarages in Parsons Street (now Princess Street) and Leen Lane.

## Architecture

The building is constructed in red-brown brick with Westmorland green slate roofs. Its main front faces northeast. The left wing has two storeys; it protrudes forward with an apsidal end. Its lower storey contains a porch, with steps leading up to an arched door. To the right of this is a two-storeyed section with mullioned and transomed arched windows in the lower storey, and mullioned windows in the upper storey. Between these is a row of rectangular plaster panels. To the right of this is a two-storeyed projection, the upper storey being set back from the lower storey. A stair turret to the right of this has a pyramidal roof with a weather vane. The right bay has two storeys plus an attic gable. On the ground floor is a five-light mullioned and transomed window and above this is a five-light mullioned window. In the gable is a three-light window surrounded by lozenge panels and brick diapering. The parish room on the extreme right has three bays divided by buttresses and contains arched windows.
# Penny capitalism

The term penny capitalism was first used in 1953 to describe indigenous economies in which there is land tenure over tiny plots of land, where farmers produce crop surplus and engage in small-scale trading. Microfinance evolved in penny capitalist economies.
Sol Tax published a book entitled Penny Capitalism ISBN 0-374-97785-2. He is said to have coined this term.
* This economic theory related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# St. Paul the Apostle Church (Mechanicville, New York)

St. Paul the Apostle Church is a historic Catholic church in the city of Mechanicville, New York, United States of America. It is presently part of the parish of All Saints on the Hudson.

## History

The church is named for Saint Paul the Apostle. Its cornerstone was laid on Sunday, June 2, 1912, by Bishop Thomas M. A. Burke, and it was dedicated on Sunday, October 14, 1917, by Bishop Thomas F. Cusack.

## Architecture

The present edifice was designed in the Gothic revival style by the architect, Edward W. Loth, of Troy, New York. The church is in the cruciform shape, with an overall length of 148', and an overall width of 98' across the transepts. The tower stands at 146', and the front gable stands at 79' from grade to apex.

### Exterior

The church is a steel and masonry structure clad with Potsdam sandstone in a random ashlar pattern. The trim work is of cast stone, made using the crushings of the aforementioned sandstone.

### Interior

The walls are typically of plaster on lath, with a board-and-batten wainscot of oak. The ceiling employs rib vaulting, and is made from plaster, and ornamented with bas-relief with a grapevine and leaf motif. The sanctuary is illuminated by a skylight.

### Stained Glass Windows

The stained glass windows were made by the Pike Glass Studio of Rochester, NY, and are reminiscent of the Munich-style of stained glass. They are typically lancet windows with wood tracery, and depict events from the life of Saint Paul.

### Stations of the Cross

The Stations of the Cross are of plaster, and were made by the Joseph Sibbel Studio of New York City. The niches are highly decorated, and feature a canopy with a central crocketed spire, cusped tracery, and flanking pinnacles. The figures were modeled from live subjects, and are a combination of high and low relief.

## Bell

The bell was manufactured by the Meneely & Kimberly foundry of Troy, NY, in the year 1872. It is a bronze bell weighing approximately 1900 lbs. and was moved from the previous edifice to the present church on Tuesday, July 15, 1919. The inscription is in Latin and reads "Uni Trinoque Deo, in Honorem, B. V. M. [Beata Virgo Maria] De Consolatione, SS. Augustini et Monica, Congregatio S. Pauli Apost, Mechanicville, Dicavit, Anno Dni [Domini] 1872 Philippo Izzo, O.S.A. [Ordo Sancti Augustini], Parocho" (in English "To the Triune God, in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Consolation, Saints Augustine and Monica, and the Congregation of Saint Paul the Apostle, Mechanicville, dedicated in the year of our Lord, 1872, by Philip Izzo, Order of Saint Augustine, Pastor").

## Image gallery

* View from the sanctuary, looking East towards narthex
* View from narthex, looking west towards sanctuary.
* View looking east towards narthex from sanctuary.
* View of stained glass windows in north aisle.
* View of typical station of the cross.
* View of former baptistry, since converted to a devotional shrine.
* Mosaics in former baptistry.
* Cornerstone, located at northeastern corner of building.
* Bell tower, located at northeastern corner of building.
# Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 113

The 113th Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Lackawanna County and includes the following areas:
* Clarks Green
* Scranton (PART)
** Ward 01
** Ward 02
** Ward 03
** Ward 04
** Ward 05
** Ward 06
** Ward 07
** Ward 13
** Ward 14
** Ward 15
** Ward 16
** Ward 19 [PART, Divisions 03 and 04]
** Ward 20
** Ward 21
** Ward 22
** Ward 23
** Ward 24
* South Abington Township

## Representatives

| Representative | Party | Years | District home | Note |
| Prior to 1969, seats were apportioned by county. |||||
| Michael J. Needham | Democrat | 1969 – 1972 | Scranton | |
| Thomas P. Walsh | Democrat | 1973 – 1976 | Scranton | |
| Frank J. Zitterman | Democrat | 1977 – 1980 | Dickson City | |
| Gaynor Cawley | Democrat | 1981 – 2006 | Scranton | |
| Frank Andrews Shimkus | Democrat | 2007 – 2008 | Throop | |
| Kevin P. Murphy | Democrat | 2009 – 2012 | Scranton | |
| Marty Flynn | Democrat | 2013 – 2021 | Scranton | Resigned after being elected to vacant 22nd District State Senate left by John Blake in a special election |
| Thom Welby | Democrat | 2021 – 2023 | | Elected to fill vacant seat left by predecessor in special election |
| Kyle Donahue | Democrat | 2023 – present | | Incumbent |
# Penicillium longicatenatum

Penicillium longicatenatum is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated from soil in South Africa.
# St Paul's Church, Camden Square

St Paul's Church is a church dedicated to Paul the Apostle on Camden Square in Camden, north London. It is called St Paul's because the estate was owned originally by the canons of St Paul's Cathedral.
It was built in 1849 to designs by Frederick W. Ordish and John Johnson. The builder, John Kelk (later knighted) built the Albert Memorial.
The church was severely damaged in the Second World War and replaced with a single-storey church hall building which, though meant to be temporary, still houses the church's congregation at one end. Plans for a replacement were put forward in July 2008, incorporating the hall as well as new social housing and worship area. From 2003 to 2023 it and its parish formed part of the St Pancras team of parishes, which also included St Pancras Old Church, St Michael's Church, Camden Town, and St Mary's Church, Somers Town - all four are now independent parishes again.
# St Paul's Church, Burnthouse Lane

St Paul's Church, Burnthouse Lane was a church in Exeter, Devon. The church, vicarage and hall were subject to acts of vandalism and arson. The decision was made to redevelop the site to provide social housing.

## History

St Paul's was established to serve the new Burnthouse Lane estate built after the Second World War. It was a parish in its own right until it was merged with Heavitree in 1977 to form a new parish.

## Clergy

| | Parish of Exeter St Paul |
| 1966–1969 | The Revd Frederick Herbert Gilbert, Curate |
| 1969–1977 | The Revd Whately Ian Eliot, Rector |
| 1977 | The Revd Robin Jeffries Tinniswood, Priest in Charge |
| | Parish of Heavitree with St Paul |
| 1966–1969 | The Revd Frederick Herbert Gilbert, Curate |
| 1969–1977 | The Revd Whately Ian Eliot, Rector |
| 1977 | The Revd Robin Jeffries Tinniswood, Priest in Charge |
| 2000-2005 | The Revd Lawrence Bate, Team Vicar |
| 2005-2016 | The Revd Paul Morrell, Team Vicar |
# St Paul's Church, Boughton

St Paul's Church overlooks the River Dee in Boughton, Chester, Cheshire, England. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and, before its closure, was an Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the deanery of that diocese. In the series Buildings of England, the architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner stated that he regarded it as "the boldest of Douglas' church designs".
It ceased to be a church in 2016, when it was closed by the Diocese, as it was found to be in very bad repair. It was named by the Victorian Society as one of the Top Ten Heritage Buildings at Risk for 2016.

## History

The first church on the site was built in 1830 in stuccoed brick. Its style was Italianate with round-headed windows and a northwest campanile. The architect was William Cole the younger. It was virtually rebuilt in 1876 to a design by John Douglas, who added the south aisle in 1902, and the spire in 1905.

## Architecture
### Exterior

The church is built in red brick with stone dressings and in timber framing with brick and plaster panels. The roof has grey and grey-green slates. Its plan consists of a through nave and chancel of four bays plus an apsidal bay, a south aisle, a west porch and a broach spire at the west end. Most of the windows are lancets.

### Interior

Pevsner commented that the strength of the interior lies in its timber-work. The walls are decorated with stencilled patterns in the Arts and Crafts manner. The wrought iron screen is by Douglas. The stained glass dated 1887 in the north aisle is by Kempe and that in the baptistry is by Frampton. The rest of the stained glass was made by Morris & Co. Two of the windows were designed by Burne-Jones, others by Morris himself, and the latest windows dating from 1925 to 1927 are by Henry Dearle. The reredos is a war memorial dated 1920 by H. G. Hiller. Also in the church is a monument from the older church dated 1845. The three-manual organ was built by James J. Binns of Leeds.
# Peneparoxyna

Peneparoxyna is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.

## Species

* Peneparoxyna minuta Hardy & Drew, 1996
# St Patrick's Grammar School

St Patrick's Grammar School may refer to:
* St Patrick's Grammar School, Downpatrick
* St Patrick's Grammar School, Armagh
# Penstemon thompsoniae

Penstemon thompsoniae, Thompson's beardtongue, is a low perennial plant endemic to the southwestern United States, where it grows in dry shrublands, woodlands and forests. It is considered a species of conservation concern in California.

## Taxonomy

Penstemon thompsoniae originally was considered a variety of Penstemon pumilis, as published by Asa Gray in 1878. It was later reclassified as Penstemon caespitosus var. thompsoniae by Aven Nelson, and then elevated to full species by Per Axel Rydberg.
In 1937, David D. Keck recognized two subspecies of Penstemon thompsoniae: ssp. jaegeri, restricted to mountains of Clark County, Nevada, which he distinguished by its few, remote stems and open inflorescence, and ssp. thompsoniae in Arizona, Nevada, and Utah, which he distinguished by its tufted stems and compact inflorescences. These subspecies are no longer recognized due to the morphologic continuum that exists between them.

## Description

Penstemon thompsoniae is a mat-forming perennial herb or subshrub, less than 15 cm high, with a woody base. It is ashy gray-green with a thick coating of hairs. The leaves are oval or spoon-shaped, to 2 cm long. The short inflorescence bears wide-mouthed tubular purple flowers to 2 cm long, glandular hairy on the outer surface, and somewhat hairy on the inner. The tip of the staminode is covered in yellow to orange hairs.

## Distribution

Penstemon thompsoniae is endemic to the southwestern United States, occurring in Nevada, southwest Utah, Arizona and southeastern California. Habitat includes sandy to gravelly soils, sagebrush shrublands, pine-juniper woodlands and pine forests, at 1500–3400 m elevation. It typically blooms May–Aug.
The limited range of Penstemon thompsoniae in California has made it of state conservation concern.

## History

Penstemon thompsoniae was first collected by Ellen Powell Thompson in 1872 in the vicinity of Kanab, Utah, during the US Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River (led by John Wesley Powell). Her specimen, the holotype, is deposited at the Gray Herbarium.

## Cultivation

Although it is sometimes grown in rock gardens, Penstemon thompsoniae is more sensitive to moisture than Penstemon caespitosus and outside its native habitat it is better in specialized cultivation situations like an Alpine house.
# St Rose Music

St. Rose Music is a music management and publishing company representing a select and diverse roster of composers and artists. The company was founded in 1999 by Jim Keller and Philip Glass.

## Current clients

* Nico Muhly
* Rufus Wainwright
* Jeff Beal
* Paul Leonard-Morgan
* Ravi Shankar
* Anoushka Shankar
* Rachel Portman
* Tom Waits
# People's Democracy

People's Democracy may refer to:
* People's democracy (Marxism–Leninism), an ideological concept conceived by communist parties in the aftermath of World War II
* People's Democracy (Ireland), a defunct political party in Northern Ireland
* People's Democracy (newspaper), weekly publication of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)
* People's Multiparty Democracy, the ideological line of the Nepal Communist Party
# St Leonard's College

St Leonard's College may refer to:
* St Leonard's College, St Andrews
* St Leonard's College (Melbourne)
# St Leonard's Church, Warmingham

St Leonard's Church is in the village of Warmingham, Cheshire, England. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Congleton. Its benefice is combined with that of St Peter, Minshull Vernon.

## History

The tower dates from 1715. The rest of the church was timber framed, then rebuilt in stone in 1870 by R. C. Hussey. The original windows in the tower were replaced by windows in Gothic style in 1899.

## Architecture
### Exterior

The tower is built in small bluish bricks, and the rest of the church is in red sandstone squared rubble with a slate roof. The tower is at the west end. The church is cruciform in shape with a four-bay nave and a less lofty one-bay chancel, very short transepts, and a north porch. The tower has a stone plinth, stone quoins, and stone bands which divide it into four stages. On the north and south sides are clock faces and on the west side is a bullseye window. Above these are two-light bell openings. At the top is a moulded cornice, and a crenellated parapet with crocketted pinnacles. Other than the tower, the church is in Perpendicular style.

### Interior

The choirstalls have carved poppyheads. The font is in carved oak and dates from the 16th century. The stained glass windows in the south transept and the east window are by Maréchal and Champigneule of Metz and are dated 1870. Those in the north transept and the south aisle are by Heaton, Butler and Bayne and are dated 1878. The memorials include a Rococo monument to William Vernon who died in 1732. Other monuments are a rectangular brass plate to Rev William Lingards who died in 1620, a marble tablet with an oval panel to Rev Randulph Crewe who died in 1777, and a marble table to Ralph Vernon who died in 1798. Also in the church is a wooden benefaction board dated 1755.

## External features

In the churchyard is the base of a medieval cross dating from around 1298 or later. It is in red sandstone and consists of a two-step base on top of which is a bevelled block. This holds a short Tuscan column on the top of which are the fixings for a sundial. It is listed at Grade II, and is a scheduled monument.
# Pennsylvania Collegiate Athletic Association

The Pennsylvania Collegiate Athletic Association (PCAA) was an athletic conference established in 1972 in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as a partnership between the Eastern Pennsylvania Athletic Association (EPCC) and Western Pennsylvania Athletic Association (WPCC). The conference was established for two-year institutions. The Association ceased to exist in June 2012. Both the EPCC and the WPCC were separate entities functioning as athletic conferences, both with long-standing success and local notoriety. Both the EPCC and the WPCC governed themselves and functioned separately from one another however the EPCC champion and the WPCC champion face each other in a special post-season match to crown a PCAA champion each season within each sport. The PCAA offered competition in a total of six men's sports, six women's sports, and three co-ed team sports.

## The PCAA & The NJCAA

Some PCAA members had a partnership with the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) which serves as a level of accountability for the EPCC and the WPCC. The PCAA has adopted many of its policies and regulations from the NJCAA. Although the PCAA is not an officially chartered conference of the NJCAA, several of the schools in both the EPCC and WPCC are member schools of the NJCAA and play in NJCAA sanctioned competition, especially in sports not offered by the PCAA. Many NJCAA schools compete in local/regional post-season tournaments within their conference (such as the EPCC and WPCC championship tournaments) and also compete in national post-season competition, just like most NCAA and NAIA schools do.

## PCAA School Membership

The EPCC and WPCC were composed of the junior colleges, community colleges, and technical schools in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania that have varsity athletic programs. Past Commissioners included Charles "Chuck" Bell CCAC North (three terms) Charles "Chuck" Dunaway Butler CC (two terms), Mike Stanzione Penn College, Bill Bearse Northampton CC amongst many others. RoseAnn Palsi from Northampton CC served as its secretary for 29 years, from 1983 to 2012.

### EPCC Members

* Bucks County Community College
* Central Penn College
* Community College of Philadelphia
* Delaware County Community College
* Harcum College
* Harrisburg Area Community College
* Johnson College
* Lackawanna College
* Lehigh Carbon Community College
* Luzerne County Community College
* Manor College
* Montgomery County Community College
* Northampton Community College
* Reading Area Community College
* Thaddeus Stevens College of Technology

### WPCC Members

* Community College of Allegheny County
* Butler County Community College
* Pennsylvania Highlands Community College

## PCAA Sports

* Men's Soccer
* Men's Golf
* Men's Baseball (Fall)
* Men's Cross Country
* Men's Basketball
* Men's Volleyball
* Men's Baseball (Spring)
* Tennis (Co-ed)
* Team Bowling (Co-ed)
* Women's Soccer
* Women's Golf
* Women's Volleyball
* Women's Cross Country
* Women's Basketball
* Women's Softball
* Women's Tennis
# Stančani

Stančani (Serbian Cyrillic: Станчани) is a small village in the municipality of Pljevlja, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2003 census, the village had a population of 74 people.
According to the 2011 census, its population was 27, 22 of them were Serbs.
# Stansbury House

Stansbury House may refer to:
* Stansbury House (Chico, California), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Butte County, California
* Zack Stansbury House, Mt. Washington, Kentucky, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Bullitt County, Kentucky
# Stansbury Mountains

The Stansbury Mountains are a 28-mile (45 km) long mountain range located in eastern Tooele County, Utah. It is named for U.S. Army Major Howard Stansbury, a topographical engineer, who led an expedition that surveyed the region.
The range trends north–south, reaching from the southwest of the Great Salt Lake at Stansbury Bay into the region of the southeast Great Salt Lake Desert. Its southwest perimeter is adjacent to Dugway (and the Dugway Proving Ground), and along its western base lies Skull Valley, which trends north from Dugway. The south of the range contains the Deseret Peak Wilderness, with much of the range as part of the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest.

## Description

The Stansbury Mountains are mostly a massif, with a continuous ridgeline from north to south, and they are connected at their south with the similarly aligned Onaqui Mountains. The range is widest at the south, about 10 miles, and narrows to about 6 miles at the Great Salt Lake. Its northernmost 3 miles narrow at Timpie to Long Rock Basin. At the lakeshore, bordering Timpie and the mountains' foothills, lies Timpie Springs Waterfowl Management Area.
The highpoint of the range is Deseret Peak, 11,035 feet (3,363 m), in the Deseret Peak Wilderness.
Skull Valley borders the range's west, with the Skull Valley Indian Reservation at the southwest foothills, and north of Dugway. Tooele Valley borders the range's east, with the communities of Burmester, Grantsville, and Rush Valley.

## Access

Utah State Route 196 traverses the Skull Valley from Dugway south to Iosepa, valley center, then to Timpie. Only unimproved roads access the west side of the range.
The east side of the range contains numerous communities and the Tooele Army Depot at multiple sites. Utah Route 138 traverses the range's northeast to Grantsville from I-80. Interstate 80 lies at the north end of the range at Timpie, connecting Delle west to Burmester east.
# Stansbury Hagar

Stansbury Hagar (December 9, 1869, in San Francisco, California-December 23, 1942, in New York City) was an ethnologist from the United States and an authority upon Peruvian astronomy. He graduated in 1892 (Bachelor of Arts) from Yale University and in 1897 (Bachelor of Laws) from New York Law School. He was a member of many scientific societies.

## Selected works

* Hagar, Stansbury (1896). "Micmac Magic and Medicine". Journal of American Folk-Lore. IX (34): 170–177. doi:10.2307/533400. JSTOR 533400.
* Hagar, Stansbury (1900). "The Celestial Bear". Journal of American Folk-Lore. XIII (49): 92–103. doi:10.2307/533799. JSTOR 533799.
* "Cherokee Star-Lore". Boas anniversary volume: anthropological papers written in honor of Franz Boas. New York: G. E. Stechert & Co. 1906. pp. 354–366.