OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Shew

William Shew (1820–1903) was a prominent American photographer in the 19th century. He made a name for himself as a Daguerrotype portrait artist in the United States. He maintained a mobile studio in a wagon that he called his "Daguerrotype Saloon."
Shew was born near Watertown, New York on 23 March 1820. He studied daguerrotype photography with Samuel F. B. Morse, as did his brothers Truman, Jacob, and Myron. All four of the Shew brothers worked for photographer John Plumbe, who opened studios in various cities; William Shew worked in Plumbe's Boston studio from 1841 to 1844 before setting up his own daguerreian case manufacturing business, William Shew and Company, and pursuing studio work in partnership with daguerreotypist Marsena Cannon. In this period, Shew was a member of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society.
In 1851, Shew followed his brother Jacob to California and set up a studio in San Francisco; he became well known for his portrait work. He was recruited by John Wesley Jones to take daguerreotypes of California for Jones's planned Great Pantoscope of California, the Rocky Mountains, Salt Lake City, Nebraska and Kansas. In 1851, he set up the "Moveable Daguerreotype Saloon" on Dupont Street, later moving it to a lot on Washington Street, opposite the Alta California newspaper office. He later occupied studios in more orthodox addresses along Clay, Montgomery, and Kearny streets. He is presumed the author of a July 1854 article "Photography" in The Pioneer, or, California Monthly Magazine in which he commented on the current state of photographic art and daguerreotype studios.
When Japan's first diplomatic mission to the United States arrived in San Francisco in 1860, a young Yukichi Fukuzawa, then part of the embassy staff, sat for a photo in Shew's studio, in what would become one of the most famous photographs in early Japanese history as it also featured Shew's daughter Theodora, one of the first photographs of a Caucasian woman seen in Japan.
Shew was active in local political and social groups in the 1850s and 1860s, holding the first San Francisco Free-Soil Convention at his rooms on the Plaza (8 October 1852); he served briefly on the Board of Education and hosted meetings of the Temperance Society. He was the most successful of the Shew brothers in photography; Truman died young (1848), Jacob suffered financial losses and committed suicide in 1879, and Myron worked in a variety of jobs including photography, manufacturing, and merchandising.
Shew was married twice. In 1847 he married Elizabeth Marie Studley (1819-1889) in Boston; their daughter Theodora Alice was born in 1848. After Elizabeth's death from typhoid in 1889, Shew and Annie Katherine Haven (1849-1930) were married in San Francisco in 1891. Shew died in San Francisco on 5 February 1903.

## Works

* Fukuzawa Yukichi with Shew's daughter Alice
* Alice Brown Von Holt Mackintosh
* Mother and Daughter
# William Sherwood (bishop)

William Sherwood (died 3 December 1482 at Dublin) was an English ecclesiastic. He was Bishop of Meath, and later Chancellor of Ireland.

## Life

He obtained the see by papal provision in April 1460. Of his earlier life, nothing is known. He soon came into conflict with Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond, who was deputy to George, Duke of Clarence, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. The earl accused the bishop of instigating the murder of some of his followers, and in 1464 both went to England to lay their grievances before the king. Edward IV of England upheld the earl, who was supported by the Irish parliament, and acquitted him of all charges of disloyalty and treasonable relations with the Irish people. But when in 1467 he was disgraced, and succeeded by John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester. Bishop Sherwood was suspected of leading the opposition, which finally brought the earl to the scaffold.
Some years after his rival's death, Sherwood himself was appointed Lord Deputy, but his own rule was so unpopular that in 1477 he was removed from office, having governed for only two years. He was Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1475 to 1481, when he was replaced by Walter Champfleur, Abbot of St Mary's Abbey, Dublin.
He lies buried at Newtown Abbey near Trim.
# Willow Park

Willow Park may refer to:
* Willow Park, Alberta (locality), neighbourhood in Parkland County, Alberta, Canada
* Willow Park, Calgary, neighbourhood in Alberta, Canada
* Willow Park School, Dublin, primary school in Booterstown, Ireland
* Willow Park School, New Zealand, primary school in Hillcrest, Auckland, New Zealand
* Willow Park, Texas, a city in the United States
* Willow Park (The Owl House), a fictional character in the animated fantasy series The Owl House
# Willow Peripherals

Willow Peripherals, Inc., was an American computer hardware company active from 1986 to 2004 and based in New York City. The company was well known for their frame grabber and television output adapter cards for the IBM Personal Computer and adapters. Willow was based in Port Morris in the South Bronx for most of its existence.

## History

Willow Peripherals was originally incorporated in Manhattan in 1984 by founders Jonathan Vail, Bill Bares, Valerie Gardner, Calvin Berger and Howard Alexander. The company's first products were generic expansion cards and peripherals for the IBM Personal Computer.
In 1986, the company moved to Port Morris in the South Bronx and began developing video-related products for the IBM PC shortly afterward. The company leased an 8,100-square-foot facility in Port Morris for a bargain $2 per square foot, a rate that barely grew in the decade that followed. The company however suffered from a lack of employees interested in working for the company, owing to the South Bronx's contemporary reputation for crime and urban decay. Between October 1992 and September 1993, the company's workforce dwindled from 25 workers to only 10. Manufacturing of Willow's products was originally done out of their Bronx headquarters, but owing to increasing restrictions on environmental safeguards in New York in the early 1990s, production was outsourced to a factory in Pennsylvania.
The company's first video-related product was the Publishers' VGA, a frame grabber expansion card, released in September 1988. The Publishers' VGA was relatively low-cost and had the advantage of being able to capture a single frame from a composite video source without the video source needing to be paused. The card tied in with Willow's Video Capture Software (VCAP), which could export the frame grab to a number of image file formats, including TIFF, PCX, and EPS.
Later in 1988, the company introduced the VGA-TV, a device which could output full VGA video over a composite signal, the first product on the market with this purpose. In 1990, the product was revised as the VGA-TV GE/O, which supported the superior S-Video signal, achieving near perfect reproduction of standard VGA pictures on certain equipped NTSC television sets, as well as genlocking, allowing multiple video sources to be overlaid through a video mixer without instability.$^{:291–293}$ The VGA-TV saw widespread use in many disparate areas, including in the White House, where it was used to pipe the output of PC teleprompter software for Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton to read; as well as in the film industry, where it facilitated certain special effects.
Willow's website stopped updating in 2000 and went dark four years later.
# Lipintsi

Lipintsi is a village in Dragoman Municipality, Sofia Province, western Bulgaria.
# Linwood, Utah

Linwood was an unincorporated village in north-central Daggett County, Utah, United States, near the Wyoming state line.

## Description

The town, located along Henrys Fork of the Green River, approximately five miles east of the county seat of Manila, was first settled in the 1890s. The nearby bottomland was used for irrigated agriculture, and sheep ranches operated in the more arid lands to the north.
The town of Linwood was in decline by the 1920s, due to farm consolidation and road improvements, which made larger communities more easily accessible to local residents. In the late 1950s, the Linwood area was purchased by the federal government as part of its land acquisition for the Flaming Gorge Reservoir project. The remaining buildings in Linwood were razed or moved, and the townsite is now inundated; no trace of the former community remains.
A United States post office operated at Linwood from 1903 to 1958.
# William Tenny

William Tenny was an American Negro league catcher between 1909 and 1912.
Tenny played for the Kansas City Giants from 1909 to 1911, and for the French Lick Plutos in 1912. In 47 recorded career games, he posted 59 hits in 203 plate appearances.
# Williamsport, Kentucky

Williamsport is an unincorporated community and coal town in Johnson County, Kentucky, United States. Its ZIP code is 41271.
# Lipopolysaccharide kinase (Kdo/WaaP) family

In molecular biology, the lipopolysaccharide kinase (Kdo/WaaP) family is a family of lipopolysaccharide kinases that includes lipopolysaccharide core heptose(I) kinase rfaP (encoded by the waaP (rfaP) gene). Lipopolysaccharide core heptose(I) kinase rfaP is required for the addition of phosphate to O-4 of the first heptose residue of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inner core region. It has previously been shown that it is necessary for resistance to hydrophobic and polycationic antimicrobials in E. coli and that it is required for virulence in invasive strains of Salmonella enterica. The family also includes 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid kinase (KDO kinase) from Haemophilus influenzae, which phosphorylates Kdo-lipid IV(A), a lipopolysaccharide precursor, and is involved in virulence.
# Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks

Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks is a weathering steel sculpture by Claes Oldenburg. It is located at Morse College Courtyard, at Yale University, in New Haven, Connecticut.

## History

Stuart Wrede and a group of fellow Yale architecture students raised money under the name of the Colossal Keepsake Corporation of Connecticut, working in collaboration with Oldenburg, who charged no fee for his work. The piece was installed on the campus on May 15, 1969, in Beinecke Plaza, as a speakers' platform for anti-war protests. (In the autumn of 1969, women were admitted to Yale University, leading some to view the sculpture as a symbol of female empowerment and coeducation.)
The original iteration had a soft, inflated lipstick section, and wooden treads. The sculpture deteriorated and was removed by Oldenburg in March 1970. It was redone in weathering steel and fiberglass, and reinstalled at Morse College, on October 17, 1974. As of 2019, Wrede was leading an effort to move the piece back to its original location in Beinecke Plaza.
Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks has been shown at the Guggenheim Museum and National Gallery of Art.
# William of Marseille

William of Marseille was a thirteenth-century English academic, teaching in France. He is known for the medical-astrological treatise De urina non visa. The method is to use a horoscope to deduce properties of the urine of a patient for diagnosis, when the urine itself cannot be obtained. This book was still used at the University of Bologna in 1405.

## Works

From Liste lateinischer Autoren und anonymer Werke des 13. Jahrhunderts (ca. 1170-1320)
* Astrologia
* De urina non visa (1219)
* Tabula de stellis fixis
* Tractatus de meteoris (c. 1230)
# Lipstick on Your Collar

Lipstick on Your Collar may refer to:
* "Lipstick on Your Collar" (song), 1959 song by Connie Francis
* Lipstick on Your Collar (TV series), a 1993 British TV series
# Lipstick pickup

A lipstick guitar pickup is a form of single-coil magnetic guitar pickup, having its electronics totally encased in a chrome-plated metal tube.
The lipstick-tube pickup was first introduced by Danelectro on their line of electric guitars. The original lipstick-tube pickups were, in fact, manufactured using real lipstick tubes, and were featured on Danelectro, Danelectro's Coral series, and guitars that were later marketed through Sears, Roebuck and Company department stores under the name Silvertone.
These pickups continue to be featured on Danelectro and other guitars. Current production pickups are not made using lipstick tubes, but tubes manufactured specifically for guitar pickups.

## Construction

Unlike a traditional guitar pickup that uses a plastic or fiber bobbin as a form for winding its coil, the lipstick-tube pickup has its coil wrapped around an alnico VI bar magnet, and then wrapped in tape, usually a cellophane-type tape on vintage units, before being inserted into the metal tube casing. Most vintage Danelectro guitars had their pickups mounted using spring-loaded brackets underneath the tube casing, which could be adjusted for height by means of screws located on the back of the guitar body. Other Danelectro guitars, like the Coral hollowbody series, suspended the pickups from the guitar's top with two screws threaded through the guitar's top and into the brackets. Modern lipstick-tube pickups are usually mounted in a pickguard.
Vintage Danelectro lipstick-tube pickups are quite wide, at 3.22 in (8.18 cm) overall. They cannot be retrofitted into a Stratocaster or similar guitar without removing plastic from the pickguard and wood from the guitar body. To overcome this situation, a variety of aftermarket lipstick-tube pickups have been offered that are the same general width as the common Stratocaster style single-coils, with a 2.77 in (7.04 cm) wide tube casing. More recently, Fender themselves introduced a Stratocaster with Seymour Duncan designed lipstick-tube pickups for their Squier line, called the Surf Stratocaster and a Fender factory special run (FSR) American Standard Stratocaster with Seymour Duncan SLS-1 lipstick pickups, as well as offering the same SLS-1 pickups as a Custom Shop option.

## Sound

The sound of lipstick-tube pickups is frequently described as "jangly" and is most closely associated with surf, rockabilly, and jangle pop.
# Wisconsin Highway 112

State Trunk Highway 112 (often called Highway 112, STH-112 or WIS 112) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs in a north–south in northwest Wisconsin from Marengo to Ashland.

## Route description

Starting at WIS 13 north of Marengo, WIS 112 starts to travel westward. After over 3 miles (4.8 km) of traveling westward, it then turns northward north of Sanborn. After crossing the river, it then intersects WIS 118. Continuing north, it then encounters the John F. Kennedy Memorial Airport, then enters the city of Ashland, and then intersects WIS 137 before it intersects US 2/WIS 13. At that point, the route ends there.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Ashland County.
| Location | Destinations | Notes |
| Town of White River | WIS 13 – Mellen, Ashland | Southern terminus |
| White River–Gingles town line | WIS 118 west – Benoit | |
| Ashland | WIS 137 | Southern end of Alternate US 2 and Alternate WI 13 overlap |
| Ashland | US 2 / WIS 13 / LSCT | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus |||||
# Wisconsin Highway 107

State Trunk Highway 107 (often called Highway 107, STH-107 or WIS 107) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs in a north–south direction in central Wisconsin from west of Mosinee to south of Tomahawk.

## Route description

WIS 107 begins at its intersection with WIS 153, a little more than five miles (8.0 km) west of Mosinee. Most of WIS 107's routing travels through the remote areas of central Wisconsin, following the flowage of the Wisconsin River.

### Mosinee to Merrill

WIS 107 heads due north from WIS 153 into the village of Marathon City, where it becomes Main Street. Crossing the Big Rib River, it meets up with WIS 29 at the latter's exit 156.
WIS 107 continues north into the unincorporated community of Little Chicago. About two miles north of the Marathon/Lincoln County line, it intersects with Wisconsin Highway 64 and continues north, then east, with WIS 64 towards Merrill.

### Merrill

Entering Merrill, WIS 107 and WIS 64 run alongside the banks of the Wisconsin River, across from Council Grounds State Park. After briefly running through the city of Merrill's Sixth Ward along West Main Street, the two highways cross over the Wisconsin River—twice. The river is divided by a small island where West Main Street crosses into the uptown portion of the city of Merrill.
The two highways separate at the Y-intersection of Grand Avenue and Main Street; WIS 64 continues east over the Prairie River into downtown Merrill, while WIS 107 turns sharply to the northwest along Grand Avenue.
WIS 107 continues northwest, past the Merrill Area Recreation Complex and the main entrance to Council Grounds State Park, before turning north out of the city.

### Merrill to Tomahawk

North of Merrill, WIS 107 runs along the eastern banks of the Wisconsin River as a rural two-lane highway all the way to its northern terminus with County Trunk Highway S (CTH-S) outside of Tomahawk. The terminus is somewhat unusual, as state highways in Wisconsin normally end at another state trunk highway. CTH-S, however, was the former route of US Highway 51 (US 51) as it entered Tomahawk. When the US 51 bypass freeway was finished east of the city, the former route of US 51 was turned back to county control, resulting in the unusual terminus.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | Destinations | Notes |
| Marathon | Town of Emmet | WIS 153 – Mosinee, Stratford | |
| Marathon | Marathon City | WIS 29 – Wausau, Abbotsford | |
| Lincoln | Town of Corning | WIS 64 west – Medford | Southern end of WIS 64 concurrency |
| Lincoln | Merrill | WIS 64 east – Antigo | Northern end of WIS 64 concurrency |
| Lincoln | Town of Bradley | CTH-S – Tomahawk, Merrill | |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus ||||||
# Lipase member N

Lipase family member N is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LIPN gene.

## Function

The gene encodes a lipase that is highly expressed in granular keratinocytes in the epidermis, and plays a role in the differentiation of keratinocytes. Mutations in this gene are associated with lamellar ichthyosis type 4. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011].
# Winfield Challenge Shield

The Winfield Challenge Shield was New Zealand Football's version of the Ranfurly Shield and was introduced to boost the interest in provincial football.

## History

The Winfield Challenge Shield was created in Auckland in 1988 to mark its centennial celebrations. It ran along similar lines to the Ranfurly Shield where the current holder would defend it against challenges from regional representative teams from throughout New Zealand. The original Auckland team was coached by John Adshead and they began the defence of the shield against Waikato at Bill McKinley Park - a game which they won 3-0.
Auckland squad: Peter Kuiper, Chris Milicich, Stuart Graham, Tom Mason, Ross Mackay, Martin Jennison, Ricki Herbert, Chris Riley, Rodger Gray, Billy Wright, Noel Barkley, Tony Levy, Darren McClennan, Kim Wright, Sean Hird. Coach: John Adshead. Asst: Dave Taylor
Waikato squad: Gary Dillistone, Bruce Williams, Brian Hayes, Chris Roberts, Dave Merrirr, Darren Powell, Paul Gemmell, Darren Melville, Lance Bauerfiend, Steve Tait, Mark Cossey, Graham Jones, Laurence Fitzpatrick, Marcus Gerbich, Graham Nobilo, Stuart Girvan. Coach: Roger Wilkinson. Asst: Ray Pooley.

### Final Challenge

Auckland's fifth and final challenge of 1988 was against Otago, winners of the Keach Cup. Otago won 3-1 and took the shield back to Dunedin.
Auckland squad: Peter Kuiper, Chris Milicich, Stuart Graham, Tom Mason, Ross Mackay, Martin Jennison, Ricki Herbert, Chris Riley, Rodger Gray, Billy Wright, Noel Barkley, Tony Levy, Darren McClennan, Kim Wright, Sean Hird. Coach: John Adshead. Asst: Dave Taylor
Otago squad: David White, Craig Riddle, Rod Grove, David Woodard, Ian Boath, Andrew Kelly, Grant Plumbley, Graham Marshall, Peter Ryder, Michael McGarry, Steve Fleming, Darryl Hudson, Barry Still. Coach: John Wilkinson. Asst: Malcolm Evans

## Regulations

* the Winfield Shield is a challenge for provincial associations
* there is to be a minimum of 5 challenges in each season selected by from challenges lodged
# Wind from the Icy Country

Wind from the Icy Country is a 1964 Australian television play directed by Patrick Barton and starring Norman Kaye.

## Premise

A German engineer, Ehrbar, who worked in China during the war encounters a Jewish doctor in an isolated Chinese mountain village in Paoshan, in the northwest. Ehrbar breaks down in a car with his companion, Ella, who is fleeing an unhappy marriage.

## Cast

* Brian James as Rachmann
* Norman Kaye as Ehrbar
* Patsy King as Ella
* Kurt Ludescher as Captain Kang
* Neil Curnow as lt Mah
* Dawn Klinberg
* Roly Barlee
* Ray Angel
* Joseph Szabo
* Douglas Kelly
* Clen Farmer
* Blaise Anthony

## Production

Robert Amos adapted his radio play. Amos described the story as a drama on conscience in the style of Kafka.

## Reception

The TV critic for The Sydney Morning Herald thought that it proved that "when a play is completely focused on the working out of intense human conflicts at close range, television proves to be an excellent medium... Brian James made the doctor into a tragic and moving figure consumed by the torture of past experience."
# Wind gap

A wind gap (or air gap) is a gap through which a waterway once flowed that is now dry as a result of stream capture. A water gap is a similar feature, but one in which a waterway still flows. Water gaps and wind gaps often provide routes which, due to their gently inclined profile, are suitable for trails, roads, and railroads through mountainous terrain.
Examples of wind gaps in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia include Swift Run Gap, Rockfish Gap, and Buford's Gap. The last was the original crossing of the Blue Ridge Mountains near Bedford for the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, later the Norfolk and Western Railway, a precursor of today's Norfolk Southern Railway system. Another wind gap with substantial importance in U.S. history is the Cumberland Gap near the junction of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee.

## Gallery

* Wind gap Rockfish Gap, Blue Ridge Mountains, Virginia
* Wind gap opened by an ancient stream on a Karstic terrain in the Ciudad Encantada (Cuenca province) in Spain
* Glacially-carved wind gap in Karu Valley, Ladakh, NW Indian Himalaya