OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jeux sans frontières season 30

The 30th season of the international television game show Jeux sans frontières was held in the summer of 1999. Broadcasters from France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland participated in the competition coordinated by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). RAI hosted all heats and the final in front of the Aragonese castle of Le Castella in Isola di Capo Rizzuto (Italy). The head international referee in charge of supervising the competition was Denis Pettiaux.
The season was won by Bolzano, Italy, being the runner-up the team from Patras, Grece. To date, this is the last edition of the competition.

## Participants

| Country | Broadcasters | Code | Colour |
| France | France 2 | F | Light blue |
| Greece | ERT | GR | Dark blue |
| Hungary | MTV | H | Yellow |
| Italy | RAI | I | White |
| Slovenia | RTVSLO | SLO | Green |
| Switzerland | SRG SSR | CH | Red |

## Heats
### Heat 1

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | CH | Tre Valli | 52 |
| 2 | H | Gyöngyös | 51 |
| 3 | F | Gap | 44 |
| 4 | SLO | Tržič | 43 |
| 5 | GR | Katerini | 40 |
| 6 | I | Reggio Calabria | 26 |

### Heat 2

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | SLO | Bohinj | 56 |
| 2 | I | Bolzano | 49 |
| 3 | H | Budapest XVIII. District | 43 |
| 4 | F | Rouen | 37 |
| 5 | CH | Locarno | 35 |
| 6 | GR | Orestiada | 28 |

### Heat 3

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | H | Budapest XII. District | 49 |
| 2 | F | Martigues | 46 |
| 3 | SLO | Rogatec | 43 |
| 4 | I | Caorle | 42 |
| 5 | CH | Capriasca | 40 |
| 6 | GR | Andros | 25 |

### Heat 4

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | CH | Chiasso | 54 |
| 2 | H | Debrecen | 49 |
| 3 | SLO | Kranj | 46 |
| 4 | I | Valle d'Aosta | 45 |
| 5 | F | Villard-de-Lans | 37 |
| 6 | GR | Sapes | 30 |

### Heat 5

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | SLO | Šentjernej | 56 |
| 2 | CH | Bosco/Gurin | 49 |
| 3 | H | Belváros - Lipótváros | 44 |
| 4 | GR | Xanthi | 38 |
| 5 | I | Pagani | 34 |
| 6 | F | Tarbes | 31 |

### Heat 6

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | SLO | Maribor | 57 |
| 2 | GR | Patras | 50 |
| 3 | H | Tiszaújváros | 46 |
| 4 | F | Mulhouse | 41 |
| 5 | I | Parco del Nera | 30 |
| 6 | CH | San Bernardino | 28 |

### Heat 7

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | CH | Lugano | 48 |
| 2 | SLO | Kranjska Gora | 47 |
| 3 | GR | Edessa | 43 |
| 4 | F | Brive-la-Gaillarde | 39 |
| 5 | H | Szentendre | 38 |
| 6 | I | Grecia Salentina | 34 |

### Qualifiers

The teams which qualified from each country to the final were:
| Country | Town | Place won | Points won |
| F | Martigues | 2 | 46 |
| GR | Patras | 2 | 50 |
| H | Budapest XII. District | 1 | 49 |
| I | Bolzano | 2 | 49 |
| SLO | Maribor | 1 | 57 |
| CH | Chiasso | 1 | 54 |

## Final

| Place | Country | Town | Points |
| 1 | I | Bolzano | 48 |
| 2 | GR | Patras | 47 |
| 3 | H | Budapest XII. District | 45 |
| 4 | SLO | Maribor | 41 |
| 5 | F | Martigues | 40 |
| 6 | CH | Chiasso | 36 |
# Thennamadevi

Thennamadevi or thennaven ma devi is a village in Tamil Nadu, India, not far from Viluppuram. In 2016, a group of teenaged women "took over" the village and enacted several civic improvements within two years.
The village is located among rice paddies, banana trees and sugar cane fields. There is a high level of alcoholism among men in this village, and it's been reported that most of the 150 men in the village engage in heavy drinking every day. The village has an extremely high percentage of widows and also high rates of human trafficking.

## Young girls' club

After a women's empowerment club called the "young girls' club" opened in Thennamadevi, approximately two dozen teenaged women decided to enact major changes in their village. Between 2016 and 2018, the group focused on making it safer for young people in the village to attend school. They installed street lights in the village's two unpaved streets, added a 150-book library and got local authorities to add a bus stop that goes into town. They convinced health officials to provide modern feminine sanitary products in the nearest clinic. They also started a campaign to install toilets in individual homes, to both prevent men from harassing women in the town's public toilet, and to address the health challenges associated with large public communal bathrooms. Club members have pledged to help girls who are married against their will before they are 18 (which is illegal in India, but not well enforced), and in meetings they teach each other about self-discipline, personal hygiene and menstrual issues. Kousalya Radakrishnan is the Thennamadevi girls club president and spokesperson, replacing the original president Says Sowmya.
# Theresa Lowe

Theresa Lowe (born February 1963) is an Irish barrister, communications consultant, and former television presenter. She is known for Where in the World? (Irish game show).

## Background

Lowe was born in February 1963 to parents Marie and John Lowe. She was one of eight children and grew up in Dublin. She attended University College Dublin from 1980 to 1983, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in English, French, and Greek and Roman civilisation. Her sister Joan Freeman is a politician and activist.

## Career

In 1989 Lowe took over as presenter of Where in the World from her predecessor Marty Whelan. She continued on the show until its final season in 1996. In 1993, Lowe began studying at King's Inns, being called to the bar in July 1997. She specialises on criminal law and personal injury. Lowe also runs a communication company. Her clients have included Peter Casey.

## Personal life

Lowe is married to musician Frank McNamara. The couple met in 1983 and were married in 1987. They have four children. The family are practising members of the Catholic Church. A debt write-down of around 2.9 million euro for the couple attracted significant public attention.
# List of cities and towns in Republika Srpska

This is a list of cities and towns in Republika Srpska:
* Banja Luka
* Berkovići
* Bijeljina
* Kostajnica
* Kozarska Dubica
* Bosanski Brod
* Bosanska Gradiška
* Derventa
* Doboj (RS)
* Foča
* Istočno Sarajevo (RS)
* Laktaši
* Modriča
* Nevesinje
* Novi Grad (RS)
* Petrovo
* Prijedor
* Prnjavor
* Srebrenica
* Teslić
* Trebinje
* Višegrad
* Zvornik
* Sipovo
# Melaleuca teretifolia

Melaleuca teretifolia is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with long, thin leaves and clusters of usually white flowers along considerable lengths of the branches in late spring and summer.

## Description

Melaleuca teretifolia is a shrub which grows to a height of 5 m (20 ft) with light coloured papery bark and glabrous foliage. Its leaves are arranged alternately, 30–90 mm (1–4 in) long and 0.6–1.2 mm (0.02–0.05 in) wide. They are linear, almost circular in cross section, needle-like and with a sharp point on the end.
The flowers are usually white but sometimes creamy white or a shade of pink. They are arranged in heads of 4 to 15 flowers up to 25 mm (1 in) in diameter arranged along the sides of the branches. The stamens are arranged in five bundles around the flowers and each bundle usually contains 6 to 8 stamens but sometimes up to 12. Flowering occurs between October and January and is followed by fruit which are woody capsules 2.5–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long.

## Taxonomy and naming

Melaleuca teretifolia was first formally described in 1837 by Stephan Endlicher in Enumaratio plantarum. The specific epithet (teretifolia) is from derived from the Latin words teres meaning "rounded"$^{:249}$ and folium meaning "a leaf"$^{:123}$ referring to the shape of the leaves as being almost circular in cross-section.
Its Noongar name is Banbar.

## Distribution and habitat

Melaleuca teretifolia occurs in and between the Watheroo and Capel districts in the Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain biogeographic regions. It grows in sand and clay in swamps and in low areas that fill with water in wet weather.

## Conservation

This species is classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.

## Use in horticulture

A cultivar of this species known as "Georgina Molloy" is available in specialist nurseries. It has red flowers. Melaleucas can be grown from seed but Georgina Molloy must be grown from cuttings to keep its particular features. It is suited to temperate climates and requires well-drained soil. (Georgina Molloy was an early settler and botanical collector.)
# Lulu (2014 film)

Lulu is a 2014 Argentine drama film directed by Luis Ortega. It was selected to be screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Nahuel Pérez Biscayart
* Ailín Salas
* Daniel Melingo
# Palivuk

Palivuk (Паливук) is a sparsely populated town in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska, Kotor-Varoš Municipality. In 1991, the village had 391 residents, but by 2013 that number had dropped to just 24 citizens.

## Geography

Palivuk is located on a conspicuous hill on the slopes of the right bank of the Vrbanja river in Bosnia-Herzegovina. It stands at an elevation of approximately 2,560 feet. The local roads are connected to the regional route R-540: Kruševo Brdo – Šiprage – Obodnik – Kotor Varoš – Banja Luka.

## History

The location of Palivuk is a very old settlement. It is believed that its history is related to events related to old indigenous Bosnian settlements in the valley of the Vrbanja River and Illyrian.
During World War II, the village took part in the resistance against Nazi occupation and was a small Yugoslav Partisan refuge in January 1944. The town received a large number of wounded resistance fighters who were evacuated from areas in the gorge around the Cakewalk river (near Šiprage) during the Sixth enemy offensive. Because of Palivuk's distance and remoteness from larger local population centers, the village was a safe refuge for many residents of the region when the German Nazi forces advanced.
During the War in Bosnia (1992–95), Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) police and paramilitary forces demolished the surrounding Bosniaks villages. The demolition was particularly concentrated upstream from Palivuk, along the Vrbanja to Kruševo Brdo, as well as all Bosnian villages downstream to Banja Luka. Many local residents were killed, and the majority were expelled from the region. After the end of the war in 1996, many Bosnian villages around Šiprage were partly restored via efforts from the new Government and the soldiers of Bhe ELUGA (battalion abbv. Belgium – Luxembourg – Greece – Austria);, with activities of EUFOR-SFOR-Missiona. However, Palivuk was not involved in this program of renewal.

## Population
### Palivuk (Major City)

| Ethnic group | 1991 |
| Serbs | |
| Bosniaks | 252 |
| Yugoslavs | 1 |
| Other | 1 |
| Total | 254 |

### Census Area

Palivuk :
| Census Year | 2013 | 1991 |
| Bosniaks | 24 (100,0%) | 252 (64,45%) |
| Serbs | | 137 (35,04%) |
| Yugoslavs | | 1 (0,256%) |
| Others and unknown | | 1 (0,256%) |
| Total | 24 | 391 |
# String Prairie, Texas

String Prairie is an unincorporated community in Bastrop County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 125 in 2000. It is located within the Greater Austin metropolitan area.

## History

Settlement of String Prairie began before the Civil War. A post office was established at String Prairie in 1886 and remained in operation until 1929, with George Zimmerman as the first postmaster. By 1890, the town had a general store, a cotton gin, and a pharmacist. From 1890 to 1914, String Prairie's population rose from 25 to 400. With growth, the community added new businesses, including three blacksmith shops, grocery and drug stores, as well as a millinery establishment. Then and now, Saint Mary of the Assumption Church has been a hub of social life.
The population declined through the remainder of the decade and by 1930, had returned to only 25 individuals. However, following World War II, it increased to 50, in the late 1940s, and then to 75, in the late 1960s. Over the next 40 years, it grew to 125.

## Geography

Located on Texas State Highway 304, the town is 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Rosanky and 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Austin. It is also located 20 mi (32 km) west of Bastrop.

## Education

In 1924, residents built a one-teacher school using funds acquired through a fifty-cent school tax. Today, the community is served by the Smithville Independent School District.
# Jaylon Jones

Jaylon Jones may refer to:
* Jaylon Jones (American football, born 1997), American football cornerback for the Chicago Bears
* Jaylon Jones (American football, born 2002), American football cornerback for the Indianapolis Colts
# Vĩnh Bình, An Giang

Vĩnh Bình is a rural commune (xã) of Châu Thành District in An Giang Province, Vietnam.
# The Fabric of Verse

The Fabric of Verse is the first Independent album by Christian Contemporary-Folk musician Bebo Norman. The album was his debut and his only album released through Anchor Records prior to his work with Watershed Records. This album was released in 1996 and was produced by Ed Cash.
# Periwinkle (film)

Periwinkle is a 1917 American silent film directed by James Kirkwood and starring Mary Miles Minter. It was based on the 1910 novel Periwinkle; an Idyl of the Dunes written by William Farquhar Payson. As with many of Minter's features, it is thought to be a lost film.

## Plot

As described in various film magazine reviews, Periwinkle (Minter) was rescued from a shipwreck as a baby by the members of a remote coast-guard station. She is raised by Ann Scudder (Schaefer) and her elderly father Ephraim (Periolat), and cared for by all of the men at the coastguard station. When she grows older, she helps them when there are shipwrecks.
One night, Periwinkle helps to rescue Dick Langdon (Fisher), a wealthy and carefree New York socialite, from the wreck of his yacht. She nurses him back to health at the coast-guard station, where they fall in love. Langdon, however, is engaged to another, and Periwinkle is heartbroken when he recovers and is due to leave.
Meanwhile, realising that her adopted daughter loves Langdon, Ann Scudder finds the address of Langdon's fiancée and writes to her. Ann receives a telegram in reply, informing her that, in Langdon's absence, his fiancée has married another. She rushes to tell Langdon and Periwinkle and, with the approval of the men of the coast-guard station, the two are free to wed.

## Cast

* Mary Miles Minter - Periwinkle
* George Fisher - Richard Langdon Evans
* Arthur Howard - Jim Curran
* Clarence Burton - Sam Coffin
* Allan Forrest - Ira
* Harvey Clark - Captain Sears
* George Periolat - Ephraim Rawlins
* Anne Schaefer - Ann Scudder
* George Ahearn - Mortimer Hale
# Perfect Citizen

Perfect Citizen is a program designed in 2010 to perform vulnerability assessment by the United States National Security Agency on U.S. critical infrastructure. It was originally reported to be a program to develop a system of sensors to detect cyber attacks on critical infrastructure computer networks in both the private and public sector through a network monitoring system named Einstein. It is funded by the Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative and thus far Raytheon has received a contract for up to $100 million for the initial stage.
The program was originally reported to be designed to monitor for, as well as neutralize and counter, cyberattacks against government agencies and private companies in critical parts of the U.S. private sector including defense, power plants, transportation, and major internet firms. The program is the successor to a previous surveillance project called "April Strawberry".
The project is still in an early stage, "but NSA officials have reportedly met with utility executives and politely asked them to cooperate with the surveillance." Although participation is still voluntary, the government has offered incentives such as additional contracts to those who comply.

## Controversy

The program, which is described by critics as "Big Brother", has raised privacy concerns as well as concerns over government intervention in the private sector.
# Permanent change of station

In the United States Armed Forces, a permanent change of station (PCS) is the assignment, detail, or transfer of a member or unit to a different duty station under competent orders which neither specify the duty as temporary, nor provide for further assignment to a new station, nor direct return to the old station. (For a more detailed definition, see the Joint Travel Regulations (JTR), Appendix A.).
This is distinct from a permanent change of assignment (PCA), which describes the reassignment of active duty personnel to a new unit within the same military post.
This term is also used for other United States government employees, such as a Foreign Service Officer, special agent, diplomats, and other civilian, non-military personnel, being stationed in embassies and consulates around the world.

## Temporary duty assignment

In contrast, a temporary duty assignment is a shorter-term change of station, usually less than six months.

## Travel expenses

Traditionally, the cost of transportation for an officer and their family was initially paid for by the officer receiving the PCS orders, and they would be reimbursed upon arrival for expenses and pay en route. Lieutenant Commander Joseph P. Fyffe changed this custom in 1870 when he was assigned to travel from New England to San Francisco in order to take a new assignment. Since he had no funds for travel, he walked. He strapped his dress sword to a small suitcase and began walking from New England to San Francisco, sending a telegram each night showing his progress and nightly accommodations. After five days on the road, his shoes gave out, and he sent this telegram: "30 August 1870. En route X on foot X requested recruiting officer be authorized issue me new shoes X shoes fell apart noon today X entered Albany [New York] barefooted X will remain Seward Hotel two days awaiting answer X earned my keep as bartender X local rum far superior to that served in the US Navy X am sending sample X very respectfully Fyffe." The next day, the local recruiting station received a telegram from the Secretary of the Navy advancing funds for the transportation of officers to their new duty stations. "Pass following message to Lt. Comdr J. P. Fyffe USN now at Seward Hotel Bar Quote I strike my colors X United States Secretary of the Navy authorizes recruiting officer Albany issue you shoes and provide you quickest transportation from Albany to San Francisco X Even Chief Bureau of Navigation can laugh when outsmarted X unquote X Respectfully Bureau of Navigation".

## Footnotes

* ↑ Lederer, William J. All the Ship's at Sea. New York: Sloane, 1950. Condensed and reprinted in Treasury of Wit & Humor. Pleasantville, N.Y.: Reader's Digest Association, 1958. Pages 24-26.
# Permanent Way Institution

The Permanent Way Institution is a technical Institution which aims to provide technical knowledge, advice and support to all those engaged in rail infrastructure systems worldwide.
Permanent Way is used to describe the course of a railway line, including the components that form the track, aggregate that supports the track and the civil engineering assets covering bridges, tunnels, viaducts and earthworks.

## Sections

The Permanent Way Institution is split up into a number of sections throughout the United Kingdom and also has internationally located sections across the world.
Membership is open to anyone who is either actively involved in the rail industry, retired or just has a general interest in rail infrastructure engineering.
Home Sections are:
Ashford, Croydon & Brighton, Glasgow, London, North Wales, Wessex, Birmingham, Darlington & NE, Manchester & Liverpool,
Nottingham & Derby, South & West Wales, West Yorkshire, Bristol & West of England, Edinburgh, Lancaster, Barrow & Carlisle, Milton Keynes, Sheffield & Doncaster, Thames Valley, York

## Membership Grades

* Student/Apprentice
* Member (holders can use the post-nominal letters MPWI)
* Fellow (holders can use the post-nominal letters FPWI)
The Permanent Way Institution has been a licensed member of the Engineering Council since 2019, and can assess and register candidates with Engineering Technician (EngTech), Incorporated Engineer (IEng) and Chartered Engineer (CEng) status.

## Presidents

* 1884, William Meredith Lewis (founded the Permanent Way Institution)
* 1922, Alfred W. Szlumper
* 1926, Alexander Newlands
* Steven Bell
* 2023 Peter Dearman
* 2024 Mona Sihota

## Publications

* The Journal (technical journal published quarterly)
* Understanding Track Engineering - An essential introduction to the theory and practice of railway track engineering in the UK
* Design of Railway Switches & Crossings in Flat Bottom Rail
* Design of Railway Track in Bull Head Rail
* Plain Line Maintenance of Track
* Switch & Crossing Track Maintenance
* Track Terminology
# Permission Impossible: Britain's Planners

Permission Impossible: Britain's Planners is a British fly-on-the-wall television documentary series broadcast on BBC Two, which follows local council planning officers as they deal with applications for planning permission. It is the successor to The Planners.
Permission Impossible: Britain's Planners follows the work of council planning officers in the United Kingdom, including planners from Broxbourne Borough Council, Denbighshire County Council, Cheshire West and Chester Council, Stroud District Council and Torfaen County Borough Council.
The series, which consists of eight episodes, began on 25 February 2014 and was broadcast each week-night from Tuesday to Friday on BBC Two at 7pm, over a two-week period.
# Permission culture

Permission culture is a term often employed by Lawrence Lessig and other copyright activists such as Luis Villa and Nina Paley to describe a society in which copyright restrictions are pervasive and enforced to the extent that any and all uses of copyrighted works need to be explicitly leased. This has both economic and social implications: in such a society, copyright holders could require payment for each use of a work and, perhaps more importantly, permission to make any sort of derivative work.
Lawrence Lessig describes permission culture in contrast with free culture. While permission culture describes a society in which previous creators or those with power must grant people permission to use material, free culture ensures that anyone is able to create without restrictions from the past. An example Lessig cites in his book, Free Culture, is photography. In this example, if the legal environment surrounding the early stages of photography had been stricter with what constituted ownership and leaned more towards permission culture, photography would have developed in a drastically different manner and would be limited.
An implication of permission culture is that creators are blocked by systemic procedures and this discourages innovation. Requiring permission in this sense means that creators will have to prove their usage of material is fair, even where legally unnecessary, which is a process that some would decide not to continue.
This term is often contrasted with remix culture.
# Perittopus falciformis

Perittopus falciformis is a species of riffle bug from China, first described in 2013 by Zhen Ye, Pingping Chen and Wenjun Bu, based on apterous specimens collected in Yunnan Province at an altitude of 1500 m. Winged specimens of either sex are thus far unknown.

## Taxonomy

Based on male genital characteristics, Perittopus falciformis can be placed to the "western species group" in Perittopus, and appears closely related to Perittopus zhengi and Perittopus laosensis.