OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oude Ram Afrikaner

Oude Ram Afrikaner (early 18th century in the Tulbagh farmlands in South Africa – around 1760 in Cape Town) was the leader of a clan that later became known as the Orlam Afrikaners, a sub-group of the Orlam. The clan consisted of mixed-race descendants from indigenous Khoikhoi and slaves from Madagascar, India, and Indonesia. Members of this mixed race are today sometimes called African Creole people or Creole Africans, as well as Coloureds.
The group around Oude Ram was the first to refer to themselves not as being from a specific tribe but to use the continental description, African. This is how Oude Ram and his descendants got the surname Afrikaner, and their language the name Afrikaans. Only much later in the second half of the 19th century did the Cape Dutch adopt this attribution, too. The Khoi and mixed-race peoples became known, collectively, as Coloureds, a term which was introduced by the British administration. There is not much known about the biography of Oude Ram and the Orlams' pre-1760 history. It is documented that his clan came in conflict with the Dutch East India Company. Subsequently, he and his son Afrikaner Afrikaner were banned from the Cape Colony and sentenced to life in prison. While Oude Ram probably died soon after the conviction, his son Afrikaner became one of the first prisoners of Robben Island in 1761. He died there on 25 June 1777. His other son, Klaas, was exonerated and led the clan from the Cape Colony to South-West Africa in the 1770s.
Oude Ram Afrikaner was the first in the genealogy of the Orlam Afrikaners. After Oude Ram had died and his son Klaas trekked with the clan to South-West Africa, the group dominated the area that today is central Namibia for almost 100 years. This rule and domination started some time after Klaas Afrikaner and his sons moved to South-West Africa in the 1770s and founded the fortress ǁKhauxaǃnas at the end of the 18th century, and it ended with the death of Christian Afrikaner, Oude Ram's great grandson, in 1863.
# Oude Rijn (Gelderland)

Oude Rijn ("Old Rhine"; not to be confused with the Alter Rhein) is the name of a long former bend in river Rhine in the Dutch province of Gelderland.
In summer the bend became too shallow to be navigable, and so between 1701 and 1709 it was cut off from the main waterway near the town of Lobith and replaced by the Pannerdens Kanaal. After the bend was dammed-up at Tolkamer, the Oude Rijn received little water from the Rhine proper. Instead, most of its inflow now comes from the small river Wild. Near the Oude Rijn are several more, smaller, Old Rhine branches. Together they are known as the Rijnstrangen ("Rhine Bends"), a wildlife reserve area that is part of the Gelderse Poort.
The Oude Rijn, which forms the border between the Dutch town of Lobith and the German town of Elten, was still used to relieve the overflow of the Rhine in times of flooding until the middle of the twentieth century. Opposite the town of Angeren, the Pannerdens Kanaal connects to the Oude Rijn, after which the river continues towards the sea as Nederrijn (Lower Rhine).
# Skerdi Bejzade

Skerdi Bejzade (born 30 November 1974) is an Albanian football coach and former player who is head coach of Erzeni in the Kategoria Superiore.

## Managerial career

On 3 December 2010, Bejzade became the manager of Albanian First Division side KS Kamza. He left as manager of the club on 10 June 2011 ahead of their first-ever season in the Albanian Superliga, as his children were to begin their education in Germany.
In June 2012, he was named technical director of Elbasani.
# Skogsberg

Skogsberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eva Bengtson Skogsberg (born 1951), Swedish politician
* Ingvar Skogsberg (born 1937), Swedish film director and screenwriter
# Our Lady of Guadalupe Co-Cathedral

Our Lady of Guadalupe Co-Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in the city of Belmopan, Belize. It serves as a co-cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Belize City-Belmopan with the Holy Redeemer Cathedral in Belize City. In 2009 a secular missionary priest from the United States, attached to the church, was embroiled in a sex scandal when he was sued by a man who claimed to have been sexually assaulted by him in the United States in the 1990s.
# Owen McCarron

Owen McCarron (1929 in Halifax, Nova Scotia – June 27, 2005) was a Canadian comics artist and publisher.
As a publisher, he was a prolific packager of promotional comic books. He also produced work for American comic book publishers, including Charlton Comics, DC Comics and Marvel. He also created Louie the Lightning Bug for the Alabama Power Company in 1983.

## Career

For thirty-two years McCarron worked for the Hallifax Herald Limited, publishers of The Chronicle-Herald and The Mail Star, which are distributed throughout the province of Nova Scotia. His "Fun and Games" puzzles entertained and delighted readers for over thirty-two years. McCarron pitched the same concept behind his original puzzles to his friend Marvel Comics publisher Stan Lee, who quickly approved the long-running strip, Marvel Fun And Games, and gave puzzlemaster McCarron free rein on the comic book series of the same name. He also self-published many comic books at his own expense, most were giveaways intended to entertain children during the 1960s and 1970s. McCarron was very easy-going, family-oriented, friendly, and was always ready to share his jokes and good-natured sense of humour. One of his relatives is the NHL hockey star, Sidney Crosby.
Despite living in Nova Scotia, McCarron managed to establish himself in the American comics scene. He drew, inked and coloured many war and western-themed stories for Charlton Comics, and later working for DC, before settling at Marvel Comics working on Ghost Rider, Spidey Super Stories, and other titles, including Marvel Fun and Games.
McCarron's reputation for speed and reliability made him one of Stan Lee’s go-to men for emergency work. In the early 1960s he had the opportunity to do a cover (never published) for a new Marvel comic called Spider-Man. That alternate take on the cover to The Amazing Spider-Man #10 remains with McCarron's family to this day.
Owen McCarron died in 2005. A productive storyteller and historian, McCarron was spotted just days before his death at his local library, hard at work on his next project. On December 6, 2017, twelve years after his death, the Halifax Herald published a cartoon he had drawn in anticipation of the 100th anniversary of the Halifax Explosion.

## Awards

The walls of McCarron's home were festooned with countless gifts he'd received of signed original artwork, including some by Charles Schulz, Alex Raymond, and many others. There were also signed letters from President Ronald and Nancy Reagan as well as Bill Clinton, thanking Owen McCarron for his lifetime of comic art.
Among his numerous honours was a Nova Scotia Environment Award for advancing environmental concerns through perspective written stories from his various characters. In 2006, the year after his death, he was inducted into the Joe Shuster Award's Canadian Comic Book Creator Hall of Fame, which celebrates that achievements of landmark Canadian comics artists such as McCarron.

## Death

McCarron died June 27, 2005, and was survived by his wife, Dorothy, four sons and a stepdaughter.
# Skede

Skede may refer to:
* Šķēde, suburb of Liepāja, Latvia
* Skede, Sweden, village in Vetlanda Municipality, Sweden
# Jacob Strickler

Jacob Strickler (1770–June 24, 1842) was an American fraktur artist.
Strickler was born in the community of Massanutten, Virginia, in a portion of Shenandoah County which later became part of Page County. He was descended from the company of Mennonites who had moved to the region from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania by 1733. Evidence suggests that he was a Mennonite preacher and schoolteacher in addition to creating fraktur. His earliest surviving work, dated 1787, already reveals him to be an accomplished calligrapher with his own distinctive personal vocabulary of symbols, including inverted hearts with flowers at their tips, sawtooth patterns, and comma-shaped serifs. Nearly a dozen surviving pieces, dating from 1787 to 1815, are known, including two birth records; two writing exercises; three uncolored practice designs; two religious allegories; a third, secular writing exercise; and another small drawing. These last two bear motifs reminiscent of those found on a tall-case clock made by a neighbor and relative, Johannes Spitler. The nature of Strickler's training is unknown, but his work bears certain similarities to that by more prolific fraktur artists from Pennsylvania, such as Daniel Schumacher. He evinced great confidence in his own work, in 1794 writing: "the paper is my field and the pen is my plow. This is why I am so clever. The ink is my seed with which I write my name." At his death Strickler was interred in the family cemetery on his property.
Several works by, or attributed to, Strickler are held by the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum. Another piece is in the collection of the Winterthur Museum; one is also owned by the American Folk Art Museum.
# Spruce Run, New Jersey

Spruce Run is an unincorporated community located along County Route 628 (Hill Road) and Spruce Run Road within Lebanon Township in Hunterdon County, New Jersey. It is about 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Glen Gardner.

## History

A school house was built here in 1766. Subsequent ones were built in 1825 and 1874. In 1800, the Lutheran and Reformed congregations built a union church. The current Spruce Run Evangelical Lutheran Zion Church was built in 1870.
# Isaac ben Moses

Isaac ben Moses can refer to:
* Isaac ben Moses of Vienna (c. 1200–70), Viennese rabbi
* Profiat Duran (c. 1350 – 1415) (Hebrew name Isaac ben Moses ha-Levi), physician and philosopher
* Isaac ben Moses Arama (1420–94), Spanish rabbi
# Hudson baronets

There have been two Hudson Baronetcies, both of which are now extinct. A third, which began with Sir Charles Hudson, 1st Baronet of Wanlip Hall on 21 June 1791, changed name with the second Baronet becoming the Palmer baronets.

## Hudson baronets of Melton Mowbray, Leics (1660)

The Hudson Baronetcy of Melton Mowbray, in the County of Leicester was created on 3 July 1660, in the Baronetage of England, for Henry Hudson. It became extinct on the death of the 7th Baronet in c. 1781
* Sir Henry Hudson, 1st Baronet (c. 1609–1690)
* Sir Edward Hudson, 2nd Baronet (c. 1637–1702)
* Sir Benjamin Hudson, 3rd Baronet (c. 1665–1730)
* Sir Charles Hudson, 4th Baronet (died 1752)
* Sir Skeffington Hudson, 5th Baronet (1683–1760)
* Sir Charles Hudson, 6th Baronet (died 1773)
* Sir Charles Vallavine Hudson, 7th Baronet (1755–c. 1781)

## Hudson baronets of North Hackney, Middlesex (1942)

The Hudson Baronetcy of North Hackney, in the County of Middlesex was created on 9 July 1942, in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom, for the Conservative Party politician Austin Hudson. It became extinct on his death in 1956.
* Sir Austin Uvedale Morgan Hudson, 1st Baronet (1897–1956)
# Krajna Landscape Park

Krajna Landscape Park (Krajeński Park Krajobrazowy) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in the Krajna region of north-central Poland. The Park was established in 1998, and covers an area of 543.95 square kilometres (210.02 sq mi).
The Park lies within Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship: in Nakło County (Gmina Mrocza) and Sępólno County (Gmina Sępólno Krajeńskie, Gmina Kamień Krajeński, Gmina Sośno, Gmina Więcbork).
Within the Landscape Park are five nature reserves.
# Lastreopsis subrecedens

Lastreopsis subrecedens is a species of fern in the family Dryopteridaceae. It is endemic to China. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Zari Sarfaraz

Begum Zari Sarfaraz (28 July 1923 – 27 April 2008) was a noted early political activist and committed social worker of North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Pakistan.

## Early life and family

Zari Sarfaraz was born in 28 July 1923, to a wealthy Pashtun family of Mardan, in the North West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in present-day Pakistan) of British India. Her father was Sarfaraz Khan, a wealthy landlord of the area. She was the eldest of 3 surviving children, and the elder sister of the late Mir Afzal Khan, a former chief minister of NWFP and former senator. Her other brother Mr Aziz Sarfarz, is a Pakistani businessman.
As a child, she was sent as a full boarder pupil to the Presentation Convent School, Srinagar, and after completing her higher secondary schooling, she returned home to Mardan. She aspired to become a medical doctor, but her father's early and untimely death forced her to adopt the main role in managing the family property and businesses.
Zari Sarfaraz was briefly married to a relative at the age of 19, who died a mere 18 months into their marriage. She never had any children of her own nor did she remarry, preferring instead to dedicate herself to public service and a number of new business ventures.

## Career

From around 1943 to 1944, Begum Zari Sarfaraz successfully expanded her family business, including the Premier Sugar Mills and Distillery Company Ltd, in Mardan, and also set up other entrepreneurial ventures in various places.
Around this time, she also became deeply interested in the rapidly expanding Pakistan Movement. She became a leading young member of this movement and played an active role in furthering the Muslim League's cause whilst also running her own business from 1945 onwards.
After Partition and the Independence of Pakistan in 1947, she remained an active political worker and leader of the Muslim League and was in due course elected as a member of the West Pakistan National Assembly in 1962.

## Later life and career

During the presidency of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, she headed the 15-member Pakistan National Commission on the Status of Women in 1985 and recommended drastic changes in the existing laws to end discrimination against women. During this time, she also served as the Federal Minister for Women Development. She also headed All Pakistan Women Association (APWA), and was a life member of the Pakistan Red Crescent Society and a close associate of senior social workers such as Lady Viqar un Nisa Noon, Dr. Attiya Inayatullah and others.
She continued politics in till her retirement in 1969 when she got “aloof” from it, as the “style and pattern” of politics had changed
Zari Sarfaraz died at age 83, at her residence in Islamabad, in April 2008.
# Yunohamella gibbosa

Yunohamella gibbosa is a species of comb-footed spider in the family Theridiidae. It is found in China.
# Yulei

Yulei may refer to:
* Marilynessa yulei, snail in the family Camaenidae
* Mylothris yulei, butterfly in the family Pieridae
* Yulei Township in Wen County, Gansu, China
* Yulei (deity) or Yulü, Chinese guardian deity
# York (1783 ship)

York was launched in 1783 at Archangel. She traded with Northern Russia until 1792 when the Sierra Leone Company purchased her for use as a storeship. She was burnt at Sierra Leone on 30 November 1793.

## Career

York first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) inn 1783.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1783 | J.Randall | Staniforth | Archangel–London | LR |
| 1792 | J.Randall S.Hebden | Staniforth Sierra Leone Company | London–Onega London–Africa | LR |
In 1792 the Sierra Leone Company purchased York to use her as a storeship. On 9 May York, Hebden, master, sailed for Sierra Leone. In June Lloyd's List reported that she had sprung a leak and had had to put back into Plymouth. She sailed for Sierra Leone again on 30 July.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1794 | S.Hebden | Sierra Leone Company | London–Africa | LR |

## Fate

Lloyd's List reported in February 1794 that the company's storeship York had burnt at Sierra Leone.
On 30 November 1793 York caught fire. She was holding £4–15,000 of African produce. Her master appears to have been Captain Wallace. Her crew, the crew of Harpy, and most of the people on shore provided no assistance. Captain Telford, master of Harpy, and the mate from York did what they could, but to no avail.
# Ypsilon (disambiguation)

Ypsilon (Υ or υ) is another name for upsilon, the 20th letter of the Greek alphabet.
The spelling Ypsilon may also refer to:
* Lancia Ypsilon, a car
* Ypsilon (bridge), a bridge in Norway
* Ypsilon, Kyrgia, Doxato, Drama, Greece; a village
* Ypsilon Mountain, a mountain in Colorado, USA
* Ypsilon (Scheme implementation), a software implementation
# Yuki, Tokushima

Yuki (由岐町, Yuki-chō) was a town located in Kaifu District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,356 and a density of 144.91 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 23.16 km$^2$.
On March 31, 2006, Yuki, along with the town of Hiwasa (also from Kaifu District), was merged to create the town of Minami.
# Yūrinkan Museum

The Yūrinkan Museum (有鄰館) or Fujii Saiseikai Yūrinkan (藤井斉成会有鄰館) is a private museum of East Asian art in Kyōto, Japan. Established in 1926 by entrepreneur and politician Fujii Zensuke (1860–1934), it is the second oldest private museum in Japan, after the Ōkura Shūkokan. The collection, particularly strong in Chinese art from the Shang to the Qing, includes one National Treasure and nine Important Cultural Properties.

## Name

The museum's name is taken from the Analects of Confucius and "expresses this feeling of good neighbourly relations".

## Collection

The Yūrinkan's collection of Chinese art includes bronzes, ceramics, Buddhist statues, seals, calligraphic works, textiles, and paintings, as well as nearly a hundred manuscripts from Dunhuang, including twenty-three in Uighur and others in Tibetan, Mongolian, and Sanskrit. The museum's National Treasure consists of a fragmentary Tang manuscript of a commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals.

## Buildings

The main building or "Fujii Saiseikai Yūrinkan Building No.1" of 1926 was built to a design by Takeda Goichi (武田五一) to house Fujii Kensuke's (藤井善助) collection of Chinese art. In a Chinese style both inside and out, it is topped by an octagonal pavilion with thirty-six thousand yellow glazed roof tiles dating to the time of the Qianlong Emperor. The building is a registered (as opposed to designated) Municipal Tangible Cultural Property.
The annex or "Fujii Saiseikai Yūrinkan Building No.2" dates to the beginning of the Taishō era (1912–1926). Formerly the western-style building of the Yokoyama Mining Office (横山鉱業部), it was relocated from Kanazawa to Kyōto at the time of the enthronement of the Shōwa Emperor in 1928, to accommodate the Minister of Finance. It is registered as a National Tangible Cultural Property, alongside the 1928 storage facility.

## Access

The museum is open to the public on the first and third Sunday of each month, excepting January and August.
# Zadora

Zadora may refer to:
* Zadora coat of arms, a Polish coat of arms
* Pia Zadora (born 1954), American actress and singer
* Stanisław Zadora (born 1949), Polish politician
# Yuki Yoshida

Yuki Yoshida (born c.1914) was a Japanese-Canadian film editor and film producer. In 1978, Yoshida received an academy award for I'll Find a Way in the Best Short Film category with Beverly Shaffer.

## Life

After her mother's death in 1925, Yoshida did not return to school. Even when the war was over, there was little reason to make up her education. Back then, the chances of getting a job were too uncertain. Moreover, the idea of having a career was unfamiliar to most of the women in Yoshida's generation, especially those who, like Yoshida, grew up in rural Japanese communities. In the summer of 1944, towards the end of the Second World War, Yoshida and her sister left the incarceration camp in Tashme, British Columbia.

## Career in Film

In the late 1940s, Yoshida got a job at the National Film Board of Canada in Ottawa, where she worked until the mid-1960s as editor of, among others, the films Ducks, of Course (1966) and Tuktu and the Snow Palace (1967). In 1975, she became a technical producer in Studio D, a women's production unit that emerged in response to a directive from the Canadian government for more women in technical professions. Shortly before retiring in 1978, she was a member of the team that received an Academy Award for the film I'll Find a Way. In the film, she processes, among other things, her own childhood memories.

## Filmography

* Ducks, of Course (1966)
* Tuktu and the Snow Palace (1967)
* The North Has Changed (1967)
* The Accessible Arctic (1967)
* Tuktu and the Clever Hands (1968)
* Veronica (1977)
* I'll Find a Way (1977)
* How They Saw Us: Needles and Pins (1977)
* Beautiful Lennard Island (1977)
# Yuki ni Tsubasa

Yuki ni Tsubasa: Esper meets girl ＠ northern small town (雪にツバサ, "Wings in the Snow") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Shin Takahashi. It was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Magazine from July 2011 to May 2013, with its chapters collected in eight tankōbon volumes. A sequel, titled Yuki ni Tsubasa: Haru, was serialized in the same magazine from May 2013 to February 2015, with its chapters collected in eight tankōbon volumes.

## Publication

Written and illustrated by Shin Takahashi, Kanata-Kakeru was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Magazine from July 16, 2011, to May 13, 2013. Kodansha collected its chapters in eight tankōbon volumes, released from December 6, 2011, to December 20, 2013.
A sequel to the manga, titled Yuki ni Tsubasa: Haru (雪にツバサ・春, "Wings in Snow: Spring"), was serialized in the same magazine from May 27, 2013, to February 2, 2015. Kodansha collected its chapters in eight tankōbon volumes, released from May 2, 2014, to October 6, 2015.

### Volumes
#### Yuki ni Tsubasa

| No. | Japanese release date | Japanese ISBN |
| 1 | December 6, 2011 | 978-4-06-382119-2 |
| 2 | January 23, 2012 | 978-4-06-382126-0 |
| 3 | May 7, 2012 | 978-4-06-382177-2 |
| 4 | September 6, 2012 | 978-4-06-382217-5 |
| 5 | December 21, 2012 | 978-4-06-382246-5 |
| 6 | May 2, 2013 | 978-4-06-382297-7 |
| 7 | September 6, 2013 | 978-4-06-382348-6 |
| 8 | December 20, 2013 | 978-4-06-382388-2 |

#### Yuki ni Tsubasa: Haru

| No. | Japanese release date | Japanese ISBN |
| 1 | May 2, 2014 | 978-4-06-382449-0 |
| 2 | August 6, 2014 | 978-4-06-382505-3 |
| 3 | November 6, 2014 | 978-4-06-382529-9 |
| 4 | December 5, 2014 | 978-4-06-382541-1 |
| 5 | March 6, 2015 | 978-4-06-382562-6 |
| 6 | May 1, 2015 | 978-4-06-382587-9 |
| 7 | July 6, 2015 | 978-4-06-382628-9 |
| 8 | October 6, 2015 | 978-4-06-382677-7 |
# Zafra brunneastriata

Zafra brunneastriata is a species of sea snail in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 4.1 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia.
# Zaprochilus

Zaprochilus, the twig-mimicking katydids, is a genus of bush crickets or katydids in the subfamily Zaprochilinae. They are found in Australia.

## Species

The genus Zaprochilus contains the following species:
* Zaprochilus australis (Brullé, 1835) - type species
* Zaprochilus jingemarra Rentz, 1993
* Zaprochilus mongabarra Rentz, 1993
* Zaprochilus ninae Rentz, 1993
# Zaprochilus ninae

Zaprochilus ninae is a species of insect in family Tettigoniidae. It is endemic to Australia.
# Zdroje

Zdroje may refer to:
* Zdroje, Brodnica County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Zdroje, Tuchola County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Zdroje, Gmina Czarna Białostocka in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Zdroje, Gmina Supraśl in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Zdroje, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Zdroje, Piła County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Zdroje, Szamotuły County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Zdroje, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Zdroje, Świdwin County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
* Zdroje, Szczecin
# Zathecus

Zathecus graphites is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Zathecus.