OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pultenaea adunca

Pultenaea adunca is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is an erect, spindly shrub with hairy, needle-shaped leaves and yellow and red flowers.

## Description

Pultenaea adunca is an erect, spindly shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.3–1.0 m (1 ft 0 in – 3 ft 3 in). The leaves are needle-shaped, 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in) long and 0.8–1.4 mm (0.031–0.055 in) wide and hairy with stipules at the base. The flowers are yellow and red with red and yellow markings. Each flower is borne on a pedicel 0.6–2.5 mm (0.024–0.098 in) long with hairy bracteoles 1.5–2.5 mm (0.059–0.098 in) long at the base. The sepals are 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) long and hairy. The standard petal is 6.5–10.4 mm (0.26–0.41 in) long and glabrous, the wings are 6–8.5 mm (0.24–0.33 in) long and the keel 6.8–8.2 mm (0.27–0.32 in) long. Flowering occurs in March and October and the fruit is an oval pod.

## Taxonomy and naming

Pultenaea adunca was first formally described in 1853 by Nikolai Turczaninow in the Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou from specimens collected by James Drummond. The specific epithet (adunca) means "bent forward or hooked", referring to the leaves.

## Distribution

This pultenaea grows in the south of Western Australia between Jerramungup, Lake Grace and Esperance.

## Conservation status

Pultenaea adunca is classified as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.
# Kohanza Reservoir

The Kohanza Reservoir was a reservoir in Danbury, Connecticut. Construction was completed in 1866. It was the first of many reservoirs built to supply Danbury's hat factories. The dam broke on January 31, 1869. The ensuing flood of ice and water killed 11 people in half an hour, and caused major damage to many homes and farms, as well as uprooting trees and moving boulders.
The reservoir still exists in two smaller sections: Upper Kohanza Lake (41°25′24″N 73°29′37″W﻿ / ﻿41.4234°N 73.4935°W﻿ / 41.4234; -73.4935) and Lower Kohanza Lake (41°24′57″N 73°28′42″W﻿ / ﻿41.4157°N 73.4783°W﻿ / 41.4157; -73.4783).
# R. L. Carns

Raymond L. Carns was an American football coach. He served as the 11th head football coach at Doane College in Crete, Nebraska and he held that position for the 1908 season. His coaching record at Doane was 3–4.
Carns was also the athletic director for Omaha High School.
# Scopula brachypus

Scopula brachypus is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Prout in 1926. It is endemic to Burma.
# Scott Griffin (disambiguation)

Scott Griffin is a Canadian businessman and philanthropist.
Scott Griffin may also refer to:
* Scott Griffin (musician), bassist in L.A. Guns
* Scott Griffin (In Plain Sight character), television show character
* Scott Tracy Griffin, American writer, actor and expert on author Edgar Rice Burroughs
# Kyirong language

Kyirong is a language from the subgroup of Tibetic languages spoken in the Gyirong County of the Shigatse prefecture, of the Tibetan Autonomous Region.
Kyirong has lexical tone, with a three-tone system.

## Relationship to other languages

There is a varying degree of mutual intelligibility between Kyirong and other Kyirong-Yolmo varieties. It is most closely related to the Nubri and Gyalsomdo languages, and more distantly related to other languages in the family.

## Phonology
### Consonants

There are 36 consonants in Kyirong, which are summarized in the table below.
| | | Bilabial | Apico-Dental | Apico-Dental | Retroflex | Lamino- post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | n | | | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | ts | ʈ | tɕ | c | k | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | tsʰ | ʈʰ | tɕʰ | cʰ | kʰ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiced | b | d | dz | ɖ | dʑ | ɟ | ɡ | |
| Fricative | voiceless | | s | s | | ɕ | | | h |
| Fricative | voiced | | z | z | | ʑ | | | ɦ |
| Liquid | rhotic | | r | r | | | | | |
| Liquid | voiced lateral | | l | l | | | | | |
| Liquid | unvoiced lateral | | ɬ | ɬ | | | | | |
| Semivowel | Semivowel | w | | | | | j | | |

### Vowels

There are eight places of articulation for vowels. There is a length distinction at each place of articulation, as well as a long nasalised vowel.
| | | Front | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | oral | i iː | y yː | | u uː |
| Close | nasal | ĩː | ỹː | | ũː |
| Half-close | oral | e eː | ø øː | | |
| Half-close | nasal | ẽː | ø̃ː | | |
| Half-open | oral | ɛ ɛː | | | ɔ ɔː |
| Half-open | nasal | ɛ̃ː | | | ɔ̃ː |
| Open | oral | | | a aː | |
| Open | nasal | | | ãː | |

### Tone

Kyriong has a three tone system; high, medium and low. Low tone is often accompanied by breathy voice.

## Sources

* Hedlin, M. (2011). An Investigation of the relationship between the Kyirong, Yòlmo, and Standard Spoken Tibetan speech varieties. Masters thesis, Payap University, Chiang Mai.
* Huber, B. (2005). The Tibetan dialect of Lende (Kyirong). Beiträge zur tibetischen Erzählforschung, 15.
# Thyrea (lichen)

Thyrea is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lichinaceae. It contains four species that have been accepted by Species Fungorum. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1856, with Thyrea plectospora assigned as the type species.

## Species

* Thyrea confusa Henssen (1990)
* Thyrea girardii (Durieu & Mont.) Bagl. & Carestia (1881)
* Thyrea plectopsora A.Massal. (1856)
* Thyrea porphyrella M.Schultz, Büdel & Porembski (2001) – South America
# Massachusetts House of Representatives' 12th Hampden district

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 12th Hampden district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of Hampden County. Since 2007, Angelo J. Puppolo, Jr. of the Democratic Party has represented the district.

## Towns represented

The district includes the following localities:
* part of East Longmeadow
* part of Springfield
* Wilbraham
The current district geographic boundary overlaps with those of the Massachusetts Senate's 1st Hampden and Hampshire district and Hampden district.

## Representatives

* Raymond A. Jordan
* Benjamin Swan
* Gale D. Candaras
* Angelo J. Puppolo, Jr., 2007-current
# Pultenaea aristata

Pultenaea aristata, commonly known as bearded bush-pea or prickly bush-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a small, erect shrub with linear to narrow elliptic, sharp-tipped leaves, and yellow and red flowers.

## Description

Pultenaea aristata is an erect shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.4–1.0 m (1 ft 4 in – 3 ft 3 in). The leaves are linear to narrow elliptic, 8–22 mm (0.31–0.87 in) long and 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) wide tapering to a sharp point, and with stipules 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) long at the base. The upper and lower surfaces a similar shade of green and are covered with small pimples. The flowers are densely crowded at the ends of the branchlets with overlapping bracts at the base. Each flower is about 12 mm (0.47 in) long on a pedicel 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) long with linear to egg-shaped bracteoles 7–8 mm (0.28–0.31 in) long and with a hairy awn at the tip. The sepals are about 9 mm (0.35 in) long with sharp point. The standard petal is yellow to orange with reddish markings and 10–13 mm (0.39–0.51 in) long, the wings are yellow and the keel is red. Flowering occurs between September and October and the fruit is an oval pod.

## Taxonomy and naming

Pultenaea aristata was first formally described in 1825 by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in his Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis from an unpublished description by Franz Sieber. The specific epithet (aristata) means "awned".

## Distribution and habitat

Bearded bush-pea grows in woodland and heath on sandstone, from the southern suburbs of Sydney to Mount Keira near Wollongong.

## Conservation status

This pultenaea is classified as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. The main threats to the species include inappropriate fire regimes, understorey clearing and road widening and maintenance.
# Vernais

Vernais (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

## Geography

A forestry and farming village and a hamlet situated on the banks of the canal de Berry, about 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Bourges at the junction of the D76 and the D175 road. The river Auron forms part of the commune’s northern boundary and the Marmande a small part of its southern boundary.

## Sights

* The church of Notre-Dame, dating from the twelfth century.
# Quilt (disambiguation)

A quilt is a quilted blanket.
Quilt may also refer to:

## In general

* Duvet, bedding consisting of a bag filled with feathers or other material
* Quilting, a sewing technique
* Quilt art, a visual fine art

## Books

* The Quilt (Ismat Chughtai story)
* The Quilt, children's book by Ann Jonas 1984
* The Quilt, young adult novel by Gary Paulsen 2004
* The Quilt, novel by T. Davis Bunn 1993

## Music

* Quilt (band), a Boston-based psych-folk band
** Quilt (Quilt album), 2011
* Quilt (The Shams album), 1991
* The Quilt, a hip-hop album by Gym Class Heroes

## Other

* Quilt (software), a system for managing patches
* "The Quilt" (TV episode), a 1989 episode of Family Matters (TV series)
* QUILTBAG, a generalization of the LGBT acronym.
# Maribo Bryghus

Maribo Bryghus was a Danish brewery located in the town of Maribo. The brewery was founded in 1895 by Christian Jørgensen as Thor Brewery (Thor Bryggeri). It was renamed ten years later to avoid confusion with the Thor Brewery in Randers. In 1997 Maribo Bryghus was acquired by Albani Brewery, which later merged with Bryggerigruppen, now Royal Unibrew.
In 2007 it was decided to close the brewery in the first quarter of 2008. One of the reasons was the increase of the water price in Maribo. Maribo Bryghus was the discount brewery of Royal Unibrew. Production of the most famous Maribo beer brands has been moved to the Faxe Bryggeri in Faxe.
The Egmont Dormitory in Copenhagen is known for its consumption of Maribo Pilsner.
# Scopula butyrosa

Scopula butyrosa is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Warren in 1893. It is found in India (Sikkim).
# Scotussa (grasshopper)

Scotussa is a genus of spur-throated grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. There are about seven described species in Scotussa, found in South America.

## Species

These species belong to the genus Scotussa:
* Scotussa brachyptera Cigliano & Ronderos, 1994
* Scotussa cliens (Stål, 1861)
* Scotussa daguerrei Liebermann, 1947
* Scotussa delicatula Liebermann, 1947
* Scotussa impudica Giglio-Tos, 1894
* Scotussa lemniscata (Stål, 1861)
* Scotussa liebermanni Mesa & Zolessi, 1968
# Kyirong–Kagate languages

Kyirong–Kagate is a subgroup of Tibetic languages spoken primarily in Nepal, with a hundred or so speakers across the border in Tibet.
Varieties are:
    Kyirong (Lende), Kagate, Tsum, Langtang, Yolmo (Helambu Sherpa), Nubri, Gyalsumdo
Although there is a varying degree of mutual intelligibility between these varieties, they are considered separate languages by their respective speakers. There are also some major distinctions. For example, Kyirong has a three-tone system whereas Yolmo and Kagate have a two-tone system. The Gyalsumdo language variety spoken in the Manage district of Nepal shows strong similarities to Kyirong, as well as Nubri, and would therefore likely be classed in the "Kyirong–Kagate" group.

## Terminological limitation

The language family is best considered to really be Kyirong–Yolmo. This is for a number of reasons; firstly, there are only around 1000 people who identify as Kagate, and many of these also consider themselves to be Yolmo. Secondly, Kagate is only regularly used to identify the community in Ramechhap, while Yolmo can be found in Melamchi, Helambu, Ilam, Lamjung and other places. Thirdly, the name Kagate is considered negative by many speakers, as it refers to the low-caste occupation of papermaking.

## Variation between languages

These varieties are all clearly historically related, but some are more similar than others. Kagate and Yolmo share many common features, and can be considered mutually intelligible dialects. Nubri and Gyalsumdo also appear to be closely related, based on initial research. Although Yolmo and Kyirong are more similar to each other than they are to Standard Tibetan, they are different enough to be considered different languages.
# Thyreobaeus

Thyreobaeus is a monotypic genus of East African sheet weavers containing the single species, Thyreobaeus scutiger. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889, and has only been found on Madagascar.
# Khanlar Hajiyev

Khanlar Hajiyev (9 September 1956) is an Azerbaijan judge, and former Judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Azerbaijan.

## Education

* 2001 Doctor of Law
* Postgraduate training in Epidemiological Surveillance and Diseases Management
* 1983 Postgraduate course at the Faculty of Law of Moscow State University
* Moscow Institute of State and Law of the Academy of Science, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Academy of Science of Azerbaijan

## Career

* Judge of the European Court of Human Rights nominated from Azerbaijan elected in 2003-2017
* 1998-2003 Chairman of the Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan
* 1993-1998 Chairman of the Supreme Court of Azerbaijan
* 1996-2001 Full-fledged member of the European Commission for Democracy through Law of the Council of Europe (Venice Commission)
* 1992-1993 First Vice-president of the Supreme Court of Azerbaijan
* 1993-2001 Lecturer at the Baku State University on the Legal Aspects of the Struggle against International Criminality
* 1988-1990 Senior Adviser at the Supreme Court of USSR
* 1985-1988 Editor of the Penal Law and Penal Procedure Department of the Soviet Justice Journal
* 1983-1985 Adviser of the Supreme Court of USSR

## Selected works
### Books

* The Interpretation of the Provisions of Constitution and Law by Constitutional Courts -Author: Khanlar Hajiyev -Publisher: Baku : Ozan, 2002
# Massachusetts Circular Letter

The Massachusetts Circular Letter was a statement written by Samuel Adams and James Otis Jr., and passed by the Massachusetts House of Representatives (as constituted in the government of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, not the current constitution) in February 1768 in response to the Townshend Acts. Reactions to the letter brought heightened tensions between the British Parliament and Massachusetts, and resulted in the military occupation of Boston by the British Army, which contributed to the coming of the American Revolution.

## Background

After the Stamp Act was repealed in 1766, the British Parliament imposed the Townshend Acts in 1767 as another way of generating revenue. The acts placed an import duty on glass, paint, paper, lead, and tea as well as establishing an American Board of Customs. In response, the Massachusetts General Court issued a circular letter. (A circular letter, also known as a circular, is a letter meant to be widely distributed, or "circulated".) The Massachusetts Circular Letter was sent to the representative bodies of the other colonies. Massachusetts received positive responses from New Jersey, Connecticut, and the Virginia House of Burgesses.

## The letter

In the Circular Letter, Samuel Adams argued that the Townshend Acts were unconstitutional because the colony of Massachusetts was not represented in Parliament. Adams maintained that Parliament's status as the supreme legislative body of the British Empire did not permit it to violate the British Constitution and the natural rights of the colonists. Adams made it clear that he was not advocating colonial representation in Parliament: because the American Colonies were "separated by an ocean of a thousand leagues" from Great Britain, he thought it was impractical for them to be properly represented in Parliament. Instead, Adams argued in favor of the previous arrangement, where the colonies were taxed only by their own provincial assemblies in which they were already represented.

## Consequences

After the Circular Letter had been passed and issued to other colonies, Lord Hillsborough, Secretary of State for the Colonies, ordered the Massachusetts General Court to revoke it. The body voted 92-17 not to do so. In response to the General Court's defiance, Governor Francis Bernard dissolved the assembly. This led to an outbreak of mob violence from colonists who no longer had any legal way to deal with their grievances. They attacked customs officials, making it impossible for them to perform their duties. In response to the deteriorating situation, Lord Hillsborough sent four regiments of British soldiers to Boston. Arriving in October 1768, the soldiers only increased the tensions, as recorded in the anonymously penned "Journal of Occurrences", which chronicled the occupation. These tensions culminated on March 5, 1770 with the Boston Massacre.
# Pusey

Pusey may refer to:

## People

* Caleb Pusey (c. 1650–1727), friend and business partner of William Penn
* Chris Pusey (born 1965), Canadian ice hockey player
* Edward Bouverie Pusey (1800–1882), English churchman
* Ernest Pusey (1895–2006), World War I veteran and oldest living person in Florida
* Frederick Taylor Pusey (1872–1936), member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
* Jacqueline Pusey (born 1959), Jamaican sprint athlete
* Jason Pusey (born 1989), Gibraltarian footballer
* Joshua Pusey (1842–1906), American inventor of the paper matchbook
* Mavis Pusey (1928–2019), Jamaican-born painter
* Merlo J. Pusey (1902–1985), American biographer
* Nathan Pusey (1907–2001), American educator and 24th president of Harvard University (1953–1971)
* Philip Pusey (1799–1855), English agriculturalist and Member of Parliament
* Philip E. Pusey (1830–1880), English Aramaicist
* Peter Pusey (born 1942), British physicist
* Stephen Pusey (born 1952), British-born artist
* William A. Pusey (1865–1940), American physician and past president of the American Medical Association.
* William Henry Mills Pusey (1826–1900), U.S. Representative

## Places

* Pusey, Haute-Saône, a commune of the Haute-Saône département in France
* Pusey, Ontario, a community in the township of Highlands East, Ontario, Canada
* Pusey, Oxfordshire, a small village with stately home, in Oxfordshire, England
* Pewsey, a village in Wiltshire, England
# Konz (Verbandsgemeinde)

Konz is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district Trier-Saarburg, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Konz.
The Verbandsgemeinde Konz consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
* Kanzem
* Konz
* Nittel
* Oberbillig
* Onsdorf
* Pellingen
* Tawern
* Temmels
* Wasserliesch
* Wawern
* Wellen
* Wiltingen
49°42′11″N 6°34′44″E﻿ / ﻿49.703°N 6.579°E﻿ / 49.703; 6.579
* This Trier-Saarburg location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Marie Fabianová

Marie Fabianová (also written as Marie Fabiánová; 11 February 1872 – 7 April 1943) was a Czech mathematician, teacher and school principal, suffragette and feminist. She was one of the first Czech women to obtain a university education, the second female graduate of Charles-Ferdinand University, and the first female to graduate with a PhD in math from the University.

## Biography

Fabianová was born 11 February 1872 in Železný Brod into the family of Václav Fabián, the chief engineer of the Austrian Northwestern Railway, and his wife Juliana, née Haklová. She had two siblings, Juliana and Václav. After graduating from a local school, she began studying in Prague at the first, newly opened (1890), private girls' grammar school in Central Europe, called Minerva.
After graduating from grammar school in 1895, she began to study mathematics at the Faculty of Philosophy of Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague under Professor František Josef Studnička. Until 1900, girls attended lectures for residential studies (without the status of regular students); in 1900, a new law enabled girls to take exams for the entire period of their studies. Fabianová graduated in November 1901 with a thesis in analytical mathematics becoming the first woman to earn a PhD in mathematics in the country. (In 1902, Anna Honzáková, a classmate of Fabianová's from Minerva, was the very first female with a doctoral degree to graduate from the Faculty of Medicine of Charles-Ferdinand University.)
After graduation, Fabianová started teaching mathematics, physics and German at the Minerva gymnasium. At that time, the teaching profession was associated with a promise of celibacy, so Fabianová never married. She lived with her older sister Juliana Fabianová.
In 1923, she separated from Minerva to become the director of the Second Czech Girls' Real Municipal Gymnasium. She held that position until she retired in 1929. In retirement, she participated in Czech social activities. She was a member of the Union of Czechoslovak Mathematicians and Physicists, the Association of Academically Educated Women and the Minerva Association.
Marie Fabianová died on 7 April 1943 after a long illness in the General Faculty Hospital in Prague at the age of 70.

## Selected publications
### Scientific works

* On the discovery of Zeeman. Journal for the cultivation of mathematics and physics. 1893.
* On the development of diperiodic functions in infinite sums and products, in series and products. Dissertation. FK Studnička. 1900.

### Literary works

She allegedly used the pseudonym Dr. Abby Faimon.
* FAIMONOVA Abby History of Austrian education. Part 1-2 of the Šolc handbook for teachers of public and municipal schools.
# Scopula bispurcata

Scopula bispurcata is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Warren in 1898. It is found in India (Assam).
# Scoturopsis unifascia

Scoturopsis unifascia is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It is found in Bolivia.
# Johann Balthasar Bullinger

Johann Balthasar Bullinger (30 November 1713, Langnau am Albis – 31 March 1793, Zürich) was a Swiss landscape painter.

## Life

Bullinger was born in Langnau am Albis, the son of Heinrich Bullinger, a clergyman. He was a 6x great-grandson of Swiss theologian Heinrich Bullinger. He was also a pupil of Johann Melchior Füssli [de] and then of Johannes Simler, with whom he studied both painting and engraving. He then went to Venice, carrying a letter of introduction to Anton Maria Zanetti, who introduced him to Tiepolo, in whose studio he worked from 1732 until 1735. He first attempted historical painting, but then turned to landscapes, painting his first works in that genre in Steinbrugg in 1736. In 1737 he worked as a portraitist in Neuenburg. He spent the years between 1738 and 1741 in Amsterdam, where his work came under the influence of Dutch artists such as Both and Berchem. Bullinger also created the ceiling and wall paintings of the Zunfthaus zur Meisen, a guild house and present faience museum that was built at the Münsterhof plaza in Zürich in 1757.
He died in Zurich, Switzerland in 1793. One of his descendants included E. W. Bullinger.

## Etchings

He etched several plates in a free, painterly style; they include:
* The Portrait of J. B. Bullinger; se ipse fec.
* A Frontispiece, with a number of Genii.
* Two Mountainous Landscapes, with figures.
* A set of fifty Landscapes; some from his own designs, and the others after J. F. Ermels and F. Meyer.
* A Head; after Le Brun; engraved for Lavater's Work.