OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Universal conductance fluctuations

Universal conductance fluctuations (UCF) in mesoscopic physics is a phenomenon encountered in electrical transport experiments in mesoscopic species. The measured electrical conductance will vary from sample to sample, mainly due to inhomogeneous scattering sites. Fluctuations originate from coherence effects for electronic wavefunctions and thus the phase-coherence length $\textstyle l_{\phi }$ needs be larger than the momentum relaxation length $\textstyle l_{m}$. UCF is more profound when electrical transport is in weak localization regime. $\textstyle l_{\phi }<l_{c}$ where $l_{c}=M\cdot l_{m}$, $\textstyle M$ is the number of conduction channels and $\textstyle l_{m}$ is the momentum relaxation due to phonon scattering events length or mean free path. For weakly localized samples fluctuation in conductance is equal to fundamental conductance $\textstyle G_{o}=2e^{2}/h$ regardless of the number of channels.
Many factors will influence the amplitude of UCF. At zero temperature without decoherence, the UCF is influenced by mainly two factors, the symmetry and the shape of the sample. Recently, a third key factor, anisotropy of Fermi surface, is also found to fundamentally influence the amplitude of UCF.
# Universal coding

Universal coding may refer to one of two concepts in data compression:
* Universal code (data compression), a fixed prefix code that, for any probability mass function, has a data compression ratio within a constant of the optimal prefix code
* Universal source coding, a data compression method that asymptotically approaches the data compression ratio of the optimal data compression method, e.g., LZ77 and LZ78
# Kerala Janatha

Kerala Janatha was a Malayalam language morning daily newspaper published from Thiruvananthapuram, India. The newspaper was published by Kerala Janatha Printers & Publishers (Pvt.), Ltd. It was published daily, except Mondays.
Pattom A. Thanu Pillai founded Kerala Janatha as a Praja Socialist Party organ in 1957. As of 1957 Pattom A. Thanu Pillai served as chief editor and K. Krishna Pillai was the publisher. In its heyday, it was one of the major newspapers in Kerala. In its early period it claimed a circulation of 9,017. As of the mid-1960s, K. Krishna Pillai was the managing editor of the newspaper. Kerala Janatha carried 8 pages. It measured 20 x 16 inches.
By 1967 it claimed a circulation of 6,362, out of whom 5,917 would be subscribers.
# United States Marine Hospital (Charleston, South Carolina)

The Old Marine Hospital is a historic medical building at 20 Franklin Street in Charleston, South Carolina. Built 1831–33 to a design by Robert Mills, it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973 for its association with Mills, and as a high-quality example of Gothic Revival architecture. The hospital was built as a public facility for the treatment of sick sailors and other transient persons.

## Description

The Old Marine Hospital is located in the historic center of Charleston, on the east side of Franklin Street, just south of the Old Charleston Jail. It is a two-story masonry structure, with a hip roof and a raised, arcaded basement that is a characteristic Mills element. A two-story porch extends across the seven-bay facade, with entrances to the porch at the end bays, which have two-story Gothic arches. The porch bays are articulated by clusters of columns, and the iron railings also have a Gothic motif. The main entrance is at the center of the facade, with flanking bays containing tall Gothic windows. When originally built, the building had two long wings extending from its rear; these were damaged by fire and removed during restoration work.

## History

The City of Charleston undertook its operation in 1834, charging arriving ships a fee to support its operation. During the Civil War, it was used for Confederate forces as well as seamen. It was badly damaged by Union bombardment.
From 1866 to 1870, the Episcopal Church ran a school for African American children. In March 1893, Rev. D.J. Jenkins requested that he be allowed to operate his orphanage for African American children in the site, but the building needed $3000 to $5000 in repairs. In 1895 to 1939, it was the home of the Jenkins Orphanage for young African American children. It was remodeled in 1939 for offices of the Housing Authority of Charleston.
It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1973. The building was named one of the African American Historic Places in South Carolina.
# Maisoncelles-sur-Ajon

Maisoncelles-sur-Ajon (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.
# Maisonette

Maisonette (also maisonnette) or Maisonettes may refer to:
* A type of apartment
* The Maisonette, a former restaurant in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
* The Maisonettes, an English band
* Maisonnette, New Brunswick
* Pointe de Maisonnette (New Brunswick)
* Consolation-Maisonnettes, France
# Maisoncelles-en-Brie

Maisoncelles-en-Brie (French pronunciation: , literally Maisoncelles in Brie) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne département in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## Demographics

Inhabitants are called Maisoncellois.
# Maisoncelles-en-Gâtinais

Maisoncelles-en-Gâtinais (French: ; literally "Small Houses in Gâtinais") is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## Demographics

Inhabitants are called Maisoncellois.
# Makalamabedi

Makalamabedi is a village in North-West District of Botswana. It is located in the south-east part of the district, and is served by the local Makalamabedi Airport. The population was 344 in 2001 census.
# Malith Jayathilake

Malith Jayathilake is a Sri Lankan politician and a Member of Parliament. He was appointed to Parliament as a national list member in 2015.
# Maktab-e Tawhid

Maktab-e Tawhid (also Maktab-e Tawhīd) was a Shi'i seminary for women, established in Qom, Iran's clerical center in 1975, as a wing of the Haghani school.
The founding of the seminary followed similar institutions in Qom, Fasa, Shiraz and Isfahan. In Fasa, Maktab-e Fatema was opened in 1961, Maktab-e Zahra in Shiraz in 1964, Maktab-e Fatimah in Isfahan in 1965, in Tehran, Zahra-i Athar was opened in 1966, and in Mashhad, Fatemeh Khamooshi (d. 2010) opened Madrase-ye ‘Elmīyya Narges in the same year.
Ironically, it took a number more years until finally, a women's seminary was established in Qom. Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari added a women's section to his hawza Dar al-Tabligh, called Dar al-Zahra in 1973.
Partially in order to rival the women's section of the Dar al-Tabligh school, Ayatollah Qoddusi, the director of the Haghani school, set up Maktab-e Tawhid. In its first year, the girl's madrasa had thirty students and five female teachers. These included Monir Gorjih, Masumeh Golgiri, and Zohreh Sefati, who had come to Qom from Abadan earlier in the decade in search of a hawza education.
Among the male lecturers at Maktab-e Tawhid were Sheikh Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi, the author of “Shahid-e Javid,” and Morteza Haeri, the son of Sheikh Abdul-Karim Ha'eri Yazdi. Morteza Ha'eri taught akhlāq at the maktab.
After the 1979 revolution, Maktab-e Tawhid was incorporated together with other women's seminaries in Qom into the larger school, Jamiat al-Zahra.
# Ilda Boccassini

Ilda Boccassini (born 7 December 1949) is an Italian retired magistrate. She is sometimes known as "Ilda la rossa" (transl. Ilda the Redhead).

## Life and career

Boccassini was born in Naples on 7 December 1949. Boccassini obtained her law degree at the University of Naples Federico II in 1979, and she began working at the Brescia and Milan public prosecutor's offices the same year. Much of Boccassini's career involved the prosecution of organized crime in Italy, prominently working alongside Giovanni Falcone. Her first major case was the Duomo Connection investigation in which she and Falcone prosecuted Mafia connections in Northern Italy. When Falcone and fellow judge Paolo Borsellino were assassinated in the 1992 Capaci bombing, Boccassini requested a transfer to the region so that she could investigate the attack. She was appointed deputy public prosecutor at the Court of Milan in 2009. In this capacity, she was heavily involved in the proceedings during the 2011–2013 prostitution trial of then-incumbent Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi. Boccassini retired in 2019. In 2021, Boccassini published a book about her career, La stanza numero 30 (transl. Room Number 30).
# Morpho hercules

Morpho hercules, the Hercules morpho, is a Neotropical butterfly found in Brazil and Paraguay.

## Description

Upper surface grey green. Forewing with two rows of submarginal yellow dots, of which the proximal are considerably broader than the antemarginal. Patch before the apex of the cell narrow, dark green, subobsolete. Cell black green. Discal area glossy dark green. Distal border broad, deep black. Base of the forewing dark, of the hindwing somewhat lighter sea green.
Under surface: forewing bearing two very large rounded ocelli between the medians and two much smaller ones between the upper radial and the upper median. The proximal median spots narrow, irregular. Discal spot black. Cell with two very broad white longitudinal bands, posteriorly confluent. Hindwing predominantly red brown with a silver-white median band about 3 mm in breadth. There are three anal ocelli with black irises.

## Biology

The larva feeds on Musaceae and Menispermaceae (Abuta selloana).

## Etymology

It is named for the mythological hero Hercules.
# Sema Ludrick

Sema Nancy Ludrick Rivas is a Nicaraguan weightlifter. She represented Nicaragua at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.
She won the silver medal in the women's 64 kg event at the 2023 Pan American Weightlifting Championships held in Bariloche, Argentina. She competed in the women's 71 kg event at the 2023 Pan American Games held in Santiago, Chile.
# Pamidimarru

Pamidimarru is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Nagaram mandal of Tenali revenue division.

## Governance

Pamidimarru gram panchayat is the local self-government of the village. It is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a ward member.

## Education

As per the school information report for the academic year 2018–19, the village has only one MPP school.
# Whitesand River (Lake Nipigon)

The Whitesand River is a river in Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada, that flows south into the northwest side of Lake Nipigon.

## Course

The river begins at Selassie Lake at an elevation of 334 metres (1,096 ft). Selassie Lake is adjacent to Haile Lake, which also flows into Lake Nipigon, but via the Pikitigushi River system. The names of the two lakes are a reference to Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia.
From Selassie Lake, the river flows southwest and then south to where the right tributary Blackett Creek joins at an elevation of 313 metres (1,027 ft). It continues south and enters Whitesand Lake at an elevation of 311 metres (1,020 ft). The river then continues further south for a total distance from Selassie Lake of 23 kilometres (14 mi) to JoJo Lake at an elevation of 304 metres (997 ft). Here the Canadian National Railway transcontinental line crosses the river at the south end of the lake at a point just east of Armstrong Airport and about 11.5 kilometres (7.1 mi) east of the community of Armstrong, Thunder Bay District, Ontario.
The river then travels 3.6 kilometres (2.2 mi) further south to a waterfall, and then another 10.4 kilometres (6.5 mi) southeast to its mouth at Lake Nipigon, for a total distance from Selassie Lake of 37 kilometres (23 mi).
# Hardtkopf (Eifel)

The Hardtkopf is a high hill in the county of Bitburg-Prüm in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It rises in the South Eifel range and, at 601.5 m above sea level (NN), is the highest point on the edge of the Prüm Limestone Basin (Prümer Kalkmulde).
The Hardtkopf is located in the southern part of the High Fens-Eifel Nature Park, south of Prüm and northwest of Schönecken between the villages of Ellwerath (part of Rommersheim) in the north and Oberlauch in the south. To the west of the summit rises the little Prüm tributary, the Hennebach stream.
From the top of the Hardtkopf there are views of the who of the Prüm Limestone Basin and of Schöneck Switzerland (Schönecker Schweiz). In good weather, the edge of the Hunsrück mountains may be seen, about 60 kilometres away to the southeast. Until the early 20th century an observation tower stood on the summit. Today there is a transmission tower and a water tower.
# Hardtner

Hardtner may refer to:
* Hardtner, Kansas, a city in Kansas, United States
* Henry E. Hardtner (1870–1935), American businessman and conservationist
# Jürgen Zimmerling

Jürgen Zimmerling (born 17 February 1952 in Oberhausen, died 8 October 2005) was a German politician and a Member of the European Parliament during its 5th and 6th terms. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany, which is affiliated with the Group of the European People's Party (Christian Democrats) and European Democrats in the European Parliament.
He served on the Committee on Development and Cooperation and later on the Committee on Development. He was a member of the delegation to the EU-Malta Joint Parliamentary Committee, a member from the European Parliament to the Joint Parliamentary Assembly of the Agreement between the African, Caribbean and Pacific States and the European Union, and a member of the delegation for relations with the Gulf States, including Yemen.
He was a substitute for the Committee on Legal Affairs and the Internal Market, the delegation to the EU-Cyprus Joint Parliamentary Committee, the Committee on Industry, External Trade, Research and Energy, the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, the Subcommittee on Human Rights, and the delegation to the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly.
# Jürgen Wolters

Jürgen Wolters (24 June 1940 – 21 November 2015) was a German econometrician specializing in time series analysis. He is a former professor of econometrics at the Free University of Berlin.
Wolters earned his diplom in mathematics from the University of Stuttgart in 1966, and later a doctorate in economics under supervision of Heinz König at the University of Mannheim.

## Selected publications

* Benkwitz, Alexander; Lütkepohl, Helmut; ——— (2001). "Comparison of Bootstrap Confidence Intervals for Impulse Responses for German Monetary Systems". Macroeconomic Dynamics. 5 (1): 81–100. doi:10.1017/S1365100501018041. hdl:10419/61726. S2CID 4606180.
* ———; Teräsvirta, Timo; Lütkepohl, Helmut (1998). "Modeling the Demand for M3 in the Unified Germany". Review of Economics and Statistics. 80 (3): 399–409. doi:10.1162/003465398557636. S2CID 57559021.
* Hassler, Uwe; ——— (1995). "Long Memory in Inflation Rates: International Evidence". Journal of Business & Economic Statistics. 13 (1): 37–45. doi:10.1080/07350015.1995.10524577.
* Hassler, Uwe; ——— (1994). "On the Power of Unit Root Tests Against Fractional Alternatives". Economics Letters. 45 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1016/0165-1765(94)90049-3.
# Jürgen Wölfer

Jürgen Wölfer (25 December 1944 – 24 July 2015) was a German music writer and historian with focus on Jazz.

## Life

Born in Eisleben, Wölfer studied education, graduated with a diploma and worked for a long time in the record industry, where he was most recently at BMG, where he was product manager for jazz and classical music. He is known as the author of several jazz encyclopaedias, wrote an encyclopaedia of popular music (excluding Schlager, rock music, folk music) and film composers. He also wrote a biography of Dizzy Gillespie and wrote discographies of Anita O'Day, Pérez Prado and Johnny Richards (bio-discography).

## Publications

* Lexikon des Jazz. Hannibal Verlag, St. Andrä 1999, ISBN 3-85445-164-4 (EA 1993).
* Jazz in Deutschland. Das Lexikon. Alle Musiker und Plattenfirmen von 1920 bis heute. Hannibal Verlag, St. Höfen 2008, ISBN 978-3-85445-274-4 (with over 100 pages of Amiga discography in the appendix)
* with Jack Hartley: Johnny Richards. The Definite Bio-Discography. Balboa Books, Lake Geneva, WI 1999, ISBN 0-936653-84-1.
* Das Große Lexikon der Unterhaltungsmusik. Die populäre Musik vom 19. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart; vom Wiener Walzer bis zu Swing, Latin Music und Easy Listening. Verlag Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-89602-272-5.
* with Roland Löper: Das große Lexikon der Filmkomponisten. Die Magier der cineastischen Akustik; von Ennio Morricone bis Hans Zimmer. Verlag Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89602-296-2.
* Handbuch des Jazz. 2nd edition Heyne Verlag, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-453-01025-6 (EA Munich 1979).
* Die Rock- und Popmusik. Eine umfassende Darstellung ihrer Geschichte und Funktion. Heyne Verlag, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-453-01060-4.
* Dizzy Gillespie. Sein Leben, seine Musik, seine Schallplatten (Collection Jazz;Vol. 9). Oreos, Schaftlach 1987, ISBN 3-923657-16-1.
* with Raymond D. Hair: Thinking of You. The Story of Kay Kyser. Bear Manor Media, Albany, GA 2012, ISBN 978-1-59393-636-5.
* Gerald Wilson. A Discography. Almere, NL 2012, ISBN 978-90-77260-00-5.
# Socorro Mission

The original Franciscan mission, Nuestra Señora de la Concepción del Socorro, was founded in 1682 by the Franciscan order, to serve displaced Spanish families, American Indians (the Piro, Tano and Jemez) from New Mexico, who fled the central New Mexico region during the Pueblo Revolt. The present Socorro Mission was constructed around 1839 to replace an earlier 18th-century mission destroyed in 1829 by flooding of the Rio Grande. The mission, constructed of adobe surfaced with stucco, is particularly notable for its interior. The finely painted and decorated beams, or vigas, are from the 18th-century mission and were reused when the present church was constructed. The massing, details and use of decorative elements of the Socorro Mission show strong relationships to the building traditions of 17th-century Spanish New Mexico.
The Socorro Mission is located at 328 S. Nevarez Rd. south of El Paso on I-10 at Moon Rd. and FM 258.
A full-size replica of the Socorro Mission was featured in El Paso's exhibit in the 1936 Texas Centennial celebration, at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas. It was later dismantled and rebuilt as St. Anthony Church in Dallas.
# KBM-7 cells

KBM-7 cells are a chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cell line used for biomedical research. Like all cancer cell lines, it is immortal and can divide indefinitely. A unique aspect of the KBM-7 cell line is that it is near-haploid, meaning it contains only one copy for most of its chromosomes. Human chromosomes are typically diploid, meaning that there are two copies of each chromosome.

## Origin

KBM-7 cells were derived from a 39-year-old man with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis. The original cell line contained both near haploid and hyperdiploid clones. Subsequent subcloning yielded a pure near-haploid cell line. Genome analysis has revealed that besides the disomic chromosome 8, a 30 megabase fragment of chromosome 15 is present in two copies. Like other CML cells lines (e.g., K562) KBM-7 cells are positive for the Philadelphia chromosome harboring the BCR-ABL oncogenic fusion. KBM-7 cells have been reprogrammed to yield the HAP1 cell line which is also monosomic for chromosome 8.

## Cultivation and applications

KBM-7 cells grow in suspension and are maintained in Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. They divide approximately every 24 hours.
KBM-7 has found applications in a variety of genomic research studies; the cell line has been examined in gene silencing experiments, been reprogrammed to become a stem cell line, and served as a test model for novel drug candidates.

## Significance

One method of studying gene function involves "knocking out" the gene by inducing a mutation. This causes the resulting gene product to be nonfunctional, and researchers can then see how this effects the cell's function as a whole. Many gene editing procedures have very low efficiency, and often both copies of mammalian chromosomes must be knocked out in order to see a phenotypic effect. Having a near-haploid cell line such as KBM-7 greatly increases the efficiency of these studies because there is only one gene that must be knocked out.
# KIFC3

Kinesin-like protein KIFC3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIFC3 gene.
# Harmonia Hall

Harmonia Hall is a meeting hall in Waumandee, Wisconsin which was originally used by the Harmonie Gesellschaft, a group of German and Swiss Freethinkers. The Harmonie Gesellschaft, founded in Waumandee 1861, built the hall in 1890 for the group's meetings and events. Joseph Schafer, a carpenter from Arcadia, designed and built the hall in the Mid 19th Century Revival style. The Harmonie Gesellschaft had shrunk in size by the 1930s and consequently began to meet in homes rather than the hall; the group ultimately disbanded in the 1950s. The Town of Waumandee later purchased Harmonia Hall and uses it for events and meetings. The hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 18, 2009.
# Harmonia Ensemble

The Harmonia Ensemble is an Italian chamber music group started in 1991 under the direction of Giampiero Bigazzi. Beginning as a trio (Orio Odori, clarinet; Damiano Puliti, cello; Alessandra Garosi, keyboards) they have worked with many other musicians in their career. Their repertoire is eclectic, covering music of modern composers, popular, jazz, ethnic styles, and original compositions. Their concerts and albums have featured music by Nino Rota, Gavin Bryars, Frank Zappa, Roger Eno, and the Beatles, among others.

## Recordings

* Nino Rota 1992
* In a Room (music of Roger Eno) 1993
* Harmonia meets Zappa (with Roger Eno) 1994
* Events Line 1996
* The North Shore (music of Gavin Bryars) 1999
* Fellini: L’Uomo dei Sogni 2001
* Gypsies 2001
* Ulixes (with Kočani Orkestar) 2001
* Yellow Penguin 2016
# Harmonia Macrocosmica

The Harmonia Macrocosmica is a star atlas written by Andreas Cellarius and published in 1660 by Johannes Janssonius. The first part of the atlas contains copper plate prints depicting the world systems of Claudius Ptolemy, Nicolaus Copernicus, and Tycho Brahe. At the end are star maps of the classical and further constellations, the latter ones as introduced by Julius Schiller in his Coelum stellatum christianum of 1627.
For its importance in the history of cartography, particularly of celestial cartography, the Harmonia Macrocosmica is considered one of the notable masterworks from the Golden Age of Dutch/Netherlandish cartography (c. 1570s–1670s), along with Abraham Ortelius's Theatrum Orbis Terrarum and Johannes Blaeu's Atlas Maior. It is often described as the most beautiful celestial atlas ever published.

## History

In the foreword to his Chronologica, Gerard Mercator stated the intention to publish an atlas which would cover everything of the then-known cosmos, geography and history of the earth. During his life, Mercator published five volumes of his atlas, the last one being published by his son Rumold. After Mercator's death, the Amsterdam cartographer Johannes Janssonius took over the project. He and fellow-cartographer Hendricus Hondius published their Novus Atlas in 1636, which featured over 320 maps in four languages. In 1660, Andreas Cellarius' Harmonia Macrocosmica was published as the seventh volume of the project. With the final addition of a volume describing the cities of the world from 1657, the project was finally completed.

## Origins of the engravings

Of the various engravers and authors who worked on the plates of the atlas, only two have signed their work. The frontispiece of the atlas was created by Frederik Hendrik van den Hove and ten other plates were engraved by Johannes van Loon. Moreover, all the designs of the classical constellations were taken from the ones created by Jan Pieterszoon Saenredam.