# Loosduinen (electoral district)

Loosduinen was an electoral district of the House of Representatives in the Netherlands from 1888 to 1918.

## Profile

The electoral district of Loosduinen was created in 1888, mostly out of part of the Delft district, which was reduced from two seats to one. Fully located in the province of South Holland, it included the municipality of Loosduinen, today a part of The Hague, as well as the modern municipalities of Westland, Maassluis, Midden-Delfland, Rijswijk and Zoetermeer, and the villages of Nootdorp, Voorburg, Stompwijk and Benthuizen. It was a predominantly agricultural district.
The district's population increased considerably during its existence, from 44,115 in 1888 to 63,093 in 1909. A plurality of around 44% the population was Reformed. Catholics formed a significant majority in the district, though dropping slightly from 36% in 1888 to 33% in 1909. Another 19% of the population was Gereformeerd. The share of "Others" rose from 1.6% in 1888 to 3.6% in 1909.
The district of Loosduinen was abolished upon the introduction of party-list proportional representation in 1918.

## Members

Loosduinen was a safe seat for the parliamentary right, though as a result of the district's religiously mixed population, it was contested between the Catholics and the Protestant Anti-Revolutionary Party in its early elections. In 1888, the district elected the Catholic Arnoldus van Berckel. In 1897, Van Berckel was defeated in the second round by the Anti-Revolutionary Anthony Brummelkamp Jr., who would continue to represent Loosduinen for the following two decades, until its abolition in 1918.
| Election | Member | Party |
| 1888 | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka |
| 1891 | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka |
| 1894 | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka |
| 1897 | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR |
| 1901 | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR |
| 1905 | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR |
| 1909 | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR |
| 1913 | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR |
| 1917 | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR |

## Election results
### Elections in the 1880s

1888 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka | 1,319 | 38.54 | 2,001 | 59.57 |
| | Willem van Doorn | Lib | 1,094 | 31.97 | 1,358 | 40.43 |
| | Jan Christiaan Fabius | AR | 979 | 28.61 | | |
| Others | Others | Others | 30 | 0.88 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 3,422 | 100.00 | 3,359 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,422 | 99.56 | 3,359 | 98.94 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 15 | 0.44 | 36 | 1.06 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 3,437 | 100.00 | 3,395 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,747 | 91.73 | 3,747 | 90.61 |
| | Catholic gain | Catholic gain | Catholic gain | Catholic gain | Catholic gain | Catholic gain |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||||

### Elections in the 1890s

1891 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka | 1,226 | 38.51 | 1,355 | 50.07 |
| | Henri Adolphe van de Velde | AR | 1,006 | 31.60 | 1,351 | 49.93 |
| | Hubert Philippus de Kanter | Lib | 921 | 28.93 | | |
| Others | Others | Others | 31 | 0.97 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 3,184 | 100.00 | 2,706 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,184 | 99.13 | 2,706 | 97.80 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 28 | 0.87 | 61 | 2.20 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 3,212 | 100.00 | 2,767 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,943 | 81.46 | 3,943 | 70.17 |
| | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||||
1894 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka | 1,298 | 46.56 | 1,755 | 54.33 |
| | Henri Adolphe van de Velde | AR | 945 | 33.90 | 1,475 | 45.67 |
| | Jacobus Marinus Pijnacker Hordijk | Lib | 527 | 18.90 | | |
| Others | Others | Others | 18 | 0.65 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 2,788 | 100.00 | 3,230 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 2,788 | 97.86 | 3,230 | 98.12 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 61 | 2.14 | 62 | 1.88 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 2,849 | 100.00 | 3,292 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 4,035 | 70.61 | 4,035 | 81.59 |
| | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold | Catholic hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||||
1897 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Arnoldus van Berckel | Ka | 2,260 | 38.10 | 2,411 | 44.42 |
| | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR | 1,603 | 27.02 | 3,017 | 55.58 |
| | Jacobus Marinus Pijnacker Hordijk | Lib | 1,261 | 21.26 | | |
| | G. van Herwaarden | CHK | 808 | 13.62 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 5,932 | 100.00 | 5,428 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 5,932 | 98.67 | 5,428 | 98.51 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 80 | 1.33 | 82 | 1.49 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 6,012 | 100.00 | 5,510 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 6,762 | 88.91 | 6,762 | 81.48 |
| | Anti-Revolutionary gain | Anti-Revolutionary gain | Anti-Revolutionary gain | Anti-Revolutionary gain | Anti-Revolutionary gain | Anti-Revolutionary gain |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||||

### Elections in the 1900s

1901 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Joseph van Nispen tot Sevenaer | Ka | 2,106 | 39.28 | 2,491 | 48.53 |
| | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR | 1,817 | 33.89 | 2,642 | 51.47 |
| | J. Pattist | Lib | 1,016 | 18.95 | | |
| | Johan Diederik Six | VA | 423 | 7.89 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 5,362 | 100.00 | 5,133 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 5,362 | 96.93 | 5,133 | 98.43 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 170 | 3.07 | 82 | 1.57 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 5,532 | 100.00 | 5,215 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 6,917 | 79.98 | 6,917 | 75.39 |
| | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||||
1905 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR | 5,378 | 70.06 |
| | A. Ferf | Lib | 2,298 | 29.94 |
| Total | Total | Total | 7,676 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 7,676 | 98.50 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 117 | 1.50 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 7,793 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 8,951 | 87.06 |
| | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||
1909 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR | 5,829 | 75.71 |
| | A. Ferf | Lib | 1,550 | 20.13 |
| | Jan Schaper | SDAP | 320 | 4.16 |
| Total | Total | Total | 7,699 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 7,699 | 98.18 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 143 | 1.82 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 7,842 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 9,945 | 78.85 |
| | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||

### Elections in the 1910s

1913 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR | 6,234 | 68.94 |
| | Fridolin Marinus Knobel | VL | 2,374 | 26.26 |
| | Jan Schaper | SDAP | 434 | 4.80 |
| Total | Total | Total | 9,042 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 9,042 | 98.41 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 146 | 1.59 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 9,188 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 11,107 | 82.72 |
| | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||
1917 general election: Loosduinen :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Anthony Brummelkamp Jr. | AR | | |
| Total | Total | Total | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 13,005 | – |
| | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold | Anti-Revolutionary hold |
| Source: Kiesraad, Huygens Instituut |||||