OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samuel Lovett Waldo

Samuel Lovett Waldo (April 6, 1783 – February 16, 1861) was an American portrait painter.

## Early life and studies

Waldo was born on April 6, 1783, in Windham, Connecticut, the son of Esther (née Stevens) and Zacheus Waldo. At the age of sixteen, he moved to Hartford to begin his formal art training under the tutelage of Joseph Steward, a prominent local artist.
Four years later, he set up shop as a portraitist in Hartford, later relocating to Litchfield, Connecticut. While in Hartford, he had made the acquaintance of congressman John Rutledge, Jr., who was impressed with his work and, in 1803, invited him to come to Charleston, South Carolina. From 1803 to 1805, Waldo earned a sizable income from his commissions and decided that he would use the money to study art in London. He studied under Benjamin West in London.
He arrived in London in 1806 with letters of introduction to Benjamin West and John Singleton Copley. While studying with them, he also studied drawing at the Royal Academy and exhibited a portrait there in 1808.
Between his artistic activities, he met and married Elizabeth Wood of Liverpool in London in 1808, and the couple journeyed back to New York City to live. Together they had five children that survived infancy. Elizabeth died in 1825. The following year, on 9 May 1826, Waldo married Deliverance Mapes of Southhold, Long Island. Maintaining their household in New York City, Samuel and Deliverance had seven more children.

## Later career and activities

In 1809, he had returned to the United States and established a portrait studio in New York City.
Three years later William Jewett (d. 24 March 1874), a young coach painter from New London, Connecticut, who wanted to be a fine artist, approached Waldo and asked to be taken in as an apprentice. Waldo agreed and allowed him to live with his family during his time of study. In 1818, they entered into a formal partnership which lasted until 1854, when Jewett retired. As a team, it is generally believed that Waldo painted the head and hands of their subjects, while Jewett filled in the clothing and draperies.
In addition to his painting, Waldo served as a director of the American Academy of the Fine Arts from 1817 until its dissolution in 1841. He was also a founding member of the National Academy of Design.

## Death and legacy

He died in New York City on February 16, 1861, and was buried at Green-Wood Cemetery.
Waldo's work is found in many public museum collections, including at the Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts.

## Selected portraits

* The Knapp Children, (c.1832, with Jewett) Metropolitan Museum of Art
* General Andrew Jackson, (1819), Metropolitan Museum of Art
* Deliverance Mapes and Her Son, (c.1830), Boston Museum of Fine Arts
* Pat, The Independent Beggar, (1819), New Britain Museum of American Art
# Samuel Lowery

Samuel Lowery may refer to:
* Samuel R. Lowery (1832–c. 1900), African American preacher and lawyer
* Samuel S. Lowery (1831–1912), American manufacturer and politician from New York
# San José Lachiguirí

San José Lachiguirí is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 132.7 km². It is part of the Miahuatlán District in the south of the Sierra Sur Region.
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 3,541.
# Sandomierz Confederation

The Sandomierz Confederation was an anti-Swedish confederation, formed on 20 May 1704 in defense of the King of Poland, August II the Strong. It was formed in reaction to the Warsaw Confederation, and its marshal was Stanisław Ernest Denhoff. The confederation lasted until 1717, when it was disbanded by the Silent Sejm.
Members of the confederation mostly consisted of nobility from Lesser Poland, who supported the Electorate of Saxony, whose ruler August II also was king of Poland. Its forming resulted in a three-year civil war between the two camps. In its initial stages, Swedish side had the upper hand, and the Warsaw Confederation was eventually victorious in the civil war in Poland (1704-1706), which ended with the Treaty of Altranstädt (1706). Soon, however, after Swedish defeat in the Great Northern War, the Russians prevailed and August II resumed the Polish throne in 1709.
# Tsuburaya (disambiguation)

Eiji Tsuburaya (1901–1970) was a Japanese special effects director and cinematographer.
Tsuburaya may also refer to:
* Hajime Tsuburaya, Japanese film director, producer, and cinematographer
* Noboru Tsuburaya, Japanese film producer
* Akira Tsuburaya, Japanese film producer
* Hiroshi Tsuburaya, Japanese actor, a grandchild of Eiji Tsuburaya
* Kazuo Tsuburaya, Japanese film producer, a grandchild of Eiji Tsuburaya
* Yūko Tsuburaya, Japanese actress, a grandchild of Eiji Tsuburaya
* Kōkichi Tsuburaya, Japanese athlete
* Tsuburaya Productions, a Japanese special effects studio founded by Eiji Tsuburaya
# Tsundur mandal

Tsundur mandal is one of the 25 mandals in Bapatla district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tenali revenue division and the headquarters are located at Tsundur. The mandal is bounded by Chebrolu, Tenali, Amruthalur and Ponnur mandals. The mandal is a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region.

## Demographics

As of 2011 census, the mandal had a population of 45,778. The total population constitute, 22,599 males and 23,179 females —a sex ratio of 1026 females per 1000 males. 3,842 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 1,924 are boys and 1,918 are girls. The average literacy rate stands at 67.68% with 28,384 literates.

## Government and politics

The mandal is under the administration of a tahsildar and the present tahsildar is I.Edward. Tsundur mandal is one of the 5 mandals under Vemuru (SC) (Assembly constituency), which in turn represents Bapatla (SC) (Lok Sabha constituency) of Andhra Pradesh.

## Towns and villages

As of 2011 census, the mandal has 17 villages and no towns.
The settlements in the mandal are listed below:
* Alapadu
* Chinaparimi
* Edlapalle
* Kothapalle Narikellapalle
* Manduru
* Modukuru
* Pedagadelavarru
* Penugudurupadu
* Thottempudi
* Tsundur†
* Valiveru
* Vetapalem
* †–Mandal headquarters

## Education

The mandal plays a major role in education for the rural students of the nearby villages. The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state. As per the school information report for the academic year 2015–16, the mandal has more than 4,314 students enrolled in over 47 schools.
# San Francesco, Treia

San Francesco is a Gothic-style, Roman Catholic church in the city of Treia, province of Macerata, Italy.

## History

The church was erected inside the city walls in 1300. It underwent reconstruction from the 17th to 18th centuries using designs by the architect Giovanni Battista Rusca. The original church nave walls were likely covered with frescoes, of which only some from the 16th century have survived. The include a Pietà (1549) and a fresco of the Madonna and Child with Saints.
# Turcica monilifera

Turcica monilifera is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eucyclidae.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 30 mm. The thin shell is conoidal, subdiaphanous and imperforate. Its color is, tawny golden-shining. The whorls are a little convex. They are sculptured with spiral beaded cinguli. Their interstices are obliquely striate. The sutures are canaliculate. The base of the shell is convex, with granose cinguli, some granules marked with brown. The aperture is suborbicular. The columella is spiral above, produced into a tooth below. The margin of the lip is acute and lirate inside.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines, Japan and in Moreton Bay, Australia.
# Sant'Agostino alla Zecca

Sant Agostino alla Zecca, also known as Sant'Agostino Maggiore is a church in central Naples, Italy.
Originally granted to the Augustinian monks by Robert I of Anjou in 1259. The church underwent extensive reconstruction in the Baroque period by Bartolomeo Picchiati. Its name derives from its location near the former mint. Since the 1980 Irpinia earthquake, it has been closed and is in a poor state of conservation. The interior has frescoes of Giacinto Diano in the Sacristy.
40°50′57″N 14°15′47″E﻿ / ﻿40.849242°N 14.262928°E﻿ / 40.849242; 14.262928

## Sources

* entry on church
* Degrading interiors
# Sant'Agostino (Milan Metro)

Sant'Agostino is an underground station on the Milan Metro Line 2, located under Piazza Sant'Agostino, in Milan's Municipality 1. It was opened on 30 October 1983 as part of the extension of the line from Cadorna to Porta Genova.
The station is the only one on Line 2 with the opposite tracks and platforms built on different levels, the northbound platform being above the southbound one. The same technique was later replicated in the central section of Line 3, from Turati to Crocetta stations.
# Tuapeijat

Tuapeijat (also spelled Tuapejat or Tua Pejat) is a town within North Sipora District (Kecamatan Sipora Utara) in the Mentawai Islands Regency of West Sumatra province of Indonesia and it is the administrative seat (capital) of Mentawai Islands Regency. The population was 4,344 at the 2010 Census, and the 2015 estimate gave the population as 5,756. The town's jurisdiction includes three small islands of Siburu, Silabok and Pototoga in addition to the main town areas on Sipora Island.

## Climate

Tuapejat has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.
Climate data for Tuapejat :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.8 (89.2) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.2 (88.2) | 30.7 (87.3) | 30.5 (86.9) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.7 (87.3) | 31.2 (88.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.9 (80.4) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.2 (81.0) | 27.4 (81.3) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.8 (80.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.8 (73.0) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.6 (72.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 295 (11.6) | 222 (8.7) | 250 (9.8) | 275 (10.8) | 202 (8.0) | 204 (8.0) | 210 (8.3) | 255 (10.0) | 334 (13.1) | 396 (15.6) | 418 (16.5) | 361 (14.2) | 3,422 (134.6) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||
# San Lorenzo, Arcidosso

San Lorenzo is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Arcidosso, province of Grosseto, in the area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 211.
San Lorenzo is about 56 km from Grosseto and 2 km from Arcidosso, and it is situated between the towns of Arcidosso and Castel del Piano.

## Main sights

* Church of San Lorenzo, a little church attested for the first time in a document of 1067.
* Convent of Capuchins, built in 1593, it contains paintings by Francesco Vanni and Giuseppe Nicola Nasini.
* Chapel of Merope Becchini, a neo-gothic chapel, it was built by architect Lorenzo Porciatti in 1902. It is situated in the square of the convent and it is dedicated to the prematurely dead daughter of the former mayor of Arcidosso.
* Villa of Palazzina, a villa of Giovannini family, it was built in a baroque style in 1620.
* Cave of Merlin, a cave where, according to legend, Merlin lived many centuries ago.
# Tulista minor

Tulista minor is a species of succulent plant, from the far south of the Western Cape, South Africa.
It was formerly classed in the genus Haworthia, as Haworthia minima. However this was not the correct name, as the name Haworthia minor in fact had priority. A new combination was therefore needed for Tulista minor, which was accordingly published in 2018.

## Description

It is a small evergreen succulent plant, with hard, fleshy blue-green leaves that are covered in white tubercles. It offsets readily and can form clumps.
It produces white flowers with pink tips in the summer (November to December).
It is a variable species, with different populations differing in the leaf shape, colour, growth form and tubercles. Popular varieties include T. minima var. poellnitziana, as well as the opalina and obrata varieties.

## Naming and taxonomy

It was formerly placed in the genus Haworthia, along with the other large species (H. pumila, H. kingiana and H. marginata) in the Robustipedunculares subgenus. Following phylogenetic studies, it has been shown that these four species in fact constitute a distinct out-group, separate from other haworthias. They have therefore been classed as a separate genus, Tulista. It was initially transferred to Tulista as Tulista minima based on Haworthia minimia. The latter is a later homonym of Haworthia minor, and in 2018 the correct combination, Tulista minor, was published. The epithet "minor" means "small" as it is not as large as its closest relatives, such as Tulista pumila. In some old records it is also occasionally classed as Haworthia margaritifera.
Haworthia opalina has been treated as either part of Haworthia minima or, less often, as a separate species. In the second case, on transfer to Tulista, T. opalina is recognized in addition to T. minima.
* In cultivation
* The elongated poellnitziana form, from the far west of the species range

## Distribution

The natural distribution of this species is in the far southern part of the Western Cape, South Africa. Its range extends from Botrivier and Agulhas, eastwards to Brandrivier, Herbertsdale and Hartenbos.
Its habitat is usually coastal Renosterveld vegetation.
It often occurs alongside other Tulista species and is known naturally to hybridise with Tulista marginata where the two species overlap near Heidelberg.

## Cultivation

It is a very easy plant in cultivation, but is nonetheless very rarely grown. It requires well-drained soil, and tolerates both semi-shade and sun. It can be grown from seed, but it offsets and subdivides naturally so it can also be propagated simply by dividing the resulting clump.
# Jon Siebels

Jonathan Lee "Jon" Siebels (born August 27, 1979) is an American musician, best known as the guitarist of the band Eve 6. He became a part of the band after meeting bassist and lead vocalist Max Collins during Siebels' freshman year in Crescenta Valley High School.
Siebels was part of a band called Monsters Are Waiting, which played shows in the Los Angeles area before Siebels and another band member left the group.
In 2010, he performed on and co-wrote Hesta Prynn's solo debut EP Can We Go Wrong.
As of March 13, 2011, Siebels was welcomed back to Eve 6 on their official Facebook page.
Siebels is a member of the Party for Socialism and Liberation.

## Equipment

Early setup (2000)
* Guitars: Guild Bluesbird, Guild S100, Fender Stratocaster Relic
* Effects: Digitech Whammy, Dunlop Wah, Dunlop Rack-mount Wah, Boss GX-700, TCE G-Force, Digital Music Corp GCX Foot Controller
* Amplification: Marshall JCM 800 Head + 4x12 Cabinet, Mesa/Boogie Triple Rectifier + 4x12 Cabinet, Mesa/Boogie Amp Blender
Current setup
* Guitars: Guild Bluesbird, Guild M-75, Gibson, Fender Blacktop Telecaster
* Effects: Digitech Whammy
* Amplification: Marshall Head + 4x12 Cabinet, Mesa/Boogie Head + 4x12 Cabinet, Blackstar HT Studio 20 Head + 4x12 Marshall Cabinet
# Pied Piper's House

The Pied Piper's House or Rattenfängerhaus ("Rat Catcher's House") is a half-timbered building in Hamelin. It is named after an inscription on its side which purports to be an eyewitness account of the events of the Pied Piper of Hamelin story, describing the departure of the Hamelin children on 26 June 1284. An English translation given on a plaque reads:
   A.D. 1284 - on the 26th of June - the day of St. John and St. Paul - 130 children - born in Hamelin - were led out of the town by a piper wearing multicoloured clothes. After passing the Calvary near the Koppenberg they disappeared forever.
Although the stone façade dates from 1602, the building itself is much older. The façade was built for Mayor Hermann Arendes by the architects Johann Hundertossen and/or Eberhard Wilkening in the style of the Renaissance. The picture dated 1900 shows the adjacent legendary "Street without Music" with a view of buildings that no longer stand today. The stone structure pictured to the left of the Pied Piper's House is also no longer in existence.
The bay window on the left of the building is called the Utlucht, which means "looking out" in Low German. There was a highly decorated gable mounted here before 1850, parts of which may be seen at the lapidarium of the Hamelin Museum.
The building is now a Hamelin City-owned restaurant. There are many works of art at the Pied Piper's House. They have been purchased by the city museum and should be available to be seen at the re-opening in the summer.
# Sid Scott

Sidney Wilfred Scott (20 July 1900 – 17 September 1970) was a New Zealand communist, journalist and editor.

## Biography

He was born in Ifield, Sussex, England in 1900.
On 14 July 1928 police seized books and papers of "seditious nature" from his home on Onehunga. He was charged with possession of books with intention for sale or distribution, and with importing books which advocated violence. Scott admitted to two charges and pleaded not guilty on the third, but was convicted of it regardless. The third charge related to a communist training manual published by the Communist Party of Australia. Upon conviction, he was fined £14 (around $1400 in 2019).
# Jerónimo Carrión

Jerónimo Carrión y Palacio (6 July 1804, Cariamanga – 5 May 1873) was President of Ecuador between 7 September 1865 and 6 November 1867. He also served as Vice President of Ecuador from 1858 to 1860. He was a member of the Ecuadorian Conservative Party.

## Biography

His presidency demonstrated remarkable honesty in its procedures and loyalty to the principles of the government. But he showed a lack of energy, which was abused by the adversaries of the current regime and those who still did not forgive the vigilance and severity of the previous one. The failure of this government in which any other era would have been a constructive government and of historical significance gave beginning in the contrast of characters between García Moreno and Jerónimo Carrión. The Minister of Government, assumed all the functions of the regime, to the extent that the whole country noticed the lack of will of the President, although it was not quite so. However, the administration was wise and developed in a climate of peace and relative tolerance.
# Paul Sagoo

Paul Sagoo OBE (born 21 November 1974) is a British entrepreneur of Sikh origin and the founder of The Asian Awards. He is best known for his work in creating the prestigious Asian Awards, which recognize and celebrate the achievements of Asians across various fields, including business, sport, entertainment, and public service.

## Early life

Sagoo was born on 21 November 1974 to a Sikh family in west London. He later attended King's College London, where he studied medicine.

## Career

In 2010, Sagoo founded The Asian Awards, which have since become an annual event celebrating the achievements of the global Asian community. The awards have honored many people including Sachin Tendulkar, Zayn Malik, Shah Rukh Khan, and Bruce Lee. Sagoo has also been involved in philanthropic work, partnering with Global Citizen at the Asian Awards.
In 2013, Sagoo was chosen as one of the original LinkedIn Influencers, alongside James Caan and Sir Richard Branson, sharing insights and thought leadership with a large audience on the platform.
Sagoo has remained an advocate for diversity and inclusion citing it as the main reason for creating The Asian Awards.

## Personal life

Sagoo was married to Kiran Sharma, Prince's former manager, but the couple later divorced in 2020.

## Honours

Paul Sagoo was awarded an OBE as part of the 2022 Birthday Honours in recognition of his contributions to the Asian community, diversity & inclusion and philanthropic work.
# Paşa Türbesi

Paşa Türbesi (literally "The mausoleum of pasha") is a tomb in the Mersin Province, Turkey

## Geography

The small tomb is in the rural area of Erdemli district of the Mersin Province. It is on the north roadside of Turkish state highway D.400 which runs parallel to Mediterranean Sea side. It is situated to the west of Erdemli and Mersin. Its distance to Erdemli is 20 kilometres (12 mi) and to Mersin is 56 kilometres (35 mi). Paşa Türbesi is geographically between two important ancient sites: Elaiussa Sebaste (now Ayaş) is to the east and Corycus (now Kızkalesi) is to the west of Paşa Türbesi.

## History

During the 13th century, the area around Paşa Türbesi was a battle ground between the Seljuks of Turkey and The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.
The tomb belongs to a Seljuk commander named Aktaş oğlu Sinan (Sinan, Aktaş's son) who died in 1220. However according to Ali Selçuk, the tomb may belong to another person from Khorasan. Although there is an inscription about Sinan there is no account of how he died. The tomb was built after his death in 1312.

## Building

The tomb is a square building, with a hexagonal roof. Flat stones are used in the building. The entrance is via a door to northeast. Like most other tombs, an unofficial cemetery had been established around the tomb. There is also a wish tree just to the north of the tomb
# Paynter's Lane End

Paynter's Lane End is a hamlet in the parish of Illogan, Cornwall, England.
# Payoff

Payoff may refer to:
* Bribery, an act of implying money or gift giving that alters the behavior of the recipient
* A payoff dominant equilibrium in game theory
* Payoff matrix or payoff function in a normal-form game in game theory
* Payoff set in set theory
* Payoff (film), a 1991 TV film starring Keith Carradine
* Gomez & Tavarès (AKA Payoff) a 2003 film
* A word for slogan, used in some countries
* Pay off, to move away, fall off, or be pushed round by the wind
* Paying off, in British Commonwealth contexts, a practice originating in the age-of-sail of ending officers' commissions and of paying crew wages once a ship had completed its voyage; see Ship commissioning#Ship decommissioning
** Paying off pennant, flown in some navies when a ship is decommissioned; see Pennant (commissioning)
# Payo de Ojeda

Payo de Ojeda is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 86 inhabitants.
# Pavlovići

Pavlovići is a village in the municipality of Dobretići, Central Bosnia Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 89, all Croats.
# Pedicularia decussata

Pedicularia decussata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, one of the families of cowry allies.

## Distribution

* Caribbean Sea
* Cuba
* Gulf of Mexico

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 13 mm.

## Habitat

The minimum recorded depth is 49 m. The maximum recorded depth is 1170 m.
# Pedicularia elegantissima

Pedicularia elegantissima is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, one of the families of cowry allies.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Réunion.
# Pelophylax fukienensis

Pelophylax fukienensis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is found in Fujian (formerly romanized as "Fukien", hence the name), Zhejiang, and Jiangxi provinces of China as well as in Taiwan.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, swamps, freshwater marshes, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, water storage areas, ponds, irrigated land, seasonally flooded agricultural land, and canals and ditches. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN, though the Taiwanese populations have strongly declined.
Pelophylax fukienensis is a medium to large-sized frog, with males reaching 47 mm (1.9 in) and females 65 mm (2.6 in) length.