OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michael Swan (writer)

Michael Swan is a writer of English language teaching and reference materials. He graduated from University of Oxford with a bachelor's degree in modern foreign languages and has later gone for a postgraduate research degree. He is the founder of Swan School of English.

## Biography

Major publications include Practical English Usage and Basic English Usage (Oxford University Press). Other books are Grammar, an introductory book on why languages need grammar and what they do with it and, with David Baker, Grammar Scan (Oxford University Press), a collection of diagnostic language tests.
Michael Swan is also the co-author, with Catherine Walter, of The Oxford English Grammar Course, of How English Works and The Good Grammar Book (all with Oxford University Press), and the New Cambridge English Course series (with Cambridge University Press). In 2012 the Advanced level of the Oxford English Grammar Course won the newly established Award in English Language Teaching (ELT) Writing, conferred by the British Council in collaboration with The (UK) Society of Authors.
Michael Swan's interests include pedagogic grammar, mother-tongue influence in second language acquisition, and the relationship between applied linguistic theory and classroom language-teaching practice. He has written articles on all these topics, and is known for influential articles on the communicative approach and on task-based learning.
Michael Swan is also a widely published poet. His poems have been published in several poetry magazines such as Acumen and The Frogmore Papers, as well as in the BBC Wildlife magazine. His collection When They Come For You was published by The Frogmore Press in 2003, and his second collection The Shapes of Things was published by Oversteps Books in 2011. In 2005 he won The Times' Stephen Spender Prize for poetry translation with his translation from the German of a section of Rilke's "Orpheus. Eurydice. Hermes". He won The Poetry Society's 2010 Stanza Poetry Competition, with his poem "I Wasn't There".
# Masanaga

Masanaga (written: 政長, 正長, 昌寿 or 雅永) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Hatakeyama Masanaga (畠山 政長, 1442–1493), Japanese daimyō
* Masanaga Kageyama (影山 雅永, born 1967), Japanese footballer and manager
* Kōriki Masanaga (高力 正長, 1558–1599), Japanese daimyō
* Miyoshi Masanaga (三好 政長, 1508–1549), Japanese samurai and daimyō
* Yonekura Masanaga (米倉 昌寿, 1793–1863), Japanese daimyō
# John Meehan (art director)

John Meehan (June 13, 1902 – May 15, 1963) was an American art director and production designer.
He was born in Tehachapi, California and attended the University of Southern California. Meehan won three Academy Awards for his art direction: William Wyler's The Heiress (1949), Billy Wilder's Sunset Boulevard (1950) and Richard Fleischer's 1954 adaptation of the Jules Verne classic for Walt Disney, 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. He also worked on
The Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946), Golden Earrings (1947), Samson and Delilah (1949), Salome (1953) and It Should Happen to You (1956).
# Konthoujam (disambiguation)

Konthoujam may refer to:
* Konthoujam, a Meitei ethnic family name
* Konthoujam Tampha Lairembi, a Meitei goddess
** Konthoujam Lairembi Stone Inscription, a stone inscription in the sacred place of the goddess
* Konthoujam Assembly constituency, a Legislative Assembly constituency in Manipur State, India
# Renfrew, Pennsylvania

Renfrew is a small unincorporated village on the Connoquenessing Creek in Penn Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded by David A. Renfrew in 1882 on his farm. It was once a booming oil town with a general store, a school, a post office, a gas station, and a Methodist church. In September 2004, Renfrew experienced massive flooding due to rainfall caused by the remnants of Hurricane Ivan. The Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad still runs materials to and from the AK Steel mill in Butler through Renfrew along Railroad St. Once used by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, it was at one time a thriving railway that would travel down to Pittsburgh.
# Ian Board

Ian David Archibald Board (16 December 1929 – 26 June 1994) was an English nightclub owner who ran The Colony Room Club in Dean Street in London's Soho district, from 1981 to 1994, having taken it over from Muriel Belcher who founded the private drinking club in 1948.

## Early life

Board grew up in a poor family in Exeter, and his mother died when he was four years old. He liked neither his father nor his stepmother, and as a teenager ran away to London. On arrival, he went to Speakers' Corner and picked up a man, and lived with him for some weeks. He later worked as a commis waiter in Soho's Greek Street.

## Career

Board served behind the bar at the Colony Room Club for 46 years, initially as Belcher's barman, and after she died as its proprietor.
He assiduously cultivated the custom of artists including Francis Bacon, Lucian Freud, Michael Andrews, and Barry Flanagan. One night, he ejected Bacon from the premises with the words, "Get out! Call yourself a painter. You can't fucking paint. Take your boring friends with you and don't bother coming back."
Board was known for carrying on Belcher's tradition of obscene language, with tirades to drunken customers such as "Look at you, you great lump, just take a look at yourself. You're a sad and pathetic sight. For fuck's sake pull yourself together..."
Board was gay, and the club under Belcher, herself a lesbian, had always been a safe space to be openly homosexual. However, it was never exclusively so, and as Board said, "I don't mind those poofs, as long as they keep their distance."
Aged 60, Board stopped drinking brandy for breakfast, but continued to drink vodka at home in the morning, and from noon to 11 pm would consume vodka and brandy at the club.
Michael Wojas worked there as a barman and "Board's sidekick" for 13 years, and was bequeathed the club by Board at his 1994 death.

## Personal life

Board died from cirrhosis, on 26 June 1994.
# Michael T. Ullman

Michael T. Ullman (born July 29, 1962, San Francisco, California) is an American neuroscientist whose main field of research is the relationship between language, memory and the brain. He is best known for his Declarative/Procedural model of language.

## Early life and career

Ullman was born in San Francisco, California. He is an alumnus of the French American International School and Lowell High School (1976–1980), both in San Francisco. He received his BA in Computer Science from Harvard University in 1988 and his PhD from the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993. Ullman is currently a full professor at Georgetown University. His primary appointment is in the Department of Neuroscience (Georgetown University Medical Center), with secondary appointments in the Departments of Linguistics, Neurology and Psychology. He is the founding Director of the Brain and Language Lab, founding co-Director of the Center for the Brain Basis of Cognition, and founding Director of the Georgetown Cognitive Neuroscience EEG/ERP Center. He was a Presidential Columnist for American Psychological Society Observer in 2005. He currently lives in Washington D.C., with his daughter Clementina Ullman.
# Vincenzo Caprile

Vincenzo Caprile (1856 – 1936) was an Italian painter, mainly of genre scenes and landscapes depicting the coast of Amalfi.

## Biography

He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts of Naples, with Domenico Morelli and Gabriele Smargiassi. As an Impressionist painter, he was associated with the School of Resina, which included Federico Rossano, Marco de Gregorio and Giuseppe De Nittis. He made his debut in 1873, at the "Society for the Promotion of the Fine Arts". From 1874 to 1888, he was an active participant in exhibitions at home and abroad. In 1888, he was named an Honorary Professor at the Academy. For the last third of his life, he lived in Venice, alternating between paintings of lagoons and Neapolitan landscapes.
His seascape scenes depict the daily life of the area, and the rocks and beaches of Positano, Amalfi, Ravello and the Gulf of Salerno. Among his works are La Fanciulla di Positano and the portrait of the owner of the hotel Covo dei Saraceni.
Along with other Neapolitan Impressionist painters, such as Luca Postiglione, Pietro Scoppetta, Vincenzo Volpe, Edoardo Matania, Attilio Pratella, Giuseppe Casciaro, Giuseppe Chiarolanza [it], Gaetano Esposito, Vincenzo Migliaro, Vincenzo Irolli, he helped decorate the rooms of the Caffè Gambrinus in Naples.
Most of his works are in private collections, but some may be seen in museums, including the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna and the civic museum at Castel Nuovo.

## Gallery

* Portrait of a Woman
* Portrait of a Woman
* Easter Market in Naples
* Study of a Fisherman
* Water seller
* The "Surf" Water of Borgo Santa Lucia
# Stop Court-Packing Act

The Stop Court-Packing Act (H.R. 2239) was a proposed bill that was introduced in the 113th United States Congress on June 4, 2013, with the full title of the bill stating to "reduce the number of Federal judgeships for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit". The chief sponsor of the legislation was Republican Tom Cotton (R-AR4), with no other notable co-sponsors. He proposed a bill that would reduce the number of judges on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from eleven to eight.

## Overview

President Barack Obama said in a high-profile press conference, held in the White House’s Rose Garden that he would nominate Cornelia "Nina" Pillard, Patricia Millett and Robert L. Wilkins to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. However, Cotton introduced the Stop Court-Packing Act to eliminate three "needless" judgeships from the D.C. Circuit, claiming it would save millions of dollars.

## Reactions

In his reaction to the proposed Act, President Obama said it was an "obviously blatant political move" on the part of Senate Republicans to seek to reduce the size of the court while he was President. He noted that two months prior a judicial conference led by Justice Roberts said the current workload of the D.C. Circuit required 11 judges.
Janine Parry, a professor of politics at the University of Arkansas, said it would make some sense to read Cotton’s actions as a signal of his intent to challenge U.S. Sen. Mark Pryor, D-Ark., in the 2014 mid-term elections, as well as a way to burnish his image among conservative Republicans.

## Similar proposals

In early 2013, Senator Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) proposed a similar bill that would reduce the number of judges on the D.C. Circuit by three and would add one judge each to the New York-based Second Circuit Court of Appeals and the Atlanta-based Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals. The Judicial Conference, however, has not recommended that any additional judges be added to those two Circuit Courts of Appeals.
# Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe

The Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe (Arbitral Decision of Guadalupe) was a legal decree delivered by King Ferdinand II of Aragon at the Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe in Extremadura, Spain on 21 April 1486 to free the Catalan remensa peasants who were subjects of the lord of the manor and tied to his lands and subject to numerous onerous fees and maltreatment under the so-called evil customs (mals usos).

## Objective

The objective of the decree was to solve the conflicts between the remensa peasants and their lords, conflicts that had motivated the two wars of the Remences. Negotiations for drafting the decree were very difficult. The king himself became directly involved and was an effective negotiator, at least in the economic sphere. Finally, King Ferdinand dictated the Sentencia Arbitral that allowed the end of the evil customs in exchange for a payment (not only for the "mal ús" remença), and postponed the conflict that had lasted more than four centuries between lords and peasants.
In exchange for a payment of 60 sous per farmstead, the right to mistreat peasants and many other minor statutory abuses were abolished. Peasants retained the usufruct of the farm, but had to pay homage to the lord and pay emphyteutic and feudal fees, albeit with irrational amounts, more to mark who was really in charge than for economic benefit. The upshot was that the abolition of the feudal system for which the peasants were fighting, was converted only into the possibility of freeing themselves from the evil customs, or "malae consuetudines", as people called it at that time.
Signing on behalf of the peasants was Francesc de Verntallat along with 18 syndicates, including Llorenç Espígol of Sant Feliu de Pallerols.

## Repression

Even so, there was still repression: peasants were obliged to return all the castles that they had won from the lords, and pay 6,000 pounds compensation to the lords. While it is true that King Ferdinand freed some detainees, he also confiscated property or sterilized the land of others, or executed them.
The decree meant the beginning of a new phase in the Principality of Catalonia: the right to freely contract emphyteutic agreements, which led to general prosperity in the Catalonian countryside. By the 15th century, Catalan peasants already had a level of personal freedom that the rest of the Iberian Peninsula and Europe was not to know before the 18th or 19th century.
# Martin J. Louis

Martin J. Louis (born José Luis Martín Frías; 1946 in Segovia, Spain) is a Spanish photographer and painter best known for his iconic shots of rock and roll legends such as Queen, David Bowie, Robert Plant, Lou Reed, Ozzy Osbourne and Pink Floyd.
He is also founder of Spanish Rock publication Popular 1 Magazine.
# Reportedly haunted locations in the San Francisco Bay Area

There are many reportedly haunted locations in San Francisco, California. According to ghost hunters, over 100 sites in the San Francisco Bay Area are reported to be haunted.

## San Francisco
### Russian Hill

Manrow’s House, was built in 1851 by J.P. Marrow, a successful civil engineer and also a judge advocate of a vigilance committee with high reputation in the city. He reported paranormal activities at his house in the form of “visitations, table tapping, rapping and so forth”. These accounts were published in newspapers of San Francisco.

### The Richmond

The Neptune Society Columbarium, at One Loraine Court, was originally part of the Odd Fellows Cemetery.
Room 410 at the Queen Anne Hotel is said to be haunted by the namesake of the Miss Mary Lake's School for Girls.

## San Francisco Bay
### Alcatraz Island

Alcatraz Island and Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary are rumored to be haunted. The Huffington Post included it in a Halloween article list of "spooky places".

### Golden Gate Bridge

Over 1000 people have committed suicide by jumping off the Golden Gate Bridge, resulting in claims of it being haunted.

## Napa County

According to ghost hunters, Greenwood Mansion, between Napa and American Canyon, is reputedly haunted by its former owner John Greenwood and his wife who were murdered there in 1891.

## Solano County

The ground of an old village where the Spanish forces had killed many Patwin is part of Rockville Hills Regional Park. Local people reported seeing a “partial apparition of Chief Solano”

## In fiction

Mark Twain and Ambrose Bierce set ghost stories in San Francisco in the 19th century. The ghost incidents narrated are of the 1850s to 1950s set here are in the genre of stories, journalistic articles or based on investigations into the incidents. Some of the references have been sourced to books in the San Francisco Public Library, books such as “Haunted Houses of California” and the story of San Francisco Art Institute by Antoinette May, the "Vanishing Hitchhiker" by Rose Robinson, and “Foot Steps in the Fog : Alfred Hitchcocks San Francisco” authored by Jeff Craft and Aaron Leventhol.
# Shara L. Aranoff

Shara L. Aranoff was the Chairman of the U.S. International Trade Commission from 2005 to 2014. Aranoff was nominated to the Commission by President George W. Bush on April 27, 2005 for the term ending December 16, 2012. Her nomination was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on July 29, 2005, and she was sworn in as a member of the Commission on September 6, 2005. President Bush designated her Vice Chairman of the ITC for the term June 17, 2006 through June 16, 2008. He subsequently named her Chairman for the term June 17, 2008, through June 16, 2010.

## Government service

Prior to her appointment Aranoff was Senior International Trade Counsel on the Democratic staff of the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance, where she was responsible for legislative and policy issues on international trade and investment, including the Trade Act of 2002; negotiations involving the World Trade Organization, the Free Trade Area of the Americas, and numerous free trade agreements; trade remedy laws; Trade Adjustment Assistance; and trade-related environment and labor issues.
From June 1993 until her Senate Finance Committee appointment in January 2001, she served as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of the General Counsel at the U.S. International Trade Commission. Earlier in her career, Shara Aranoff was an Associate at the Washington, D.C. law firm of Steptoe & Johnson, specializing in international trade and public international law. Prior to that, she served as a judicial clerk for Herbert P. Wilkins, Associate Justice, Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.

## Early life and education

Originally from Framingham, Massachusetts, Aranoff is married to David Korn; they have two children and reside in Bethesda, Maryland.
Chairman Aranoff holds a bachelor of arts degree, from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. She received her J.D. from Harvard Law School. He attended the Graduate Institute of International Studies, in Geneva, Switzerland as a Fulbright Scholar from 1984–1985.

## Selected writings

* Industrial Biotechnology
# Ian Hoskins

Ian Rowland Hoskins (born in 1962) is an Australian historian and author based in Sydney. His books are known for their thematic surveying of social, cultural and geographical history.

## Career

Hoskins studied at the University of Sydney and taught American History there as an academic from 1989 to 1993, alongside fellow historians Neville Meaney and Shane White. In 1996, Hoskins was awarded his PhD titled Cultivating the Citizen: Cultural Politics in the Parks and Gardens of Sydney, 1880-1930.
In 2010, Hoskins won the Queensland Premier's Literary Prize for History with his first book Sydney Harbour: A History, which went on to be republished in 2022. His second book, Coast was the first history to be written on the New South Wales coast, receiving the New South Wales Premier’s Literary Prize for Community and Regional History in 2014. Published in 2020, Hoskins' third book Rivers: The Lifeblood of Australia included a foreword by Don Watson and was long-listed for the 2021 Indie Book Awards.
In the lead up to his latest work Australia & the Pacific: A History, Ian Hoskins became the State Library of NSW's 2019 CH Currey Fellow and studied their Pacific collections. His Pacific book was shortlisted for the 2022 New South Wales Premier’s History Awards and won the Frank Broeze Memorial Maritime History Book Prize in 2023. It was described by Ross Fitzgerald as a "captivating general history of Australia viewed in a Pacific context" and used the latest findings from archaeology, anthropology, history, and politics to explore Australia's relationship with its surrounding regions.
He has worked as the local historian for North Sydney Council since 2003. While chronicling North Sydney's history, Hoskins published "Was thinking of Home Today": North Sydney and the Great War which was shortlisted for the New South Wales Premier's History Awards for Local and Regional History in 2008. Also aligned with his role on North Sydney Council, Ian Hoskins' website won the National Trust Heritage Award for multimedia in 2015.

## Early life

Hoskins was born in Singapore to British parents, migrating to Sydney on Blue Star Line's MV Australasia in 1966.
# Raoiella

Raoiella is a genus of mite belonging to the family Tenuipalpidae.

## Species

* Raoiella indica Hirst, 1924, the red palm mite
* Raoiella australica Womersley, 1940
* Raoiella macfarlanei Pritchard & Baker, 1958
* Raoiella pandanae Mohanasundaram, 1989 (Tamil-Nadu)
* Raoiella phoenica Smith-Meyer, 1979 (Sudan)
* Raoiella shimapana Smith-Meyer, 1979 (Transvaal)
# Michael Evans (Dutch footballer)

Michael Evans (born July 21, 1976) is a Dutch former professional footballer.

## Club career

He made his professional debut for VVV-Venlo in an August 1995 Eerste Divisie match against RBC and after six seasons with his hometown club Evans tried out for Bradford City for three weeks, after which he had a trial at York City early in the 2001–02 season. He was signed by York initially on a one-month contract. He returned to Holland to play 7 seasons in the Dutch Hoofdklasse.
Evans was born in the Netherlands with an American father. He was released by JVC Cuijk in summer 2009 and joined fellow amateurs Rood Wit Groesbeek.
# Kuchenspitze

The Kuchenspitze is a mountain, 3,148 m (AA), in the Verwall between the valley of Stanzer Tal and Paznaun in the west of North Tyrol.

## Location and landscape

The mountain rises south of St. Anton am Arlberg in the Stanzer valley. Northeast of the summit is the Darmstädter Hut.
The Kuchenspitze is the second highest peak in the Verwall Group after the Hoher Riffler. Its main summit is not the 3148 spot height, but the peak to the south; to the north are several other subpeaks. The mountain is glaciated. In its north cirque (Nordkar) is the Großer Kuchenferner; to the west, the Kleiner Kuchenferner; and, to the south, between the main summit and the subpeak of the Küchlspitze (3,147 m), is the Großer Küchlferner. The ridge continues northwards via the col of Kuchenjöchl (2,730 m) to the Scheibler (2,978 m) and the Kartell Group above St. Anton. The Kuchenspitze is a little to the north of the main chain of the Verwall, which runs over the Küchlspitze. The entire west side of the mountain drains into the Kartellspeicher reservoir and the Moosbach into the Rosanna, the west flank into the Fasulbach, which empties into the upper Rosanna.

## Ascent

Two of the peaks, including point 3148, were first climbed by Andreas Madlener and Julius Volland on 3 September 1877, the actual main summit by Wilhelm Strauß with his guides, Josef Ladner and Gottlieb Lorenz on 19 September 1884. At that time it was one of the few unclimbed main summits of the group, because the main chain of the Verwall was ascended around 1860 as part of a state survey.
Today, the mountain is rarely visited. It may be ascended, for example, from St. Anton in the Verwall valley near the Konstanzer Hut directly or via the Kuchenjöchl, or up the Moosbach valley, and from the south from Ischgl via the Madleinalpe, or from Mathon via the Friedrichshafner Hut. The Darmstädter Hut usually the base. The routes to the summit are then at least difficult (UIAA grade II/SAC WS) and, in places, challenging climbs.
# September 11, 2001 Monument

The September 11, 2001 Monument is installed at the Texas State Cemetery in Austin, Texas. Designed by O'Connell, Robertson and Associates of Austin, the memorial commemorates victims of the September 11 attacks and Operation Enduring Freedom. It was commissioned by Governor Rick Perry in 2002 and unveiled in 2003. The monument includes two steel columns from Ground Zero.
# Vexillum interstriatum

Vexillum interstriatum is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 18 mm and 38 mm.
The longitudinal ribs are smooth, distant, the interstices with spiral striae. The shell is white, banded with orange, maculated with chestnut between the ribs.

## Distribution

This species occurs off the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, Hawaii; also off Papua New Guinea and Queensland, Australia.