OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mandiala, Jalandhar

Mandiala is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from sub district headquarter and 33 kilometres (21 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 296 houses and the population of 1,538 of which 777 are males while 761 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 578 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# Preston and District Weavers', Winders' and Warpers' Association

The Preston and District Weavers', Winders' and Warpers' Association was a trade union representing cotton weavers in the Preston, Lancashire, in England.
The union was founded in 1858 as the Preston Power Loom Weavers' Association, although a predecessor of the same name had operated at times from 1842 onwards. The union decided against joining the North East Lancashire Amalgamated Weavers' Association, but in 1884 it became a founder member of the Amalgamated Weavers' Association.
The union grew steadily, reaching 5,388 members in 1892, 7,300 members in 1910, and reaching a peak of 13,000 members in 1920. In 1912, the union voted to pay a political levy to the Labour Party. A minority of members objected strongly to this, and 2,340 of them split away, forming the rival Preston Power Loom Weavers', Winders' and Warpers' Protection Society. Membership of this union failed to grow, and in 1921 it rejoined the Preston Weavers.
The small Bamber Bridge and District Weavers', Winders' and Warpers' Association merged into the Preston Weavers in 1940, but membership fell in line with the decline in the Lancashire cotton industry, dropping to only 4,050 by 1960. It had long worked closely with the Lancaster and District Weavers', Winders' and Warpers' Association, and with another union based in Carlisle, and in 1970 these merged into the Preston Weavers. In response to its broader remit, the union renamed itself as the North Lancashire and Cumbria Textile Workers' Association.
In 1982, the union merged with the Bolton and District Union of Textile and Allied Workers, the Bolton and District Power Loom Weavers', Winders', Warpers' and Loom Sweepers' Association, and the Wigan, Chorley and Skelmersdale District of the Amalgamated Textile Trades Union, forming the North West Lancashire, Durham and Cumbria Textile Workers' Union. This merged into the GMB four years later.

## General secretaries

    1858: J. Swift
    1875: Luke Park
    1919: R. J. H. Riding
    1920s: T. Sumner
    1941: G. Gardner
    1950s: Fred Fleetwood
    as of 1970: G. F. Jones
# Valkyria

Valkyria may refer to:
* Valkyria (roller coaster), a roller coaster at Liseberg, Gothenburg, Sweden
* Valkyria Chronicles, a series of tactical role-playing video games
* Valkyria Chronicles (video game), the first game in the series
* "Valkyria", song by Amon Amarth
# Urogonodes clinala

Urogonodes clinala is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Wilkinson in 1972. It is found in Nepal.
# Sanjak of Niš

The Sanjak of Niš (Turkish: Niş Sancağı; Serbian: Нишки санџак, romanized: Niški Sandžak; Albanian: Sanxhaku i Nishit; Bulgarian: Нишки санджак, romanized: Nishki sandzhak) was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire and its county town was Niš. It was composed of the kazas of Niš (Niş), Pirot (Şehirköy), Leskovac (Leskofça), Vranje (İvranye), Kuršumlija (Kurşunlu), Prokuplje (Ürküp) and Tran (Turan).

## History
### Middle Ages

Ottoman Empire captured Niš in 1375 for the first time. At the Battle of Niš (early November 1443), crusaders led by John Hunyadi, captured Ottoman stronghold Niš and defeated three armies of the Ottoman Empire. After 1443 Niš was under control of Đurađ Branković. In 1448 it was again captured by Ottoman Empire and remained under its control for the next 241 years.
Toponyms such as Arbanaška and Đjake shows an Albanian presence in the Toplica and Southern Morava regions (located north-east of contemporary Kosovo) since the Late Middle Ages. Albanians in the Niš region converted to Islam after the area became part of the Ottoman Empire. Further Medieval Albanian toponyms are recorded in the area such as Arbanaška Mountain (Albanian Mountain), Arbanaško Hill (Albanian Hill), Arbanaška River (Albanian river) etc.

### 17th and 18th centuries

In 1689 (during Great Turkish War) and in 1737 Niš was captured for a brief period of time by Austrian monarchy. The Ottoman-Habsburg wars and their aftermath resulted in the city of Niš and the wider area losing a sizable part of its population, due to them having fled or death. Some Albanians from contemporary northern Albania and Western Kosovo settled in the Toplica and Morava regions in the second half of the 18th century, at times instigated by Ottoman authorities.

### 19th century

Midhat Pasha was one of the most noteworthy sanjak-beys of Niš (1861–64) whose reforms in the sanjak were so beneficial that the sultan charged him with preparing the scheme for adapting them to the whole empire. The Sanjak of Niš became part of the Danube Vilayet when the latter was created in 1864. In 1868 the sanjak was joined with the Sanjak of Prizren, Sanjak of Skopje and Sanjak of Dibra into one vilayet, Prizren Vilayet, which existed until 1877. In 1871 the sanjak was joined with the Sanjak of Novi Pazar to establish the new Vilayet of Novi Pazar which existed less than a year, when the previous situation was restored.
Albanians were a majority population in some areas of the Sanjak of Niš, like the Toplica region and some villages in the district of Vranje, prior to the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). During and after the Serbian–Ottoman War of 1876–78, between 30,000 and 70,000 Muslims, mostly Albanians, were expelled by the Serb army from the Sanjak of Niș and fled to the Kosovo Vilayet.
The largest part of Sanjak of Niš was annexed by the Principality of Serbia after Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), while smaller part and the whole Sanjak of Sofia were annexed by the Principality of Bulgaria.
# Jing (name)

Jing is an East Asian surname and given name of Chinese origin. It is also the pinyin romanization of a number of less-common names including Jīng (京), Jīng (荆), Jìng (t 經, s 经), Jǐng (井), and Jǐng (景), etc.

## Surname 景 (Jǐng)

* Jing Junhai (景俊海; 1960-) Chinese politician, serving since 2018 as the Governor of Jilin
* Jing Haipeng (景海鹏, 1966-) Chinese pilot and astronaut selected as part of the Shenzhou program.

## Surname 井 (Jǐng)

* Jing Boran (井柏然; 1989-), Chinese actor and singer
* Jing Junhong (井浚泓, 1968-), Chinese former professional table tennis player
* Jing Yuexiu (井岳秀, 1878-1936), Chinese Warlord of Shaanxi during Warlord Era

## Surname 经 (Jīng)

* Jing Shuping (Chinese: 经叔平, 1918 – 2009), Chinese businessman and banker

## Surname 荊 (Jīng)

* Jing Ke (荊軻, ? – 227 BC) a retainer of Crown Prince Dan of the Yan state and renowned for his failed assassination attempt of King Zheng of the Qin state

## Given name

* Jing Lee (born 1967), Australian-Malaysian politician (as first name)
* Jing Tian-Zörner (born 1963), Chinese-born German table tennis player
# Salkiana

Salkiana is a village in Phillaur in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from sub district headquarter and 62 kilometres (39 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 276 houses and the population of 1410 of which 734 are males while 676 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 1190 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# Hoyos de Miguel Muñoz

Hoyos de Miguel Muñoz is a municipality located in the province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 46 inhabitants.
At 1,534 metres elevation, Hoyos de Miguel Muñoz is the highest peak in the province of Ávila and the 6th highest in Spain.
# Hesperomannia arbuscula

Hesperomannia arbuscula, the Maui island-aster or Maui hesperomannia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to the island of Maui in Hawaiʻi; plants from Oʻahu are now classified as Hesperomannia oahuensis. It is found in mixed mesic and wet forests at elevations of 350–900 m (1,150–2,950 ft). It is threatened by habitat degradation caused by feral pigs, competition with alien plants, predation from rats, and trampling or collecting by humans.
There are fewer than 25 plants remaining in the wild.
# Mansar, Pakistan

Mansar (Urdu:مانسر) is a town in the Chach Valley of Attock District in Punjab Province, Pakistan.
It is located close to bank of the Indus River, and the Azad Kashmir Regiment of Pakistan Army is based close to this village.

## Demographics

Mansar's population is exclusively Muslim, and mostly belongs to Awan, Malyaar, Mughal, Shaikh and Pathan tribes.

## Shrines

The shrines of the Sufi saint Sin Kalo Baba (سائیں کلو بابا), revered for his piety, and his disciple Sayyad Anwar Shah (سید انور شاہ) are also present in Mansar. There is also a tomb of a disciple of Sayyad Anwar Shah, Bhai Mohammad Alam (بھائی محمد عالم).
# Premiere Stakes

The Premiere Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 2 Thoroughbred horse race at Weight for Age for three-year-olds and older run over a distance of 1200 metres at Randwick Racecourse, Sydney, Australia. Prize money is A$1,000,000.

## History

The race originally was scheduled in mid August but after the merging of the Australian Jockey Club and Sydney Turf Club the race was moved in 2011 to early October and is part of the Epsom Handicap racecard.

### Grade

* 1972–1978 - Listed race
* 1979–1996 - Group 3
* 1997 onwards Group 2

### Distance

* 1972–1975 - 1300 metres
* 1976 onwards - 1200 metres

### Venue

* 1972–1983 - Rosehill Racecourse
* 1984 - Canterbury Park Racecourse
* 1985–1992 - Rosehill Racecourse
* 1993 - Canterbury Park Racecourse
* 1994–2010 - Rosehill Racecourse
* 2011 onwards - Randwick Racecourse

## Winners

* 2024 - Airman
* 2023 - Think About It
* 2022 - Lost And Running
* 2021 - Masked Crusader
* 2020 - Libertini
* 2019 - Brutal
* 2018 - Santa Ana Lane
* 2017 - In Her Time
* 2016 - Takedown
* 2015 - Terravista
* 2014 - Famous Seamus
* 2013 - Arinosa
* 2012 - Red Tracer
* 2011 - Neeson
* 2010 - Hot Danish
* 2009 - †Mentality / Kroner
* 2008 - Triple Honour
* 2007 - German Chocolate
* 2006 - Paratroopers
* 2005 - Shania Dane
* 2004 - Spark Of Life
* 2003 - Thorn Park
* 2002 - Century Kid
* 2001 - On Type
* 2000 - Mr. Innocent
* 1999 - Mr. Innocent
* 1998 - Masked Party
* 1997 - King Ivor
* 1996 - Legal Agent
* 1995 - Light Up The World
* 1994 - Stormy Regent
* 1993 - Klokka
* 1992 - Joanne
* 1991 - Joanne
* 1990 - Integra
* 1989 - High Regard
* 1988 - Sky Chase
* 1987 - Campaign King
* 1986 - Imperial Baron
* 1985 - Avon Angel
* 1984 - March Magic
* 1983 - Emancipation
* 1982 - Latin Saint
* 1981 - Kingston Town
* 1980 - Silver Wraith
* 1979 - Salaam
* 1978 - Monakea
* 1977 - Makara
* 1976 - Purple Patch
* 1975 - Go Mod
* 1974 - Favoured
* 1973 - Zambari
* 1972 - Outback
† Dead heat
# Popular Union Party (Panama)

The Popular Union Party (in Spanish: Partido Unión Popular, PUP) was a Panamanian centrist liberal political party.
It was founded in 1947 by Sergio González Ruiz.
Sergio González Ruiz was one of leaders of the Community Action (in 1920s-1930s)
and Liberal Doctrinaire Party (in 1930s-1940s).
In 1946 five liberal parties have allied within the Liberal Unification. Its five original parties were the Liberal Doctrinaire Party (led by Domingo Díaz Arosemena), Liberal Democratic Party (under Enrique Adolfo Jiménez), Liberal Renewal Party (under Francisco Arias Paredes), Chiarista Liberal Party (under Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón) and United Liberal Party (founded by died ex-President Belisario Porras Barahona).
After the 1947 Liberal Unification nominating convention, Sergio González Ruiz faction withdrew from the Liberal Unification.
For the 1948 elections, the PUP presented its presidential candidate, Sergio González Ruiz.
He polled 5,634 votes (02.84%).
The PUP won 2 legislative seats.
In 1952 the PUP joined the Liberal Party “del Matadero”, National Revolutionary Party, Authentic Revolutionary Party and Renewal Party to form the National Patriotic Coalition (CPN) to support the presidential aspirations of Colonel José Antonio Remón Cantera, head of the National Police.
In 1953 the National Patriotic Coalition was reorganized as a single party.
In 1959 the former PUP faction left the CPN.
# Margherita Assembly constituency

Margherita Assembly constituency is one of the 126 assembly constituencies of Assam a north east state of India. Margherita is also part of Dibrugarh Lok Sabha constituency.

## Members of Legislative Assembly

* 1978: Kul Bahadur Chetri, Janata Party
* 1983: Kul Bahadur Chetri, Indian National Congress
* 1985: Kul Bahadur Chetri, Indian National Congress
* 1991: Kul Bahadur Chetri, Indian National Congress
* 1996: Tarun Gogoi, Indian National Congress
* 1998 (by-election): Pradyut Bordoloi, Indian National Congress
* 2001: Pradyut Bordoloi, Indian National Congress
* 2006: Pradyut Bordoloi, Indian National Congress
* 2011: Pradyut Bordoloi, Indian National Congress
* 2016: Bhaskar Sharma, Bharatiya Janata Party
* 2021: Bhaskar Sharma, Bharatiya Janata Party

## Election results
### 2021

2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election: Margherita :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BJP | Bhaskar Sharma | 86,640 | 56.52 | +0.68 |
| | INC | Manoranjan Borgohain | 28,140 | 18.36 | −20.85 |
| | AJP | Sanjay Kumar Deb | 22,935 | 14.96 | N/A |
| | Independent | Ignatius Ekka | 10,315 | 6.73 | N/A |
| | Independent | Rantu Sonowal | 1,444 | 0.94 | N/A |
| | Independent | Bhogeswar Shyam | 1,269 | 0.83 | N/A |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 2,536 | 1.65 | +0.09 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 58,500 | 38.16 | +21.53 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,53,279 | 78.12 | −5.88 |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | | |

### 2016

2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election: Margherita :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BJP | Bhaskar Sharma | 76,365 | 55.84 | +18.73 |
| | INC | Pradyut Bordoloi | 53,621 | 39.21 | −12.94 |
| | Independent | Nidan Purty | 1,332 | 0.97 | N/A |
| | Independent | Bishwanath Singha | 1,306 | 0.95 | N/A |
| | Independent | Umesh Bora | 1,289 | 0.74 | N/A |
| | Independent | Purna Chhetri | 690 | 0.50 | N/A |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 2,137 | 1.56 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 22,744 | 16.63 | +1.59 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,36,740 | 84.00 | +15.61 |
| | BJP gain from INC | BJP gain from INC | Swing | | |

### 2011

2011 Assam Legislative Assembly election: Margherita :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | INC | Pradyut Bordoloi | 57,615 | 52.15 |
| | BJP | Kamakhya Prasad Tasa | 41,006 | 37.11 |
| | AGP | Suren Phukan | 7,066 | 6.40 |
| | Independent | Joikrishna Tanti | 2,923 | 2.65 |
| | AITC | Abani Mohan Medhi | 1,874 | 1.70 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 16,609 | 15.04 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,10,484 | 68.39 |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | |
# Nicotiana insecticida

Nicotiana insecticida is a species of plant of the family Solanaceae native to Western Australia. A wild tobacco, it is covered in sticky glandular hairs that trap and kill small insects, including gnats, aphids, and flies. It is the first wild tobacco plant discovered to kill insects. It grows to a height of 1.5 m (4.9 ft) and has leaves that are between 3.6–20.2 cm (1+1⁄2–8 in) long and 1.1–8 cm (1⁄2–3+1⁄4 in) wide. The height of its flowering is in late winter to spring. Its white flowers regularly self-pollinate, producing dry fruit and seeds. The plants are annual and wither after fruiting. Often growing in the shade of mulga or gum trees or on the shady sides of rocks or in caves, it ranges from near the Indian Ocean in north-western Western Australia to central portions of the Northern Territory, mostly north of the Tropic of Capricorn. Botanists Mark Wayne Chase and Maarten J. M. Christenhusz wrote the species description in 2021. Nicotiana insecticida is remarkable in its insect trapping abilities. The species epithet, insecticida, is Latin for insect killer, and refers to this species killing many small insects with its extremely sticky hairs.
# Thomas J. Kenny (politician)

Thomas Joseph Kenny (November 18, 1863 – May 17, 1926) was an American politician who served as a member of the Boston City Council and the Boston School Committee. He was runner up in the 1914 Boston mayoral election.

## Early life

Kenny was born on November 18, 1863. He was raised in South Boston and attended Boston Public Schools. He began working at the law firm of Morse, Loomis, & Lane at the age of 16 and was admitted to the bar in 1897. That same year he entered a partnership with George W. Morse. In 1903 the firm was reorganized as Morse, Hickey, & Kenny. Following Morse’s death in 1905, Kenny became the senior partner of the firm following. In addition to practicing law, Kenny also served as president of the Atlas Chemical Company and Newton Building Company, was an officer of the George G. Carter Company, Henry L. Sawyer Company, Hub Wire Cloth and Wire Work Company, and the Wakefield Paper Box Company, and was a director of the Ketchikan Consolidated Mines Company.

## Politics

From 1898 to 1904 he represented Ward 15 on the school committee. In 1905 he was elected to the reorganized at-large committee. He declined renomination in 1907 after the Democratic Party failed to renominate his ally on the board, William S. Kenny (no relation).
In 1909, Kenny was elected to the Boston City Council. He was reelected in 1911. In 1913 he was elected council president. Kenny served as acting mayor during John F. Fitzgerald’s vacation to Palm Beach, Florida in February 1913.
On October 29, 1913, Kenny entered the 1914 Boston mayoral election. His campaign was managed by fellow councilor Walter Ballantyne, a Republican. Kenny ran on a platform supporting a reduced tax rate, street improvements, centralizing all city purchasing under the supply department, public advertisement of contracts, and establishing a merit system for hiring and promotions in all departments. Following Mayor John F. Fitzgerald’s unexpected withdrawal from the race, the Kenny campaign sought to capture a majority of the Fitzgerald vote, however the mayor stayed neutral in the race between Kenny and the only remaining candidate, James Michael Curley. Kenny received the endorsement of the Citizens' Municipal League, the majority of Democratic ward chairs, as well as many Republican leaders. Curley defeated Kenny by a margin of about 6,000 votes. Kenny’s defeat was blamed on poor turnout from the largely Republican Goo-goos (members of the Good Government Association).

## Later life

Kenny remained on the city council until his term ended on January 30, 1915. He endorsed James A. Gallivan in the 1917 Boston mayoral election over the GGA-backed Andrew James Peters.
Kenny died on May 17, 1926. Never married, Kenny was survived by a brother and a sister. He left the bulk of his estate to Boston College.
# Susan Casteras

Susan Paulette Casteras is an American art historian, educator, and curator. Casteras is Professor of Art History Emeritus from the University of Washington. She is a specialist on British art, particularly Victorian art and Pre-Raphaelitism.

## Career

Born to John and Pauline Troyanovich, Casteras received a Bachelor of Arts in Art History and English Literature from Vassar College in 1971, as summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa. She then earned three degrees in Art History from Yale University: a Master of Arts in 1973, a Master of Philosophy in 1975, and a Doctor of Philosophy in 1977. Her doctoral dissertation was on Victorian art, under the direction of George L. Hersey.
Upon graduating, Casteras was appointed Assistant Curator of Paintings at the Yale Center for British Art. In 1991, she was promoted to Curator for five years. Simultaneously, she was also Lecturer of Art History at her alma mater. She then began her professorial career at the University of Washington, where she was named Professor of Art History Emeritus upon retirement.

## Personal life

In 1976, Casteras married the lawyer Eric Schnapper.

## Selected works

* Images of Victorian Womanhood in English Art, 1987 ISBN 9780838632819
* English Pre-Raphaelitism and its Reception in America in the 19th Century, 1990 ISBN 9780838633281
* James Smetham: Artist, Author, Pre-Raphaelite Associate, 1995 ISBN 9781859281031
* The Grosvenor Gallery: A Palace of Art in Victorian England, 1996 ISBN 978-0300067521
# Hesperomannia lydgatei

Hesperomannia lydgatei, the Kauai island-aster or Kauai hesperomannia, is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
It is found only in Hawaii, where it is endemic to Kauai.
It is threatened by habitat loss. There are fewer than 300 individuals remaining.
# Princess Minabe

Princess Minabe (御名部皇女, Minabe no himemiko) (? – ?) was a member of the royal family in Japan during the Asuka period. She was a daughter of Emperor Tenji. Her mother was Lady Mei (姪娘), daughter of Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro (蘇我倉山田石川麻呂). She was the elder sister of Princess Abe.
She married Prince Takechi and had two sons: Prince Nagaya and Prince Suzuka. The two princes were successful in Japan's aristocratic society several decades later.
# Pooginook Conservation Park

Pooginook Conservation Park (formerly the Pooginook National Park) is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia in the locality of Pooginook about 166 kilometres (103 mi) north-east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north-east of the town of Waikerie.$^{:1}$
The conservation park consists of land in Sections 7, 8 and 14 in the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Pooginook.$^{:1}$ It is bounded on the southern side of sections 8 and 14 by the Goyder Highway.$^{:12}$ It was proclaimed on 7 May 1970 as the Pooginook National Park under the National Parks Act 1966. On 27 April 1972, it was reconstituted as the Pooginook Conservation Park under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. As of 2018, it covered an area of 28.51 square kilometres (11.01 sq mi).
In 1980, the conservation park was described as follows:
   This park preserves an area of mallee scrub and low sand dune terrain, providing habitat for a diverse flora and fauna. Species of particular significance found in the Park include the mallee fowl, pink cockatoo, regent parrot, black-eared miner and the black honeyeater. The hairy-nosed wombat was introduced to this park and is believed to be surviving still… The northern portion of the park is dense mallee scrub on a sandy plain with low parallel dunes. The principal species is Eucalyptus socialis with scattered Myoporum platycarpum and Santalum murrayanum. Dominant species in the understorey are Triodia irritans and Eremophila glabra. The southern half of the park is more open with some mallee of the above species and bushes of Acacia spp, Grevillea pterosperma and Leptospermum coriaceum… The northern part of the park is in little modified condition while the southern part is regenerating from past grazing and shows remnants of the old clearings of an abandoned farm. Goats and rabbits are a problem.
As of 1994, visitation was described as being “moderate”.$^{:4}$
The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category Ia protected area. In 1980, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate.