OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# KCHJ

KCHJ may refer to:
* KCHJ (AM), a radio station (1010 AM) licensed to serve Delano, California, United States
* KQKZ, a radio station (92.1 FM) licensed to serve Bakersfield, California, which held the call sign KCHJ-FM from 2016 to 2019
# Ritual and Domestic Life in Prehistoric Europe

Ritual and Domestic Life in Prehistoric Europe is a book by the English archaeologist Richard Bradley of the University of Reading. It was first published by Routledge in 2005.
Bradley questions whether a distinction can be drawn between ritual and non-ritual behavior in prehistoric Europe, citing ethnographic comparisons and archaeological examples to suggest that ritualised activities were a part of domestic life and agriculture.

## Synopsis

Part One, "The Importance of Ordinary Things", opens with chapter one, "Death and the Harvest", in which Bradley looks at the manner in which archaeologists have differentiated between ritual and domestic life. Discussing the Galician hórreos, or raised storehouses, he uses them as an example to highlight that both ritual and domestic features can be found in the same structure. Moving on to other archaeological examples, he discusses Durrington Walls in Wiltshire, England, and then the viereckschanzen of southern Germany and Bohemia. He then rounds off the chapter with a discussion of what ritual is, citing the work of social anthropologists and ritual studies scholars like Jack Goody, Maurice Bloch and Catherine Bell, emphasising that ritual is a form of action. Chapter two, "The consecration of the house" explores ritual elements in the domestic sphere, beginning with an examination of Gamla Uppsala and moving on to suggest that across Northern Europe, houses were used as Celtic buildings on certain occasions., citing ethnographic examples from the Maori of New Zealand. Bradley proceeds to an examination of instances where graves have been placed over houses in prehistoric Europe.
# Serince, Şahinbey

Serince, historically Zemge, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şahinbey, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 1,292 in 2022.
# Uğrak, Çorum

Uğrak is a village in the Çorum District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 124 (2022).
# John Kemble

John Kemble may refer to:
* John Kemble (martyr) (1599–1679), English Roman Catholic martyr
* John C. Kemble (1800–1843), New York politician
* John H. Kemble (1912–1990), American professor of history and maritime historian
* John Philip Kemble (1757–1823), English actor and manager
* John Mitchell Kemble (1807–1857), English historian
# John I. Taylor

John Irving Taylor (January 14, 1875 – January 26, 1938) was an American baseball executive. He was principal owner of the Boston Red Sox from 1904 until 1911, and remained a part owner until 1914.

## Biography

Taylor was the son of Charles H. Taylor, publisher of The Boston Globe; a brother, William O. Taylor, would later succeed their father as publisher. John, William, and a third brother, Charles Jr., all worked for the Globe, although John's tenure was limited to several years after high school.
Taylor purchased the Red Sox from Henry Killilea on April 19, 1904, with his father Charles serving as a minority owner. In September 1911, the Taylors sold half of the stock in the team to Jimmy McAleer and Robert B. McRoy, with McAleer taking over as team president. During this time, the Red Sox won the 1912 World Series. On December 21, 1913, Joseph Lannin, Frank P. Cooper, and John R. Turner purchased McAleer and McRoy's half of the team with Lannin becoming team president. On May 15, 1914, Lannin bought out all of his partners and became sole owner of the Red Sox.
In his later years, Taylor lived in Dedham, Massachusetts, and died in hospital following a brief illness on January 26, 1938, aged 63. He is interred with his wife Daisy in Forest Hills Cemetery in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts.
A son, John Ingalls Taylor, served as president of the Globe (1963–1975) and a grandson, Benjamin B. Taylor, served as president (1993–1997) and publisher (1997–1999). Taylor was inducted to the Boston Red Sox Hall of Fame in 2012.
# John IV of Werle

John IV of Werle-Goldberg, (before 1350 – between 13 March and 14 December 1374) was from 1354 until his death Lord of Werle-Goldberg.
He was the son of Nicholas IV and Agnes of Lindow-Ruppin.
As he was still a minor when he inherited Werle, his mother put him under the guardianship of Duke Albert II of Mecklenburg. However, a dispute arose between Albert II and John's mother, and she then chose Lord Nicholas III of Werle-Güstrow as his guardian. After Nicholas's death, John IV ruled for himself.
On 31 October 1366, he closed a marriage contract with Duke Albert II and his sons, in which he was promised he could marry Euphemia, the four-year-old daughter of Albert's son Henry III. The marriage was planned for 1379, when she would be 17 years old. However, John IV died in 1374, so the marriage never took place.
He died in 1374, unmarried and childless. With his death, the Werle-Goldberg line died out and Werle-Goldberg fell to Bernard II of Werle-Güstrow. He was probably buried in the Doberan Minster.
# List of presidents of the University of Oklahoma

This list of presidents of the University of Oklahoma includes all fifteen individuals who have served as the president of the University of Oklahoma since the institution was founded in 1890.
The University of Oklahoma is a public university, created and supported by the state of Oklahoma, and it is a designated research university. The campus of the university is located in Norman, and it has facilities in Oklahoma City and Tulsa.
Joseph Harroz Jr. is the fifteenth and current president of the University of Oklahoma, Harroz Jr. succeeded James L. Gallogly on May 9, 2020 after serving as interim president for the previous year.
Presidents :
| No. | Name | Years | Notes |
| 1 | David Ross Boyd | 1892–1908 | |
| 2 | A. Grant Evans | 1908–1911 | |
| – | Julien Monnet | 1911–1912 | Monnet served as interim president. |
| 3 | Stratton D. Brooks | 1912–1923 | |
| – | James S. Buchanan | 1923–1924 | Buchanan served as interim president before becoming official. |
| 4 | James S. Buchanan | 1924–1925 | |
| 5 | William Bizzell | 1925–1941 | |
| 6 | Joseph A. Brandt | 1941–1943 | |
| – | George Lynn Cross | 1943–1944 | Cross served as interim president before becoming official. |
| 7 | George Lynn Cross | 1944–1968 | |
| 8 | John Herbert Hollomon Jr. | 1968–1970 | |
| – | Pete Kyle McCarter | 1970–1971 | McCarter served as interim president. |
| 9 | Paul F. Sharp | 1971–1978 | |
| 10 | William S. Banowsky | 1978–1985 | |
| – | Martin C. Jischke | 1985 | Jischke served as interim president. |
| 11 | Frank E. Horton | 1985–1988 | |
| – | David Swank | 1988–1989 | Swank served as interim president. |
| 12 | Richard L. Van Horn | 1989–1994 | |
| – | John R. Morris | 1994 | Morris served as interim president. |
| 13 | David Boren | 1994–2018 | |
| 14 | James L. Gallogly | 2018–2019 | |
| – | Joseph Harroz Jr. | 2019–2020 | Harroz served as interim president before becoming official. |
| 15 | Joseph Harroz Jr. | 2020– | |
# John McNamara (VC)

John McNamara VC (28 October 1887 – 16 October 1918) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
He was 30 years old, and a corporal in the 9th Battalion, The East Surrey Regiment, British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross.
On 3 September 1918 north west of Lens, France, when operating a telephone in evacuated enemy trenches occupied by his battalion, Corporal McNamara realised that a determined enemy counter-attack was gaining ground. Rushing to the nearest post, he made very good use of a revolver taken from a wounded officer and then, seizing a Lewis gun, he fired it until it jammed. By this time, he was alone in the post and, having destroyed the telephone, he joined the nearest post and maintained a Lewis gun until reinforcements arrived.
He was killed in action near Solesmes, France, on 16 October 1918.
In 2018, a plaque was unveiled in the John McNamara Gardens in the centre of Bamber Bridge, less than half a mile from where he was born. Three generations of his family, politicians, soldiers and priests stood in tribute to McNamara, 100 years after the courageous act which earned him the only Victoria Cross awarded to a aresident of South Ribble.

## The medal

His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment Museum, in Clandon Park, Surrey.
# Pembroke Military Cemetery

Pembroke Military Cemetery Malta is a burial ground for military personnel and their dependants. It is located close by the former St Patrick's Barracks (now St Clare's College) in the Pembroke Council area, on a minor road (Triq Adrian Dingli).
The first soldier buried at the cemetery was Sapper F Jarvis of 28 Company the Royal Engineers, who died on 5 May 1908. The majority of those interred and remembered at the cemetery are casualties of the two World Wars (but mainly the Second World War), many in communal graves. The last person buried at the site was a civilian Maria A Sammut who died on 15 September 2003. There are a total of 324 war graves associated with First and Second World Wars; the CWGC also maintains 273 non-war graves.
One group of graves and a memorial was erected to remember the Maltese servicemen of the Malta Fortress Squadron, Royal Engineers who died instantly and later of their injuries when their RAF Hastings airplane crashed at El Adem Airfield in Libya on 10 October 1961. Many other Maltese servicemen are buried in the cemetery.
Malta's CWGC Cemeteries became the centre of a controversy when the then Prime Minister of Malta Dom Mintoff was recorded as considering doing away with the island's war cemeteries in 1978; the threat was never carried out.
There are a number of CWGC graveyards and sites that are cared for by the British Government through the auspices of the CWGC and some of the larger collections of war graves can be found at the following locations:
* Pieta Military Cemetery
* Capucinni Naval Cemetery (also known as Kalkara Naval Cemetery)
* Imtarfa Military Cemetery
* Malta Memorial - Valletta (not graves but commemorating those with no known grave)
# Pennsylvania Senate, District 49

Pennsylvania State Senate District 49 includes part of Erie County. It is currently represented by Republican Dan Laughlin.

## District profile

The district includes the following areas:
Erie County:
* Albion
* Amity Township
* Conneaut Township
* Cranesville
* Edinboro
* Elk Creek Township
* Erie
* Fairview Township
* Franklin Township
* Girard
* Girard Township
* Greene Township
* Greenfield Township
* Harborcreek Township
* Lake City
* Lawrence Park Township
* LeBoeuf Township
* McKean
* McKean Township
* Mill Village
* Millcreek Township
* North East
* North East Township
* Platea
* Springfield Township
* Summit Township
* Union City
* Union Township
* Venango Township
* Washington Township
* Waterford
* Waterford Township
* Wattsburg
* Wesleyville

## Senators

| Representative | Party | Years | Counties |
| William G. Sesler | Democratic | 1961–1972 | Erie |
| Quentin R. Orlando | Democratic | 1973–1980 | Erie (part) |
| Anthony Andrezeski | Democratic | 1981–1996 | Erie (part) |
| Jane Earll | Republican | 1997–2012 | Erie (part) |
| Sean D. Wiley | Democratic | 2013–2016 | Erie (part) |
| Dan Laughlin | Republican | 2017–present | Erie (part) |

## Recent election results

PA Senate election, 2020 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Dan Laughlin (incumbent) | 69,813 | 59.8 |
| | Democratic | Julie Slomski | 46,900 | 40.2 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 116,713 | 100.0 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
PA Senate election, 2016 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Dan Laughlin | 57,790 | 53.4 |
| | Democratic | Sean Wiley (incumbent) | 50,356 | 46.6 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 108,146 | 100.0 |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |
PA Senate election, 2012 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Sean Wiley | 60,921 | 60.0 |
| | Republican | Janet Anderson | 40,592 | 40.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 101,513 | 100.0 |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |
PA Senate election, 2008 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Jane Earll (incumbent) | 61,134 | 58.1 |
| | Democratic | Cindy Purvis | 44,173 | 41.9 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 105,307 | 100.0 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
# Pelandaba

Pelandaba is a suburb of Bulawayo in Zimbabwe. It has nearly 30,000 residents as of 2007. It houses Sizane Secondary School, Induba Primary School and the house of late Joshua Nkomo, the former leader of Zimbabwe's African Peoples Union.

## Origins

The neighborhood was built in the 1950s as an "elite African community". J. H. Sobantu (who in the 1930s was "an emerging member of Southern Rhodesia's Westernized African elite"), was one of the chairmen of the residents' association. Its founding was the result of the boom in the Zimbabwe economy of the early 1950s, when the number of jobs as well as wages increased, a development from which Zimbabwe's black residents profited as well; moreover, labor unrests of the late 1940s showed the need for a more stable social situation. This led to a demand for better housing in better neighborhoods, and "both the government and employers began to pay more serious attention to the housing problems of urban blacks". Bulawayo, while opposing black landownership, "grudgingly introduced an African Home Ownership Scheme on a thirty-year leasehold basis". So, residents did not actually own the land on which they built "even the[ir] plushest houses": the 1930 Land Apportionment Act had reserved significant chunks of the country (the most fertile ones) to whites, including the white suburbs. The land on which Pelandaba (and the similar suburb Pumula) was built was leased from the city. The suburb proved successful enough in attracting the African elite (including such notables as Joshua Nkomo), and became "the trendiest black community in Bulawayo"; by 1957 its houses rivaled those of expensive white neighborhoods.
# Peligrosa (disambiguation)

Peligrosa is a Venezuelan TV series.
Peligrosa may also refer to:
* "Peligrosa" (FloyyMenor song), 2024
* "Peligrosa" (Lartiste and Karol G song), 2018
* "Peligrosa" a song by J Balvin from the album Vibras, 2018
# Pentane interference

Pentane interference or syn-pentane interaction is the steric hindrance that the two terminal methyl groups experience in one of the chemical conformations of n-pentane. The possible conformations are combinations of anti conformations and gauche conformations and are anti-anti, anti-gauche$^+$, gauche$^+$ - gauche$^+$ and gauche$^+$ - gauche$^−$ of which the last one is especially energetically unfavorable. In macromolecules such as polyethylene pentane interference occurs between every fifth carbon atom. The 1,3-diaxial interactions of cyclohexane derivatives is a special case of this type of interaction, although there are additional gauche interactions shared between substituents and the ring in that case. A clear example of the syn-pentane interaction is apparent in the diaxial versus diequatorial heats of formation of cis 1,3-dialkyl cyclohexanes. Relative to the diequatorial conformer, the diaxial conformer is 2-3 kcal/mol higher in energy than the value that would be expected based on gauche interactions alone. Pentane interference helps explain molecular geometries in many chemical compounds, product ratios, and purported transition states. One specific type of syn-pentane interaction is known as 1,3 allylic strain or (A$^{1,3}$ strain).
For instance in certain aldol adducts with 2,6-disubstituted aryl groups the molecular geometry has the vicinal hydrogen atoms in an antiperiplanar configuration both in a crystal lattice (X-ray diffraction) and in solution proton (NMR coupling constants) normally reserved for the most bulky groups i.d. both arenes:
The other contributing factor explaining this conformation is reduction in allylic strain by minimizing the dihedral angle between the arene double bond and the methine proton.
Syn-pentane interactions are responsible for the backbone-conformation dependence of protein side chain rotamer frequencies and their mean dihedral angles, which is evident from statistical analysis of protein side-chain rotamers in the Backbone-dependent rotamer library.
# Pentagestrone

Pentagestrone (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name), also known as 17α-hydroxyprogesterone 3-cyclopentyl enol ether, is a steroidal progestin of the 17α-hydroxyprogesterone group that was never marketed. An acetate ester, pentagestrone acetate (Gestovis, Gestovister), has been marketed for clinical use. Pentagestrone was described in the literature in 1960.
# People in Need (disambiguation)

People in Need is a Czech humanitarian organization.
People in Need may also refer to:
* People in Need, RTE telethon, which created The People in Need Trust, a charity in Ireland
* People in Need, charity created by the Hearst family in response to kidnapping; Sara Jane Moore
* People in Need (film), a 1925 German film
# Peperomia scutellariifolia

Peperomia scutellariifolia is a species of plant in the family Piperaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.
# Peperomia rubropunctulata

Peperomia rubropunctulata is a species of plant in the family Piperaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.
# Pelléas et Mélisande (Sibelius)

Pelléas et Mélisande (Pelléas och Mélisande), JS 147 is incidental music by Jean Sibelius for Maurice Maeterlinck's 1892 play Pelléas and Mélisande. Sibelius composed in 1905 ten parts, overtures to the five acts and five other movements. It was first performed at the Swedish Theatre in Helsinki on 17 March 1905 to a translation by Bertel Gripenberg, conducted by the composer.
Sibelius later slightly rearranged the music into a nine movement suite, published as Op. 46, which became one of his most popular concert works.

## Movements of the suite

The movements were derived from the following numbers:
* At the Castle Gate (Prelude from Act I, scene 1)
    The opening movement of the suite for orchestra is called "At the Castle Gate". The strings introduce an atmospheric, brief theme, which is then restated with help from the woodwind. This introduction is closed by austere chords. This section is familiar to British television viewers as the theme of the world's longest-running TV programme (1957–present), the BBC's The Sky at Night, first presented by Sir Patrick Moore (1923-2012) and presently by Chris Lintott and Maggie Aderin-Pocock.
* Mélisande (Prelude from Act I, scene 2)
    The character Mélisande is introduced with characteristically strong material presented by a cor anglais solo. This is succeeded by a brief intermezzo, "At the Seashore," which Sibelius regarded as dispensable in concert performances.
* At the Seashore (Melodrama from Act I, scene 4)
* A Spring in the Park (Prelude from Act II, scene 1)
    The strings present the dense sonorities of the melodic material of "A Spring in the Park".
* The Three Blind Sisters (Mélisande's Song from Act III, scene 2)
    In "Three Blind Sisters" another cor anglais solo is answered by monolithic orchestral harmonies.
* Pastorale (Melodrama from Act III, scene 4)
    The sixth movement, "Pastorale," is scored for woodwind and string instruments and exhibits the subtlety of chamber music.
* Mélisande at the Spinning Wheel (Prelude from Act III, scene 1)
    The seventh, "Mélisande at the Spinning Wheel," presents the largest and most dramatic image heard so far. This immense movement could serve as a symphonic finale in its own right but the pace of the drama demands an epilogue.
* Entr'acte (Prelude from Act IV, scene 1)
* The Death of Mélisande (Prelude from Act V, scene 2).
    With the moving "The Death of Mélisande," the tragic story of the doomed love affair reaches its conclusion.
Excluded from the suite is Prelude to Act IV, scene 2, as well as the vocal version of No. 5, Mélisande's Song. Sibelius later made a transcription of the suite for solo piano, excluding the 'At the Seashore' movement.

## Orchestration

The work is scored for flute (with piccolo), oboe (with English horn), two clarinets, two bassoons, two horns, timpani/triangle/bass drum, and strings.
# Pepita glass engraving

Pepita glass engraving (Spanish: grabado de pepita en vidrio) is a technique of engraving on glass used by artisans of Mexico, in which an aluminum oxide grinding stone or wheel is used in a grinding machine to manually carve out patterns of small, decorative pepita-like shapes in glass objects. Machine-made, molded glass products are also manufactured in a style that mimics the artisanal technique.

## History

According to studio glass craftsman José Cruz Guillén, the tradition first began in the Netherlands in the 15th century (most glass historians trace it to Venice instead, though the Netherlands were important later). It was then brought to Germany and Spain, and then to Mexico in 1524 when Rodrigo de Espinoza opened Mexico's first glass factory, in Puebla. De Espinoza brought a group of Spanish artisans to teach the natives, who began to blend their own pre-Hispanic designs with the introduced glass blowing techniques, evolving the style now recognized as pepita.
# Peperomia subdiscoidea

Peperomia subdiscoidea is a species of plant in the family Piperaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.