# Newmarket (UK Parliament constituency)

Newmarket is a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was created upon the splitting up of the three member Cambridgeshire constituency into three single member divisions in 1885. The seat was abolished in 1918.

## History

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 split the former three-member Cambridgeshire parliamentary county into three single-member divisions. One of these was the Eastern or Newmarket Division. The seat was named after the town of Newmarket, which is famous as a centre of horse racing. The seat also included the city of Ely which is the seat of a Bishop and the church interest, as well as the middle-class character of the area, contributed to Conservative political strength. The pro-Conservative alliance of the Church of England and the horse racing fraternity of the town of Newmarket was commented upon by Liberals at the time.
The seat as a whole was marginal between the Conservative and Liberal interests, as the Liberals had support in the villages. A suitable rich, horse race loving Liberal candidate could win the seat.
Upon its abolition under the Representation of the People Act 1918, the constituency was combined with the Chesterton (or West Cambridgeshire) division to create a new single member Cambridgeshire seat. Ely was combined with the Wisbech (or North Cambridgeshire) division to create a new Isle of Ely constituency. The two new seats corresponded to the administrative counties of Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely, which had been created in 1889.

## Boundaries

The contents of the division were defined as:
* The Sessional Divisions of Bottisham, Linton and Newmarket; and
* The Parishes of Ely College, Ely Holy Trinity and Ely St. Mary.
Newmarket lay at the centre of the constituency, although only part of the town (All Saints Parish) was within the parliamentary county of Cambridgeshire and formed part of this seat. The Local Government Act 1888 made the entirety of Newmarket urban sanitary district part of the administrative county of West Suffolk. However this did not affect the parliamentary boundaries until 1918. The small city of Ely was the only other urban area.
The rural parishes in the constituency were: Ashley, Babraham, Balsham, Bottisham, Brinkley, Burrough Green, Burwell, Castle Camps, Carlton, Cherry Hinton, Cheveley, Chippenham, Duxford, Fen Ditton, Fordham, Fulbourn, Great Abington, Great Wilbraham, Hildersham, Hinxton, Horningsea, Horseheath, Ickleton, Isleham, Kennett, Kirtling, Landwade, Linton, Little Abington, Little Wilbraham, Shudy Camps, Pampisford, Sawston, Snailwell, Soham, Stetchworth, Stow cum Quy, Swaffham Bulbeck, Swaffham Prior, Teversham, West Wickham, West Wratting, Westley Waterless, Weston Colville, Whittlesford, Wicken, Wood Ditton.

## Members of Parliament

| Year | Year | Member | Party |
| | 1885 | Sir George Newnes | Liberal |
| | 1895 | Harry McCalmont | Conservative |
| | 1903 | Charles Rose | Liberal |
| | 1910 | George Henry Verrall | Conservative |
| | 1910 | Sir Charles Rose | Liberal |
| | 1913 | John Denison-Pender | Unionist |
| 1918 | 1918 | constituency abolished | constituency abolished |

## Election results
### Elections in the 1880s

General election 1885: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | George Newnes | 3,931 | 57.0 | |
| | Conservative | Edward Hicks | 2,960 | 43.0 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 971 | 14.0 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,891 | 77.1 | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 8,936 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) | Liberal win (new seat) |
General election 1886: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | George Newnes | 3,405 | 50.0 | −7.0 |
| | Conservative | George Osborne | 3,105 | 45.6 | +2.6 |
| | Independent Liberal Unionist | William Henry Hall | 298 | 4.4 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 300 | 4.4 | −9.6 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,808 | 76.2 | −0.9 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 8,936 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | −4.8 | |

### Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | George Newnes | 4,391 | 58.1 | +8.1 |
| | Conservative | Henry Alexander Giffard | 3,168 | 41.9 | −3.7 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,223 | 16.2 | +11.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,559 | 80.5 | +4.3 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,391 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | +5.9 | |
General election 1895: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Harry McCalmont | 4,210 | 52.1 | +10.2 |
| | Liberal | George Newnes | 3,867 | 47.9 | −10.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 343 | 4.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,077 | 82.9 | +2.4 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,738 | | |
| | Conservative gain from Liberal | Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +10.2 | |

### Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Harry McCalmont | 4,295 | 57.2 | +5.1 |
| | Liberal | Charles Rose | 3,218 | 42.8 | −5.1 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,077 | 14.4 | +10.2 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,513 | 79.3 | −3.6 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,477 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | +5.1 | |
1903 Newmarket by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Rose | 4,414 | 53.0 | +10.2 |
| | Conservative | Henry Brassey | 3,907 | 47.0 | −10.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 507 | 6.0 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,321 | 86.2 | +6.9 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,650 | | |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +10.2 | |
General election 1906: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Rose | 4,666 | 54.6 | +11.8 |
| | Conservative | George Verrall | 3,883 | 45.4 | −11.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 783 | 9.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,549 | 86.1 | +6.8 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,934 | | |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +11.8 | |

### Elections in the 1910s

General election January 1910: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | George Verrall | 4,752 | 50.6 | +5.2 |
| | Liberal | Charles Rose | 4,632 | 49.4 | −5.2 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 120 | 1.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,384 | 90.5 | +4.4 |
| | Conservative gain from Liberal | Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +5.2 | |
General election December 1910: Newmarket :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Rose | 4,786 | 52.2 | +2.8 |
| | Conservative | George Verrall | 4,387 | 47.8 | −2.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 399 | 4.4 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,173 | 88.5 | −2.0 |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +2.8 | |
1913 Newmarket by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Unionist | John Denison-Pender | 5,251 | 54.4 | +6.6 |
| | Lib-Lab | George Nicholls | 4,400 | 45.6 | −6.6 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 851 | 8.8 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,651 | 89.9 | +1.4 |
| | Unionist gain from Liberal | Unionist gain from Liberal | Swing | +6.6 | |