# List of state leaders in 2023

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 2023.

## Africa

* Algeria
** President – Abdelmadjid Tebboune, President of Algeria (2019–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Aymen Benabderrahmane, Prime Minister of Algeria (2021–2023)
*** Nadir Larbaoui, Prime Minister of Algeria (2023–present)
* Angola
** President – João Lourenço, President of Angola (2017–present)
* Benin
** President – Patrice Talon, President of Benin (2016–present)
* Botswana
** President – Mokgweetsi Masisi, President of Botswana (2018–present)
* Burkina Faso
** Junta Leader – Ibrahim Traoré, President of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration (2022–present)
** President – Ibrahim Traoré, Interim President of Burkina Faso (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2022–present)
* Burundi
** President – Évariste Ndayishimiye, President of Burundi (2020–present)
** Prime Minister – Gervais Ndirakobuca, Prime Minister of Burundi (2022–present)
* Cameroon
** President – Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
** Prime Minister – Joseph Ngute, Prime Minister of Cameroon (2019–present)
* Cape Verde
** President – José Maria Neves, President of Cape Verde (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Ulisses Correia e Silva, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2016–present)
* Central African Republic
** President – Faustin-Archange Touadéra, President of the Central African Republic (2016–present)
** Prime Minister – Félix Moloua, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2022–present)
* Chad
** President – Mahamat Déby, Transitional President of Chad (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Saleh Kebzabo, Prime Minister of Chad (2022–2024)
* Comoros
** President – Azali Assoumani, President of the Comoros (2016–present)
* Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
** President – Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
** Prime Minister – Anatole Collinet Makosso, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (2021–present)
* Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
** President – Félix Tshisekedi, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Sama Lukonde, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2021–2024)
* Djibouti
** President – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
** Prime Minister – Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2013–present)
* Egypt
** President – Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, President of Egypt (2014–present)
** Prime Minister – Moustafa Madbouly, Prime Minister of Egypt (2018–present)
* Equatorial Guinea
** President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Francisco Pascual Obama Asue, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2016–2023)
*** Manuela Roka Botey, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2023–2024)
* Eritrea
** President – Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present)
* Eswatini
** Monarch – Mswati III, King of Eswatini (1986–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Cleopas Dlamini, Prime Minister of Eswatini (2021–2023)
*** Mgwagwa Gamedze, Prime Minister of Eswatini (2023)
*** Russell Dlamini, Prime Minister of Eswatini (2023–present)
* Ethiopia
** President – Sahle-Work Zewde, President of Ethiopia (2018–2024)
** Prime Minister – Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (2018–present)
* Gabon
** Junta Leader – Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, Chairman of the Committee for the Transition and Restoration of Institutions (2023–present)
** President –
*** Ali Bongo Ondimba, President of Gabon (2009–2023)
*** Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, Transitional President of Gabon (2023–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Rose Christiane Raponda, Prime Minister of Gabon (2020–2023)
*** Alain Claude Bilie By Nze, Prime Minister of Gabon (2023)
*** Raymond Ndong Sima, Prime Minister of Gabon (2023–present)
* The Gambia
** President – Adama Barrow, President of the Gambia (2017–present)
* Ghana
** President – Nana Akufo-Addo, President of Ghana (2017–present)
* Guinea
** Junta Leader – Mamady Doumbouya, Chairman of the National Committee of Reconciliation and Development (2021–present)
** President – Mamady Doumbouya, Interim President of Guinea (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Bernard Goumou, Interim Prime Minister of Guinea (2022–2024)
* Guinea-Bissau
** President – Umaro Sissoco Embaló, President of Guinea-Bissau (2020–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Nuno Gomes Nabiam, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2020–2023)
*** Geraldo Martins, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2023)
*** Rui Duarte de Barros, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2023–present)
* Ivory Coast
** President – Alassane Ouattara, President of the Ivory Coast (2010–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Patrick Achi, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2021–2023)
*** Robert Beugré Mambé, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2023–present)
* Kenya
** President – William Ruto, President of Kenya (2022–present)
* Lesotho
** Monarch – Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
** Prime Minister – Sam Matekane, Prime Minister of Lesotho (2022–present)
* Liberia
** President – George Weah, President of Liberia (2018–2024)
* Libya
** Government of National Unity
*** Head of State – Mohamed al-Menfi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Libya (2021–present)
*** Prime Minister – Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh, Prime Minister of Libya (2021–present)
** Government of National Stability (unrecognized, rival government)
*** Prime Minister –
**** Fathi Bashagha, Prime Minister of Libya (2022–2023)
**** Osama Hamada, Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2023–present)
* Madagascar
** President –
*** Andry Rajoelina, President of Madagascar (2019–2023)
*** Christian Ntsay, Acting President of Madagascar (2023)
*** Richard Ravalomanana, Acting President of Madagascar (2023)
*** Andry Rajoelina, President of Madagascar (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Christian Ntsay, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2018–present)
* Malawi
** President – Lazarus Chakwera, President of Malawi (2020–present)
* Mali
** President – Assimi Goïta, Interim President of Mali (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Dr. Choguel Kokalla Maïga, Prime Minister of Mali (2021–present)
* Mauritania
** President – Mohamed Ould Ghazouani, President of Mauritania (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Mohamed Ould Bilal, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2020–2024)
* Mauritius
** President – Pritvirajsing Roopun, President of Mauritius (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Pravind Jugnauth, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2017–present)
* Morocco
** Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
** Prime Minister – Aziz Akhannouch, Head of Government of Morocco (2021–present)
* Mozambique
** President – Filipe Nyusi, President of Mozambique (2015–present)
** Prime Minister – Adriano Maleiane, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2022–present)
* Namibia
** President – Hage Geingob, President of Namibia (2015–2024)
** Prime Minister – Saara Kuugongelwa, Prime Minister of Namibia (2015–present)
* Niger
** President –
*** Mohamed Bazoum, President of Niger (2021–2023)
*** Abdourahamane Tchiani, President of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland (2023–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou, Prime Minister of Niger (2021–2023)
*** Ali Lamine Zeine, Prime Minister of Niger (2023–present)
* Nigeria
** President –
*** Muhammadu Buhari, President of Nigeria (2015–2023)
*** Bola Tinubu, President of Nigeria (2023–present)
* Rwanda
** President – Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
** Prime Minister – Édouard Ngirente, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2017–present)
* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (self-declared, partially recognised state)
** President – Brahim Ghali, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (2016–present)
** Prime Minister – Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (2020–present)
* São Tomé and Príncipe
** President – Carlos Vila Nova, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Patrice Trovoada, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2022–present)
* Senegal
** President – Macky Sall, President of Senegal (2012–2024)
** Prime Minister – Amadou Ba, Prime Minister of Senegal (2022–2024)
* Seychelles
** President – Wavel Ramkalawan, President of Seychelles (2020–present)
* Sierra Leone
** President – Julius Maada Bio, President of Sierra Leone (2018–present)
** Chief Minister –
*** Jacob Jusu Saffa, Chief Minister of Sierra Leone (2021–2023)
*** David Moinina Sengeh, Chief Minister of Sierra Leone (2023–present)
* Somalia
** President – Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, President of Somalia (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Hamza Abdi Barre, Prime Minister of Somalia (2022–present)
* Somaliland (unrecognized, secessionist state)
** President – Muse Bihi Abdi, President of Somaliland (2017–present)
* South Africa
** President – Cyril Ramaphosa, President of South Africa (2018–present)
* South Sudan
** President – Salva Kiir Mayardit, President of South Sudan (2011–present)
* Sudan
** President – Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Osman Hussein, Acting Prime Minister of Sudan (2022–present)
* Tanzania
** President – Samia Suluhu, President of Tanzania (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Kassim Majaliwa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2015–present)
* Togo
** President – Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
** Prime Minister – Victoire Tomegah Dogbé, Prime Minister of Togo (2020–present)
* Tunisia
** President – Kais Saied, President of Tunisia (2019–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Najla Bouden, Prime Minister of Tunisia (2021–2023)
*** Ahmed Hachani, Prime Minister of Tunisia (2023–2024)
* Uganda
** President – Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
** Prime Minister – Robinah Nabbanja, Prime Minister of Uganda (2021–present)
* Zambia
** President – Hakainde Hichilema, President of Zambia (2021–present)
* Zimbabwe
** President – Emmerson Mnangagwa, President of Zimbabwe (2017–present)

## Asia

* Afghanistan
** Supreme Leader – Hibatullah Akhundzada, Supreme Leader of Afghanistan (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Hasan Akhund, Acting Prime Minister of Afghanistan (2021–present)
* Bahrain
** Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
** Prime Minister – Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (2020–present)
* Bangladesh
** President –
*** Mohammad Abdul Hamid, President of Bangladesh (2013–2023)
*** Mohammed Shahabuddin, President of Bangladesh (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2009–2024)
* Bhutan
** Monarch – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (2006–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Lotay Tshering, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2018–2023)
*** Chogyal Dago Rigdzin, Chief Advisor of Bhutan (2023–2024)
* Brunei
** Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
** Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
* Cambodia
** Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–2023)
*** Hun Manet, Prime Minister of Cambodia (2023–present)
* China (People's Republic of China)
** Communist Party Leader – Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (2012–present)
** President – Xi Jinping, President of China (2013–present)
** Premier –
*** Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of China (2013–2023)
*** Li Qiang, Premier of the State Council of China (2023–present)
* East Timor
** President – José Ramos-Horta, President of East Timor (2022–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Taur Matan Ruak, Prime Minister of East Timor (2018–2023)
*** Xanana Gusmão, Prime Minister of East Timor (2023–present)
* India
** President – Droupadi Murmu, President of India (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India (2014–present)
* Indonesia
** President – Joko Widodo, President of Indonesia (2014–present)
* Iran
** Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
** President – Ebrahim Raisi, President of Iran (2021–2024)
* Iraq
** President – Abdul Latif Rashid, President of Iraq (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani, Prime Minister of Iraq (2022–present)
* Israel
** President – Isaac Herzog, President of Israel (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel (2022–present)
* Japan
** Monarch – Naruhito, Emperor of Japan (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister of Japan (2021–2024)
* Jordan
** Monarch – Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
** Prime Minister – Bisher Al-Khasawneh, Prime Minister of Jordan (2020–2024)
* Kazakhstan
** President – Kassym-Dzomart Tokayev, President of Kazakhstan (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Älihan Smaiylov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2022–2024)
* North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
** Communist Party Leader – Kim Jong Un, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (2012–present)
** De facto Head of State – Kim Jong Un, Chairman of the State Affairs Commission of North Korea  (2011–present)
** De jure Head of State – Choe Ryong-hae, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (2019–present)
** Premier – Kim Tok-hun, Premier of the Cabinet of North Korea (2020–present)
* South Korea (Republic of Korea)
** President – Yoon Suk-yeol, President of South Korea (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Han Duck-soo, Prime Minister of South Korea (2022–present)
* Kuwait
** Monarch –
*** Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2020–2023)
*** Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2022–2024)
* Kyrgyzstan
** President – Sadyr Dzaparov, President of Kyrgyzstan (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Akylbek Dzaparov, Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan (2021–present)
* Laos
** Communist Party Leader – Thongloun Sisoulith, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (2021–present)
** President – Thongloun Sisoulith, President of Laos (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Sonexay Siphandone, Prime Minister of Laos (2022–present)
* Lebanon
** President – Vacant, (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Najib Mikati, President of the Council of Ministers (2021–present)
* Malaysia
** Monarch – Abdullah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Anwar Ibrahim, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2022–present)
* Maldives
** President –
*** Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, President of the Maldives (2018–2023)
*** Mohamed Muizzu, President of the Maldives (2023–present)
* Mongolia
** President – Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, President of Mongolia (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2021–present)
* Myanmar
** State Administration Council
*** President – Myint Swe, Acting President of Myanmar (2021–2024)
*** Junta Leader – Min Aung Hlaing, Chairman of the State Administration Council (2021–present)
*** Prime Minister – Min Aung Hlaing, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2021–present)
** National Unity Government (unrecognized, rival government)
*** President – Duwa Lashi La, Acting President of the National Unity Government (2021–present)
*** Prime Minister – Mahn Win Khaing Than, Prime Minister of the National Unity Government (2021–present)
* Nepal
** President –
*** Bidya Devi Bhandari, President of Nepal (2015–2023)
*** Ram Chandra Poudel, President of Nepal (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Pushpa Kamal Dahal, Prime Minister of Nepal (2022–2024)
* Oman
** Monarch – Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, Sultan of Oman (2020–present)
** Prime Minister – Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (2020–present)
* Pakistan
** President – Arif Alvi, President of Pakistan (2018–2024)
** Prime Minister –
*** Shehbaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2022–2023)
*** Anwaar ul Haq Kakar, Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan (2023–2024)
* Palestine
** Palestinian National Authority
*** President – Mahmoud Abbas, President of Palestine (2005–present)
*** Prime Minister – Mohammad Shtayyeh, Prime Minister of Palestine (2019–2024)
** Hamas government in Gaza (unrecognized, rival government)
*** Party Leader – Ismail Haniyeh, Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau (2017–present)
*** President – Aziz Dweik, Interim President of the Palestinian National Authority (2016–present)
*** Prime Minister – Issam al-Da’alis, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2021–present)
* Philippines
** President – Bongbong Marcos, President of the Philippines (2022–present)
* Qatar
** Monarch – Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (2013–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Sheikh Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (2020–2023)
*** Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (2023–present)
* Saudi Arabia
** Monarch – Salman, King of Saudi Arabia (2015–present)
** Prime Minister – Mohammed bin Salman, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2022–present)
* Singapore
** President –
*** Halimah Yacob, President of Singapore (2017–2023)
*** Tharman Shanmugaratnam, President of Singapore (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–2024)
* Sri Lanka
** President – Ranil Wickremesinghe, President of Sri Lanka (2022–2024)
** Prime Minister – Dinesh Gunawardena, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2022–2024)
* Syria
** Syrian Arab Republic
*** President – Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
*** Prime Minister – Hussein Arnous, Prime Minister of Syria (2020–present)
** Syrian opposition
*** Syrian National Coalition (partially recognised, rival government)
**** President –
***** Salem al-Meslet, President of the Syrian National Coalition (2021–2023)
***** Hadi al-Bahra, President of the Syrian National Coalition (2023–present)
**** Prime Minister – Abdurrahman Mustafa, Prime Minister of the Syrian National Coalition (2019–present)
*** Syrian Salvation Government (unrecognized, rival government)
**** Militant Leader – Abu Mohammad al-Julani, Commander-in-Chief of Tahrir al-Sham (2017–present)
**** President – Mustafa al-Mousa, President of the General Shura Council (2020–present)
**** Prime Minister – Ali Keda, Prime Minister of the Syrian Salvation Government (2019–present)
* Taiwan (Republic of China)
** President – Tsai Ing-wen, President of Taiwan (2016–2024)
** Premier –
*** Su Tseng-chang, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2019–2023)
*** Chen Chien-jen, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2023–2024)
* Tajikistan
** President – Emomali Rahmon, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
** Prime Minister – Kokhir Rasulzoda, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (2013–present)
* Thailand
** Monarch – Vajiralongkorn, King of Thailand (2016–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Prayut Chan-o-cha, Prime Minister of Thailand (2014–2023)
*** Srettha Thavisin, Prime Minister of Thailand (2023–2024)
* Turkey
** President – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, President of Turkey (2014–present)
* Turkmenistan
** National Leader – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan (2023–present)
** President – Serdar Berdimuhamedow, President of Turkmenistan (2022–present)
* United Arab Emirates
** President – Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)
* Uzbekistan
** President – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of Uzbekistan (2016–present)
** Prime Minister – Abdulla Aripov, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2016–present)
* Vietnam
** Communist Party Leader – Nguyễn Phú Trọng, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2011–present)
** President –
*** Nguyễn Xuân Phúc, President of Vietnam (2021–2023)
*** Võ Thị Ánh Xuân, Acting President of Vietnam (2023)
*** Võ Văn Thưởng, President of Vietnam (2023–2024)
** Prime Minister – Phạm Minh Chính, Prime Minister of Vietnam (2021–present)
* Yemen
** Presidential Leadership Council
*** President – Rashad al-Alimi, Chairman of the Presidential Leadership Council of Yemen (2022–present)
*** Prime Minister – Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed, Prime Minister of Yemen (2018–2024)
** Supreme Political Council (partially-recognized, rival government)
*** Militant Leader – Abdul-Malik al-Houthi, Leader of Ansar Allah (2015–present)
*** President – Mahdi al-Mashat, Chairman of the Supreme Political Council of Yemen (2018–present)
*** Prime Minister – Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour, Prime Minister of Yemen (2016–present)

## Europe

* Abkhazia (partially recognised, secessionist state)
** President – Aslan Bzhania, President of Abkhazia (2020–present)
** Prime Minister – Aleksander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2020–present)
* Albania
** President – Bajram Begaj, President of Albania (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Edi Rama, Prime Minister of Albania (2013–present)
* Andorra
** Monarchs –
*** French Co-Prince – Emmanuel Macron, French Co-prince of Andorra (2017–present)
**** Co-Prince's Representative – Patrick Strzoda (2017–present)
*** Episcopal Co-Prince – Archbishop Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
**** Co-Prince's Representative – Josep Maria Mauri (2012–present)
** Prime Minister – Xavier Espot Zamora, Head of Government of Andorra (2019–present)
* Armenia
** President – Vahagn Khachaturyan, President of Armenia (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Nikol Pashinyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2018–present)
* Artsakh (unrecognised, secessionist state)
** President –
*** Arayik Harutyunyan, President of Artsakh (2020–2023)
*** Samvel Shahramanyan, President of Artsakh (2023)
* Austria
** President – Alexander Van der Bellen, Federal President of Austria (2017–present)
** Chancellor – Karl Nehammer, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2021–present)
* Azerbaijan
** President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
** Prime Minister – Ali Asadov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2019–present)
* Belarus
** Republic of Belarus
*** President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
*** Prime Minister – Roman Golovchenko, Prime Minister of Belarus (2020–present)
** Coordination Council for the Transfer of Power (partially-recognized, exile government)
*** President – Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, President of the Coordination Council (2020–present)
*** Prime Minister – Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, Head of the United Transitional Cabinet (2022–present)
* Belgium
** Monarch – Philippe, King of the Belgians (2013–present)
** Prime Minister – Alexander De Croo, Prime Minister of Belgium (2020–present)
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
** Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
*** Bosniak Member – Denis Bećirović (2022–present)
*** Croat Member – Željko Komšić (2018–present: Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2023–present)
*** Serb Member – Željka Cvijanović (2022–present: Chairwoman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2022–2023)
** Prime Minister –
*** Zoran Tegeltija, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2019–2023)
*** Borjana Krišto, Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2023–present)
** High Representative – Christian Schmidt, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2021–present)
* Bulgaria
** President – Rumen Radev, President of Bulgaria (2017–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Galab Donev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2022–2023)
*** Nikolai Denkov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2023–2024)
* Croatia
** President – Zoran Milanović, President of Croatia (2020–present)
** Prime Minister – Andrej Plenković, Prime Minister of Croatia (2016–present)
* Cyprus
** President –
*** Nicos Anastasiades, President of Cyprus (2013–2023)
*** Nikos Christodoulides, President of Cyprus (2023–present)
* Czech Republic
** President –
*** Miloš Zeman, President of the Czech Republic (2013–2023)
*** Petr Pavel, President of the Czech Republic (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Petr Fiala, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2021–present)
* Denmark
** Monarch – Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–2024)
** Prime Minister – Mette Frederiksen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2019–present)
* Estonia
** President – Alar Karis, President of Estonia (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Kaja Kallas, Prime Minister of Estonia (2021–2024)
* Finland
** President – Sauli Niinistö, President of Finland (2012–2024)
** Prime Minister –
*** Sanna Marin, Prime Minister of Finland (2019–2023)
*** Petteri Orpo, Prime Minister of Finland (2023–present)
* France
** President – Emmanuel Macron, President of France (2017–present)
** Prime Minister – Élisabeth Borne, Prime Minister of France (2022–2024)
* Georgia
** President – Salome Zurabishvili, President of Georgia (2018–present)
** Prime Minister – Irakli Garibashvili, Prime Minister of Georgia (2021–2024)
* Germany
** President – Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Federal President of Germany (2017–present)
** Chancellor – Olaf Scholz, Federal Chancellor of Germany (2021–present)
* Greece
** President – Katerina Sakellaropoulou, President of Greece (2020–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece (2019–2023)
*** Ioannis Sarmas, Prime Minister of Greece (2023)
*** Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece (2023–present)
* Hungary
** President – Katalin Novák, President of Hungary (2022–2024)
** Prime Minister – Viktor Orbán, Prime Minister of Hungary (2010–present)
* Iceland
** President – Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, President of Iceland (2016–2024)
** Prime Minister – Katrín Jakobsdóttir, Prime Minister of Iceland (2017–2024)
* Ireland
** President – Michael D. Higgins, President of Ireland (2011–present)
** Prime Minister – Leo Varadkar, Taoiseach of Ireland (2022–2024)
* Italy
** President – Sergio Mattarella, President of Italy (2015–present)
** Prime Minister – Giorgia Meloni, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2022–present)
* Kosovo (partially recognised, secessionist state; under nominal international administration)
** President – Vjosa Osmani, President of Kosovo (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Albin Kurti, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2021–present)
** UN Special Representative – Zahir Tanin, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Kosovo (2015–present)
* Latvia
** President –
*** Egils Levits, President of Latvia (2019–2023)
*** Edgars Rinkēvičs, President of Latvia (2023–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Krišjānis Kariņš, Prime Minister of Latvia (2019–2023)
*** Evika Siliņa, Prime Minister of Latvia (2023–present)
* Liechtenstein
** Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
** Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
** Prime Minister – Daniel Risch, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2021–present)
* Lithuania
** President – Gitanas Nausėda, President of Lithuania (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Ingrida Šimonytė, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2020–present)
* Luxembourg
** Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Xavier Bettel, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (2013–2023)
*** Luc Frieden, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (2023–present)
* Malta
** President – George Vella, President of Malta (2019–2024)
** Prime Minister – Robert Abela, Prime Minister of Malta (2020–present)
* Moldova
** President – Maia Sandu, President of Moldova (2020–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Natalia Gavrilița, Prime Minister of Moldova (2021–2023)
*** Dorin Recean, Prime Minister of Moldova (2023–present)
* Monaco
** Monarch – Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
** Prime Minister – Pierre Dartout, Minister of State of Monaco (2020–2024)
* Montenegro
** President –
*** Milo Đukanović, President of Montenegro (2018–2023)
*** Jakov Milatović, President of Montenegro (2023–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Dritan Abazović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2022–2023)
*** Milojko Spajić, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2023–present)
* Netherlands
** Monarch – Willem-Alexander, King of the Netherlands (2013–present)
** Prime Minister – Mark Rutte, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2010–2024)
* North Macedonia
** President – Stevo Pendarovski, President of North Macedonia (2019–2024)
** Prime Minister – Dimitar Kovačevski, President of the Government of North Macedonia (2022–2024)
* Northern Cyprus (unrecognised, secessionist state)
** President – Ersin Tatar, President of Northern Cyprus (2020–present)
** Prime Minister – Ünal Üstel, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2022–present)
* Norway
** Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
** Prime Minister – Jonas Gahr Støre, Prime Minister of Norway (2021–present)
* Poland
** President – Andrzej Duda, President of Poland (2015–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Mateusz Morawiecki, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2017–2023)
*** Donald Tusk, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2023–present)
* Portugal
** President – Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, President of Portugal (2016–present)
** Prime Minister – António Costa, Prime Minister of Portugal (2015–2024)
* Romania
** President – Klaus Iohannis, President of Romania (2014–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Nicolae Ciucă, Prime Minister of Romania (2021–2023)
*** Cătălin Predoiu, Acting Prime Minister of Romania (2023)
*** Marcel Ciolacu, Prime Minister of Romania (2023–present)
* Russia
** President – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (2012–present)
** Prime Minister – Mikhail Mishustin, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2020–present)
* San Marino
** Captains-Regent –
*** Maria Luisa Berti and Manuel Ciavatta, Captains Regent of San Marino (2022–2023)
*** Alessandro Scarano and Adele Tonnini, Captains Regent of San Marino (2023)
*** Filippo Tamagnini and Gaetano Troina, Captains Regent of San Marino (2023–2024)
* Serbia
** President – Aleksandar Vučić, President of Serbia (2017–present)
** Prime Minister – Ana Brnabić, Prime Minister of Serbia (2017–2024)
* Slovakia
** President – Zuzana Čaputová, President of Slovakia (2019–2024)
** Prime Minister –
*** Eduard Heger, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2021–2023)
*** Ľudovít Ódor, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2023)
*** Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2023–present)
* Slovenia
** President – Nataša Pirc Musar, President of Slovenia (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Robert Golob, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2022–present)
* South Ossetia (partially recognised, secessionist state)
** President – Alan Gagloev, President of South Ossetia (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Konstantin Dzhussoev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2022–present)
* Spain
** Monarch – Felipe VI, King of Spain (2014–present)
** Prime Minister – Pedro Sánchez, President of the Government of Spain (2018–present)
* Sweden
** Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
** Prime Minister – Ulf Kristersson, Prime Minister of Sweden (2022–present)
* Switzerland
** Council – Federal Council of Switzerland
*** Members – Alain Berset (2012–2023; President of Switzerland, 2023), Guy Parmelin (2016–present), Ignazio Cassis (2017–present), Karin Keller-Sutter (2019–present) Viola Amherd (2019–present), Élisabeth Baume-Schneider (2023–present) and Albert Rösti (2023–present)
* Transnistria (unrecognized, secessionist state)
** President – Vadim Krasnoselsky, President of Transnistria (2016–present)
** Prime Minister – Aleksandr Rozenberg, Prime Minister of Transnistria (2022–present)
* Ukraine
** President – Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Denys Shmyhal, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2020–present)
* United Kingdom
** Monarch – Charles III, King of the United Kingdom (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Rishi Sunak, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2022–2024)
* Vatican City
** Monarch – Pope Francis, Sovereign of Vatican City (2013–present)
** Head of Government – Cardinal Fernando Vérgez Alzaga, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (2021–present)
** Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
*** Secretary of State – Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Cardinal Secretary of State (2013–present)

## North America

* Antigua and Barbuda
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Antigua and Barbuda (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Sir Rodney Williams, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (2014–present)
** Prime Minister – Gaston Browne, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2014–present)
* The Bahamas
** Monarch – Charles III, King of the Bahamas (2022–present)
** Governor-General –
*** Sir Cornelius A. Smith, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2019–2023)
*** Cynthia A. Pratt, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Philip Davis, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2021–present)
* Barbados
** President – Dame Sandra Mason, President of Barbados (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Mia Mottley, Prime Minister of Barbados (2018–present)
* Belize
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Belize (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Dame Froyla Tzalam, Governor-General of Belize (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Johnny Briceño, Prime Minister of Belize (2020–present)
* Canada
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Canada (2022–present)
** Governor General – Mary Simon, Governor General of Canada (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada (2015–present)
* Costa Rica
** President – Rodrigo Chaves Robles, President of Costa Rica (2022–present)
* Cuba
** Communist Party Leader – Miguel Díaz-Canel, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (2021–present)
** President – Miguel Díaz-Canel, President of Cuba (2018–present)
** Prime Minister – Manuel Marrero Cruz, Prime Minister (2019–present)
* Dominica
** President –
*** Charles Savarin, President of Dominica (2013–2023)
*** Sylvanie Burton, President of Dominica (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
* Dominican Republic
** President – Luis Abinader, President of the Dominican Republic (2020–present)
* El Salvador
** President – Nayib Bukele, President of El Salvador (2019–present)
*** Claudia Rodríguez de Guevara, Acting President of El Salvador (2023–2024)
* Grenada
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Grenada (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Dame Cécile La Grenade, Governor-General of Grenada (2013–present)
** Prime Minister – Dickon Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (2022–present)
* Guatemala
** President – Alejandro Giammattei, President of Guatemala (2020–2024)
* Haiti
** President – Ariel Henry, Acting President of Haiti (2021–2024)
** Prime Minister – Ariel Henry, Acting Prime Minister of Haiti (2021–2024)
* Honduras
** President – Xiomara Castro, President of Honduras (2022–present)
* Jamaica
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Jamaica (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Sir Patrick Allen, Governor-General of Jamaica (2009–present)
** Prime Minister – Andrew Holness, Prime Minister of Jamaica (2016–present)
* Mexico
** President – Andrés Manuel López Obrador, President of Mexico (2018–2024)
* Nicaragua
** President – Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua (2007–present)
* Panama
** President – Laurentino Cortizo, President of Panama (2019–2024)
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2022–present)
** Governor-General –
*** Sir Tapley Seaton, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2015–2023)
*** Dame Marcella Liburd, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Terrance Drew, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2022–present)
* Saint Lucia
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Saint Lucia (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Errol Charles, Acting Governor-General of Saint Lucia (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Philip Pierre, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (2021–present)
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Dame Susan Dougan, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2019–present)
** Prime Minister – Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2001–present)
* Trinidad and Tobago
** President –
*** Paula-Mae Weekes, President of Trinidad and Tobago (2018–2023)
*** Christine Kangaloo, President of Trinidad and Tobago (2023–present)
** Prime Minister – Keith Rowley, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (2015–present)
* United States
** President – Joe Biden, President of the United States (2021–present)

## Oceania

* Australia
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Australia (2022–present)
** Governor-General – David Hurley, Governor-General of Australia (2019–2024)
** Prime Minister – Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister of Australia (2022–present)
* Fiji
** President – Ratu Wiliame Katonivere, President of Fiji (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Sitiveni Rabuka, Prime Minister of Fiji (2022–present)
* Kiribati
** President – Taneti Mamau, President of Kiribati (2016–present)
* Marshall Islands
** President – David Kabua, President of the Marshall Islands (2020–2024)
* Micronesia
** President –
*** David Panuelo, President of Micronesia (2019–2023)
*** Wesley Simina, President of Micronesia (2023–present)
* Nauru
** President –
*** Russ Kun, President of Nauru (2022–2023)
*** David Adeang, President of Nauru (2023–present)
* New Zealand
** Monarch – Charles III, King of New Zealand (2022–present)
** Governor General – Dame Cindy Kiro, Governor-General of New Zealand (2021–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Jacinda Ardern, Prime Minister of New Zealand (2017–2023)
*** Chris Hipkins, Prime Minister of New Zealand (2023)
*** Christopher Luxon, Prime Minister of New Zealand (2023–present)
* Palau
** President – Surangel Whipps Jr., President of Palau (2021–present)
* Papua New Guinea
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Papua New Guinea (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Sir Bob Dadae, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2017–present)
** Prime Minister – James Marape, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2019–present)
* Samoa
** Head of State – Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa (2017–present)
** Prime Minister – Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa, Prime Minister of Samoa (2021–present)
* Solomon Islands
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Solomon Islands (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Sir David Vunagi, Governor-General of Solomon Islands (2019–2024)
** Prime Minister – Manasseh Sogavare, Prime Minister of Solomon Islands (2019–2024)
* Tonga
** Monarch – Tupou VI, King of Tonga (2012–present)
** Prime Minister – Siaosi Sovaleni, Prime Minister of Tonga (2021–present)
* Tuvalu
** Monarch – Charles III, King of Tuvalu (2022–present)
** Governor-General – Sir Tofiga Vaevalu Falani, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2021–present)
** Prime Minister – Kausea Natano, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2019–2024)
* Vanuatu
** President – Nikenike Vurobaravu, President of Vanuatu (2022–present)
** Prime Minister –
*** Ishmael Kalsakau, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2022–2023)
*** Sato Kilman, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2023)
*** Charlot Salwai, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2023–present)

## South America

* Argentina
** President –
*** Alberto Fernández, President of Argentina (2019–2023)
*** Javier Milei, President of Argentina (2023–present)
* Bolivia
** President – Luis Arce, President of Bolivia (2020–present)
* Brazil
** President – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil (2023–present)
* Chile
** President – Gabriel Boric, President of Chile (2022–present)
* Colombia
** President – Gustavo Petro, President of Colombia (2022–present)
* Ecuador
** President –
*** Guillermo Lasso, President of Ecuador (2021–2023)
*** Daniel Noboa, President of Ecuador (2023–present)
* Guyana
** President – Irfaan Ali, President of Guyana (2020–present)
** Prime Minister – Mark Phillips, Prime Minister of Guyana (2020–present)
* Paraguay
** President –
*** Mario Abdo Benítez, President of Paraguay (2018–2023)
*** Santiago Peña, President of Paraguay (2023–present)
* Peru
** President – Dina Boluarte, President of Peru (2022–present)
** Prime Minister – Alberto Otárola, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2022–2024)
* Suriname
** President – Chan Santokhi, President of Suriname (2020–present)
* Uruguay
** President – Luis Lacalle Pou, President of Uruguay (2020–present)
* Venezuela
** Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
*** President – Nicolás Maduro, President of Venezuela (2013–present)
** 2015 National Assembly (partially recognised, exile government)
*** President –
**** Juan Guaidó, President of the National Assembly (2019–2023)
**** Dinorah Figuera, President of the National Assembly (2023–present)