OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# High-explosive incendiary

In warfare, high-explosive incendiary (HEI) is a type of ammunition specially designed to impart energy and therefore damage to its target in one or both of two ways: via a high-explosive charge and/or via its incendiary (fire-causing) effects. Each round has both capabilities.
HEI ammunition is fused either mechanically or chemically. The armor-piercing ability can vary widely, allowing for more focused fragmentation or larger scatter.

## History

HEI ammunition was originally developed for use in large-caliber cannon, howitzer and naval artillery. Currently, HEI rounds are most commonly made in medium-caliber sizes of 20, 25, and 30 mm. They are fired from various platforms, including aircraft, anti-aircraft cannons, and anti-missile systems, as well as common battlefield howitzers, though the latter has gone through a recent decline in use.
HEI ammunition has also been used on the battlefield against tanks and other armoured vehicles, but this has become impractical due to the invention of modern armour systems such as Chobham and reactive armour, which can absorb most high-explosive rounds currently used.
Recently, API (armour-piercing incendiary) shells have been used; these penetrate targets using the kinetic properties of the round before the incendiary round goes off, smothering the crew in flames, cooking off ammunition and igniting combustible materials, generally destroying the target.

## Uses

The shells were first employed in naval batteries, but soon found their way to land-based howitzers as well. They caused fires, which on ships can be difficult to extinguish in the tight spaces. Also, fired at tanks and soft targets, they can cause fires that completely engulf the vehicle, killing anyone inside.
Occasionally, HEIs were used against tanks (heavily armoured) and also lightly armoured vehicles, but, since the invention of modern battle armour, such as Chobham and reactive armour, these shells have become less and less practical for anti-tank work and more useful for destroying "soft" targets such as air bases, trenches, or bunkers, in which they can create fires of over 1000 degrees Celsius. Incendiary shells are no longer in use by many countries due to bans on the use of phosphorus weapons.
Armour-piercing shot and shell penetrate the target using kinetic energy before the incendiary charge ignites, smothering the crew in flames, detonating ammunition, and destroying the target.
# St John's Church, Threapwood

St John's Church is in the village of Threapwood, Cheshire, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester, and the deanery of Malpas. Its benefice is combined with those of St Oswald, Malpas and Holy Trinity, Bickerton. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. The authors of the Buildings of England series state that it is entirely Georgian in style.

## History

The church was built in 1815 as an extra-parochial chapel. The parish of St John's was established in 1817.

## Architecture

St John's is a rectangular church in Georgian style. It is constructed in brick, and has a slate roof. At the west end is an open octagonal cupola. There are pedimented doorways at the west end, and in the middle of the south side.
Inside the church are galleries on three sides, with the north and south galleries curving round to the west gallery. They are carried on iron columns with an iron parapet. The two chandeliers are in brass and are dated 1817. The altar rails are in iron, and are on three sides of the altar. On the two sides of the altar are box pews with brass name plates for the patrons, the Broughton and Kenyon families. The panelled timber reredos is in three parts, bearing the Lord's Prayer and the creed to the left and the right and an extract from Exodus in a divided central panel.

## External features

The gatepiers, gates, wall, piers and railings to the church are listed at Grade II. The churchyard contains the war grave of a South Wales Borderers soldier of World War I.
# St John's Church, Stretton

St John's Church, Stretton is the Church of England parish church of Stretton, South Staffordshire.

## History

The chancel is 12th century. The nave and transepts were rebuilt in 1860 to designs by the architect Edward Banks. The church is a Grade II* listed building.

## Team ministry

The parish is part of the Penkridge Team which includes the following churches:
* St James’ church, Acton Trussell
* All Saints’ church, Bednall
* St Lawrence's church, Coppenhall
* St Leonard's church, Dunston
* St Michael's church, Penkridge
* Levedale Mission, Penkridge
* St Modena's church, Pillaton
# St Crispin's Hospital

St Crispin's Hospital was a large psychiatric facility on the outskirts of Duston village in Northampton, Northamptonshire, England. It was established Northampton Mental Hospital in 1876 and closed in 1995. The site has since been redeveloped for residential use with a small mental health unit still remaining there.

## History

Work started on the hospital in 1873. It was designed by Robert Griffiths using a corridor layout and opened as the Northampton Mental Hospital in 1876. Additional blocks for children with mental health difficulties and for epileptics were completed in 1887. It served as a military hospital during the First World War and after the war it became Northampton Mental Hospital. It had joined the National Health Service in 1948 and two female patient villas were completed in 1954.
The hospital was used as a filming location in the 1977 series of Doctor Who, in a six-part story called The Talons of Weng-Chiang. The mortuary was used to represent a Victorian operating theatre.
Following the introduction of Care in the Community in the early 1980s the hospital went into a period of decline and closed in 1995. The children's block and the superintendents' house were developed by Taylor Wimpey for residential use between 2005 and 2008 and a small area was applied for the construction of Berrywood Hospital, a modern mental health facility.
In August 2014, over 80 Firefighters responded to an emergency call as a large fire broke out. One of the buildings was also seriously damaged in March 2015 after it was set on fire by arsonists.

## Gallery

* The Main Hall held up with scaffolding after a major fire
* The Main Hall and Clock Tower
* The ward blocks have been stripped of most of their original features
# Kellett Autogiro Corporation

The Kellett Autogiro Corporation was an American aircraft manufacturer from 1929 based in Philadelphia, named after founder W. Wallace Kellett.

## History

The Kellett Aircraft was formed by W. Wallace Kellett and C. Townsend Ludington and their brothers, Rodney Kellett and Nicholas Ludington. In 1931, Kellett Autogiro licensed, from the Autogiro Company of America, Juan de la Cierva's and Harold Pitcairn's patents for rotary-wing aircraft. The first three designed were all typical Cierva designs and the more advanced KD-1 was similar to the contemporary Cierva C.30. The KD-1/G-1 was the first practical rotary-wing aircraft used by the United States Army. The company stopped building autogyros in the late 1940s and switched to the design of helicopters. In the 1950s it built some ultra-light helicopters the RH-1 to test some rotor features and its last design the K-25 was an experimental convertiplane using tilt-rotors.

## Aircraft

| Model name | First flight | Number built | Type |
| Kellett K-2 | 1931 | 12 | Utility autogyro |
| Kellett K-3 | | 4-6 | Re-engined version of K-2 |
| Kellett K-4 | | 1 | Re-engined version of K-2 |
| Kellett KD-1 | 1934 | | Utility autogyro |
| Kellett XR-8 | 1944 | 2 | Single engine intermeshing rotor prototype military helicopter |
| Kellett XR-10 | 1947 | 2 | Twin engine intermeshing rotor prototype military helicopter |
| Kellett KH-15 | 1954 | | Flying platform |
| Kellett K-25 | | | Twin engine convertiplane |
# Keith Ramsay

Keith Ramsay (4 March 1844 – 3 May 1906) was mayor of Dunedin from 1874 to 1875.
Ramsay was born in the manse of Alyth in Perthshire in 1844. His father, William Ramsay, was a parish minister. He received his education at Blairgowrie. After entering in business in Dundee, left for New Zealand, sailing to Port Chalmers on the Jura in 1862. Ramsay became a ship owner, with the coasting steamers Invercargill and Rimu to his name, and was involved in a variety of Dunedin businesses. He was elected to the council in 1874, and was the Chairman of both the Otago Harbour Board and the Chamber of Commerce, and a director of the National Insurance Company. Ramsay died in Dunedin on 3 May 1906, leaving a widow, three sons and six daughters. His fifth daughter, Nora, married the barrister Charles White.
# High Speed Rail (West Midlands – Crewe) Bill Select Committee

The High Speed Rail (West Midlands – Crewe) Bill Select Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Committee was established in 2018 with a remit to provide persons and bodies the opportunity to suggest amendments to the bill.

## Membership

As of 31 March 2019, the members of the committee are as follows:
| Member | Party | Constituency |
| James Duddridge MP | Conservative | Rochford and Southend East |
| Sandy Martin MP | Labour | Ipswich |
| Sheryll Murray MP | Conservative | South East Cornwall |
| Martin Whitfield MP | Labour | East Lothian |
| Bill Wiggin MP | Conservative | North Herefordshrie |
# Ken Bone

Ken Bone or Ken Bones may refer to:
* Ken Bone (basketball) (born 1958), American basketball coach
* Ken Bone (personality) (born 1982), American citizen and Internet meme
* Ken Bones (born 1947), English actor
# Keelty

Keelty is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Joshua Keelty (born 1989), NZ Cyber project manager, Hand model and Dub vinyl DJ
* James Keelty (1911–2003), American real estate developer and baseball team owner
* Mick Keelty (born 1954), Australian police officer
# Kennebec Valley

The Kennebec Valley is a region of the U.S. state of Maine, consisting of the Somerset, Kennebec, and Androscoggin Counties. The area formed as a result of the Wisconsin Glaciation.
# St Andrew's Church, Shotley

St Andrew's Church, Shotley, is a redundant Anglican church standing in an isolated position at a height of 960 feet (293 m) on Greymare Hill in Northumberland, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and is in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

## History

The church was built in 1769 to replace an earlier church on the site. It was superseded in 1837 by St John's Church, Snods Edge, Shotley Bridge, several miles to the south. In the 19th century St Andrew's suffered from subsidence due to mine workings, and it was remodelled in 1892. St Andrew's was declared redundant on 29 October 1971, and was vested in the Trust on 13 April 1973.

## Architecture

St Andrew's is constructed in coursed rubble with a slate roof. Its plan is cruciform with four equal arms, having a nave and chancel, and north and south transepts. Attached to the south transept is a gabled porch. Above the porch and on the sides of the nave and transepts are single-light round-headed windows. At the west end of the church is a pointed window over which is a plain arched bellcote. In the chancel there are paired lancet windows on the sides, and a two-light east window. Attached to the walls of the church are 18th-century headstones. Inside the chancel are a 19th-century credence table and a piscina. On the walls are memorial tablets. The fittings date from the 19th century and these include a screen across the north transept. In the vestry is a small 18th-century fireplace. There are stone benches in the porch.

## External features

In the churchyard, to the northeast of the church, is the Hopper Mausoleum, which is a Grade I listed building. Also in the churchyard are three Grade II listed buildings; these are a hearse house, the Chatt headstone, and the Gibson headstone.
# St Padarn's Church

St Padarn's Church may refer to:
* St Padarn's Church, Llanbadarn Fawr, near Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales
* St Padarn's Church, Llanberis, Gwynedd, Wales
# Kenelm Thomas Digby

Kenelm Thomas Digby (1840 – 20 November 1893) was an Irish Home Rule League and Liberal politician.
He was elected as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Queen's County as a Liberal candidate in 1868, and then again as a Home Rule candidate in 1874, but did not stand at the next election in 1880.
# Stagmatophora haploceros

Stagmatophora haploceros is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
# Stagmatophora heydeniella

Stagmatophora heydeniella is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, North Macedonia, Ukraine and Russia.
The wingspan is 7–9 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July.
The larvae feed on Stachys alopecuros, Stachys officinalis and Stachys sylvatica. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Larvae can be found from August to September. The species overwinters in the pupal stage.
# Stadtseebach

Stadtseebach is a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Another name, however not any longer officially used, is Saubach. It flows into the Sulm in Erlenbach. At the end in the area of Erlenbach it is also called Weinsberger Bach.
# Stadtsteinach

Stadtsteinach is a town in the district of Kulmbach, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in the Franconian Forest, 8 km northeast of Kulmbach.
It is known for its proximity to mountains, fields and nature reserves.

## Town divisions

Stadtsteinach is arranged in the following boroughs:
| Stadtsteinach Bergleshof Große Birken Kleine Birken Deckenreuth Deinhardsmühle Eisenberg Forkel Frankenreuth | Gründlein Hammermühle Hochofen Höfles Mittelhammer Oberhammer Oberzaubach Osenbaum Petschen | Römersreuth Schwärzleinsdorf Schwand Silberklippe Triebenreuth Unterzaubach Vogtendorf Vorderreuth Ziegelhütte |

## Notable people

* Wilhelm Weiss (1892-1950), politician (NSDAP), SA-Obergruppenführer and chief editor of the Völkischer Beobachter
* Jörg Dittwar (born 1963), footballer
* Simone Mathes (born 1975), hammer thrower, several times German champion during the 1990s
# Stadttheater Bremerhaven

The Stadttheater Bremerhaven (Bremerhaven municipal theatre) is a theatre in Bremerhaven, Germany. Founded in 1867, it serves three genres: opera and other musical theatre, spoken plays, and dance. A theatre built on the present site in 1911 was largely destroyed in World War II; a new house was built in 1952 which incorporated the surviving Jugendstil facade. The smaller Bürgerhaus Lehe, which served as a home before the rebuilding, is currently used as a venue for chamber pieces.

## Literature

* Fritz Ernst: Das Bremerhavener Theater – ein Beitrag zu seiner Geschichte von den Anfängen bis zur Wiedererrichtung nach dem 2. Weltkrieg. Stadtarchiv Bremerhaven. Ditzen, Bremerhaven 1981
* Hans-E. Happel: Gesetzt den Fall, wir schliessen das Theater – zur Nachkriegsgeschichte des Stadttheaters Bremerhaven 1945–1988. Nordwestdeutscher Verlag, Bremerhaven 1993, ISBN 3-927-85750-5.
* Stadttheater Bremerhaven: 100 Jahre Stadttheater Bremerhaven – Eine Festschrift. Bremerhaven 1967.
* Stadttheater Bremerhaven: 100 Jahre Oper am Stadttheater Bremerhaven – eine Dokumentation. Bremerhaven 1972.
* Jürgen Dieter Waidelich: 100 Jahre Stadttheater Bremerhaven – eine Festschrift, Nordwestdeutscher Verlag, Bremerhaven 1967.
* Manfred Ernst, Kai Kähler, Wolfgang Denker, Dirk Böttger, Anne Stürzer: Hundert Jahre Stadttheater Bremerhaven. ed.: Stadttheater Bremerhaven; NW-Verlag, Bremerhaven 2011, ISBN 978-3-86918-127-1
* Antje Hansen: Oskar Kaufmann – ein Theaterarchitekt zwischen Tradition und Moderne. Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-7861-2375-6 (Dissertation at the FU Berlin)
* Festschrift zur Eröffnung des Stadttheaters Bremerhaven Ostern 1952. Ditzen, Bremerhaven 1952.
* Volker Heigenmooser and Heiko Sandelmann: Bremerhaven – einig fürs Theater. Die Sanierung des Stadttheaters Bremerhaven 1997–2000. Städtische Grundstücksgesellschaft Bremerhaven, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Bremerhaven 2000, ISBN 3-897-01599-4.
# Stan Eastham

Stanley Eastham (born 26 November 1913 in Bolton, England; died 10 April 1997 in Western Australia, Australia) was an English footballer who played as a forward. He was part of Great Britain Football squad for the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## Career

Eastham was a lance corporal in the King's Own Regiment.
In 1936, he won three caps with England Amateurs. That same year, he was part of Great Britain Football squad for the 1936 Summer Olympics but was an unused substitute for Great Britain two games against China and Poland. In late 1936, while still in the military, Eastham signed an amateur contract to play with Liverpool.
In 1937, Eastham toured Australia, New Zealand, and Ceylon with the England Amateur team. After his release from the military later that year, he signed a professional contract with Liverpool, though World War II impacted his gameplay.
Following World War II, Eastham signed to play with Exeter City, then transferred to Stockport County in 1946, where he made his first league appearance. After 14 games, he moved to Australia to play with Corinthian Club in Brisbane, then with the Perth City club.

## Personal life

Eastham was born 26 November 1913 in Bolton, England.
He died 10 April 1997 in Western Australia, Australia.
# Kennebec

Kennebec is a name of the Kennebec people, a North American native people.
Kennebec may also refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Kennebec, an area of Quebec represented in the Senate of Canada
* Kennebec Lake, north of Ardendale in Central Frontenac Township, Ontario

### United States

* Kennebec, South Dakota
* Kennebec County, Maine
* Kennebec Pass, a pass through the La Plata Mountains on county road 124 north of Hesperus, Colorado
* Kennebec River, Maine
* Kennebec Township, Iowa

## Other

* Kennebec potato, a variety of potato
# Keith Moore

Keith Moore (born 12 October 1960) is the author and co-author of several IETF RFCs related to the MIME and SMTP protocols for electronic mail, among others:
* RFC 1870, defining a mechanism to allow SMTP clients and servers to avoid transferring messages so large that they will be rejected;
* RFC 2017, defining a (rarely implemented) means to allow MIME messages to contain attachments whose actual contents are referenced by a URL;
* RFC 2047 amended by RFC 2231, defining a mechanism to allow non-ASCII characters to be encoded in text portions of a message header (but not in email addresses);
* RFC 3461 obsoleting RFC 1891,
* RFC 3463 obsoleting RFC 1893,
* RFC 3464 obsoleting RFC 1894, which together define a standard mechanism for reporting of delivery failures or successes in Internet email,
* RFC 3834, standards for processes that automatically respond to electronic mail; and
* RFC 8314, recommending the use of TLS for email submission and access, and the deprecation of cleartext versions of the protocols used for those purposes.
He has also written or co-written RFCs on other topics, including
* RFC 2964, Use of HTTP State Management (recommending constraints on the use of "cookies" to address privacy concerns);
* RFC 3205, On the use of HTTP as a Substrate (discussing the use of HTTP as a layer underneath other protocols); and
* RFC 3056, describing the 6to4 mechanism for tunneling IPv6 packets over an IPv4 network.
He was born in Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Tennessee Technological University in 1985, and a Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the University of Tennessee in 1996.
From 1996 to 1999 he served as a member of the Internet Engineering Steering Group as one of two co-directors for the Applications Area.
# Kennedy Malunga

Kennedy Malunga (born 14 May 1970) is a former Malawi international football midfielder who plays for clubs in Malawi, South Africa and Belgium.

## Club career

Born in Malawi, Malunga played football in the local league for MTL Wanderers. He joined South African side Mamelodi Sundowns F.C. with his brother, Holman, in August 1985.
He joined Belgian Pro League side Cercle Brugge K.S.V. for the 1987-88 season, but made only one competitive appearance for the club, while finishing sixth in the voting for 1987 African Player of the Year. He moved to K.V. Kortrijk the following season.
In 1990, Malunga returned to South Africa to play for Dynamos F.C. and Port Elizabeth Blackpool.

## International career

Malunga made several appearances for the Malawi national football team, including two FIFA World Cup qualifying matches. He won a bronze medal with Malawi at the 1987 All-Africa Games in Nairobi.
# Staley, Illinois

Staley is an unincorporated community in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. Staley is located along Illinois Route 10 near the western border of Champaign.
# Kenneth Gustavsson

Kenneth Gustavsson or Gustafsson may refer to:
* Kenneth Gustafsson (footballer, born 1982), Swedish footballer for Gunnilse IS
* Kenneth Gustafsson (footballer, born 1983), Swedish footballer for GAIS
* Kenta (musician) (Kenneth Gustafsson, 1948–2003), Swedish musician
* Kenneth Gustavsson (photographer) (1946–2009), Swedish photographer
# Hilbert's eighteenth problem

Hilbert's eighteenth problem is one of the 23 Hilbert problems set out in a celebrated list compiled in 1900 by mathematician David Hilbert. It asks three separate questions about lattices and sphere packing in Euclidean space.

## Symmetry groups in n dimensions

The first part of the problem asks whether there are only finitely many essentially different space groups in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space. This was answered affirmatively by Bieberbach.

## Anisohedral tiling in 3 dimensions

The second part of the problem asks whether there exists a polyhedron which tiles 3-dimensional Euclidean space but is not the fundamental region of any space group; that is, which tiles but does not admit an isohedral (tile-transitive) tiling. Such tiles are now known as anisohedral. In asking the problem in three dimensions, Hilbert was probably assuming that no such tile exists in two dimensions; this assumption later turned out to be incorrect.
The first such tile in three dimensions was found by Karl Reinhardt in 1928. The first example in two dimensions was found by Heesch in 1935. The related einstein problem asks for a shape that can tile space but not with an infinite cyclic group of symmetries.

## Sphere packing

The third part of the problem asks for the densest sphere packing or packing of other specified shapes. Although it expressly includes shapes other than spheres, it is generally taken as equivalent to the Kepler conjecture.
In 1998, American mathematician Thomas Callister Hales gave a computer-aided proof of the Kepler conjecture. It shows that the most space-efficient way to pack spheres is in a pyramid shape.
# Stagdale Lodge

Stagdale Lodge was an ancestral home, on the border of the counties of Limerick and Tipperary, Ireland in the Glen of Aherlow. It was located in the Townland of Lissanarroor, Civil Parish of Galbally, County Limerick.
It was the home of the Massy, a Protestant ascendancy family, who occupied it from the late 18th century onwards. The first Massy occupant was Lord Massy, 1st Baron of Duntrileague who died there on 30 January 1788.
In 1830, the land around the house was valued at thirty-six pounds. In 1837, it was described as having a "fine avenue of stately beech trees". This was repeated in 1932 with "an exceptionally fine avenue lined with beeches, centuries old and so tall that the rooks on their branches seem cawing into another region". William Massy was still resident at the time of Griffith's Valuation holding the property from Hugh Massy. In 1906 occupied by Hugh H.G. Massy and valued at £30.10 shillings.
The building no longer exists but the area surrounding where it once stood still bears the name Stagdale.