OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zhang Yingying (runner)

Zhang Yingying (simplified Chinese: 张莹莹; traditional Chinese: 張瑩瑩; pinyin: Zhāng Yíngyíng; born January 4, 1990, in Hailar District, Inner Mongolia) is a Chinese long-distance runner. At only 18 years she already qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics to represent China at the 5000 metres, 10,000 metres and the marathon.
Her first breakthrough race came at the age of seventeen when she ran at the Beijing Marathon and took second place with a time of 2:27:20 hours. The following year she won the Xiamen Marathon with a world junior best time of 2:22:38 hours. She was chosen to run both the 5000 m and 10,000 m at the 2008 Beijing Olympics – she failed to make the final in the 5000 m but finished 16th in the 10,000 m. At the 2009 World Championships in Athletics she was 18th in the 10,000 m, and her career came to an abrupt stop.
She revived her running in 2013 by winning the Beijing Marathon in a time of 2:31:19 hours in her first outing since 2009.

## Career highlights
### Marathons

    2007 - Xiamen, 4th, Xiamen Marathon
    2007 - Beijing, 2nd, Beijing Marathon
    2008 - Xiamen, 1st, Xiamen Marathon

### City Games

    2007 - Wuhan, 3rd, 5000 m
    2007 - Wuhan, 1st, 10,000 m

### Other achievements

    2007 - 31:17.30, 4th best time of the year, 10,000 m
    2009 - Yangzhou, 1st, Yangzhou Jianzhen International Half Marathon

## Personal bests

| Distance | Mark | Date | Location | Note |
| 5000 m | 15:06.08 | 2007 | Wuhan | |
| 10,000 m | 31:17.30 | 2007 | Wuhan | |
| Marathon | 2:22.38 | 2008 | Xiamen | World junior record |
# Ladykirk and Norham Bridge

The Ladykirk and Norham Bridge connects Ladykirk in the Borders, Scotland, with Norham in Northumberland, England, across the River Tweed. It's one of three bridges that cross it along the Anglo-Scottish Border, the others being the Coldstream Bridge and the Union Chain Bridge; out of these, the Ladykirk and Norham Bridge is the youngest, opening to the public in 1888.

## Earlier bridges

The previous bridge was a timber trestle built between 1838 and 1839 by J. Blackmore. The bridge was funded by subscribers purchasing shares; David Robertson, 1st Baron Marjoribanks paid £3000, and ten others paid £500 each.
This bridge used curved ribs eight planks deep at the ends and three planks deep in the middle, where each individual plank is 6 inches (150 mm) deep. These were used to create two arches, each of 190 feet (58 m) span and 17 feet (5.2 m) rise, each arch was supported by two trusses. The planks were 18 feet (5.5 m) long, and no piece of timber in the bridge was longer than 28 feet (8.5 m). The roadway was 18 feet (5.5 m) wide. The entire bridge was restored in 1852, with the exception of the stone piers.

## History

Construction of the present stone bridge lasted from 1885 to 1887. The bridge is listed at grade II by English Heritage and at category B by Historic Scotland.
It was designed by Thomas Codrington and Cuthbert A. Brereton for the Tweed Bridges Trust.

## Design

It is a late stone road arch bridge with four spans. The two middle arches are of 90 feet (27 m) span, and the outer two of 85 feet (26 m) span, and the width of the roadway between the parapets is 14 feet (4.3 m). The outer piers have triangular cutwaters, but the central pier has a curved cutwater that continues up to the height of the road, with a break in the parapet to create a refuge for pedestrians.
The bridge uses dressed-stone for the arch rings, and has coursed-rubble spandrels and wing walls. It is built from red sandstone, and faced with ashlar dressings. The spandrels are hollow to reduce the load on the arches, an innovation by Thomas Telford.
The bridge carries the B6470 public road between the villages of Ladykirk in Scotland and Norham in England. It is just downstream from Canny Island, a river island in the Tweed.
# WXXM (data model)

The Weather Information Exchange Model (WXXM) is designed to enable the management and distribution of weather data in digital format (XML). WXXM version 2.0, set to be finalized in 2014, is based on Geography Markup Language (GML) and is one of the GML Application Schemas. It is being developed by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL). WXXM is a member of a family of data models designed for use in aviation safety, notably Aeronautical Information Exchange Model (AIXM) and the Flight Information Exchange Model (FIXM).

## Purpose

As of 2014, WXXM is an extension of IWXXM, which represents the operationally exchanged meteorological information defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). WXXM uses a similar design approach to IWXXM, but can represent additional types of weather information not covered in IWXXM.

## Model

WXXM has two main components. The package as a whole is referred to as WXXM:
* The WXXM Conceptual Model (WXCM)
* The WXXM XML Schema (WXXS)

## History

WXXM 1.0 was introduced in 2007, representing METAR, SPECI, TAF, SIGMET and other ICAO information as specified in International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex III.
WXXM 1.1 was released in 2010 with a number of additional products beyond ICAO Annex 3.
WXXM 2.0 was released in 2014 as a major update. WXXM 2.0 removed data products that are authoritatively represented by ICAO in IWXXM 1.0 (METAR, SPECI, TAF, SIGMET) and incorporated IWXXM 1.0 design approaches.

### WXXM Conceptual Model

The WXXM Conceptual Model is a conceptual model of the meteorological domain. It describes the features and their properties (attributes and associations) within the domain. Therefore, it can be used as the logical basis for weather databases.
The model is designed using the Unified Modelling Language (UML).

### WXXM XML Schema

The WXXM XML Schema is an exchange model for weather data. It is an implementation of the Conceptual Model as an XML schema. Therefore, it can be used to send weather information to others in the form of XML encoded data, enabling systems to exchange weather information.
# IEEE Internet Award

IEEE Internet Award is a Technical Field Award established by the IEEE in June 1999. The award is sponsored by Nokia Corporation. It may be presented annually to an individual or up to three recipients, for exceptional contributions to the advancement of Internet technology for network architecture, mobility and/or end-use applications. Awardees receive a bronze medal, certificate, and honorarium.

## Recipients

The following people have received the award:
* 2000 – Paul Baran, Donald W. Davies, Leonard Kleinrock and Larry Roberts (for packet switching)
* 2001 – Louis Pouzin (for datagrams)
* 2002 – Steve Crocker (for approach enabling evolution of Internet Protocols)
* 2003 – Paul Mockapetris (for the domain name system; the Mockapetris citation specifically cites Jon Postel who had died and therefore could not receive the award for their DNS work)
* 2004 – Raymond Tomlinson and David H. Crocker (for networked email)
* 2005 – Sally Floyd (for contributions in congestion control, traffic modeling, and active queue management)
* 2006 – Scott Shenker (for contributions to the study of resource sharing)
* 2007 – not awarded
* 2008 – Mike Brecia, Ginny Travers, and Bob Hinden (for early IP routers)
* 2009 – Lixia Zhang (for Internet architecture and modeling)
* 2010 – Stephen Deering (for IP multicasting and IPv6)
* 2011 – Jun Murai (for leadership in the development of the global Internet, especially in Asia)
* 2012 – Mark Handley (for exceptional contributions to the advancement of Internet technology for network architecture, mobility, and/or end-use applications)
* 2013 – David L. Mills (for significant leadership and sustained contributions in the research, development, standardization, and deployment of quality time synchronization capabilities for the Internet)
* 2014 – Jon Crowcroft (for contributions to research in and teaching of Internet protocols, including multicast, transport, quality of service, security, mobility, and opportunistic networking)
* 2015 – KC Claffy and Vern Paxson (for seminal contributions to the field of Internet measurement, including security and network data analysis, and for distinguished leadership in and service to the Internet community by providing open-access data and tools)
* 2016 – Henning Schulzrinne
* 2017 – Deborah Estrin
* 2018 – Ramesh Govindan
* 2019 – Jennifer Rexford
* 2020 – Stephen Casner and Eve Schooler (for contributions to Internet multimedia standards and protocols)
* 2023 – Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman (for contributions to the design, deployment, and application of practical Internet-scale global computing platforms)
* 2024 – Walter Willinger
# Heterachthes martinsi

Heterachthes martinsi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Hovore in 1988.
# Ionthoglossa

Ionthoglossa is a genus of minute sea snails with left-handed shell-coiling, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Triphoridae.

## Species

Species within the genus Ionthoglossa include:
* Ionthoglossa pseudocanarica (Bouchet, 1985)
# Lophis

In Greek mythology, Lophis (Ancient Greek: Λόφις) was the young son of a ruler of Haliartus, Boeotia.

## Mythology

Legend has it that Haliartus was once an arid land lacking fresh water sources. Lophis' father went to inquire the oracle in Delphi as to whether there was a possible way to supply the region with water, and received an answer in accordance with which he had to kill the first person he would meet upon return home. This person happened to be his son Lophis, whom the king did not hesitate to slay nevertheless. Mortally wounded, Lophis still managed to run around for a short while before he fell down dead. From the flow of his blood rose up a river which was named Lophis after the young man.
A similar motif occurs in the story of Idomeneus and his son, and, in Biblical mythology, of Jephthah and his daughter.
# Stars Over Arizona

Stars Over Arizona is a 1937 American Western film directed by Robert North Bradbury and written by Robert Emmett Tansey. The film stars Jack Randall, Kathleen Eliot, Horace Murphy, Warner Richmond, Tom Herbert and Chick Hannan. The film was released on September 22, 1937, by Monogram Pictures.

## Cast

* Jack Randall as Jack Dawson
* Kathleen Eliot as Jane Manning
* Horace Murphy as Smokey
* Warner Richmond as Ace Carter
* Tom Herbert as Doc
* Chick Hannan as Yucca Bill Thompson
* Hal Price as Hashknife Holdin
* Ernie Adams as Jimmy the Weasel
* Charles Romas as Chuckawalla Joe
* Shuma Shermatova as Zona
* Jack Rockwell as Sheriff
* Forrest Taylor as Saunders
* Bob McKenzie as Judge
* Tex Palmer as Henchman
# Rudartsi

Rudartsi is a village in Southern Bulgaria. The village is located in Pernik Municipality, Pernik Province. Аccording to the numbers provided by the 2020 Bulgarian census, Rudartsi currently has a population of 1528 people with a permanent address registration in the settlement.

## Geography

Rudartsi village is located in Pernik Municipality, and lies on the western hills of Vitosha mountain, at an average elevation of 786 meters. Until the year 1960, the village existed only as a neighborhood of a nearby village.
Rudartsi village is 18 kilometers from Sofia and 14 kilometers from Pernik.

## Infrastructure

The village has good infrastructure, a school, a library, and public transport to Pernik and Sofia. There is a mineral swimming pool in the village alongside mineral springs. There are 10 cafes and restaurant establishments.
* There is an elementary school in the village – "Sv. Kliment Ohridski"
* The community hall and library "Vasil Levski" was built in 1968.

## Ethnicity

According to the Bulgarian population census in 2011.
| | Number | Percentage(in %) |
| Total | 1362 | 100.00 |
| Bulgarians | 1277 | 93 |
| Turks | 0 | 0 |
| Romani | 23 | 2 |
| Others | 5 | 1 |
| Do not define themselves | 7 | 1 |
| Unanswered | 50 | 3 |
# Out of the Shadows (Billy Joe Royal album)

Out of the Shadows is the eighth studio album by American Country Artist Billy Joe Royal, which was released in 1990.
The album landed on the Country Albums chart, reaching #24 in 1990.
# Ladykillers

The Ladykillers or Ladykillers may refer to:
* The Ladykillers (1955 film), a comedy starring Alec Guinness
** The Ladykillers (2004 film), a remake featuring Tom Hanks
** The Ladykillers (play), a 2011 stage adaptation of the 1955 film
* Ladykillers (film), an unrelated 1988 made-for-TV movie
* National Lampoon's Lady Killers, a 2003 comedy film
* "Ladykillers" (song), a song from the album Lovelife by Lush
* "Lady Killers" (G-Eazy song), a song from the album Must Be Nice by G-Eazy
# La Coronilla

La Coronilla is a village in the Rocha Department of southeastern Uruguay.

## Geography

The village is located on the Atlantic coast on Route 9, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) south of Chuy and the border with Brazil. Across Route 9, as a western extension of the village is the hamlet Capacho and as a northern extension the neighbourhood Barrio Pereira. Together they form a populated centre of 1,153 inhabitants, according to the 2011 census.

## History

On 13 November 1951, the populated nucleus previously named "Las Maravillas" was renamed and its status was elevated to "Pueblo" (village) by the Act of Ley Nº 11.763.

## Population

In 2011 La Coronilla had a population of 510.
| Year | Population |
| 1963 | 488 |
| 1975 | 626 |
| 1985 | 593 |
| 1996 | 586 |
| 2004 | 541 |
| 2011 | 510 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay
According to the 2011 census, Capacho had a population of 457 and Barrio Pereira of 186.
# Kyrgyzstan Championship (ice hockey)

The Kyrgyzstan Championship is the national ice hockey championship in Kyrgyzstan.

## Champions

* 2016–17 Dordoi Ala-Too Naryn
* 2015–16 Arstan Shumkar Bishkek
* 2014–15 Arstan Shumkar Bishkek
* 2013–14 unknown
* 2012–13 Dordoi Ala-Too Naryn
* 2011–12 Arstan Shumkar Bishkek
* 2010–11 Gornyak Ak-Tuz
* 2009–10 Khan-Tengri Bishkek
* 2008–09 Khan-Tengri Bishkek
* 2007–08 Dordoi Ala-Too Naryn
# Heterachthes leucoacnus

Heterachthes leucoacnus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1970.
# Iolana

Iolana is a Palearctic genus of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.
Species include:
* Iolana iolas Ochsenheimer, 1816 iolas blue
** Iolana iolas iolas Ochsenheimer, 1816 North Africa, South Europe, Asia Minor
** Iolana iolas lessei (Bernardi, 1964) Armenia.
** Iolana iolas debiliata (Schultz, 1905) or Iolana debilitata (Schultz, 1905) Morocco and Algeria
* Iolana alfierii Wiltshire, 1948 Egypt
* Iolana andreasi (Sheljuzhko, 1919) Iran
* Iolana gigantea (Grum-Grshimailo, 1885) Afghanistan and Pakistan.
# Lophium

Lophium is a genus of fungi in the family Mytilinidiaceae. It was described by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1818.
# Stalldown Barrow

Stalldown Barrow, sometimes called Staldon, is a megalithic site in Devon, about 5 km from Harford. It consists of a long stone row. It is fairly close to the stone circle on Stall Moor.
# NPR2

Natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR2), also known as atrionatriuretic peptide receptor B and formerly as guanylate cyclase B, is an atrial natriuretic peptide receptor which in humans is encoded by the NPR2 gene.
A mutation in the NPR2 gene can result in achondroplasia and disproportionate dwarfism with short limbs.
# Ouagadou

Ouagadou is a commune in the Cercle of Nara in the Koulikoro Region of south-western Mali. The commune contains the town of Goumbou which is the administrative centre and 6 villages. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 19,123. Goumbou is 28 km southwest of Nara, the administrative centre (chef-lieu) of the cercle.

## Sister city

* Vegas del Genil, Spain
# Teranodes otwayensis

Teranodes otwayensis is a species of funnel-web spider in the Hexathelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1978 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in Victoria, in open, wet sclerophyll forest habitats. The type locality is the Otway Range in the south-west of the state.

## Behaviour

The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators.
# Stannate

In chemistry, the term stannate or tinnate refers to compounds of tin (Sn). Stannic acid (Sn(OH)$_4$), the formal precursor to stannates, does not exist and is actually a hydrate of SnO$_2$. The term is also used in naming conventions as a suffix; for example the hexachlorostannate ion is SnCl$^{2−}$ $_6$.
In materials science, two kinds of tin oxyanions are distinguished:
* orthostannates contain discrete SnO$^{4−}$ $_4$ units (e.g. K$_4$SnO$_4$) or have a spinel structure (e.g. Mg$_2$SnO$_4$)
* metastannates with a stoichiometry M$^{II}$SnO$_3$, M$^I$ $_2$SnO$_3$ which may contain polymeric anions or may be sometimes better described as mixed oxides
These materials are semiconductors.

## Examples

* Barium stannate, BaSnO$_3$ (a metastannate)
* Cobalt stannate, Co$_2$SnO$_4$, primary constituent of the pigment cerulean blue
* Dysprosium stannate, Dy$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$
* Lead stannate, Pb$_2$SnO$_4$, "Type I" lead-tin yellow
* Potassium stannate, formally potassium hexahydroxostannate(IV), formula K$_2$Sn(OH)$_6$
* Sodium stannate, formally sodium hexahydroxostannate(IV), formula Na$_2$Sn(OH)$_6$
# State v. Warshow

State v. Warshow, Supreme Court of Vermont, 410 A.2d 1000 (1980), is a criminal case that set forth conditions for a defense of necessity in civil disobedience during political protests. Four requirements were described that apply to other necessity defenses.
The court wrote:
   * There must be a situation of emergency arising without fault on the part of the actor concerned;
   * this emergency must be so imminent and compelling as to raise a reasonable expectation of harm, either directly to the actor or upon those he was protecting;
   * this emergency must present no reasonable opportunity to avoid the injury without doing the criminal act;
   * the injury impending from the emergency must be of sufficient seriousness to outmeasure the criminal wrong.
# WKO

WKO may refer to
* Austrian Federal Economic Chamber, an Austrian business community
* WonderKing Online, an online role playing game
* Württemberg Chamber Orchestra Heilbronn (Württembergisches Kammerorchester Heilbronn), a German orchestra
# Walter George

Walter George may refer to:
* Walter George (athlete) (1858–1943), British runner
* Walter George (cricketer) (1847–1938), English cricketer
* Walter F. George (1878–1957), U.S. Senator and judge from the state of Georgia
* W. L. George (1882–1926), English writer
* Walter Sykes George (1881–1962), English architect
* Wally George (1931–2003), American conservative radio and television commentator
# State v. Shane

State v. Shane (590 N.E.2d 272, 63 Ohio St. 3d 630) is a 1992 Ohio Supreme Court voluntary manslaughter case that developed a two-step test for "reasonably sufficient provocation" and held that verbal confessions of adultery could not be "reasonably sufficient" provocation.

## Procedural posture

The trial judge gave jury instructions for both murder and manslaughter. The defendant was convicted of murder and appealed, claiming the manslaughter instruction had "improperly placed upon him the burden of proving that he acted under the influence of a sudden passion or rage".

## Facts

Robert Shane strangled his fiancee, Tina Wagner, after she verbally admitted to sleeping with other men.

## Issues

* What is "reasonably sufficient provocation" under Ohio's murder statute?
* Whether mere words can be adequate provocation.

## Court's decision

Ohio's murder statute requires "serious provocation occasioned by the victim that is reasonably sufficient to incite the person into using deadly force". The court developed a two-step test for "reasonably sufficient provocation" based on the four requirements for voluntary manslaughter:
* Reasonable provocation
* Actual provocation
* A reasonable person would not have cooled off between the provocation and homicide
* The defendant had not cooled off between the provocation and homicide
The court reasoned that factors 1 and 3 were objective factors, while factors 2 and 4 were subjective factors. Under the court's two-step analysis a trial judge would first apply an objective standard to evaluate whether the provocation was "reasonably sufficient" to bring on a sudden passion or fit of rage. If the objective standard is satisfied under the reasonable person test, the jury may then consider whether the defendant was "under the influence of a sudden passion or in a sudden fit of rage".
The court held that "words alone will not constitute reasonably sufficient provocation to incite the use of deadly force in most situation".
# Kästeklippen

The Kästeklippen, often shortened to Käste, is a rocky tor above the Oker valley in the Upper Harz mountains of central Germany. It lies at a height of 602 m above NN.
Near the Käste are other similar granite rock formations such as the Hexenküche ("Witch's Kitchen"), Mausefalle ("Mousetrap"), Feigenbaumklippe and the Treppenstein. Next to the observation platform is a protruding rock which resembles the face of an old man and is called Der Alte vom Berge ("Old Man of the Mountain"). The rocks consist of granite "wool sacks", typical of the Harz region.
The Kästeklippen (Klippen = crags) are a popular destination in the Harz. From here, there are views to the Sudmerberg hill in the borough of Goslar. Numerous paths lead from the Oker Reservoir, Romkerhall, Oker, Göttingerode and Bad Harzburg up to the Käste. The most important access route is the Kästestraße. It runs from Bad Harzburg up to the Schlackenplatz on the Morlberg and then continues at a height of just under 600 m over the Alte Schlewecke and the crags of the Stiefmutterklippen to the Käste. From there it goes downhill again, past the Hinterer Ziegenrücken and Vorderen Ziegenrücken to Oker. The Kästestraße was once tarmacked all the way from Bad Harzburg to the Käste. Remnants of the asphalt surface can still be seen today. From the beginning of April to the end of October a bus service runs from Bad Harzburg to the Käste. The Kästehaus restaurant was demolished in 2019.
The Kästehaus is checkpoint no. 118 in the Harzer Wandernadel hiking trail network.
* On the crags
* The Hexenküche
* The former Kästehaus restaurant
* Der Alte vom Berge ("Old Man of the Mountain")
# Labour of Love (song)

"Labour of Love" is a song by Scottish duo Hue and Cry, released in 1987 as the second single from their debut album, Seduced and Abandoned. It peaked at number 6 in the UK Singles Chart.
In 1993, the song was remixed by house music producer/DJ Joey Negro and released as a single that reached number 25 in Britain.
"Labour of Love" was featured on the soundtrack for the video game Grand Theft Auto: Episodes from Liberty City.

## Personnel

* Pat Kane: lead vocals and backing vocals
* Greg Kane: electronic piano
* Nigel Clark: electric guitar
* James Finnigan: bass
* Tony McCracken: drums
* David Preston: backing vocals
* Robert Purse: bongos