OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stanley decomposition

In commutative algebra, a Stanley decomposition is a way of writing a ring in terms of polynomial subrings. They were introduced by Richard Stanley (1982).

## Definition

Suppose that a ring R is a quotient of a polynomial ring k[x$_1$,...] over a field by some ideal. A Stanley decomposition of R is a representation of R as a direct sum (of vector spaces)
    $R=\bigoplus _{\alpha }x_{\alpha }k(X_{\alpha })$
where each x$_α$ is a monomial and each X$_α$ is a finite subset of the generators.
# Hirtaeschopalaea celebensis

Hirtaeschopalaea celebensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1969.
# Virginio Gayda

Virginio Gayda (12 August 1885 – 14 March 1944) was a prominent Italian fascist journalist during Fascist Italy, led by Benito Mussolini.

## Early life

Gayda was born in Rome, studied economics at the University of Turin and began his career as a journalist when he was hired as a foreign correspondent by La Stampa in 1908.

## Journalist

Gayda came to prominence as editor of Il Giornale d'Italia during the 1930s and the 1940s. Contemporary reports in the Allied press characterised him as a propagandist who was willing to write anything to support Benito Mussolini's regime.
Dr. Seuss lampooned Gayda by saying, "If you were to ask me, which you haven't, whom I consider the world's most outstanding writer of fantasy, I would, of course, answer: 'I am.' My second choice, however, is Virginio Gayda."
However, Gayda twice came into conflict with Mussolini. In the first incident, a 1939 article "Che farà l'Italia?" ("What Will Italy Do?") was written when Germany invaded Poland in which Gayda cast doubt on the wisdom of Italy entering the world war on the side of Germany. Mussolini, who planned to join the war, criticised the article strongly.
Mussolini raised no public objection when Gayda warned against the likelihood of a swift victory one week after start in June 1941 of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union. However, on 17 February 1943, Gayda provoked the second incident by stating in Il Giornale d'Italia that the Axis powers had difficulties in the war of attrition. Since the Allies were understood to have more industrial power than the Axis, that was seen as a tacit admission of a likely defeat. As a result, Gayda did not appear in Il Giornale d'Italia again until 23 March. He was replaced as editor of Il Giornale d'Italia by A. Bergamini after the fall of the fascist regime on 25 July 1943.

## Death

He was killed by Allied bombing at home on 14 March 1944, reportedly while he was studying English, "the language of Churchill and Eisenhower", in preparation for the arrival of the Allies.
# Superior thyroid

Superior thyroid may refer to:
* Superior thyroid artery
* Superior thyroid vein
# List of masters of Pembroke College, Cambridge

The following persons have served as Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge:
| Name | Term of office | Term of office |
| Robert de Thorpe | 1347? (fl. 1354) | c. 1364 |
| Thomas de Bingham | c. 1364 | c. 1374 |
| John Tynmouth or Tinmew | 1374? (fl. 1380) | 1385† |
| Richard Morys | 1385? (fl. 1389) | 1406? |
| John Sudbury | 1406 | 1428 (resigned) |
| John Langton | 1428 | 22 May 1447† |
| Hugh Damlet | 1447 | 1449 (resigned) |
| Lawrence Booth | 31 May 1450 | 19 May 1480† |
| Thomas Rotherham | 1480 | 1488 (resigned) |
| George Fitzhugh | 14 September 1488 | November 1505† |
| Roger Leyburn | 29 November 1505 | c. 1 August 1507† |
| Richard Foxe | 1507 | 19 October 1518 (resigned) |
| Robert Shorton | 1518 | 1534 (resigned) |
| Robert Swinburn | before 4 October 1534 | October 1537 (resigned) |
| George Folberry | 1537 | October 1540† |
| Nicholas Ridley | October 1540 | 1554 (deprived) |
| John Young (I) | 24 December 1554 | 20 July 1559 (deprived) |
| Edmund Grindal | 20 July 1559 | 16 August 1561 (resigned) |
| Matthew Hutton | 14 May 1562 | 1567 (resigned) |
| John Whitgift | 21 April 1567 | July 1567 (resigned) |
| John Young (II) | 12 July 1567 | 16 March 1578 (resigned) |
| William Fulke | 10 May 1578 | 28 August 1589† |
| Lancelot Andrewes | 6 September 1589 | 1605 (resigned) |
| Samuel Harsnett | November 1605 | 18 February 1616 (resigned) |
| Nicholas Felton | 29 June 1616 | 18 February 1619 (resigned) |
| Jerome Beale | 21 February 1619 | September 1630† |
| Benjamin Lany | 25 December 1630 | 13 March 1644 (ejected) |
| Richard Vines | 13 March 1644 | 1 October 1650 (ejected) |
| Sidrach Simpson | 1650 | April 1655† |
| William Moses | April 1655 | 1660 (ejected) |
| Benjamin Lany | 1660 (restored) | 16 August 1662 (resigned) |
| Mark Frank | 23 August 1662 | January 1664† |
| Robert Mapletoft | c. May 1664 | 20 August 1677† |
| Nathaniel Coga | 20 August 1677 | 8 January 1694† |
| Thomas Browne | 10 February 1694 | 9 March 1707† |
| Edward Lany | 19 March 1707 | 9 August 1728† |
| John Hawkins | 15 August 1728 | October 1733 (resigned) |
| Roger Long | 12 October 1733 | 16 December 1770† |
| James Brown | 16 December 1770 | 30 September 1784† |
| Joseph Turner | 6 October 1784 | 3 August 1828† |
| Gilbert Ainslie | 15 August 1828 | 9 January 1870† |
| John Power | 14 January 1870 | 18 November 1880† |
| Charles Edward Searle | 24 November 1880 | 29 July 1902† |
| Sir George Gabriel Stokes, Bt. | 26 August 1902 | 7 February 1903† |
| Arthur James Mason | 11 March 1903 | 15 June 1912 (resigned) |
| William Sheldon Hadley | 19 June 1912 | 25 December 1927† |
| Arthur Hutchinson | 16 January 1928 | 30 September 1937 (retired) |
| Sir Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler | 1 October 1937 | 31 July 1948 (retired) |
| Sir Sydney Castle Roberts | 1 August 1948 | 1958 |
| Sir William Vallance Douglas Hodge | 1 August 1958 | 1970 |
| William Anthony Camps | 1970 | 1981 |
| The Lord Adrian | 1981 | 1992 |
| Sir Roger Tomkys | 1992 | 2004 |
| Sir Richard Dearlove | 2004 | 31 July 2015 (retired) |
| The Lord Smith of Finsbury | 2015 | incumbent |
# John Strong (Vermont politician)

John Strong (August 16, 1738 – June 16, 1816) was an early Vermont farmer, militia officer and government leader who served as Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives.

## Biography

John Strong was born in Salisbury, Connecticut on August 16, 1738. In 1766 he settled in Addison, Vermont as one of its first white settlers.
Active in the militia in Connecticut during the French and Indian War and Vermont during the Revolution, and continuing his military service after the Revolution, Strong eventually attained the rank of Brigadier General.
During the Revolutionary War Strong was captured by the British, was paroled, and relocated his family to Dorset, and he represented that town in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1779 to 1782. From 1781 to 1782 he served as Assistant Judge of Bennington County.
In 1783 he returned to Addison, and he represented that town in the Vermont House from 1784 to 1787, serving as Speaker in 1786.
Strong was elected Judge of the Addison County Court in 1785, and from 1786 to 1801 he served as Judge of Probate and member of the Governor's Council. In 1791 Strong was a member of the convention that ratified the U.S. Constitution and resulted in statehood for Vermont.
In the 1790s Strong built a home in Addison to replace his original dwelling, which had been destroyed by the British during John Burgoyne's advance from Canada during the Revolution. This home, the General John Strong Mansion, is a museum operated by the Vermont chapter of Daughters of the American Revolution.
In 1801 Strong retired from active pursuits as the result of failing health. He died in Addison on June 16, 1816, and is buried in West Addison's Lake View Cemetery.
Strong's children included Samuel Strong, a militia officer who served as mayor of Vergennes.
# Lulesia densifolia

Lulesia densifolia is a species of fungus that was first described by Rolf Singer in 1970. It is the type species of the genus Lulesia. As with the other two species in this genus, L. densifolia is found in the tropics.
# Skull Gang Entertainment

Skull Gang Entertainment is a hip-hop label formed by Skull Gang member Juelz Santana in 2008. With his usual crew on hold due to infighting and his solo career tied up in contract disputes, Dipset member Juelz Santana formed his own group, Skull Gang, in 2008. Featuring Santana along with Richmond Rab, Starr, Unkasa, John Depp, Deniro, and Riq Rose, the crew first appeared on the mixtape Takeover: The New Movement to Move With released in 2008. A year later, many of the tracks ended up on the group's self-titled debut album released by the E-1 label. In 2011 Juelz Santana will release his second studio album in a joint venture 50/50 with Def Jam on June 15

## Skull Gang

In 2008 Juelz Santana created a group known as Skull Gang. The group consists of Richmond Rab, Starr, Unkasa, John Depp, Deniro, and Riq Rose. They released a solo album, also known as Skull Gang, which debuted at number 145 at US Billboard 200. Also they released a lot of mixtapes and have a collaboration album with Mike Epps and Jim Jones called Bad Santa.

## Discography

Albums
| Year | Album | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Year | Album | US | R&B | Rap |
| 2009 | Skull Gang Released: May 5, 2009 Label: Skull Gang Entertainment/E1 Music | 142 | 25 | 9 |
Mixtapes
| Year | Album |
| 2008 | Skull Gang Takeover "The New Movement To Move Wit" Released: September 19, 2008 Format: Free download |
Solo albums
Juelz Santana
| Year | Title | Chart positions | Chart positions | Chart positions | Sales and certifications |
| Year | Title | U.S. | U.S. R&B | U.S. Rap | Sales and certifications |
| 2011 | Born to Lose, Built to Win Third Studio Album Released: Unknown Label: Skull Gang Entertainment/Def Jam | - | - | - | Sales: - RIAA: - |
# Hirsutella

Hirsutella is a genus of asexually reproducing fungi in the Ophiocordycipitaceae family. Originally described by French mycologist Narcisse Théophile Patouillard in 1892, this genus includes species that are pathogens of insects, mites and nematodes; there is interest in the use of these fungi as biological controls of insect and nematode pests. The teleomorphs of Hirsutella species are thought to belong to the genus Ophiocordyceps.

## Species

* Hirsutella abietina
* Hirsutella acerosa
* Hirsutella acridiorum
* Hirsutella aphidis
* Hirsutella asiae
* Hirsutella atewensis
* Hirsutella barberi
* Hirsutella besseyi
* Hirsutella brownorum
* Hirsutella citriformis
* Hirsutella clavispora
* Hirsutella coccidiicola
* Hirsutella crinita
* Hirsutella cryptosclerotium
* Hirsutella danubiensis
* Hirsutella darwinii
* Hirsutella dendritica
* Hirsutella dipterigena
* Hirsutella entomophila
* Hirsutella exoleta
* Hirsutella floccosa
* Hirsutella formicarum
* Hirsutella fusiformis
* Hirsutella gigantea
* Hirsutella graptopsaltriae
* Hirsutella gregis
* Hirsutella guignardii
* Hirsutella guyana
* Hirsutella haptospora
* Hirsutella heteroderae
* Hirsutella heteropoda
* Hirsutella huangshanensis
* Hirsutella hunanensis
* Hirsutella illustris
* Hirsutella jonesii
* Hirsutella kirchneri
* Hirsutella lecaniicola
* Hirsutella leizhouensis
* Hirsutella liberiana
* Hirsutella liboensis
* Hirsutella longicolla
* Hirsutella longissima
* Hirsutella minnesotensis
* Hirsutella necatrix
* Hirsutella neovolkiana
* Hirsutella nivea
* Hirsutella nodulosa
* Hirsutella nutans
* Hirsutella ovalispora
* Hirsutella parasitica
* Hirsutella patouillardii
* Hirsutella petchabunensis
* Hirsutella pichilinguensis
* Hirsutella piligena
* Hirsutella proturicola
* Hirsutella radiata
* Hirsutella ramosa
* Hirsutella rhossiliensis
* Hirsutella rostrata
* Hirsutella rubripunctata
* Hirsutella satumaensis
* Hirsutella saussurei
* Hirsutella setosa
* Hirsutella sphaerospora
* Hirsutella sporodochialis
* Hirsutella stilbelliformis
* Hirsutella strigosa
* Hirsutella stylophora
* Hirsutella subramanianii
* Hirsutella subulata
* Hirsutella surinamensis
* Hirsutella thompsonii
* Hirsutella tydeicola
* Hirsutella uncinata
* Hirsutella vandergeestii
* Hirsutella vermicola
* Hirsutella versicolor
* Hirsutella verticillioides
* Hirsutella volkiana
* Hirsutella yunnanensis
* Hirsutella zhangjiajiensis
# Mei Dingzuo

Mei Dingzuo (Chinese: 梅鼎祚; pinyin: Méi Dǐngzuò) (1549-1615) was a Chinese writer and playwright. He was described by a contemporary drama reviewer as being "an outstanding and talented descendant of a distinguished family..."

## Life

He was born in Xuancheng. Mei's family consisted of academics and owned a large library of their own. Mei was friends with Tang Xianzu, Wang Shizhen, and Wang Daokun. His teacher was Jiang Qifang. Mei collected books. He would meet with his friends to share books they recently acquired. He failed imperial examinations and became a full-time writer. Mei's hired his own workers to create woodblocks for his books. He also published his books himself.

## Legacy

Works by Mei are held in the National Central Library.

## Works

* Chang ming lü ji (Story of the Longevity Threads)
* Kunlun nu (Kunlun Slave)
* Yu he ji (Story of the Jade Box)
# Korab (given name)

Korab is an Albanian surname or male given name. It derives from Mount Korab, the highest mountain in Albania. The name Korab may refer to:
# Regiment March

Regiment March (Turkish: Alay Marşı) is the march of Special Forces Command of Turkey. The Soldier's Anthem (Əsgər Marşı) of the Azerbaijani Land Forces was inspired by the march.

## Lyrics

| Turkish lyrics | English translation |
| Annem beni yetiştirdi bu ellere yolladı Al sancağı teslim etti, Allah'a ısmarladı Boş oturma çalış dedi, hizmet eyle vatana Sütüm sana helal olmaz, saldırmazsan düşmana Arş ileri, marş ileri, Türk askeri dönmez geri! Yastığımız mezar taşı, yorganımız kan olsun Biz bu yoldan döner isek namus bize ar olsun Ne şereftir ölmek bize bu güzel vatan için! Yanar yürek yurt aşkıyla daima için için Arş ileri, marş ileri, Türk askeri dönmez geri. | My mother raised me and sent me to these lands She handed over the red flag and entrusted me to God She said, "Don't sit idly, work and serve the nation My milk won't be halal for you if you don't attack the enemy" March forward, march forward, the Turkish soldier never turns back! May our gravestone be our pillow, may our quilt be our blood If we turn back from this path, let honor be shame for us What an honor it is to die for this beautiful homeland! The heart burns with the love of the homeland, always inwardly March forward, march forward, the Turkish soldier never turns back! |
# Royal Centre

Royal Centre or Royal Center may refer to:
* Royal Center, Indiana, United States
* The Royal Center Tower, a viewing tower in the city of Niagara Falls in Canada
* The Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, a medical facility in Birmingham in England
* The Royal Centre (Halifax), an office tower in the city of Halifax in Canada
* The Royal Centre (Vancouver), a retail and office complex in the city of Vancouver in Canada
* The Royal Centre in the city of Nottingham in England, comprising:
** The Theatre Royal, Nottingham
** The Royal Concert Hall, Nottingham
** The Royal Centre tram stop
# List of governors of Älvsborg County

This is a list of governors of Älvsborg County of Sweden from 1634 to its dissolution in 1997, when it was merged with Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County to form Västra Götaland County.
* Johan Henriksson Reuter (1634–1644)
* Nils Assersson Mannersköld (1644–1648)
* Per Ribbing (1648–1663)
* Per Larsson Sparre (1663–1674)
* Henrik Falkenberg (1674–1676)
* Hans Mörner (1676–1679)
* Henrik von Vicken (1679–1690)
* Lars Eldstierna (1690–1693)
* David Makeléer (1693–1708)
* Axel von Faltzburg (1708–10)
* Anders Sparrfelt (1710–16)
* Gustaf Fock (1716–25)
* Olof Gyllenborg (1725–33)
* Johan Palmfelt (1733–39)
* Axel Erik Roos (1740–49)
* Carl Broman (1749–51)
* Adolf Mörner (1751–56)
* Johan Råfelt (1756–63)
* Mauritz Posse (1763–69)
* Sven Cederström (1769–75)
* Michaël von Törne (1775–85)
* Fredric Lilliehorn (1785–1809)
* Johan Adam Hierta (1810)
* Lars Hierta (1810–1815)
* Per Adolph Ekorn (1816–17)
* Carl Georg Flach (1817–25)
* Paul Sandelhjelm (1825–50)
* Bengt Carl Bergman (1851–58)
* Eric Sparre (1858–86)
* Wilhelm Lothigius (1886–1905)
* Karl Husberg (1905–22)
* Axel von Sneidern (1922–41)
* Vilhelm Lundvik (1941–49)
* Arvid Richert (1949–54)
* Mats Lemne (1955–70)
* Gunnar von Sydow (1970–78)
* Göte Fridh (1978–91)
* Bengt K.Å. Johansson (1991–97)
# Shivpur, Barhara

Shivpur is a village in Barhara block of Bhojpur district in Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 2,084, in 333 households. Arrah is the nearest major city.
# Melonba, New South Wales

Melonba is a suburb of Blacktown, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Melonba is located approximately 51 kilometres (32 mi) north-west of the Sydney CBD in the local government area of Blacktown.

## History

Melonba is situated in the Darug traditional Aboriginal country. Melonba was approved as a suburb on 7 September 2020 and gazetted on 6 November 2020. Prior to the suburb's creation, the area was part of Marsden Park.
The origin of the suburb name is from the Dharug Aboriginal language meaning a type of wattle found in the area.

## Schools

Melonba High School, established in 2024.
# Lady Wu

Lady Wu may refer to:
* Lady Wu (Sun Jian's wife) (died 202)
* Empress Wu (Zhaolie) (died 245)
* Wu Zetian (624–705)
* Consort Wu (Xuanzong) (died 737)
* Lady Wu (Qian Liu's wife) (858–919)
* Wu Hanyue (913–952)
* Empress Wu (Song dynasty) (1115–1197)
* Empress Wu (Chenghua) (died 1509)
# Wang Boming

Wang Boming (born April 23, 1958) is the chairman of Caijing magazine's parent company, the SEEC Media Group. He is also the editor-in-chief of Caijing.
Wang was among the first wave of students to study overseas in the early 1980s. He earned a MPA from School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University in 1987/88. To earn extra money during his studies, he wrote for a Chinese language newspaper in New York, and later worked as an economist for the New York Stock Exchange in the late 1980s, before returning to China to join other foreign-educated students at the Stock Exchange Executive Council, a loosely government-affiliated think tank charged with helping to establish China's stock markets in the early 1990s. After helping to found the exchanges in Shanghai and Shenzhen, the SEEC ventured into media by publishing Securities Market Weekly, China's first publication on the securities industry, which boasted a circulation of nearly a million at its peak in the late 1990s.
# Melvin B. Gottlieb

Melvin Burt Gottlieb (May 25, 1917 in Chicago, Illinois – December 1, 2000 in Haverford Township, Pennsylvania) was a high-energy physicist and director of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (1961–1980). With Van Allen he did the early studies of the magnetosphere, and he later led US fusion research.

## Personal life

Gottlieb was born on May 25, 1917, to Ezra Benjamin Gottlieb and Sara Gottlieb née Hotz in Chicago and received his bachelor's degree in mathematics and doctorate in physics from the University of Chicago. He was married on June 26, 1948, to Golda Gehrman and they had two daughters.

## Early physics

During World War II Gottlieb worked on radar counter-measures and with Van Allen on early cosmic ray studies.
In 1950 Gottlieb accepted an appointment as assistant professor at the State University of Iowa where he continued to work with Van Allen. Starting in 1952 he went on several expeditions to the Arctic on behalf of the Office of Naval Research, where balloons, attached to ion chambers, and launched from rockets were used to study the magnetosphere.

## Fusion

Beginning in 1954 Gottlieb started work on fusion research at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory for the federal government. The work was at the time highly classified. When he arrived Lyman Spitzer’s Stellarator was in its early development. His administrative abilities were quickly recognized and as early as 1958 he was testifying before congress about the need for adequate funds for fusion research.
The declassification of fusion research in 1958 brought Gottlieb’s work international attention at the Atoms-for-Peace Conference in 1958. He became director of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in 1961 succeeding Lyman Spitzer, Jr. Fusion research had reached an impasse with its inability to control the high-energy plasma. This impasse was not broken until the 1969 Russian development of the tokamak (doughnut-shaped) electromagnetic plasma container. Despite doubts of other American physicists, Gottlieb seized upon the tokamak concept, even visiting the Institute of Atomic Energy in Moscow in 1969. In 1971, funded by the US Air Force, he traveled throughout western Europe visiting plasma research facilities, and by 1972 had managed to get the $13 million funding to build the Princeton Large Torus. He subsequently obtained the funding for the follow-on Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR), but didn’t stay as director to see it finally completed in 1982. He was succeeded as director in 1981 by Harold Furth.
In the 1980s he was employed by Grumman Aerospace Corporation, as a technical advisor and "de facto" lobbyist.
# Melchom

Melchom is a demon or spirit in the Dictionnaire Infernal. It is the god or idol of the Ammonites, otherwise called Milcom, Moloch, and Melech: which in Hebrew signifies a king, and Melchom signifies their unearthly king, referring to their unholy idol, Melchom.
The Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary reads:
   The Ammonite god is said to do what they do, namely, occupy the Israelite land of Gad. To Jehovah, the theocratic "King" of Israel, the land belonged of right; so that their Molech or Melchom was an usurper-king.
This statement applies that, while the ammonites lived in Gad, so did Melchom. However, after they were chased from there by the Israelites, Melchom was cast down from his idolic throne. This is the moment when Melchom was embodied as a demon after King David "took his crown". In this new form he is a lesser demon, and is the paymaster of servants in hell. He is known as "he who carries the purse".
# Meiji Hokkaido-Tokachi Oval

The Meiji Hokkaido-Tokachi Oval, also known as the Obihiro Forest Speed Skating Oval, is an indoor track for speed skating in the city of Obihiro on the island of Hokkaido in Japan. The hall was opened in September 2009 as the second indoor track in Japan, after M-Wave in Nagano.
The course measures 79 metres (259 ft) and is built on the same site as the old artificial track from 1986, the Obihiro No Mori Skating Centre.

## Competitions

The venue has hosted multiple international speed skating competitions.
* 2010 Asian Speed Skating Championships
* 2010 World Sprint Speed Skating Championships
* World Cup 5 of the 2010–11 ISU Speed Skating World Cup
* 2012 World Junior Speed Skating Championships
* World Cup 1 of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup
* speed skating competitions at the 2017 Asian Winter Games.
* World Cup 1 of the 2018–19 ISU Speed Skating World Cup
* World Cup 1 of the 2023–24 ISU Speed Skating World Cup