OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Krogmann's salt

Krogmann's salt is a linear chain compound consisting of stacks of tetracyanoplatinate. Sometimes described as molecular wires, Krogmann's salt exhibits highly anisotropic electrical conductivity. For this reason, Krogmann's salt and related materials are of some interest in nanotechnology.

## History and nomenclature

Krogmann's salt was first synthesized by Klaus Krogmann in the late 1960s.
Krogmann's salt most commonly refers to a platinum metal complex of the formula K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$X$_{0.3}$] where X is usually bromine (or sometimes chlorine). Many other non-stoichiometric metal salts containing the anionic complex [Pt(CN)$_4$]$^{n−}$ can also be characterized.

## Structure and physical properties

Krogmann's salt is a series of partially oxidized tetracyanoplatinate complexes linked by the platinum-platinum bonds on the top and bottom faces of the planar [Pt(CN)$_4$]$^{n−}$ anions. This salt forms infinite stacks in the solid state based on the overlap of the d$_{z2}$ orbitals.
Krogmann's salt has a tetragonal crystal structure with a Pt-Pt distance of 2.880 angstroms, which is much shorter than the metal-metal bond distances in other planar platinum complexes such as Ca[Pt(CN)$_4$]·5H$_2$O (3.36 angstroms), Sr[Pt(CN)$_4$]·5H$_2$O (3.58 angstroms), and Mg[Pt(CN)$_4$]·7H$_2$O (3.16 angstroms). The Pt-Pt distance in Krogmann's salt is only 0.1 angstroms longer than in platinum metal.
Each unit cell contains a site for Cl$^−$, corresponding to 0.5 Cl$^−$ per Pt. However, this site is only filled 64% of the time, giving 0.32 Cl$^−$ per Pt in the actual compound. Because of this, the oxidation number of Pt does not rise above +2.32.
Krogmann's salt has no recognizable phase range and is characterized by broad and intense intervalence bands in its electronic spectra.

## Chemical properties

One of the most widely researched properties of Krogmann's salt is its unusual electric conductance. Because of its linear chain structure and overlap of the platinum $d_{z^{2}}$ orbitals, Krogmann's salt is an excellent conductor of electricity. This property makes it an attractive material for nanotechnology.

## Preparation

The usual preparation of Krogmann's salt involves the evaporation of a 5:1 molar ratio mixture of the salts K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$] and K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$Br$_2$] in water to give copper-colored needles of K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$]Br$_{0.32}$·2.6 H$_2$O.
       5K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$] + K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$Br$_2$] + 15.6 H$_2$O → 6K$_2$[Pt(CN)$_4$]Br$_{0.32}$·2.6 H$_2$O
Because excess Pt$^{II}$ or Pt$^{IV}$ complex crystallizes out with the product when the reactant ratio is changed, the product is therefore well defined, although non-stoichiometric.

## Uses

Krogmann's salt nor any related material has found any commercial applications.
# Jonathan Clark House

The Jonathan Clark House is a historic house located at 13615 N. Cedarburg Rd. in Mequon, Wisconsin. The house was built in 1848 for Jonathan Clark, who migrated to the area from Vermont. The home was built in the Greek Revival style and is built in fieldstone with a limestone front. The house has also been used as a dentist's office.
The house has been opened to the public as a historic house museum.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 2, 1982.
# Takarazuka City General Gymnasium

Takarazuka City General Gymnasium is an arena in Takarazuka, Hyogo, Japan.
# Risa Takenaka

Risa Takenaka (born January 6, 1990) is a Japanese long-distance runner who competes in marathon races.
Takenaka was part of the winning team at the 2010 International Chiba Ekiden.
Takenaka won the 2015 Gold Coast Marathon, defeating Keiko Nogami and Manami Kamitanida.
# Volvarina gargalloae

Volvarina gargalloae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 4.96 mm, its diameter 2.2 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Guadeloupe in the Caribbean Sea.
# Will Mackenzie

Will Mackenzie (born July 24, 1938) is an American television director and actor.

## Life

Born in Providence, Rhode Island, Mackenzie began his professional career as an actor, making his Broadway debut in 1965 in the original production of the musical Half a Sixpence. During the original run of Hello, Dolly!, he stepped into the role of Cornelius Hackl created by Charles Nelson Reilly, and he also appeared in the plays Sheep on the Runway by Art Buchwald and Scratch by Archibald MacLeish and a revival of Much Ado About Nothing. Off-Broadway he was featured in As You Like It and directed a revival of I Do! I Do! with David Garrison and Karen Ziemba.
On television, Mackenzie made guest appearances in Route 66, ABC Stage 67, That Girl, The Mod Squad, Rhoda, Maude, Baretta, and All in the Family, and he had a recurring role in The Bob Newhart Show. His sole feature film credit as an actor was in The Landlord.
Mackenzie made his television directorial debut with The Bob Newhart Show and went on to direct multiple episodes of The Stockard Channing Show, Too Close for Comfort, Bosom Buddies, WKRP in Cincinnati, Gimme a Break!, Newhart, Moonlighting, Family Ties, Day by Day, Major Dad, Phenom, The Boys are Back, Dharma & Greg, Everybody Loves Raymond, Scrubs, and Reba.
Mackenzie has been nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Direction of a Comedy Series five times and the Emmy Award for Outstanding Direction of a Drama Series once.
He won the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Direction of a Drama Series twice for Moonlighting and the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Direction of a Comedy Series once, for Family Ties episode "A, My Name Is Alex". He also directed the 1989 romantic comedy Worth Winning.
# Hook gauge

A hook gauge or needle gauge is a measuring device used by crocheters and knitters to test the sizes of particular crochet hooks and knitting needles. Hook gauges are usually made of plastic or aluminum and have sizing holes from 2mm to 11mm diameter. A hook gauge also functions as a ruler to test the size of a test swatch of handmade fabric.

## Sizing conventions

A hook gauge is the most reliable way to determine the actual size of a tool. Even though most hooks and needles have metric sizing, tool dimensions vary slightly between different manufacturers. Non-metric sizing conventions also change over time. For instance, different sizing charts rate a 4.0mm hook as either a U.S. G/6 or an F/5.

## Importance of accurate sizing

U.S. textile craft terminology employs the word gauge in two different ways: as hook gauge in reference to the sizing tool, or as a standalone term gauge to describe the number of stitches in a standard sized sample of work, usually 4" or 10cm. UK terminology refers to the latter as tension. Craft patterns include a gauge or tension measurement and good practice among crafters is to achieve the correct gauge on a sample swatch before embarking on the full project.
As one crochet guidebook explains:
   Whenever you are following a crochet pattern you will notice that a gauge is included. This is an all-important guide to obtaining the proper size of the square or garment you are working on. If you don't get the proper gauge, the item will not fit properly and you may run out of yarn before finishing.
Several factors affect fabric gauge, including hook or needle size, although sometimes a crafter may change tool size deliberately in order to achieve a certain gauge. Accurate needle and hook sizing reduces the number of variables that affect these decisions. Additionally, if substitute tools are needed during the course of the project a hook gauge can determine whether a given tool is appropriate in advance of actual work.
# Ohio's 5th House of Representatives district

Ohio's 5th House of Representatives district is currently represented by Democrat Richard Brown. It is located entirely within Franklin County and includes the cities of Canal Winchester, Groveport, Obetz, Reynoldsburg, and parts of Columbus, as well as Hamilton, Pleasant, Prairie, Madison, and part of Jackson Township.

## List of members representing the district

| Member | Party | Years | General Assembly | Electoral history |
| District established January 2, 1967. |||||
| Ralph Cole (Findlay) | Republican | January 2, 1967 – December 31, 1968 | 107th | Elected in 1966. Retired to run for Sixth District Court of Appeals judge. |
| Robert D. Schuck (Findlay) | Republican | January 6, 1969 – December 31, 1972 | 108th 109th | Elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Redistricted to the 82nd district and lost re-nomination. |
| Dick Celeste (Cleveland) | Democratic | January 7, 1973 – December 31, 1974 | 110th | Redistricted from the 49th district and re-elected in 1972. Retired to run for Lieutenant Governor of Ohio. |
| Francine Panehal (Cleveland) | Democratic | January 6, 1975 – December 31, 1982 | 111th 112th 113th 114th | Elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Redistricted to the 8th district. |
| Robert Brown (Perrysburg) | Republican | January 3, 1983 – November 15, 1985 | 115th 116th | Redistricted from the 83rd district and re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Resigned to become Director of the Ohio Department of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities. |
| Randy Gardner (Bowling Green) | Republican | November 15, 1985 – December 31, 1992 | 116th 117th 118th 119th | Appointed to finish Brown's term. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Redistricted to the 4th district. |
| Ross Boggs (Andover) | Democratic | January 4, 1993 – March 1, 1999 | 120th 121st 122nd 123rd | Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Resigned to serve on the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review. |
| George Distel (Conneaut) | Democratic | March 1, 1999 – December 31, 2002 | 123rd 124th | Appointed to finish Boggs' term. Re-elected in 2000. Redistricted to the 99th district. |
| Tim Schaffer (Lancaster) | Republican | January 6, 2003 – December 31, 2006 | 125th 126th | Redistricted from the 6th district and re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Retired to run for state senator. |
| Gerald Stebelton (Lancaster) | Republican | January 1, 2007 – December 31, 2012 | 127th 128th 129th | Elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to the 77th district. |
| Nick Barborak (Lisbon) | Democratic | January 7, 2013 – December 31, 2014 | 130th | Elected in 2012. Lost re-election. |
| Tim Ginter (Salem) | Republican | January 5, 2015 – December 31, 2022 | 131st 132nd 133rd 134th | Elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Term-limited. |
| Richard Brown (Canal Winchester) | Democratic | January 2, 2023 – present | 135th | Redistricted from the 20th district and re-elected in 2022. |
# Sinclairtown railway station

Sinclairtown railway station served the suburb of Sinclairtown, Fife, Scotland from 1847 to 1969 on the Edinburgh and Northern Railway.

## History

The station opened on 17 September 1847 by the Edinburgh and Northern Railway. The goods yard was to the west and the signal box was on the west side of the eastbound platform. Another goods yard was built to the south. A siding further to the west served Dunniker Colliery. The first site of the station closed in 1909 and was relocated later in the year. The signal box was moved west of the goods yard. The station closed on 1 January 1917 but reopened again on 2 March 1919 before finally closing on 6 October 1969.
| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Dysart Line open, station closed | | North British Railway Edinburgh and Northern Railway | | Kirkcaldy Line and station open |
# Jonathan Clayden

Jonathan Paul Clayden CChem FRSC (born 6 February 1968) is a Professor of organic chemistry at the University of Bristol.

## Education

Whilst at secondary school, he represented the UK at the International Chemistry Olympiad in 1986, winning a bronze medal. In 1992 he obtained his PhD at the University of Cambridge working with Dr Stuart Warren on asymmetric synthesis using phosphine oxide chemistry. He then carried out a postdoc with Prof Marc Julia and in 1994 became a lecturer in organic chemistry at the University of Manchester where he became a reader in 2000 and a Professor of Organic Chemistry in 2001. In 2015 he moved to a chair in chemistry at the University of Bristol.

## Research

His research interests encompass various areas of synthesis and stereochemistry, particularly where conformation has a role to play: asymmetric synthesis, atropisomerism, organolithium chemistry, remote stereochemical effects and dynamic foldamer chemistry. He is one of the authors of the organic chemistry textbook - Organic Chemistry by Clayden, Greeves, Warren and Wothers. He also wrote Organolithiums: Selectivity for Synthesis, which concerns the use of organolithium compounds in organic synthetic reactions.
From 2005 to 2011 he was editor-in-chief of the Open Access Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
# Takarazuka Line

Takarazuka Line (宝塚線, Takarazuka-sen) can refer to:
* JR Takarazuka Line, an alias of a part of the Fukuchiyama Line (between Osaka Station and Sasayamaguchi Station)
* Hankyū Takarazuka Main Line
# Rinaudo

Rinaudo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Fabián Rinaudo (born 1987), Argentinian football player
* Leandro Rinaudo (born 1983), Italian football player
# Matsu Daily

Matsu Daily (Chinese: 馬祖日報; pinyin: Mǎzǔ Rìbào; Wade–Giles: Ma$^3$-tsu$^3$ Jih$^4$-pao$^4$; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Má-chó͘-ji̍t-pò) is a newspaper owned by the government of the Lienchiang County, Fujian Province, Republic of China (Taiwan).
It was founded as Tengpu Daily (Chinese: 登步報; pinyin: Dēngbù Bào; Wade–Giles: Teng$^1$-pu$^4$ Pao$^4$), a newspaper published to the military on Tengpu Island, to commemorate the victory of Tengpu Battle. Following the later retreat to Matsu, the newspaper continued to be published. Matsu Daily started to be published on 3 September 1957.
The ownership of the newspaper was transferred from the military to the county government in 1992. The online version was launched in 1999.
# William Davie Brown

William Davie Brown (29 May 1852 – 24 March 1876) was a Scottish international rugby union player. He played as a full back.
He played for Glasgow Academicals, one of the top teams in Scotland at the time.
He was called up to the Glasgow District side for the Great Britain's very first provincial rugby match on 23 November 1872. He went on to captain the side in the match against Edinburgh District on 5 December 1874.
He was called up to the Scotland squad for the world's very first international rugby match in 1871. He represented Scotland 5 times in total.
# Richard Brodie

Richard Brodie may refer to:
* Richard Brodie (cricketer) (1813–1872), Australian cricketer
* Richard Brodie (footballer) (born 1987), English footballer
* Richard Brodie (programmer) (born 1959), American programmer and author
# Hotel Georgia (Vancouver)

The Rosewood Hotel Georgia is a 12-story historic hotel located at 801 West Georgia Street in the city's downtown core of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

## History

The Hotel Georgia was built at a cost of $1.5 million and opened on May 7, 1927; the architects were Robert T. Garrow and John Graham Sr. It became the first international property of Seattle-based Western Hotels on January 31, 1931, and remained with the chain, later Western International Hotels, until August 1, 1972.
In 1998, the Hotel Georgia was sold to Vancouver-based Allied Hotel Properties Inc. for $45 million. They spent a further $10 million renovating the hotel, reopening it as the Crowne Plaza Hotel Georgia in June 1998. Allied announced plans to develop the adjacent parking lot with a 50-story residential tower, before selling the hotel to Seattle-based Goodman Real Estate Inc. and the Delta Group for $65 million in 2005. The new owners reworked the plans for the tower.
In early 2007, the Crowne Plaza Hotel Georgia closed for restoration work and construction of the tower. In 2010, Delta Group announced that the luxury Rosewood Hotels & Resorts chain had been selected to manage the hotel. The hotel reopened on July 10, 2011 as the Rosewood Hotel Georgia. The hotels rooms were gutted and combined, reducing their number from 320 to 155. The restoration of the hotel cost $120 million, while the adjacent Private Residences at the Hotel Georgia 48-story glass condominium tower cost a further $400 million to build. The hotel was sold to Vancouver-based Pacific Reach in 2017 for $145 million.
The hotel closed for renovations on January 1, 2024, and reopened on July 3, 2024. Renovations included the refurbishment of the lobby and 1927 Lobby Lounge, as well as the Reflections Terrace, front desk, and rooms and suites. The basement of the hotel, that has long housed beer halls, cocktail bars, and nightclubs, was also redeveloped, opening in 2024 as Prophecy, a cocktail lounge.

## The Private Residences at Hotel Georgia

A 48-story, 158.5 metre, high-rise residential building has been constructed on the adjoining site of the hotel's parking structure. It is the 3rd tallest tower in the city, after the Living Shangri-La Tower and the Paradox Hotel and Tower. All three of these developments are new mixed use hotel/residences towers on Georgia Street.
# Old Union School (Chesterville, Ohio)

The Old Union School off Ohio State Route 314 in Chesterville, Ohio, was built in 1860. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
The structure primarily incorporates Greek Revival architecture, but includes some Italianate features. It is the oldest remaining academic building in the area. The building was used for this purpose until 1890 and has since served as a residence.
# Viktor Blinov

Viktor Nikolayevich Blinov (September 1, 1945 in Omsk, Soviet Union – July 9, 1968 in Moscow, Soviet Union) was an ice hockey player who played in the Soviet Hockey League. He played for HC Spartak Moscow. He was inducted into the Russian and Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1968.
He played in his first international on February 26, 1965, against Canada. He won a gold medal in the 1968 Winter Olympics. He scored ten goals in 32 internationals, the last of which was on February 17, 1968.
Blinov died from a heart attack he suffered during hockey practice. He was 22 years old.
# Sindre Fossum Beyer

Sindre Fossum Beyer (born 10 October 1977) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He studied economics and administration at Telemark University College from 1998 to 2000, and marketing at BI Norwegian Business School from 2000 to 2002. After one year in the Norwegian People's Aid, he was hired as political adviser in the Labour Party in 2003. In 2007 he was hired as information director in the Labour Party, as well as studying public relations and strategic communication at master's level at the BI Norwegian Business School.
On the local level Fossum Beyer was a member of Porsgrunn municipal council from 1995 to 1999 and Telemark county council from 1999 to 2003. He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Telemark during the terms 2005–2009. In total he met during 7 days of parliamentary session. In 2009 he was appointed as a political adviser with responsibility for press contact in the Office of the Prime Minister as a part of Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet. He also served as acting State Secretary here from 4 October to 4 November 2012. In 2014 he was hired in the ad agency Try.
He is the son of Øystein Kåre Beyer, mayor of Porsgrunn. He is married to Mette Fossum Beyer, daughter of Grethe Fossum.
# Taimei, Kumamoto

Taimei (岱明町, Taimei-machi) was a town located in Tamana District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 14,329 and the density of 628.19 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 22.81 km$^2$.
On October 3, 2005, Taimei, along with the towns of Tensui and Yokoshima (all from Tamana District), was merged into the expanded city of Tamana and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
# Hasan Awad

Hasan ʿAwad al-Qatshan (born 1912–13) was a Bedouin archaeologist associated with the Jordanian Department of Antiquities. Working with his partner Gerald Lankester Harding and other western archaeologists, he played a role in a number of major discoveries, including those of the Lachish letters and the Dead Sea Scrolls.

## Archaeological career

ʿAwad was born to the Negev Bedouin Hanajira of Beersheba. Though not formally educated in archaeology, he began his training as a teenager, on Flinders Petrie's excavations at Tell Jemmeh (1926–1927). He went on to acquire a reputation as a skilled excavator and the "best archaeological foreman in Jordan", working with James Leslie Starkey at Tell ed-Duweir (Lachish, 1932–1939), George Ernest Wright at Tell Balata (Shechem, 1956–1973), the American Schools of Oriental Research at Dhiban (1950–1953), Henri de Contenson at Tell esh-Shuna (1953), and Diana Kirkbride at Petra (1955–1956). Harding credited ʿAwad with the discovery of the Lachish letters, and he was the first archaeologist to recognise the importance of the El-Kerak Inscription, which he bought from a Bedouin in Tafilah.
ʿAwad's most frequent collaborator was Gerald Lankester Harding, who he first met at Tell Jemmeh. They were partners for nearly twenty years and lived together in Amman, where Harding was the director of the Department of Antiquities. ʿAwad conducted a excavated a number of sites in Jordan on Harding's behalf, including the Iron Age tombs at Sahab. In 1952, Harding heard that local Bedouin had found a new cave at Qumran Caves, the site of the discovery the Dead Sea Scrolls. ʿAwad joined Harding's expedition to the caves along with Dominique Barthélemy, Józef Milik, Henri de Contenson, Roland de Vaux, Azmi Khalil, and Ibrahim Assula, and was responsible for supervising the party's Bedouin labourers. John M. Allegro recounted Hasan's role in one episode during the exploration of the caves:
   On another occasion, in the Third Cave, investigation disclosed a great crack in the rock at the back of the cave going down into the depths of the mountain. The Bedouin said that one of their number had already explored it, but to be sure, the foreman of Harding’s party, one Hasan Awad, probably the best archaeological foreman in Jordan, volunteered to go down into the crevice on a rope himself. The opening was only two and a half feet wide, and some way down was an even narrower chimney through which he could barely squeeze. Altogether he dropped some fifty feet before landing on a sandy floor, which bore traces of the earlier visit by the Bedouin but nothing of archaeological value. The haul up was a nightmare for all concerned, as, having no pulleys, the party at the surface had to haul Hasan up, inch by inch, trusting that the rope would not break or be cut by a sharp projection of rock. The half an hour that it took to bring him to the surface seemed like half a day, and the bravery displayed by this man cannot be accounted too highly.
# William Davie (disambiguation)

William Richardson Davie was Governor of North Carolina.
William Davie may also refer to:
* Sir William Davie, 4th Baronet (1662–1707)
* Willie Davie (1925–1996), footballer