OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marjorie Oelrichs

Marjorie de Loosey Oelrichs Duchin (June 23, 1908 – August 3, 1937) was an American socialite.

## Early life

Marjorie was born on June 23, 1908, and was daughter of Marjorie Ramely Oelrichs (née Turnbull; 1883–1952) and Charles de Loosey Oelrichs (1882–1973). After her parents divorce, her father remarried to Madeleine Lucienne Meyer, a daughter of Millius Pierre Meyer, in 1926.
Her paternal grandparents were the former Blanche de Loosey and Charles May Oelrichs, a wealthy broker who was prominent in New York society during the Gilded Age. Her maternal grandparents were Lt. Commander Frank Turnbull, a retired naval officer, and his wife, the former Marion Louise Bates, descendant of William Bradford, a governor of Plymouth Colony in the 17th century. A maternal aunt was suffragist Alison Turnbull Hopkins. Her paternal aunt was poet and playwright Michael Strange.

## Professional life and marriage

A well-known New York and Newport beauty, she was described by Vogue as having "waxen skin and eyebrows like butterflies." An Edward Steichen photograph of Oelrichs was included in an advertisement for Pond's cold cream in a 1926 copy of Ladies' Home Journal.
She became the wife of dance bandleader Eddy Duchin after the two met at the Waldorf, and they wed at her mother's apartment at the Hotel Pierre on June 5, 1935, officiated by Judge Vincent Lippe. Marjorie was removed from the New York Social Register for marrying Duchin because Eddy was Jewish; her reaction was reportedly "Who cares? It's just a phone book."
Oelrichs died on August 3, 1937, in the Harbor Sanitarium at 667 Madison Avenue, just six days after the 1937 birth of the couple's son, Peter Oelrichs Duchin (born July 28, 1937). After Eddy's death in 1951, Peter was raised by close family friends, statesman W. Averell Harriman and his wife, Marie Norton Harriman.

## In popular culture

Kim Novak portrayed Oelrichs in the 1956 biopic The Eddy Duchin Story with Tyrone Power as Duchin.
# Mark Firth

Mark Firth (25 April 1819 – 28 November 1880) was an English industrialist and philanthropist.

## Biography

Firth was born in Sheffield, the son of Thomas Firth (1789–1850), of Pontefract, York, and Mary Loxley.
He joined the crucible steel works of Sanderson Brothers where his father worked as head smelter, but left in 1842 to set up his own business with his brother, Thomas Jr. Their father joined them shortly afterwards, and in 1852 Thomas Firth & Sons had expanded into larger premises at the Norfolk Works in Savile Street, which had the largest rolling mill in Sheffield.
The Firth's business expanded into the armaments market, installing two large steam hammers in 1863. In 1871, the company cast the thirty five ton "Woolwich Infant" gun. In 1875 they produced an eighty-ton gun.
Firth was elected to the office of Master Cutler in 1867, which he held for the following two years. He was elected Mayor of Sheffield in 1874. In 1875, he presented a thirty-six acre estate to the town of Sheffield as Firth Park. He also built a mansion for himself on the outskirts of Sheffield at Oakbrook, Ranmoor, now part of Notre Dame High School. In 1879, he opened Firth College to teach arts and science subjects, which later became part of the University of Sheffield. Firth lends his name to the Firth Wing of the Northern General Hospital, and Firth Court of the University.
He was a Methodist and a Liberal.
On 16 November 1880 Firth was at his Norfolk Works when he suffered a stroke, and died 12 days later.
He is buried in Sheffield General Cemetery on Cemetery Road, where his monument is Grade II listed.

## Personal life

Firth was twice married and had twelve children.
He first married Sarah Bingham Taylor (1818–1855) in Sheffield on 15 September 1841, and they had five children:
* Sarah Bingham Taylor Firth (1843–1927), married Marriott Hall, MRCS, in Sheffield, 24 May 1866.
* Thomas and Ann Elizabeth Firth (b. & d. 1845).
* Mary Ellen Firth (1847–1848).
* Margaret Maria Firth (1853–1869).
Secondly, he married Caroline Gedling Bradley (1833–1894) at The Methodist New Connexion Chapel, Nottingham on 3 September 1857. They had seven children:
* John Bradley Firth (1859-c.1930), father of Major John Charles Bradley Firth, MC, (1894–1931).
* Mark Firth, JP, (1860–1929).
* Alfred Firth (1862–1883).
* Caroline Bradley Firth (1864–1949).
* Lieutenant–Colonel Bernard Alexander Firth, JP VD, (1866–1929), CO, 4th Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment.
* Charles Henry Bramley Firth (1868–1959)
* Rachel (1870–1940) Married George Charles Hague in 1897
# Markham Economist & Sun

The Markham Economist & Sun is a weekly online newspaper published Thursday, serving the city of Markham, Ontario, Canada. The Economist & Sun is one of several York Region Media Group newspapers, a division of Metroland Media Group.

## Coverage

The Economist & Sun is a local newspaper: it covers local news and sports, and carried real estate and classified advertising.

## History

In 1856, David Reesor founded the Markham Economist. Reesor sold the paper to his brother-in-law Henry Ryan Corson, who became the paper's second publisher in 1860.
The Economist's rival was the Markham Sun. The Sun was founded (or taken over) by George James Chauncey (1849-1895). Chauncey was originally from St. John's, Newfoundland, whose sister Elizabeth Emma Chancey Smallwood was married to the uncle of former Newfoundland Premier Joey Smallwood. In 1881 the Sun became the rival to Reesor's paper. The Sun was bought by the Economist in 1915, creating the Economist & Sun. Corson's son Robert J. Corson was publisher of the new paper until his death in 1930. Metroland Media Group now owns the company.
Parent company Metroland Media Group filed for protection on September 15, 2023 and will cease printing of community papers like the Economist and Sun and continue only online as part of the York Region Media.

## Operations

* Publisher: Dana Robbins
* Editor: Lee Ann Waterman
The paper once had offices in Markham including on Main Street in Markham Village and lastly in Buttonville (Twitter handle address at McIntosh Drive is no longer valid). The paper is based out of Metroland York Region offices in Newmarket, Ontario but editorial staff are based out of Toronto.
# Paul Hoffman

Paul Hoffman may refer to:

## Sportspeople

* Paul Hoffman (basketball) (1925–1998), American basketball player
* Paul Hoffman (rowing) (born 1946), US Olympic rowing coxswain
* Paul Hoffman (weightlifter) (born 1955), Swazi Olympic weightlifter

## Writers

* Paul Hoffman (English writer) (born 1953), English novelist
* Paul Hoffman (science writer) (born 1956), American writer and television presenter
* Paul Hoffman (business writer), American business writer

## Others

* Paul F. Hoffman (born 1941), geologist
* Paul G. Hoffman (1891–1974), president of Studebaker and Economic Cooperation Administrator
* Paul Hoffman (engineer), IETF participant and founder of imc.org and vpnc.org
* Paul E. Hoffman, American historian, winner of the Francis Parkman Prize
# Surly Bikes

Surly Bikes, or Surly, is a bicycle brand based in Bloomington, Minnesota, United States, that was founded in 1998. It is a division of Quality Bicycle Products, a manufacturer and distributor of bicycles and bicycle parts. Despite sharing a similar name and being headquartered in the U.S. state of Minnesota, Surly Bikes and Surly Brewing Company are separate enterprises, with an agreement between the two companies allowing the bicycle company to display the single word "Surly" on its products. Surly Brewing’s Omar Ansari reached out to Surly Bikes before launching the brewery to make sure there would be no conflict.

## History

The Surly brand was developed in house at the Minnesota-based Quality Bicycle Products in the 1990s as a complement to its other brands, such as Salsa Cycles. At the time, "fatbikes" were emerging on the market for winter use in snowy climates, but they were considered exotic and too expensive to produce. Quality Bicycle Products hoped to standardize parts to make mass production easier. Soon after its founding in the late 1990s, the Surly brand was mostly known in the bicycle industry for its single-speed bikes, but in the 2010s it became known for fat-tire bikes that it helped pioneer with machinery it owned. By the 2010s, many brands that manufactured fat bikes used Surly tires. In April 2020, Surly's parent company announced layoffs for 12 percent of its workforce due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Products

Surly’s first bike was the Rat Ride; later renamed the 1x1. Soon thereafter, Surly started offering bike parts. Next they offered a road bike (Cross-Check), a trail bike (Karate Monkey) and later a mountain bike (Krampus).
Surly's Pugsley fat bike that debuted in 2005 was praised by reviewers for its common hub feature that allowed for interchanges, additional gearing combinations, and ability to handle a variety of conditions.
In 2019, Surly faced a product recall of 5,000 bike racks due to crash hazards.
# Michael Heweton

Michael Heweton (also Hewetson or Heweston; 1643-1724) was Archdeacon of Armagh from 1693 to 1700.
Hewetson was born in Dublin on 7 July 1643 and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Chaplain to Archbishop Michael Boyle; and held the living at Cloghran. He died unmarried at Ballyshannon in 1724.
# Lahore Knowledge Park

Lahore Knowledge Park (LKP) is an under-construction science park located on a 852 acres located on Bedian Road in Lahore District, Pakistan.
Owned and managed by the Lahore Knowledge Park Company with an initial investment of $1 billion, of which $200 million is invested by Government of Punjab. The project is designed by Frost & Sullivan. The park include's universities, science and innovation hubs, a retail and central business district, a residential district, an entertainment zone and green areas.
Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center is under construction in the park.

## Masterplan

The park's masterplan divides it into five categories:
* life sciences and bio-technology,
* design and creative industry,
* information technology,
* computer sciences
* and science and engineering
As of 2016, the COMSATS Institute of Information Technology and Lancaster University will jointly set up a graduate school in the park. Information Technology University will also move its campus to the park.
# Shiki Natsuko

Shiki Natsuko (四季・奈津子) is a 1980 Japanese film directed by Yōichi Higashi.

## Cast

* Setsuko Karasuma as Natsuko
* Morio Kazama as Kanamori
* Hirotarō Honda as Nakagaki
* Shōhei Hino as Kawamoto
* Masumi Okada as Takahito Mori
* Nobuko Miyamoto as Mariko

## Awards

5th Hochi Film Award
* Won: Best Supporting Actress - Yoko Aki
2nd Yokohama Film Festival
* Won: Best Supporting Actor - Morio Kazama
# Michael Heseltine (civil servant)

Michael Heseltine CB (/ˈhɛzəltaɪn/; 1886–1952) was a senior civil servant in the United Kingdom and later Registrar of the General Medical Council between 1933 and 1951.

## Early life

Born in 1886 in Norfolk, his father was Rev. Ernest Heseltine, and his uncle was John Postle Heseltine. He was educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford, where he studied Mods and Greats (Latin and Greek). He wrote a translation of Petronius' Satyricon in 1913, though it was criticised by Stephen Gaselee, the Pepys Librarian at Magdalene College, Cambridge for despite having a "virile and attractive style", having a number of mistranslations from Latin.

## Career
### Civil servant

Heseltine was appointed as an administrative civil servant in the Civil Service in 1909 and initially served in the Office of Works and the Home Office.
In 1912 he was transferred to the new National Health Insurance Commission and he became known as one of the most able administrators, being awarded the C.B. in 1919 following the First World War. He was the secretary of the Machinery of Government Committee chaired by Viscount Haldane in 1917. He would later represent the Minister of Health on the Dental Board of the United Kingdom from 1928 to 1933. He was subsequently transferred to the new Ministry of Health in which he would serve until 1933.

### General Medical Council

Heseltine joined the General Medical Council in 1933 as Registrar, also joining the Dental Board of the United Kingdom in the same role. He would remain in these positions until 1951 and 1946 respectively. Heseltine was praised for his role in passing the 1950 Medical Act which introduced disciplinary boards and compulsory training years for doctors. Lord Hacking paid tribute to him during the second reading in the House of Lords: for the great part which he played from the very commencement of the discussions until their successful completion some months ago.

### Later life and death

After retiring from the post of registrar aged sixty-four, Heseltine continued to conduct research and write about the history of medical education for the General Medical Council and a post of Librarian was created especially for him. He died following a short illness on 13 March 1952, less than a year after his retirement.

## Honours

| Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) | 1919 |
# Michael Gallagher (political advisor)

Michael D. Gallagher (born January 23, 1964) is an American businessman and political advisor. He held positions in the George W. Bush White House, including in the United States Department of Commerce. He was the president and CEO of the Entertainment Software Association, the trade association representing the computer and video game industry from 2007 until 2018. He is now the CEO of the Washington Policy Center.

## Career

Gallagher received his B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley and his J.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Gallagher served as administrative assistant to Washington Congressman Rick White and co-chaired the government relations practice group at the law firm of Perkins Coie.
He was managing director for government relations at AirTouch Communications, which was merged with Verizon Wireless. After the merger, he was vice president for state public policy at Verizon.
On November 2, 2001, Gallagher was appointed Deputy Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications & Information (NTIA) and on October 14, 2003, he was appointed Assistant Secretary for Commerce and Information via a recess appointment, bypassing Senate approval. He was later confirmed by the Senate on November 20, 2004 and left the Commerce Department in 2006.
On May 17, 2007, the Entertainment Software Association (ESA) named Gallagher as their 2nd president, replacing founder Doug Lowenstein. He stepped down in October 2018 following an internal investigation led by Robert Altman and Phil Spencer, then the chair and vice-chair of the ESA's board of directors, respectively. In 2019, Variety reported that Gallagher had lost the confidence of the board over a number of related issues in the preceding years. His office was characterized as a toxic work environment in which he pitted his subordinates against each other and sent them belittling messages. He also fired an experienced high-level employee in favor of a new employee he preferred. With the 2016 election of Donald Trump, Gallagher attempted to publicly align the ESA with Trump's policies, such as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which was unpopular with members of the association. These issues eventually led to the investigation and his ouster.
Following his ouster, he founded a consulting firm for technology startups in 2019. In 2022, Gallagher took over as President & CEO of the Washington Policy Center, a conservative think tank in Washington state. He also serves as Chairman of the US Board of Advisors for NTT Docomo.
In March 2022, Gallagher took over as President & CEO of the Washington Policy Center, the leading free market think tank in Washington State.

## Internet governance

Gallagher has opposed the proposals by the United Nations' Working Group on Internet Governance to remove the Internet and the Domain Name System (DNS) from the United States' control. The proposals were discussed at the World Summit on the Information Society in November 2005. Gallagher believes in private sector control of DNS.
# Michal Horáček (orienteer)

Michal Horáček (born 1977) is a Czech orienteering competitor. He received a bronze medal in the relay at the 2001 World Orienteering Championships with the Czech team.
He participated in the World Cup in 1998 and 2000.
# Michael Spang

Michael Spang may refer to:
* Michael Grundt Spang (1931–2003), Norwegian journalist, crime reporter and crime fiction writer
* Michael Henry Spang (died 1762), Danish artist and sculptor
# Michael Souther

Michael Souther is a Canadian television director, producer and television writer. He also earned a nomination for the Genie Award for Best Motion Picture for Saint Ralph. He is the Executive Producer and Co-President of Amaze Film and Television.
# Michael Leifer

Michael Leifer CMG (November 15, 1933 – March 21, 2001) was a British International Relations scholar specialising in the politics and international relations of South East Asia.
He was a professor of international relations at the London School of Economics and also served as its pro-director from 1991-1995.
Leifer studied Political Economy at the University of Reading and subsequently took his doctorate at the London School of Economics in 1959 with a dissertation on "Zionism and Palestine in British Opinion and Policy, 1945-1949". Prior to his death in 2001 he was awarded the Companion Medal of the 'Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George' for his work in academia and study of Southeast Asia.
# Michael Legge (comedian)

Michael Legge (born 12 August 1968) is a London-based Northern-Irish stand-up comedian and television host.

## Career

He has written for the BBC, ITV, Channel 4, MTV, VH1 and other media, and has appeared in numerous venues throughout the UK as well as in Australia, United States, Canada, Singapore, the Netherlands, Germany and Dubai.
Legge began performing in 1991 along with writer Stella Duffy and fellow comedian John Gordillo in the London version of the improvised comedy stage show Theatresports. He became Artistic Director of London Theatresports in 1995 and performed in their popular weekly show, Scriptease, at the Tristan Bates Theatre.
He has performed in several Edinburgh Festival shows including The Conversation (2004) with John Voce, The Vagina Monologues (2005), The Clock Hour (2008) and King of Everything (2009) with Johnny Candon.
Legge co-founded and performed in the cult comedy sketch show The Real Daniel O'Donnell Show (2007–2008) at The Albany, London. The monthly show featured Legge along with Paul Litchfield and Jeremy Limb of sketch group The Trap and Margaret Cabourn-Smith and Zoe Gardner of The Congress of Oddities, with contributions from Dan Mersh. It also regularly featured stand-up comedian guests and live bands. The Real Daniel O'Donnell Show spawned the 2008 Edinburgh Festival show The Clock Hour.
Legge was nominated for a BAFTA award for his writing on the MTV website of the show The Osbournes.
His blog won the 2009 Chortle award for Best Off-Stage Contribution.
Legge also co-hosted a podcast called Precious Little Podcast with James Hingley. The podcast regularly featured Legge shouting at everything. Although not officially declared dead, the podcast has been on hiatus since April 2011 and the content removed from the website. Through the podcast, Legge occasionally filled in for Richard Herring on his BBC 6 Music radio show with Andrew Collins.
After Martin White left, Legge co-hosted The Dave Gorman Show on Absolute Radio alongside Gorman and Danielle Ward.
Legge's first solo show was Curse Sir Walter Raleigh, which debuted at the Edinburgh Festival in 2011. In 2012 Legge produced What A Shame, which he recorded for a future album release in March 2013. Legge has also recorded Pointless Anger, Righteous Ire, an improvised show alongside Robin Ince.
He is a team captain on Danielle Ward's comedy podcast Do the Right Thing, alongside Margaret Cabourn-Smith.
For Comic Relief in March 2013, Legge wrote a blog continuously for 25 hours, raising more than £2,500 for the charity.
In 2014, Legge appeared in the second series of The Alternative Comedy Experience.
Legge started the podcast Vitriola Music in 2015 with fellow comedian Robin Ince.
Legge has also performed warm-up for television shows such as 8 Out of 10 Cats, Would I Lie to You? and many others. Before becoming a professional comedian, Legge featured in several TV commercials.

## Personal life

Legge is a vegan. In 2015, he pulled out of a performance at Vegfest because a representative from UKIP would also be at the same event.
# Microfibril

A microfibril is a very fine fibril, or fiber-like strand, consisting of glycoproteins and cellulose. It is usually, but not always, used as a general term in describing the structure of protein fiber, e.g. hair and sperm tail. Its most frequently observed structural pattern is the 9+2 pattern in which two central protofibrils are surrounded by nine other pairs. Cellulose inside plants is one of the examples of non-protein compounds that are using this term with the same purpose. Cellulose microfibrils are laid down in the inner surface of the primary cell wall. As the cell absorbs water, its volume increases and the existing microfibrils separate and new ones are formed to help increase cell strength.

## Synthesis and function

Cellulose is synthesized by cellulose synthase or Rosette terminal complexes which reside on a cells membrane. As cellulose fibrils are synthesized and grow extracellularly they push up against neighboring cells. Since the neighboring cell can not move easily the Rosette complex is instead pushed around the cell through the fluid phospholipid membrane. Eventually this results in the cell becoming wrapped in a microfibril layer. This layer becomes the cell wall. The organization of microfibrils forming the primary cell wall is rather disorganized. However, another mechanism is used in secondary cell walls leading to its organization. Essentially, lanes on the secondary cell wall are built with microtubules. These lanes force microfibrils to remain in a certain area while they wrap. During this process microtubules can spontaneously depolymerize and repolymerize in a different orientation. This leads to a different direction in which the cell continues getting wrapped.
Fibrillin microfibrils are found in connective tissues, which mainly makes up fibrillin-1 and provides elasticity. During the assembly, mirofibrils exhibit a repeating stringed-beads arrangement produced by the cross-linking of molecules forming a striated pattern with a given periodicity when viewed stained under an electron microscope. In the formation of elastic fiber, fibrillin microfibrils guides the deposit of tropoelastin and remains in the outer layer of mature elastin fibers. The microfibril is also associated in cell communication. Formation of fibrillin microfibrils in the pericellular region affects the activity of a growth factor called TGFβ.

## Marfan syndrome

In Marfan syndrome, a connective tissue disorder, mutations in the gene encoding for the fibrillin-1 protein impact nearly every one of its domains. Such defects in fibrillin-1 affect the signaling of TGFβ, as microfibrils directly govern the activity of TGFβ. This hinders the formation of the extracellular matrix, and ultimately results in a severe phenotype which involves a few organ systems, including the central nervous system, circulatory system, ocular system, and skeletal system.