OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Let It Bleed (novel)

Let it Bleed is a 1995 crime novel by Ian Rankin. It is the seventh of the Inspector Rebus novels. The US edition has a final chapter not present in the UK version; Rankin has explained that his North American publisher objected to the open, ambiguous conclusion of the original text.

## Plot summary

Detective Inspector John Rebus and Frank Lauderdale start the book with a car chase across Edinburgh to apprehend kidnappers, culminating with the two youths they are chasing throwing themselves off the Forth Road Bridge and in Rebus being injured in a car crash. Rebus's upset over this allows Rankin to show the character in a new light, revealing his isolation and potentially suicidal despair.
After the unconnected suicide of a terminally ill con, Rebus pursues an investigation that implicates respected people at the highest levels of government, and due to the politically sensitive nature of what he is doing, faces losing his job, or worse. He is supported by his daughter Sammy, allowing their distant relationship to be built upon.

## Publishing notes

The title refers to the Rolling Stones album Let it Bleed.
In one scene in the novel, Rankin describes Rebus putting his foot onto the bar rail in the Oxford Bar when a band is playing. This, Rankin states, caused many people to contact him to say that there wasn't a bar rail in the Oxford at that time. Rankin mused that this mistake (he claims he mis-remembered) has led to more complaints than anything else including historical inaccuracies or police procedure.
The American version of the book includes a final chapter not seen in the original UK publication. The American publishers were unhappy with the open-ending in the book and so commissioned Rankin to complete the story for the American market.

## TV serial

An episode of the Rebus television series adapted the plot the book, with some differences. Ken Stott starred as Inspector Rebus.
# Let It Bleed (disambiguation)

Let It Bleed is an album by the Rolling Stones.
Let It Bleed may also refer to:
* "Let It Bleed" (song), a song by the Rolling Stones
* Let It Bleed, a song by King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard, see Willoughby's Beach
* Let It Bleed (novel), by Ian Rankin
* "Let It Bleed" (Heroes), an episode of the American science fiction drama series Heroes
* "Let It Bleed" (CSI), an episode of the American crime drama CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
* "Let It Bleed" (Rebus), an episode of the British detective drama Rebus
* "Let It Bleed", an episode of the American TV series Supernatural
# Tepid Baths

The Tepid Baths is a public indoor pool complex in Auckland, New Zealand. The baths opened in 1914 on a site that had previously been occupied by a small drydock and were very well-received by the public, with the new baths attracting 30,000 visitors in the first two months after opening.
In 2010 the baths closed for a major refurbishment, re-opening in mid-2012 after a two year re-build.
The main pool is 1.1m in the shallowest end, and 2.1m in the deepest end.
In 1997 the building gained a Category II listing from Heritage New Zealand.

## History

The Tepid Baths was originally leased from the Auckland Harbour Board, and contain two separate pools, a "male" (25 m, 6 lanes) and "female" (18 m, 4 lane). The "male" pool was the largest in New Zealand at the time. The pools were heated with hot water from the nearby tramways power plant, the system being considered an engineering masterpiece of its time.
The pools were not only extensively used for both recreational and competitive swimming, but also for some other activities – in one event in the early 1930s, a pentecostal minister baptised a hundred new faithful in the pools. Two local athletes were employed as custodians of the baths, swimmer Malcolm Champion (who frequently swam across the harbour to and from his North Shore home) and runner Billy Savidan.
In 1974, the salt water pools (previously fed from the Waitematā Harbour) were transformed into fresh water pools, primarily for maintenance reasons. The facility was refurbished in 1986 and again after the YMCA received the management lease in 1997 from Auckland City Council. Renovations included new sauna and steam rooms, and a gym on the upper level (YMCA club members only). Nowadays, a large part of the Tepid Baths' customers are people working in the Auckland CBD who swim here before or after work.
In November 2009 it was announced that the Tepid Baths would close for a period of up to four years for a $12 million restoration project to address structural issues exacerbated by saltwater effects. It was hoped the pool would reopen in time for its 100th anniversary in 2014. The baths closed in April 2010, with the Y-Fitness Centre having already moved to a new purpose-built facility at the ANZ Centre on Albert Street. While the restoration costs rose later to approximately $16 million, the pools were closed only until mid-2012 when they reopened.
In late 2012, the restored building won the New Zealand Project Management Institute's (PMINZ) Public Sector Project of the Year award.
# Tepidamorphus gemmatus

Tepidamorphus gemmatus is a slightly thermophilic, Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium species from the genus of Tepidamorphus which has been isolated from a hot spring from the Furnas area on the São Miguel Island on the Azores.
# Irwyn Ranald Walters

Irwyn Ranald Walters (6 December 1902 – 21 November 1992) was a Welsh musician, conductor and administrator.
Walters was born in Ammanford. In his youth, Walters' musical tutorship came from conductor Gwilym R. Jones, and David Vaughan Thomas (1873-1934). Irwyn's education took place at Amman Valley County School and Aberystwyth. After working as a teacher in Bideford, Walters moved to Islington in 1928, and he conducted the Swansea Festival Orchestra, and Welsh Philharmonic Orchestra. He remained an active musician throughout his life, even during World War II, when he organised various concerts across Wales.
Irwyn Walters founded the National Youth Orchestra of Wales in 1945, primarily in response to the high demand for orchestral education being provided in England, and served as its director for a time.
Irwyn died in Swansea, aged 89. His son was Gareth Walters, who also achieved recognition as a musician.
# Tetragonoderus luridus

Tetragonoderus luridus is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It was described by Quedenfeldt in 1883.
# Isenoumi

Isenoumi may refer to:
* Isenoumi stable, a heya (or stable) of sumo wrestlers.
* Isenoumi-oyakata, a sumo toshiyori name.
* Kitakachidoki Hayato, head coach of Isenoumi stable and known as Isenoumi Oyakata
# TeuxDeux

TeuxDeux is a Web and iPhone based task management application produced by a collaboration between Swissmiss and Fictive Kin. According to PC World the visual layout of the application facilitates the Getting Things Done system of task management. The application is considered notably useful by Lifehacker and Gizmodo.
According to the developer's website, the backend of the app is written in Ruby, with Sinatra serving pages and Grape delivering the API. The front end is built on Spine.js.
# Letang, New Brunswick

Letang (Mi'kmaq for 'Deep Harbour') (formerly spelt L'Etang) is a Canadian unincorporated community in Charlotte County, New Brunswick.
# Isa ibn Aban

Abu Musa ʿĪsā b. Abān was an early Sunni Islamic scholar who followed the Hanafi madhhab. Although none of his own works have survived to today, he was quoted extensively by early Hanafi scholars such as Al-Jassas in regards to his views on Hanafi usul al-fiqh. Having studied under Abu Hanifa's student, Muhammad al-Shaybani, ibn Abān's views on the sources of law can be assumed to be representative of Abu Hanifa's.

## Biography

Ibn Abān initially studied hadith, and was not known to be associated with ahl al-ra'y, as the Hanafis were called. His views changed when he began to study with Muhammad al-Shaybani, one of Abu Hanifa's primary students. He later became a member of the Abbasid prince al-Ma'mun's court, earning his favor by writing a treatise critical of the jurisprudential views of another scholar in the court. He would later go on to serve as a qadi in Baghdad and Basra.

## Views

Much of what is known about ibn Abān's views on usul al-fiqh is based on what Abu Bakr al-Jassas quotes in his book, Al-Usul fi al-Fusul. Ibn Abān argued in favor of classifying khabar (i.e. Hadith reports) according to how well-known and widespread the report was. In his theory, the only Hadith reports that can be considered entirely authentic are ones that are narrated by large groups of people (mutawatir), indicating that their fabrication was highly unlikely. Hadith reports that are not as widespread still had a role in jurisprudence according to ibn Abān, but they would not be as unquestionable as mutawatir reports.
Ibn Abān also advocates judging Hadith reports by comparing them with relevant passages from the Qur'an. He differs significantly here with his contemporary al-Shafi'i who argued that if the narration chain of a Hadith is judged to be strong, no further criticism of the Hadith report was necessary.

## Works

According to al-Jassas, ʿĪsā ibn Abān authored four works, none of which survive to today:
* Al-Hujaj al-Saghir
* Al-Hujaj al-Kabir
* Kitab al-Radd 'ala Bishr al-Marisi (wa'l Shafi'i) fi'l Akhbar
* Kitab al-Mujmal wa'l Mufassar

## Literature

* Josef van Ess: Theologie und Gesellschaft im 2. und 3. Jahrhundert Hidschra. Eine Geschichte des religiösen Denkens im frühen Islam. De Gruyter, Berlin 1991–1997, 6 volumes, v. 2, 302; v. 3, 60 f., 181; v. 4, 280, 652; v. 5, 353.
# Thana Proper

Thana Proper is an administrative unit, Union council, of Malakand District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
District Malakand has 2 Tehsils i.e. Swat Ranizai and Sam Ranizai. Each Tehsil comprises certain numbers of Union councils. There are 28 union councils in district Malakand.
# Lethariella

Lethariella is a genus of fruticose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. The genus was originally proposed as a subgenus of Usnea by Polish lichenologist Józef Motyka in his 1936 monograph of that genus. Norwegian botanist Hildur Krog elevated the taxon to generic status in 1976.
Three species of Lethariella are used by ethnic peoples of Yunnan Province (China) as a component of purported health-promoting tea: Lethariella cashmeriana, L. sernanderi, and L. sinensis.

## Species

* Lethariella canariensis (Ach.) Krog (1976)
* Lethariella cashmeriana Krog (1976)
* Lethariella cladonioides (Nyl.) Krog (1976)
* Lethariella flexuosa (Nyl.) J.C.Wei (1982)
* Lethariella intricata (Moris) Krog (1976)
* Lethariella sernanderi (Motyka) Obermayer (1995)
* Lethariella sinensis J.C.Wei & Y.M.Jiang (1982) – China
* Lethariella smithii (Du Rietz) Obermayer (1997)
* Lethariella togashii (Asahina) Krog (1976)
* Lethariella zahlbruckneri (Du Rietz) Krog (1976)
Lethariella mieheana Obermayer (1997) was later determined to be a synonym of Lethariella sinensis.
# Ironbank (Auckland)

Ironbank is a 4,500-m$^2$, six-level mixed-used (retail and office) development on Karangahape Road, Auckland city centre, New Zealand. The building also provides a mechanical, automated car stacker for 96 cars, which the robotic system racks in a four-level storage wall. It also used a variety of environmentally friendly building facilities, such as reduced energy demands due to a design that can dispense with air conditioning.
The seven-storey building has both been criticised and lauded for looking like "rusting containers", and an architecture critic noted it reminded him of "kindergarten day in a shipping yard", calling it the "most complex and adventurous building" of RTA Studio (designed for Samson Corporation). The building is hoped to achieve 5-star Green Building certification.
In 2009, it received three architecture awards, in the "commercial", "sustainable" and "urban design" categories of the New Zealand Institute of Architects Auckland awards sponsored by the paint company Resene. It then captured second place at the World Architecture Festival, a European award, making it the best-scoring New Zealand entrant ever at the festival, and being praised for "Its sophisticated attitude to the messy urbanity of south-central Auckland".
It was also mentioned in a The New Zealand Herald series where prominent Aucklanders nominated outstanding Auckland buildings constructed since 2000. Urban designer Ludo Campbell-Reid specifically noted that the building was greater than the sum of its parts, that it would help re-invigorate Karangahape Road and its backstreets, and that unlike most buildings, it looked better from the back than from the front side.
# Lezanne Ooi

Lezanne Ooi is an Australian neuroscientist who is Professor and Head of Neurodevelopment at the University of Wollongong. Her research considers the development of cellular imaging techniques to understand neurodegenerative disease.

## Early life and education

Ooi trained in the United Kingdom. She studied biochemistry at the University of York, where she worked with GlaxoSmith Kline. When Ooi was studying neuroscience, her grandmother was diagnosed with dementia, which motivated her to purse a career studying neurodegenerative disease. She completed her doctoral research on the transcriptional repressor REST (Repressor Element 1-Silencing Transcription factor) at the University of Leeds. She remained there as a postdoctoral researcher, where she studied cardiac hypertrophy and developed cellular imaging techniques to understand neuronal function. Her research showed that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) became abnormally high in people with hypertrophy, and that an increase in REST could halt the rise of the other proteins.

## Research and career

In 2012, Ooi joined the University of Wollongong as a professor of neuroscience. Her lab has characterised over 100 induced pluripotent stem cell lines. She has studied various neurological conditions, including motor neuron diseases and vanishing white matter disease, a form of leukodystrophy. She studied how COVID-19 impacted the likelihood of contracting dementia.
In 2022, Ooi was awarded funding from the Michael J. Fox Foundation to study Parkinson's disease. Her research considers the neuronal changes that place during neurodegenerative disease. She believes that Parkinson's causes changes in cell lipids and metabolites; which could be used as biomarkers of disease.

## Selected publications

* G. D. Smith; M. J. Gunthorpe; R. E. Kelsell; et al. (23 June 2002). "TRPV3 is a temperature-sensitive vanilloid receptor-like protein". Nature. 418 (6894): 186–190. doi:10.1038/NATURE00894. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 12077606. Wikidata Q40723123.
* Lezanne Ooi; Ian C Wood (July 2007). "Chromatin crosstalk in development and disease: lessons from REST". Nature Reviews Genetics. 8 (7): 544–54. doi:10.1038/NRG2100. ISSN 1471-0056. PMID 17572692. Wikidata Q28306534.
* Chiara Zuccato; Nikolai Belyaev; Paola Conforti; et al. (1 June 2007). "Widespread disruption of repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor occupancy at its target genes in Huntington's disease". The Journal of Neuroscience. 27 (26): 6972–6983. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4278-06.2007. ISSN 0270-6474. PMC 6672230. PMID 17596446. Wikidata Q39333674.
# Lezare

Lezare (For Today) is a 2009 Ethiopian short film by director Zelalem Woldemariam. It won the prize for the best short film at the 2010 Amakula International Film Festival and the young jury award for best short film at the 2010 African Film Festival of Cordoba.

## Synopsis

A small homeless boy, Abush, wakes up hungry early in the morning in a small village. Right in front of where he is sleeping, there is a bakery. Abush can smell the bread, but he does not have any money. He starts to beg to buy bread but no one pays him any attention. The villagers are busy preparing for the tree-planting event that afternoon. Finally, an elderly man gives Abush some money, but asks him to help with the tree-planting first. But the day is long and getting food is hard.
# Liane Mozère

Liane Mozère (4 January 1939 - 17 October 2013) was a Chinese-French sociologist and feminist.

## Life

Born in China, Liane Mozère was educated at an American school in Beijing. When she was 10, her family escaped Mao's China and settled in Paris. Mozère participated in the May 1968 events in France and joined the group associated with Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari around La Borde clinic. Her PhD was on creches. Late in her life she was appointed professor of sociology at Paul Verlaine University – Metz.

## Works

* Le Printemps des Crèches, 1992
* 'In early childhood: What's language about?', Educational Philosophy and Theory 39 (3): 291-299 (2007)
# Letter to the President

Letter to the President may refer to
* Letter To The President (song), 1999 song by Tupac Shakur.
* A Letter to the President, 2017 film by Roya Sadat.
# Isabelle Daniel

Isabelle Daniel is a mineralogist at the Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 in Lyon, France. She studies minerals under extreme conditions, such as those that exist in Earth's mantle, as well as biosignatures of early life.

## Education

Daniel earned a bachelor's degree in Earth sciences from the École Normale Supérieure de Lyon in 1989, and a master's degree from the same department in 1992. She completed her doctorate in Earth sciences at Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 in 1995, with a project entitled “Aluminosilicates at high pressure and high temperature: amorph, glass, liquid and crystal – A Raman spectroscopic study.”

## Career

In 2003, Daniel was a fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America and in 2007 she was a fellow of the Institut Universitaire de France.
Currently, Daniel is a professor of Earth sciences at the Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 in France, where she is affiliated with the Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon and is the Dean of the Observatory of Earth Sciences and Astrophysics of Lyon. Daniel is a member of the American Geophysical Union and the Deep Carbon Observatory, where she is chair of the Deep Energy Scientific Steering Committee. From 2012 to 2016 she served as a councilor for the Mineralogical Society of America. She is now the vice president of the European Mineralogical Union, with a four-year term that will expire in 2020. In 2018 she was co-chair of the Deep Carbon Science in the Context of Geologic Time Gordon Research Conference.

### Research initiatives

Daniel's research focuses on minerals and fluid-rock interactions under extreme pressure and temperature conditions. In 2013 she reported that the mineral olivine rapidly splits water into hydrogen and water in a process called serpentinization, which commonly occurs at mid-ocean ridges. She is also interested in the types of volatile compounds that occur in subduction zones, and how those compounds are recycled.
Her lab also investigates microbial biosignatures and how mineral surfaces may have impacted the emergence of life on early Earth. She is exploring the physical limits of microbial life and microbes that live under extreme conditions.
In her work, she frequently uses advanced experimental and analytical methods including Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction.
# The Architect's Apprentice

The Architect's Apprentice (Turkish: Ustam ve Ben, My Master and Me) is a 2013 historical fiction novel by Elif Shafak, set in the 16th century Ottoman Empire. Shafak originally wrote the novel in English and assisted its translation into Turkish. It follows the fictional life of Jahan, an elephant keeper to Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent who later becomes an apprentice of Mimar Sinan.

## Synopsis

The novel has an episodic structure. At the age of 12, Jahan flees his abusive stepfather by boat. He arrives in Istanbul with a young white elephant, a gift for the sultan from India. As part of the rogue captain's plan to steal from the palace, Jahan is led to pose as its mahout (keeper). Jahan looks after the elephant, whom he names Chota ("little"), at the palace menagerie.
Growing up, he befriends Mihrimah, the sultan's daughter. He falls in love with her, but has no prospect of marrying her due to his lower social status. He becomes an apprentice to Sinan, alongside three others: Davud, Nikola and Yusuf. He assists with a variety of projects, including the construction of mosques, bridges, waterworks and an observatory, and the restoration of the Hagia Sophia.
The book spans the reigns of Suleiman I, Selim II and Murad III. Other historical figures featured include Lütfi Pasha, Rüstem Pasha and Takiyüddin, and Jahan visits Michelangelo during a trip to Rome.

## Reception

The book received positive reviews in English-speaking media; The Guardian contrasted this with its "chilly reception" in Turkey. Reviewing it for the same newspaper, Anita Sethi called it an "intricate, multilayered new novel, which excels both in its resplendent details and grand design" and "emotionally forceful". In The New York Times, Christopher Atamian wrote that "Shafak unfurls what may be her most accomplished novel."
The novel was shortlisted for Royal Society of Literature's Ondaatje Prize in 2015.
# Lewis E. Welshofer Jr.

Lewis E. Welshofer Jr. is a United States Army soldier, convicted of homicide of an Iraqi prisoner of war on November 23, 2003 in al-Qaim. Welshofer was then serving as a Chief Warrant Officer in the 3d Armored Cavalry Regiment.
Following a technique which he alleged was approved by his superiors, Welshofer placed Iraqi Major General Abed Hamed Mowhoush headfirst into a sleeping bag, wrapped the bag tightly with electrical cords, then sat on his chest and held his mouth closed. General Mowhoush had eight broken ribs from an earlier beating, allegedly carried out by CIA contractors under Welshofer's direction. American forces believed Mowhoush, a former high-level officer in Saddam Hussein's regime, was one of the leaders of the Iraqi insurgency. He had voluntarily surrendered to the Americans in hopes of helping free his sons, who were being held by the Americans.
In his defense, Welshofer had stressed that the General was refusing to acknowledge leading the insurgency, and that his superiors were insisting that Army interrogators "take the gloves off" when dealing with Iraqi prisoners. At his court martial, a CIA official who observed Welshofer's interrogation techniques, wrote a memo because he was alarmed when Welshofer told him that he violated interrogation rules every day.
On January 17, 2006, military judge Mark Toole rejected the request from attorney Frank Spinner, to dismiss the charges. CWO Jefferson L. Williams and Spc Jerry L. Loper both agreed to testify against Welshofer in exchange for a reduction in their own charges relating to the death. Welshofer claimed he was only following orders which came all the way from the Pentagon and Donald Rumsfeld.
Welshofer was ultimately convicted of negligent homicide, and negligent dereliction of duty on January 21, 2006. The jury took 6 hours of deliberation. Welshofer could have faced a dishonorable discharge as well as up to 39 months in prison, but received only 60 days of barracks confinement and he was ordered to forfeit $6,000 in salary. Critics around the world questioned the verdict's leniency.
In September, 2013, in an article looking back on the use of torture in Iraq, Douglas A. Pryer, writing in Foreign Policy magazine, wrote that Welshofer had lobbied for the way he stuffed captives headfirst into sleeping bags be interpreted as an instance of the "extended interrogation technique" Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld had approved -- close confinement.
# The Best of John Denver

The Best of John Denver may refer to the following albums by American singer-songwriter John Denver:
* John Denver's Greatest Hits (also released as "The Best of John Denver"), a 1973 compilation
* The Very Best of John Denver, a 1994 compilation