OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Allen Main

James Allen Main (born April 8, 1945, in Troy, Alabama) is a former associate justice of the Alabama Supreme Court who was initially appointed on January 14, 2011, by Governor Bob Riley and elected to a six-year term in November, 2012. He did not seek reelection in 2018 and retired from the court in January 2019. Prior to his appointment, he served on the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals.

## Education

Main earned his undergraduate degree in pharmacy from Auburn University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Alabama.

## Career

Main currently serves as a justice of the Supreme Court of Alabama, having previously served as a judge on the Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals. He also served as director of finance for the State of Alabama. The finance director is the chief financial officer (CFO) of the state, as well as policy advisor to the governor.
Prior to becoming finance director in 2004, Main served as senior counsel to Governor Bob Riley and chief of staff and legal advisor to Governor Fob James. Other public service includes terms as city attorney for Anniston, Alabama, city judge for Lineville, Alabama, and city attorney for Oxford, Alabama. Main was in private law practice in Anniston (beginning in 1972) and Montgomery, Alabama (beginning in 1989). During Main's 30 plus years of active practice of law, he was counsel in numerous precedent-setting cases before the Alabama Supreme Court and the United States Supreme Court.
Main is a member of a number of professional organizations, including the Alabama Bar Association, where he is a founding Fellow of the Alabama Law Foundation, past president of the American Pharmacists Association, past president of the Alabama Pharmacy Association, past chairman of the Dean's Counsel for the Harrison School of Pharmacy at Auburn University, a past member of the Alabama Commission on Higher Education and a science and technology fellow of the Advanced Science and Technology Adjudication (ASTAR). He is actively involved in his local church and has served as Sunday school teacher, deacon and short-term missionary.
Main has received numerous awards, including the Parke-Davis Leadership Award; the Bowl of Hygeia, the most widely recognized international symbol for the profession of pharmacy today; the Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Harrison School of Pharmacy; the President's Award from the American Society for Pharmacy Law; and member of Alabama Healthcare Hall of Fame Class of 2012. He has long served on various local and state boards and commissions and was named Outstanding Young Man of Anniston in 1975 for his contribution to the community.
Main has been married to Gale for 49 years, is the father of Jay Main, Saxon Main and Ashley Parker and the grandfather of Mary Katherine, Mac, MacLeod, Tom and Walker.
# James Darling (publisher)

James Darling (1797–1862) was a Scottish bookseller, publisher and bibliographer.

## Life

He was born in Edinburgh in 1797, and in 1809 was apprenticed to the publisher Adam Black. Having completed his term he came to London in 1818 and entered the establishment of Ogle, Duncan, & Cochran, 295 High Holborn, who carried on a trade in theological books. He remained with them until 1825, when he started in business on his own account at Little Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
For many years he was a member of the Scottish presbyterian church, and was one of the friends of the Rev. Edward Irving; subsequently he joined the Church of England. Acting on a suggestion of several clergymen, he in 1839 began a library for the use of theological students. It was at first named the Clerical Library and afterwards the Metropolitan Library. Every subscriber of one guinea was to have the privilege of borrowing from the library any volume he pleased, and subscribers were also entitled to make use of the reading-room as a kind of club, with papers, reviews, and magazines being supplied. The Clerical Library was not successful as a business, and Darling returned to work as a bookseller.
Darling died at his residence, Fortess Terrace West, Kentish Town, London, on 2 March 1862.

## Works

Darling compiled in 1843 the ‘Bibliotheca Clericalis, or the Catalogue of the Books in the Clerical Library and Reading Rooms, 21, 22, and 23 Little Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields,’ a volume of 316 pages, giving an abstract of the contents of all the major works. In 1851 he brought out the first part of the ‘Cyclopædia Bibliographica, or Library Manual of Theological and General Literature: Authors,’ a rival to the works of Robert Watt and William Thomas Lowndes. The first part, ‘Authors,’ was completed in 1854. It contains the names of notable theological authors, gives a short biographical or descriptive notice of their writings, and then an analysis of each volume. The second volume appeared in 1859. It contained ‘Subjects,’ and gave an account of works bearing on the scriptures, a list of commentators on every book, and a list of all the sermons on every verse of the Bible. Darling had then an assistant in his son. A promised third volume of ‘General Subjects in Theology’ was never published. Another work bearing his name is ‘Catalogue of Books belonging to Sir William Heathcote at Hursley Park, 1834,’ lithographed in imitation of manuscript.
# James Gillespie (minister)

James Gillespie FRSE (1722–1791) was a Scottish minister and theologian. He was Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1779. He was a cofounder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783.

## Life

He was the son of Rev James Gillespie, minister of Arngask.
He was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Perth in August 1745. He became a chaplain at Melvil then was ordained at Abdie in March 1747. He was translated to Dunbarney in March 1751. In November 1757 he was made second charge at St Andrews, becoming first charge in 1765. In November 1768 the university awarded him an honorary doctorate (DD).
In 1779 he became Principal of St Mary's College in St Andrews University, replacing the Very Rev Prof James Murison. He was elected Moderator in the same year. In 1786 he was made a Chaplain to the King at the Chapel Royal.
He died on 2 June 1791. He is buried in the graveyard of St Andrews Cathedral. The grave lies to the south-west of the central tower.

## Family

His brother Rev Laurence Gillespie was minister of Auchtermuchty.
He married twice, firstly in 1748 to Isobel Dick, daughter of Rev William Dick of Cupar, and had at least nine children. Following Isobel's death in 1770, in 1772 he married Jean Fortoun (d.1810) with whom he had at least four more children.
He was father of Jane Gillespie and Robert Gillespie Smyth WS.
# James Fiennes

James Fiennes may refer to:
* James Fiennes, 1st Baron Saye and Sele (c. 1395–1450)
* James Fiennes, 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele (c. 1602–1674), MP for Banbury
# List of British Rail unbuilt locomotive classes

There have been a number of TOPS class numbers assigned to proposed locomotives in the UK that have not been built for one reason or another.

## Diesel locomotives
### Type 1 locomotives

* Class 18 – A proposed new Type 1 locomotive proposed in the mid 1980s. A 1988 proposal was for a 6-wheeled 800 hp locomotive with a maximum speed of 50 mph, similar in concept to Class 14. No prototype was constructed.

### Type 3 locomotives

* Class 38 – Projected classification for new generation of Type 3 freight locomotives in the 1980s. The Class 38 was dropped in favour of the Class 60.

### Type 4 locomotives

* Class 41 – The third use of Class 41 was for a proposed class of Class 60 locomotives with 2,500 hp engines in the early 1990s.
* Class 48 – The second use of Class 48 was a proposal for a new class of locomotive for the 1990s, with gearing differences for slower freight work or higher speed loco-hauled for InterCity or parcels trains. The proposal included using proven technology for engines and electrical systems to avoid lengthy introduction and development costs associated with developing new technology.

### Type 5 locomotives

* Class 51 – Projected classification for the proposed "Super Deltic" locomotive intended as a follow on from the Class 50 and Class 55.
* Class 62 – Projected classification for proposed Type 5 coal train locomotives in the early 1990s.
* Class 65 – Projected classification for proposed 4,000 hp freight working locomotive intended for liner trains.

## Electro-diesel locomotives

* Class 75 – Spare classification for projected "super electro-diesel" follow on from Class 73 and Class 74.

## Electric locomotives

* Class 88 – The first use of Class 88 was for a proposed electric version of the Class 58, powered through 25 kV AC from overhead wire.
* Class 93 – Proposed electric locomotive for use on the West Coast Main Line as part of the InterCity 250 project.
# The Histronic

The Histronic is an electronic music and livetronica band based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. The current members are Mike Moilanen (guitar) and Kevin Dorsey (keyboard).

## History

Formerly a live electro trio, The Histronic now features the duo of: DJ and guitarist Mike Moilanen, and DJ and keyboard player Kevin Dorsey. Dorsey is a founding member of the group, a graduate of the University of Denver's Lamont School of music, and the owner of a recording studio in Plymouth, Minnesota (Milkhouse Productions). Mike Moilanen is the resident Saturday night DJ at the 414 Soundbar club in Minneapolis, a fixture in the house music scene in Minneapolis, and a producer of house, deep house, and tech house.
The Histronic has played festivals such as: 10,000 Lakes Festival, Harvest Fest, Summer Dance (at Nelson Ledges Quarry Park), and Fat Fest. The band has performed alongside national acts such as: EOTO, Lotus, Particle, Motet Trio, Flaming Lips, Phil Lesh and Friends, George Clinton and P Funk; Medeski, Scofield, Martin, & Wood; Michael Franti & Spearhead, DJ Harry, The Allmighty Senators, Spam Allstars, Darkstar Orchestra, Wookiefoot, Kinetix, Omaur Bliss, Yoni, Mike Moilanen, Sol Spectre, Papadosio, Aleph-1, Shoeless Revolution, Jeff Bujak, Digital Frontier, MO2- Mind Orchestra, and Steez.

## Style

The Histronic spins house, deep house, tech house, techno, breakbeat, dubstep, and nu disco. They also add instruments such as analog synthesizers, Hammond organs, and guitars to their show.

## Discography

* The Histronic (self-released, 2008)
* Live Cuts Volume Two (2008)
* Live Cuts Volume One (2007)

## Press reviews

According to an article in Jambands.com in 2008:
   This formula—two for the body, one for the head—works. It works so well I’m willing to type that this is the best jamband album I have heard in 2008. And next year, with Phish injecting a whale-load of spunk into the jamband scene, the Histronic will hopefully capitalize and bring their brand of jam to a theater near you.
The band has also been reviewed in the Duluth Budgeteer Review (July 10, 2008) and Volume One Magazine Review (November 20, 2008).
# Operation Geranium

Operation Geranium was a U.S. Army mission that dumped more than 3,000 tons of the chemical agent lewisite into the ocean off the Florida coast in 1948.

## Operation

Operation Geranium occurred from 15 – 20 December 1948 and involved the dumping of approximately 3,150 tons of stockpiled lewisite into the Atlantic Ocean. "Geranium" was so called because lewisite has an odor reminiscent of geraniums. The materials dumped consisted of two types of bulk container, 60 were of the M14 variety, and another 3,700 bulk containers were dumped as well. The lewisite was shipped to Charleston from the Gulf Chemical Warfare Depot. The lewisite was then loaded aboard a World War II merchant ship, the SS Joshua Alexander. The lewisite was then dumped, at sea, 300 miles off the coast of Florida.

## Dumping

Sea dumping was used by the U.S. Army to dispose of World War II lewisite stocks prior to Geranium. One such dumping operation was reported on by The New York Times in 1946, 10,000 tons of lewisite was dumped about 160 miles (260 km) off the Charleston, South Carolina coast. Before Operation Geranium, however, lewisite dumping was mostly accomplished by simply dropping loose munitions overboard. In this operation, the Army loaded the merchant hulk with the lewisite containers, sailed the vessel out to sea and then scuttled the ship with the munitions aboard. Most of the 20,000 tons of lewisite produced during World War II by the U.S. was disposed of by dumping at sea. This method of operation and disposal was not used again for some time, though the Army did employ it again.
# Psychoda alternata

Psychoda alternata is a species of moth fly in the family Psychodidae, commonly known as the trickling filter fly or drain fly. The larva is semiaquatic and lives in the gelatinous ooze associated with leaks of sewage effluent, drains, and in trickling filter systems.

## Description

The adult female fly is about 4 mm (0.2 in) long, the male being slightly smaller. The wings are broad and held at an angle away from the body. They are clad with dense tufts of hairlike scales along the veins, and are grey, with a mottled appearance. The wing muscles are relatively weak and the insects mostly run or hop, occasionally making short flights. The males hatch first and only survive for a few days, while unmated females may live for a week.

## Distribution and habitat

Originating in North America, this insect has spread around the world. Its range includes Europe, western Asia and South America. It had become established in Britain by 2000, in Brazil by 2006, in Norway by 2011, in Iraq and Croatia by 2013 and in Spain by 2016. The larvae develop in moist areas rich in organic matter such as drains and trickling filter systems, but also in ditches and sludges of decaying organic matter. The adult insects seldom move far from where they were hatched.

## Life cycle

The eggs are laid in the moist places in which the larvae will feed. Up to 100 are laid by the female, sometimes singly, but usually in gelatinous batches of 15 to 40. The eggs are translucent and under a millimetre in diameter. They hatch in about two days at 70 °F (21 °C). The larvae are slender, whitish, cream or pale brown, with a head with strong jaws, 11 body segments, and siphons on the hindermost two segments. The larval stage lasts for about 15 days at 70 °F, and it is in the larval stage that the insect will usually overwinter, in diapause. The pupae are yellowish brown to brown and have a pair of ear-like respiratory processes on the head end. The pupal stage lasts for one or two days. Both larvae and pupae are usually to be found in the top 2.5 cm (1 in) of the substrate, sometimes deeper than this when the material is fairly dry.

## Ecology

A trickling filter system is a form of biological treatment widely used to process sewage. The sewage or other wastewater flows downwards over a medium such as gravel which is supported on a permeable membrane. In the medium live over 200 species of bacteria, algae, worms, protozoa, and insects including larvae of the drain fly; together these organisms form a biofilm which processes the fluid passing through the filter system and removes pollutants.
# Orthodes detracta

Orthodes detracta, the disparaged arches, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Orthodes detracta is 10288.
# Luao River

The Luao River forms part of the boundary between Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is a right tributary of the Kasai River.

## Location

The Luao River flows from south to north along the border between Moxico Province of Angola and Lualaba Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It flows between the towns of Luau in Angola and Dilolo in the DRC.

## Border settlement

The border agreement between Portugal and Belgium of 25 May 1891 defined part of the border as being a tributary of the Kasai up to Lago Dilolo. However, it was discovered that Lago Dilolo drained southeast into the Zambezi watershed rather than north to the Kasai. The Portuguese claimed that the Luao tributary of the Kasai should be taken as the boundary, while the Belgians were in favor of the Luacano River, a tributary of the Kasai farther to the west. Eventually Belgium ceded a large area west of the Luau River in an exchange of territories agreed on 22 July 1927. In return for the "Dilolo Hook", Belgium gained a smaller area to the northwest which opened an easier railway route from Matadi to Léopoldville.

## Railway bridge

A bridge carries the Benguela railway and the EN230 highway across the river between Luau and Dililo. The Benguela railway, built by a subsidiary of Tanganyika Concessions, was completed from Lobito on the Atlantic coast to Dilolo in August 1928. It took another 22 months to complete the 324 miles (521 km) line from Dilolo to Tenke, where it connected with the Katanga network run by the Compagnie du chemin de fer du bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK). The line was officially opened on 1 July 1931.
# Kərəmli

Kərəmli may refer to:
* Kərəmli, Goygol, Azerbaijan
* Kərəmli, Kalbajar, Azerbaijan
# Toci (disambiguation)

Toci was a deity in the pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. Toci may also refer to
* Toçi, an Albanian surname
* Crkveni Toci, a village in Serbia
* Zabrdnji Toci, a village in Serbia
# Scymnus uncus

Scymnus uncus is a species of dusky lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is found in North America.
# Oscar Roeser House

The Oscar Roeser House is a historic house in Grand Island, Nebraska. It was built by Henry Falldorf in 1908 for Oscar Roeser, a businessman from Michigan who lived here with his wife, née Minnie Stolley, and their son, Oscar. Roeser was of German descent, and he joined the Liederkranz in Grand Island. His house was designed in the Classical Revival style by Thomas Rogers Kimball. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since June 25, 1982.
# Osano

Osano is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Curtis Osano (born 1987), Kenyan footballer
* Jacob Osano (born 1994), Kenyan footballer
* Thomas Osano (born 1970), Kenyan long-distance runner
# Origes

Origes is a genus of South American huntsman spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1897. As of September 2019 it contains three species, found in Ecuador, Peru, and Argentina: O. chloroticus, O. nigrovittatus, and O. pollens. O. chloroticus may be misplaced in this genus and family.
# Osse Stream

The Osse Stream or Osse Ditch, otherwise known as the Appleton Brook, is a small stream in the Vale of White Horse in Oxfordshire (historically in Berkshire).
The stream is a tributary of the River Ock, with its confluence near Marcham Mill. The stream rises at a pond in Cumnor, flowing past Besselsleigh, Appleton, Fyfield, Frilford and Marcham.

## Name

The hydronym Osse appears to be derived from the Old English word Wase, meaning 'mud'.
# Ossein

Ossein is the organic extracellular matrix of bone, which is made of 95% collagen. This substance is used in industry for the production of gelatin and bone glue.
In the early 20th century, bones were found to consist of three types of proteins: ossein (collagens), osseomucoid (proteoglycans) and osseoalbuminoid (elastin). Advances in molecular biology rendered these terms obsolete.

## Applications

When processed industrially, 1,000 kg of bones yield 300 kg of ossein, which can be rapidly degraded and partially denatured by the prolonged action of slightly acidic boiling water, yielding gelatin. The product is specifically known as ossein gelatin in contrast to skin gelatin, which is generated from animal hides. Depending on the method of extraction, there are various types of ossein gelatin (acid ossein gelatin, limed ossein gelatin, etc.).
Another prominent use of ossein is the production of bone glue, whose yield is 16-20% of the mass of dry bone. Bones that are unsuitable for ossein production are carbonized to generate bone char.

### Extraction methods

Ossein can be isolated by treating bones with hydrochloric acid, which dissolves the inorganic matrix (calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate). The process was discovered no later than 15th century but only really spread in the 18th century, after Glauber's publications. The resulting liquor carrying calcium chloride and phosphoric acid may then be treated with calcium hydroxide to recover dicalcium phosphate for fertilizers or animal feed supplement.
However, the most popular technique of treating the bone meal is steaming or boiling. This process requires no acid but much more energy and may also produce tricalcium phosphate. As an alternative, the deproteinized bone residue left after the removal of ossein can be used to produce bone ash for the manufacture of bone china.
# Osiedle Jaroszówka, Białystok

Jaroszówka is one of the districts of the Polish city of Białystok. It is a suburban dormitory district with low buildings, mainly detached houses.

## History

In 1945 in Pietrasze Forest which is located within the district's boundaries, an Internal Security Corps (KWB) firing range was established. At least one death sentence was publicly executed there, Mieczysław Kaźmierski nicknamed "Hurricane", which deserted the KBW and joined the anti government guerrilla unit of Capt. Romuald Rajs "Burego". Kaźmierski was tied to a tree, and fifteen random soldiers, colleagues of the convict, were selected for the firing squad. None of the soldiers fired a lethal shot. Shots from handguns were shot by the commanding chief of the regiment's staff of execution. It is highly probable that the corpse of the executed was buried on the spot. An unconfirmed account also shows that the body of Capt. Władysław Łukasiuk "Młot" and another soldier of the anti-communist underground, unknown by name. Nowadays the area is publicly available and the remains of the shooting range are visible.
# Orphan of Asia

Orphan of Asia (Japanese: アジアの孤児) is a Japanese-language novel written by Taiwanese writer Wu Cho-liu at the end of World War II, completed in 1945. This work is considered a significant piece in the history of Taiwanese literature, as Wu Cho-liu wrote it while living in Japanese-ruling Taiwan, facing the constant surveillance of the Japanese police, risking his life.

## Plot

The novel tells the story of Hu Tai-ming, a Taiwanese intellectual who struggles with his identity as both Japanese and Chinese. Hu Tai-ming is educated in both traditional Chinese and Japanese schools, and he eventually becomes a schoolteacher. During his tenure as a teacher, he falls in love with a Japanese colleague, facing obstacles from the school and rejection due to racial differences. Experiencing racial discrimination in both emotional and professional aspects, he resigns from his teaching position and decides to study in Japan. However, in Japan, his Taiwanese identity leads to suspicion from Chinese students, who suspect him of being a spy. Subsequently, Hu teaches in Nanking, China, but is arrested by the police due to his Taiwanese identity. The novel concludes with Hu returning to Taiwan, profoundly affected by the extreme policies implemented by the Japanese government during the war, ultimately leading to his collapse.

## Reception

Taiwanese writer Yeh Shih-tao has said that Wu Cho-liu's Orphan of Asia "captures all aspects of Taiwanese society, and reveals the sorrows and joys of Taiwanese people, as well as their tortuous fate. It also has a rich local color and points to the Taiwanese people's will, the path they should take, and their future fate." The novel is a powerful depiction of the sense of alienation and despair felt by Taiwanese youth under Japanese colonial rule. It also reveals the complex and tragic history of Taiwan.
Taiwanese scholar Chen Wan-yi (陳萬益) has said that the novel, through the experiences of the protagonist Hu Tai-ming, vividly depicts the sense of isolation felt by Taiwanese people during the Japanese ruling period who were caught between Japan and China.