OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Redwood Smith

William Redwood Smith (1851 – October 18, 1935) was a justice of the Kansas Supreme Court from January 9, 1899 to July 1, 1905.

## Early life, education, and career

Born in Illinois, Smith came to Kansas with his parents in 1858 and settled on a farm in Jefferson County. Two years later the family moved to Atchison, Kansas. Smith graduated from Kenyon College in Ohio, in 1872, and from the University of Michigan Law School in 1874. He then opened a law office at Atchison, and built up a lucrative practice, also serving for a time as the county attorney. In 1892 he moved to Kansas City, Kansas, and with two other prominent lawyers, also formerly of Atchison, opened the law office of Mills, Wells & Smith. When Wells retired, it became Mills, Smith & Hobbs, until Smith retired from practice in 1898 to take a position on the state supreme court.

## Judicial service and later life

Smith was nominated for a seat on the Kansas Supreme Court by the Kansas Republican Party, at the Hutchinson convention of 1898, without any opposition to speak of. He won the general elected by a large majority, and in 1904 was re-elected to another term, "by the biggest vote ever given a state officer in Kansas". He resigned from the court in 1905 to become the general counsel for the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Governor Edward W. Hoch replaced Smith on the court with Silas Wright Porter, reasoning that because Smith was from Wyandotte County, his successor should be appointed from that county.
Smith remained in that position with the railway company until his retirement in 1933, necessitated by declining health.

## Personal life and death

Smith was a lover of cats, owning so many that at one point a neighbor persuaded the Topeka City Council to enact a limit on the number of cats allowed in one household. Smith fought the ordinance, which was eventually invalidated by the state supreme court.
Smith died in his home in Topeka, Kansas, at the age of 84.
# Ricoh G700

The Ricoh G700 and Ricoh G700SE are tough digital compact cameras made by Ricoh. They are marked out by meeting high industrial standards for protection against ingress of dust, water, and for its toughness against drops. They can be cleaned with ethanol and hypochlorous acid-based disinfectants, making them suitable for medical environments requiring high standards of hygiene. Their large buttons are designed for use with gloved hands.
The camera can be password-protected at several different levels, and has a facility in conjunction with a desktop software to allow image tampering to be detected. The camera can also read barcodes and store the obtained information as a "memo" in image EXIF headers.

## G700SE

The Ricoh G700SE was announced on September 21, 2010. This model adds wireless LAN and Bluetooth connectivity, and allows for attachment and connectivity with a specific laser barcode reading or GPS accessory.

## Ruggedness

Both cameras, when used without accessories, withstand drops from 2 meters even while switched on, and immersion in water to a depth of 5 meters for up to two hours.
With the laser barcode reader or GPS accessory attached, the G700SE is only certified as splashproof. With either the optional wide angle adapter or laser barcode reader (G700SE only) attached, shock protection declines to 1.5 meters, and with the GPS unit to 1.2 meters.
# Huai Wang

Huai Wang (King/Prince Huai or King/Prince of Huai) may refer to:
* King Huai of Chu (died 296 BC), ruler of Chu during the Warring States period
* Emperor Yi of Chu (died 206 BC), also known as King Huai of Chu, ruler of Chu during the Qin–Han transition
* Liu Zun (died 68 BC), ruler of Zhao during the Han dynasty, posthumously known as King Huai of Zhao
* Liu Bian (176–190), Han dynasty emperor, posthumously known as Prince Huai of Hongnong
* Cao Xuan (Cao Cao's son) (fl. 210s), Cao Wei prince, posthumously known as Prince Huai of Jiyang
* Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür (1304–1332), Yuan dynasty emperor, known as Prince of Huai (懷王) before he became emperor
* Zhu Changqing (died 1649), Southern Ming emperor, known as Prince of Huai (淮王) before he became emperor
# Kula (unit)

A kula is an obsolete unit of measurement.
* In India, it was a unit of land area. After metrication in the mid-20th century, the unit became obsolete.
* In Morocco, it was a unit of mass equal to 22 rotal, or 11.165 kg (24.61458 lb)
# Skeet River

The Skeet River is a river of the Tasman Region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows northeast from the Wharepapa / Arthur Range, reaching the Baton River 15 kilometres northwest of Tapawera.
# Lakeland Maze Farm Park

Lakeland Maze Farm Park is an outdoor attraction and maze located near Kendal in England, UK.

## History

The first maze was created in 2005. In 2021, the maze was moved to a new field.

## Theme

| Year | Theme | Notes |
| 2015 | Dinosaurs | |
| 2017 | Star Wars | |
| 2018 | Owl | |
| 2019 | Space | |
| 2020 | Alice in Wonderland | For the 200th anniversary of the birth of John Tenniel |
| 2021 | Sunflower | |
# Joppatowne High School

Joppatowne High School is a high school in Joppatowne, Harford County, Maryland, United States.

## History

Joppatowne High School was established in 1973.

### Homeland Security program

In August 2007, Joppatowne became the first high school to specialize in teaching skills useful to the industries serving U.S. Homeland Security. Mother Jones magazine reported that, funded by government agencies as well as defense firms, students in the school's "Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness magnet program will study cybersecurity and geospatial intelligence, respond to mock terror attacks, and receive limited security clearances at the nearby Army chemical warfare lab." The school is also expected to offer lessons in Arabic and other languages useful to current US homeland security interests. The graduating class of 2010 featured the Homeland Security program's first graduates.

### 2024 shooting

Around 12:36 pm on September 6, 2024, a 16-year-old Joppatowne student shot a 15-year-old classmate during an altercation in a bathroom. The suspect fled the school and was caught shortly after in a nearby apartment complex, however no gun was found. The shooting was described as an "isolated incident". The victim was flown to a hospital with serious injuries, and died soon after arrival. The suspect will be tried as an adult.

## Location

Joppatowne High School is located on 555 Joppa Farm Road in Joppa, Maryland. The school is in the southwest corner of Harford County, just south of U.S. Route 40. The school borders the districts of Fallston High School and Edgewood High School.

## Sports

* Fall: American football, cheerleading, boys' and girls' soccer, field hockey, cross-country, golf, boys and girls volleyball
* Winter: Boys' and girls' basketball, cheerleading, swimming, wrestling
* Spring: Track and field, boys' and girls' lacrosse, tennis, baseball, softball

## Notable alumni

* Richard K. Impallaria, State Delegate.
* John R. Thomas, Jay Thomas, class of 1985, is a professor of law at Georgetown University.
* Wendy Davis, class of 1984, works as an actress in Hollywood. Her latest project is the Lifetime series Army Wives. She has also appeared in episodes of Grey's Anatomy, Cold Case, Coach and many other shows. She was a regular in the series The New WKRP in Cincinnati and High Incident.
* Thori Staples played on the US National women's soccer team.
* Jeremy Navarre, Former, defensive end for the Arizona Cardinals; former defensive end at the University of Maryland.
* Ron Stallings, class of 2001, Professional Mixed Martial Arts fighter, a Strikeforce veteran and current UFC fighter, Born and raised in Joppatowne Maryland, Attended and graduated from JHS, currently trains with Team Lloyd Irvin in Prince George's County and runs a school in Bel Air, MD
# Hausbergen

Hausbergen is a natural region and historic territory in Alsace now divided between three communes of Greater Strasbourg intercommunal structure:
* Niederhausbergen (lower Hausbergen)
* Mittelhausbergen (middle or central Hausbergen)
* Oberhausbergen (upper Hausbergen).
It was the site of the Battle of Hausbergen in 1262, after which Strasbourg became a Free imperial city.
The Hausbergen hills, overlooking the Rhine valley on the east and touching the Kochersberg hills in the west, are located on the territories of the three villages and extend to Mundolsheim. Their peaks culminate at 186 m (610 ft) (Holderberg), 184 m (604 ft) (Pfaffenberg) and 181 m (594 ft) (Alterberg).
# Volvarina barbierorum

Volvarina barbierorum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines.
# William Shear

William Albert Shear (born 1942) is Trinkle Professor Emeritus at Hampden-Sydney College, Virginia. He is a spider and myriapod expert who has published more than 200 scientific articles primarily on harvestman and millipede taxonomy.
He was born in Coudersport, Pennsylvania, completed his undergraduate work at College of Wooster, masters at the University of New Mexico, and PhD at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University under the supervision of Herbert Walter Levi.
While at Harvard, Shear completed a revision of the millipede family Cleidogonidae and reclassification of the order Chordeumatida. He is an expert in Paleozoic arthropods, and has published several papers on fossil millipedes, centipedes, and spiders. A number of species are named after him, including Hypochilus sheari Platnick, 1987 and Brachoria sheari Marek, 2010.
Shear is a lifetime appointee as Senior Scientific Associate at the Virginia Museum of Natural History and is a research associate at the American Museum of Natural History and Museum of Comparative Zoology.
He lives in Farmville, Virginia, and is an avid iris gardener and Godan (fifth degree black belt) in Shōrin-ryū Shōrinkan traditional Okinawan karate.
His zoological author abbreviation is Shear.
# Rizwan Butt

Rizwan Butt is a Pakistani singer-songwriter and musician. He is best known as a lead vocalist and guitarist of music reality series Nescafé Basement. With the career over decade Butt has collaborated with many artists as their music director and debut as a singer in 2012. He marked his Coke Studio debut as a featured artist in season 9, as a part team Shani Arshad.

## Filmography

ACTOR 2007

### Discography

* "Gharoli"
* "Ali Maula"
* "Tere Ishq Mein"
* "Bhangi"
* "Piya Tori Yaad"
* "Inteha-e-Ishq"
# Huai Rai railway station

Huai Rai railway station is a railway station located in Huai Rai Subdistrict, Den Chai District, Phrae. It is located 521.485 km from Bangkok railway station and is a class 3 railway station. It is on the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand.
# Older Peron

The Older Peron was the name for a period identified in 1961 as an episode of a global sea-level (i.e. eustatic) high-stand during the Holocene Epoch. Modern understanding of the various factors involved in quantifying eustatic sea level, particularly processes relating to ocean siphoning and glacio-hydro-isostatic adjustment, claim that such previous instances of purported high-stands were not globally coherent, and do not constitute episodes of eustatic sea level higher than present.
# Vince Irie

Vince Irie is a singer-songwriter born and raised on Aruba. Vince Irie gained notoriety in The Netherlands when he appeared on the 4th season of The Voice of Holland in 2014. Since then he has released the singles Ik Wil Jou, Prachtig, Unfaithful and Take It Easy
Vince has also been an active member of the FPV Drone racing community, participating in international races like DRL and DR1.
# Skeetawk

Skeetawk is a nonprofit ski area in the Matanuska-Susitna Borough of Alaska. The borough approved a 40-year lease for the land in 2020. Its first lift, a triple chair, became operational in June, 2020. It was named for the Athabaskan word Shk’ituk’t, meaning ‘the place where we slide down’.
# Total shareholder return

Total shareholder return (TSR) (or simply total return) is a measure of the performance of different companies' stocks and shares over time. It combines share price appreciation and dividends paid to show the total return to the shareholder expressed as an annualized percentage. It is calculated by the growth in capital from purchasing a share in the company assuming that the dividends are reinvested each time they are paid. This growth is expressed as a percentage as the compound annual growth rate.
The main benefit of TSR is that it allows the performance of shares to be compared even though some of the shares may have a high growth and low dividends and others may have low growth and high dividends.
Most stock market indices only use the growth of the prices of the companies making up the index. However, when they use TSR for the companies it is called a total return index or accumulation index. For example, corresponding to the S&P 500 index calculated by Standard and Poor's, there is the S&P 500 TR index.
In the technology sector, a study has found that regardless of a company's size, the more diverse the portfolio, the more difficult it is to generate high TSR.
In practice TSR is difficult to calculate since it involves knowing the price of the shares at the time the dividends are paid. However, as an approximation over one year it can be calculated as follows with:
$Price_{begin}$ = share price at beginning of year,
$Price_{end}$ = share price at end of year,
Dividends = dividends paid over year and
TSR = total shareholder return, TSR is computed as
$TSR={(Price_{end}-Price_{begin}+Dividends)}/{Price_{begin}}$
# Robert Clothier (politician)

Robert Ernest Clothier (26 March 1877 – 31 May 1964) was an Australian politician. Born in Queensland, he received a primary education before becoming a bookmaker. Moving to Perth, Western Australia, he became a foreman at a boot factory and secretary of the Bootmakers' Union. In 1933 he was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Maylands, holding the seat until 1936. In 1937, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Labor Senator for Western Australia. He was defeated in 1949 after he was demoted on the ticket to make way for union secretary Don Willesee. Clothier died in 1964.

## Early life

Clothier was born on 26 March 1877 in Bulimba, Queensland, the son of Clara (née Pashew) and Frederick Robert Clothier. His father, born in Glasgow, was a stonemason.
Clothier grew up in Brisbane, attending a state school in Coorparoo. He served an apprenticeship with a Danish bootmaker and later worked in Edward Thomas Neighbour's boot factory in Fortitude Valley, where his supervisor was his future Senate colleague Joe Collings. Clothier moved to Western Australia in 1904, attracted by better economic conditions. He took up a selection and farmed wheat for a period, but subsequently returned to Perth where he became the foreman of the Berryman & Co. boot factory and secretary of the Bootmakers' Union.

## State politics

Clothier was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly at the 1933 state election, defeating incumbent Nationalist state government minister and former ALP premier John Scaddan. He was defeated after a single term at the 1936 election, losing to independent candidate Harry Hearn.

## Federal politics

At the 1937 federal election, Clothier was elected to a six-year Senate term beginning on 1 July 1938. Senate along with two other ALP candidates, James Cunningham and James Fraser.

## Personal life

Clothier married Ethel Gluyas in 1905, with whom he had a son and a daughter. He was widowed in 1961, and was also predeceased by his son. He died at Royal Perth Hospital on 31 May 1964 and was cremated at Karrakatta Cemetery.
# Källargränd

Källargränd is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden, connecting Slottsbacken, the slope south of the Royal Palace, to the square Stortorget. It forms a parallel street to Trångsund and is intercepted by Trädgårdsgatan.
The alley is named after the former tavern Storkällaren ("Great basement"), which in its turn derived its name from the nearby cathedral Storkyrkan. The tavern was located under the town house, where the present Stock Exchange Building is found. The town hall was relocated to the Bonde Palace at Riddarhustorget in 1730, and when the old building was demolished in 1767, the tavern moved to Svartmangatan. The name of the alley survived in various forms: Stora Källaregränden, St. Källarbrinken (1733), Stora Kiällare-Gränden (1740) and Källar-Gränd (1855). A new tavern was opened when the stock exchange was inaugurated, and this remained in business until 1906.
The Swedish Academy and the Nobel Library are on number 4.
Two sandstone sculptures, Hoppet ("Hope") and Försiktighet ("Guardedness") by Kortz Daniel from 1702 are located in the alley.
# William Robert Spence

William Robert Locke Spence, CBE, (9 October 1875 – 3 March 1954) was a British politician.
Born in Cockpen in Midlothian, Spence was educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh. When he was fifteen, he became an apprentice sailor, and joined the National Sailors' and Firemen's Union (NSFU). He served in the Merchant Navy for many years, becoming an officer. However, in 1911, he became a strong supporter of the sailors' case in the strike. He resigned his commission, and devoted all his time to trade unionism.
In 1911, Spence began working full-time as an official of the NSFU, based on shore, initially in South Shields, and later in various ports in the south of England. In 1928, he was elected as the union's general secretary, and from 1931 to 1941, he additionally served on the General Council of the Trades Union Congress.
Spence was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1937. During World War II, he was a member of the Advisory Council to the Ministry of Shipping. He retired in 1942, settling in Shoreham-by-Sea.
# Huai Prefecture

Huaizhou or Huai Prefecture (懷州) was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China centering on modern Qinyang, Jiaozuo, Henan, China. It existed (intermittently) from 467 to 1257.

## Geography

The administrative region of Huaizhou in the Tang dynasty falls within modern Henan. It probably includes parts of modern:
* Under the administration of Jiaozuo, Henan:
** Jiaozuo: Jiefang District, Shanyang District, Zhongzhan District, Macun District
** Qinyang
** Xiuwu County
** Wuzhi County
** Bo'ai County
* Under the administration of Xinxiang, Henan:
** Huojia County
Between 619 and 621 during the Tang dynasty, the headquarter was temporarily moved west to Jiyuan, Henan.
# Shapang

Shapang is a town in Trashigang District in eastern Bhutan.
# Skolteneset

Skolteneset (Scull Cape) is a headland of Sørkappøya, Svalbard. It has a length of about one kilometer and is the northernmost point of the island. It marks the southern entry of the large bay Sommerfeldtbukta. The headland is named from the discovery of human skulls at the site during an expedition in 1920.
# Joseph Charles André d'Arbaud de Jouques

Joseph Charles André, baron d'Arbaud de Jouques, dit marquis d'Arbaud-Jouques (1769–1849) was a French aristocrat, military officer and public official.

## Early life

Joseph Charles André d'Arbaud de Jouques was born on 11 May 1769 in Aix-en-Provence. His father, André-Elzéard d'Arbaud de Jouques II (1737-1793), inherited the marquisates of Jouques and Mison and served as the Président à mortier in the Parlement of Aix-en-Provence. His mother was Gabrielle Thérèse de Milan-Forbin. He grew up in the Hôtel d'Arbaud-Jouques located at 19 on the Cours Mirabeau, listed as monument historique since 1990.

## Career

D'Arbaud de Jouques joined the Knights Hospitaller in February 1791. Opposed to the French Revolution of 1789, he served in the Army of Condé to overthrow the French Directory and, after the 18 Brumaire of 1799, he received the Cross of the Order of Saint Louis and the Knighthood of the Legion of Honour from Napoleon. He also became a Baron of the First French Empire.
D'Arbaud de Jouques was close to Joseph Fouché (1759–1820), who encouraged him to accept public offices.
D'Arbaud de Jouques served as under-Prefet of Aix-en-Provence from 1806 to 1813, following by Prefect of Hautes-Pyrénées from 1813 to 1814, Prefect of Charente-Maritime from 1814 to 1815, Prefect of the Gard from 1815 to 1817, Prefect of the Côte-d'Or from 1823 to 1829, and Prefect of the Bouches-du-Rhône from 1829 to 1830. He also served as a Conseiller d'Etat.
D'Arbaud de Jouques became a member of the Académie des belles-lettres, sciences et arts de La Rochelle in 1814.

## Personal life and death

D'Arbaud de Jouques married Joséphine Marie Charlotte de Rafélis, daughter of Joseph-Marie de Rafélis (1714–1774). They had one son and two daughters:
* Jean Philippe Joseph André d'Arbaud de Jouques (1804-unknown).
* Augustine Marie Alexandrine Elisabeth d'Arbaud de Jouques. She married Oswald d'Arnaud, son of Eugène François d'Arnauld (1774–1854).
* Caroline Elzéarine Alexandrine d'Arbaud de Jouques (1808–1869). She married Armand Sabatier (1804–1873).
He died on 5 June 1849 in Aix-en-Provence.
# Robert Beattie

Robert Beattie may refer to:
* Robert Beattie (writer), American 21st century lawyer and author
* Robert Ethelbert Beattie (1875–1925), Canadian politician and pharmacist
* Robert M. Beattie (born 1962), British paediatric gastroenterologist
* Robert Beattie (rugby union) (born 1993), Scottish rugby player
* Bobby Beattie (Robert Beattie, 1916–2002), Scottish footballer
# Tanga Islands

The Tanga Islands are an island group in Papua New Guinea, located north-east of New Ireland and part of the Bismarck Archipelago. Tanga is made up of four main islands — Boang, Malendok, Lif and Tefa — and a number of smaller, uninhabited islands. Boang (ca. 27 km$^2$) consists entirely of a raised, relatively flat-topped plateau of Pleistocene, coralline limestone, which rises up to 170 m above sea level (asl.) and has sheer cliffs around a large part of its perimeter. The islands are the remnants of a stratovolcano which collapsed to form a caldera. Lif (283 m), Tefa (155 m), and Malendok (472 m) islands are on the caldera rim, while Bitlik and Bitbok islands are lava domes constructed near the center of the caldera.
They are inhabited by the Tanga people. Former Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Sir Julius Chan and Sumsuma, the leader of the Rabaul Strike of 1929 and Papua New Guinea's First Unionist are from the Tanga Islands.
Secret Societies practiced on the Islands are Sokapana, Tubuan and Ingiet. Mask dances include Lor, Tedak and Kipong are performed during cultural occasions.
# Olmsted Park System

Olmsted Park System may refer to:
* Emerald Necklace, Boston and Brookline, Massachusetts, also known as Olmsted Park System (and listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under that name)
* Parkways of Louisville, Kentucky, also known as Olmsted Park System (and listed on the NRHP under that name)
* Buffalo, New York parks system, known locally as the Olmsted Park System
# Skinder

Skinder is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carla Skinder, American politician
* Monika Skinder (born 2001), Polish cross-country skier
# SunOpta

SunOpta, Inc. is a multi-national food and mineral company headquartered in Eden Prairie, Minnesota and founded in 1973 in Canada.

## Overview

SunOpta offers a wide array of plant-based products and fruit based snacks. These products include soy milk, almond milk, oat milk, tea, broths, and fruit-based snacks. The company produces shelf-stable beverages for retailers as well as branded food companies. The company specializes in sourcing, processing and packaging of natural and organic food products, integrated from seed through packaged products. The company’s core natural and organic food operations focus on grains and fruit based products. In 2007, SunOpta Inc acquired the Dutch organic ingredients trader Tradin Organic.