OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vernal Fall

Vernal Fall is a 317-foot (96.6 m) waterfall on the Merced River just downstream of Nevada Fall in Yosemite National Park, California. Like its upstream neighbor, Vernal Fall is clearly visible at a distance, from Glacier Point, as well as close up, along the Mist Trail. The waterfall flows all year long, although by the end of summer it is substantially reduced in volume and can split into multiple strands, rather than a single curtain of water.

## History
### Etymology

Yan-o-pah (little cloud) was the local name of the fall before it was named "Vernal"- meaning relating to Spring - by Lafayette Bunnell, a member of the Mariposa Battalion in 1851.

## Mist Trail

The trail begins at the Happy Isles trail head in Yosemite Valley and travels generally east-southeast. This is one of the shortest (1.3 mi or 2.1 km) and most popular trails in Yosemite. The trail is mostly shaded and is progressive in incline until it reaches the base of the waterfall where mist sprays onto the hikers.
At times of high flow, mostly in the spring, hikers may be drenched by the time they pass the mist from the waterfall. The final 15 minutes of the trail is a very steep climb up rocks to the top of the waterfall. Once atop the fall there is a pool of water called the Emerald Pool around which hikers lounge and rest. There is also a 20 degree slope of rock with water flowing into the pool called the Silver Apron.

## Hazards

Swimming above Vernal Fall carries a great deal of risk: the rocks are slippery, the river has strong undercurrents that may not be visible from the surface, and tourists have been swept over the fall to their deaths. Though swimming there is illegal and warnings to stay out of the water are clearly posted, several deaths have occurred when visitors entered the water above the fall in the vicinity of the Silver Apron and Emerald Pool. Three people died in a single day, on July 19, 2011, after being swept over Vernal Fall in this manner.

## Postage stamp

The fall is shown in error on a 1932 Philippines stamp. Although the stamp indicates that it depicts Pagsanjan Falls in the Philippines, it in fact shows Vernal Fall.
# Javier Duren

Javier Duren (born July 1, 1993) is an American former professional basketball player. He played for the Yale Bulldogs from 2011 to 2015. He played the point guard position. Between 2019 and 2024, he worked with the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB) in their baseball operations department in various roles including manager of video operations.

## Professional career

In July 2015, Duren was announced as the new point guard of Aris Leeuwarden. He had a career-high 37 points against ZZ Leiden on March 29. Duren eventually became the DBL scoring leader, averaging 17.7 points per game in the 2015–16 season.
On August 11, 2016, he signed with Kaposvári KK in Hungary.
On January 30, 2017, Duren signed with BC Nokia of the Finnish Korisliiga.
On October 21, 2017, Duren was drafted by the Lakeland Magic of the NBA G League. On October 31, 2017, Duren was waived by the Magic after appearing in one preseason game.
# Matteo Loves

Matteo Loves was a painter active in Cento from about 1625 to 1662. Few biographical details are known. It is said he was born in Cologne to an English family, and arrived as a young man in Cento, where he trained with Guercino. Works by Loves can be found in the Pinacoteca of Cento and in the church of San Rocco e San Sebastiano.
# Paul Morawitz

Paul Oskar Morawitz (April 3, 1879 in St. Petersburg – July 1, 1936) was a German internist and physiologist whose most important work was in studying the coagulation of blood.
After completing his medical studies at Leipzig (in 1901) he completed his army service, then joined Dr Ludolf von Krehl in Tübingen as an assistant physician. Krehl inspired Morawitz in his studies of blood-related pathology. In 1907 he completed a dissertation on blood circulation (for his Habilitation), and he was appointed in the same year as chief clinician of the University clinic at Freiburg im Breisgau. He progressed to become the Ordinarius and Director of the Medical inpatients at Greifswald in 1913, and in 1921 he took up a position in Würzburg. Finally, in 1926, he assumed the chair of Medicine in Leipzig. He died aged 57 of a heart attack.
Morawitz was a pioneer in the study of coagulation, and a 1905 landmark paper is still regarded as a springboard for further study of the physiology of blood; he perfected observations made earlier by Alexander Schmidt and described four coagulation factors: fibrinogen (I), prothrombin (II), thrombokinase (III) and calcium (IV). He also pioneered blood transfusion, initially without the benefit of blood typing, and studied angina and the use of quinidine as an antiarrhythmic. He established a blood bank in Leipzig.
He is commemorated by the annual "Paul Morawitz prize" by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (German Cardiological Association).
# Sutherland Hospital

Sutherland Hospital is a district general hospital, It has the part of the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District and is located in Caringbah, a southern suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The hospital has a general medicine, general surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics, aged care, rehabilitation and psychiatry service. It is a teaching hospital of the University of New South Wales.

## History

The hospital was established in 1958 as a four-storey building with 3 wings, in an identical layout to the former Bankstown Hospital, which was constructed at about the same time. The hospital building was allowed to become run-down, and the lack of air conditioning and modern facilities prompted a redevelopment in the early 2000s. A new hospital building was constructed behind the original hospital in 2003–4, with the original hospital later demolished. However the northern end of the building, containing the Emergency Department remains part of the old hospital building, the new building extended onto the old one.

## Transport

Sutherland Hospital can be accessed by bus services, operated by two companies. U-Go Mobility operates routes between Caringbah railway station and Westfield Miranda. Transit Systems services provide a link from Westfield Miranda to Rockdale station.
The hospital lies between two railway stations, Caringbah and Miranda, and the section is one of the longest between stations. A proposed railway station near the hospital has been discussed in the community. A 2002 joint study between Sutherland Shire Council and the State Rail Authority was rejected, and was said to cost about $35 million. In 2014, a proposal for the station costing $20 million was designed, which included two side platforms, street access and a direct ramp to the hospital, and involve an additional minute travel time on the Cronulla railway line.
# Wiltshire Football Association

The Wiltshire Football Association is the governing body of football in the English county of Wiltshire. Affiliated members pay a fee commensurate with the level of competition they play in, and benefit from access to support and guidance on such areas as health and safety, and access to finance or grants. The association is directly responsible for the governance of County Cup competitions.
The association's headquarters are at Green Lane, Devizes, where football pitches and facilities for youth clubs are provided.

## Membership

Clubs based within the Wiltshire county boundaries are eligible for affiliation to the association, including those participating at the higher levels of the Football League system. The council has representation from the six geographic areas of the county, namely North Swindon, South Swindon, South Wilts, East Wilts, West Wilts and North West Wilts.
Swindon Town are the highest-placed affiliated club in the county, playing in League Two (tier 4) of the Football League. Chippenham Town are the next highest ranked affiliate, playing in the National League South (tier 6), followed by Swindon Supermarine and Salisbury in the Southern League (tier 8).
The county is in the catchment area of the Wessex Leagues, Hellenic Leagues and the Western Leagues at tier 9 to 11. The Wiltshire Football League, founded in 1976, is also at tier 11, though this extends beyond the boundaries of the Association, with teams from places such as Frome (Somerset) and Kintbury (Berkshire).

## Leagues and competitions

The Wiltshire League is the county's Senior League and is wholly in the Association's control. Other leagues include Swindon & District League (1891), Salisbury & District League (1892), Trowbridge & District League (1896), Wiltshire County Women's League (2000), Nadder Valley League (1920) and the Inter Dept. Post Office League (1991).
The Wiltshire County Senior Cup, founded in 1886, is the senior knockout competition in the county and is competed by clubs at tier 9–11. The Wiltshire Premier Shield was founded in 1927 and was contested by those teams in higher leagues until recently, when only the top four were invited. There are two other Cup competitions designated as being Senior – the Wiltshire League Senior Cup and the Salisbury Hospital Cup.
There are 22 Junior Cup competitions and 4 League/6 Cup competitions at Youth status. There are 4 League and 19 Minor cup competitions for under-16s. In addition there are 3 Sunday Leagues and 9 Sunday Cup competitions, 2 Women's Leagues and 4 Women's Cup competitions.
# North East District (British Army)

North East District was a district command of the British Army from 1967 and 1992.

## History

The district was formed from 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division as part of the Territorial Army Volunteer Reserve in 1967. It had its headquarters at Imphal Barracks, and was placed under the command of HQ UK Land Forces in 1972. The district merged with Eastern District to form an enlarged Eastern District at Imphal Barracks in 1992.

## Commanders

General officers commanding included:
* 1967–1968 Major-General Rex Whitworth
* 1968–1970 Major-General John Ward-Harrison
* 1970–1973 Major-General Geoffrey Armitage
* 1973 Major-General John Ward-Harrison
* 1973–1976 Major-General Geoffrey Collin
* 1976–1980 Major-General Henry Woods
* 1980–1982 Major-General Ian Baker
* 1982–1984 Major-General Patrick Palmer
* 1984–1986 Major-General Peter Inge
* 1986–1987 Major-General Charles Guthrie
* 1987–1989 Major-General Murray Naylor
* 1989–1991 Major-General Michael Rose
* 1991–1992 Major-General Michael Walker
# Oshirogo

Oshirogo (御城碁 "castle Go") or castle games were official matches of high-level Go played in Japan during the Edo period, usually in the castles of the shōgun. Players were mostly from the four go houses.
Matches were played in the shōgun's presence. With the passage of the years, this became a formality: the players would replay a game that had already been played, and the shōgun would often be represented by an official, rather than attend himself. The games themselves were, though, bitterly contested, since the castle games had a major effect on the prestige of the four houses. Throughout the Tokugawa shogunate there was an ongoing struggle to take control of the official positions of Meijin and godokoro.
Hundreds of game records of the castle games survive; a large collection was edited by Kensaku Segoe.
The game series was suspended in 1862 as the political situation became tense. Apart from one 1863 game between Hayashi Hakuei and Yasui Sanei, it was never resumed.
# Libong

Libong (also Libong I) is a village in the commune of Tignère in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon.

## Population

In 1971, Libong contained 95 inhabitants, mainly Fula people.
At the time of the 2005 census, there were 318 people in the village.
# Shrewsbury, Kentucky

Shrewsbury is a declining rural unincorporated community located within Grayson County, Kentucky, United States.

## History

In 1900, it was a settlement in its own right, but today it seems to be less well-defined, and many maps do not show it. It dates to as early as 1833, and was originally called Territory, but later renamed in honor of Judge James W. Shrewsbury. Its first postmaster was Reuben Tingle. He was succeeded by four others, until 1933, when the post office was closed. The town was incorporated as a Kentucky city in 1895, but lost that status in 1901.

## Geography

The community is located at the junction of Kentucky Routes 187 and 411 in the central portion of Grayson County. The community is located about 7.4 miles (11.9 km) southwest of Leitchfield via KY 187.
# Jean-Jacques Clérion

Jean-Jacques Clérion (16 April 1637 – 28 April 1714) was a French sculptor who worked mainly for King Louis XIV.
Clérion was born in either Aix-en-Provence or Trets. For much of his career he worked on the Chateau de Versailles, including many of the famous garden sculptures, such as the "Apollo Fountain". His admission piece to the Académie française, a 1689 bas relief of Saint James the Less, may be seen in the Louvre. He also produced a copy of the Kallipygian Venus for Louis XIV's Palace of Versailles in 1686, and a copy of the Medici Venus which may be seen at the Château de Menars. He died in Paris.
# Max Régnier

Max Régnier (4 December 1907 - 5 August 1993) was a French dramatist, playwright, theater director and actor. He was managing director of the théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin from 1949 up to 1969.
He was the father of actor Yves Rénier.

## Filmography
### Cinema

as an actor unless stated otherwise
* 1936 : Le Coup de trois by Jean de Limur : le secrétaire du commissaire
* 1936 : Les Croquignolle [fr], short by Robert Péguy : Monsieur Croquignolle
* 1937 : Monsieur Bégonia by André Hugon : Max / Monsieur Bégonia
* 1938 : L'Héritage d'Onésime [fr] by André Hugon – short
* 1948 : Mort ou vif (film) [fr] by Jean Tedesco (+ scriptwriting and dialogues)
* 1950 : L'Art d'être courtier by Henri Verneuil – short (only co scriptwriter)

### Television

Actor
* 1979 : Au théâtre ce soir [fr], Les Petites Têtes by André Gillois and Max Régnier, directed by Pierre Sabbagh
* 1981 : Au théâtre ce soir, Mort ou vif by Max Régnier, directed by Pierre Sabbagh

## Theater

* 1944 : Eclats de rire, directed by Émile Audiffred [fr], théâtre des Célestins
* 1947 : Mort ou vif de Max Régnier, directed by Christian-Gérard, théâtre de l'Étoile (author and actor)
* 1948 : Il vaux mieux en rire, directed by Émile Audiffred, Les Tournées Audiffred
* 1955 : Les Petites Têtes by André Gillois and Max Régnier, directed by Fernand Ledoux, Théâtre Michel (Paris) [fr] : Daniel (co writer and actor)
* 1957 : Champagne et Whisky by Max Régnier, directed by the author, théâtre de la Renaissance : Lestissac (author, theatre director and actor)
* 1963 : Bonsoir Madame Pinson after Arthur Lovegrove, adaptation by Max Régnier and André Gillois, directed by Jean-Paul Cisife [fr], théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin (co adaptator)
* 1965 : Le Plus grand des hasards by Max Régnier and André Gillois, mise-en-scène Georges Douking, théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin : Hubert Cabanel (coauteur et acteur)
# Pavel Svoboda (organist)

Pavel Svoboda (born in 1987 in Opočno, Czech Republic) is a Czech organist.
This organist and harpsichordist graduated from the Conservatory of Pardubice (prof. Josef Rafaja and Doc. Vaclav Rabas). Since 2008, he has been studying at the Music Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague at Doc. Jaroslav Tuma and since 2010 at the University of the Arts in Berlin at Leo van Doeselaar. He performs at music festivals, cooperates with violinist Iva Kramperová and as a soloist he plays with the orchestras (Karlovy Vary Symphony Orchestra etc.). Since 2004 he has been a standing organist and cembalist of Barocco sempre giovane chamber orchestra (artistic director Josef Krečmer). He makes CD recordings, as well as those for Český rozhlas and the Czech Television. He is also active as a dramaturge and organizer of the classical music festivals in Bohemia, in 2011 he became artistic director of The International Music Festival of F. L. Vek.

## Prizes

* Competition for Young Organists in Opava 2004 - 1st prize
* Prize of the foundation Czech Music Fund (Český hudební fond)
* International Performers Competition in Brno 2007 - 1st prize and the Laureate title
* Prize of the mayor of the city of Pardubice for excellent study results
* Petr Eben International Organ Competition 2008 - 2nd prize
# Hugh Tootell

Hugh Tootell (1671/72 – 27 February 1743) was an English Catholic historian. He is commonly known under his pseudonym Charles Dodd.

## Life

Tootell was born in Lancashire. He was tutored by his uncle, Christopher Tootle, before studying with Edward Hawarden at the English College, Douay (1688-1693). He earned a bachelor of divinity at St Gregory's Seminary, Paris (1693-1697). He adopted the pen name "Charles Dodd" to spare his family a fine under the Penal Laws, for sending him abroad to be educated. He travelled widely in Europe, and after ordination he returned to England in 1698 to serve for a time on the English mission, before becoming chaplain to the Molyneux family at Mosborough Hall, Lancashire.
In 1711 he returned to the Continent where he is said to have witnessed the siege of Douay (1712) as chaplain to an English regiment; certainly he wrote in that character a short History of the English College at Douay (1713) which purported to be by a Protestant chaplain. As it attacked the Jesuits, Father Thomas Hunter published his "Modest Defence" (1714), to which Dodd replied in The Secret Policy of the English Society of Jesus (1715). From 1716 he was again at Mosborough till 1718, when he returned to Douay to collect materials for his magnum opus The Church History of England from 1500 to 1688, which occupied him for twenty years. The work was written at Harvington Hall, Worcestershire, where he resided from 1722 till his death, first as assistant chaplain, then (from 1726) as chaplain to Robert Throckmorton.
During his sojourn abroad he wrote and published Pax Vobis: An Epistle to the Three Churches (London, 1721); and while at Harvington he composed several spiritual, controversial, and historical treatises most of which have never been published. Many of these MSS. are preserved at St Mary's College, Oscott. Those certainly published were: Certamen Utriusque Ecclesiae (1724); An Abridgment of Christian Doctrine (s.d.) and Flores Cleri Anglo-Catholici (s.d.)
After many years' labour the Church History was completed in three folio volumes published in 1737, 1739, and 1742 at Wolverhampton, though for prudential reasons Brussels appears on the title-page. Father John Constable, S.J., attacked the work as unfair to the Jesuits, and Dodd replied in An Apology for the Church History of English, published in 1742. On his death-bed Dodd expressed his desire to die in peace with the Jesuits.
The Church History presented an important alternative view of history, and its primary source documents in the appendices provided a valuable resource for later historians. John Lingard was a subscriber for one of the later editions.
# Wiser.org

Wiser.org, formerly WiserEarth.org, was a user-generated online community space for the social and environmental movement. As one of the social networks for environmental sustainability and social change, Wiser.org was the primary initiative of the non-profit organization WiserEarth, which tracks the work of non-profits around the world. The site mapped and connected non-governmental organizations (NGOs), businesses, governments, groups, and individuals addressing global issues such as climate change, poverty, the environment, peace, water, hunger, social justice, conservation, human rights, and more.
On 17 March 2014, it was announced on the Wiser.org website that it would be archived and shut down on 10 April 2014.

## History

Wiser.org was launched as WiserEarth.org on 22 April 2007, Earth Day, as an online directory of the 100,000+ organizations discussed in Paul Hawken's book, Blessed Unrest. Hawken had amassed a collection of business cards from thousands of organizations over the years, but had not found a comprehensive directory listing all non-profit organizations involved in the social justice and environmental sector. Estimating the total number of non-profit organizations around the world to be well over a million, Hawken launched the World Index for Social and Environmental Responsibility (Wiser.org), as an online directory to help map out the work done by these organizations. Wiser.org incorporated additional social networking features, such as status updates, likes, walls, groups, and email messaging. Wiser.org expanded its organization directory to include listings of for-profit businesses and government agencies.
As of September 15, 2012, Wiser.org provided a directory of more than 114,000 organizations worldwide, over 71,900 registered members, and more than 2,800 groups. It featured resources and information on various social issues, organized into 47 issue areas and 381 sub-issue areas.
On 6 January 2014, Wiser.org's Executive Director, Peggy Duvette wrote an open letter to all members (which she updated on 24 January 2014) explaining the need for changes and the possibility of archiving the Wiser.org website to the Wayback Machine; and on 17 March 2014 she officially announced that the closure and archiving of the Wiser.org website would occur on 10 April 2014.
In 2017, the domain WISER.org became the website for the Workie Institute for Social and Educational Research, a non-profit focusing on social exclusion, including bullying and systematic barriers to society, based on the work of the late Dr. Abaineh Workie.
# Rottara Rottara

Rottara Rottara (ロッタラ ロッタラ, "Lotta Love Lotta Love") is the fifth single by the Hello! Project unit Buono!. The title song is used for the first ending theme of Shugo Chara!! Doki—.
The single was released on November 12, 2008 in Japan under the Pony Canyon label in two different versions; the regular edition only included a CD while the limited edition also included a DVD.
The Single V DVD of the single was released on December 3, 2008.

## Track listing
### CD

* "Rottara Rottara" (ロッタラ ロッタラ, "Lotta Love Lotta Love")
* "My Love" (マイラブ, Mai Rabu)
* "Rottara Rottara (Instrumental)"
* "My Love (Instrumental)"
# Oshipumbu

Oshipumbu or Oshipumbu Shomugongo is a village in Ompundja Constituency, Oshana Region, northern Namibia. The name means "group of tall trees". Oshipumbu Shomugongo is approximately 17 km (11 mi) away from Oshakati, a northern town in Oshana region. Oshipumbu is in the Ondonga Traditional Authority and lies in the Lake Oponono area. There are two schools, namely Onevonga Primary School and Oshipumbu Combined School. The councilor of Oshipumbu is Adolf H. Uunona, a former teacher at the combined school. Clean water is available which has been provided by the Directorate of Rural Water Supply; water-points have been set up throughout the village. The inhabitants are small-scale subsistence farmers who keep livestock, such as cattle, goats, sheep, donkeys, and grow crops, such as maize and sorghum, for their own consumption.A rape case was reported from Oshipumbu Shomugongo in 2021. There is also an agricultural technician in the village named Sirkka Kanalelo.