OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Murahashi coupling

The Murahashi Coupling is a cross coupling reaction. The coupling partners are organolithiums and organic halides. Transition metal catalysts are required. The reaction was first reported by Shun-Ichi Murahashi in 1974. This reaction is notable for using organolithiums as opposed to other cross-coupling reactions which utilize various metal-carbon compounds (metal = tin, magnesium, boron, silicon, zinc). Since the production of these other coupling reagents relies heavily upon organolithiums (especially in the case of organozinc and organomagnesium compounds), in bypassing these intermediates, this process is much more efficient. It has further been shown that the Murahashi reaction proceeds with greater selectivity, faster reaction times, and lower reaction temperatures than other similar coupling reactions while maintaining similar or higher yields.

## History

Murahashi first reported C(sp$^2$)—C(sp$^3$) coupling in 1974. These reactions were not metal catalyzed but were promoted by solvent, THF. The following year, Murahashi showed that coupling can occur between organolithium and alkenyl halides in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium catalyst. In 1979, Murahashi published the catalytic version of this reaction.

## Mechanism
### Palladium catalysis

The catalytic cycle of the Murahashi coupling is comparable to that of other extensively studied palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The cycle proposed by Murahashi involves four intermediates and two oxidation states of palladium, palladium(0) and palladium(II). At the start of the cycle, oxidative addition occurs between the Pd(0) catalyst (1) and an organo-halide to form an organo-Pd(II) complex (2). A transmetallation then occurs between (2) and an organo-lithium to yield the trans-hetero-organometallic complex (3) and the lithium-halide. In order to perform the reductive elimination that ultimately yields the final coupled product, a trans-cis-isomerization of (3) must occur to bring the ligands cis to each other, resulting in the cis-hetero-organometallic complex (4). Finally, reductive elimination of (4) regenerates the Pd(0) catalyst and creates the C(sp$^2$)--C(sp$^3$) bond in the coupled product.

## Conditions limitations

Organolithium reagents pose some danger because they are highly pyrophoric. The reaction is typically carried out in toluene as a solvent . The mixture is often carried out between 0–80 °C and quenched with acid to deactivate any remaining organolithium.

## Ruthenium catalysis

While Pd(0)-catalyzed reactions are highly efficient for the cross-coupling of organo-halides and organolithium reagents, ruthenium catalysts have also been demonstrated.
# Music for a Slaughtering Tribe

Music for a Slaughtering Tribe is the third release and first full-length album by the German electro-industrial project Wumpscut.

## Summary

Music for a Slaughtering Tribe, like most Wumpscut releases, has a complex history and bears the blood-curdling scream of Aleta Welling on the track "Fear In Motion." Music for a Slaughtering Tribe has been re-released at least eight times – with many subsequent editions on different record labels, with different artwork, and sometimes different track lists. The latest release is on Beton Kopf Media and Metropolis Records.
All Soylent Green samples are taken from the movie 2022 – Die Überleben Wollen, the German-dubbed version of Soylent Green (Richard Fleischer, 1973), with Charlton Heston. Koslow sample is taken from the movie The Silence of the Lambs (1991), with Anthony Hopkins and Jodie Foster.

## Track listing

Music for a Slaughtering Tribe (1993 edition by VUZ, 1993 edition by VUZ and Subtronic, 1993 "farewell edition" by VUZ)
* "Soylent Green" – 6:08
* "On the Run" – 4:19
* "Koslow" – 3:29
* "Fear in Motion" – 3:14
* "Dudek" – 3:58
* "Default Remixx" – 3:34
* "Bleed" – 2:46
* "Concrete Rage" – 4:29
* "Believe in Me" – 6:01
* "She's Dead" – 5:14
* "Rotten Meat" – 3:53
* "The Day's Disdain" – 5:31
* "Float" – 1:50
* "My Life" – 2:24
Music for a Slaughtering Tribe II (1997 re-release, 2000 edition, 2000 edition by Metropolis Records)
Disc one is identical to the original.
Disc two
* "Fear In Motion (Remyl)" – 4:51
* "She's Dead (Kirlian Camera)" – 6:48
* "Soylent Green (Haujobb)" – 10:08
* "Fear In Motion (Haujobb)" – 6:34
* "Dudek (Brain Leisure)" – 5:13
* "Default (Aghast View)" – 4:39
* "Float (Dive)" – 2:44
* "Soylent Green (Brain Leisure)" – 11:22
Music for a Slaughtering Tribe (1997 edition by Metropolis Records)
* "Soylent Green (extended version)" – 7:14
* "On the Run" – 4:09
* "Bleed" – 2:43
* "Fear in Motion" – 3:12
* "Default (remix by Aghast View)" ( – 4:35)
* "Concrete Rage" – 4:19
* "She's Dead (remix by Kirlian Camera)" – 6:44
* "Koslow" – 3:27
* "Default" – 3:36
* "She's Dead" – 5:11
* "Believe in Me" – 6:00
* "Dudek" – 4:00
* "My Life" – 2:26
* [blank] – 0:30
* [blank] – 0:30
* [blank] – 0:30
* "Hint on BT 7 (hidden track)" – 0:31
Music for a Slaughtering Tribe (2002, "seamless audio edition" and 2003, "back is front edition")
Disc one
* "Soylent Green"
* "On the Run"
* "Fear in Motion"
* "Koslow"
* "Concrete Rage"
* "Bleed"
* "Dudek"
* "Default"
* "Believe in Me"
* "She is Dead"
* "Float"
* "Rotten Meat"
* "The Day's Disdain"
* "My Life"
Disc two
* "Soylent Green (Brain Leisure)"
* "Soylent Green (Haujobb)"
* "Fear in Motion (Haujobb)"
* "Fear in Motion (Remyl)"
* "She is Dead (Kirlian Camera)"
* "Dudek (Brain Leisure)"
* "Default (Aghast View)"
* "Float (Dive)"
Music for a Slaughtering Tribe (remastered, 2005, Metropolis Records edition, 2005)
* "Soylent Green"
* "On the Run"
* "Koslow"
* "Fear in Motion"
* "Dudek"
* "Default"
* "Bleed"
* "Concrete Rage"
* "Believe in Me"
* "She's Dead"
* "Rotten Meat"
* "The Day's Disdain"
* "Float"
* "My Life"
* "Soylent Green (Haujobb)"
* "She is Dead (Kirlian Camera)"
* "Soylent Green (Brain Leisure)"
# My Tribe Is My Life

My Tribe Is My Life (French: Ma tribu c'est ma vie) is an interactive web documentary produced in Montreal by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), which explores how young people use the internet to forge identities and relationships within various music subcultures. Directed by Myriam Verreault, the project follows eight people from across the province of Quebec who have found virtual communities through the Web.
Web users watch videos about the eight protagonists, along with survey questions, statistics and quotes. The site features live streaming music, and users can also create their own online avatars.
The idea for a web documentary about online musical communities was conceived by NFB interactive producer Hugues Sweeney.My Tribe Is My Life was produced by Sweeney and web designer Alex Leduc of Atelier Deux Huit Huit.
My Tribe Is My Life received the grand prize for best experimental website at the 2011 Concours Boomerang, honouring Quebec interactive media.
# My True Love Gave To Me: Twelve Holiday Stories

My True Love Gave to Me: Twelve Holiday Stories is a 2014 anthology edited by Stephanie Perkins with twelve holiday stories contributed by Perkins, Holly Black, Ally Carter, Matt de la Peña, Gayle Forman, Jenny Han, David Levithan, Kelly Link, Myra McEntire, Rainbow Rowell, Laini Taylor and Kiersten White. It was published on October 14 by St. Martin's Press.
This anthology features twelve stories set during the winter months. Each story is told separately and is about a different pair of characters falling in love in different holiday settings.

## Stories

* “Midnights” by Rainbow Rowell
* “The Lady and the Fox” by Kelly Link
* “Angels in the Snow” by Matt de la Peña
* “Polaris Is Where You’ll Find Me” by Jenny Han
* "It’s a Yuletide Miracle, Charlie Brown” by Stephanie Perkins.
* "Your Temporary Santa” by David Levithan.
* "Krampuslauf" by Holly Black.
* "What the Hell Have You Done, Sophie Roth?” by Gayle Forman.
* “Beer Buckets and Baby Jesus” by Myra McEntire
* “Welcome to Christmas, CA” by Kiersten White.
* “Star of Bethlehem” by Ally Carter.
* "The Girl Who Woke the Dreamer" by Laini Taylor.

## Reception

Reception for the book was generally positive, with Publishers Weekly stating "there's no shortage of cozy setups for holiday romance in this captivating collection of short stories", describing it as "a rare seasonal treat". Ellen Hopkins of The New York Times Book Review praised it as "a marvelous collection, certain to earn a treasured spot on many Y.A. shelves" commending the diversity of the characters and intelligent storytelling.
# Muslim Council

Muslim Council may refer to:

## Europe

* Central Council of Ex-Muslims, in Germany
* French Council of the Muslim Faith, founded 2003 by Nicolas Sarkozy
* Muslim Council for Cooperation in Europe, based in Strasbourg, France
* Muslim Council of Sweden, founded 1990

## United Kingdom

* Muslim Council of Britain, founded 1997
* Sufi Muslim Council, founded 2006

## United States

* American Muslim Council, based in Chicago
* Indian American Muslim Council
* Muslim American Public Affairs Council, based in Raleigh, North Carolina
* Muslim Public Affairs Council, based in Los Angeles

## Other places

* Muslim Council of NSW, Sydney, Australia
* National Muslim Council of Tanzania
* Supreme Muslim Council, historical body in charge of Muslim community affairs in Palestine under British control
# Muslim Consumer Group

The Muslim Consumer Group (MCG) is a U.S. non-profit organization founded in November 1993 by Syed Rasheeduddin Ahmed, based in Rolling Meadows, Illinois. Its goal was to educate Muslims about Halal foods and perform Halal certification, which was not done by any other organization in the United States at that time.

## Overview

MCG first established its website in 2000 to educate Muslims throughout the world about the Halal status of food ingredients, E-numbers and food products. MCG has written a book, titled A Comprehensive List of Halal Food Products in U.S. and Canadian Supermarkets that lists food products and ingredients that are certified as Halal. MCG also visits mosques and religious centers in the United States to give educational presentations about food products, medicine, cosmetics, and personal care products.
A major breakthrough in R&D was the discovery of the source of L-Cysteine, which was being derived from human hair. Muslim dietary laws do not allow the ingestion of anything that is derived from the human body. It was found that there were several companies that were using this in their baked goods that varied from Naan, which was being supplied to Muslim stores in major U.S. cities, to donuts made by Dunkin' Donuts. A well known Halal food company, AlSafa, uses L-Cysteine in its chicken nuggets, chicken patties, and chicken strips. After MCG's publication of these findings, the source for the L-Cysteine was changed in a large part to chicken or duck feathers. It has not been confirmed that AlSafa uses chicken or duck feathers.

## H-MCG symbol

The H-MCG symbols are used by the Muslim Consumer Group to identify the Halal status of different edible and non-edible consumer products.
# Music of the Turks and Caicos Islands

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Music of the Anglophone Caribbean :
Genres :
Benna
Calypso
Chutney
Dancehall
Dub
Goombay
Junkanoo
Mento
Rake-and-scrape
Ragga
Rapso
Reggae
Ripsaw
Rocksteady
Scratch
Ska
Soca
Spouge
Steelpan :
Regional music :
vte :
The music of Turks and Caicos Islands is best known for its ripsaw music. It is accompanied by an array of instruments, including maracas, triangles, box guitar, conga drums, goat and cowskin drums, accordion, concertina and, most prominently and uniquely, the carpenter saw.
The saw is scraped with a metal object, such as a screwdriver, to produce a unique sound; this is called ripping the saw. The use of the saw (which is the origin of the term ripsaw) is of uncertain origin, but may be in imitation of the Dominican and Haitian guiro or traditional African instruments such as the shekere and djembe.
A closely related style called rake and scrape is known in the Bahamas, closely associated with Cat Island, the home of many Turks and Caicos islanders, who moved there looking for work in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s. Many Bahamian musicians are from the islands, including The Cooling Waters, Sly Roker, Bradley Dean, Marvin Handfield, Perry Delancy, and Leo Jones. Many of these expatriates have since returned to Turks and Caicos, bringing with them Bahamian junkanoo music.
Modern ripsaw pioneers include Tell and the Rakooneers and Lovey Forbes, who created a new style called combina in the early 1980s, using genres from across the Caribbean and the US as inspiration; these included jazz, calypso, soca and reggae.

## Musician institutions

The organisation TUCA helps to promote Turks and Caicos folk music and dance. The Turks and Caicos Music and Poetry Festival is a major annual event, attracting such artists as (in 2004) Chaka Khan, Maxi Priest, Boyz II Men, Joe, Shocking Vibes Band, TCI All Star Band and Blakout Crew. The first First Annual Turks & Caicos Ripsaw Festival was held in 2003.
# Mya (TV channel)

Mya was an Italian entertainment TV channel, owned by Mediaset and broadcast on Premium Gallery, a pay television network available on digital terrestrial television in Italy.

## History

Mya started its transmission on January 18, 2008 with the pilot episode of Gossip Girl.
It was targeted at female audiences and broadcasts movies, television series and soap operas.
Mya was not available on satellite television, and was not available outside Italy.
On July 23, 2015 Mya is replaced by Premium Stories.
# Syed Emdad Ali

Syed Emdad Ali (1875–1956), was a Bengali poet and writer. He was born in Munshiganj District, Bengal, now in Bangladesh. He was against the use of highly Sanskritised vocabulary in Bangla as well as the unnecessary use of Persian and Arabic words. A liberal humanist, Emdad Ali believed in communal harmony.

## Early life

Ali was born in 1875 in Bikrampur, Bengal Presidency, British India. He graduated from Munshiganj High School and Jagannath College (which is Jagannath University today). He did not pursue further studies due to financial issues.

## Career

Ali taught at a school in Netrokona District after college. He joined the British Indian Imperial Police as a Sub-Inspector. He was awarded the title Khan Shahib for by British Indian government for his service. He was against the inclusion of Arabic, Persian, and Sanskrit words in the Bengali language.
In 1903, he joined Nandoor, a Bengali monthly journal as an editor. In one of his editorials, he wrote, 'The development of the downtrodden Muslim community will be achieved only through literary activities. We invite all Muslim writers in Bangla to join in our endeavour to awaken the Muslims of this country'.
Ali worked for many departments. He is a descendant of Bangal poet Kaykobad (1857). He was the chief editor of monthly ‘Nabanoor’(1903–06) with collaborations from M. Asad Ali,M.Hedayetullah and Qazi Imdadul Haq.

## Works

His literary works were included in the curriculum of school level, secondary and higher secondary Bengali Literature in Bangladesh.
Main Books
* Dali
* Taposhi Rabeya (Rabeya the Pious)

## Death

Ali died in 1956.
# Turbonilla macandreae

Turbonilla macandreae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Nomenclature

Replacement name for Turbonilla speciosa H. Adams, 1869, not A. Adams, 1860

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following locations:
* European waters (ERMS scope)
# Op. 45

In music, Op. 45 stands for Opus number 45. Compositions that are assigned this number include:
* Beach – Piano Concerto
* Berkeley – A Dinner Engagement
* Brahms – A German Requiem
* Britten – The Little Sweep
* Chopin – Prelude No. 25
* Fauré – Piano Quartet No. 2
* Grieg – Violin Sonata No. 3
* Kabalevsky – Piano Sonata No. 2
* Liebermann – The Picture of Dorian Gray
* Madetoja – The Ostrobothnians (Pohjalaisia), opera in three acts (1924)
* Mendelssohn – Cello Sonata No. 1
* Rachmaninoff – Symphonic Dances
* Rautavaara – Piano Concerto No. 1
* Saint-Saëns – Le Déluge
* Schumann – Romanzen & Balladen volume I (3 songs)
* Sibelius – The Dryad (Dryadi), tone poem for orchestra (1910)
* Tamberg – Cyrano de Bergerac
* Tchaikovsky – Capriccio Italien
# Kai Behrend

Kai Behrend is a German mathematician. He is a professor at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
His work is in algebraic geometry and he has made important contributions in the theory of algebraic stacks, Gromov–Witten invariants and Donaldson–Thomas theory (cf. Behrend function.) He is also known for Behrend's formula, the generalization of the Grothendieck–Lefschetz trace formula to algebraic stacks.
He is the recipient of the 2001 Coxeter–James Prize, the 2011 Jeffery–Williams Prize, and the 2015 CRM-Fields-PIMS Prize. He was elected to the 2018 class of fellows of the American Mathematical Society.

## Selected publications

* Behrend, K. (1997). "Gromov-Witten invariants in algebraic geometry". Inventiones Mathematicae. 127 (3). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 601–617. arXiv:alg-geom/9601011. Bibcode:1997InMat.127..601B. doi:10.1007/s002220050132. ISSN 0020-9910. S2CID 9929474.
* Behrend, K.; Fantechi, B. (19 March 1997). "The intrinsic normal cone". Inventiones Mathematicae. 128 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 45–88. arXiv:alg-geom/9601010. Bibcode:1997InMat.128...45B. doi:10.1007/s002220050136. ISSN 0020-9910. S2CID 18533009.
* Behrend, K.; Manin, Yu. (1 October 1996). "Stacks of stable maps and Gromov-Witten invariants". Duke Mathematical Journal. 85 (1). Duke University Press. doi:10.1215/s0012-7094-96-08501-4. ISSN 0012-7094. S2CID 16512308.
* Behrend, Kai A. (2003). "Derived 𝑙-adic categories for algebraic stacks". Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society. 163 (774). American Mathematical Society (AMS): 0. doi:10.1090/memo/0774. ISSN 0065-9266. MR1963494
# Sustainable Development Solutions Network

The Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) is a non-profit created in 2012 by the United Nations to promote the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at national and international levels. As of 2022, the SDSN has over 1,700 members in 50 networks across 144 countries, with offices in New York, Paris, and Kuala Lumpur. It aims to mobilize expertise, knowledge, and resources from academia, civil society, businesses, and governments to promote the 17 goals.

## SDSN Southeast Asia Regional Hub (SDSN-SEA)

SDSN networks around the world are platforms to promote and share sustainable development solutions that can be put into practice. They are crucial for the continued improvement of emerging economies in ASEAN in a way that minimizes negative impact on the environment, generates employment and inclusive growth, and helps to eradicate poverty.
SDSN-SEA and SDSN Indonesia were launched in October 2013 by the then President of the Republic of Indonesia, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono with Prof Jeffrey Sachs (Director of the Earth Institute of Columbia University and Special Consultant to UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon) and Mari Pangestu (the then Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of Indonesia).
The entire organization is housed under UID Foundation co-founded by Cherie Nursalim, Vice Chairman GITI Group, Vice Chair International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). The President of UID Foundation is former Minister of Trade, Mari Elka Pangestu. Both are members of the SDSN Leadership Council
As part of the global network, SDSN South-East Asia (SDSN-SEA) mobilizes universities, other knowledge institutions as well as civil societies of South East Asia to support the SDGs. The network is headquartered in Indonesia and chaired by the United in Diversity (UID) Foundation.

## 2014 Regional Workshop (Partnership for Solutions)

The first Regional Workshop was held in Jakarta in November 2014 and brought together leaders and experts from academia, government, business and civil society.
The main partner was the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia led by Minister Siti Nurbaya. Organizing partners were the University Indonesia Research Center for Climate Change, United in Diversity Forum (UID), Monash University in partnership with the Carbon War Room, the Australia–Indonesia Centre and the Harold Mitchell Foundation.
The regional workshop primarily focused on identifying an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable future for Indonesia. It also looked at how progress can be measured, focusing especially on the current UN proposal for the Sustainable Development Goals. Much of the discussion was on Indonesia's future energy needs, identifying how they can be met in line with decarbonizing the energy system to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and developing plans for collaborative solution initiatives.
# Suvendu Raj Ghosh

Suvendu Raj Ghosh is an Indian Bengali and Hindi film director.

## Early life and career

He was born in Burnpur (West Bengal). He started his career as a music video director and has directed more than 400 music albums in different languages including Hindi, Bengali, Nepali, his first film as a film director was Abelay Gorom Bhaat. In the year 2007 Ghosh had directed 10 films in different languages till now Mr Ghosh has won many awards for his film Chetona (2015) and his film Shunyota was India's first film on demonitization and the film was appreciated by the critics and the audience of the country and Ghosh has also directed the biopic of ex chief minister of Uttar Pradesh, Mulayam Singh Yadav, the film Main Mulayam Singh Yadav received appreciation and the film won awards. Mr Ghosh has also directed a movie before you die which is dedicated to the cancer suffering families the film won many awards and it was appealed by the audience.
Ghosh is now working on his new film Kusum Ka Biyaah which is based on the lockdown situation, it is adapted from a true story which will be releasing in 2024.

## Filmography

* Abelay Goram Bhat (2007) (Bengali)
* Bhay (2011; Bengali)
* Chetona (2015; Bengali)
* Everyday is Sunday 2013 (Nepali)
* Shunyata (2017; Bengali)
* Two Story (2018; Bengali)
* Chase No Mercy To Crime (2019; Hindi)
* Main Mulayam Singh Yadav (2021; Hindi)
* Before You Die (2022; Hindi)
* Kusum Ka Biyaah (Hindi)
* Sesh Jibon (Bengali)
# Susie Jones

Susie Jones may refer to:
* Susie Jones, sister of Indiana Jones
* Susie Jones, presenter on WCCO (AM)
* Susie Jones (filmmaker), see AACTA Award for Best Documentary Under One Hour
# Susie Jessen

Susie Jessen (born 1985) is a Danish politician and journalist. Since 2022 she has been a member of the Folketing for the Denmark Democrats and represents the Zealand constituency.

## Biography

Jessen was born in 1985 and is the daughter of politician Søren Espersen. She graduated with a diploma in journalism in 2010 and worked as a political reporter and a communications consultant for the Danish Chamber of Commerce. She later worked as a political consultant for Kristian Thulesen Dahl and was a press officer for the Danish People's Party.
For the 2022 Danish general election, Jessen was elected to the Folketing as a member of the Denmark Democrats.
# Svajūnas

Svajūnas is a Lithuanian masculine given name. People bearing the name Svajūnas include:
* Svajūnas Adomaitis (born 1985), Lithuanian Greco-Roman wrestler
* Svajūnas Ambrazas (born 1967), Lithuanian orienteering competitor
* Svajūnas Jonauskas (born 1995), Lithuanian racing cyclist
# Svajūnas Jonauskas

Svajūnas Jonauskas (born 2 January 1995) is a Lithuanian racing cyclist. He rode in the men's sprint event at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
# Svaika

Svaika (Russian: Свайка, IPA:, lit. 'marlinspike') is a throwing game that was a favorite of Russian lower-class men up to the 20th century. It is a game in which a marlinspike-like spear is thrown to land in the middle of a metal ring lying on the ground some distance away. A tool for the game can weigh up to five pounds.
By one account of events, Tsarevich Dmitry died from a stab wound while he was playing this game, although this is disputed.