OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pavel Felgenhauer

Pavel Eugenievich Felgenhauer (Russian: Па́вел Евге́ньевич Фельгенга́уэр; born 6 December 1951) is a Russian military analyst known for his publications about Russia's political and military leadership.

## Biography

Felgenhauer was born in 1951 in Moscow, the Soviet Union and graduated from Moscow State University as a biologist in 1975. He served as a researcher and senior research officer in the Soviet Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and received his Candidate of Sciences degree in biology from the Academy in 1988. He is based in Moscow. His stepdaughter, Tatyana Felgenhauer, is a journalist and presenter at the Echo of Moscow (defunct as of 2022).
Felgenhauer published numerous articles on topics dealing with Russian foreign and defense policies, military doctrine, arms trade, military-industrial complex and so on. From January 1991 until January 1993, he was associated with the Nezavisimaya Gazeta (Moscow) as defense analyst and defense correspondent. From February 1993 till September 1999, Felgenhauer was a member of the editorial board and chief defense correspondent of a Moscow daily Segodnya. Since May 1994 till October 2005, Felgenhauer published a regular column on defense in the English language local daily The Moscow Times. In July 2006, after being more than six years an independent defense analyst, Felgenhauer joined the staff of Novaya Gazeta. Felgenhauer continues to provide regular comments on Russia's defense-related problems to many other local and international media organizations, including The Jamestown Foundation.
# Saphenista merana

Saphenista merana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Pastaza Province, Ecuador.
The wingspan is about 16 mm.
# Presidential determination

A presidential determination is a kind of presidential directive issued by the White House stating a determination resulting in an official policy or position of the executive branch of the United States federal government. Presidential determinations may involve any number of actions, including setting or changing foreign policy, setting drug enforcement policy, or any number of other exercises of executive power.
One of the most famous presidential determinations was President Clinton's Presidential Determination 95–45, which exempted the US Air Force's facility in the vicinity of Groom Lake, Nevada (commonly called Area 51) from environmental disclosure laws, in response to subpoenas from a lawsuit brought by Area 51 workers alleging illegal hazardous waste disposal which resulted in injury and death. Subsequent to this determination, the lawsuit was dismissed due to lack of evidence.
A presidential determination is distinguished from an executive order, which is a specific directive issued by the President of the United States to part of the executive branch.
# Welty, Oklahoma

Welty is an unincorporated community in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, United States. Named for the town developer, Edwin A. Welty, its post office was established October 12, 1905, with Jerimiah D. Wilson as the first postmaster.
Welty is south of Bristow and north of Castle on the west side of Oklahoma State Highway 48 off E 960 Rd.
Okemah Lake, southeast of town, features swimming, boating, hunting, fishing, and camping.
# Sleeuwijk

Sleeuwijk is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant and part of the municipality of Altena.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1268 as "Tyberio de Slewijck" and is a combination of neighbourhood and blunt. The village is known for its ferry to Gorinchem which has been known to exist since 1327. During the 20th century, the ferry caused long delays, and was replaced by the Merwedebrug [nl] in 1961. In 2017, it was announced that the Merwedebrug would be replaced by a wider bridge, because it has become too narrow.
Historically, it was part of the Land of Altena and was administered by Woudrichem. Since about 1815, Sleeuwijk had been part of the municipality of De Werken en Sleeuwijk. Sleeuwijk was home to 380 people in 1840. This had an area of 2,111 ha. In 1950, the then 4,218-inhabitants municipality was merged into the municipality of Werkendam, a municipality which was greatly enlarged in 1973. In 2012, the village had 5,349 inhabitants.

## Overview

The village is home to various sports clubs, including tennis, swimming, ice skating and korfball, two primary and two secondary schools and a number of shops in the shopping centre called de Nieuwe Es.

## Gallery

* Nature area Groesplaat
* Church of Sleeuwijk
* River view
* Farm in Sleeuwijk
# Leiblfing

Leiblfing is a municipality in the district of Straubing-Bogen in Bavaria, Germany.
# Quiver diagram

In theoretical physics, a quiver diagram is a graph representing the matter content of a gauge theory that describes D-branes on orbifolds. Quiver diagrams may also be used to described ${\mathcal {N}}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions.
Each node of the graph corresponds to a factor U(N) of the gauge group, and each link represents a field in the bifundamental representation
    $(M,{\bar {N}})$.
The relevance of quiver diagrams for string theory was pointed out and studied by Michael Douglas and Greg Moore.
While string theorists use the words quiver diagram, many of their colleagues in particle physics call these diagrams mooses.

## Definition

For convenience, consider the supersymmetric ${\mathcal {N}}=1$ gauge theory in four-dimensional spacetime.
The quiver gauge theory is given by the following data:
* Finite quiver $Q$
* Each vertex $v\in \operatorname {V} (Q)$ corresponds to a compact Lie group $G_{v}$. This can be the unitary group $U(N)$, the special unitary group $SU(N)$, special orthogonal group $SO(N)$ or symplectic group $USp(N)$.
* The gauge group is the product $\textstyle \prod _{v\in \operatorname {V} (Q)}G_{v}$.
* Each edge of Q $e\colon u\to v$ corresponds to the defining representation ${\bar {N}}_{u}\otimes N_{v}$. There is a corresponding superfield $\Phi _{e}$.
This representation is called a bifundamental representation. For example, if $u$ and $v$ corresponds to $SU(2)$ and $SU(3)$ then the edge corresponds to a six-dimensional representation ${\bar {\mathbf {2} }}_{\operatorname {SU} (2)}\otimes {\mathbf {3} }_{\operatorname {SU} (3)}$
In this case, the quiver gauge theory is a four-dimensional ${\mathcal {N}}=1$ supersymmetric gauge theory. The quiver gauge theory in higher dimensions can be defined similarly.
The quiver is particularly convenient for representing conformal gauge theory. The structure of the quiver makes it easy to check whether the theory preserves conformal symmetry.
# ZipRealty

ZipRealty was a website that offers real estate listings and homes for sale as part of Realogy’s company-owned brokerage operations, NRT LLC. Ziprealty.com is maintained by ZapLabs LLC, the innovation and technology development division of Realogy. Founded in 1999 by Scott Kucirek and Juan Mini, two graduates of the University of California, Berkeley’s Haas School of Business, ZipRealty operated in 35 metropolitan areas in 22 states and the District of Columbia. Headquartered in Emeryville, CA and incorporated in Delaware, the company went public in November 2004 and traded on NASDAQ under the ticker symbol ZIPR. In June 2016, the technology division rebranded itself as ZapLabs LLC. In March 2017, ZipRealty's sales professionals joined another brokerage, Coldwell Banker United Realtors.
# Inga Juuso

Inga Juuso (5 October 1945 – 23 August 2014) was a Sami yoiker, singer and actress in the film The Kautokeino Rebellion. She was known from her own band performances, and recordings and collaborations with musicians like Steinar Raknes, Håkon Mjåset Johansen, and Jørn Øien.

## Career

Juuso was the first Sami named "Traditional Folk Musician of the year" in Norway 2012, and had a long career performing with various musicians in Scandinavia. She also appeared in the film The Kautokeino Rebellion (2008) by Nils Gaup, and was recognized as a major carrier and promoter of the Sami cultural tradition.
In 2008, she released the album Patterns of the heart (DAT) by the Inga Juuso Group, followed by "Bálggis" ("Vuelie"), with the musical group Bárut.

## Awards and honours

In 1998, she was awarded the Áillohaš Music Award for her significant contributions to Saami music. She was also awarded the title of Spellemannprisen in 2011.

## Death

Juuso died on 23 August 2014, aged 68.

## Discography

* 1991: "Ravddas Ravddi" (DAT), produced by Ande Somby.
* 1994: "Čalbmeliiba" ("Frozen moments"/"Momentos inolvidables"; Iđut), with Johan Sara, Jai Shankar and flamenco musicians Rogelio de Badajoz Duran and Erik Steen
* 2008: "Vaimmo Ivnnit" ("Where the rivers meet"; DAT), with the duo Skáidi (including Steinar Raknes)
* 2008: "Patterns of the heart" (DAT), with the Inga Juuso Group, including Patrick Shaw Iversen, Kenneth Ekornes, Steinar Raknes, Peter Baden and Roger Ludvigsen
* 2011: "Bálggis" ("Vuelie"), with Barut (including Martin Smidt & Asbjørn Berson)
# Peeter Lilje

Peeter Lilje (13 October 1950, Valga – 28 October 1993, Oulu) was an Estonian conductor for the Estonian National Symphony Orchestra (ERSO) and Estonian National Opera.
In 1974, Lilje graduated from the Tallinn State Conservatory (now Estonian Academy of Music and Theater). In 1980, he graduated from the Rimsky-Korsakov St. Petersburg State Conservatory, studying under Arvids and Mariss Jansons. From 1984 to 1987, Lilje taught conducting at the Tallinn State Conservatory and conducted for their Symphony Orchestra. His students included conductors such as Vello Pahn, Arvo Volmer, Erki Pehk, and Lauri Sirp.
In 1973, Lilje worked as a choirmaster at the Estonian National Opera and then moved on to be an assistant for the conductor Neeme Jarvi. In 1975, Lilje made his debut performing Giuseppe Verdi's "La traviata". From 1980 to 1990, Lilje was the principal conductor of the Estonian National Opera. In 1976, Lilje made his debut at the Estonian National Symphony Orchestra (ERSO), conducting Eduard Tubin's IX Symphony. In 1990, he became the principal conductor for ERSO and continued until his death in 1993.
Awards:
* 1981: Merited Artist of the Estonian SSR
* 1987: People's Artist of the Estonian SSR
# Sarah Eberle

Sarah Eberle is an English garden designer.

## Life and work

Eberle grew up in Dartmoor, Devon. Her father, Sir James Eberle (1927–2018), was a British admiral. She attended Thames Polytechnic, and qualified as a landscape architect in 1980.
Eberle has won over 19 gold medals at the RHS Chelsea Flower Show, the most of any exhibitor; a gold medal in every category there is in the show. Her Chelsea garden won 'Best in Show' in 2007 and 2017. She has won six Hampton Court Gold medals and in 2022 she was made an RHS Iconic Horticultural Hero.
Eberle is a member of Landscape Institute, the Society of Garden Designers and the Institute of Horticulture; she has an Honorary Doctorate in Design from Greenwich University. She is an RHS Associate of Honour (2016) and is a member of the RHS council (2018–2023). She was also named the British Association of Landscape Industries Grand Award winner in 2007.
Eberle lives near Cole Henley, Whitchurch in Hampshire, with her husband, Robert Stevens, and three children.

## Show gardens

designs include:
* Toy Garden (1998)
* For Whoever you are.... (2001)
* Estuary Garden (2002)
* Woodland Garden (2003)
* A Woman's Sanctuary (2004)
* Walking Barefoot (2006)
* 600 Days (2007)
* Breast Cancer Haven Garden (2015)
* Beyond Our Borders ((2015)
* Garden of Inspiration (2017)
* Changing Moves Changing Minds (2018)
* The Resilience Garden (2019)
* Psalm 23 (2021)
* Building the Future (2022)
# Wells v Shield Insurance

Wells and Another v Shield Insurance Co Ltd and Others is an important case in the South African law of delict. It was heard in the Cape Provincial Division by Corbett J on March 15, 1965, with judgment handed down on April 7. The attorneys of the excipient (or second defendant), who was represented in court by DL Kooy, SC (with him DO Delahunt), were Reilly, Reilly & Tucker. The respondent's attorneys were Sonnenberg, Hoffman & Galombik, and he was represented by S. Aaron.
The case involved an exception to a declaration, and turned on the question of the meaning and effect of section 11(1) of the Motor Vehicle Insurance Act, in particular the meaning of the word "Driving" (regard being had to section 1(3). The court determined that, when the driver of a car opens its door after parking it, he has not perpetrated an act "caused by nor arising out of" the driving of the car.

## Facts

After the third defendant had manoeuvred his car into a parking bay, switched off his engine and applied the hand-brake, he had reached behind him to remove an article from the back seat, and then opened the door preparatory to alighting. At this moment, a trackless tram struck the door, which protruded into its path, causing it to crash into another motorcar, and thus to injure the plaintiff and his wife. To a summons and declaration claiming damages from the insurer of the tram, the insurer of third defendant's car (the second defendant) and the third defendant, the second defendant had excepted on the ground that the plaintiffs' injuries had neither been "caused by" nor "arisen out of" the third defendant's driving of the car within the meaning of section 11 (1) of the Motor Vehicle Insurance Act.

## Judgment

In order to give a wider application than the phrase "caused by" to the phrase "arising out of" (and thereby to prevent it from becoming redundant), Corbett J held that it must be regarded, as it appeared in section 11 (1) of the Act, as covering cases where the driving is an indirect cause of the infliction of the injury. Where the direct cause is some antecedent or ancillary act, then it could not normally be said that the death or injury was "caused by" the driving, but it might be found to "arise out of" the driving. Whether this would be found would depend upon the particular facts of the case and whether, "applying ordinary, common-sense standards," it could be said that the causal connection between the death or injury and the driving was sufficiently real and close to enable the court to say that the death or injury did in fact arise out of the driving. The word "driving," as used in relation to the insured motor vehicle, means "ordinarily [...] the urging on, directing the course and general control of the vehicle while in motion and all other acts reasonably or necessarily incidental thereto."
Corbett J held, as against the second defendant, that the plaintiffs' injuries had not been caused by, nor had they arisen out of, the driving of the insured vehicle; accordingly, the exception was upheld with costs.
# Jules Gosselet

Jules-Auguste Gosselet (19 April 1832 – 20 March 1916) was a French geologist born in Cambrai, France.
Following unsuccessful studies of pharmacy, and a stint as a mathematics teacher at the Lycée du Quesnoy, he pursued a career in natural history. In 1853 he became a preparateur of geology at the Sorbonne, later obtaining his doctorate with a thesis titled Mémoire sur les terrains primaires de la Belgique, des environs d'Avesnes et du Boulonnais (1860).
He later taught high school physics and chemistry in Bordeaux, afterwards serving as an instructor of natural history at the Faculty of Poitiers. In 1864 he was appointed to the chair of geology at the recently established Faculty of Lille. In 1913 he became a non-resident member of the Academy of Sciences.
Gosselet is remembered for his geological studies of northern France, as demonstrated by the title of one of his better known works: Esquisse géologique du Nord de la France et des contrées voisines (Geological sketches of Nord and neighboring regions), (1880). Other significant writings include a geological treatise on the Ardennes, L'Ardenne (1888), and hydrogeological research on the aquifers of Nord, Leçons sur les nappes aquifères du Nord (1887). Also, he is credited with providing a thorough description of the geological beds in the limestone at Étrœungt (schistes et calcaire d’Etroeungt).
In the field of paleontology, he performed pioneer "zoometric" research of a species of brachiopod known as Spirifer verneuilli (Etudes sur les variations du Spirifer Verneuilli).
Since 1910, the Prix Gosselet is awarded every four years for accomplishments made in the field of applied geology. The mineral gosseletite, a phase of manganian andalusite, is named after him.
# Thomas Blenkinsop

Thomas Blenkinsop may refer to:
* Thomas Blenkinsop (MP) for Westmorland (UK Parliament constituency)
* Tom Blenkinsop (born 1980), English politician
# Welcome (band)

Welcome is a band from Seattle.

## Discography

* Sirs (Fat Cat Records)
* Sun as Night Light (RX Remedy)
* Six Songs on a CD (RX Remedy)
* Stoma 7" (RX Remedy)
* Split 7" with Mars Accelerator
# Quartz Creek

Quartz Creek might refer to:
* Quartz Creek (British Columbia), a stream in British Columbia, Canada
* Quartz Creek (California)
* Quartz Creek (Gunnison County, Colorado)
* Quartz Creek (Western Australia)
* Quartz Creek (Yukon), a stream in the Klondike region of Yukon, Canada
# Zolotaya Dolina (air base)

Zolotaya Dolina is a former airbase of the Russian Air Force located near Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai, Russia.
The base was home to the 47th Fighter Aviation Regiment between 1951 and 1998, and the 781st Fighter Aviation Regiment between 1953 and 1958.
# Pendeba Program

Pendeba is a community-based volunteer worker. This name was first proposed by PuQiong who is the vice director of the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve. It is made up of three Tibetan words: "Pen" means benefiting the whole community; "Deh" means harmonious, healthy, holistic; "Ba" means worker.

## Mission

Pendeba educates and empowers the local communities living in the conservation area to protect the natural resources, through the training, workshop and observation tours.

## Working strategy

1. All programs implement as partnership between government line agencies, local community and INGOs, NGOs
2. Encourage to mobilize the local resources
3. Awareness raising and capacity building through the training and workshops
4. Develop local human resource in order to achieve sustainability of the development programs
5. Establish model and experimentation centers
6. Expansion and scaling up the program in other villages and counties
7. Integrated development
# Sarre

Sarre can refer to:
* Saarland or Sarre, a German state
* Sarre (département), a former French département, now part of Germany
* Sarre, Aosta Valley, a town in Italy
* Sarre, Kent, a village in the United Kingdom
* Sarre river or Saar, a river in France and Germany
* Sarre (Bode), a river of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, tributary of the Bode
* La Sarre, a town in Quebec, Canada

## People with that surname

* Friedrich Sarre (1865–1945), German Orientalist, archaeologist and art historian
* Georges Sarre (1935–2019), French politician
* Ronald Sarre (1932–2009), Australian cricketer
* Tony Sarre, Australian filmmaker
# Primitive Baptist Universalist

The Primitive Baptist Universalists are Christian Universalist congregations located primarily in the central Appalachian region of the United States. They are popularly known as "No-Hellers" due to their belief that there is no Hell per se, but that Hell is actually experienced in this life.

## History

Although they did not split as a denomination away from other Primitive Baptists until 1924, the Primitive Baptist Universalists (PBUs) have been theologically distinct as Universalists since at least 1907, when the minutes of the Washington District Primitive Baptist Association record a reproval:
   Resolved, that whereas, we have been troubled with the doctrine of universalism that we advise the churches that if they have any elders preaching such heresies, or members arguing it, that they admonish them to quit preaching it or talking it, and if they fail to hear them to withdraw fellowship from such, and especially we admonish Hale Creek church to admonish Elder M. L. Compton to refrain from such doctrine.

## Theology

Baptist minister and historian Bill Leonard has characterized PBU beliefs as the result of "press[ing] ... Calvinism to the ... conclusion that Christ's redemption is so powerful that all will be redeemed." According to Leonard, PBUs believe "It's hell enough down here."
Specific tenets of PBU theology include:
* Universal reconciliation: Christ's atonement was for all humanity, and at Resurrection all humanity will be reunited with Christ for an eternity in Heaven.
* Hell is a factor of the temporal world, where temporal sins will be punished by an increased separation from God.
* Satan is an entity solely of the temporal world, existing only as "natural man" warring against "spiritual man."
* Sin, punishment, and death are factors only of the temporal world, thus ceasing to exist after Resurrection, and sin is punished in the temporal world by a separation from God.
* The joy of righteousness is its own reward, so retribution and reward are needed only for the here and now.

## Numbers and structure

Primitive Baptists do not participate in censuses of religious denominations, so there are no solid data on the number of PBUs or other Primitive Baptist groups. Bill Leonard estimated in 2011 that there were 1,000 or fewer PBU adherents in total, concentrated in 20 counties in Appalachia.
There are four associations of PBU congregations consisting of a total of thirty-three congregations located in area of northeastern Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Kentucky, with three PBU fellowships in Ohio, one in Pennsylvania, and Mt. Pleasant Primitive Baptist Church in Grayson, Louisiana:
* Regular Primitive Baptist Washington District Association
* The Three Forks of Powell's River Regular Primitive Baptist Association
* Elkhorn Primitive Baptist Association (1st)
* Elkhorn Primitive Baptist Association (2nd)

## Notable Primitive Baptist Universalists

* Ralph Stanley, bluegrass musician.
# Halfaya Sollum War Cemetery

Halfaya Sollum War Cemetery is a burial ground for military personnel who died in Egypt and Libya during the Second World War. It is located in Egypt, near the border with Libya. It is administered by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. There are 2,046 military personnel of the Second World War interred in the cemetery, including 238 that remain unidentified.

## History

There was extensive fighting between Allied and Axis forces in Egypt and Libya during the Western Desert campaign from 1940 to 1942. Halfaya Pass, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Sollum was the scene of major engagements in 1941 and 1942. After the war, several interments from the battlefield and nearby locations, including Fort Capuzzo, Bardia, Minquar el Zannan, and Camerons Burial Ground were consolidated to Halfaya Sollum War Cemetery.

## Cemetery

The Halfaya Sollum War Cemetery is located in Sollum, Egypt, on the coastal road running between Mersa Matruh and Libya. Laid out in a rectangular form, the cemetery's main entrance is along the east wall. A Cross of Sacrifice is centrally located and aligned with a Stone of Remembrance positioned against the west wall. Shelters are provided on the opposing north and south walls, with two more shelters on the west wall, on either side of the Stone of Remembrance.
The cemetery contains the remains of 2,046 military personnel, all from the Second World War. Most are from the period 1940 to 1942, while there are a few soldiers that died in 1943 and 1944. The majority of the identified interments are British, with 367 South Africans, 178 New Zealanders, 169 Australians, 141 Indians, eleven Canadians and two Greek military personnel also buried there. Notable burials in the cemetery include Colonel Graham Lyall, a First World War recipient of the Victoria Cross who was serving with the Royal Army Ordnance Corps when he died of a heart attack in November 1941, and Squadron Leader Derek Ward, a New Zealand flying ace who served with the Royal Air Force. He was killed in June 1942.