OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Morane-Borel military monoplane

The Morane-Borel military monoplane was an unsuccessful French single-engine, multi-seat prototype aircraft built in 1911 for the Reims Military Aviation Competition hosted by the French Army. The aircraft only met one of the requirements and was eliminated from the competition.

## Design

The military monoplane was derived from Morane-Borel's successful single-seat monoplane, enlarged and reinforced to carry the pilot and two passengers. It was a mid-wing tractor configuration monoplane powered by a 100-horsepower (75 kW) Gnome double Omega 14-cylinder rotary engine driving a two-bladed propeller. The fuselage was a rectangular-section, wire-braced box girder, with only the forward part covered. The two-spar wings were given a trapezoidal shape, lengthened by seven ribs, and retained the elliptical ends of the earlier aircraft. The wings were braced by two pyramidal cabanes in front of the pilot, one on each side of the fuselage, and an inverted V-strut underneath the fuselage, behind the landing gear. Additional pairs of guy-wires were added to reinforce the longer wings.
Lateral control was effected by wing warping and the empennage consisted of a fixed horizontal stabilizer with tip-mounted full-chord elevators at the ends and a vertical stabilizer. The undercarriage was reinforced by the addition of an extra strut fastened to the forward end of the fuselage and consisted of two pairs of three strut assemblies, each with a pair of wheels on an axle and a skid, and a double tailskid.

## History

In mid-1911, the French Army decided to sponsor a competitive event to be held at Reims in October. Each aircraft would be evaluated on two criteria, their ability to take off from a plowed field and to carry three people weighing at least a total of 300 kilograms (660 lb) for a distance of 300 kilometers (190 mi) at a speed of at least 60 kilometers per hour (37 mph). The first prize was 700,000 francs plus additional sums for increases in speed over 60 km/h, as well as a commitment by the military to purchase 10 aircraft. The Morane-Borel leadership and its chief designer, Raymond Saulnier, decided to build an entry to demonstrate the principles behind its race-winning predecessor and to serve as an advertisement for the company. Piloted by Jules Védrines, the aircraft successfully took off from a wet plowed field. It flew carrying one passenger, but failed to lift the required mass due to the weight of its reinforced structure and was eliminated from the competition.

## Specifications

From: Lacaze & Lherbert, Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets, p. 16
General characteristics
* Crew: 3
* Length: 7.8 m (25 ft 7 in)
* Wingspan: 12.3 m (40 ft 4 in)
* Wing area: 22 m$^2$ (240 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 530 kg (1,168 lb)
* Gross weight: 850 kg (1,874 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Gnome double Omega 14-cylinder, air-cooled rotary engine , 75 kW (100 hp)
Performance
# Urupá River

The Urupá River is a river of Rondônia state in western Brazil. It is a left tributary of the Ji-Paraná River.
Its source is in the Pacaás Novos National Park.
# Metallica Resources

Metallica Resources Inc. was a Canadian-based mineral and gold mining company.
Metallica Resources was a publicly held Canadian mineral exploration and development company with a geographic focus in the Americas. The company had an ownership interest in a gold project at Cerro de San Pedro Mexico. This project generated legal challenges and concerted opposition by local citizens and organizations across Mexico and North America. The concerns were that the open-pit cyanide leach-pit process used by the project would produce irreparable harm to the environment and historical patrimony of this region in Mexico. Over the years, Mexican courts suspended or revoked various permits for Metallica's Cerro de San Pedro project. There were fourteen cases before the Mexican courts awaiting resolution. The Cerro de San Pedro case was also reviewed by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). In addition, the company had a significant copper-gold project in Chile. Metallica's corporate goal was to build shareholder value through growth of its existing assets and pursuit of quality investment opportunities.
The company was acquired by New Gold Inc., and delisted from the Toronto Stock Exchange effective July 4, 2008.
# Hugolino of Orvieto

Hugolino of Orvieto, O.S.A. was an important Scholastic theologian and Augustinian friar of the fourteenth century, representing the Augustinian School of thought within the theological and philosophical spheres.
Hugolino was born sometime after 1300 in Orvieto in modern-day Italy and died in 1373 in Aquapendente. The first written mentions of Hugolino came in 1334, when he studied at the University of Paris from 1335 to 1338. Between 1347 and 1348, Hugolino gave lectures on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, and was promoted to the position of Master of Theology in 1352. Later, between 1357 and 1360, Hugolino taught at the Augustinian Order's house of studies in Perugia, and from 1360, Hugolino taught at the University of Bologna.
Later, in 1368, Hugolino was elected as prior general of the Augustinian Order, and later on in 1370, he was consecrated Bishop of Gallipoli. A year later in 1371, Hugolino was appointed as the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople by Pope Gregory XI, and was made the administrator of the diocese of Rimini.

## Thought

Hugolino's thought was rooted strongly in that of St Augustine and his fellow Augustinian friar, Gregory of Rimini, and Hugolino viciously attacked the Aristotelianism that prevailed prior to the fourteenth century within the theological sphere, particularly with regards to Aristotelian ethics. He focused particularly on Augustine's notion of divine illumination, and maintained the necessity of God's grace in all the morally good acts that the human performs. Moreover, Hugolino strongly opposed Joachim of Fiore's understanding of the Trinity.
# Rotvatnet

Rotvatnet or Nervatnet (Norwegian) or Ruohtsajávrre (Lule Sami) is a lake in Hamarøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The lake lies just west of the village of Tømmerneset. The European route E6 highway runs along the eastern shore of the lake. The lake Strindvatnet lies to the south of this lake.
# Plectoneura

Plectoneura is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Hugh R. O'Connell

Hugh R. O'Connell (July 22, 1919 – June 30, 1987) was an American attorney and judge from Wisconsin. He was a Wisconsin Circuit Court Judge in Milwaukee County from 1968 until his retirement in 1983. Earlier, he served as Milwaukee County District Attorney from 1964 to 1968.

## Early life and career

O'Connell was born in Butler, Wisconsin. He graduated from the Arizona State College before receiving a law degree from Marquette University Law School in 1952. Following his graduation, O'Connell worked as an attorney for Northwestern Mutual, a Milwaukee insurance company. From 1954 to 1964, O'Connell worked as a Milwaukee County prosecutor, eventually serving as a first assistant district attorney under longtime district attorney William McCauley. When McCauley died in 1964, O'Connell was named to replace him on the Democratic ticket, edging out the party's preferred candidate, Donald W. Steinmetz. O'Connell was appointed interim district attorney by Governor John W. Reynolds shortly thereafter and was elected to the office in the November general election.

## Tenure in elected office

O'Connell served as district attorney until 1968, when he sought election to a criminal judgeship on the Milwaukee County Circuit Court. In the general election, O'Connell faced Dominic Frinzi, a prominent attorney and politician who had represented underworld figure Frank Balistrieri; asserting his opposition to organized crime, O'Connell handily defeated Frinzi. As a judge, O'Connell was praised as a "superintellect" and as a fair decisionmaker. The Milwaukee Journal contrasted his moderate judicial philosophy favorably with the conservatism of fellow judge John L. Coffey, who was later appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
Although respected as a jurist, O'Connell was criticized for his own ties to the Milwaukee underworld. In 1988, after his death, the Milwaukee Sentinel asserted that O'Connell's career had been "filled with links to crime figures", citing, among other incidents, a mob figure's recorded remarks that O'Connell was "one of the judges we've been talking to for 10 years". The Sentinel also noted that, three years after defeating Frinzi, O'Connell appointed Frank Balistrieri's son Joseph as a court commissioner.
O'Connell retired from the bench in 1983, citing his growing frustration with his criminal calendar and his desire to write spy fiction. He died four years later, in 1987, of spinal cancer.
# Jämijärvi Airfield

Jämijärvi Airfield (ICAO: EFJM) is an airfield in Jämijärvi, Finland, about 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Jämijärvi municipal centre. It is one of the busiest general aviation airfields in Finland.
A serious aviation accident happened near the airfield in April 2014.

## History

Airfield is established in 1935.
# Moses Thatcher

Moses Thatcher (February 2, 1842 – August 22, 1909) was an apostle and a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He was one of only a few members of the Quorum of the Twelve to be dropped from the Quorum but to remain in good standing in the church and retain the priesthood office of apostle.

## Early life

Thatcher was born in Sangamon County, Illinois, to Hezekiah Thatcher and Alena Kitchen. The Thatcher family joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in 1843, and moved to Macedonia, Illinois, and later to Nauvoo. Together, with the main body of the church, they began their trek westward in 1846 and arrived in the Salt Lake Valley in September 1847.
Hezekiah and Alena, with seven of their eight living children (including Thatcher), departed for California in 1849, seeking to acquire wealth through the Gold Rush. They returned to Utah Territory in 1857. Thatcher served a mission for the church at age 15, from which he returned in 1858. In 1859, the family settled in Cache Valley, where Thatcher helped Hezekiah locate canal and mill sites.
From 1860 to 1861, Thatcher studied at the University of Deseret. From 1866 to 1868, he served a second mission, this one to the United Kingdom and France. He later served as the church's first mission president in Mexico.

## Apostolic service

Thatcher became an apostle and a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in April 1879. He replaced Orson Hyde, who died on November 28, 1878.
From 1880 to 1898, Thatcher was the second assistant to Wilford Woodruff in the superintendency of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association (YMMIA).
At the April 1896 General Conference of the church, Thatcher was dropped from the Quorum of the Twelve in consequence of his not being "in harmony" with the other leaders of the church about a proposed policy called "The Political Rule of the Church," commonly referred to as "the political Manifesto." This policy would have required that the general authorities of the church to obtain the approval of the First Presidency before seeking public office. This statement was signed by all the apostles at the time except Thatcher, who refused on grounds of conscience, citing the church's long-standing position on political neutrality. (Apostle Anthon Lund also did not sign the document due to his absence while presiding over the church's European Mission.)
However, Thatcher was not excommunicated from the church and retained his position in the leadership of the YMMIA. Thatcher remained supportive of the church after being removed from the Quorum, testifying on many occasions of the divinity of the work and the divinity of the calling of its leaders. Matthias F. Cowley replaced Thatcher in the Quorum of the Twelve. Thatcher held the priesthood office of apostle until his death.

## Post-Quorum of the Twelve service

After being removed from the quorum, Thatcher testified in the Reed Smoot hearings held before the Senate Committee on Privileges and Elections. He was supportive of the church and its positions.
Thatcher died at his home on August 22, 1909, in Logan, Utah.
# Kakha Kukava

Kakha Kukava (Georgian: კახა კუკავა; born July 12, 1976, in Tbilisi) is a Georgian politician, former member of Parliament of Georgia and a leader of Free Georgia.

## Biography

Kukava was born in Tbilisi on July 12, 1976. He graduated from the Tbilisi State University with a degree in law. Kukava held several governmental positions since the 1990s and practiced law when he worked as a lawyer until 2003.
As a member of Conservative Party of Georgia he joined coalition with United National Movement and participated in Rose Revolution. In 2004 repeat parliamentary elections, he was elected as a member of Parliament of Georgia from bloc "National Movement - Democrats". In 2005 Kukava left UNM alongside Conservative Party and joined opposition of Mikheil Saakashvili. Since 2007 - chairman of the largest parliamentary faction "Democratic Front".
In parliament Kukava initiated several draft laws, including "about withdrawal of Georgia from CIS", "about Lustration", "Rehabilitation of supporters of the first President Zviad Gamsakhurdia".
Kukava was strongly opposing President Saakashvili, Interior minister Merabishvili and Prosecutor General Zurab Adeishvili. In 2007-2009 he was one of the leaders of United opposition coalition and organizer of mass protest against government.
In 2008 he was again elected in parliament, however like other members of opposition he declared elections rigged and decided not to join parliament. In 2010 Kukava was elected as member of Tbilisi city council.
In 2010 Kukava left the Conservative Party and founded Free Georgia party. In 2011 he was elected as chairman of the party.
Kukava participated in parliamentary by elections (2013) in Nadzaladevi single mandate district and came secondwith 17.26% after candidate of Ruling Georgian Dream candidate.
Kukava is married and has three children.
# Matthias Höhn

Matthias Höhn (born 19 August 1975) is a German politician. Born in Stolberg, Saxony-Anhalt, he represents The Left. Matthias Höhn has served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Saxony-Anhalt from 2017 to 2021.

## Life

Matthias Höhn was born in Stolberg in the Harz Mountains, but grew up in Sangerhausen from 1977 onwards, where he also spent his entire school career. In 1982 he was enrolled at the Polytechnic High School (POS) "Bernhard Koenen". From 1984 to 1991 he then attended the POS "Juri Gagarin" and from 1991 to 1994 the state grammar school "Geschwister Scholl", which he left with High school graduation. He completed his military service in 1994/95. From 1995 to 2003 he studied journalism and communication sciences and Slavic philology at the Free University of Berlin. He was a member of the state parliament of Saxony-Anhalt from 2002 to 2017. He became member of the bundestag after the 2017 German federal election. He is a member of the defense committee. For his group he is spokesman for security policy. Höhn is married with his husband.
# Royal Canadian Regiment Museum

The Royal Canadian Regiment Museum is located at Wolseley Barracks (the former CFB London) in London, Ontario, Canada.

## History

Although original architectural drawings of Wolseley Hall drafted in 1886 show space allocated to a museum, the museum in its current form was officially opened in 1983 during the royal visit of H.R.H. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. It is dedicated to the exploits of The Royal Canadian Regiment. Artifacts displayed in the museum cover the regiment's activities from the Yukon Gold Rush to their recent work in Afghanistan.
The museum preserves regimental history and serves as a training medium to teach regimental history through the collection of documents, pictures, books, military artifacts, etc. It provides research facilities for the study of Canadian military history dating from 1833 in so far as it affects The Royal Canadian Regiment. The museum displays and illustrates in an appropriate manner the dress, weapons, and customs of the regiment’s military heritage including the history of The London and Oxford Fusiliers (The Canadian Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), and The Oxford Rifles – of Woodstock, Ontario). The museum serves as a place of military interest for the public and Canadian Forces personnel.

## Collection

Collecting regimental artifacts is an activity that goes back to the beginnings of The RCR. To fulfill its mandate, the museum continues to pro-actively collect historically significant objects and archives that are connected to The RCR history. A large variety of artifacts forms our collection today: regimental memorials, silverware, uniforms, medals, original art, weapons, military equipment, archives, musical instruments, etc.
Among the significant items on display is a scarf which is an exact replica of one hand knit by Queen Victoria during the Second Boer War (one of eight that she made). The original scarf presented to Private Richard Thompson of The RCR is on display in the Canadian War Museum. Four such scarves were presented to soldiers of the British Army, and four to soldiers of colonial forces (Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa).
Other items of interest are a wooden cross from Flanders Fields, a recreation of a World War I trench and a street scene from the Italian Campaign. Outside the museum is a display of artillery and military vehicles, including a Universal Carrier, a 25 pounder and a Lynx reconnaissance vehicle.
The museum also holds the medals of Brigadier Milton F. Gregg, VC and of General Charles Foulkes, the man who accepted Nazi German Generaloberst Johannes Blaskowitz' capitulation agreement at the Hotel de Wereld in Wageningen (Netherlands) on 5 May 1945, effectively ending World War II in Europe.
* Canadian Ross Rifle, Mk.1, at RCR Museum in London,
* 35 pistol at RCR Museum in London,
* Japanese Type 41 75 mm Mountain Gun, at RCR Museum in London,
* British anti-tank weapon PIAT, at RCR Museum in London,
* Sherman M4A2E8 (76 mm) HVSS tank at RCR Museum in London,
# Plicofollis magatensis

Plicofollis magatensis is a species of catfish in the family Ariidae. It was described by Albert William Herre in 1926, originally under the genus Arius. It inhabits freshwaters in the Philippines. It reaches a maximum total length of 45 cm (18 in).
# Hugues Lepic

Hugues Bernard Charles Lepic (born c. 1965) is a private equity professional and investor who is the founder and chief executive officer of Aleph Capital Partners. He previously spent 22 years with Goldman Sachs.

## Education

Lepic holds an M.Sc. from the École Polytechnique in France and an MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

## Career

Lepic is the founder and chief executive officer of Aleph Capital Partners. He founded Aleph in 2013 after 22 years as a private equity professional with Goldman Sachs in New York. He was a partner there for 12 years.

## Appointments

Lepic has been a director of Eutelsat Communications SA, Prysmian Spa, Groupe Eurotunnel SA, Iliad SA, Neuf Cegetel SA, Pages Jaunes Groupe, and Technicolor SA.

## Property dispute

In 2004, Lepic bought a home in Cheyne Walk in London and acquired the freehold of an adjacent property with a sitting tenant at the same time. In 2015, a dispute between Lepic and his tenants reached the courts in London when Lepic successfully argued that he was entitled to possession of the house.
# Jämaja

Jämaja is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
# Moses Tito Kachima

Moses Tito Kachima is a member of the African Union's Economic, Social and Cultural Council, representing Southern Africa.
# Kakhaber I Gurieli

Kakhaber Gurieli (Georgian: კახაბერ გურიელი, fl. 1352) was a member of the House of Dadiani and eristavi ("duke") of Guria in western Georgia in the latter half of the 14th century. He is the first known ruler of Guria to be styled as Gurieli.
Kakhaber was a younger son of Giorgi II Dadiani (died 1384), eristavi of Odishi, and brother to Giorgi's successor Vameq I Dadiani. Kakhaber, as the first Gurieli, was identified by the Georgian historian Dimitri Bakradze based on a now-lost icon inscription from 1352, which credited him, along with his wife Anna, with building the Likhauri Church in Guria. Thus, at that time, Guria appears to have been a fief of the secundogeniture of the Dadiani. Kakhaber is also mentioned as eristavi of the Svans, whence the Vardanisdze, forefathers of the Dadiani-Gurieli dynasts, stemmed.
Kakhaber can be the unnamed Vardanisdze of Prince Vakhushti's chronicle, who was deprived of his Svan lands by King Bagrat V of Georgia and recompensed with Guria after the Svans had attacked and burned down the royal city of Kutaisi in 1361. It is also possible that Kakhaber is the "archon" of Guria, whom the contemporaneous Trapezuntine chronicler Michael Panaretos witnessed, on 6 August 1372, offering a proskynesis to his royal suzerain during the meeting of Alexios III of Trebizond with Bagrat V of Georgia at the Black Sea town of Batumi.
Kakhaber's son and possible successor was Giorgi Gurieli, who is known, along with his wife Elene, from an inscription from the Likhauri church dated to 1422, as well as undated inscriptions mentioning his sons—Mamia, his possible successor as Duke of Guria, and Kaikubad.
# Uropterygius polyspilus

Uropterygius polyspilus is a moray eel found in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It is commonly known as the large-spotted snake moray.
# Matthias Hoogen

Matthias Hoogen (June 25, 1904 – July 13, 1985) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and former member of the German Bundestag.

## Life

In 1945 Hoogen participated in the refoundation of the centre. Shortly before the 1949 federal elections, he joined the CDU.
Hoogen was a member of the Economic Council of Bizone in 1948/49. He was a member of the German Bundestag from its first election in 1949 to 1964 and represented the constituency of Kempen-Krefeld in parliament as a member of parliament who was always directly elected.

## Literature

Herbst, Ludolf; Jahn, Bruno (2002). Vierhaus, Rudolf (ed.). Biographisches Handbuch der Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages. 1949–2002 [Biographical Handbook of the Members of the German Bundestag. 1949–2002] (in German). München: De Gruyter - De Gruyter Saur. p. 1715. ISBN 978-3-11-184511-1.