OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wilhelm Ehmann

Wilhelm Ehmann (5 December 1904 – 16 April 1989) was a German musicologist, editor, church musician and conductor. He founded the choir Westfälische Kantorei that toured internationally and made many recordings. He was a cofounder and director of the later Hochschule für Kirchenmusik Herford.

## Career

Ehmann was born in Freistatt, the son of a dean at the Bethel Institution. After working as an elementary school teacher for a short time, he studied musicology at the universities of Freiburg and Leipzig, with Wilibald Gurlitt, among others. He was promoted to Ph.D. in Freiburg. He worked first as an assistant at the university and Gauchormeister of Baden. He joined the Nazi Party in 1937. From 1938, he was a private lecturer and editor of the magazine Deutsche Musikkultur. He also worked for the department of organ music at the Reichsjugendführung From 1940 to 1945, he was the head of the institute of musicology at the University of Innsbruck.
After World War II, he moved to Lippinghausen [de] near Herford, where he was church musician of the village church. From 1948, he was Landeskirchenmusikwart (district head of church music) of the der Protestant Church of Westphalia and founded the Westfälische Landeskirchenmusikschule in Herford, which became the Hochschule für Kirchenmusik Herford [de] in 1991. He was succeeded in 1976 by Uwe Karsten Groß [de]. He was also a lecturer for church music at the University of Münster. He was on the boards of national and international institutions of church music, including the Arbeitskreis für Haus- und Jugendmusik from 1951, the Internationaler Arbeitskreis Musik from 1951, the Internationale Heinrich-Schütz-Gesellschaft from 1956, and Deutscher Musikrat from 1959. He died in Freiburg im Breisgau.

## Choral and brass music

Ehmann focused on performing choral sacred music and pursued historically informed performance early, recording works by Dieterich Buxtehude, Heinrich Schütz and Johann Sebastian Bach, among others. He also conducted works by more recent composers such as Hugo Distler and Ernst Pepping. He founded the Westfälische Kantorei (Westphalian Chorale) which became known internationally. He published introductions to choral conducting, such as Die Chorführung in 1968. He also inspired historically informed performance for brass ensembles, leading to reproductions of historic instruments. He published tutorials for brass music such as Die Bläserfibel from 1951, and also music for brass such as Alte Spielmusik für Bläser. He toured in Europe, the Near East and Far East, Africa and the US. In 1957 he founded the first record label focused on sacred music, Cantate, together with Carl Merseburger. He taught choral conductors in master classes, especially in the US and St. Moritz, Switzerland. His textbooks on choral conducting were translated to English.

## Awards

* Bundesverdienstkreuz 1. Klasse (9 July 1969)
* Honorary Doctor, Westminster Choir Princeton, US (1978)
# Wilhelm Eilers

Wilhelm Eilers (27 September 1906 in Leipzig – 3 July 1989 in Würzburg) was a German Iranist.

## Life

Eilers studied music and law as well as linguistics and the cuneiform script in Freiburg im Breisgau, Munich and Leipzig, among others. With Hans Heinrich Schaeder. He made the acquaintance of Walther Hinz. In 1931 he received his doctorate in Leipzig on forms of society in ancient Babylonian law. In the same year he became a member of the DMG. In 1936 he completed his habilitation at Schaeder in Leipzig. From 1936 he was a research assistant at the Archaeological Institute of the German Empire (AIDR) in Berlin. In 1937 he traveled to Iran, first in Tehran, then in Isfahan to set up a branch of the AIDR, after Eilers failed to come up with a plan to set up a branch in Baghdad in Iraq due to a lack of financial support from the Führer’s office.

## Book

Eilers, Wilhelm (1979). Die Al: Ein persisches Kindbettgespenst (Sitzungsberichte / Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse). Komm: bei Beck. p. 86. ISBN 376961500X.

## Works

* Der alte Name des persischen Neujahrsfestes. 1953
* Deutsch-Persisches Wörterbuch. In mehreren Lieferungen von A bis feucht erschienen zwischen 1959 und 1983.
* Als Herausgeber: Persische Handschriften. Teil 1. 1968.
* Die vergleichend-semasiologische Methode in der Orientalistik. 1974.
* Herausgegeben mit Ulrich Schapka: Westiranische Mundarten aus der Sammlung Wilhelm Eilers. Band 1: Die Mundart von Chunsar. 1976; Band 2: Die Mundart von Gäz. 1979; Band 3: Die Mundart von Sivänd. 1988.
* Sinn und Herkunft der Planetennamen. 1978.
* Geographische Namengebung in und um Iran. Ein Überblick in Beispielen. 1982.
* Der Name Demawend. 1988.
# Wickhamford Manor

Wickhamford Manor, Wickhamford, Worcestershire is a manor house dating from the 16th century. It was the childhood home of James Lees-Milne, the writer. The manor is a Grade II listed building.

## History

The manor was originally a monastic grange in the possession of Evesham Abbey. Following the Dissolution of the monasteries, it was granted by Elizabeth I to Thomas Throckmorton in 1562. Throckmorton sold the manor to Samuel Sandys in 1594 and the Sandys family retained ownership until 1860. Penelope Washington, daughter of a later Sandys and a distant relative of George Washington, lived at the manor in the 17th century. Her tomb in the estate church of St John the Baptist, is carved with the Washington coat of arms, three stars above two bars (or stripes), which is traditionally assumed to be the origin of the Stars and Stripes, although this is disputed.
In 1906 the manor was bought by George Lees-Milne. The Lees, and their relatives the Cromptons, were originally from Lancashire, where they had made considerable fortunes from coal mining and cotton spinning. In 1908, George's son James was born at the house. An exaggerated portrait of his parents as "a pair of ludicrous eccentrics", and his difficult relationships with them is recorded in the early chapters of his volume of autobiography, Another Self.
George Lees-Milne sold Wickhamford in 1947, two years before his death. In 2010, it was again for sale, at a guide price of £2.95 million.

## Architecture and description

Pevsner describes the grouping of manor house, ancillary buildings and church around a lake, originally a medieval fish pond, as "highly picturesque". The present manor buildings date from the 16th century, with later additions. It has a timber frame, infilled with limestone rubble, is of two storeys and built to an E-plan. Much is early 20th century reconstruction and expansion undertaken by George Lees-Milne. The dovecote by the lake is genuinely medieval, dating from the 13th century, and has its own Grade II listing.
# Stierva

Stierva is a former municipality in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Alvaschein, Mon, Stierva, Tiefencastel, Alvaneu, Brienz/Brinzauls and Surava merged to form the new municipality of Albula/Alvra.
In the 2000 census, some two-thirds of the population declared Romansh as a first language, with most of the rest speaking German.

## History

Stierva is first mentioned in 841 Seturiuo. Until 1943 Stierva was known as Stürvis.

## Geography

Before the merger, Stierva had a total area of 10.5 km$^2$ (4.1 sq mi). Of this area, 49.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 42.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.8% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (6.7%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).
The municipality is located in the Alvaschein sub-district of the Albula district. It is a haufendorf (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) above the lower Albula valley.

## Demographics

Stierva had a population (as of 2013) of 134. As of 2008, 1.5% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -5.8%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks Rhaeto-Romance (66.4%), with German being second most common (32.8%) and Italian being third ( 0.8%).
As of 2000, the gender distribution of the population was 46.6% male and 53.4% female. The age distribution, as of 2000, in Stierva is; 20 people or 15.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old. 6 people or 4.7% are 10 to 14, and people or 0.0% are 15 to 19. Of the adult population, 17 people or 13.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 21 people or 16.4% are 30 to 39, 15 people or 11.7% are 40 to 49, and 12 people or 9.4% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 13 people or 10.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 16 people or 12.5% are 70 to 79, there are 7 people or 5.5% who are 80 to 89, and there is 1 person or 0.8% who are 90 to 99.
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 45.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (40.6%), the SPS (7.8%) and the FDP (5.9%).
In Stierva about 66.7% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).
Stierva has an unemployment rate of 0%. As of 2005, there were 21 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 6 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 2 businesses in this sector. 7 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 4 businesses in this sector.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
| 1850 | 179 |
| 1900 | 150 |
| 1950 | 150 |
| 1960 | 130 |
| 1970 | 114 |
| 1980 | 113 |
| 1990 | 100 |
| 2000 | 137 |
| 2010 | 140 |
# Sternford Moyo

Sternford Moyo (1956 – 5 July 2024) was a Zimbabwean lawyer who was the president of International Bar Association. He was the first person of African descent to lead the organization.
Sternford was the senior partner and chairman of one of Zimbabwe's oldest and largest law firms, Scanlen & Holderness, which he joined in 1981. He was widely regarded as one of the leading corporate and commercial lawyers in Southern Africa.
He was a president of both the Law Society of Zimbabwe and the Southern African Development Community Lawyers' Association, co-chairperson of the Human Rights Institute of the International Bar Association, chairman of Stanbic Bank Zimbabwe Limited - a leading commercial bank in Zimbabwe which is a member of the Standard Bank group - chairman of Schweppes Zimbabwe Limited, chairman of the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority and a director of several companies including Alpha Media Holdings Limited, one of the largest and most diversified media companies and Portland Holdings Limited, one of the largest cement companies in Zimbabwe.

## Biography

Moyo was the Bar leader in Zimbabwe and Southern Africa, as well as corporate leader in mining and leadership development. He has been chosen by the United States Information Services to participate in a program which familiarizes young African leaders with the American legal system and its roots. He enrolled on a media advocacy course at Oxford University.
Moyo died on 5 July 2024.
# Stokke IL

Stokke Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from Stokke, Vestfold. It has sections for association football, team handball, orienteering, gymnastics and Nordic skiing.
It was founded on 15 January 1931 as the skiing club Stokke SK. Known skiers from Stokke IL include Kristian Horntvedt., Kristoffer R. Moslet and Sindre Stokke. Stokke IL ski team finished third in the Norwegian championship in 2007 at Meråker. The team consisted of Sindre Stokke, Espen Harald Bjerke and Kristian Horntvedt.
The men's football team currently plays in the Fourth Division, the fifth tier of Norwegian football. It last played in the Norwegian Second Division in 1997.
# Stolephorus tri

Stolephorus tri, the spined anchovy, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

## Size

This species reaches a length of 9.5 cm (3.7 in).
# Stoliarenko

Stoliarenko is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Julija Stoliarenko (born 1993), Lithuanian mixed martial artist
* Mariia Stoliarenko (born 2004), Ukrainian badminton player
# William Clackson

William Clackson (c. 1799–?) was a shoemaker living in Glasgow at the time of the "Radical War" of 1820. He was sentenced to death for his part in the uprising, but this was subsequently commuted to transportation to New South Wales. He left Scotland in the convict ship Speke on 22 December 1820.
Clackson arrived in Australia on 18 May 1821. In the 1828 census he is recorded, age 29, as working as a shoemaker in Sydney, living with his wife Margaret, aged 28, who arrived in the colony on the Orpheus in 1826.
On 10 August 1835 Clackson was granted, in common with the other Bonnymuir insurgents, an absolute pardon.
# William Brattle House

The William Brattle House is an historic house in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is one of the seven Colonial mansions described by historian Samuel Atkins Eliot as making up Tory Row, housing several prominent figures in early colonial history. It remains in use by the Cambridge Center for Adult Education.

## History

The house was built in 1727 for Major General William Brattle, at that time the wealthiest man in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the son of William Brattle and nephew of Thomas Brattle. After the 1774 incident known as the Powder Alarm, an angry mob surrounded the Brattle mansion and forced the family to flee to Boston. At age 70, Brattle left Boston for Halifax, Nova Scotia on Evacuation Day, March 17, 1776, and died a few months later on October 26, 1776. He was buried in the Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia).
According to Edward Abbott, writing in 1859,
   General Brattle conveyed all his real estate in Cambridge, December 13, 1774, to his only surviving son, Major Thomas Brattle... By the persevering efforts of Mrs. Katherine Wendell, the only surviving daughter of General Brattle, the estate was preserved from confiscation, and was recovered by Major Brattle after his return from Europe,—having been proscribed in 1778, and having subsequently exhibited satisfactory evidence of his friendship to his country and its political independence.
Nevertheless, the home was used temporarily as a headquarters by Thomas Mifflin and hosted a number of important figures from the early Revolutionary War period, including John Adams, who visited here before his trip to Philadelphia to sign the Declaration of Independence.
For a time, the William Brattle House was home to American journalist Margaret Fuller. Fuller's uncle Abraham owned the home at the time, and the Fuller family moved in shortly after Timothy Fuller's unsuccessful campaign for lieutenant governor of Massachusetts as an Anti-Mason. They arrived in September 1831 and left by April 1833. The young Fuller did not enjoy her time here and referred to the opulent home as her "gilded cage". While living here on Christmas Day 1834, she ran out of a church service and had the inspirational thought "that there was no self; that selfishness was folly" and that she must teach herself to "act in cooperation with the constraints of life".
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and included in an expansion of the Harvard Square Historic District in 1988. It is currently owned and maintained by the Cambridge Center for Adult Education, a non-profit organization that was incorporated in 1938. CCAE also owns the historic Dexter Pratt House.

## Gallery

* Brattle House in 1937
# William Brassington (cricketer)

William Brassington (18 July 1881 – 7 June 1938) was a cricketer. He played in three first-class matches for British Guiana in 1901/02.
# Stone (comics)

Stone, in comics, may refer to:
* Stone (Marvel Comics), a number of Marvel Comics characters
* Stone (manga), a title from Tokyopop
* Tyler Stone (Marvel Comics), a Marvel Comics character
* John Stone (comics), a character from Wildstorm's Planetary
* Mike Stone, a Marvel character using the name Sunturion
Comic creators with the surname Stone:
* Chic Stone, America comics artist
* Dave Stone, British writer
It may also refer to:
* Stone Boy, a member of the Legion of Substitute Heroes
* Stone Soup (comic strip)
* Stonecutter (comics), a Marvel Comics character
* Stonewall (comics), a Marvel Comics character
# William Craig (broadcaster)

William (Bill) Craig is a Canadian broadcaster.
Craig began his career as a researcher for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's This Hour Has Seven Days. He subsequently joined the programming departments at the CBC, TVOntario and Rogers Cable. He was also a policy analyst for the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission in the 1970s.
In the 1990s, Craig launched four regional sports networks in the United States. In 1999, he launched iCraveTV, a controversial website which offered streaming broadcasts of television stations. He shut down the website the following year after a copyright infringement lawsuit from the American broadcasters whose signals were available on the service.
He acquired PrideVision, Canada's LGBT television network, in 2004, and announced plans to improve the channel's cable distribution by separating its adult entertainment and general interest programming onto two distinct channels.
In 2005, the CRTC approved Craig's licence for an adult entertainment channel, and relaunched PrideVision as OUTtv and carried the PrideVision name to the adult channel named HARD on PrideVision, later renamed HARDtv. In 2006, Craig sold his interest in OUTtv and HARDtv to Shavick Entertainment and Pink Triangle Press.
In 2011, Craig became the CEO of Citywest, a municipally-owned communications company in Northwest BC.
# Wilfred Armster

Wilfred John Oskar Armster was an American architect, and principal of the Connecticut-based Wilfred Armster Architects.

## Education and early work

Armster was born in Manhattan in 1938, and raised in The Bronx, New York, until beginning college in 1956. After graduating from Stuyvesant High School in Manhattan, Armster studied at several schools and colleges, including Gettysburg and Syracuse, and studied architecture at the Technical University of Munich, eventually completing his a degree in architecture at the University of Michigan in 1964. He began his career at the Detroit offices of Smith, Hinchman & Grylls in the mid-1960s. After moving to CT in 1968 and working in New Haven, CT for Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo Associates in the late 1960s, Armster established his own firm in Guilford, CT, in 1971.

## Residential projects

Armster’s geometrically austere structures contain frequent references to bridges, walls and holes, and usually feature at least one side with no openings or windows. Many of his residential buildings were designed for difficult, steeply sloped lots. He won his first AIA Award for The Bridge House in Farmington, CT, a toppled “L”-form built on a steeply wooded site, pictured here. A later Bridge House by Armster is located in Ann Arbor, MI, and features a 120-foot span over a meadow between two hills. The Ann Arbor project won the AIA Connecticut 2009 Design Award, whose jury cited the project’s “taut simplicity.”
Armster’s projects are frequently constructed with minimum changes to the natural state of the sites on which they are built. Several have had trees growing through them, though some have been removed by owners. His inclination to leave the trees as close to his buildings remained with him throughout his life and career, including in his own home.
Armster's 1987 project in Guilford, Connecticut, an elongated copper-clad structure, was initially opposed by local residents who felt its modernist form was incompatible with the town’s colonial heritage. However, the building has become a well recognized and accepted landmark in the decades since.

## Awards

* CSA AIA Award, 1981 – Farmington Bridge House, Farmington, CT
* AIA Connecticut 2009 Design Award – Bridge House, Ann Arbor, MI

## Publications

* South Carolina Architecture 1970-2000, Clemson University Press, pp, 64-65
# William Andrews

William or Willie Andrews may refer to:

## Politics and law

* William Drennan Andrews (1832–1924), Irish judge
* William Henry Andrews (1846–1919), American politician
* William E. Andrews (1854–1942), U.S. Congressman from Nebraska
* William Shankland Andrews (1858–1936), American lawyer, judge, and politician
* William L. Andrews (1865–1936), American politician in the Virginia Senate
* William H. Andrews (unionist) (1870–1950), English politician in South Africa
* William Noble Andrews (1876–1937), U.S. Congressman from Maryland
* William T. Andrews (1898–1984), American politician in the New York State Assembly
* William C. Andrews (1934–2021), American politician in the Florida House of Representatives
* William F. Andrews (politician) (born 1946), American politician in the Florida House of Representatives
* William Andrews III (born 1952), American politician in the Mississippi House of Representatives

## Religion

* William Andrews (priest) (fl. 1702–1736), Irish Anglican priest and educationalist
* William Eusebius Andrews (1773–1837), English religious journalist
* William Watson Andrews (1810–1897), American clergyman of the Catholic Apostolic Church
* William Buckton Andrews (1829–1918), Anglican clergyman in South Australia, a.k.a. "Canon Andrews"

## Science and medicine

* William Andrews (naturalist) (1802–1880), English naturalist
* William Symes Andrews (1847–1929), English electrical engineer
* William H. Andrews (biologist) (born 1951), American telomere biologist

## Sports

* Curley Andrews (William Andrews, fl. 1940s), American baseball player
* William Andrews (American football) (born 1955), American football player
* Willie Andrews (born 1983), American football player

## Others

* William Andrews (astrologer) (fl. 1656–1683), astrologer
* William Andrews (factory manager) (1835–1914), English diarist and factory manager for Cash's of Coventry
* William Andrews (Australian actor) (1836–1878), Australian stage actor and comedian
* William F. Andrews (businessman) (born c. 1933), American businessman
* William L. Andrews (academic) (born 1946), American academic
* William Andrews (comedian) (born 1977), British actor and comedian
* William C. Andrews (art director) (1901–1986), British film set designer
# William Digby (Dean of Clonfert)

William Digby was a Church of Ireland priest in Ireland.
The grandson of Bishop Simon Digby, he was educated at Trinity College Dublin. He was Dean of Clonfert from 1766 until his death in 1812. He was appointed a Prebendary of Elphin Cathedral in 1767 and of Kildare in 1770.