OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Reichsleiter

Reichsleiter (German pronunciation: , transl. national leader or Reich leader) was the second-highest political rank in the Nazi Party (NSDAP), subordinate only to the office of Führer. Reichsleiter also functioned as a paramilitary rank within the NSDAP and was the highest rank attainable in any Nazi organisation.
Each Reichsleiter reported directly to the Führer, Adolf Hitler. Men of the rank Reichsleiter collectively formed part of the Reichsleitung (Reich leadership) of the NSDAP, which was originally located in the "Brown House" in Munich. Each Reichsleiter was in charge of a broad area of responsibility in the party. Hitler originally established the rank of Reichsleiter on 2 June 1933 and appointed 16 individuals to that rank. Subsequently, a further 6 individuals were appointed to the rank between 1933 and 1938: von Epp, Frick, Bormann, Lutze, Hierl and Huhnlein.

## List of Reichsleiters

This is the list of men of the rank of Reichsleiter in the Nazi Party set forth in the National Socialist Yearbook:
* Max Amann, Head of the Party Publishing House, Eher-Verlag.
* Martin Bormann, Chief of the Party Chancellery.
* Philipp Bouhler, Chief of the Chancellery of the Führer of the NSDAP.
* Walter Buch, Chairman of USCHLA, the Supreme Party Court (Oberstes Parteigericht der NSDAP).
* Ricardo Walther Oscar Darré, Chief of the NSDAP Agrarian Office.
* Otto Dietrich, Reich Press Chief of the NSDAP.
* Franz Ritter von Epp, Chief of the NSDAP Office of Colonial Policy (Kolonialpolitisches Amt)
* Karl Fiehler, Chief of the NSDAP Main Office for Municipal Politics.
* Hans Frank, Chief of the NSDAP Legal Office.
* Wilhelm Frick, Leader of the NSDAP parliamentary bloc in the Reichstag.
* Joseph Goebbels, Reich Propaganda Leader of the NSDAP.
* Wilhelm Grimm, Chairman of the Second Chamber of USCHLA, the Supreme Party Court (Oberstes Parteigericht der NSDAP).
* Rudolf Hess, Deputy Führer.
* Konstantin Hierl, Leader of the Reich Labor Service.
* Heinrich Himmler, Reichsführer-SS and Chief of the German Police.
* Adolf Hühnlein, Korpsführer of the NSKK.
* Robert Ley, Reich Organization Leader of the NSDAP and head of the German Labor Front.
* Viktor Lutze, Chief of Staff of the Sturmabteilung (SA) 1934–1943.
* Ernst Röhm, Chief of Staff of the Sturmabteilung (SA) 1931–1934.
* Alfred Rosenberg, Chief of the NSDAP Office of Foreign Affairs.
* Baldur von Schirach, Reich Youth Leader, Reichsjugendführer of the Hitler Youth (HJ) until August 1940.
* Franz Xaver Schwarz, Reich Treasurer (Reichsschatzmeister) of the NSDAP.
# Jean de Limur

Jean de Limur (13 November 1887, Vouhé, Charente-Maritime – 5 June 1976, Paris) was a French film director, actor and screenwriter. His works include La Garçonne (1936) and The Letter (1929). A French army officer and a designer, he first came to the United States with his parents, Count and Countess de Limur in September 1920; their destination was Burlingame, California, where lived Jean's brother André (who married Ethel, daughter of William Henry Crocker).

## Selected filmography

* The Arab (1924) actor
* Human Desires (1924)
* The Legion of the Condemned (1928) co-screenplay
* The Letter (1929) director
* Jealousy (1929) director
* My Childish Father (1930)
* Monsieur the Duke (1931)
* Paprika (1933) director
* L'Auberge du Petit-Dragon (1935)
* The Slipper Episode (1935)
* La Garçonne (1936) director; with Arletty, Edith Piaf, and Marie Bell
* Runaway Ladies (1938)
* The City of Lights (1938)
* The Man Who Played with Fire (1942)
* The Golden Age (1942)
* Apparition (1943)
* The Great Pack (1945)
# Çamköy, Ezine

Çamköy is a village in the Ezine District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 112 (2021).
# Çamköy Dam

Çamköy Dam is a boron wastewater collection dam in Balıkesir, Turkey. Wastewater from a nearby colemanite mine is collected in the dam. The wastewater from the mine has a high boron concentration (627.36 mg/L). The amount of boron in the reservoir was found to vary, slightly, peaking in August. A study of the phytoplankton in the dam's reservoir found 44 taxa, 77% of which belonged to the Bacillariophyta.
# Çaldıran

Çaldıran may refers to;
* Çaldıran district of Van Province, Turkey.
* Battle of Çaldıran
# Çalkaya, Taşova

Çalkaya is a village in the Taşova District, Amasya Province, Turkey. Its population is 38 (2021).
# Çallı, Burhaniye

Çallı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Burhaniye, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 17 (2022).
# Élise Huillery

Élise Huillery is a French economist. She is a member of the Council of Economic Analysis.
She studied at Paris-Sorbonne University and HEC Paris, and the Paris School of Economics. She teaches economics at the University of Paris-Dauphine, and Sciences Po. She works in several economic fields: development economics, the economics of education, and the history of economics. Her PhD thesis worked on the economic analysis of French colonialism. She is a member of Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab.

## Works

* Huillery, E.; Cogneau, D.; Piketty, T. (2014). Histoire coloniale: développement et inégalités dans l'ancienne Afrique occidentale française (in French). Atelier national de reproduction des thèses.
# École supérieure des affaires

École Supérieure des Affaires may refer to:
* École supérieure des affaires (Beirut)
* École Supérieure des Affaires (Lille)
# Ølsted

Ølsted may refer to:
* Ølsted, Halsnæs Municipality, a town in Denmark
* Ølsted, Aarhus Municipality, a village in Denmark
# Çelebibağı, Alaca

Çelebibağı is a village in the Alaca District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 73 (2022).
# Ümran Ertiş

Ümran Ertiş (born 13 April 1996 in Ankara, Turkey) is a Turkish female para table tennis player of class 10 and Paralympian.

## Career

Ertiş took part at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. She competed at the women's individual class 10 event, where she could not advance to the quarterfinals after winning one game and losing two. In the event of women's team class 6–10, she advanced to the final along with Neslihan Kavas.
She won the gold medal in the women's single class 10 division at the 2013 ITTF European Para-Table Tennis Championships held in Lignano, Italy.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Turkey |||||
| 2007 | IPC European Championship | Slovakia | 3rd | team |
| 2009 | IPC European Championship | Italy | 2nd | individual |
| 2009 | IPC European Championship | Italy | 3rd | team |
| 2009 | International tournament | Slovenia | 2nd | |
| 2009 | International tournament | Hungary | 2nd | individual |
| 2009 | International tournament | Hungary | 2nd | team |
| 2010 | International tournament | France | 3rd | individual |
| 2010 | International tournament | France | 1st | team |
| 2010 | 2010 IPC World Championship | South Korea | 3rd | individual |
| 2010 | 2010 IPC World Championship | South Korea | 2nd | team |
| 2011 | IPC European Championships | Croatia | 2nd | individual |
| 2011 | IPC European Championships | Croatia | 1st | team |
| 2011 | International tournament | Slovenia | 3rd | individual |
| 2011 | International tournament | Slovenia | 3rd | team |
| 2012 | Summer Paralympics | London, United Kingdom | 2nd | team |
| 2013 | ITTF European Championships | Lignano, Italy | 1st | individual |
# Étienne-Hyacinthe de Ratte

Étienne-Hyacinthe de Ratte (1722, Montpellier – 15 August 1805) was an 18th-century French astronomer and mathematician.
De Ratte made some verses in his youth, but he soon turned away from his natural tastes to engage with ardor in the study of mathematics. At twenty-one, he was secretary of the Académie des sciences et lettres de Montpellier [fr].
De Ratte also wrote a number of contributions to the Encyclopédie on physical issues such as froid, glace, gelée, etc.
Although Ratte pursued diverse scientific interests, he devoted himself mainly to astronomy. In this discipline, he made a large number of observations, such as the Venus transit on 6 June 1761. The minor planet 159409 Ratte, discovered at Pises Observatory in 1999, was named in his memory.

## Works (selection)

* 1743: Sur les pressions qui naissent du poids des parties supérieures d'un fluide en repos sur les inférieures et sur les pressions latérales des fluides dans des vases de différentes figures.
* Sur l'accroissement subit de la tige d'une espèce d'aloès, agave americana de Linné.
* Recherches sur la pesanteur dans un milieu, composé de petits tourbillons
* Histoire de l'Académie royale de Montpellier depuis son origine jusqu'aux événements de 1789.

## Sources

* Ferdinand Hoefer, Nouvelle Biographie générale, t. 41, Paris, Firmin-Didot, 1862, (p. 697–9).
* Pierre Larousse, Grand Dictionnaire universel du XIXe, vol. 13, Paris, Administration du grand Dictionnaire universel, (p. 730).
# İstisu (Khachmaz)

İstisu (till 2018 Müqtədir, also, Mukhtadir or Muxtedir) is a coastal town and municipality in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 2,236. The municipality consists of the İstisu town and Vələmir village.
# Þorbjörg

Þorbjörg is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Þorbjörg lítilvölva ('c. 10th century CE), seeress in Norse colonial Greenland
* Þorbjörg Pálsdóttir (1919–2009), Icelandic sculptor
* Þorbjörg Sveinsdóttir (1827–1903), Icelandic midwife and feminist
* Margrét Þorbjörg Thors Hallgrímsson (1902–1996), matriarch of one of the most powerful families in Iceland
# Čivićevac

Čivićevac is a perennial stream in Koprivnica-Križevci County, Croatia, flowing near the center of the town of Đurđevac. It is a minor right-bank tributary of the Drava.
# Đốc Binh Kiều

Đốc Binh Kiều (?–1886) real name Nguyễn Tấn Kiều, or Lê Công Kiều and was given the name Quan Lớn Thượng by common folks; was a Deputy General of Võ Duy Dương in the anti-colonial revolution against French in Đồng Tháp Mười in the second half of the 19th century in Vietnam.
# Šumma sinništu qaqqada rabât

The text with the incipit protasis Šumma sinništu qaqqada rabât, inscribed in cuneiform: DIŠ MUNUS SAG.DU GAL-at, “If a Woman is Large of Head” (apodosis: išarru, “she will prosper’), is an ancient Mesopotamian collection of physiognomic omens, or oracles based on a woman's anatomical features, where the apodosis either predicts the fortune of the individual or makes snap judgements about them based on their physical appearance. It is an Akkadian two-tablet$^{:73}$ composition dedicated to a woman's prognostication and is often considered a subsection or extension of the greater twenty-seven tablet work, Alamdimmû, concerning physiognomic omens in general.

## Synopsis

The text as we now have it extends to around 265 lines based on the collation of four extant fragmentary exemplars. It seems to have been intended to draw a comparison between a woman's physical traits and her later, post-marital, personality, thus enabling a suitor to predict her suitability for betrothal. The ideal characteristics do not necessarily represent beauty, as “a propitious woman can be quite homely or downright ugly.” The features of the body are arranged, ištu muḫḫi adi šēpē, from head to foot, a characteristic of other works edited by the 11th Century BC ummânū, or chief scholar, Esagil-kin-apli, in whose late Babylonian catalogue it appears listed with three catch-lines, where features on the left are generally auspicious and those on the right are not from the point of view of the observer.$^{:398}$
The text is divided by horizontal lines into subsections, each with the theme of a body-part, including hands, fingers, chest, breasts, nipples, belly, navel, vaginal labia and toes. A typical sample of the text's contents is given by this series of omens based on the first of these:
   šumma sinništum qātāša ba՚lā bit dulli ippuš šumma qattanā muštamriṣat šumma arkā išarru ilānât šumma karâ ulappan If a woman's hands are abnormally large, she will build a house of labor/misery If they are small, she is a hypochondriac If they are long, she will be rich, she is divine If they are short, she will be poor
Towards the end of the work it moves to describe portents concerning the appearance of the whole body:
   If the forehead glows, a tooth protrudes, the nose is straight, the lips are thin, the chin is flat, hands and feet are pointed, (and) she is covered with ḫalû and umṣatu-marks, ... this woman ..., she is near to the god, she is cheerful, barley and silver are set in place for her, she will acquire barley and silver, her days are long, (and) a basket she will not carry before her.

### Primary publication

* Barbara Böck (2000). Die babylonisch-Assyrische Morphoskopie (AfOB 27). Institut für Orientalistik der Universität Wien. pp. 148–173.
# Ōsaki (surname)

Ōsaki, Osaki, Oosaki or Ohsaki (written: 大崎, 大﨑, or 桜咲) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Junya Osaki (大﨑 淳矢, born 1991), Japanese footballer
* Leo Osaki (大崎 玲央, born 1991), Japanese-born American soccer player
* Makoto Osaki, developer and supervisor at Sega AM2, involved with the Shenmue, Out Run, and Virtua Fighter games, among others
* Sakae Osaki (大崎 栄, born 1964), Japanese long-distance runner
* Yoshihiko Osaki (大崎 剛彦, born 1939–2015), Japanese swimmer
* Yutaro Ohsaki (大﨑 雄太朗, born 1984), Japanese baseball player

## Fictional characters

* Nana Osaki (大崎 ナナ), a character in the manga series Nana
* Akane Osaki (桜咲 朱音), a character in the manga series Akane-banashi
# Ōsako

Ōsako, Osako, Oosako, Ousako or Ohsako (written: 大迫) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Akinobu Osako (大迫 明伸, born 1960), Japanese judoka
* Keisuke Osako (大迫 敬介, born 1999), Japanese footballer
* Nozomi Osako (大迫 希, born 1990), Japanese footballer
* Ōsako Naoharu (大迫 尚敏, 1844–1927), Imperial Japanese Army general
* Ōsako Naomichi (大迫 尚道, 1854–1934), Imperial Japanese Army general
* Suguru Osako (大迫 傑, born 1991), Japanese long-distance runner
* Tatsuo Osako (大迫 辰雄)
* Tatsuko Ohsako (大迫 たつ子, born 1952), Japanese golfer
* Yuya Osako (大迫 勇也, born 1990), Japanese footballer
# Ōmiya, Mie

Ōmiya (大宮町, Ōmiya-chō) was a town located in Watarai District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,081 and a density of 50.47 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 100.68 km$^2$.
On February 14, 2005, Ōmiya, along with the town of Kisei, and the village of Ōuchiyama (all from Watarai District), was merged to create the town of Taiki and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.
# Ōmiwa Shrine (disambiguation)

Ōmiwa Shrine (大神神社) refers to a number of related Shinto shrines in Japan dedicated to the kami Ōmononushi. It may refer to:
* Ōmiwa Shrine, the main shrine in Sakurai, Nara Prefecture (colloquially known as "Miwa Shrine")
* Ōmiwa Shrine (Ichinomiya) in Ichinomiya, Aichi Prefecture
* Ōmiwa Shrine (Tochigi) in Tochigi, Tochigi Prefecture
# ڼ

ڼ is the twenty-ninth letter of Pashto alphabet. It represents the retroflex nasal (IPA: /ɳ/) which is ण in Devanagari and is transliterated ⟨ṇ⟩. In Shahmukhi and Saraiki it is written as ݨ.

## Forms

| Position in word | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
| Glyph form: (Help) | ڼ‎ | ـڼ‎ | ـڼـ‎ | ڼـ‎ |
# Ždala

Ždala is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D210 highway to Gola. Its population in 2011 was 583.
Located on the Hungarian border almost all residents speak a dialect of the Hungarian language, although they declare themselves Croats.
Ždala has a kindergarten and an elementary school. The Roman Catholic parish church is dedicated to Holy Trinity.
# Škoda Rapid Six

The Škoda Rapid Six was a car manufactured by Skoda in 1935. The larger sister model of the Škoda Rapid, the two-door coupe had a streamlined body in wood-steel hybrid construction. Only four such cars were ever made.

## Technical specifications

The gasoline-powered, water-cooled car had the following specifications:
* Capacity: 1,961 cubic centimetres (119.7 cu in)
* Bore: 68.0 millimetres (2.68 in)
* Stroke: 90.0 millimetres (3.54 in)
* Compression ratio: 6.0:1
* Maximum power: 37.0 kilowatts (50.3 PS) at 3500 rpm
* Wheelbase: 2,620 millimetres (103 in)
* Front track: 1,150 millimetres (45 in)
* Rear track: 1,170 millimetres (46 in)
* Length: 4,000 millimetres (160 in)
* Width: 1,380 millimetres (54 in)
* Height: 1,420 millimetres (56 in)
* Weight: 1,050 millimetres (41 in)
* Maximum speed: 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph)
# Živorad Smiljanić

Živorad Smiljanić (6 February 1942, in Zaječar - 14 December 2018, in Apatin) was a Serbian politician, member of the Socialist Party of Serbia. Between 1997 and 2000 was the president of the Assembly of Vojvodina. Smiljanić has been the mayor of Apatin since 2004. He graduated the medical school and practiced medicine for 36 years as a Gynaecologist.
# Litoporus yucumo

Litoporus yucumo is a cellar spider species found in Bolivia.
# Helene Quilter

Dame Helene Elizabeth Quilter DNZM QSO is a retired New Zealand public servant. In 2019, she was appointed a Companion of the Queen's Service Order for services to the State, and in 2023 she was appointed Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to the public service and the arts.

## Career

Quilter was the deputy commissioner at the State Services Commission from 2007 to 2012, where she was responsible for the first five-year strategic plan for the Ministry of Social Development. She worked on improving systems for governance and risk assessments, and led the implementation of the Defence White Paper 2010.
Quilter served as the secretary of defence and chief executive of the Ministry of Defence from 2012 to 2019. Whilst in office, she led a reform of the defence capability management system. She was reappointed as deputy public service commissioner, a position she retired from in 2023 after a 45-year career.
Quilter was described as "a driver of modernisation and diversity while at the centre of some of New Zealand’s core public service organisations". In her Public Service Commission role she was responsible for achieving greater diversity and a 50/50 gender split for a group of thirty chief executives. She also conducted a review into the workplace culture at Fire and Emergency New Zealand, and supported the public service commissioner through the COVID-19 response. Quilter cites Dame Margaret Bazley as her role model.
Quilter has led and served on a number of boards, including the New Zealand School of Dance. In the 1990s, after running out of space at home, she established a significant modern art collection, the Quilter Collection, which was on display for fifteen years at the Govett-Brewster Gallery. The collection included works by Bill Hammond, Seraphine Pick and Tony de Lautour, among others. Although she retained 30 works from the collection, Quilter later auctioned 47 others in order to fund an interest in 17th- and 18th-century religious art, and New Zealand artist Louise Greig.

## Honours and awards

In the 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours, Quilter was appointed a Companion of the Queen's Service Order, for services to the State. Also in 2019, she was named public service category winner at the Wellingtonian of the Year awards. In the 2023 King's Birthday and Coronation Honours, Quilter was made a Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to the public service and the arts.
# R v Powley

R. v. Powley, 2003 SCC 43, commonly called the Powley ruling, is a Supreme Court of Canada case defining Métis Aboriginal rights under section 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982.

## Background

A Sault Ste. Marie father and son, Steve and Roddy Powley, were charged in 1993 with possession of a moose that they had shot out of season and without a licence. The pair pleaded not guilty on the grounds that as Métis, they had an Aboriginal right to hunt that was not subject to Ontario game laws.

## Procedural history

The Ontario Court of Justice agreed and dismissed the charges. The Ontario Attorney General appealed that decision to the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, which upheld the acquittals and denied the appeal.
The Ontario Attorney General appealed again, to the Ontario Court of Appeal, which also upheld the acquittals and denied the appeal. Finally, Ontario appealed the decision to the Supreme Court of Canada, where a unanimous court upheld the decisions of the lower courts and defined a ten-step test for Métis rights, based on modified tests from the previous Indian Aboriginal rights decisions in R. v. Sparrow and R. v. Van der Peet.

## Aftermath

Métis people seeking to exercise Aboriginal rights of hunting and fishing must show that the practice in question relates to the practice of a rights-bearing Métis community prior to European political and legal control and that they are members of the corresponding modern Métis community by both self-identification and acceptance within the community.
Thus, if a Métis group of people established a rights-bearing community distinct from any Indian or Inuit Aboriginal groups from which it had descended, practices that the community exercised prior to European control may be Section 35(1) rights.
# Novitates Zoologicae

Novitates Zoologicae: A Journal of Zoology in Connection With the Tring Museum was a British scientific journal devoted to systematic zoology. It was edited by Lionel Walter Rothschild and published between 1894 and 1948 by the Tring Museum. Articles were mainly in English, but some were in German. It was succeeded by the Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series.
# Scopula impicta

Scopula impicta is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in South Africa.
# Windermere group

Called the Windermere Group in the United States and the Windermere Supergroup, Windermere Series, and Windermere System in Canada, the Windermere sequence of North America is an extensive assemblage of sedimentary and volcanic rocks of latest Precambrian (Neoproterozoic) age. It is present in the northern part of the North American Cordillera, stretching from Montana, Idaho, and Washington in the northwestern United States, through Alberta, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, and the Yukon in western Canada. It was named for the Windermere map-area in the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia by J.F. Walker in 1926.
The Windermere rocks include Ediacaran fossils and stromatolites, and host deposits of base and precious metals.

## Lithology

The Windermere consists primarily of coarse-grained feldspathic conglomerates and pebbly sandstones, with lesser amounts of pelitic shales, dolomites, and limestones. Mafic igneous rocks are present in some areas. In most areas the Windermere rocks are highly sheared, faulted, and metamorphosed.

## Environment of deposition

Most of the Windermere rocks were deposited as deep-water turbidite flows along a continental margin or in an active volcanic rift basin. Glacial events such as the Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations that occurred during Neoproterozoic time strongly influenced sedimentation, and some of the Windermere conglomerates are believed to be till or diamictite of glacial origin.

## Paleontology

Trace fossils, Ediacaran fossils, and Ediacaran-like fossils have been described from the Windermere Suprgroup in the Mackenzie and Werneke Mountains of the eastern Northwest Territories, the Cariboo Mountains of British Columbia, and the Canadian Rockies near Jasper, Alberta. Stromatolites are present in some of the carbonate beds.

## Thickness and distribution

The Windermere is both thick and extensive. It reaches thicknesses of more than 8,000 metres (26,250 ft), and is present parts of Montana, Idaho, and Washington in the United States, and parts of Alberta, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, and the Yukon in Canada.