OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# USS Tulip (1862)

USS Tulip was a 183-ton steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.
Tulip was outfitted with heavy guns and was used by the Navy as a gunboat to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy in order to prevent the South from trading with other countries.

## Service history

During the later stages of the Taiping Rebellion, Shanghai local authorities contracted Henry Gamaliel Ward, brother of American mercenary Frederick Townsend Ward who had died in combat fighting for the Qing Dynasty earlier, to purchase 5 steamers. Henry Ward ordered the constructions of 3 steamers, one of them being Chih Kiang (Chinese: 浙江; pinyin: Zhèjiāng; lit. 'Zhejiang'), the other two being Dai Ching (later USS Dai Ching) and Kiang Soo (later USS Fuchsia). Instead of delivering the steamers to China, Ward re-sold them to the Union Navy. Chih Kiang was renamed Tulip in August. Renamed Tulip and refitted for service as a tugboat and gunboat, the screw steamer joined the Potomac River Flotilla in August 1863. That force patrolled the river protecting Union waterborne communications between the nation's capital and the port cities of the divided nation during the Civil War.
She initially performed towing duties at the Washington Navy Yard, and then served with the flotilla in operations against Confederate forces in the Rappahannock River. In the latter duties, the ship carried Federal troops and supported naval landing parties which from time to time went ashore for operations against Confederate traffic across the river. As she continued this wartime riverine service into 1864, Tulip developed a defective starboard boiler. Commander Foxhall A. Parker Jr., commanding the Potomac Flotilla, ordered the ship home to the Washington Navy Yard so that repairs could be made to correct her defective propulsion plant. Tulip got underway on 11 November with orders restricting her steaming on the port boiler only. Not long after departing from St. Inigoes, Maryland, her engineers, against all orders, began supplying steam to the starboard boiler. When abreast Ragged Point (east of Ragged Point Beach), the boiler exploded and tore the fragile ship apart—killing 47 men instantly—of the 57-man complement. Of the 10 survivors, two died later of their injuries.
# NRO Program A

The United States' National Reconnaissance Office's Program A was a component of the National Reconnaissance Program (NRP). Program A took the remnants of the Air Force Office of Special Projects (the successor to the ill-fated SAMOS program office, and redesignated it and refocused its efforts onto the next generation of imagery intelligence gathering satellites (i.e. CORONA/Discoverer, KH-7/8 GAMBIT, KH-9 HEXAGON).
# Veriexec

Veriexec is a file-signing scheme for the NetBSD operating system.
It introduces a special device node (/dev/veriexec) through which a signature list can be loaded into the kernel. The list contains file paths, together with hashes and an expected file type ("DIRECT" for executables, "INDIRECT" for scripts and "FILE" for shared libraries and regular files). The kernel then verifies the contents of the signed files against their hashes just before they are opened in an exec or open system call.
When Veriexec is enabled at level 0, the kernel will simply warn about signature mismatches. At level 1, it will prevent access to mismatched files. At level 2, it prevents signed files from being overwritten or deleted. At the highest, level 3, the kernel will not allow unsigned files to be accessed at all.
# Michael Trigg

Michael Trigg may refer to:
* Michael Trigg (quarterback), American football quarterback and head coach
* Michael Trigg (tight end) (born 2002), American football tight end
# Kálfsvísa

The Kálfsvísa ("Kálfr's vísa", Kálfr being maybe the name of its author) is a poem partially preserved in Snorri Sturluson’s Skáldskaparmál.
Its three stanzas in fornyrðislag mostly consist of a þula of horses and their riders, Germanic heroes (for instance Grani and Sigurðr). The Kálfsvísa also includes a narrative dealing with the Battle on the Ice of Lake Vänern between Áli and Aðils.
# S-object

In algebraic topology, an $\mathbb {S}$-object (also called a symmetric sequence) is a sequence $\{X(n)\}$ of objects such that each $X(n)$ comes with an action of the symmetric group $\mathbb {S} _{n}$.
The category of combinatorial species is equivalent to the category of finite $\mathbb {S}$-sets (roughly because the permutation category is equivalent to the category of finite sets and bijections.)

## S-module

By $\mathbb {S}$-module, we mean an $\mathbb {S}$-object in the category ${\mathsf {Vect}}$ of finite-dimensional vector spaces over a field k of characteristic zero (the symmetric groups act from the right by convention). Then each $\mathbb {S}$-module determines a Schur functor on ${\mathsf {Vect}}$.
This definition of $\mathbb {S}$-module shares its name with the considerably better-known model for highly structured ring spectra due to Elmendorf, Kriz, Mandell and May.
# Mistress of Spices

The Mistress of Spices, (1997), set in contemporary Oakland, California, is a novel by Indian American writer and University of Houston Creative Writing Program professor Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni.

## Plot

Tilo, the titular character, is a shopkeeper born in India and trained in magic, who helps customers satisfy their needs and desires with the mystical properties of spices. Her life changes when she falls for an American man named Raven, whom the book strongly implies is Native American. Unfortunately, she chooses to disregard the rules of her training in her pursuit of romance and her decision to seek out customers outside her shop, which results in the spices inflicting punishment on her and those she cares about. To save Raven from being another victim of the spices' powerful magic, she decides to leave him after one last night where they make love. Afterwards, she accepts the punishment for disregarding the rules of her training, which results in the store being destroyed in an earthquake. She survives, and she and Raven reconcile and decide to help rebuild the shop.

## Film, TV or theatrical adaptations

The film The Mistress of Spices, based on the novel, was released in 2005. It is directed by Paul Mayeda Berges, with a script by Berges and his wife, British filmmaker Gurinder Chadha. The film stars Aishwarya Rai and Dylan McDermott.
# I Balzini

I Balzini D'Isanto is a wine estate in Italy, producing a Super Tuscan (wine), classified IGT (Indicazione Geografica Tipica), an official Italian classification designating the region of origin, rather than grape varieties or wine styles, allowing the use of foreign grape varieties to be added. The estates is owned by the D'Isanto family since 1980. The name "I Balzini" comes from the word "balze", the local name for the small terraces planted with vines.

## History

The estate is in village of Barberino Val d'Elsa in the heart of Tuscany on the borders of the provinces of Florence and Siena. Surrounded with many important historic sites such as the former castle of Semifonte, destroyed during the period of the Communes in Florence. The octagonal chapel, a scale copy of Brunelleschi's Florentine dome, still looms over the surrounding countryside today. In 1980, the property of I Balzini was purchased by Vincenzo D'Isanto. Although vines almost certainly already existed on the site, around 1980, Vincenzo D'Isanto planted the majority of the vineyard.

## Vineyard

The vineyard, 250 meters above sea-level, covers over 7 hectares and consists of the hills around the estate and 2 hectares in the neighbouring Barberino Val d'Elsa village. The grape variety are Merlot, and Cabernet Sauvignon, Sangiovese and Mammolo. The soil is of sedimentary Pliocene origin, characterized by slit yellow sand layered with clay strata, and large amounts of marine fossils. The microclimate is characterized by considerable temperature swings between the day and the night, which increase during the harvest period. Harvest, based on traditional techniques and strict control of yields, is carried out by hand all through the year. The careful use of organic fertilizers, environmentally sustainable packaging and renewable energy allow the vines to reach an advanced age.

## The Cellar

Grapes from each plot are fermented in separate vats in order to preserve the identity of the terroir on which the grapes have ripened. Upon completion of alcoholic fermentation, the wines are tasted before being drawn off to the fine wine vats. The wine is transferred by batches into barrels with a special “toasting” suited to the characteristics of the wine. Blending takes place after the first racking of the barrels. Then the ageing phase of the wine begins in the cellar, which takes between 18 and 20 months.. The wine is then left to rest in glass for at least a year to reach its maximum balance and expression of its best qualities. They are sold in the fourth year from harvesting. I Balzini Green Label, being a fresh and young product, is refined one year in stainless steel tanks at controlled temperature and sold one year after the harvesting. I Balzini Red Label is aged 24 months in old barriques and refined around 18 months in bottle.
# Prosoplus auberti

Prosoplus auberti is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1961.
# Sophia French Palmer

Sophia French Palmer (May 26, 1853 – April 27, 1920) was an American nurse, an editor and a health administrator. She was the first Editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Nursing. She was the President of the New York State Board of Nurse Examiners. She was also associated with the American Nurses Association, and various American Training Schools for Nurses including the Garfield Memorial Hospital. She made significant contributions in establishing a number of health institutions particularly in the field of nurse training.

## Biography

Born on May 26, 1853, in Milton, Massachusetts, Sophia French Palmer was the daughter of physician Simeon Palmer and Maria Spencer Palmer. In 1876 she graduated from the Boston Training School for Nurses (now called as the Massachusetts General Hospital School of Nursing). She later moved to Philadelphia, where she worked with Dr. Weir Mitchell as a private nurse, and specialized in nervous and mental illnesses.
In 1884 she became the superintendent of the newly established St. Luke's Hospital in New Bedford, Massachusetts, where she laid the foundation for making it a training school for nurses. However she resigned a year after following the reduction of the number of nurses due to “hard economic times”. Meanwhile, she started pursuing graduate study at the Massachusetts General Hospital.
She played an important role in establishing different health institutions including the New York State Nurses Association. In 1889 she moved to Washington, D.C., where she established the training school for nurses at the Garfield Memorial Hospital, and became its administrator. In 1893 she founded the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses, and drafted its constitution.
During 1896 – 1900, she served as the superintendent of the Rochester City Hospital and Training school in New York. In 1900 she started the American Journal of Nursing, under the American Nurses Association and became its first editor-in-chief, the position that she held until her sudden death when the post was assumed by Katharine DeWitt. In her editorials, she highlighted a number of professional and social issues.
In recognizing her outstanding contributions in the field of nursing, in 1976, she was inducted into the “American Nurses Association Hall of Fame”.
She never married. She died in Forest Lawn, New York on April 27, 1920.
# Nabis apicalis

Nabis apicalis is a species of damsel bug in the family Nabidae.
# Narcissus Road

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
| The Guardian | link |
Narcissus Road is the debut album by English indie rock band the Hours. It is named after a road in West Hampstead, London NW6; a picture of the road sign is on the back cover.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Antony Genn and Martin Slattery; except where indicated
* "Ali in the Jungle" – 4:38
* "Narcissus Road" – 3:50
* "Back When You Were Good" (Genn, Slattery, Joey Waronker) – 5:29
* "Love You More" – 3:06
* "Icarus" – 3:30
* "I Miss You" – 4:13
* "Murder or Suicide" – 5:55
* "Dive In" – 3:34
* "I Need to Know" – 5:03
* "People Say" – 6:28
* "Let Me Breathe" – 5:14
# Michael Triegel

Michael Triegel (born 13 December 1968 in Erfurt), is a German painter, illustrator and graphic artist based in Leipzig. He is associated with the New Leipzig School. He studied painting and graphic art under Arno Rink at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig from 1990 to 1995. His paintings are highly influenced by Renaissance art.
Triegel was baptised in 2014 and paints Christian subjects. In 2010 he painted an official portrait of Pope Benedict XVI. Instead of having the pope model the conventional way, Triegel was invited to the front row during a general audience. In 2015, Die Zeit called him "Germany's most famous religious artist".
# IAT

Iat is a minor ancient Egyptian goddess.
The abbreviation IAT may refer to:

## Organisations

* Immigration Appeal Tribunal
* Indonesia Air Transport, an Indonesian airline
* Institut aérotechnique, a French research Institute in aerodynamics
* Institute for Affordable Transportation, an American organization
* Institute of Armament Technology, now the Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, an Indian defense institution
* International Association of Trichologists
* Institute of Agricultural Technology, the former name of Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology

## Science and technology

* Implicit-association test, a measure within social psychology
* Import Address Table, in computer programming
* Indicated air temperature
* Indirect antiglobulin test, a clinical blood test
* Information access technology
* Intake air temperature
* International Atomic Time
* Information Assurance Technical, a category for Certified Information Systems Security Professional

## Other uses

* Indigenous Aryan Theory
* International ACH Transaction, a code used by the Automated Clearing House
* International Appalachian Trail, a hiking trail in the United States
* IISER Aptitude Test, an annual academic examination in India
* Iwate Asahi Television, a Japanese television station
* International Air Tattoo, the former name of a British air show
# Mitsugi Kishida

Mitsugi Kishida (岸田 貢宜, Kishida Mitsugi, 1916–1988) was a Japanese photographer.

## Selected photos

* View of Hiroshima City seen from the Hondōri street, Hiroshima City on 7 August 1945
* The central part of the Hondōri street Hiroshima City scattered corpses on 7 August 1945
* Victims receiving relief works in front of Hiroshima Credit Union HQ on 7 August 1945
* Japanese Imperial Army's temporal office built on the site of the burnt-out Hiroshima regiment HQ
* Relief team entering Hiroshima City on 9 August 1945
# Sarkeys Energy Center

Sarkeys Energy Center is the largest and tallest building on the campus of the University of Oklahoma (OU), Norman, Oklahoma, United States. It houses several academic units mainly centered on the Earth sciences.

## Overview

The Sarkeys Energy Center is a large complex that is home to several academic units of the University of Oklahoma including the Mewbourne College of Earth and Energy (MCEE), the College of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences (A&GS), and Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering (COE). The Energy Center is currently owned and occupied by the University of Oklahoma.

## Details of the Tower and Complex

Construction of the Energy Center was begun on November 16, 1990, and was completed by the dedication in late 1991. Funds granted by petroleum companies for use by the University of Oklahoma, loans by federal United States government, and donations by charitable individuals were all used to finance the 50 million dollar project. The Sarkeys Energy Center Complex occupies over 7 acres (28,000 m$^2$) on the University of Oklahoma's Norman campus. The complex has 340,000 square feet (32,000 m$^2$) of office space, a cafe, and two large levels of laboratories and storage rooms. The ground level, level 2, is home to the Laurence S. Youngblood Energy Library. The library has approximately 170,000 map sheets, and 100,000 cataloged volumes covering a variety of geoscience topics. The tower of the Sarkeys Energy Center is 15 floors tall, and is used for most of the office space in the complex. The roof of the tower marks the highest spot on the OU campus 63.6 m (209 ft), and is also the tallest office building in the city of Norman. The complex contains walks, fountains, and extensive landscaping.
Sarkeys Energy Center as it is known today, began as the Saxon Energy Center. This was made possible by a pledge of a $30M donation made in 1981 by Bill D. Saxon. O.U. wound up receiving 90,000 shares in lieu of the donation toward the energy center. Because of the need for completion funds, Sarkeys Foundation provided the bulk of the construction funding.

## Role of Center in Geophysics

The Sarkeys Energy Center is host to many conferences, talks, and meetings among leading geophysicists. The complex includes an auditorium for speeches and talks. On May 21, 2002, the University of Oklahoma was named International Academic Advocate of the Year because of its foreign policy conferences. The Energy Center remains an important center for research, education, and conference in the world of geophysical science.
The internationally recognized School of Meteorology within the College of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences was located in Sarkeys until relocating to the National Weather Center (NWC).
# Priscus Valerianus

Priscus Valerianus (flourished around 450–456) was a Roman praetorian prefect of patrician rank, connected to both the emperor Avitus and Bishop Eucherius of Lyons.
Valerianus served as praetorian prefect of Gaul sometime prior to 456, when Sidonius Apollinaris sent him a selection of his verses, praising him as a critic. Eucherius of Lyons dedicated his Epistula Paranetica ad Valerianum cognatum de contemptu mundi et saecularis philosophiae to Valerianus. His daughter was married to the orator Pragmatius.

## Sources

* "Valerianus 8" in Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol II (AD 395 - 527), A. H. M. Jones & J. R. Martindale (1971–1980).
* This ancient Roman biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Sophia Foster-Dimino

Sophia Foster-Dimino is an American comics artist and illustrator living in San Francisco.
She graduated from Rhode Island School of Design in 2010. Foster-Dimino worked for Google for four years, making commemorative logos, known as Google Doodles, before becoming a freelance illustrator.
She won three Ignatz Awards at the 2015 edition with her comic book Sex Fantasy. The work, which started as an independent zine, was published by Koyama Press in 2017. She also illustrated the webcomic Swim Thru Fire, written by Annie Mok.
# USS Nautilus (1838)

The second USS Nautilus was a 76-foot (23.2 m) schooner launched in 1838 for the United States Coast Survey for hydrographic surveying of the coast of the United States. She was commissioned into the United States Navy in 1847 for service in the Mexican–American War, then returned to Coast Survey service from 1848 to 1859.

## Service history
### U.S. Coast Survey, 1838–1847

Nautilus, the first ship designed for the United States Coast Survey, was completed in 1838. Until the spring of 1844 she carried out surveys for the Coast Survey in the Gulf of Mexico and along the United States East Coast, operating under Mr. Ferdinand R. Hassler from 1838 to 1843 and Dr. A. D. Bache from 1843 to 1844. In April 1844, although still a Coast Survey ship, she was put under the command of Lieutenant G. M. Bache, USN, to undertake surveys for the U.S. Navy.

### Mexican–American War, 1847–1848

Three years later, in 1847, Nautilus was taken over by the U.S. Navy for temporary duty during the Mexican–American War, as light-draft vessels were needed for operations off the United States Gulf Coast. Such vessels, with their ability to ride over the sandbars frequently found at the entrances to harbors on that coast and to patrol between those harbors close to shore, facilitated combined operations and the U.S. Navy's ability to provide U.S. forces in Mexico under Major General Zachary Taylor with a secure line of communications in the Gulf of Mexico. The Navy returned Nautilus to the Coast Survey in July 1848.

### U.S. Coast Survey, 1848–1859

After Nautilus′s return to the Coast Survey, she performed hydrographic survey duties for that agency until 1859.
# NCAA student-athlete recruiting

NCAA student-athlete recruiting adheres to a strict process set forth by the NCAA, which includes timetables, regulations, and consequences for violations.

## Process

Coaches are allowed to contact players by sending questionnaires, sports camp brochures, and NCAA educational information to prospects as young as the seventh grade. This can lead to a prospect accepting an unofficial visit to a college campus. During these visits prospects can accept up to three complimentary admissions to sporting events, but may only talk to college coaches on school premises. High school student-athletes can verbally commit to attend a university when they feel comfortable with the program. This commitment is a non-binding agreement, and is not binding until the player signs a National Letter of Intent.

## Regulations

The NCAA posts the recruiting rulebook on-line.
Division I coaches may not initiate phone calls with high school freshmen, sophomores, or juniors. However, these student-athlete prospects are allowed to initiate phone calls with Division I coaches if they please. July 1 following a prospect's junior year of high school officially starts the period in which coaches are allowed to initiate phone calls to prospects.
Men's Basketball and Football have exceptions to this rule. September 1 of the prospect's senior year begins the period in which football coaches may initiate phone calls to prospects; with a one call per week limit. Men's Basketball coaches are allowed to make one phone call per month to a prospect after June 15 of their sophomore year. Following August 1 of the prospect's senior year, Men's Basketball coaches may make two phone calls per week.
The NCAA Division I Committee on Infractions hands out punishment for rules violations. In the instance of the football program at the University of Colorado at Boulder, hearings were held between NCAA's infractions committee and university officials to determine how serious the infractions were and to decide fair punishment. On October 8, 2002, Colorado's football program was placed on two years' probation and the school's available football scholarships were cut from 25 to 20.
# Michael Davis (philosopher)

Michael Davis (born 6 February 1943) is an American philosopher specializing in professional ethics. He is Professor of Philosophy at the Illinois Institute of Technology, and Senior Fellow at its Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions.
Davis is the author of several books, including Accountability in the Professions (1995), Profession, Code, and Ethics (2002), and Engineering Ethics (2005).

## Background

Davis received his PhD in 1972 from the University of Michigan for a dissertation entitled "Representation and Consent: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Political Obligation." Before moving to the Illinois Institute of Technology in 1986, he taught at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois State University, and Case Western Reserve University.

## Research interests

Davis's work in engineering ethics has won him four large grants from the National Science Foundation and an entry in Who's Who in Science and Engineering. His papers on whistleblowing and conflict of interest are often reprinted. He is the author of eight books and almost 200 articles and chapters, and editor (or co-editor) of five other books.