# Timeline of Guangzhou

The following is a timeline of the history of the Chinese city of Guangzhou, also formerly known as Panyu, Canton, and Kwang-chow.

## Nanyue

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* 214 BCE – Panyu established as a Qin base during Zhao Tuo's first failed invasion of the southern lands of the Baiyue
* 204 BCE – Panyu becomes the capital of Zhao Tuo's kingdom of Nanyue.

## Imperial China

* 111 BCE – Panyu becomes a provincial capital of the Han dynasty after the Han–Nanyue War as the Han expands southward.
* 226 CE – Panyu becomes the seat of Guang Prefecture ("Guangzhou").
* 401 – Guangxiao Temple first established as the "Baoen Guangziao" Temple.
* 537 – Temple of the Six Banyan Trees built.
* 878–879 — Guangzhou massacre instigated by forces loyal to Huang Chao
* 1350 – Huaisheng Mosque rebuilt.
* 1380 – Zhenhai Tower built.
* 1516 – Portuguese merchants arrive.
* 1600 – Pazhou Pagoda built.
* 1619 – Chigang Pagoda built.
* 1684 – British East India Company in business.
* 1821 – Xigutang literary society formed.
* 1822 - Fire.
* 1827 – The Canton Register, an English-language newspaper, begins publication.
* 1832 – Jardine, Matheson and Co. in business.
* 1834 – Wetmore & Co. in business.
* 1835 – The Canton Press, an English-language newspaper, begins publication.
* 1840 – Augustine Heard and Company in business.
* 1841
** February 27: Battle of First Bar.
** March 2: Battle of Whampoa.
** March 18: Battle of Canton
** May: Second Battle of Canton.
* 1842 – City designated a treaty port under the Treaty of Nanking.
* 1848 – Apostolic Vicariate of Guangdong-Guangxi established.
* 1856
** British/French occupation begins.
** Thirteen Factories set on fire.
* 1859 – Shameen Island divided into French and British concessions.
* 1861 – British/French occupation ends.
* 1863 – Sacred Heart Cathedral built.
* 1866 – Yu Yin Shan Fang garden laid out.
* 1879
** City area: 6.5 square kilometers (approximate).
** Population: 400,000 (estimate).
* 1894
** Plague (3rd Pandemic).
** Chen Clan Academy built.
* 1895 – First Guangzhou uprising
* 1908 – Guangzhou North Railway Station opens.
* 1911
** Kowloon–Canton Railway begins operating.
** Second Guangzhou Uprising

## Republic of China

* The Shakee Massacre on June 23, 1925, resulted in over two hundred casualties due to gunfire by British, French and Portuguese forces in Shaji (called Shake in Cantonese)
* 1918 – Urban council established.
* 1923
** June: National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party held in Guangzhou.
** Kuomintang in power.
* 1924
** Peasant Movement Training Institute and Whampoa Military Academy open.
** Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps Uprising.
** National Kwangtung University established.
* 1927 – December 11–13: Communist uprising.
* 1931 – Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall built.
* 1932
** Guangzhou Baiyun Airport opens in Baiyun District.
** Guangzhou Conservatory of Music founded.
* 1933 – Haizhu Bridge constructed.
* 1936
** Canton–Hankou Railway begins operating.
** Population: 1,122,600 (estimate).
* 1938 – October 21: Japanese occupation begins.
* 1945 – September 16: Japanese occupation ends.
* 1949
** Nationalist government under the acting president Li Zongren relocates to Guangzhou.
** Nanfang Daily newspaper begins publication.

## People's Republic of China

* 1949
** October: Communist forces enter city.
** Radio Guangdong begins broadcasting.
* 1952 – Guangzhou Daily newspaper begins publication.
* 1954
** Guangzhou Evergrande Football Club formed.
** South China Institute of Botany active.
* 1956 – Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine founded.
* 1957
** Beijing–Guangzhou Railway in operation.
** Canton Fair begins.
** Guangzhou Symphony Orchestra founded.
** Population: 1,840,000.
* 1958
** Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts in operation.
** Jinan University relocates to Guangzhou.
* 1959 – Guangdong Provincial Museum founded.
* 1964 – Population: 3,031,486.
* 1967 – Renmin Bridge built.
* 1981 - Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.
* 1982
** Guangzhou Library and Liyuan Poetry Society established.
** Population: 3,181,510 city; 5,669,640 urban agglomeration.
* 1983 – Mausoleum of the Nanyue King discovered.
* 1984
** Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone established.
** City designated sub-provincial city administrative status.
** Southern Weekly newspaper begins publication.
* 1985
** Zhujiang Brewery begins operation.
** Guangzhou Bridge built.
* 1988
** Haiyin Bridge built.
** Museum of the Mausoleum of the Nanyue King opens.
* 1990
** Guangdong International Building constructed.
** Avon begins hiring ladies in Guangzhou.
** Population: 6,299,943.
* 1991
** Guangzhou TV Tower erected.
** November: 1991 FIFA Women's World Cup held.
* 1992 – Guangzhou Free Trade Zone established.
* 1996 – Guangzhou East railway station opens.
* 1997
** Guangzhou Metro begins operating.
** CITIC Plaza and Humen Pearl River Bridge built.
** Southern Metropolis Daily begins publication.
** Xiangjiang Safari Park opens.
* 1998 – Hedong Bridge, Jiangwan Bridge, Jiefang Bridge, and Huanan Bridge open.
* 2000 – Yajisha Bridge opens.
* 2001
** Guangdong Olympic Stadium opens.
** November: Chinese National Games held in Guangzhou.
* 2002
** Vitamin Creative Space founded.
** Population: 10,106,229.
* 2003
** Zhang Guangning becomes mayor.
** Pazhou Bridge opens.
* 2004
** Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport opens in Huadu District.
** Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center built.
** Guangzhou International Women's Open tennis tournament begins.
* 2006 – Chime-Long Paradise amusement park in business.
* 2008 – Huangpu Bridge and Xinguang Bridge open.
* 2009 – Liede Bridge opens.
* 2010
** Canton Tower and Guangzhou International Finance Center built.
** November: 2010 Asian Games held.
** Guangzhou Opera House, Guangdong Museum, and Guangzhou South Railway Station open.
** Wan Qingliang becomes mayor.
** Guangzhou Television Cantonese controversy.
** Guangzhou Bus Rapid Transit system launched.
* 2011
** Guangzhou–Zhuhai Intercity Railway begins operating.
** Pearl River Tower built.
** Chen Jianhua becomes mayor.
* 2012 – Leatop Plaza and The Pinnacle built.
* 2013 - Air pollution in Guangzhou reaches annual mean of 48 PM2.5 and 72 PM10, more than recommended.
* 2021 - 2021 Guangzhou bombing.