OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Retifanlimab

Retifanlimab, sold under the brand name Zynyz, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma. Retifanlimab is a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)–blocking monoclonal antibody.
It was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2023.

## Medical uses

Retifanlimab is indicated for the treatment of adults with metastatic or recurrent locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma.

## History

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) evaluated the safety and efficacy of retifanlimab based on PODIUM-201 (NCT03599713), an open-label, multiregional, single-arm study evaluating 65 participants with metastatic or recurrent locally advanced MCC who had not received prior systemic therapy for advanced disease.
The FDA granted the application for retifanlimab priority review, fast track, and orphan drug designations.

## Society and culture
### Legal status

In February 2024, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Zynyz, intended for the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma. The applicant for this medicinal product is Incyte Biosciences Distribution B.V.

### Names

Retifanlimab is the international nonproprietary name.
# Rhopalophora venezuelensis

Rhopalophora venezuelensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat in 1859.
# Rhopalophora yucatana

Rhopalophora yucatana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Giesbert and Chemsak in 1993.
# Rhamnus alaternus

Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.

## Etymology

The specific Latin name alaternus, is from the Latin word for the plant. Its origin is obscure but is often suggested to be of Etruscan or pre-Indo-European Mediterranean origin.

## Description

Rhamnus alaternus is an evergreen shrub 1–5 metres (3 ft 3 in – 16 ft 5 in) high. The stems have reddish bark and pubescent young branches, rounded and compact foliage with alternating leaves, 2–6 centimetres (0.79–2.36 in) long, sometimes nearly opposite, oval or lanceolate, leathery, shiny green, yellowish-green underneath.
The small fragrant flowers are gathered in a short axillary yellow-green raceme. The flowering period extends from February to April. Fruits are obovoidal red-brownish drupes of about 3–4 millimetres (0.12–0.16 in), containing from 2 to 4 seeds. The drupes darken to black when ripe.

## Distribution and habitat

This species is widespread in thermophilic evergreen bush and scrubland of the Mediterranean climate regions, from Gran Canaria, Morocco and Portugal in the west, to the Levant in the east, from sea level up to 1,300 m (4,300 ft) altitude.

## Invasiveness

In Australia, where it was introduced as a garden shrub, it has become a serious invasive woody weed in many areas, especially coastal parts of SE Australia. Here it displaces native shrubs of similar size such as the sea box, Alyxia buxifolia (an endemic plant which had an important medicinal role for aboriginal people). It prevents subshrubs and herbaceous ground cover native plants from surviving due the heavy shade and competition for moisture and nutrients. It can form dense thickets with very low biodiversity.

## Cultivation

This species is cultivated as an ornamental garden shrub, valued for its glossy evergreen leaves and red berries. The variegated cultivar 'Argenteovariegata' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## Subspecies

* Rhamnus alaternus subsp. alaternus
* Rhamnus alaternus subsp. myrtifolia (Willk.) Maire
* Rhamnus alaternus subsp. pendula (Pamp.) Jafri

## Gallery

* Habit in Mallorca
* Habit in France
* Male flowers, South Africa
* Foliage and fruit, Italy
# Rhys ap Robert

Rhys ap Robert (died 1377) was a Welsh nobleman. A descendant of the progenitor of the Tudor dynasty, Ednyfed Fychan (d. 1246), he attained several positions in the administration of north Wales, including co-Constable of Flint Castle in north Wales by 1349, escheator of Caernarfonshire from 1347 to 1350, and rhaglaw (bailiff) of the commote of Dinmael in 1360–61.
Rhys' career was not without controversy. In 1354 he was fined for taking bribes, and in 1358 the men of Englefield in north-east Wales complained to the Black Prince about Rhys' oppressive measures. He lived at Kinmel near Abergele, and was a patron of the poet Iolo Goch.
Rhys' most important role in Welsh society was as a supporter of Owain Lawgoch, a mercenary in French pay and a claimant to the title of Prince of Wales, who attempted to invade Wales with French support in 1369 and again in 1372. During the latter year, Rhys' son Ieuan Wyn - who also served as a mercenary in France - was identified along with Owain as having received over 500 marks from Rhys to aid their fight against the English there. The allegations seem not to have harmed Rhys' career, as he was appointed chief serjeant of the lordship of Denbigh in 1374. He died in 1377.
# Revelry (song)

"Revelry" is the third single from Kings of Leon's 2008 fourth studio album Only by the Night, released on March 2, 2009. The single debuted on the UK Singles Chart at No. 55 via download sales alone on March 1, 2009, and peaked at No. 29 the following week. It dropped only two places to No. 31 during its second physical week. It has marked the band's ninth UK top 40 single.

## Track listing

* "Revelry" – 3:21
* "Pistol of Fire" (Mark Ronson Remix) – 3:17

## Charts

| Chart (2008–2009) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 21 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 19 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 19 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 29 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000$^‡$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Rhizopogon roseolus

Rhizopogon roseolus, shōro (Japanese: 松露/ショウロ), is an ectomycorrhizal fungus, considered a delicacy in east Asia and Japan and used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture.

## Morphology

The fruiting bodies are approximately spherical to elongated, often pear-shaped. Their diameter is up to three centimeters in dry specimens. Their color is initially white, but soon turns pink to reddish-brownish, sometimes also delicately violet-pink. At their base are root-like strands of mycelium. They give off a faint odor. There are numerous fine elastic fibrils or veins, which are not prominent, and are colored the same as the peridium or darker. This is 240 - 400 μm thick and single-layer. The gleba is initially white and becomes yellowish as it dries. The cavities within are labyrinthine, empty or filled with spores where small. They are formed by hyaline (transparent), branched hyphae. The basidia are club-shaped and hyaline, measuring 12-13 by 9-10 μm. The sterigmata are as long as the spores, which are uniquely colored, some ocher-tawny, smooth, and ellipsoidal in shape; they measure 7-16 by 3-5 μm. Since the basidia have lost the function of actively ejecting spores, the spores are dispersed not only by rainwater washing away the matured and viscous fruiting body fragments but also by insects and other feeding animals.

## Distribution and ecology

Rhizopogon roseolus is considered a cosmopolite species, distributed in Europe, North America and northeastern Asia. It has also been artificially introduced into New Zealand as an edible fungus. The fungus lives by forming ectomycorrhizae with pine trees. It has characteristics similar to those of the pioneer plants, and often appears when the typical pioneer plants settle in areas that have been subjected to strong disturbance. In Europe it grows under Pinus nigra on calcareous soil, and it forms fruiting bodies from August to November. In Japan, it is found under pine trees such as Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii and has been recorded in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu.
It has a bipolar mating system.

## Usage

Techniques for the commercial cultivation of this fungus in pine plantations have been developed and applied with successful results in Japan and New Zealand. The fungus is used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. It is considered a delicacy in Japan where it is known as shōro. Immature fruiting bodies that are still pure white inside are considered the best, and they are commonly called komeshōro (米松露/コメショウロ). After washing thoroughly with a diluted salt solution to remove debris, it is generally used as a vegetable for soup, grilled with salt, and as an ingredient in chawanmushi.
# Ribes americanum

Ribes americanum is a North American species of flowering plant in the gooseberry family known as wild black currant, American black currant, and eastern black currant. It is widespread in much of Canada (from Alberta to Nova Scotia) and the northern United States (from New England to Washington, with additional populations in Colorado and New Mexico).

## Description

Ribes americanum is a shrub growing 0.5 to 1.5 meters (20-60 inches) in height. The branches are erect and bear deciduous leaves. There are no spines. The plant may form thickets. The glandular leaves are up to 7–8 cm (3–3 in) long and have 3 or 5 lobes. They turn red and gold in the fall.
The inflorescence is a spreading or drooping raceme of up to 15 flowers. Each flower has reflexed white or greenish sepals a few millimeters long and smaller whitish petals. The fruit is a smooth rounded black berry about a centimeter (0.4 inch) wide and edible when cooked. The plant reproduces mostly by seed.

## Distribution and habitat

This shrub is native to the United States and Canada where grows in a variety of ecosystems. It occurs in many types of forests and in conifer bogs. In Manitoba it can be found in marshes. In the Great Lakes region it grows abundantly in sedge meadows (Carex spp.). Ribes americanum grows on plains and in mountains and sometimes in disturbed areas such as roadsides. It is also shade-tolerant, growing in the understory of closed-canopy woodlands and forests.
It has also been introduced to northern China.

## Ecology

Several bee species visit the flowers: Augochlora pura, Augochlorella aurata, Ceratina calcarata, Ceratina dupla, and Ceratina strenua.
This plant is an alternate host for the white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola), the vector of a pine tree disease. It is sometimes eradicated in attempts to control the rust.
The cluster cup rust (Puccinia caricina) forms aecia on the leaves of Ribes americanum in the spring, later developing brown blotches of pustules. The telia are formed on sedges (Carex).

## Uses

Native Americans made pemmican from the berries, which are also known for being made into jam and jelly.
# Rhapsody Originals

Rhapsody Originals may refer to:
* Rhapsody Originals (Brandi Carlile EP), 2007
* Rhapsody Originals (Big & Rich EP), 2007
* Rhapsody Originals (Hawthorne Heights EP), 2008
* Rhapsody Originals, a 2007 album by Taylor Swift
* Rhapsody Originals, a 2008 album by P.O.D.
# Rice River (Big Fork River tributary)

The Rice River is a river of Minnesota. It is a tributary of the Big Fork River. It begins its course at Mud Lake, Minnesota and flows largely to the west through Norman County and Mahnomen County. The river is then joined by its two largest tributaries, the South Fork of the Wild Rice and the White Earth River just before converging with the Red River of the North.
# Rhytiphora bispinosa

Rhytiphora bispinosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.
# Rhytiphora buruensis

Rhytiphora buruensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1959.
# Richard Bovet

Richard Bovet (born c. 1641) was an English author who wrote Pandaemonium, or the Devil's Cloister (1684), a book on demonology.
Bovet was virulently anti-Catholic, and his book often equates Catholicism with witchcraft. His work was influenced by that of Joseph Glanvill and Henry More.
# Richard Bow

Richard Rowland Bow (3 August 1868 – 11 June 1941) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Biography

Bow was born in Brisbane, Queensland, the son of David Bow and his wife Margaret Theresa (née Berry). By 1894 he was a butcher in Longreach 1894 and a stock inspector at the Brisbane abattoir. He then became an inspector at the abattoir.
On 22 June 1901 Bow married Elizabeth Ann Baker (died 1947) and together had one daughter. He died in 1941 in an accident at the Cannon Hill Queensland Meat Industry Board while he was supervising the unloading of stock from railway wagons. He fell between the platform and a moving train and died in the Brisbane General Hospital that night. His funeral proceeded from the funeral chapel of K.M. Smith in Fortitude Valley to the South Brisbane Cemetery.

## Public life

Bow was involved in the Barcaldine Strike Camp during the 1891 Australian shearers' strike and was a secretary of the Australian Workers' Union in Central Queensland from 1910 until 1928.
In 1928 he won the by-election held to replace John Payne who had died earlier in the year. He held the seat until it was abolished before the 1932 state election whereupon he retired from politics.
# Richard Konwiarz

Richard Konwiarz (15 February 1883 – 14 December 1960) was a German architect. He was born in Tschempin and died in Hanover.
In 1932 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his design of the "Schlesierkampfbahn" in the Sport Park of Breslau.
In the years 1952 to 1954 he constructed in cooperation with Heinz Goesmann the Niedersachsenstadion in Hanover. Meanwhile, it is rebuilt and modified and called by its sponsor AWD-Arena.
# Richard Law

Richard Law may refer to:
* Richard Law (judge) (1733–1806), American judge
* Richard Law, 1st Baron Coleraine (1901–1980), British politician
* Richard Law, 8th Baron Ellenborough (1926–2013), member of the House of Lords
* Rick Law (born 1969), illustrator
# Ricardo Torres

Ricardo Torres may refer to:
* Ricardo Torres (boxer) (born 1980), Colombian boxer
* Ricardo Torres (baseball) (1891–1960), Major League Baseball catcher and first baseman
* Ricardo Torres (cinematographer) (born 1911), on films such as Under the Sky of Spain
* Ricardo Torres (swimmer) (born 1967), Panamanian swimmer
* Ricardo Torres Balaguer (born 1955), Spanish politician
* Ricardo Torres (Sunset Beach), a fictional character in the American soap opera Sunset Beach
# Vincenzo Landinelli

Vincenzo Landinelli (died 1627) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Albenga (1616–1624) and Apostolic Collector to Portugal (1620–1621).

## Biography

Vincenzo Landinelli was born in Sarzana, Italy. On 3 August 1616, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Bishop of Albenga. On 14 August 1616, he was consecrated bishop by Giambattista Leni, Bishop of Ferrara, with Galeazzo Sanvitale, Archbishop Emeritus of Bari-Canosa, and Ulpiano Volpi, Archbishop Emeritus of Chieti, serving as co-consecrators. On 4 June 1620, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Apostolic Collector to Portugal; he resigned on 15 September 1621. He served as Bishop of Albenga until his resignation in 1624. He died on January 1627.

## Episcopal succession

* Episcopal succession of Vincenzo Landinelli
* While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of:
* Ambrogio Machin, Bishop of Alghero (1622);
* and the principal co-consecrator of:
* Girolamo Ricciulli, Bishop of Belcastro (1616);
* Lelio Veterano, Bishop of Fondi (1616);
* Altobello Carissimi, Bishop of Minervino Murge (1617);
* Giovanni Battista de Asti, Titular Bishop of Thagaste (1620);
* Fausto Caffarelli, Archbishop of Santa Severina (1624);
* Giovanni Battista Altieri (seniore), Bishop of Camerino (1624);
* Ottavio Broglia, Bishop of Asti (1624);
* Alderano Bellati (Bellatto), Bishop of Bisignano (1624);
* Francesco Maria Spinola, Bishop of Savona (1624);
* Pietro Francesco Costa, Bishop of Albenga (1624); and
* Ulysses Gherardini della Rosa, Bishop of Sessa Aurunca (1624).
# Wach (disambiguation)

Wach is a village in east-central Poland.
Wach or WACH may also refer to:
* WACH, a Fox television affiliate in Columbia, South Carolina
* Wach (surname)
* a former radio station in Newport News, Virginia; see WACH-TV (Virginia)
# Sangar (name)

Sangar is a surname or caste found primarily in India. It can be found as a Hindu surname in India. Although historically associated with people of the Brahmin varnas or gotras, the name is also widely adopted by other Hindu communities in India.
Sangar (Persian: سنگر) is also a surname found in the Middle East, primarily in Iran, as well as in various other nations.
It is found as a toponym for numerous locations in numerous nations as well. The word "Sangar" as used in the Middle East originally comes from the Persian word sang and many villages in Iran are named after the surname.
# Pomponius Bassus

Pomponius Bassus may refer to:
* Pomponius Bassus (consul 211), Roman senator and consul
* Pomponius Bassus (consul 259 & 271), Roman senator and consul
* Gaius Pomponius Bassus Terentianus, Roman senator and suffect consul c. 193
* Lucius Pomponius Bassus, Roman senator and suffect consul 118
* Titus Pomponius Bassus, Roman senator and suffect consul 94; see Galatia (Roman province)
# Kwyro Lee

Kwyro Lee is an electrical engineer at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in Daejeon, South Korea. Lee was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for his management and R&D efforts in semiconductor technology.
# Roundaboutness

Roundaboutness, or roundabout methods of production, is the process whereby capital goods are produced first and then, with the help of the capital goods, the desired consumer goods are produced.
An argument against Böhm-Bawerk's theory of roundaboutness, in economies with compound interest, was presented by Paul Samuelson during the Cambridge capital controversy.
The concept, interpreted as rising technical composition of capital, is also used by some Marxian authors.
# Mosson, Côte-d'Or

Mosson (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
# Mordellistena irritans

Mordellistena irritans is a beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1991 by Franciscolo.
# Moses Galante (disambiguation)

Moses Galante may refer to:
* Moses Galante (the Elder), died 1608
* Moses Galante (the Younger), died 1689
* Moses Galante, died 1806
# Morton P. Fisher

Morton Poe Fisher (February 14, 1897 – February 11, 1965) was a judge of the United States Tax Court from 1954 until his death in 1965.

## Education, military service, and career

Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Fisher served in the United States Navy Reserve in World War I. He received an A.B. from Johns Hopkins University in 1919, and gained admission to the bar in Maryland that same year. He immediately entered the practice of law in Baltimore, and received an LL.B. from the University of Maryland in 1920, where he received an award for highest scholastic average and best legal thesis. He remained in civil practice until 1923, when he became an assistant U.S. attorney for the District of Maryland until 1925, returning to private practice in Baltimore until 1927. He was a special assistant to the Attorney General in the Tax Division of the United States Department of Justice from 1928 to 1930, and was again in private practice in Baltimore from 1931 to 1943.
In World War II, he served in the United States Army and achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was awarded a Certificate of Merit, an Army Commendation Ribbon, and a Battle Star. After the war, he was a member of the Internal Revenue Service Excess Profits Tax Council from 1946 to 1947, after which he returned to private practice in Baltimore until 1954.

## Judicial service

In 1954, President Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated Fisher to a seat on the United States Tax Court. Fisher was confirmed by the United States Senate, and took his oath of office as judge on March 4, 1954. He was reappointed for succeeding term beginning June 2, 1956, set to expire June 1, 1968, but he died three years before the end of his term.

## Teaching and writing

In addition to his professional activities, Fisher was a lecturer at the University of Baltimore on Federal Taxation from 1941 to 1943 and from 1946 to 1953, and on Maryland Pleading from 1949 to 1953. During this time, he co-authored Fisher on Maryland Pleading (2d edition). He also held various positions with the American Bar Association and the Maryland State Bar Association.

## Personal life

Fisher married Adelaide Rose Block of Baltimore, with whom he had one daughter and one son.
# Moscow Airport

Moscow Airport may refer to:

## Serving Moscow, Russia
### Commercial passenger and cargo traffic airports

* Moscow Domodedovo Airport
* Sheremetyevo International Airport
* Vnukovo International Airport
* Zhukovsky International Airport

### Private and military air traffic

* Myachkovo Airport
* Ostafyevo International Airport
* Chkalovsky Airport
* Kubinka (air base)

### Defunct airports

* Khodynka Aerodrome
* Tushino Airfield
* Bykovo Airport

## Serving Moscow, Idaho, United States

* Pullman–Moscow Regional Airport (also serving Pullman, Washington)
# Moss Brook

Moss Brook is a watercourse in Rochdale, Greater Manchester and a tributary of the River Roch. It originates in Newbold, and flows Northwards to join the River Roch. The majority of the brook is now culverted.
| Next confluence upstream | River Roch | Next confluence downstream |
| Hey Brook | Moss Brook | River Spodden |
* This Greater Manchester location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Moshe Teitelbaum

Moshe Teitelbaum may refer to:
* Moshe Teitelbaum (Ujhel) (1759–1841), Hasidic Rebbe
* Moshe Teitelbaum (Satmar) (1914–2006), Hasidic Rebbe
# Mount Dallas, Pennsylvania

Mount Dallas is a populated place in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located in the water gap of Tussey Mountain, approximately one mile (two kilometers) upstream of Everett along the Raystown Branch Juniata River. It was the northern terminus of the now dismantled Bedford and Bridgeport Railroad formerly controlled by the Pennsylvania Railroad, and was one of the main points for the planned South Pennsylvania Railroad that was never completed.
Mount Dallas is located at 40°0′43″N 78°23′42″W﻿ / ﻿40.01194°N 78.39500°W﻿ / 40.01194; -78.39500.
# Mosset

Mosset (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

## Geography

Mosset is located in the canton of Les Pyrénées catalanes and in the arrondissement of Prades.
# Mossfield Organic Farm

Mossfield Organic Farm is a 300-acre dairy farm in Birr, County Offaly, in Ireland. Owned by Ralph Haslam, it was converted to organic farming in 1999 and since 2005 has produced a number of products using milk from his Friesian cows.

## Products

Mossfield Mature is an organically certified Gouda-style cheese. The cheese is aged for over eight months.
There is also a range of Mossfield Flavoured cheeses:
* Garlic & Basil
* Tomato & Herb
* Mature
* Young Plain
* Cumin Seed
In addition to cheese the farm produces milk, buttermilk and yogurt.

## Awards

The cheese has won many awards including the Gold Medal at the World Cheese Awards in 2006, and was the overall winner at the 2010 National Organic Awards.