OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Echegaray Medal

The Echegaray Medal (Spanish: La Medalla Echegaray) is the highest scientific award granted by the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences. The award was created by Alfonso XIII at the request of Santiago Ramón y Cajal after the award of the Nobel Prize to José Echegaray and is awarded in recognition of an exceptional scientific career.
The first time it was granted was in 1907 to the eponymous José Echegaray. More than a hundred years after the award was created, the first woman to receive the Echegaray Medal was Margarita Salas in 2016 during a ceremony which was presided over by Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía of Spain.

## Past recipients

* 1907 José Echegaray
* 1910 Eduardo Saavedra
* 1913 SAS el Príncipe Alberto I de Mónaco
* 1916 Leonardo Torres Quevedo
* 1919 Svante Arrhenius
* 1922 Santiago Ramón y Cajal
* 1925 Hendrik Antoon Lorentz
* 1928 Ignacio Bolívar
* 1931 Ernest Rutherford
* 1934 Joaquín María de Castellarnau
* 1968 Obdulio Fernández
* 1975 José María Otero de Navascués
* 1979 José García Santesmases
* 1998 Manuel Lora Tamayo
* 2016 Margarita Salas
* 2018 Mariano Barbacid
* 2020 Francisco Guinea
* 2022 José A. Carrillo
# Echelmeyer Ice Stream

The Echelmeyer Ice Stream (79°10′S 150°00′W﻿ / ﻿79.167°S 150.000°W﻿ / -79.167; -150.000), formerly known as Ice Stream F, is a glaciological feature of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. It is an ice stream flowing west to the Shirase Coast to the north of the MacAyeal Ice Stream, and is one of several major ice streams draining from Marie Byrd Land into the Ross Ice Shelf. The ice streams were investigated and mapped by U.S. Antarctic Research Program personnel in a number of field seasons from 1983–84 and originally named Ice Stream A, B, C, etc., according to their position from south to north.
The name was changed from Ice Stream F by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2002 to honor Dr. Keith A. Echelmeyer of the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, who studied the flow of Marie Byrd Land ice streams, 1992–93 and 1994–95, as well as the fast flow of surging glaciers in Alaska and Greenland. Dr. Echelmeyer was a student of Barclay Kamb for whom Kamb Ice Stream is named.
# Eckmann–Hilton duality

In the mathematical disciplines of algebraic topology and homotopy theory, Eckmann–Hilton duality in its most basic form, consists of taking a given diagram for a particular concept and reversing the direction of all arrows, much as in category theory with the idea of the opposite category. A significantly deeper form argues that the fact that the dual notion of a limit is a colimit allows us to change the Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms for homology to give axioms for cohomology. It is named after Beno Eckmann and Peter Hilton.

## Discussion

An example is given by currying, which tells us that for any object $X$, a map $X\times I\to Y$ is the same as a map $X\to Y^{I}$, where $Y^{I}$ is the exponential object, given by all maps from $I$ to $Y$. In the case of topological spaces, if we take $I$ to be the unit interval, this leads to a duality between $X\times I$ and $Y^{I}$, which then gives a duality between the reduced suspension $\Sigma X$, which is a quotient of $X\times I$, and the loop space $\Omega Y$, which is a subspace of $Y^{I}$. This then leads to the adjoint relation $\langle \Sigma X,Y\rangle =\langle X,\Omega Y\rangle$, which allows the study of spectra, which give rise to cohomology theories.
We can also directly relate fibrations and cofibrations: a fibration $p\colon E\to B$ is defined by having the homotopy lifting property, represented by the following diagram
and a cofibration $i\colon A\to X$ is defined by having the dual homotopy extension property, represented by dualising the previous diagram:
The above considerations also apply when looking at the sequences associated to a fibration or a cofibration, as given a fibration $F\to E\to B$ we get the sequence
    $\cdots \to \Omega ^{2}B\to \Omega F\to \Omega E\to \Omega B\to F\to E\to B\,$
and given a cofibration $A\to X\to X/A$ we get the sequence
    $A\to X\to X/A\to \Sigma A\to \Sigma X\to \Sigma \left(X/A\right)\to \Sigma ^{2}A\to \cdots .\,$
and more generally, the duality between the exact and coexact Puppe sequences.
This also allows us to relate homotopy and cohomology: we know that homotopy groups are homotopy classes of maps from the n-sphere to our space, written $\pi _{n}(X,p)\cong \langle S^{n},X\rangle$, and we know that the sphere has a single nonzero (reduced) cohomology group. On the other hand, cohomology groups are homotopy classes of maps to spaces with a single nonzero homotopy group. This is given by the Eilenberg–MacLane spaces $K(G,n)$ and the relation
    $H^{n}(X;G)\cong \langle X,K(G,n)\rangle .$
A formalization of the above informal relationships is given by Fuks duality.
# Eckmann

Eckmann is a surname of German origin. It is composed of the German words "eck(e)" (meaning "corner") and "mann" (meaning "man"). It may refer to:
* Alyson Eckmann (born 1990), American television and radio host
* Beno Eckmann (1917–2008), Swiss mathematician
* Chris M. Eckmann (1874–1937), Mayor of Anchorage, Alaska from 1926 to 1927
* Jean-Pierre Eckmann (born 1944), mathematical physicist, son of Beno Eckmann
* Max Eckmann (1851–1931), New York assemblyman
* Otto Eckmann (1865–1902), German painter and graphic artist
# Sandrine Doucet

Sandrine Doucet (10 September 1959 – 4 February 2019) was a French politician. As a member of the Socialist Party, she served as a Deputy between 2012 and 2017, representing Gironde's 1st constituency.
Citing health reasons, Doucet did not seek re-election in 2017. She died of cancer at age 59 on 4 February 2019.
# San Juan de Rioseco

San Juan de Rioseco is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca with a population of about 10,000 people. It lies in mountainous terrain in the coffee land at an altitude of about 4,000 feet, high above the Magdalena River, on the western slope of Colombia's eastern cordillera about 60 miles from Bogotá by car. On a clear day the snow-capped peaks of four volcanos in the central cordillera (Nevado del Tolima, Nevado del Quindío, Nevado de Santa Isabel, and Nevado del Ruiz) can be seen in the distance to the west.
The main industry of the region is agriculture, principally coffee grown in small farms on steep slopes in the shade provided by banana trees, guava trees, cacao trees, papaya trees, and other tropical trees, the fruit from which provides an additional income crop for farmers. Higuerilla, the seeds of which yield a fine oil, is another cash crop. Coffee in the San Juan area is still grown and processed in traditional ways, and at some times of the year, coffee is spread out to dry on sunny days in a small plaza located northeast of the central plaza.
Daytime temperatures, year-round, commonly range in the 70s and 80s (degrees Fahrenheit), dropping into the 60s at night. A lovely, light fog often drifts through the air in early morning. Heavy rainstorms are common, but usually of short duration.
The town is busy by day, and the central plaza, dominated by a twin-towered Catholic church on the south side, provides a gathering place for the local population in the evenings, when street-vendors sell delicious arepas and chorizos, and cafés with outdoor seating serve soft drinks and beer. The Rapicono (nearby but off plaza) is a popular spot for an ice cream dessert or a traditional, Colombian fruit cocktail called salpicón.
San Juan and the surrounding area have an amazing variety of beautiful birds of all colors: blues, reds, yellows, greens, browns, and blacks. Many friendly dogs socialize throughout the town during the day and return home to their human families in the early evening. Local roosters coax their hens to their roosts at 6:00 pm every day and wake the town in the early morning with their quiquiriquís to start another day in the coffee land.
The families of some prominent politicians and farmers of Colombia have come from San Juan de Ricoseco. One of them is the maternal family of former President Julio César Turbay Ayala. Another is the family of Lucila López Poveda de García, the first woman elected to the Asamblea of the Department of Tolima, and her uncle Roberto Poveda Ramírez, a coffee farmer legendary in the region who had a large plantation at La Muchagua, about four miles by car west of San Juan. Also from San Juan were the family of Doctor Eduardo Millan Millan (Magistrado de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, the Supreme Court of Colombia), Ingeniero Alfonso Santos Montero (Senador de la República and Rector of both Universidad de Cundinamarca and Universidad Libre), and Álvaro Cruz Vargas (twice governor of Cundinamarca, stripped of his office for embezzlement).
# Rick Danko in Concert

Rick Danko in Concert was Canadian musician Rick Danko's second solo release, issued in 1997 as the first release from Woodstock Records, a small label in which Danko and the Band had interests. Featuring live recordings of eight tracks previously issued on both early-period and late-period Band albums (with a cover of "Don't Mess Up a Good Thing" added to give keyboardist Aaron Hurwitz a vocal shot), it was culled from two low-fidelity live shows at the Orpheum Theatre, Boston, Massachusetts, on 22 February 1997, and Atomic Productions, Clinton, New Jersey, on 6 March 1997.
The album features stripped-down arrangements, as only Danko (mostly sticking to guitar), Aaron Hurwitz (piano and accordion) and Band drummer Randy Ciarlante are present.

## Track listing

* "Intro" – 0:13
* "Crazy Mama" (J. J. Cale) – 5:25
* "Twilight" (Robbie Robertson) – 4:39
* "Stage Fright" (Robertson) – 4:14
* "It Makes No Difference" (Robertson) – 5:31
* "Long Black Veil" (M. J. Wilkin, Danny Dill) – 6:41
* "Don't Mess Up a Good Thing" (Oliver Sain) – 3:55
* "Blind Willie McTell" (Bob Dylan) – 5:40
* "Chest Fever" (Robertson) – 5:58
* "The Shape I'm In" (Robertson) – 4:44

## Personnel

* Rick Danko – guitar, bass, lead and backing vocals
* Aaron Hurwitz – piano, accordion, backing and lead vocals
* Randy Ciarlante – drums, backing and lead vocals
# Sandrelli

Sandrelli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Amanda Sandrelli (born 1964), Italian actress
* Patrizio Sandrelli (born 1950), Italian singer-songwriter
* Stefania Sandrelli (born 1946), Italian actress
# Sant Gregori (la Cellera de Ter)

Sant Gregori (la Cellera de Ter) is a mountain of the Guilleries Massif, Catalonia, Spain. It has an elevation of 1,090.8 metres above sea level.
# Rick Darnell

Richard Darnell (born January 1, 1953) is a retired professional basketball center who spent one season in the American Basketball Association (ABA) with the Virginia Squires during the 1975–76 season. He completed his collegiate career at San Jose State University, after two seasons (1970–71, 1971–72) at Cypress College and one season (1972–73) at Indiana State.
He averaged 17.5 points and 12.8 rebounds during his career at Cypress; he remains tied for ninth in career rebounds for the Chargers. He averaged 9.7 points and 8.1 rebounds during his one season at Indiana State & 10.2 points and 8.1 rebounds during his season at San Jose State.
Rick Darnell currently coaches basketball to underprivileged children in South Los Angeles.
# Santa Cruz Analquito

Santa Cruz Analquito is a municipality in the Cuscatlán department of El Salvador.
* This El Salvador location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Richard Heinrich Rosenblatt

Richard Heinrich Rosenblatt (December 21, 1930– October 14, 2014) was an American ichthyologogist. Rosenblatt was born in Kansas City, Missouri in 1930, and died in San Diego, California in 2014. Rosenblatt was awarded the Frederick H. Stoye Award for undergraduate students in ichthyology by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists in 1956 and 1957. He held three degrees from the University of California, Los Angeles, receiving his BA in 1953, his MA in 1954, and his PhD in 1959. Rosenblatt proposed in his unpublished dissertation what is now the genus name for the Largemouth triplefin, Ucla, after the initials of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
# Santa Maria della Pace, Castelbolognese

Santa Maria della Pace is a Roman Catholic church located on Via Emilia Levante #1300 in the town of Castelbolognese, in the region of Emilia Romagna, Italy.

## History

A church at the site was first built in 1171 to celebrate peace between the town and Bologna. In 1501, the church was assigned to the Camaldolese order. A flood of the River Senio in the late 1940s destroyed that church, and it was reconstituted after 1950. In 1983, it underwent a reconstruction in a modern style that recalls the Romanesque origins. The interiors have a fresco from the 16th century, and a 15th-century tabernacle. A marble plaque near the entrance recounts the founding of the church.
# Rick Dickson

Rick Dickson (born June 14, 1954) is an American former sports administrator. He previously served as the athletic director at University of Tulsa, and at Tulane University from 2000 through 2015. After taking over in 2000, Tulane teams have since won nine Conference USA Championships. They have advanced to NCAA postseason play 15 times (counting three NCAA Tournament appearances each by the Green Wave women's basketball and men's tennis teams). Tulane advanced to the College World Series in 2001 and 2005. During his administration the Tulane Green Wave became a member of the American Athletic Conference, leaving Conference USA.
Dickson is a graduate of Bishop Kelley High School in Tulsa, Oklahoma and the University of Tulsa. Prior to Tulane, he was athletic director for six years at Washington State University in Pullman. The Cougars played in their first Rose Bowl in 67 years in January 1998.
Dickson announced his retirement in April 2024.
# Santa Teresa Mountains

The Santa Teresa Mountains are a mountain range located within the Coronado National Forest and partly within the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, in western Graham County, Arizona. The highpoint of the range located in the Coronado National Forest section is 7,481 ft (2,280 m), however the high point of the entire range is Mt. Turnbull at 8,282 ft (2,524 m) elevation and is located on the reservation. Hiking or recreational activity in the San Carlos Indian Reservation section of the mountain range may require special permission and/or a permit at the cost of a small fee.
The Santa Teresa Wilderness area is in the range. It is attached north with the North Santa Teresa Wilderness.

## Black Rock

Black Rock is an important landmark, in the eastern region of the range. It is important in the heritage of Native Americans.
# Santissimo Redentore a Valmelaina

Santissimo Redentore a Valmelaina is a 20th-century parochial church and titular church in northeastern Rome, dedicated to Jesus as the Most Holy Redeemer.

## History

The church was built in 1975–78.
On 26 November 1994, it was made a titular church to be held by a cardinal-priest.

### Cardinal-protectors

* Ersilio Tonini (1994–2013)
* Ricardo Ezzati (2014–present)
# Santiniketan Medical College

Santiniketan Medical College (SMC), established in 2021, is a private/Public-Private partnership (PPP Model) medical college located in Santiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India. It offers the Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) degree course. The college is recognized by the National Medical Commission and affiliated with the West Bengal University of Health Sciences. The hospital associated with this college is the Bolpur Subdivisional Hospital. Smc is also the India's 1st PPP medical College under National medical commission Act.
# Rideau Hall Rebels

The Rideau Hall Rebels or, by its full name, the Vice-Regal and Parliamentary Hockey Club was one of the first ice hockey teams in Canada. The team was based out of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and named after Rideau Hall, a Canadian governmental building, the residence of the Governor General. This team introduced ice hockey to then Canadian Governor General Lord Stanley, who would later donate the Stanley Cup championship trophy.
Organized by James Creighton in 1884, and captained by John Augustus Barron, the team consisted of young Canadian parliamentarians and government 'aides-de camp' including Mr. Creighton and Edward and Arthur Stanley, sons of Lord Stanley. This group of players would travel to matches around Ontario in the Governor-General's private rail-car.
# Sanguirana igorota

Sanguirana igorota is a species of true frog, family Ranidae. It is endemic to Cordillera Central of the island of Luzon, Philippines. Its closest relative is Sanguirana luzonensis, and it has even been considered synonym of that species; a later study suggests still unresolved relationships between S. igorota, S. luzonensis, and S. tipanan. Common name Taylor's Igorot frog has been coined for this species.

## Description

Adult males measure 50–58 mm (2.0–2.3 in) and adult females 68–82 mm (2.7–3.2 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is squarish in dorsal view. The tympanum can be translucent. Moderate dorsolateral ridges are present. The dorsum is olive green with bronze spots. The venter is yellow. Fine dorsal asperities are present. The groin is tuberculate. No vocal sac is present in males.

## Habitat and conservation

Sanguirana igorota occurs in cool streams and rivers in montane rainforest at elevations of 850–950 m (2,790–3,120 ft) above sea level (800–1,300 m (2,600–4,300 ft) in other sources). It can be fairly abundant in suitable habitat and tolerates some habitat disturbance. Presumably, breeding takes place in streams; the eggs are laid in water. It is threatened by habitat loss (deforestation) caused by habitat conversion to agriculture or real estate.
# Rita Tamašauskaitė

Rita Tamašauskaitė (born 22 June 1941) is a retired Lithuanian rower who won three European titles in the eights event in 1963, 1965 and 1967; she finished second in 1966. In 1962 Tamašauskaitė graduated from the Lithuanian Sports University and later worked as a rowing referee.
# Sarah Baker (painter)

Sarah Marinda Baker (1899–1983) was an American painter.

## Education

A native of Memphis, Tennessee, Baker studied at the Maryland Institute College of Art in Baltimore and had lessons with Hugh Breckenridge, Arthur Charles, and André Lhote. She also studied with Pierre Bonnard.

## Career
### Teaching

She was active as a teacher at the Bryn Mawr School for Girls in Baltimore, from 1929 to 1937; St. Timothy's School in Catonsville, from 1931 to 1945; and American University, from 1945 to 1983.

### Painting

In 1935 she received a prize from the Washington Society of Independent Artists, and in 1945 she received one from the Baltimore Museum of Art; in 1926 she won a fellowship gold medal from the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. The Brooklyn Museum and the Phillips Collection are among museums holding examples of Baker's work. Among her pupils was Willem De Looper. Baker's papers are housed at the Archives of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution.
# Sarah O'Connell

Sarah O'Connell (1822?–1870) was a New Zealand runholder. She was born in Mallow, County Cork, Ireland in 1822.
# Rio Bananal Futebol Clube

Rio Bananal Futebol Clube, commonly known as Rio Bananal, is a Brazilian football club based in Rio Bananal, Espírito Santo state.

## History

The club was founded on January 17, 2007. They finished in the second position in the Campeonato Capixaba Second Level in 2008, losing the competition to Serra.

## Stadium

Rio Bananal Futebol Clube play their home games at Estádio Virgílio Grassi. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 4,000 people.
# Steve Ryan

Steve or Steven Ryan may refer to:

## Sportsmen

* Steve Ryan (soccer) (born 1956), American soccer player
* Steve Ryan (American football), American football coach in the United States
* Steve Ryan, curler in the 2014 Newfoundland and Labrador Tankard

## Others

* Steve Ryan (actor, born 1947) (1947–2007), American actor
* Steve Ryan (actor, born 1980) (born 1980), American actor
* Steve Ryan (author) (born 1949), American author
* Steve Ryan, candidate in the 1985 Ontario general election
# Semifonte

Semifonte was a fortified city in Tuscany, Italy, built during the late 12th century and destroyed after a siege by Florence in 1202. Its remains are within the modern comune of Barberino Val d'Elsa.
It was sited midway between Florence and Siena on a hill overlooking the Elsa valley and the intersection of the two main routes in the area, the Via Francigena and the Via Chiantigiana, so enabling it to control trade in Tuscany. This dominant position proved to be its downfall.
The peace treaty required the surviving inhabitants to demolish their own city, exiled them all, and forbade any further building on the site. Supposedly salt was plowed into the ground. After the demolition, the stone was transported to nearby Barberino Val d'Elsa and was used in 1204, to build the walls that still stand today.
It was not until the 16th century that a commemorative chapel, dedicated to St Michael, was built on the site of Semifonte, by Santi di Tito in 1597; or in the 18th century by the Lorena family. The dome surmounting the chapel is a one-eighth scale replica of Brunelleschi's dome on the cathedral of Florence,
Today, very little remains of the city: one truncated tower of the southern gate (Porta San Niccolò) and a nearby chapel, plus various buried remains. These are to be found on the summit of the hill above the village of Petrognano-Semifonte, which dates back to the time of the city and stood outside the walls.
The Florentine campaign is documented in the archives of Florence. The events were also described by Pace di Certaldo, a contemporary author. There is a modern account in Italian in the book "Semifonte" by Enzo Salvini. 43°32′31.36″N 11°07′51.93″E﻿ / ﻿43.5420444°N 11.1310917°E﻿ / 43.5420444; 11.1310917
# Szkice węglem

Szkice węglem is a 1957 Polish historical film directed by Antoni Bohdziewicz. It is based on a novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz.
# Xuân Hóa

Xuân Hoá is a commune (xã) and village in Minh Hóa District, Quảng Bình Province, in Vietnam.
* This article about a location in Quảng Bình province, Vietnam is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# What Two Can Do

"What Two Can Do" is a song written and recorded by American singer Deniece Williams for her 1981 album My Melody. It was produced by Thom Bell and released as a single in 1981 by ARC/Columbia Records. It reached number 17 on the US Billboard Hot Soul Singles chart.

## Critical reception

The Philadelphia Inquirer called "What Two Can Do" an "appealing upbeat tune."

## Charts

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| US Hot Soul Singles | 17 |
# Laricola

Laricola is a genus of extinct gull-like birds that lived during the late Oligocene and early Miocene in what is now Europe.

## Taxonomy

Mlíkovský described the genus Laricola in 2002. Milne-Edwards (1863–1868) had previously classified three of the genus' members (Laricola elegans, L. totanoides, and L. desnoyersii) as Larus. The type species is Laricola elegans (Milne-Edwards, 1868). Laricola have "proportionally longer and more slender legs" than extant species of the family Laromorphae.
Laricola fossils stem from France, and allegedly the Czech Republic.

## Species

The genus contains five species.
Laricola elegans (Milne-Edwards, 1868)
Laricola totanoides (Milne-Edwards, 1868)
Laricola desnoyersii (Milne-Edwards, 1863)
Laricola intermedia (De Pietri et al., 2014)
Laricola robusta (De Pietri et al., 2014)
# Western Australian Government Railway D class

Western Australian Government Railway D class may refer to one of the following locomotives:
* WAGR D class (1884)
* WAGR D class
* WAGR D class (diesel)
# Western Australian Government Railways K class

Western Australian Government Railway K class may refer to one of the following locomotives:
* WAGR K class (1891)
* WAGR K class
* WAGR K class (diesel)