OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tang Chao (physicist)

Tang Chao (Chinese: 汤超; born 1958) is a Chair Professor of Physics and Systems Biology at Peking University.

## Education

He had his undergraduate training at the University of Science and Technology of China, then went to the United States through the CUSPEA program organized by Professor T. D. Lee. He received a Ph.D. degree in Physics from the University of Chicago.

## Career

In his early career, he worked on problems in statistical physics, dynamical system and complex systems. In 1987, along with Per Bak and Kurt Wiesenfeld, he proposed the concept and developed the theory for self-organized criticality, which had and continues to have broad applications in complex systems with scale invariance. The model they used to illustrate the idea is referred to as the Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld "sandpile" model. His current research interest is at the interface between physics and biology. Specifically, he focuses on systems biology and works on problems such as protein folding, cell cycle regulation, function-topology relationship in biological network, cell fate determination and design principles in biological systems. He was a tenured Full Professor at the University of California San Francisco before returning to China in 2011. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the founding director of the interdisciplinary Center for Quantitative Biology at Peking University and the founding Co-Editor-in-Chief of the journal Quantitative Biology.

## Selected publications

* Self-organized criticality
* Protein folding
* Robustness in cell cycle control
* Network topology, function and dynamics
* Cell fate determination
# Patricia Scott

Pat, Patrecia or Patricia Scott may refer to:

## Public officials

* Pat Scott (1940–2023), American member of Congress from Colorado; married name Pat Schroeder
* Patricia Scott (politician) (before 1960–2001), American legislator (Washington House of Representatives)
* Patricia Scott (public servant), Australian government official and policymaker since 1990

## Others

* Patricia Katherine Montagu Douglas Scott (1910–2012), Scottish countess
* Patricia Scott (author) (1926–2012), Australian author and storyteller
* Pat Scott (1929–2016), American baseball pitcher
* Patrecia Scott (1940–1977), Canadian-American actress and model
# Kenneth Allen

Kenneth or Kenny Allen may refer to:

## Sports

* Kenny Allen (archer) (born 1969), British Paralympic archer
* Kenny Allen (racing driver) (born 1956), former driver in the Craftsman Truck Series
* Kenny Allen (footballer) (born 1948), retired English professional football goalkeeper
* Kenny Allen (American football) (born 1994), American football punter and placekicker

## Others

* Ken Allen (composer), American video game composer
* Kenneth Allen (murderer) (born 1942), American convicted murderer
* Kenneth Allen (physicist) (1923–1997), professor of nuclear physics at the University of Oxford, England
* Kenneth Radway Allen (1911–2008), New Zealand fisheries biologist
* Admiral Tibet (Kenneth Allen, born 1960), Jamaican reggae singer
# Zhang Jun (serial killer)

Zhang Jun (Chinese: 张君; pinyin: Zhāng Jūn; August 5, 1966 – May 20, 2001) was a Chinese robber and serial killer. From June 1993 to September 2000, Zhang and his associates robbed a total of 22 stores in Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan and Guangxi, killing 28 people and wounding 23. The total amount stolen was alleged to be 5.36 million yuan.

## Early life

Zhang Jun was born on August 5, 1966, in Hualin Village, Changde, Hunan into a poor family. He was the youngest of seven brothers and sisters. Because of his poor family, he dropped out of school in the first year of high school to participate in social activities. He was arrested in 1989 and sentenced to labor reform.

## Robberies

On December 22, 1995, Zhang robbed the Chongqing Friendship store, killing one person and stole gold jewelry worth 455,000 yuan.
On December 25, 1996, Zhang robbed Shanghai's first department store, stealing gold jewelry worth more than 630,000 yuan.
On November 27, 1997, Zhang robbed Changsha Friendship Mall, killing two people and stole gold jewelry worth 1.372 million yuan.
On December 20, 1998, Zhang raided a public security checkpoint and the toll station of the Public Security County of Hebei Province, killing two people.
On January 4, 1999, Zhang robbed the gold jewelry cabinet of Wuhan Square in Wuhan, killing one person and stealing 30,000 yuan and 2.634 million in gold jewelry.
On August 15, 2000, Zhang robbed the president of the Agricultural Bank of Anxiang County, killing two people and stealing 16,000 yuan.
On September 1 of the same year, Zhang robbed a cash truck in Changde, killing seven people and stealing two small sub-machine guns and 20 bullets.

## Previous crimes

In 1993, Zhang Jun and his friend Liu Baogang, who was known to the Shaoguan Institute, went to Anxiang County to commit a robbery. The robbery was not successful and Zhang accidentally injured his companion. In order to avoid capture, he killed Liu with a hammer and disposed of his corpse. After that, he could not escape to Guangxi and killed a Hubei businessman before the Spring Festival. At the same time, he met a mistress in Guangxi and using money she gave him, purchased a pistol. After that, he lured two escorts to a mountain where he killed them both in order to practice killing people quickly.

## Arrest

The Chongqing police issued an arrest order to the investigative team for Zhang Jun on September 19, also arresting one of his mistresses, Quan Hongyan, who came out of the hospital with him. According to reports, Zhang had a military hand grenade with him when he was arrested. Wen Qiang, then deputy director of the Chongqing Municipal Public Security Bureau, personally interrogated Zhang Jun.

## Trial

On April 14, 2001, Zhang Jun was sentenced to death by the First Intermediate People's Court of Chongqing for intentional homicide and robbery, and deprived of political rights for life. On May 20, 2001, he was executed in Chongqing.

## Cultural references

The 2020 film Caught in Time (除暴) is based on the story of Zhang Jun.
# Sustainer engine

A sustainer engine is a rocket engine which remains with a spacecraft during its ascent after booster engines have separated from the spacecraft.
# Keskaradaddi

Keskaradaddi is a village in Belgaum district in Karnataka, India.
# Vasai Road–Diva DEMU

Vasai Road–Diva DEMU is a DEMU train belonging to Central Railway zone that runs between Vasai Road and Diva Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 71083/71084/71085/71086/71093/71094 train numbers on a daily basis.

## Service

* The Vasai Road–Diva DEMU has an average speed of 46 km/h and covers 40 km in 52m.
* The Diva–Vasai Road DEMU has an average speed of 40 km/h and covers 40 km in 1h.

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:
* Vasai Road
* Juchandra
* Kaman Road
* Kharbav
* Bhiwandi Road
* Kopar
* Diva Junction
# Svetomír Kmošťák

Svetomír Kmošťák is a former Czechoslovak slalom canoeist who competed in the 1970s.
He won two medals in the C-2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold in 1977 and a silver in 1975.
# Velence

Velence is a town in the county of Fejér, Hungary, on the shore of Lake Velence.
Its name is the same in Hungarian as that of the Italian city of Venice, though they are suffixed differently: "in Velence" is Velencén, while Velencében refers to the Italian city (Magyar Angol Nagyszótár, Akadémiai Kiadó. See Hungarian grammar for details).

## Notable people

* Alajos Hauszmann (1847–1926), architect, professor, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
* Klára Somogyi (1913–1996), tennis player
* Péter Kun (1967–1993), hard rock guitarist
* Zsolt Szekeres (born 1975), football player
* Anita Kulcsár (1976–2005), handball player
# Kevin Maher (American soccer)

Kevin Maher is a retired American soccer midfielder who spent four seasons in the Major Indoor Soccer League. He was the 1984–1985 MISL Rookie of the Year and a 1982 NCAA Division I first team All American.

## Youth

Maher played soccer from 1975 to 1978 at Guilford High School. He and his teammates won three consecutive state championships (1976–1978) and Maher was named a Parade Magazine High School All-America in 1978. He then attended Yale University, playing on the men's soccer team from 1979 to 1982. He was a 1981 second team and 1982 first team All American. In his four seasons with the Bulldogs, he scored 33 goals and added 11 assists. In 1983, he played with the U.S. U-23 national team at the 1983 Pan American Games.

## Professional

In 1983, the Pittsburgh Spirit selected Maher in the Major Indoor Soccer League draft. Maher joined the Pittsburgh Spirit of the Major Indoor Soccer League. He spent three seasons with the Spirit, winning 1983–1984 Rookie of the Year honors. In August 1986, the expansion New York Express announced they had signed Maher. The Express folded during the season and Maher retired from playing professionally.
He was inducted into the Connecticut Soccer Hall of Fame in 2008.
# Veera Bahu (film)

Veera Bahu is a 2011 Kannada film in the action genre starring Duniya Vijay and Nidhi Subbaiah in the lead roles. The film has been directed and written by S. Mahendar and produced by Sandesh Nagaraj under Sandesh Combines. V. Harikrishna has composed the music.

## Plot

Vijay and Rangayana Raghu play the role of graveyard protector while Nidhi plays the role of an Iyengari girl.

## Cast

* Duniya Vijay as Veerabahu
* Nidhi Subbaiah as Devi
* Vinaya Prasad
* Rangayana Raghu as Amase
* M.N Lakshmi Devi
* Raju Talikote
* A. T. Raghu
* Avinash
* Kishori Ballal

## Soundtrack

| # | Title | Singers |
| 1 | "Ding Diga Ding" | Tippu |
| 2 | "Hetthavalu Yaaru" | L. N. Shastry |
| 3 | "Neenello" | Rajesh Krishnan, Srivardhini |
| 4 | "Raave Raave" | Vijay Prakash |
| 5 | "Ringa Ringa Roja" | Hemanth Kumar |

## Reception
### Critical response

A critic from The Times of India scored the film at 3 out of 5 stars and wrote "Hats off to Vijay for his outstanding performance as an innocent grave digger. Nidhi Subbaih excels with her excellent dialogue delivery and expressions. Rangayana Raghu has given life to his role. Music by V Harikrishna and cinematography by Ananth Urs is appreciable". Shruti Indira Lakshminarayana from Rediff.com scored the film at 1.5 out of 5 stars and says "The melodramatic and stretched climax also works against the film. Veera Bahu could have been an out of the box flick given the coming together of powerhouses like Mahender and Vijay. Sadly, though it disappoints". B S Srivani from Deccan Herald wrote "A fine performance by Rangayana Raghu, who does not go overboard, Raju Talikote’s wry humour, Anant Urs’ intelligent camerawork and excellent background score by Harikrishna all embellish Mahendar’s screenplay. Yes, the film drags on but this Veerabahu is served up with all the correct ingredients". A critic from Bangalore Mirror wrote "Vijay, Rangayana Raghu and Avinash fall victims to the limited scope their respective characters offer. Though there are flashes of brilliance in dialogues, the overall quality remains pathetic. The film has finesse in its looks, but not in the story.For those expecting some magic from the Mahendar-Vijay combination, Veerabahu is a big let-down". A critic from DNA wrote "Rangayana Raghu does his usual act, as do Avinash and Dharma who play the usual tough cops. Raju Talikote plays a man from Hubbali who offers good repartees. Nidhi has done a good job. Watch this film, it entertains in true mass style".
# Varadachariar

Varadachariar is an Indian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Srinivas Varadachariar (1881–1970), Indian jurist
* Tiger Varadachariar (1876–1950), Carnatic music vocalist
# Velhavali

Velhavali is a village in Mawal taluka of Pune district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It encompasses an area of 186.80 ha (462 acres).

## Administration

The village is administrated by a sarpanch, an elected representative who leads a gram panchayat. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, the gram panchayat governed four villages and was based at Sangise.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 census, the village consisted of 30 households. The population of 148 was split between 81 males and 67 females.
# Swallow Lake (Matawin River)

Swallow Lake is a lake in the Unorganized Part of Thunder Bay District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is the source of the Matawin River. There are two unnamed inflows, at the southwest and east. The primary outflow, at the south, is the Matawin River, which flows via the Kaministiquia River to Lake Superior.
# WTRL

WTRL may refer to:
* WTRL-LP, a defunct low-power radio station (94.9 FM) formerly licensed to serve Vonore, Tennessee, United States
* Women's Tax Resistance League
# Leucoctenorrhoe

Leucoctenorrhoe is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae. Its only species, Leucoctenorrhoe quadrilinea, is found in Peru. Both the genus and species were described by Warren in 1904.
# Jamuawan railway station

vteGaya–Kiul line :
Legend :
Sources: Google maps; India Rail Info :
Jamuawan railway station is a railway station on Gaya–Kiul line of Delhi–Kolkata Main Line in East Central Railway zone under Danapur railway division of the Indian Railways. The railway station is situated at Jumuanwan in Gaya district in the Indian state of Bihar.
# Phalacrachena

Phalacrachena is a genus of Eurasian flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.

## Species

* Phalacrachena calva (Ledeb.) Iljin - Altay, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia
* Phalacrachena inuloides (Fisch.) Iljin - European Russia, Baltic States, Ukraine, Caucasus
# Hugo Hirst, 1st Baron Hirst

Hugo Hirst, 1st Baron Hirst (26 November 1863 – 22 January 1943), known as Sir Hugo Hirst, Bt, between 1925 and 1934, was a German-born British industrialist.
Born near Munich, Hugo Hirsch became a naturalized British subject in 1883 and changed his surname to Hirst.
He was co-founder with Gustav Binswanger of the General Electric Company plc, and in 1910 became its chairman.
He was created a baronet, of Witton in the County of Warwick, on 2 July 1925 and elevated to the peerage as Baron Hirst, of Witton in the County of Warwick, on 28 June 1934.
Hirst's eldest daughter Muriel married Leslie Gamage, the elder son of Arthur Walter Gamage, the founder of Gamages department store. Leslie joined GEC and became chairman and managing director after Hirst's death.
As both his son and his grandson died before Hirst, his baronetcy and peerage both became extinct on his death in 1943.
Coat of arms of Hugo Hirst, 1st Baron Hirst :
* CrestA stag's head Proper collared and charged on the neck with three crescents interlaced Or.
* EscutcheonOr on a mount between in chief two roses Gules barbed and seeded and in base upon a mount an oak tree Proper a thunderbolt also Proper.
* SupportersDexter a horse sinister each charged on the shoulder with a thunderbolt Proper.
* MottoA Wiee
# Passenger terminal

Passenger terminal may refer to:
* A train station terminus at the end of a railway line
* Airport terminal, a building at an airport where passengers board and disembark from aircraft
* A bus station
* Passenger terminal (maritime), a building in a port or on a dock where passengers board and disembark from passenger ships such as cruise ships and ferries
# Sedenia achroa

Sedenia achroa is a moth in the family Crambidae described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1902. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Western Australia.
The wingspan is about 22 mm. The forewings are greyish fuscous, strongly mixed with ochreous fuscous. There is a moderately thick obscure line from the costa to the inner margin and a line from costa to below the middle of the wing, which is then strongly curved inwards. There is an obscure fuscous subterminal line. The hindwings are light grey, somewhat fuscous tinged along the margins. There is a suffused fuscous line from the costa towards the inner margin and a similar line from the costa nearly to the anal angle, which is continued shortly above termen from there.
# Zhang Huaizhi

Zhang Huaizhi (traditional Chinese: 張懷芝; simplified Chinese: 张怀芝; pinyin: Zhāng Huáizhī; Wade–Giles: Chang Huai-chih) (1862 – 1934) was a brigade-general during the Boxer Rebellion; a warlord in the early Chinese Republic; Viceroy of Shandong. He was eliminated in the Second Zhili–Fengtian War.
# Phalacra nigrilineata

Phalacra nigrilineata is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Warren in 1922. It is found on Sumatra.
# Philip Meadows (died 1781)

Philip Meadows (1708-1781) was Deputy Ranger of Richmond Park (1761-1781).

## Family and early life

He was the third son of Sir Philip Meadowes and Dorothy, sister of Hugh Boscawen, 1st Viscount Falmouth. In 1734 he married Frances (born 1711), only daughter of William Pierrepoint, Earl of Kingston.
Meadow's uncle was Hugh Boscawen, 1st Viscount Falmouth and was thus the first cousin of the Hon. Edward Boscawen, Admiral of the Blue whose wife was Frances Boscawen. Their daughter was Elizabeth Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort.
Meadow's wife, Lady Frances Meadows, died in 1795, Philip having pre-deceased her.
Philip Meadows and Lady Frances Meadows had two sons:
* Charles Pierrepoint, 1st Earl Manvers
* Sir William Medows
# Philippe Pijollet

Philippe Pijollet (1940-November 17, 2006) was a French English professor who served as the Director of Adult Resources of the World Scout Bureau, and was also in charge of African issues.
In 2002, Pijollet was awarded the 293rd Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.
# Phidippus bidentatus

Phidippus bidentatus is a species of jumping spider. It is found in a range from the United States to Costa Rica.
# Philip A. Haile

Philip A. Haile is an economist and the Ford Foundation Professor of Economics at Yale University.

## Education

Haile received his undergraduate degree in economics from Duke University in 1988 and Ph.D. in economics from Northwestern University in 1996.

## Career

Haile began his academic career with a faculty position at the University of Wisconsin-Madison before taking up a faculty position at Yale University in 2003. He has also been visiting faculty member in the economics departments of University of Chicago and Stanford University. He is now the Ford Foundation Professor of Economics at Yale. He is best known for his work on auction markets and differentiated products markets, often focusing on questions of "identification", i.e., conditions under which model primitives can be uniquely determined from market observables.
In 2002, Haile and fellow economist Susan Athey developed approaches for identification of auction models when only the transaction price and number of bidders are observed. His research has been supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
From 2004 to 2010 he was the editor of the RAND Journal of Economics, and between 2005 and 2011 he was the Director of the Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics at Yale. As an associate editor he has also held positions at the Econometrica, the American Economic Journal of Microeconomics, and the Econometrics Journal. He is a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, a Fellow of the Econometric Society, an International Fellow with the Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice at University College-London, and a Senior Consultant at Compass Lexecon. In 2019 he became an elected Fellow of the International Association for Applied Econometrics.
# Philippine Rowing Association

The Philippine Rowing Association is the national governing body for rowing in the Philippines. It is accredited by the Fédération Internationale des Sociétés d'Aviron (FISA) or International Rowing Federation which is the governing body for the sport of rowing in the world.
# Philip Carr (linguist)

Philip Carr (25 September 1953 – 30 March 2020) was a British linguist and Emeritus Professor in the English Department of the University of Montpellier. He is best known for his works on phonology and philosophy of linguistics. His book Phonology is a coursebook taught across the world in phonology courses. He was the father of three children and enjoyed raising his son and daughter in the sunny South of France.

## Books

* Phonology, Palgrave Macmillan 1993 (1st ed.), 2013 (2nd ed.)
* A Glossary of Phonology, Edinburgh University Press 2008
* Linguistic realities: an autonomist metatheory for the generative enterprise, Cambridge University Press 1990
* English Phonetics and Phonology: An Introduction, 2nd edition 2013
* Headhood, Elements, Specification and Contrastivity: Phonological papers in honour of John Anderson (ed.)
* Phonological Knowledge: Conceptual and Empirical Issues, with Noel Burton-Roberts and Gerard Docherty (eds.), Oxford University Press 2000
# Philippe Alexandre Jules Künckel d'Herculais

Philippe Alexandre Jules Künckel d'Herculais (10 February 1843 Paris – 22 December 1918 Conflans-sur-Oise) was a French entomologist and zoologist.
He was the nephew of the French chemist Théophile-Jules Pelouze (1807–1867) and the son of a doctor. He lost his father when he was two years old. After his baccalauré in 1860, he entered École des mines in 1861. He preferred, in 1864, to follow less theoretical courses at Collège de France, at Muséum national d'histoire naturelle and at the Sorbonne.
He then met Émile Blanchard (1819–1900) becoming his pupil and private secretary. In 1866, he published his first mémoire which was on the anatomy of Hemiptera. In 1869, he entered the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle where he aided Émile Blanchard. He replaced Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835–1900) who became assistant to his father Henri Milne-Edwards (1800–1885). He became one of the first teachers at the l'Institut national d'agronomie founded in 1876 leaving to study grasshoppers in Argentina for several years around 1885. He also studied crop pests in Algeria and Corsica.
In 1884, he described a species of gibbon, the Eastern black crested gibbon, which, as of 2022, is critically endangered.
In 1891 it was widely, but erroneously, reported that Künckel d'Herculais had been killed and eaten by a swarm of locusts in Algeria.
He was elected president of the Société entomologique de France in the years 1908 and 1909.
# Philippe Caffieri (1634–1716)

Filippo Caffieri (1634–1716), known as Philippe Caffieri, was an Italian decorative sculptor, active mainly in France.
He was born in Rome to an aristocratic family originally from Naples. After briefly serving Pope Alexander VII, was brought to France by Cardinal Mazarin and entered the service of Louis XIV in 1660. He installed him in the same building as the Gobelins Manufactory, engaged in decorative, design, and engineering work for the French crown. He married the sister of the king's painter, Charles Le Brun. He was the first in a family of sculptors, his sons and descendants would form the prolific Caffieri family of sculptors active mainly for the French court.

## Children

* François-Charles Philippe Caffieri (Francesco Carlo Caffieri) (1667–1721), eldest son, associated with his father's work and sculptor for ships
* Jacques, fifth son with disability

## Sources

* Boni, Filippo de' (1852). Biografia degli artisti ovvero dizionario della vita e delle opere dei pittori, degli scultori, degli intagliatori, dei tipografi e dei musici di ogni nazione che fiorirono da'tempi più remoti sino á nostri giorni. Seconda Edizione.. Venice; Googlebooks: Presso Andrea Santini e Figlio. p. 164.
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