OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jalpana

Jalapana is a large village and union council in the Sargodha District of Pakistani Punjab. Its original name (with diacritics) is Jalpāna.
The village gets its name from the Jalap tribe, who were said to be founders of the village. This was a very small settlement with uncultivated surroundings. In 1860s when India was under the British Raj, they started selling uncultivated lands of different areas of this region under they colonization policy, Khan Mohammed Sarfaraz Khan from Isakhel Niazi Pathan clan bought this land with his brothers with a total area of 200 squares (5000 acres) for the sum of Rs.18,000.
Khan began to encourage settlers from the local tribes. The village was now home to a number of Jat clans.
Then came the process of getting this area cultivated. For cultivation, water is necessary, and thus the first ever canal of Punjab was dug from river Jahlum to Jalpana by the Khan himself. The land on which a 20-mile-long (32 km) canal was dug was also bought by Khan from the local land owners. He dug out a canal on his personal expense to irrigate barren lands of not only this village but surrounding villages also. The farmers of these surrounding villages paid one-fourth of their agricultural produce to Khan M. Sarfaraz Khan in lieu of irrigation water used from this canal. This privately owned and managed irrigation system worked successfully for almost a century when Punjab government under CM Mumtaz Doultana nationalized all privately owned irrigation systems in Punjab in 1950s. Subsequently, the management of this canal was handed over to Irrigation department of Punjab by Shahnawaz Khan Niazi in 1970s.
Throughout the 1960s, the village was subject to a number of studies by the anthropologist Saghir Ahmad of Simon Fraser University, who studied the society and culture of Punjabi villages.
# Old Ezra 101

Old Ezra 101 is a brand of Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey owned and marketed by MGP Ingredients. Is bottled under the name Ezra Brooks Distilling. It is charcoal filtered and typically bottled at 50.5% abv (101 proof).
The Old Ezra brand is owned by Luxco of St. Louis (formerly the David Sherman Company), which formerly didn't own a distillery. Old Ezra is distilled, aged, and bottled in Kentucky by Heaven Hill Distilleries for Luxco. Luxco opened Lux Row Distillery, located in Bardstown Kentucky.

## Parent History

In 2006, the David Sherman Company re-branded itself to Luxco as a tribute to one of its co-founders, Paul Lux, and as a reflection of the current ownership of the company. As Luxco has grown it has remained family-owned.
The company was born of humble beginnings back in 1958 when Paul A. Lux and David Sherman Sr. established the David Sherman Corporation as a private label bottler to serve the needs of distributors, wholesalers and retailers in the mid-west around St. Louis, Chicago and Milwaukee. During that time, Old Ezra was an 11-year-aged, 101-Proof bourbon whiskey. Since that time, the company has grown into a major producer, bottler, importer and marketer with an impressive portfolio of over 50 wine and spirit brands. Some of the whiskey brands that Luxco produces include: Ezra Brooks Kentucky Bourbon Whiskey, Rebel Yell, Bourbon Supreme, Yellowstone, Rebel Reserve, Wallstreet Whiskey, D. Nicholson 1843, and Davies County.
In April 2021, MGP Ingredients completed its acquisition of Luxco.

## Bottle types

The label itself has previously been compared in its own print advertising to Jack Daniel's, which itself borrowed its shape from Evan Williams. The product was formerly distributed in elaborate decanter-like bottles. It used to be sold in bottles with a cork cap, but now has a plastic replic-cork (plastic cap with a cork plug). The nature of its aging and the time over which it is aged combine to give it a rich, dark brown color that is visible through the bottle.

## Varieties

Old Ezra Aged 7 Years (101 proof)
Ezra Brooks Black Label Kentucky Sour Mash (90 proof)
Ezra Brooks Blended Whiskey (80 proof)
Ezra Brooks Bourbon Creme (25 proof)
# The Highest Law (film)

The Highest Law is a 1921 American silent historical drama film directed by Ralph Ince and starring Ince, Robert Agnew and Margaret Seddon.

## Cast

* Ralph Ince as Abraham Lincoln
* Robert Agnew as Bobby Goodwin
* Margaret Seddon as Mrs. Goodwin
* Aleen Burr as The Girl
* Cecil Crawford as Tad
# Tiongo-Pani

Tiongo-Pani is a village in the Piéla Department of Gnagna Province in eastern Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 888.
# Lynda Scott

Lynda Marie Scott is a former New Zealand politician of the National Party.

## Early life

Scott trained as a nurse in Wellington and then became a doctor in Auckland. She worked as a geriatrician. For a time, she also served as a director of Blenheim radio company Marlborough Media, which owned Sounds FM and Easy FM.

## Member of Parliament

Scott was first elected to Parliament in the 1999 election, winning the South Island seat of Kaikoura. She replaced Doug Kidd, a long-serving National MP who had opted to become a list MP. In 2002, she became National's spokesperson for health. On 21 July 2004, however, she announced that she would retire from politics at the next election, returning to her "first love", medicine.
# Mats Willner

Mats Roland Willner (born 24 April 1968) is a Swedish journalist, author and Arsenal supporter. He currently works as sports editor at the Norrköpings Tidningar where he has been a long-standing sports journalist. He is famous for supporting Arsenal FC and visits about 8 games per year. He is co-founder and former chairman of Arsenal Sweden.
In April 2007 he gained popularity in his article series 'Willners Week', which includes his reviews of the Stadium's sausages.
# Theresa Viglione

Theresa Viglione was an Italian and South African woman famous for saving the lives of many Voortrekkers in 1838 when she warned a group of them of an impending attack initiated by Zulu king Dingane. She is immortalized on a frieze in a Voortrekker monument in Pretoria, South Africa

## Biography

Born to an Italian family originally from Piedmont, Theresa Viglione moved to South Africa with her family in the early 19th century. Her family is believed to have belonged to the Valdese congregation, a Protestant church in western Piedmont, whose members were forced to flee Piedmont—then part of the Kingdom of Sardinia —because of discrimination against Protestants by the local authorities.

## Background

On February 6, 1838, a group of Voortrekkers and their servants went to negotiate with the Zulu king Dingane. The party was led by Piet Retief, an Afrikaner leader. The king received Retief and his group at his cattle-kraal, and they began to discuss a treaty amending a previous treaty signed in January 1836. Initially he was obstructive about drawing up the treaty, but eventually he signed it. He invited the Voortrekkers to share some sourgbeer with him. The trekkers left their muskets outside, entered the kraal and sat at the King’s feet. While beer was served the surrounding warriors began to dance and shout. The King leapt to his feet and yelled ”buladani abatagati!” (“Kill the wizards!”). The Voortrekkers were taken to be executed. They were impaled and their bodies left on a hillside to be eaten by wild animals, as was Dingane's custom with his enemies. Piet Retief was the last to be killed. Dingane gave orders for the Voortrekker laagers to be attacked, which would have plunged the migrant movement into disarray.
The Zulus headed towards Natal to annihilate the rest of the Voortrekkers, who were encamped in the countryside watered by the rivers Bloukrans, Bushman and Mooi streams. Gerrit Maritz, the acting commander in Retief’s absence, was near Bushman's River. The Zulus, with a total strength of about three regiments, almost killed all of the Lieberberg, Prinsloo, Botha, and Bezuidenhouts laagers. A band of Italian traders were encamped not far from the laagers, where many women and children were killed. Theresa Viglione was one of them. When she saw what was happening, she jumped on a horse and rode off to Bushmans River to Maritz' camp and warned everyone there, allowing them to defend themselves.

## Sources

* References A Short History of South Africa, by John Selby, pages 91–96: Classic in Post-Colonial Worlds, by Lorna Hardwick and Carol Gillespie, page 153.
# Nucleic acid hybridization

In molecular biology, hybridization (or hybridisation) is a phenomenon in which single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules anneal to complementary DNA or RNA. Though a double-stranded DNA sequence is generally stable under physiological conditions, changing these conditions in the laboratory (generally by raising the surrounding temperature) will cause the molecules to separate into single strands. These strands are complementary to each other but may also be complementary to other sequences present in their surroundings. Lowering the surrounding temperature allows the single-stranded molecules to anneal or “hybridize” to each other.
DNA replication and transcription of DNA into RNA both rely upon nucleotide hybridization, as do molecular biology techniques including Southern blots and Northern blots, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and most approaches to DNA sequencing.

## Applications

Hybridization is a basic property of nucleotide sequences and is taken advantage of in numerous molecular biology techniques. Overall, genetic relatedness of two species can be determined by hybridizing segments of their DNA (DNA-DNA hybridization). Due to sequence similarity between closely related organisms, higher temperatures are required to melt such DNA hybrids when compared to more distantly related organisms. A variety of different methods use hybridization to pinpoint the origin of a DNA sample, including the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In another technique, short DNA sequences are hybridized to cellular mRNAs to identify expressed genes. Pharmaceutical drug companies are exploring the use of antisense RNA to bind to undesired mRNA, preventing the ribosome from translating the mRNA into protein.

### Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a laboratory method used to detect and locate a DNA sequence, often on a particular chromosome.
In the 1960s, researchers Joseph Gall and Mary Lou Pardue found that molecular hybridization could be used to identify the position of DNA sequences in situ (i.e., in their natural positions within a chromosome). In 1969, the two scientists published a paper demonstrating that radioactive copies of a ribosomal DNA sequence could be used to detect complementary DNA sequences in the nucleus of a frog egg. Since those original observations, many refinements have increased the versatility and sensitivity of the procedure to the extent that in situ hybridization is now considered an essential tool in cytogenetics.
# Étevaux

Étevaux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
# Sankt Martin

Sankt Martin may refer to the following places:
* Sankt Martin, Germany, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
* in Austria:
** Sankt Martin, Lower Austria, in Lower Austria
** Sankt Martin im Innkreis, in Upper Austria
** Sankt Martin im Mühlkreis, in Upper Austria
** Sankt Martin an der Raab, in Burgenland
** Markt Sankt Martin, in Burgenland
** Sankt Martin am Tennengebirge, in Salzburg
** Sankt Martin bei Lofer, in Salzburg
** Sankt Martin am Grimming, in Styria
** Sankt Martin am Wöllmißberg, in Styria
** Sankt Martin im Sulmtal, in Styria
* St. Martin, Graubünden, in Graubünden, Switzerland
* in Italy:
** St. Martin in Thurn, the German name for San Martin de Tor, South Tyrol
** St. Martin in Passeier, South Tyrol
* Sankt Martin, the German name for Târnăveni, Romania
* Turz-Sankt Martin, the former name of Martin, Slovakia
# Old Fairfax County Jail

The Old Fairfax County Jail was built in 1885, behind the Fairfax County Court House. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981, expanding the previously listed Fairfax County Court House. It is located in the City of Fairfax Historic District.

## Uses

The building operated as a jail for 68 years, until 1953 when jail facilities were added to the courthouse. Since 1956 it has been used for various county offices such as juvenile court, fine board, police dispatch, and recreation.

## Historic documents

The former jail was used for the County Clerk's Office c. 1974, during which time historically important documents were found in the building such as two volumes of early 19th-century registrations of free blacks, as well as the wills of George and Martha Washington.
While George Washington's will remained in the adjacent Fairfax Court House during the Civil War, Martha's did not. When Union troops from the Ohio Volunteer Infantry occupied the original building in 1862, Lt Col David Thompson picked up some papers in the building, and recognizing Martha Washington's will, kept it. His daughter sold the will after his death to J. P. Morgan. Between 1908 and 1913, the Fairfax County Court Clerk and the Commonwealth's Attorney attempted to have the will returned, but were unsuccessful. After Morgan's death, the Falls Church chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution took up the effort with a letter to Morgan's son, requesting the will. The issue finally rose to the level of the Virginia General Assembly, Governor, Attorney General, Supreme Court, and the U.S Supreme Court. It was returned to Fairfax in 1915, when J. P. Morgan, Jr. decided not to fight the Supreme Court case that had been brought by Virginia.
# Launay-Villiers

Launay-Villiers (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France.
# Rubicon (Tristania album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| Metal Storm | |
| Stormbringer | |
Rubicon is the sixth full-length album by the Norwegian band Tristania. It is the first Tristania album to feature Italian vocalist Mariangela Demurtas, who replaced former frontwoman Vibeke Stene.

## Overview

The album displays a different lineup from the previous album. It is the first Tristania album to feature Mariangela Demurtas on female vocals, Kjetil Nordhus on clean male vocals, Gyri Smørdal Losnegaard on guitars, Ole Vistnes on bass, and Tarald Lie Jr. on drums. It's also the first album with harsh vocals that are performed entirely by guitarist Anders Høyvik Hidle. Pete Johansen made a guest appearance on violin after a nearly ten-year absence. Singer Østen Bergøy appeared as a session member, after scaling back to part-time membership in the band due to family commitments.
The first video of the album was for the song "Year of the Rat," released on 12 August 2010.

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Belgian Albums Chart (Wallonia) | 74 |
| Swiss Albums Chart | 95 |

## Release history

| Country | Date |
| Spain | 25 August 2010 |
| Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Benelux, Italy, Sweden | 27 August 2010 |
| Rest of Europe | 30 August 2010 |
| US, Canada | 31 August 2010 |

## Personnel
### Tristania

* Mariangela Demurtas – Vocals
* Kjetil Nordhus – Vocals
* Anders Høyvik Hidle – Guitars & Harsh Vocals
* Ole Vistnes – Bass / Backing Vocals
* Gyri Smørdal Losnegaard – Guitars
* Einar Moen – Synths / Programming
* Tarald Lie Jr. – Drums

### Session members

* Østen Bergøy – clean vocals
* Pete Johansen – violin
* Sigmund Olgart Vegge – additional harsh vocals on "Vulture"

## Production

* Drums recorded in Tanken Studio, Oslo by Fredrik Wallumrød, January 2010
* Guitars, bass and violin recorded in K-Lab Studio, Stavanger by Anders Høyvik Hidle & Ole Vistnes, February 2010
* Vocals recorded in Amadeus Studio, Oslo by Sigmund Olgart Vegge & Waldemar Sorychta, February & March 2010
* Mixed by Waldemar Sorychta and Dennis Koehne in Flying Pigs Studio, April 2010
* Mastered by Svante Forsbäck @ Chartmakers (www.chartmakers.fi), May 2010
* Produced by Anders Høyvik Hidle & Ole Vistnes
* Co-produced by Waldemar Sorychta
* All songs arranged by Waldemar Sorychta and Tristania
* Published by Sony ATV Publishing © 2010
* Photos and front cover artwork by angst-im-wald (www.angst-im-wald.com)
* Booklet design by Tinko Georgiev
# Lycée Français de Tripoli

Lycée Français de Tripoli (LFT) is a French international school in Tripoli, Libya. It serves levels maternelle through lycée (senior high school/sixth form).
It closed during the 2012–2013 school year due to the Libyan Crisis, and has remained closed.
# Symbiosis in fiction

Symbiosis (mutualism) appears in fiction, especially science fiction, as a plot device. It is distinguished from parasitism in fiction, a similar theme, by the mutual benefit to the organisms involved, whereas the parasite inflicts harm on its host.

## Relationships

Relationships between species in early science fiction were often imaginatively parasitic, with the parasites draining the vital energy of their human hosts and taking over their minds, as in Arthur Conan Doyle's 1895 The Parasite.
After the Second World War, science fiction moved towards more mutualistic relationships, as in Ted White's 1970 By Furies Possessed; Brian Stableford argues that White was consciously opposing the xenophobia of Robert Heinlein's 1951 The Puppet Masters which involved a parasitic relationship close to demonic possession, with a more positive attitude towards aliens. Stableford notes, however, that Octavia Butler's 1984 Clay's Ark and other of her works such as Fledgling, and Dan Simmons's 1989 Hyperion take an ambivalent position, in which the aliens may confer powers such as Hyperion's ability to regenerate continually—but at a price, in its case an incremental loss of intelligence at each regeneration.
In Star Trek, the Trill were a race of humanoids who incorporated a long-living symbiont. One of them was a main character on the series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine.
In the series Stargate SG-1, both the principal villains, the Goa'uld and their benevolent versions, the Tok'ra were symbionts who grafted themselves into the human nervous system.
The Force in the Star Wars universe is described by the fictional seer Obi-Wan Kenobi as "an energy field created by all living things". In The Phantom Menace, Qui-Gon Jinn says microscopic lifeforms called midi-chlorians, inside all living cells, allow characters with enough of these symbionts in their cells to feel and use the Force.
In Douglas Adams's humorous 1978 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, the Babel fish lives in its human host's ear, feeding on the energy of its host's brain waves, in return translating any language to the host's benefit.
In the Ultraman series, the titular aliens take human bodies to rest in and hide among society, while the hosts gain inhuman levels of speed and strength.
# Matteo Adinolfi

Matteo Adinolfi (born 24 December 1963 in Latina, Lazio) is an Italian politician currently serving as a Member of the European Parliament for the Lega Nord.
# This Is My Drug Hell

This is My Drug Hell is the first studio album by British rock group My Drug Hell. The album was recorded in London's all analogue Toe Rag studios - later made famous by the White Stripes' No 1 album Elephant. After a series of setbacks including the loss of half the original mixes due to a faulty tape machine and the bankruptcy of their UK record label two weeks before its intended release date, This Is My Drug Hell was finally released in 1996 and went on to spend 3 months in the US college radio charts as well as making the national Specialty Show Top 10. The album yielded four UK singles - 2am, You Were Right, I Was Wrong, Maybe We Could Fly and Girl at the Bus Stop - the latter becoming Number 1 Most Requested on every US commercial station to playlist it including a record-breaking ten week run on WHTG in New Jersey and several UK Single of the Weeks including shows on XFM, GLR and Radio 1. The song also won a 'Best Video' vote on MTV's Alternative Nation and was used in a Miller Beer TV commercial as well as two feature films (Origin of the Species and Black Circle Boys.)

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Tim Briffa (except Teen Psycho Nightmare No 99 written with Paul Donnelly)

## Personnel

* Tim Briffa – Vocals, Guitar
* Paul Donnelly – Bass guitar
* Joe Bultitude – Drums
# İkipınar, Çubuk

İkipınar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çubuk, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 175 (2022).
# Sanders Corps of Cadets Center

The Sam Houston Sanders Corps of Cadets Center is a museum on the campus of Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas, dedicated to the school's Corps of Cadets.
Since its opening in 1992, the Center has become home to thousands of Aggie artifacts, the Metzger-Sanders gun collection, over 60 exhibits, and over 600 photographs.

## Exhibits

Among the exhibits are those honoring Texas A&M traditions such as the 12th Man, Silver Taps and Muster, as well as some of the Corps of Cadets' most cherished traditions: Aggie Band, Final Review, Fish Drill Team, Parson's Mounted Cavalry and Ross Volunteers.
The Center holds six of the seven Medals of Honor awarded to Texas A&M former students for actions during World War II.

### Hall of Honor

The Corps Center hosts the Corps of Cadets Hall of Honor, which was established in 1993 to recognize former Corps members who "exemplify the Aggie Spirit". As of 2018, it features 171 inductees whose portraits, biographies, and plaques are on display. Notable members include Colonel Robert "Danny" Barr, an Air Force One pilot for Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton.

## Corps Center Guard

The Corps Center Guard (CGG) is based at the center and is a historical unit that serves to preserve the history of the Corps. They give tours to visiting tourists on a daily basis. As a tribute to the past of A&M, members often wear old uniforms of the Corps.
# When It Was Done

When It Was Done is an album by Brazilian keyboardist Walter Wanderley featuring performances recorded in 1968 and released on the CTI label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Allmusic by Richard S. Ginell stated "The Wanderley sound is more carefully terraced than ever on this strikingly packaged album".

## Track listing

* "Open Your Arms (Let Me Walk Right In)" (Raymond B. Evans) – 2:39
* "Surfboard" (Antônio Carlos Jobim) – 2:35
* "Baiao Da Garoa" (Luiz Gonzaga) – 3:39
* "Reach Out for Me" (Burt Bacharach, Hal David) – 2:41
* "Ole, Ole, Ola" (Chico Buarque de Hollanda) – 2:30
* "Ponteio" (Edu Lobo, José Carlos Capinam) – 2:30
* "When It Was Done" (Jimmy Webb) – 2:24
* "On My Mind" (Eumir Deodato, Norman Gimbel) – 2:47
* "Just My Love and I" (Deodato, J. Spencer) – 2:21
* "Capoeira" (Deodato) – 4:22
* "Truth in Peace" (Durval Ferreira) – 2:34
   * Recorded at Van Gelder Studio in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey on December 11, 12 & 13, 1968

## Personnel

* Walter Wanderley – organ, electronic harpsichord
* Marvin Stamm, John Glasel – flugelhorn
* George Marge, Stan Webb – flute, piccolo
* Donald Ashworth, Hubert Laws – flute, piccolo, oboe, English horn
* José Marino – bass
* João Palma – drums
* Lu Lu Ferreira – percussion
* Lewis Eley, Harry Glickman, Gene Orloff, Raoul Poliakin, Max Pollikoff, Matthew Raimondi, Tosha Samaroff, Sylvan Shulman, Avram Weiss – violin
* Harold Coletta, Harold Furmansky – viola
* Charles McCracken, George Ricci – cello
* Gloria Agostini – harp
* Anamaria Valle, Marilyn Jackson, Linda November, Milton Nascimento – vocals
* Eumir Deodato – rhythm arrangements
* Don Sebesky – string arrangements