OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Swan 44 Frers

The Swan 44 Frers is a Finnish sailboat that was designed by Germán Frers, with styling by Andrew Winch, as a blue water cruiser and first built in 1988. The design was built in two versions.
The design was originally marketed by the manufacturer as the Swan 44, but is now usually referred to as the Swan 44 Frers to differentiate it from the unrelated 1972 Sparkman & Stephens Swan 44 design.

## Production

The design was built by Oy Nautor AB in Finland, from 1988 to 2002 in both versions, but it is now out of production.

## Design

The Swan 44 Frers is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of glassfibre, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, three sets of spreaders, steel rod rigging, a raked stem plumb stem, a reverse transom, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel with a weighted bulb or optional shoal-draft keel.
The design has sleeping accommodation for five people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin, an L-shaped settee and a straight settee in the main cabin, with a pilot berth to port and an aft cabin with a double berth on the port side. The galley is located on the port side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is L-shaped and is equipped with a three-burner stove, an ice box and a double sink. A navigation station is opposite the galley, on the starboard side. There are two heads, one in the bow cabin on the port side and one on the starboard side aft.

## Variants
### Mark I

    This model was produced from 1988 to 1994, with 19 built. It has a length overall of 44.00 ft (13.4 m), a waterline length of 34.58 ft (10.5 m), displaces 24,500 lb (11,113 kg) and carries 7,700 lb (3,493 kg) of lead ballast. The boat has a draft of 8.25 ft (2.51 m) with the standard keel and 6.89 ft (2.10 m) with the optional shoal draft keel. The boat is fitted with a British Perkins Engines diesel engine of 50 hp (37 kW). The fuel tank holds 70 U.S. gallons (260 L; 58 imp gal) and the fresh water tank has a capacity of 90 U.S. gallons (340 L; 75 imp gal). The design has a hull speed of 7.88 kn (14.59 km/h).

### Mark II

    This model was produced from 1996 to 2002, with 68 built. It has a length overall of 44.11 ft (13.4 m), a waterline length of 34.65 ft (10.6 m), displaces 24,300 lb (11,022 kg) and carries 8,400 lb (3,810 kg) of lead ballast. The boat has a draft of 7.15 ft (2.18 m) with the standard lead keel. The boat is fitted with a Swedish Volvo Penta MD22L diesel engine. The fuel tank holds 105 U.S. gallons (400 L; 87 imp gal) and the fresh water tank has a capacity of 100 U.S. gallons (380 L; 83 imp gal). The design has a hull speed of 7.89 kn (14.61 km/h) and a PHRF racing average handicap of 81.

## Operational history

In a 2001 design review for boats.com, Robert Perry wrote, "if life were fair, we would all sail Swans and drive Mercedes. I'm not too particular about which Swan; they are all kind of nice. The Frers-designed 44 would do. It is a big sister to the 36, with the new window treatment and emphasis on cruising comfort."
# Vaporizer

Vaporizer or vaporiser may refer to:
* Anesthetic vaporizer, a device used in the administration of anesthesia
* Electronic cigarette, or a part of one (often called a "PV" or "personal vaporizer")
* Humidifier, a household appliance that increases humidity
* Vaporizer (inhalation device), a device used to extract for inhalation the active ingredients of chemicals or plant materials
* Vaporizer (internal combustion engine), a device to enable an engine to run on tractor vaporizing oil
* Metal vapor synthesis, a technique that involves vaporizing metals
# Suzanne Kelly

Suzanne Kelly is a camogie player, winner of two All-Star awards in 2004 and 2006 and five All Ireland medals in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2004. She was nominated for further All Star awards in 2005 and 2007.

## School

She won an All-Ireland schools' medal in 1994 with St Mary's, Nenagh alongside fellow All Star winner Ciara Gaynor.

## Career

She played in eight successive All Ireland finals for Tipperary winning five All Ireland medals in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 2004. 2005 and 2006. She won an All Ireland Intermediate medal with Tipperary in 1997.
# Rich Bernward Gospels

The Rich Bernward Gospels (German: Kostbares Bernwardevangeliar) are a richly decorated evangeliary in the Hildesheim Cathedral Museum. It was a donation of Bernward, Bishop of Hildesheim, to his foundation St. Michael's, specifically for the altar to Mary in the crypt below the west choir, which was consecrated in 1015 and which he had designated as his tomb.

## Contents and decoration

The gospels consist of 232 parchment leaves of 28 x 20 cm and a cover made from two oak blocks, which is decorated with images, silver mountings and gems. It contains the Vulgate text of the four gospels with various prefaces and a pericope.
The gospels particularly deserve the sobriquet "Rich" (kostbar) on account of their binding, which was already intricate when Bernward had it produced and received further decoration at the time of his canonisation in the twelfth century. In the centre of the front cover there is a Byzantine ivory icon with a relief depicting Christ between Mary and John the Baptist, who are interceding on behalf of the souls of the world (see deesis). The humble prayers around this image mention Bernward by name, as do those on the back cover, which depicts Mary holding the baby Jesus.
Among the illumination inside the book, the two-page dedication image stands out. Within an architectural space with many arches there is an altar decked out for the eucharist at left. Bernward stands next to it in his liturgical vestments, offering the gospels to the Mother of God. She sits at the right hand side, facing the viewer, and is being crowned as Nikopoia by angels, while she holds her son, depicted as a small adult, in her lap. The caption describes the actions with pious and humble words and mentions Bernward by name.
Each gospel contains three or four illuminated images. The last of these in each gospel shows the symbol of the evangelist, while the others dwell on the themes of the salvation history which were assigned to the evangelists by church scholars (Gregory the Great, Alcuin etc.): the incarnation (Matthew), resurrection (Mark), death as redeeming sacrifice (Luke) and ascension (John). In addition, the initials are richly decorated.
# Javorek

Javorek may refer to:

## Places

* Javorek, Czech Republic, a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
* Javorek, a village and part of Jilemnice in the Liberec Region, Czech Republic
* Javorek, Croatia, a village in Samobor

## People

* Javorek (surname)
# Mulciber plagiatus

Mulciber plagiatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1916.
# Opus gallicum

The opus gallicum (Latin for "Gallic work") was a technique of construction whereby precise holes were created in stone masonry for the insertion of wooden beams to create a wooden infrastructure. The technique was so named because, though its presence is attested in protohistoric times, its use was common enough in Gaul to merit mention in Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico and was frequently employed in the Merovingian era. The technique was imported by the Normans into the Molise, where it was used extensively in the raising of castles in a short time. Gaulish masons are even known to have brought the technique from Merovingian Francia to Anglo-Saxon England during the 7th and 8th centuries and employed it in church architecture.
The opus gallicum served not only as an infrastructural base, but also a superstructural binding element designed to strengthen the masonry. While the arrangement of some of the holes found in preserved structures is often perplexing, leaving doubt as to the exact function of the beams, modern scholarship has largely moved away from the theory that the opus gallicum was a rare and inefficient method. Overall the technique was not uncommon in the Middle Ages.

## Sources

* European Commission: Raphaël Programme. The Normans, a European people: The Norman heritage, 10th – 12th century. Architectural Heritage: Italy — the Molise §8 Fortifications and castles: Fortifications — The opus gallicum in the fortifications. 2004. Contains photographs of Molisian examples.
* Gravett, Christopher, and Nicolle, David. The Normans: Warrior Knights and their Castles. Osprey Publishing: Oxford, 2006.
* Gilbert, Edward. "Brixworth and the English Basilica." The Art Bulletin, Vol. 47, No. 1. (Mar., 1965), pp 1–20.
* This architecture-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Realm

A realm is a community or territory over which a sovereign rules. The term is commonly used to describe a monarchical or dynastic state. A realm may also be a subdivision within an empire, if it has its own monarch, e.g. the German Empire.

## Etymology

The Old French word reaume, modern French royaume, was the word first adopted in English; the fixed modern spelling does not appear until the beginning of the 17th century. The word supposedly derives from medieval Latin regalimen, from regalis, of or belonging to a rex 'king'. The word rex itself is derived from the Latin verb regere, which means 'to rule'. Thus the literal meaning of the word realm is 'the territory of a ruler', traditionally a monarch (emperor, king, grand duke, prince, etc.).

## Usage

"Realm" is particularly used for those states whose name includes the word kingdom (for example, the United Kingdom), as elegant variation, to avoid clumsy repetition of the word in a sentence (for example, "The King's realm, the United Kingdom..."). It is also useful to describe those countries whose monarchs are called something other than "king" or "queen"; for example, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a realm but not a kingdom, since its monarch holds the title Grand Duke rather than King.
The term may commonly be used to describe any of the "Commonwealth realms", which are kingdoms in their own right and share the same person as monarch, though they are fully independent of each other.
More broadly, a "realm" may encompass territories that are subject to a monarch, yet are not a physical part of his or her "kingdom"; for example, the Cook Islands and Niue are considered parts of the Realm of New Zealand, although they are not part of New Zealand proper.
Realm may also be used metaphorically to refer to an area of knowledge, expertise or habitat within which an individual or denizen is pre-eminent or dominant, e.g., "Shakespeare's realm was English drama," or "A lion's realm is the jungle".
# Ticlatone

Ticlatone (trade name Landromil) is an antifungal.
# Lifuta

Lifuta Town (simplified Chinese: 利福塔镇; traditional Chinese: 利福塔鎮; pinyin: Lifuta Zhen) is an urban town in Sangzhi County, Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, China. Jiutian Cave, the largest cave found in China, is located in Lifuta.

## Administrative division

The town is divided into 22 villages and 1 community, the following areas: Lifuta Community, Chixi Village, Qinglong Village, Chenjiawan Village, Huangjiayuan Village, Yejiafang Village, Yangxiping Village, Maoshuixi Village, Sanchaxi Village, Jinjiatai Village, Songjiatai Village, Guanzhuang Village, Yanban Village, Shujiaping Village, Sanchawan Village, Liushupo Village, Liangjiaping Village, Baishexi Village, Guojiatai Village, Shui'erchang Village, Kuzhuhe Village, Shuidong Village, and Mianhuaya Village (利福塔社区、赤溪村、青龙村、陈家湾村、黄家院村、叶家方村、杨溪坪村、冒水溪村、三岔溪村、金家台村、宋家台村、官庄村、岩板村、舒家坪村、三岔弯村、柳树坡村、梁家坪村、白蛇溪村、郭家台村、水儿场村、苦竹河村、水洞村、棉花亚村).
# Vincent Essone Mengue

Vincent Essone Mengue (born 4 January 1946) is a Gabonese politician. He served in the government of Gabon as Minister of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, the Social Economy, and the Fight Against Poverty from 2007 to 2009.
Born in Oyem, Essone Mengue was in charge of studies at the Commissariat of Planning and Development from 1978 to 1980. Subsequently, he was Adviser to the Minister of Agriculture, Water, and Forests from 1980 to 1983, Director-General of the Ministry of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises from 1983 to 1990, and Director-General of the National Agency for the Promotion of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise from 1990 to 1991. He became Administrator of the People's Bank in 1993.
As a member of the National Rally of Woodcutters - Rally for Gabon (RNB-RPG), Essone Mengue became Mayor of Oyem in 1996. After 11 years in that position, he was appointed to the government as Minister of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Social Economy, and the Fight Against Poverty on 28 December 2007.
Following the death of President Omar Bongo on 8 June 2009, Essone Mengue was dismissed from the government on 22 July 2009; this was thought to be related to his apparent support for Casimir Oyé Mba's independent candidacy in the 30 August 2009 presidential election. He was no longer a member of the RPG by that point.
# Leinburg

Leinburg is a municipality in the district of Nürnberger Land in Bavaria in Germany.
# William Stratton (British Army officer)

Lieutenant General Sir William Henry Stratton KCB, CVO, CBE, DSO (15 October 1903 – 25 November 1989) was a senior British Army officer who was Commander of British Forces in Hong Kong from 1955 to 1957.

## Military career

Stratton was born on 15 October 1903 in British India but later went to England and, after graduating from the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Engineers on 30 January 1924. He was deployed to the Gold Coast before becoming Assistant Instructor at the Royal School of Military Engineering in 1933.
He served in the Second World War as a brigadier on the General Staff of General Headquarters Home Forces and then of the General Staff of the 8th Army in Italy. In 1944 he was appointed Commander of 169th Infantry Brigade.
After the war he was appointed Chief of Staff at British Army of the Rhine, a post he held until 1949 when he became Commandant of the Joint Services Staff College. In 1952 he became Head of the British Army Staff in Washington, D.C. He went on to be General Officer Commanding 42nd (Lancashire) Division in 1953 and Commander of British Forces in Hong Kong in 1955. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1957 New Year Honours. His last post was Vice Chief of the Imperial General Staff in 1957; he retired in 1960.
He was also Colonel Commandant of the Royal Engineers from 1960 to 1968.
# William Wogan (religious writer)

William Wogan (1678 – 24 January 1758) was an Irish religious writer, close to a number of leading evangelicals of his time, and sympathetic with early Methodism.

## Life

Possibly born in Ireland, he was the son of Ethelred Wogan, the rector of Gumfreston in Pembrokeshire, Wales and vicar of Penally. He was educated at Swansea Grammar School, Westminster School from 1694 (where he became school captain), and Trinity College, Cambridge which he entered in 1700. Without graduating, he became tutor in the family of Sir Robert Southwell; who died in 1702, leaving the family headed by Edward Southwell his son, who was Secretary of State for Ireland from 27 June 1702.
In 1710 Wogan went to Ireland, as clerk to Edward Southwell who was acting as secretary to James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. In 1712 he joined the British Army as a lieutenant, where he became a paymaster stationed in Dublin.
From about 1727, Wogan lived at Ealing in Middlesex, but died at his daughter's house at Stonham Aspal, and was buried at Ealing on 29 January.
Wogan was known for his piety, and was on intimate terms with many of the evangelical leaders of the time such as George Whitefield and John Wesley. Hiscorrespondence with Sir Robert Southwell was purchased by the British Museum, in 1908, as part of the dispersal of the manuscript collection of Sir Thomas Phillipps.

## Works

In retirement at Ealing, Wogan wrote religious books, including his major work Essay on the Proper Lessons of the Church of England. It was first published anonymously in 1753 (London, 4 vols.); the second edition of 1764, published after his death, had his name attached. It was also published in Dublin in 1768, and an edition described as the third was brought out in 1818 (London), with a memoir of the author by James Gatliff. At least four other editions were subsequently published. He wrote also:
* A Penitential Office, London, 1721.
* The Right Use of Lent, or Help to Penitents, London, 1732.
* Character of the Times delineated, London, 1735,
* Scripture Doctrine of Predestination, Election, and Reprobation; new ed. Carmarthen 1824; in Welsh 1808 and 1810.

## Family

In 1718 Wogan married Catherine Stanhope (a friend and protegee of Lady Elizabeth Hastings), and by her (who died on 19 June 1726) he had an only daughter Catherine, who was married to Robert Baynes, rector of Stonham Aspal, Suffolk. After her mother died when she was only 7, daughter Catherine was cared for by Lady Elizabeth Hastings at Ledston.
# The Petre Pictures

The Petre Family pictures were a collection of portraits and other paintings housed at Ingatestone Hall and Thorndon Hall. The pictures were initially displayed in the long gallery at Ingatestone Hall. By 1600 the displayed paintings included a portrait of William Petre which remains at Ingatestone Hall. At that time it was the only family portrait on display.
By the end of the 18th century, the collection was housed at Thorndon Hall - the Petre's newly built Palladian mansion. The collection included two works by Stubbs showing members of the Petre family hunting.
In 1878, Thorndon Hall was extensively damaged by a fire which destroyed 23 pictures. Lost works included the Petre's large collection of royal portraits and a possible full-length portrait of the Earl of Portland by van Dyck. Many works were damaged, requiring them to have significant repainting. Following the fire, the family (and its picture collection) occupied the East Wing, but later moved to Ingatestone Hall. Among the paintings in the collection at the time of the fire was a version of the family of Sir Thomas More after Holbein that is now owned by the Chelsea Society.
The collection remains on display at Ingatestone Hall and includes a portrait of Sir William Petre and of 15 of his descendants who bore the title Baron Petre. The exceptions are the 5th, 8th, and 15th Barons.
In 1956, Sir David Piper prepared a descriptive catalogue of the family portraits in the collection for the Essex Record Office.
# Willows Hotel

The Willows Hotel at 112 S. Broadway in Linton, North Dakota, United States, was built in 1922. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Also known as the Hogue Building, it is in Early Commercial architecture style.
According to its NRHP nomination, "Willows Hotel is an early North Dakota example of a commercial structure that was the product of international experimentation, using the reinforced concrete method of construction." It was the city of Linton's first fireproof commercial building.
# William Norton, 2nd Baron Grantley

William Norton, 2nd Baron Grantley (19 February 1742 – 12 November 1822) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1789 when he succeeded to the peerage as Baron Grantley.
Norton was the son of Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, who was created a peer on 9 April 1782, from which time William Norton was styled 'the Honourable'. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge.
Norton was Member of Parliament for Richmond 1768–1774, for Wigtown Burghs 1774–1775 (unseated on petition), Richmond 1775–1780, Guildford 1782–1784 and Surrey 1784–1789. He became the 2nd Lord Grantley on 1 January 1789.
He was the third Englishman to be elected and the second to actually sit in Parliament, for the Scottish constituency of Wigtown Burghs.

## Arms

Coat of arms of William Norton, 2nd Baron Grantley :
* CrestA Moor's Head affrontée couped at the shoulders wreathed round the temples with Laurel proper and around the neck a Torse Argent and Azure
* EscutcheonAzure a Maunch Ermine surmounted by a Bend Gules
* SupportersDexter: a Lion; Sinister: a Griffin, both Argent and ducally gorged Or and pendent from the coronets by a Ribbon Gules a Shield of the Arms of Norton
* MottoAvi Numerantur Avorum (I follow a long line of ancestry)
# William Norwich

William Norwich is an American writer and author. He is a former editor at Vogue and the former New York Post society gossip columnist. He is the editor for fashion and interior design at Phaidon Press.
His novel My Mrs. Brown was inspired by the 1958 Paul Gallico novel Mrs. 'Arris Goes to Paris.

## Books

* My Mrs. Brown (Simon & Schuster, 2016)
* Learning to Drive (Atlantic Monthly Press, 1996)
* Molly and the Magic Dress (Doubleday, 2001)
# William Norton (disambiguation)

Will or William Norton may refer to:

## Literary figures

* William A. Norton (1810–1883), American engineer, educator and author
* William Warder Norton (1891–1945), American book publisher and founder of W. W. Norton
* William W. Norton (1925–2010), American Hollywood screenwriter

## Political figures

* William Norton (MP for Middlesex), English MP for Middlesex in 1391 and
* William Norton (MP for City of London)
* William Norton, 2nd Baron Grantley (1742–1822), British MP
* William Norton (1900–1963), Irish Labour Party leader from 1932 through 1960
* William Harrison Norton, American state senator from Missouri during 1950s

## Sports figures

* William Norton (cricketer) (1820–1873), English cricketer for Kent
* William Norton (rugby union) (1862–1898), Wales international three-quarter
* William G. Norton (before 1870–1895), American football coach
* William South Norton (1831–1916), English cricketer for Kent
* Will Norton, English rugby player on List of 2020–21 RFU Championship transfers

## Other

* William R. Norton (1853–1938), American architect and founder of Sunnyslope, Arizona
# Lektz

Lektz is an eBook business platform developed by AEL Data, operating in the UK and India. The platform has DRM, ebook reader applications, virtual book store, ebook conversion, elending and consumer analytics for small, medium-sized publishers and independent authors.
The Lektz platform was presented as an ebook ecosystem at the London Book Fair 2013.

## Use

On Lektz SaaS, publishers sign up and create their own branded ebook stores, upload PDF and EPUB ebooks to it, encrypt them using Lektz DRM, configure their own payment gateway and start selling their ebooks on the Lektz platform.

## DRM

Lektz DRM is a proprietary eBook DRM technology of AEL Data. Lektz DRM secures eBooks from being copied and transmitted without appropriate rights and permissions. When publishers upload their eBooks in the Lektz platform, they can choose to enable DRM security for their eBooks which is decrypted when synced with the Lektz reader.
There are three levels of protection:
* eBook encryption
* eBook accessing device control
* User account credentials verification
The Lektz DRM mechanism is designed as a closed system and is implemented by protecting the eBooks with the system software, which also acts as an eBook reader (Lektz reader). To secure the eBooks, all the eBooks that are sold via the publisher's website are embedded with a security mechanism, and will only be permitted to open using Lektz e-reader software. Lektz DRM can be integrated with publishers existing websites or portals to secure their eBooks from piracy and to provide a secured platform to sell and distribute their books online.

## Ebook reader

Lektz eBook Reader is a reader application for Android, iOS devices, and PC reader (web-based/Google Chrome Extension). It supports PDF, EPUB2, and EPUB3 ebook formats. It was launched by AEL Data Services in May 2012.
Dyslektz eBook reader was launched during the first week of June 2013 on Google Play and the Apple App Store. This reader is intended to enable users with dyslexia to read ebooks on their smartphones and tablets. Any ebook imported into the Dyslektz Reader is converted into OpenDyslexic font which makes digital content more accessible to dyslexics.