OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marcus Younker

Marcus Younker (August 7, 1839 – June 16, 1926) was a Polish-born American retail executive who co-founded the Younker Brothers department store.

## Biography

Younker was born to a Jewish family in Lipno, Poland, one of six sons of Jennie and Isaac Younker. He was raised in Orthodox Judaism and received a traditional Jewish education. As economic opportunities for Jews was limited in Poland, he immigrated to the United States as a teenager. He first traveled to New York City with his brother Samuel where they failed at several business ventures before moving to Keokuk, Iowa where their brother Lipman had settled. At the time Keokuk had the largest Jewish population in Iowa and was well situated as terminal for steamboat traffic thanks to its location at the confluence of the Mississippi River and the Des Moines River. In 1856, Marcus, Lipman (1834 – May 22, 1903) and Samuel (November 7, 1837 – May 21, 1879) opened a dry goods and clothing store on the town's Main Street while supplementing their income with peddling wagons that sold to rural customers in nearby Lee County and Des Moines County. In 1866, the importance of Keokuk was diminished with the opening of the Des Moines Valley Railroad which linked Keokuk to Des Moines. Forecasting that additional rail lines would further reduce the strategic importance of Keokuk, in 1874, they sent their half-brother, Herman Younker, to Des Moines to open a dry goods and clothing store in the city's Walnut Street business district. In 1879, his brother Samuel died and soon after, they closed the Keokuk store. Lipman moved to New York City where he continued on as a buyer and Marcus took control of the now Younker Brothers Department Store in Des Moines and led its transformation from a dry goods store to a general department store. In 1881, believing that women would prefer to be waited on by women, he hired female salespersons, which was unique at the time. Marcus then sent his half-brother, Herman Younker to New York City to keep abreast of the latest fashion trends and in 1904, the company incorporated which enabled it to raise capital and purchase its local competitors: the Grand Department Store (1912), the Wilkins Department Stores (1923), Harris-Emery (1927), and J. Mandelbaum and Sons (1928). Younkers was known for catering to a wide variety of income levels with a "bargain-basement" for low income customers seeking value and a tearoom for more discriminating customers. By 1910, they had over 500 employees.
Later renamed Younkers, the firm would expand to seven Midwestern states.

## Personal life

Marcus married his first cousin, Anna Berkson, who had originally settled in New Orleans. His brothers married sisters: Lipman married Gertrude Cohen; and Samuel married Ernestina "Tina" Cohen, both daughters of New York City rabbi, Falk Cohen. As devout Jews, their store was closed on the Jewish Sabbath and Marcus was active in the local B'nai B'rith and was instrumental in establishing the city's first synagogue where he would later serve as president of the B'nai Jeshurun congregation. Marcus Younker died in 1926 at the Commodore Hotel in Des Moines.
# Mo-Chel

Mo-Chel was the first Halach Uinik of the Kuchkabal Ah Kin Chel. He started the rule of the Chel family and the political state ruled by them. He was originally a nobleman, the son in law of one of the principal priests at Mayapan. Another priest Ah Xupan Nauat married his daughter Namox Chel to Mo. He is said to have foreseen the destruction of the League of Mayapan, and he fled with some followers to Tecoh near Izamal, where he established an independent state. He named the nation Ah Kin (high priest, literally means is from the sun) Chel (from his last name, a way of naming used by many Kuchkabal).
He may have founded his capital in Tecoh because of a pilgrimage he had once made to the coast in that area. He also believed that he could recruit followers there more easily.
# Palace of the Popes

Palace of the Popes may refer to:
* Apostolic Palace, Vatican City State – the pope's residence since the return from Avignon in 1377
* Domus Sanctae Marthae, Vatican City – also known as Saint Martha's House, the Vatican hotel where Pope Francis resides
* Lateran Palace, Rome, Italy – used from the 4th century until 1309
* Palais des Papes, Avignon, France – used from 1309 to 1377
* Palazzo dei Papi, Orvieto, Italy – used from 1262 to 1297
* Palace of the Popes in Viterbo, Italy – used from 1257 to 1281
* Palace of the Popes in Anagni, Italy – used from 1227 to 1241, 1296 to 1303
* Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo, Castel Gandolfo, Lazio, Italy – the pope's summer residence prior to 2016, temporary residence of Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI
* Quirinal Palace, Rome, Italy – used from 1589 to 1870
# Metal.de

Metal.de is a German-language online magazine launched in 1996. The magazine focuses on the subgenres of heavy metal and hard rock, but also reports on similar styles. Metal.de foundation in 1996 makes it one of the longest-running heavy metal websites from Germany. It is based in Stuttgart.
Metal.de is a subsidiary of Versus Media UG based in Kämpfelbach. Today, it is associated with Hi-Media S.A., a company that works with Rolling Stone, Metal Hammer, Michelin, among other brands in Germany. Its publishers are Norman Sickinger, Markus Endres and Marc Furrer. Since September 2017, Jan Wischkowski and Alex Klug are co-editors in chief.
With more than 400,000 page views per month with 147,000 visitors, Metal.de is the widest-reaching metal online magazine in the German-speaking world.

## History

Metal.de was first launched on 1 October 1996 under the name The Dark Site online. The first editor-in-chief Truhe programmed the site himself and built up the content with friends. As early as 1997, the team added small audio clips in real audio format to the CD reviews. In 1998, the first major update followed, as well as its own small search engine, the first German metal mailing list and a newsletter. Since 1999 there have been cooperations with advertising partners and event organizers, as well as another update. This year also renamed Metal.de. In 2004, a new forum was activated and the layout and logo were also revised.
On 27 October 2006, Metal.de celebrated its 10th anniversary with a show that featured Disillusion, Equilibrium, Neaera, Criminal and Undertow at LKA Longhorn, Stuttgart. For the event, the online magazine Vampster created a contest with three double tickets as prizes.
In March 2011, the technology and design of the site changed once more. Single genre portals were Introduced, which allowed to filter of the content by individual metal genres.
Along with record label Nuclear Blast, Metal.de has co-presented several German tours, including those by Behemoth and Cannibal Corpse, Vader, Hate Eternal and Threat Signal, and Suffocation and Fleshgod Apocalypse.
In addition to its online services, Metal.de has its own stand at festivals. For example, it has organised autograph sessions at Summer Breeze Open Air for many years.
# Sidney Newey

Sidney Newey (5 March 1899 - 9 July 1966) was a British athlete who competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Paradise Square (disambiguation)

Paradise Square is a Georgian square in the City of Sheffield. It may also refer to:
* Firdos Square in Baghdad
* Paradise Square in Five Points, Manhattan
* Paradise Square (musical), a stage musical
# Jim Margolis (producer)

Jim Margolis is an American producer, writer, and director. He is best known for his work on The Daily Show and Veep. He is the showrunner and an executive producer of Patriot Act with Hasan Minhaj on Netflix.

## Early life

Margolis attended Wesleyan University in Connecticut until 1993.

## Career

Margolis worked at The Daily Show from 2001 to 2012. He was hired first as a Field Producer and became Co-Executive Producer, going on to win 6 Emmy's. Margolis has also worked on Newsreaders on Adult Swim as Showrunner, writer, director, Blunt Talk on Starz as a writer, and Veep as a writer and Co-Executive Producer, where he won an Emmy and Writer's Guild Award.
Prior to his career as a comedy writer, Margolis worked for PBS Frontline where he won a new Emmy and as an associate producer at CBS News "60 Minutes".

## Personal life

Margolis was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He is married to novelist Leslie Margolis, has two children and lives in Los Angeles. (Lucy is the favorite and most athletic of Jim’s two children, but Leslie's least favorite).
# Trichopalpus fraternus

Trichopalpus fraternus is a species of fly in the family Scathophagidae. It is found in the Palearctic .
# Temporary variable

In computer programming, a temporary variable is a variable with short lifetime, usually to hold data that will soon be discarded, or before it can be placed at a more permanent memory location. Because it is short-lived, it is usually declared as a local variable, i.e., a variable with local scope. There is no formal definition of what makes a variable temporary, but it is an often-used term in programming.
A typical example would be that of swapping the contents of two variables. Temporary variables, along with XOR swaps and arithmetic operators, are one of three main ways to exchange the contents of two variables. To swap the contents of variables "a" and "b" one would typically use a temporary variable temp as follows, so as to preserve the data from a as it is being overwritten by b:
Temporary variables are usually named with identifiers that abbreviate the word temporary, such as temp, tmp or simply t, or with common metasyntactic variable names, the most common of which are foo, bar, baz (see also foobar).
Computer hardware is designed to exploit the behaviour of temporary data: a cache or register file may contain temporaries internally to a microprocessor, such that they never need to be committed to main memory (hence consuming no external memory bandwidth).
# The Stolen Heiress

The Stolen Heiress or, The Salamanca Doctor Outplotted is a 1702 comedy play by the English writer Susanna Centlivre.
The original Lincoln's Inn cast included John Bowman as Governour, Thomas Griffith as Count Pirro, John Freeman as Gravello, William Fieldhouse as Larich, George Powell as Palante, Barton Booth as Eugenio, George Pack as Francisco, Thomas Dogget as Sancho, George Bright as Rosco and Elizabeth Barry as Lucasia.
# Marco Pilato

Marco Pilato (born 14 April 1973 in Italy) is an Italian retired footballer.

## Career

At the age of 18, Pilato debuted for Bologna in the Serie A, where he was a reference point for future international goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon. However, he retired from professional football at age 21 because he felt that "there was no respect, only money dominated, while application and the desire to learn were not considered". After that, Pilato played in the Bologna amateur leagues, operating as a defender, midfielder, or forward.
# Mocirla River

Mocirla River may refer to the following rivers in Romania:
* Mocirla, a tributary of the Pârâul Beldii in Covasna County
* Mocirla, a tributary of the Beliu in Arad County
# Paltin (disambiguation)

Paltin may refer to:
* Paltin, a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania
* Paltin River
* Paltin, a village in Şinca Nouă Commune, Braşov County, Romania
* Paltin, a village in Boiţa Commune Sibiu County, Romania
* Paltin, a village in Brodina Commune Suceava County, Romania
# Mercedes Agulló

Mercedes Agulló y Cobo CBE (born in Madrid on 23 October 1925; died in El Puerto de Santa María on 4 January 2019) was a Spanish historian known for her research on Lazarillo de Tormes and Don Quixote made public in 2010.
Her work in the field of the historiography of books, painting, sculpture and theatre stands out, which led to the creation of the Mercedes Agulló and Cobo Digital Library at the University of Massachusetts (Boston), where all her publications are collected and her latest works are presented. Her research work in national and parish archives is also important, and she is considered an outstanding palaeographer, which is reflected in her large number of documentary works, always based on her transcriptions.
In March 2010, Mercedes Agulló in her book "A vueltas con el autor del Lazarillo" published an investigation in which, based on the discovery in some papers by Diego Hurtado de Mendoza with the phrase "a file of corrections made for the printing of Lazarillo and Propaladia", she postulated "a serious hypothesis about the authorship of Lazarillo that, strengthened by other facts and circumstances, points solidly in the direction of Don Diego".
The hypothesis takes up again a traditional attribution, since in 1607, in the catalogue of Spanish writers Catalogus Clarorum Hispaniae scriptorum, which was written by the flamenco Valerio Andrés Taxandro, it is said that Diego Hurtado de Mendoza "composed [...] the entertainment book called Lazarillo de Tormes". Other authors from the 17th century, as well as the Diccionario de Autoridades de la Real Academia Española (1726-1739), mention this attribution, which reached a certain fortune, especially in the 19th century.
# Title & Trust Company of Florida Building

The Title & Trust Company of Florida Building is a historic site in Jacksonville, Florida. It is located at 200 East Forsyth Street. On February 23, 1990, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
# Parallactis ochrobyrsa

Parallactis ochrobyrsa is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1921. It is found in Zimbabwe.
The wingspan is about 17 mm. The forewings are yellow ochreous and the hindwings are grey.
# Jim Robertson (politician)

James Murray Robertson (born 16 February 1945) is an Australian former politician.
Robertson was born in Renmark, South Australia, the son of Murray and Anna Robertson of Kapunda, South Australia. Moving to the Northern Territory, he married Mary, daughter of Bert and Mary Baskeyfield on 13 April 1973. One daughter, Hilary Jane, born 14 August 1976 in Alice Springs, Northern Territory. He was a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1974 to 1986, representing Gillen until 1983 and Araluen thereafter. Robertson was Attorney-General of the Northern Territory during the first Tuxworth Ministry.
Appointments after retiring from the NT Legislative Assembly:
- Chairman of the Northern Territory Grants Commission
- Chairman of the Northern Territory Planning Authority 1989-1996
- NT Representative on the Centenary of Federation Advisory Committee
- Member of the Constitutional Centenary Foundation
- Deputy Chairman NT Statehood Convention 1998
In February 1994, Robertson was appointed by Prime Minister Paul Keating to the Centenary of Federation Advisory Committee. The role of the Committee was to plan centenary-related activities in the years leading up to the Centenary of Federation in 2001.
On 13 May 1997, Her Majesty the Queen approved that Robertson be granted the title 'Honourable' for life.
# Triplecross lizardfish

The triplecross lizardfish (Synodus macrops) is a type of lizardfish that lives mainly in the Indo-West Pacific.

## Information

The triplecross lizardfish can be found in a marine environment within a demersal depth range of about 35–200 m (110–660 ft). This species is native to a tropical environment. The maximum recorded length of the Triplecross lizardfish as an unsexed male is about 20 cm (7.9 in). The common length of this species as an unsexed male is around 10 cm (3.9 in). The triplecross lizardfish can be found in the areas of Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea, India, Andaman Sea, eastward to southern Japan, and Australia. It is common in ranges from coastal sand flats to deep off-shore, but prefers deeper waters. It is used as a source of food. It is commonly caught and sold fresh or dried salted in markets. This species is considered to be a benthic species. The Triplecross lizardfish serves as no threat to humans and it is considered to be harmless. This species cannot be kept in an aquarium or be used for commercial trading for aquaria.
# Temporary use

Temporary use of empty spaces is a practice in urbanism aiming to revitalize empty spaces in urban areas, especially abandoned and decaying buildings.
Many spaces are left empty by owners because they currently do not have plans with the space, no capital for its renovation or further building, or cannot sell or rent the space at the price they want. Instead of waiting with an empty space, which can often mean being additional taxed by the municipality, they can offer a temporary use of the space. This allows various community members to obtain the space for their social, cultural, or other needs, under often more favorable terms. The property owner often has less requirements than in the case of a normal lease: they do not have to maintain the spaces and can cancel the use at a much shorter notice. On the other hand, temporary users can use the space at no or symbolical cost, and often maintain the spaces themselves.
Such approach is perceived as win-win for both property owners who get tax benefits, and users and a wider city community who get new content in those spaces. Moreover, buildings are less prone to decay because they are in use. Furthermore, such use is intrinsically bottom-up driven by citizens and can demonstrate needs in a city which would otherwise be left undiscovered.

## Criticism

Many temporary use projects prove the benefit to the city and develop and go beyond the merely temporary use of buildings. This requires that temporary use is re-imagined and restructured:
   Ziehl therefore calls for avoiding the term “temporary use” if possible when talking of concepts for creative re-appropriation of urban space (see also temporary appropriation). The decisive factor, he says, is not at bottom the time period of the projects, but rather that here the citizens themselves are driving the development. “Investors and project developers don’t come into it.” Instead of interim use he would therefore prefer to speak of “user-supported developments”, and instead of temporary spaces of “second-hand spaces”. “It’s really supposed to be about establishing good projects in a place for a longer term.”

## Examples

* Rog (factory), an unsuccessful attempt at introducing temporary use in Slovenia
# Wnuk

Wnuk ("grandson" in Polish) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński (1944–2015), Polish sociologist and writer
* Lawrence Wnuk (1908–2006), Polish Catholic priest
* Marian Wnuk (1906–1967), Polish sculptor
* Oliver Wnuk (born 1976), German actor
* Rafał Wnuk (born 1967), Polish historian
* Witold Wnuk (born 1957), Polish musician
# Marcus Actorius Naso

Marcus Actorius Naso (fl. 1st century BCE) seems to have written a life of Julius Caesar, or a history of his times, which is quoted by Suetonius.
Although we have very little evidence to go on, it seems probable he was anti-Caesar in tone.
The time at which he lived is uncertain, but from the way in which he is referred to by Suetonius, he would almost seem to have been a contemporary of Caesar.
# Mocis annetta

Mocis annetta is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Russia (south-eastern Siberia, Amur, Ussuri, Primorje), China (Shaanxi), Korea, Taiwan and Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu).
The wingspan is 40–47 millimetres (1.6–1.9 in).
# Palomares del Campo

Palomares del Campo is a municipality in Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. In 2017, it had a population of 642.
* This article about a location in the Province of Cuenca in Spain is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Title (animal)

In animal husbandry and animal fancy, animals can compete in various shows and sports for titles signifying excellence. These titles vary depending on the species of the animal, the kind of show, and the country the event is held in.[citation needed]

## Dogs
### Conformation Shows

Dogs competing in conformation shows are eligible to win two titles. The first is best of breed, which signifies that a given animal is the best of its breed at the show. These best of breed winners then compete to win best in show. Animals that win enough best of breeds and best of shows are called Champions, and their show names are prefixed with Ch., such as Ch. Warren Remedy.

### Dog Sports

Dogs competing in a variety of dog sports are eligible to earn a number of titles. Often the first, or basic tile, signifies that a given animal has displayed a competent level and capable of proceeding in a given discipline. The next title is often incremented by class, level or a Champion, proceeded by a Grand Champion title, in that particular activity. The dog's registered names is then appended or prefixed with the title earned. This varies with the registry or sanctioning body that the title was awarded under. Both prefixed and appended titles are represented in Morghem's .500 Nitro Express's fully titled name CA UWP URO1 CH USJ 'PR' Morghem's .500 Nitro Express CGC TT.
# Parnassius tianschanicus

Parnassius tianschanicus, the large keeled Apollo, is a high-altitude butterfly. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (Parnassius) of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae.

## Range

It is found in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Afghanistan, Pakistan, south-western China and Xinjiang, reported from northern India (Jammu and Kashmir) by some authors by mistake.

## Status

Locally very common but generally a rare butterfly. It is declining due to changes in its habitat and is thus considered to be vulnerable. More information is needed on this species.
# Jim Romano

James King Romano (April 6, 1927 – September 12, 1990) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. Born in Brooklyn, New York, he pitched in three games for the Brooklyn Dodgers during the 1950 baseball season. He died at age 63 in New York City.
# Samsan Gymnasium station

Samsan Gymnasium Station is a railway station on Seoul Subway Line 7.

## Station layout

* Sang-dong ↑
* | N/B
* ↓ Gulpocheon
| Southbound | ← ● Line 7 toward Seongnam |
| Northbound | → ● Line 7 toward Jangam → |

## Vicinity

* Exit 1: Sinmyeong Skyview Apt.
* Exit 2: Bugae Park
* Exit 3: Samsan World Gymnasium
* Exit 4: Samsan World Gymnasium
* Exit 5: Aiinsworld, Bucheon
| Preceding station | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Seoul Metropolitan Subway | Following station |
| Sang-dongtowards Jangam | | Line 7 | | Gulpocheontowards Seongnam |
vteSeoul Metropolitan Subway :
* This Seoul Metropolitan Subway station article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# WoO 38

With regards to music, WoO 38 may refer to:
* Beethoven – Piano Trio in E-flat major
* Brahms – 20 Deutsche Volkslieder
* Draeseke – Symphony No. 4 in G major
* Raff – Juliet's Waltz by Ch. Gounod
* Ries – Recitative and Aria
# Margarella whiteana

Margarella whiteana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae, the top snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Antarctic Peninsula at depths between 3 m and 28 m.

## Description

The animal itself is a pale yellow in color. It has two pairs of short cephalic tentacles with large black eyes on the posterior side of the tentacles.
The shell is small, and wider than it is tall, at up to 7.6mm in height and 8.7 in diameter. The shell is covered in many spiral ribs, and lacks a periostracum. The maximum recorded shell length is 8.7 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is 3 m. Maximum recorded depth is 28 m.