OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sinkholes of Armala

In between November 2013 to 2017, more than 200 sinkholes were formed in the Armala area of Pokhara. The sinkholes were formed mostly in the paddy fields in the alluvial fan deposit. The sinkholes terrorised and displaced hundreds of local residents.

## Sinkholes in 2013

In 2013, about 30 sink holes were formed in both sides of Duhuni Khola. The holes had a diameter of about 10m and depth of about 7m. Locals reported flow of muddy silty water outlet at the Kali Khola about one week before the first sinkhole appeared in November 2013. The sinkholes were completely filled up later.

## Sinkholes in 2014

More than 150 sinkholes appeared between 2013 and 2014 in the same area. This time the sinkholes affected the agricultural farmland, collapse of cowsheds in a house of a local resident. The hole near the house was filled up by the owner.
Most of the sink holes were located on the western side of river. Some of the new sinkholes were the old sinkholes. A series of progressive sinkholes along a straight line were also identified.

## Geological observations

The sinkhole is composed of silty clay, sand, and gravel. The area has a layer of thick white silt in depth of 4 m to 20 m. A hidden cavity of 2.5 m wide was found at a depth of 7.5 m to 10 m.
The scrap from nearby Kali Khola identified 0.05 m thick sand seam layer between the silty clay layers at a depth of 9 m from the ground surface, which was similar to the level of sinkhole cavity. At the outcrop of Kali khola, groundwater flowing out from the interface of sand and silty clay layers were observed. An internal erosion was found at both the side of a sand layer. The internal erosion was not taking place at that location if there was only the presence of silty clay in the subsurface of Armala. The seepage groundwater from the hillside to the mainstream was the main source of erosion.
The groundwater flow is believed to trigger the formation of sinkholes. The Armala area is speculated to be actively eroding since hundreds of years which has caused gradual dissolving of small parts of soluble soil. This created caverns.
The geo-physical survey found that excessive use of natural resources and encroachment of water resources as the major cause of the caving.

## Risk

The area used to be an agriculture land for most part of its history. Recently, there was an abrupt development of infrastructures. Due the sink holes, approximately 70 households has high risk.
A high potential of catastrophe is predicted in case of seismic event in the area.
The earthquake of 2015, some muddy water was observed at the outlet of the Kali River indicating alteration of subsoil conditions in some ways. However, no new sinkholes were formed and the size of existing sinkholes did not change.
The Disaster Prevention Department has prohibited paddy plantation in the area for five years to reduce water seepage. However, locals were allowed to cultivate vegetables which require less amount of water. It has been learnt that a study around five decades ago had also recommended not to establish any human settlement in the area.
# Mawatari

Mawatari is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hiroki Mawatari (馬渡 洋樹, born 1994), Japanese footballer
* Junki Mawatari (born 1996), Japanese footballer
* Kazuaki Mawatari (born 1991), Japanese footballer
* Matsuko Mawatari (born 1967), Japanese pop singer-songwriter
* Tatsuharu Mawatari (born 1957), Japanese politician
* Yuki Mawatari (born 1909), Japanese swimmer
# Turridrupa prestoni

Turridrupa prestoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turridae, the turrids.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 27.5 mm, its diameter 10.4 mm.
(Original description) The turreted shell is yellowish brown. It contains 11 whorls, the upper bearing two spiral ridges between which is a row of coarse tubercles, the intervening spaces sculptured with minute spiral and transverse striae. The body whorl bears five spiral lirse in addition to the row of tubercles between the first two of these. The base of the shell is coarsely spirally lirate. The aperture is oval. The peristomeis reflexed especially round the . The sinus is broad and rather deep. The columella lip is expanded, erect and forms an umbilical fissure between it and the base of the shell. The siphonal canal is rather long, slightly reflexed upwards at base.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Tanzania, Zanzibar, the Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Fiji Islands and off the Nansha Islands, China.
# Thorvaldson Lake

Thorvaldson Lake is a fresh water lake in Northern Saskatchewan, named after Thorbergur Thorvaldson in 1966.
# Thyatira brasiliensis

Thyatira brasiliensis is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Werny in 1966. It is found in Brazil.
# Thyatira florina

Thyatira florina is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Max Gaede in 1930. It is found on Sulawesi and Buru.
# Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Jojawar

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Jojawar (जवाहर नवोदय विद्यालय, जोजावर, Javāhar Navōdaya Vidyālaya, Jōjāvar) is a Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya school in district Pali in Rajasthan, India, 1.5 km (0.93 mi) away from the village Jojawar in the Marwar Junction tehsil of the Pali district. This school is residence school and all facilities to the students is free of cost. This school established in a temporary site in 1988 under 1986 education policy. Now school have buildings for all the purposes, school building, hostels, staff quarters, multi-purpose hall.
The entrance test for admission into 6th and 9th class of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Jojawar is conducted by the Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti. The school syllabus is CBSE pattern. There are classes being conducted from 6th standard to 12th standard.
Music, computer science and socially useful productive work are taught as optional subjects. The school has a computer room equipped with Internet, a Samsung smart classroom with 40 laptops and LCD and a music room with most of the instruments available. The school also has a library with more than 7539 books.
There are two Shiv temples on two corners of the school boundary. Just 0.5 km (0.31 mi) away is one small river, which flows only in monsoon. Locality wise place is very calm and peaceful due to the distant location of the school from the village.

## Cluster

This Navodaya Vidyalaya comes under Sub-cluster II of J. C. Bose cluster in Jaipur region of Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (NVS). In this sub-cluster other Navodaya Vidyalaya are of Ajmer, Sirohi, Jalore, Barmer and Jodhpur districts. While Navodaya Vidyalayas of Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Udaipur, Rajsamand, Banswara and Dungarpur come under the sub-cluster I of J. C. Bose cluster.

## Migration

Under migration scheme the 30% students of 9th class migrated to JNV, Bucharwada, Diu (Daman and Diu, U.T.). Third language is accordingly Gujarati.

## Principals

As of 2020, the school has had eight principals:
* P.C. Upadhyay: (I/C) 13/09/1988 to 04/11/1988
* A.M. Mishra: 05/11/1988 to 24/02/1989
* D.P. Singh: 01/07/1989 to 19/11/1996
* J.P. Upreti: 19/11/1996 to 31/10/1999
* R.P. Singh: 25/07/2000 to 31/12/2011
* G.Krishna Rao: from 23/04/12 to 05/09/2018
* Dr. Jagdish Chandra Kaluawat: 05/09/2018 to 30/06/2019
* Krishna Kant Joshi from 03/10/2019
# Jatropha macrantha

Jatropha macrantha, also called the huanarpo macho, is a medium size shrubby tree species in the genus Jatropha with orange red flowers. It is indigenous to Peru. It is as popular in Peru as Muira Puama is in Brazil.
Catechin, catechin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside and procyanidin B3 can be found in Huanarpo Macho.
# Thrust curve

A thrust curve, sometimes known as a "performance curve" or "thrust profile" is a graph of the thrust of an engine or motor, (usually a rocket) with respect to time.
Most engines do not produce linear thrust (thrust which increases at a constant rate with time). Instead, they produce a curve of some type, where thrust will slowly rise to a peak, and then fall, or "tail off". Rocket engines, particularly solid-fuel rocket engines, produce very consistent thrust curves, making this a useful metric for judging their performance.
This information is vital when designing spacecraft, particularly multistage spacecraft, since it may be advantageous to separate the engine and its associated fuel tanks and machinery before the fuel has been fully exhausted. This is because even though the engine is still producing thrust during the tail off phase, it may be so little that the spacecraft would be more efficient without it.
# Sheruwal

Sheruwal is a village in Bhulath Tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from Bhulath, 23 kilometres (14 mi) away from district headquarter Kapurthala. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per the constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).
# Japanese submarine I-55

Japanese submarine I-55 may refer to one of the following submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy:
* Japanese submarine I-55 (1925), a Kaidai-type submarine; renamed I-155 in 1942; surrendered at Kure in 1945; scuttled in 1946
* Japanese submarine I-55 (1943), a Type C3 cargo submarine; sunk in 1944 by USS Gilmer and USS William C. Miller
# Jason Bloom (lacrosse)

Jason Bloom (born September 4, 1982, in Coquitlam, British Columbia) is a lacrosse player on the Washington Stealth of the National Lacrosse League. He also played for Coquitlam Adanacs of the Western Lacrosse Association in the summer of 2006. Bloom was the captain of the Under-19 British Columbia Selects, MVP of the B.C. Provincials in 1999, two-time gold medal winner at the Canadian Nationals with the B.C. Selects (1999, 2000) and was selected to the first team British Columbia Major Junior A All-Star team in 2001 for hockey.

## College career

Bloom earned a psychology degree from Ohio State University, where he captained the Buckeyes in 2004 and 2005. He was a four-time Ohio State Scholar-Athlete and a two-time Academic All-Big Ten selection.

## Professional career

Bloom played two season with the Colorado Mammoth, before being traded to the Boston Blazers for current Colorado captain John Gallant. Bloom joined the Boston Blazers for their inaugural season during the 2009 NLL season, and was named NLL Transition Player of the Week during 2009. Bloom was traded in June 2009 to the Washington Stealth, and was named team captain shortly thereafter. Bloom helped the Stealth win the 2010 NLL Championship, and is the youngest captain in the NLL to ever do so. Has a young family and works in commercial real estate in Seattle for GVA Kidder Mathews.

## Statistics
### NLL

| | | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | GP | G | A | Pts | LB | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | LB | PIM |
| 2007 | Colorado | 10 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 33 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 6 |
| 2008 | Colorado | 9 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 19 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2009 | Boston | 16 | 13 | 10 | 23 | 60 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| 2010 | Washington | 16 | 2 | 8 | 11 | 111 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 0 |
| NLL Totals | NLL Totals | 51 | 22 | 34 | 56 | 223 | 59 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 8 |
# Jason Blume

Jason Blume is an American songwriter, author, and teacher of songwriting. Blume is the author of 6 Steps to Songwriting Success (and the Revised and Expanded 2nd Edition), This Business of Songwriting, and Inside Songwriting, all published by Billboard Books/Penguin/Random House.
Jason Blume’s songs have been recorded by artists including Britney Spears, the Backstreet Boys, Jesse McCartney,, Hey Violet, J’Son, and the Nashville Chamber Orchestra (Kid Pan Alley), and country music stars such as the Oak Ridge Boys, John Berry, Collin Raye, and Steve Azar,. His solo-written “Wings” was the end credit song in the animated “Barbie of Swan Lake” movie, was recorded by Leslie Mills, and included in the “Barbie Sings!” album. John Berry's recording of "Change My Mind” (written with A.J. Masters) became a top 10 single that earned a BMI “Million-Aire” Award for garnering more than one million airplays.
Blume's international successes include recordings by Norway's Christian Ingebrigtsen, J-Pop star Tomohisa Yamashita (#1 EP), Hi-5 (winners of Greek Idol, certified “platinum”), as well as three top-10 singles with Dutch superstar BYentl—all certified “Gold” in the Netherlands— including a #1 on the iTunes R&B chart.
His songs have been included in films and television shows including “Scrubs,” “Friday Night Lights,” “Assassination Games,” Disney’s “Kim Possible” and “First Kid,” MTV’s “Next Big Thing,” “Teen Mom,” and “Taking the Stage,” “MVP,” “The Dating Guy,” “Barbie of Swan Lake,” “Dangerous Minds,” “Kickin’ it Old Skool,” “Fame,” “Swimming With the Fishes,” “The Guiding Light,” “The Miss America Pageant,” and “Frog and Toad Are Friends.” He shares a Los Angeles Area Emmy Award and an additional nomination for his musical contributions to episodes of PBS’ “Frontline.”
Regarded as one of the world's top songwriting instructors, Blume has taught the BMI Nashville Songwriters Workshop for more than twenty-five years. He has been a guest lecturer at Berklee College of Music and Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts (LIPA, founded by Sir Paul McCartney)and taught master classes in Puerto Rico and in countries including Norway, Northern Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Bermuda, and Canada, as well as on cruise ships.
He has appeared as a songwriting expert on television and radio shows throughout the U.S. and internationally, including CNN International and the BBC, and has been interviewed for articles in the New York Times and Rolling Stone.
His poetry and photography is on greeting cards published exclusively by Blue Mountain Arts, selling more than 7 million copies.
# Shivnarayanpur

Shivnarayanpur or Mathurapur is a small town in the Kahalgaon block and under Pirpainti Vidhansabha seat of Bhagalpur district of Bihar, India.

## History

Traditionally, the village is known as Mathurapur. The name Shivnarayanpur came after the name of late Shivnarayan Ram who donated his land for Shivanarayanpur railway station and Shivnarayanpur hattya. It is also one of the biggest and oldest mandis for agriculture produce (mainly vegetables, pulses and jaggery) in Bihar. Vikramshila, which is a national heritage site maintained by Archeological Survey of India is situated near Shivnarayanpur. The Ganga ghat known as Bateishwernath is also situated near this village.

## Transport

Shivanarayanpur railway station is situated on Sahibganj Loop line under the Malda railway division.
# Jay Prakash Narayan Yadav

Jay Prakash Narayan Yadav (born 2 August 1954) is an Indian politician from Bihar. He served as the Minister of State of Water Resources during UPA I under then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. He was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. Yadav represented the Munger constituency of Bihar and is a member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) political party. He won the 2014 Indian general election from Banka Constituency and in 2019 and 2024 lost to Giridhari Yadav from the same constituency.

## Biography

Jai Prakash Narayan Yadav was born in Barhat, Jamui district, in Bihar state. His late father's name is Akhileshwar Prasad Yadav and his mother's name is Shanti Devi. Yadav holds a degree of Masters of Arts and Bachelor of Law from Patna University, Bihar. He married Savita Yadav on 18 February 1991. They have two daughters, elder Divya Prakash and younger Shefali Roy.

## Political tenure

* 1980-1985 and 1990-2004 - Member, Bihar Legislative Assembly (four terms)
* 1995-2000 - Minister, Primary, Secondary and Adult Education, Government of Bihar
* 2000-2004 - Minister, Micro-irrigation, Government of Bihar
* 2004-2009 - State Minister, water resources, Government of India and Lok Sabha member from Munger constituency
* 2014-2019 - Lok Sabha member from Banka constituency
# Stuart station

Stuart station may refer to:
* Stuart station (Brightline), Stuart, Florida, United States
* Stuart station (Iowa), Stuart, Iowa, United States
# Kenyentulus hainanensis

Kenyentulus hainanensis is a species of proturan in the family Acerentomidae. It is found in Southern Asia.
# María José Iturbide

María José Iturbide is a biologist with more than 25 years of experience in natural resources management. She served as minister of environment and natural resources. She served from January 2024 to 11 April 2024 until President Bernardo Arévalo fired Iturbide after it was made aware that Iturbide assigned security and state vehicles to her daughter for her personal activities.

## Biography

María José Iturbide has a B.Sc from the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, a master's degree in environmental science and a PhD in Environmental Policy and Planning from the Lincoln University in New Zealand.
Prior to her ministerial nomination, she served as the Executive Director of the Foundation for Water Conservation (Funcagua) and advocated for the protection of the country's water resources. Under her management, the First State of Water Report in the Metropolitan Region of Guatemala was published, and the only groundwater monitoring system in Guatemala was established, monitoring more than 300 municipal wells. She promoted rainwater harvesting systems, water recharge, and nature-based solutions in the law. She also worked as the Director of the Wildlife Department of the National Council of Protected Areas Protected Areas.

## Dismissal

On 7 April 2024, President Arévalo dismissed Iturbide. His decision came after a report was published by Vox Populi on 4 April, which revealed that María Fernanda Iturbide, daughter of Minister Iturbide, had used state vehicles for personal activities. Later, Iturbide spoke on the matter, acknowledging the poor procedure, and explained that the decision was made due to persecution and threats against her following the dismissal of corrupt individuals within the Environmental Minister. In writing, she requested the Ministry of the Interior to provide her with appropriate protection. The Secretary General of the Presidency published a statement on behalf of Arévalo, stating that the decision was made to "avoid any doubt about the commitment of his administration and tolerance to the misuse of State resources and corruption."
# Ible

Ible (pronounced 'eyebull', or 'ib-ull') is a hamlet in Derbyshire, England, just within the Peak District National Park.
It is near the Via Gellia valley, the historic market town of Wirksworth and village of Bonsall, and is on the route of the Limestone Way and the Peak District Boundary Walk.
The name of the hamlet is derived from the Old English for "Ibba's Hollow".
# Poor laws of the Isle of Man

The poor laws of the Isle of Man refer to the legislation relating to poor relief passed on the Isle of Man during the 19th century.
The Isle of Man, in contrast to neighbouring Britain, did not adopt an English style scheme of poor relief (see Tudor Poor Laws) and instead, prior to the Napoleonic Wars, relied on a system of charitable work undertaken by friendly societies and charitable donations collected by each parish church. The novel The Deemster also describes a system of house-to-house begging on the island. When this system of voluntary donations proved ineffective, a committee of enquiry was formed to consider reform. An Act of Tynwald established a Home for the Poor in 1889.
# Max Tiri

Max Tiri is a Papua New Guinean former professional rugby league footballer who represented Papua New Guinea at the 1995 World Cup.

## Playing career

Tiri played for the Mt Hagen Eagles and represented Papua New Guinea between 1990 and 1996. He captained Papua New Guinea and finished his career having played in 32 tests.

## Administration career

Tiri served as the Highlands region director and on the board of the Papua New Guinea Rugby Football League.
# Simone Ortega

Simone Ortega Klein (29 May 1919 – 2 July 2008) was a bestselling Spanish culinary author. Born in Barcelona to a family originally from Alsace in France, she published her first and bestselling book 1080 recetas de cocina (republished in English as 1080 Recipes) in 1972. She was married to publisher José Ortega Spottorno, son of famous philosopher José Ortega y Gasset and founder of the Spanish daily newspaper El País, until he died in 2002.
Her bestselling book, 1080 recetas de cocina (1080 Recipes) has sold over 3.5 million copies in Spain since it was first published, and as of 2007 it was on its 48th updated edition there. In 1987 she was awarded the Spanish Special Prize for Gastronomy, following this in 2006 with the Spain Food Awards Special Prize. In awarding the latter prize, the jury spoke of "an entire lifetime dedicated to advising and teaching consumers about good cooking and good cuisine, with special emphasis on the quality of national products". 2006 also saw the French government bestow the Order of Arts and Letters on Ortega at a special ceremony in Madrid, at which Ortega commented that ""More than anything else, the cuisine is what has brought France and Spain closer together".
Aside from writing cookbooks, Ortega had a regular column in ¡Hola!, and was a frequent guest on various radio programmes. Her most recent books were written in collaboration with her daughter, Inés Ortega Klein, who has followed in the footsteps of her mother to become something of a celebrity chef and cookbook author.

## Publications

1080 Recipes has been translated into English, Dutch and other languages. In collaboration with her daughter, Ortega released two separate English language editions of 1080 Recipes: one for the United Kingdom and the other for the United States, to reflect the ease with which customers in each country can get hold of certain products.
Some of her books are:
* "1080 recetas de cocina" published in 1972 (English: 1080 Recipes)
* "Nuevas recetas de cocina" (1984) (New Recipes)
* "Quesos españoles" (1987) (Cheeses of Spain)
* "La cocina de Madrid" (1987) (The Madrid Kitchen)
* "El libro de los potajes, las sopas, las cremas y los gazpachos" (1988) (The Book of Stews, Soups, Creams and Gazpachos)
* "Las mejores recetas de Simone Ortega" (1990) (The Best Recipes of Simone Ortega)
* "El Libro de Los Platos de Cuchara" (2004) (The Book of Dishes Eaten with a Spoon: Stews, Soups, Creams and Gazpachos) (in collaboration with her daughter)
* "Spain: The Cookbook" Phaidon Press, 2017. ISBN 978-0-7148-7247-6. (US Edition).
# Turriff, Victoria

Turriff is a locality in Victoria, Australia, 144 kilometres (89 mi) south of the urban centre of Mildura in Yarriambiack Shire. Turriff borders the Wathe Flora and Fauna Reserve, a breeding ground for Mallee fowl.
Turriff was settled in 1902. The locality itself includes a small colonial history museum. In 2006 the population of Turriff was 140.
Turriff State School (No. 3537) opened in 1908, and was initially taught in alternating weeks with the Turriff East school. It was replaced with a new building about 1918. The school has since closed, and the building has since been moved to a different site within Turriff as part of the history museum.
Turriff West State School (No. 3946) opened in 1923, but later closed with the school building being relocated to the town of Ouyen in 1976. Turriff East State School (No. 3695) opened on 1 June 1911 and closed around 1932.
In 1994 a meteorite with a mass of 0.28 kilograms (0.62 lb) was found in a field near Turriff. The meteorite, comprising ordinary chondrite with traces of pyroxene, feldspar and kamacite, was subsequently gifted to Museum Victoria.
The former station at Turriff was closed to passenger and parcels traffic on 11 November 1975.