OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The American People Series 18: The Flag is Bleeding

The American People Series #18: The Flag is Bleeding is an oil on canvas painting made by American artist Faith Ringgold in 1967. Widely cited as one of Ringgold's most iconic and pivotal works, the painting depicts a Black man, white woman, and white man interlocking arms inside the confines of an American flag dripping with blood, some of which is seemingly from a wound on the Black man's chest. The Flag is Bleeding was painted toward the end of the American Civil Rights movement and explores themes of race, gender, and patriotism.

## Description

The work shows three figures standing within the design of an American flag. On the left, a Black man in a black turtleneck holds his right hand over a bloody wound on his chest, in a gesture that recalls reciting the Pledge of Allegiance, while his left hand holds a bloody knife; on the right, a white man in a suit stands with his hands on his hips; in the center, a white woman in a cocktail dress is locking arms with the two men. The figures are variously obscured by the bars and stars of the flag; blood drips from the bars throughout the scene.
Ringgold was partly inspired by Jasper Johns' painting Flag (1954-1955).

## History

The Flag is Bleeding was acquired directly from Ringgold's collection by the National Gallery of Art (NGA) in Washington, D.C., in October 2021 with support from Glenstone in Potomac, Maryland. NGA senior curator Harry Cooper said the acquisition "may well be the most important purchase of a single work of contemporary art" for the museum in over 45 years.

## Reception

Writing in caa.reviews about the work's showing at the Serpentine Galleries, Juliette Milbach wrote that the work considers "the complex relationship between race and national identity," and "makes a critical argument about the power of figuration," further noting that Ringgold was drawing on and extending a history of Black artists depicting "confrontations with the American flag." Charles Moore observed in The Art Newspaper that "tension spills over into violence" in The Flag is Bleeding, like similar later works in The American People Series. Victoria L. Valentine said in Culture Type that the work "makes a powerful political statement about American democracy and racism."
# Saccharide transporter

The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) is a multi-protein system involved in the regulation of a variety of metabolic and transcriptional processes. The PTS catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their translocation across the cell membrane. The general mechanism of the PTS is the following: a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is transferred to enzyme-I (EI) of PTS which in turn transfers it to a phosphoryl carrier protein (HPr). Phospho-HPr then transfers the phosphoryl group to a sugar-specific permease which consists of at least three structurally distinct domains (IIA, IIB, and IIC) which can either be fused together in a single polypeptide chain or exist as two or three interactive chains, formerly called enzymes II (EII) and III (EIII). The IIC domain catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from IIB to the sugar substrate.
# Warwick Parer

Warwick Raymond Parer, AM (6 April 1936 – 14 March 2014) was an Australian politician who served as a Senator for Queensland from 1984 to 2000. He was a member of the Liberal Party and served as Minister for Resources and Energy in the Howard government from 1996 to 1998.

## Early life

Parer was born in Wau in the Australian-administered Territory of New Guinea (present-day Papua New Guinea). His uncle Damien Parer was a war photographer who was killed by the Japanese in 1944. Parer was educated at St. Joseph's Nudgee College in Brisbane and at the University of Melbourne, where he received a Bachelor of Commerce.

## Politics

Parer became a member of the Senate in 1985. Following the announcement of the 1987 Senate election results, Parer was one of four senators who received a six-year term as a consequence of which method was chosen to allocate the seats.
From March 1996 to October 1998, Parer was Minister for Resources and Energy in John Howard's government. He retired from the Senate on 11 February 2000, and George Brandis was appointed to fill the casual vacancy.
Parer was president of the Queensland Liberal Party from 2006 until February 2008.

## Other activities

He was chair of the Coalition of Australian Governments Independent Energy Review Panel and a member of the Governing Council of the Old Parliament House (Qld).
He was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in 2005.
He was also appointed chair of the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Foundation in 2010, and chairman of the Board of Stanwell Corporation Limited in May 2012.

## Death

Parer died on Friday 14 March 2014, aged 77.
# Metaparody

Metaparody is a form of humor or literary technique consisting "parodying the parody of the original", sometimes to the degree that the viewer is unclear as to which subtext is genuine and which subtext parodic. The American literary critic Gary Saul Morson has written extensively on the topic:
   In texts of this type, each voice may be taken to be parodic of the other; readers are invited to entertain each of the resulting contradictory interpretations in potentially endless succession. In this sense such texts remain fundamentally open... readers may witness the alternation of statement and counterstatement, interpretation and antithetical interpretation, up to a conclusion which fails, often ostentatious, to resolve their hermeneutic perplexity. (Morson 1989)
# Symphony No. 3 (Wirén)

The Symphony No. 3, Op. 20, is a three-movement orchestral composition written from 1943 to 1944 by the Swedish composer Dag Wirén. Despite its numbering, the Third Symphony represents Wirén's second contribution to the form as a professional (the composer withdrew Symphony No. 1, Op. 3—a 1932 experimental "study work" from his student years in Paris—and prohibited its performance), arriving five years after its predecessor, the Symphony No. 2. Swedish conductor Sixten Eckerberg premiered the new symphony with the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra in Gothenburg on 28 September 1944.

## Structure

The Third Symphony is in three movements. They are as follows:
* Allegro [attacca subito]
* Adagio
* Allegro molto — Poco più moto — Tempo I — Prestissimo — Poco meno
A transparency score is archived at The Music and Theatre Library of Sweden.

## Orchestration

* Woodwind: 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons
* Brass: 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba
* Percussion: timpani
* Strings: violins, violas, cellos, double basses

## Recordings

| Conductor | Orchestra | Recorded | Duration | Label |
| Thomas Dausgaard | Norrköping Symphony Orchestra | 1999 | 22:12 | cpo (999677-2) |
| Rumon Gamba | Iceland Symphony Orchestra | 2018 | 24:43 | Chandos (CHSA5194) |
| Stefan Solyom | Sami Sinfonietta | 2001 | 25:37 | Phono Suecia (PS-CD716) |
The Dausgaard recording has received generally positive reviews. ClassicsToday.com's David Hurwitz, for example, describes the Third as "portraying the eventual triumph of its song-like, rhapsodic elements over its more active, aggressive ones". Furthermore, he detects in the Third Symphony (and its disc partner, the Symphony No. 2) echoes of Jean Sibelius and Carl Nielsen, concluding: "Not a bad combination! In fact, Wirén's symphonic achievement rubs shoulders easily with the 20th century's finest works in the form". Fanfare's Paul Snook describes the Third as representative of "this patient, self-critical composer's evolution toward a singular and personalized type of Neo-Classical minimalism, where every detail counts"; he further labels the disc "a welcome and necessary addition to the Swedish recorded repertoire" that "points to the mature Wirén". The American Record Guide's Mark Lehman praises the "splendid" Symphonies Nos. 2 and 3 as "overflow[ing] with an untroubled but mysterious joy", noting in particular their "pantheistic expansiveness and dewy-fresh orchestral transparency".
# Whick, Kentucky

Whick is an unincorporated community and coal town in Breathitt County, Kentucky, United States. Its post office closed in 2004.
# Immunoreactive trypsinogen

Measurement of immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) in blood of newborn babies is an assay in rapidly increasing use as a screening test for cystic fibrosis (CF).
In CF, there is poor release from pancreatic ducts. Trypsinogen is a pancreatic enzyme precursor found in the blood that is elevated in most of those with CF at birth, regardless of whether their mutation is pancreatic sufficient or insufficient. The concentration of IRT is elevated in babies with CF since pancreatic ducts are partially blocked leading to abnormal enzyme drainage. Heterozygous carriers of cystic fibrosis can have a raised IRT and it is therefore not diagnostic in isolation.
IRT is measured in routine heel-prick blood taken for biochemical screening of all newborn infants born in the UK. This test is one of a number of completed in newborn screening (the "Guthrie Test"). In Australia it is known 94% of those with eventual diagnosis of CF have a positive IRT on newborn screen. Samples with a raised IRT (defined as highest 1% of values) are then screened for common CF gene mutations. Each centre has a slightly different gene panel; currently 40–50 of the most common genes are sequenced. However, there are more than 2,000 known mutations, so gene panel testing does miss occasional CF patients.
If gene testing finds one mutation they will then have a sweat test to help confirm the diagnosis. Sweat testing is more likely to be equivocal in infants and typically not attempted in those under 5 kg. If sweat test is positive more comprehensive gene testing is considered. If two mutations are found they are diagnosed with CF.

## United States Testing Protocols

As of the year 2010, immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT)-based newborn screening programs for cystic fibrosis have been implemented across the country. However, the specific testing protocol varies by state. Certain states require only a single immunoreactive trypsinogen test to be performed within hours or days of birth before requiring additional diagnostic screenings for infants with elevated IRT levels. Of these, some follow up one elevated IRT result with DNA screening to identify cystic fibrosis-specific genetic mutations. Other states mandate two IRT blood tests to be performed (one immediately after birth and one after a period of two weeks) before requiring any further testing. Newborns found to have abnormally high levels of immunoreactive trypsinogen and/or positive DNA screening results are referred to specialized facilities that perform sweat chloride tests to either confirm or rule out a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
# Hoyleton Airbase

Hoyleton Airbase (ICAO: YHYL) is an airstrip near the small town of Hoyleton in the Mid North region of South Australia. It has one unsealed runway. It is used as a support base for the South Australian Country Fire Service with several fixed wing aircraft (mostly Air Tractor AT-802s) and helicopters based there during the fire season.
The base is operated by Aerotech. Out of fire season, the aircraft are used for aerial crop spraying. In fire season, on high fire danger days, Hoyleton Airbase is on standby for rapid response to any reported fire in the Mid North Primary Response Zone. Sometimes the aircraft might reach a newly reported fire before CFS trucks are able to reach it.
# Touillon

Touillon (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
# Message from Maynard

Message from Maynard is an album released by Canadian jazz trumpeter Maynard Ferguson featuring tracks recorded in early 1962 and originally released on the Roulette label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
AllMusic reviewer Scott Yanow stated "None of the originals caught on, but there are plenty of fine solos from the leader/trumpeter, Menza on tenor, altoist Lanny Morgan and pianist Abene; plus, the rhythm section is really pushed by drummer Rufus Jones".

## Track listing

All compositions by Don Menza except where noted.
* "September Moan" (Don Sebesky) – 4:04
* "Statement" – 6:08
* "Nude Mood" – 2:45
* "One for Otis" – 2:43
* "Reflection" – 2:49
* "Head Hunter" – 2:57
* "Lament for Susan" (Mike Abene) – 3:43
* "L & M" (Don Rader) – 3:06
* "Jennifer's Bounce" (Rader) – 2:21

## Personnel

* Maynard Ferguson – trumpet, leader
* John C. Gale, Gene A. Goe, Natale Pavone, Donald A. Rader – trumpet
* Kenneth H. Rupp – trombone
* Lanny Morgan – alto saxophone
* Willie Maiden, Donald J. Menza – tenor saxophone
* Frank J. Hittner, Jr. – baritone saxophone
* Michael C. J. Abene – piano
* Lincoln B. Milliman – bass
* Rufus Jones – drums
* Mike Abene (track 7), Don Menza (tracks 2–6), Don Rader (tracks 8 & 9, Don Sebesky (track 1) – arrangers
# Mike Douglass (American football)

Michael Reese Douglass (born March 15, 1955) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the Green Bay Packers (1978–1985) and the San Diego Chargers (1986) of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs. He ranks third in career tackles in Packers history and was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 2003.
# R v Marshall

R v Marshall (No 1) [1999] 3 S.C.R. 456 and R v Marshall (No 2) [1999] 3 S.C.R. 533 are two decisions given by the Supreme Court of Canada on a single case regarding a treaty right to fish.

## Decision No. 1

The Court held in the first decision that Donald Marshall's catching and selling of eels was valid under 1760 and 1761 treaties between the Mi'kmaq and Britain and that federal fishery regulations governing a closed fishing season and the regulating and the requirement of licences to fish and sell the catch would infringe the treaty right.
In 1999, the court of appeal heard the Marshall case, indicated that the trial judge had made an error in law and overturned the decision (p. 89). The appeal judge Justice Binnie, stated that the trial judge's error was in not focusing attention on the Maliseet–British treaty of 1 February 1760.

### Commentary

A 2009 book by a former Nova Scotia crown attorney, Alex M Cameron, who had argued similar cases for the Province against Indigenous logging, was sharply critical of the Supreme Court's decision in R v Marshall. Other commentators, including Greg Flynn (2010), and Dianne Pothier (2010), have seen Alex Cameron's analysis as lacking "nuance and balance," and as being "fundamentally flawed"
Cameron argues, among other things, that the Supreme Court was wrong in asserting that it was being asked to decide on the rights of all Mi'kmaq. He holds that the courts were being asked to decide only on the right of an individual Mi'kmaq from Cape Breton, Donald Marshall.

## Decision No. 2

In its second decision, the Supreme Court elaborated the extension of Indigenous treaty rights stating that they are still subject to regulation when conservation is proven to be a concern or other public interests.
Both decisions proved highly controversial. The first elicited anger from the non-Indigenous fishing community for giving seemingly-complete immunity to Indigenous peoples to fish. The second decision, which was claimed to be an "elaboration," was seen as a retreat from the first decision and angered Indigenous communities. The second decision was issued on a motion for re-hearing the case brought by fishermen's associations in which the court elaborated in particular about such things as the relationship between treaty rights and conservation that had been more implicit in the first decision.
# Stenoporpia insipidaria

Stenoporpia insipidaria is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Stenoporpia insipidaria is 6467.
# Panambí Retá (Asunción)

Panambí Retá is a neighbourhood (barrio) of Asunción, the capital and largest city of Paraguay.
# Immunoscintigraphy

Immunoscintigraphy is a nuclear medicine procedure used to find cancer cells in the body by injecting a radioactively labeled antibody, which binds predominantly to cancer cells and then scanning for concentrations of radioactive emissions.

## Clinical applications

Immunoscintigraphy is performed using a variety of radiopharmaceuticals, for a large range of purposes. Colorectal cancer is one of the most studied areas, with indium-111 or technetium-99m labelled epitopes of the carcinoembryonic antigen. The antibody capromab pendetide reacts with prostate membrane specific antigen (PMSA) and can be labelled with $^{111}$In.
# Saint-Pons-de-Thomières

Saint-Pons-de-Thomières (French pronunciation:; Languedocien: Sant Ponç de Tomièiras) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

## History

It is named after its patron saint, Saint Pontius of Cimiez (Pons de Cimiez in French), martyr under Emperor Valerian, who is venerated throughout the diocese of Montpellier.
The Abbey of St-Pons was founded in 936 by Raymond, Count of Toulouse, who brought to it the monks of Saint Gerald of Aurillac.
By a papal bull of 18 February 1318, Pope John XXII raised the abbey to an episcopal see.
A Brief of 16 June 1877 authorized the bishops of Montpellier to call themselves bishops of Montpellier, Béziers, Agde, Lodève, and Saint-Pons, in memory of the different dioceses united in the present Diocese of Montpellier.
# Sruti (magazine)

Sruti is an English language monthly magazine on the performing arts and Indian music and dance, published from Chennai, India.
Sruti was founded in 1983 by N. Pattabhiraman, who had returned to India from a career abroad, bringing with him a focus and skill for English composition. The magazine initially had financial difficulties, with Pattabhiraman desiring to gain subscribers vice take out loans, and minimal support from corporations. The journal foundered somewhat following Pattabhiraman's death, but as of 2014 continues forward under staffers who rose to take over its leadership. The magazine was acquired by the Sanmar Group in 2006.
Journalist S. Muthiah in 2011 referred to the publication as the country's leading journal on Indian Classical music and dance.
# Touillon-et-Loutelet

Touillon-et-Loutelet (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

## Geography

The commune lies 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Pontarlier.
# Message from Nam

Message from Nam is a romantic novel, written by American Danielle Steel and published by Dell Publishing in October 1990. It is Steel's 26th novel.

## Plot

The novel follows Paxton Andrews, who is stationed in Vietnam as a journalist during the Vietnam War, focusing on the men she encounters and how her life and the lives of the people she encounters are changed forever.
Andrews has been heartbroken many times, having lost her father, two lovers, and a nanny to whom she was close. These tragedies have left her hopeless and despairing, but by going to Saigon for a third time she finds a love that will not fade away.

## Reception

The book was described by Publishers Weekly to be an "audacious and ill-conceived departure from her usual glitzy settings".

## Film adaptation

The novel was adapted into a television film, directed by Paul Wendkos, that was broadcast on NBC on October 17, 1993.
# Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase

Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.134, PHS1 (gene), PAS2 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA hydro-lyase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    a very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA $\rightleftharpoons$ a very-long-chain trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + H$_2$O
This is the third component of the elongase.
# TSHS

TSHS may refer to
* The Seven Hills School, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
* Tahoma Senior High School, Covington, Washington, United States
* Tarpon Springs High School, Pinellas County, Florida, United States
* Terry Sanford High School, Fayetteville, North Carolina, United States
* Toowoomba State High School, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
* Twin Springs High School, Nickelsville, Virginia, United States
* Tesla STEM High School, Redmond, Washington, United States
* Townsville State High School, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
# Stenoporpia purpuraria

Stenoporpia purpuraria is a species of moth in the family Geometridae first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1913. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Stenoporpia purpuraria is 6464.
# Paolo Maffei

Paolo Maffei (2 January 1926 – 1 March 2009) was an Italian astrophysicist and science writer.
He was born in Arezzo and was director of the Catania Observatory and an astronomer at Arcetri, Bologna, Asiago and Hamburg. He studied comets, variable stars, galaxies and the evolution of the universe. An internationally renowned astronomer, he was one of the pioneers of infrared astronomy research. In 1968 he discovered through infrared analysis two galaxies, otherwise unobservable because their light emission in the visible frequencies is absorbed by the dust that fills the plane of the Milky Way. The two galaxies were named after him: Maffei-1 (a galaxy that, if directly observable, would become one of the most visible objects in the sky) and Maffei-2. The two galaxies are the main constituents of the group known as "Maffei's Group of galaxies 1".
Maffei also a historian of astronomy and popularizer of astronomy through a series of books, including Al di là della Luna (1973) and I mostri del cielo (1976).
Asteroid 18426 Maffei is named for him.

## Works

* Al di là della Luna (1973)
* I mostri del cielo (1976)
* L'universo nel tempo (1982)
* La cometa di Halley: dal passato al presente (1984)
* Giuseppe Settele, il suo diario e la questione galileiana (1987)
* Autobiographic paper: P.Maffei, "My Researches at the Infrared Doors", Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, Vol. 74 n. 1, 2003, pag. 19-28 (PDF),
(from "IV National Conference on Infrared Astronomy, in honour of Paolo Maffei", Perugia, December 4–7, 2001).
# Sacramento, Nebraska

Sacramento is an unincorporated community in Phelps County, Nebraska, United States. Sacramento is 5.7 miles (9.2 km) east-southeast of Holdrege.

## History

Sacramento had a post office between 1879 and 1944. The community was likely named after Sacramento, California.
Sacramento was located along the Burlington Railroad.
# Squaring the circle (disambiguation)

Squaring the circle is a geometric problem of constructing a circle and square of equal area, with compass and straightedge, proven to be impossible.
Squaring the circle may also refer to:
* Squaring the Circle (The Story of Hipgnosis), 2023 documentary movie by Anton Corbijn
* Squaring the Circle (album), 2021 electronic music album by Sneaker Pimps
* "Squaring the Circle", track on 2013 avant-garde music album Psychomagia by Abraxas
* "Squaring The Circle", track on 2004 avant-garde metal album Bathos by Aarni
* Squaring the Circle, 1984 television play by Tom Stoppard
* Squaring the Circle, 1977 fantasy novel by Niel Hancock
* "Squaring the Circle", 1977 episode of British television fantasy series Children of the Stones
* Squaring the Circle, 1936 English translation of 1931 play by Valentin Kataev
* "Squaring the Circle", 1908 short story by O. Henry
# Tower of death

Tower of death may refer to:
* Kalyan minaret, also known as the Tower of Death.
* Game of Death II, a 1981 martial arts film also known as Tower of Death
# Synechodes andamanensis

Synechodes andamanensis is a moth in the family Brachodidae. It was described by Kallies in 2004. It is found on the Andamans (India).
The wingspan is about 19 mm.

## Etymology

The species name refers to the type locality.
# Tafresh and Ashtian (electoral district)

Tafresh and Ashtian is an electoral district in the Markazi Province. This electoral district elects 1 member of parliament.