OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Western Australian Government Astronomer

Western Australian Government Astronomer is a position created by the Government of Western Australia in 1896.
The first Western Australian Government Astronomer was William Ernest Cooke, who was appointed in 1896. The Perth Observatory became the base for the Western Australia Government Astronomer on completion of the new building in October 1897.
   On arrival in Perth, his first task was to determine the exact latitude and longitude of the colony. He was also able to determine the time of day with greater accuracy. Before his arrival clocks could vary by up to half an hour.
The title of 'Government Astronomer' was replaced with the title 'Director' by the WA Government when Mr. M.D. P Candy became the first Director of the Perth Observatory. The title of Government Astronomer was no longer used as being the head of the Perth Observatory.
As of 14 March 2013, the Government Astronomer position ceased to exist at the Perth Observatory.

## History

The idea of an observatory for Perth was first introduced by Premier John Forrest in 1891, but failed to obtain financial backing. Funding was finally approved in 1895, along with funds to build the Perth Mint) as well as the Western Australian Museum and Art Gallery.
Forrest asked the Government Astronomer of South Australia, Sir Charles Todd for advice on an observatory. Todd sent specifications for instruments and plans for buildings, based on the Adelaide Observatory and recommended his own Assistant Astronomer, Mr. W.E. Coookie, for the position of Government Astronomer and Meteorologist.
Cooke came to Western Australia to take up his post as the first Government Astronomer for the State in February 1896. The Observatory would not be completed until 1897.

## Western Australia Government Astronomers

* 1896–1912 – William Ernest Cooke – Government Astronomer
* 1912–1920 – Harold Burnam Curlewis – Acting Government Astronomer
* 1920–1940 – Harold Burnam Curlewis – Government Astronomer
* 1940–1962 – Hyman Solomon Spigl – Government Astronomer
* 1962–1974 – Bertrand John Harris – Government Astronomer
* 1974–1979 – Dr. Iwan (Ivan) Nikoloff – Acting Government Astronomer
* 1979–1984 – Dr. Iwan (Ivan) Nikoloff – Government Astronomer
* 1984–1993 – Mr. Michael Phillip Candy – Director
* 1994–2010 – Dr. James D. Biggs – Director
* 2010–2013 – Dr. Ralph Martin – Acting Director
# Western Australian Goldfields

The Western Australian Goldfields is a term for areas in Western Australia that have had significant areas of gold mining occur.

## Range of goldfields

There are goldfields across the state of Western Australia that area included in the range of Mineral fields of Western Australia, from the Kimberley region to the south coast.
Designated goldfields in Western Australia have included:

## Mid West region

* Ashburton Goldfield
* East Murchison Goldfield
* Gascoyne Goldfield
* Murchison Goldfield

## Goldfields region

* Broad Arrow Goldfield
* Coolgardie Goldfield
* East Coolgardie Goldfield
* North East Coolgardie Goldfield
* North Coolgardie Goldfield
* Yilgarn Goldfield

## Goldfields to Eastern Goldfields

In the 1890s the goldfields term was used for country between Southern Cross and Coolgardie, however as the gold fields extended to Kalgoorlie and beyond, the term Eastern Goldfields was used for the locations in vicinity of Kalgoorlie at that stage.
Sometimes West Australian Goldfields, even the goldfields or Eastern Goldfields is a term that has been used to either identify the region surrounding Kalgoorlie-Boulder within the current broader designated region of Goldfields-Esperance in Western Australia.
The term has been used in books specifically referring to the Kalgoorlie region.
The term has been used in government reports as a reference for all of the goldfields found in Western Australia.
The term has been used in company names.

## Kimberley goldfield

The Kimberley goldfield was proclaimed in 1886.
The Kimberley goldfield was relatively short lived, mainly the rush period of the 1880s and 1890s being the notable era on the field.

## Pilbara goldfield

    See The Pilbarra Goldfield News
# The Groove (song)

"The Groove" is a song by American jazz pianist Rodney Franklin released as a single in April 1980 from his second album You'll Never Know.
"The Groove" had the most success in the UK, peaking at number 7 on the Singles Chart, and even created its own dance craze there, called 'The Freeze', started by disc jockey Chris Hill, in which due to the number of breaks in the song, dancers would freeze until the music started again.

## Track listing

7": Columbia / 1-11252
* "The Groove" – 3:28
* "God Bless the Blues" – 3:01
12": Columbia / 43-11300
* "The Groove" – 4:48
* "God Bless the Blues" – 6:22
12": CBS / S CBS 13 8529 (UK and Europe)
* "The Groove" – 4:48
* "God Bless the Blues" – 3:01

## Personnel

Musicians
* Rodney Franklin – piano
* Brooks Hunnicutt – vocals
* Lisa Roberts – vocals
* Phyllis St. James – vocals
* Vince Spaulding – electric guitar
* Harold Foreman – bass guitar
* Dean Holzkamp – flute, soprano saxophone
* Tony St. Junior – drums
* Kenneth Nash – percussion
Technical
* Paul Buckmaster – producer
* Rodney Franklin – associate producer
* George Butler – executive producer
* Mark Needham – recording engineer
* Don Hahn – remix engineer
* Bernie Grundman – mastering engineer

## Charts

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 30 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 19 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 30 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 7 |
| US Dance Club Songs (Billboard) | 27 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 41 |
# The Highest Science

The Highest Science is an original novel written by Gareth Roberts and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Seventh Doctor and Bernice and the first appearance of the recurring monsters, the Chelonians. A prelude to the novel, also penned by Roberts, appeared in Doctor Who Magazine #196.
The novel was going to be adapted into the 2009 Doctor Who Easter special, making this story, like Human Nature, an early "version" of a canonical television story; the concept was continually altered, however, resulting in "Planet of the Dead". The Chelonians were mentioned onscreen in the episode "The Pandorica Opens" as one of the Doctor's enemy species who have banded together to defeat him, suggesting that the events of the novel (like those of the television-acknowledged novel The Monsters Inside) have in fact happened.

## Publisher's Summary

Sakkrat. Many legends speak of this world, home of an ancient empire destroyed by its own greatest achievement: the Highest Science, the pinnacle of technological discovery.
When the TARDIS alerts the Doctor and Bernice to the presence of an enormous temporal fluctuation on a large, green, unremarkable planet, they are not to know of any connection with the legend.
But the connection is there, and it will lead them into conflict with the monstrous Chelonians, with their contempt for human parasites; into adventure with a group of youngsters whose musical taste has suddenly become dangerously significant; and will force them to face Sheldukher, the most wanted criminal in the galaxy.

## Chelonians

This novel sees the first appearance of the Chelonians, a race of cybernetic humanoid tortoises. They returned in Zamper and also featured in the Fourth Doctor missing adventure The Well-Mannered War, as well as in the short stories The Hungry Bomb, Fegovy, and The Body Bank, all by Gareth Roberts and published in, respectively, the Doctor Who Magazine Yearbook 1995, the anthology Decalog 3: Consequences, and the Doctor Who Storybook 2008. They are also mentioned in the New Adventures books Oh No It Isn't! and Beyond the Sun, featuring Bernice Summerfield. River Song listed the Chelonians amongst the races with fleets orbiting Earth in "The Pandorica Opens". The Chelonians are war-like, hermaphroditic and lay eggs. They have cybernetic enhancements that include X-ray vision and improved hearing, but this advanced state of technology often causes them to consider human-beings as a form of parasite to be removed.
Contrary to how they are depicted on the dust jacket art to this book and Zamper, they walk on all fours.

## Audio Adaptation

In December 2014 Big Finish Productions released an audio adaptation of the novel.
# When a Man Sees Red

When a Man Sees Red may refer to:
* When a Man Sees Red (1917 film), an American silent drama film
* When a Man Sees Red (1934 film), an American Western film
# When a Man Rides Alone (1919 film)

When a Man Rides Alone is a 1919 silent film directed by Henry King and starring William Russell as a Texas Ranger near the Mexican border. Jules Furthman, using the name Stephen Fox, was the screenwriter. Additional cast members include Carl Stockdale, Olga Grey, and Lule Warrenton.

## Gallery

* Still from the Exhibitors Herald showing a scene with William Russell and Olga Grey
* Still for the Exhibitors Herald showing a scene with Olga Grey, William Russell, and Lule Warrenton
# The Haters (film)

The Haters is a 2015 Armenian teen comedy-drama film directed by Annie Amirjanian and produced by Buddy Pictures. It will star Elmira Harutyunyan, Mary Stepanyan and Marianna Mkhchyan. The film is written by Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan. It is set to be released on August 1, 2015 by Buddy Pictures. Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan are the co-authors of the project.

## Plot

Sam's (Elmira Harutyunyan), a 15-16 year old teen best friend is Sarah (Mary Stepanyan) now. But Sam tells us that actually they weren't always friends. Only two months ago they even did not want to hear each other's names. Two months ago Sam and Sarah were invited to their mutual friend Marie's (Marianna Mkhchyan) birthday party. Though they were unpleasantly surprised meeting each other at Marie's birthday party, they decided to ignore each other and have fun. But they could not. Soon an unexpected thing happened and Marie told that all the guests had to leave the house because she had to go as soon as she could. Everybody left the house with Marie except for Sam and Sarah. They were left alone in the house accidentally. At first they weren't going on with each other but soon they found a common language.

## Cast

* Elmira Harutyunyan
* Mary Stepanyan
* Marianna Mkhchyan

## Production

On March 1, 2015, Elmira Harutyunyan entered to star in an untitled film which was to be directed by Annie Amirjanian. The film will be Amirjanian's and Harutyunyan's debut. Later on March 2 Marianna Mkhchyan joined the cast of the film which by then had been given the title The Haters. Mary Stepanyan joined the cast on June 24. All the other cast members joined the cast of The Haters later in June. Before Stepanyan joined the project it was planned Marianna Movsesyan to play Sarah. Movsesyan joined the cast on March 4 but in the end she did not come on board and the co-authors of the project decided to invite Stepanyan to play Sarah and soon she entered negotiations to star in The Haters.

## Filming

The start date for principal photography was announced on July 1, 2015 in Ajapnyak District, Yerevan, Armenia. Filming locations will include Nor-Nork 6th micro-district, Yerevan, Armenia. The Haters will be produced by Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan who are the founders of the Buddy pictures. Buddy Pictures is also the worldwide distributor of The Haters.

## Release

On June 20, 2015 Buddy Pictures set the film for an August 1, 2015 release.
# Laurent Gagnebin

Laurent Gagnebin is a philosopher and Protestant theologian born in Lausanne in 1939. He has been pastor of the Reformed Church of France in Paris in the Liberal Protestant congregations of the Oratory of the Louvre and the Temple protestant du Foyer de l'Âme [fr] from 1963 to 1981 and professor of practical theology at the Protestant Faculty of Theology in Paris.

## Works

* 1961: André Gide nous interroge (Cahiers de la Renaissance vaudoise [fr], Lausanne).
* 1963: Albert Camus dans sa lumière (Cahiers de la Renaissance Vaudoise, Lausanne).
* 1968: Simone de Beauvoir ou le refus de l'indifférence (Fischbacher).
* 1971: Quel Dieu ? (L'Âge d'homme).
* 1972: Connaître Sartre (Editions Resma-Centurion).
* 1978: Silence de Dieu-Parole humaine, le problème de la démythologisation (L'Âge d'Homme, Lausanne; collection "Alethina").
* 1987: Du Golgotha à Guernica: Foi et création artistique (Paris, les Bergers et les mages).
* 1987: Christianisme spirituel et christianisme social, la prédication de Wilfred Monod" (Genève, Labor et Fides).
* 1992: Le culte à chœur ouvert (Paris/Genève, Les Bergers et les Mages/Labor et Fides).
* 1994: Nicolas Berdiaeff ou de la destination créatrice de l'homme (L'Âge d'Homme, Lausanne).
* 1996: Pour un christianisme en fêtes (Paris, Église réformée de la Bastille).
* 1997: Le protestantisme (Paris, Flammarion (Dominos 122))
* 1999: Albert Schweitzer (Paris, Desclée de Brouwer)
* 2005: Le protestantisme, la foi insoumise (en collaboration avec Raphaël Picon) (Paris, Flammarion (champs 591))
* 2006: Le protestantisme: ce qu'il est, ce qu'il n'est pas (7e éd.)(Carrières-sous-Poissy, La Cause)
* 2006: La bénédiction du mariage (collection Edifier et Former, Edition Olivétan)
* 2009: L'athéisme nous interroge (Beauvoir, Camus, Gide, Sartre), éd. Van Dieren, Read online
# Laura García

Laura García may refer to:
* Laura García Benítez (born 1981), Spanish Paralympic judoka
* Laura García Dávila (born 1968), Mexican politician
* Laura Garcia Martinez (born 1991), Spanish trampolinist at the 2010 Trampoline World Championships
* Laura García-Caro (born 1995), Spanish racewalker
* Laura García-Godoy, Dominican Republic actress
* Laura Gallego García (born 1977), Spanish author
# Whenever You're Near Me

"Whenever You're Near Me" is the second single from Swedish group Ace of Base's third American record, Cruel Summer. The original version of the song, "Life Is a Flower", was a huge hit in Europe and Japan. The lyrics were rewritten by song composer Mike Chapman, and the song was released to radio stations in North and South America on October 6, 1998. This version peaked at number 76 in the United States and number 51 in Canada; it was the band's last charting hit in both countries.

## Critical reception

Larry Flick from Billboard wrote that the song "shows Ace Of Base revisiting the more familiar pop/reggae sound that made the group a top 40 favorite." He noted that the track "builds upon a bankable sound rather than mimicking it. The song has a decidedly more complex arrangement, which is rife with sunny Caribbean percussion and a sweet smattering of acoustic guitar/synth interplay." He also added that Jenny's and Linn's vocals are "notably more restrained here than on past singles, which allows the melody and chorus to work their contagious magic without vocal overkill. Downright irresistible, this cute single should saturate airwaves within seconds." Gary Shipes from The Stuart News noted in his review, that "Whenever You're Near Me" and "Adventures in Paradise" are pristine pop productions worthy of ABBA and Trevor Horn's '80s confections for Buggles, Dollar and Frankie Goes to Hollywood."

## Track listing

CD singles
* Whenever You're Near Me
* He Decides (Fisher Version aka American Album Version)
CD Maxi
* Whenever You're Near Me (Album Version)
* Whenever You're Near Me (Strobe's Radio Mix)
* Whenever You're Near Me (Strobe's Lollipop Mix)
* Whenever You're Near Me (Nikolas & Sibley Dance Radio Edit)
* Whenever You're Near Me (Nikolas & Sibley Dance Mix)
* Whenever You're Near Me (Strobe's Subway Mix)

## Official versions/remixes

* Album Version
* Giuseppe D.'s Radio Remix
* Giuseppe D.'s Radio Remix Instrumental
* Giuseppe D.'s Extended Remix
* Giuseppe D.'s Extended Remix Instrumental
* Nikolas & Sibley Dance Mix
* Nikolas & Sibley Dance Radio Edit
* Strobe's Radio Remix
* Strobe's Subway Mix
* Strobe's Lollipop Mix
* Strobe's Lollipop Mix Instrumental

## Charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 51 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 76 |
| US Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales (Billboard) | 12 |
# White Earth

White Earth/White Earths may refer to:

## United States

* White Earth, Minnesota, a census-designated place
* White Earth Indian Reservation in Minnesota
** White Earth Band of Ojibwe
* White Earth River (Minnesota)
* White Earth, North Dakota, a small city
* White Earth River (North Dakota)

## Entertainment

* The White Earth, a Miles Franklin Award-winning novel by Andrew McGahan
* White Earth (film), a documentary film nominated for an Academy Award
# The Hunger and Other Stories

The Hunger and Other Stories is the first collection of short stories by American writer Charles Beaumont, published in April 1957. A British edition was published in 1964 under the title Shadow Play. In 2013 Valancourt Books released the first new edition in nearly 50 years.

## Stories collected

| Title | Originally published in |
| "Miss Gentilbelle" | Previously unpublished |
| "The Vanishing American" | August 1955 issue of F&SF |
| "A Point of Honor" / "I'll Do Anything" | November 1955 issue of Manhunt |
| "Fair Lady" | Previously unpublished |
| "Free Dirt" | May 1955 issue of F&SF |
| "Open House" | Previously unpublished |
| "The Train" | Previously unpublished |
| "The Dark Music" | December 1956 issue of Playboy |
| "The Customers" | Previously unpublished |
| "Last Night in the Rain" / "Sin Tower" | October 1956 issue of Nugget |
| "The Crooked Man" | August 1955 issue of Playboy |
| "Nursery Rhyme" | Previously unpublished |
| "The Murderers" | February 1955 issue of Esquire |
| "The Hunger" | April 1955 issue of Playboy |
| "Tears of the Madonna" | Previously unpublished |
| "The Infernal Bouillabaisse" | Previously unpublished |
| "Black Country" | September 1954 issue of Playboy |

## Reception

Anthony Boucher praised Beaumont for his portrayal of "an eery uncertain world of unexpected terrors and betrayals," although he faulted the story selection in The Hunger for including "a few items weak in either concept or execution"; Boucher concluded, however, that the volume included "enough wholly admirable stories to make the book worth every reader's while."
# Johann Christian Gottlob Baumgarten

Johann Christian Gottlob Baumgarten (7 April 1765 – 29 December 1843) was a German physician and botanist who was a native of Luckau in Lower Lusatia.
He studied at the medical-surgical college in Dresden and at the University of Leipzig (from 1785), where he was a student of Johann Ehrenfried Pohl. While at Leipzig he performed field studies of its local flora, publishing the treatise "Flora Lipsiensis" in 1790. The same year he earned his philosophy degree, and in 1791 received his medical doctorate. Afterwards he furthered his studies of botany and medicine in Vienna.
In 1793 he travelled to Transylvania, where he undertook pioneer investigations of its flora. In 1794, he was named district medical officer in Leschkirch, and from 1801, performed a similar role in Schäßburg (today known as Sighişoara, Romania). From 1807 onward, he devoted all his time and energy to botanical research in Transylvania. In 1816, he published the first of a four-volume work on Transylvanian flora titled "Enumeratio stirpium Magno Transsilvaniae principatui" (1816–46).
A species of bellflower, Campanula baumgartenii, is named after Baumgarten. He is the taxonomic authority of the genera Telekia, Banffya, Candollea and Triodon as well as of numerous plant species.
# Marvin Schick

Marvin Schick (July 3, 1934 – April 23, 2020) was an American political scientist and constitutional law professor at Hunter College and the New School for Social Research. He was also known for his work in Jewish education.

## Career

Schick was a professor at Hunter College and New School for Social Research, where he taught political-science and constitutional law. He was president of the Rabbi Jacob Joseph School, for over 30 years, and was an educational consultant for the Avi Chai Foundation and has been described as an expert on Jewish Day Schools.
Schick founded National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA) in 1965, and served as its first president. He served in the second mayoral administration of NYC Mayor John V. Lindsay (1969–1973) (about which he wrote in 2000 "the first time ... and probably the last time") as liaison to the Jewish community and a Mayoral Spokesman and administrative assistant.
His writings have appeared in The Jewish Press and The Jewish Week.

## Personal

He was born the day before his twin brother Allen (by 15 minutes) on July 3, 1934, and died on April 23, 2020.
His father died before his 4th birthday. His mother, Rebbetzin Renee Schick, founded the Schick's Bakery in Boro Park in 1941, to help support her family.
# Tallmansville, West Virginia

Tallmansville is an unincorporated community in Upshur County, West Virginia, United States. The ZIP code of Tallmansville is 26237; its ZCTA had a population of 418 at the 2000 census.
The community of Tallmansville received its name, honoring their first postmaster Benjamin Tallman, in 1869. According to the Geographic Names Information System, the town has also had the toponyms Stroder and Strader Station in the past.
# Pierce-Arrow armoured lorry

The Pierce-Arrow armoured lorry was a heavy armoured car mounting a QF 3-pounder Vickers gun, it was used by the Royal Naval Air Service during the First World War.

## Design

The Pierce-Arrow armoured lorry was a turreted armoured lorry based on an imported American Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company 5-ton truck chassis with added armoured bodywork, it was armed with a turreted QF 3-pounder Vickers gun. The Pierce-Arrow had a front mounted engine protected by folding armoured panels, behind the engine was an enclosed driver's compartment a single two armoured shutter, the turret was behind the driver's compartment. The Pierce-Arrow armoured lorry used the same chassis as the Pierce-Arrow armoured AA lorry, it used identical bonnet armour as the latter whilst the driver's compartment was reduced to half width to allow the main gun to fire forwards.

## History

Construction of the two Pierce-Arrow armoured lorries was carried out by W. G. Allen & Sons in Tipton, who used 5⁄8 inch (15.9 mm) armoured plate for the fighting compartment, the turret turntables were manufactured by John Shearman & Co at Newport, Wales, where the RNAS had a depot to service armoured cars. The two vehicles were dispatched to Russia in 1916 with No 1 Squadron, Royal Naval Armoured Car Division under Commander Oliver Locker-Lampson for the expedition to Russia and the Causasus. Throughout the campaign the Pierce-Arrows provided heavy fire support to the lighter Lanchester armoured cars that made up the bulk of the force. In Russia the weight proved to be too heavy for the chassis so the turrets were removed, and the guns were mounted on a pedestal with a shield, and the hull sides were filled in with flat plates.
# Laurie Tully

Laurence John Tully (30 July 1917 – 27 June 1981) was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1946 until 1965. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP) .
Tully was born in Sydney and was the son of Jack Tully the member for Goulburn in the Legislative Assembly between 1925 and 1946. He was educated at St Patrick's College, Goulburn and the law faculty of the University of Sydney. He was called to the bar in 1942. During World War Two, he served with the Royal Australian Air Force. After an unsuccessful campaign in the seat of Temora in 1944, Tully was elected to the parliament as the Labor member for Goulburn at the 1946 by-election caused by the resignation of his father. Tully retained the seat for the Labor Party at the next 6 elections and retired from public life at the 1965 election. He later became a company director. He was briefly the Acting Chairman of Committees but did not hold any other party, parliamentary or ministerial office.