OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ras al-Fil

Ras al-Fil (Arabic: lit. 'head of the elephant') was a former governorate of the Christian Ethiopian state, located to the west of the river Atbara and Mätämma near the Ethiopian-Sudanese border.
Ras al-Fil seems to have been the principal market for gold on a caravan route between Gonder, Sinnar and Fung, often frequented by Säbärti as well as Sinnar merchants. It was a four day journey from Sinnar, and was considered one of the safest trade routes between the two countries. Though its territorial extent is unclear, Ras al-Fil once consisted of 39 villages.
After the military expedition of Atse Iyasu II and Ras Wäldä Léul against them, Ras al-Fil no longer paid tribute to Sinnar and became one of Ethiopia's frontier provinces. Most of its inhabitants were expert horsemen. At the time of James Bruce's visit, it was ruled by a Christian called Ato Kénfu. Bruce was offered a deputy governorship that he did not exercise actively owing to its unfavourable location. Badi IV and fled to sanctuary in Ethiopia, where Ras Mikael Sehul convinced Emperor Iyoas I to appoint him governor of the province of Ras al-Fil. After the 18th century, it seems to have belonged to the Qallabat sultanate.
# Taylor Edgar

Taylor Edgar, stand-up comic and musician, was born on July 12, 1987, in Sarasota, Florida. His parents lived in neighboring Bradenton, Florida, where at an early age he played tennis at the Nick Bollettieri Tennis Academy. At age nine, he moved with his mother and stepfather to Warrenton, Virginia, in Fauquier County, Once enrolled in college at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, he began his stand-up comedy career.

## Career

Taylor began his Stand-up comedy career doing open mics in the Washington, D.C., area in May, 2006 at clubs such as The Comedy Spot in Ballston, Virginia, and Wiseacre's in Tyson's Corner. In February 2007, he entered the preliminary round of the District's Funniest College Student Competition (run by the DC Improv) at GMU. Known victim of Male Pattern Balding of the Face (MPBF) and chronic dysmorphia of the face, he continued to push through with his career. After tying for first place, he moved on to the final round at the Improv and on April 11, 2007 he won first place in the final and was named the funniest college student in DC. He has since performed with local DC stars such as Ryan Conner, Tim Miller, and Danny Rouhier, as well as national headliners such as Brad Trackman, Joe Recca, Jon Reep, and Frank Caliendo. He has also had the opportunity to appear on stage as a guest with local rock band and longtime friends, The Sugar Plum Fairies
He continues to perform locally in DC and attends George Mason University full-time. He is majoring in anthropology
# Rashidpur, Raebareli

Rashidpur is a village in Dih block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 28 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 1,633 people, in 300 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities, as well as a sub post office, and it does not host a permanent market or a weekly haat. It belongs to the nyaya panchayat of Atawan.
The 1951 census recorded Rashidpur as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 785 people (385 male and 400 female), in 155 households and 150 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 823 acres. 42 residents were literate, all male. The village was listed as belonging to the pargana of Parshadepur and the thana of Salon.
The 1961 census recorded Rashidpur as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 772 people (348 male and 424 female), in 162 households and 158 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 823 acres.
The 1981 census recorded Rashidpur as having a population of 963 people, in 97 households, and having an area of 384.45 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.
The 1991 census recorded Rashidpur (as "Rasidpur") as having a total population of 1,089 people (597 male and 492 female), in 211 households and 211 physical houses. The area of the village was listed as 336 hectares. Members of the 0-6 age group numbered 178, or 16% of the total; this group was 61% male (108) and 39% female (70). Members of scheduled castes made up 26% of the village's population, while no members of scheduled tribes were recorded. The literacy rate of the village was 26% (224 men and 61 women). 413 people were classified as main workers (318 men and 95 women), while 1 person were classified as marginal workers (a woman); the remaining 675 residents were non-workers. The breakdown of main workers by employment category was as follows: 297 cultivators (i.e. people who owned or leased their own land); 105 agricultural labourers (i.e. people who worked someone else's land in return for payment); 1 worker in livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting, plantations, orchards, etc.; 0 in mining and quarrying; 1 household industry worker; 0 workers employed in other manufacturing, processing, service, and repair roles; 0 construction workers; 1 employed in trade and commerce; 0 employed in transport, storage, and communications; and 8 in other services.
# Rara tech

Rara tech is an electronic music subgenre that fuses the Afro-Haitian genre rara with house music. Haitian-style electronic dance music (EDM) in Haiti is often referred to as "HEDM" (Haitian electronic dance music). The origins of the genre and term was pioneered by Haitian artist, music producer, and DJ, Gardy Girault.
# Rationale (Rationale album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 72/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Clash | 7/10 |
| Mixmag | 8/10 |
| The Guardian | |
Rationale is the self-titled debut studio album by Zimbabwe-born British singer-songwriter Rationale. It was released on 13 October 2017 through Warner Music UK.

## Charts

Chart performance for Rationale :
| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 82 |
# Ration Blues

"Ration Blues" is a song written by Louis Jordan, Antonio Cosey, and Collenane Clark. It was performed by Louis Jordan and his Tympany Five, recorded in October 1943, and released on the Decca label (catalog no. 8654). The "B" side of the record was "Deacon Jones".

## Lyrics

The song's lyrics describe the inconveniences resulting from the U.S. government's wartime rationing of sugar, meat, jelly, rubber, gasoline, and other consumer products. It opens with the line: "Baby baby baby, what's wrong with Uncle Sam? He's cut down on my sugar, now he's messin' with my ham."

## Reception

The record found a public that related to the hardships imposed by rationing and jumped by February 1944 to No. 1 on both the country and R&B charts and No. 11 on the pop chart. On the Harlem Hit Parade, the song debuted on December 18, 1943, peaked at No. 1 on the Harlem Hit Parade, and remained on the chart for 21 weeks.

## Short film

The song was also performed by Louis and the Tympany Five in a short film titled Ration Blues (1944).
# Rautio (disambiguation)

Rautio is a village in Finland. The term may also refer to:
# Teatro Duse

The Teatro Duse is one of the oldest extant theaters in the city of Bologna, Italy. Located in the Palazzo del Giglio, the theatre's address is at 42 Via Cartoleria, 40124. Built by the engineer Antonio Brunetti, it opened as the Teatro Brunetti in 1822. In 1898 it was re-named for the actress Eleonora Duse. While more frequently used as a venue for plays during its history, the theatre has also presented other types of performance such as operas and concerts. The opera composer Guglielmo Zuelli conducted operas at the theatre in the mid to late 1880s. In the 1890s the conductor Antonino Palminteri was active as a resident opera conductor at the theatre. Gialdino Gialdini's opera I due soci premiered at the theatre on 24 February 1892.
# Tectarius viviparus

Tectarius viviparus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.
# Tectarius tectumpersicum

Tectarius tectumpersicum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.
# Tegula panamensis

Tegula panamensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tegulidae.

## Description

(Original description by Philippi) The height of the shell attains 15 mm, its diameter 19 mm. The solid shell has a globose-conoidal shape. It is umbilicate and transversely sulcate. Its color is brownish-red, almost wine-colored, marbled with white spots. The 5 to 6 whorls are separated by a deep suture. The upper ones are slightly, the penultimate, and the last strongly convex. The circumference is indistinctly angled. The whole upper surface is densely furrowed by blunt transverse sulci. The transverse sulci number about 10 on penultimate, 24 on the body whorl, including the base. The umbilicus is rather narrow, nearly cylindrical, encircled by a carina, above which a more prominent spiral rib revolves, which ends at the columella in three denticles. The very oblique aperture is circular. The columella is produced above in a lobe partly surrounding the umbilicus, below terminating in three denticles. The lip is thickened within, and this thickening where it unites with the columella, leaves a deep furrow resulting from the continuity of the margin of the outer lip with the border of the umbilicus. Above, the columella is continued in a lobe partly surrounding the umbilicus.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean from Nicaragua to Ecuador
# Raw (music magazine)

Raw Magazine was a British music magazine, which was published from 1988 until 1996. Established to rival Kerrang!, Raw focused on rock music for most of its history.

## Founding

Raw was founded in the summer of 1988 by Dante Bonutto, Malcolm Dome, Mark Putterford and Steve McTaggart and photographer Tony Mottram drafted in from Metal Hammer. They had come together on Metal Hammer magazine having split from Kerrang!, where Bonutto had been deputy-editor. The collective feeling there had been that Kerrang! was becoming too narrowly focused on heavy metal and that Metal Hammer would allow them more scope to explore other areas of rock music. This quickly proved not to be the case and the idea for a new magazine was born, a title that would be a true rock magazine, featuring heavy metal acts but not dominated by them.
To that end they teamed up with marketing man Pete Winkleman and created Raw alongside Phil Alexander, Kirk Blows, Dave Dickson, Dave Ling, Sylvie Simmons, Maura Sutton and Paul Suter, most of whom had also worked on Kerrang! under the byline of `RAW` Rock Alive Worldwide.
The first issue went on sale on 31 August that year, as a fortnightly publication, featuring Ozzy Osbourne on the cover tattooing the RAW logo on himself, photographed by Tony Mottram. RAW was based in London and steadily grew to become a serious rival to the more established Kerrang!.

## Acquisition by EMAP

But within the year, EMAP publications, having failed in their bid to take over Kerrang!, decided to acquire Raw instead. The idea, at that stage, remained that the new magazine could overcome the heavyweight Kerrang!, and that EMAP's money and publishing clout would allow the Raw team to achieve this. In the end, though, EMAP simply bought Kerrang! wholesale.
The original Raw magazine, the staff, writers and photographers, remained largely intact, with the addition of Liz Evans, until the end of 1989 when Dante Bonutto announced he was leaving. He had been poached as an A&R man by East West Records. The EMAP-appointed publishing director, David Hepworth, was assigned to find a new editor, and Dave Henderson was appointed.

## Decline and discontinuation

The beginning of 1990 ushered in a new regime and Raw established itself as a viable alternative to Kerrang!, with a fresh, more contemporary editorial approach, championing bands such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, Hole, L7 and Alice in Chains, alongside the more traditional rock stable. However, as soon as Kerrang! became part of the EMAP stable of publications, Raw's survival, like Sounds, no longer mattered and despite changes of editor and editorial policy, making Raw a Britpop magazine in December 1995, among the proliferation of music magazines during the 1990s, eventually it folded. The magazine published its last issue on 13 March 1996.

## Television programme

In 1990, a weekly television programme named Raw Power was launched to accompany the magazine. It later changed its name to Noisy Mothers and was defunct in late 1995.
# Ratasa

Ratasa is a monotypic snout moth genus described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1849. It contains only one species, Ratasa alienalis, described by Eduard Friedrich Eversmann in 1844, which is found in Russia.
# Ray Lissner

Ray Lissner (January 10, 1903 – April 28, 1944) was an American filmmaker who worked during the end of the silent era into the beginning of sound films. He spent his entire career as an assistant director, working with such directors such as Herbert Brenon, Charles Vidor, George Archainbaud, and Otto Brower.

## Life and career

Born in New York City in 1903, he began his career in movies with the 1926 silent classic, The Great Gatsby, assisting Herbert Brenon. He would work with Brenon more than any other director, collaborating with him on twelve films. Some other notable films Lissner worked on were: the original Beau Geste in 1926 (again with Brenon); Flying Down to Rio, the first film teaming Ginger Rogers and Fred Astaire; and The Gay Divorcee, again with Astaire and Rogers.
Lissner would die in 1944 at the age of 41.

### Filmography

(as per AFI's database)
| Year | Title | Role | Silent (S)/Talkie (T) |
| 1926 | The Great Gatsby | Assistant Director | S |
| 1926 | Beau Geste | Assistant Director | S |
| 1927 | God Gave Me Twenty Cents | Assistant Director | S |
| 1927 | The Potters | Assistant Director | S |
| 1927 | Sorrell and Son | Assistant Director | S |
| 1928 | Laugh, Clown, Laugh | Assistant Director | S |
| 1929 | The Rescue | Assistant Director | S & T |
| 1930 | The Case of Sergeant Grischa | Assistant Director | S & T |
| 1930 | Lummox | Assistant Director | T |
| 1931 | Beau Ideal | Assistant Director | T |
| 1931 | Transgression | Assistant Director | T |
| 1931 | The Gay Diplomat | Assistant Director | T |
| 1932 | Girl of the Rio | Assistant Director | T |
| 1932 | Penguin Pool Murder | Assistant Director | T |
| 1933 | Headline Shooter | Assistant Director | T |
| 1933 | Cross Fire | Assistant Director | T |
| 1933 | Flying Down to Rio | Assistant Director | T |
| 1934 | Red Morning | Assistant Director | T |
| 1934 | The Meanest Gal in Town | Assistant Director | T |
| 1934 | George White's Scandals | Assistant Director | T |
| 1934 | Wednesday's Child | Assistant Director | T |
| 1934 | Where Sinners Meet | Assistant Director | T |
| 1934 | The Gay Divorcee | Second Unit Director | T |
| 1935 | Peter Ibbetson | Second Unit Director | T |
| 1936 | The Return of Sophie Lang | Assistant Director | T |
| 1936 | Lady Be Careful | Assistant Director | T |
| 1936 | Wedding Present | Assistant Director | T |
| 1937 | Her Husband Lies | Assistant Director | T |
| 1937 | She's No Lady | Assistant Director | T |
| 1937 | The Great Gambini | Assistant Director | T |
| 1937 | John Meade's Woman | Assistant Director | T |
| 1937 | A Doctor's Diary | Assistant Director | T |
# Ratibida

Ratibida is a genus of North American plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. Members of the genus are commonly known as prairie coneflowers or mexican-hat.

## Species

There are 7 species:
* Ratibida coahuilensis B.L.Turner - Coahuila
* Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl. – upright prairie coneflower - widespread in Canada, United States, and northeastern Mexico
* Ratibida latipalearis E.L.Richards - Chihuahua
* Ratibida mexicana (S.Watson) W.M.Sharp - Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora
* Ratibida peduncularis (Torr. & A.Gray) Barnhart – naked prairie coneflower - Louisiana, Texas
* Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart – pinnate prairie coneflower - Ontario, eastern + central United States (primarily Great Lakes + Mississippi Valley)
* Ratibida tagetes (E.James) Barnhart – short-ray prairie coneflower - Chihuahua, United States (desert southwest, western Great Plains)
# Ratibad (census code 482517)

Ratibad is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Huzur tehsil and the Phanda block. Radharaman Institute Of Technology & Science, Patel College of Science & Technology and Sagar Institute of Science and Technology campuses are located here.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Ratibad has 327 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 81.32%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 1740 | 921 | 819 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 252 | 136 | 116 |
| Scheduled caste | 275 | 144 | 131 |
| Scheduled tribe | 41 | 23 | 18 |
| Literates | 1210 | 694 | 516 |
| Workers (all) | 535 | 429 | 106 |
| Main workers (total) | 398 | 348 | 50 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 89 | 85 | 4 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 12 | 10 | 2 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 29 | 18 | 11 |
| Main workers: Other | 268 | 235 | 33 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 137 | 81 | 56 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 10 | 3 | 7 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 58 | 34 | 24 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 11 | 6 | 5 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 58 | 38 | 20 |
| Non-workers | 1205 | 492 | 713 |
# Rayanapadu

Rayanapadu is a residential hub located in western part of Vijayawada in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It falls under Vijayawada Rural mandal in Vijayawada revenue division of NTR district. Guntupalli Railway Wagon Workshop is located at a distance of 3.5 km from here. There is a proposal to merge this place into Vijayawada Municipal Corporation (VMC) to form a Greater Vijayawada Municipal Corporation.

## Demographics

As of 2011 census, the village had a population of 3,504. The total population constitute, 1,742 males, 1,762 females and 323 children in the age group of 0–6 years. The sex ratio stands at 1012 females per 1000 males and the average literacy rate is 79.13% with 2,517 literates, significantly higher than the state average of 67.41%.

## Transport

Rayanapadu railway station is a satellite railway station of Vijayawada. It lies on the Kazipet–Vijayawada section.
# Ten Thousand Miles in the Southern Cross

Ten Thousand Miles in the Southern Cross is a 1922 New Zealand travelogue made by George Tarr during a 1922 voyage in the South Pacific. Most shots are of indigenous tribes e.g. ritual dances, though one is of a bishop in full canonical regalia, presumably at a Melanesian mission. Most of the shots are wide shots, with less than 10% close-ups, including one of a small child smoking a cigarette with tears running down his cheeks.
Originally thought lost, 16 minutes of the film were found in Australia in 1995. This part was shot in the Solomon Islands and four other Melanesian locations. On a poster the title is “10,000 miles in the S.Y. Southern Cross” (S.Y. presumably for Steam Yacht), and says “A wonderful trip to the sea girt islands of the Western Pacific”. Sam Edwards says “Tarr’s images leave the viewer with a satisfying sense both of freshness and enlightenment”.
# Telicomys

Telicomys is an extinct genus of rodent from the Solimões Formation, Brazil, South America.

## Description

This rodent weighed approximately 200–500 kg (440–1,100 lb). With a length of more than 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in T. gigantissimus, it contains two or three of the largest rodents that ever lived, along with Phoberomys, Josephoartigasia, and the giant beaver. It is part of the same South American radiation of rodents as both Phoberomys and the modern capybara, which is the largest living rodent, reaching lengths of up to 1.35 m (4 ft 5 in). The closest living relative to Telicomys is the pacarana.
Its name derives from Greek τηλικος + μυς = "a mouse [= rodent] of such a size".
# LGU

LGU may refer to:
* Ladies' Golf Union, UK
* Lahore Garrison University, Punjab, Pakistan
* Land-grant university, a type of university in the United States
* Lebanese German University, Jounieh
* Logan-Cache Airport, Utah, US, IATA code
* Former London Guildhall University, UK
* Leningrad State University, Ленинградский государственный университет (Лгу)/Leningradsky gosudarstvenny universitet (LGU)
* Local government unit
* LG U+, a South Korean mobile network operator
# Word Salad (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Smash Hits | (favourable) |
Word Salad is a 1979 debut album by Fischer-Z. John Watts and Steve Skolnik formed the band in 1976 whilst at Brunel University. John Watts had been travelling up and down the country playing the club circuit. Fischer-Z was playing a crossover of the new wave, punk and reggae genres. In 1978, the band secured a record deal with United Artists, alongside the Buzzcocks, The Stranglers and Dr. Feelgood.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by John Watts; except where noted.
* "Pretty Paracetamol" (also known as: "First Impressions", but this name doesn't usually feature on the CD releases) – 3:57
* "Acrobats" (Watts, David Graham) – 2:42
* "The Worker" – 3:36
* "Spiders" (Watts, Steve Skolnik) – 1:42
* "Remember Russia" – 3:29
* "The French Let Her" (Watts, Steve Skolnik) – 3:21
* "Lies" – 3:57
* "Wax Dolls" – 2:46
* "Headlines" – 3:21
* "Nice to Know" – 2:52
* "Billy and the Motorway Police" (Watts, David Graham) – 2:11
* "Lemmings" (Watts, Steve Skolnik) – 3:02

## Personnel
### Fischer-Z

* John Watts - lead vocals, guitar
* Steve Skolnik - keyboards, vocals
* David Graham - bass guitar
* Steve Liddle - drums, percussion

### Technical

* Gary Edwards, Aldo Bocca - recording engineer
* John Pasche - art direction, design
* John Wedge - photography
# Middletown United Methodist Church

The Middletown United Methodist Church is a historic church at Madison and Main Streets in Middletown, Kentucky. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
The church was established in 1800. The second building was built in 1899 by William Benjamin Wood, a local builder. It is a brick structure on a stone foundation.
The parish is now located in a newer building on Old Shelbyville Road.
A sign on the lawn in 2014 identified the building as the Middletown Community Center (per photo).
# Sanjay Srivastava

Professor Sanjay Srivastava is a sociologist. He is currently at the Department of Anthropology and Sociology, SOAS University of London. He is visiting fellow at many institutions, including the Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi, India.

## Education

Professor Srivastava completed Ph.D. in Social Anthropology from the University of Sydney in 1994.
# Kyrre Nakkim

Kyrre Nakkim (born 18 March 1966) is a Norwegian journalist.
He is currently political editor of the evening news Dagsrevyen, aired on the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. As such he appears on-screen as a news analyst on domestic political affairs. He has formerly worked with commentary in Dagsavisen.
Kyrre Nakkim is the son of Kjellaug Nakkim, a Conservative politician from Moss and former chair of the Broadcasting Council in Norway.
# Vandalia Correctional Center

The Vandalia Correctional Institution is a minimum-security state prison for men located in Vandalia, Fayette County, Illinois, owned and operated by the Illinois Department of Corrections.
The facility was first opened in 1921.
In 2011 the prison watchdog group John Howard Association released a report highly critical of conditions at Vandalia. In response prison officials denied the facility was overcrowded, despite 1700 inmates living in a facility approved to hold about 1,100.
# Shoys, U.S. Virgin Islands

Shoys is a settlement on the island of Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands.