OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Preamble to the Constitution of Georgia (U.S. state)

The Preamble to the Georgia State Constitution is a brief introductory statement of the fundamental purposes and guiding principles which the Constitution is meant to serve. It expresses in general terms the intentions of its authors and is sometimes referred by the courts.

## Text

   To perpetuate the principles of free government, insure justice to all, preserve peace, promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and of the family, and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty, we the people of Georgia, relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

## Meaning and application

The Preamble does not assign any powers to the state government or provide specific limitations on government action. Despite the limited nature of the Preamble it has been cited in the courts. For example, the Preamble was cited in the cases of Roberts v. Ravenwood Church of Wicca, Dixon v. Dixon, Clabough v. Rachwal and Arnold v. Arnold.

### Judicial relevance
#### Examples

An instance of the courts utilizing the Preamble to the Constitution is Roberts v. Ravenwood Church of Wicca 249 Ga. 348 (1982). The case concerned an ad valorem tax dispute between Fulton County's tax authority and the Ravenwood Church of Wicca. Primarily, this issue was centered around the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment regarding whether or not the Ravenwood Church of Wicca was a religion and, thus, exempt from the ad valorem tax. The majority of the justices concurred, barring Chief Justice C.J. Jordan and Justice J. Clarke. The former based his dissent on the portion of the Preamble which states "relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God" and went on to define God as "the Being perfect in power, wisdom and goodness whom men worship as creator and ruler of the universe."
In the case of Dixon v. Dixon, 183 Ga. 756 (1987) the portion of the Preamble stating, "promote the interest and happiness ... of the family" was cited in a dissent by Judge J. Beasley. Dixon v. Dixon was a child custody case wherein the mother was allegedly "cohabiting with a man to whom she is not married while the child is living with her," and the father sought custody based on her actions. The majority assent claimed that there was enough evidence to warrant a change of custody. However, Judge Beasley's dissent focused on his opinion that the evidence gathered concerning such cohabitation was "speculative".
Arnold v. Arnold, 189 Ga. App. 101 (1988), was a case concerning parental immunity, as it applied to the family immunity doctrine, brought before the Coweta Superior Court. In Arnold v. Arnold, the question of whether one sibling could legally sue another was asked and the portion of the Preamble stating "To ... promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and of the family, ... we the people of Georgia ... do ordain and establish this Constitution" was quoted in reference to an earlier case, Clabough v. Rachwal. The court found that, in this case, the family immunity doctrine was not applicable.
# La Gaiba Lake

Laguna La Gaiba is a lake in the Ángel Sandoval Province, Bolivia and Mato Grosso, Brazil.
* This Santa Cruz Department location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# UBE2L3

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 (UBE2L3), also called UBCH7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2L3 gene. As an E2 enzyme, UBE2L3 participates in ubiquitination to target proteins for degradation. The role of UBE2L3 in the ubiquitination of the NF-κB precursor implicated it in various major autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), celiac disease, Crohn's disease (CD), and systemic lupus erythematosus.

## Structure
### Gene

The UBE2L3 gene is located at chromosome 22q11.21, consisting of 6 exons. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.

### Protein

There are 38 E2 enzymes in humans. They all contain a conserved catalytic core domain that interacts with E1 and E3 and many E2s possess additional N- and/or C-terminal protein sequences. In contrast to other E2s, residues necessary for lysine reactivity are absent: the D87 and D117 residues (in UBCH5C numbering) are replaced by Pro and His residues.

## Function

The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s). E2s play a key role in the whole ubiquitin (Ub) transfer pathway and are responsible for Ub cellular signaling. Unlike many E2s that transfer Ub with RINGs, UBE2L3 has E3-independent reactivity with lysine. This enzyme is demonstrated to participate in the ubiquitination of p53, c-Fos, and the NF-κB precursor p105 in vitro. UBE2L3 is primarily known for its role in the cell cycle. Specifically, UBE2L3 manages cell cycle regulatory protein levels via the ubiquitin proteolytic pathway (UPP) during the G1/S transition and during the actual S phase.

## Clinical significance

Through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), UBE2L3 has been associated with several autoimmune diseases, including RA, celiac disease, CD, and SLE via the ubiquitination of the NK-κB precursor. This association was observed in European, Asian, and African-American populations. UBE2L3 has been linked to natural killer cell cytotoxic function, and high UBE2L3 levels had contributed to clearing chronic HBV infection. UBE2L3 controls the protein stability of 53BP1 and determines the DNA double-strand break repair choice. Loss of UBE2L3 stabilizes 53BP1 and force cells to choose NHEJ to repair DNA double-strand break. Repair by NHEJ leads to radial chromosomes and cell death. UBE2L3 depletion may become a novel strategy in enhancing the effect of anticancer therapies. The haplotype of UBE2L3 gene is also reported associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a Chinese Han population.(27094594)

## Interactions

UBE2L3 has been shown to interact with:
* ARIH1,
* ARIH2,
* CBL,
* CHEK1,
* NEDD4,
* PARK2,
* SMURF2,
* TNFAIP3,
* TNFSF4,
* TNIP1,
* TRAF6,
* UBE3A,
* UBE3A, and
* UBOX5.
# Literary activism

Literary activism is a form of protest and critique aimed at corporate publishing houses and the literary fiction/nonfiction that they publish. The progenitors of literary activism are the members of the Underground Literary Alliance. This group of writers is notorious for its protests, which have included making formal complaints against Guggenheim grants given to already-wealthy authors, crashing New York literary readings, and maintaining a website which reports weekly on the perceived corruption and lack of integrity of the current literary world.
Acts of literary activism can also include editing and bringing out writers' work in online and print journals and through book publishers, reading and reviewing that work, writing essays about it, teaching it, talking it up, urging others to launch journals and indies presses, running reading series, laboring in arts administration, coordination innovative writing conferences, launching local writing groups, posting about authors and texts they love on their blogs or via other social networking sites.
# Roy Clark (police officer)

Roy Clark CBE QPM is a former Metropolitan Police Deputy Assistant Commissioner and head of Scotland Yard's Anti-Corruption Squad. Upon retiring from the Metropolitan Police, Clark became Director of Crimestoppers UK, then Director of Investigations at the Independent Police Complaints Commission. He was the Director of Criminal Investigations for HM Revenue and Customs from its formation in 2005 until 2011.
Clark was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2009 Birthday Honours.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "No. 59090". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 June 2009. p. 7.
* This biography article about law enforcement in the United Kingdom is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Miter joint

A miter joint (mitre in British English) is a joint made by cutting each of two parts to be joined, across the main surface, usually at a 45° angle, to form a corner, usually to form a 90° angle, though it can comprise any angle greater than 0 degrees. It is called beveling when the angled cut is done on the side, although the resulting joint is still a miter joint.
For woodworking, a disadvantage of a miter joint is its weakness, but it can be strengthened with a spline (a thin wafer of wood inserted into a slot, usually arranged with the long grain of the spline across the short grain of the frame timber). There are two common variations of a splined miter joint, one where the spline is long and runs the length of the mating surfaces and another where the spline is perpendicular to the joined edges.
Common applications include picture frames, pipes, and molding.

## Non-perpendicular joints

For miter joints occurring at angles other than 90°, for materials of the same cross-section the proper cut angle must be determined so that the two pieces to be joined meet flush (i.e. one piece's mitered end is not longer than the adjoining piece). To find the cut angle divide the angle at which the two pieces meet by two. Technically, two different cut angles are required; one for each piece, where the second angle is 90° plus the aforementioned cut angle, but due to angular limitations in common cutting implements (hand circular saws, table saws) a single angle is required and is used to cut the first piece in one direction and the second piece in the opposite direction.
# John S. Lesmeister

John Steven Lesmeister (October 3, 1955 – February 28, 2006) was a North Dakota politician who served as the 30th North Dakota State Treasurer from 1981 to 1984.

## Biography

Lesmeister was born in Dickinson, North Dakota, and grew up in Halliday, North Dakota, where he was graduated from high school in 1973.
After earning a history and English degree four years later from the University of Mary in Bismarck, North Dakota, he sold real estate and was Mary's admissions coordinator before he ran for state treasurer. He won the Republican endorsement in 1980 at age 25.
A Republican, Lesmeister was elected state treasurer in 1980, narrowly defeating incumbent Democrat Bob Hanson. Hanson ran against Lesmeister four years later and ousted him in another close race.
After the loss, Lesmeister ran unsuccessfully for state labor commissioner in 1986—it was an elected office at the time—and briefly sought Republican support two years later to run for secretary of state.
He moved to Fargo, North Dakota, in 1990, where he worked at Innovis Health and as a substitute teacher.
Lesmeister died in Fargo, North Dakota, on February 28, 2006, of natural causes.
# La casa

La casa (Spanish: "The House") is a 1954 novel by Argentine writer Manuel Mujica Lainez.
It tells the story of a family living in a stately Buenos Aires mansion from the heyday of Argentina's oligarchy in the 1880s to some time in the post-1946 period, the era of Peronist populism, seen typically as incarnating the end of History, the crisis of modern civilization.
The House constitutes not only the narrator but the real protagonist: its inhabitants (including two ghosts) and the encircling wolves are perceived as actors within a living structure, a living structure that never ceases to die.
This novel is a key link in Mujica Lainez's Buenos Aires cycle.
# Santa Lucía District, Lucanas

Santa Lucía District is one of twenty-one districts of the province Lucanas in Peru.
# Type 2

Type 2 or Type II may refer to:
* Type II, a Japanese submachine gun
* Type 2 12 cm Mortar, a Japanese weapon
* Type 2 20 mm AA machine cannon, a Japanese weapon
* Type 2 AT mine
* Type 2 cannon, a 30 mm Japanese weapon
* Type 2 encryption
* Type II female genital mutilation
* Type-2 Gumbel distribution
* Type 2 Ho-I, a Japanese tank
* Type 2 Ka-Mi, a Japanese tank
* Type II keratin
* Type II error used in statistics for a "false negative" error
* Type II lattice
* Type II string theory
* Type-II superconductor
* Type II supernova
* Type 2 sequence
* Activin type 2 receptors
* Atelosteogenesis, type II
* Belgian State Railways Type 2, a class of 0-6-0 locomotives built 1874–1884
* British Railways Type 2 Diesel locomotives
* Diabetes mellitus type 2
* German Type II submarine
* Glutaric acidemia type 2
* Glycogen storage disease type II
* Hyper-IgM syndrome type 2
* Hyperfinite type II factor
* Type 2 connector, used for charging electric vehicles
* IEC 62196 Type 2 connector type (alias Mennekes Type 2)
* JDBC type 2 driver
* Kawanishi H8K, Type 2 flying boat (code named Emily)
* Motorola Type II
* Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
* Neurofibromatosis type II
* R-Type II
* Type I and type II errors
* Type II civilization, an advanced civilization on the Kardashev scale.
* Volkswagen Type 2 (T3)
* Volkswagen Type 2
* Peugeot Type 2
* IEC Type II, one of the four "type" classifications of audio cassette formulation
Type 2 may also refer to
* Albinism
* Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
* Type-2 language in the Chomsky hierarchy of formal languages, a.k.a. context-free language
* Compact Font Format
* CompactFlash
* Cyclic permutation
* Dbx (noise reduction)
* Gaucher's disease
* Hypersensitivity
* PC Card
* Second-degree atrioventricular block
* Spinal muscular atrophy
* Topoisomerase
* Usher syndrome
* Von Willebrand disease
# Literary and Historical Society

Literary and Historical Society may refer to:
* Literary and Historical Society (University College Dublin) a debating society at University College Dublin, Ireland
* Literary and Historical Society of Quebec, a learned society in Quebec, Canada
# Gene Simmons (disambiguation)

Gene Simmons (born 1949) is an Israeli-American musician, singer, and songwriter.
Gene Simmons may also refer to:
* Jumpin' Gene Simmons (1937–2006), American rockabilly singer and songwriter
* Ronald Gene Simmons (1940–1990), American spree killer
# John S. Macdonald

John S. Macdonald may refer to:
* John Sandfield Macdonald, first Premier of Ontario
* Harry Macdonough (John Scantlebury Macdonald), Canadian singer and recording executive of the early 20th century
* John S. MacDonald, Canadian engineer and businessman
* John Smyth Macdonald (1867–1941), British physiologist
# Oyon

Oyon may refer to:
* Oyón Province, a province of the Lima Region, Peru
* Oyón, Peru, the capital of Oyón province, Peru
* Oyón-Oion, a municipality in Álava province, Spain
# Prejba River

Prejba River may refer to the following rivers in Romania:
* Prejba, a tributary of the Sadu in Sibiu County
* Prejba, a tributary of the Lotrioara in Sibiu County
# Terrine (food)

A terrine (French pronunciation:), in traditional French cuisine, is a loaf of forcemeat or aspic, similar to a pâté, that is cooked in a covered pottery mold (also called a terrine) in a bain-marie. Modern terrines do not necessarily contain meat or animal fat, but still contain meat-like textures and fat substitutes, such as mushrooms and pureed fruits or vegetables high in pectin. They may also be cooked in a wide variety of non-pottery terrine moulds, such as stainless steel, aluminium, enameled cast iron, and ovenproof plastic.
Terrines are usually served cold or at room temperature. Most terrines contain a large amount of fat, although it is often not the main ingredient, and pork; many terrines are made with typical game meat, such as pheasant and hare. In the past, terrines were under the province of professional charcutiers, along with sausages, pâtés, galantines, and confit. Less commonly, a terrine may be another food cooked or served in the cooking dish called a 'terrine'.
# Ucha (disambiguation)

Ucha is a Portuguese parish.
Ucha may also refer to:

## People

* Ucha Gogoladze
* Ucha Japaridze
* Ucha Lobjanidze
* Gonzalo Ucha
* Julius Ucha
* Ladhana Ucha

## Places

* Ucha, a Portuguese parish
* Ucha (river)
* Ucha, Kapurthala
* Ucha, Sultanpur Lodhi
* Ucha Pind
* Ceiriog Ucha

## Other uses

* University Cooperative Housing Association (UCHA)
* Ucha, a character in the Tokyo Mew Mew manga series
# Johnny Jones Exposition

The Johnny Jones Exposition was a traveling railroad show of midway entertainment stages, rows of concessions and amusement rides and one of the largest collective amusements in the United States.

## Show details

The Johnny J. Jones Exposition traveled to fairgrounds throughout the continental United States and Canada for over 50 years. The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus was the only show in America that was bigger than the Johnny Jones Exposition. The Johnny J. Jones Exposition was founded by Johnny J. Jones, a prominent showman in the America's carnival industry, and headquartered in DeLand, Florida. Jones began his carnival enterprises in 1895 and the Johnny J. Jones Exposition was managed by the Jones family until 1951 when the IRS seized and sold the equipment for taxes.
# Ozark Mountain American Viticultural Area

The Ozark Mountain AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in northwest Arkansas, southern Missouri, and northeast Oklahoma. The sixth largest American Viticultural Area in total size, Ozark Mountain AVA covers 3,520,000 acres (1,424,493 ha). Four smaller AVAs have been established within its boundaries, to recognize those distinct regions whose climate, vineyard soil, or other growing conditions create unique areas for viticulture. The hardiness zone in the region varies from 6a to 7b.
# Prejean

Prejean or Préjean is a surname of French origin. The name is most common in southwest Louisiana, where it might have arrived from French Canada.
In France, the name is thought to have originated in the region of Burgundy, in the East of France. It is sometimes mistakenly derived from pré de Jean, "John’s meadow", but a more reasonable derivation is from the Old French Prod Jean, "Brave John", or possibly prod gent, of brave or virtuous family.
Notable people named Prejean include:
* Albert Préjean (1894-1979), French actor
* Carrie Prejean (born 1987), model and beauty queen
* Dalton Prejean (1959–1990), murderer
* Helen Prejean (born 1939), religious sister and advocate for the abolition of the death penalty
* Kawaipuna Prejean (1943–1992), Hawaiian nationalist
* Laura Préjean (born 1977), voice actress
# War Eagle (Dakota Leader)

War Eagle (Dakota: Waŋbdí Okíčhize; c. 1785 - Autumn 1851) was a Dakota-born tribal chief of the Yankton Sioux Tribe.

## Life

Little is known of War Eagle's early life in regard to his birthplace and the dating of his birth, however historians estimate that he was born around 1785 in present-day Minnesota or Wisconsin. In his early years, War Eagle left his own tribe, the Santee, to avoid bloodshed in a fight as to who would be chief.
As a young man, War Eagle spent considerable time working among the white Americans. During the War of 1812, he carried messages for the United States government, and worked among the native peoples to promote the cause of the United States against the British. He worked as a riverboat guide on the upper Mississippi and also served as a messenger for the American Fur Company on the Missouri.
After marrying in Minnesota around 1830, he was adopted into the Yankton Sioux tribe. He and his wife had four girls and three boys. By the mid-1830s, he had been elected a chief of the tribe, and traveled to Washington, D.C., with other tribal leaders to negotiate peace treaties. War Eagle was especially proud of a silver Peace Medal given to him by President Martin Van Buren in 1837.
Two of his daughters, Dawn and Blazing Cloud, married Theophile Bruguier, a trader with the American Fur Company who had also been accepted into the Yankton tribe and had traveled with them for several years. According to one tradition, Bruguier told War Eagle about a dream he had of a place where two mighty rivers joined near a high bluff. War Eagle told Bruguier he had been to that place and would show it to him. In fact, both men had likely passed by this place many times in their fur trading voyages between St. Louis, Missouri and Fort Pierre.
Bruguier claimed the land near the confluence of the Big Sioux and Missouri rivers. In 1849, he built a log cabin, and with his two wives settled the land and traded with the Indians. His house is considered the first white settlement in what would shortly become Sioux City, Iowa.
Sometime during autumn in 1851, War Eagle died and was buried on top of the high bluff overlooking the confluence of the Big Sioux and Missouri. Other members of his family are also buried there, including Dawn and Blazing Cloud.

## Legacy

Today, the bluff is part of War Eagle Park in Sioux City, Iowa. A monument was constructed in his honor with a steel statue depicting him with the eagle feather bonnet and ceremonial pipe, symbolizing his brave leadership and his commitment to peace. Housing projects on the east base of the bluff also bear his name.
# Turbolidium franciscoi

Turbolidium franciscoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Ultimate Motorsport

Ultimate Motorsport was a British racing team who completed in the British Formula 3 Championship and the World Series by Renault Championship. The team closed near the end of the 2009 season.

## History

The team were formed in 2007 and was headed by Barry Walsh. He enlisted 2 ex McLaren personnel, Jonny Ostrowski and Colin Morgan to set up and run the team in the 2007 British Formula 3 Championship. At the end of the year they joined forces with the French outfit Signature-Plus to create Ultimate Signature, to run in the World Series by Renault in 2008.
The team had considerable financial backing from the Angolan oil company Sonangol, who have helped to create the Ultimate Motorsport Academy, which aims to take young drivers from karting up to Formula One, passing through various formulae such as Formula BMW, Formula Three and World Series by Renault.

### 2008

The team began the season with two Brazilian drivers, long-time Formula Three racer Fabio Carbone and Claudio Cantelli, who graduated from the International Formula Master series. After a slow start to the season, which saw the team take one point from the first three rounds, Cantelli was replaced by Argentine Esteban Guerrieri, who was promoted from the Ultimate Motorsport British Formula 3 team.
At the fifth round of the season in Hungary, Carbone took the team's first podium position with third place in the sprint race, and the following day he won their first race after starting from Pole position. Carbone took two further victories at the Nürburgring and Estoril to finish third in the standings behind Julien Jousse and champion Giedo van der Garde.
After starting the feature race at Le Mans on pole, Guerrieri finished in third place to claim his first podium position before going on to win the final race of the season at Barcelona. He finished eighth in the championship despite missing the first five races of the season.
After securing eight podiums over the course of the year, Ultimate Signature finished their début season in a superb second place in the Teams' championship.

### 2009

For the 2009 the team signed Spanish driver Miguel Molina and British driver Greg Mansell son of former Formula One world champion, Nigel Mansell, Molina scored 3 podium finishes during the season, while Mansell scored only 4 points. Just before the Nürburgring rounds, the team lost its Sonangol backing and Mansell also decided to leave the team, and as a result the team were forced to withdraw from the Championship.

### World Series by Renault results

T.C. :
| 2008 | Dallara T08 Renault | Fabio Carbone | 17 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 97 | 3rd | 2nd |
| 2008 | Dallara T08 Renault | Claudio Cantelli | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 28th* | 2nd |
| 2008 | Dallara T08 Renault | Esteban Guerrieri | 12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 62 | 8th | 2nd |
* Cantelli's points were scored with the RC Motorsport team