OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ursula Niebuhr

Ursula Mary Niebuhr (née Keppel-Compton; August 3, 1907 – January 10, 1997) was an English American academic and theologian. She was the founder and longtime head of the Department of Religion at Barnard College in New York City, USA.
She was born in Southampton, England. After graduation from the University of Oxford with double Firsts in history and theology, she became the first woman to win a fellowship to the Union Theological Seminary in New York, USA.

## Marriage

In 1931, Ursula, the younger daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Keppel-Compton of Woodhall Spa in Lincolnshire, England and Rapallo in northern Italy, married Reinhold Niebuhr in Winchester, England. The couple made New York City their home during the majority of their 40 years together. The Niebuhrs had two children, Christopher and Elisabeth (later Sifton). The marriage, which lasted until his death in 1971, was said to have been marked by theological debates. Ursula left evidence in her professional papers at the Library of Congress showing that she co-authored some of her husband's later writings.

## Career

As a lay minister in the 1930s, she was preaching in Anglican churches and raising questions about the role of women in the church.
Beginning as a lecturer in 1940, she was a member of the Barnard College faculty for twenty years, retiring in the 1960s.

## Selected works

* 1957 -- "A memorandum on certain reading and spelling difficulties for my academic colleagues, teachers, parents and anyone else." Westport, Connecticut: Orton Society. OCLC 1234375
* 1981 -- Remembering Niebuhr: letters of Reinhold and Ursula M. Niebuhr. San Francisco: Harper & Row. OCLC 246795572
# Upallo Arkhale

Upallo Arkhale is a village development committee in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3033 people living in 418 individual households.
In 1969 Gary and Barbara Shepherd moved from San Diego California to Nepal and eventually found Upallo Arakhale (pronounced "are-ah-kha-lha".) They began working with the Magars who are best known for their bravery as the British Gurkha soldiers but have a historical/linguistic background that comes from Mongolia. In 1974, the Shepherds moved to Arakhale now known as "Upallo" or "Upper" Arakhale village and built a house at the top of the village which is still in use today. They lived in this remote region for months at a time with their two children Michael and Adina while they learned the language and provided humanitarian support.
In 1978 Henry and Caroline Materna with Materna Productions came to Nepal to record several documentaries about Nepal for the Austria school system. One of the films produced was on the Shepherds living among the Magars in Arakhale.
In 1982 Gary published "Life Among the Magars" after having met with the King of Nepal.
After joining Redd Barna's save the children efforts for Nepal and learning the key skills necessary to tackle large road projects, they set off on a personal effort to raise $60,000 for a food-for-work road project that started the transformation of the region and has become a major artery for transportation which can now be seen on Google Maps. When the road was initially completed from Dhobadi up over the 5,000 ft pass to Arakhale it was named Barbara's Highway after Barbara, who died in 1991. Today Google Maps lists this as the Dhobadi - Bulingtar Rd as further fundraising efforts and eventual adoption by the government has extended this critical north/south artery from the Kali Gandaki River to the Pragatinagar Hwy.
The transformation of a region by the dedication of a few is exhibited in the lack of malnutrition and survival rates of the Magars. Surveys of the area by Sister Gwen in the late 1960s showed a child mortality rate of ~60%. Today with sanitation practices established and basic hygiene and medicine that rate is now under 10%.
# Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1948;168

This runic inscription, designated as U Fv1948;168 in the Rundata catalog, is on a Viking Age memorial runestone to two sons that is located in Alsike, Uppsala County, Sweden, which is in the historic province of Uppland.

## Description

This runestone was discovered on December 5, 1947 during restoration work at the church in Alsike. Before the historic significance of runestones was understood, they were often reused as materials in the construction of buildings, roads, and bridges. The stone was repaired and raised next to the church in 1948. The inscription on this granite stone, which is 1.9 meters in height, consists of runic text in the younger futhark carved on a serpent that is intertwined in an intricate design. In the upper center of the design is a Christian cross. The inscription is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr5, which is also known as Urnes style. This runestone style is characterized by slim and stylized animals that are interwoven into tight patterns. The animal heads are typically seen in profile with slender almond-shaped eyes and upwardly curled appendages on the noses and the necks.
The runic text states that the stone was raised by the parents and two brothers in memory of Gagi and Harðr. The father's name Sibbi is likely a nickname, and, based upon the names of two of the two sons, Sigmundr and Sigfastr, may be short for Sigbjórn. A common practice at that time in Scandinavia was the repeating one of the name elements from a parent's name in the names of the children to show the family connection. The inscription is signed by the runemaster Öpir, who was active during the late 11th century and early 12th century in Uppland. His signature, ybir risti or Øpiʀ risti ("Œpir carved"), is separated from the rest of the runic text and is located on the left side of the inscription, inside of the serpent, and under the cross. His style is sufficiently distinctive that this inscription would have been attributed to him even without his signature being present.
The Rundata designation for this Uppland inscription, U Fv1948;168, refers to the year and page number of the issue of Fornvännen in which the runestone was first described.

## Inscription
### Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters

    sibi * uk * ikriþ * litu * raisa * stain * iftiʀ * g-ha * uk * at * harþ * suni * sina * sihimuntr * uk * sihikfastr * bryþr * sina ybir risti

### Transcription into Old Norse

    Sibbi ok Ingrið letu ræisa stæin æftiʀ G[a]ga(?) ok at Harð, syni sina, Sigmundr ok Sigfastr [at] brøðr sina. Øpiʀ risti.

### Translation in English

    Sibbi and Ingríðr had the stone raised in memory of Gagi(?) and in memory of Harðr, their sons; Sigmundr and Sigfastr in memory of their brothers. Œpir carved.
# Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1976;104

This runic inscription, designated as U Fv1976;104 in the Rundata catalog, is on a Viking Age memorial runestone that is located at the Uppsala Cathedral, Uppland, Sweden.

## Description

This inscription consists of runic text in the younger futhark that is carved on an intertwined serpent under a small Christian cross. The red granite runestone, which is 1.65 meters in height and 1.64 meters wide, was discovered in May 1975 during excavation work at the Hornska chapel at the Uppsala Cathedral. Before the historical nature of runestones was understood, they were often reused as materials in the construction of roads, bridges, and buildings. The runestone is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr2, which is also known as Ringerike style. This is the classification for inscriptions where the runic bands end in serpent or beast heads seen in profile, but the serpents or beasts are not as elongated and stylized as in the Urnes style.
The runic text states that three sons raised the stone in memory of their father, Vígmarr, who is described as being styrimann goðan or "a good captain." A styrimann is a title often translated as "captain" and describes a person who was responsible for navigation and watchkeeping on a ship. This term is also used in inscriptions on Sö 161 in Råby, U 1011 in Örby, U 1016 in Fjuckby, and DR 1 in Hedeby. Part of the stone has been damaged with a word missing from the middle of the runic text, but based upon other inscriptions the missing word is likely to be the infinitive verb haggva, or "cut." The text is signed by a runemaster named Likbjörn. There are two other inscriptions known to have been signed by Likbjörn, the now-lost U 1074 in Bälinge and U 1095 in Rörby, although others have been attributed to him based on stylistic analysis.
The Rundata designation for this Uppland inscription, U Fv1976;104, refers to the year and page number of the issue of Fornvännen in which the runestone was first described.

## Inscription
### Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters

    rikr * ok * hulti * fastkair * þaiʀ * litu * ...a stain * at * uikmar * faþur * sin * styriman * koþan : likbiarn * risti

### Transcription into Old Norse

    Rikʀ/Rinkʀ/Ringʀ ok Hulti [ok] Fastgæiʀʀ þæiʀ letu ... stæin at Vigmar, faður sinn, styrimann goðan. Likbiorn risti.

### Translation in English

    Ríkr/Rekkr/Hringr and Holti and Fastgeirr, they had ... the stone in memory of Vígmarr, their father, a good captain. Líkbjôrn carved.
# Uproar in Damascus

Uproar in Damascus (German: Aufruhr in Damaskus) is a 1939 German thriller film directed by Gustav Ucicky and starring Brigitte Horney, Joachim Gottschalk and Hans Nielsen. It is set during the First World War with German troops battling the Arab Revolt led by Lawrence of Arabia and the British. The film was officially honored as "artistically valuable" (künstlerisch wertvoll) and having "special political value" (staatspolitisch wertvoll).
It was made at the Marienfelde Studios in Berlin with extensive location shooting in Italian-ruled Libya, particularly around the capital Tripoli. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Karl Böhm and Erich Czerwonski.

## Cast

* Brigitte Horney as Vera Niemayer
* Joachim Gottschalk as Lieutenant Hans Keller
* Hans Nielsen as Hauptmann Schulz
* Ernst von Klipstein as Lance corporal von Elmendonck
* Paul Otto as Hauptmann Lamberty
* Ingolf Kuntze as Stabsarzt Bruckner
* Paul Westermeier as Sergeant Kroll
* Gerhard Bienert as Sergeant Lemcke
* Friedrich Gnaß as Gerlach, radio operator
* Ludwig Schmid-Wildy as Lachner
* Adolf Fischer as Spoekmann
* Willi Rose as Waitz
* Hellmuth Passarge as Krohnker
* Gustav Püttjer as Wolff
* Erich Dunskus as Proviantmeister
* Serag Meunier as Moni, Arab dealer
* Claire Reigbert as head nurse
* Erika Streithorst as nurse Elisa
* Heinz Welzel as soldier Schulz
* Franz Kossak as soldier
* Jac Diehl as soldier
* Kurt Mikulski as soldier
* Hansjakob Gröblinghoff as soldier
# List of valve amplifier designs

This is a list of notable valve amplifier designs.

## Leak TL/12

The first commercially produced amplifier with distortion of 0.1% was the LEAK Type 15 "Point One" of 1945, using KT66 vacuum tubes (valves) connected as triodes, with 26 dB feedback over 4 stages including the output transformer. In 1948 LEAK produced the TL/12 which was also rated at 0.1% but featured improved performance with 26 dB over 3 stages and the output transformer (giving better gain-margin and phase-margin). The TL/12 sold in large quantities to professional users, radio stations, laboratories, as well as to the emerging market for hi-fi equipment. It is highly prized even today by audio enthusiasts.

## Williamson

The Williamson amplifier was published in 1947 as an article in Wireless World, and was a milestone which defined the mainstream topology for the majority of amplifiers thereafter. The design gave particular attention to a very high specification for the output transformer, in addition to being generally a consistently well worked-through design. It was not itself originally a commercial design, but many commercial versions and derivatives were subsequently made (with and without due credit).

## Mullard 5-10

To promote their new 9-pin tubes EZ80, EF86 and EL84, the Anglo-Dutch Mullard Company developed, in 1954, a famous and very popular mono amplifier circuit, the Mullard 5-10. The design featured 5 tubes with 10 watts output: EF86 as preamplifier, ECC83 phase-splitting, two EL84 in push-pull configuration, EZ80 rectifier. The amplifier used the excellent Partridge output transformer and was well known for its great sound reproduction.

## Dynaco

Dynaco was a major US manufacturer of completed and kit amplifiers of high quality, notably of the Mark III and the Stereo 70, claimed to be the most popular tube amp ever made with over 300,000 produced.

## McIntosh MC275

McIntosh Laboratory long held a reputation for producing very high quality high-end equipment in the US. The model MC275 was produced from May 1961 through July 1973.
The model MC275 perhaps demonstrates most clearly the revival in tube amplifiers, as used MC275s in mint condition can sell for up to eight times their original purchase price, and a "Commemorative Edition" made during the 1990s was priced at $4000.

## Marantz 8B

Another historic manufacturer of valve amplifiers was Marantz. The Marantz 8B is another design that has been considered a classic and for which a "Reissue" edition has been produced.
# Utricularia tricolor

Utricularia tricolor is a medium to large sized perennial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. tricolor, a terrestrial species, is endemic to South America, where it is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela. It has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 28.
# Utricularia triflora

Utricularia triflora is an annual, terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia (family Lentibulariaceae). It is endemic to an area southeast of Darwin in the Northern Territory.
# Ušće (Kraljevo)

Ušće (Serbian Cyrillic: Ушће) is a populated place in the town of Kraljevo in the Raska district. According to the 2011 census, there were 1,881 inhabitants.

## Demographics

There are 1621 adult inhabitants in the settlement of Ušće, and the average age of the population is 38.7 years (37.8 for men and 39.6 for women). There are 630 households in the settlement, and the average number of members per household is 3.24.
This place is largely inhabited by Serbs (according to the 2002 census), and in the last three censuses, an increase in population has been observed.
# Uroš Petrović

Uroš Petrović (Serbian Cyrillic: Урош Петровић, born 8 April 1967) is a Serbian writer.

## Biography

Petrović is born in Gornji Milanovac, Socialist Republic of Serbia within Yugoslavia, now Serbia. Exercising one’s brain, meeting with the wondrous, strange, but also terrifying, the unbridled imagination and special humor in his books are all also becoming increasingly popular reading for adults. He is best known for his unusual novels, Riddle Tales I - V (Original title – Zagonetne priče) serial, Mysteries of Ginkgo Street (Original title – Misterije Ginkove ulice) and the first Serbian horror for children The Fifth Butterfly (Original title – Peti leptir). Dark Secrets of Ginkgo Street and Marta's Great Mysterious Adventure are also an innovative form - novels made of riddles. Petrovic spurred the nation to think in the “Labyrinth” quiz as the Creator of the Labyrinth character and the most serious obstacle for competitors, broadcast by Radio Television of Serbia. Awarded for books and photographs. Chairman of Serbian Mensa (2008. - 2013.). Founder of Mensa World Photo Cup. Co-author of NTC System of learning and author of Riddle questions concept.
# V18

V18 or V-18 may refer to:
* De Havilland Canada V-18, a utility transport aircraft
* ITU-T V.18, a textphone protocol
* LFG V 18 Sassnitz, a German flying boat
* V18 engine, an internal combustion engine
* Vulcan V18, a rifle
* V18, a family history of certain other specific conditions, in the ICD-9 V codes
# List of storms named Tony

The name Tony has been used for two tropical cyclones worldwide.
Atlantic Ocean:
Australian Region:
# VLE

VLE may refer to:

## Science and technology

* Vapor–liquid equilibrium, in thermodynamics and chemical engineering
* Virtual learning environment, in educational technology
* Maximum landing gear extended speed (V$_{LE}$), a V speed in aviation
* Variable-length encoding, an information theory technique for assigning shorter encoding to more frequently-occurring sequences
** Variable-length encoding of an instruction set, as is used in a variable-length instruction set
** Variable-length, aka variable-width encoding

## Other uses

* Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia (Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija)
# VRB

VRB may refer to:
* The IATA code for Vero Beach Regional Airport
* A 'variable' state in METAR weather reports
* Vanadium redox battery
* Vrb, symbol of the mineral vrbaite
# Listing (finance)

In corporate finance, a listing refers to the company's shares being on the list (or board) of stock that are publicly listed. Some stock exchanges allow shares of a foreign company to be listed and may allow dual listing, subject to conditions.
Normally the issuing company is the one that applies for a listing but in some countries an exchange can list a company, for instance because its stock is already being traded via informal channels.
Stocks whose market value and/or turnover fall below critical levels may be delisted by the exchange. Delisting often arises from a merger or takeover, or the company going private.

## Requirements

Each stock exchange has its own listing requirements or rules. Initial listing requirements usually include supplying a history of a few years of financial statements (not required for "alternative" markets targeting young firms); a sufficient size of the amount being placed among the general public (the free float), both in absolute terms and as a percentage of the total outstanding stock; an approved prospectus, usually including opinions from independent assessors, and so on.

### Examples

The listing requirements imposed by some stock exchanges include:
* New York Stock Exchange: the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) requires a company to have issued at least a million shares of stock worth $100 million and must have earned more than $10 million over the last three years.
* NASDAQ Stock Exchange: NASDAQ requires a company to have issued at least 1.25 million shares of stock worth at least $70 million and must have earned more than $11 million over the last three years.
* London Stock Exchange: the main market of the London Stock Exchange requires a minimum market capitalization (£700,000), three years of audited financial statements, minimum public float (25%) and sufficient working capital for at least 12 months from the date of listing.
* Bombay Stock Exchange: Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) requires a minimum market capitalization of ₹250 million (US$3.0 million) and minimum public float equivalent to ₹100 million (US$1.2 million).

## Delisting

Delisting refers to the practice of removing the capital stock of a company from a stock exchange so that investors can no longer trade shares of the stock on that exchange. This typically occurs when a company goes out of business, declares bankruptcy, no longer satisfies the listing rules of the stock exchange, has become a private company, has become a subsidiary after a merger or acquisition, or wants to reduce regulatory reporting complexities and overhead, or if the stock volumes on the exchange from which it wishes to delist are not significant. Delisting does not necessarily mean a change in company's core strategy.
In the United States, securities which have been delisted from a major exchange for reasons other than going private or liquidating may be traded on over-the-counter markets like the OTC Bulletin Board or the Pink Sheets.
# Lithophane innominata

Lithophane innominata, the nameless pinion, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Smith in 1893. It is found in North America from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick west to Vancouver Island, south through the mountains both eastwards and westwards. Furthermore, it is found throughout the wooded parts of Alberta, north to Lake Athabasca.
The wingspan is 35–39 mm. The moth flies from September to October and from April to May depending on the location.
The larvae feed on a wide variety of trees.
# William Laidley

William Laidley (28 September 1828 – 14 February 1897) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Sydney to James Laidley, Deputy Commissary-General, and Eliza Jane Shephard. He worked for the Commonwealth Bank, owned a shipping firm, and was also a squatter on the Darling Downs. On 18 April 1853 he married Jane Atkinson, with whom he had five children. Laidley's company ran the first steamship service from Sydney to San Francisco. In 1889 he was appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council, where he served until his death in Sydney in 1897.
# Thomson TO8

The Thomson TO8 is a home computer introduced by French company Thomson SA in 1986, with a cost of 2,990 FF. It replaces its predecessor, the Thomson TO7/70, while remaining essentially compatible.
The new features of the TO8, like larger memory (256KB) and better graphics modes (powered by the Thomson EF9369 graphics chip), are shared with the other third generation Thomson computers (MO6 and TO9+).
The TO8 has a tape drive and Microsoft BASIC 1.0 (in standard and 512 KB versions) on its internal ROM, and there is an optional external floppy drive. Graphics were provided by the Thomson EF9369 chip, allowing the display of 16 colors from a palette of 4096.
More than 120 games exist for the system.
An improved version, the Thomson TO8D, includes a built-in 3.5" floppy drive.
# Montismyia

Montismyia is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae.

## Species

* Montismyia lauta Hine, 1920
# Semanotus

Semanotus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, first described by Étienne Mulsant in 1839.

## Species

Semanotus contains the following species:
* Semanotus algiricus Pic, 1905
* Semanotus amethystinus (LeConte, 1853)
* Semanotus amplus (Casey, 1912)
* Semanotus australis Giesbert, 1993
* Semanotus basalis (Casey, 1924)
* Semanotus bifasciatus (Motschulsky, 1875)
* Semanotus conformis Casey, 1924
* Semanotus japonicus Lacordaire, 1869
* Semanotus juniperi (Fisher, 1915)
* Semanotus laurasii (Croissandeau, 1890)
* Semanotus ligneus (Fabricius, 1787)
* Semanotus litigiosus (Casey, 1891)
* Semanotus nigroalbus Holzschuh, 1984
* Semanotus russicus (Fabricius, 1777)
* Semanotus semenovi Okunev, 1933
* Semanotus sinoauster Gressitt, 1951
* Semanotus terminatus Casey, 1912
* Semanotus undatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Semanotus yakushimensis Makihara, 2004
# Lekima

Lekima may refer to:
* Typhoon Lekima, the name of four tropical cyclones in the Pacific Ocean
* A common name for Pouteria campechiana, an evergreen tree
# Kenyentulus jianfengensis

Kenyentulus jianfengensis is a species of proturan in the family Acerentomidae. It is found in Southern Asia.
# The Bougainville Photoplay Project

The Bougainville Photoplay Project is a verbatim play by Paul Dwyer and Version 1.0.

## Plot

Writer, academic and performer Paul Dwyer looks back at trips made by his father, Allan Dwyer, an orthopaedic surgeon who visited Bougainville in the 1960s, healing crippled children.

## First production

The Bougainville Photoplay Project was first performed at the National Multicultural Festival Fringe in Canberra in February 2008, with the following participants:
Paul Dwyer: Researcher and storyteller
David Williams: Director and stage manager
Sean Bacon: Video artist
Subsequent performances have been for the Liveworks Festival at the Performance Space, Sydney (2008); at the Old Fitzroy Theatre, Sydney (2009); and a Mobile States Tour for Performing Lines (2010) which toured to Arts House at North Melbourne Town Hall, Darwin Arts Festival at Browns Mart Theatre, Powerhouse Arts Centre in Brisbane, and Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts.
# Thoressa hyrie

Thoressa hyrie is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It was described by Lionel de Nicéville in 1891. It is found in the Indomalayan realm (southeast Tibet, northern Thailand and Laos).