# Timeline of Groningen

The following is a timeline of the history of the Netherlands' municipality of Groningen.

## Pre–19th century

* 48 CE: Roman camp established.
* 800: Martin's Church built (approximate date).
* 1040: "Villa Cruoninga" ("Groningen") mentioned.
* 13th century: Reitdiep canal dug
* c. 1220: Martin's Church rebuilt in brick
* 1255: City wall built
* 1284: Groningen joins the Hanseatic League
* c. 1300: Town hall built
* 1308: Jacobijnerklooster established
* 1482: Martin's Church tower built
* 1493: Der Aa Church built
* 1506: Edzard I, Count of East Frisia, in power
* 1509: Ommelanderhuis and Rechthuis built
* 1526: Guild unrest
* 1575: Ommelanden secedes from city
* 1579: City signs Union of Utrecht regional treaty
* 1580: Siege of Groningen; Spaniards in power
* May–July 1594: Siege of Groningen; Maurice, Prince of Orange, and William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, in power; Groningen Treaty of Reduction unites city and Ommelanden
* 17 February 1595: City of Groningen and the Ommelanden admitted to the Republic of the United Netherlands
* 1599: orphanage founded.
* c. 1609: workhouse established
* 1614: University of Groningen founded
* 1615: University library established
* 1635: Goudkantoor built on the Grote Markt
* 1650: William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, becomes stadtholder of Groningen
* 1659: Gerhard ten Berge becomes mayor
* 1662: City Weigh House builtSiege of Groningen by Bishop of Münster
* July–August 1672: Siege of Groningen by Bishop Christoph Bernhard von Galen of Münster on behalf of Louis XIV of France
* 1705: Allert Meijer becomes city architect
* 1728: Collegium Medicum founded
* 1747: Jodenkamp cemetery established
* 1756: Volteringstraat synagogue built
* 1790: Henri Daniel Guyot Institute for the deaf established
* 1798: Hotel De Doelen established

## 19th century

* 1801: Scientific Society of Groningen formed
* 1810: City Hall rebuilt
* 1811: Groningen becomes part of the Ems-Occidental department of the French Empire
* 1813: French military ousted
* 1815: Vindicat atque Polit established
* 1819: design of Coat of arms of Groningen adopted
* 1824: Jean François van Iddekinge becomes mayor
* 1830: Academy of Fine Arts established
* 1837: annual Groningsche Volksalmanak begins publication
* 1841: Hoofdwacht on the Grote Markt in use
* 1847: Praedinius Gymnasium active
* 1865: Noord-Willems Canal dug
* 1865: Korenbeurs rebuilt
* 1866: population: 36,852
* 1868: Nieuwe Groninger Nieuwsblad begins publication
* 1870: Meppel–Groningen railway begins operations
* 1874: Groninger Museum established
* 1874: Fortress demolished
* 1876: Eems Canal dug
* 1879: Verbindingskanaal dug
* 1879: design of the Flag of Groningen adopted
* 1880: Horse-drawn tram begins operating
* 1881: Scholtenhuis built
* 1882: Groningen State Archives established
* 1883: Groningen City Theatre established
* 1884: Groningen–Delfzijl railway begins operating; Groningen Noord railway station opens
* 1887: Groningen Local Railway Company established
* 1888: Nieuwsblad van het Noorden begins publication
* 1888: Hooghoudt distillery established
* 1894: Peace society formed
* 1895: Broerkerk demolished; Catholic St. Martinuskerk built
* 1896: Groningen railway station built

## 20th century

* 1903: World exhibit held
* 1904: Huis de Beurs café built
* 1906: Gemeentetram Groningen transit entity established
* 1906: Groningen Synagogue built
* 1909: University Academics Facility built
* 1910: electric tram begins operating
* 1918: De Ploeg art group formed
* 1919: Gorecht Canal dug
* 1919: population: 89,030
* 1929: Grand Theatre built
* 1931: Hakenkampsveld Airport established outside city limits
* 1933: Oosterpark Stadion opens
* 26 July 1940: mistakenly bombarded by Allied forces
* 26–27 September 1941: mistakenly bombarded by Allied forces
* April 1945: Battle of Groningen
* 1946: Groningen chess tournament held
* 1950: Design of the Flag of Groningen adopted
* 1951: Jan Tuin becomes mayor
* 1955: Roman Catholic Diocese of Groningen established
* 1959: Groningen gas field discovered
* 1960: Camera Cinema opens
* 1962: Nieuwe Stadhuis built
* 1969: increase in municipality size
* 1969: Lauwers Lake created near city
* 1970: Zernikecomplex development begins
* 1971: Football Club Groningen established
* 1971: Harm Buiter becomes mayor
* 1973: Eemshaven seaport opens
* 1974: Groningen Noord railway station rebuilt
* 1977: Groningen traffic circulation plan implemented
* 1979: RKZ Cinema opens
* 1986: Hanze University of Applied Sciences established
* 1991: Muller restaurant established
* 1991: Hans Ouwerkerk becomes mayor
* 1992: Groninger Dagblad begins publication
* 1992: Groninger Kredietbank scandal
* 1992: Groningen Audio Visual Archive established
* 1993: European Association for Sport Management headquartered in Groningen
* 1996: New City Hall building demolished
* 1996: Eurosonic Festival commences
* 1998: Jacques Wallage becomes mayor
* 1998: Urban renewal efforts

## 21st century

* 2002: Dagblad van het Noorden founded
* 2002: Groninger Archives established
* 2004: Nederlands Stripmuseum established
* 2005: University Medical Center Groningen established
* 2006: Euroborg stadium established
* 2007: Groningen Europapark railway station begins operating
* 2011: construction on the Groninger Forum begins
* 2014: Infoversum cinema built
* 2014: population: 197,823
* 2015: Peter den Oudsten becomes mayor.