OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tisamenus ranarius

Tisamenus ranarius is a stick insect species (Phasmatodea), in the family of the Heteropterygidae native to the Philippines.

## Description

Only females are known of this species. These reach a length of 42 to 44 millimetres (1.7 to 1.7 in) and have remarkably few spines for a Tisamenus species. The triangle on the mesonotum typical of the genus is only indicated and hardly recognizable. Rather, it consists of slightly curved crests on the mesonotum. The antennae are very short and consist of 16 to 17 segments. Tuberculous spines are found only on the pronotum and head, where they are formed as suborbitals. The front angles of the pronotum are pointed. The meso- and metathorax form a trapezoid that widens backwards, to which the abdomen attaches approximately the width of the anterior edge of the mesonotum. A distinct longitudinal crest runs from the anterior edge of the mesonotum over the metanotum to the end of the abdomen. On the rear abdominal segments, its parts are clearly tooth-like. The ovipositor is short and beak-shaped.

## Taxonomy

John Obadiah Westwood described the species in 1859 under the basionym Acanthoderus ranarius using a female, which he also depicts. William Forsell Kirby transferred the species in 1904 to the genus Tisamenus, which was established in 1875. In 1906, Joseph Redtenbacher counted the species in addition to the Heterocopus leprosus, which he described, to the genus Heterocopus, which he also listed here. He distinguishes it from Tisamenus by its bluntly keeled, much less spined body. Lawrence Bruner also left it at this assignment in 1915. In 1939, James Abram Garfield Rehn and his son John William Holman Rehn did not transfer the species to the genus Hoploclonia like all current Tisamenus species, but to the genus Ilocano set up for Ilocano hebardi (today Tisamenus herbardi), which has been synonymized with Tisamenus since 2021. The assignment to Ilocano remained until 2004. Only Oliver Zompro transferred the species back to Tisamenus together with all other Philippine representatives except Ilocano hebardi.
The female used by Westwood for the description is deposited as holotype in the Natural History Museum in London. Another female, labeled as another type, is in the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, although Westwood based the description only on material from the Natural History Museum in London. Neither the exact location nor any other information is stored for these specimens.
# Marka (river)

Marka is a 28.7 km (17.8 mi) long river in Lower Saxony, Germany. At its confluence with the Ohe west of Friesoythe, the river Sagter Ems is formed.
# Sambani Chandrashekar

Sambhani Chandrasekhar is an Indian politician from Telangana state. He served four times as an MLA and two times as a minister in the united state of Andhra Pradesh . From 1989 to 1994, Marighu served as the Minister of Health and Medicine from 2004 to 2009.

## Political career

Chandrasekhar entered politics through the Congress Party in 1983 and contested from Paleru constituency and lost. He won as an MLA in 1999 and 2004 assembly elections and served as Minister of Health and Medical Affairs in Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy's cabinet. Chandrasekhar was appointed as Telangana PCC Vice President on 26 June 2021.
| Year | Constituency | The winning candidate | Party | Opponent | Party |
| 1983 | Paleru Constituency | Bhimapaka Bhupathi Rao | CPI | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party |
| 1985 | Paleru Constituency | Baji Hanmantu | CPM | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party |
| 1989 | Paleru Constituency | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party | Baji Hanmantu | CPM |
| 1994 | Paleru Constituency | Sandra Venkata Veeraiah | CPM | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party |
| 1999 | Paleru Constituency | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party | Sandra Venkataweeraiah | CPM |
| 2004 | Paleru Constituency | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party | Sandra Venkata Veeraiah | Telugu Desam Party |
| 2009 | Satthupalli Constituency | Sandra Venkataweeraiah | Telugu Desam Party | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party |
| 2014 | Satthupalli Constituency | Sandra Venkata Veeraiah | Telugu Desam Party | Sambhani Chandrasekhar | Congress party |
# Keikyä

Keikyä is a former municipality of Finland in the former Turku and Pori Province, now in Pirkanmaa. Together with Kiikka, it formed the Äetsä municipality in 1981, which formed the Sastamala municipality with Vammala and Mouhijärvi in 2009.
Its seat was in Pehula, while the church was located in the village of Keikyä.

## Geography

Keikyä bordered Kiikka, Vammala, Huittinen and Kokemäki. Until 1969 it bordered Kauvatsa instead of Kokemäki and until 1973, Tyrvää instead of Vammala.
The municipality was divided into two sides by the river Kokemäenjoki.

## History

Keikyä was originally a part of the Huittinen parish. It was first mentioned as one of Huittinen's villages in 1487. It was also the center of the Keikyä fourth of Huittinen. The people of Keikyä have held hunting grounds near modern Ahlainen, as evidenced by the toponym Keikvesi.
Keikyä became a chapel community in 1684. The first proper church was built in 1830 as the initial chapel had become too small. The current church was built in 1912. The Finnish senate ordered Keikyä's separation from Huittinen in 1908, which came into effect in 1920.
Industrialization began in the late 19th century with the establishment of a wool spinnery, followed by a machine workshop, a tricot factory and dyeworks, collectively called Äetsän tehtaat (factories of Äetsä) located by the Äetsänkoski rapids. A chemical factory was established in the area in the 1930s, nowadays owned by Kemira.
The municipal center eventually moved from the village of Keikyä to the village of Pehula (also called Äetsä) as it was closer to the factories and a train station. Keikyä united with neighboring Kiikka in 1981 to form Äetsä, with its center in Pehula. In 2009, Äetsä united with Vammala and Mouhijärvi to form the town of Sastamala.

## Church

The current church of Keikyä was built in 1912, designed by Josef Stenbäck. Parts of the original church were used as materials. The altarpiece, made in 1753, depicts Simeon holding Baby Jesus.

## Services

Most of Keikyä's services are located in Pehula.

### School

Pehula has a school for grades 1-6 (ala-aste). It had 131 students in 2022.
# Reldia

Reldia is a genus of plants in the family Gesneriaceae. They are also in the Beslerieae tribe.
They are native to Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panamá and Peru in South America.
It contains the following species, according to Plants of the World Online;
* Reldia alternifolia Wiehler
* Reldia calcarata L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog
* Reldia grandiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
* Reldia longipedunculata J.L.Clark
* Reldia minutiflora (L.E. Skog) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
* Reldia multiflora L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog
The genus name of Reldia is in honour of Robert Louis Dressler (born 1927), an American botanist specialist of the taxonomy of the Orchidaceae family. It was first described and published in Selbyana Vol.2 on page 124 in 1977.
The genus is recognized by the United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service, but they do not list any known species.
# Thomas Hora

Thomas Hora (January 25, 1914 - October 30, 1995) is considered the founder of the discipline of metapsychiatry, an attempt to integrate principles from metaphysics, spirituality, and psychology.

## Education and early practice

After growing up in northern Hungary, Hora received medical degrees from Royal Hungarian University in Budapest in 1942, and from Charles University in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1945. He performed his residency in psychiatry at Budapest General Hospital and Carlsbad City Hospital in Carlsbad, Czechoslovakia. In 1952, Hora established private practices in New York City and in Bedford Village, New York. For the next fifteen years, he was active in professional psychiatric circles in the U.S. and in Europe, and published several articles. In 1958, in recognition of his contributions to his field, he received the Karen Horney Award for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis.

## Development of metapsychiatry

However, at about this time, Hora was inspired to look for alternative solutions to psychological problems and life issues. Dissatisfied with orthodox treatments for mental illness, he investigated alternate cures and treatments, soon leading him to spiritual literature. Hora is described as having read the sacred texts and major writings of many major world religions, including Zen Buddhism, Christianity, Taoism, and Judaism. In addition to the literature of the world's major religions, Hora also read from an extensive list of philosophers, both existentialist and classical. He is also said to have met with Carl Jung, Alan Watts and a Zen master to ask questions and seek guidance, incorporating many of their thoughts into his work. The teachings of Jesus became especially important to Hora's formulation of metapsychiatry, and many of his books (such as Beyond the Dream: Discourses on Metapsychiatry and Spiritual Guidance (ISBN 0-913105-14-7)) drew heavily from Jesus' teachings. Hora continued to teach and provide mentorship until shortly before his death on October 30, 1995. His teachings continue to be promulgated through the PAGL (Peace, Assurance, Gratitude, and Love) Foundation , which continues to publish his works.
# Tatiana Cordero Velázquez

Tatiana Cordero Velázquez (February 23, 1961 – April 13, 2021) was an Ecuadorian feminist, and was considered to be one of the forerunners in the fight for women's rights and for LGBT rights in the Ecuador. At the time of her death, she was the director of the Urgent Action Fund for Latin America and the Caribbean, which is an association that she founded.
In 1989, together with the activist Nela Meriguet, Cordero Velázquez created the Women's Communication Workshop: a feminist organization that focused its efforts on developing maps to report femicide cases in Ecuador, and on promoting educational projects that question heteronormativity. She was also notable for denouncing the existence of so-called "de-homosexualization clinics", both in Ecuador and abroad.
In 1991, Cordero Velázquez co-wrote the book Nosotras, las señoras alegres (literally "We, the happy women") with Ecuadorian feminists Rosa Manzo Rodas and Marena Briones Velasteguí. The book focuses on prostitution in Ecuador, and references many personal experiences from Ecuadorian sex workers in Asociacion de Mujeres Autonomas "22nd de Junio" (June 22 Association of Autonomous Women), a labor union for female sex workers, which was the first sex workers' organization to be founded in Latin America.

## Personal life and death

Cordero Velázquez died of cancer on April 13, 2021, in Quito. Among the people who publicly lamented her death were the Vice President of the Quito Board of Rights, Sybel Martínez, and the municipal health secretary, Ximena Abarca.
Cordero Velázquez was a lesbian.
# Refractory (planetary science)

In planetary science, any material that has a relatively high equilibrium condensation temperature is called refractory. The opposite of refractory is volatile.
The refractory group includes elements and compounds like metals and silicates (commonly termed rocks) which make up the bulk of the mass of the terrestrial planets and asteroids in the inner belt. A fraction of the mass of other asteroids, giant planets, their moons and trans-Neptunian objects is also made of refractory materials.

## Classification

The elements can be divided into several categories:
| Category | Condensation temperatures | Elements |
| Super-refractory | higher than 1700 K | Re, Os, W, Zr and Hf |
| Refractory | between 1500 and 1700 K | Al, Sc, Ca, Ti, Th, Lu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Ir, Ru, Mo, U, Sm, Nd and La |
| Moderately refractory | 1300 to 1500 K | Nb, Be, V, Ce, Yb, Pt, Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Mg, Eu, Si, Cr |
| Moderately volatile | 1100–1300 K | Au, P, Li, Sr, Mn, Cu and Ba |
| Volatile | 700–1100 K | Rb, Cs, K, Ag, Na, B, Ga, Sn, Se and S |
| Very volatile | less than 700 K | Zn, Pb, In, Bi and Tl |
The condensation temperatures are the temperatures at which 50% of the element will be in the form of a solid (rock) under a pressure of 10$^{−4}$ bar. However, slightly different groups and temperature ranges are used sometimes. Refractory material are also often divided into refractory lithophile elements and refractory siderophile elements.
# Marinus Snoeren

Marinus Arnoldus Johannes Snoeren (October 16, 1919 – July 11, 1982), was a Dutch cellist who was called the "aristocrat of cellists," on account of his elegant musicianship and majestic sound. He was born in The Hague, the son of Marinus Franciscus Snoeren.
As a pedagogue he was most noticeable for his student Anner Bylsma. Marinus was a teacher at the Leidsche Muziek School in Leiden. He made his first tour of the United States in 1963 and played to great acclaim in the orchestra undertaking several major tours which included cities such as New York City, Boston, Chicago, Vienna, Munich and Berlin. He has performed under great conductors including Leonard Bernstein, Pierre Boulez, Hans Knappertsbusch. Later he was the principal cellist for six years in the Residentie Orchestra in The Hague. He played the various cello concertos under Jean Martinon. His eldest son became a conductor/composer performing under the name of Rien Snoeren.

## Discography

* Only known recordings are Suites of Bach held in the family records.
# Siberia (Polvo album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 81/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Blurt | |
| Exclaim! | 6/10 |
| The Line of Best Fit | 7.5/10 |
| Mondo Sonoro | 8/10 |
| Ox-Fanzine | |
| Pitchfork Media | 8.3/10 |
| Popmatters | |
| Rolling Stone | |
| Under the Radar | |
Siberia is Polvo's sixth studio album. It was released on Merge Records on September 30, 2013. Unlike its predecessor, 2009's In Prism, the album was not accompanied with a tour.
An official music video was created for the track "Light, Raking."

## Reception

Siberia, like its predecessor, received universal critical acclaim, with a Metacritic score of 81/100 based on 12 reviews. In a highly positive review, Stuart Berman of Pitchfork noted that the band's "subtle classic-rock quotes—like the “Tom Sawyer”-worthy arpeggio that underpins the tranquil “Changed”—serve to make Polvo’s complex guitarchitecture more inviting to the uninitiated" & praised "Ash Bowie and Dave Brylawski’s more emotionally revelatory approach to their vocals." Fred Thomas of AllMusic called the album "a step up from Polvo's original return to the scene. Though the songs here would have fit in with the best of their earlier phases, they manage to inject deeper subtleties and emotional crosscurrents than even their best work from the '90s without getting too soft in the process."
Sean Kirkpatrick of the Paper Chase-fame ranked Siberia his 2nd favorite album of the year. Radical Dads included it among their favorite albums of 2013. Pharaoh Overlord picked the track "Total Immersion" as one of their favorites, calling it "[p]erfectly twisted progressive pop music. All these years I’ve admired Polvo’s exceptional arrangements. I just wonder how some musicians can be so advanced. Music like this cannot be made alone, this needs a collective mind."

### Accolades

Year-end accolades :
| Publication | Country | Accolade | Rank |
| Magnet | US | Top 25 Albums Of 2013 | 15 |
| Aquarium Drunkard | US | 2013 Year In Review | - |
| Blurt | US | The Blurt Top 75 Albums | 69 |
| Las Vegas Weekly | US | Best of 2013: Albums (Spencer Patterson) | 8 |
| Earbuddy | US | Earbuddy’s Best Albums of 2013 | 69 |
| Rolling Stone | US | 27 Best Albums You Didn’t Hear in 2013 | - |

## Track listing

* "Total Immersion" - 6:26
* "Blues is Loss" - 6:52
* "Light, Raking" - 4:31
* "Changed" - 3:24
* "The Water Wheel" - 7:57
* "Old Maps" - 4:11
* "Some Songs" - 5:32
* "Anchoress" - 6:12

## Credits

Polvo are credited as the primary artist. The remainder of the credits have been adapted from AllMusic:
| Personnel | Credit |
| Mitch Easter | Guitar, Mixing |
| Jeff Lipton | Mastering |
| Brian Paulson | Mixing |
| Maria Rice | Mastering Assistant |
# Mark Cairns

Mark Cairns may refer to:
* Mark Cairns (footballer) (born 1969), Scottish football goalkeeper
* Mark Cairns (squash player) (born 1967), English squash player
# United Democratic Alliance (Liberia)

The United Democratic Alliance (UDA) is a coalition of three Liberian political parties - the Liberia National Union (LINU), Liberia Education and Development Party (LEAD), and the Reformation Alliance Party (RAP) - that contested the 11 October 2005 elections.
UDA candidate John Morlu won 1.2% of the vote in the presidential poll. The coalition won no Senate seats and one in the House of Representatives.
The party was disqualified from contesting the 2011 presidential and legislative elections.
# Samuel Frederick Gray

Samuel Frederick Gray (10 December 1766 – 12 April 1828) was a British botanist, mycologist, and pharmacologist. He was the father of the zoologists John Edward Gray and George Robert Gray.

## Background

He was the son of Samuel Gray, a London seedsman. He received no inheritance and, after failing to qualify for medicine, turned to medical and botanical writing. He married Elizabeth Forfeit in 1794 and moved to Walsall, Staffordshire, where he established an assay office before he moved back to London in 1800.
He set up an apothecary business in Wapping, which failed within a few years. Then, he seems to have maintained himself by writing and lecturing.

## Medical writings

Gray wrote a Supplement to the Pharmacopoeia, published in 1818 with several subsequent editions. In 1819, he became co-editor of the London Medical Repository, to which he contributed many articles on medical, botanical, and other topics. He published, in 1823, The Elements of Pharmacy and, in 1828, The Operative Chemist, both practical reference works.
* A Supplement to the Pharmacopoeia : being a Treatise on Pharmacology in general. Underwood, London A new and improved Ed. 1821 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
* A Supplement to the Pharmacopoeia : being a Treatise on Pharmacology in general. Underwood, London 3rd Ed. 1824 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
* A Supplement to the Pharmacopoeia, and Treatise on Pharmacology in general. Underwood, London 5th Ed. 1831 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf

## The Natural Arrangement of British Plants

Gray's major text of interest today is The Natural Arrangement of British Plants, published in two volumes in 1821. The authorship is disputed, and his son, John Edward Gray, later claimed to have done most of the work, but that was not supported by his grandson. The book itself is innovative, being the first British flora to employ Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's natural system of plant classification, an improvement on the artificial classification of Linnaeus. Probably, that was what made it be poorly received by conservative botanists of the day. The Natural Arrangement of British Plants also included substantial sections on fungi, then classed as cryptogamic plants, introducing many new genera, including Auriscalpium, Coltricia, Leccinum, and Steccherinum, which remain in current use.
Despite its recognised nomenclatural importance today, it was neglected by British botanists after its publication for "its idiosyncrasies, anti-Linnaean character, unorthodox nomenclature, narrow generic concepts and contemporary hostility to the supposed author R. A. Salisbury."
# Kaura (band)

Kaura is an American, progressive, alternative rock band from Los Angeles, California.
Kaura is a band formed in 2005 by Malcolm Guess and Benjamin Jones. The band has been invited to open for the likes of Tool, Rob Zombie, and Entrance Band by Bill Graham Presents in San Francisco. The band's sound is recognizable by its trademark use of ancient instruments like Hammered Dulcimer, Indonesian Gamelan, and Indian Tabla as well as delayed guitars, and an epic and aggressive sound. The band self-released a debut EP in 2005 which featured Paz Lenchantin from A Perfect Circle and Zwan on the track Dividing Lines. Guitarist Ben Rojas joined the band shortly after the band's first EP was recorded and after several bassists, Joshua Albright became a permanent member of the band.
Kaura released their first full-length album in Sept of 2011 which was packaged with a DVD that included two new music videos and an hour long making of the album documentary. Assisting in the creation of the album were notable engineers/mixers such as Sylvia Massy, known for her work with Tool, System of a Down, and Rick Rubin among others., Ken Andrews of the band's Failure and Year of the Rabbit, Alex Newport known for his work with At the Drive In, The Mars Volta, and his own band Fudge Tunnel. The artwork was created by Bay Area artist David Ho Most of the album however was produced and mixed by Kaura's singer and guitarist Malcolm Guess.
Shortly following the release of their full-length album, Kaura successfully funded the making of an acoustic CD/DVD titled "The Acoustic Sessions", by the use of their Kickstarter.com campaign. Production of "The Acoustic Sessions" was completed in January 2012 and is set to be released in March 2012. "The Acoustic Sessions" features songs from both Kaura's Self Titled EP and their full-length album as well as one unreleased song.
In the summer of 2011 Kaura also worked with film director Seda James, writing the end credits song "Awakening the Seed" for his short film titled Subject 7. With strong support for its film festival debut, the full length continuum titled Subject 6 is slated for production over the next 2 years; of which "Awakening the Seed" is intended to be included in.
Kaura is currently self managed and signed to their own record label, Kaum Records.
# James Dalton (MP for Saltash)

James Dalton (died 1601) was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Saltash in 1563, 1571 and 1572, Lostwithiel in 1584 and 1586, and for Preston in 1593. He married Mary Rolle, a daughter of George Rolle (d. 1553), MP, of Stevenstone in Devon.
# Standing Tall (Kym Marsh album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Entertainment.ie | |
| The Guardian | |
| BBC | Mixed |
Standing Tall is the debut studio album by former Hear'Say singer Kym Marsh. It was released on 21 July 2003 in the United Kingdom by Island Records.
The album was preceded by two single releases: "Cry", the lead single, and "Come on Over" which reached number 2 and 10 respectively on the UK Singles Chart. Standing Tall peaked at number 9 on the UK Albums Chart after selling 19,821 copies in the first week. Marsh's third single, "Sentimental", was released in October 2003 and stalled at number 35, resulting in her being dropped by the record label.

## Charts

| Chart (2003) | Peak position |
| Scottish Albums Chart | 9 |
| UK Albums Chart | 9 |