OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# MMA (disambiguation)

Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport.
MMA may also refer to:

## Places

* Maastricht Formation (MMa), a geologic formation in Belgium and the Netherlands

## Business and commerce

* MacRobertson Miller Airlines, Western Australia, 1934-1980s
* Maldives Monetary Authority, a central bank
* Malta Maritime Authority
* Manufacturer's Mutual Association, later Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers
* Mobile Marketing Association, an advertising industry association
* Money market account, a type of bank account
* Former Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Railway, reporting mark
* Music Modernization Act, 2018, US law
* Myanmar Music Association
* Melon Music Awards
* Union of Sales and Marketing Professionals (Finnish: Myynnin ja markkinoinnin ammattilaiset), a Finnish trade union

## Medicine

* Mammalian Meat Allergy or alpha-gal allergy
* Methenmadinone acetate, a progestin
* Maxillomandibular advancement, a jaw surgical procedure
* Methylmalonic acidemia, an autosomal genetic disorder
* Methylmalonic acid
* Middle meningeal artery
* Monomelic amyotrophy, a motor neuron disease

## Museums

* Maria Mitchell Association, Nantucket, Massachusetts, US

## Politics and religion

* Metropolitan Manila Authority, predecessor of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), a Philippine government agency
* Medicare Modernization Act, a US law
* Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, a political alliance, Pakistan

## Science and technology

* Manual metal arc welding
* Methyl methacrylate, an organic compound
* Methylmalonic acid, a dicarboxylic acid
* MIDI Manufacturers Association
* Millimeter Array, an American radio telescope project
* Monomethylaniline, an aniline derivative
* Motor Mixing Algorithm, a rotation mechanism on Drone, mixing Thrust, Yaw, Pitch, and Roll principles
* Multimission Maritime Aircraft or P-8 Poseidon, US Navy program
* Tecnam MMA, a variant of the Tecnam P2006T aircraft
* 3-Methoxy-4-methylamphetamine, a psychedelic drug

## Schools

* Maine Maritime Academy, a public college in Castine, Maine, United States
* Massachusetts Maritime Academy, a public college in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, United States
* Massanutten Military Academy, a college-prep, military school in Woodstock, Virginia, United States
* Maximo Mirafuentes Academy, a private high school in Tagum, Davao del Norte, Philippines
* Milford Mill Academy, a public high school in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States
* Military Medical Academy, a teaching hospital in Sofia, Bulgaria
* Missouri Military Academy, a boarding school in Mexico, Missouri, United States
* Mayfield Montessori Academy, a private school in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines

## Music

* Melon Music Awards, an awards ceremony in South Korea
* Metro FM Music Awards, an awards ceremony in South Africa

## Military

* Military Manpower Administration, a Conscription agency in South Korea
# Srnicek

Srníček or Srnicek, female Srničková, is a surname of Czech origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Nick Srnicek (born 1982), Canadian writer and academic
* Pavel Srníček (1968–2015), Czech professional footballer
# Jake Lawlor

Jake Lawlor may refer to:
* Jake Lawlor (American football), (1907–1980), American football player and coach of American football, basketball, and baseball
* Jake Lawlor (English footballer), (born 1991), English association football player
# D'Amico–UM Tools

D'Amico–UM Tools is an Italian UCI Continental team founded in 2014, that participates in UCI Continental Circuits races.

## Team roster

    As of 15 February 2021.
| | Rider | Date of birth |
| Antonio Pio Bevilacqua (ITA) | Antonio Pio Bevilacqua (ITA) | (2002-05-22) 22 May 2002 (age 22) |
| Maksym Bilyi (UKR) | Maksym Bilyi (UKR) | (2001-01-16) 16 January 2001 (age 23) |
| Besnik Islami (ITA) | Besnik Islami (ITA) | (2002-09-17) 17 September 2002 (age 22) |
| Daniel Nastasi (ITA) | Daniel Nastasi (ITA) | (1999-05-10) 10 May 1999 (age 25) |
| Nicolas Nesi (ITA) | Nicolas Nesi (ITA) | (1997-09-13) 13 September 1997 (age 27) |
| Marco Pavan (ITA) | Marco Pavan (ITA) | (2000-10-17) 17 October 2000 (age 23) |
| | Rider | Date of birth |
| Vojislav Peric (UKR) | Vojislav Peric (UKR) | (2001-11-08) 8 November 2001 (age 22) |
| Alessio Riccardi (ITA) | Alessio Riccardi (ITA) | (2001-07-13) 13 July 2001 (age 23) |
| Luca Roberti (ITA) | Luca Roberti (ITA) | (2000-06-06) 6 June 2000 (age 24) |
| Jeferson Ruíz (COL) | Jeferson Ruíz (COL) | (2002-07-06) 6 July 2002 (age 22) |
| Daniel Smarzaro (ITA) | Daniel Smarzaro (ITA) | (1997-10-09) 9 October 1997 (age 26) |
| Luca Taschin (ITA) | Luca Taschin (ITA) | (1994-06-08) 8 June 1994 (age 30) |

## Major wins
### 2014

    Grand Prix Südkärnten, Andrea Pasqualon
    Stage 7 Vuelta a Colombia, Andrea Pasqualon

### 2015

    Albania Under-23 Road Race Championships, Iltjan Nika
    Albania Under-23 Time Trial Championships, Iltjan Nika

### 2016

    Ronde de l'Oise, Antonio Parrinello
    Coupe des Carpathes, Antonio Parrinello

## National champions
### 2015

    Under-23 Road Race, Iltjan Nika
    Under-23 Time Trial, Iltjan Nika
# Václav (film)

Václav is a Czech drama film, directed by Jiří Vejdělek in 2007.

## Cast

* Ivan Trojan as Václav Vingl
* Emília Vášáryová as Václav's mother
* Jan Budař as František
* Soňa Norisová as Lída
* Jiří Lábus as chief magistrate
* Petra Špalková as Majka
* Martin Pechlát as Father
* Martina Delišová as young mother
* Jan Vlasák as Pilecký
* Zuzana Kronerová as hostelry
* Gregor Bauer as little Václav
* Hynek Bečka as little František
* Miroslav Moravec - voice of little Václav's
* Jan Šťastný - voice of little František
# KOSY

KOSY may refer to:
* KOSY-FM, a radio station (95.7 FM) licensed to serve Amamosa, Iowa, United States
* KOSY (AM), a defunct radio station (790 AM) formerly licensed to serve Texarkana, Arkansas, United States
* KAAZ-FM, a radio station (106.5 FM) licensed to serve Spanish Fork, Utah, United States, which held the call sign KOSY or KOSY-FM from 1997 to 2013
* KKYR-FM, a radio station (102.5 FM) licensed to serve Texarkana, Texas, United States, which held the call sign KOSY-FM until 1989
# Ferdinand Barnett

Ferdinand Lee Barnett may refer to:
* Ferdinand Lee Barnett (Chicago) (1852–1936), journalist, lawyer, and civil rights activist in Illinois
* Ferdinand L. Barnett (Omaha) (1854–1932), journalist, politician, and civil rights activist in Nebraska
# Rudolf Helm

Rudolf Helm (2 March 1872 – 29 November 1966) was a German classical philologist.

## Life

Born Rudolf Wilhelm Oskar Helm in Berlin, he studied at the University of Berlin. After completing his studies, Helm traveled through Italy and Greece on a travel grant from the German Archaeological Institute. He was an assistant teacher for a short while. In 1897, he accepted the position of assistant to the Professor of Classical Philology at the Institute for Ancient Studies of the University of Berlin. As an assistant, Helm gave lectures, managed the institute's library, and assisted students. In 1899, he became a private lecturer until 1907 when he was appointed Associate Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Rostock, later becoming a full professor. In July 1920, Helm became the rector of the University until 1922.
He was suspended from teaching in 1933 from May to November because of mismanagement of club dormitory funds. Helm retired temporarily from 1937 to 1945, until he returned to teaching as a Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Rostock. He retired in 1948 and died in Kiel.

## Works

Helm edited all of the non-philosophical work by Apuleius, a task which took him 10 years to complete.
# MTV Ray Tracer graphic file

MTV ray tracer bitmap refers to the output format of the MTV ray tracer program by Mark T. VandeWettering. It is a simple uncompressed true-color raster image format, similar to binary PPM format. Its name comes from the author's initials, and has no connection with the television channel MTV or the MTV file format used by portable media players.
MTV format can also be used by Rayshade. Rayshade also uses a multi-image extension of it, consisting of multiple files concatenated together.
MTV uses Neutral File Format (NFF) as its input format.

## Identifiers

The MTV software uses a filename extension of .pic. Third-party applications that support this format sometimes use .mtv instead.

## Software

* ImageMagick
* Konvertor
* Netpbm: mtvtoppm
* XnView
# Ryszard Kierczyński

Ryszard Kierczyński (3 March 1902 (estimated) - 22 December 1971) was a Polish stage and film actor. He was the son of Tomasz Kieliszczyk, a labourer, and his wife Bronisława. In 1919, he graduated from high school in Warsaw and went on to study sociology at the Free Polish University. In 1924, he joined Juliusz Osterwa's Theatre Reduta and remained there until 1926. From 1926 to 1927, he belonged to the theatre group based in Łódź.
From September 1927, he began to use the name Kierczyński.
During the Second World War, he took an active part in the underground movement.

## Death

Kieliszczyk died on 22 July 1971 in Warsaw, aged 69.
# Tybalmia

Tybalmia is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
* Tybalmia breuningi Dillon & Dillon, 1952
* Tybalmia caeca Bates, 1872
* Tybalmia funeraria Bates, 1880
* Tybalmia ianthe Dillon & Dillon, 1945
* Tybalmia mydas (Lucas in Laporte, 1859)
* Tybalmia orbis Dillon & Dillon, 1945
* Tybalmia pixe Dillon & Dillon, 1945
* Tybalmia pupillata (Pascoe, 1859)
* Tybalmia tetrops Bates, 1872
# Setsuko Karasuma

Setsuko Karasuma (烏丸 せつこ, Karasuma Setsuko) is an actress and model born on 3 February 1955 in Ōtsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan. She attended Chukyo University, but left before finishing. She is employed by the From First Production talent agency. Karasuma made her debut as a Clarion Girl in 1980, moving quickly into the gravure idol scene. Her debut as a film actress came as she got the lead role in the 1980 adaptation of the Hiroyuki Itsuki novel Four Seasons・Natsuko (四季・奈津子, Shiki・Natsuko).

## Filmography
### Film

* Kaichōon (Sachiko Yoshii, 1980, ATG)
* Four Seasons・Natsuko (Natsuko, 1980, Toei)
* Manon (Mitsuko, 1981, Toho)
* Station (Yoshimatsu, 1981, Toho)
* Sukkari...sono Ki de (Sachiko Kasuga, 1981, Toho)
* Make Up (Mami, 1987)
* Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985)
* Twilight of the Cockroaches (Momoko, 1987, Herald Ace)
* Harōbari Nezumi (1991, Daei)
* Hokui 15° no Duo (Japanese woman living in Manila, 1991)
* Kiseki no Yama: Sayōnara Meiken Heiji (Keiko Kanō, 1992, Toho)
* Minami no Shima ni Yuki ga Furu (Tomomi Kanoya, 1995, Rebirth Films)
* Young Thugs: Nostalgia (1998)
* Haha no Iru Basho・Taifū Ikka (Michiko, 2004, Kaeru Cafe)
* Parōre (Sachiko, 2004, K&M)
* Hisao (2004)
* Ta ga Tame ni (2005, Pal Entertainment)
* Sō Kamoshirenai (2006, Synergy)
* Matsugane Ransha Jiken (2007)
* The Truth about Nanjing (2007)
* The Crimes That Bind (2018)
* You've Got a Friend (2022)
* Living in Two Worlds (2024), Hiroko Suzuki
Sources:

### Television

* Scarlet (2020)
# Cúber

Cúber is an artificial water reservoir located at the valleys of Puig Major and Morro de Cúber, on the island of Mallorca, Spain. With the Gorg Blau, they provide water to the city of Palma de Mallorca and the surrounding areas by the Almandrà torrent.
Cúber receives its name by the "possessió" near the reservoir: el Morro de Cúber. There is a refuge with a maximum capacity of 6 people with light proportioned by solar panels, a chimney and a table, but there aren't any beds in the refuge.
# It's Love

"It's Love" is a song by American rock band King's X from their 1990 album Faith Hope Love. It is the band's highest charting single, peaking at #6 on Mainstream Rock Tracks in 1990. The song is much noted for its Beatles-like sound. The picture seen on the front can also be found on the back of the booklet of the album Faith Hope Love.

## Track listing

* "It's Love"
* "We Were Born to Be Loved"
* "Six Broken Soldiers (Extended Version)"

## Charts

| Chart (1990) | Peak position |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 6 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 94 |
# Lyth Valley

The Lyth Valley is on the edge of the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. Until 2023, it gave its name to an electoral ward (one of 45 in South Lakeland). As a result of local government reorganisation in Cumbria, since 2023 it is part of the Westmorland and South Lakeland council area.
The valley is a U-shaped valley about 4 miles long and 1.5 miles wide, oriented in a roughly north-south direction. The River Gilpin, a tributary of the River Kent, runs through it, and the A5074 road runs through it from the village of Windermere towards southern destinations. There are no significant settlements in the valley.
The valley is sheltered by limestone hills and enjoys a relatively mild micro-climate for northern England. It is noted for its damson orchards.

## Literary associations

* Mrs Humphry Ward in her Helbeck of Bannisdale celebrated the valley in springtime, with its "mists of fruit blossoms. For the damson trees were all out, patterning the valleys".
* Margot Robert Adamson, the Scottish Renaissance poet, wrote of this "Wide silent valley/Beneath whose scree-faced hill the sea birds call".
* Alfred Wainwright maintained that "The supreme joy of the Lyth valley is its annual springtime renewal", with damson blossom "appearing as white puffs of smoke all over the valley".

## Drainage

The flat bottom of the valley was bog before being drained for the benefit of farmers. In recent years there has been controversy about the cost of the pumps that keep the valley drained. For some years the pumping has been funded by the Environment Agency, but the Agency decided that its resources would be better deployed in more populated areas of Cumbria. The creation of an Internal drainage board for the valley has been discussed as an alternative. The Agency committed itself to keeping the pumping stations in operation until 2020 to allow more time for a decision on how water level management would be organised in future.

### Ecological implications

There have been objections from environmentalists to a drainage regime that does not take account of the valley's contribution to biodiversity. It is argued that a less intensive drainage scheme would benefit wildlife, and still allow farming or paludiculture.
In 2014 it was reported that 35 ha of wetland habitat was being created in the Lyth Valley on the edge of the Sizergh estate. The project received funding from Natural England as part of a higher level stewardship scheme. It was hoped to attract bittern and other wildlife.
# Raj Bharath (actor)

Raj Bharath is an Indian actor who has appeared in Tamil language films.

## Career

Raj Bharath is the son of Malliyam Rajagopal,a film director and producer, who had been active in the 1970s. Raj Bharath briefly worked with Infosys. He handed out his portfolio to prominent directors, before gaining an opportunity to portray a small role in Sasi's Ainthu Ainthu Ainthu as an assistant to the villainous character portrayed by Sudesh Berry. Director Mysskin cast him as a villain in a wheelchair in the thriller Onaayum Aattukkuttiyum (2013), which Raj Bharath described as an "important breakthrough".

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2013 | Ainthu Ainthu Ainthu | Nikhil | |
| 2013 | Onaayum Aattukkuttiyum | Thamba | |
| 2016 | Natpathigaram 79 | Jeeva | |
| 2017 | Richie | Raghu | |
| 2018 | Andhra Mess | Rathna | |
| 2019 | Sigai | Prasath | Released on ZEE5 |
| 2019 | Gurkha | Thyagu | |
# Rudolf Katz

Rudolf Katz (23 November 1895 – 23 July 1961) was a German politician and judge. He was Vice President of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany.

## Biography

Katz was born in Falkenburg, Farther Pomerania (modern Złocieniec, Poland), to Leopold Katz, a teacher and Jewish Kantor, and Hulda Katz. The family moved to Kiel in 1897, where Katz grew up. He began to study law at the University of Kiel in 1913, but volunteered for the German Army in World War I. Katz served as a Lieutenant and was wounded several times, he finished his studies in 1919 and gained his doctorate in 1920.
Katz joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1920 and the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold in 1924. Katz was elected a member of the city council of Altona in 1929 and became its chairman in 1932. He worked as a lawyer (1924–1933) and notary (1929–1933) in Altona. In 1930, he left the Jewish Parish. Katz pleaded for communist defendants in the aftermath of the Altona Bloody Sunday of July 1932.
After Hitler took over power in Germany Katz fled to France in March 1933. Along with Max Brauer, a Social Democrat and mayor of Altona, Katz became an envoy for municipal administration of the League of Nations in Nanjing in October 1933. In 1935 he moved to the United States and worked at the Columbia University's Institute for Public Administration and as a journalist for the Neue Volkszeitung, a German-language newspaper of Social Democrat emigrants. Katz was a director of the Rand School of Social Science in New York and of The New Leader newspaper, he was active in the German Labour Delegation, part of the American Federation of Labor, and the "German-American Council for the Liberation of Germany from Nazism".
After Katz had lost his German citizenship because of the racialist Nazi laws, he became a United States citizen in 1941.
In July 1946 Katz returned to Germany along with Max Brauer and became Minister of Justice (1947–50) and Education (1948–49) in the State of Schleswig-Holstein. He regained his German citizenship in November 1947 and represented Schleswig-Holstein in the Parlamentarischer Rat, ("Parliamentary Council"), the predecessor of the West German Bundestag. In the negotiations of the German constitution Katz successfully proposed the invention of the Constructive vote of no confidence, while his suggestion to limit the number of members of the Bundestag to 300 and to implement a minimum threshold of 10 percent of votes failed.
In 1951 Katz became the Chairman of the second Senate and Vice President of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany. He was elected a member of the executive board of the International Commission of Jurists at the New Delhi Congress in 1959.
Katz was married to Agnes Kühl in 1933. He died in Baden-Baden.
# MacBrayne

MacBrayne may refer to:
* Caledonian MacBrayne, a state-owned operator of passenger and vehicle ferries between the mainland and islands surrounding Scotland
* David MacBrayne, holding company that owns Caledonian MacBrayne, traded in its own right until 1973
# Howard N. Cole

Lieutenant-Colonel Howard Norman Cole (22 March 1911 – 3 May 1983) OBE TD F.R.Hist.S DL was a serving officer in the British Army during the Second World War and was an author of books on military subjects.

## Life

Cole was born in Peckham in London in 1911, the son of Howard Norman Cole, a Works Manager for Diatomite, and Mabel Alice Cole.
A writer, historian and lecturer, Cole was the Deputy Lieutenant of the County of Hampshire from 1965 to 1983, the Honorary Remembrancer for the Borough of Aldershot from 1963 to 1974, and Curator of the Aldershot Local History Collection.
Cole first visited Aldershot in 1930 while serving in the 11th (Honourable Artillery Company and City of London Yeomanry) Brigade, part of the Territorial Army. A Lance Bombardier, Cole was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the Territorials on 20 July 1935. With the outbreak of the Second World War, and after serving time at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1942, he was promoted to the rank of Major. He was awarded an OBE in 1945 for services in north west Europe during the Second World War. Cole returned to Aldershot in March 1946 where he was employed by publishers Gale and Polden as military sales manager for more than thirteen years. There he raised and commanded the 667th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery (Hampshire) TA from 1947 to 1951.
In 1954 Cole provided the commentary for The Military Centenary of Aldershot, part 1 & part 2, a film produced by Aldershot Borough Council celebrating the Centenary of its association with the British Army.
Cole was appointed an Officer of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem in 1953, and a Commander in 1974. He lived in The Yayldens on Manor Road in Tongham in Surrey.
'Howard N. Cole Way', a street on the site of the former South Cavalry Barracks in Aldershot, was named in his honour in 1979. His collection of memorabilia and pictures of early Aldershot Military Town were donated to Aldershot Military Museum on his death in 1983.

## Publications

* Coronation and Commemorative Medals 1887–1953 Gale & Polden, Aldershot (1953)
* Coronation and Royal Commemorative Medals 1877–1977 J B Hayward & Son (1977)
* Heraldry in War: Formation Badges, 1939–1945 The Wellington Press (1946)
* Badges on Battledress: Post-War Formation Signs and Rank and Regimental Badges Gale & Polden Aldershot (1953)
* Formation Badges of World War Two: Britain, Commonwealth and Empire Arms & Armour (1985) ISBN 0-85368-078-7
* The Story of Aldershot: a History of the Civil and Military Towns Gale & Polden, Aldershot (1951)
* The Story of Catterick Camp 1915–1972 Headquarters Catterick Garrison (1972)
* Minden 1759 (Battles for Wargamers) Charles Knight, London (1972)
* NAAFI in Uniform Forces Press (1982)
* The Origins of Military Aldershot Aldershot Golden Jubilee Committee (1972)
* The Story of Bisley Gale & Polden, Aldershot (1960)
* A Surrey Village and its Church: The Story of Tongham
* On Wings of Healing: The Story of the Airborne Medical Services 1940–60 william Blackwood and Sons, London and Edinburgh (1963)
# Julian Hope, 2nd Baron Glendevon

Julian John Somerset Hope, 2nd Baron Glendevon (6 March 1950 – 29 September 2009) was a British opera producer and nobleman.

## Biography

Julian Hope was the elder son of Lord John Hope, later 1st Baron Glendevon and his wife, the former Mary Elizabeth Maugham, who was previously married to Vincent Paravicini and was the only child of novelist W. Somerset Maugham by his then mistress and later wife, Syrie Wellcome, daughter of the founder of Barnardo's. His godfather was Anthony Eden (1897-1977) and his godmother was Mrs. Paul Mellon (1910-2014). He had one sibling, Jonathan, and two half-siblings, Camilla and Nicholas Paravicini. The latter's son is Derek Paravicini, the blind autistic savant and musical prodigy.
He succeeded to his father's title in 1996.
Lord Glendevon was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He was resident producer at Welsh National Opera 1973-79 and associate producer at Glyndebourne Festival Opera 1974–81. His work was also seen at the Wexford Festival, San Francisco Opera, Dallas Opera and Paris.
He also worked in film and television, supervising the musical scores for Princess Caraboo and Onegin.
He never married, and on his death his title passed to his younger brother, Jonathan Hope.
# Sevenig bei Neuerburg

Sevenig bei Neuerburg is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# Cúl Camps

Cúl Camps (officially Kelloggs Cúl Camps) is a summer camp for children aged between 6 and 13 that teaches the skills of Gaelic games. The games are held all across Ireland and are run by the Gaelic Athletic Association and the various county boards. The camps teach Gaelic football and hurling and are normally taught by local volunteers from clubs around the county or county footballers. The camps work on different aspects of Gaelic games such as kick passing, shooting and hand passing etc.

## GAA Cúl Camps TV series

GAA Cúl Camps, is an Irish language sports educational television programme which was created in response to the cancellation, postponement or curtailment of many of the Cúl Camps during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland in the summer of 2020. Announced on 17 June, it began broadcasting on TG4 on 29 June. Actress Gráinne Bleasdale presents skills lessons from GAA stars Rena Buckley, Liam Rushe and Kevin Cassidy.