OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# University Musical Society

The University Musical Society (UMS) is a not-for-profit performing arts presenter located on the campus of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It was established in December 1880. While UMS is affiliated with the University of Michigan and is a regular collaborator with many university units, UMS supports itself through ticket sales, foundation and government grants, corporate and individual contributions, and endowment income.
UMS now hosts approximately 75 performances and more than 100 educational events each season. UMS presents performances in different venues located in Ann Arbor, each particularly suited to the events that occur there. These venues are not owned or operated by UMS and are rented for each performance.

## History

UMS was founded locally in Ann Arbor, Michigan, by local townspeople, university faculty, staff, and students who came together to perform Messiah (Handel). Their first performance of Handel's Messiah was done in December 1879. The group was led by Professor Henry Simmons Frieze and conducted by Professor Calvin Cady, and they called themselves The Choral Union. Since then, the Messiah has been performed annually by the group during the holiday season.
Many members of the newly founded Choral Union were also affiliated with the university. For this reason, the University Musical Society was established in December 1880. UMS included both the University Orchestra and Choral Union. Throughout the year, the groups presented a series of concerts that featured their two groups as well as local and visiting performing artists.
UMS has continued to grow and bring in performing artists, including internationally renowned orchestras, dance and chamber ensembles, jazz, Opera, and Theatre. This year marks UMS' 144th season. UMS's current president is Matthew VanBesien, former president of the New York Philharmonic.

## Mission statement

To inspire individuals and enrich communities by connecting audiences and artists in uncommon and engaging experiences.
# Replication (optical media)

In optical disc manufacturing, replication is the process of producing discs via methods that do not involve "burning" blank CD, DVD or other discs; the latter is known as duplication.
The replication of optical discs involves:
* the creation of a glass master from a client original master.
* the creation of a nickel stamper from that glass master.
* the injection molding of clear optical-grade polycarbonate substrates (clear discs) from that stamper.
* the metallizing and lacquering of those substrates to produce compact discs and DVDs.
# USS Engage

USS Engage is the name of two ships of the United States Navy.
* USS Engage (AM-93), an Adroit-class minesweeper, which dropped its name and was simply known by the designation PC-1597
* USS Engage (MSO-433), an Aggressive-class minesweeper that served from 1954 until 1992.
# Songshan, Liaoning

Songshan (Chinese: 松山; pinyin: Sōngshān) is a town of Taihe District, in the southern suburbs of Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, situated 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from downtown and located along China National Highway 102. As of 2011, it has 24 villages under its administration.
# Religions, Values, and Peak Experiences

Religions, Values, and Peak Experiences is a 1964 book about psychology by Abraham Maslow. Maslow addressed the motivational significance of peak experiences in a series of lectures in the early 1960s, and later published these ideas in book form.

## Overview

In contrast with the preoccupation of Freudian psychopathology, Maslow insisted on a "psychology of the higher life" which was to attend to the question "of what the human being should grow toward." In his work, Maslow described the experience of one's life as meaningful as being based on a feeling of fulfillment and significance.
Maslow's theory of "peak-experiences" has been compared to William James' "healthy-minded" religion. Maslow hypothesized a negative relationship between adherence to conventional religious beliefs and the ability to experience peak moments.
In Religions, Values, and Peak Experiences, Maslow stated that the peak experience is "felt as a self- validating, self-justifying moment which carries its own intrinsic value with it." Furthermore, the person is the "creative center of his (or her) own activities."
# Giovanni Battista Tagliasacchi

Giovanni Battista Tagliasacchi (26 August 1697 – 3 December 1737) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque period.
Tagliasacchi was born at Borgo San Donnino. For some time he painted historical scenes in the manner of his teacher Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole. He was also an excellent portrait painter. He was mainly active in Piacenza. Some of his works were painted for San Pietro, Piacenza.
# Roland Selmeczi

Roland Selmeczi (2 October 1969 – 30 January 2008) was a Hungarian actor. He played in theatre plays, in movies and television series, and provided dub in many television series like House M.D. (Dr. James Wilson), 24 (Jack Bauer), Sliders (Quinn Mallory) and Desperate Housewives (Mike Delfino). He also was known to dub Brad Pitt and Antonio Banderas several times.
He died in a car accident on 30 January 2008. He was 38 years old.
# Roland Shaw

Roland Shaw (born Roland Edgar Shaw-Tomkins; 26 May 1920 – 11 May 2012) was an English composer, musical arranger, and orchestra leader.
Shaw was born in Leicester and attended the Trinity College of Music. He served in the Royal Air Force in World War II leading RAF No 1 Band of the Middle East Forces. Following wartime service he arranged music for Ted Heath, Mantovani and many others.
The popularity of Shaw's arrangements of Bond themes led to More Themes from the James Bond Thrillers for the release of Thunderball with tracks from both albums released on a 1965 UK album called James Bond in Action. In 1966, his orchestra released a compilation entitled Themes for Secret Agents. In 1967 Themes from the James Bond Thrillers Vol.3 (released in the UK as More James Bond in Action) followed the release of Casino Royale and You Only Live Twice. Shaw came back in 1971 with a double album The Return of James Bond in Diamonds Are Forever (released as a single album in the UK as The Phase 4 World of Spy Thrillers) for the release of Sean Connery's return as Bond in Diamonds Are Forever. Shaw recruited guitarist Vic Flick to repeat his guitar playing on the Gypsy Camp track.
Shaw arranged the music in several films and composed the scores for The Secret of My Success (1965) and Straight on Till Morning (1972).
# Elizabeth Boott

Elizabeth Otis Lyman Boott (April 13, 1846 – March 22, 1888) was an American painter of still lifes, landscapes, and portraits. She was the daughter of the classical music composer Francis Boott and Elizabeth (née Lyman) Boott. She married Frank Duveneck, her former teacher, and lived in the Villa Castellini in Florence.

## Early life and education

Boott was born on April 13, 1846, in Boston, Massachusetts. She was the daughter of the composer Francis Boott and Elizabeth (née Lyman) Boott. Her mother, who died when she was 18 months old, was the eldest daughter of Boston Brahmin George Lyman and his first wife, who was the daughter of Harrison Gray Otis.
Boott was raised by her father in Italy. The pair returned to Boston in 1865.
Boott enrolled at the William Morris Hunt class for women in Boston in 1869, and also studied with Thomas Couture outside Paris for three consecutive summers (1876-1878). She (and her father) also spent the summer of 1879 studying with Frank Duveneck, an artist she and her father admired, in Munich.
Boott's work was shown in multiple exhibitions throughout the United States in the early 1880s. Her first solo show was held in Boston at J. Eastman Chase's Gallery in 1882.
On March 25, 1886, in Paris, Boott married Duveneck. The two had been engaged off and on since 1881. Following their wedding, they lived at the Villa Castellani with her father. Their son, Frank Boott Duveneck, was born on December 18, 1886. He became an engineer and married Josephine Whitney, the daughter of Henry M. Whitney.
She lived later in Paris with her husband and son. She died there on March 22, 1888, of pneumonia. Her memorial in Allori Cemetery in Florence was created by her husband's friend from Cincinnati, Clement Barnhorn in 1891

## Villa Castellini in Florence

Boott encouraged her teacher Frank Duveneck to move to Florence, with the idea of having him teach a class of women artists - instruction of a sort that was just then coming into vogue.
In the fall of 1879, after nearly a decade in Munich, Duveneck moved to Florence and more than a dozen of his painter friends came with him. They settled at the Villa Castellani, now the Villa Mercede, at Bellosguardo, designed in the 15th century by a follower of Michelangelo and owned in the 19th by a Boston family, who rented out to friends the spacious apartments that surrounded the villa's arcaded center court. It became a magnet for a lively group of male and female art students, and also attracted the attention of author Henry James, who wrote about her and her father's time at Villa Castellini in his novels, Portrait of a Lady and The Golden Bowl.

## Exhibitions

* 1883: American Water Color Society
* 1883: Boston Art Club
* 1883: National Academy of Design
* 1883: Boston Museum of Fine Arts
* 1883: Philadelphia Society of Artists
* 1884: Doll & Richards Gallery – Boston
* 1886: Paris Salon

## Gallery

* Apple Blossoms, Brooklyn Museum
* Apple Tree Branches, Cincinnati Art Museum
* Poppies, Brooklyn Museum
# Eleutherodactylus varleyi

Eleutherodactylus varleyi is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, and heavily degraded former forest.
# Elizabeth Ziegler Public School

Elizabeth Ziegler Public School is an elementary school located in Waterloo, Ontario, at 90 Moore Avenue South, roughly one kilometre east of Waterloo's city centre. As of 2009, the school serves junior kindergarten through grade 6. Its principal is currently Ms. Susan Marchiori, and it has a vice principal, Ms. MacNeill. The school also currently hosts one mixed grade 5&6 enrichment class for gifted students. In 2005 the school was ranked 971st out of 2,850 elementary schools in Ontario by the Fraser Institute, based on the results of grade 3 and 6 students on province-wide standardized tests.
The school was named after local teacher Elizabeth Ziegler, who had taught in Waterloo for 55 years. The original building was designed by Frank W. Warren of Hamilton and construction overseen by Alex Schnarr of Waterloo. It was officially opened on September 2, 1931 by George Henry, then the Premier of Ontario. At the time, it was Waterloo's third public elementary school. The first principal was C. J. MacGregor. Between 1940 and 1950 the school also housed some grade 9 classes because of overcrowding at Kitchener-Waterloo Collegiate and Vocational School.
On December 16, 1985, the school building was designated by the City of Waterloo as a heritage landmark under the provisions of the Ontario Heritage Act. The building was built in Gothic Revival style and cost $121,999 to build, a significant expenditure during the Great Depression. The building was three stories tall and originally had 16 rooms, including double-sized rooms for household science, kindergarten, manual training, and assembly. Included in the design of the school was a nod to Waterloo's official flower, the gladiolus, which Warren had carved above the main entrance. Two extensions were later made, one in 1955 and another, consisting mainly of a gymnasium, in 1987.
The school, which as of 2016 is the oldest school in Waterloo that is still operating, celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2006. Students celebrated on June 21, 2006 and an open house was held on October 14, 2006.
Lennox Lewis, former heavyweight boxing champion, attended the school in the late 1970s.
# Roller sports at the Summer World University Games

Roller sports was only contested at the 2017 Summer Universiade in Taipei, Taiwan.

## Events

| Event | 17 | Years |
| Men's 300 metres time trial | • | 1 |
| Men's 500 metres sprint | • | 1 |
| Men's 1000 metres sprint | • | 1 |
| Men's 10,000 metres elimination races | • | 1 |
| Men's 15,000 metres elimination races | • | 1 |
| Men's 3000 metres relay | • | 1 |
| Men's marathon | • | 1 |
| Men's speed slalom | • | 1 |
| Women's 300 metres time trial | • | 1 |
| Women's 500 metres sprint | • | 1 |
| Women's 1000 metres sprint | • | 1 |
| Women's 10,000 metres elimination races | • | 1 |
| Women's 15,000 metres elimination races | • | 1 |
| Women's 3000 metres relay | • | 1 |
| Women's marathon | • | 1 |
| Women's speed slalom | • | 1 |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 10 | 11 | 2 | 23 |
| 2 | South Korea (KOR) | 4 | 2 | 5 | 11 |
| 3 | Colombia (COL) | 1 | 3 | 7 | 11 |
| 4 | China (CHN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | Russia (RUS) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 48 |
# Ron Southwick

Ron Southwick (born May 20, 1951) played seven seasons of professional football, 1975–1981, as a linebacker in the Canadian Football League. Southwick played for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers from 1975 to 1978 and finished his career with the Toronto Argonauts.

## College career

Southwick attended McMaster University, from 1970 to 1974. In his four years, southwick proved to be a stalwart for the Marauders, winning team MVP in 1972. In his senior season Southwick was awarded the J. P. Metras Trophy, an accolade awarded to the top lineman in the CIS. During his 1974 CIS season, Southwick managed five interceptions which earned him a spot on the all-Canadian squad. Since his time at McMaster, Southwick has been named a Member the Marauders team of the 1970s as of October 4, 1994 as well the Marauders Team of the Century as of April 19, 2001. Southwick was also inducted into the McMaster Sports Hall of Fame in 1998. Southwick was also on family feud many times.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Città Ducale

The Diocese of Città Ducale (Latin: Dioecesis Civitatis Ducalis) was a Roman Catholic diocese in Italy, located in the city of Cittaducale in the Province of Rieti, in the Lazio region. In 1818, it was suppressed to the Diocese of L'Aquila.

## History

* 1502 January 24: Established as Diocese of Città Ducale (Civitatis Ducalis)
* 1505 November 8: Suppressed to the Diocese of Rieti
* 1508 October 17: Restored as Diocese of Città Ducale from Diocese of Rieti
* 1818 June 27: Suppressed to the Diocese of L'Aquila
* 1968: Restored as Titular Episcopal See of Città Ducale

## Ordinaries

* Matteo Orsini (bishop) (24 Jan 1502 – 8 Nov 1505 Appointed, Bishop of Calvi Risorta)
* Giacomo Alfaridio (16 Oct 1508 – 1511 Died)
* Giacomo de Massimi (12 Dec 1511 – 1525 Resigned)
* Felice de Massimi (7 Apr 1525 – 1573 Died)
* Pompilio Perotti (3 Jul 1573 – 4 May 1580 Appointed, Bishop of Guardialfiera)
* Valentino Valentini (14 Nov 1580 – 1593 Died)
* Giovanni Francesco Zagordo (7 Apr 1593 – 23 Feb 1598 Appointed, Bishop of Belcastro)
* Jorge de Padilla, O.P. (18 Aug 1598 – 1608 Died)
* Pietro Paolo Quintavalle (23 Mar 1609 – Aug 1626 Died)
* Nicola Benigno (8 Feb 1627 – 1632 Died)
* Pomponio Vetuli (24 Nov 1632 – 1652 Died)
* Sallustio Cherubini (8 Jan 1652 – 1659 Died)
* Giovanni Carlo Valentini (9 Jun 1659 – Aug 1681 Died)
* Francesco Di Giangirolamo (12 Jan 1682 – Oct 1685 Died)
* Filippo Tani, O.S.B. (1 Apr 1686 – 1 Jan 1712 Died)
* Pietro Giacomo Pichi (10 Jan 1718 – Mar 1733 Died)
* Francesco Rivera (22 Jun 1733 – 25 May 1742 Appointed, Archbishop of Manfredonia)
* Angelo Maria Marculli, O.S.A. (25 May 1742 – 10 May 1745 Appointed, Bishop of Bitetto)
* Niccola Maria Calcagnini (10 May 1745 – 20 Aug 1786 Died)
* Pasquale Martini (18 Jun 1792 – 1798 Died)
# Romania at the 2018 European Championships

Romania competed at the inaugural 7 sports 2018 European Championships from 2 to 12 August 2018. It competed in 6 sports.

## Medallists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Gold | Mădălina Bereș Denisa Tîlvescu | Rowing | Woman's coxless pair | 4 August |
| Gold | Ștefan Berariu Ciprian Huc Cosmin Pascari Mihăiță Țigănescu | Rowing | Men's coxless four | 4 August |
| Gold | Adriana Ailincăi Viviana Iuliana Bejinariu Mădălina Bereș Daniela Druncea Beatrice-Mădălina Parfenie Iuliana Popa Denisa Tîlvescu Maria Tivodariu Ioana Vrînceanu | Rowing | Women's eight | 4 August |
| Silver | Iuliana Buhuș Mădălina-Gabriela Cașu Mădălina Hegheș Roxana Parascanu | Rowing | Women's coxless four | 4 August |
| Silver | Robert Glință | Swimming | Men's 50 metre backstroke | 4 August |
| Silver | Marian Enache Ioan Prundeanu | Rowing | Men's double sculls | 5 August |
| Silver | Denisa Golgotă | Gymnastics | Women's floor exercise | 5 August |
| Bronze | Marius Cozmiuc Ciprian Tudosă | Rowing | Men's coxless pair | 4 August |
| Bronze | Constantin Adam Vlad Dragoș Aicoboae Sergiu Bejan Adrian Damii Alexandru-Cosmin Macovei Alexandru Matincă Adrian Munteanu Cristi Ilie Pîrghie Constantin Radu | Rowing | Men's eight | 5 August |
| Bronze | Denisa Golgotă | Gymnastics | Women's vault | 5 August |
# Ronald Levy

Ronald Levy may refer to:
* Ronald Levy (athlete)
* Ronald Levy (scientist)
# Senator Sandoval

Senator Sandoval may refer to:
* Martin Sandoval (born 1964), Illinois State Senate
* Paula Sandoval (fl. 2010s), Colorado State Senate
# Senator Sands

Senator Sands may refer to:
* Ernest Sands (1922–2012), North Dakota State Senate
* Joshua Sands (politician) (1757–1835), New York State Senate
# Secretary of The Navy Shipyards

The Astilleros de la Secretaría de Marina (Mexican Secretary of The Navy Shipyards), are also known as ASTIMAR. The yards are dependent on the Mexican General Directorate of Naval Construction of the Mexican Navy, which carries out various types of naval construction and repairs in the Mexican territory.

## Facilities

These yards have five facilities:
* In the Gulf of Mexico
** Shipyard Marina 1 (ASTIMAR 1) in Tampico, Tamaulipas
** Shipyard Marina 3 (ASTIMAR 3) in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz
* In the Pacific Ocean
** Shipyard Marina 6 (ASTIMAR 6) in Guaymas, Sonora
** Shipyard Marina 18 (ASTIMAR 18) in Acapulco, Guerrero
** Shipyard Marina 20 (ASTIMAR 20) in Salina Cruz, Oaxaca
The construction of the Ocean Patrol Vessels (OPV) are being carried out in the yards No. 1 and 20 in Salina Cruz and Tampico, respectively, where other 14 ships that make up the Holzinger, Sierra, Durango and Oaxaca Class ships were previously built. Since 2008, two more Oaxaca Class patrols are being built, and are expected to be commissioned in 2010.

## Ships built

* Holzinger Class
* Sierra class
* Durango class
* Oaxaca class
* Tenochtitlan class
* Isla Madre class
* Polaris class
* Reformador class
* Montes Azules-class logistics ship

## Pending projects

By 2009 the Navy Shipyards have several projects without resource allocation in the budget expenditure of the Federation:
* In 2009 the Navy Shipyards will be building two more Oaxaca Class ships, hull number 40 and 86 in yards in 1 and 20.
** On July 23, 2009. The naval shipyards launched the ARM Independencia (Independence). It's expected to enter service in June 2010.
** On November 23, 2009. The naval shipyards launched the ARM Revolución (Revolution). It's expected to enter service in November 2010.
* Construction of five 75 tons vessels for territorial sea surveillance.

## Canceled projects

The Bulom Project of the Mexican ASTIMAR was to build a national design that could be used as a ship or an amphibious multipurpose logistics support ship. Its intended displacement was planned to be on the order of 4500–5000 tons and could carry up to 200 troops plus a crew of 63 sailors, but it was canceled due to lack of funds from the Ministry of the Navy.
# Elia Rokowailoa

Elia Rokowailoa, known also as Willie Rokowailoa (born 22 July 1958) is a former Fijian dual-code rugby player. He played as fly-half. He was also a soldier.

## Career

His first cap for the Fiji was against Samoa, at Apia, on 12 June 1982. He was also part of the 1987 Rugby World Cup squad, where he played three matches. He still played in the national team, although not being called in the 1991 Rugby World Cup Fijian squad. His last international cap was against Tonga, at Nuku'alofa, on 17 July 1993. Along with Mosese Taga, Salacieli Naivilawasa, Usaia Daunivalu, Lai Tawake, Alifereti Dere, Nemani Matirewa, Esala Teleni, Pauliasi Tabulutu, and Fotu Waqabaca, Rokowailoa was also a member of the Suva team that won the coveted Farebrother-Sullivan Trophy from Nadi in 1988.
# Semi-orthogonal matrix

In linear algebra, a semi-orthogonal matrix is a non-square matrix with real entries where: if the number of columns exceeds the number of rows, then the rows are orthonormal vectors; but if the number of rows exceeds the number of columns, then the columns are orthonormal vectors.
Equivalently, a non-square matrix A is semi-orthogonal if either
    $A^{\operatorname {T} }A=I{\text{ or }}AA^{\operatorname {T} }=I.\,$
In the following, consider the case where A is an m × n matrix for m > n. Then
    $A^{\operatorname {T} }A=I_{n},{\text{ and}}$
    $AA^{\operatorname {T} }={\text{the matrix of the orthogonal projection onto the column space of }}A.$
The fact that A$^T$A=I$_n${\textstyle A^{\operatorname {T} }A=I_{n}} implies the isometry property
    $\|Ax\|_{2}=\|x\|_{2}\,$ for all x in R$^n$.
For example, ${\begin{bmatrix}1\\0\end{bmatrix}}$ is a semi-orthogonal matrix.
A semi-orthogonal matrix A is semi-unitary (either A$^†$A = I or AA$^†$ = I) and either left-invertible or right-invertible (left-invertible if it has more rows than columns, otherwise right invertible). As a linear transformation applied from the left, a semi-orthogonal matrix with more rows than columns preserves the dot product of vectors, and therefore acts as an isometry of Euclidean space, such as a rotation or reflection.
# Romanisation of Assamese

Romanisation of Assamese is the representation of the Assamese language in the Latin script. Various ways of romanisation systems of Assamese are used.