OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Turkman style

Turkman style is a style in Persian miniature painting that emerged in the late 15th-century. The British art scholar Basil William Robinson coined the term in the 1950s to differentiate this style from a more polished style made in courts of Timurid and Turkman rulers. It was given the name "Turkman" because the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu tribes, known as Turkmans, ruled western Iran in the second half of the 15th-century, where the Turkman style was centered.
In an effort to differentiate a specific painting style that flourished in Iran during the 15th-century in the paintings created under the Timurid Empire, Western historians coined the notion of Turkman style in the middle of the 20th-century. When Persian miniature painting was initially periodized in the 1930s, there were initial attempts to identify Turkman paintings. The German art scholar Ernst Kühnel used published samples from significant collections of Persian painted manuscripts to categorize the paintings of each era. He included the paintings made under the Qara Qoyunlu in the division of the "Tabriz School," and considered them as an evolution of the styles developed under their predecessors, particularly the Jalayirids, in his article in Pope and Ackerman's Survey of Persian Art (1938–1939). With the publication of a study in 1954 by Basil William Robinson that offered stylistic standards for identifying what he termed "Turkman Commercial" and described its evolution up to 1505, the term became firmly established.
Between the 1480s and the 1490s, the Turkman style thrived. It nearly vanished after the Safavid dynasty toppled the Aq Qoyunlu at the start of the 16th-century, followed by a new painting style quickly emerged to take its place.
# Sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate

Sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS) is an important component of laundry detergents and bleaches. It is known as a bleach activator for active oxygen sources, allowing formulas containing hydrogen peroxide releasing chemicals (specifically sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, sodium perphosphate, sodium persulfate, and urea peroxide) to effect bleaching at lower temperatures.

## Synthesis

NOBS is formed by the reaction of nonanoic acid (or its esters) with phenol followed by aromatic sulfonation using SO$_3$ to form a sulfonic acid at the para-position.

## Bleach activation

NOBS was developed by Procter & Gamble in 1983 and was first used in American laundry detergents in 1988. NOBS is the main bleach activator used in the U.S.A. and Japan. Compared to TAED, which is the predominant bleach activator used in Europe, NOBS is efficient at much lower temperatures. At 20 °C NOBS is 100 times more soluble than TAED in water. When attacked by the perhydroxyl anion (from hydrogen peroxide), NOBS forms peroxynonanoic acid (a peroxy acid) and releases the leaving group sodium 4-hydroxybenzene sulfonate, which is an inert by-product.
# Thoracic spinal nerve 1

The thoracic spinal nerve 1 (T1) is a spinal nerve of the thoracic segment.
It originates from the spinal column from below the thoracic vertebra 1 (T1).

## Additional images

* Thoracic spinal nerve 1
# Visual reinforcement audiometry

Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) is a key behavioural test for evaluating hearing in young children. First introduced by Liden and Kankkunen in 1969, VRA is a good indicator of how responsive a child is to sound and speech and whether the child is developing awareness to sound as expected. Performed by an audiologist, VRA is the preferred behavioral technique for children that are 6 – 24 months of age. Using classic operant conditioning, a stimulus is presented, which is followed by a 90 degree head turn from midline by the child, resulting in the child being reinforced with an animation. The child is typically seated in a high chair or on a parent's lap while facing forward. A loud speaker or two are situated at 45 or 90 degrees from the child. As the auditory stimulus is presented, the child will naturally search for the sound source, resulting in a head turn and reinforcement is followed shortly after through an animated toy or video next to the speaker where the auditory stimulus was presented. Using VRA, an audiologist can obtain minimal hearing thresholds ranging in frequencies from 250 Hz - 8000 Hz using speakers, headphones, inserts earphones or through a bone conduction transducer and plot them on an audiogram. The results from the audiogram, paired with other objective measures such as a Tympanogram, Otoacoustic emissions testing and/or Auditory Brainstem Response testing can provide further insight into the child's auditory hearing status as well as future treatment plans if deemed necessary. VRA works well until about 18–24 months of age. Above 18–24 months of age, children need more interesting tasks to hold their attention, which is when audiologists introduce Conditioned Play Audiometry.
Conditioned orientation reflex (COR) is a variant of VRA where more than one sound is used. The key difference between COR and VRA is that COR is dependent on the child to have the ability to detect and localize the sound, whereas VRA only requires the child to have a head turn response after the auditory stimulus is presented, they do not need to accurately localize the sound as well.
# George Hutcheson

George Hutcheson (died 1639), of Lambhill, Lanarkshire, was joint-founder with his younger brother Thomas Hutcheson, of Hutchesons' Hospital, Glasgow, which continues to live on today as the independent Hutchesons' Grammar School

## Life

George Hutcheson became a public writer and notary in Glasgow, and by his success in business added considerably to the wealth he had inherited from his father. For a long time he lived in the house where he carried on business, situated on the north side of the Trongate, near the Old Tolbooth. In 1611 he built for his residence the house on the River Kelvin near its junction with the Clyde, known as the Partick Castle, and, to some sources, as "Bishop's Castle," since it once was the site of a country retreat for the medieval Bishops of Glasgow.
Hutcheson acquired a high reputation for honesty, and as an illustration of his moderation in his charges, it is stated that he would never take more than sixteen pennies Scots for writing an ordinary bond, be the sum ever so large. He died, apparently unmarried, 31 December 1639, and was buried on the south side of Glasgow Cathedral.

## Hutchesons' Hospital

By deed bearing date 16 December 1639 he mortified and disposed a tenement of land on the west side of the old West Port of Glasgow with yard and tenements there, for the building of one perfyte hospital for entertainment of the poor, aged, decrepit men to be placed therein, for whose maintenance after the hospital should be built he also mortified certain bonds amounting to the principal sum of twenty thousand merks. The inmates were to be aged and decrepit men above fifty years of age who had been of honest life and conversation. Other mortifications to the hospital were made by his brother Thomas. George also granted legacies to his brother Thomas and to three nephews, but descendants of two of these nephews died poor men in the hospital. The hospital lives on today as Hutchesons’ Grammar School.
# Southport Historic District

Southport Historic District may refer to:
* Southport Historic District (Fairfield, Connecticut), listed on the NRHP in Connecticut
* Southport Historic District (Southport, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in North Carolina
# Semnoz

Semnoz (French pronunciation:) is a mountain of Haute-Savoie, France. It lies in the Bauges range. It has an altitude of 1,699 m (5,574 ft) above sea level. The mountain is crossed by the D41/D110 road near to the Crêt de Chatillon at an altitude of 1,660 m (5,446 ft).

## Tour de France

The penultimate stage of the 2013 Tour de France (Stage 20) saw a summit finish on Semnoz, 125 km (78 mi) after departing from Annecy. The mountain has featured in the Tour previously, but this was during a neutralized stage in the wake of the 1998 Festina affair.

## Details of the climb

The Crêt de Chatillon can be reached by road from three directions. From the south, the climb via the D110 commences at the village of Leschaux from where the ascent is 13.4 km (8.3 mi) long climbing 763 m (2,503 ft) at an average gradient of 5.7% with a maximum gradient of 10.2%.
From the north, the climb via the D41 commences in Annecy, from where the road is 17.4 km (10.8 mi) long climbing 1,212 m (3,976 ft) with an average gradient of 7%.
From the west, the climb commences at Quintal and uses the D241 before reaching the D41 after 3.5 km (2.2 mi). The total climb is 11.3 km (7.0 mi) long gaining 922 m (3,025 ft) in height at an average gradient of 8.2%. This is the route used on Stage 20 of the 2013 Tour de France and is ranked as an Hors catégorie climb. The route to the summit from the start at Annecy crosses the Col de Leschaux (944 m (3,097 ft)) after 17.5 km (10.9 mi) before descending to Saint-Jean-d'Arvey.
# Crocus scharojanii

Crocus scharojanii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Crocus of the family Iridaceae. It is found from Northeastern Turkey to the Caucasus.
# Isharheri

Isharheri is a village in Hansi-I mandal of the Hisar district, in the Indian state of Haryana.
# Los Lingues

Hacienda Los Lingues, in English Los Lingues Ranch, is located in Chile’s Central Valley 78 miles south of Santiago. Currently dedicated to the hotel business.
Family member Germán Claro Lyon is the general manager.
The hacienda operates a horse breeding farm with horses of the Aculeo breed. Their horses were used by Rosie Swales in 1984, when she rode the entire length of Chile as described in her book “Back to Cape Horn.” (The book provides additional history of the Hacienda.) Visitors can ride similar horses at the Hacienda, with a guide. The Hacienda is open for day visitors, group events, and overnight guests.

## History

The origins of the Hacienda date back to the end of the 16th century. At that time he settled in the Valley of Santiago, Don Melchor Jufré del Águila, Hidalgo Extremadura, son of a knight of the Military Order of Santiago, who served as Mayor of the capital in 1599. As a writer and chronicler, It gained prestige in the Santiago society and was graced by the King of Spain with the Estancia de la Angostura, located in the Central Valley. Hacienda Los Lingues is inherited later by his daughter Doña Ana María del Águila, wife of the Governor of Chile, Don Diego González Montero (1662-1670). Both are ancestors of the Don José Gregorio Argomedo and Montero del Águila, who was born there in 1767.

## Links

Official webcite
# Thoracic limb

A thoracic limb is a limb attached to the thorax. It may refer to one of these topics:
* Upper limb, in human anatomy
* Forelimb, in animal anatomy
* Arthropod limb, in insect anatomy
# Luis Chiriboga

Luis Chiriboga Acosta (born October 6, 1946) is an Ecuadorian businessman, civil engineer and sports administrator. He is the former President of the Ecuadorian Football Federation (FEF), a former member of the CONMEBOL Executive Committee and a former FIFA standing committee member.

## Early life and education

Chiriboga was born in Riobamba. He graduated from the Central University of Ecuador as a civil engineer.

## FIFA's fraud case

In 2015, Chiriboga was indicted with two others of money-laundering. He was also found to have accepted bribes from various media companies, and was banned for life by FIFA from football-related activities. In addition, a fine of 1 million Swiss francs was imposed.
# George Freeman (pianist)

George Freeman is an American jazz pianist, composer, and producer, from North Carolina.
* Freeman's musical career began on a professional level when he first accompanied Pamela Williams, jazz saxophonist, at the 1st Annual Jazz on the River Festival in Fayetteville, North Carolina, for then WFSS 91.9, in October 2006. From that point, Freeman worked behind the scenes writing, arranging, playing, producing and directing for other jazz artists to include Karen Briggs, Eric Darius, Marcus Johnson and many others.
* On September 21, 2011, he and then Main Street the Band, played for the late Vesta Williams at her final performance on September 17, 2011, in Portsmouth, Virginia at the Autumn Jazz Explosion. Part of this performance is viewable on the Vesta Williams - Unsung documentary, which was released on January 2, 2012.
* In 2015, Freeman released his first album, Make It Happen, for Low Key Productions. The first single, "Night Lights", released to radio in March 2015, and placed 27th on the Billboard Smooth Jazz Song Chart on May 30, 2015.

## Discography

| Year | Album/Single | Genre | Label |
| 2019 | Limitless | Jazz | Low Key Productions |
| 2017 | Neo Jingle Bells | Jazz/Holiday | Low Key Productions |
| 2015 | Make It Happen | Jazz | Low Key Productions |
# Spears (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Spears is the 1985 debut album by fusion band Tribal Tech, a project led by guitarist Scott Henderson and bassist Gary Willis.

## Track listing

* All songs written by Scott Henderson, except "Tribal" by Scott Henderson and Gary Willis.
* "Caribbean" – 8:13
* "Punkin Head" – 6:10
* "Ivy Towers" – 4:49
* "Tribal" – 2:12
* "Spears" – 7:10
* "Island City Shuttle" – 7:28
* "Big Fun" – 7:58

## Personnel

* Scott Henderson - Guitars
* Pat Coil - Keyboards
* Gary Willis - Bass
* Steve Houghton - Drums
* Brad Dutz - Percussion
* Bob Sheppard - Sax, Flute

## Production

* Executive Producer: Brad Dutz
* Arranged & Produced By Scott Henderson
* Recorded & Mixed By Alan R. Hirschberg, with assistance by John Guggenheim
* Mastered By Steve Hall at Future Disc
* All Songs Published By Mango Prom Music
# JAC V7

The JAC V7 is a mid-sized pickup truck produced by JAC Motors for the Chinese market.

## Overview

The JAC V7 pickup was launched in the Chinese market in 2018, with prices ranging from 71,800 yuan to 83,800 yuan as of 2020.
The engine options of the JAC V7 includes a 2.0 liter gasoline engine and a 2.0 liter diesel engine. The gasoline engine produces a maximum power of 147 hp (108 kW) and a torque of 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft), while the JAC V7 fitted with the diesel engine is capable of delivering a maximum power of 116 hp (85 kW) and a torque of 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft). The styling of the JAC V7 pickup is controversial as the front end design heavily resembles the Toyota Hilux.
# Crocus sieberi

Crocus sieberi, Sieber's crocus, also referred to as the Cretan crocus or snow crocus (as is Crocus chrysanthus), is a plant of the genus Crocus in the family Iridaceae. A small, early blooming crocus, it easily naturalises, and is marked by a brilliant orange which is mostly confined to the stamens and style, fading through the bottom third of the tepal. It grows wild generally in the Balkans: Greece, especially in the island of Crete, Bulgaria, Albania and North Macedonia. There are four subtypes: sieberi (Crete), atticus (Attica area around Athens), nivalis and sublimis. Its cultivars are used as ornamental plants. Height: 3–4 inches (7.6–10.2 cm).

## Subspecies

There are four subspecies of C. sieberi.
* Crocus sieberi subsp. sieberi - Native to Crete: flowering in April. The white flowers with yellow throats stand up to 8 cm, the outer surfaces of the flowers are marked with varying degrees of purple. The branched styles are deep orange or yellow.
* Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus - Native to the Attica region of Greece, it has lilac-blue or violet flowers with yellow throats. The corm tunics are more coarsely netted than the other subspecies. It is found growing in stony areas in the mountains and in woods and scrub areas usually above 1000 meters, with flowering occurring from March to June.
* Crocus sieberi subsp. sublimis - Native to the Peloponnese, southern Albania, North Macedonia, and also found in southern Bulgaria, has pale lilac flowers with pale yellow throats.
* Crocus sieberi subsp. nivalis - Native to the Peloponnese with lilac-blue flowers that have yellow throats.

## Uses

Crocus sieberi is cultivated in gardens as an ornamental plant for its flowers. It has also been used as food; in Greece the corms are eaten raw - with the flavor said to resemble hazelnuts. In Turkey, the leaves are eaten as greens.

## Cultivars

Examples:
* 'Bowles's White'agm (white with orange centre)
* 'Firefly' (lilac)
* 'Hubert Edelsten'agm is a cross between Crocus sieberi subsp. sieberi and Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus. (outside deep purple with broad white bands, inside pale lilac with orange center)
* 'Ronald Ginns' (pale pink to white petals with dark purple feathering on the outside and a yellow throat)
* 'Tricolor'agm (gold centre, middle white band, outer rich lilac-blue edge)
* 'Violet Queen' (deep amethyst-violet flowers, paler within, with a rich, golden centre)
* Crocus sieberi subsp. sublimis forma tricolor burtt. - from Mt. Chelmos in the northern Peloponnese. Plants are more variable than the cultivar 'Tricolor', with bright lilac flowers that have bright orange throats and a white band.
The cultivars marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
* Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus 'Bowles White'
* Crocus sieberi corms
# Guilt (The Long Blondes song)

"Guilt" is the second and last single to be taken from The Long Blondes' second album "Couples". It was released on 30 July 2008 as a limited edition 2-track 7" vinyl only.
The video for Guilt is set in a dog show. The band agreed to their suggestion to set the video in a dog show after receiving numerous literal interpretations of the lyrics. It was accompanied by one b-side called "Melville Farr" which is based on Dirk Bogarde's character in the 1961 British film Victim.
"Guilt" was well received by critics and fans alike, with some critics calling it their most accomplished effort to date. The single reached number 24 in the UK Indie Chart. The song did really well considering the lack of promotion, airplay and Dorian Cox being ill at the time of release.
"Good as Gold" is the only song by The Long Blondes not to be sung by Kate Jackson. It is sung by bassist Reenie Hollis.

## Track listing

All lyrics written by Dorian Cox, music by The Long Blondes.
* 7"
* Side A "Guilt (Dan Carey Mix)"
* Side B "Melville Farr"
* Digital download
* "Guilt (Dan Carey Mix)"
* "Melville Farr"
* "Good as Gold"
* "Too Happy"
# Los Limones

Los Limones is a small community in the north east part of María Trinidad Sánchez Province, Dominican Republic. It is located in the El Pozo municipal district. It is an important place in the Nagua valley. The demographic makeup of the place includes those who work in the rice plantations, which provides a sustainable economic prosperity.
The story behind the name of the community probably dates to before the locality was colonized. The story tells of the peasants who worked the rice fields and had to travel the distance by foot; they would stop to rest at the lemon trees close to the entry area of the community, on their way to and from work, giving rise to the name.

## Points of interest

* Parroquia Nuestra Senora Del Rosario – the church serves as a hub for Catholic religious events.
* Play De Baseball Los Limones – the hub for all sporting events, located centrally in the community.
* D 'Lemon Bar – a large community center close to the rice fields with indoor and outdoor gathering areas, also used for events such as graduation ceremonies and parties.
* Centro Cervecero KJS – A recreation center for adults located close to the entrance of the community, it has long been recognized as a point of reference.
* Club Salome Urena – The local community club, it has been long neglected. It was used for social events in the past but serves as a center for union meetings. In addition, it also has a basketball court on premises.

## Religion

Catholicism and Protestantism are the two major denominations within the community, with Catholicism being larger and also the official religion. Protestantism has started gaining acceptance among the local populace with the increase evangelical religious leaders and the construction of various religious buildings.

## Notable people

* Viviana Mercedez – She was a local community activist and has contributed significantly to the municipality and was also instrumental in forming the local parish. She died in 2007.
# Julian Hosking

Julian Hosking (1953-1989) was a British ballet dancer and a former principal dancer with the Royal Ballet.
Hosking was born in Cornwall of a Viennese mother and Cornish father. He entered White Lodge aged 11 and progressed to the Royal Ballet School. Joining the company in 1970, he danced a wide range of roles across the Royal Ballet repertoire at Covent Garden from 1971 to 1986. These included leads in Kenneth MacMillan's 1979 La Fin du jour and his 1980 Gloria for the Royal Ballet. He became a Principal in 1980. He also danced in the premieres of Manon, Four Schumann Pieces, and Consort Lessons, and the first performances by the Royal Ballet of Liebeslieder Walzer, My Brother, My Sisters and Return to the Strange Land.
In 1983, Hosking danced a lead role in Glen Tetley's Dances of Albion: Dark Night Glad Day, and Anna Kisselgoff writing in the New York Times called him "the hero of the evening".
Hosking took time away from the Royal Ballet from 1975 to 1977 to study Egyptology and art in Italy with the artist, André Durand. Hosking who lived with Durand for eight years, was the subject of many paintings, the artist painted, both mythological (Miracles and Metamorphous) and portraits.
He may be seen as Edward Gordon Craig (a role he created) in the television filmed version of Isadora from 1982 (issued on DVD in 2011 by Odeon Entertainment, with the 1968 feature film Isadora) and as Paris in the 1984 Royal Ballet film of Romeo and Juliet.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Chișinău

The Diocese of Chișinău (in Latin: Dioecesis Chisinauensis, in Romanian: Dieceza Chișinăului) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church covering all of Moldova and the territory of the self-proclaimed state of Transnistria.
It is exempt, meaning that it is directly subordinate to the Holy See, not part of any ecclesiastical province with a metropolitan bishop.

## History

On 28 October 1993, it was established as the Apostolic Administration of Moldova (a missionary pre-diocesan jurisdiction), on territories split off from the Diocese of Iași (in Romania) and the Diocese of Tiraspol (later suppressed).
On 27 October 2001, it was promoted and renamed after its see (the national capital) as Diocese of Chișinău, to which the apostolic administrator was appointed as first residential bishop.

## Cathedral

The Cathedral of Chișinău is dedicated to the Divine Providence.

## Ordinaries

(all Roman Rite)

### Apostolic administrator of Moldova (1993–2001)

* October 28, 1993 – October 27, 2001 : Anton Coşa, Titular Bishop of Pesto (see) (1999.10.30 – 2001.10.27)

### Exempt Bishop of Chișinău (2001– )

* since October 27, 2001 : Anton Coşa