OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Death of the Reprobate

Death of the Reprobate (33.4 x 19.6 cm) is an oil on panel painting by a follower of Hieronymus Bosch which depicts the deathbed struggle for the human soul between an angel and a demon. It is held in a private collection in New York City, United States.
The painting is likely a copy of detail from a larger hell panel. It dates from the second half of the 16th century.
The style is somewhat similar to his Death of the Miser.
# Richard W. Scobee

Richard William Scobee (born April 13, 1964) is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Air Force. Scobee was commander of the Air Force Reserve Command at Robins Air Force Base from 2018 to 2022. He is the son of Dick Scobee, an American test pilot and astronaut who perished in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.

## Air Force career

Richard Scobee was born in Tucson, Arizona, and raised in Houston, Texas. He graduated from the United States Air Force Academy and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Air Force in 1986. He attended Euro-NATO Joint Jet Pilot training (ENJJPT) at Sheppard Air Force Base in Wichita Falls, Texas, graduating in 1987. He became an F-16 Fighting Falcon pilot, and was stationed Macdill Air Force Base, Ramstein Air Base, Shaw Air Force Base, and Kunsan Air Base throughout his career. He served as the commander of the 301st Fighter Squadron and the 301st Fighter Wing at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, and the 944th Operations Group and the 944th Fighter Wing at Luke Air Force Base. Additionally, he served as the commander of the 506th Air Expeditionary Group at Kirkuk Air Base in 2008. As a general officer, he has served as a Deputy Director of Operations at NORAD, the Commander of the Tenth Air Force, and as the Deputy Commander of Air Force Reserve Command. In September 2018, he assumed command of the Air Force Reserve Command.

## Awards and decorations

* US Air Force Command Pilot Badge
* Headquarters Air Force Badge
* Air Force Distinguished Service Medal with one bronze oak leaf cluster
* Defense Superior Service Medal
* Legion of Merit with one bronze oak leaf cluster
* Bronze Star Medal
* Meritorious Service Medal with four bronze oak leaf clusters
* Air Medal with oak leaf cluster
* Aerial Achievement Medal with oak leaf cluster
* Air Force Commendation Medal with oak leaf cluster
* Army Achievement Medal
* Joint Meritorious Unit Award
* Air Force Meritorious Unit Award
* Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with one silver oak leaf cluster
* Combat Readiness Medal
* National Defense Service Medal with one bronze service star
* Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
* Southwest Asia Service Medal with one bronze service star
* Iraq Campaign Medal
* Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
* Korea Defense Service Medal
* Humanitarian Service Medal
* Air Force Overseas Short Tour Service Ribbon with oak leaf cluster
* Air Force Overseas Long Tour Service Ribbon
* Air Force Expeditionary Service Ribbon with gold frame
* Air Force Longevity Service Award with three bronze oak leaf clusters
* Armed Forces Reserve Medal
* Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon with service star
* Air Force Training Ribbon

## Effective dates of promotions

| Rank | Date |
| Second Lieutenant | May 28, 1986 |
| First Lieutenant | May 28, 1988 |
| Captain | May 28, 1990 |
| Major | February 1, 1998 |
| Lieutenant Colonel | September 12, 2002 |
| Colonel | August 9, 2006 |
| Brigadier General | December 22, 2010 |
| Major General | March 26, 2015 |
| Lieutenant General | September 7, 2018 |
# Primera Fila

Primera Fila (English: Front row/First row) is a Sony Music album series and it may refer to:
* Primera Fila (Vicente Fernández album), 2008
* Primera Fila (Thalía album), 2009
* Primera Fila, a 2010 album by Mexican group OV7
* Primera Fila, a 2011 album by Argentinean singer-songwriter Miguel Mateos
* En Primera Fila, a 2011 album by Venezuelan singer-songwriter Franco De Vita
** Vuelve en Primera Fila, a 2013 album by De Vita
* Primera Fila, a 2012 by Italian singer Gigi D'Alessio
* Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik, a 2012 album by Mexican singers Sasha Sokol, Benny Ibarra and Erik Rubin
* Primera Fila (Fey album), 2012
* Primera Fila, a 2013 album by Spanish band La Oreja de Van Gogh
* En Primera Fila: Día 1, a 2013 album by Mexican singer Cristian Castro
** Primera Fila: Dia 2, a 2014 album by Castro
* La Guzmán: Primera Fila, a 2013 album by Mexican singer Alejandra Guzmán
* Primera Fila Flans, a 2014 album by Ivonne, Ilse, and Mimí, a Mexican group formerly known as Flans
* Primera Fila: Hecho Realidad, a 2014 album by American duo Ha*Ash
* Primera Fila, a 2015 album by Las Tres Grandes (composed of Guadalupe Pineda, Tania Libertad and Eugenia León)
* Roberto Carlos – Primera Fila, a 2015 album by Brazilian singer Roberto Carlos
* Primera Fila (Bronco album), a 2017 album by Mexican band Bronco
* Primera fila: Una Última Vez (Encore), a 2017 album by Mexican band Sin Bandera
* Primera Fila, a 2017 album by Mexican singer Yuri
* Primera Fila: Desierto, a 2017 album by Mexican singer Yuridia
# Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik

Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik (English: Front row: Sasha Benny Erik) is the first album by Mexican pop trio Sasha, Benny y Erik released on November 6, 2012 by Sony Music Latin. The live recording was taken from the concert performed in June 2012, and it includes two new songs "Cada Beso" (first single) and "Sólo Tú", three hits from each one, and two cover versions of Presuntos Implicados and Fito Paez

## Background and concept

The idea of joining the talents of three friends was suggested by themselves and the recording suggested them to make a "Primera Fila" concept recording with hits from each one. So nine songs are from solo hits from Sasha Sokol ("Serás el Aire", "No Me Extraña Nada", "Rueda Mi Mente"), Benny Ibarra ("Sin Ti", "Cielo", "Tonto Corazon") and Erik Rubin ("Dame Amor", "Cuando Mueres por Alguien", "Tu Voz"). They added two new songs, first single "Cada Beso" and "Sólo Tú", and two versions of "Como Hemos Cambiado" and "El Amor Después del Amor".

### Singles

The lead single from Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik, "Cada Beso", was released digitally on August 28, 2012. The song peaked at the first position in Mexico's airplay chart and in iTunes Mexico, remaining for many weeks within the top 5 positions and becoming a huge radio hit. Before the album release some tracks were digitally released, including "Serás el Aire", "Cuando Mueres por Alguien" and "Tonto Corazon", but none was an official single. In 2013, "Sin Ti" was released as second single of the album."Como Hemos Cambiado" was chosen as third airplay single.

### Tour

The tour started in October 2012 and has continued through 2013 inside Mexico. In February they performed three shows at Teatro Metropólitan", and they opened a date in the National Auditorium by April, but due to the success they had to add a second date the next day. They have played in cities as Guadalajara, Monterrey, Puebla, León , Mérida, among others. They will perform again in the National Auditorium in September.

### Commercial performance

Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik was certified gold one week after its release in Mexico for shipments of over 30,000 copies, according to the AMPROFON, According to AMPROFON, the physical format of the album debuted in the position #1 in Mexico, certified as gold. The same month was certified as Platinum, subsequently as Double Platinum, then as Double Platinum+ Gold for exceeding sales of 150, 000 sold copies in 2013. In May, the album was certified as Triple Platinum. In November 2013, Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik was certified Triple Platinum + Gold. Primera Fila: Sasha Benny Erik is officially recognized as the best-selling Spanish-language album in Mexico for 2013.

## Charts and certifications
### Weekly charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| Mexican Albums Chart | 1 |

### Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Mexico (AMPROFON) | 4× Platinum | 240,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Ringwood Football Club

Ringwood Football Club, nicknamed the Redbacks, is an Australian rules football team. It is based in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and is part of the Eastern Football League.

## History

Although football had been played in the district since the early 1890s, the club wasn't founded until 1899. Since its founding the club has always been involve in the local suburban competition in its area. From the Reporter League to the Ringwood District competition followed by the Croydon-Ferntree Gully FL and now the Eastern FL. The Ringwood Football Club was originally based at East Ringwood Reserve before relocating to Ringwood Reserve in 1930. In 1959, the Club relocated to Jubilee Park.
Ringwood Football Club had commenced by at least 1882
It became one of the founding clubs of the Eastern District Football League in 1962.

## Premierships

* 1923, 1924, 1932, 1934, 1948, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1962, 1972, 1976, 2005

## VFL/AFL players

* Aubrey Neal - Melbourne
* Enos Thomas - Melbourne, Essendon
* Joshua Croft - Footscray
* Tom McCaffrey - Fitzroy
* Stan Ogden - Richmond, Hawthorn
* Gordon Lindsay - Melbourne
* Jim Ross - St Kilda
* Jim Morgan - Hawthorn
* Stan Beal - Footscray
* Frank Slater - Richmond
* Robin Close - Essendon
* John Carpenter - Essendon
* Neil Clarke - Essendon
* Paul Van Der Haar - Essendon
* Paul Considine - Hawthorn
* Enrico Misso - St Kilda
* Geoff Parker - Essendon
* Haydn Robins - Melbourne, Richmond
* Kane Johnson - Adelaide, Richmond
* Matthew Banks - Essendon
* Mark Bolton - Essendon
* 1 2 "16 Jun 1899 - Ringwood Football Club Social. - Trove". Reporter. Trove.nla.gov.au. 16 June 1899. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
* ↑ TROVE - The Age 2/9/1882
* ↑ "Home". ringwoodfc.com.
# Preston High School

Preston High School is the name of several high schools:
In Canada:
In the United Kingdom:
In the United States:
* Preston High School (Idaho) in Preston, Idaho (known as the Napoleon Dynamite high school)
* Preston High School (Iowa) in Preston, Iowa
* Preston High School (Oklahoma) in Preston, Oklahoma
* Preston High School (Maryland), former high school in Preston, Maryland
* Preston High School (New York City) in the Bronx borough of New York City
* Preston High School (West Virginia) in Kingwood, West Virginia, serving Preston County
* Lake Preston High School in Lake Preston, South Dakota
In Australia
# Deiva Zivarattinam

Deiva Zivarattinam (born 3 December 1894, Pondicherry, d. 25 March 1975, Pondicherry) was an Indian politician. He represented Pondicherry (then a French colony) in the French Constituent Assembly election in 1945.
Zivarattinam studied law and became a lawyer. He was appointed to the provisional Constituent Assembly, that had been assembled by Charles de Gaulle in Algiers in November 1943. His mandate was validated on 13 January 1944. Zivarattinam was included in the Overseas Commission of the assembly. At the time, Zivarattinam's health was weak. On 7 November 1944 he moved to Paris to where the provisional Constituent Assembly had shifted. During the Paris sessions, he participated in Overseas Commission, Labour and Social Affairs Commission, Permanent Coordination Commission and the Muslim Affairs Commission.
In the 1945 French Constituent Assembly election, Zivarattinam stood as a candidate of the Social Democratic Union for the French India seat. He won the seat, having received 22,171 votes (46.8%). He sat in the Democratic and Socialist Resistance (RDS) group. In the assembly he was a member of the Overseas Commission and the Justice and General Legislation Commission. In the Overseas Commission (chaired by Lamine Guèye), he became one of the secretaries.
Zivarattinam lost his seat in the June 1946 elections, being defeated by Lambert Saravane. Zivarattinam received merely 18 votes.
Towards the end of French rule of Pondicherry, he led a political party called the Town Congress. The Town Congress favoured integration with India.
# Princess Alice of Bourbon-Parma

Princess Alice (Alicia) of Bourbon-Parma may refer to:
* Princess Alice of Bourbon-Parma (born 1849), daughter of Charles III, Duke of Parma and Princess Louise of Artois; married Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany
* Princess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma (1917–2017), daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria; married Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria
# Prince of Wales Challenge Cup

The Prince of Wales Challenge Cup is a rowing event for men's quadruple sculls at the annual Henley Royal Regatta on the River Thames at Henley-on-Thames in England. It is open to male crews from all eligible rowing clubs and has similar qualifying rules to the Ladies' Challenge Plate. Two or more clubs may combine to make an entry.
The trophy was donated to the regatta in 2007 by Mr. V. G. Saunders and was the prize awarded to the winner of the 1931 King's Cup Aero Race - E. C. T. Edwards, the brother of H. R. A. (Jumbo) Edwards.

## Past winners

| Year | Winner | Runner-Up |
| 2008 | California Rowing Club, U.S.A | Leander Club & London Rowing Club |
| 2009 | Oxford Brookes Univ & Durham Univ | Leander Club |
| 2010 | Leander Club | Tideway Scullers School |
| 2011 | Leander Club | Tideway Scullers School |
| 2012 | Leander Club | Durham Univ & Univ of London |
| 2013 | Leander Club | Aalesunds Roklub and Moss Roklubb, Norway |
| 2014 | Leander Club | RTHC Bayer Leverkusen, Germany |
| 2015 | Leander Club | Leander Club & Oxford Brookes Univ |
| 2016 | Schuylkill Navy, USA | Leander Club A |
| 2017 | Leander Club A | Leander Club B |
| 2018 | A.A.S.R. Skøll, Netherlands | Edinburgh Univ & Nottingham Rowing Club |
| 2019 | Edinburgh Univ & Nottingham RC | A.A.S.R. Skøll & Orca Rowing Club, Netherlands |
| 2020 | No competition due to COVID-19 pandemic | No competition due to COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2021 | Leander Club | Twickenham & Queen's University, Belfast |
| 2022 | Leander Club | Reading University Boat Club |
| 2023 | Leander Club | Hollandia Roeiclub, Netherlands |
| 2024 | Leander Club | A.A.S.R. Skøll, Netherlands |
# Ritan (Beijing)

The Ritan is a public park located in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. It is within the Jianguomen area. The nearest Beijing Subway station is Yong'anli on the Beijing subway Line 1. The park was initially home to the Temple of the Sun (simplified Chinese: 日坛; traditional Chinese: 日壇; pinyin: Rìtán), an altar built in 1530 during the late Ming Dynasty.

## History

The altar was built in 1530 during the late Ming Dynasty for use in ritual sacrifice to the sun by the Emperor of China. The original Altar of the sun was a rectangular white-stone dais covered with red glaze, and four stairways (north, east, south and west) with nine steps measuring 18.3 yards (16.7 m) in width and length, and 7 feet (2.1 m) in height. The temple had been destroyed and restored to reopen in 1556 to the public.
Upon entering the premises, the emperors would pass through the Heavenly West Gate and along the Sacred Way that led to the sun altar.
The temple was abandoned in 1911. Its park was renamed Ritan (or Ri Tan) Park in 1949 and reopened in 1951. In the 1970s, the Ritan Park became part of the embassy district of the city. In the 1980s, the park was restored and expanded southwards with the Quchi Shengchun garden (or Yuxin garden), and the Sun Mural was installed in the park to commemorate the opening policies of Deng Xiaoping and the end of Maoist policies.
During the 2008 Summer Olympics, it was selected as one of the three protest zones.

## Description

The area surrounding the Ritan temple is now a public park, and the site features extensive gardens and a small lake. On the opposite side of Beijing, to the west, is the Temple of the Moon, located in Fuchengmen. There is a Sino-Japanese Friendship Monument in the park, but it is hard to spot and not well indicated.
The Shen Ku and Shen Chu is the place where the tablets of the temple were found. The Qinghui pavilion is the high point with a panoramic view of the park. Below the pavilion is a pond with rockies, a café (the Stone Boat café), much lotus... Many people visit the park in the morning to practice tai chi or other forms of physical or spiritual exercises.
The park is free of charge and open 24 hours a day. Restaurants and snacks are available inside the park.
# Pristimantis exoristus

Pristimantis exoristus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Priochilus captivum

Priochilus captivum is a species of neotropical spider wasp in the family Pompilidae. It is native to Central and South America. It was first described by the Danish zoologist Johan Christian Fabricius in 1804.

## Behaviour

Priochilus captivum is a solitary wasp and often nests on or around human habitations. Nesting sites chosen include among the folds of clothing, inside shoes, in cardboard boxes, behind books on shelves and in brick cavities. One female started nesting among bedclothes while the researcher was napping. The nest consists of a number of individual cells and is built of pieces of dry twigs and bits of gravel cemented together with mud. The number of cells in the nest ranges from two to seven. In Brazil, the nests are camouflaged with grass seeds, leaf fragments, animal hairs and insect remains, the outer walls are quite rough and the inside walls are smooth. In Trinidad, mud is the main building material and the nests are uncamouflaged. The individual cells are barrel-shaped, about 18 to 21 mm (0.7 to 0.8 in) long and 7 to 12 mm (0.3 to 0.5 in) wide. They are built on concealed horizontal surfaces and lie on their sides, touching each other, but not sharing a common wall.
The female wasp captures and immobilises a spider to provision each cell in the nest. In Brazil, a species of jumping spider (Salticidae) is often used. The spider is captured and stung, then laid on the ground while the female completes the cell. The mud takes about two hours to dry, and then the spider is placed inside, an egg is laid on its abdomen and the cell is sealed. The egg soon hatches and the wasp larva grows fast. By day five it has finished eating the abdomen of its spider host and by day nine it forms a cocoon. Males emerge through the seals of the cells at about day thirty while females emerge around ten days later. Adult wasps feed on nectar and honeydew.

## Distribution and habitat

This spider wasp is native to Central America and the northern part of South America. Its range includes the West Indies, Panama, and Brazil. In the latter country it is on the wing in the hot, rainy season, between September and April. In the laboratory, males live for about sixty days and females live for one hundred and twenty days.
# Swimming at the 2010 South American Games – Men's 10 km open water

The men's 10 km open water event at the 2010 South American Games was held on March 25 at 9:00.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Ivan Alejandro Ochoa Ecuador | Erwin Maldonado Venezuela | Damián Blaum Argentina |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Result |
| | Ivan Alejandro Ochoa (ECU) | 1:50:31.5 |
| | Erwin Maldonado (VEN) | 1:50:33.4 |
| | Damián Blaum (ARG) | 1:50:35.1 |
| 4 | Allan do Carmo (BRA) | 1:50:35.4 |
| 5 | Guillermo Bertola (ARG) | 1:50:36.7 |
| 6 | Rolando Salas (VEN) | 1:50:37.7 |
| 7 | Filipe Alcantara (BRA) | 1:50:45.7 |
| 8 | Roberto Penailillo (CHI) | 1:52:58.2 |
| 9 | David Céspedes (COL) | 2:04:49.7 |
| | Alvaro Pfeifer (CHI) | DNF |
| | Ricardo Jose Peralta (ECU) | DNF |
| | Hector Leonardo Bustillo (BOL) | DNS |
# Ovenna agonchae

Ovenna agonchae is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Plötz in 1880. It is found in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda.
# Uranothauma uganda

Uranothauma uganda is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Tanzania (Mount Bondwa in the Uluguru Mountains) and Malawi (Mount Mlanje). Despite the name, the species is not found in Uganda.
# Gustav von Bergmann

Gustav von Bergmann (24 December 1878 – 16 September 1955) was a German internist born in Würzburg. He was the son of renowned surgeon Ernst von Bergmann (1836–1907).

## Education

In 1903 he received his doctorate at Strasbourg, and afterwards worked at the second medical hospital in Berlin under Friedrich Kraus. In 1916 he became a full professor of internal medicine in Marburg, and later a professor at Frankfurt am Main (from 1920), the Berlin Charité (from 1927) and Munich (from 1946).

## Career

He was a proponent of "functional pathology", and is considered to be one of the founders of psychosomatic medicine. His research involved investigations into gastro-intestinal ulcers, hypertension and studies of the autonomic nervous system. From 1994 to 2010, the Gustav-von-Bergmann-Medaille was the highest honor awarded by the German Society of Internal Medicine.
With Albrecht Bethe and Gustav Georg Embden, he was co-publisher of the multi-volume Handbuch der normalen und pathologischen Physiologie. With Rudolf Stähelin, he published the second edition of Handbuch der inneren Medizin. Other noted works of his include:
* Das vegetative Nervensystem und seine Störungen (The autonomic nervous system and its disorders). 1926.
* Funktionelle Pathologie (Functional pathology), 1932.
* Neues Denken in der Medizin (New reasoning in medicine), 1947.
He attended to physiologist Emil von Behring during the night prior to Behring's death of a pulmonary inflammation on March 31, 1917.
# Saint-Denis station

Saint-Denis station is a railway station serving Saint-Denis, a northern suburb of Paris in Seine-Saint-Denis department, France. It is on the lines from Paris-Nord to Pontoise, Beauvais and Creil.
The station was the terminus of tramway T1 between 1992 and 2012 when the line was extended to Asnières–Gennevilliers–Les Courtilles. In 2014, a stop on tramway T8 was opened.

## Gallery

* Platforms
* T1 tram stop