OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Last Basselope

The Last Basselope is a children's book by Berkeley Breathed published in 1992. The 32 page story depicts Breathed's Outland characters, led by Opus the Penguin, hunting the last remaining specimen of a purportedly fierce beast called a Basselope. Once found, the beast—named Rosebud—turns out to be friendly and harmless.
The book has been recommended as a resource with which to teach about the concept of endangered species and extinction.
# Ronggo

Ronggo was an administrative title used by the Dutch in the Dutch East Indies in Indonesia (specifically Java and Borneo.)

## History

Ronggo of "Afdeeling" Bandjarmasin was held by Kiahi Mas Djaja Samoedra (circa 1899) (EYD or "advanced spelling": Kiai Mas Jaya Samudera). The region saw much international trade with Asia and the Middle East. After a period of warfare dominated much of the late 1500s to mid 1600s, Portugal controlled the area for a short time.
Following Portuguese control, the Dutch East India Company awarded a monopoly on trade and colonization in the area utilizing an exceptional financial backing, better organization, strategy, weapons and ships, but were still unable to completely dominate the Indonesian spice trade. In the 1800s, the Dutch East India Company dissolved due to bankruptcy and the Netherlands turned it into a nationalized colony.
Bandjarmasi leadership structure:
* Assistant Resident: E.B. Masthoff
* Police chief: C.W.H. Born
* Ronggo: Kiahi Mas Djaja Samoedra
* Chinese Lieutenants: Sin Yoe and Ang Lim Thay
* Captain of Arabs: Hasan bin Said Al Habesi Idroes

## Sequence of leadership titles

* Regent (abolished in 1884)
* Temonggong
* Ronggo (abolished 1905)
* Kiai and Demang
# List of senators of Meurthe-et-Moselle

Following is a list of senators of Meurthe-et-Moselle, people who have represented the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle in the Senate of France.

## Third Republic

Senators for Meurthe-et-Moselle under the French Third Republic were:
* Auguste Bernard (1876–1883)
* Henri Varroy (1876–18830
* Albert Berlet (1883–1886)
* Henri Marquis (1883–1906)
* François Volland (1886–1900)
* Alfred Mézières (1900–1915)
* Hippolyte Langlois (1906–1912)
* Gustave Chapuis (1911–1920)
* Ferdinand de Langenhagen (1912–1917)
* Albert François Lebrun (1920–1932) Resigned, elected president of France
* Henri Michaut (1920–1933)
* Louis Michel (1920–1936)
* Gaston Rogé (1933–1941)
* François de Wendel (1933–1941)
* Charles-Henri Cournault (1934–1941)

## Fourth Republic

Senators for Meurthe-et-Moselle under the French Fourth Republic were:
* Émile Fournier (1946–1948)
* Georges Lacaze (1946–19480
* Robert Gravier (1946–1959)
* Jean Lionel-Pèlerin (1948–1952)
* Max Mathieu (1948–1952)
* Raymond Pinchard (1952–1959)
* François Valentin (1956–1958)
* Pierre de Boissonneaux de Chevigny (1952–1956)

## Fifth Republic

Senators for Meurthe-et-Moselle under the French Fifth Republic were:
* Raymond Pinchard (1959–1961)
* Pierre de Boissonneaux de Chevigny (1959–1974)
* Robert Gravier (1959–1974)
* Joseph de Pommery (1961–1965)
* Marcel Martin (1965–1974)
* Roger Boileau (1974–1992)
* Hubert Martin (1974–1992)
* Richard Pouille (1974–1992)
* Claude Huriet (1983–2001)
* Jean Bernadaux (1992–2001)
* Jacques Baudot (1992–2007)
* Jacqueline Panis (2007–2011)
* Évelyne Didier (2001–2017)
* Daniel Reiner (2001–2017)
As of January 2018 the senators were:
| Name | Took office | Group |
| Philippe Nachbar | 1992 | Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) |
| Jean-François Husson | 2011 | Miscellaneous right |
| Véronique Guillotin | 2017 | Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) |
| Olivier Jacquin | 2017 | Socialist Party (PS) |
# Touqiao Subdistrict

Touqiao Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 头桥街道; traditional Chinese: 頭橋街道; pinyin: Tóuqiáo Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Yunyan District of Guiyang, Guizhou, China. As of 2020, it administers the following sixteen residential neighborhoods:
* Qianchun (黔春)
* Tou'erqiao (头二桥)
* Haima (海马)
* Yinglie (英烈)
* Huangjin (黄金)
* Shuangfeng (双峰)
* Yanxi (延西)
* Hongfu (宏福)
* Liuwan (柳湾)
* Luohanying (罗汉营)
* Jinding (金鼎)
* Songshan (松山)
* Longcheng (龙城)
* Wuliu (五柳)
* Jingu (金谷)
* Beidi (贝地)
# Intracrine

Intracrine refers to a hormone that acts inside a cell, regulating intracellular events. In simple terms it means that the cell stimulates itself by cellular production of a factor that acts within the cell. Steroid hormones act through intracellular (mostly nuclear) receptors and, thus, may be considered to be intracrines. In contrast, peptide or protein hormones, in general, act as endocrines, autocrines, or paracrines by binding to their receptors present on the cell surface. Several peptide/protein hormones or their isoforms also act inside the cell through different mechanisms. These peptide/protein hormones, which have intracellular functions, are also called intracrines. The term 'intracrine' is thought to have been coined to represent peptide/protein hormones that also have intracellular actions. To better understand intracrine, we can compare it to paracrine, autocrine and endocrine. The autocrine system deals with the autocrine receptors of a cell allowing for the hormones to bind, which have been secreted from that same cell. The paracrine system is one where nearby cells get hormones from a cell, and change the functioning of those nearby cells. The endocrine system refers to when the hormones from a cell affect another cell that is very distant from the one that released the hormone.
Paracrine physiology has been understood for decades now and the effects of paracrine hormones have been observed when for example, an obesity associate tumor will face the effects of local adipocytes, even if it is not in direct contact with the fat pads in concern. Endocrine physiology on the other hand is a growing field and has had a new area explored, called intracrinology. In intracrinology, the sex steroids produced locally, exert their action in the same cell where they are produced.
The biological effects produced by intracellular actions are referred as intracrine effects, whereas those produced by binding to cell surface receptors are called endocrine, autocrine, or paracrine effects, depending on the origin of the hormone. The intracrine effect of some of the peptide/protein hormones are similar to their endocrine, autocrine, or paracrine effects; however, these effects are different for some other hormones.
Intracrine can also refer to a hormone acting within the cell that synthesizes it.
Examples of intracrine peptide hormones: There are several protein/peptide hormones that are also intracrines. Notable examples that have been described in the references include:
* Peptides of the renin–angiotensin system: angiotensin II and angiotensin (1-7)
* Fibroblast growth factor 2
* Parathyroid hormone-related protein
# Pyncostola sciopola

Pyncostola sciopola is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1904. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales.
The wingspan is about 11 mm (0.43 in). The forewings are grey, irrorated (sprinkled) with dark fuscous. The plical and second discal stigmata are black. The hindwings are light grey.
# Trifurcula puplesisi

Trifurcula puplesisi is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is known from the Caspian Sea area in Europe and southern Turkmenistan
The wingspan is 6.2–8 mm for males and about 7.3 mm for females. Adults were found in a steppe, almost desert, area in May, June and July.
# The Isle of Ladies

The Isle of Ladies is an anonymous fifteenth-century dream vision poem about an island governed by women which is invaded by men, after which there ensues a series of courtly romantic exploits. It is thought to draw on Chaucerian conventions, and some believe it to be written on the occasion of an aristocratic betrothal. Others argue that it is a "mock courtly romance," and a recent article examines feminine protest within the poem.
It survives in only two manuscripts (Longleat House MS 256 and British Library MS Additional 10303), and extends to 2235 lines.
# Rongguang Bridge

Rongguang Bridge (simplified Chinese: 融光桥; traditional Chinese: 融光橋; pinyin: Róngguāng Qiáo) is a historic stone arch bridge over the Eastern Zhejiang Canal in Keqiao District, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.

## History

The present bridge was completed in the Chenghua period (1465–1487) of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). Its name comes from a nearby Buddhist temple named "Rongguang Temple" (融光寺). In March 2013, it was listed among the seventh batch of "Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Zhejiang" as a part of Historic Bridges in Shaoxing by the State Council of China.

## Architecture

The bridge measures 15 metres (49 ft) long, 3.6 metres (12 ft) wide, and approximately 7 metres (23 ft) high.
# List of ship decommissionings in 1950

The list of ship decommissionings in 1950 includes a chronological list of all ships decommissioned in 1950.
| | Operator | Ship | Class and type | Fate | Other notes |
| 27 January | United States Navy | Rendova | Commencement Bay-class escort carrier | Reserve | Recommissioned in 1951 |
| 14 April | United States Navy | Bairoko | Commencement Bay-class escort carrier | Reserve | Recommissioned in September |
| Unknown date | Royal Navy | Maria | Wreck dispersal vessel | Sold | Scrapped June 1951 |
| Unknown date | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service | Penguin | Cargo liner | Damaged by fire 3 June 1950 and decommissioned; sold 21 March 1951 | Extant 1957 |
# Johann Tobias Bürg

Johann Tobias Bürg (December 24, 1766 – November 15, 1835), sometimes known as Johannes Burg, was an Austrian astronomer.

## Life

Born in Vienna, Bürg worked as astronomical assistant to Franz Xaver von Zach at the Gotha Observatory. From 1791 he served as a professor of physics at the Gymnasium in Klagenfurt, Carinthia. He subsequently became assistant at the Vienna Observatory, where in 1817 he succeeded as director after the death of Franz de Paula Triesnecker.
In 1799 he published astronomical tables on the Orbit of the Moon based on about 3,000 observations, that were praised for their accuracy. For these astronomical tables, Bürg was made a member of the French Academy of Sciences. He also was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Hanoverian Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities in 1801, of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in 1812, as well as of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1822.
He died at Wiesenau Castle, near Sankt Leonhard in Carinthia, where he is also buried. In 1834 the crater Bürg on the Moon was named by Johann Heinrich von Mädler in his honour.
# Gowers Report

Gowers Report may refer to:
* A number of reports by Ernest Gowers (1880–1966)
* Gowers Review of Intellectual Property, by Andrew Gowers, 2006
# Sir Thomas Moncreiffe, 7th Baronet

Sir Thomas Moncreiffe, 7th Baronet (9 January 1822 – 16 August 1879) was a Scottish first-class cricketer and British Army officer.
The son of Sir David Moncreiffe and his wife, Helen Mackay, he was born at Moncreiffe House in Perthshire in January 1822. His father died in November 1830, with Moncreiffe succeeding him as the 7th Baronet of the Moncreiffe baronets. He was educated at Harrow School, after which he joined the Scots Guards. He made his debut in first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against Cambridge University at Lord's in 1841. He later transferred to the Grenadier Guards and by January 1846, he had been promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, while serving in the Royal Perthshire Militia. In 1848, he appeared twice for the MCC in two first-class matches played against Oxford University and the Surrey Club. Four years later, he made three final appearances in first-class cricket, playing twice for the MCC and once for the Gentlemen of the North against the Gentlemen of the South. He was appointed as the honorary colonel of the Royal Perthshire Rifle Militia in October 1855.
He was appointed to be the Vice Lord Lieutenant of Perthshire in May 1878. Moncreiffe was a member of the Royal Company of Archers, having been admitted in 1837, and a captain of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews. He died at Moncreiffe House in August 1879. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son, Robert Moncreiffe, one of sixteen children he had with his wife, Lady Louisa Hay-Drummond, whom he had married in 1843. His grandson, Gerald Ward, later also played first-class cricket.
A former president of the Perthshire Society of Natural Science, the building's museum, formerly at 62–72 Tay Street in Perth, was built in his memory.
# Songo, Angola

Songo is a town and a municipality in Uíge Province in Angola. The municipality had a population of 61,682 in 2014.
# List of wars involving Costa Rica

This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Costa Rica.
    Costa Rican military victory
    Costa Rican military defeat
    Indecisive or unclear outcome
    Ongoing conflict
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
| Ochomogo War (1823) | Republicans | Imperialists | Republican victory The First Mexican Empire was already dissolved at the time, Republicans moved the capital from Cartago to San José. |
| League War (1835) | San José | Alajuela Cartago Heredia | San Jose's victory |
| Invasion of Guanacaste (1836) | Costa Rica | Nicaragua Costa Ricans exiled | Victory |
| Filibuster War (1855–1857) | Costa Rica Nicaragua Kingdom of Mosquitia Guatemala Honduras El Salvador United States | Filibusters | Victory William Walker's army is defeated and he is arrested by the American Navy |
| Barrios' War of Reunification (1885) | El Salvador Mexico Costa Rica Nicaragua | Guatemala Honduras | Victory Withdrawal of Guatemalan soldiers Death of Justo Rufino Barrios |
| World War I (1918) | France United Kingdom Russia United States Italy Japan China Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Serbia Montenegro Romania Belgium Greece Portugal Brazil Cuba Panama Guatemala Nicaragua Costa Rica Honduras | Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria | Victory End of the German, Russian, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East Transfer of German colonies and regions of the former Ottoman Empire to other powers Establishment of the League of Nations |
| Coto War (1921) | Costa Rica | Panama | Victory Panama ceded Coto to Costa Rica |
| World War II (1941–1945) | United States Soviet Union United Kingdom China France Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Brazil Mexico Panama Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Dominican Republic Cuba | Germany Japan Italy Hungary Romania Bulgaria Croatia Slovak Republic (1939–1945) Thailand Manchukuo Mengjiang | Victory Collapse of the Third Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War |
| Costa Rican Civil War (1948) | Costa Rica Calderón Forces People's Vanguard Party Somoza Forces | National Liberation Movement Ulatistas | Regime change Teodoro Picado Michalski toppled |
| Calderonista invasion of Costa Rica (1955) | Costa Rica | Calderón Forces Nicaragua | Victory Nicaraguan withdrawal from Costa Rica |
| Dominican Civil War (1965–1966) | Dominican Loyalists United States Brazil Paraguay Honduras Nicaragua Costa Rica El Salvador | Dominican Constitutionalists | Victory Juan Bosch excluded from Presidency Election of Joaquín Balaguer |
# Song of Rondane

Song of Rondane (Norwegian: Sangen om Rondane) is a 1934 Norwegian drama film directed by Helge Lunde and starring Kirsten Heiberg, Georg Løkkeberg and Einar Vaage.
It was shot on location in Rondane.

## Cast

* Kirsten Heiberg as Greta
* Georg Løkkeberg as Knut, A young herder
* Einar Vaage as The grocer
* Sonja Wigert as Astrid
* Ottar Wicklund as Hans, Knut's brother
* Arne Bang-Hansen as Erik, Greta's brother
* Ole Grepp as Petter
* Theodor Hald as The Hello-man
* Thoralf Klouman as The doctor
* Dagmar Myhrvold as Kari, Knut's mother
* Gerd-Lise Nore as Daughter of Greta
* Eva Steen as The aunt
* Einar Tveito as A horse salesman
# Touch-type Read and Spell

Touch-type Read and Spell is a computer program that uses the Orton-Gillingham Method to teach phonics and typing. It is a multi-sensory approach. Keyboarding lessons present words on the screen, play them aloud and provide visual cues of the intended hand movements. The program is multi-step and focuses on accuracy over speed. This makes it appropriate for students with dyslexia and other specific learning differences, ADHD, dyspraxia, adults who struggle with literacy skills and aphasic individuals recovering from a stroke. TTRS has been featured in the Guardian and Forbes and the course and its approach are commonly discussed in books concerning special needs classroom instruction and dyslexia.
# Indoor cycling at the World Games

Indoor cycling, including cycle ball and artistic cycling, were part of the World Games in 1989.

## Medalists
### Cycle ball
#### Men

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1989 Karlsruhe | West Germany (FRG) Jürgen King Werner King | Czechoslovakia (TCH) Miroslav Berger Miroslav Kratochvil | Switzerland (SUI) Martin Zinser Peter Kern |

### Artistic cycling
#### Men
##### Singles

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1989 Karlsruhe | Harry Bodmer (FRG) | Roland Fleisch (AUT) | Hermann Martens (SUI) |

##### Pairs

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1989 Karlsruhe | West Germany (FRG) Andreas Weil Sascha Weil | West Germany (FRG) Jürgen Girschwiler Andreas Jeker | West Germany (FRG) Markus Bachmann Dietmar Entner |

#### Women
##### Singles

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1989 Karlsruhe | Heike Marklein (FRG) | Jana Horachková (TCH) | Marianne Martens (SUI) |

##### Pairs

| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1989 Karlsruhe | Portugal (POR) Carmen Carvalho Ivonne Carvalho | Czechoslovakia (TCH) Edita Jelinková Lenka Kosová | West Germany (FRG) Martina Heimpel Hildegard Wahl |
# Sir Charles Price, 1st Baronet

Sir Charles Price, 1st Baronet (25 January 1747 – 19 July 1818) was a merchant in the City of London, shipowner, Lord Mayor of London and politician.

## Life and career

Price was the son of the Rev. Ralph Price, incumbent of Farnborough, Berkshire, and his wife Sarah Richardson. He was sent to the city of London, at a young age under the care of an uncle, who lived on Snow Hill. Price was a rum and brandy merchant and shipowner with four vessels involved in South Sea whaling. He became a wealthy oil-man and banker.
On the 16th December 1773, at St Michael's, Burleigh Street, Westminster, he married Mary Rugge, with whom he obtained a considerable fortune.
In 1797, he was chosen as alderman of the ward of Farringdon-Without and served as sheriff in 1799. In 1802, he was chosen one of the four Members of Parliament (MPs) for the city of London. In 1803 he became Lord Mayor of London and on 2 February 1804 he was created a baronet. He was reelected to parliament in 1806, and 1807, but in 1812, he declined to be placed on the list of candidates. As a legislator, he seldom or ever spoke in parliament, but, like his colleague, Sir William Curtis, was a strenuous admirer, and constant supporter of Pitt's administration. He was also a magistrate, Colonel of the Fifth Regiment of Volunteers, Governor of the tackle-house and ticket-porters and president of the Commercial Traveller's Society.
Price died at his house, Spring-Grove, Richmond, on the 19th of July 1818, after a long decline in health .
# John Marik Makur

John Marik Makur Lenpiny is a South Sudanese politician, belonging to the Sudan People's Liberation Movement. In 2010, he was elected to the Lakes State Legislative Assembly as a candidate on the SPLM party list. As of 2012, he serves as the speaker of the Lakes State Legislative Assembly.
# List of wars involving Comoros

Comoros, an island nation off East Africa, has been involved in military conflicts since becoming independent of France in 1975. Opération Azalée (1995) was a French invasion of the islands to oppose an attempted coup d'état. Comoros itself led the 2008 invasion of Anjouan on part of its territory, and has participated with other African nations in the Northern Mali conflict.
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| Operation Azalee (1995) | Comoros | France | Defeat |
| 2008 invasion of Anjouan (2008) | Comoros  Senegal  Sudan  Tanzania | Anjouan | Victory |
| Northern Mali Conflict (2012–present) | Government of Mali Military of Mali  France ECOWAS  Benin  Burkina Faso  Cape Verde  Gambia  Ghana  Guinea  Guinea-Bissau  Ivory Coast  Liberia  Niger  Nigeria  Sierra Leone  Senegal  Chad  Burundi  Gabon  South Africa  Rwanda  Tanzania  Uganda  China  Germany  Sweden  Estonia Supported by: List  European Union  Algeria  Angola  Australia  Bangladesh  Belgium  Bulgaria  Cambodia  Canada  Comoros  Czech Republic  Denmark  Germany  Hungary  Ireland  Italy  India  Japan  Morocco  Namibia  Nepal  Netherlands  Poland  Portugal  Romania  Spain  Turkey  Ukraine  United Arab Emirates  United Kingdom  United States Non-state combatants: Ganda Iso FLNA MSA (from 2016) GATIA (from 2014) | National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) Islamic Movement of Azawad (MIA) | Ongoing |
# Song of Parkland

Song of Parkland is a short HBO Documentary film featuring the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School drama students and their teacher, Melody Herzfeld. Filmed in the months following the shooting at their school, the half-hour documentary follows the students as they return to school and decide to continue with the musical they were working on at the time of the attack.
Directed and produced by Amy Schatz, the film includes performances, interviews, songs written by the students about their experience, and scenes from walk-outs and rallies across the country as other young people, inspired by the Parkland activists, take to the streets to call for an end to gun violence.
The short film was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Children's Program. In January 2020, Schatz won the Directors Guild of America Award for Children's Programs for "Song of Parkland".
# Johann Christian Hertel

Johann Christian Hertel (born 25 June 1697 or 1699 in Oettingen; died October 1754 in Strelitz) was a German composer, violinist and a virtuoso performer on the viola da gamba.

## Life

Hertel was the only son of Jakob Christian Hertel, who was kapellmeister in Oettingen and later Merseburg. He taught himself to play the violin, and learned to play the keyboard from the court organist in Merseburg, Georg Friedrich Kauffmann. After quitting his studies of theology in Halle (Saale), he was awarded a scholarship from Duke Moritz Wilhelm of Saxe-Merseburg to travel to Darmstadt to study with the famous viola da gamba virtuoso Ernst Christian Hesse. From 1718 to 1741 he was concertmaster in Eisenach. Later, from 1742 to its dissolution in 1753, he was concertmaster at the court of the duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz in Neustrelitz. As a player of the viola da gamba, he traveled to Dresden, Kassel, Weimar, Braunschweig, Meiningen, Gotha, and Berlin, to name a few. His compositions include many violin concerti, keyboard concerti, symphonies, overture-suites and trio sonatas. Much of his work is either lost or has not been printed.
Hertel's exact date of death is not ascertainable due to missing church records from both Strelitz and Neustrelitz. As a place of death, the royal residence town of Neustrelitz would be more plausible, where the court and court orchestra were located. Both the town of Neustrelitz and the entire region of Mecklenburg-Strelitz were abbreviated to "Strelitz" in contemporary usage.
Hertel's son, Johann Wilhelm also became a composer, as did his son-in-law Markus Heinrich Grauel.