OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase

Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (PDPC 1), also known as protein phosphatase 2C, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PDP1 gene. PDPC 1 is an enzyme which serves to reverse the effects of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase upon pyruvate dehydrogenase, activating pyruvate dehydrogenase.

## Function

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1) is one of the three components (E1, E2, and E3) of the large pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases catalyze phosphorylation of serine residues of E1 to inactivate the E1 component and inhibit the complex. Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases catalyze the dephosphorylation and activation of the E1 component to reverse the effects of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase is a heterodimer consisting of catalytic and regulatory subunits. Two catalytic subunits have been reported; one is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle, and another one is much more abundant in the liver. The catalytic subunit, encoded by this gene, is the former, and belongs to the protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) superfamily. Along with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases, this enzyme is located in the mitochondrial matrix.

## Regulation

Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase is stimulated by insulin, PEP, and AMP, but competitively inhibited by ATP, NADH, and Acetyl-CoA.

## Clinical significance

Mutation in the PDP1 gene causes pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase deficiency.
# Socage

Socage (/ˈsɒkɪdʒ/) was one of the feudal duties and land tenure forms in the English feudal system. It eventually evolved into the freehold tenure called "free and common socage", which did not involve feudal duties. Farmers held land in exchange for clearly defined, fixed payments made at specified intervals to feudal lords. In turn, the lord was obligated to provide certain services, such as protection, to the farmer and other duties to the Crown. Payments usually took the form of cash, but occasionally could be made with goods.
Socage contrasted with other forms of tenure, including serjeanty, frankalmoin and knight-service.
The English statute Quia Emptores of Edward I (1290) established that socage tenure which passed from one generation or nominee to the next would be subject to inquisitions post mortem, which would usually involve a feudal relief tax. This contrasts with the treatment of leases, which could be lifelong or readily subject to forfeiture and rent increase.
As feudalism declined, the prevalence of socage tenure increased until it became the normal form of tenure in the Kingdom of England. In 1660, the Statute of Tenures ended the practice of estates requiring owners to provide military or religious service, and most freehold tenures and other were converted into "free and common socage".
The holder of a soc or socage tenure was referred to as a socager (Anglo-Norman) or Socman (Anglo-Saxon, also spelt sochman, from the legal concept of a soke, from the verb 'to seek'). In German-speaking Europe, the broad equivalent was a Dienstmann. The etymology of socage according to William Blackstone is the old Latin word for a plough.
# Nickola Shreli

Nickola Shreli is an American actor, producer, and writer. He has appeared in Abduction, Low Winter Sun, Hostel: Part III, and Cash Only, which he also wrote and produced.

## Biography

Nickola Shreli was born in Detroit, Michigan, to an Albanian family that immigrated to the United States. He attended Eisenhower High School's theater program. He worked on smaller projects in Detroit's underground independent film scene and did production on larger projects, such as 8mile, that came to town. In 2010, he won an audition for Abduction, and John Singleton cast him as a lead villain in the role of "Alec". Shreli wrote, produced, and starred in Cash Only, which was released in the United States in May 2016 after premiering at the 2015 Fantasia International Film Festival.

## Charity

Since 2007 Nickola Shreli has been involved with both the World Vision (Christian humanitarian organization) Vlore Area Project in Albania as well as Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity Branch in Detroit. He currently sponsors numerous troubled children in the region & continues to bring awareness to both causes.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Character |
| 2002 | 8 Mile | Extra (uncredited) |
| 2006 | Law & Order: Criminal Intent | Tommy |
| 2011 | Abduction | Alec |
| 2011 | Hostel: Part III | Victor |
| 2011 | Cargo | (short movie) |
| 2012 | Mafia | Corner man |
| 2013 | Low Winter Sun | Gus |
| 2014 | Owe No Man(Landlord) | Elvis Martini (post-production) |
| 2014 | The Red Road (TV series) | Duke (post-production) |
| 2015 | Cash Only | Elvis Martini |
| 2019 | Killerman | Leon Duffo |
# San Antonio de las Vegas

San Antonio de las Vegas is a consejo popular (ward) in San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque Province, Cuba, a village, and a former municipality.
# Morum jungi

Morum jungi is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Harpidae.
# Station Road, Beeston

Station Road is a street in Beeston, Nottinghamshire. It runs from its junction with High Road, in Beeston Square, to the town's railway station.

## History

The first part of Station Road was built in conjunction with the opening of Beeston railway station in 1839. It ran north from the station to form a junction with Queen’s Road.
Queen Victoria's jester, W. F. Wallett lived in the cottage which he had built to the designs of the architect William Arthur Heazell at 220 Station Road from 1877 until his death in 1892
In 1904-05, Beeston Urban District Council undertook improvement and widening works on Brown Lane (which ran from High Road to Middle Street). Brown Lane South (which ran to the junction with Nether Street), and with Victoria Avenue (constructed in the 1890s from the junction with Nether Street to Queens Road), they were all renamed Station Street.
In 1913, Beeston Lads’ Club. was erected to the designs of the architect S.H. Pearson which survived until it was demolished in 2007. The site is now occupied by Tesco supermarket.
In 1918, Beeston Victory Club opened as a venue for ex-servicemen of the forces which fought in the First World War.
In 1965 the Fire Station moved from Stoney Street to a new prefabricated CLASP building on Station Road at the corner of Middle Street. In 1998 it came under the control of Nottinghamshire Fire and Rescue Service, and it closed in 2009.

## Notable buildings
### East side

* Civic Restaurant. 1949. (Later a Television Repair Workshop. In 2019 Mint Hair Boutique)
* 139. Tower house. Architect Charles Nelson Holloway 1905
* 159. House. Architect Douglas Leonard Booth 1913
* 205-207. Houses. Architect Harry Gill 1890s (In 2019 The Linden Leaf Hotel)
* 209. The Rockway Hotel
* 211. House. Architect The LMS Engineer’s Department 1923-24

### West side

* 104-106. Bakehouse and oven. Architect Arthur Brewill 1888
* Majestic Cinema (later Essoldo Cinema). Architect Ernest S. Roberts 1938 (demolished 1988 and now a Co-op supermarket)
* 222-224. Cromwell Villas. 1882
* 226-228. Ireton Villas. 1882
* Beeston railway station
# Konstantinovo, Varna Province

Konstantinovo (Bulgarian: Константиново) is a village in north-eastern Bulgaria. It is located in the municipality of Varna, Varna Province.
As of March 2015 the village has a population of 1 296.
# Ráfael Vásquez (general)

Rafael Vásquez (1804–1854) was a 19th-century general in the Mexican Army during the Mexican rebellion against the centralist style rule of government.

## Early life

Vásquez was born in Mexico City in 1804. His first military endeavor was on February 20, 1827, as Captain of Patriots of the Hacienda de Ciénega de Mata, Jalisco, Mexico. He was appointed brevet brigadier general in 1839.

## Mexican political rebellions

Vásquez was a major figure in the suppression of the Mexican insurgents, who opposed the centralization of the Mexican government under General Antonio López de Santa Anna. The states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas had advocated rebellion and sought secession from Mexico and declared a new Republic of the Rio Grande. Vásquez led a force to subdue Antonio Canales Rosillo and his Texan - Mexican troops into an ambush near Saltillo, Mexico. Assisting Canales was Colonel Samuel W. Jordan. Jordan led a group of federalist troops that had secretly been infiltrated by centralist supporters. However, he still managed to rout the centralists forces who quickly fled to Saltillo.

## Texas invasion

On March 5, 1842, General Vásquez invaded Texas with about 700 men and occupied San Antonio, Texas. The Texan forces were surprised and overwhelmed. After a few skirmishes, they were unable to defend the town and evacuated to Seguin, Texas. Vásquez deemed it a surrender and took control of San Antonio. He raised the Mexican flag and thus declared Mexican laws in effect. On March 7, Vásquez fled San Antonio, while pursued by Texan forces. He crossed the Rio Grande and returned to Mexico. The Vásquez expedition was one of the events that led to retaliations by the Texans through the Mier Expedition and Somervell Expedition.

## Later life

Later in 1851 and 1852, Vásquez was commandant general of the state of Jalisco, Mexico. He died on March 9, 1854, in Mexico City.

## Citations

* ↑ David M. Vigness, "REPUBLIC OF THE RIO GRANDE," Handbook of Texas Online , accessed September 23, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
* ↑ Roberto Mario Salmón, "CANALES ROSILLO, ANTONIO," Handbook of Texas Online , accessed September 23, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
* ↑ "JORDAN, SAMUEL W.," Handbook of Texas Online , accessed September 23, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
* ↑ de la Teja (1991), p. 116.
* ↑ de la Teja (1991), p. 117.
* ↑ "VASQUEZ, RAFAEL," Handbook of Texas Online , accessed September 23, 2011. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
# Ezequiel Bitok

Ezekiel Bitok (born 15 February 1966) is a retired Kenyan runner.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Kenya ||||||
| 1991 | World Cross Country Championships | Antwerp, Belgium | 8th | Long race | |
| 1993 | World Cross Country Championships | Amorebieta, Spain | 5th | Long race | |
| 1993 | World Cross Country Championships | Amorebieta, Spain | 1st | Team | |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 56th | Marathon | 2:23:03 |
| 1997 | Monaco Marathon | Monte Carlo, Monaco | 1st | Marathon | 2:12:30 |
| 1998 | Monaco Marathon | Monte Carlo, Monaco | 1st | Marathon | 2:11:48 |
# Tamil Panar

The Tamil Panar (or Pāṇar, பாணர்) were an ancient musical community of the Tamil area in India, attested from the classical Sangam texts onwards through medieval inscriptions. They sang their songs to the accompaniment of the yāl harp.
In fact medieval inscriptions present evidence for their performing Sanskrit drama and for singing and training temple dancers in hindu temples. As Palaniappan states therein: "What is interesting about the traditional views regarding the social status of the Pāṇars is that they were not informed by any real data on the Pāṇars actually living in Tamil Nadu during medieval times. Such real data are indeed available to us from Tamil inscriptions, which present a drastically different picture of the social status of the Pāṇars".

## Notable personages

* Tiru Nilakanta Yazhpanar (7th century CE)
* Thiruppaan Alvar (8–9th century CE)
# Socaire

Socaire is a village located 100 km (62 mi) southeast of the town of San Pedro de Atacama, in the San Pedro de Atacama province of Chile's northern Antofagasta Region. It offers views overlooking the Salar de Atacama.
The local economy is dominated by agriculture and non-metallic mining. Ancient agricultural terraces are part of the landscape of the area.
# Golinci

Golinci is a village in Eastern Croatia.
# Morum harpaforme

Morum harpaforme is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Harpidae.
# Richard Sledge

Richard Kitson Sledge (born 13 April 1930) is a retired Anglican priest.
Sledge educated at Epsom College and Peterhouse, Cambridge. After curacies at Emmanuel Church, Plymouth and St Stephen's Exeter he held incumbencies Dronfield and Hemingford Abbots He was the Archdeacon of Huntingdon from 1978 to 1996.
# Hydnotryopsis

Hydnotryopsis is a genus of fungi within the Pezizaceae family.
# Vohidov

Vohidov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Abdumuqit Vohidov, Tajikistani Guantanomo detainee
* Asror Vohidov (born 1995), Tajikistani boxer
* Erkin Vohidov (1936–2016), Uzbek poet, playwright, translator, and statesman
* Vosit Vohidov (1917–1994), Uzbek-Soviet surgeon
# Råde IL

Råde Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from Råde, Østfold. It has sections for association football, race walking, team handball, floorball, tennis, volleyball, speed skating and skiing.

## History

The club was founded on 29 March 1929 as Råde SK. It changed its name to Råde IL on 1 March 1946. It formerly had sections for badminton, basketball, gymnastics, track and field and orienteering.
The men's football team currently plays in the Fifth Division, the sixth tier of Norwegian football. It last played in the Norwegian Second Division in 1999. Former players include Øystein Drillestad, Leif Andersen, Bjørnar Johannessen, Jon André Fredriksen and Vidar Martinsen. Kai Erik Herlovsen has coached the team.
Råde made a short cup run in 2024 when they reached the third round, being the only club remaining not in Norway's highest three divisions. They defeated second-division side Moss in the second round before falling to Sarpsborg.
# Eßlingen

Eßlingen is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# Kristian Elster

Kristian Elster may refer to:
* Kristian Elster (born 1841) (1841–1881), Norwegian writer, often called Kristian Elster d.e.
* Kristian Elster (born 1881) (1881–1947), Norwegian writer, often called Kristian Elster d.y.
# Social Responsiveness Scale

The Social Responsiveness Scale, developed by John Constantino in 2002 and expanded upon by Constantino et al. in 2003, is a quantitative measure of autistic traits in 4–18 year olds. Its correlation with behaviour problems and autism spectrum disorder symptoms has been studied. It can be assessed with an 18 question survey filled out by the child's parents or teacher.
The list of questions is subject to copyright.
# Nick Hatzke

Nick Hatzke (born October 16, 1983, in San Jose, California, USA) is an American soccer player.
Starting off by playing soccer at Bellarmine College Preparatory he then played college soccer at the University of California, Berkeley, before being drafted in the first round (13th overall) of the 2007 MLS Supplemental Draft by Houston Dynamo.
Having spent time with Dynamo's reserves, Hatzke made his full professional debut for Dynamo on July 10, 2007, in a US Open Cup third-round game against Charleston Battery. He made his second first team appearance on July 1, 2008, again in a US Open Cup third-round game against Charleston Battery.
# Bolko II

Bolko II may refer to:
* Bolko II of Ziębice (1300–1341)
* Bolko II of Opole (before 1300–1356)
* Bolko II the Small (c. 1312–1368)
# Staurogyne sichuanica

Staurogyne sichuanica is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is endemic to China.
# Tashirobae Dam

Tashirobae Dam (Japanese: 田代八重ダム) is a gravity dam located in Miyazaki Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for flood control, water supply and power production. The catchment area of the dam is 131.5 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 102 ha of land when full and can store 19270 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1971 and completed in 1999.
# Rapper Gone Bad

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| RapReviews | 9/10 |
Rapper Gone Bad is an album by the American rapper Mac Dre. It was released on September 28, 1999, on Romp Records/Swerve Music in conjunction with Sumo Productions. There are guest appearances from Warren G, Kokane, Little Bruce, and B-Legit, among others.
The album peaked at No. 49 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

## Track listing

* Intro (featuring Sky Balla)
* I've Been Down (featuring Harm)
* Rapper Gone Bad (produced by Wilson Hankins & Lev Berlak)
* Fast Money (featuring Warren G, Kokane & Dutches)
* Fish Head Stew (produced by Wilson Hankins & Lev Berlak)
* How Yo' Hood
* Fortytwo Fake (featuring PSD) produced by Wilson Hankins & Lev Berlak
* Fire (featuring Big Lurch and Harm) Produced by Tone Capone
* Global (featuring Dubee)
* Fuck Off the Party (featuring The WhoRidas) produced by Wilson Hankins & Lev Berlak
* Valley Joe (featuring B-Legit, PSD & Little Bruce)
* Mac Stabber produced by Wilson Hankins & Lev Berlak
* I'm a Thug (featuring Cutthroat Committee)
* We Made It (featuring Trill Real, Dubee, Magnolia Chop, Sleep Dank & J-Diggs)
Original release didn't include track 14.
# Pyresthesis

Pyresthesis is a genus of spiders in the family Thomisidae. It was first described in 1880 by Butler. As of 2017, it contains only one species, Pyresthesis laevis, found in Madagascar.
# Vokesimurex mindanaoensis

Vokesimurex mindanaoensis, also known as Mindanao murex and Malabar murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 56 mm and 114 mm (2.205 inches and 5.669 inches).
It is distinguishable by its high spire with short shoulder spines, its numerous short spines on the broad, rounded varices of the last whorl, and its almost spineless, long siphonal canal.

## Life Cycle and Mating Behaviour

This species is a non-broadcast spawner. Its life cycle does not include the trochophore stage.

## Distribution

This marine species mostly occurs off the Philippines. However, they are also found off Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji, and India.
# Social Science Association

Social Science Association may refer to:
* National Association for the Promotion of Social Science founded 1857 in the United Kingdom
* American Social Science Association founded 1865
* The Social Science Association of Harold Walsby and other socialists working on systematic ideology, active 1944 to 1956
# Nick Harvey (cricketer)

Nick Harvey (born 21 November 1973) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who played for Berkshire. He was born in Ascot.
Harvey, who made his cricketing debut in 1991 for the National Association of Young Cricketers, and who also played for Marylebone Cricket Club Schools, made his Minor Counties Championship debut in 1993, and played several games for Essex and Lancashire Second XI's.
Harvey made a single List A appearance for Berkshire, in the 2001 C&G Trophy. He took two catches and one stumping in the match, and scored 7 runs with the bat.
# Idle railway station (Leeds and Bradford Railway)

Idle railway station was a short-lived station serving Idle, near Bradford, West Yorkshire, England.
It was built by the Leeds and Bradford Railway in 1847, but it was closed the next year. It was located near the west entrance of the Thackley Tunnel. This station was very much closer to Thackley than to Idle.
Later, in 1875 another Idle station was built, on the Great Northern Railway's Shipley Windhill Line.
# Stauromatodon

Stauromatodon is an extinct genus of diapsid reptile, possibly related to Saurosphargidae, from the Middle Triassic Erfurt Formation of Germany. It contains a single species, Stauromatodon mohli.
# Voices in the Sky

"Voices in the Sky" is a 1968 hit single by the progressive rock band the Moody Blues, written by their lead guitarist Justin Hayward. It was released as a UK single in June 1968, with "Dr. Livingstone, I Presume" on the B-side. It was later released on their 1968 album In Search of the Lost Chord, and was the first of two singles from that album, the other being "Ride My See-Saw".

## Personnel

* Justin Hayward – vocals, acoustic guitar
* John Lodge – bass guitar, backing vocals
* Mike Pinder – Mellotron, backing vocals
* Ray Thomas – flute, backing vocals
* Graeme Edge – drums, percussion, tabla

## Chart positions

Chart performance for "Voices in the Sky" :
| Chart (1968) | Peak position |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 27 |
# Dongargaon, Mulshi

Dongargaon is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station
# Pyrenula muriciliata

Pyrenula muriciliata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. It is found in Mauritius, where it grows on tree bark in parklands and forests.

## Taxonomy

Pyrenula muriciliata it was formally described as a new species in 2020 by Paul Diederich and Damien Ertz. The type specimen was collected by the first author in the Brise Fer Forest in Black River Gorges National Park (Rivière Noire District) at an altitude of 585 m (1,919 ft); it has also been recorded from two other locations in Maurutius, Pétrin and Curepipe, with a total elevation range between 565–680 m (1,854–2,231 ft).

## Description

The lichen has a thin, brownish to greyish brown to thallus (lacking a cortex with a medium to dark brown prothallus. The photobiont partner is a green alga from the genus Trentepohlia. The lichen's perithecia are 0.5–0.7 mm wide, and have an ostiole to release spores. The ascospores are ellipsoid in shape, and muriform—meaning they have 3 transverse walls dividing the spore into chambers; additionally, the ends of the spore are rounded, and each has a cilium at its base. The specific epithet muriciliata refers to these characteristic spore features.
All chemical spot tests are negative, and no secondary compounds were detected with thin-layer chromatography.
# Vokesimurex malabaricus

Vokesimurex malabaricus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The shell of an adult specimen grows to a length of 106.1 mm.
(Original description) This handsome species is well characterized by its form, the style of coloration, and sculpture. The recurved hollow spine upon the varices about the middle of the upper whorls is a prominent feature in the ornamentation.
The ventricose, fusiform shell contains 9-10 slightly convex whorls. The longitudinal slender ribs, which are nodulous where certain of the transverse lirae cross them, increase in number with the growth of the shell. In the body whorl there are about six in the space between any two varices, five to four on the penultimate, four to three on the preceding volution, two and then only one upon the uppermost whorls.
The transverse colour-bands, when examined closely, are found to consist of groups of coloured lirae.

## Distribution

This marine species can be found in the Persian Gulf and in the Pacific Ocean along Indonesia.
# Garcinia quaesita

Garcinia quaesita is a species of flowering plant in the family Clusiaceae. It is found only in Sri Lanka.

## Common names

* English: red mango, Indian tamarind, brindleberry
* Sinhala: kana goraka, honda goraka
* Tamil: korakkaipuli

## Etymology

The generic name is after L. Garcin (1683–1751)
# Gordon Coles

Frederick Gordon Coles (17 November 1875 – 22 April 1947) was an English professional footballer who played as a wing half.