OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Continuous spin particle

In theoretical physics, a continuous spin particle (CSP), sometimes called an infinite spin particle, is a massless particle never observed before in nature. This particle is one of Poincaré group's massless representations which, along with ordinary massless particles, was classified by Eugene Wigner in 1939. Historically, a compatible theory that could describe this elementary particle was unknown; however, 75 years after Wigner's classification, the first local action principle for bosonic continuous spin particles was introduced in 2014, and the first local action principle for fermionic continuous spin particles was suggested in 2015. It has been illustrated that this particle can interact with matter in flat spacetime. Supersymmetric continuous spin gauge theory has been studied in three and four spacetime dimensions.
In condensed matter systems, CSPs can be understood as massless generalizations of the anyon.
# Copa annulata

Copa annulata is a species of spider in the family Corinnidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
# Corduroy (disambiguation)

Corduroy is a woven fabric.
Corduroy may also refer to:
* "Corduroy" (song), a 1994 song by Pearl Jam
* "Corduroy", a 1990 song by The Wedding Present from the 3 Songs EP and the album Seamonsters
* Corduroy (band), a London-based acid jazz band
* Corduroy (TV series), a PBS animated television show
* Corduroy (book), a children's book by Don Freeman
* Corduroy road, or log road, a type of road
* Snow grooming, manipulated snow pattern known as corduroy
# Patrick O'Donoghue (politician)

Patrick O'Donoghue (1930–1989) was a Northern Ireland politician active in the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) for a number of years.

## Biography

A native of Castlewellan and an active member of the Gaelic Athletic Association and Association for Legal Justice, O'Donoghue represented the SDLP on Down District Council from 1973 to 1985.
O'Donoghue was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly in the 1973 election for South Down and served as Deputy Speaker of this body. He also served in the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention and returned to the Assembly in the 1982 election.
# Patrick O'Dowd

Patrick Joseph O'Dowd (1 March 1892 – 19 June 1968) was an Irish politician and medical practitioner. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Roscommon constituency at the June 1927 general election. He was re-elected at the September 1927 general election but lost his seat at the 1932 general election. He was elected again at the 1933 general election but again lost his seat at the 1937 general election.

## Early life and career

O'Dowd was born in 1892 at Graffoge, Roscommon as the second son of James O'Dowd and Honoria (Nora) Shanagher. His parents were both teachers at the local national school where he began his education. He then attended Summerhill College in Sligo. He is said to have been the first registrant of the National University of Ireland, having arrived from the country a day before it was due to open, in order to study medicine at University College Dublin. Upon graduation as a physician, he worked for the Irish Dispensary System, a public health system that had been established in Ireland in the 1850s under the Irish Poor Laws. His first clinic was the dispensary in Elphin, County Roscommon. After the Second World War, he moved to become the doctor at a dispensary in Dublin.
O'Dowd is listed in the 1911 census of Ireland as being a speaker of Irish and English languages. His first wife, Evangela (Eva) Igoe, had strong Irish republican sympathies and was a member of Cumann na mBan. O'Dowd was a medical officer with the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence. Patrick and Eva O'Dowd would take their annual family holiday in a Gaeltacht in County Kerry in order to maintain the family's ability to speak Irish.

## Political life

In the 1920s and 1930s, O'Dowd stood for election and sat in the 5th Dáil, 6th Dáil and 8th Dáil. In 1937, he resigned from the Fianna Fáil political party over a disagreement with its leader Éamon de Valera. He stood as an Independent at the 1937 general election but lost his seat. O'Dowd spoke frequently in the Dáil, mainly on issues of public health, Roscommon land allocation, and affairs of his constituents.
In 1927, he supported William Redmond who proposed to the Government that a commission be established to investigate and report on the circumstances of the British ex-Servicemen in the Irish Free State because of concerns regarding "alleged discrimination against them in regard to employment on public works or in regard to their general rights".
O'Dowd played contract bridge representing Ireland on several occasions at the "Home Internationals" in the 1940s and 1950s. Eva O'Dowd died of breast cancer in 1947. O'Dowd married Kathleen Donohue of Cavan in 1950. He died of a heart attack in 1968.
# Copper-tailed starling

The copper-tailed starling or copper-tailed glossy-starling (Hylopsar cupreocauda) is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Copper-tailed skink

There are two species of skink named copper-tailed skink:
* Ctenotus taeniolatus, found in Australia
* Emoia cyanura, found in Borneo and South Pacific islands
# Copachisa

Copachisa (Constructora de Parques de Chihuahua, S.A. de C.V.) is an industrial design and construction company based in the city of Chihuahua, Mexico, with regional offices in Monterrey, Ciudad Juárez, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, and Mexico City.
# Copacabana Restaurant

Copacabana Restaurant (also known as Copacabana Café, or simply Copacabana), is a restaurant at Seattle's Pike Place Market, in the U.S. state of Washington. The business has been described as "one of the oldest Latino restaurants in Seattle", as well as "one of Pike Place's most offbeat eateries".

## Description

Copacabana is located in the Triangle Building at Pike Place Market. The restaurant serves Bolivian cuisine and has a patio lined with red chairs. The menu has included paella, pescado a la Espanola, aji de cordero (lamb in spicy peanut sauce), shrimp soup and corn pie, empanadas, pisco sours, wine, a Bolivian Andean beer called Paceña, and a guarana berry soda from the Amazon called Bawls.

## History

The business opened in the Sanitary Market in 1964, before relocating to the Triangle Building (1910) in the late 1970s. Copacabana was described as Seattle's only Bolivian restaurant in 1999.
According to Fodor's, "Much of the strategy that preserved Pike Place Market in the 1960s was hatched at this small Bolivian café."

## Reception

In Northwest Best Places (1985), David Brewster said "Copacabana is one of the Pike Place Market's best attractions". In 1999, Sunset magazine said the restaurant's deck "gives patrons one of the best market views".
In 2016, Naomi Tomky of Thrillist wrote, "A gem that’s been hiding in plain sight for 50 years, this Bolivian restaurant is a Market treasure that shouldn’t be overlooked." In 2017, the Not for Tourists Guide to Seattle has recommended the deck for people-watching.
Alyssa Therrien included the restaurant in the Daily Hive's 2021 list of "7 places to get perfect paella in Seattle".
# Copacetic

Copacetic may refer to:
* Copacetic (Velocity Girl album), 1993
* Copacetic (Knuckle Puck album), 2015
# Patrick Campbell-Lyons

Patrick Campbell-Lyons (born 13 July 1943), is an Irish composer and musician who is one half of the cult symphonic-rock band, Nirvana, formed in London in 1967.
Campbell-Lyons, a native of Lismore, County Waterford, was part of the West London music scene from the early 1960s playing in several bands. He was the vocalist and a founding member of a locally-popular R&B band Second Thoughts whose lineups included future record producer Chris Thomas, Thunderclap Newman founder/drummer Speedy Keen and two future members of prog-rock band Jade Warrior (Jon Field and Tony Duhig). Second Thoughts split up in late 1965 and after a year living in Sweden, Campbell-Lyons returned to London in late 1966.
In early 1967 he formed Nirvana with Greek musician Alex Spyropoulos. The duo (augmented in the studio and live by a floating line-up of session musicians) created a series of critically acclaimed baroque, orchestrated albums before disbanding in the early 1970s.
Campbell-Lyons then pursued a career in the music business as an A&R executive and producer - while continuing to occasionally record solo albums including Me & My Friend, The Electric Plough and The Hero I Might Have Been.
Campbell-Lyons' first solo album Me & My Friend was reissued on CD in 2001 in the UK by Market Square Records together with bonus tracks from one of Nirvana's later albums Songs of Love and Praise.
In early July 2008, Campbell-Lyons started to write a book, Psychedelic Days, about his life and times in 1960’s London and beyond.
In 2017 he released a new album on the Market Square Records Label called You're a Cloud, I'm a Comet released on 180-gramme vinyl LP with CD included.
# Copelatus predaveterus

Copelatus predaveterus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by K. B. Miller in 2003.
# Coroners Court of Tasmania

The Coroners Court of Tasmania is the generic name given to the Coronial Division of the Magistrates Court of Tasmania. It is a court which has exclusive jurisdiction over the remains of a person and the power to make findings in respect of the cause of death of a person, a fire or an explosion in Tasmania.

## History

The office of coroner in Tasmania derives from the legal framework inherited from the United Kingdom.
The first Governor of New South Wales, Arthur Phillip, was a coroner by virtue of his commission as governor. Similarly, Lieutenant Governors of Van Diemen's Land, which subsequently became the state of Tasmania, also had similar powers.
The lieutenant governor's commission also entitled him to appoint others as coroners as required, and this was most likely to have been to justices of the peace.

## Structure and Jurisdiction

Coroners have the power to investigate the causes of death within their jurisdiction. They also have power to retain a person’s remain, order autopsies, and direct how a person’s remains may be disposed of. In Tasmania, they have jurisdiction over fires and explosions, a function which coroners in the United Kingdom did not have.
Where a serious criminal offence has been disclosed during the course of an inquest or an inquiry, the Coroner may refer that matter to the Attorney-General of Tasmania for consideration of the institution of criminal proceedings.
Generally there are no appeals from the decision of a coroner, although there may be provision for the Supreme Court of Tasmania of the Chief Magistrate of Tasmania to reopen an inquest or inquiry. There may also be power for the Supreme Court of Tasmania to grant prerogative relief in respect of the proceedings.

## State Coroner

Unlike other states in Australia, there is no specific requirement in Tasmania law to appoint a State Coroner. In Tasmania, the Chief Magistrate performs those functions. The Chief Magistrate has the function to oversee and co-ordinate coronial services in Tasmania, ensure that all deaths and suspected deaths concerning which a coroner has jurisdiction to hold an inquest are properly investigated, and ensuring that an inquest is held whenever it is required, and to issue guidelines to coroners to assist them in the exercise or performance of their functions.
The Governor may also appoint Coroners. All magistrates in Tasmania are coroners by virtue of their appointment as a magistrate.
The secretary of the Department of Justice may appoint a public servant to be a Chief Clerk or Coroner’s Associate.
Every police officer in Tasmania is a coroner’s officer.

## Caseload

In the financial year 2005-2006, the division of court had 636 deaths reported and held 14 inquests.
# Coroners Court of Queensland

The Coroners Court of Queensland is a court in the court hierarchy of Queensland, Australia. The Court has exclusive jurisdiction in Queensland over the remains of a person and to make findings about the cause of death of a person.

## Jurisdiction

A coroner will investigate a death where the identity of the deceased is not known; the death was violent or unnatural, such as accidents, falls, suicides or drug overdoses; the death happened in suspicious circumstances; a cause of death certificate has not been issued and is not likely to be issued; the death was a health care related death; the death occurred in care or custody (such as an aged care, correctional, mental health, or juvenile detention facility); or the death occurred as a result of the operations of Queensland Police.
A coroner may decide to hold an inquest which has the powers of a court, compelling witnesses to give evidence before the Court, and in making findings can make recommendations aimed at preventing similar deaths. Cultural and family concerns are typically considered as part of any coronial investigation.
Decisions made by the Coroners Court may be heard on appeal to the District Court of Queensland; and the Coroners Court has appellate jurisdiction where the investigating coroner declines a request for an inquest.

## Composition

Queensland has seven full-time coroners, presided over by the state coroner and the deputy state coroner, both based in Brisbane, and additional coroners who are located in Brisbane, Cairns, Mackay, and Southport.
# Corinne Rey

Corinne Rey may refer to:
* Corinne Rey (cartoonist), French cartoonist at Charlie Hebdo known as Coco
* Corinne Rey-Bellet (1972–2006), Swiss alpine skier
# Coralliophila marrati

Coralliophila marrati is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Paul Nebiker

Paul Nebiker (died 18 March 1928) was a Swiss footballer who played for FC Basel. He played as a forward.

## Football career

Nebiker joined Basel in 1923 and played for them for four seasons. During his first season he only played in three test games. He made his domestic league debut on 14 September 1924 away to Luzern. Basel won the game 1–0, but because Luzern used an ineligible player, the match was awarded to Basel as a 3–0 win. His last game for FC Basel was against Young Boys on 5 December 1926.
Between 1923 and 1926 Nebiker played ten games for Basel and scored once. Four games were in the Swiss Serie A and six were friendlies. He scored his only goal during the friendly against Olympique Lillois in France which ended as a 3–3 draw.
# Clifton, Western Australia

Clifton is a small uninhabited locality located in the Peel region of Western Australia, between Mandurah and Bunbury. Adjoining the nearby suburb of Herron. It lies on a narrow strip between Lake Clifton and Yalgorup National Park to the east, and the Indian Ocean to the west.

## History

The area, originally known as "Koolijerrenup" by the local Noongar people, was named in honour of Marshall Walter Clifton (1787–1861), Chief Commissioner of the Western Australian Company's settlement at Australind and later a member of the Legislative Council.

## Transport

Clifton is not served by public transport.
# Domgermain

Domgermain (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
# Sir Archibald Murray, 3rd Baronet

Sir Archibald Murray of Blackbarony, 3rd Baronet (died before 28 May 1700), was a Scottish soldier, parliamentary commissioner and Gentleman.
He was the son of Sir Alexander Murray, 2nd Baronet of Blackbarony, Sheriff of Peeblesshire (died c.1698), and Margaret Cockburn. He married Mary, eldest daughter of William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal, and they had seven children.
He served as a commissioner for Peeblesshire in the Parliament of Scotland in 1661–63, 1665, 1667, 1669–74, 1678, 1681–82, 1685–86 and 1689–98.
On 1 December 1669, Murray was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in the Militia Regiment of the counties of Linlithgowshire and Peeblesshire, by King Charles II. He was appointed to a commission in 1680, charged with seeking out and punishing Covenanters in Peeblesshire, particularly those who had been at the Battle of Bothwell Brig in 1679.
He was appointed "Sole Master of Work, Overseer, and Director-General of their Majesties' buildings" on 24 December 1689 by King William III, filling the post which had been vacant since Sir William Bruce's dismissal in 1678.
# Vespidae

The Vespidae are a large (nearly 5000 species), diverse, cosmopolitan family of wasps, including nearly all the known eusocial wasps (such as Polistes fuscatus, Vespa orientalis, and Vespula germanica) and many solitary wasps. Each social wasp colony includes a queen and a number of female workers with varying degrees of sterility relative to the queen. In temperate social species, colonies usually last only one year, dying at the onset of winter. New queens and males (drones) are produced towards the end of the summer, and after mating, the queens hibernate over winter in cracks or other sheltered locations. The nests of most species are constructed out of mud, but polistines and vespines use plant fibers, chewed to form a sort of paper (also true of some stenogastrines). Many species are pollen vectors contributing to the pollination of several plants, being potential or even effective pollinators, while others are notable predators of pest insect species, and a few species are invasive pests.
The subfamilies Polistinae and Vespinae are composed solely of eusocial species, while the Eumeninae, Euparagiinae, Gayellinae, Masarinae and Zethinae are all solitary with the exception of a few communal and several subsocial species. The Stenogastrinae are facultatively eusocial, considering nests may have one or several adult females; in cases where the nest is shared by multiple females (typically, a mother and her daughters) there is reproductive division of labor and cooperative brood care.
In the Polistinae and Vespinae, rather than consuming prey directly, prey are premasticated and fed to the larvae, which in return, produce a clear liquid (with high amino acid content) for the adults to consume; the exact amino acid composition varies considerably among species, but it is considered to contribute substantially to adult nutrition.
Fossils are known since Aptian of the Early Cretaceous, with several described species from Cretaceous amber.

## Gallery

* German wasp
* Median wasp nest
* Polistes nest
* Polistes wasp carrying a bit of wood from an old rake handle
* Vespa tropica from India
* Dolichovespula media (a European tree wasp) stripping wood from a fence for use in nest construction
# Ritzlihorn

The Ritzlihorn (3,277 m) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Handegg in the canton of Bern. It lies on the range east of the Gauli Glacier and north of the Bächlistock.
# Waterford (town), Wisconsin

The Town of Waterford is a town in Racine County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 6,514 at the 2020 census. The Village of Waterford is partly within the town. The unincorporated communities of Buena Park, Caldwell, and Tichigan are in the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 33.5 square miles (86.7 km$^2$), of which 31.5 square miles (81.7 km$^2$) is land and 2.0 square miles (5.1 km$^2$ ,5.82%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 5,938 people, 2,086 households, and 1,689 families residing in the town. The population density was 188.3 people per square mile (72.7/km$^2$). There were 2,263 housing units at an average density of 71.8 per square mile (27.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.50% White, 0.40% Black or African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.57% from two or more races. 1.43% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 2,086 households, out of which 40.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.3% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.0% were non-families. 13.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 33.6% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.3 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $66,599, and the median income for a family was $68,169. Males had a median income of $46,828 versus $30,890 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,406. About 0.8% of families and 1.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.6% of those under age 18 and 4.1% of those age 65 or over.
# Taliptip

Taliptip is an administrative division in western Bulacan, the Philippines. It is an urban barangay of Bulakan and is one of the largest barangays of the city, spanning over a third of Bulakan's total land area. It is noted as the location of the former sitio of Pariahan.
A major part of the proposed New Manila International Airport will be located in the barangay, requiring the relocation of residents in six affected sitios of the barangay, namely Bunotan, Camansi, Capol, Dapdap, Kinse, and Pariahan. Several residents have opted to stay in other parts of the province, while others have chosen to return to their home provinces in different parts of Luzon and Visayas.

## Submerging of Pariahan

The sitio of Pariahan was an island community of more than a hundred families that depended on fishing activity. Considered as the largest sitio of Barangay Taliptip, the sitio suffered land subsidence due to abusive use of groundwater, and the resulting flow of the waters of Manila Bay displaced numerous residents.
Permanent inundation was ensured after rains brought forth by Typhoons Mina (internationally Nanmadol) and Ompong (internationally Mangkhut). As of 2018, only 36 families continued to live in the submerged sitio, whose official status has not yet revoked at the time, and where remnants of a chapel and a school are still visible, protruding out of the floods. Remaining houses are raised on stilts and residents use boats to get around the buildings.
Rosario Mariano, the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Officer for Bulakan, expressed the urgency of permanent relocation for the residents of the sitio, which is facing the threat of climate change. As of December 2020, all the remaining residents of Pariahan and 10 other sitios of Taliptip have been relocated for the development of New Manila International Airport.

## Demographics

Barangay Taliptip has a population of 5,005 people according to the 2020 census, down from a population of 5,490 people in the 2015 census.
# Ezequiel Bosio

Ezequiel Bosio (born April 12, 1985 in Santa Fe) is an Argentine racing driver. He has run in different series, with major success in Formula Renault Argentina and TC 2000.

## Career

* 2003: Argentine Formula Renault Runner Up
* 2004: Argentine Formula Renault Champion
* 2007: TC2000 (Honda Civic) won the 200 km de Buenos Aires
* 2008: Turismo Carretera
* 2009: TC2000 (Honda Civic)
# San Salvi

San Salvi, also known as San Michele a San Salvi, is a church in Florence, Italy.
The church was built in the 11th century by the Vallombrosans as part of an abbey complex. During the 1529 Siege of Florence, the church was partially destroyed. It was reconstructed in accordance with its original style with the exception of the portico which was built with a 16th-century style. The interior of the church is of a single aisle, Latin-cross design with a rectangular apse. The refectory contains a masterwork fresco of the Last Supper (1519-1527) by Andrea del Sarto.