OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# SPIKES (magazine)

SPIKES is an athletics website and magazine published by Haymarket Network in conjunction with the IAAF.

## History and profile

The magazine and website were launched in July 2008 at an event attended by then IAAF vice president Lord Coe, Steve Ovett, Jonathan Edwards, Colin Jackson and Wilson Kipketer.
The aim of SPIKES is to raise awareness of the sport and recognition of the athletes by encouraging discussion through challenging features and profiles. Although funded directly by the IAAF, the editorial staff has a free rein with the content – which typically combines serious debate with more light-hearted features and pop cultural references. Giles Richards of The Observer praised the magazine for its interviews and biographical features: "It's a lot easier to care about a sport if you care about the people involved".
In 2014 SPIKES moved to its new home on the IAAF website (spikes.iaaf.org) and with digital taking over the magazine format to ensure content is available to everyone and everywhere around the world.
SPIKES is universally known as the fun, relaxed and engaged voice of athletics and has established itself as one of the most influential voices in the sport of track and field. It publishes stories from athletes and events around the world to bring fans closer than ever to the sport they love and to inspire the next generation of athletics enthusiasts.
# Rebets

Rebets is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France.

## Geography

A small farming village situated in the Pays de Bray, some 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Rouen at the junction of the D47 and the D86 roads. The small Héronchelles river, a tributary of the Andelle, flows through the commune.

## Places of interest

* The church of St. Denis, dating from the sixteenth century.
* Traces of a feudal castle.
# Sabil, Saudi Arabia

Sabil is a village in Al Madinah Province, in western Saudi Arabia.
# Sabil

Sabil may refer to:

## Places

* Sabil, Iran
* Sabil, Saudi Arabia

## Public fountains

* Sebil (fountain) or sabil, a public water fountain in Islamic countries
* Sabil-Kuttab of Abd al-Rahman Katkhuda, Cairo
* Sabil-Kuttab of Qaytbay, Cairo
* Sabil Abu Nabbut, roadside fountain in Jaffa, Israel
* Sebilj in Sarajevo, public fountain
# Draft (sail)

In nautical parlance, the draft or draught of a sail refers to the amount and shape of curvature in a horizontal cross-section. Any sail experiences a force from the prevailing wind just because it impedes the air's passage. A sail with draft also functions as an airfoil when set at an angle slightly greater than the angle of the wind, producing lift which then propels the vessel.
The word "belly" is also used in reference to the draft of a sail (i.e. "More belly in the main sail.").
# Really Gone

Really Gone may refer to:
* "Really Gone", a 2005 single by Ultan Conlon
* "Really Gone", a 2018 song by Chvrches from Love Is Dead
# Reddin Andrews

Reddin Andrews (January 28, 1848 – August 16, 1923) was the president of Baylor University from 1885 to 1886.

## Biography

Reddin Andrews was born in La Grange, Texas, on January 18, 1848. He fought in the Confederacy as a scout and a courier during the American Civil War.
In 1871, he graduated from Baylor University as a valedictorian. From 1871 to 1873, he attended the Greenville Seminary in Greenville, South Carolina. He became a pastor in Navasota, Texas, and preached in Millican, Hempstead, Calvert, Tyler, Lampasas, Bastrop, Webberville, Hillsboro, Rockwall and Lovelady.
He married Elizabeth Eddins in 1874 and they had nine children. From 1871 to 1878, he was a professor at Baylor University. In 1878, he became the principal of the Masonic Institute in Round Rock, Texas.
He was an editor to John B. Link's Texas Baptist Herald. He served as president of Baylor University from 1885 to 1886, as it was merged with Waco University. In 1886, he helped merge the Baptist State Convention and Baptist General Association into the Baptist General Convention of Texas. In 1889, he moved to Atlanta, Georgia, to edit W.T. Martin's Gospel Standard and Expositor.
In 1892, he moved to Belton, Texas, and worked for the People's Party. In 1907, he was the editor of Sword and Shield in Tyler. In 1910 and 1912, he ran for Texas governor as a socialist, but lost overwhelmingly to the Democratic nominee. In 1916, he moved to Lawton, Oklahoma, where he died in 1923.
# Skan'

A Skan' (Old Russian: съкань, s''kan', which is in turn from the verb съкати, s''kati, "twist", "twist into a single or a few strands") is the Russian counterpart of a filigree. It is a kind of jewelry art with a thin layer of gold, silver or copper wire wound in cords or soldered on a metal background. Skan's are often supplemented by tiny silver or gold beads and enamel.

## History

In the Ancient Rus' skan' techniques were already used in the 9th to the 10th century. The wire-twisting technique was not yet in use at this time. Instead, grains (tiny beads of silver or gold) were used. Products from the 12th to the 13th centuries are of high quality, with an increasing appearance of soldered skan's. Open work and relief patterns appeared in the 12th on steel products with gems.
The Moscow skan's' greatest success came in the 15th to the 16th century, and used a variety of materials including gems, enamel, wood, and carved bones. The most famous skan' makers at that time were Ambrosy and Ivan Fomin.
Skan's were seen in many art centers of Russia in the 18th to the 19th centuries. It was considered a great work of art, together with small items such as bowls, salt shakers and boxes. They were produced using steel, crystal, and large pearls. Since the 19th century, industrial production of many household items with the use of various technologies have taken the lead, producing dishes, church utensils and toiletries.
During the Soviet era, skan's were widely used in the art industry, with production in various sites throughout the USSR. These sites not only manufactured skan's, but also household items such as delicate vases, coasters, miniature sculptures and such.
# Goldie Brangman-Dumpson

Goldie D. Brangman-Dumpson (October 2, 1917 – February 9, 2020) was an American nurse and educator. Brangman-Dumpson was a co-founder of the school of anesthesia at Harlem Hospital, where she worked most of her career. Later, she was the director of the Harlem Hospital School of Nursing. While working at Harlem Hospital, she was part of the surgical team that worked on Martin Luther King Jr. after an attempted assassination on September 20, 1958. Brangman-Dumpson was a lifelong volunteer for the Red Cross and the first African-American president of the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA).

## Biography
### Early life and education

Brangman-Dumpson was born on October 2, 1917 in Maryland. Brangman-Dumpson started as a volunteer for the Red Cross in 1940. Brangman attended the Harlem Hospital Center's nursing program and graduated in 1943. She went on to accept a nursing job at the Harlem Hospital. In the 1940s, she married James R. Dumpson and the couple had one child.

### Nursing career and professional leadership

Brangman served as the director of the Harlem Hospital nurse anesthesia program from its founding in 1951, and is widely recognized as a co-founder of the program. In interviews about her role, Brangman spoke about the importance of this program in admitting and educating medical professionals of color and immigrants, "There weren't too many schools at the time that admitted blacks, men, or students from foreign countries." At Harlem Hospital, Brangman would also go on hold leadership position in the programs for continuing education and respiratory therapy.
Brangman-Dumpson worked at Harlem Hospital and was there when Martin Luther King Jr. was brought in after an attempted assassination on September 20, 1958. Brangman-Dumpson was a member of his surgery team on that day. She was the one who operated the breathing bag during the surgery.
In 1959, Brangman was elected president of the New York State Association of Nurse Anesthetists.
Brangman-Dumpson later became the director of the Harlem Hospital's school of anesthesia which she had co-founded. From 1973 to 1974, Brangman-Dumpson was president of the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA). She was the first African-American to hold that role at AANA.

### Later life

Brangman-Dumpson moved to Hawaii in 1987 after retiring. After moving to Hawaii, she continued to volunteer with the Red Cross. In 1992, after Hurricane Omar and Hurricane Iniki, she helped work at the shelter for storm victims. In 1996, She received the Ann Magnussen Award for 67 years of service in the Red Cross.
On February 9, 2020, she died in Kailua at age 102. An award in her name is given out by the New York State Association of Nurse Anesthetists (NYSANA).

## Awards

Ann Magnussen Award (1996)
Agatha Hodgins Award (1995)
Helen Lamb Outstanding Educator Award (1983)

## Legacy

The American Association of Nurse Anesthetists established a lecture on diversity and inclusion in 2018 named in Brangman-Dumpson's honor.
# TRPM2

Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2, also known as TRPM2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPM2 gene.

## Structure

The protein encoded by this gene is a non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel and is part of the Transient Receptor Potential ion channel super family. The closest relative is the cold and menthol activated TRPM8 ion channel. While TRPM2 is not cold sensitive it is activated by heat. The TRPM2 ion channel is activated by free intracellular ADP-ribose in synergy with free intracellular calcium. ADP-Ribose is produced to by the enzyme PARP in response to oxidative stress and confers susceptibility to cell death. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known.

## Function

The TRPM2 gene is highly expressed in the brain and was implicated by both genetic linkage studies in families and then by case control or trio allelic association studies in the genetic aetiology of bipolar affective disorder (Manic Depression).
The physiological role of TRPM2 is not well understood. It was shown to be involved in insulin secretion. In the immune cells it mediates parts of the responses to TNF-alpha. A role has been suggested for TRPM2 in activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the dysregulation of which is strongly associated with a number of auto inflammatory and metabolic diseases, such as gout, obesity and diabetes. In the brain it is involved in the toxicity of amyloid beta, a protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. In 2016, TRPM2 channel was strongly implicated in the detection of non-painful warm stimuli. Chun-Hsiang Tan and Peter McNaughton studied the responses of actual sensory neurons to thermal stimuli, then used an RNA-sequencing strategy to identify TRPM2 as genetically required for warmth detection in the non-noxious range of 33–38 °C.

## Clinical significance

TRPM2 expression and function help preserve cancer cell viability. TRPM2 channels are highly expressed in many cancers, notably neuroblastoma.
# Michael Leung

Michael Leung Man-kin CBE JP (Chinese: 梁文建, 1938–2017) was a Hong Kong government official.

## Early life

Leung was born in 1938. He attended Wah Yan College and studied at the University of Hong Kong, graduating with a BA in history in 1965. He also held a teaching certification.

## Government career

Leung joined the civil service in 1965. He worked in the Home Affairs Department and Finance Branch, and was promoted to Secretary, Government Secretariat in 1988.
Leung served as the director of education and the secretary for transport in the Hong Kong government. He also served as secretary for education and manpower from 1993 to 1995, and as the Commissioner of the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) from 1996 to 1997.
In December 1996, as the Handover of Hong Kong approached, Leung announced that he would quit the ICAC, fuelling speculation that he was being forced out by chief executive-designate Tung Chee-hwa. In response, Leung stated that he was leaving for personal reasons, while Tung denied any involvement in Leung's departure.
# Schottky

Notable people named Schottky include:
* Ernst Max Schottky, botanist
* Walter H. Schottky, physicist
* Friedrich Schottky, mathematician
Other links:
* Schottky diode and Schottky barrier in electronics and physics
* Schottky transistor in electronics
* Schottky group in mathematics
* Schottky defect in condensed matter physics
* Schottky anomaly in condensed matter physics
* Schottky noise in electronics, described mathematically by Walter H. Schottky, and also known as shot noise
# Dracophyllum sinclairii

Dracophyllum sinclairii, commonly called gumland grass tree, is a species of plant in the family Ericaceae that is endemic to New Zealand.
# Pedro Mártir Palomino

Pedro Mártir Palomino, O.P. (died 1596) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop-Elect of Coro (1594–1596).

## Biography

Pedro Mártir Palomino was ordained a priest in the Order of Preachers. On 1 July 1594, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement VIII as Bishop of Coro. He was never consecrated and died as Bishop-Elect of Coro on 22 February 1596.
# Crambus sparsellus

Crambus sparsellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is found in South Africa.
# Cottonwood, Illinois

Cottonwood is an unincorporated community in Asbury Township, Gallatin County, Illinois, United States. Cottonwood is 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Omaha.
# Courier Mail

Courier Mail may refer to:
* The Courier-Mail, an Australian newspaper
* Courier Mail Server, a mail-server software suite
* Courier (email client), email client software
* Courier, an accelerated mail delivery service for which the customer pays a surcharge and receives faster delivery
# Peltigera leucophlebia

Peltigera leucophlebia is a lichenized fungus in the family Peltigeraceae. It is commonly called ruffled freckled pelt. This and other species in the genus contain a green algae in the genus Coccomyxa and also cyanobacteria in the genus Nostoc as symbionts.

## Description

The thallus of this lichen is gray or brown, but when it is wet, the bright green algae are clearly visible. The lower surface of the thallus is white.

## Distribution

This species is found in North America, Asia, and Europe. In North America, it is found in most of Alaska and Canada, the Great Lakes region, New England, the Rocky Mountains, and the Pacific coast.

## Ecology

Peltigera leucophlebia is a known host for the microfungus Pyrenidium actinellum.

## Uses

In Iceland, Peltigera leucophlebia was traditionally used to make porridge.

## Chemistry

Peltigera leucophlebia is known to contain tenuiorin, methylgyrophorate and gyrophoric acid. The thallus turns an ochre colour when performing during a K spot test.

## Gallery

* Peltigera leucophlebia Zillertaler Alpen, Italy
* Peltigera leucophlebia Zillertaler Alpen, Italy
* Peltigera leucophlebia near North Fork Mountain, West Virginia, USA. Open maple - red oak - black birch forest.
# Coumachlor

Coumachlor is a first generation anticoagulant rodenticide which blocks formation of prothrombin and inhibits blood coagulation causing death by internal haemorrhage. The chemical can be absorbed through the skin. The symptoms of human contact can be nosebleeds, bleeding gums, bloody urine, extensive bruising in the absence of injury, fatigue, shortness of breath (dyspnea) on exertion. The human consumption or inhalation of compound can also cause fluid in lungs (pulmonary edema).
# Pelicaria vermis

Pelicaria vermis, known as the small ostrich foot shell or takai in Māori, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Struthiolariidae. It is the only extant species in the genus.

## Distribution & Habitat

This species is endemic to the North Island of New Zealand, where it lives just beneath the surface on tidal flats and off sandy beaches, occasionally to depths of 90m.

## Description

The shell height is up to 54 mm, and width up to 35 mm, colouring usually yellow brown, rarely plain yellow or purple.
# Penelope Antena

Penelope Antena (born Penelope Moulin; 2 September 1987 in Brussels) is a Franco-Belgian singer and songwriter.
Her parents set up a recording studio named Cedars Studio in the Cévennes. She taught herself to play the guitar, piano, and bass.
In 2022, she moved to Brest, France.

## Discography

* Antelope. Kowtow Records, 2019 (album).
* Honey Drips. Inner Ocean Records, 2021 (EP).
* James & June. Parapente Records, 2023 (album).
# Craig Smart

Craig Smart may refer to:
* Craig Smart (journalist), Australian journalist
* Craig Smart (singer), Canadian singer songwriter
# Pee Vee, Kentucky

Pee Vee was an unincorporated community and coal town in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States.
# Crataegus × macrocarpa

Crataegus × macrocarpa, is a hybrid between two species of Crataegus (hawthorn), C. laevigata and C. rhipidophylla, both in series Crataegus. A chemotaxonomic investigation comparing flavonoid patterns in C. × macrocarpa and its putative parent species corroborated their supposed relationship. It is sometimes confused with C. × media, the hybrid between C. monogyna and C. laevigata.
Under the rules of botanical nomenclature the name C. × macrocarpa covers all intermediate forms between the two parent species, including backcrosses.
# Crazy quilt (disambiguation)

Crazy quilting is a quilt-making process.
Crazy quilt may also refer to:
* Crazy Quilt, a DC Comics villain
* Crazy Quilt (solitaire), a card game
* Crazy Quilt Mesa, a mountain in Utah
# Crazy quilting

The term "crazy quilting" is often used to refer to the textile art of crazy patchwork and is sometimes used interchangeably with that term. Crazy quilting does not actually refer to a specific kind of quilting (the needlework which binds two or more layers of fabric together), but a specific kind of patchwork lacking repeating motifs and with the seams and patches heavily embellished. A crazy quilt rarely has the internal layer of batting that is part of what defines quilting as a textile technique.

## Embellishing

Crazy quilts differ from “regular” quilts in other ways as well. Because the careful geometric design of a quilt block is much less important in crazy quilts, the quilters are able to employ much smaller and more irregularly shaped pieces of fabric. In comparison to standard quilts, crazy quilts are far more likely to use exotic pieces of fabric, such as velvet, satin, tulle, or silk, and embellishments such as buttons, lace, ribbons, beads, or embroidery.
Crazy quilts range from carefree and relatively easy, to extremely labor-intensive. A Harper's Bazaar article from 1884 estimated that a full-size crazy quilt could take 1,500 hours to complete.

## History

Crazy quilts became popular in the late 1800s, likely due to the English embroidery and Japanese art that was displayed at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition. American audiences were drawn to the satin stitches used in English embroidery, which created a painterly surface, which is reflected in many crazy quilts. The displays shown at the Japanese pavilion of silk-screened work and Japanese pottery with a cracked-glaze inspired the American audiences. Similar aesthetics began to show up in crazy quilts, including unique patterns, and stitching that resembled spider webs and fans.
Crazy quilting rapidly became a national fashion amongst urban, upper-class women, who used the wide variety of fabrics that the newly industrialized 19th century textile industry offered to piece together single quilts from hundreds of different fabrics. Long after the style had fallen out of fashion amongst urban women, it continued in rural areas and small towns, whose quilters adopted the patterns of the urban quilts but employed sturdier, more practical fabrics, and dropped the earlier quilts' ornate embroidery and embellishment.
# Cremnosterna parvicollis

Cremnosterna parvicollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1895.
# Cremnosterna alboplagiata

Cremnosterna alboplagiata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1935.
# Cow Hollow (Hickman County, Tennessee)

Cow Hollow is a valley in Hickman County, Tennessee, in the United States.
Cow Hollow was so named on account of cattle being herded there to graze in the 1820s.
# Peloton (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| Pitchfork | 8.9/10 |
Peloton is the second album by the Delgados, released in 1998 on their own label, Chemikal Underground. The title refers to the large main group in a road bicycle race.
The album peaked at No. 56 on the UK Albums Chart.

## Critical reception

AllMusic called it "an eclectic offering that travels beyond the sphere of pop."

## Track listing

All songs by The Delgados.
* "Everything Goes Around the Water"
* "The Arcane Model"
* "The Actress"
* "Clarinet"
* "Pull The Wires from the Wall"
* "Repeat Failure"
* "And So the Talking Stopped"
* "Don't Stop"
* "Blackpool"
* "Russian Orthodox"
* "The Weaker Argument Defeats the Stronger"

## Personnel

* Alun Woodward
* Emma Pollock
* Stewart Henderson
* Paul Savage
Featuring:
* Alan Barr, Jennifer Christie, Emily MacPherson - strings
* Camille Mason - flute, clarinet and piano
* Gregor Reid - percussion
* James Jarvie - black magic
* Adam Piggot - artwork design
# Pennant, Ceredigion

Pennant is a village in the community of Dyffryn Arth, Ceredigion, Wales. Pennant is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.
# Peers, Missouri

Peers is an unincorporated community in southern Warren County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is on the north edge of the Missouri River floodplain and Treloar is four miles to the west on Missouri Route 94.

## History

Peers was platted in 1892 when the railroad was extended to that point. A post office called Peers was established in 1893, and remained in operation until 1973. The community has the name of Charles E. Peers, a railroad promoter.
# Peers School

Peers School may refer to:
* Gakushuin University, higher educational institution in Tokyo
* Oxford Academy (United Kingdom), formerly Peers School, a co-educational state secondary school in Oxford