OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Replicate (biology)

In the biological sciences, replicates are an experimental units that are treated identically. Replicates are an essential component of experimental design because they provide an estimate of between sample error. Without replicates, scientists are unable to assess whether observed treatment effects are due to the experimental manipulation or due to random error. There are also analytical replicates which is when an exact copy of a sample is analyzed, such as a cell, organism or molecule, using exactly the same procedure. This is done in order to check for analytical error. In the absence of this type of error replicates should yield the same result. However, analytical replicates are not independent and cannot be used in tests of the hypothesis because they are still the same sample.
# Sybra simalurica

Sybra simalurica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning and de Jong in 1941. Larvae of this species drill into wood, which can cause damage to live wood or logs.
# Star Dance

Star Dance may refer to:
* Stars Dance, debut album by Selena Gomez
* StarDance (Czech TV series), a Czech reality competition dance series based on Dancing with the Stars that has aired since 2006
* StarDance (Philippine TV series), a 2005 Philippine reality competition dance series
* Star Dancer, first novel in the Star Dancer tetralogy, written by the British author Beth Webb
* Star-Dancer, a Marvel Comics character
# Stephen M. Ryder

Stephen M. Ryder (born 1943, in Monticello, New York) is an American journalist, poet, screenwriter and producer.

## Filmography

Writing and Production Credits :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 1985 | Shaker Run | Writer |
| 2001 | L.I.E. | Writer |
| 2007 | Ahmed | Writer/Producer |
| 2008 | South of the Moon | Writer/Executive Producer |
| 2014 | The Abduction of Zack Buterfield | Writer/Producer |
| 2019 | The Next Bobby Darin | Writer |
# Mungoon-Gali

Mungoon-Gali, also transcribed as Mungoongarlee, is a giant goanna from Yuwaalaraay Folklore who terrorised the local people with his venomous bite and voracious appetite. Afraid the tribes would soon be wiped out by the constant attacks, Ouyouboolooey the black snake offered to steal the hidden poison bag from Mungoon-Gali for in those days, it was lizards instead of snakes that were venomous. He waited until the goanna was resting after a large meal before offering to reveal the tribes’ secret plot in exchange for being allowed to hold the poison bag for his own safety. Mungoon-Gali, reluctant but determined to learn of the plot against him, took the poison bag from his mouth and handed it Ouyouboolooey who placed it in his own and fled, easily outpacing the still sluggish reptile. On returning to the tribes, Ouyouboolooey refused to destroy the bag and instead retreated into the bush which explains how snakes become venomous and lizards, like the ferocious Mungoon-Gali, lost their bite.
In another story, Mungoon-Gali and his tribe of giant goannas lived in the Riverina during a time of great drought. While the other animals in the region died of thirst, the goannas drunk from a secret water supply hidden among the mountain rocks. Kubbitha, a black duck and the youngest wife of Mungoon-Gali, was determined to find the water so one day, instead of digging for roots, she followed the tracks of the goannas into the mountains. She reached a high plateau but was forced to rest in a cave due to the heat and exhaustion. After being awakened by a friendly mountain spirit, Kubbitha followed his advice and plunged her yam stick into the very heart of the mountain. A great stream poured forth, ending the drought and forming the Murrumbidgee River.
In Yuwaalaraay, mangun.gaali refers to the lace monitor.
# Henry Poper

Henry Poper (1813–1870) was a German-born Jewish convert to Christianity, a clergyman of the Church of England, and a missionary to Jews.

## Early life

Heinrich "Henry" Poper was born on 11 April 1813 of Jewish parentage at Breitenbach, in Electoral Hesse, Germany. At Hildesheim, the native place of his mother, he received his early education at the famous school which flourished under the superintendence of the Jewish rabbi Wolfsohn. He also received private instruction to prepare himself for the office of a teacher. About the age of eighteen (May 1831), Poper received an appointment as Jewish teacher and reader in the synagogue, having also occasionally to lecture in the synagogue.

## Conversion

During the period of eight years he filled this office in two places in the Kingdom of Hanover. Through reading the New Testament and discussions with Christians, he decided to convert to Christianity. On 15 July 1839, he received Christian baptism. When, the following year, the London Society for Propagating Christianity Among the Jews opened the Hebrew College for the purpose of training missionaries to Jews, Poper was enrolled as one of the first students.

## Ministry

In June 1842, Poper was appointed by the committee as a missionary to Frankfort-on-the-Main, and was subsequently ordained to the ministry of the Church of England. By 1850, he was in charge of the Frankfort-on-the-Main mission, and had obtained a doctorate. Poper's mission was successful, according to his very voluminous reports. His own baptisms, from 1843 to 1870, amounted to eighty-eight, and he gave it as his opinion that there were not many Jewish families in Europe of which one or two members had not become Christians. He sold 7,647 German Bibles during the last ten years of his life. He died on 22 April 1870, at the comparatively early age of fifty-seven years, of which twenty-eight had been spent in the Society's service.

## Reputation

Poper was a very active missionary, and was highly esteemed for his zeal and efforts both among Jews and Christians. When, on 25 April 1870, his remains were carried to their resting-place, all the Protestant pastors of the city, accompanied by many Hebrew-Christians and Jews, followed to the grave. A rabbi of a reformed synagogue, when informed by a missionary of Poper's death, said, "Mr. Poper was a very good man. I have known him well. He was greatly respected among my friends, who were also his friends. I liked him very much, although he was a convert to Christianity."
# Vehicle registration plates of Bermuda

Bermuda requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates.
Since 1975 Bermudian licence plates issued to general passenger vehicles have five black digits on a plain white background (both front and rear), are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, and use British stamping dies. Non-private vehicles have licence plates with one or two preceding letters followed by three or four numbers.
Personalised plates have become available that allow motorists to choose up to seven characters, overlaid on a map of the island with "Bermuda" printed across the top, on a North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm) sized plate.
| Image | Notes |
| | Before 1975, Bermudian number plates were similar to the plates used by US Forces. A preceding 'P' denoted a private vehicle; it was followed by four digits and was white-on-black. |
| A 1234 | US Forces in Bermuda have used black plates with white characters since 1975, a letter followed by four numbers. |
| | The current format for private vehicles. Numbers are 5 digit issued serially. This format originally started in the mid 4 figures taking over from where the PXXXX series left off. Only one car can be issued to a residence. |
| AA123 | |
| CL123 | Classic cars are designated by a preceding 'CL'. An individual may own several such vehicles with certain restrictions on usage. |
| L1234 | Light trucks are designated by a preceding 'L'. Light trucks (up to 6600lbs) are registered to legitimate businesses and can be driven on a regular car license. |
| IN1234 | Intermediate trucks are designated by a preceding 'IN'. Intermediate trucks (up to 9000lbs) are registered to legitimate businesses. |
| HA123 | Heavy A trucks are designated by a preceding 'HA'. There is also HB, HC and HX for larger and larger still vehicles. |
| LP1234 | Light Private vehicles are designated by a preceding 'LP'. |
| T1234 | Taxi's are designated by a preceding 'T' |
| CM123 | Construction vehicles are designated by a preceding 'CM' and three numbers |
| 123Y | Auxiliary cycles are serialised with a trailing letter. Letter rolls over when number reaches 999. Plates are white lettering on a blue background usually with the numerals on a row above the single letter. Rental auxiliary cycles follow the same format but are red letters on a white background. |
| CA426 | Motorcycles are serialised with a preceding pair of letters. Letters roll over when the number reaches 999 thus: AA001>AA999>AB001>AB999....BF001>BF999>BG001 etc. |
| RMC001 | Electric rental cars for tourists |
# Talaash air defense system

The Talaash (Persian for "Endeavor") is an Iranian long-range mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system unveiled in November 2013.

## Design

It is designed to fire the Sayyad-2 missile, but may also be used to fire the Sayyad-3. The Talaash system uses a Hafez 3D phased array fire-control radar.
# Saint-Seine-l'Abbaye

Saint-Seine-l'Abbaye (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
It is also a place steeped in history with its archaeological sites, the goddess Sequana; nymph Sources close to the Seine and Alesia, the remnants of its ancient abbey (the Abbey of Saint-Seine) and the abbey church, a jewel of Gothic art primitive Burgundy and its rich rural heritage: the 1856 school converted into a museum, flower laundries, foundries, crucifixes, mills.
The abbey was founded by Saint Sequanus in the 6th century.
# Rethinking Marxism

Rethinking Marxism is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering Marxist analyses of economics, culture, and society. It was established in 1988 and has been published by Routledge since 2003 on behalf of the Association for Economic and Social Analysis. The editors-in-chief are Yahya M. Madra and Vincent Lyon-Callo.

## History

Founded mainly by the professors and graduate students of the Department of Economics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the first issue of Rethinking Marxism appeared in 1988, just before the dissolution of the Soviet Union began. The journal quickly became an influential academic platform for Althusserian Marxism in the North American context.
Even though the journal was launched by a group of economists (among others, Stephen Resnick, Richard D. Wolff, Jack Amariglio, David Ruccio) and continues to regularly publish articles in the various sub-fields of Marxist economics, such as the labor theory of value, class analysis, and crisis theory, Rethinking Marxism does not have an exclusive economics focus. It is a journal of Marxist theory that makes it a point to rethink and develop Marxist analyses of capitalism, imperialism and alternatives to capitalism.
Rethinking Marxism is also known for its sustained efforts to showcase contemporary art practices. Each issue of the journal presents an original work by a contemporary artist (e.g., Martha Rosler, Mark Lombardi, Michael Rakowitz, Thomas Hirschhorn, Chto Delat).
From 1989 to 1998, the editor of the journal was Jack Amariglio. From 1998 to 2010, David Ruccio served as editor. He was succeeded by S. Charusheela (2010–2013), Who was then followed by Marcus E. Green and Serap Kayatekin (2013–2019). The current editors of the journal are Yahya M. Madra and Vincent Lyon-Callo.

## Abstracting and indexing

This journal is abstracted and indexed in the following databases:
* America: History and Life
* CSA Worldwide Political Science Abstracts
* International Bibliography of the Social Sciences
* VINITI Database RAS
* Scopus
* SocINDEX
# Versor (disambiguation)

In mathematics, a versor is a quaternion of norm one (a unit quaternion).
Versor may also refer to:
* Hyperbolic versor, a generalization of quaternionic versors
* Versor (physics), a vector of norm 1 (unit vector) codirectional with another vector
* A product of vectors in geometric algebra
# Givira variabilis

Givira variabilis is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina.
# Stephen Dunn (disambiguation)

Stephen Dunn (1939–2021) was an American poet and educator.
Stephen or Steven Dunn may also refer to:
* Stephen Dunn (sound engineer) (1894–1980), American sound engineer
* Stephen Porter Dunn (1928–1999), American anthropologist
* Stephen Troyte Dunn (1868–1938), British botanist
* Stephen Dunn (director) (born 1989), Canadian film director
* Steve Doll also known as Steven Dunn (1960–2009), American professional wrestler
# Henry Edward Clarke

Henry Edward Clarke (March 20, 1829 – March 25, 1892) was an Ontario businessman and political figure. He represented Toronto West from 1883 to 1886 and Toronto from 1886 to 1892 in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative.
He was born in Trois-Rivières, Lower Canada in 1829, the son of Irish immigrants. After completing his schooling, he apprenticed as a saddle and trunk maker in Montreal. In 1848, he moved to Bytown where he opened a saddlery shop. In 1853, he returned to Montreal; the following year, he opened a branch store in Toronto for a Montreal merchant and bought the operation himself in the following year. In 1856, he married Ann Kennedy. Clarke served on Toronto city council for several years before entering provincial politics.
Clarke died suddenly in 1892 while speaking in the assembly.
# Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan

Vehicle license plates in Bhutan are issued and regulated by the Road Safety and Transport Authority of The Royal Government of Bhutan.
The current format is XX-N-X0000, where,
* XX is the type (BP/BT/BG)
* N is the area code from 1 to 4,
* Western Bhutan
* Central Bhutan
* Southern Bhutan
* Eastern Bhutan
* X is a letter from A-Z, and
* XXXX is the vehicle number.

## Types of registration plate
### Private

The current license plate for private vehicles in Bhutan is composed of letters and digits in the BP-N-ANNNN format (previously BP-N-NNNN). The letters are written in white on a red license plate. The first two letters for private vehicles are BP This is followed by a digit signifying the region in which the vehicle is registered. Then a letter from A-Z is followed by four digits running in sequence like 1234. So for example a car registered in Thimphu could have the number BP-1-A1234.

### Taxi

The current license plate for Taxi vehicles are written by black on yellow in very similar format to that or private vehicle except that the first two characters are BT. The regional digit remains the same.

### Government vehicles

The Royal Government of Bhutan vehicles in Bhutan use a red license plate with the letters written in yellow. The first two characters of the plate are BG, followed by the same sequence as in case of private vehicles.

### Police

The Royal Bhutan Police vehicles in Bhutan use a blue license plate with the letters written in white. The first three characters of the plate are RBP, followed by four digits of vehicle number.

### Royal Bodyguard vehicles

The Royal Bodyguard of Bhutan vehicles in Bhutan use different license plates with the letters written in white with black, orange and yellow background. The first three characters of the plate are RBG, followed by four digits of vehicle number.
# Gerald Browne

Gerald Browne may refer to:
* Gerald Browne (politician) (1871/1872–1951), Unionist politician in Northern Ireland
* Gerald A. Browne (1924–2015), American author and editor
* Gerald Browne (cricketer) (1850–1910), British cricket player
* Gerald Michael Browne (1943–2004), American professor of classics
* Gerald Browne, 7th Earl of Kenmare (1896–1952), Earl of Kenmare
# Sidi Slimane, Tissemsilt

Sidi Slimane is a town and commune in Tissemsilt Province in northern Algeria.
# Rethinking Violence

Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict is a collection of essays about violence and political conflicts, edited by Adria Lawrence and Erica Chenoweth. It has been reviewed in Perspectives on Politics, International Studies Review, Journal of Peace Research, Terrorism and Political Violence, Global Crime, Choice and the Air Force Research Institute.
The other contributors are Kristin M. Bakke, Emily Beaulieu, H. Zeynep Bulutgil, Kathryn McNabb Cochran, Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham, Alexander B. Downes, Erin K. Jenne, Harris Mylonas, Wendy Pearlman and Maria J. Stephan.
# Kidney International

Kidney International is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of nephrology. It was established in 1972 and is published by Elsevier on behalf of the International Society of Nephrology, of which it is the official journal.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Biological Abstracts
* BIOSIS Previews
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* CINAHL
* Current Contents/Clinical Medicine
* Current Contents/Life Sciences
* Elsevier BIOBASE
* EMBASE
* Global Health
* Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed
* PASCAL
* Science Citation Index Expanded
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 18.998.
# Static Taxi

Static Taxi was a post-punk band formed in the late 1980s, later joined by Bob Stinson, former lead guitarist of The Replacements. They were so-called because two members of the band worked part-time as taxi drivers.
Two years after leaving the Replacements, Stinson joined Static Taxi in the summer of 1988 with two younger friends, drummer John Reipas and bassist/vocalist Ray Reigstad. Stinson had been jamming informally with Riegstad and Reipas for a couple of years previously, playing cover versions of 1970s pop songs, even while he was still a member of the Replacements. They became a quartet when they recruited bass player Chris Corbett.
The band rehearsed tirelessly over the next few years, and developed an extensive catalog of original songs and cover versions. Their headquarters was the office of an abandoned grain elevator near the University of Minnesota campus in southeast Minneapolis. Later, they moved to one of several boxcars which the owner of the grain elevator kept on a railroad siding behind his property and rented out to various artists and musicians. The grain elevator was home to a number of homeless veterans, including one named "Hillbilly" who sang the lead on the band's recording of their song "Hillbilly's Lament."
Static Taxi recorded a large amount of material, some of it on professional studio equipment, and at some point, Stinson brought some demo tapes to the Replacements' old label Twin/Tone. The label refused to sign the band, reportedly because they thought Reigstad's singing was off-key. Aside from a brief trip to Las Vegas in 1989, the band's live shows were limited to the local Twin Cities area. Videos of just two of their live shows have surfaced on video-sharing sites such as YouTube: a 1989 show in Las Vegas where they are performing before a small but enthusiastic crowd at a little club, and a 1990 performance where they entertained the employees of a local Twin Cities restaurant at its annual staff party.
The band broke up in 1991, around the same time the Replacements broke up.
Stinson died in 1995. Vocalist Ray Reigstad went on to form the band Stepchild.
Two albums have been posthumously compiled from the band's recordings. In 2000, "Stinson Blvd" was released on Rock X-Change Records. In 2003 Birdman Records released "Closer2Normal."
# Fu-Chang Chang

Fu-chang Chang (born April 25, 1965, in Taiwan) is an associate professor at the Graduate Institute of European Studies at Tamkang University in Taiwan.

## Early life and education

Chang was born on April 25, 1965, in Taiwan and obtained his bachelor's degree at the German Department of Soochow University, Taiwan from 1984 to 1988. In 1991 he graduated with a Masters by the Graduate Institute of European Studies at Tamkang University, Taiwan and subsequently served in the army from 1991 to 1993. In 2006 he obtained his Dr. Rer. Pol. at the University of Cologne, Germany.

## Career

Chang started his career in academics in 1988, following his Bachelors at Soochow University in Taiwan. He became a scientific assistant to Chong-ko Tzou at Tamkang University in Taipei in 1988 and worked for Tzou until 1991. From 1993-1994 he worked at the Chengchi University in Taipei, where he assisted Mao-hsiung Hung.
Since 2006 Chang has been the Executive Secretary at the Center for European Union Studies and an assistant professor at the Graduate Institute of European Studies at Tamkang University.

## Additional affiliations

In 2008, Chang was awarded the Mercator Visiting Professorship for Political Management at the Universität Essen-Duisburg's NRW School of Governance. He gave both seminars and lectures at the university. He was also a visiting Scholar at Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany, the Vice Secretary General of the Chinese Homeland Security Research Association, Taiwan and “Global Vision” TV Program Host in Taiwan.

## Works

Chang's publications include:

### Books

* Chang, Fu-chang: Geschichte von Schweden und Norwegen, Taipei: San-MinVerlag, 2008. (Chinese Version, in publication)
* Chang, Fu-chang: Autonomie und Allianz—EU statt NATO für die Europäische Sicherheit?, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag, 2008.
* Chang, Fu-chang: Auf dem Weg zur Europäischen Union, Taipei: San-Min Verlag, 2002. (289 pages, chinesische version, ISBN 957-14-3469-8)
# Henry Upcher

Henry Upcher may refer to:
* Henry Morris Upcher (1839–1921), English naturalist and ornithologist
* Henry Ramey Upcher, private lifeboat stationed in Sheringham, Norfolk, England
# Keystone Township, Polk County, Minnesota

Keystone Township is a township in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Grand Forks-ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 100 at the 2000 census.
Keystone Township was organized in 1881, and took its name from the Keystone state: Pennsylvania.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.6 square miles (92 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 100 people, 34 households, and 24 families residing in the township. The population density was 2.8 inhabitants per square mile (1.1/km$^2$). There were 38 housing units at an average density of 1.1 per square mile (0.42/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.00% White, 1.00% Native American, and 1.00% from two or more races.
There were 34 households, out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.6% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.5% were non-families. 17.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.48.
In the township the population was spread out, with 31.0% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 122.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 115.6 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $33,438, and the median income for a family was $40,625. Males had a median income of $27,917 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,645. There were no families and 6.1% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.