OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stan Waterman

Stanton Arthur Waterman (April 5, 1923 – August 10, 2023) was an American cinematographer and underwater film producer who was a five-time Emmy Award winner.

## Life and career

After returning home from service in the US Navy during World War II, he became the first resident of Maine to purchase an aqualung, designed by Jacques Cousteau.
Waterman graduated from Dartmouth College, where he studied with Robert Frost, in 1946 with a degree in English. He began his SCUBA diving career in the Bahamas where he owned and operated a diving charter business from 1954 until 1958. His big break came in 1965 when he filmed a year-long family trip to Tahiti. National Geographic purchased the rights to the work and showed it on television. He was a producer and photographer on the 1971 film Blue Water, White Death which was the first cinematic filming of the great white shark.
Waterman was the subject of a Discovery Channel biographical special titled The Man Who Loves Sharks. Working with his son, he won the first father and son Emmy for the National Geographic Explorer production Dancing With Stingrays. His television credits include The American Sportsman (1965), The Bermuda Depths (1978), and The Explorers (1973) and film credits include The Deep (1977) and Jaws of Death (1977).
Waterman won five Emmy Awards for his work on underwater films and TV programs.
In 2005, Waterman published Sea Salt: Memories and Essays, with forewords by Peter Benchley and Howard Hall. He also wrote essays for Ocean Realm magazine. In 2013, Waterman took his last dive in the Cayman Islands at the age of 90. He died on August 10, 2023, at the age of 100.
# Soviet computing technology smuggling

Soviet computing technology smuggling, both attempted and actual, was a response to CoCom (Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls) restrictions on technology transfer.

## History
### Mainframe successes

Initially the Soviet Union focused on mainframe computing technology, particularly the IBM 360 and 370. Between 1967 and 1972 much effort went into reverse engineering what they "acquired." Their first IBM-like machine was based on a 360/40 smuggled in via Poland. The second Soviet-built machine was from a 370/145. Their focus subsequently shifted to super-minicomputers. Failure in 1983 to import a VAX-11/782 did not stop their efforts. "Reverse-engineered and copied Apple IIe parts" brought microcomputers to the Soviet Union; it also brought computer viruses too. IBM PC compatible computers were also smuggled in.
Production of Iron Curtain mainframes, at one point, was estimated to be 180 per year.

### VAX failures

The failure of the Soviets to acquire a VAX-11/782, a dual-processor variation of the VAX-11/780, the original VAX, unraveled much of their smuggling system. U. S. Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger made a public display of the system, about which The Washington Post headlined "Seized Computer Put on Display" in later 1983. The computer had been exported from the United States to South Africa, from which it was to clandestinely be reshipped; it was seized "moments before its scheduled shipment to the Soviet Union." Weinberger stated at a news conference that the VAX was intended for assisting production of "vastly more accurate . . . and more destructive weapons."
Like the 360/40, the smuggling process involved multiple shipments. The 360 had been disassembled and placed in a large number of suitcases. A smaller number of "huge containers of parts" held the 782. The latter's route involved transhipping, some more than half via Sweden, others via West Germany. A U.S. official describe potential "military uses, including the operation of a missile guidance system."
The exact configuration was not released even by over a year later: APnews, which noted that the smuggling operation was spread across ten countries, cited $1.1 million as the system's price The Los Angeles Times described the same system's price as $1.5 million. The New York Times wrote "between $1.5 and $2 million."
Another VAX-smuggling attempt, five years later, involved a VAX 8800; this too ended in a failure. This time also, the computer involved was a dual-processor system. American government wiretapping revealed that some of the parties involved considered even settling for a VAX 8700, a uni-processor system.
# Gearoid Lyons

Gearoid Lyons (born 13 April 1995) is an Irish rugby union player. He plays for English side Nottingham in the RFU Championship. Lyons plays primarily as a fly-half.

## Early life

Lyons captained Crescent College to a 27–5 victory against Rockwell College in the 2013 Munster Schools Rugby Senior Cup Final.

## Nottingham

In May 2016, whilst still in the Munster Academy, Lyons signed a contract with English RFU Championship side Nottingham.
# Hortense

Hortense is a French feminine given name that comes from Latin meaning gardener. It may refer to:

## Persons

* Hortense Allart (1801–1879), Italian-French feminist writer and essayist
* Hortense de Beauharnais (1783–1837), stepdaughter of Napoleon and Queen consort of Holland
* Hortense Béwouda (born 1978), sprinter from Cameroon
* Hortense Clews (1926–2006), member of the Belgian Resistance in World War II
* Hortense Dufour (born 1946), French writer
* Hortense Ellis (1941–2000), Jamaican reggae singer
* Hortense Calisher (1911–2009), American fiction writer, author of In the Absence of Angels
* Hortense Gabel (1912–1990), New York Supreme Court Justice
* Hortense Globensky-Prévost (1804–1873), Canadian heroine
* Hortense Gordon (1886–1961), Canadian abstract painter
* Hortense Haudebourt-Lescot (1784–1845), French painter of genre scenes
* Hortense Mancini (1646–1699), Duchess of Mazarin and a mistress of Charles II, King of England
* Hortense Monath (1905–1956), American pianist
* Hortense Powdermaker (1900–1970), American anthropologist
* Hortense Parker (1859–1938), music teacher and daughter of African–American inventor, industrialist and abolitionist John Parker
* Hortense Rhéa (1844–1899), French actress
* Hortense Schneider (1833–1920), French soprano
* Hortense Sparks Ward (1872–1944), pioneering Texas lawyer and women's rights activist
* Hortense Spillers (born 1942), American literary critic and theorist of Black studies

## Fictional characters

* Hortense Bellacourt, the unattractive eldest of the Bellacourt sisters in the Another Period tv series
* Hortense Briggs, in the novel An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser
* Hortense Cumberbatch, in the film Secrets & Lies by British director, Mike Leigh
* Hortense Daigle, portrayed by Eileen Heckart in The Bad Seed play and film
* Hortense Derry, as Frank Derry’s Dana Andrews step-mother, portrayed by Gladys George in the film The Best Years of Our Lives
* Hortense McDuck, a Disney character who is Scrooge McDuck's sister and Donald Duck's mother
* Hortense, adopted sister of Michael Roberts in the novel "Small Island" by Andrea Levy
* Hortense Toomey Campanati, in the novel Earthly Powers by Anthony Burgess
* Mademoiselle Hortense, in the novel Bleak House by Charles Dickens
* Hortense, later known as Mist, from the Guardians of Ga'Hoole series by Kathryn Lasky
* Hortense, Donald Duck's pet in comic books and a cartoon – see Donald's Ostrich
* Hortense, Sapphire's sister in the TV show Amos 'n' Andy.
* Hortense, another Disney character who was the horse of young Scrooge McDuck and was named after Scrooge's sister
* Hortense, brothel madam in the TV show Maison Close
* Hortense the Hornbill from Jim Henson's Animal Show
* Two members of the extended Simpson family: Aunt Hortense, who died prior to the events of Bart Gets Hit by a Car; and Great Aunt Hortense, who died prior to the events of Bart the Fink
# Strange Abominable Snowmen

Strange Abominable Snowmen (.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}ISBN0445024933) is a book written in 1970 by Warren Smith which claimed to offer scientific proof as to the existence of Bigfoot. The books main expert was one "Major Stoyanow" who allegedly came into contact with a Bigfoot and relayed the information. The authenticity of the book's claims are often questioned.
# St. Michel Arena

St. Michel Arena is a 2,000-seat indoor arena in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that was built in 1968. It served as the weightlifting venue of the 1976 Summer Olympics and is located about 4.4 km west of the Olympic Stadium. The capacity was temporarily raised to 2,700 for the games.
# Mary Tudor

Mary Tudor may refer to:
* Mary Tudor, Queen of France (1496–1533), queen of France and princess of England; daughter of Henry VII, wife of Louis XII and then of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk
* Mary I of England (1516–1558), queen of England and Spain – daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon
* Lady Mary Tudor (1673–1726), daughter of Charles II and Moll Davis; wife of 2nd Earl of Derwentwater, Henry Graham and James Rooke
* Mary Tudor, graduate student of Wendell Johnson, who conducted the Monster Study
* Marie Tudor, an 1833 play by the French playwright, Victor Hugo, which was based on Mary I of England
** Mary Tudor (1911 film), a film based on the play by Hugo
** Mary Tudor (1920 film), a German silent historical film
** Maria Tudor, an 1879 opera by the Brazilian composer Antônio Carlos Gomes based on the play by Hugo
* Mary Tudor (play), a 1935 British play by Wilfrid Grantham
* Mary Tudor (The Tudors), fictional depiction of Mary I of England
# Rosa Maria Malet

Rosa Maria Malet i Ybern (born 1948) is an art historian who directed the Fundació Joan Miró in Barcelona from 1980 until she retired in 2017.

## Biography

She was born in Badalona. In 1975 she graduated in Philosophy and Letters, specializing in Art History at the University of Barcelona. She discovered the work of Joan Miró in 1968, during the exhibition of his work that took place at the Hospital de la Santa Creu in Barcelona. She began working at the Fundació Joan Miró in the same year of its creation, in 1975, as a curator's assistant, and shortly afterwards as curator. She registered the works of the Foundation's funds. At Joan Miró's house, she worked on the arrangement and registration of the collection of graphic works that the artist had intended for his heirs. In 1980 she became the Director of the Foundation.
In 2016, she was awarded for her professional career by the Association of Museologists of Catalonia. She is a member of the ADOM Committee (Association pour la Défense de l'Oeuvre de Miró) and, as such, responsible for issuing certificates of authenticity for Miró's graphic work.
Her work at the head of the Joan Miró Foundation was recognized in March 2017 by the French government, which awarded her with the insignia of Knight of the National Order of Merit, one of the most important distinctions granted in France to people of anywhere in the world that have stood out for their work in any field. In the case of Malet, this recognition was granted to him for her work in favour of contemporary art and the dissemination of the French language and culture.
In 2018 she received the Creu de Sant Jordi from the Catalan Government "as dean in the direction of the Barcelona museums".

## Publications

* Joan Miró, Edicions Polígrafa, Barcelona (1983). Reedició 2003.
* Obra de Joan Miró, Editor Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1988)
* Joan Miró. Una biografia, Col·lecció Pere Vergés de biografies, Edicions 62, Barcelona (1992)
* Joan Miró. Apunts d'una col·lecció (K. AG Gallery works), Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (2003)
* Joan Miró. Au-delà de la peinture, Fondation Marguerite et Aimé Maeght éditeur, Saint-Paul de Vence (2019)

## Exhibits

She has organized several exhibitions on Joan Miró, among others:
* Joan Miró. 1893-1993. Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1993)
* Miró en escena, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1994-95)
* Joan Miró: equilibri a l'espai, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1997)
* Joan Miró. Sentiment, emoció, gest, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (2006-07)
As well as exhibitions related to contemporary art, among others:
* Marcel Duchamp, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1984)
* Peter Greenaway. L’aventura d’Ícar, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1997)
* Mark Rothko, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (2001)
* Vermell apart. Art contemporani xinès, Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (2008)
# Datura ferox

Datura ferox, commonly known as long spined thorn apple and fierce thornapple, as well as Angel's-trumpets, is a species of Datura. Like all such species, every part of the plant contains deadly toxins that can kill animals (including humans) that ingest it. Its fruit, red-brown when ripe, has unusually long thorns or spikes.
The species was first described in 1756 by Linnaeus. Ferox means "strongly fortified," referring to the fearsome-looking spines on the seed pod. The species was long thought to have originated in southeastern China, but recent work by Symon and Haegi has demonstrated that, like all other Datura species, it is in fact native to the Americas. The species is very close in morphology to Datura quercifolia, of which it may constitute a subspecies. Today it is found in all the warm parts of the earth, where it is regarded as a dangerous pasture weed.
Datura ferox is a stout, upright annual herb 1.5 to 3 ft (45 to 90 cm) high. Its thick stalks often have a red-violet color at the base. All the young shoots are noticeably hairy. The most conspicuous part of the plant is its very wide, undulate, irregularly toothed leaves, which are covered with soft, downy hairs. The yellowish white flowers are funnel-shaped and inconspicuous, and usually do not open completely.

## Toxicity

All parts of Datura plants contain dangerous levels of tropane alkaloids and may be fatal if ingested by humans or other animals, including livestock and pets. In some places it is prohibited to buy, sell or cultivate Datura plants.
# Edwin Piper

Edwin Piper (1888 - 1951) was a British flat racing jockey, who won the 1913 Epsom Derby, also known as the "Suffragette Derby" due to the death of suffragette Emily Davison during the race, on Aboyeur.

## Racing career

Piper began riding in the show ring and started his racing career as apprentice to H. D. Bates in 1905. He was not a fashionable jockey of the time and prior to the Derby win for which he is noted, his big race successes were limited, although he did win the Great Jubilee Handicap at Kempton Park in 1908, weighing out at 6st 12, and the Chester Vase.
Victory in the 1913 Derby was a surprise. Not only was Aboyeur a big outsider, he was not Piper's intended mount for the race. Piper only came to ride him after the horse he was supposed to ride, Knight's Key, was scratched. The race outcome itself can also be considered fortunate. Piper took an early lead in the race and maintained it into the straight. As challengers came forward, the favourite, Craganour, bumped Aboyeur, who then hampered the horses on his inside as he veered towards the rail. In response, Piper raised his whip to Aboyeur with his left hand, causing the horse to hang back to the right, bumping Craganour. After repeated bumps between the two throughout the closing stages, Craganour crossed the line first in a blanket finish with other horses. In the subsequent enquiry, Piper expected to be reprimanded by the stewards. Instead, it was Craganour that was disqualified for interference, leaving Aboyeur as the winner.
Following the Derby win, Piper also won the Ascot Stakes on Rivoli, trained by Richard Wootton. In 1911, he won 43 of his 380 races and 48 of 470 in 1913. However, he won few races following the start of World War I and dropped out of racing. He died in Epsom in 1951.

## Major wins

Great Britain
* Derby Stakes – Aboyeur (1913)
# S84

S84 may refer to:
* S84 (New York City bus) serving Staten Island
* Savoia-Marchetti S.84, an Italian airliner
# KCBS-TV/FM Tower

KCBS-TV/FM Tower (formerly the KNXT/KNX-FM Tower) is a 296.4 meter (972 ft) high guyed radio/television tower on Mount Wilson above Los Angeles (near the Mount Wilson Observatory) at 123 CBS Lane. The KCBS-TV/FM Tower was built in 1986. It was owned by CBS Corporation and used by KCBS-TV (Channel 2) and KCBS-FM (93.1 MHz, 27,500 watts). When the DTV conversion was planned the CBS transmitters (both of them) were installed in the Channel 9 building and combined onto one antenna. The guyed tower facility, the westernmost on Mount Wilson, was sold in November 2009 to Richland Towers whose headquarters is in Tampa, Florida. However, as part of the spectrum auction repack, KCBS-TV moved back to the tower.
# Finnish Refugee Council

The Finnish Refugee Council is a humanitarian, non-governmental organisation that protects the rights of people affected by displacement.

## History

The Finnish Refugee Council was founded in 1965 as a small organization that raised funds for the UN Refugee Agency. The council has evolved over time, becoming an NGO and embarking on a range of projects.

## Core activities

The council has four themes aimed at the rights of refugees, strengthening resilience, equal social participation and adaptation of the entire community. To further the organization's efforts to call for better integration and equality in Finland, it has announced a 'Female Refugee of the Year' since 1998, and a 'Male Refugee of the Year' since 2016.
# Gemeente

Gemeente (Dutch for municipality) may refer to:
* Municipalities of the Netherlands
* Municipalities of Belgium
# Gay Financial Network

The Gay Financial Network was created by Walter Schubert in April 1998. It aims to single out businesses which practice discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. It was the first gay-specific company to be advertised in The Wall Street Journal, on February 18, 2000 and has been seen as an example of the merging of gay activism with gay marketing.
# Gay Future

Gay Future was the racehorse at the centre of an attempted fraud by an Irish betting syndicate in Great Britain in 1974 involving two chestnut horses. The plot's ringleaders were the millionaire Irish builder Tony Murphy, a racing enthusiast, and the Scottish trainer Antony Collins.

## Preparation

At his stables, Collins initially presented a poorly performing horse as if it were the real Gay Future. This lowered the expectations of reviewers, and hence raised the betting odds on offer when the horse was entered in the Ulverston Novice Hurdle at Cartmel in Cumbria to be held during the Bank holiday on 26 August 1974. The real horse was illicitly substituted, for the impostor, Arctic Chevalier, in an M6 lay-by.

## On the day

The attempted fraud took place on the busiest day in the racing calendar with ten events taking place, and bets being made in numerous betting shops in London in double and triple wagers, which involved Gay Future in combination bets with two additional horses trained by Collins in earlier races at other courses. On the day, these two additional horses were withdrawn shortly before the races; they were never intended to run and remained at their stables. Numerous bets would now roll over onto Gay Future, as the conspirators had planned.
Cartmel Racecourse, a small isolated venue, had only one telephone line at the time connecting it with the outside world. This was deliberately kept engaged to prevent enquiries being made by betting firms headquarters, and the on course Tote was over worked by accomplices to prevent other bets being placed on the horse, which would have lowered the odds from 10-1. Soap flakes were rubbed into the horse's legs to give the false impression that he was sweating. Gay Future won easily, by fifteen lengths, but bookmakers refused to pay out before an inquiry. In Ireland, however, they paid out. Collins's other two horses involved in the scam were discovered at this time to have remained at their stables and suspicions were further raised.

## Trial and legacy

Following an investigation by Scotland Yard's Serious Crimes Squad, a trial was held at Preston Crown Court in February 1976. The two leading syndicate members, Collins and Murphy, were convicted of conspiracy to defraud the bookmakers. Mr Justice Caulfield, a sympathetic judge, fined Collins £1,000 combined with a suspended prison sentence. The UK's Jockey Club barred Collins and Murphy from British racecourses for ten years. The horse, Gay Future, broke his neck and died, aged six, at a racing event in Wetherby in January 1976.
The affair was dramatised in Murphy's Stroke (1980), a TV film produced by Thames Television with Pierce Brosnan and Niall Toibin in the leads. At an event commemorating the 40th anniversary in late August 2014 at the Cartmel racecourse, Collins said that he did not regret his actions.
# Geier (Tux Alps)

The Geier is, at 2,857 m above sea level (AA), the second highest mountain in the Tux Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
The Geier lies in the center of the Tux Alps, where the south-west Schmirntal, the west Navistal, the east Tuxer Tal and the north Wattental come together. 450 meters north of the Geier lies the much more rugged Lizumer Reckner, the highest mountain in the Tux Alps. About 400 meters southeast Geier at about 2660 m is the Junssee, which is about 200 by 100 meters in size. With the exception of the south-west flank, the Geier belongs to the Lizum-Walchen military training area. Like the Lizumer Reckner, the Geier can also be climbed from all four adjacent valleys. From the Lizumer Hütte in the Wattental, the Geier is often climbed as a ski tour, even in winter. At the summit of the Geier there is a tin vulture, based on the name of the mountain.

## Geology

The summit area is mainly composed of serpentinites of the Reckner complex, mainly lherzolites, with subordinate harzburgites and dunites. The Reckner complex consists of former oceanic crust, so-called ophiolites. The Reckner Complex is located in the border area between the Lower East Alps in the north and the Tauern Window in the south and is assigned to either the Penninic or the Lower East Alps.

## History

The 2016 Geier avalanche took place at this mountain.
# Geidt

Geidt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christopher Geidt, Baron Geidt (born 1961), Private Secretary to Queen Elizabeth II
* Jeremy Geidt (1930–2013), English-born American actor, comedian, and acting coach