OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rösing's wolfpack

Rösing's wolfpack was a formation of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in World War II, a "wolfpack" of U-boats that operated during the early stages of the Battle of the Atlantic.

## Background

Rösing's wolfpack was an early attempt by the Kriegsmarine during World War II in its wolfpack tactic against Allied convoys. Its operations were in June 1940, at the beginning of the "Happy Time", when the U-boat Arm renewed its offensive in the Atlantic campaign. The name "Rösing" was unofficial, taken from that of its commander, Hans-Rudolf Rösing. Unlike later packs which had specific code names this formation was left without an official designation.
In June 1940 U-boat Command (BdU) received intelligence that a large troop convoy would be passing through the mid-Atlantic to Britain. The convoy, designated US 3, would comprise seven troopships, including RMS Queen Mary and would be transporting some 25,000 Australian and New Zealand troops. It was decided to form a patrol line off the coast of Spain, in order to mount a wolf pack attack on the convoy. To this end three U-boats already on station, and two others sent as reinforcement, would concentrate of Cape Finisterre in Spain. The group would be under the command of K.Kapt. Rösing, 7th ("Wegener's") flotilla commander.

## Operations

The two boats dispatched from Germany were U-46, under Endrass, and U-48 under Rösing. They would join U-29 (Schuhart), U-43 (Ambrosius) and U-101 (Frauenheim), which were already in mid-Atlantic.
All five boats met with success while moving into position. U-46 was able to intercept and sink three ships, sailing alone and unescorted; she also sank the AMC RMS Carinthia. U 48 sank three ships in transit, while in the south U-101 also sank three ships.
By 14 June all five boats were in position, but the Allies, suspecting U-boat activity in the area, re-routed the convoy to the west, so that it passed around the packs position. By 17 June it was clear the convoy had escaped, and the pack was dissolved. All boats then proceeded to patrol independently.
Before returning to base U-46 sank one more ship and attacked HMS Ark Royal, though this was unsuccessful. U-48 sank four more ships, for a total of seven (37,425 GRT), U-101 sank three more, including the passenger ship Wellington Star, for a total of seven (42,026 GRT). All U-boats returned to base safely.

## Aftermath

Sailing independently, the five boats of Rösing's pack achieved great success, sinking a total of 27 ships. However, as a wolfpack, operating as a group to intercept and destroy a convoy of ships, it failed in its intent. The failure underlined the difficulties of operating a wolf pack under local control at sea; henceforth BdU determined to exercise close control from its headquarters, newly established at Lorient in occupied France

## U-boats involved

* U-29
* U-43
* U-46
* U-48
* U-101
# Shi Xiangyun

Shi Xiangyun (traditional Chinese: 史湘雲; simplified Chinese: 史湘云; pinyin: Shǐ Xiāngyún) is a major fictional character in the classic 18th century Chinese novel Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the characters known as the Twelve Beauties. She is Jia Baoyu's younger second cousin by the Dowager, Grandmother Jia. Xiangyun is the favorite grandniece of the Dowager, Baoyu's grandmother.
Orphaned since infancy, she grew up under the watchful eyes of her wealthy maternal aunt and uncle who lives in Jinling. They use her unkindly to do embroidery and needlework for the family late into the night. Despite her misfortune, she is always cheerful and ready to play a small joke. Her open-heartedness make her pranks forgiven by most. She is also excellent in embroidery and is forthright without tact. She wears a golden qilin by her neck.
Xiangyun is portrayed as a tomboy-ish girl who does not cultivate the over-refined nature of most feudal ladies. She looks fine in men's clothes and loves to drink and eat meat. Apparently an androgynous beauty, her cousins always beg the Dowager to send for her so she can visit them, for Xiangyun is a big-hearted girl, and a wonderful visitor and company.
Like almost every lady from the Jia Clan, Xiangyun is learned. She is almost as good a poet as Daiyu or Baochai, and she is a mainstay of the Crab Flower Club, which is set up by Tanchun and Daiyu.
Daiyu initially feels a little jealousy owing to Xiangyun's and Baoyu's good relationship but eventually warms to the cheerful girl. Xiangyun becomes one of Daiyu's closest companions.
One of the more memorable scenes in the book (in Chapter 62) has Shi Xiangyun going tipsy and falling asleep amongst the flowers on a stone bench in the Prospect Garden, surrounded by butterflies, with her fan half-buried in scattered petals. This scene is depicted in many artworks featuring the novel's characters.
In Gao E and Cheng Weiyuan's edition of the novel, Xiangyun marries but is soon widowed.
# Erina Ike

Erina Ike (born 2 May 1995) is a Japanese judoka.
Ike is the gold medalist of the 2016 Judo Grand Prix Qingdao in the ‍–‍70 kg category.
# Preparation theorem

Preparation theorem may refer to:
* Malgrange preparation theorem
* Weierstrass preparation theorem
# Rwamagana

Rwamagana is a city and capital of both the Rwamagana District and the Eastern Province in Rwanda

## Description

Rwamagana lies approximately 50 km (31 mi) from Kigali, on the newly renovated road leading east towards Tanzania. There was formerly a large amount of traffic running through the centre, particularly freight to and from Tanzania, but with the recent creation of a bypass, the centre of the city is now quieter. The city lies mainly along two roads, the main east–west route, and a spur leading off to the south. The main market and the Banque de Kigali are on this spur, while the city's two petrol stations, taxi-bus parks and post office are on the east–west road. There is a large church at the western end of the city, adjacent to the main secondary school, and a new conference centre at the eastern end of the bypass. Rwamagana district has about 14 sectors including: Kigabiro, Muyumbu, Nyakariro, Karenge, Nzige, Gahengeri, Mwurire, Rubona, Gishari, Munyiginya, Muhazi, Gishari, Mushutu and Munyaga. Four leading commercial centres with modern market and central services in commercial industries are Rwamagana centre, Karenge centre, Nyagasambu centre, Rubona centre. Four coffee washing station in this district include: RWACOF at Karenge, KOPAKABI at Karenge, Muyumbu and Rubona washing stations are the major factory to prepare the coffee in the district.
* Population: 47,203 (2002 figures); area: 87 square kilometers (34 sq mi).

## Gishari sector

Gishari sector is one of the 14 sectors which constitute Rwamagana and is situated in the Eastern province of Rwanda.
# Prehype

Prehype is a venture development firm. Prehype has offices in New York City, London, Copenhagen, and Rio de Janeiro, and was founded by Henrik Werdelin in September 2010. In addition to venture management services, the firm provides angel investments and access to a network of talent including entrepreneurs, engineers, designers, and developers.

## Incubation services

The firm's primary line of services involves incubating new startup companies from within large corporations. With an infrastructure of entrepreneurs, engineers, designers, and developers, Prehype facilitates the incubation process by allowing executives, referred to as intrapreneurs, to build new products and ventures with a handpicked external team. Prehype pulls these entrepreneurs out of the company for a period of 1–4 weeks and coaches them in bringing a business idea to life. Following this period a new venture is created with a timeline of three months for most projects. Prehype follows up by helping companies receive customer feedback within 100 days of the new product's launch. Prehype charges a fixed management fee, but makes its profits via a shared upside if the project is successful.
The incubation process serves several purposes, the first of which is to retain talent within an organization while allowing employees to function like entrepreneurs, potentially leading to a successful new business. The second goal is to foster a mutually beneficial environment in which the cultures of big companies and startups can learn from one another.

### After launch

Upon the completion of a Prehype project, the company that has contracted the firm's services is given the choice to internalize or spin out the new product as a stand-alone startup.

## Noteworthy projects
### BarkBox

Prehype partnered with Matt Meeker and Carly Strife in September 2011 to develop a new business called BarkBox. The Prehype incubated business is a subscription service that delivers monthly boxes of dog products to pet owners. With a model similar to Birchbox, BarkBox collaborates with local vendors to provide products like treats, accessories, and gadgets.
# Erecek, Refahiye

Erecek, formerly Mank, is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 78 in 2022.
# Erkech

Erkech may refer to -
* Erkeç, a small village in Azerbaijan
* The former name of Kozichino near Pomorie in Bulgaria
* The distinctive Erkech dialect that originated in the Erkech/Kozichino area of Bulgaria
# Shooter Kahlon

Shooter Kahlon is an Indian singer and lyricist associated with the Punjabi music industry. He started his singing career with the "Galaaman" song from the 2022 film Shooter. on April 17, 2020, his single "Full Flame" was released which featured Sidhu Moose Wala. In the same year he released the song "Game" featuring Sidhu Moose Wala. The song has been viewed over 147 million on YouTube as of May 2023.

## Early life

Kahlon was born in the early 1990s into a middle-class family in Kahlon village, Nawanshahr, Punjab, India.

## Discography

| Year | Song | Singer | Label |
| 2020 | Galaaman | Shooter Kahlon | Geet MP3 |
| 2020 | Full Flame | Shooter Kahlon | Sidhu Moose Wala |
| 2020 | Game | Sidhu Moose Wala, Shooter Kahlon | 5911 Records |
| 2021 | Satisfy | Shooter Kahlon, Sidhu Moose Wala | 5911 Records |
| 2021 | Skookum | Shooter Kahlon | 5911 Records |
| 2021 | Touchwood | Shooter Kahlon | 5911 Records |
| 2021 | Dear Mama 2 | Shooter Kahlon | 5911 Records |
| 2022 | Taur Tappa | Shooter Kahlon | Shooter Kahlon |
| 2023 | Front | Shooter Kahlon | Juke Dock |
| 2023 | Stick Talk | Shooter Kahlon | SagaHits |
# Sheridan Centre Bus Terminal

The Sheridan Centre Bus Terminal is located in southwestern Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. It is situated on the eastern side of Sheridan Centre.
The terminal does not have a terminal building since it is a minor terminal. It only contains bus shelters and passengers require a short walk to the mall's nearest entrance.

## Bus routes

Bus service within the terminal itself is exclusively by MiWay.

### Directly serving the terminal

All routes are wheelchair-accessible.
| Route | Route | Destination |
| 29 | Park Royal | South Common Centre to Clarkson GO Station |
| 71 | Sheridan | Sheridan Research Park to Kipling Bus Terminal |

### Indirectly serving the terminal

| Route | Route | Destination | Connects at |
| 13 | Glen Erin | Meadowvale Town Centre to Clarkson GO Station via South Common Centre | Erin Mills Parkway and Fowler Drive |
| 45A | Winston Churchill | Meadowvale Town Centre to Clarkson GO Station | Erin Mills Parkway and Fowler Drive |
| 110 | University Express | City Centre to Clarkson GO Station via University of Toronto Mississauga | Erin Mills Parkway and Fowler Drive |
# Río Cañas Abajo, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico

Río Cañas Abajo is a barrio in the municipality of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 2,459.

## History

Río Cañas Abajo was in Spain's gazetteers until Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Río Cañas Abajo barrio was 1,095.
# Prescot North (ward)

Prescot North is a Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council Ward. The ward was created for the 2016 municipal election when the number of councillors on Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council was reduced from 63 to 45.
The ward covers both parts of the Knowsley constituency and the neighbouring St Helens South and Whiston constituency.

## Councillors
### Election Timeline

| Election | Councillor | Councillor | Councillor | Councillor | Councillor | Councillor |
| 2016 | | Mike Wynn (LD) | | Ian Smith (LD) | | Carl Cashman (LD) |
| 2018 | | Frances Wynn (LD) | | Ian Smith (LD) | | Carl Cashman (LD) |
indicates seat up for re-election.

### Councillor Details

| Term | Councillor | Party | Notes |
| 2016–2018 | Mike Wynn | Liberal Democrat | |
| 2016–present | Ian Smith | Liberal Democrat | |
| 2016–present | Carl Cashman | Liberal Democrat | Leader of the Liberal Democrat group, 2016 to present |
| 2018–present | Frances Wynn | Liberal Democrat | |

## Election results
### Elections of the 2010s
#### 2018

Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council election, 3 May 2018: Prescot North :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democrats | Frances Wynn | 1,373 | 60.3 | 9.8 |
| | Labour | Tony Ely | 781 | 34.3 | 0.5 |
| | Conservative | Aaron Waters | 124 | 5.4 | 1.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 592 | 26.0 | 9.3 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | 30.1 | |
| | Liberal Democrats hold | Liberal Democrats hold | Swing | 3.5 | |

#### 2016

Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council election, 5th May 2016: Prescot North :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal Democrats | Carl Cashman | 1,254 | 50.5 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Ian Smith | 1,196 | – |
| | Liberal Democrats | Mike Wynn | 1,105 | – |
| | Labour | Lynn O'Keeffe | 839 | 33.8 |
| | Labour | Mike Kearns | 816 | – |
| | Labour | Bill Weightman | 702 | – |
| | TUSC | Steve Whatham | 222 | 8.9 |
| | Conservative | Robert Avery | 170 | 6.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 415 | 16.7 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | 7,365 | | |
| | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) |
| | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) |
| | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) |
# SD10

SD10 may refer to:
* SD-10 (missile), an air-to-air missile
* PowerShot SD10, an ultracompact digital camera produced by Canon
* Sigma SD10, a digital SLR camera
* South Dakota Highway 10, a state highway in South Dakota
* SD-10 (siren) a siren made by Federal Signal.
* EMD SD10, an American diesel locomotive produced by Electro-Motive Diesel.
# SAFE

SAFE may stand for:

## Acts and projects

* SAFE Act, one of many passed or proposed laws with this name
* Strategic Action For Emergencies, a fictional group to counter S.H.I.E.L.D. in Marvel Comics
* Synchronized Armed Forces Europe, the concept of synchronising of the European military forces

## Organisations

* SAFE (New Zealand organisation), Save Animals From Exploitation, a New Zealand animal advocacy organisation
* SAFE Society of Aviation and Flight Educators, a professional aviation organization
* SAFE Stroke Alliance for Europe, a coalition of charities that support stroke survivors
* SAFE (Struggle Against Financial Exploitation), a UK Parliamentary Working Group who campaign against financial fraud and deception
* Safe Ireland, anti-domestic violence organization, fund-raised for by Hozier' song Cherry Wine
* State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) an agency of the People's Republic of China

## Science and technology

* Scaled agile framework (SAFe), a process framework for running Agile software development projects at scale
* SAFE (cable system), South Africa Far East cable, an underwater communications cable linking South Africa and Malaysia
* Safe affordable fission engine, a series of small experimental nuclear reactors designed by NASA
* Survivor Activating Factor Enhancement, a metabolic pathway

## Investing

* Simple agreement for future equity (SAFE), a financing vehicle for startup businesses providing an alternative to a priced equity round or to a convertible note
# Erudio Student Loans

Erudio Student Loans is a consortium formed by debt collectors Arrow Global and private equity firm CarVal Investors in 2013.
The firm was the successful bidder in an auction to buy non-performing U.K. student loans in 2013, paying £160m to buy debts of £890m taken out between 1990 and 1998. Of the loans purchased, 46% of the borrowers were earning below the amount at which they were required to make payments, 14% were making payments and 40% were not making any payments.
The Independent noted that debt collectors Arrow performed very poorly during the credit crunch and that similar organisations had a reputation for unwarranted threatening letters, phone calls and visits; David Willetts had ignored the implications for former students, his prime objective was to reduce public debt. CarVal Investors, a private equity firm, provided most of the cash.

## Criticism

Since taking over the loans, Erudio has faced criticism from current loan holders and also from financial commentator Martin Lewis for not being able to cope with the large volume of deferral requests and for mistakenly taking cash from loan holders' accounts. According to The Guardian, some Erudio customers have noted an attempt to change loan conditions. Whereas the SLC could only pass on details of payments in default, Erudio has written to these deferred loan holders asking them to agree to let the company pass on details to credit agencies. This potentially prevents them from taking out loans in the future.
In April 2016, another error saw the company demanding repayments after it failed to send out 250,000 deferral forms, with some customers declaring themselves "bewildered by Erudio’s administrative problems". The company denied the omissions were a tactic designed to trick people into repaying the loan and issued a public apology.
# Prithudaka

Chaturveda Prithudaka Swami (c. 830 – c. 890) was an Indian mathematician best known for his work on solving equations. He also wrote an important commentary on Brahmagupta's work.
# Problems (TV series)

Problems is an Australian television comedy series starring Sam Simmons. The series premiered on 21 November 2012 on ABC.

## Cast

* Sam Simmons as Sam
* Lawrence Mooney as Mooney
* Ronny Chieng as Mr Meowgi
* Anthony Morgan as Morgan
* Claudia O'Doherty as Claudia
* David Quirk as Dave
* Gary Sweet as Mr Moth
* Susie Porter as Mrs Moth
* Reg Gorman as Ron
* Doug Bayne as Brian
* Kate McCartney
* Laura Hughes

## Episodes

* Episode 1: Taco Night
* Episode 2: Bus Crush
* Episode 3: First Hot Day
* Episode 4: The Cardboard Angel
# Rīgas FS

Rīgas Futbola skola (Latvian for Riga Football School, also Rīgas FS or RFS) is a Latvian women's football club from Riga. The women play in the top level Latvian Women's League and won the championship in 2013 and 2014. They won their third title in 2015.
The team is the women's section of the Riga Football School youth academy, founded in 1962 and owned by the Riga City Council (the senior team of which currently plays in the Latvian Third League). The similarly-named RFS Women team (formerly SFK Rīga or SFK RFS) is the female section of FC RFS, which was founded in 2021.

## Titles

* Latvian Women's League:
** Winners (8): 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021

## Current squad

    As of 18 August 2021
| Goalkeepers | Defenders | Midfielders | Forwards |
| 01. Ana Dubova 12. Marija Ibragimova 0 0 0 0 0 | 03. Anna Krūmiņa 18. Karīna Lūse 20. Veronika Širmanova 30. Jūlija Ņikiforova 0 | 05. Olga Gerasimenko 08. Stella Jemeljanova 13. Sofija Seredina 15. Natālija Gromova 19. Margarita Ņikiforova 21. Anastasija Čemirtāne | 02. Laima Kirtovska 04. Nadežda Ciplakova 09. Tatjana Baļičeva 14. Ieva Krasnova 22. Inga Zvonkova |
* Head coach: Karīna Šakurova

## UEFA competition record

| Season | Competition | Stage | Result | Opponent |
| 2014–15 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–11 | Konak Belediyespor |
| 2014–15 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–2 | Zürich |
| 2014–15 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–7 | FC Minsk |
| 2015–16 | Champions League | Qualifying | 1–4 | Zhytlobud Kharkiv |
| 2015–16 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–9 | PK-35 Vantaa |
| 2015–16 | Champions League | Qualifying | 3–2 | Nové Zámky |
| 2017–18 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–6 | Ajax |
| 2017–18 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–8 | Standard Liège |
| 2017–18 | Champions League | Qualifying | 0–2 | Pärnu JK |
# Presqualene diphosphate synthase

Presqualene diphosphate synthase (EC 2.5.1.103, SSL-1 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate:(2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase (presqualene diphosphate forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    2 (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate $\rightleftharpoons$ presqualene diphosphate + diphosphate
This enzyme is isolated from the green alga Botryococcus braunii BOT22.
# Presqu'île crater

Presqu'île is a meteorite crater in the territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) of Jamésie in the Nord-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada, located about 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of the city of Chapais.
It is 24 kilometres (15 mi) in diameter and is estimated to be less than 500 million years old (Cambrian period or earlier). The crater is exposed at the surface.
# Princess Junshi

Princess Junshi (珣子内親王; 1311 – 11 June 1337), or Shin-Muromachi-in (新室町院), was a Japanese princess and an empress consort (Chūgū) of Emperor Go-Daigo of Japan.
She was a daughter of Emperor Go-Fushimi and the Court Lady Saionji (Fujiwara) Neishi. She was a younger sister of Emperor Kōgon, who was a member of the Jimyōin family line. For a period of time in the 13th and 14th centuries, the imperial line of succession would "swap" between two family lines: the Jimyōin and the Daikakuji. A Jimyōin emperor would be followed by a Daikakuji emperor, and so on.
In 1318, Go-Daigo, of the Daikakuji line, became emperor. In 1331, during the Genkō incident, his plot to overthrow the Kamakura shogun was discovered, and the shogun responded by removing him from the throne, replacing him with Emperor Kōgon of the Jimyōin.
In 1333, after much conflict, Go-Daigo re-took the throne. As part of his plan to neutralize the potential power of Kōgon and the Jimyōin family, Go-Daigo married Junshi - Kōgon's sister.
Later on, she became known as Empress Dowager Shin-Muromachi-in.
# Presbyterian Church in Korea (YunShin)

The Presbyterian Church in Korea (YunShin) is a theologically Reformed and Presbyterian denomination in South Korea. It subscribes the Apostles Creed and Westminster Confession. In 2004 it had 6,469 members in 88 congregations served by 84 pastors.
# Ermenegildo

Ermenegildo is the Italian form of the given name Hermenegild. It may refer to:
* Ermenegildo Agazzi (1866–1945), Italian painter
* Ermenegildo Arena (1921–2005), Italian water polo player and swimmer
* Ermenegildo Costantini (1731–1791), Italian painter
* Ermenegildo Florit (1901–1985), Italian Roman Catholic cardinal
* Ermenegildo Gasperoni (1906–1994), Sammarinese politician
* Ermenegildo Luppi (1877–1937), Italian sculptor
* Ermenegildo Pellegrinetti (1876–1943), Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
* Ermenegildo Pini (1739–1825), Italian clergyman, naturalist, mathematician, geologist and philosopher
* Ermenegildo Pistelli (1862–1927), Italian papyrologist and palaeographer
* Ermenegildo Zegna Group, an Italian luxury fashion house
** Ermenegildo Zegna (fashion entrepreneur) (born 1955), its current chairman
* Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco (1833–1923), Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
# Escobar de Polendos

Escobar de Polendos is a municipality located in the province of Segovia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 245 inhabitants.