OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stephen Cave

Sir Stephen Cave GCB PC JP DL FSA (28 December 1820 – 6 June 1880) was a British lawyer, writer and Conservative politician. He notably served as Paymaster General between 1866 and 1868 and again between 1874 and 1880 and as Judge Advocate General between 1874 and 1875.

## Background and education

Born at Clifton, Cave was the eldest son of Daniel Cave, of Cleve Hill, near Bristol (d. 9 March 1872), by his marriage on 15 April 1820 to Frances, only daughter of Henry Locock, MD, of London. The banker Sir Charles Cave, 1st Baronet, was his younger brother. He was educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford, where he graduated BA in 1843 and MA in 1846. He was the grandson of Stephen Cave, the slave owner.

## Legal and political career

Being called to the bar at the Inner Temple on 20 November 1846, Cave started his career by going the western circuit. On 29 April 1859 he entered parliament as Conservative Member of Parliament for New Shoreham, and retained this seat until 24 March 1880. He was sworn of the Privy Council on 10 July 1866, and served as Vice-President of the Board of Trade under the Earl of Derby between 1866 and 1867, when the office was abolished, and as Paymaster General under Derby and then Benjamin Disraeli from 1866 until the fall of the Conservative government in December 1868. In 1866 he was appointed chief commissioner for negotiating a fishery convention in Paris.
When the Conservatives returned to power under Disraeli in February 1874, Cave was appointed Judge Advocate General and Paymaster-General. He relinquished the former office in November 1875 but continued as Paymaster-General until 1880. In December 1875 he was sent on a special mission to Egypt by Benjamin Disraeli to report on the financial condition of that country together with John Stokes. He returned in March 1876. On 20 March 1880 he was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB).
Cave was also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, of the Zoological Society, and of other learned societies, chairman of the West India Committee, a director of the Bank of England and of the London Dock Company and a deputy lieutenant and justice of the peace for Gloucestershire.

## Family

Cave married Emma Jane, eldest daughter of the Reverend William Smyth of Elkington Hall, Lincolnshire, on 7 September 1852. They had no children. He died at Chambéry, Savoy, on 6 June 1880, aged 60. Lady Cave died in November 1905.

## Publications

* A Few Words on the Encouragement given to Slavery and the Slave Trade by recent Measures, and chiefly by the Sugar Bill of 1846 (1849).
* Prevention and Reformation the Duty of the State or of Individuals? With some account of a Reformatory Institution (1856).
* On the distinctive Principles of Punishment and Reformation (1857).
* Papers relating to Free Labour and the Slave Trade (1861).
# Gleaner-class gunboat

The Gleaner (or Pelter)-class gunboat was a class of six gunboats built for the Royal Navy in 1854 for use in the Crimean War.

## Design

The Gleaner class was designed by W.H. Walker (who also designed the subsequent Dapper and Albacore classes). The ships were wooden-hulled, with steam power as well as sails, but of shallow draught for coastal bombardment in the shallow waters of the Baltic and Black Sea during the Crimean War.

### Propulsion

Two-cylinder horizontal single-expansion steam engines built by John Penn and Sons, with two boilers, provided 60 nominal horsepower through a single screw, sufficient for 7.5 knots (13.9 km/h; 8.6 mph).

### Armament

Ships of the class were armed with one 68-pounder smooth bore muzzle loading cannon (SBML), one 32-pounder SBML (originally two 68-pounder SBMLs were planned but the forward gun was substituted by a 32-pounder) and two 24-pounder howitzers.

## Ships

| Name | Ship builder | Launched | Fate |
| Pelter | W & H Pitcher, Northfleet | 28 August 1854 | Sold for breaking January 1864, breaking up completed by Tolpult on 1 February 1864 |
| Pincher | W & H Pitcher, Northfleet | 5 September 1854 | Breaking completed on 17 February 1864 |
| Badger | W & H Pitcher, Northfleet | 23 September 1854 | Broken up at Portsmouth in June 1864 |
| Snapper | W & H Pitcher, Northfleet | 4 October 1854 | Became a coal hulk in 1865, sold in 1906 |
| Gleaner | Deptford Dockyard | 7 October 1854 | Sold at Montevideo in April 1868 |
| Ruby | Deptford Dockyard | 7 October 1854 | Broken up October 1868 |
# Kostadin

Kostadin is a variant of Konstantin (Constantine). It may refer to:
* Kostadin Adzhov (born 1991), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Alakushev, Bulgarian revolutionary in the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO)
* Kostadin Angelov (born 1973), Bulgarian coach
* Kostadin Bashov (born 1982), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Dyakov (born 1985), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Dzhambazov (born 1980), former Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Gadzhalov (born 1989), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Georgiev (born 1986), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Hazurov (born 1985), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Katsimerski (born 1987), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Kostadinov (born 1959), retired Bulgarian football player
* Kostadin Kostadinov (professor) (born 1955), Bulgarian scientist
* Kostadin Markov (born 1979), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Stoyanov (born 1986), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Varimezov (1918–2002), famous Bulgarian bagpiper (gaidar)
* Kostadin Velkov (born 1989), Bulgarian footballer
* Kostadin Vidolov (born 1970), Bulgarian former footballer
* Kostadin Yanchev (born 1963), Bulgarian former footballer
* Kostadin Zelenkov (born 1977), Bulgarian football player
# Donald Limon

Sir Donald William Limon, KCB (29 October 1932 – 26 July 2012) was a British public servant who served as Clerk of the House of Commons from 1994 to 1997.

## Early life

Limon was born on 29 October 1932 in Hartlepool to Arthur Limon, the borough treasurer of West Hartlepool, and Dora Limon. He was educated at the Chorister School, Durham, an independent preparatory school adjacent to Durham Cathedral, and then from 1946 to 1950 at Durham School, then an all-boys private school in Durham. A keen cricketer, he played for the school first elevens and was captain of his house team. He was Head of House, the Caffinites, in his final year.
On leaving school, Limon undertook National Service at the Royal Army Service Corps brigade headquarters in the Republic of Korea. On discharge, and following a term of school teaching, in 1953 he accepted a local authority award to study Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Lincoln College, Oxford. He graduated from the University of Oxford with a second-class Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1956.

## Career

In the autumn of 1956, Limon was appointed an Assistant Clerk in the House of Commons, and served in the Clerk's Department until his retirement in 1998. He was Clerk of Financial Committees from 1981 to 1984, Principal Clerk of the Table Office from 1985 to 1989, and the Clerk of Committees from 1989 to 1990. On 1 November 1990, he was appointed Clerk Assistant of the House of Commons. On 1 November 1994, he was appointed Clerk of the House of Commons therefore becoming chief executive of the house.

## Honours

Limon was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1993 New Year Honours. He was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in the 1997 Queen's Birthday Honours.
# FGD

FGD may refer to:
* Familial glucocorticoid deficiency
* Fderik Airport, in Mauritania
* Flue-gas desulfurization
* Focus group discussion
* Functional generative description, a linguistic framework
* FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing
# Tara Theatre

The Tara Theatre is an art house movie theater located in Atlanta. The theater specializes in the showing of independent films, the only theater in Atlanta to do so exclusively.

## History

The Tara Theatre was opened in June 1968 by Loew's Theatres. It embodied the modernist architecture popular at the time. Originally called Loew's Tara, the theater's name memorialized the fictional Tara plantation, home of the O'Hara family in Margaret Mitchell's novel Gone with the Wind. Tara opened with a 70mm, stereophonic presentation of the film Gone with the Wind on its 60-foot screen. This single screen with seating for 1,000 was later divided into a twin theatre. In the 1970s, one of the twin theaters was divided itself, and a separate fourth theater was added onto the building. The theater became part of the local Lefont theater group in the 1980s. At the end of that decade, United Artists Theaters bought the Tara and used part of the building as a regional corporate office until United Artists, along with Edwards Theatres, was merged into the new parent company Regal Entertainment Group in 2002, but was still operated under the United Artists label for a time. Shortly afterward, the Tara was remodeled to feature silver, streamline moderne-inspired details in the interior and above the portico, faux art deco advertisements, and large hanging portraits of classical Hollywood movie stars, such as Greta Garbo, Humphrey Bogart, Ingrid Bergman, and Charlie Chaplin.
The Tara was closed by Regal in November 2022.
The Tara was then re-opened in May 2023 under local ownership that also owns the nearby historic Plaza Theatre.
# Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir

Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir, sold under the brand name Vosevi, is a fixed-dose combination medication for the treatment of hepatitis C. It contains sofosbuvir, a hepatitis C virus (HCV) nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor; velpatasvir, an HCV NS5A inhibitor; and voxilaprevir an HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor.
The most common adverse reactions include headache, fatigue, diarrhea, and nausea.
The combination was approved for medical use in the United States and in the European Union in July 2017. Vosevi is sold by Gilead Sciences.

## Medical uses

In the US, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir is indicated for the treatment of adults with chronic hepatitis C virus infection without cirrhosis (liver disease) or with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A).
In the EU, it is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in people aged twelve years of aged and older and weighing at least 30 kilograms (66 lb).

## Adverse effects

The FDA label for sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir contains a boxed warning about the risk of Hepatitis B virus reactivation.

## History

The safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir was evaluated in two phase III clinical trials that enrolled approximately 750 adults without cirrhosis or with mild cirrhosis. The first trial compared twelve weeks of treatment with the combination versus treatment with placebo in adults with genotype 1 who had previously failed treatment with an NS5A inhibitor drug. Participants with genotypes 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 all received the combination. The second trial compared twelve weeks of treatment with the combination versus treatment with the previously approved drugs sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in adults with genotypes 1, 2, or 3 who had previously failed treatment with sofosbuvir but not an NS5A inhibitor drug. Results of both trials demonstrated that 96-97 percent of participants who received the combination had no virus detected in the blood 12 weeks after finishing treatment, suggesting that participants’ infection had been cured.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the application for sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir priority review and breakthrough therapy designations. The FDA granted approval of Vosevi to Gilead Sciences Inc.
# Tertiary source

A tertiary source is an index or textual consolidation of already published primary and secondary sources that does not provide additional interpretations or analysis of the sources. Some tertiary sources can be used as an aid to find key (seminal) sources, key terms, general common knowledge and established mainstream science on a topic. The exact definition of tertiary varies by academic field.
Academic research standards generally do not accept tertiary sources such as encyclopedias as citations, although survey articles are frequently cited rather than the original publication.

## Overlap with secondary sources

Depending on the topic of research, a scholar may use a bibliography, dictionary, or encyclopedia as either a tertiary or a secondary source. This causes some difficulty in defining many sources as either one type or the other.
In some academic disciplines, the differentiation between a secondary and tertiary source is relative.
In the United Nations International Scientific Information System (UNISIST) model, a secondary source is a bibliography, whereas a tertiary source is a synthesis of primary sources.

## Types of tertiary sources

As tertiary sources, encyclopedias, dictionaries, some textbooks, and compendia attempt to summarize, collect, and consolidate the source materials into an overview without adding analysis and synthesis of new conclusions.
Indexes, bibliographies, concordances, and databases are aggregates of primary and secondary sources and therefore often considered tertiary sources. They may also serve as a point of access to the full or partial text of primary and secondary sources. Almanacs, travel guides, field guides, and timelines are also examples of tertiary sources.
Wikipedia is a tertiary source.
# Boone Santa Fe Railroad Depot

The Boone Santa Fe Railroad Depot, at 100 Baker Ave. in Boone, Colorado, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
It has also been known as Boone Town Hall as the city offices were moved there in 1996 upon damage to its main town hall building.
It is a railway station and shipping point for the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway's main line running through southern Colorado.
It was deemed significant as representing "the impact that railroads had on a town's growth and development" and for its architectural significance: "This well-preserved building is one of the few surviving wood frame combination depots still at its original location. The Boone Depot was one of two otherwise standard structures [of the Santa Fe Railway in Southern Colorado] known to have an enlarged operator's bay."
# Tatsutagawa stable

Tatsutagawa stable (立田川部屋, Tatsutagawa beya) was a heya (stable) of sumo wrestlers, part of the Tokitsukaze ichimon or group of stables. It was active from 1971 until 2000.

## History

The stable was founded in 1971 by the former yokozuna Kagamisato. He had become head coach of the Tokitsukaze stable in 1968 upon the death of the previous stablemaster, Futabayama, but was forced out because Futabayama's widow (who retained the rights of the stable and its premises) wanted the former ōzeki Yutakayama Katsuo in charge instead. Kagamisato took the elder name of Tatsutagawa (which had previously been used by several gyōji but had remained vacant since 1961) and set up the stable without taking any recruits with him from Tokitsukaze stable. He was joined by Tatsutayama Oyakata, the former ōzeki Ouchiyama, who worked as a coach at the new stable until his death in 1985. The stable was unable to attract many promising wrestlers and Kagamisato reached the Japan Sumo Association's mandatory retirement age of 65 in April 1988 without having produced any top division wrestlers, and just one sekitori, Takamichi, who reached a highest rank of jūryō 9.
Following Kagamisato's retirement the stable was taken over by the former sekiwake Aonosato who moved from the parent Tokitsukaze stable. He produced the sekitori Fukunosato, Shikishima, Jūmonji and Ryūhō. The stable folded upon Aonosato's retirement in November 2000 upon reaching 65 years of age, with the remaining wrestlers and personnel transferring to Michinoku stable. Among them were future top division wrestlers Toyozakura and Hakuba.

## Owner

* 1968-1988 13th Tatsutagawa: (former Kagamisato Kiyoji, the 42nd yokozuna)
* 1988-2000 14th Tatsutagawa: (former sekiwake Aonosato Sakari)

## Notable wrestlers

* Hakuba (best rank komusubi)
* Shikishima (best rank maegashira 1)
* Toyozakura (best rank maegashira 5)
* Jūmonji (best rank maegashira 6)
* Ryūhō (best rank maegashira 16)
* Takamichi (best rank jūryō 9)
* Fukunosato (best rank jūryō 13)
# Qandala

Qandala (also known as Candala, Andala, Bender Chor, Bandar Kor, Bender Kor or Taba Tege) is an ancient port town in the northeastern Bari province of Somalia.

## Overview

Qandala sits on a wadi estuary, which forms a natural protective harbor for vessels on the Gulf of Aden. It lies 75 kilometres (47 mi) east of Bosaso, 549 kilometres (341 mi) south of Aden, and 475 kilometres (295 mi) west of Socotra.
The city is located in the autonomous Puntland region of Somalia. It is the capital of the Qandala District.
In antiquity, Qandala was an active trading center for merchants from the interior of the Horn of Africa, who transported goods such as incense, gum and aromatic woods to and from the port. Its nickname Gacanka Hodonka ("Gulf of Prosperity") is a relic from this era.
Additionally, Qandala is coextensive with the ancient town of Botiala. The latter settlement features an old fortress complex, which overlooks and controls the mouth of the wadi leading inland.

### 2016 ISIL capture

On 26 October 2016, a militant group linked to ISIL captured Qandala with 50 armed fighters after a brief firefight with local security forces, thus becoming the first town to be seized by Islamic State affiliated militants in Somalia. BBC News reported that ISIL militants had withdrawn from the town for unclear reasons. However, the report was denied by other media outlets claimed that it was false. On 7 December 2016, a Somali official said Puntland security forces had recaptured the port from ISIL-linked fighters, killing 30 militants. Another four soldiers were also killed during the operation.

## Demographics

Qandala has a population of around 19,300 inhabitants.

## Education

Qandala has a number of academic institutions. According to the Puntland Ministry of Education, there are 15 primary schools in the Qandala District. Among these are Xamure, Dhadar, Turmasale and Gurur.

## Transportation

Qandala has a small seaport. Air transportation in the city is served by the Candala Airport.
# Koçyayla, Bala

Koçyayla is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bala, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 170 (2022).
# Sultanlar, Pazarcık

Sultanlar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. The village is inhabited by Sunni Turks and had a population of 578 in 2022.
# Nikka Singh

Nikka Singh was an Indian athlete. He won a gold medal in the men's 1500 metres at the 1951 Asian Games.
A sports stadium in his native village of Bhindran, Sangrur district, Punjab is named in his honour.
# Ilybius discedens

Ilybius discedens is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is found in North America and the Palearctic.
# Borówno

Borówno may refer to the following places in Poland:
* Borówno, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Borówno, Bydgoszcz County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Borówno, Chełmno County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Borówno, Golub-Dobrzyń County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Borówno, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Borówno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
* Borówno Lake in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
# Sigismondo d'Este

Sigismondo d'Este may refer to:
* Sigismondo d'Este (1433-1507), second son of Niccolò III d'Este and his third wife Ricciarda di Saluzzo
* Sigismondo d'Este (1480-1524), youngest son of Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, and Eleanor of Aragon
# Hyphen (architecture)

In architecture, a hyphen is a connecting link between two larger building elements. It is typically found in Palladian architecture, where the hyphens form connections between a large corps de logis and terminating pavilions.
# Kottathur

Kottathur is a prominent ward in Ayroor Panchayat situated on the eastern part of Ayroor, in Pathanamthitta district of Kerala state, India.
There are no authentic records of the origin of the name Kottathur. Its believed that Ayroor was under the Kovillan rule during the12th century AD. It is also believed that Pattalathara a three acre level land was the parade ground of the soldiers of the Kovillans and later converted to agricultural land.
The Pamba River flows by the southern side of the settlement, providing fertile soil. Silt from the pumpa river used to spread a kilo meter width during the floods in Pumpa river. Thus sugarcane was widely cultivated in the silt land adjacent to the river. The Kottathur wet land starting from Pattalathara purayidam and reaching Kuzhimoottil and valiya thodu starting from Thekumkal pattalathara flows around 5 km and drains to the Pumpa river. The wetland was used to cultivate rice two times a year. Another wetland named Attathodu padam originated from Attathottu parambil and reaching the Ranni Cherukolpuzha Rosd.
Kottathur is in the parliamentary constituency of Pathanamthitta.
The ward has hundred percent literacy. Hindus and Christian population live harmoniously. There are 4 churches, a Puthiyakavu temple, a SNDP Guru mandiram, a NSS mandiram and a high school in the ward.

## Geography

The Pamba river and the surrounding hills and valleys make Kottathur one of the most picturesque places in Ayrioor. Residents of Kottathur cultivate coconut, rubber, tapioca, plantains, peppers, arackanut, cashews, nutmeg, rice, and many different types of fruits and vegetables.

## Economy

One of the specialties is the vibrant NRI community in Kottathur whose remittance resulted in a big change in the economy during the past 30 years. (Gulf-American-Malaya) in Ayroor.

## Demographics

Various sections of Christianity and Hinduism co-exist harmoniously. Followers of St. Thomas Christians, the Syrian Mar Thoma, the Syrian Orthodox churches, pentecostal churches form the predominant Churches in Kottathur.

## Religion
### Churches

Churches in the area include: St. Thomas Orthodox Syrian Church Mathapara, Salem Marthoma Church Ayroor, St. Thomas Evanjalical Church and Orthodox Church Udumbinmala.

## Temples

Main Hindu temple- Ayroor Puthiyakavu Devi temple is on the bank of river Pampa. Makara Bharani festival is one of the festivals celebrated in the temple.

## Boat races

Kottathur Palliyodam won awards in the Aranmula Boat Race on several occasions.

## Shree Narayana Group

SNDP [Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalanam] is a landmark building on the Puthiakavu - Thekumkal road with a statue of Sri Narayana Guru, a reformist and Guru highly respected by the people of Kerala especially the Ezhava community. The building was built in 1949-50. The birth day of Sri Narayana Guru is celebrated with a procession, fire work and pancha vadyam on the 'Chathayam'day of the Malayalam month Chingam.

## Nair Community

NSS [Nair Service Society] building on Vettikadu is a landmark building.

## Post Office

Kottathur post office is situated at Mathappara.
# Dorothea Thiess

Dorothea Thiess (1897–1973) was a German stage, film and television actress.

## Selected filmography

* Sacred Waters (1932)
* Scandal on Park Street (1932)
* Anna and Elizabeth (1933)
* The Roberts Case (1933)
* The Red Rider (1935)
* The Girl from the Marsh Croft (1935)
* Uncle Bräsig (1936)
* Moscow-Shanghai (1936)
* The Chief Witness (1937)
* The Beaver Coat (1937)
* Her First Experience (1939)
* Summer Nights (1944)
# Some Other Country

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Tiny Mix Tapes | |
Some Other Country is the fifth album from the techno group Swayzak, released internationally on 27 August 2007.

## Track listing

* "Quiet Life" (feat. Cassy) - 7:25
* "So Cheap" - 6:52
* "No Sad Goodbyes" (feat. Richard Davis) - 5:33
* "Distress and Calling" - 5:18
* "Smile and Receive" (feat. Cassy) - 6:18
* "Claktronic" - 7:07
* "Silent Luv" (feat. Les Fauves) - 5:58
* "Pukka Bumbles" - 5:27
* "By the Rub of Love" - 6:02
* "They Return" - 6:06

## Citations and references

* ↑ Tiny Mix Tapes review Archived 2009-06-20 at the Wayback Machine