OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Staurolemma

Staurolemma is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Pannariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1867, with Staurolemma dalmaticum as the type species.

## Species

* Staurolemma carolinianum P.M.Jørg. (2004)
* Staurolemma dalmaticum Körb. (1867)
* Staurolemma dussii (Vain.) P.M.Jørg. & Henssen (1999)
* Staurolemma fruticosum Henssen (1999)
* Staurolemma oculatum P.M.Jørg. & Aptroot (2010)
* Staurolemma orbiculare P.M.Jørg. & Aptroot (2010)
* Staurolemma perforatum P.M.Jørg. (2010)
* Staurolemma weberi Henssen & P.M.Jørg. (1999)
# Thomas Hopper (architect)

Thomas Hopper (1776–1856) was an English architect of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, much favoured by King George IV, and particularly notable for his work on country houses across southern England, with occasional forays further afield, into Wales and Ireland (especially Ulster).
He was involved with improvements to the Shire Hall in Monmouth under "Royal assent", where he and Edward Haycock made the building extend down Agincourt Street, creating room for a new staircase and larger courts. Hopper took up residence in Monnow Street in Monmouth whilst this was in progress.
In 1840 he exhibited designs for Butterton Hall in Staffordshire. This gothic building lasted until the First World War when it was demolished due to misuse.
Hopper died in 1856.

## Projects

* Leigh Court, North Somerset (1814)
* Penrhyn Castle, Llandegai, Bangor, North Wales (1822–1837)
* Kentwell Hall, Suffolk (1820s)
* Arthur’s Club, 69–70 St James’s Street, London (after 1940 the Carlton) (1826–1827)
* Llanover House, Abergavenny, Wales (1827–1837; demolished 1935)
* Improvements to the Shire Hall, Monmouth (1829)
* Bryn Bras Castle, Llanrug, North Wales (1829–1835)
* Margam Castle, South Wales (1830–1840)
* Wivenhoe House, Essex (1846–1853)
* Hospital buildings at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London (1851)
* Alscot Park, Warwickshire
* Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire (1834–1840 and 1859–1860): a country house named for the nearby former abbey; Grade I listed
* Boreham House, Essex
* Gothic Conservatory at Carlton House, London, demolished
* Crichel House, Dorset, alterations
* Danbury Place, Essex
* Easton Lodge, Essex
* Englefield House, Berkshire
* Gosford Castle, County Armagh
* Chapel at Stansted Park, West Sussex
* Glemham House, Great Glenham, Suffolk (1814)
* Terling Place, Essex (1818–1824): alterations
* Works at Windsor Castle
* Gothic Ballroom at Slane Castle, County Meath, Ireland
* Entrance lodge at Dromoland Castle, County Clare, Ireland
* Woolverstone Hall, Suffolk: extension and remodelling
* Rood Ashton House, Wiltshire: extension and remodelling; almost all demolished in the 1970s

## Gallery of architectural works

* Penrhyn Castle, south front
* Penrhyn Castle, south front
* Penrhyn Castle, centre of west front
* Penrhyn Castle, east front
* The Drawing Room, Leigh Court
* The Conservatory exterior, Carlton House, London
* The Conservatory interior, Carlton House, London
* Garden front, Margam Castle
* West front, Margam Castle
* Lantern above main staircase, Margam Castle
* Main staircase, Margam Castle
* Main staircase, Margam Castle
# List of Bolivian departments by Human Development Index

This is a list of Bolivian departments by Human Development Index as of 2022.
| Rank | Department | HDI (2022) |
| High human development |||
| 1 | Santa Cruz | 0.758 |
| 2 | Pando | 0.724 |
| 3 | Tarija | 0.722 |
| 4 | Oruro | 0.707 |
| 5 | Beni | 0.706 |
| Medium human development |||
| 6 | La Paz | 0.699 |
| – | Bolivia (average) | 0.698 |
| 7 | Cochabamba | 0.688 |
| 8 | Chuquisaca | 0.671 |
| 9 | Potosí | 0.612 |
# Oasis of Ghat

Oasis of Ghat is a protected area of Libya. It is located in south-western Libya, very close to the Algerian border.
An ancient Saharan caravan route used to pass there, and there used to be a center for the slave trade.
# Superior General of the Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter

The Superior General of the Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter is the official title of the head of the Priestly Fraternity of St. Peter (or FSSP). The first position holder was The Very Reverend Fr. Josef Meinrad Bisig FSSP who was ordained His Grace The Most Reverend Marcel-François Lefebvre CSSp, the Founder of the Society of Saint Pius X.

## Title

The formal title in Latin is Praepositus Generalis, which may fairly be rendered as "superior general" or even, "president general".

## Current holder

The current Superior General is The Very Reverend John Berg FSSP, an American Priest who was elected for three six year terms in 2006, 2012, and 2024 at Our Lady of Guadalupe Seminary located in Denton, Nebraska.

## List of Superiors General

| No. | Superior General | Took office | Birthplace | Duration (in days) |
| 1 | Josef Bisig | 1988 | Steinhausen, Switzerland | 4380 |
| 2 | Arnaud Devillers | 2000 | France | 2190 |
| 3 | John Berg | 2006 | Minnesota, United States | 4380 |
| 4 | Andrzej Komorowski | 2018 | Łomża, Poland | |
| 5 | John Berg | 2024 | Minnesota, United States | Incumbent |
# Pratylenchus fallax

Pratylenchus fallax is a plant pathogenic nematode.
# Tom Murphy (rugby union)

Thomas Desmond Murphy (born 25 April 1972) is an Australian former professional rugby union player.
Born in Longreach, Queensland, Murphy was a hooker and played rugby in England during the 1990s. He won two Cambridge blues, captaining the university to victory in the 1997 Varsity match, and spent a season with Harlequins.
Murphy linked up with the ACT Brumbies on his return to Australia in 2000 and was an understudy to Jeremy Paul for two seasons. Following the retirement of Reds hooker Michael Foley, Murphy took the opportunity to return to Queensland and fight for the vacant position, but was forced to retire himself within one season due to a neck injury.
# Ichthyophis youngorum

Ichthyophis youngorum, the Doi Suthep caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae. It is known only from 10 adult and 13 larval specimens collected in 1957 by Edward Harrison Taylor. They were collected in the rainforest of Doi Suthep, near Chiang Mai, in Thailand, in a small valley at 1,200 m (3,900 ft) above sea level.
# Gillett (surname)

Gillett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aden Gillett (born 1958), British actor
* Aidan Gillett (born 1986), Australian actor and stunt performer
* Alan Gillett (disambiguation)
* Amy Gillett (1976–2005), Australian track cyclist and rower
* Andrew Gillett, Australian historian
* Burt Gillett (1891–1971), American director of animated films
* Charlie Gillett (1942–2010), British radio presenter, musicologist and writer
* Dave Gillett (born 1951), Scottish retired footballer
* David Gillett (born 1945), British Anglican bishop
* David Gillett (cricketer) (born 1969), former English cricketer
* Debra Gillett, English actress
* Edward Frank Gillett (1874–1927), British artist and illustrator.
* Emma Gillett (1852–1927), American lawyer and women's rights activist
* Eric William Gillett (1899–1987), Australian lawyer and university officer
* Ezra Hall Gillett (1823–1875), American clergyman and author
* Frederick H. Gillett (1851–1935), former US Speaker of the House, US Representative and US Senator from Massachusetts
* Fred Gillett (astronomer) (1937–2001), American astronomer
* George Gillett (disambiguation)
* Sir Harold Gillett, 1st Baronet (1890–1976), Lord Mayor of London
* Herbert Gillett (1915–95), merchant and politician in Newfoundland
* Hugh Gillett (1836–1915), English first-class cricketer and clergyman
* Ian Gillett (1928–2008), Australian rules footballer
* Ivor Gillett (1928–1950), George Cross recipient
* Katharine Gillett-Gatty (1870-1952), journalist, lecturer and militant suffragette
* James B. Gillett (1856–1937) Texas Ranger
* James Gillett (1860–1937), Republican politician and 22nd Governor of California from 1907 to 1911
* Jarred Gillett (born 1986), Australian football (soccer) referee
* John Gillett (1925–1995), British film critic
* John H. Gillett (1860–1920), Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court
* Les Gillett (born 1970), English international indoor and lawn bowls player
* Leslie Gillett (1881–1969), American football coach
* Lucy Gillett (born 1993), professional footballer and goalkeeper
* Margaret Gillett (1930-2019), Australian-Canadian feminist academic
* Margaret Clark Gillett (1878-1962), British botanist and social reformer
* Mark Gillett, British software engineer and executive
* Mary Gillett (born 1958), Australian former politician
* Matt Gillett (born 1988), Australian Rugby League player
* Max Gillett (1927–2011), Australian politician
* Sir Michael Cavenagh Gillett (1907–1971), British ambassador
* Michael Gillett (born 1973), Australian former professional rugby league footballer
* Nicholas Gillett (disambiguation)
* Sir Peter Gillett (1913–1989), British Army officer
* Ray Gillett (1917–1995), Australian rules footballer
* Sir Robin Gillett (1925–2009), British merchant navy captain, Lord Mayor of London
* Sarah Gillett (born 1956), British ambassador
* Simon Gillett (born 1985), English footballer
* Simon Gillett (rower), Australian lightweight rower
* Stephen Gillett (born 1976), American businessman
* Tyler Gillett (born 1982), American film director, cinematographer, writer and producer
* Violet Gillett (1898–1996), Canadian painter and educator
# Richard Jackson Books

Richard Jackson Books was an imprint at:
* Orchard Books (1986-1996)
* DK Ink (1996-1999)
* Atheneum Books for Young Readers (1999-2019)
# Thomas Harding (1516–1572)

Thomas Harding (1516 at Combe Martin, Devon – September 1572 at Leuven) was an English Roman Catholic priest and controversialist. He was one of the Worthies of Devon of the biographer John Prince (d.1723).

## Life

He went to New College, Oxford, in 1534, was admitted a Fellow in 1536, and took his master's degree in 1542, in which year he was appointed Regius Professor of Hebrew by Henry VIII. Having been ordained priest he became chaplain to Henry Grey, Marquess of Dorchester (afterwards Duke of Suffolk). He at first embraced the Reformed opinions, but on the accession of Mary he declared himself a Catholic, despite the upbraidings of his friend Lady Jane Grey.
In 1554 he took the degree of Doctor of Divinity and was appointed prebendary of Winchester, becoming treasurer of Salisbury in the following year. He also acted as chaplain and confessor to Bishop Gardiner. When Elizabeth I of England became queen, he was deprived of his preferments and imprisoned. Subsequently, he lived in exile in Leuven. There he served St. Gertrude's church and devoted himself to study and to his long controversy with John Jewel, Bishop of Salisbury.

## Works

In 1564, he published "An answere to Maister Juelles Challenge", Jewel having undertaken to conform to the Catholic Church if any Catholic writer could prove that any of the Church Fathers of six centuries taught any of twenty-seven articles he selected. Jewel replied first in a sermon (which Harding answered in a broadsheet "To Maister John Jeuell", printed at Antwerp in 1565) and then in a book. Against the latter Harding wrote "A Rejoindre to M. Jewel's Replie" (Antwerp, 1566) and "A Rejoindre to M. Jewel's Replie against the Sacrifice of the Mass" (Louvain, 1567).
Meanwhile, he had become engaged in a second controversy with the same author, and, in his confutation of a book entitled an "Apologie of the Church of England" (Antwerp, 1565), he attacked an anonymous work, the authorship of which Jewel admitted in his "Defence of the Apologie of the Churche of Englande". Harding retorted with "A Detection of Sundrie Foule Errours, Lies, Sclaunders, corruptions, and other false Dealinges, touching Doctrine and other matters uttered and practized by M. Jewel" (Louvain, 1568).
In 1566, Pope Pius V appointed Harding and Nicholas Sanders as Apostolic delegates to England, with special powers of giving faculties to priests and of forbidding Catholics to frequent Protestant services.
Harding supported exiled English Catholics, and William Allen in founding the English College at Douai. He was buried (16 September 1572) in the Church of St Gertrude, Leuven.
# Tom McKeown (poet)

Thomas Shanks McKeown (born September 29, 1937) is an American poet and educator. He published his first poetry chapbooks in the late 1960s and continued to develop his reputation as a poet of surrealist sensibilities throughout the 1970s, publishing in major magazines such as The New Yorker.

## Biography

McKeown was born in Evanston, Illinois, to Thomas Shanks McKeown, Sr., and Ruth (Fordyce) McKeown. He attended the University of Michigan, where he earned an A.B. in English in 1961 and an A.M. in 1962. He also attended Northwestern University in the summer of 1961. He earned an MFA in writing at Vermont College in 1989.
After graduation from the University of Michigan, McKeown went immediately into teaching, serving as a writing instructor at Alpena Community College, Michigan, from 1962 to 1964, and then at Wisconsin State University-Oshkosh, from 1964 to 1968. His growing fame as a poet enabled him to gain the post of poet-in-residence at Stephens College, Columbia, Missouri, 1968–74, and University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point, 1976–81. He then served as professor of English at Savannah College of Art and Design, 1982–83, and University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, 1983–87. He once again won a position as poet-in-residence in 1989 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Extension, serving in this capacity until 1994. Since then, he has taught poetry tutorials for correspondence schools and independently.
In the late 1970s, McKeown collaborated with composer Harold Blumenfeld, contributing a cycle of poems, Circle of the Eye, to a composition for voice and piano. The piece was performed at Carnegie Hall.
# Ocala, Silver Springs and Park Street Railroad

The Ocala, Silver Springs and Park Street Railroad Company was incorporated by Florida state law chapter 3805 which was approved June 7, 1887. It was incorporated "to construct or operate a line of railway or railroad from the city of Ocala, in Marion county, to Silver Springs, in said county, and from Silver Springs to Silver Springs Park, in the said county, and through the streets of Silver Springs and Silver Springs Park under such restrictions as may be made by law, and said company shall have the right to operate said lines of road with steam or horse-power, as may be most convenient".
It was owned by C. M. Brown, John F. Dunn, Frederick R. Freeman, Daniel A. Miller, F. Brigham Bishop, Hugh E. Miller, George H. McMaster and Edwin Spencer.
# Surgaon Banjari railway station

Surgaon Banjari railway station is a small railway station in Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh. Its Indian railway station code is SGBJ. It serves Surgaon Banjari village. The station consists of three platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation.
# Ruth Kasdan

Ruth Kasdan (1918–2008) was a Swedish stage and film actress and singer.

## Selected filmography

* Prince Gustaf (1944)
* The Girls in Smaland (1945)
* When Love Came to the Village (1950)
* In the Arms of the Sea (1951)
* The Beat of Wings in the Night (1953)
* The Cats (1965)
# List of Filipino writers

This list of Filipino writers is organized by the first letter in the surname.
* Francisco Arcellana
* Francisco Balagtas
* Lualhati Bautista
* Louis Bulaong
* Carlos Bulosan
* Cecilia Manguerra Brainard
* Ian Casocot
* Linda Ty Casper
* Gilbert Luis R. Centina III
* Jose Jason Chancoco
* Rin Chupeco
* Gilda Cordero-Fernando
* Luis G. Dato
* Edmundo Farolán
* Zoilo Galang
* J. Neil Garcia
* Guillermo Gómez Rivera
* N. V. M. Gonzalez
* Jessica Hagedorn
* Nick Joaquin
* F. Sionil José
* Teresita Manaloto-Magnaye
* Resil Mojares
* Virginia R. Moreno
* Marcelino Navarra
* Peter Solis Nery
* José Rizal
* Alejandro R. Roces
* Michelle Cruz Skinner
* Miguel Syjuco
* Lysley Tenorio
* Edith L. Tiempo
* Edilberto K. Tiempo
* Rowena Tiempo Torrevillas
# Jay Marshall (baseball)

Jay William Marshall (born February 25, 1983) is a former professional baseball relief pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball with the Oakland Athletics in 2007 and 2009.
Marshall grew up in St. Louis. He is the son of Rich and Debby Marshall. He graduated from John F. Kennedy Catholic High School (Manchester, Missouri) in 2001. He played against future St Louis Cardinals legend David Freese for his first 3 years. Then the two of them played for an age-11 tournament team that went to Tokyo, Japan to play in an international tournament. David was named the outstanding pitcher in that tournament.

## Early career

Marshall was selected by the Chicago White Sox in the 25th round (750th overall) in the 2002 Major League Baseball Draft. However, he did not sign with the White Sox until next year on May 25, 2003. He played for the White Sox Rookie League team for 3 years from 2003 to 2005 before finally playing in Single-A for the Winston-Salem Warthogs in 2006.
He went 5–1 with 1.02 ERA in 2006 for the Warthogs.

## Professional career
### Oakland Athletics

On December 7, 2006, Marshall was selected by the Oakland Athletics in the Rule 5 draft. He was impressive for the Athletics during Spring Training in 2007, the first time he had been invited to Major League Spring Training. He went 1–0 with a 2.76 ERA in 12 games and made the Opening Day roster despite never playing above Single-A ball.
He made his major league debut on April 2, 2007, and won his only Major League game on April 15 against the New York Yankees, beating future Hall of Fame closer Mariano Rivera when Marco Scutaro hit a three-run home run in the bottom of the ninth inning.
Marshall finished the 2007 season with a 1–2 record and a 6.43 ERA in 51 games. He retired the first 12 batters he faced over the first 4 games of his Major League career.
Following the season, on October 15, Marshall was claimed off waivers by the Boston Red Sox. On December 6, 2007, Marshall was reclaimed by the Oakland Athletics. On December 11, 2007, Marshall was outrighted to the minor leagues to Triple-A Sacramento. Marshall did not pitch in the majors during the 2008 season and made 10 appearances in the 2009 season, going 0–2 with an ERA of 14.73 in 7.1 innings.
On December 30, 2009, Marshall was designated for assignment by the Oakland Athletics to make room on the roster for Justin Duchscherer.

### New York Mets

On January 8, 2010, Marshall was claimed off waivers by the New York Mets. On March 9, 2010, he was returned to the Oakland Athletics after the waiver claim was voided by the commissioner's office due to a pre-existing shoulder injury. The Athletics immediately released him.

## Pitching Style

He pitches with a submarine delivery.
# Terrill Byrd

Terrill Byrd (born October 8, 1986) is a former American football defensive tackle. Byrd completed his college career at University of Cincinnati.
# Hydrothorax

Hydrothorax is the synonym of pleural effusion in which fluid accumulates in the pleural cavity. This condition is most likely to develop secondary to congestive heart failure, following an increase in hydrostatic pressure within the lungs. More rarely, hydrothorax can develop in 10% of patients with ascites which is called hepatic hydrothorax. It is often difficult to manage in end-stage liver failure and often fails to respond to therapy.
Pleural effusions may also develop following the accumulation of other fluids within the pleural cavity; if the fluid is blood it is known as hemothorax (as in major chest injuries), if the fluid is pus it is known as pyothorax (resulting from chest infections), and if the fluid is lymph it is known as chylothorax (resulting from rupture of the thoracic duct).

## Treatment

Treatment of hydrothorax is difficult for several reasons. The underlying condition needs to be corrected; however, often the source of the hydrothorax is end stage liver disease and correctable only by transplant. Chest tube placement should not occur. Other measures such as a TIPS procedure are more effective as they treat the cause of the hydrothorax, but have complications such as worsened hepatic encephalopathy.
# Freshwater railway station

Freshwater railway station was the westerly terminus and largest station of the Freshwater, Yarmouth and Newport Railway, the platform being extended to accommodate the "Tourist Train", a non-stop service from Ventnor.

## History

Incorporated as the Freshwater, Yarmouth and Newport Railway Company in 1860, and opened over a ten-month period between 1888 and 1889, it closed 65 years later, having been situated too far from the tourist honeypots of The Needles and Alum Bay to be consistently profitable. There was a run-round loop, and a goods siding often used for cattle loading. After closure the station was built over by a factory, but this in turn has been demolished and a supermarket now occupies the site.

## Stationmasters

* Frederick George Drudge 1889 - ca. 1894 (formerly station master at Horringford)
* William Denyer ca. 1899 ca. 1901
* F. Newland 1905 - 1908 (afterwards station master at Whitwell)
* Samuel John Urry 1908 - ca. 1915 (formerly station master at Shide, then Calbourne)
* S. Russell ca. 1936
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Terminus | British Railways Southern Region Freshwater, Yarmouth and Newport Railway | Yarmouth |
# Thomas Hardcastle Sykes

Thomas Hardcastle Sykes (15 February 1833 – 25 April 1901) was an English bleacher and businessman and was High Sheriff of Cheshire.
Sykes was born at Edgeley House Stockport, the third son of Richard Sykes, owner of the Sykes Bleaching Company, and his wife Jane Hardcastle. He went to Rugby School and then joined the family bleaching business. He was involved in several successful business speculations. Sykes was a J.P. and Deputy Lieutenant of Cheshire and was High Sheriff of Cheshire in 1899. He was also a captain in the 20th Cheshire Royal Volunteers.
Sykes lived at Cringle House on Schools Hill Cheadle, where he died aged 68. He was buried in a family vault with his wife in Cheadle St Mary's Parish Church graveyard
Sykes married Mary Platt, daughter of John Platt, of Platt Brothers textile manufacturer and MP for Oldham. She was born 3 February 1844 and died 22 August 1875. Their son Alan Sykes continued the family business and was MP for Knutsford. Sykes brother Richard Sykes was a pioneering rugby player and landowner in Dakota. His nephew Percy Sykes was a soldier and explorer of Central Asia.
# Tolé

Tolé is a corregimiento in Tolé District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It is the seat of Tolé District. It has a land area of 76.9 square kilometres (29.7 sq mi) and had a population of 3,240 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 42.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (109/sq mi). Its population as of 1990 was 5,292; its population as of 2000 was 3,156.