OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Godfrey P. Schmidt

Godfrey P. Schmidt (1903 –1998) was an American lawyer involved in anti-Communist and anti-union activities who represented Bella Dodd and worked against Jimmy Hoffa.

## Background

Godfrey P. Schmidt was born on July 15, 1903, in the Bronx borough of New York City. He graduated in 1925 from Fordham University with his B.A. and took his law degree in 1930 from that same institution.

## Career

On September 9, 1952, Schmidt served as legal counsel to former Communist and Teachers Union official Bella Dodd when she testified before the SISS in Manhattan.
Schmidt was particularly noted for his stance against Jimmy Hoffa.
He served on the board of National Review magazine and was the first candidate for Governor of New York State on the Conservative Party ticket.

## Personal life and death

Schmidt lived most of his life in New York City, until the last few years of his life when he lived with his daughter in Virginia.
Godfrey P. Schmidt died on September 27, 1998.
# Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board

The Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board is the regulatory body for the practice of medicine and dentistry in Kenya. It is a state corporation established under Cap 253 Laws of Kenya and its mission is to ensure the provision of quality and ethical health care through appropriate regulation of training, registration, licensing, inspections and professional practice.
# George M. Browning Jr.

George M. Browning Jr. (November 22, 1928 – July 7, 2019) was a lieutenant general in the United States Air Force who served as Comptroller of the United States Air Force from 1981 to 1984. He was commissioned through ROTC at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1952. Browning died on July 7, 2019, at the age of 90.
# Himerois

Himerois is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was described by Turner in 1902.

## Species

* Himerois angustitaenia Warren, 1913
* Himerois basiscripta Warren, 1913
* Himerois periphaea Turner, 1920
* Himerois thiochroa Turner, 1902
* Himerois univittata Pagenstecher, 1900
# Saint Andrew's Golf Club

The Saint Andrew's Golf Club is a golf club located in Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, United States.

## History

Founded in 1888 by John Reid of Dunfermline, Scotland, the club is the oldest golf club in the United States. The club crest features a Scottish saltire. The current site, the club's home since 1897, features an 18-hole golf course designed by golf course architects William H. Tucker and Harry Tallmadge. In 1983, the course was refurbished by legendary golfer Jack Nicklaus.

### United States Golf Association

Along with fellow Empire State club Shinnecock Hills Golf Club, Illinois's Chicago Golf Club, Rhode Island's Newport Country Club and Massachusetts's The Country Club, Saint Andrew's Golf Club was, in 1895, one of the five founding members of the United States Golf Association, one of the sport's two major governing bodies.

## In popular culture

Over the final two decades of the 20th century, the course was featured in a handful of articles in The New York Times. A 1983 article in the paper referenced a dwindling membership and the construction of condominium town houses with the goal of increasing membership. A 1989 story in the Times mentioned the club having recently admitted its first African-American member. And a 1997 piece in the paper, which discusses racial bias at area clubs, mentions the club's $20,000 initiation fee, $9,000 annual fee, and its predominantly white and Christian membership; the same article also mentioned that, until the 1970s, the club had exclusively opened its doors to Presbyterians of Scottish descent.
# Rainbow Dam

Rainbow Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Missouri River, 29 feet (8.8 m) high and 1,055 feet (322 m) long, located six miles northeast of Great Falls in the U.S. state of Montana.

## History

The dam is named for the downstream Rainbow Falls, a 45 ft (14 m) waterfall that is the third of the five Great Falls of the Missouri. Built in 1910, the dam furnishes water to an eight-unit hydroelectric plant with a capacity of 36 megawatts. As the dam's power plant is located over a half-mile downstream, the flow of water over Rainbow Falls and downstream Crooked Falls is significantly reduced during the dry season. The water from the penstocks re-enters the river a few hundred yards east of Crooked Falls. Montana Power Company acquired the dam when it was founded in 1912, PPL Corporation purchased it in 1997 and sold it to NorthWestern Corporation in 2014.
# Kevin McCarthy (director)

Kevin McCarthy is an American television director.

## Career

He is best known as the director of the syndicated game show Jeopardy!, and before that, he served as the show's associate director from the start in 1984 until taking the main director position in 1992 (replacing Dick Schneider), a role in which he held for 26 years until the end of the 2017–18 season, when he announced his retirement on June 26, 2018. He was replaced by Clay Jacobsen. He also directed Jeopardy!'s spin-off programs Rock & Roll Jeopardy! on VH1 and Sports Jeopardy! on Crackle, and co-directed another Merv Griffin-created game show, Click.

## Awards

McCarthy has been nominated 21 times for Jeopardy! in the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game/Audience Participation Show, and won the award 8 times.
# Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects research

The acronyms ELSI (in the United States) and ELSA (in Europe) refer to research activities that anticipate and address ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI) or aspects (ELSA) of emerging sciences, notably genomics and nanotechnology. ELSI was conceived in 1988 when James Watson, at the press conference announcing his appointment as director of the Human Genome Project (HGP), suddenly and somewhat unexpectedly declared that the ethical and social implications of genomics warranted a special effort and should be directly funded by the National Institutes of Health.

## Spread

Various ELSI or ELSA programs have been developed, in Canada, Europe and the Far East. Overview:
* U.S.A.: Ethical, ....Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) (funding agency: NIH, 1990)
* Canada: Genomics-related Ethical, Environmental, Economic, Legal and Social Aspects (GE3LS) (funding agency: Genome Canada, 2000)
* South-Korea: Ethical, Legal and Social Implications (ELSI) (funding: Government of South-Korea, 2001)
* United Kingdom: ESRC Genomics Network (EGN), including: Cesagen, Innogen, Egenis, Genomics Forum (funding agency: ESRC 2002)
* Netherlands: Centre for Society and the Life Sciences (CSG) (funding agency: Netherlands Genomics Initiative, 2002)
* Norway: ELSA Program (funding agency: Research Council of Norway, 2002)
* Germany, Austria, Finland: ELSAGEN Transnational Research Programme (funding agencies: GEN-AU, FFG, DFG, Academy of Finland, 2008)

## Features

At least four features seem typical for an ELSA approach, namely:
* proximity (closeness to or embedding in large-scale scientific programs);
* early anticipation (of societal issues and potential controversies);
* interactivity (encouraging stakeholders and publics to assume an active role in co-designing research agendas);
* interdisciplinarity (bridging boundaries between research communities such as for instance bioethics and STS).

## Reception

The ELSA approach has been widely endorsed by academics studying the societal impact of science and technology, but also criticized. Michael Yesley, responsible for the US Department of Energy (DOE) part of the ELSI programme, claims that the ELSI Program was in fact a discourse of justification, selecting topics of ethics research that will facilitate rather than challenge the advance of genetic technology. In other words, ELSA genomics as the handmaiden of genomics research. In Europe, in the context of the Horizon 2020 program, ELSA-style research is now usually framed as Responsible Research and Innovation. Examples of academic journals open to publishing ELSA research results are New Genetics and Society (Taylor and Francis) and Life Sciences, Society and Policy (SpringerOpen).
# Rudow (surname)

Rudow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Caleb Rudow, American politician
* Ferdinand Rudow (1840–1920), German entomologist
* Lucreția Suciu-Rudow (1859–1900), Romanian poet
* Vivian Adelberg Rudow (born 1936), American composer
# PRQ (disambiguation)

PRQ may stand for:
* PRQ, a Swedish internet service provider
* Ashéninka Perené, the Campa family language of Peru, ISO 639 identifier
* Parti républicain du Québec
# Robert Haynes

Robert Haynes may refer to:
* Robert Haynes (geneticist) (1931–1998), Canadian geneticist and biophysicist
* Robert Brian Haynes, Canadian physician, clinical epidemiologist, and academic
* Robert Haynes (cricketer) (born 1964), West Indian cricketer
# Derek King (disambiguation)

Derek King (born 1967) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player.
Derek King may also refer to:
* Derek King (Australian footballer) (1948–2014), Australian rules football player
* Derek King (footballer, born 1929) (1929–2003), English football player
* Derek King (footballer, born 1980) (born 1980), Trinidad and Tobago international football player
# Pruninae

Pruninae is a taxonomic subfamily within the larger family of Marginellidae, a group of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Volutoidea.

## Genera

* Balanetta Jousseaume, 1875
* Bullata Jousseaume, 1875
* Closia Gray, 1857
* Cryptospira Hinds, 1844
* Hyalina Schumacher, 1817
* Mirpurina Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 2019
* Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852
* Rivomarginella Brandt, 1968

### Genera brought into synonymy

* Egouana: synonym of Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852 (invalid: incorrect alternative original spelling)
* Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852
* Gibberulina Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Bullata Jousseaume, 1875
* Leptegouana Woodring, 1928: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852
* Porcellanella Conrad, 1863 †: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852 ( invalid: junior homonym of Porcellanella White, 1852 [Crustacea].)
* Volutella Swainson, 1831: synonym of Bullata Jousseaume, 1875 (invalid: junior homonym of Volutella Perry, 1810 [Vasidae])
# Pseudanarta flavidens

Pseudanarta flavidens is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is in North America, including Colorado and Arizona.
The wingspan is about 26 mm.
# Robert Carnegie

Robert Carnegie may refer to:
* Robert Carnegie, Lord Kinnaird (died 1566), Scottish landowner and judge
* Robert Carnegie, 13th Earl of Northesk (1926–1994), British landowner and farmer
* Robert Carnegie, 3rd Earl of Southesk (died 1688), Scottish nobleman
# Robert Carnegie, 13th Earl of Northesk

Robert Andrew Carnegie, 13th Earl of Northesk (24 June 1926 – 26 January 1994), was a British landowner, farmer and hereditary peer.

## Early life and education

Northesk was the son of John Carnegie, 12th Earl of Northesk and Dorothy May Campion. He was educated at Pangbourne Nautical College and Tabor Academy, Massachusetts. He inherited the earldom upon the death of his father in 1975.

## Later life

Northesk served in the Royal Navy from 1942 to 1945. He was an amateur racing driver (racing as "Robin Carnegie") and raced at Le Mans and in the Mille Miglia. In the 1970s he moved to the Isle of Man where he bred Charolais cattle and exported them throughout the world.

## Marriage and children

On 20 July 1949, Northesk married Jean Margaret MacRae, daughter of Captain John Duncan George MacRae and Lady Phyllis Hervey, daughter of Frederick Hervey, 4th Marquess of Bristol. They had four children:
* Ian Robert MacRae Carnegie (9 April 1950 – 19 November 1951)
* Lady Karen Jean Carnegie (born 22 December 1951), married Patrick Vavasseur Fisher, 4th Baron Fisher.
* Lady Mary Barbara Carnegie (born 10 February 1953), married William Patrick Stirling Damerell.
* David John MacRae Carnegie, 14th Earl of Northesk (3 November 1954 – 28 March 2010)

## Death

Lord Northesk died in 1994 at the age of 67. He was succeeded in the earldom by his younger but only surviving son, David.
# Derma

Derma may refer to:
* Dermis
* Derma, Mississippi
* Intestine, for use in cooking
* Kishke (Jewish food), or stuffed derma
# Derlwyn, Ceredigion

Derlwyn is a small village in the community of Llandysul, Ceredigion, Wales, which is 61.4 miles (98.8 km) from Cardiff and 180.9 miles (291.1 km) from London. Derlwyn is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion constituency in the House of Commons.
# DermAtlas

DermAtlas is an open-access website devoted to dermatology that is hosted by Johns Hopkins University's Bernard A. Cohen and Christoph U. Lehmann. Its goal is to build a large-high-quality dermatologic atlas, a database of images of skin conditions, and it encourages its users to submit their dermatology images and links for inclusion.
It is edited in a collaborative fashion by physicians around the globe and includes an online Dermatology Quiz, that allows anyone to test their dermatology knowledge.
The database currently includes over 10,500 images and consists of both clinical images and histological images. Great emphasis is placed on dermatological conditions in pediatric patients.
# Robert Holland (executive)

Robert Holland Jr. (April 11, 1940 – December 22, 2021) was an American business executive and entrepreneur. He served as President and CEO of Ben & Jerry's from 1995 to 1996.

## Life and career

Holland grew up in Albion, Michigan. He earned a B.S. in mechanical engineering from Union College in 1962, and he earned an M.B.A. from the Zicklin School of Business at Baruch College.
Holland was an Associate and Partner with McKinsey & Company, Inc., from 1968 to 1981, then Chairman and CEO of Rokher-J Inc. from 1981 to 1984. After serving as Chairman and CEO of City Marketing from 1984 to 1987 and Chairman of Gilreath Manufacturing, Inc., from 1987 to 1991, he returned to Rokher-J Inc. as Chairman and CEO from 1991 to 1995. He then took the position at Ben & Jerry's, resigning after 20 months after philosophical differences with founder Ben Cohen.
He was Chief Executive Officer of office furniture dealer WorkPlace Integrators from 1997 until 2001. From 2001 to 2009, he maintained a consulting practice for strategic development assistance to senior management of Fortune 500 companies. From 2009 he was a Managing Director and Advisory Board Member of Essex Lake Group, P.C., a strategy and management consulting firm.
Holland served on the boards of directors for Carver Bank Corp., Lexmark International, Inc., Neptune Orient Lines, YUM Brands, and on the Advisory Board of PepsiCo. He founded the Make-A-Difference Dropout Prevention Program in Detroit, Michigan.
He died on December 22, 2021, at the age of 81. He was interred at Ferncliff Cemetery.
# Robert Hollenhorst

Robert W. Hollenhorst (12 August 1913, in St. Cloud, Minnesota – 10 January 2008, in Rochester, Minnesota) was an American ophthalmologist remembered for describing Hollenhorst plaques.

## Biography

Robert Hollenhorst was educated at St. Cloud State University and St. John's University, and graduated from the University of Minnesota Medical School in 1941. He served as a physician in the Army Medical Corps in New Guinea and the Philippines, receiving the Bronze Star Medal. After the war he studied at the Mayo Clinic and joined the staff in 1949, becoming professor of ophthalmology at the Mayo Graduate School of Medicine. His research led to the description of cholesterol plaques in retinal blood vessels which indicate atherosclerosis and increased risk of stroke.
He served as president of the American Ophthalmological Society in 1982 and was awarded its Lucien Howe Medal in 1986. He was also vice chairman of the American Board of Ophthalmology. He was consulting ophthalmologist to Minnesota State Services for the Blind for 30 years, and a founder of the Minnesota Pre-school Medical Survey of Vision and Hearing. Governor of Minnesota Arne Carlson declared 24 April 1991 Dr. Robert Hollenhorst Day in recognition of his services to the state.
# Pseudocyphellaria argyracea

Pseudocyphellaria argyracea is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It was first scientifically described in 1822 by Dominique François Delise. Edvard Vainio transferred it to the genus Pseudocyphellaria in 1898.

## Description

Pseudocyphellaria argyracea has a foliose thallus that ranges from rosette-forming to irregularly spreading. Its upper surface features laminal white soralia and pseudocyphellae, while the pseudocyphellae and lobe margins bear simple to coralloid isidia.

## Habitat and distribution

From East Africa to India, Japan, New Zealand, South America, and the Pacific islands, Pseudocyphellaria argyracea has a broad distribution in the Palaeotropics.
# Dereüstü, Arhavi

Dereüstü (Laz language: Gidreva) is a village in the Arhavi District, Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 166 (2021).
# Desmia sepulchralis

Desmia sepulchralis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in French Guiana.
# Prosection

A prosection is the dissection of a cadaver (human or animal) or part of a cadaver by an experienced anatomist in order to demonstrate for students anatomic structure. In a dissection, students learn by doing; in a prosection, students learn by either observing a dissection being performed by an experienced anatomist or examining a specimen that has already been dissected by an experienced anatomist (etymology: Latin pro- "before" + sectio "a cutting").
A prosection may also refer to the dissected cadaver or cadaver part which is then reassembled and provided to students for review.

## Use in medicine

Prosections are used primarily in the teaching of anatomy in disciplines as varied as human medicine, chiropractic, veterinary medicine, and physical therapy. Prosections may also be used to teach surgical techniques (such as the suturing of skin), pathology, physiology, reproduction medicine and theriogenology, and other topics.
The use of the prosection teaching technique is somewhat controversial in medicine. In the teaching of veterinary medicine, the goal is to "create the best quality education ... while ensuring that animals are not used harmfully and that respect for animal life is engendered within the student." Others have concluded that dissections and prosections have a negative impact on students' respect for patients and human life. Some scholars argue that while actual hands-on experience is essential, alternatives such as plastinated or freeze-dried cadavers are just as effective in the teaching of anatomy while dramatically reducing the number of cadavers or cadaver parts needed. Other alternatives such as instructional videos, plastic models, and printed materials also exist. Some studies find them equally effective as dissection or prosections, and some schools of human medicine in the UK have abandoned the use of cadavers entirely. But others question the usefulness of these alternatives, arguing dissection or prosection of cadavers are required for in-depth learning and teach skills alternatives cannot. Some scholars and teachers go so far as to argue that cadavers and prosections are irreplaceable in the teaching of medicine.
Whether prosections are as effective as dissections in the teaching of medicine is also an unsettled aspect of medical education. Some have concluded that prosections are equally effective. However, others argue that the use of prosections is not as effective, and that dissections help students learn about "detached concern," better understand medical uncertainty, and allow teachers to raise moral issues about death and dying.
Some academics conclude that the effectiveness of prosections versus dissection or other alternatives depends on the type of anatomy or the discipline being taught (e.g., anatomy versus pathology), that the teaching of anatomy is yet insufficiently understood, and that existing studies are too narrow or limited to draw conclusions.
# Depressaria cinereocostella

Depressaria cinereocostella is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by James Brackenridge Clemens in 1864. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Manitoba, Nova Scotia to Georgia and in Nebraska.
The wingspan is 15–22 mm. The forewings are cinereous, overlaid with dull brownish red (except at the costa) and suffused with blackish fuscous in the basal half and irrorated (sprinkled) with black and cinereous scales. There is a series of longitudinal black dashes in the fold and along the veins and the base of the costa and anal angle are blackish fuscous. There is a series of ill-defined blackish-fuscous spots from the middle of the costa around the termen to the inner margin. The hindwings are greyish fuscous, but lighter basally.
The larvae feed on Oxypolis rigidior, Sium suave, Cicuta maculata, Carum carvi and Ligusticum scoticum.
# Devonia, Tennessee

Devonia was the United States Post Office designation for the former coal mining camp in Anderson County, Tennessee, also known as Moore's Camp. The Devonia post office, established in 1920, served Moore's Camp, plus the nearby communities of Rosedale, Fork Mountain, Braytown, and Charley's Branch, until it closed in 1975.
Devonia is the site of a coal preparation plant. Tennessee State Route 116 traverses the area and a 42-mile (68 km) railroad line connects the community with Oneida, Tennessee.
# Devonia

Devonia may refer to:
* Devonia was one of the GWR 3031 Class locomotives that were built for and run on the Great Western Railway between 1891 and 1915
* Devonia (steamer), a passenger ferry, formerly named the Scillonian before 2004
* Devonia, Tennessee, a town in the USA
# Robert Solomon

Robert Solomon may refer to:
* Robert Solomon (politician) (born 1931), former member of the Australian House of Representatives
* Robert M. Solomon, Methodist Bishop
* Robert C. Solomon (1942–2007), professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin
# Pteropurpura erinaceoides

Pteropurpura erinaceoides is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.