OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Reginald McKnight

Reginald McKnight (born February 26, 1956) is an American short story writer and novelist.

## Life

McKnight was born February 26, 1956 in Fürstenfeldbruck, Germany, to an Air Force family; therefore, he moved around a lot in childhood, although he calls Colorado home. He earned degrees from Pikes Peak Community College (A.A.), Colorado College (B.A.) and University of Denver (M.A.); he is also Phi Beta Kappa and received an honorary doctorate from Colorado College.
As a teacher, McKnight has been a professor of English at the University of Maryland, College Park, Carnegie Mellon University, and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He also taught at the University of Pittsburgh, but left when he learned that other faculty told racist jokes about black people when he wasn't in their presence. As of 2002, he is the Hamilton Holmes Professor of English at the University of Georgia in Athens; he was also the first person to hold that position.
McKnight has had two extended stays in Africa, teaching English in Dakar, Senegal, from 1981 to 1982, and another in 1985 as part of a Thomas J. Watson Fellowship. He says that "he didn't truly consider himself a writer until he went to Africa", partly because that he was writing intensely for several hours a day while he was there, and also because, as he states, "when I left that place I had done something to myself in a really profound way--imprinted myself with the written word in ways that I hadn't prior to that". He also states that after a few weeks there, he became more aware of what he calls his "Africanness" by recognizing the same cadences in the voices of Senegalese women that he knew listening to his mother and his aunts growing up.

## Awards

* O. Henry Award
* 1988 Drue Heinz Literature Prize
* 1995 Whiting Award

## Works

* He Sleeps. Macmillan. 2002. ISBN 978-0-312-42104-5. (reprint)
* Moustapha's Eclipse. University of Pittsburgh Press. 1988. ISBN 978-0-8229-3589-6.
* I Get on the Bus. Little, Brown. 1990. ISBN 978-0-316-56055-9.
* The Kind of Light that Shines on Texas. Little, Brown. 1992. ISBN 978-0-316-56056-6.
* White Boys. Henry Holt and Co. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8050-6171-0.

### Editor

* African American Wisdom. New World Library. 1994. ISBN 978-1-880032-34-3.
* Wisdom of the African World. New World Library. 1996. ISBN 978-1-880032-56-5.

### Anthologies

* Shannon Ravenel, ed. (1992). "Quitting Smoking". New Stories from the South: The Year's Best, 1992, Volume 2002. Algonquin Books. ISBN 978-1-56512-011-2.
# Men of Valor

Men of Valor is a first-person shooter video game developed by 2015, Inc. and published by Vivendi Universal Games for the Microsoft Windows and Xbox platforms. Men of Valor is based on the Unreal Engine 2 and simulates infantry combat during the Vietnam War, more specifically, the Tet Offensive in 1968. The game was released in 2004 to mostly positive reviews.

## Plot

The story of Men of Valor follows Dean Shepard and his squad of Marines from the 3rd Battalion of the 3rd Marine Division in 1968, through sixteen missions during the Vietnam War including missions at the height of the Tet Offensive. In historically-based scenarios, the player assumes a variety of roles in which they man the door gun on a Huey helicopter, steer a riverboat along enemy-infested shores, battle their way through enemy tunnel complexes, and call down fire as a forward observer. Mission types include pilot rescues, recon patrols, POW rescue, and search-and-destroy ops, all typical objectives throughout the offensive. Between missions are film clips in both Black and White and Colour showcasing the real war, a similar approach to most WWII games at the time.

## Development

Men of Valor was developed by 2015, Inc. shortly after work finished on Medal of Honor: Allied Assault.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score | Score |
| Aggregator | PC | Xbox |
| Metacritic | 71/100 | 73/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score | Score |
| Publication | PC | Xbox |
| Computer Games Magazine | | N/A |
| Computer Gaming World | | N/A |
| Electronic Gaming Monthly | N/A | 6.5/10 |
| Eurogamer | N/A | 6/10 |
| Game Informer | N/A | 7.75/10 |
| GamePro | | |
| GameRevolution | C+ | C+ |
| GameSpot | 7.9/10 | 7.9/10 |
| GameSpy | | |
| GameZone | 8.8/10 | 7.9/10 |
| IGN | 6.8/10 | 7.8/10 |
| Official Xbox Magazine (US) | N/A | 6.8/10 |
| PC Gamer (US) | 58% | N/A |
| The Sydney Morning Herald | | |
The game received "mixed or average reviews" on both platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic, with 73/100 for Xbox and 71/100 for Microsoft Windows. The game was praised for its story, character development, setting, gameplay, and atmosphere, but was also criticized for its voice acting, unreliable checkpoint system, and frequent difficulty spikes.
Eurogamer gave the title 6/10, stating: "The net result for the makers of Medal Of Honor is a game that's a pleasantly unpleasant diversion from old WW2 glories, yet evidently not the triple A game Vivendi Universal would have been hoping for. Still, Men Of Valor is a solid, enjoyable and challenging Vietnam take on the sort of scripted cinematic shooters that the public evidently love to death."
IGN gave the PC version 6.8/10 and the Xbox version 7.8/10.
# Jan Falkowski

Jan Paweł Falkowski DFC** (26 June 1912 – 27 July 2001) was a Polish fighter ace of the Polish Air Force in World War II with 9 confirmed kills.

## Biography

Falkowski was born in Pohulanka near Vilnius in 1912. In 1934 he entered to Polish Air Force Academy in Dęblin. He was promoted first lieutenant (podporucznik) in October 1936. Then he began his career in Toruń. In 1938 he was sent to Dęblin as instructor. During the Invasion of Poland, on 3 September 1939, he flew a PWS-26, three German planes attacked him. Falkowski reduced the flight almost to the ground and using aircraft maneuverability caused that one German fighter crashed into the ground, and the other interrupted the attack and turned back, most likely due to the small amount of fuel.
After the Soviet invasion of Poland he crossed the border with Romania, then he came to France where he became instructor at Polish School in Lyon–Bron Airport. On 31 May 1940 he took command of section no. 10. When France capitulated, he arrived in the United Kingdom on 27 June 1940. He was assigned to No. 32 Squadron RAF. He shot down his first plane on 16 January 1941. During the battle, his plane was badly damaged, Falkowski had to jump with a parachute and broke his leg on landing. After treatment he was sent to the No. 315 Polish Fighter Squadron. In August 1941 he downed three Bf 109 over France. In September he scored two victories. On 22 September he became commander of "A" Flight. He also served in No. 316 Polish Fighter Squadron and No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron. On 30 January 1945 he was named commander of the 3rd Polish Fighter Wing. During one flight over the Netherlands, on 9 March 1945, he was hit by flak, due to the failure of the aircraft, Falkowski had to save himself by jumping with a parachute once again. He was fired upon by the Germans. One of the bullets wounded him in the leg. He was taken POW. On 9 May 1945 he came back to England.
After the demobilization in 1947, he settled in Canada and had a farm 20 miles away from Toronto. In the 1960s he wrote an autobiographic book, Z wiatrem w twarz (With the wind in my face), edited in Poland in 1990.
Jan Falkowski died on 27 July 2001 in Peterborough, Canada.

## Awards

Virtuti Militari, Silver Cross
Cross of Valour (Poland), four times Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
# Carnew executions

The Carnew executions refer to the summary execution of 28 prisoners being held as suspected United Irishmen by yeomanry troops from the Carnew garrison stationed in the barracks of Carnew Castle, County Wicklow, Ireland on 25 May 1798.

## Background

The Society of United Irishmen having failed to advance its aims of Catholic emancipation and parliamentary reform by political means, instigated a rebellion against British rule in Ireland. The rebellion took place in May 1798, but the only significant uprisings outside of the province of Ulster occurred in counties Wicklow and Wexford, both south of County Dublin. The rebels were met with a swift response from the Dublin Castle administration and the bulk of the rebellion was suppressed within a year.

## Executions

By the morning of the 25 May, news of the long-expected outbreak of the 1798 rebellion in neighbouring County Kildare and of military losses in the battles of Ballymore-Eustace, Naas, and Prosperous had reached the garrison in Carnew, who decided to take preventative measures by assembling the rebel suspects in detention. The suspects were marched from Carnew Castle to the local handball alley and executed by firing squad (consisting of yeomanry soldiers) as a warning to the local populace.
# Carney, County Sligo

Carney (Irish: Fearann Uí Chearnaigh, meaning 'territory of Ó Ciarnaigh') is a village on the Maugherow Peninsula in County Sligo, Ireland. It is 8 km north of Sligo town (11 km by road).

## Transport

Bus Éireann route 474 (Sligo - Drumcliffe - Maugherow) serves the village on Saturdays throughout the year and Mondays to Fridays during the school term.
# Carney's

Carney's is a hot dog and burger restaurant in a yellow Union Pacific rail car on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles, California. It was brought to the site in 1978. A second Carney's, also in train cars, is located on Ventura Boulevard in Studio City. A crackdown on weekly biker meetings at that location caused controversy.
Pulitzer-prize-winning LA restaurant critic Jonathan Gold put Carney's on his list of 99 essential Los Angeles restaurants and wrote that, "Carney’s is a restaurant in the real Los Angeles tradition, two ancient Union Pacific cars transported to West Hollywood at great expense and mounted overlooking the Strip, where a mad parade of bass players and catalog models, hustlers and high school kids, movie guys and industry suits stare out the windows of the old bus, onto the profusion of German tourists and Japanese cars that flow down this section of Sunset so steadily that after a few beers and a chili dog or two, the train can appear to be lurching down the track." KTVU movie critic Bob Shaw was fond of Carney's burgers. Carney's serves a chocolate-dipped frozen banana on a stick for dessert.
Carney's was featured in the video games Midnight Club: Los Angeles and Grand Theft Auto V (as "Last Train in Los Santos" restaurant).
# Reidgotaland

Reidgotaland, Reidgothland, Reidgotland, Hreidgotaland or Hreiðgotaland was a land mentioned in Germanic heroic legend (mentioned in the Scandinavian sagas as well as the Anglo-Saxon Widsith) usually interpreted as the land of the Goths.

## Etymology and Location

Oddly, hreiðr can mean "bird's nest" and perhaps it was a kenning for the Goths tradition of moving and "nesting" in new territories, but hreið- is also a name-prefix meaning "beautiful", "eager", "great", "famous", "noble". Another possibility is that it was originally reið "ride, journey" (see Raidô). The use of the prefix is simple as the same tribal name was used for the Gutes of Gotland. The identification of the territory varies between the sources. This is the list of meanings given by Nordisk familjebok:
* The Island of Gotland.
* Götaland.
* The land of the Goths, i.e. Gothiscandza and their later territories. In Hervarar saga, it was the same as Oium and bordered the land of the Huns from which it was separated by Myrkviðr.
* The territories of the Goths in southern Europe, according to Anglo-Saxon sources.
* Denmark and Sweden (according to Snorri's Edda it was the earthly kingdom of Odin).
* Denmark.
* Jutland.
The second edition of Nordisk familjebok explains that Hreidgoths was originally applied to the Ostrogoths in south-eastern Europe. It appears as hraiþkutum hręiðgotum on the Rök Stone in Östergötland. In Hervarar saga, the name Hreiðgotaland is applied to the territories of the Ostrogoths in south-eastern Europe. In Widsith, the traveller has been with the Hreðgotum, ruled by Eormanrīc, historic king of the Goths. In Snorri's Edda, it is either applied to Jutland or to Scandinavia as a whole, while the islands are called Eygotaland. In the Legendary sagas however, Eygotaland is used only for the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea.
# Remember Shakti – Saturday Night in Bombay

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| All About Jazz | (favorable) |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Remember Shakti – Saturday Night in Bombay is a live album by the world fusion band Remember Shakti released in November 2001 on the Verve label. This concert features John McLaughlin on guitar, U. Srinivas on electric mandolin, Vikku Selvaganesh on ghatam, kanjira and mridangam, Zakir Hussain on tabla and a number of guest musicians, including vocalist Shankar Mahadeven, slide guitarist Debashish Bhattacharya and drummer Sivamani.

## Track listing

* "Luki" (John McLaughlin) – 5:39
* "Shringar" (Shivkumar Sharma) – 26:38
* "Giriraj Sudha" (U. Srinivas) – 10:45
* "Bell'alla" (Zakir Hussain) – 18:48

## Personnel

* U. Srinivas – electric mandolin
* Zakir Hussain – tabla
* John McLaughlin – guitar
* Vikku Selvaganesh – kanjira, ghatam, mridangam, percussions
Guest musicians
* Shankar Mahadeven - voice
* Debashish Bhattacharya – (Hindustani) slide guitar
* Bhavani Shankar – dholak
* Roshen Ali – dholak
* Aziz – dholak
* Taufiq Qureshi – def
* Shivkumar Sharma – santoor
* A.K. Pallanivel – tavil
* Sivamani – drums
Other credits
* Max Costa – engineer
* Sven Hoffman – engineer
* Lïla Guilloteau – assistant coordinator
# Jan Goodwin

Jan Goodwin is an author and investigative journalist with a focus on war, conflict and human rights, women's issues and the Islamic world. Her journalistic career has been committed to focusing attention on social justice and human rights, both international and domestic.
She has covered wars and unrest in Afghanistan, Angola, Bosnia, Cambodia, Democratic Republic of Congo, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Iran, Iraq, Kosovo, the Middle East and Gulf, Northern Ireland, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Uganda.
A longtime human-rights activist and the recipient of three Amnesty International UK Media Awards, Goodwin has testified before Congress on a number of occasions. She served on the White House’s National Cambodian Crisis Committee, created in 1980 as a clearing house for donations and relief efforts. Other national honors include a Frontpage Award for Outstanding Journalism for her "War Torn" series; a Clarion for an anti-child pornography series, and two Emmas for political coverage. Goodwin is the winner of the World Hunger Award and is a Soros Foundation Media Fellow, and a Senior Fellow at Brandeis University’s Schuster Institute for Investigative Journalism.
She was a reporter on and off camera for Defending Our Daughters, an award-winning documentary by two-time Academy Award winner Barbara Kopple on women's international human rights. Narrated by Meryl Streep, the film was shown on Lifetime Television.
In a break from journalism, Goodwin started and ran Save the Children's Peshawar-based multimillion dollar humanitarian program in war-torn Afghanistan for four years. Funded by USAID, the UN and the EU, projects included reconstruction of bomb-damaged infrastructure, including schools, hospitals and clinics; transporting humanitarian aid under war-torn conditions; mother and child health; income-generating and microenterprise. Goodwin's involvement with SCF-US was an outgrowth of her longtime human rights activism.

## Selected works

* Caught in the Crossfire (E.P. Dutton, 1987)
* Price of Honor (Little, Brown, 1994, updated 2003)
# Dorsale dei Peloritani

The Dorsale dei Peloritani is a 70 km (43 mi) panoramic path that runs through the Peloritani mountains in Sicily at a height of around 1,000 m (3,300 ft). Its origins are lost in time. It starts from Monte Dinnammare, overlooking the Strait of Messina where there is the homonymous sanctuary, and ends at Rocca di Novara.
# Lee Seung-won (fencer)

Lee Seung-won (born 15 April 1979) is a South Korean fencer. He competed in the individual sabre event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Grzegorz Zimniewicz

Grzegorz Zimniewicz (born 13 October 1991) is a Polish athlete competing in sprinting events. He represented his country in the 4 × 100 metres relay at the 2013 World Championships without qualifying for the final.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Poland ||||||
| 2009 | European Junior Championships | Novi Sad, Serbia | 6th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.70 |
| 2010 | World Junior Championships | Moncton, Canada | 4th (h) | 100 m | 10.37$^1$ |
| 2010 | World Junior Championships | Moncton, Canada | 10th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.24 |
| 2011 | European U23 Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 11th (h) | 100 m | 10.64 |
| 2011 | European U23 Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 4th | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.40 |
| 2011 | Military World Games | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 24th (h) | 100 m | 10.97$^2$ |
| 2011 | Military World Games | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.63 |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 5th | 100 m | 10.55 |
| 2013 | European U23 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 38.81 |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 11th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 38.51 |
| 2015 | Universiade | Gwangju, South Korea | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.50 |
| 2015 | Military World Games | Mungyeong, South Korea | 14th (sf) | 100 m | 10.79 |
| 2015 | Military World Games | Mungyeong, South Korea | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.35 |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 6th | 4 × 100 m relay | 38.69 |
| 2017 | IAAF World Relays | Nassau, Bahamas | 17th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.84 |
| 2017 | Universiade | Taipei, Taiwan | – | 4 × 100 m relay | DQ |
$^1$Disqualified in the semifinals
$^2$Did not finish in the semifinals

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 10.31 (+0.8 m/s, Łódź 2013)
* 200 metres – 21.08 (-0.6 m/s, Zielona Góra 2010)
Indoor
* 60 metres – 6.66 (Spała 2014)
# Party of the Union for Renovation and Development

The Party of the Union for Renovation and Development (Parti d'Union pour la Rénovation et le Développement) is a political party in Togo. The party participated in the October 2007 parliamentary election, but did not win any seats.
# Forster Memorial Park

Forster Memorial Park, is a public park in London Borough of Lewisham. It takes up the land between Bellingham Road and Whitefoot Lane, Catford – the park and surrounding roads form Southend or Southend Village. The nearest stations are Bellingham and Beckenham Hill.

## History of the park

The land where the park now stands was donated by H.W. Forster, first MP for Bromley and later Governor-General of Australia. The Forster family had lived at Southend Hall from the early 19th century (now demolished, but located near the junction of Bromley Road and Whitefoot Lane) and had a large estate covering what was then a rural outpost of London in the county of Kent. The land for the park was donated in memory of H.W. Forster’s two sons, Alfred and John Forster, who died in World War I, and was formally opened by his daughter in 1922.
The park was expanded again in 1937, when further land to the north was bought from the Forster Estate Company.

## Layout and notable features

The park, which is accessed from Whitefoot Lane, extends to 17 hectares (42 acres) and is unusual for an urbanised area in that its central area of open grassland is surrounded by relict ancient woodland. This wood includes ash, hornbeam and oak trees. The woodland’s shrub layer has been found to include some wild service tree, a rare species in the UK that is almost exclusively found in ancient woods and hedgerows. The area has been managed since 1999 by the borough’s environmental taskforce. Their work includes removal of invasive species, such as sycamore, and restoration of a more natural landscape.
The park includes a children’s play area, BMX track, cycle route and cycling proficiency area and a football pitch.
There is an active Friends of Forster Memorial Park.
# Formal trousers

Formal trousers, also known as formal striped trousers or colloquially spongebag trousers, are grey striped or patterned formal trousers for day attire in traditional Western dress code, primarily associated with formal morning dress or secondly its semi-formal equivalent black lounge suit. Traditionally made from heavy wool ranging from worsted, melton to partial twill weave, the pattern is most often of a muted design in stripes of black, silver, white and charcoal grey in various combinations (not to be confused with pinstripe or chalkstripe, which are formed of single thin lines spaced equally apart). In addition, formal trousers may also come in check patterns, such as houndstooth check, or plaids, although these variants are widely considered as not the most formal.
Typically, formal trousers are intended to be worn with braces with a fishtail back covered by a waistcoat, and have pleats for correct ironing result and comfort. Likewise, for traditional reasons of formality, they do not have turn-ups, since these are considered less formal.

## Name

The British synonym "cashmere striped trousers" refers to the actual name of the stripe pattern, and not to the fabric. Similarly, the slang term "spongebag trousers" or "spongebags" is due to the perceived similarity of the distinctive stripe pattern to traditional sponge-bags, a bag of toiletries (but does not apply to check patterns). In Germany, the synonym "Stresemann trousers" occurs, for the same reasons as the semi-formal stroller is called a "Stresemann".

## History

Formal trousers were originally introduced in the first half of the 19th century as a complement to the then widely worn frock coat. As established formal day attire trousers, they were subsequently introduced to go with the morning dress, which in turn gradually replaced the frock coat as formal day attire standard by 20th century, along with its semi-formal equivalent black lounge suit.

## Gallery

* Different innovative, early interpretations of formal trousers with frock coats and top hats, in Stockholms mode-journal (1847).
* Edwardian era-styled morning coat with formal striped trousers (Fashion, 1901).
* Brazilian President Washington Luís during a military ceremony (late 1920s−early 1930s).
* Sir John Goodwin and Lady Goodwin together with Neil Campbell and his wife, walking over the Grey Street Bridge in morning dress, top hats and spats (1931).
* U.K. Prime Minister Winston Churchill in a black lounge suit with homburg hat and walking stick on Downing Street, giving his famous 'V' sign during World War II.
* Former U.S. President Harry Truman with William Lyon Mackenzie King (1947).
* Prince Philip consort of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (1951)
* John F. Kennedy and Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy, in wedding attire, outdoors (1953)
* Patrick Moenaert, Mayor of Bruges (left), and Paul Breyne, Governor of Western Flanders (right), both in morning dress along with formal trousers at the Sanguis procession in Bruges, Belgium.
* Formal trousers to a black lounge suit in an exhibition of the Textilfabrik Cromford, Ratingen, Germany.