OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shimane Aquarium

Shimane Aquarium or Shimane AQUAS Aquarium (島根県立しまね海洋館, Shimane kenritsu Shimane kaiyokan) is a prefectural public aquarium located in Hamada City and Gotsu City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. It is managed and operated by the Shimane Aquarium Foundation. It is a member of the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA), and the aquarium is accredited as a designated facilities by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

## History

It opened on April 15, 2000. It is one of the largest aquariums in the Chugoku and Shikoku regions, and its concept is "From the Sea of Shimane to the Sea of Japan and the World".
On November 13, 2008, the "Penguin Pavilion" opened on the west side of the main building, and in April 2008, during the construction of the Penguin Pavilion, an accident occurred in which the acrylic panels used for the aquarium tanks were damaged. The acrylic panels were custom-made, which delayed the construction schedule, and the opening was postponed from July 2008 to mid-November 2008.
The Penguin Pavilion's water tank uses an inverted L-shaped acrylic panel, a rarity in Japan, so that visitors can see penguins swimming in front of and above their heads. There are four kinds of king penguins, gentoo penguins, rockhopper penguins, and Humboldt penguins.

### Beluga Whale and Bubble Ring

The aquarium has captivity beluga whales since its opening. In 2009, two beluga whales became pregnant and gave birth. two more beluga whales gave birth in 2014 and are confirmed to be pregnant in 2023.
The aquarium was the first to initiate the beluga whale bubble ring performance. Arya (female) began playing in the bubble ring in the summer of 2005. In May 2007, the three beluga whales, Nascha (female) and Kailya (male), who are currently living together, planned to bubble ring at the same time, and as a result of repeated training, they have been available for public viewing since July 2007 and have been widely introduced overseas.
In October 2007, one of the beluga whales, "Kailya," appeared in a Softbank commercial as a bubbling dolphin. This bubbling performance was also featured in a Softbank commercial in October 2007. The bubbling performance was suspended for about two years after April 2009 due to the birth of a female beluga whale.
Instead, it was possible to see the parent and child beluga whales swimming in the new beluga whale pool that opened in April 2011. Performances resumed on December 16, 2011, and the following year, the young beluga whales also made their show debut.
# Frankfurt's Way or Labour's Way

"Frankfurt's Way or Labour's Way" (sometimes repeated as "Labour's Way or Frankfurt's Way") was a campaign slogan used by the then Irish Labour Party leader Eamon Gilmore in advance of the country's 2011 general election. The phrase has become an archetypal example of a broken election promise in Irish politics. Described as "a desperate attempt to get votes", Gilmore claimed on 3 February 2011 that the Labour Party (if put into power) would renegotiate the recent EU-IMF deal brought in under the Fianna Fáil-Green Party coalition. The promise was made as Gilmore launched Labour's economic plan. Frankfurt (in Germany) is the location of the headquarters of the European Central Bank (ECB). The party made a very strong showing, almost doubling its share of the vote to become the second-largest party in the Dáil, its best showing ever. It then formed its own coalition with Fine Gael, but did not renegotiate the deal.
In 2012, after a decline of 25 per cent in their vote previous year's election evaporated, the Irish Independent said the Labour Party was "haunted" by the promise. The following month, the European Fiscal Compact was enshrined in the Constitution, thereby ensuring the very fiscal compliance Labour had vowed to oppose. Gilmore's promise was also mentioned following the rush through the Oireachtas of legislation to liquidate IBRC in 2013. Even Labour stalwart Fergus Finlay admitted in 2015 that it was "a phrase he [Gilmore] had difficulty living down". However, Alan Kelly claimed "A lot of Labour's way was achieved" when quizzed on Gilmore's promise in 2015.
In Labour's centenary year, state television (RTÉ) produced a two-part documentary on the history of the party, titled Labour's Way.
# Ian Crocker (commentator)

Ian Crocker (born 1965) is a football commentator who works for Sky Sports.
Crocker grew up in the small village of Sutton Poyntz near Weymouth in Dorset and attended Broadway Secondary School.
Prior to his television career, Crocker commentated for Capital Gold in London, alongside Jonathan Pearce and Steve Wilson (who are both now BBC commentators). He then spent several years with BRMB in Birmingham commentating on Aston Villa and Birmingham City. During this period, Crocker began providing occasional commentaries for BSkyB. He covered some live Premier League matches during Sky's first season of coverage 1992/93, before joining permanently in 1997.
After joining Sky, Crocker commentated regularly on Premier League matches, but was best known for his four years (1998–2002) as the voice of Scottish football, covering live matches from the Scottish Premier League, Scottish Cup and Scottish internationals. After Sky lost the rights to the SPL, Crocker became Sky's chief football league commentator between 2002 and 2006.
Although being given occasional live Premier League matches between 2005 and 2006, Crocker was clearly behind the Sky "Big Four" of Martin Tyler, Rob Hawthorne, Alan Parry and Ian Darke in the commentating pecking order. As a result, Crocker left Sky to progress his career with Setanta Sports, working for them during the following three years. Crocker was Setanta's lead commentator on the SPL, and also shared commentating duties with Jon Champion on Setanta's 46 'live' Premier League games.
Setanta went into administration in June 2009 and the UK side of their broadcasting operations was wound up soon after. Crocker went freelance and spent the next season (2009–2010) working for a variety of different outlets. Setanta's sports rights were carved up, with some of the SPL matches returning to Sky, and Crocker was contracted to be Sky's SPL commentator again, seven years after he had previously fulfilled the role. Crocker also worked on UEFA Champions League matches for STV who produced their own in-house coverage, with separate commentary and presentation, of the same matches shown on ITV1. Crocker was also contracted to work for ITV1 on their FA Cup Highlights shows, as well as being heard by an international audience commentating on Premier League matches for Premier League Productions.
Crocker travelled to South Africa for the 2010 World Cup where he was ITV's fourth commentator, covering two matches live and several other matches for their highlights shows, including Switzerland's defeat of Spain, and Portugal's 7–0 victory over North Korea.
In September 2010, it was announced that Ian Darke was leaving Sky Sports to join ESPN America as their leading football commentator. Crocker was subsequently re-signed by Sky Sports on a permanent basis as an integral part of their football commentating line-up. Crocker commentates frequently for Sky Sports coverage of Scottish football.
# Bridget Chaworth

Bridget Chaworth (c. 1542 – 18 April 1621), later Bridget Carr, was a gentlewoman of the Privy Chamber to Elizabeth I and Queen Anne.

## Family

Bridget Chaworth, born about 1542, was the daughter of Sir John Chaworth (c. 1498 – 3 September 1558) of Wiverton Hall, Nottinghamshire, and Mary Paston (c. 1520 – 30 September 1583), the daughter of Sir William Paston (d.1554) of Oxnead, by Bridget, daughter of Sir Henry Heydon. She was the granddaughter of George Chaworth (d.1521), who inherited the manors of Wiverton and Edwalton, the latter manor having been held by the Chaworth family since early in the thirteenth century.

## Career

She entered the service of Elizabeth I as a gentlewoman of the Privy Chamber about 1578, and continued to serve the Queen for the remaining twenty-five years of her reign. About 1590 she married Sir William Carr, but remained in the Queen's service. In 1591 the Queen gave her a 'scarf of ash colour cypress with 2 edges of gold & silver', which Lady Bridget later bestowed on George Tenecre. She attended the Queen in her final illness; in a letter written on 15 March 1603, a week before the Queen's death, George Chaworth wrote to Lady Arbella Stuart that:
   I went to my cousin Carr. She was with the Queen, for she is sick, though courtiers say contrary.
After Queen Elizabeth's death, Lady Bridget continued to serve in the royal household as a gentlewoman to Queen Anne, wife of James I, for the remaining fourteen years of her own life.
She died 18 April 1621 at the age of seventy-nine, and was buried in the parish church at Ufford, Northamptonshire, where the inscription on her monument commemorates her service to Elizabeth I and Queen Anne, as well as her love for her sister, Katherine Chaworth, wife of George Quarles of Ufford:
   Dame Bridget, Lady Carr, widow, daughter of Sir John Chaworth of Wiverton, Nottingham, late wife to Sir William Carr of Old Sleaford in the county of Lincoln, who served the late Queen Elizabeth of most famous memory, being one of the gentlewomen of her Majesty’s Privy Chamber for the space of five and twenty years, and afterwards served the most renowned Queen Anne, wife to our most gracious sovereign, King James, for the space of 14 years, being the residue of her life, and died the 18th day of April being of the age of 79 years, the which said Lady Carr, out of her love to her dear sister Katherine, the wife of George Quarles of this town of Ufford, esquire, hath caused her body to be here interred 1612 [sic].

## Marriage and issue

In around 1590 she married Sir William Carr (16 May 1542 – 1608) of Sleaford, Lincolnshire, by whom she had no issue. Sir William Carr was succeeded by his youngest brother, Edward Carr, 1st Baronet Carr.
# Leaving Rouge

Leaving Rouge was an indie rock band from Detroit, Michigan.

## History

Leaving Rouge released Collected Songs shortly after the band's formation in 2002. The ten song album featured close to twenty musicians, the only constant being vocalist Sean Hoen. Prior to forming Leaving Rouge, Hoen had fronted Thoughts of Ionesco, a Detroit-based noise-core band whom Alternative Press had referred to as "an ultimate expression of pain-through-sound." According to a 2004 article in Real Detroit Weekly, Hoen claimed his change in musical direction drew skepticism from fans of Thoughts of Ionesco, and that the band had a difficult time finding an audience. He cited the Red House Painters and Nick Drake as being primary influences for the band's sound.
A self-titled EP on the Detroit label Down Peninsula Audio followed in 2003, and the band signed with Portland, OR indie label Greyday Productions in 2004. The band released a second EP titled White Houses. The EP was praised by sources as diverse as Harp Magazine and Playgirl Magazine. A second full-length album, Elsewhere, was released on March 21, 2006. A departure from the more experimental tones of White Houses, Elsewhere received mixed reviews and the band broke up before the end of the year. About the album, All Music Guide's Nick Raggett wrote, "As compared with the more stretched-out and reflective sound of the earlier version of the group, everything here is much more direct, aiming for play on a radio station that might not exist but probably should." He went on the say that, "The majestic "Sleep Now Forever," with some absolutely gorgeous guitar figures in particular, is the pick of the album. If there's something odd about Elsewhere it might be its mix -- often it almost sounds like a muddy cassette-copy of a clearer master, or as if it should be in the background of a movie scene. It's not constant, though, and with time it sounds more like the artistic choice it was clearly meant to be."
Hoen and Leaving Rouge member Nick Marko played concurrently in The Holy Fire from 2003-2006. The band was signed to California indie label The Militia Group. During this time Leaving Rouge was largely a side project.
During its career, Leaving Rouge opened for Ted Leo, The Appleseed Cast, The Constantines, Kings of Convenience, Karate, and several other "indie" acts. Leaving Rouge, however, would never perform outside of Michigan.
In 2007, Hoen would release a full-length album The Liquor Witch under the name Sean Madigan Hoen.
Songs Only You Know, a memoir by Hoen which includes his experiences in the Detroit punk scene, was published in 2014.

## Members

Leaving Rouge members:
* Sean Hoen
* Kari Buzewski
* Josh Machniak
* Jason Vogel
* Nick Marko
* Sean Bondareff
* Brian Repa
* Nathan Miller
* Elizabeth Holbrook
* Blair Maman
* Mark Victor

## Discography
### Albums

* Collected Songs (Down Peninsula Audio, 2003)
* Elsewhere (Greyday Productions, March 21, 2006)

### EPs/Singles

* Demonstrations (Cascade Records, 2001)
* White Houses (Greyday Productions, 2004)
* White Cold Sun Digital EP (Greyday Productions, 2006)
# Charles Alexander Stevenson

Charles Alexander Stevenson MICE MIEE FRSE (23 December 1855, – 9 May 1950) was a Scottish lighthouse engineer who built twenty-three lighthouses in and around Scotland.

## Life

He was born at 8 Forth Street in the east part of Edinburgh's New Town The family moved to 20 Royal Terrace on Calton Hill shortly after his birth.
Born into the famous Stevenson family of lighthouse engineers, son of David Stevenson and his wife Elizabeth Mackay, brother of David Alan Stevenson, and nephew of Thomas Stevenson, he was educated at Edinburgh Academy 1866 to 1872 then studied mathematics and engineering at the University of Edinburgh where he graduated BSc. He joined the family business of lighthouse design in 1875 remaining unpaid as a family member until 1887 when his uncle, Thomas Stevenson died, after which he became a partner. Between 1887 and 1937 he built 23 lighthouses with his brother, David, and is noted for his experiments with optics. He also improved foghorns and created his own wireless communication system prior to Marconi's wireless.
In 1886, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir John Murray, Peter Guthrie Tait, George Chrystal and Alexander Buchan. In 1889 he published an account of recent earthquakes in Scotland, with tabulations and a map, based largely on the accounts of lighthouse keepers.
In March 1895, he was appointed examiner of Engineering students at St Andrews University.
He lived at 9 Manor Place in Edinburgh with Ernest Maddox as his neighbour at 7 Manor Place.
He died on 9 May 1950. He is buried in the first northern extension to Dean Cemetery in western Edinburgh. The grave lies on the north path towards the north-east corner. His son David Alan Stevenson lies alongside.

## Family

He married Margaret Sherriff (1863–1945). With her he had two daughters and a son, David Alan (1891–1971), who was the last of the family to enter the profession of lighthouse design.
His cousin was Robert Louis Stevenson, and grandfather was the lighthouse engineer, Robert Stevenson.

## Lighthouses of Charles A Stevenson

* Skroo, Fair Isle (1892)
* Helliar Holm (1893)
* Sule Skerry (1895)
* Rattray Head (1895)
* Stroma (1896)
* Tod Head (1897)
* Noup Head (1898)
* Flannan Isles (1899)
* Tiumpan Head (1900)
* Killantringan (1900) originally including a gigantic foghorn
* Barns Ness (1901)
* Bass Rock (1903)
* Hyskeir (1904)
* Trodday (1908)
* Neist Point (1909)
* Sandaig Light, Glenelg (1910)
* Rubh Re (1912)
* Milaid Point (1912)
* Maughold Head (1914)
* Copinsay (1915)
* Clyth Ness (1916)
* Duncansby Head (1924)
* Esha Ness (1929)
* Tor Ness (1937)
# Gordon Robertson

Gordon Robertson may refer to:
* Gordon P. Robertson (born 1958), co-host on The 700 Club
* Gordon Robertson (cricketer) (1909-1983), New Zealand cricketer
* Gordon Robertson (ice hockey) (born 1926), Canadian ice hockey player
# Pre-Germanic

Pre-Germanic may refer to
* the predecessor of Common Germanic, see Germanic parent language
* a language spoken before the arrival of Germanic speakers during the Migration period, see
** Germanic substrate hypothesis
** Pre-Indo-European (disambiguation)
# Frank Hoppensteadt

Frank Charles Hoppensteadt (born 29 April 1938) is an American mathematician, specializing in mathematical biology and dynamical systems.
Frank Hoppensteadt studied physics and mathematics at Butler University with bachelor's degree in 1960. At the University of Wisconsin–Madison, he received in 1962 his master's degree and in 1965 his PhD with thesis Singular perturbations on the infinite interval under the supervision of Fred Guenther Brauer and Wolfgang Wasow. From 1965 Hoppensteadt was an assistant professor at Michigan State University in East Lansing. From 1968 he was an associate professor and later a professor at New York University's Courant Institute until his resignation in 1979. From 1977 to 1986 he was a professor at the University of Utah, where he also chaired the mathematics department. From 1986 he was Dean of Natural Science at Michigan State University and then, from 1995, at Arizona State University, Professor of Mathematics and Electrical Engineering and Director of the Center for Systems Science and Engineering Research. From 2004 he was Senior Vice Provost for Planning at New York University, and then from 2006 Research Professor at New York University's Courant Institute until his retirement in 2012.
His research deals with perturbation methods for dynamical systems and various aspects of theoretical biology, such as neural networks, neuromorphic engineering, disease spreading, and population dynamics.
Hoppensteadt was a Christensen Fellow at St Catherine's College, Oxford. He was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2002.
In 1998 he was, with Eugene Izhikevich, an invited speaker with talk Canonical models in mathematical neuroscience at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Berlin.

## Selected publications

* Mathematical methods for analysis of a complex disease, Courant Lecture Notes in Mathematics 2011
* with Eugene M. Izhikevich: Weakly connected neural networks, Springer 1997; 2012 pbk reprint
* Analysis and simulation of chaotic systems, Springer, 1993; 2013 pbk reprint of 1st edition; 2nd edition 2000
* with Charles S. Peskin: Modeling and simulation in medicine and the life sciences, Springer, 2nd edition 2002 (first edition entitled Mathematics in medicine and the life sciences, 1992)
* with Anatoliy Skorokhod, Habib Salehi: Random perturbation methods with applications in science and engineering, Springer Verlag 2002
* Quasi-static state analysis of differential, difference, integral, and gradient systems, Courant Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 2010
* "Getting Started in Mathematical Biology" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 42 (9): 969–975. September 1995.
* Mathematical theories of populations : demographics, genetics and epidemics, SIAM 1975
* An introduction to the mathematics of neurons, Cambridge University Press 1986; 1997 2nd edition, pbk
* as editor: Nonlinear oscillations in biology, AMS 1979
* as editor: Mathematical aspects of physiology, AMS 1981
* Founding editor: Cambridge Studies in Mathematical Biology, Cambridge University Press 1980 to 2000
# Seymareh River

The Seymareh (Persian: سیمره) is a river in southwestern Iran formed by the confluence of the Gharehsoo and Ghamasiab rivers in an area around southwest Kermanshah. Seymareh converges with Kashkan just before the historical Gavmishan Bridge near Darreh Shahr to create Karkheh River, an important river in Iran. The change of names from Seymareh to Karkheh is sometimes also considered farther downstream (at the mouth of Zal river at the border of the Khuzestan province).
The Seymareh Dam, a 480MW hydroelectric power station is located on the lower course of Seymareh near Cheshmeh Shirin, Darreh Shahr.
# Gloria McCloskey

Gloria McCloskey [Rogers] (born May 20, 1935) is a former All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player. She batted and threw right handed.
Born in Edina, Missouri, Gloria McCloskey joined the All American League in its 1953 season. She was assigned as an outfielder for the Rockford Peaches club but did not have much of a chance to play during the season.
Afterwards, Gloria moved to Columbia, Missouri and enrolled at Christian College, known now as Columbia College. While at college, she participated in tennis and field hockey as well as in the synchronised swimming squad and the equestrianism program. As a result, in 1955 she was voted Christian College's Athletic Queen. At that time the college did not have a softball team. Therefore, she played for the Goetz Country Club, a fastpitch softball team based in St. Joseph, Missouri, that won the national championship in that year.
Following her college graduation, she attended Northeast Missouri State University and earned a degree in physical education and theatrology. She then taught physical education and coached basketball and track and field across Missouri. By this time Gloria married Kelly Rogers, a school district superintendent in Macon, Missouri. They had two children, a girl, Tracy, and a son, Trent. In her spare time, Gloria volunteered her assistance with the Macon High School softball team for several years. She also worked as the physical education teacher at Salisbury High School in Salisbury, Missouri, where her husband was Superintendent of Schools in the 1980s before their retirement.
Gloria McCloskey Rogers received further recognition when she became part of Women in Baseball, a permanent display based at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York which was unveiled in 1988 to honor the entire All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. After Penny Marshall premiered her film A League of Their Own in 1992, Gloria often spoke to school classes about her experience in the All American League.

## Sources

* 1 2 3 4 Profile. All-American Girls Professional Baseball League website
* 1 2 Madden, W. C. (2000) All-American Girls Professional Baseball League Record Book. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-0597-8
* ↑ Before A League of Their Own. National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
# Broad Mountain Wind Energy Center

The Broad Mountain Wind Energy Center was a proposed wind farm planned for construction on the slopes of Broad Mountain in West Mahanoy and Butler townships in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. The first phase of the project was blocked by legal action in the Courts of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, though initial funding was allocated, and would have included 8 Gamesa 2MW Wind Turbines that were planned to have been operational in late 2011. Phase two of the project will include 27 additional 2MW wind turbines.
If released by the courts, the new 8 turbine wind farm will have a combined total theoretical peak capacity of 70 MW and produce enough electricity annually to power about 21,000 homes.
Along with wind turbines from nearby Locust Ridge Wind Farm, nearly all of the large wind turbines of Broad Mountain will be visible from Interstate 81 near Frackville, Pennsylvania.

## Funding

$5 million was provided through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to fund construction of Phase I of the Broad Mountain project.

## Cancellation

A group of citizens opposed the construction of the Broad Mountain Wind Energy Center. They challenged the validity of the permit for the wind farm on the grounds that their lives would be adversely affected. The county judge ruled that the developer did not have a vested right to the permit and it was revoked. This was upheld by the appeals court effectively ending construction of the wind farm.