OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# France (European Parliament constituency)

France is a European Parliament constituency for the elections to the European Parliament covering the member state of the European Union France. It is currently represented by 81 Members of the European Parliament. From 2004 until 2019, eight subdivided constituencies represented France in the European Parliament.

## Elections
### 1979

The 1979 European election was the first direct election to the European Parliament to be held and hence the first time France had voted.

### 1984

The 1984 European election was the second election to the European Parliament and the second for France.

### 1989

The 1989 European election was the third election to the European Parliament and the third for France.

### 1994

The 1994 European election was the fourth election to the European Parliament and the fourth for France.

### 1999

The 1999 European election was the fifth election to the European Parliament and the fifth for France.

### 2019

The 2019 European election was the ninth election to the European Parliament and the sixth for France as a nationwide constituency. Elections in 2004, 2009 and 2014 were contested in regional constituencies.
The far-right National Rally and President Macron's centrist LREM–MoDem alliance each won 23 seats. The green group The Ecologists won 13, the centre-right group of The Republicans and The Centrists won 8 seats and the far-left group (La France Insoumise) and the centre-left group (led by the Socialist Party) each won 6 seats. The centre-right Union of Democrats and Independents and the French Communist Party each lost the 3 seats they had held in the previous parliament.
As the 2019 election was after the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, but before Brexit took effect at midnight CET on the morning of 1 February 2020, several French seats were only taken up after the British members left the European Parliament. These seats are included in the numbers mentioned above and were apportioned with 2 to the centrist LREM–MoDem group and 1 each for the National Rally, The Ecologists and the Socialists. These additional seats are shown as outlined circles in the hemisphere diagram in this section.

### 2024

The 2024 European election was the tenth election to the European Parliament and the seventh for France as a nationwide constituency.
The far-right grouping, led by the National Rally, won 30 of France's 81 seats, with 31.50% of the vote. The centrist group, led by President Macron's Renaissance, and the centre-left group, led by the Socialist Party, each won 13 seats. The far-left, led by La France Insoumise, won 9 seats; the Gaullist centre-right, led by The Republicans, won 6 seats and the greens (The Ecologists) and another far-right group (Éric Zemmour's Reconquête) won 5 seats each.
About one hour after results for the European Parliament election showed that Renaissancewould place a distant second to National Rally, Macron called for the dissolution of parliament and snap legislative elections.
# Gaurain-Ramecroix

Gaurain-Ramecroix is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Tournai, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
# Sirkus Papukaija

Sirkus Papukaija (Finnish for Circus Parrot), later simply Papukaija, is a Finnish children's TV show shown on Yle's channel from 1961 to 1967. The show was shown every other Sunday, and it involved numerous "parrot clubs" in various Finnish municipalities. The show spawned the popular catchphrase "10 pistettä ja papukaijamerkki" ("10 points and a parrot badge"), which is used to congratulate someone on a correct answer, and is so popular that even people who have never heard of the show use it in everyday conversation.
The show was the first magazine-style children's show, and starred figures such as Postikaija Pete, whom children could send drawings to, the ringmaster/editor Orvo Kontio, the magician Faqir Kronblom (Nils Hedengren [fi]), who had the magic words "salt, salt, more salt", Professor Hajamieli (Martti Varpama) and Onni the Clown (Onni Gideon Tervonen [fi]), whose trousers and shoes defined the clown image for Finnish children.

## Miscellanea

The Finnish equivalent of Wikipedia barnstars is named "papukaijamerkki" after this show.
# Psiliglossa

Psiliglossa is a circum-Mediterranean and Central-Asian genus of potter wasps with seven known species.
# Turbinaria

Turbinaria may refer to:
* Turbinaria (alga), a genus of seaweeds in the family Sargassaceae
* Turbinaria (coral), a genus of coral in the family Dendrophylliidae
# Nord Autobahn

The Nord Autobahn (A5) is a motorway, or Autobahn, in Lower Austria and part of European route E461. The first stage, which opened to traffic 31 January 2010, starts from a junction with the Vienna Outer Ring Expressway (S1) at Großebersdorf and goes through the wine quarter to Schrick, where it becomes the highway B7.
An extension of the A5 from Schrick to Poysbrunn was completed in December 2017. The traffic release took place on 8 December 2017. At a later stage, it is planned to extend the A5 all the way to the Czech border, where it will continue as the Czech D52, forming a continuous motorway link between Vienna and Brno.
# Romania at the 2019 Summer Universiade

Romania competed at the 2019 Summer Universiade in Naples, Italy held from 3 to 14 July 2019. The country won one silver medal and three bronze medals.

## Medal summary
### Medal by sports

Medals by sport :
| Athletics | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Fencing | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Total | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |

### Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Silver | Alin Alexandru Firfirică | Athletics | Men's discus throw | July 13 |
| Bronze | Florentina Iusco | Athletics | Women's long jump | July 9 |
| Bronze | Răzvan Ursachi | Fencing | Men's individual sabre | July 4 |
| Bronze | Mălina Călugăreanu | Fencing | Women's individual foil | July 5 |
# Philodromus johani

Philodromus johani is a spider species found in Greece.
# Francisco Aguirre de la Hoz

Francisco Aguirre de la Hoz (born 1943, in Ávila, Spain) is a Spanish lawyer and former politician.
After qualifying as a lawyer at the University of Valladolid and University of Valencia, together with Emilio Attard, he helped to found the Valencian Regional Party and later, the Democratic Popular Party (PDP). Subsequently, the PDP, together with other parties, formed the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD). As a UCD member, at the 1977 General Election, he was elected to the Spanish Congress of Deputies representing Valencia Province and was re-elected in the subsequent election in 1979.
From April 1978 until June 1979 he served as Minister for Economics and Manufacturing in the Valencian Regional Administration. He did not stand at the 1982 election, retiring from politics and moving to Barcelona where he founded a Business Association.
# Pretschwitz

Pretschwitz is a district of the municipality Rauschwitz in the Saale-Holzland-Kreis in Thuringia.

## Geography

Between the Tautenburg Forest and the wooded hills around Törpla and Petersberg lies an agricultural area that was once cultivated by monks, farmers, and Sorbs. In a small erosion gully lie the hamlets of Pretschwitz, Döllschütz, and Aubitz, which were laid out scattered for operational reasons at the time. Today, they are well-connected by other technologies and road conditions. The Bundesautobahn 9 with access to Eisenberg passes immediately by. The Bundesstraße 7 grazes the southern boundary of the hamlet. The Landesstraße 1070 runs westward through the district. The Wethau stream coming from Hohendorf also runs through here.

## History

The hamlet was first mentioned in a document in September 1230. Pretschwitz belonged to the Wettin Kreisamt Eisenberg, which due to several partitions during its existence was under the sovereignty of various Ernestine duchies. In 1826, the southern part of the Kreisamt Eisenberg, including the town of Eisenberg, transferred from the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg to the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg. From 1920, it belonged to the Free State of Thuringia.
The agricultural enterprises also took the East German path and found new structures after the German reunification. The rural agricultural cooperative Abtei farms the fields. In Pretschwitz, there is an equestrian farm with 40 horses. The Pretschwitz Equestrian Club was founded in 1993 and has a racetrack where tournaments are held.
# Robert Carnwath, Lord Carnwath of Notting Hill

Robert John Anderson Carnwath, Lord Carnwath of Notting Hill, CVO, PC (born 15 March 1945) is a former British Supreme Court judge.
The son of Sir Andrew Carnwath KCVO, Robert Carnwath was educated at Eton College, where he won the Newcastle Scholarship, and Trinity College, Cambridge.
Carnwath was called to the Bar at Middle Temple in 1968. He practised in parliamentary law, planning and local government, revenue law, and administrative law. He held the appointment of junior counsel to the Inland Revenue (Common Law) from 1980 to 1985, succeeded by Alan Moses, later Lord Justice Moses. He became a Queen's Counsel in 1985, and was Attorney General to the Prince of Wales from 1988 to 1994.
He was appointed as a High Court judge on 3 October 1994, assigned to the Chancery Division, and received the customary knighthood. He served as chairman of the Law Commission from 1999 to July 2002. He was promoted to the Court of Appeal on 15 January 2002 and, as is customary, became a member of the Privy Council. He was sworn in as the first Senior President of Tribunals on 12 November 2007.
On 20 December 2011, Carnwath was announced as an appointee to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. By Royal Warrant, all members of the Supreme Court, even if they do not hold a peerage, are entitled to the judicial courtesy title "Lord" for life. Carnwath was granted the judicial courtesy title Lord Carnwath of Notting Hill.
Carnwath is the chairman of the advisory council for the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. He plays the piano and viola, as well as singing in the Bach Choir.
Lord Carnwath is an honorary professor of law at University College London, an Honorary Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and a visiting professor in practice at the Grantham Research Institute at the London School of Economics. He is also currently a Yorke Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the University of Cambridge. Outside the law, he is a keen amateur musician. He is a former governor of the Royal Academy of Music (Hon FRAM) and former chairman of the Britten-Pears Foundation.
# Siad (name)

Siad may refer to the following notable people:

## Given name

* Siad Barre (1919–1995), Somali politician
* Siad Haji (born 1999), Kenyan-born football player

## Surname

* Fatima Siad (born 1986), Ethiopian-Somali fashion model
* Mohamed Siad, multiple people
* Patrick Erouart-Siad (born 1955), French writer
# Robert McMichael

Robert Alliston McMichael CM O.Ont., D.Litt., LL. D (1921 – November 18, 2003) was a Canadian art collector and philanthropist. Together with his wife, he founded the McMichael Canadian Art Collection in Kleinburg.

## Career

McMichael was born in Toronto. He attended Humberside Collegiate Institute and while there, he worked on the school yearbook as a journalist, then as advertising manager. Afterwards, he wrote for neighborhood newspapers, then founded a newspaper for high-school students, then worked as a reporter for the Toronto Star, then for the T. Eaton Co. Ltd. in marketing.
In the Second World War, he served in the Royal Canadian Navy, afterwards becoming a photographer and opening the Robert McMichael Studios. In 1952, he developed the Travel Pak Ltd. besides other "Paks".
In 1954, inspired by Charles Band, McMichael and his wife Signe began collecting Canadian paintings by the Group of Seven and other Canadian artists, such as Tom Thomson.
In 1965, McMichael donated his collection and his house in Kleinburg, northwest of Toronto, with 14 acres of land to the Province of Ontario under the terms of a formal Agreement. The Agreement stated that the Government of Ontario would maintain the Collection and its special character in perpetuity and give the McMichaels lifelong membership on the Collection’s advisory committee, which controlled acquisitions. McMichael soon realized that he was losing control over the art acquisition process. In 1981 he resigned as director and after addressing the government through petitions and private representations, he sued the government in 1996 for breach of contract arguing that the Crown corporation, which managed the Collection, had reneged on the terms of the gift Agreement. The lawsuit culminated in a decision of the trial judge, Justice Peter Grossi of the Ontario Court’s General Division on November 15, 1996, in favour of the McMichaels. The decision, however, was appealed by the government in 1997.
As of 2009, the collection contained some 6,000 Canadian works.
McMichael died on November 18, 2003, of pneumonia following complications from a broken hip.
# Norman Gwatkin

Brigadier Sir Norman Wilmshurst Gwatkin GCVO KCMG DSO (2 August 1899 – 31 July 1971) was a British Army officer and courtier in the Household of Elizabeth II.

## Military career

Gwatkin was the son of Hugh Fortescue Wilmshurst Gwatkin and Vera Philpots. He was educated at Clifton College before attending the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.
He commissioned into the Coldstream Guards in 1918. He subsequently joined the Royal Household. He was invested as a Member of the Royal Victorian Order in 1937, while serving as Assistant Comptroller of the Lord Chamberlain's Office. In 1940 he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. Gwatkin saw active service in the Second World War and in 1944 he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order while commanding the 5th Guards Armoured Brigade in Operation Overlord. He returned to the Royal Household after the war. Between 1950 and 1952 he served as an Extra Equerry to George VI, and held the same role in the household of Elizabeth II until his death in 1971. From 1960 to 1964 he served as Comptroller, and in 1963 he was made Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order. Gwatkin served as Secretary and Registrar of the Order of Merit between 1963 and his death. In 1964 he was made Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George.
In 1957 he married Isolen Mary June Wilson in Aldershot.
While serving in the Lord Chamberlain's Office he was responsible for a report which described the 1962 play, Under Plain Cover, as "effluent".
# Ronald Courthope Bosanquet

His Honour Sir Samuel Ronald Courthope Bosanquet, QC (6 September 1868 – 5 November 1952) was a British barrister who served as an Official Referee of the Supreme Court from 1931 to 1943.
Bosanquet came from an old Huguenot settled in England family which produced many prominent lawyers: his father was Samuel Courthope Bosanquet, sometime High Sheriff of Monmouthshire and chairman of the quarter sessions, while his uncle was Sir Frederick Albert Bosanquet, Common Serjeant of the City of London.
Bosanquet was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took second-class honours in the Law Tripos as well as a LLB, and where he was President of the Cambridge Union in 1891. He read in chambers with A. J. Ram, then was called to the Bar by the Inner Temple in 1893. Joining the Oxford Circuit, he became Recorder of Ludlow in 1919 and Recorder of Walsall in 1928. His practice was predominantly on circuit at quarter sessions, and he took silk in 1924. He was Chancellor of the Diocese of Hereford from 1928. In 1930, he was elected a Bencher of the Inner Temple. He also unsuccessfully stood as Conservative candidate for Stafford in the 1906 general election.
Bosanquet's most famous case was his defence of Major Herbert Rowse Armstrong, the solicitor accused of poisoning his wife, at the Hereford assizes in 1922, at which he was led by Sir Henry Curtis-Bennett. Bosanquet had known Armstrong for many years before, from the Oxford Circuit and having attended Cambridge at the same time.
In 1931, Bosanquet was appointed Official Referee of the Supreme Court, in succession to Sir William Hansell. He was described by The Times as "an excellent Referee, businesslike, courteous, and speedy", whose list of case was always full (the parties having some choice among the Referees). He was also chairman of quarter sessions of Monmouth from 1935 to 1950. He was knighted in 1942 and retired in 1943 upon reaching the age of 75.
Bosanquet was the author of several works, including A Magistrate's Handbook, a book on rating, and a volume of recollections, The Oxford Circuit.
He married in 1911 Mary Acland, eldest daughter of F. H. Anson, and a sister of Mrs Temple, the wife of Archbishop Temple. They had three daughters and a son, who was killed on active service in 1944. A grandson is the scientist Mike Bate.
# Philotarsidae

Philotarsidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The family is closely related to the family Pseudocaeciliidae, both within the infraorder Philotarsetae.
It includes the following genera:
* Aaroniella Mockford, 1951
* Abelopsocus Schmidt & New, 2008
* Garcialdretia Mockford, 2007
* Haplophallus Thornton, 1959
* Nocopsocus Thornton, 1984
* Philotarsopsis Tillyard, 1923
* Philotarsus Kolbe, 1880
* Tarsophilus Mockford & Broadhead, 1982

## Sources

* ↑ Johnson, Kevin P.; Smith, Vincent S. (2021). "Psocodea species file online, Version 5.0". Retrieved 2021-11-05.
* ↑ "Philotarsidae". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
* Lienhard, C. & Smithers, C. N. 2002. Psocoptera (Insecta): World Catalogue and Bibliography. Instrumenta Biodiversitatis, vol. 5. Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève.
vteExtant Psocodea families :
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Subclass: Pterygota
Infraclass: Neoptera
Superorder: Paraneoptera :
Suborder Trogiomorpha :
Suborder Troctomorpha :
Suborder Psocomorpha :
Order Psocodea is comprised of paraphyletic Psocoptera (book lice or bark lice) and monophyletic Phthiraptera (lice), both previously classified as orders. :
* This Psocoptera-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Chactuchac

Chactuchac is the first album by Argentine rock band Los Piojos, released in 1992. The album was recorded and mixed by Los Piojos and Adrián Rivarola between June and August in 1992 at the Del Cielito Records studio. The main idea for the first album was to use everything they had been recording between the years of 1986 and 1992 and what they played live, their best known tracks.
The album was remastered in 2007 in Digipack format with a brand new art. Edited by El Farolito Records.

## Track listing

* "Llevatelo" [Take It Away] (Andrés Ciro Martínez) – 5:35
* "Chac Tu Chac" (Buira, Fernandez, Pablo Guerra, Martínez, Rodriguez) – 3:38
* "Tan Solo" [So Lonely] (Martínez) – 4:00
* "Cancheros" [Arrogants] (Buira, Martínez) – 4:52
* "Los Mocosos" [The Brats] (Guerra, Martínez) – 5:00
* "A Veces" [Sometimes] (Buira, Fernandez, Kupinski, Martínez, Pocho, Rodriguez) – 3:49
* "Blues del traje gris" [Grey Suit Blues] (Martínez, Tian Brass) – 2:55
* "Yira - Yira" (Enrique Santos Discépolo) – 3:01
* "Pega - pega" [Kick Kick] (Guerra, Martínez) – 3:40
* "Siempre bajando" [Always Going Down] (Diego Chavez, Martínez) – 4:47
* "Cruel" [Cruel] (Martínez) – 4:06

## Personnel

* Dani Buira – drums, backing vocals, percussion
* Andrés Ciro Martínez – backing vocals, guitar, harmonica, vocals
* Gustavo Kupinski – lead guitar
* Daniel Fernández – guitar
* Miguel Ángel Rodríguez - bass
# Pretrž

Pretrž (pronounced) is a settlement east of Peče in the Municipality of Moravče in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Name

Pretrž was attested in historical sources as Prieters in 1386, Pretesz in 1458, and Preters in 1469, among other spellings.
# Sir Edward Tierney, 2nd Baronet

Sir Edward Tierney, 2nd Baronet (June 1780 – 11 May 1856) was an Irish lawyer and landowner.

## Early life

Tierney was born in Limerick City, Ireland in June 1780. He was the third son of John Tierney of Ballyscandlend and Mary (née Gleeson) Tierney. His eldest brother, Matthew John Tierney, married Harriet Mary Jones (a daughter of Henry Jones, Esq.), and his second brother, Thomas Tierney, served as paymaster to the 43rd Regiment of Foot. His two surviving sisters were Frances Tierney (wife of Matthew McMahon of Limerick) and Sarah Tierney (wife of Henry Bowles of Limerick).
His maternal grandfather was James Gleeson of Rathkennan, County Limerick.

## Career

Tierney apprenticed with a solicitor in Limerick before being admitted to King's Inns in 1798 and being called to the bar in c. 1806. Eventually he served as one of the Crown Solicitor for Ireland for the North-West Circuit, and served as agent and legal adviser to Henry Perceval, 5th Earl of Egmont. Through his wife's inheritance, he received £6,459 in compensation during the abolition of slavery, for 357 slaves on St Kitts.
In 1845, he succeeded to the Tierney baronetcy, of Brighthelmstone and of Dover Street, which had been created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 5 May 1834 for his elder brother, Matthew John Tierney, Physician-in-Ordinary to George III and George IV. The baronetcy was created with remainder, in default of male issue of his brother, to his Edward, then crown solicitor for Ireland, and the heirs male of his body. His elder brother's 1818 creation became extinct on his death in 1845 while Edward succeeded in the 1834 creation.

## Personal life

In April 1812, Tierney was married to Anna Maria Jones at St George's, Hanover Square. The youngest daughter of Henry Jones, Esq. of Bloomsbury Square, London, her elder sister, Harriet, was married to Edward's brother, Matthew. Their only surviving brother, the Rev. Inigo William Jones, owned Albrighton Hall, Shrewsbury. Together, they lived at Fitzwilliam Street in Dublin, and were the parents of:
* John Perceval Tierney (1813–1817), who died young.
* Harriet Mary Tierney (1816–1873), who married the Rev. Sir William Darell, 4th Baronet, grandson of Sir Lionel Darell, 1st Baronet, in 1843.
* Sir Matthew Edward Tierney, 3rd Baronet (1818–1860), who married Mary Spurgeon, a daughter of Farrer Grove Spurgeon-Farrer of Brayfield House, Cold Brayfield, and Mary Leslie Anstruther, in 1855.
Sir Edward died on 11 May 1856 in Dublin, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest surviving son, Matthew. Upon his death, he the Egmont estates to his son-in-law, the Rev. Sir William Darell, 4th Baronet.