OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chopin's compositions for piano and orchestra

Frédéric Chopin's compositions for piano and orchestra originated from the late 1820s to the early 1830s, and comprise three concert pieces he composed 1827–1828, while a student at the Central School of Music [pl] in Warsaw, two piano concertos, completed and premièred between finishing his studies (mid 1829) and leaving Poland (late 1830), and later drafts, resulting in two more published works. Among these, and the other works in the brilliant style which Chopin composed in this period, the concertos are the most accomplished ones.

## Context

Together with a number of rondos (Opp. 1, 5, 16 and 73), the Polonaise brillante (Op. 3) and the Variations on "Der Schweizerbub", Chopin's compositions for piano and orchestra belong to a group of compositions in brilliant style, no longer confined by the tenets of the Classical period, which were written for the concert stage in the late 1820s to early 1830s. Other compositions of the same period, such as the Sonata (Op. 4) and the Trio (Op. 8), kept closer to a classical approach, or had a more limited scope, for example the Nocturnes (Op. 9), and were rather intended for private performance.
The circumstances in which Chopin composed and premièred his works for piano and orchestra before leaving Poland in late 1830 are to a large extent documented in his letters to Tytus Woyciechowski.

### Student years and first visit to Vienna

In September 1828, while a student of Józef Elsner at Warsaw's Central School of Music, Chopin visited Berlin. Chopin graduated in July 1829. The next month, he visited Vienna, where he successfully presented the Variations on "Là ci darem la mano" and the Rondo à la Krakowiak in concert.

### Piano concertos

Chopin premièred his F minor and E minor piano concertos in Warsaw in 1830.

### Leaving Poland

Chopin left Poland on 2 November 1830, travelling to Vienna.

## Compositions

Chronologically:
* Variations on "Là ci darem la mano" in B♭ major (1827), Op. 2.
* Fantasy on Polish Airs, in A major (1828), Op. 13.
* Rondo à la Krakowiak, in F major (1828), Op. 14.
* Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor (1829–1830), Op. 21.
* Piano Concerto No. 1 in E minor (1830), Op. 11.
* Grande polonaise brillante (1830–1831), in 1834 expanded with an introductory Andante spianato for solo piano, and a fanfare-like transition to the earlier composition, together published as Op. 22.
* Drafts for more concertos, ultimately resulting in the Allegro de Concert for solo piano (1832–41), Op. 46.

## Reception

Contemporary press reported on Chopin's concert performances, in Vienna and Warsaw, of his works for piano and orchestra.
# Step by Wicked Step

Step By Wicked Step is a children's novel by Anne Fine, first published in 1995. In the novel five unrelated children talk about their difficulties with their parents' being separated and with their stepfamilies. The title makes reference to the fictional tradition of the wicked stepmother.

## Plot summary

Five children on a school trip stay overnight in Old Harwick Hall, a reputedly haunted house. They find the dusty diary of a boy called Richard Clayton Harwick and read that after Richard ran away to sea to escape his stepfather, he returned to an empty house. His mother had died of grief while his sister had also died in childbirth. This sparks a discussion of Richard's actions between the children. The discussion leads to each of them divulging their own family problems.
Claudia reveals that her parents had divorced after several fights. The 'scarlet woman', a pleasant woman named Stella, tries but fails to win Claudia's approval. However, after a dinner party with her father's friends who also ignore Stella, Claudia attempts to get attention by wearing beautiful green pyjamas bought by Stella in front of the guests, shocking them into politeness.
Colin reveals that his 'Dad' (who was his mother's partner but not his biological father) was left behind by his mother after they had absconded one day. While his mother was frustrated with Jack (Dad)'s unemployed state, Colin, who loved him very much, attempted to keep in contact with Jack. Failing to do so, he plans to find him in the future.
Pixie recounts her parents' separation and her father's second marriage. She dislikes both her stepsisters. In a quarrel with her stepmother Lucy, Pixie unburdened herself of her grievances. Lucy aired her frustrations as well, and they made up.
Ralph entertains the children with a comical description of his extended step-family, spanning two previous stepmothers and their children, one stepfather and one future stepmother, whom he is infatuated with.
Robbo's story is about his stepfather, The Beard, and his sister Callie, who cannot get along. This had caused much trouble for the family especially after the birth of stepbrother Dumpa. Callie finally moved in with her father instead.
Before going to bed, the other children secretly place a broken wooden cow made by Richard Harwick into Colin's bag, as a reminder to him to make the best of what he faces.
# Ernie Hayes

Ernest George Hayes MBE (6 November 1876 – 2 December 1953) was an English first-class cricketer who played for Surrey, Leicestershire and England.
Ernie Hayes was a right-handed batsman, usually batting at No 3 and strong at driving and pulling, a leg-break bowler and a fine slip fielder. He was a regular in the Surrey side for 15 years up to the First World War, scoring 1,000 runs and more in every season from 1899 to 1914. His best year was 1906 when he scored 2,309 runs at an average of more than 45 runs an innings, and he was named as a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1907. His highest score, 276, was made against Hampshire in 1909 at The Oval, when he shared a second wicket partnership of 371 with Jack Hobbs that remains a Surrey record.
Hayes' bowling was intermittently useful: in 1905, he took 76 wickets, and in 1912 there were 60, but in other seasons he took very few and was expensive. As a slip fielder, he took more than 600 catches in all matches.
Hayes' Test match career was not a success. He went to South African under Pelham Warner in 1905–06 and played in three of the Tests in the first series ever won against England by the South African cricket team. He scored just 69 runs, with a top score of 35. He also went on the 1907–08 tour to Australia, but his form was so poor that he was not picked for any of the Tests. In 1909, he played once in a home Test against the Australians, but though the match was won, he scored only 13 runs in his two innings. Finally, he was recalled for one match against South Africa in the 1912 Triangular Tournament, and scored just four runs.
After distinguished war service that won him the MBE, Hayes returned to Surrey as an amateur in 1919, but retired after just one season. He was afflicted with a contracture of the fingers of the right hand that made holding a bat difficult: this was attributed to years of fielding at slip to the stinging pace of Tom Richardson and William Lockwood. He moved to Leicestershire as coach and Second Eleven captain, and was so successful that, in 1926, at the age of 49, he was picked for five first-team matches, scoring 99 against Nottinghamshire in his first game and heading the county's averages.
In all cricket, he scored 27,318 runs with 48 centuries, and took 515 wickets.
He was later coach at Surrey. In 1933 he retired to run a pub, the Paxton Arms in West Norwood, being its landlord for 20 years.
# Mary Stallcup

Mary Stallcup (June 21, 1954 – May 17, 1997) was a lawyer who served as Acting Attorney General of Arkansas from December 1990 to January 1991. She was the first woman to hold the office. She was a Democrat. She was appointed by Arkansas governor Bill Clinton and succeeded Ron Fields after his resignation. She was succeeded by Winston Bryant, who won election to the office, January 15, 1991. She was born in Omaha, Nebraska.
# Rodrigo Crespo

Rodrigo Crespo (born 18 June 1979) is an Argentinian musician, producer, songwriter and performer based in Los Angeles. He began working as a producer at a young age in the city of Buenos Aires. He worked closely with the Music Brokers record label and produced the Bossa N' Stones compilation, an album of The Rolling Stones remakes in Bossa Nova style, that went on to sell over 1 million copies in over 35 territories. After the success of Bossa N' Stones, Rodrigo Crespo produced and arranged the Bossa N' Marley compilation. He is the lead singer of the electro-rock band in Sonic Lights, currently working on their debut album.

## Career

In 2019, Rodrigo was nominated for a Latin Grammy Award at the 20th Annual Latin Grammy Awards in the category of Best Rock Song for his song Conectar from his debut solo album Careta. In 2010, Rodrigo Crespo worked alongside Colombian singer Shakira for whom he produced remixes of the songs Sale El Sol and Loca from Shakira's 9th studio album Sale El Sol. Prior to that, Rodrigo Crespo worked on a remix of the song Timor from her album Oral Fixation, Vol. 2.
In 2012, Crespo produced and co-wrote the album TOGETHER for British/Portuguese singer and performer Ana Free. The album was recorded in Buenos Aires, London and Lisbon. Rodrigo Crespo was the Musical Director for the tour dates Ana Free played in Singapore at The Hard Rock Hotel in May 2012 for both live shows and MTV Asia
In 2009 Rodrigo Crespo produced the record Altavoz for Argentinian pop artist Daniela Herrero who won the prestigious Premios Carlos Gardel award for Best Female Album in 2004.

## Discography
### Singles

* "Sale El Sol" (2012) Shakira
* "Loca" (2012) Shakira
* "Timor" (2005) Shakira
* "Cheek To Cheek" (2004) Louis Armstrong
# Robert de Nesle

Robert de Nesle (1906–1978) was a French film producer. He controlled the production company Comptoir Français de Productions Cinématographiques (CFPC).

## Selected filmography

* The Nude Dancer (1952)
* Sins of Paris (1953)
* Soyez les bienvenus (1953)
* After You Duchess (1954)
* The Count of Bragelonne (1954)
* Women's Prison (1958)
* Judex (1963)
* The Exterminators (1965)
* Trap for the Assassin (1966)
* Mexican Slayride (1967)
* Coplan Saves His Skin (1968)
# Rozdilsky

Rozdilsky is a surname. People with this name include:
* Andy the Clown (real name Andrew Rozdilsky; 1917–1995), American clown
* TJR (DJ) (real name Thomas Rozdilsky; born 1983), American DJ and music producer
# Garbage Day

Garbage Day may refer to:
* An internet meme derived from a scene from the movie Silent Night, Deadly Night Part 2 (1987)
* Garbage Day, a 2002 short work of fiction by Wil McCarthy
* "Garbage Day #3", a 2001 song by hip hop trio KMD from Black Bastards
# Chloroacetaldehyde

Chloroacetaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula ClCH$_2$CHO. Like some related compounds, it is highly electrophilic reagent and a potentially dangerous alkylating agent. The compound is not normally encountered in the anhydrous form, but rather as the hemiacetal (ClCH$_2$CH(OH))$_2$O.
Chloroacetaldehyde is a metabolite of the antineoplastic ifosfamide and believed to be responsible for some of the toxicity observed with ifosfamide.

## Synthesis and occurrence

Hydrated chloroacetaldehyde is produced by the chlorination of aqueous vinyl chloride:
    ClCH=CH$_2$ + Cl$_2$ + H$_2$O → ClCH$_2$CHO + 2 HCl
It can also be prepared from vinyl acetate or by careful chlorination of acetaldehyde. The related bromoacetaldehyde is prepared via bromination of vinyl acetate. It also rapidly forms an acetals in the presence of alcohols.
Water free chloroacetaldehyde is prepared from the hydrate by azeotropic distillation with chloroform, toluene, or carbon tetrachloride. Anhydrous chloroacetaldehyde reversibly converts to polyacetals. Less reactive chloroacetaldehyde derivatives might be used instead to obtain chloroacetaldehyde or bypass its intermediate formation completely: e.g. chloroacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal (2-chloro-1,1-dimethoxyethane) hydrolyzes in acidic conditions to give chloroacetaldehyde, which may then quickly react with the other reagents instead of polymerizing.
Relevant to its occurrence in humans, it arises via the isomerization of chloroethylene oxide, a metabolite of vinyl chloride.

## Reactions

Chloroacetaldehyde readily hydrates:
Being bifunctional, chloroacetaldehyde is a precursor to many heterocyclic compounds. It condenses with thiourea derivatives to give aminothiazoles. This reaction was once used in the preparation of sulfathiazole, one of the first sulfa drugs. Chloroacetaldehyde is a building block in the synthesis of the pharmaceuticals altizide, polythiazide, brotizolam, and ciclotizolam. Chloroacetaldehyde is an alkylating agent. It reacts with adenosine and cytidine to give cyclic products containing a fused imidazole group. This reaction is related to the possible mutagenic properties of chloroacetaldehyde.

## Environmental aspects

Chloroacetaldehyde is a metabolite in the degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane, which initially converts to chloroethanol. This metabolic pathway is topical because 1,2-dichloroethane is produced on a large scale as a precursor to vinyl chloride.

## Safety

Chloroacetaldehyde is corrosive to mucous membranes. It irritates eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
Based on data collected from human studies in 1962, exposures to 45 ppm of chloroacetaldehyde were found to be disagreeable and caused conjunctival irritation to the subjects. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration established a permissible exposure limit at a ceiling of 1 ppm (3 mg/m$^3$) for exposures to chloroacetaldehyde.
# Kaluđerce

Kaluđerce is a village in the municipality of Leskovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 206 people.
# Erecek

Erecek can refer to:
* Erecek, Ayvacık
* Erecek, Refahiye
# Playin' with Your Head

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Playin' with Your Head is the 11th album and fifth HBO special by American comedian George Carlin.

## Background

The album was recorded May 2–3, 1986, at the Beverly Theater in Los Angeles, and was released on July 30, 1986, on the Eardrum/Atlantic label. It was Carlin's fifth HBO stand-up concert special. In the HBO airing there is a short skit before and after the show in which he flees from three men seeking an envelope in his possession before going on stage. The identities of his pursuers are unknown—the credits before the skit merely dubs them "The Bad Guys"—but are played by Vic Tayback (of Alice fame), Rick Ducommun, and Anthony James. Carlin tears the envelope up after the performance, never revealing its contents or why his pursuers wanted it. At the end of the closing credits, the envelope is seen back on the table.
# Pupendo

Pupendo is a 2003 Czech comedy drama film directed by Jan Hřebejk

## Plot

Pupendo shows the difficulty of life in Czechoslovakia during the 1980s. Artist Bedřich Mára (Bolek Polivka) is unable to find much secure work due to his public antagonism toward the ruling Communist Party. He has a wife and two children. Life begins to change when art historian Alois Fábera (Jiři Pecha) begins working on a piece about Bedřich, leading to a job offer from a Party official. Things are looking up, until the wrong people hear portions of the historian's writing.

## Cast

* Bolek Polívka - Bedrich Mára
* Eva Holubová - Alena Márová
* Jaroslav Dušek - Míla Brecka
* Jiří Pecha - Alois Fábera
* Vilma Cibulková - Magda Brecková
* Lukáš Baborský - Matěj Mára
# String Quintet No. 1 (Brahms)

Johannes Brahms' String Quintet No. 1 in F major, Op. 88, was composed in 1882 in the spa town of Bad Ischl, Upper Austria, and published by the firm of Fritz Simrock. It was first performed at a chamber music evening in Frankfurt on 29 December 1882.
It is a "viola quintet" in that it is scored for string quartet with a second viola. Brahms composed the work in three movements:
* Allegro non troppo ma con brio
    In sonata form. The first subject group is in F major, while the second is in A major, the first of the "pervasive mediant relationships" in this work.
* Grave ed appassionato – Allegretto vivace – Tempo I – Presto – Tempo I
    In double variation form. The first theme is based on a sarabande Brahms wrote in 1854, while the second theme is based on a gavotte that he wrote in the same year. The movement starts in C♯ major, and ends in A major, another mediant relationship.
* Allegro energico – Presto
    In a fusion of sonata and contrapuntal forms. The final key of the previous movement, A major, and the key of this movement, F major, represent another mediant relationship.
Brahms described the quintet to his friend Clara Schumann as "one of [his] finest works" and told Simrock, "You have never before had such a beautiful work from me."
# Royce Consultancy

The Royce Consultancy the UK's leading privately held pharmaceutical sales representative recruitment and contract sales organisation (CSO).
Royce was founded in 1983 and is the largest healthcare and pharmaceutical recruitment company in the UK. Their services range from medical representatives to NHS management roles and from nurse advisor to healthcare sales positions. In August 1998 Royce was acquired by Quintiles but continues to operate under the Royce brand alongside Quintiles’ brand name of Innovex. They are an important brand within the UK as they are winners of the Pharmatimes "Recruiter of the Year" 2008 award which is significant as PharaTimes are a recognised and established independent publication for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and healthcare industries within the UK.
In recent years, portfolios have shifted from the primary care sector to specialist-driven markets such as oncology. More than 40% of all UK hospital representative positions are now filled by Innovex/Royce. They have built more than 22 secondary or specialist teams in the UK.
# Gary Hudson

Gary Hudson may refer to:
* Gary Hudson (engineer), American aerospace engineer
* Gary Hudson (actor) (born 1956), American actor
* Gary Hudson (basketball) (1949–2009), American basketball coach
# Olukyanı, Zonguldak

Olukyanı is a village in Zonguldak District, Zonguldak Province, Turkey. Its population is 188 (2022).
# Preignac station

Preignac is a railway station in Preignac, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Bordeaux–Sète railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

## Train services

The following services currently call at Preignac:
* local service (TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine) Bordeaux - Langon
| Preceding station | TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine | TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine | TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine | Following station |
| Barsactowards Bordeaux | | 43.2U | | LangonTerminus |
# Playing (album)

Playing is a live album by American jazz quartet Old and New Dreams recorded at the Cornmarket Theater in Austria and released on ECM the following year. The quartet consists brass section Don Cherry and Dewey Redman and rhythm section Charlie Haden and Ed Blackwell.

## Reception

Regarding the album's opener, JazzTimes' critic Ethan Iverson commented: "You could almost call this outstanding performance a jam session. The harmonic matrix between Redman and Haden is thrilling; they’re making up changes and patterns together. Cherry is also in prime form. During each horn solo, Blackwell and Haden go into halftime. In response, Redman gives us pure diatonic melody, while Cherry deals out the blues. The bass solo is fabulous; the collective improvisation after is joyous; Blackwell gets a proper say as well. If I had to choose one Old and New Dreams track, I'd select 'Happy House.'"
AllMusic awarded the album 3 stars with reviewer Scott Yanow calling it "Recommended, as are Old and New Dreams' other three releases."
Writing for ECM blog Between Space and Time, Reviewer Tyran Grillo called the album a "fantastic set" that is "the place to start for anyone wanting a glimpse into the attic of Old And New Dreams." He wrote: "Considering the heft of talents assembled here, the results are weightlessly executed. This shows not weakness or lack of fortitude, but the maturity everyone brings to the sonic table. This is a solid date from musicians who know the business inside and out, and then some. About as good as it gets."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |

## Track listing

* "Happy House" (Ornette Coleman) - 11:07
* "Mopti" (Don Cherry) - 7:56
* "New Dream" (Coleman) - 9:04
* "Rushour" (Dewey Redman) - 7:01
* "Broken Shadows" (Coleman) - 9:58
* "Playing" (Charlie Haden) - 9:46

## Personnel
### Old and New Dreams

* Don Cherry – pocket trumpet, piano
* Dewey Redman – tenor saxophone, musette
* Charlie Haden – bass
* Ed Blackwell – drums
# Mary Pugh

Mary Claire Pugh is an applied mathematician known for her research on thin films, including the thin-film equation and Hele-Shaw flow. She is a professor of mathematics at the University of Toronto.
Pugh completed her Ph.D. in 1993 at the University of Chicago. Her dissertation, Dynamics of Interfaces of Incompressible Fluids: The Hele-Shaw Problem, was supervised by Peter Constantin [de]. Before moving to Toronto, she worked at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University and then as a faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania, where she won a Sloan Research Fellowship in 1999.
# Puperita bensoni

Puperita bensoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off the Mascarene Basin.
# String Quintet No. 1

String Quintet No. 1 may refer to:
* String Quintet No. 1 (Brahms)
* String Quintet No. 1 (Dvořák)
* String Quintet No. 1 (Mendelssohn)
* String Quintet No. 1 (Mozart)
# Chris Bentley

Chris Bentley may refer to:
* Chris Bentley (rugby union) (born 1987), English rugby union player
* Chris Bentley (politician) (born c. 1956), Canadian politician
# Kanneljärvi

Kanneljärvi may refer to:
* Pobeda, Leningrad Oblast (named Kanneljärvi before 1948)
* Kanneljärvi village, known as Uusikirkko before 1925
# Dave Adams (naval officer)

Dave Adams is an officer in the United States Navy. Adams commanded the USS Santa Fe (SSN-763), a nuclear submarine, in 2009. Previously he was in charge of the Khost Provincial Reconstruction Team in Afghanistan.
The Wall Street Journal published an op-ed coauthored by Adams, where he advanced the position that Afghanistan did not need more American troops.
Adams enlisted in the Navy in 1985. Adams earned a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin in 1990, while he was an enlisted rating. After completing his degree, Adams was commissioned and began serving in nuclear submarines. He was promoted to the rank of captain (O-6) in 2012.
He was relieved of his command in January 2016 as the result of an accident in which his sub, the USS Georgia, struck a buoy and ran aground.

## Service in Afghanistan

While Adams served in Afghanistan he oversaw the construction of multiple public works, including dams and bridges.