OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gang of Four (SDP)

In UK politics, the Gang of Four was a breakaway group of four Labour politicians who founded the Social Democratic Party in 1981, including two sitting Labour MPs and a former deputy leader of the party.
The term Gang of Four is a reference to the political faction of four Chinese Communist Party officials who came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) and were accused of attempting to seize power following the death of Mao Zedong.

## History

Bill Rodgers, Shirley Williams, Roy Jenkins and David Owen proposed a group called the Council for Social Democracy, which ended up becoming the Social Democratic Party. Their first public move was the Limehouse Declaration, named after the house in Limehouse where David Owen lived, and where the group met.
The Gang of Four were followed by a score of other Labour MPs.

## The Gang of Four

| Name (Birth–death) | Constituency | Previous office(s) |
| Roy Jenkins (1920–2003) | Glasgow Hillhead from 1982 | Deputy Leader of the Labour Party (1970–1972) Chancellor of the Exchequer (1967–1970) Home Secretary (1965–1967, 1974–1976) Minister of Aviation (1964–1965) |
| David Owen (born 1938) | Plymouth Devonport | Foreign Secretary (1977–1979) Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (1976–1977) Minister of State for Health and Social Security (1974–1976) Under-Secretary of State for the Navy (1968–1970) |
| Bill Rodgers (born 1928) | Stockton-on-Tees | Transport Secretary (1976–1979) Minister of State for Defence (1974–1976) Minister of State for the Treasury (1969–1970) Minister of State for Trade (1968–1969) Under-Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (1964–1967) Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1967–1968) |
| Shirley Williams (1930–2021) | Crosby from November 1981 | Education Secretary and Paymaster General (1976–1979) Prices and Consumer Secretary (1974–1976) Minister of State of Home Affairs (1969–1970) Minister of State for Education and Science (1967–1969) Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Housing and Local Government (1966–1967) |

## Views and legacy

In March 2017, the three then-living members of the SDP Gang of Four all said Jeremy Corbyn should step down as leader before the next general election originally scheduled for 2020 under the Fixed-term Parliaments Act. In the 2017 general election, Labour under Corbyn again finished as the second-largest party in parliament, but the party increased their share of the popular vote to 40%, resulting in a net gain of 30 seats and a hung parliament.
In 2019, The Independent Group were described as similar to the Gang of Four, which was backed by Bill Rodgers.
# George Bayliss Lothian

George Bayliss Lothian (20 November 1909 – 13 February 2000) was a Canadian aviator. He was one of the first pilots of Trans-Canada Air Lines in 1937, which later became Air Canada.

## Biography

Lothian was born in Vancouver, British Columbia.
He was the first Canadian pilot to log 100 aircraft crossings of the North Atlantic and set the transatlantic crossing speed record three times. When he retired from Air Canada in 1968 he had logged over 21,000 as pilot in command of many different piston and jet transport aircraft. He reluctantly gave flight instruction in the Vickers Viscount turboprop airliner to Howard Hughes and did not appreciate either his personal hygiene or his attitude.
Lothian was awarded the Yukon Territory Order of Polaris and was inducted in the Canadian Aviation Hall of Fame in 1973.
# Private Account

Private Account (April 26, 1976 – November 25, 2004) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse.

## Background

Private Account was sired by Hall of Fame inductee Damascus, a son of another Hall of Fame horse, Sword Dancer. His dam was Numbered Account, the 1971 American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly and a daughter of yet another Hall of Fame inductee, Buckpasser. Private Account is a half-brother to Dance Number.

## Racing career

Private Account's wins included the Grades 1 Gulfstream Park and Widener Handicaps under jockey Jeffrey Fell.

## Stud record

Private Account was an outstanding sire whose progeny counts six millionaires including two Hall of Fame fillies, Personal Ensign and Inside Information.
Pedigree of Private Account :
| Sire Damascus | Sword Dancer | Sunglow | Sun Again |
| Sire Damascus | Sword Dancer | Sunglow | Rosern |
| Sire Damascus | Sword Dancer | Highland Fling | By Jimminy |
| Sire Damascus | Sword Dancer | Highland Fling | Swing Time |
| Sire Damascus | Kerala | My Babu | Djebel |
| Sire Damascus | Kerala | My Babu | Perfume |
| Sire Damascus | Kerala | Blade of Time | Sickle |
| Sire Damascus | Kerala | Blade of Time | Bar Nothing |
| Dam Numbered Account | Buckpasser | Tom Fool | Menow |
| Dam Numbered Account | Buckpasser | Tom Fool | Gaga |
| Dam Numbered Account | Buckpasser | Busanda | War Admiral |
| Dam Numbered Account | Buckpasser | Busanda | Businesslike |
| Dam Numbered Account | Intriguing | Swaps | Khaled |
| Dam Numbered Account | Intriguing | Swaps | Iron Reward |
| Dam Numbered Account | Intriguing | Glamour | Nasrullah |
| Dam Numbered Account | Intriguing | Glamour | Striking |
# Skålebrehalsen Terrace

Skålebrehalsen Terrace (72°16′S 4°10′E﻿ / ﻿72.267°S 4.167°E﻿ / -72.267; 4.167) is a high ice-covered terrace at the south side of Skålebreen, in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (1956–60) and named Skålebrehalsen.
# Fruitvale, Idaho

Fruitvale is an unincorporated community in Adams County in the U.S. state of Idaho. The community is located 5 mi (8.0 km) north of Council.

## History

Fruitvale's population was estimated at 100 in 1960.
# St. Leon, British Columbia

St. Leon, formerly known as Leon and also known as St. Leon Hot Springs because of an active mineral spring located nearby, is an unincorporated settlement and former hot springs resort and steamboat landing on the east side of Upper Arrow Lake in the Kootenay Country of British Columbia, Canada, located at the mouth of St. Leon Creek, between Nakusp (S) and Halcyon Hot Springs (N) (another spa/resort). The name of nearby Mount St. Leon is derived from that of the springs and settlement.

## Name origin

According to one entry in the British Columbia Geographical Names Information System, the name is thought to have been conferred by an early hunter and trapper in the area, who had relatives in "St. Pol de Leon" (actually Saint-Pol-de-Léon), Finistère, France, but another account says it was named for one of the many places named St. Leon in Quebec which also had a mineral spring.

## History

The springs were first discovered and land in the area claimed by Michael M. Grady of Revelstoke in 1894 who built a small hotel, then rebuilt it in 1901 and again in 1906 (Grady Lake and Mount Grady in the same area are named for M.M. Grady). The resort was popular throughout the Kootenays and thrived from being a port-of-call on the Arrow Lakes steamboat route, which connected with railway lines at Castlegar and Revelstoke.
Due to the economic downturn in the first year of World War I, Grady closed the hotel and disconnected its supply of hot water from the springs. Citizens of Revelstoke appealed to him to create a townsite out of his original alienation of 320 acres (1.3 km$^2$) so they could build campsites and cottages for their own private use, which he did in 1918, with 10 cottages being erected soon after.
The settlement was inundated, and its name rescinded, following the raising of the level of the Arrow Lakes by the Keenlyside Dam at Castlegar.
# Charles Arundel Moody

Charles Arundel Murcott "Joe" Moody, OBE (15 April 1917, London – 11 January 2009, West Palm Beach, Florida) was a Black British soldier who was the first commanding officer (Lt. Col.) of the 3rd Battalion Regiment of the Jamaica Regiment.

## Early life and education

Charles Arundel Moody was born in London, England, the son of Harold Moody and his wife Olive. Harold was a medical doctor and the political activist who founded the League of Coloured Peoples (LCP). Charles attended Alleyn's School, the all-boys independent school in Dulwich, London.

## Military career

Moody was 22 when the Second World War started in 1939. Under the impression he was eligible to become an officer in the British Army, he went to Whitehall for an interview, where he was dismayed to learn that only those of pure European descent could be commissioned as officers. However, his father mobilised the League of Coloured Peoples, the International African Service Bureau and the West African Students Union to campaign against this colour bar.
Having attended an Officer Cadet Training Unit, Moody was commissioned in the Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment (RWK), British Army, on 20 April 1940 as a second lieutenant. On 1 August 1942, he transferred to the Royal Artillery with the war substantive rank of lieutenant. He returned to the RWK on 31 October 1944. By the end of the war, he held the war substantive rank of captain.
On 1 January 1949, he transferred to the Regular Army Reserve of Officers with the rank of captain and was also granted the honorary rank of major; this ended his full-time service in the British Army and was the beginning of a period of call-up liability. On 15 April 1967, he relinquished his commission having attained the age limit for officers and was allowed to retain the honorary rank of major.

## Later life

After the end of the Second World War, Moody moved to Jamaica where he worked for Jamaica Public Service (JPS) and became a justice of the peace. He also continued his military service in the Jamaican reserves. In the 1965 New Year Honours, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE), in recognition of his service as commanding officer of the 3rd Battalion, The Jamaica Regiment (National Reserve). He was a Freemason, and rose to become District Grand Senior Warden of the District Grand Lodge of Jamaica. He retired from JPS in 1975, having risen to become a deputy managing director.
In 1977, Moody moved to the United States with his family. They settled in Syracuse, New York, where he worked for Syracuse Housing Authority. He was active in his local United Methodist Church. He continued his involvement in Freemasonry in the United States. In addition to Syracuse, he lived in Rochester, Michigan, Tonawanda, New York, before finally moving to West Palm Beach, Florida.
# Emily Pulley

Emily Ann Pulley (born 14 April 1967) is an American opera soprano. As of 2010, she had performed in more than 150 operas.

## Education

Pulley earned a Bachelor of Music degree, summa cum laude from West Texas A&M University in 1989 and a Master of Music degree in voice (with a focus on opera performance), in 1995, from the University of North Texas, where she studied with Pattye Johnstone. At West Texas A&M, Pulley had been a student of Elsie "Elsa" Ruth Porter (1920–2006).

## Selected productions

* Peter Grimes (1995) Metropolitan Opera
* La Fanciulla del West Glimmerglass Opera Title role
* The End of the Affair Lyric Opera of Kansas City Pulley as Sarah Miles
* 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, (2008) Robert Bass, conductor Pulley was a soloist
* The Turn of the Screw (2010) Pulley as The Governess
* Three Decembers (2010) Central City Opera Pulley as Beatrice

## Selected discography, filmography, and videography

Live performances of the Metropolitan Opera
* Faust CD OCLC 55806273
    March 29, 2003
    Pulley as Marguerite
* The Merry Widow CD OCLC 79051606
    January 27, 2004
    Emily Pulley as Valencienne
* The Magic Flute CD OCLC 79308267
    April 16, 2005
    Pulley as the First lady

## Awards

* 2006 — Christopher Keene Award, New York City Opera, for a performance in new or unusual repertoire
# Ranjeev Deol

Ranjeev Deol (born October 19, 1976, in Lusaka, Zambia) is a Canadian field hockey player, who plays for West Coast Kings HC.

## Career

He played club hockey in the Netherlands since 2003, first at HC Rotterdam then HC MOP and later on with HC Den Bosch and in Australia (Woodville HC). After his international career Ranjeev came back to The Netherlands and returned to HC MOP. After 2 seasons he left MOP and now he is playing for MHC MEP.

## International career

Deol played in the 2008 Olympic Games (Beijing) and 2010 Hockey World Cup (Delhi) and played his first international senior tournament for the Men's National Team in 1998, at the Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur.
In 2000 Deol missed the Summer Olympics in Sydney, where the Canadians finished tenth.

## Personal life

His father Surjeet Singh Deol competed in field hockey for Kenya at two Olympic Games: 1956, 1960.

## International senior competitions

* 1998 — Commonwealth Games, Kuala Lumpur (not ranked)
* 2001 — World Cup Qualifier, Edinburgh (8th)
* 2002 — Commonwealth Games, Manchester (6th)
* 2003 — Pan American Games, Santo Domingo (2nd)
* 2004 — Olympic Qualifying Tournament, Madrid (11th)
* 2004 — Pan Am Cup, London (2nd)
* 2007 — Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, Malaysia
* 2007 — Pan American Games, Rio de Janeiro Brazil (1st)
* 2008- Sultan Azlan Shah Cup, Malaysia
* 2008 — Olympic Games, Beijing (10th)
* 2009 — Pan American Cup, Santiago Chile (1st)
* 2009- Champions Challenge, Salta Argentina
* 2010- Hockey World Cup, New Delhi India (11th)
# Galactic lens

A Galactic lens is a component of a galaxy. It presents an almost uniform distribution of surface brightness.

## Shape

This aspect can be noticeable in the region between the bulge and the disk. The bulge is a tightly packed groups of stars within a larger formation, and a disk is a component of disk galaxies consisting of gas and stars. Most likely, these structures arise from the "blurring" of the bars.
The lens in the structure of galaxies is an elliptical-shaped component with a nearly uniform distribution of surface brightness and sharp boundaries, whose contribution can be seen in the region between the bulge and the disk, and sometimes in other regions as well.
The lenses are triaxial ellipsoids: in the direction perpendicular to the galactic plane, they are flattened, but not as much as disks, and in the projection on the disk plane, the ratio of major and minor axes is on average 0.9.
Lenses are closely connected with bars and are often found in galaxies with bars - in 54% of SB0-SBa galaxies and in 76% of SBab-SBc galaxies. In those cases when a galaxy contains both a bar and a lens, their sizes most often coincide.

## Formation

Lenses most likely arise from bars, although some types of lens cannot be explained by this. Two mechanisms are known that can lead to lens formation. Over time the bar may become more axisymmetric. Not necessarily immediately is all the bar's matter redistributed in this way, as observed galaxies often have both a bar and a lens. The second is that lenses, like bars, arise in the presence of bar-forming instability.
Lenses have been known since at least 1959, first discovered by Gérard de Vaucouleurs, in which he proposed a scheme for classifying galaxies.
# Margarita F.C.

Margarita Fútbol Club is a Venezuelan football team based in Pampatar, Nueva Esparta. Margarita currently play in the Venezuelan Segunda División, the second division in Venezuelan football. The club was founded in 2011, and plays their home games at Estadio Ciudad, a 4,500 seat stadium in Pampatar.

## History

Margarita was founded as an initiative of current club president, Leonel Cannelloni. Cannelloni founded the club in 2011.

## Crest

The club's crest co consists of two quarters: a background of golden rays alternated by contrasts with the initials of the club. The lower half is presented in half-contrasting vertical blue. The low half contains a wreath which is dedicated the Virgen del Valle. The three stars symbolize the three islands that make up the state of Nueva Esparta ( Margarita, Coche and Cubagua ) .
# River Ranch, Queensland

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
River Ranch is a rural locality in the Gladstone Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, River Ranch had a population of 269 people.

## Geography

The Calliope River forms part of the western boundary before flowing through to form part of the eastern boundary. Calliope Crossing is a ford over the river (23°57′39″S 151°09′18″E﻿ / ﻿23.96083°S 151.15500°E﻿ / -23.96083; 151.15500﻿ (Calliope Crossing)).
The Bruce Highway passes through the north of the locality.

## History

In 1930, a bridge was built at the Calliope Crossing over the Calliope River to replace the dangerous stone causeway which was under the water and was slimy and dangerous. When the weather was bad, the causeway could not be used, necessitating a 20-mile (32 km) deviation to avoid it. The bridge carried the Bruce Highway until it was rerouted further north and crosses the river at Burua.
The centenary celebrations of the Shire of Calliope in 1979 created a collection of historic material, which led to the establishment of the Port Curtis Historical Society. As a new bridge was being constructed for the Bruce Highway to cross the Calliope River, the diversion of the highway to the new bridge created a parcel of land that the shire proposed to use as a historical village. Following site works, the village commenced operation in 1983 with the arrival of the first building, the Ambrose railway station.

## Demographics

In the 2011 census, River Ranch had a population of 313 people.
In the 2016 census, River Ranch had a population of 357 people.
In the 2021 census, River Ranch had a population of 269 people.

## Education

There are no schools in River Ranch. The nearest government primary and secondary schools are Calliope State School and Calliope State High School, both in neighbouring Calliope to the south-east.

## Amenities

There is a boat ramp via Old Bruce Highway on the north bank of the Calliope River (23°57′41″S 151°09′18″E﻿ / ﻿23.9614°S 151.1549°E﻿ / -23.9614; 151.1549﻿ (Calliope, Bruce Highway boat ramp)). It is managed by the Gladstone Regional Council. It is adjacent to the Old Bruce Highway Fishing Bridge (23°57′39″S 151°09′18″E﻿ / ﻿23.96086°S 151.15509°E﻿ / -23.96086; 151.15509﻿ (Old Bruce Highway Fishing Bridge)), which has been closed to traffic since 2009, but is still accessible for fishing.

## Attractions

The Calliope River Historical Village is at 50951 Bruce Highway, but accessed from the Old Bruce Highway where it crosses the Calliope River (23°57′33″S 151°09′21″E﻿ / ﻿23.9591°S 151.1557°E﻿ / -23.9591; 151.1557﻿ (Calliope River Historical Village)).
# Slice (song)

"Slice" is the title track and the second single from Five for Fighting's 2009 album of the same name.
The song is a nostalgic tribute to Don McLean's "American Pie", featuring a reference to "Chevys and levees" in the first verse and the line "We were more than just a slice of American pie" in the chorus. It is performed in the key of B major with a tempo of 126 beats per minuete in common time. The song follows a chord progression of F♯/A♯–B–E$^6$ $_9$, and Ondrasik's vocals span from D♯$_4$ to B$_5$.

## Chart performance

"Slice" peaked at number 33 on the US Adult Pop Songs chart and number 11 on the US Adult Contemporary chart.
# QVD

QVD may refer to:
* QVD, Quietly Vesting Disease
* QVD (software), a Linux open source VDI platform
* .QVD (QlikView dashboard default extension), QlikView is a dashboard BI tool
# St John the Baptist, Corney

St John the Baptist, is in Corney, Cumbria, England. It is an Anglican parish church in the deanery of Calder, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is Black Combe, Drigg, Eskdale, Irton, Muncaster and Waberthwaite. The church is not a listed building.

## History

Corney St John is thought to have been built in the 12th Century, and was restored in 1882. It formerly belonged to the Abbey of St. Mary, York, which presented to the living in 1536, but is now a rectory in the patronage of the earl of Lonsdale, the advowson being purchased of John, first baron Muncaster, in 1803. According to Mannix and Whelan (1847) the church was "a plain edifice with a belfry containing two bells" and the vestry was added in 1847.

## Architecture

Built of the local red and grey sandstone with a slate roof. Church has a bellcote with two bells. The interior space comprises a Nave. The windows are all opaque and pews are fixed. The round grey font, has of the farther and of the son and of the holy spirit carved around.
The churchyard has approximately 100 grave stones including 1 Commonwealth War Grave
The churchyard also has a sundial dated 1822 a gift of Edward Troughton.
# Ross Goodacre

Ross Goodacre is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at an international level.

## Playing career

Goodacre made a solitary official international appearance for New Zealand as a substitute in a 0–5 loss to Indonesia on 21 September 1997.
# Galactic republic

A galactic republic is a republic that spans most of a galaxy. It may refer to:
* Galactic Republic, in Star Wars, the Old Republic, the New Republic
* Galactic Republic, a fictional polity in the 1953 comic book story "Judgment Day", that was controversially a target of censorship in 1956
* Galactic Republic, a fictional polity from the Japanese anime OAV series Legend of Galactic Heroes, see List of Legend of the Galactic Heroes episodes
# Marguerite Thoresen

Rita Tori (born Marguerite Thoresen; 17 June 1908 – 16 August 1967) was an internationally noted Norwegian ballet dancer and choreographer.
She was born to Norwegian parents living in Shanghai, China. Her father, Olaf Thoresen (1870-1937), managed a Chinese-based Norwegian trading company (Det Oversøiske Compagnie). She studied ballet from an early age, training in both London and Paris. Among other dance instructors, she studied under Lyubov Yegorova.
She debuted at the Opéra de Monte-Carlo in 1930. She danced at René Blums Ballets de Monte Carlo in 1936 and opened a dance academy in Oslo that same year. From 1953 to 1958, she was the Director of the Norwegian Ballet (Den Norske Ballett).
During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany, she was imprisoned in Åkebergveien from 21 September 1944, then in the Grini concentration camp from 3 November 1944 until her release on 26 March 1945.

## Death

She died in Norway in 1967 and was awarded the Norwegian King's Medal of Merit upon her death.
# Producer (agriculture)

Producer, in United States agricultural policy, is generally thought of as a farm operator. However, given the sometimes complex ownership and rental arrangements of today’s farms, the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 101–171, Sec. 1001) defines a producer for purposes of farm program benefits as an owner-operator, landlord, tenant, or sharecropper that shares in the risk of producing a crop and is entitled to a share of the crop produced on the farm. Under this definition, a landlord receiving cash rent is not considered a producer and is not eligible to receive subsidy program payments. However, a landlord receiving crop share as rent is a producer.
# Fusinus labronicus

Fusinus labronicus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies.
# Tófej

Tófej is a village in Zala County, Hungary.
# Ross Graham

Ross Graham may refer to:
* Ross Graham (rugby union)
* Ross Graham (footballer)
# Pilot, North Carolina

Pilot is the name of two places in the U.S. state of North Carolina:
* Pilot, Davidson County, North Carolina
* Pilot, Franklin County, North Carolina