OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Gordon Campbell

Charles Gordon Campbell was born on the 14 January 1840, in Aberdeen Scotland. He was the son of Duncan Campbell, cattle driver and his wife Catherine née Mclean. Campbell was a Colonial Australian merchant and pastoralist. Along with Frederick Sheppard Grimwade, Alfred Felton, and James Cuming, he established one of Australia's largest fertiliser companies.[citation needed] All four men are quoted as being some of early Australia's greatest Industrialists.
He was a co-founder of the Port Melbourne Sugar Company.
He died 13 September 1905 in Sydney.

## Sources

* Grimwade, Frederick Sheppard - Bright Sparcs Biographical entry at www.asap.unimelb.edu.au
* Entry for Charles Campbell (1840-1905), www.adb.com.au
* Wakool Shire Community Heritage Study 2006–2007, Wakool Shire Council, and Heritage Office, NSW Department of Planning, pp. 26–29.
# Joe Hamilton (producer)

Joseph Henry Hamilton Jr. (January 6, 1929 – June 9, 1991) was an American television producer and actor.

## Career

Hamilton began his career as a singer and composer with a vocal group, The Skylarks. With The Skylarks, he appeared on many early television programs, including Dinah Shore's. He became the producer of The Garry Moore Show in 1958, where actress Carol Burnett was a regular. He also appeared in two 1964 episodes of The New Phil Silvers Show.
Hamilton appeared in several episodes of The Andy Griffith Show as a bystander who made fun of Deputy Barney Fife (Don Knotts). He worked with Burnett on the short-lived CBS variety show The Entertainers and her long-running eponymous series, The Carol Burnett Show, as executive producer and composer of its theme song. After Burnett's show concluded, he was executive producer of the 1982 Eunice TV movie. He also served as executive producer of The Tim Conway Show in 1980–81.
Hamilton was a catalyst behind the creation of Mama's Family. Despite the character of Thelma "Mama" Harper's death in the movie, the show centered around Mama, and ran for 30 episodes on NBC (from 1982 to 1984), and subsequently for 100 more episodes in syndicated version, produced independently for Lorimar Telepictures (from 1986 to 1990). He made one brief appearance (albeit on a poster) on the show as Duke Reeves.
Hamilton won five Emmy Awards, the first for The Garry Moore Show, which featured Burnett.
Hamilton also wrote Burnett's famous theme song, which she sang to end her show each week, “I'm So Glad We Had This Time Together”.

## Personal life

Hamilton was the brother of television actress Kipp Hamilton.
Hamilton's first marriage (April 10, 1948 – 1963), to Gloria Hartley, produced eight children.
He married Carol Burnett on May 4, 1963. They had three children, including Carrie Hamilton, before divorcing in 1984. He married Sandy Troggio in 1991, before dying of cancer that same year on June 9.
He is buried in Holy Cross Cemetery.

## Actor

* Sea Hunt (1960) - Season 2, Episode 5
* "Alfred Hitchcock Presents" S3 E39 "Little White Frock" aired 6/28/1958
# Mikko Niemi

Mikko Niemi may refer to:
* Mikko Niemi (basketball) (born 1985), Finnish basketball player
* Mikko Niemi (ice hockey) (born 1972), Finnish ice hockey player
# Ringyuichon Vashum

Ringyuichon Vashum is an Indian activist for microcredit in Ukhrul District in the state of Manipur. She facilitates the formation of women's self-help groups. She was awarded the Nari Shakti Puraskar for her work in 2017.

## Life

Ringyuichon Vashum is President of the Participatory Action for Sustainable Development Organization based in the state of Manipur. The organisation was formed in 1997 and seeks to support people's participatory action. In 2007, she began working to improve the lot of the women of the hills in the Ukhrul District in the north of Manipur, an area home to the Tangkhul Nagas.
Vashum became the director of the Ukhrul District Women Institute of Micro-Credit (UDWIM) as part of the North Eastern Region Community Resource Management Project. Her organisation provides microcredit to women in self help groups formed under UDWIM in the Ukhrul district. Vashum used the assistance to encourage the women to move away from growing marijuana and opium poppies, and into organic farming and the keeping of poultry. Other business opportunities have included embroidery, food processing and hand loom weaving.
Vashum was invited to the Presidential Palace (Rashtrapati Bhavan) in New Delhi on International Women's Day in 2017 to be awarded the Nari Shakti Puraskar. She was one of 27 women who were recognised and five organisations were also honoured. Her citation credits her with working to "empower over 13,000 women SHGs [self help groups]". At the awards, she encouraged another winner Reema Sathe to visit Manipur and its isolated villages. Sathe was impressed to see how the concept of sustainability was taking root in the region.
# Charles H. Barbour

Charles H. Barbour is a politician from Charlottesville, Virginia. He served as the first Black mayor of Charlottesville from 1974 to 1976. Barbour was also the first African-American to be elected to the Charlottesville City Council (1970–1978), and was the first Black member of the Charlottesville Jaycees (Junior Chamber of Commerce). He relinquished his membership at the age of 35.
# Rising Low

Rising Low is a 2002 documentary film directed by Mike Gordon. It is based on the life and death of Gov't Mule bassist Allen Woody and the making of a double-disc tribute album featuring a host of legendary bass players. In the film, Gordon interviews Woody's family and bandmates and discusses the philosophy and technique of bass playing with bassists including Chris Squire, Les Claypool, John Entwistle, Flea, Bootsy Collins, Mike Watt and Roger Glover.
# Fluorophosphate glass

Fluorophosphate glass is a class of optical glasses composed of metaphosphates and fluorides of various metals. It is a variant of phosphate glasses. Fluorophosphate glasses are very unusual in nature. Fluorophosphate glasses have ultra-low theoretical loss of 0.001 dB/km, longer fluorescent lifetime of rare earths, lower coefficient of thermal expansion of ~13×10$^{−6}$/°C.
Some fluorophosphate glasses are used as low dispersion glasses. Some show anomalous partial dispersion. One such glass is composed of Ba(PO$_3$)$_2$, Al(PO$_3$)$_3$, AlF$_3$, and alkaline earth fluorides MgF$_2$, CaF$_2$, SrF$_2$, and BaF$_2$, with possible addition of titanium, sodium, potassium, and/or hydrogen. The components by wt.% are 0.5–3% Mg, 8–10% Ca, 12–20% Sr, 9–12% Ba, 7–9% Al, 5–9% P, 8–12% O, and 35–38% F.
Some doped fluorophosphate glasses are used in laser technology. They are attractive here for their small refractive index nonlinearity. Rare-earth elements are popular dopants. One of the applications is for optical amplifiers.
Exotic dopants like fullerenes and quantum dots can be employed.
Tungsten-doped tin-fluorophosphate glasses (SnO-SnF2-P2O5) can be used for hermetic sealing of organic light-emitting diodes and other devices.
# Maggiano's Little Italy

Maggiano's Little Italy (Italian:) is an American casual dining restaurant chain specializing in Italian-American cuisine. The company was founded in Chicago's River North neighborhood, at Clark Street and Grand Avenue, in 1991 by Rich Melman's Lettuce Entertain You Enterprises (LEYE). It was named after Melman's late partner, Marvin Magid. The concept was acquired by Brinker International, Inc. in August 1995 from LEYE. As of March 22, 2021, there were 54 locations throughout 22 states and the District of Columbia.
In February 2017, they introduced a seven-day-a-week brunch menu.

## History

Richard Melman expanded LEYE's Italian division in 1991 by opening Maggiano's Little Italy in Chicago. According to the company's history, the concept aimed at "re-creating the classic pre-World War II dinner house featuring family size portions".
The first restaurant opened on November 11, 1991, in Chicago at the corner of Clark Street and Grand Avenue in the River North neighborhood. A second restaurant was opened in Oak Brook, followed by one in Skokie. In 1994, the brand opened its first restaurant outside of Illinois. In 1995, Brinker International purchased the restaurant to take it national.
# Crotona Theatre

Crotona Theatre at 453 East Tremont Avenue, in Bronx, New York opened in 1912 showing vaudeville. It had 2,210 seats and was one of William Fox’s first large theaters. Designed by Thomas W. Lamb, it had a Beaux Arts auditorium wainscotted in marble and red tapestry covering the walls. Movie showings were added and in the silent era a twelve-piece orchestra and a three manual Moller pipe organ (Op. 216) provided accompaniment. It closed in 1959 and became a factory/warehouse.
The theater is pictured during a street view scene near the beginning of the 1958 movie The Colossus of New York.
# Philautus aurifasciatus

Philautus aurifasciatus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Indonesia. It has been observed solely at elevations higher than 900 meters above sea level.
This frog is listed as least concern because of its large range, which includes protected parks. It lives in montane and submontane forests.
This frog lays eggs in holes in trees, where it grows via direct development with no free-swimming tadpole stage.
# Cinque variazioni (Berio)

Cinque variazioni ("Five variations") is a composition for solo piano by Luciano Berio, written in 1952–53 and greatly revised in 1966. It was published by Suvini Zerboni and the first performance was given by Berio in Milan in 1953. The variations are based on a three-note melodic cell—"fratello"[014]—from the opera Il prigioniero by Luigi Dallapiccola, to whom the work is dedicated (Berio, Dalmonte & Varga 1985, p.53). Major changes between the two versions are indicated below, but many other small changes may be found, mostly additions to render the harmony more complex.
* First variation: calmo e flessibile. No theme is stated in this piece. Like Webern's piano Variations a twelve-tone row stated at the beginning stands in for a theme. The first variation remains largely within the ppp–pppp range. It begins with a series of major ninths (the number nine plays a significant role in the structure of the piece) and gradually gains in rhythmic and harmonic complexity.
* Second variation: poco meno del precedente. Mostly built on a sharp dotted motif but rapidly gains in speed and density, building up to a fff climax.
* Third variation: prestissimo (e ben articulato). Fragments of motifs thrown around with rests and accents. A short cadenza (. = 104) intervenes (the designation "cadenza" is taken out in the revised version). Finally, a coda prestissimo, rapidly building up from very soft to extremely loud, closes this variation (the word "coda" is removed in the revised version).
* Fourth variation: legatissimo e volante. Beginning pppp, with rapid, highly chromatic scale passages (sometimes divided between the hands) and fragments of motifs tossed around. Builds to several climaxes. The bottom score of page 13 and the first two scores of page 14 are new to the revised version.
* Fifth variation: calmo. Return to the pensive mood of the first variation, but with an intensely lyrical melody set among a large number of ornaments. The original version of the piece lacks almost all of these ornaments and is rhythmically far more simple and static (all the nonuplets are only found in the revised version).
* Coda: Return to the stationary, ninth-dominated motives of the start, mostly in the ppp range with much pedal.
# Devil's garden

In myrmecology and forest ecology, a devil's garden (Kichwa: Supay chakra) is a large stand of trees in the Amazon rainforest consisting of at most three tree species and the ant Myrmelachista schumanni. Devil's gardens can reach sizes of up to 600 trees and are inhabited by a single ant colony, containing up to 3 million workers and 15,000 queens. In a 2002 to 2004 census of the Amazon, devil's gardens were shown to have grown by 0.7% per year. The relationship between tree and ant may persist for more than 800 years. A devil's garden is considered an example of mutualism, a type of symbiotic relationship between species.

## Background

Devil's gardens were named because locals believed that an evil forest spirit Chullachaki (meaning "uneven foot, single foot" in Kichwa) or "Chuyathaqi" lived in them.

## Types

Inhabited by the ant Myrmelachista schumanni, devil's gardens, in different regions of the Amazon, can be dominated by different tree species. In southeastern Peru, devil's gardens are dominated by Cordia nodosa (Boraginaceae) and occasionally mixed with Tococa occidentalis (Melastomataceae). At higher elevations, the tree species Tapirira guianensis (Anacardiaceae) can be found dominating gardens. In southeastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru the most common tree species found in devil's gardens are Duroia hirsuta (Rubiaceae).

## Symbiosis

The mutualistic symbiosis between the ant Myrmelachista schumanni and the tree Duroia hirsuta begins when an ant queen colonizes an isolated tree. The ants make nesting sites in the hollow stems and leaves of the tree, called domatia. The ants eliminate competition for the tree by poisoning all plants, except the host tree, with formic acid. Because other plants are killed off, D. hirsuta saplings are able to grow and the ant colony is able to expand.
The tree provides shelter (hollow stems and domatia) and food (leaves) for the ants, and the ants provide a suitable environment for the trees to grow by eliminating competing plants. Although the ants fend off herbivores, the size of the garden is restricted by leaf destruction increasing as it expands, as the ants are unable to defend the trees beyond a certain point.
# Eocathayornis

Eocathayornis is a genus of enantiornithean birds that was probably more basal or "primitive" than related genera Sinornis and Cathayornis. These birds lived during the Early Cretaceous in today's People's Republic of China.
The holotype IVPP 10916 was in 1994 found in the Boluochi quarry by Zhou Zhonghe in a layer of the Jiufotang Formation dating from the late Aptian. It consists of the skull and the top half of the postcranial skeleton on a plate and counterplate. The bones have only been preserved as impressions. In 2002, Zhou named and described the type species Eocathayornis walkeri. The generic name combines a Greek ἠώς, eos, "dawn", with Cathayornis, referring to the more basal build compared to the latter genus. The specific name honours Cyril Alexander Walker for his contributions to the study of the Enantiornithes.
Zhou in 2002 placed Eocathayornis in the Cathayornithidae.
# Enos Nuttall

Enos Nuttall was the Anglican Primate of the Church in the Province of the West Indies, elected as such in 1892.

## Life

Born in Lancashire, England, 26 January 1842, he went to Jamaica in 1862 as an unordained missionary of the Methodist Church. He was ordained a priest in the Anglican Church in 1866, and was consecrated Bishop of Jamaica in St Paul's Cathedral in London in October 1880.
The Anglican Province of the West Indies was created in 1884 and held its first provincial synod in Jamaica in October in that year. Nuttall played a leading role in drawing up a constitution for the province. Bishop William Piercy Austin of Guyana was elected the first primate. Nuttall succeeded Bishop Austin as primate in 1892. His title was changed from primate to archbishop in 1897. He died on 31 May 1916.
# Eranina pectoralis

Eranina pectoralis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1881. It is known from Guatemala and Mexico.
# List of World Bank members

The following is a list of the 189 members of the World Bank:

## Member states

* Afghanistan
* Albania
* Algeria
* Angola
* Antigua and Barbuda
* Argentina
* Armenia
* Australia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* The Bahamas
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Barbados
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Belize
* Benin
* Bhutan
* Bolivia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Botswana
* Brazil
* Brunei
* Bulgaria
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cambodia
* Cameroon
* Canada
* Cape Verde
* Central African Republic
* Chad
* Chile
* Colombia
* Comoros
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Republic of the Congo
* Costa Rica
* Côte d'Ivoire
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Djibouti
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* East Timor
* Ecuador
* Egypt
* El Salvador
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eritrea
* Estonia
* Ethiopia
* Fiji
* Finland
* France
* Gabon
* Gambia
* Georgia
* Germany
* Ghana
* Greece
* Grenada
* Guatemala
* Guinea
* Guinea-Bissau
* Guyana
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Hungary
* Iceland
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Ireland
* Israel
* Italy
* Jamaica
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kenya
* Kiribati
* Kosovo
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Latvia
* Lebanon
* Lesotho
* Liberia
* Libya
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Madagascar
* Malawi
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mali
* Malta
* Marshall Islands
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Mexico
* Micronesia
* Moldova
* Mongolia
* Montenegro
* Morocco
* Mozambique
* Myanmar
* Namibia
* Nauru
* Nepal
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Nicaragua
* Niger
* Nigeria
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palau
* Panama
* Papua New Guinea
* Paraguay
* P.R. China
* Peru
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Qatar
* Romania
* Russia
* Rwanda
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent
* Samoa
* San Marino
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Saudi Arabia
* Senegal
* Serbia
* Seychelles
* Sierra Leone
* Singapore
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Solomon Islands
* Somalia
* South Africa
* South Korea
* South Sudan
* Spain
* Sri Lanka
* Sudan
* Suriname
* Swaziland
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Tanzania
* Thailand
* Togo
* Tonga
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Tunisia
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* Tuvalu
* Uganda
* Ukraine
* United Arab Emirates
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Uruguay
* Uzbekistan
* Vanuatu
* Venezuela
* Vietnam
* Yemen
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe

## Non-member states

The five United Nations member states that are not members of the World Bank are
* Andorra
* Cuba
* Liechtenstein
* Monaco
* North Korea
Taiwan is the largest economy outside the World Bank, followed by Hong Kong and Macau. The two observer states at the UN, the Vatican City and State of Palestine, are also not members of the World Bank.
Kosovo is not a member of the UN, but is a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group, both specialized agencies in the United Nations System.
# Eretis djaelaelae

Eretis djaelaelae, commonly known as the marbled elf, is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from Somalia southwards to South Africa. The habitat consists of savanna woodland and sometimes also grassland. Similar to Eretis umbra but has white forelegs.
The wingspan is 31–35 mm for males and 34–36 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round, and it is more common in warmer areas. Peaks occur from September to March in southern Africa.
The larvae feed on Phaulopsis imbricata, Chaetacanthus setiger, Dyschoriste and Justicia species (including Justicia protracta).
# Eretis camerona

Eretis camerona is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and western Uganda.
# Episcepsis flavipuncta

Episcepsis flavipuncta is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Hans Zerny in 1931. It is found in Brazil.
# Eressa

Eressa is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1854.

## Species

* Eressa affinis Moore, 1877
* Eressa africana Hampson, 1914
* Eressa analis Aurivillius, 1925
* Eressa angustipenna (T. P. Lucas, 1890)
* Eressa aperiens (Walker, [1865])
* Eressa buddha Zerny, 1931
* Eressa confinis Walker, 1854
* Eressa dammermanni van Eecke, 1933
* Eressa deliana Roepke, 1935
* Eressa discinota (Moore, 1879)
* Eressa dohertyi Rothschild, 1910
* Eressa eressoides (Hampson, [1893])
* Eressa erythrosoma (Hampson, [1893])
* Eressa furva Hampson, 1898
* Eressa geographica Meyrick, 1886
* Eressa ichneumoniformis Rothschild, 1910
* Eressa javanica Obraztsov, 1954
* Eressa lepcha (Moore, 1879)
* Eressa lutulenta (Snellen, 1879)
* Eressa megalospilia Turner, 1922
* Eressa megatorna Hampson, 1898
* Eressa microchilus (Hampson, [1893])
* Eressa multigutta (Walker, 1854)
* Eressa naclioides Felder, 1861
* Eressa nigra (Hampson, [1893])
* Eressa paurospila Turner, 1922
* Eressa pleurosticta Hampson, 1910
* Eressa quinquecincta Hampson, 1898
* Eressa rhysoptila (Turner, 1922)
* Eressa rubribasis de Joannis, 1912
* Eressa semifusca Hampson, 1898
* Eressa siamica (Walker, [1865])
* Eressa simplex Rothschild, 1910
* Eressa strepsimeris (Meyrick, 1886)
* Eressa subaurata (Walker, 1854)
* Eressa vespa Hampson, 1898
* Eressa vespina Rothschild, 1912
* Eressa vespoides Rothschild, 1910
* Eressa ypleta (Swinhoe, 1892)
# Eressa africana

Eressa africana is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1914. It is found in Uganda.
# Equestrian at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Individual eventing

The individual eventing event was part of the equestrian programme at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

## Results

| Place | Equestrian | Score |
| 1 | Helmer Mörner and Germania (SWE) | 1775.00 |
| 2 | Åge Lundström and Ysra (SWE) | 1738.75 |
| 3 | Ettore Caffaratti and Caniche (ITA) | 1733.75 |
| 4 | Roger Moeremans d'Emaüs and Sweet Girl (BEL) | 1652.50 |
| 5 | Garibaldi Spighi and Otello (ITA) | 1647.50 |
| 6 | Harry Chamberlin and Nigra (USA) | 1568.75 |
| 7 | William West and Black Boy (USA) | 1558.75 |
| 8 | Georg von Braun and Diana (SWE) | 1543.75 |
| 9 | Knut Gysler and Emden (NOR) | 1537.50 |
| 10 | Oswald Lints and Martha (BEL) | 1515.00 |
| 11 | Eugen Johansen and Nökken (NOR) | 1428.75 |
| 12 | Jules Bonvalet and Weppelghem (BEL) | 1392.50 |
| 13 | Édouard Saint-Poulof and Josette (FRA) | 1387.50 |
| 14 | Giulio Cacciandra and Facetto (ITA) | 1353.75 |
| 15 | Camille de Sartiges and Jehova (FRA) | 1352.50 |
| 16 | John Burke Barry and Raven (USA) | 1350.00 |
| 17 | Oskar Wilkman and Meno (FIN) | 1282.50 |
| 17 | Jacques Misonne and Gaucho (BEL) | 1282.50 |
| 19 | Carlo Asinari and Savari (ITA) | 1245.00 |
| 20 | Idzard Sirtema and Good Shot (NED) | 1035.00 |
| — | Joseph de Vrégille and Grand Manitou (FRA) | DNF |
| — | Bjørn Bjørnseth and Lydia (NOR) | DNF |
| — | Gustaf Dyrsch and Salamis (SWE) | DNF |
| — | Sloan Doak and Deceive (USA) | DNF |
| — | Emmanuel Vidart and Maxime (FRA) | DNF |
# Erebia calcaria

Erebia calcaria, or Lorkovic's brassy ringlet, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Alps. The species inhabits southern exposed slopes with alpine grassland interspersed with rocks. Screes without vegetation or only a few grass tussocks cannot serve as habitat.

## Taxonomy

E. calcaria is a member of the brassy ringlet species complex.

## Biology

The species is only active when the sun is shining. They fly close to the ground, visiting flowers from time to time and spend much of their time on rocks, resting. The female deposits her eggs on dry grass stalks, just above the ground. The caterpillars feed on Nardus stricta and on various Festuca and Sesleria species.
# Erebia anyuica

Erebia anyuica, the scree alpine, is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is found in Siberia, in several isolated areas of Alaska, and in a band that extends across northern Alaska and northern Yukon (British Mountains) to the Richardson Mountains on the Yukon/Northwest Territories border.
The wingspan is 31–42 mm. Adults are on wing from mid-June to late July.

## Subspecies

* E. a. anyuica Magadan
* E. a. iltshira Belik, 1996 eastern Sayan Mountains
* E. a. jakuta Dubatolov, 1992 north-eastern Yakutia
* E. a. sokhondinka Dubatolov & Zintshenko, 1995

## Similar species

* Reddish alpine (E. lafontainei)
* Four-dotted alpine (E. youngi)