OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Qiu Xueqiang

Qiu Xueqiang (Chinese: 邱学强; born August 1957) is a Chinese prosecutor and politician. He was a representative of the 16th, 17th, and 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was an alternate member of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 17th and 18th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. He is a member of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He is a member of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

## Biography

Qiu was born in Shen County, Shandong, in August 1957. In July 1975, he became a secretary for the CCP Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Committee. He joined the People's Procuratorate of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in November 1978 and rose to become its deputy chief procurator in June 1986. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in December 1980. In October 1987, he was made deputy director of the Office of Combating Economic Crimes of the CCP Qinghai Provincial Committee, he remained in that position until January 1989, when he was assigned to the Qinghai Provincial People's Procuratorate. In July 1991, he became secretary-general of the Political and Legal Commission of CCP Qinghai Provincial Committee, but having held the position for only two years.
He was transferred to the Supreme People's Procuratorate in December 1993, where he was promoted to director of the Political Department in February 2000 and to deputy chief procurator in June 2001. In May 2020, he took office as vice chairperson of the Social and Legal Affairs Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
# Gilbert Michell

Gilbert Michell (c. 1557 – 28 March 1614), of Bodmin, Cornwall, was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Bodmin in 1584–85.
# Coughran, Texas

Coughran is an unincorporated community in Atascosa County, in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 20 in 2000. It is located within the San Antonio metropolitan area.

## Geography

Coughran is located at the junction of Farm to Market Road 1334 and the Missouri Pacific Railroad, 4 mi (6.4 km) southeast of Pleasanton in east-central Atascosa County.
# David José Kohon

David José Kohon (18 October 1929; Buenos Aires – 30 October 2004; ibid.) was an Argentine film director and screenwriter.
He directed and wrote for Argentine films between 1958 and 1982 directing films such as Así o de otra manera (1964), Breve cielo (1969), Con alma y vida (1970) and El Agujero en la pared (1982). Breve cielo was entered into the 6th Moscow International Film Festival.

## Filmography

** Director:
* El agujero en la pared (1982)
* ¿Qué es el otoño? (1977)
* Con alma y vida (1970)
* Breve cielo (1969)
* Así o de otra manera (1964)
* Tres veces Ana (1961)
* Prisioneros de una noche (1960)
* Buenos Aires (short - 1958)
* La flecha y el compás (short - 1950)
** Writer:
* El agujero en la pared (1982)
* ¿Qué es el otoño? (1977)
* Con alma y vida (1970)
* Breve cielo (1969)
* Así o de otra manera or Confesión (1964)
* Tres veces Ana (1961)
* Buenos Aires (short - 1958)
* La Madre María (1974)
# Ghervazen Longher

Ghervazen Longher (Polish: Gerwazy Longher, born January 3, 1972) is a Romanian politician, and a political leader of the Polish minority in Romania. He has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2004. Longher was born in Cacica, Suceava County.
In June 2014, MP Ghervazen Longher was sentenced by the Romanian High Court of Cassation and Justice to three months suspended imprisonment for the crime of conflict of interest. Ghervazen Longher illegally hired his brother and sister in the Chamber of Deputies.
After being given a suspended prison sentence, Ghervazen Longher's place as a Member of Parliament was taken by his wife, Victoria Longher.
# Masiphumelele High School

Masiphumelele High School is a publicly owned secondary school (grades 8–12) in Masiphumelele in the Western Cape region of South Africa. As of 2005 it had some 942 students. The school has piped indoor water.
In February 2006 students of the school were involved in violent protests, which resulted in injuries to two teachers and damage to three police vehicles.
# Mary Thomas (poet)

Mary Thomas née Harris (30 August 1787 – 10 February 1875) was a diarist, poet and early settler of South Australia. She married Robert Thomas on 8 January 1818 in Southampton. They had six children, one of whom died young.
She and four of their children accompanied her husband to South Australia on the Africaine and arrived at Holdfast Bay in November 1836. The eldest son (second child), Robert George Thomas, had travelled with George Strickland Kingston and reunited with the family when they arrived. The family wanted to "obtain a competence" in South Australia, but expected they "must go to England to enjoy it." He printed Governor John Hindmarsh's proclamation of the colony, which occurred under the Old Gum Tree on 28 December 1836.
Already a published poet at the time of her arrival in South Australia, she was a prolific letter writer and kept a diary which was first published in 1915 as The Diary and Letters of Mary Thomas. This gave a detailed account of her voyage on the Africaine as well as an insight into early colonial life.
She died at her house in Adelaide on 10 February 1875, leaving two sons and two daughters.
# Mary Thomas (soprano)

Averil Mary Thomas (2 August 1932 – 17 April 1997) was a Welsh soprano.

## Career

After studying at the Royal Academy of Music, she established herself in the 1960s as a successful early music performer. She appeared as a soloist as well as a member of the Deller Consort. She was also notable for her work in contemporary music. Peter Maxwell Davies wrote pieces with her voice and dramatic ability in mind.

### Notable performances

She gave the first performances of a number of works by Peter Maxwell Davies, accompanied by the Fires of London.
* Revelation and Fall (premiered February 1968, adapted 1980).
* Missa super l'homme armé (premiered February 1968, revised 1971).
She appeared at the Proms between 1962 and 1983, singing music ranging from Baroque to Maxwell Davies.

## Selected recordings

* Thomas's vocals appeared on the 1976 ELO tracks "Rockaria!" and "Shangri-La" from the album A New World Record; "Rockaria!", released as a single in 1977, reached the Top Ten on the UK Singles Chart.
* Revelation and Fall (reissued on CD in 2004)
# Choline/ethanolamine kinase family

In molecular biology, the choline/ethanolamine kinase family includes choline kinase(EC 2.7.1.32) and ethanolamine kinase (EC 2.7.1.82).
Ethanolamine and choline are major membrane phospholipids, in the form of glycerophosphoethanolamine and glycerophosphocholine. Ethanolamine is also a component of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, which is necessary for cell-surface protein attachment. The de novo synthesis of these phospholipids begins with the creation of phosphoethanolamine and phosphocholine by ethanolamine and choline kinases in the first step of the CDP-ethanolamine pathway. There are two putative choline/ethanolamine kinases (C/EKs) in the Trypanosoma brucei genome.
Ethanolamine kinase has no choline kinase activity and its activity is inhibited by ADP. Inositol supplementation represses ethanolamine kinase, decreasing the incorporation of ethanolamine into the CDP-ethanolamine pathway and into phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine.
# Massive Noise Injection

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Massive Noise Injection is a live album by the band Wolfsbane recorded at The Marquee, London on 20 February 1993.

## Track listing

* "Protect & Survive" - 3:47
* "Load Me Down" - 3:02
* "Black Lagoon" - 4:54
* "Rope & Ride" - 4:08
* "Kathy Wilson" - 4:21
* "Loco" - 3:33
* "End of the Century" - 4:10
* "Steel" - 4:56
* "Temple of Rock" - 5:37
* "Manhunt" - 3:56
* "Money to Burn" - 6:56
* "Paint the Town Red" - 3:48
* "Wild Thing" - 5:31
* "Hollow Man" (Vinyl/Japan Only)*
* "Want Me All the Time" (Vinyl/Japan Only)*
* The extra tracks were only available on the limited edition double vinyl and the Japanese CD releases. They are now included as bonus tracks on the 20th anniversary CD available on the band's website. Studio versions of these tracks were available on the Bonus CD Everything Else.
* The sleeve lists the two extra tracks in the wrong order, though the order is correct on the record.
* Blaze Bayley introduces "Hollow Man" as "The Hollow Man". "Want Me All the Time" is known as "Want Me" on Everything Else.
* Of the new songs that featured on this album, only "Protect & Survive" appeared on the following studio album Wolfsbane. Studio versions of "Rope & Ride", "End of the Century", "Hollow Man" and "Want Me (All the Time)" are all featured on the Bonus CD Everything Else.

## Line up

* Blaze Bayley: Vocals
* Jason Edwards: Guitar
* Jeff Hately: Bass
* Steve Danger: Drums
# Mary Willoughby

Mary Willoughby may refer to:
* Mary Willoughby, Baroness Willoughby, or Mary, married name Willoughby (c. 1490–1539)
* English ship Mary Willoughby, named after the above
# Chondria elegans

Chondria elegans is a species of beetle in the genus Chondria, which is found in Malaysia.
# Chondria tumulosa

Chondria tumulosa is a species of red algae in the family Rhodomelacae. It was first discovered in 2016, growing in small patches in the Pearl and Hermes Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. By 2019, the species had spread to cover several thousand square meters, smothering and killing vast swathes of the atoll's coral reefs. C. tumulosa is unlike any other species in its genus, having a tumbleweed-like growth form that allows fragments to break off and spread, allowing it to colonize new areas. The true origin of C. tumulosa in the region remains unknown; it displays many characteristics of an invasive species and is not closely related to any other Hawaiian Chondria, but it would have been relatively difficult to colonize such a remote area. It has also been suggested that it is a native species that suddenly spread due to changes in the ecosystem. Control and mitigation strategies will have to be made to prevent the species' spread.
# Mass media in the Faroe Islands

The Faroese mass media consists of several newspapers, radio stations, magazines, as well as a local TV station, Kringvarp Føroya.
The first Digital Terrestrial Television service was switched on during December 2002, broadcasting from seven transmitter sites. Subscription satellite television is also available in the Faroe Islands.

## List of major media in the Faroese language

Recently Sjónvarp Føroya (Television of the Faroes) and Útvarp Føroya (Radio of the Faroes) merged into a new company called Kringvarp Føroya.

### Television

* SVF (since 1984). The only local TV station, today a part of Kringvarp Føroya.
* A satellite TV company used to relay MTV Europe, BBC Prime, BBC World, and Eurosport, as well as Danish commercial TV into Tórshavn between 1989 and 2001.
* Since 2002 Televarpið (a subsidiary of the Faroese telecom company Føroya Tele) has distributed Sjónvarp Føroya and international channels through its digital terrestrial network, which include DR1, DR2, TV2, TV2 Sport, TV3, TV3+, Kanal 4, Kanal 5, 6'eren, NRK1, Visjon Norge, RÚV, MTV, VH1, BBC Brit, BBC World News, Eurosport, Cartoon Network, Discovery Channel, Animal Planet, Disney Channel, National Geographic Channel, Canal+ Comedy, Canal+ First, Canal+ Sport 1, Canal+ Sport 2.

### Radio

* Atlantic Radio, short-lived 24-hour station.
* KissFM, pop and rock from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, was replaced with the new Rás 2.
* Kringvarp Føroya started in 1957 as Útvarp Føroya. Merged with Sjónvarp Føroya 1 January 2007 to form Kringvarp Føroya.
* Lindin, a Christian radio station which has been broadcasting from Tórshavn since 21 January 2000
* Rás 2 (Channel 2) was, after Atlantic Radio stopped, established as an alternative to the state owned Útvarp Føroya (hence the "2" in its name).
* Stream.fo, on FM98.7 in Klaksvík and on internet radio, which has been broadcasting since 11 November 2011
* Útvarp Føroya
* Voxpop, modern pop music station

### Newspapers

* Dimmalætting, the oldest newspaper on the islands, dating back to 1878. A weekly newspaper since 2014
* Norðlýsið, a local newspaper mainly for the northern part of the islands.
* Oyggjatíðindi
* Sosialurin, established in 1927. Originally it was a political newspaper associated with Faroese social democrats, but in 2006 the Islands' Social Democratic Party sold the newspaper. It is published five times a week.
* Vikublaðið, a weekly newspaper. It is the only newspaper that is free, so is the most widely read newspaper on the Islands.
* Vinnuvitan, a business newspaper.

### Magazines

* Atlantic Review, since 1990. Atlantic Airways
* Frøði, a local science magazine.
* Kvinna, a women's magazine established in 2004.
* Land og Fólk
* OutsiderMagazine, Varðin, Vencil: cultural magazines.
# Mateusz Bernatek

Mateusz Lucjan Bernatek (born 12 January 1994) is a Polish Greco-Roman wrestler. He won the silver medal in the 66 kg event at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships held in Paris, France. He is also a silver medalist at the 2021 European Wrestling Championships.

## Career

In 2015, Bernatek represented Poland at the European Games in the 66 kg event without winning a medal. Four years later, he also competed in the 67 kg event at the 2019 European Games held in Minsk, Belarus.
In 2021, Bernatek won one of the bronze medals in the 72 kg event at the Grand Prix Zagreb Open held in Zagreb, Croatia. In 2022, he won one of the bronze medals in his event at the Vehbi Emre & Hamit Kaplan Tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey. He competed in the 67 kg event at the European Wrestling Championships in Budapest, Hungary.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Location | Result | Event |
| 2017 | World Championships | Paris, France | 2nd | Greco-Roman 66 kg |
| 2021 | European Championships | Warsaw, Poland | 2nd | Greco-Roman 67 kg |
# Chondroid syringoma

A chondroid syringoma is a well circumscribed but unencapsulated, multilobulated sweat gland-derived tumor. It is centered in the deep dermis or subcutaneous fat. Microscopically it is a mixed tumor, characterized by prominent chondroid or myxoid stroma enveloping benign bland appearing epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Its malignant counterpart is malignant chondroid syringoma.
# Chondroglossus

The chondroglossus muscle is a muscle of the tongue. It arises from the medial side of the lesser horn of the hyoid bone, before blending with intrinsic muscles of the tongue. It is supplied by the hypoglossal nerve.

## Structure

The chondroglossus muscle is about 2 cm long. It arises from the medial side and base of the lesser horn of the hyoid bone. It passes directly upward. It then inserts by blending with the intrinsic muscles of the tongue, between the hyoglossus and genioglossus.
The chondroglossus muscle is sometimes described as a part of the hyoglossus. However, is separated from it by fibers of the genioglossus, which pass to the side of the pharynx.

### Nerve supply

The chondroglossus muscle is supplied by the first lateral branch of the hypoglossal nerve. Some studies have found that it does not contain proprioceptive spindles to determine stretch.

## Clinical significance

The chondroglossus muscle may be cut in the suprahyoid release surgery, which can be used during resection of the trachea.

## Additional images

* Hyoid bone. Anterior surface. Enlarged.
# Masse

Masse may refer to
* Masse (surname)
* Massè, an arrondissement in Benin
* Massé, a billiards, pool, and snooker cueing technique that produces a curving shot
* Masei, the 43rd weekly portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading
* Pointe de la Masse, a mountain in France
* Levy en Masse Act 1803 by the Parliament of the United Kingdom
* Crampe en masse, a Canadian comedy duo
** Crampe en masse et le hot dog géant, an album by Crampe en masse
** Crampe en Masse (album) by Crampe en masse
* En Masse Entertainment, a Seattle-based PC and mobile game-publishing company
* Levée en masse, the policy of military conscription adopted after the French Revolution of 1789
# Gilbert Collins (disambiguation)

Gilbert Collins was a 19th-century mayor of Jersey City.
Gilbert Collins may also refer to:
* Gilbert Henry Collins, author
* Gilbert G. Collins, 19th-century mayor of Columbus, Ohio
# Chondropathy

Chondropathy refers to a disease of the cartilage. It is frequently divided into 5 grades, with 0-2 defined as normal and 3-4 defined as diseased.

## Some common diseases affecting/involving the cartilage

* Achondroplasia: Reduced proliferation of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate of long bones during infancy and childhood, resulting in dwarfism.
* Cartilage tumors
* Costochondritis: Inflammation of cartilage in the ribs, causing chest pain.
* Osteoarthritis: The cartilage covering bones (articular cartilage) is thinned, eventually completely worn out, resulting in a "bone against bone" joint, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis is very common, affects the joints exposed to high stress and is therefore considered the result of "wear and tear" rather than a true disease. It is treated by Arthroplasty, the replacement of the joint by a synthetic joint made of titanium and teflon. Chondroitin sulfate, a monomer of the polysaccharide portion of proteoglycan, has been shown to reduce the symptoms of osteoarthritis, possibly by increasing the synthesis of the extracellular matrix.
* Spinal disc herniation: Asymmetrical compression of an intervertebral disc ruptures the sac-like disc, causing a herniation of its soft content. The hernia compresses the adjacent nerves and causes back pain.
* Relapsing polychondritis: a destruction, probably autoimmune, of cartilage, especially of the nose and ears, causing disfiguration. Death occurs by suffocation as the larynx loses its rigidity and collapses.

## Repairing articular cartilage damage

Though articular cartilage damage is not life-threatening, it does strongly affect the quality of life. Articular cartilage damage is often the cause of severe pain, swellings, strong barriers to mobility and severe restrictions to the patient's activities. Over the last decades, however, surgeons and biotech ventures have elaborated promising procedures that contribute to articular cartilage repair. However, these procedures do not treat osteoarthritis.
# Chondromorpha xanthotricha

Chondromorpha xanthotricha, is a species of millipedes in the family Paradoxosomatidae. It is native to South India and Sri Lanka. Two subspecies recognized.

## Distribution

Although native to India and Sri Lanka, with shipping transportation, they have been introduced to many countries such as Taiwan, Philippines, Bali, New Caledonia, Samoa, Fiji, Mauritius, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Suriname, and Puerto Rico. The species was recorded for the first time from Singapore in 2012.

## Description

It is about 20–26 mm in length. Adults are chestnut brown to dark grey in color. They can move very fast.

## Subspecies

* Chondromorpha xanthotricha hamuligerus Verhoeff, 1936
* Chondromorpha xanthotricha hirsutus Verhoeff, 1936
# Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 6th Earl of Minto

Gilbert Edward George Lariston Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 6th Earl of Minto, OBE, DL (/kɪˈnɪnmənd/; 19 June 1928 – 7 September 2005) (nicknamed "Gibbie"), styled Viscount Melgund until 1975, was a Scottish peer.

## Background and life

Lord Minto was the son of the 5th Earl of Minto and his wife, Marion Cook.
He attended Eton and the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, and served in the Scots Guards until 1958. In the 1955 Birthday Honours he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE). He was an honorary lieutenant of the Royal Company of Archers (Queen's Bodyguard in Scotland). He served as a Justice of the Peace for Roxburghshire from 1961 onwards. He succeeded his father as Earl in 1975. He served as president of the South of Scotland Chamber of Commerce from 1980 to 1982, chair of the Scottish Council on Alcoholism (1973-1987), and a commissioner of the Local Government Property Commission (Scotland) from 1995-1998.
The Earl was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1986 Birthday Honours. He was Vice Lord Lieutenant of Roxburgh, Ettrick and Lauderdale.
In 1992, Minto House, the traditional family seat near the village of Minto but not occupied by the family since before the Second World War, was demolished in accordance with the Earl's wishes, despite it being a listed building. Minto House was listed as Category A, and largely demolished within weeks. The Earl was at that time convenor of the Borders Regional Council, which held regulatory jurisdiction over such actions.

## Family

Lord Minto married Lady Caroline Child-Villiers (born 9 April 1934), daughter of George Child Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey and Patricia Kenneth Richards, on 26 November 1952. They had two children:
* Timothy Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 7th Earl of Minto [formerly Viscount Melgund] (born 1 December 1953); who is married and has three surviving children.
* Lady Laura Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound (born 11 March 1956) who married in 1984, John Reginald David Palmer, son of William Palmer, and has issue, two sons.
Lord and Lady Minto were divorced in 1965. In 1965 Lord Minto married, secondly, Mary Elizabeth Ballantine (29 December 1936 — 24 January 1983), daughter of Peter Ballantine, of Stonehouse Farm, Gladstone, New Jersey, United States. The marriage lasted until her death in 1983. He married, thirdly, in 1991 (divorced 2004) to Mrs Caroline Larlham, née Godfrey (b. 1952).

## Death

Lord Minto died after a fall, and due to severe lung disease that rendered an operation impossible, at the age of 77 in a nursing home. His funeral took place on Monday, 12 September 2005 at Minto Parish Church, near Hawick, Scottish Borders. His estate has been the subject of a dispute between his third wife and his son.
# Gilia cana

Gilia cana is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name showy gilia. It is native to California and Nevada where it grows in open areas with gravelly and sandy soils, such as desert and rocky slopes. The Mojave Desert range of some subspecies may extend into Arizona.

## Description

This wildflower, Gilia cana, grows a stout, branching stem reaching maximum heights around 30 centimeters. Most of the leaves are arranged in a clumpy rosette at the base of the plant. Each leaf is divided into leaflets with toothlike lobes. The lower part of the stem and leaves may have a coat of cobweb-like fibers. The herbage is glandular and has an unpleasant skunklike scent.
The tops of the stem branches bear spreading inflorescences of glandular purple to pinkish-lavender flowers. Each flower has a short tubular throat which is yellow and blue inside and five slightly protruding stamens with bluish anthers. The fruit is a small, rounded capsule. It is an annual herb and flowers bloom March to August.

## Ecology

Gilia cana is used as an exclusive food plant by the larvae of the Lepidoptera—butterfly species Schinia biundulata.