OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# President of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities

The President of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe is elected by the Congress, from among the delegates who are representatives in their delegations, on an alternating basis from each chamber (The Chamber of Local Authorities and the Chamber of Regions). The President of the Congress has a mandate of two and a half years.
The current President is Marc Cools, elected on October 24, 2023.

## List of presidents of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities

Presidents of the Conference of Local Authorities of Europe (1957-1983) and of the Standing Conference of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe (1983-1994) :
| Nationality | President | Presidency |
| France | Jacques Chaban-Delmas | January 12, 1957 - January 24, 1960 |
| France | Georges Dardel | 1960 - 1962 |
| Luxembourg | Henri Cravatte | 1962 - 1966 |
| United Kingdom | Francis Hill | 1966 - 1968 |
| Austria | Alois Lugger | 1968 - 1970 |
| Norway | Kjell T. Evers | 1970 - 1972 |
| Italy | Giancarlo Piombino | 1972 - 1974 |
| Netherlands | Reint Laan | 1974 - 1976 |
| Luxembourg | Henri Cravatte | 1976 - 1978 |
| United Kingdom | Gordon Pirie | 1978 - 1980 |
| Switzerland | Bernard Dupont | 1980 - 1982 |
| Netherlands | Eric Kiesl | 1982 - 1984 |
| Denmark | John Winther | 1984 - 1985 |
| Spain | Antoni Srana | 1985 - 1987 |
| United Kingdom | John Morgan | 1987 - 1991 |
| France | Lucien Sergent | 1991 - 1992 |
| Sweden | Bengt Mollstedt | 1992 - 1994 |
Presidents of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities since 1994 :
| Nationality | President | Presidency |
| Netherlands | Alexander Tchernoff | May 31, 1994 - July 2, 1996 |
| Switzerland | Claude Haegi | July 2, 1996 - May 25, 1998 |
| France | Alain Chénard | May 26, 1998 - May 23, 2000 |
| Spain | Llibert Cuatrecasas | May 23, 2000 - July 2, 2002 |
| Austria | Herwig van Staa | June 2, 2002 - May 25, 2004 |
| Italy | Giovanni di Stasi | May 25, 2004 - May 30, 2006 |
| Norway | Halvdan Skard | May 30, 2006 - May 27, 2008 |
| Turkey | Yavuz Mildon | May 27, 2008 - October 26, 2010 |
| United Kingdom | Keith Whitmore | October 26, 2010 - October 16, 2012 |
| Austria | Herwig van Staa | October 16, 2012 - October 14, 2014 |
| France | Jean-Claude Frécon | October 14, 2014 - October 16,2016 |
| Austria | Gudrun Mosler-Törnström | October 16, 2016 - November 6, 2018 |
| Sweden | Anders Knape | November 6, 2018 - March 23, 2021 |
| Netherlands | Leendert Verbeek | March 23, 2021 - October 24, 2023 |
| Belgium | Marc Cools | Since October 24, 2023 |

## Citations

* ↑ "Statutory Resolution and Charter of the Congress".
* ↑ "Leendert Verbeek elected as the President of the Congress". Congress of Local and Regional Authorities. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
# Dermot McGrane

Dermot McGrane is an English association football coach and former professional player.
In 2011 McGrane made the decision to coach for Niagara University's rival, the Canisius Golden Griffins. McGrane stayed in this position until 2021, when his contract expired.
# Speed skating at the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics – Boys' 1500 metres

The boys' 1500 metres speed skating competition of the Innsbruck 2012 Winter Youth Olympics was held at Eisschnellaufbahn on 16 January 2012.

## Results

The races were held at 11:31.
| Rank | Pair | Lane | Name | Country | Time | Time Behind |
| | 7 | o | Yang Fan | China | 1:54.20 | |
| | 5 | o | Liu An | China | 2:00.28 | +6.08 |
| | 6 | o | Seitaro Ichinohe | Japan | 2:00.30 | +6.10 |
| 4 | 1 | o | Noh Hyeok-jun | South Korea | 2:02.19 | +7.99 |
| 5 | 4 | i | Bastijn Boele | Netherlands | 2:02.28 | +8.08 |
| 6 | 8 | o | Roman Dubovik | Belarus | 2:02.47 | +8.27 |
| 7 | 3 | i | Nils van der Poel | Sweden | 2:02.84 | +8.64 |
| 8 | 7 | i | Vasiliy Pudushkin | Russia | 2:03.08 | +8.88 |
| 9 | 6 | i | Magnus Myhren Kristensen | Norway | 2:03.27 | +9.07 |
| 10 | 3 | o | Mikhail Kazelin | Russia | 2:03.42 | +9.22 |
| 11 | 5 | i | Peter Lenderink | Netherlands | 2:04.04 | +9.84 |
| 12 | 2 | o | Toshihiro Kakui | Japan | 2:05.02 | +10.82 |
| 13 | 4 | o | Manuel Vogl | Austria | 2:05.32 | +11.12 |
| 14 | 2 | i | Henrik Fagerli Rukke | Norway | 2:05.70 | +11.50 |
| 15 | 8 | i | Arthur Iwaniszyn | Poland | 2:07.94 | +13.74 |
| 16 | 1 | i | Niklas Kamphausen | Germany | 2:09.14 | +14.94 |
# Elizabeth Fink

Elizabeth Marsha Fink (June 7, 1945 – September 22, 2015) was an American civil rights and criminal defense attorney. She is most prominently associated with lawsuits concerning the Attica Prison riots. A class action suit she filed in 1974, against prison guards for torture and abuse during the riot, was settled in 2000, awarding $12 million to inmates.

## Education

Fink was born in Brooklyn to Bernard Fink, a lawyer, and Sylvia Caplan Fink, an anti-nuclear weapon activist and an elder rights activist for the Gray Panthers. She was named after Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, one of the founders of the American Civil Liberties Union. Her older brother, Larry Fink, is a photographer. She graduated from Reed College in 1967 and Brooklyn Law School in 1973.

## Legal work

Fink was a founder and senior partner at the Law Office of Elizabeth M. Fink, a civil rights, prisoner rights and criminal defense firm in Brooklyn, New York. The Attica lawsuit consumed much of her time until 2000, when prisoners won a $12 million judgment from the state of New York but received neither an apology nor admission of responsibility from the state.
Fink has also represented other prisoners and political radicals. In 1989, she and others secured acquittals for members of the Ohio 7, political radicals who were charged under a federal seditious conspiracy statute.
Along with attorneys Sarah Kunstler (Kunstler's father, William Kunstler, had long been a mentor of Fink) and Jesse Berman, Fink represented Osama Awadallah, a Palestinian college student studying in the United States, who was arrested as a material witness in the days following the September 11, 2001 attacks and prosecuted for alleged perjury before the grand jury investigating the terrorist attacks. Awadallah was acquitted in November 2006.
Also in 2006, Fink represented Lynne Stewart during sentencing after Stewart's conviction for violating special communication measures involving client Sheik Omar Abdel Rahman. Fink secured a sentence of 28 months, but that was later increased to ten years.
Fink represented Jeremy Hammond, who was convicted in 2013 for the Stratfor email leak.
Fink was a member of a team of attorneys who represented Ahmed Ferhani, who was accused of plotting to blow up synagogues and churches in Manhattan, New York. Fink argued that Ferhani had been entrapped by law enforcement authorities, but Ferhani in 2012 pleaded guilty to terrorism conspiracy and weapons possession charges.
Fink died of a heart attack on September 22, 2015 in New York City, at the age of 70.

## Ghosts of Attica

Fink and her paralegal Frank Smith, an inmate leader at the time of the riots, were featured in the 2001 Court TV documentary Ghosts of Attica, which tells the story of the Attica uprising and subsequent lawsuits by Attica inmates. Ghosts received a 2002 Dupont-Columbia University Award for Journalistic Excellence.
# Fox Ridge, South Dakota

Fox Ridge is a ghost town in Meade County, in the U.S. state of South Dakota. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.

## History

A post office called Fox Ridge was established in 1911, and remained in operation until 1940. The town had the name of Fox, an Indian outlaw who was killed at a nearby ridge.
# Gelechia clopica

Gelechia clopica is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Argentina.
# Deborah Harry Collection

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Deborah Harry Collection is a compilation album of recordings by Deborah Harry, released by Dutch budget price label Disky Communications in 1998.
Deborah Harry Collection was re-issued with new artwork by EMI's mid-price label EMI Gold under the title French Kissin' - The Collection in 2004.
# Sirețel

Sirețel is a commune in Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Berezlogi, Humosu, Satu Nou, Slobozia and Sirețel.
# Statue of Standing Bear

In 2019, the U.S. state of Nebraska donated a bronze sculpture of Standing Bear by Benjamin Victor to the National Statuary Hall Collection. The statue is installed in the United States Capitol's National Statuary Hall, in Washington, D.C.
The statue of Standing Bear replaced a statue of William Jennings Bryan by Rudulph Evans, which was similarly donated to the National Statuary Hall Collection in 1937, but relocated in 2019 to the Nebraska National Guard Museum in Seward, Nebraska.

## Background

Standing Bear (Ponca official orthography: Maⁿchú-Naⁿzhíⁿ/Macunajin) was forcibly relocated with the Ponca tribe from their lands in Nebraska to the Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) in 1878. His first son Bear Shield died at the reservation, so Standing Bear set out with several others to bury his son's remains at his birthplace in Nebraska. The group was arrested and detained by Brigadier General George Crook at Fort Omaha for having left the reservation without permission from the U.S. government. Standing Bear brought a legal case in the U.S. District Court in Omaha, but the U.S. government argued that as a Native American "Indian", he was not a "person" under the meaning of the law. In United States ex rel. Standing Bear v. Crook, Judge Elmer Dundy ruled on 12 May 1879 that "an Indian is a PERSON", and ordered the group to be released.

## Description

The bronze statue stands over 9 ft (2.7 m) high, on a low black granite pedestal. The subject is portrayed in traditional Native American clothing, with an eagle feather in his hair, a necklace of bear claws and two large Indian Peace Medals, and a pipe tomahawk in his left hand. The right hand is outstretched, to emphasize words spoken at the trial in May 1897 through his interpreter Susette La Flesche: "My hand is not the color of yours, but if I pierce it, I shall feel pain. If you pierce your hand, you also feel pain. The blood that will flow from mine will be the same color as yours. The same god made us both. I am a man."
The front of the pedestal bears the inscription: "NEBRASKA/ CHIEF STANDING BEAR/ Manchú-Nanzhín/ c. 1829–1908", with quotations from Standing Bear's statement to the court inscribed on the sides.
There are two other bronze statues by Benjamin Victor in the National Statuary Hall Collection: a statue of Sarah Winnemucca donated by Nevada in 2005, and a statue of Norman Borlaug donated by Iowa in 2014.
# Dermot Malone

Dermot Malone is a former Irish Gaelic footballer, formerly for Monaghan county football team and Castleblayney Faughs. He is now a sales executive.

## Career

Malone is from Blackhill. He played for the Monaghan Under U14s and U21s, and debuted in the senior Monaghan team in 2010.
Malone played in the Monaghan Ulster Senior final wins in both 2013 and 2015. He was the man of the match when Monaghan defeated Galway at the end of the Super 8s in 2018, taking the team to the All Ireland Semi Final against Tyrone. He put in his last appearance for Monaghan in the 2022 Ulster Senior final loss to Tyrone at Croke Park.
He retired from inter-county football due to injury in January 2022. In September 2022, he was selected as a minor manager for Monaghan.
# Sphinginae

The Sphinginae are a subfamily of the hawkmoths (Sphingidae), moths of the order Lepidoptera. The subfamily was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1802. Notable taxa include the pink-spotted hawkmoth (Agrius cingulata), being a very common and recognizable species, the death's-head hawkmoths (Acherontia species) of Silence of the Lambs fame, and Xanthopan morganii with its enormous proboscis.

## Systematics

* Tribe Acherontiini
* Tribe Sphingini
# Cecilia (Refice opera)

Cecilia is a 1934 sacred opera by Licinio Refice to a libretto by Emidio Mucci. At the premiere in Rome in February 1934 Claudia Muzio sung the role of Cecilia. The Act 3 aria "Grazie sorelle" has since been recorded by several sopranos including Renata Tebaldi in 1955, and Hera Hyesang Park in 2024.

## Roles

* L’Angelo di Dio (soprano)
* Cecilia (soprano)
* Valeriano (tenor)
* Tiburzio / Amachio: (baritone)
* La vecchia cieca (mezzo-soprano)
* Il Vescovo Urbano (bass)
* Un liberto/un neofita: (tenor)
* A slave (baritone)

## Discography

* 1973 live, abridged - Renata Scotto (St Cecilia), Harry Theyard (Valerian), George Fourié (Almachis) directed Angelo Campori VAI 73 minutes
* 2015 Denia Mazzola Gavazzeni (soprano), Fabrizio Mercurio, Pilade Carrai, Corrado Cappitta (baritone), Giuseppe Veneziano (tenor), Kulli Tomingas (mezzo-soprano), Riccardo Ristori (baritone), Serena Pasquini Orchestra Filarmonica Italiana, Coro la Camerata di Cremona, Marco Fracassi Bongiovanni 2CD 2 hours 6 minutes
* live 2022 Elena Schirru, Marta Mari, Mickael Spadaccini, Leon Kim, Orchestra del Teatro Lirico di Cagliari, Giuseppe Grazioli. Dynamic, 2CD 1 hour 53 minutes
# DWAC

DWAC may refer to:
* DWAC-FM, a radio station in Naga, Philippines
* DWAC-TV, a television station in Manila, Philippines
* Digital World Acquisition Corp., a special-purpose acquisition company that eventually merged with Trump Media & Technology Group
* Devil Without a Cause, a 1998 album by Kid Rock or its title track
# Foveades

Foveades is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1908.

## Species

* Foveades aroensis Bethune-Baker, 1908 New Guinea, Queensland
* Foveades bisectalis (Wileman, 1915) Formosa
* Foveades squamata (Hampson, 1918) Louisiade Archipelago
# Gelechia delapsa

Gelechia delapsa is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Brazil.
# Richard Mollier

Richard Mollier (German:; 30 November 1863, Triest – 13 March 1935, Dresden) was a German professor of Applied Physics and Mechanics in Göttingen and Dresden, a pioneer of experimental research in thermodynamics, particularly for water, steam, and moist air.
Mollier diagrams (enthalpy-entropy charts) are routinely used by engineers in the design work associated with power plants (fossil or nuclear), compressors, steam turbines, refrigeration systems, and air conditioning equipment to visualize the working cycles of thermodynamic systems.
The Mollier diagram of enthalpy of moist air versus its water vapor content (h–x diagram) is equivalent to the Psychrometrics Chart commonly used in the US and Britain.

## Education and career

After attending Gymnasium (grammar school) in Triest, he commenced studies in mathematics and physics at the university of Graz (Austria), continuing at the Technical University of Munich. He presented his first publications as an outside lecturer for Theoretical Mechanics. After a short stint in Göttingen, he succeeded Gustav Zeuner in 1897 as Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Technischen Hochschule Dresden. His 1904 publication New Graphs for Technical Thermodynamics greatly simplified calculations involving thermodynamic processes. His New Tables and Diagrams for Water Vapor, first published in 1906, appeared in six further editions through 1932, as he updated it to reflect new developments.

## Honors

At the 1923 Thermodynamics Conference held in Los Angeles, it was decided to name, in his honor, as a “Mollier graph” any thermodynamic diagram using the Enthalpy h as one of its axes. Example: the h–s graph for steam or the h–x graph for moist air.

## Publications

* Die Entropie der Wärme (The Entropy of Heat) 1895
* Dampftafeln und Diagramme des Kohlendioxid (Vapor Tables and Diagrams for Carbon Dioxide) 1896
* Neue Diagramme zur Technischen Wärmelehre (New Graphs for Technical Thermodynamics) 1904
* Neue Tabellen und Diagramme für Wasserdampf (New Tables and Diagrams for Water Vapor) Berlin 1906
# Fynbos golden mole

The fynbos golden mole (Amblysomus corriae) is a species of mammal in the golden mole family, Chrysochloridae. It is endemic to South Africa.
Its natural habitats are fynbos vegetation, temperate forests, shrubland, and grassland, subtropical or tropical lowland moist forest and dry grassland, moist savanna, sandy shores, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, and urban areas.
# Free (Kierra Sheard album)

Free is the fourth album and first live recording from American contemporary gospel singer Kierra Sheard. It was released 18 October 2011 by Karew Records, under exclusive license to EMI Gospel. Originally scheduled for a 12 July 2011 release, the album was leaked and subsequently pushed back and reformatted with a different track listing. The album features Sheard's BRL Choir (Bold Right Life) Choir.

## Reviews

"Kierra Sheard's Free features a mix of studio and live-in-Chicago material with a full band and her BRL Choir, all produced by her brother, J. Drew Sheard II. It’s Sheard’s boldest and most diverse album yet. There are the expected modern contemporary gospel sounds, while a few songs incorporate other styles, including pop-R&B (à la Bold Right Life's "Wave Your Banner"), dance-pop, and even hard rock, with remarkable ease and power. This would not be so effective if Sheard wasn't in top, hefty-yet-flexible form." – Andy Kellman, AllMusic

## Track listing

* "Intro (I Am Free)"
* "WAR"
* "Mighty"
* "You Are"
* "Interlude"
* "Desire"
* "Free"
* "Indescribable"
* "People (featuring S.O.M.)"
* "Victory (featuring James Fortune)"
* "Believers Evolved"
* "Back 2 Earth"
* "Lane (featuring JDS)"
* "Since I Found Christ (featuring Mali Music & JDS)"
* "Ready To Go (iTunes Exclusive)”
# Proterocameroceras

Proterocameroceras is an early Endocerid from the upper Lower Ordovician belong to the Proterocameroceratidae, characterized by a rather large, straight, longiconic shell, short chambers, generally straight sutures, and large ventral siphuncle with short septal necks, thick complex connecting rings, and endocones with three endosiphuncular blades toward the apex.
Proterocameroceas has been found in N America, Greenland, Siberia, and Australia
# Sphingius scutatus

Sphingius scutatus, is a species of spiders of the genus Sphingius. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
# Nokia Xseries

The Nokia Xseries is a line of mobile phones from Nokia introduced in September 2009 as the successor of the XpressMusic series. It was targeted towards a young audience, and are more focused on music and entertainment with special dedicated keys, inbuilt storage and other facilities. The X2-02, released in January 2012, was the last handset of the series.
In May 2018, HMD Global launched the new Nokia X6 on the Chinese market but not officially classified it as new member of Xseries. In April 2021, the Xseries reintroduced as the highest tier smartphone series of the brand with the launch of Nokia X10 and Nokia X20.

## List of devices
### Series 30 mobile phones

* Nokia X1-00
* Nokia X1-01

### Series 40 mobile phones

* Nokia X2-00
* Nokia X2-01
* Nokia X2-02
* Nokia X2-05
* Nokia X3-00
* Nokia X3 Touch and Type (or Nokia X3-02)

### Symbian smartphones

* Nokia X5-00
* Nokia X5-01
* Nokia X6-00
* Nokia X7-00

### Android smartphones

* Nokia X10
* Nokia X20
* Nokia XR20
* Nokia X30
# Phikkal
## Phikkal or Fikkal may refer to

* Phikkal Rural Municipality, a rural municipality in Sindhuli District, Bagmati Province, Nepal
* Phikkal Bazar, a settlement in Suryodaya Municipality, Province No. 1, Nepal
# Cercas

Cercas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alejandro Cercas (born 1949), Spanish politician
* Javier Cercas (born 1962), Spanish writer and professor
# Richard Pieris & Company

Richard Pieris and Company (ARPICO) established in 1940 it is one of Sri Lanka's largest conglomerates with interests in manufacturing, engineering, retail and plantation industries. It is a pioneer in the tyre, plantation and rubber industries of Sri Lanka. With a staff strength of more than 25,000, the company's major brands include Arpitec, Arpidag and Arpico.

## History

The company was founded in 1932 as a partnership initially dealing with the plantation and tire industries. Initially it started as a family business. The founder member of the company Mr Richard Pieris. Since then it has diversified into the areas of manufacturing, pumps, retail and engineering sectors. The company also pioneered the concept of hypermarkets in Sri Lanka through their 'Arpico Super Centre' chain. Today the company has more than 1000 retail outlets including dealerships and factories islandwide.

### Ownership Change

The Pieris family's stake in Richard Pieris as well as other large blocks of the company's shares were acquired by Dr Sena Yaddehige and related parties in a hard-fought take over in 2002–2004.

## Industry sectors
### Rubber

The company is engaged in the manufacture of moulded, extruded and foam rubber both for the export and domestic markets. Major markets include North America, Europe and the Middle East. The division conforms to ISO 9002 standards.

### Tires

Richard Piries Company is the market leader and the pioneer in the tyre Retread industry of Sri Lanka and commands a market share of nearly 60%. In addition to that, it has become the largest Retreader in the whole of South Asia which is a remarkable achievement for a Sri Lankan company. The company is associated with Bandag Corporation – USA and Birla Group India.

### Plantations

The group is one of the largest players in the plantation industry with ownership of major plantation companies including Maskeliya Plantations PLC, Namunukula Plantations PLC and Kegalle Plantations PLC. The sector employs more than 24,000 people combined.

### Retail

With its retail arm ‘Arpico Supercentre’ the company is the largest retailer of general household products in Sri Lanka. The company pioneered the concept of Hypermarkets in Sri Lanka. The company also operates medium-scale supermarkets under the brand name 'Arpico Daily'.
# Fynch

Fynch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Martin Fynch (c. 1628–1698), English ejected minister
* Vincent Fynch (disambiguation), multiple people
# Freethiel Stadion

Freethiel Stadion is a multi-use stadium in Beveren, Belgium. The Freethiel Stadium, also known as the Freethiel for short, is the football stadium where the Belgian football club SK Beveren (formerly known as Waasland-Beveren) plays its home games. The stadium was originally played by KSK Beveren, when that club temporarily stopped their men's team in 2010, Waasland-Beveren took its place. The whole complex includes 10 football fields and a fitness hall. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium's name (Freethiel) is a contraction of the name Frederik Thielemans, the man who owned a cycling-track in the Klapperstraat, but made it available to the football club when it was established. The stadium is located in the Klapperstraat in Beveren, and has a capacity of 8,190

## Owner of the Freethiel Stadium

The owner of the Freethiel Stadium is the municipality of Beveren, which leaves its use and maintenance to Waasland-Beveren, which replaced KSK Beveren in 2010. On Saturday, September 14, after an agreement with Waasland-Beveren, KSK Beveren played an official match at the Freethiel against neighbor Svelta Melsele for the first time in 12 years. More than a thousand spectators saw KSK Beveren win 1-0.
# Robert Stanley

Robert Stanley may refer to:
* Robert Stanley (MP) (died 1632), member of parliament (MP) for Lancashire
* Robert Christopher Stafford Stanley (1899–1983), governor of the Solomon Islands (1953–1955)
* Robert H. Stanley (1881–1942), American sailor and Medal of Honor recipient
* Robert Stanley (aviator) (1912–1977), American test pilot and engineer
* Robert Crooks Stanley (1876-1951), American metallurgist and industrialist
* Robert C. Stanley (1918–1996), American artist known for his paperback book covers
* Bob Stanley (baseball) (born 1954), American baseball pitcher
* Bob Stanley (musician) (born 1964), British musician
* Mike Stanley (Robert Michael Stanley, born 1963), American baseball catcher
* Robert Stanley (Australian politician) (1847–1918), Australian politician
* Robert Stanley (mayor) (1828–1911), British mayor and businessman