OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Contraflexure

In solid mechanics, a point along a beam under a lateral load is known as a point of contraflexure if the bending moment about the point equals zero. In a bending moment diagram, it is the point at which the bending moment curve intersects with the zero line (i.e. where the bending moment reverses direction along the beam). Knowing the place of the contraflexure is especially useful when designing reinforced concrete or structural steel beams and also for designing bridges.
Flexural reinforcement may be reduced at this point. However, to omit reinforcement at the point of contraflexure entirely is inadvisable as the actual location is unlikely to realistically be defined with confidence. Additionally, an adequate quantity of reinforcement should extend beyond the point of contraflexure to develop bond strength and to facilitate shear force transfer.
# Bruce Grounds

Bruce Grounds or Bruce Park was a baseball ground located in Broad Ripple, Indianapolis, Indiana. The ground was home to the Indianapolis Hoosiers of the American Association in 1884. It was also used for Sunday games by the Indianapolis Hoosiers of the National League in 1887.
The ball field was located at Bruce (now 23rd) Street and College Avenue. The National League club's primary home was Tinker Park. They staged Sunday games at the old AA park, which was outside the city limits at that time, due to blue laws. The club did not draw well at the site because it was too far from the city center. Sunday games during 1888 and 1889 were held at Indianapolis Park.
The ballpark site is now occupied by residential and commercial buildings.
# Nikolay Mikhaylov

Nikolay Mikhaylov may refer to:
* Nikolay Mikhaylov (ice hockey) (born 1948), Bulgarian ice hockey player
* Nikolay Mikhaylov (conductor) (1932–2006), Soviet military conductor
* Nikolai Mikhailov (politician) (1906–1982), Russian Soviet politician, journalist and diplomat
# Doros Complex

Doros Complex is a differentiated igneous intrusion in the Damaraland region of Namibia. It lies to the northwest of the country's highest peak, Brandberg Mountain. It is regarded as one of the finest and best viewed examples of a differentiated complex in Southern Africa.
The gabbroic lopolith intrusion is about 17 km$^2$ in area with a thickness of 500 m. The Doros Complex has intruded sediments of the Karoo Sequence, from which it is separated by sharp contacts.
# George Alden

George Alden may refer to:
* George I. Alden (1843–1926), American mechanical engineer and academic innovator
* George J. Alden (fl. 1860), Florida state senator
# Nosema locustae

Nosema locustae is a microsporidium fungus that is used to kill grasshoppers, caterpillars, some corn borers and crickets.

## Effects on grasshoppers

When consumed, N. locustae affects the digestive system of a grasshopper through a buildup in the gut, eventually killing it by creating lethargy and a lack of appetite; it is also transferable from a deceased infected grasshopper that is consumed. In a study done at Linköping University using N. locustae and a central Ethiopian grasshopper species, 55% of the grasshoppers that were not inoculated reached adulthood, while only 19% of the ones that were inoculated did.

## Farm Application

The spores are typically applied to a carrier, usually wheat bran, and can be spread through the use of a variety of devices. Typical application is one pound per acre, at a rate of 1 billion plus spores.
# Charles Pilkington (cricketer, born 1876)

Charles Carlisle Pilkington (13 December 1876 – 8 January 1950) was an English cricketer active from 1895 to 1919 who played for Lancashire, Middlesex and Oxford University. He was born in Woolton, Liverpool, educated at Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford, and died in South Warnborough, Hampshire. He appeared in 13 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. He scored 468 runs with a highest score of 86 and held six catches. He took nine wickets with a best analysis of three for 70.
# Montalvo (Constância)

Montalvo is a parish (freguesia) in the municipality of Constância in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 1,275, in an area of 12.81 km$^2$.
# Contradusta walkeri

Contradusta walkeri is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

## Subspecies

* Contradusta walkeri continens (Iredale, 1935)
* Contradusta walkeri surabajensis Schilder, F.A., 1937
* Contradusta walkeri walkeri (Sowerby I, 1832)

## Description

The shells of these common cowries reach on average 19–23 millimetres (0.75–0.91 in)of length, with a minimum size of 14 millimetres (0.55 in) and a maximum size of 39 millimetres (1.5 in). The shape is usually oval, the dorsum surface is smooth and shiny, the basic color is pale brown, with a wide dark brown trasversal band and some small irregular brown patches on the top. The margins are white, with several brown dots. The base may be white, purple or cream and the wide and sinuous aperture shows long labial teeth. The interior of the shell may be purple. In the living cowries the mantle is transparent, with short sensorial papillae.
| A shell of Contradusta walkeri from Philippines, dorsal view, anterior end towards the right | A shell of Contradusta walkeri from Philippines, lateral view, anterior end towards the right | A shell of Contradusta walkeri from Philippines, ventral view, anterior end towards the left | A shell of Contradusta walkeri ssp. surabajensis from Japan |

## Distribution

This species is distributed in the Red Sea, in the Indian Ocean along the Seychelles, in the West Pacific along South East Asia, the Philippines, Melanesia and Australia.

## Habitat

They live in tropical subtidal waters and in continental shelf at about 5–25 metres (16–82 ft) of depth, usually on coral reef or under rocks.
# Buddleja salviifolia

Buddleja salviifolia, common names sage bush and sagewood, is endemic to much of southern and eastern Africa, from Kenya and Angola south, where it grows on rocky hillsides, along forest margins and watercourses. The species was described and named by Lamarck in 1792.

## Description

Buddleja salviifolia is a large, semi-evergreen shrub, multi-stemmed, with untidy, drooping branches, typically reaching a height of 4 – 8 m. The bark is grey-brown and stringy. The shoots are quadrangular in section, and covered with a dense reddish-brown indumentum. The distinctive leaves, with their rugose upper surfaces, bear a resemblance to those of sage, hence the specific epithet. The leaf is sessile to shortly petiolate, the blade narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, long acuminate to an acute apex, and cordate at the base. The inflorescences are terminal conical panicles approximately 12 × 8 cm, with occasional auxiliary heads appearing in autumn. The flowers range in colour from white, through cream and mauve to purple; the corollas relatively short, at just 4 mm. However, the most striking feature of the flowers is considered to be their scent, judged by some to the best of all the buddlejas, and even bearing comparison with Chanel perfume. Hardiness: USDA zone 8.

## Cultivation

The species is relatively common in cultivation; moderately frost hardy and tolerant of dry soils, it is grown in the UK, however its large size and ungainly habit, in the worst buddleja 'bent hatstand' tradition, render it a choice for the larger garden only. Several specimens form part of the NCCPG national collection held by Longstock Park Nursery, near Stockbridge in Hampshire. Occasionally in the UK and France it is mislabelled Buddleja myriantha, a dissimilar Chinese species.

## Uses

Decoctions of the plant are believed to have various medicinal benefits in its native lands. The wood, hard and heavy, has traditionally been used for assegais and fishing rods. Otherwise, it is used as fuel, and for hedging.
# List of Lithuanian football transfers winter 2017–18

This is a list of transfers in Lithuanian football for the 2017–18 winter transfer window. Only confirmed moves featuring an A Lyga side are listed.
The winter transfer window opens on January 1, 2018, and will close on February 25, 2018. Deals may be signed at any given moment in the season, but the actual transfer may only take place during the transfer window. Unattached players may sign at any moment.

## Transfers In

| Date | Name | Moving from | Moving to | Type | Source |
| 1 December 2017 | Saulius Klevinskas | Vilniaus Vytis | Sūduva | Free | |
| 12 December 2017 | Arūnas Klimavičius | Trakai | Jonava | Free | |

## Transfers Out

| Date | Name | Moving from | Moving to | Type |
| 5 November 2017 | Erlandas Duršlikas | Trakai | – | Death |
| 9 November 2017 | Tomas Snapkauskas | Stumbras | Free Market | Released |
| 9 November 2017 | Lukas Artimavičius | Stumbras | Free Market | Released |
| 9 November 2017 | Klaidas Janonis | Stumbras | Free Market | Released |
| 9 November 2017 | Donatas Konikas | Stumbras | Free Market | Released |
| 9 November 2017 | Aldas Korsakas | Stumbras | Free Market | Released |
| 22 November 2017 | Marjan Altiparmakovski | Sūduva | Free Market | Released |
| 22 November 2017 | Marius Činikas | Sūduva | Free Market | Released |
| 22 November 2017 | Karolis Chvedukas | Sūduva | Free Market | Released |
| 22 November 2017 | Deividas Šešplaukis | Sūduva | Free Market | Released |
| 30 November 2017 | Bahrudin Atajić | Žalgiris | Free Market | Released |
| 30 November 2017 | Mahamane Traoré | Žalgiris | Free Market | Released |
| 30 November 2017 | Matija Ljujić | Žalgiris | Free Market | Released |
| 30 November 2017 | Kaja Rogulj | Žalgiris | Free Market | Released |
| 6 December 2017 | Abdul Basit | Stumbras | Eleven Wonders | Undisclosed |
| 7 December 2017 | Paulius Janušauskas | Sūduva | Panevėžys | Free |

## Trials

Only following cases apply to this category:
* Player was on trial in A Lyga club, but haven't joined any club of the league;
* Player from the league was away in any other club for a trial, but wasn't sold, loaned out or released to another club in this transfer window.
| Date | Name | Moving from | Moving to | Type |
| 17 November 2017 | Vilius Armalas | Stumbras | Braga | Trial |
| 27 November 2017 | Renato Gomes | Stumbras | Internacional | Trial |
| 9 December 2017 | Vilius Armalas | Stumbras | Perugia | Trial |

## Staff

| Date | Name | Position | Moving from | Moving to |
| 8 November 2017 | Sergejus Slyva | President | Stumbras | Free Market |
| 19 November 2017 | Vladimir Tunkin | Assistant Coach | Free Market | Atlantas |
| 24 November 2017 | Aleksandr Brazevich | Head Coach | Žalgiris | Free Market |
| 27 November 2017 | Aurelijus Skarbalius | Head Coach | Utenis | Žalgiris |
| 12 December 2017 | Andrius Skerla | Assistant Coach | Žalgiris | Free Market |
# Kharoo

Kharoo is a village in the Leh district in the union territory of Ladakh, India. It is located in the Kharu tehsil.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Kharoo has 42 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 66.45%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 167 | 77 | 90 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 15 | 7 | 8 |
| Scheduled caste | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Scheduled tribe | 167 | 77 | 90 |
| Literates | 101 | 53 | 48 |
| Workers (all) | 89 | 47 | 42 |
| Main workers (total) | 49 | 44 | 5 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 19 | 19 | 0 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 29 | 24 | 5 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 40 | 3 | 37 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 17 | 1 | 16 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 23 | 2 | 21 |
| Non-workers | 78 | 30 | 48 |
# Doroshenkoa

Doroshenkoa is a monotypic genus of crickets in the tribe Gryllini. The only species is Doroshenkoa cambodiensis from Cambodia.
# Charles Sawyer

Charles Sawyer may refer to:
* Charles E. Sawyer (1860–1924), personal physician to President Warren G. Harding
* Charles Henry Sawyer (photographer) (1868–1954), American painter and photographer
* Charles H. Sawyer (politician) (1840–1908), governor of New Hampshire
* Charles H. Sawyer (neuroendocrinologist) (1915–2006), American neuroendocrinologist
* Charles J. Sawyer (1876–1931), London bookseller
* Charles Manville Sawyer (1876–1950), first governor (president) of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
* Charles Sawyer (sportsman) (1856–1921), English cricketer and rugby union footballer
* Charles W. Sawyer (pilot), American World War II fighter ace
* Charles W. Sawyer (1887–1979), Secretary of Commerce during the administration of President Harry S. Truman; U.S. ambassador to Belgium and Luxembourg
* Charles B. Sawyer, inventor of the commercial quartz crystal manufacturing process
# George Alcorn

George Alcorn may refer to:
* George Edward Alcorn Jr. (born 1940), American physicist, engineer, inventor, and professor
* George Oscar Alcorn (1850–1930), Canadian lawyer and politician
# Norval Baptie

Norval Baptie (March 18, 1879 – November 26, 1966) was a World record holding speed skater, a champion figure skater, and pioneering ice showman. He was inducted into the Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1963., and was one of the two charter members of the Ice Skating Institute Hall of Fame in the same year.
Born in Bethany, Ontario, he grew up in Bathgate, North Dakota, United States. By the age of 14 he was the North Dakota speed skating champion. In 1897, he challenged World champion Jack McCulloch to a race, and easily won. Over his career, he won almost 5000 races and lost one. He shattered every amateur and professional speed skating record.
After his speed skating career, Baptie moved into stunt and figure skating. He set new records for broad jump, skating backwards, jumping over barrels, and even skating on stilts. Baptie began doing solo exhibition shows, which eventually evolved into the World's first ice shows. In the 1930s, he directed shows that featured Sonja Henie, a champion figure skater.
Baptie was also influential in the design of skates. He helped design the tubular racing skate and eliminated the curled figure skating blade.
In 1938, Baptie retired from the ice. However, he became a professional coach and was listed as a member of the American Skaters Guild in 1940. He continued to coach even after losing both legs from complications from diabetes. He was the Grandfather of noted figure skating coach, Betty Berens, and Great-grandfather of Ice Follies Star Susan Berens.
# Charles Pimlott

Charles Robert Pimlott (born 25 February 1979) is an English barrister and a former first-class cricketer.
Pimlott was born at Stockport and was educated at Stockport Grammar School, before going up to Downing College, Cambridge to study law. While at Cambridge he made his debut in first-class cricket for Cambridge University against Lancashire at Fenner's in 1999. He made six first-class appearances for Cambridge in 1999, alongside four in 2000. He also played in one first-class match for the British Universities cricket team in 2000, against the touring Zimbabweans. Across his eleven appearances at first-class level, Pimlott scored 72 runs with a high score of 31 not out, alongside 17 wickets with his right-arm fast-medium bowling, taken at an average of 34.47, with best figures of 3 for 10. He played briefly for Lincolnshire in minor counties cricket, making one appearance against the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board in the 2001 MCCA Knockout Trophy.
After graduating from Cambridge, Pimlott was called to the bar in 2001 as a member of the Middle Temple. He currently practices as a barrister specialising in construction and energy disputes, insurance, professional negligence, and commercial litigation.
# Monroe Township, Harrison County, Ohio

Monroe Township is one of the fifteen townships of Harrison County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 1,095 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the northwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Orange Township, Carroll County - north
* Perry Township, Carroll County - northeast
* North Township - east
* Stock Township - southeast
* Franklin Township - south
* Mill Township, Tuscarawas County - southwest
* Union Township, Tuscarawas County - northwest
The village of Bowerston is located in northeastern Monroe Township.

## Name and history

It is one of twenty-two Monroe Townships statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# HLA-B5

HLA-B5 (B5) is an HLA-B serotype. B5 is a broad antigen serotype that recognizes the B51 and B52 split antigen serotypes.

## Serotype

B5, B51, B52 serotype recognition of some HLA B*51 and B*52 allele-group gene products :
| B*51 | B51 | B5 | B52 | Sample |
| allele | % | % | % | size (N) |
| 5101 | 96 | 1 | 5 | 1899 |
| 5102 | 73 | 3 | 6 | 218 |
| 5104 | 83 | 17 | | 6 |
| B*52 | B52 | B5 | B51 | Sample |
| allele | % | % | % | size (N) |
| 5201 | 82 | 2 | 7 | 2823 |
# Buddleja soratae

Buddleja soratae is a rare species endemic to one small area of Bolivia around Sorata, growing along forest edges at altitudes of 2,700 – 3,200 m; it was first described and named by Kraenzlin in 1913.

## Description

Buddleja soratae is a dioecious shrub or small tree 5–6 m high. The younger branches are quadrangular, the youngest sections tomentose, bearing membranaceous lanceolate to elliptic leaves with 0.5–1 cm petioles, and are 7–14 cm long by 2–4 cm wide, glabrescent above but tomentose below. The orange leafy-bracted inflorescences are 12–15 cm long by 10–15 cm wide, comprising 2–3 orders of branches bearing cymes of 6–9 flowers on peduncles 0.5–1 cm long.
Buddleja soratae is considered very similar to B. cardanasii and B. multiceps, differing from the latter only in the shape of the leaves.

## Cultivation

The shrub is not known to be in cultivation.
# Electoral district of Springvale

The electoral district of Springvale was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria. It was replaced in 2002, by the electoral districts of Lyndhurst and Mulgrave.

## Members for Springvale

| Member | Party | Term |
| Norman Billing | Liberal | 1976–1979 |
| Kevin King | Labor | 1979–1983 |
| Eddie Micallef | Labor | 1983–1999 |
| Tim Holding | Labor | 1999–2002 |
# Dalea hallii

Dalea hallii, Hall's prairie clover or Hall's dalea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to east-central Texas. Pollinated by honey bees and bumble bees, it is a perennial reaching 20 cm (8 in).
# Mariemont

Mariemont may refer to:
* Mariemont, Ohio, planned community in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States
* Château of Mariemont, former hunting estate created in 1546 by Queen Mary of Hungary
# Marinicauda pacifica

Marinicauda pacifica is a Gram-negative and aerobic bacterium from the genus of Marinicauda which has been isolated from deep seawater.
# Chandrexa de Queixa

Chandrexa de Queixa is a municipality in the northeast of the province of Ourense, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Terra de Trives.
# Charles Saxton

Charles Saxton is the name of:
* Charles Saxton (sportsman) (1913–2001), New Zealand rugby and cricket player
* Charles T. Saxton (1846–1903), Lieutenant-Governor of New York

## Saxton Baronets

* Sir Charles Saxton, 1st Baronet (circa 1730–1808)
* Sir Charles Saxton, 2nd Baronet (1773–1838), MP for Malmesbury (UK Parliament constituency)
# Monkerai, New South Wales

Monkerai is a large rural area in the hills in the land between Dungog and Gloucester in Mid-Coast Council, in the Hunter Region, New South Wales, Australia.
Monkerai was traditionally timber and dairy country but in subsequent years has become grazing country. In 1981 the Tanelorn Music Festival was held on the property "Riverwood Downs" at Monkerai hosting 30,000 patrons. Riverwood Downs Mountain Valley Resort is now a major tourist resort and is the largest employer in the area.
Monkerai is in the foothills of World Heritage Barrington Tops and is surrounded by state forests and national parks, including the Black Bulga State Conservation Area. It boasts the following attractions - a public hall and a historic bridge.

## Heritage listings

Monkerai has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* 101 Main Road: Monkerai Bridge over Karuah River

## Historical records of Monkerai

The Greville's Post Office Directory of 1872 lists the following details for Monkerai
"Distance 142 miles North of Sydney. Mail closes at General Post Office Monday 5.30 p.m. Mail arrives at Post Town Wednesday 5 p.m. Mail leaves for Sydney Wednesday 10.30 a.m Mail arrives at Sydney Saturday evenings. Route Steamer to Raymond Terrace, coach Stroud, 15m. Monkerai; or via steamer Clarence Town, 18m. Monkerai."
| SURNAME | CHRISTIAN | OCCUPATION | ADDRESS |
| BARKWILL | William | farmer | Monkerai |
| BUGG | James | farmer | Monkerai |
| COWAN | Colin | farmer | Monkerai |
| COWAN | Donald | farmer | Monkerai |
| FORBES | William | farmer | Monkerai |
| FROST | James | grazier | Monkerai |
| GRANT | Robert | farmer | Monkerai |
| HIGGINS | Peter | farmer | Monkerai |
| MINNES | Roderick | farmer | Monkerai |
| MRAE | Donald | farmer | Monkerai |
| MRAE | Elizabeth | farmer | Monkerai |
| MRAE | Malcolm | farmer | Monkerai |
| MARTIN | John | farmer | Monkerai |
| MARTIN | Richard | sawyer | Monkerai |
| MARTIN | William | farmer | Monkerai |
| MOORE | Edward | farmer | Monkerai |
| MOORE | John | labourer | Monkerai |
| MOORE | William | farmer | Monkerai |
| MOSS | Miles | teacher | Monkerai |
| MUDDLE | John | labourer | Monkerai |
| RELTON | James | farmer | Monkerai |
| TITCUME | George | farmer | Monkerai |
| TITCUME | William | farmer | Monkerai |
| TOMS | John | farmer | Monkerai |
| WILKINSON | James | farmer | Monkerai |
The list shows 26 individuals or families residing officially in Monkerai in 1872. There is a Moores Rd and Moores Creek in Monkerai, which may be connected to the Edward, John or William Moore listed.
The James Bugg listed is the father of Mary Ann Bugg who lived occasionally in the area and is mostly known for her time spent as a bushranger and her relationship with Captain Thunderbolt.
# Conocarpus lancifolius

Conocarpus lancifolius, one of two species in the genus Conocarpus, is a tree in the family Combretaceae native to coastal and riverine areas of Somalia, Djibouti, and Yemen. It is found throughout the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South Asia.
The tree has no common name in English. In Somali, it is called qalab or dhamas; in Arabic, the name is damas. It is also commonly found in residential compounds in Dubai.

## Uses

The tree's wood is dense and suitable for charcoal. Goats use the young trees and shoots as fodder, although the leaves contain tannin. Because of its high salt tolerance and relative drought tolerance, the tree is sometimes planted as a pioneer species in reafforestation projects in its native habitat. The tree has a symmetrical growth habit and can easily be shaped into a variety of different forms. It can be shaped into short and tall hedges, and is effective for creating a visual or a noise barrier. With suitable plant spacing it can also be grown as a hardy single-stemmed tree which is good for shade. The tree has been extensively used in Karachi for landscaping along roads and by homeowners as a tall hedging tree for screening purposes. The tree thrives exceptionally well in the hot and dry climate of the city. The leaves of conocarpus lancifolius have an antidiabetic effect.