OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Founded in July 1985, the Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ERIRAS) was originally an outgrowth of the general energy department at Institute for High Temperatures RAS (IVTAN). The staff at the newly formed organization comprised professionals gathered from other scientific organizations. At the time of its creation, ERIRAS' challenge was to develop the basic content and quantitative substantiation for the Energy Program of the USSR. The first director of ERIRAS was Lev Aleksandrovich Milentyev, an Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. At present, Academician Aleksei Aleksandrovich Makarov is the director of the institute.
It is sanctioned.

## Organization

The Institute employs approximately 80 staff members. It comprises eight scientific departments:
* Laboratory for the study of the interconnections between economics and energy
* Laboratory for the study of the improvement of energy consumption and energy savings
* Laboratory for the modeling of energy markets
* Laboratory for research on the methodology of energy policy development
* Laboratory for the study of the regulation and development of oil and gas systems
* Laboratory for the study of the regulation and development of electricity and heat systems
* Laboratory for the study of the regulation and development of the coal industry
* Centre for the study of international energy markets

## Activities

The institute's mission is to find solutions to a wide range of contemporary challenges including: efficient energy production and consumption techniques to promote energy savings; appropriate pricing mechanisms for energy markets; and legislation, tax policy and other general issues related to domestic energy policy.
ERIRAS work is divided into the following research areas:
* the study of the regularities of energy development
* the modeling of energy development
* the theory and methods of energy system studies
* the creation of a scientific basis for energy policy and the mechanisms for its implementation
* the identification of the rational spheres and magnitudes of energy savings, and the mechanisms for energy saving policy implementation which take into consideration environmental concerns
* the study of the priorities in energy technical policy
* the identification of rational mechanisms for the regulation of energy development within a market framework, including primary legislation, pricing techniques, and tax and investment policy
* the forecasting of energy markets
* the creation of a scientific basis for the development of the oil & gas industry
* the creation of a scientific basis for the development of the energy sectors (electricity & heat)
* the creation of a scientific basis for the development of the coal industry
# Emerson Samuels

Emerson Augustus Samuels (22 August 1928 - 6 August 2003) was a prominent Guyanese graphic artist. He is perhaps best known for his portrait of Guyana President Forbes Burnham, completed in August 1984, which hangs in the Parliament Chamber.

## Biography

Emerson Samuels was born on 22 January 1928 in Nabacalis on the East Coast of Demerara, where he spent his childhood. He studied at the Golden Grove Methodist School, where one of his masters recognised his talent and helped him with drawing. When aged about 15 he travelled to Georgetown with a portfolio of his drawings to apply for work with the British Guiana Lithographic Company, and was hired as an apprentice. Here he learned the skills of offset printing and lithography, and learned technique from other artists with whom he worked. Around 1949 he joined the Guianese Art Group. Later he studied under Edward Rupert Burrowes at the Working People's Art Class (WPAC). In 1951 he won the WPAC's "Picture of the Year" award with his painting The Workers, which shows men at work on the new Lithographic Company building.
Samuels left the Lithographic Company in 1961, and obtained a position with the Ministry of Agriculture, where he illustrated various publications for farmers. He was seconded to the Ministry of Information, where he continued to work as an illustrator. then in 1973 joined the Ministry of Education. He worked with the Ministry of Education for over 25 years. He designed several commemorative stamps for the Guyana Post Office, including one showing Clive Lloyd, Guyana and West Indies cricket captain, one of Cuffy, the hero of the 1763 Guyanese slave revolt, and one to celebrate 100 years of teaching in Guyana. He illustrated many books for use in schools. He also taught part-time at the Burrowes School of Art until 1999.
Samuels continued to create paintings, including the Metamorphosis series in the late 1970s, always experimenting with different styles. Although his work was displayed in several group exhibitions, he never held a solo exhibition. The National Collection holds several of his works, including Self-portrait (1959), Untitled Abstract (1966), and Industrial Image and Forward Thrust, which won at the National Exhibitions of 1978 and 1982. His portrait of E R Burrowes hangs at the Burrowes School of Art. In 1997 the Guyana government gave Samuels the Golden Arrowhead of Achievement for his contributions to art. In 2003 he was Curriculum Artist Illustrator at the National Centre for Educational Research and Development (NCERD). While on vacation in New York, Emerson Samuels died at the Brookdale Medical Center in Brooklyn from a massive heart attack on 6 August 2003.
# Macarena Alexanderson

Macarena Alexanderson Álvarez (born 16 February 1972) is a Mexican diver. She competed in the women's 10 metre platform event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Milo Butler

Sir Milo Boughton Butler NH GCMG GCVO (11 August 1906 – 22 January 1979) was a Bahamian politician who served as the second governor-general of the Bahamas from 1973 to 1979. He died in office, aged 72.

## Early life and family

Butler was born in Nassau, The Bahamas on 11 August 1905 to George Raleigh Butler and his wife Frances. He attended the George Washington School in Florida, the public school at Rum Cay, and the Boys' Central School in Nassau. At age 17, Butler began his own grocery business. On 14 October 1928, Butler married Caroline Loretta Watson. They had seven sons and three daughters.

## Career and death

Butler entered electoral politics in 1936 as a member of the Progressive Liberal Party (PLP), when he unsuccessfully ran against Sir Harry Oakes in the Western District of New Providence. Although Butler was seen as a charismatic candidate who had the support of the working class voters, Oakes' team allegedly employed "questionable" means to win the election. The following year, Butler was elected to parliament following a by-election in the same constituency, relinquishing the office in 1947.
In 1956, after the government imposed a 12-minute limit on parliamentary speeches, Butler threw the Speaker's hourglass out of the window at the House of Assembly. He returned as a member of parliament for the Western District the same year, serving for a decade. From 1967 to 1973, he represented Bain Town.
After the PLP emerged victorious in the 1967 general election and formed a majority government, Butler became Minister of Health and Welfare followed by Minister of Labour, Agriculture and Fisheries a year later. In 1970, he was appointed as Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries, and in 1972 he became Minister without Portfolio. On 1 August 1973, Butler was appointed as the second Governor-General of the Bahamas by Queen Elizabeth II, on the recommendation of Lynden Pindling, Prime Minister of The Bahamas and leader of the PLP. He served as Governor General until his death on 22 January 1979 in Nassau.
Butler is buried at the cemetery next to the nineteenth-century St. Matthew's Anglican Church on Church and Shirley Streets.
On 14 November 1991, his son Milo Butler Jr. became Speaker of Parliament.

## Recognition

In June 1972, Butler was honoured as a National Hero of the Bahamas following a Special Resolution by the Honourable House of Assembly. In 1973, he was appointed as a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) by Queen Elizabeth II. In February 1975, following the Queen's visit to Nassau, he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO). A bronze statue of Butler designed by Bahamian sculptor Randolph Johnson was unveiled on 22 January 1986 at Rawson Square in downtown Nassau. In 2018, he was posthumously awarded the Bahamian Order of National Hero (NH).
# Crookham

Crookham may refer to:
* Crookham, Berkshire
* Crookham, Northumberland
* Church Crookham, Hampshire
* Crookham Village, Hampshire
* Greenham and Crookham Commons

## Surname

* Charles Crookham (1923–2004), American lawyer and judge from Oregon
* J. A. L. Crookham (1817–1901), American politician and judge from Iowa
# Georges Marrane

Georges Marrane (20 January 1888, Louviers, Eure – 27 August 1976) was a French politician. He was the candidate of the French Communist Party for the presidential election of 1958.

## Life and career

Marrane became the first Communist mayor of the northern city of Ivry in 1925. He remained in this elected position for forty years, except for the occupied period during World War II, until his retirement from politics in 1965. However, one must also acknowledge Marrane for his work in 1941 bringing together various factions of the French Resistance to lead the formation of the Front National. Marrane chose the identity of an eccentric, harmless old man on a bicycle, with a long French bread stick in his bicycle pannier. Madeleine Braun, who in the 1930s had been active in the anti-fascist Amsterdam-Pleyel movement and the Aid for Spain Committee recalled that: "Georges preferred the bicycle because of a liking for sport but also to avoid checkpoints at railway stations ... Marrane always carried a loaf of bread on the back of his bike in order to look like a pensioner on his way back from market ... He always went around with a droopy moustache which attracted the name Vercingetorix from other resistance movements." This Gallic identity with his hallmark bicycle and hirsute face made him quite acceptable to anyone, almost a figure of fun and certainly not a security threat. Children over a wide area knew him by sight and called him "the cyclist" while others knew him as Vercingetorix. For three years he furrowed the back roads of the Free Zone taking vital intelligence and orders hither and thither without being intercepted. Later in the war, he served on the Paris Liberation Committee and helped in the handover to de Gaulle's Free French in 1944.

## Presidential election of 1958

The election of 1958 was the first presidential contest of the French Fifth Republic. Marrane competed against the wartime hero Charles de Gaulle; a third candidate, Albert Châtelet, represented a coalition of non-communist leftist groups. On 21 December 1958, de Gaulle swept the election, taking approximately 77% of the vote. Marrane received 13%, just a few percentage points above Châtelet.
# Elytracanthina propinqua

Elytracanthina propinqua is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lane in 1959. It is known from Brazil.
# Margaret Gillespie (singer)

Margaret Gillespie, n. Duncan (12 December 1841 - 1913) was a Scottish singer of traditional songs. She was a major informant for The Greig-Duncan Folk Song Collection, contributing 466 songs.

## Biography

Margaret Gillespie was born on 12 December 1831 in New Deer, Aberdeenshire, daughter of Elizabeth Birnie and William Duncan.
Gillespie is listed as the "most prolific informant" of The Grieg-Duncan Folk Song Collection. The collection includes 3 500 texts and 3 300 melodies from North-East Scotland.
Gillespie died in South Africa in 1913.
# Engraved Within

Engraved Within is a demo album by symphonic metal band Serenity released on April 17, 2005, in Europe on the Napalm Records label. The album was forerunner for Serenity's debut full-length album Words Untold & Dreams Unlived. The album was produced by lead vocalist Georg Neuhauser, Thomas Buchberger, and Mario Hirzinger. Artworks and layout for the album were created by Thomas Buchberger.
Engraved Within received outstanding reviews all over Europe upon release, among them "Demo of the Month" in German Rock Hard and Metal Hammer magazines.
Tracks 2, 3, 4, & 6, would be remade and later appear on Serenity's album Words Untold & Dreams Unlived. Track 5, "Journey's End", would be re-recorded as well, and appear as a bonus track on their 2008 album Fallen Sanctuary.

## History

Engraved Within was released on April 17, 2005, through an independent record label. The album was produced by band members Thomas Buchberger, Mario Hirzinger and Georg Neuhauser with the mixing and mastering done at Dreamscape Studios in Munich. The demo was shipped around to various recording companies and was eventually picked up by Napalm Records.

## Reception

Engraved Within brought out strong reviews immediately upon its release from the metal world. Metal Observer, gave the album 9 out of 10, stating, "Serenity is a highly gifted band from Austria, and they deliver us a killer demo, which blew me totally away! Engraved Within is nearly perfect, that begins with the production, the songs, vocals, musicianship, songwriting...."
Another review of the album, from Rock Report, states, "this 7-track demo clearly shows what great potential this band has. This material is so strong that it can only be a matter of time before these guys get signed."
A website, selaludiam.com, stated, "Serenity is a highly gifted band from Austria, and they deliver us a killer demo, which blew me totally away."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Rock Report | |
| Metal Observer | |

## Personnel

* Georg Neuhauser - lead vocals
* Thomas Buchberger - lead and rhythm guitars
* Simon Holzknecht - bass guitar
* Mario Hirzinger - keyboard, backing vocals
* Andreas Schipflinger - drums, backing vocals
* Franz-Josef Hauser - additional keyboards and piano

## Production

* Produced by Buchberger/Hirzinger/Neuhauser.
* All songs written by Buchberger/Hirzinger/Neuhauser except "Dead Man Walking".
* "Dead Man Walking" written by Buchberger/Hirzinger/Neuhauser and Anker.
* Orchestrations by Franz-Josef Hauser
* Recorded at Serenity Dungeon Wörgl, Giant Hall Studio, and Avalon Studios Kramsach
* Drums recorded by Gottfried Plank at Hyperion Studios Schwaz
* Mixed and mastered by Jan Vacik at Dreamscape Studios in Munich.
# Elizabeth Grove

Elizabeth Grove is a suburb in the northern extent of Adelaide, South Australia, on the western side of Main North Road south of Elizabeth. It is bounded by Main North Road, Hogarth Road, Harvey Road and Ridley Road. It contains a local shopping centre, public and Catholic primary schools, and churches of several denominations.

## History

Elizabeth Grove was established in 1955 as one of the southern suburbs of what was then the new satellite city of Elizabeth. It was originally a private subdivision of Sections 3112–3114, 3119, 3124, 3123 and 3120 of the Hundred of Munno Para, which includes the current suburb plus some of Elizabeth South and Elizabeth Vale.
The Elizabeth Grove Methodist Church (now Uniting Church) foundation stone was laid on 27 November 1956 by Premier Thomas Playford, less than two weeks after Elizabeth was inaugurated. The building provided a church but also a community hall used for many activities. It also had tennis courts, the first home courts of the Elizabeth Tennis Club. The building has a local heritage listing, and has been added to several times over the years.
# Robert Newkirk

Robert L. Newkirk (born March 6, 1977) is a former American football defensive tackle who played for the New Orleans Saints and Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Michigan State University.
# Karthika Deepam (disambiguation)

Karthika Deepam is a Hindu festival of lights in southern India, related to Diwali.
Karthika Deepam may also refer to:
* Karthika Deepam (film), an Indian Telugu-language film
* Karthika Deepam (Telugu TV series), a 2017 Indian Telugu-language TV series
* Karthika Deepam (Malayalam TV series), a 2020 Indian Malayalam-language TV series
# George Wheler

George Wheler may refer to:
* Sir George Wheler (travel writer) (1651–1724), English clergyman and travel writer
* George Wheler (politician) (1836–1908), Canadian mill owner and political figure
# Elvenes, Finnmark

Elvenes (Norwegian), Jokknjargg (Skolt Sami), Johkanjárga (Northern Sami), or Jokiniemi (Kven) is a village in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located at the mouth of the river Pasvikelva where it flows into the Bøkfjorden, a southern branch of the Varangerfjorden. The village lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of the village of Hesseng, along the European route E105. The town of Kirkenes lies about a 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) drive to the northwest.

## History

During the Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany a camp for Soviet prisoners-of-war was located in Elvenes, and in 1942 about six hundred Norwegian teachers were sent to Elvenes for slave labour.

## Road bypass

As part of an 875 million kr programme of improvements to European route E105, work started in 2014 on a bypass route to the north of the village comprising a 284-metre (932 ft) long new Bøkfjord Bridge and a new 690-metre (2,260 ft) tunnel through the adjacent Trifonhøgda mountain. The bridge has a 500 tonnes (550 tons) steel central arch span of 120 metres (390 ft), which was constructed in Wilhelmshaven, Germany and will be transported by barge along the entire west and north coast of Norway into the fjord. The section of road between Elvenes and the Russian border at Storskog was constructed in 2013, while the bridge and tunnel opened in September 2017.
# Estádio Nhozinho Santos

Estádio Nhozinho Santos is a multi-use stadium located in São Luís, Brazil. It is used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of Moto Club de São Luís. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 12,891 people and was built in 1950. It is owned by the São Luís city hall and is named after Joaquim Moreira Alves dos Santos, nicknamed Nhozinho, who introduced football in Maranhão state.

## History

It was built in 1950 and inaugurated on October 1 of that year. The inaugural match was played on that day when Sampaio Corrêa beat Paysandu 2-1. The first goal of the stadium was scored by Paysandu's Hélio.
The stadium's attendance record currently stands at 24,865, set on March 26, 1980, when Maranhão and Vasco da Gama drew 0-0.
# Peppermint angelfish

The peppermint angelfish (Centropyge boylei) is a relatively small species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Central area of the South Pacific Ocean, and is known to be native to the Cook Islands.

## Description

The peppermint angelfish has a deep, oval shaped body which has five white vertical bands on a reddish-orange background. The dorsal and anal fins have white margins and the caudal fin is translucent. The face and chin are white. This species attains a maximum total length of 7 centimetres (2.8 in).

## Distribution

The peppermint angelfish is found in the eastern central Pacific Ocean. It has only been recorded from Rarotonga in the Cook Islands, although it is considered likely that it will be recorded elsewhere in the region.

## Habitat and biology

The peppermint angelfish is found at depths of 55 to 120 metres (180 to 394 ft) on areas of coral rubble, overhangs and caves situated in the steep outer slopes of reefs. It is little known but its diet is thought to be made up of worms, crustaceans, sponges, tunicates, and detritus. It has been recorded in pairs or small groups.

## Systematics

The peppermint angelfish was first formally described in 1992 by John Ernest Randall (1924–2020) and Richard Pyle. It is placed in the subgenus Paracentropyge by some authorities. Its specific name honours the collector of the type, Charles “Chip” J. Boyle.

## Utilisation

The peppermint angelfish is occasionally exported as an aquarium specimen and can fetch high prices (a single specimen was offered to be bought for $30,000).
# List of airports in the Port Carling area

The following active airports serve the Port Carling area of Ontario, Canada:
| Airport name | ICAO/TC LID/IATA | Location | Coordinates |
| Lake Muskoka/Mortimer's Point Water Aerodrome | CNC7 | Port Carling | 45°03′00″N 079°33′40″W﻿ / ﻿45.05000°N 79.56111°W﻿ / 45.05000; -79.56111﻿ (Lake Muskoka/Mortimer's Point Water Aerodrome) |
| Lake Rosseau/Arthurlie Bay Water Aerodrome | CPF9 | Port Carling | 45°07′00″N 079°33′00″W﻿ / ﻿45.11667°N 79.55000°W﻿ / 45.11667; -79.55000﻿ (Lake Rosseau/Arthurlie Bay Water Aerodrome) |
| Lake Rosseau/Onnalinda Point Water Aerodrome | COP3 | Port Carling | 45°10′06″N 079°37′28″W﻿ / ﻿45.16833°N 79.62444°W﻿ / 45.16833; -79.62444﻿ (Lake Rosseau/Onnalinda Point Water Aerodrome) |
| Port Carling Aerodrome | CPC2 | Port Carling | 45°05′34″N 079°35′50″W﻿ / ﻿45.09278°N 79.59722°W﻿ / 45.09278; -79.59722﻿ (Port Carling Aerodrome) |
| Port Carling/Butterfly Lake Water Aerodrome | CPY8 | Port Carling | 45°05′38″N 079°37′50″W﻿ / ﻿45.09389°N 79.63056°W﻿ / 45.09389; -79.63056﻿ (Port Carling/Butterfly Lake Water Aerodrome) |
| Port Carling/Lake Joseph Water Aerodrome | CLJ2 | Lake Joseph | 45°06′52″N 079°37′21″W﻿ / ﻿45.11444°N 79.62250°W﻿ / 45.11444; -79.62250﻿ (Port Carling/Lake Joseph Water Aerodrome) |
| Port Carling/Fig Air Heliport | CFA2 | Port Carling | 45°07′41″N 079°32′16″W﻿ / ﻿45.12806°N 79.53778°W﻿ / 45.12806; -79.53778﻿ (Port Carling/Fig Air Heliport) |
# Elizabeth Gunning

Elizabeth Gunning may refer to:
* Elizabeth Gunning (translator), translator and novelist
* Elizabeth Hamilton, 1st Baroness Hamilton of Hameldon, née Gunning, aunt of the writer
# Frea thompsoni

Frea thompsoni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1956.
# Robert Newdigate

Robert Newdigate or Newdegate (died 1613) was an English courtier and landowner.

## Biography

Newdigate was the son of John Newdigate of Harefield, Middlesex, and Anne Conquest (died 1619). He was the younger brother of John Newdigate (died 1610), the husband of Anne Fitton.
Newdigate was a squire of the body to Elizabeth I. He was knighted by James VI and I in May 1603. He was a Member of Parliament for Grampound (1597) and Buckingham (1601).
In July 1605, Anne of Denmark stayed at his house at Hawnes or Haynes near Ampthill. She was entertained by a Scottish singing woman and Morris dancers, and gave them rewards of 40 shillings.
He married Elizabeth Stuteville, a daughter of Thomas Stuteville of Dalham, in 1590. Their children included Robert and Joan.
Newdigate died on 5 September, 1613.
# Gerd Benneche

Gerd Benneche (1 December 1913 – 26 March 2003) was a Norwegian jurist, journalist, non-fiction writer and politician for the Liberal Party.

## Biography

She was born Bergen, and is the mother of Sissel Benneche Osvold. She worked for the newspaper Dagbladet from 1959 to 1980. In 1974 she was awarded the Narvesen Prize. She headed the Norwegian Press Association from 1975 to 1979. She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oslo during the term 1958–1961.
She was a member of the Norwegian UNESCO commission, a board member of Riksteatret and the Norwegian Data Inspectorate where she served as deputy chair from 1986 to 1990.