OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Giuseppe Concone

Giuseppe Concone (September 12, 1801 - June 1, 1861 Turin) was an Italian voice teacher and composer.

## Life and career

Giuseppe Concone was born in Turin, Italy on September 12, 1801. He had a brief career as singer before devoting himself almost entirely to working as a voice teacher; beginning that work in Turin. He composed the opera Un episodio del San Michele which premiered in Turin on 8 June 1836. He composed a second opera, Graziella, which was never performed.
In 1837 Concone went to Paris where he became a celebrated voice instructor. He taught there for eleven years during which time he published several books on vocal training and technique; some of which have remained in use. He became widely known for his vocal exercises—solfeggi and vocalizzi—which are unusually attractive for works of their kind, and at the same time excellent for their special purpose. Thomaidis and MacPherson describe them as 'lively' works in the Italian tradition of those times. While in Paris he wrote three 'oratorios.' One commentator (named Smither) wrote: "These are quite brief, and include no orchestra but only piano accompaniment. They are evidently intended for performance in a private soiree rather than a theatre. No performance of any of the three is known."
Concone returned to Italy in 1848, probably due to events resulting from the Revolutions of 1848. He was appointed both organist and maestro di cappella of the Sardinian court in Turn; a position he remained in util his death in Turin on September 12, 1801.
Concone also composed some etudes for piano in 25 Melodic Studies, Op. 24., and concert arias and duets.

## List of works by Concone

* Fifteen Vocalises for Soprano
* Twenty-Five Lessons for Medium Voice
* Fifty Lessons for High Voice
* Fifty Lessons for Medium Voice, see also here
* Forty Lessons for Bass or Baritone
* Thirty Exercises for the Voice
# Roberta Marzani

Roberta Marzani (born 8 July 1996) is an Italian fencer who won a bronze medal at the 2019 Summer Universiade.

## Biography

She won one of the bronze medals in the women's individual épée event at the 2022 Mediterranean Games held in Oran, Algeria.
# Neri

Neri or Néri may refer to:

## Places

* Neri, Iran, a village in West Azerbaijan Province
* Neri, India, a village in the north Indian state Himachal
* Neri River, a river in Ethiopia

## People and fictional characters

* Neri (surname)
* Neri (given name)
* Philip Neri (1515-1595), Catholic saint, patron of Rome, Philippines, comedians
* Francisco Valmerino Neri (born 1976), Brazilian footballer known as "Neri"
* Neri, a main character in the series Ocean Girl
* Al Neri, a fictional character from The Godfather

## Other uses

* National Environmental Research Institute of Denmark
* Neri (grape), another name for the French wine grape Grolleau
* Neri, a starchy substance used in the manufacture of Japanese washi paper, derived from the root of the plant Abelmoschus manihot (tororo aoi)
* Néri, a Tibetan classification of mountains
# Equivariant L-function

In algebraic number theory, an equivariant Artin L-function is a function associated to a finite Galois extension of global fields created by packaging together the various Artin L-functions associated with the extension. Each extension has many traditional Artin L-functions associated with it, corresponding to the characters of representations of the Galois group. By contrast, each extension has a unique corresponding equivariant L-function.
Equivariant L-functions have become increasingly important as a wide range of conjectures and theorems in number theory have been developed around them. Among these are the Brumer–Stark conjecture, the Coates-Sinnott conjecture, and a recently developed equivariant version of the main conjecture in Iwasawa theory.
# Pelotomaculum

Pelotomaculum is a Gram-positive strictly anaerobic, mesophilic, thermophilic and non-motile bacterial genus from the family of Peptococcaceae.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
| 16S rRNA based LTP_01_2022 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 07-RS207 |
| P. isophthalicicum corrig. Qiu et al. 2006 P. terephthalicicum corrig. Qiu et al. 2006 P. schinkii de Bok et al. 2005 Cryptanaerobacter phenolicus P. propionicicum Imachi et al. 2007 P. thermopropionicum Imachi et al. 2002 Desulfurispora thermophila | Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum Pelotomaculum schinkii Pelotomaculum propionicicum "Ca. Syntrophopropionicum ammoniitolerans" |
# Euxesta brookmani

Euxesta brookmani is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Euxesta of the family Tephritidae.
# Perthshire Advertiser

The Perthshire Advertiser (originally the Perthshire Advertiser and Strathmore Journal) is a tabloid newspaper, published by Reach plc, in Perth, Scotland. The PA, as it is commonly known, comes out twice a week, on Tuesday and Friday.
Beginning life in 1829, as the Strathmore Journal, and published in Coupar Angus, the 'Strathmore' was renamed the Perthshire Advertiser and Strathmore Journal. Costing 7d and comprising four densely packed pages, it was issued on Thursday mornings.
The paper's price was reduced to fourpence halfpenny on 8 September 1836 and dropped a further penny in 1855 as a result of the reduction in newspaper stamp duty.
In 1866, Samuel Cowan became the paper's printer and publisher, a role he maintained until 1907. The paper dropped its price to 3d in 1870 and in 1873 it began to publish three times a week – on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
Publication days were changed from Wednesday and Saturday to Tuesday and Friday on 1 March 1977.

## Notable publishers

* 1830s: John Taylor
* 18—:George Penny
* 18—: Charles Anderson
* 1866: Samuel Cowan
* 1907: Donald Mathieson
* 1911?: Davidson and Mackay/Munro Press Ltd
* 1958: Scottish Counties Newspapers Ltd
* 1960: George Outram Ltd
* 1972: Scottish and Universal Newspapers Ltd
* 1974: Holmes MacDougall Ltd
* 1977: Scottish and Universal Newspapers Ltd

## Historical circulation

By 1832, the PA was already claiming success, suggesting it had doubled subscription numbers during the previous twelve months, and the paper claimed to be "not only the largest of any paper in the country, but equal, if not superior, to that of any provincial journal in the Kingdom". In 1821, annual circulation was 31,000 (average circulation 596). In 1835, this had changed to 26,500. In 1919, 5,000 copies were printed, and by 1921 that had increased to 487,000 and by 1924 this had increased to 766,317. In 1928, net annual circulation was 833,032. By 1979, the paper claimed a circulation of each issue of 12,812 on Wednesday and 19,134 on Friday.

## Printing

Originally printed at the printing office in the Kings' Arms Close, off Perth's High Street, adjacent to the municipal buildings, like all Scottish and Universal/Media Scotland newspapers, the PA used to be printed locally, but in the mid-1990s the printing of all of their Scottish titles was centralised at a new custom-built plant at Blantyre. Editions of its newspapers and guides were transferred to being printed in Merseyside in 2016. The PA's Perth office was formerly housed at 36–38 Tay Street.
# Eremiaphila pyramidum

Eremiaphila pyramidum is a species of praying mantis found in Egypt and Libya.
# Eston United F.C.

Eston United Football Club was an English association football club from Eston, then in Yorkshire, founded in 1905.

## History

Initially named Normanby United, their name was quickly changed to Eston United soon after formation. They participated in the Northern League from 1910 to 1927, winning the league on two occasions. Eston were also twice losing finalists in the FA Amateur Cup, losing 6–0 to Clapton in the 1908–09 season and in the 1911–12 season they lost 1–0 to Stockton in a replay after the first tie ended in a 1–1 draw.
By 1926, the club was running out of funds, the gates for matches not even reaching £1, but continued on amateur lines, losing 5–3 in the final of the North Riding Amateur Cup to Albert Hill United at the end of the 1927–28 season. However the club does not seem to have survived a 9–0 defeat to Scarborough in the same competition the next season, Eston scoring three own goals.

## Colours

The club's first choice of colour was blue, with darker trim, and a change kit of red.

## Ground

The club originally played at the Cattle Show Ground.

## Achievements

* FA Amateur Cup
** Runners-up: 1908–09, 1911–12
* Northern League
** Champions: 1910–11, 1922–23
# Free-form deformation

In computer graphics, free-form deformation (FFD) is a geometric technique used to model simple deformations of rigid objects. It is based on the idea of enclosing an object within a cube or another hull object, and transforming the object within the hull as the hull is deformed. Deformation of the hull is based on the concept of so-called hyper-patches, which are three-dimensional analogs of parametric curves such as Bézier curves, B-splines, or NURBs. The technique was first described by Thomas W. Sederberg and Scott R. Parry in 1986, and is based on an earlier technique by Alan Barr. It was extended by Coquillart to a technique described as extended free-form deformation, which refines the hull object by introducing additional geometry or by using different hull objects such as cylinders and prisms.

## Applications

* Free-Form Deformation is used in computer graphics for solid geometric models. For example, the Lattice Modifier in Blender (software).
* It is used in the image registration in both rigid and non-rigid transformation.
# GlassFish Shoal

Project Shoal is a java based scalable dynamic clustering framework that provides infrastructure to build fault tolerance, reliability and availability and can be plugged into the GlassFish Application Server.
The framework can be plugged into any product needing clustering and related distributed systems capabilities without tightly binding to a specific communications infrastructure. The framework can be plugged in as an in-process component. The framework will have two broad categories of public APIs, namely, a Client API, and a Group Communication Provider API.
Some of the Shoal Capabilities are
* Shoal Group Event Notifications
* Distributed State Cache
* Shoal Automated Delegated Recovery Initiation
* Shoal Messaging
# Roberta Materi

Roberta Materi (born April 6, 1975 in Regina, Saskatchewan) is a Canadian curler from White City, Saskatchewan.

## Life

Materi has played with Michelle Englot off and on since 1997. She missed two seasons (2004–05 and 2005–06) since then to have children.
Materi played in her first national championship when the rink qualified for the 2001 Scott Tournament of Hearts. The team finished with a 4-7 record, missing the playoffs. Later that year, the team finished 5-4 at the 2001 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials, also missing the playoffs.
The team would not return to the Hearts until 2008, where the team finished 5-6, missing the playoffs again. Later that year, they picked up their only Grand Slam victory, winning the 2008 Casinos of Winnipeg Classic.
Materi won her third provincial title in 2012, and returned to the Hearts for her third event at the 2012 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
She works as a human resources manager for SaskTel.
# Kauser Abdullah Malik

Kausar Abdullah Malik (born 7 July 1945), is a noted agriculture scientist and educationist from Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

## Family

Malik is the eldest son of noted Urdu language author, journalist and Marxist, Abdullah Malik.

## Education

Malik attended Forman Christian College in Lahore, Pakistan from 1959–1961 and completed his Higher Secondary School Certificate. His Bachelor of Science and Master of Science are from Government College University, Lahore. He holds his Doctor of Philosophy in microbiology from Aston University, United Kingdom in 1970.

## Scientific career

Malik started his research career from the Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad (1971-1992) (Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission). He is the founder Director General of the National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) at Faisalabad where he had been involved from the conceptual stage to its operation and developed all the research programs and scientific manpower.
In view of his research and management experience, Dr Malik was appointed Chairman of the Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC) which is the apex body responsible for coordinating research and development activities related to agriculture in the country (15 September 1998 – 27 February 2001). During his tenure he was able to establish an Agricultural Research Endowment Fund of Rs. 1.2 billion which is being utilized to fund competitive research grants in the country.
During 2001-2006, Malik served as Member (Biosciences & Administration) of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission and established Medical Institutes at different places in the country. Subsequently, he was invited to join Planning Commission (Pakistan) as its member looking after Food and Agriculture economic development from 2006-2008. During this period, Dr Malik also acted as the Secretary of the National Commission on Biotechnology (2002-2008).

## Awards and honors

He has been awarded many prestigious awards by the Government of Pakistan on different occasions. These are:
* Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Crescent of Excellence) Award by the Government of Pakistan in 2004.
* Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award by the Government of Pakistan in 1998.
* Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Medal of Excellence) Award by the Government of Pakistan in 1988.
* Gold medal by the Pakistan Academy of Sciences in 1993.
* Distinguished National Professor Award by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan) in 2005.
In 1997, he was awarded ISESCO Prize in Biology. Malik is a Fellow of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences and is one of five leading scientists and technologists appointed by the government to the Pakistan Council for Science and Technology.

## Services

He is the Vice Chairman of National Technology Council (Pakistan) (NTC).
# Eralivayal

Eralivayal is a village in the Pattukkottai taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Eralivayal had a total population of 359 with 187 males and 172 females. The sex ratio was 920. The literacy rate was 72.52.
# Cox's Road

Cox's Road may refer to:
* Cox's Road, Hong Kong
* Cox's Road (New South Wales), Australia
# Euxesta callona

Euxesta callona is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Euxesta of the family Ulidiidae.
# Marian Jedlicki

Marian Zygmunt Jedlicki (born 30 April 1899 in Kielce, died 14 March 1954 in Poznań) was a Polish lawyer, historian and a professor at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków and the University of Poznań. He is well known for his translation of the Thietmar Chronicle, an early 11th century document (Jedlicki's translation of the chronicle into Polish was published in 1953. It was later translated into English).
Jedlicki finished the Sobieski Gymnasium in Kraków. After the German invasion of Poland he managed to leave Poland and wrote his works while abroad under the pseudonym "S.M. Marvey".
After the war he was the Chair of the Modern History Department and the Department of Law and Administration at the University of Kraków (Jagiellonian University). He was moved by the communist authorities to the University of Poznań, a less prestigious institution, in 1949, because he was perceived as harboring "anti-communist sympathies".
# List of Zink cameras, printers and paper

This is a list of cameras, printers and paper for use with the Zink full-color printing technology.

## Zink Paper printers

Zink Paper printers print photographs onto mostly 2×3" (about 5×8 cm) sheets of Zink Paper, though some print onto 3×4" (about 8×10 cm) paper, and some print onto 2.3×3.4" (5.8×8.6 cm) paper.
* Dell Wasabi (PZ310)
* Canon IVY (U.S.A.) or Zoemini (Europe) – produces 2×3" prints
* HP Sprocket
* HP Sprocket Plus - produces 2.3×3.4" (5.8×8.6 cm) prints
* HP Sprocket 200
* LG Pocket Photo (PD233)
* LG Pocket Photo 2 (PD239)
* LG Pocket Photo 3 (PD251)
* Lifeprint
* Polaroid Grey Label GL10 (PLDGL10PRINTR) – produces 3×4" prints. Discontinued.
* Polaroid PoGo
** CZA-10011B
** CZU-10011B
** CZA-20011B
* Polaroid Zip Instant Photoprinter (POLMP01)
* Prynt Case (later called Prynt Classic)
* Prynt Pocket
* Brother VC-500W
* Huawei Pocket Photo Printer
* Mi Portable Photo Printer

## Combined digital cameras and Zink printers

* HP Sprocket Two-in-one / 2-in-1 – The combined camera-printer version of the Sprocket.
* Kodak Printomatic – Instant Print 10 MP Digital Camera that produces 2×3" sticky-backed prints
* Kodak Smile – Instant Print 10 MP Digital Camera with LCD viewfinder that produces 2×3" sticky-backed prints
* Kodak Smile Classic – Instant Print Digital Camera that produces 3.25×4.5" sticky-backed prints
* Polaroid PoGo (CZA-05300) – a 5 MP digital camera that produces 2×3" prints
* Polaroid PIC-1000 – a 12 MP digital camera that produces 3×4" prints
* Polaroid Z340 – a 14 MP digital camera that produces 3×4" prints
* Polaroid Z2300 Digital Instant Print Camera (POLZ2300) – a 10 MP digital camera that produces 2×3" prints
* Tomy Xiao (TIP-521) – a 5 MP digital camera that produces 2×3" prints
* Polaroid Socialmatic – a 14 MP digital camera with 4.5" LCD screen, produces 2×3" prints
* Polaroid Snap Instant Digital Camera (POLSP01) – a 10 MP digital camera that produces 2×3" prints
* Polaroid Snap Plus – a 13 MP digital camera with 3.5" LCD screen, produces 2×3" prints.
* Polaroid Pop (announced at CES 2017) – 3.5×4.25" format

## Zink zRoll printers

Stylised as ZINK hAppy. Marketed as a "smart app printer". Launched in 2013.
* Zink Happy from Zink Imaging
* Zink Happy+ from Zink Imaging

## Paper formats

* Zink Paper
** Zink Photo Paper (POLZPPxxx)† – 2×3" (about 5×7.6 cm) sheets
** Zink Photo Paper (POLZ3X4xx) – 3×4" (about 8×10 cm) sheets
** Premium Zink Photo Paper (POLZ2X3xx) – 2×3" sheets
** Premium Zink Rainbow Photo Paper (POLZ2X3xxRB) – 2×3" sheets
** HP Sprocket Photo Paper – 2×3" (5×7.6 cm) sheets
** HP Sprocket Plus Photo Paper – 2.3×3.4" (5.8×8.7 cm) sheets
* Zink zRoll - available in a variety of widths
† The 'x' in the model represents the number of sheets of paper in the pack.
# Essential systems analysis

Essential systems analysis was a new methodology for software specification published in 1984 by Stephen M. McMenamin and John F. Palmer for performing structured systems analysis based on the concept of event partitioning.
The essence of a system is "its required behavior independent of the technology used to implement the system". It is an abstract model of what the system must do without describing how it will do it.
The methodology proposed that finding the true requirements for an information system entails the development of an essential model for the system, based on the concepts of a perfect internal technology, composed of:
* a perfect memory, that is infinitely fast and big, and
* a perfect processor, that is infinitely potent and fast.
Edward Yourdon later adapted it to develop modern structured analysis.
The main result was a new and more systematic way to develop the data-flow diagrams, which are the most characteristic tool of structured analysis.
Essential analysis, as adopted in Yourdon's modern structured analysis, was the main software development methodology until object-oriented analysis became mainstream.
# Canton of Vallespir-Albères

The Canton of Vallespir-Albères is a French canton of Pyrénées-Orientales department, in Occitanie. At the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the canton was created including 8 communes from the canton of Céret and 5 from the canton of Argelès-sur-Mer.

## Composition

* L'Albère
* Le Boulou
* Céret
* Les Cluses
* Laroque-des-Albères
* Maureillas-las-Illas
* Montesquieu-des-Albères
* Le Perthus
* Saint-Génis-des-Fontaines
* Saint-Jean-Pla-de-Corts
* Sorède
* Villelongue-dels-Monts
* Vivès
# Glass Ghost

Glass Ghost may refer to:
* Glass Ghost (band), known for releasing Idol Omen in 2009
* Glass Ghost (musician), guitarist for Astrovamps
* Glass Ghost (company), a video game development company known for Tank Racer and Eagle One: Harrier Attack
# Nelson Lee (raconteur)

Nelson Lee was born in Brownsville, Jefferson County, New York, in 1807. He died in poverty in Hammond's Corners in New York, on December 21, 1870. In 1859 an account of his life was published by a group of editors "not quite in his own words". Like some other Indian captivity narratives of the 19th-century, its "chief concern, was neither accuracy of sensation nor fidelity to the hard facts of frontier life, but rather the salability of pulp thrillers." He tells us that he took part in various campaigns (his name does not appear on the relevant muster rolls) and had dramatic adventures (such as saving his life among the Comanches by the use of a particularly loud alarm watch).
He also describes Comanche customs (agriculture and fixed, organized, towns) that had no relation to reality.
His work is regarded as a hoax. It has nevertheless been much-reprinted, used by serious anthropologists, and appears in many collections of captivity narratives.
# Equivalent airspeed

In aviation, equivalent airspeed (EAS) is calibrated airspeed (CAS) corrected for the compressibility of air at a non-trivial Mach number. It is also the airspeed at sea level in the International Standard Atmosphere at which the dynamic pressure is the same as the dynamic pressure at the true airspeed (TAS) and altitude at which the aircraft is flying. In low-speed flight, it is the speed which would be shown by an airspeed indicator with zero error. It is useful for predicting aircraft handling, aerodynamic loads, stalling etc.
$\mathrm {EAS} =\mathrm {TAS} \times {\sqrt {\frac {\rho }{\rho _{0}}}}$
where ρ is actual air density and ρ$_0$ is standard sea level density (1.225 kg/m$^3$ or 0.00237 slug/ft$^3$).
EAS is a function of dynamic pressure:
$\mathrm {EAS} ={\sqrt {\frac {2q}{\rho _{0}}}}$
where q is the dynamic pressure $q={\tfrac {1}{2}}\,\rho \,v^{2}.$
EAS can also be obtained from the aircraft Mach number and static pressure.
$\mathrm {EAS} ={a_{0}}M{\sqrt {P \over P_{0}}}$
where a$_0$ is 1,225 km/h (661.45 kn) (the standard speed of sound at 15 °C), M is the Mach number, P is static pressure, and P$_0$ is standard sea level pressure (1013.25 hPa).
Combining the above with the expression for Mach number gives EAS as a function of impact pressure and static pressure (valid for subsonic flow):
$\mathrm {EAS} =a_{0}{\sqrt {{\frac {5P}{P_{0}}}\left[\left({\frac {q_{c}}{P}}+1\right)^{\frac {2}{7}}-1\right]}}$
where q$_c$ is impact pressure.
At standard sea level, EAS is the same as calibrated airspeed (CAS) and true airspeed (TAS). At any other altitude, EAS may be obtained from CAS by correcting for compressibility error.
The following simplified formula allows calculation of CAS from EAS:
$\mathrm {CAS} ={\mathrm {EAS} \times \left[1+{\frac {1}{8}}(1-\delta )M^{2}+{\frac {3}{640}}(1-10\delta +9\delta ^{2})M^{4}\right]}$
where the pressure ratio $\delta ={\tfrac {P}{P_{0}}},$ and CAS, EAS are airspeeds and can be measured in knots, km/h, mph or any other appropriate unit.
The above formula is accurate within 1% up to Mach 1.2 and useful with acceptable error up to Mach 1.5. The 4th order Mach term can be neglected for speeds below Mach 0.85.
# Eupithecia transexpiata

Eupithecia transexpiata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in the Los Lagos Region (Osomo Province) in Chile. The habitat consists of the Valdivian Forest Biotic Province.
The length of the forewings is about 8.5 mm for males. Adults have been recorded on wing in February.