OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Freeburn, Kentucky

Freeburn is a census-designated place, unincorporated community and coal town in Pike County, Kentucky, United States.
A post office called Liss was established in the community in 1911. In 1932, it was renamed Freeburn supposedly for a freeburning coal seam fire.

## Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Freeburn has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
# Giriyal Kariyat Bagewadi

Giriyal Kariyat Bagewadi is a village in the Bailhongal taluk of Belgaum district in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. As of the 2011 Indian census, it had a population of 609.
# Ephialtias abrupta

Ephialtias abrupta is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It is found in from the lower Amazon (Pará) in Brazil.
The species is sexually dimorphic.
# Cremnosterna laterialba

Cremnosterna laterialba is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1936.
# Euleia esakii

Euleia esakii is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Euleia of the family Tephritidae.
# Estadio Municipal de Quillacollo

Estadio Municipal de Quillacollo, is a multi-use stadium in Quillacollo, Bolivia. It is currently used mostly for football matches, on club level by local sides Arauco Prado and Universitario de Vinto. The stadium has a capacity of 8,000 spectators.
In 2022, the stadium was renovated to host matches of the Primera División, as their main team Atlético Palmaflor were playing in the Estadio Félix Capriles. In September 2022, the stadium hosted its first professional match, as Palmaflor faced Royal Pari in a Primera División contest.
In the 2022 Clausura tournament, Municipal de Quillacollo also hosted matches of Universitario de Vinto.
# Madagascar at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics

Madagascar competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014.

## Athletics

Madagascar qualified one athlete.
Qualification Legend: Q=Final A (medal); qB=Final B (non-medal); qC=Final C (non-medal); qD=Final D (non-medal); qE=Final E (non-medal)

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heats | Heats | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Izidor Ralahimihaja | 800 m | 2:00.93 | 16 qC | 2:00.35 | 15 |

## Judo

Madagascar was given a quota to compete by the tripartite committee.

### Individual

| Athlete | Event | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Rep 1 | Rep 2 | Rep 3 | Rep 3 | Final / BM | Rank |
| Athlete | Event | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Rank |
| Mihanta Andriamifehy | Girls' -52 kg | Bye | M Janashvili (GEO) L 0000 – 1000 | did not advance | did not advance | Bye | X Liu (CHN) L 0000 – 0012 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | 13 |

### Team

| Athletes | Event | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final | Rank |
| Athletes | Event | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Opposition Result | Rank |
| Team Nevzorov Mihanta Andriamifehy (MAD) Brigitte Carabalí (COL) Nicolas Grinda (MON) Bryan Jolly (AUS) Tamazi Kirakozashvili (GEO) Salim Rebahi (ALG) Aleksandra Samardzic (BIH) | Mixed Team | Bye | Team Douillet (MIX) L 2 – 5 | did not advance | did not advance | 5 |

## Swimming

Madagascar qualified one swimmer.

### Boys

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Lalanomena Andrianirina | 200 m backstroke | 2:19.68 | 29 | — | — | did not advance | did not advance |
| Lalanomena Andrianirina | 100 m butterfly | 1:03.26 | 24 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Giulio Sansedoni

Giulio Sansedoni (28 March 1551 – 19 December 1625) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Grosseto (1606–1611).

## Biography

Giulio Sansedoni was born on 28 March 1551 in Siena, Italy and ordained a priest on 15 Jun 1577. On 20 November 1606, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Bishop of Grosseto. On 26 November 1606, he was consecrated bishop by Girolamo Bernerio, Cardinal-Bishop of Albano, with Paolo Alberi, Archbishop Emeritus of Dubrovnik, and Metello Bichi, Bishop Emeritus of Sovana, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Grosseto until his resignation in 1611.

## Episcopal succession

While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of:
* Pierre de Donnauld, Titular Bishop of Tripolis in Phoenicia and Coadjutor Bishop of Mirepoix (1610);
* Jean Jaubert de Barrault, Bishop of Bazas (1611);
* János Telegdy, Bishop of Bosnia (1611);
* Malatesta Baglioni, Bishop of Pesaro (1612);
* Giuseppe di Ceva, Bishop of Ivrea (1614);
* Angelo Gozzadini, Archbishop of Naxos (1616);
* Petrus Pitarca, Bishop of Termia (1617);
* Cipriano Pavoni, Bishop of Rimini (1619);
* Francesco Nappi (bishop), Bishop of Polignano (1619);
* Alessandro d'Este, Bishop of Reggio Emilia (1622);
* Aloysius Galli, Bishop of Ancona e Numana (1622);
* Ferdinand Boschetti, Titular Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia (1622);
* Eitel Frederick von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Bishop of Osnabrück (1623);
* Baldassarre Bolognetti, Bishop of Nicastro (1624); and
* Giovanni Maria Belletti, Bishop of Gerace (1625).
# Chicago Patriots Gaelic Football Club

Chicago Patriots Gaelic Football Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association in Chicago, US. The Patriots were formed by longtime Chicago GAA supporter Joseph Begley in the spring of 2005. This new team was formed to compete as an all-American-born team in the North American finals in the Junior C competition.
# Culex gelidus

Culex (Culex) gelidus is a species of mosquito belonging to the genus Culex. It is found in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea (Island); Papua New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam. In 1976, it was identified as a major vector of Japanese encephalitis virus, in India. From an experiment, it was evident that aqueous solution of Calotropis gigantea leaves possess larvicidal activity, mosquito repellent activity and ovicidal activity against Culex gelidus.
# Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925

Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1925:
   Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the equality of treatment for national and foreign workers as regards workmen's compensation for accidents,...

## Ratifications

As of 2013, the convention has been ratified by 121 states.
# Cremnorrhinini

Cremnorrhinini is a tribe of plant bugs in the family Miridae. There are about 50 genera in Cremnorrhinini, all but five in the subtribe Cremnorrhinina.

## Genera

These 50 genera belong to the tribe Cremnorrhinini:

### Tribe Cremnorrhinini Reuter, 1883

* Genus Adunatiphylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Amblytylus Fieber, 1858 - Palearctic
* Genus Asterophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Austroplagiognathus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Austropsallus Schuh, 1974 - Africa
* Genus Bifidostylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Brachyceratocoris Knight, 1968 - Southwest Nearctic
* Genus Calidroides Schwartz, 2005 - Southwest Nearctic
* Genus Capecapsus Schuh, 1974 - Africa
* Genus Coatonocapsus Schuh, 1974 - Africa
* Genus Coquillettia Uhler, 1890 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Cremnorrhinus Reuter, 1880 - Palearctic
* Genus Dacota Uhler, 1872 - Holarctic
* Genus Denticulophallus Schuh, 1974 - Africa
* Genus Dicyphylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Eremotylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Ethelastia Reuter, 1876 - Palearctic
* Genus Euderon Puton, 1888 - Palearctic
* Genus Excentricoris Carvalho, 1955 - Palearctic
* Genus Grandivesica Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Guentherocoris Schuh & Schwartz, 2004 - Southwest Nearctic
* Genus Gyrophallus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Halophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Harpocera Curtis, 1838 - Palearctic
* Genus Heterocapillus Wagner, 1960 - Palearctic
* Genus Lepidophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Leutiola Wyniger, 2012 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Lopidodenus V. Putshkov, 1974 - Palearctic
* Genus Lopus Hahn, 1833 - Western Palearctic
* Genus Macrotylus Fieber, 1858 - Holarctic, South Africa
* Genus Maculiphylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Monospiniphallus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Myoporophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Myrtophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Omnivoriphylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Orectoderus Uhler, 1876 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Pachyxyphus Fieber, 1858 - Western Palearctic
* Genus Paralopus Wagner, 1957 - Palearctic
* Genus Parasciodema Poppius, 1914 - Africa
* Genus Pronotocrepis Knight, 1929 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Proteophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Pulvillophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Shendina Linnavuori, 1975 - Nearctic
* Genus Spinivesica Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Strophopoda Van Duzee, 1916 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Teleorhinus Uhler, 1890 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Telophylus Schuh & Schwartz, 2016 - Australia
* Genus Ticua Wyniger, 2012 - Western Nearctic
* Genus Utopnia Reuter, 1881 - Palearctic
* Genus Zinjolopus Linnavuori, 1975 - Palearctic
# Euleia basihyalina

Euleia basihyalina is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Euleia of the family Tephritidae.
# Hietzing Cemetery

The Hietzing Cemetery is a cemetery in Hietzing, the 13th district of Vienna.

## Notable burials (selection)

* Alban Berg (1885–1935), composer
* Jean-Baptiste Clery (1759–1809), valet to King Louis XVI
* Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852–1925), Chief of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff 1906 to 1917
* Heinz Conrads (1913–1986), actor
* Engelbert Dollfuss (1892–1934), Chancellor of Austria
* Gottfried von Einem (1918–1996), composer
* Fanny Elssler (1810–1884), ballerina
* Franz Grillparzer (1791–1872), writer
* Josef Josephi (1852–1920), singer and actor
* Ernst Kirchweger (1898–1965), victim of political violence
* Gustav Klimt (1862–1918), painter
* Viktor Léon (1858–1940), librettist
* Hubert Marischka (1882–1959), operetta tenor, actor, film director and screenwriter
* Koloman Moser (1868–1918), artist and designer
* Sabine Oberhauser (1963–2017), politician
* Rudolf Prack (1905–1981), actor
* Katharina Schratt (1853–1940), Emperor Franz Joseph confidante
* Mitsuko Thekla Maria (1874–1941), Countess of Coudenhove-Kalergi
* Henrietta Treffz (1818–1890), mezzo-soprano and first wife of Johann Strauss II
* Otto Wagner (1841–1918), architect
* Josef Walter (1925–1992), footballer
* Mathilde Wildauer (1820–1878), actress and opera singer
# Eskiyayla, Çan

Eskiyayla is a village in the Çan District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 144 (2021).
# Epilepsy Action Australia

Epilepsy Action Australia is an Australian charity providing education and support services to children and adults in Australia with epilepsy and other seizure disorders. The group is made up of caseworkers, registered nurses and other service providers, and aims to meet individuals' social, emotional and seizure management needs, with information, referral services and consultancy for professional organisations.
Until 2005, the group was called the Epilepsy Association of Australia.
# Giuliano Dati

Giuliano Dati (1445-1524) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of San Leone from 1518 to 1524.

## Biography

Giuliano Dati was born in 1445. On 26 Feb 1518, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Leo X as Bishop of San Leone. He served as Bishop of San Leone until his death in 1524.
Dati is author of three important works. The first is a 1493 adaptation into Italian ottava rima verse of the account of Christopher Columbus on his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean. The second is the c. 1494 Treatise on the Supreme Prester John, Pope and Emperor of India and Ethiopia in which he poetically adapts earlier descriptions of Prester John and geographically conflates Ethiopia and India. The third is the c. 1495 Second Song of India describing the monsters in Prester John's realm.

## Works

* Calculazione delle ecclissi (in Italian). Roma: Johann Besicken. 1493.
# Ministry of Economy and Finance (Morocco)

The Ministry of Economy and Finance of Morocco is a department of the Government of Morocco in charge of public finances of Morocco.

## Ministers of Economy and Finance

* Abdelkader Benjelloun, December 1955 - October 1956
* Charif Abdellah Chefchaouni, July 1958 - July 1958
* Abderrahim Bouabid, December 1958 - May 1960
* M'hamed Douiri, May 1960 - January 1963
* Driss Slaoui, January 1963 - August 1964
* Mohamed Cherkaoui, August 1964 - June 1965
* Mamoun Tahiri, June 1965 - March 1970
* Abdelkrim Lazrak, March 1970 - August 1971
* Mohammed El M'Daghri, August 1971 - August 1971
* Mohammed Karim Lamrani, August 1971 - April 1972
* Mustapha Faris, April 1972 - November 1972
* Bensalem Ghessous, November 1972 - April 1974
* Abdelkader Benslimane, March 1974 - November 1977
* Abdellatif Ghissassi, October 1977 - March 1979
* Abdelkamel Reghaye, March 1979 - November 1981
* Abdellatif Jouahri, November 1981 - April 1986
* Mohamed Berrada, April 1986 - November 1993
* M'hamed Sagou, November 1993 - July 1994
* Mourad Chrif, July 1994 - February 1995
* Mohammed Kabbaj, February 1995 - August 1997
* Abdelfatah Benmansour, August 1997 - March 1998
* Driss Jettou, August 1997 - March 1998
* Fathallah Oualalou, March 1998 - October 2007
* Salaheddine Mezouar, October 2007 - January 2012
* Nizar Baraka, January 2012 - August 2013
* Idriss Azami Al Idrissi, October 2013 - April 2017
* Mohamed Boussaid, October 2013 - August 2018
* Mohamed Benchaboun, August 2018 - October 2021
* Nadia Fettah Alaoui, October 2021
Source:
# Culture of Guadalajara

The Mexican city of Guadalajara has served, since colonial times, as one of the strongest cultural hubs in the country and, as the capital of the state of Jalisco, it has absorbed, and contributed to adapt, many traditions from neighbouring towns and places. Being the second largest city in Mexico and the tenth most important city in Latin America, Guadalajara's cultural wealth has taken on an important role in the social, professional and economic sectors. Many well-known Mexican symbols have their origin in or around Guadalajara such as tequila, mariachi music, and, more recently, contemporary music such as electronic and rock music.
Guadalajara is a city with a great number of contemporary artists in the country; in dance, theatre, music, photography, cinema, design, architecture, etc.; it also has pioneers in the experimental arts. The federal government represents and supports the cultural movement, but the young people are a very important point in the diffusion, creation, support and consumption of the culture in Guadalajara, becoming a whole lifestyle for Guadalajaran young people. During the last couple of years the city has evolved into a dynamic meeting place for artists, educators and intellectuals.
Artists who were born here include Dr. Atl, Federico Fabregat, Mauricio Toussaint, Scott Neri, Luis Barragán, Paula Santiago, Jonathan Fraulin and Oscar Alvarado. Also ballet dancer Brenda Velez. Among others who took Guadalajara as their home are architects Alexander Zohn, David Rockwell and Mathias Goeritz and painters such as José Fors, Félix Bernardelli, Lucía Maya, Lewis Kant and José Clemente Orozco. Huichol musician Xavier Quijas Yxayotl was also born here. The renowned Nopal Beat Records label is based in Guadalajara. Art movement NeoSon was started in Guadalajara by a group of young musicians, being Josué one of its main exponents. Here was also born actor Enrique Álvarez Félix, who starred in Marisol.
Guadalajara was the 2005 American Capital of Culture.
Some of the events hosted in the city are:
* Guadalajara International Book Fair the second largest Book Fair in the world and the most important event of its kind in the Spanish-speaking world.
* Guadalajara International Film Festival considered the most prestigious film festival in Latin America. It was founded, among others, by Guillermo del Toro.
* CHROMA Independent non-profit visual arts festival. It is financed by ITESO and the University of Guadalajara.
# Creative Differences

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| RapReviews.com | 8.5/10 |
| Tiny Mix Tapes | |
| XLR8R | favorable |
Creative Differences is a studio album by American hip hop group Living Legends. It was released in 2004. The album cover is a reference to The Brady Bunch. It peaked at number 28 on the Billboard Independent Albums chart.

## Critical reception

Stewart Mason of AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5, saying, "early De La Soul's pop-culture giggles, Digital Underground's playful rudeness, A Tribe Called Quest's cross-cultural fearlessness, Public Enemy's sonic fingerprints and the no-rules aesthetic of the Wu-Tang Clan are all touched upon at different points in this sprawling masterwork."

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 28 |
# Maribor Academic Choir

The Maribor Academic Choir is a choir based in Maribor in Slovenia. As of 2008 it is under the presidency of Tilen Žibret and conducted by Hungarian conductor Zsuzsa Budavari-Novak who has led the choir since 2002.
Founded in 1964 it began as a male student cultural association (KUD Študent) conducted by Stane Jurgec but following the establishment of the University of Maribor in 1975 the choir permitted both sexes.

## Past conductors

* Stane Jurgec
* Simon Robinson
* Jože Fürst
# Giuseppe Biancheri

Giuseppe Biancheri (2 December 1821 – 28 October 1908) was an Italian politician and lawyer.
He was the longest serving President of the Chamber of Deputies in united Italian history, having held the position for over 18 years between 1870 and 1907. He was also one of the longest serving Members of the Chamber of Deputies, having served from 1861 until his death in 1908.

## Life and career

Biancheri was born on 2 December 1821 in Ventimiglia. He attended a school of practical-commercial address in Munich, and then attended the University of Turin where he graduated with a law degree in 1846.
He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies of Sardinia for Sanremo in 1853 and was reelected in 1857 and 1860. He was then elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1861. He would be reelected in 1865, 1867, 1870, 1874, 1876, 1880, 1882, 1886, 1890, 1892, 1895, 1897, 1900 and 1904. He served as Minister of the Navy in the Second Ricasoli government from February to April 1867. He was first elected President of the Chamber of Deputies in 1870 and last was elected in 1906, serving for over 18 years.
He died in Turin on 28 October 1908, at the age of 86.

## Honours

Knight of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation - 1895
Knight of the Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus - 1895
Knight of the Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Italy - 1895
# Ministry of Economy and Finance (Spain)

The Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEH) was a ministerial department in the Government of Spain that merged the traditional ministries of Finance and Economy, with competences on economic affairs, public finance and budgets. It was established on two occasions: the first time during the premierships of Felipe González (1982–1996) and the first term of José María Aznar (1996–2000), and the second time during the premiership of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (2004–2011).
Due to its size and the vast amount of competences on economic and finance affairs under its control, it has been often dubbed as a "superministry".

## List of officeholders

Office name:
* Ministry of Economy and Finance (1982–2000; 2004–2011)
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Party | Party | Government | Prime Minister (Tenure) | Prime Minister (Tenure) | Ref. |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Duration | Party | Party | Government | Prime Minister (Tenure) | Prime Minister (Tenure) | Ref. |
| | Miguel Boyer (1939–2014) | 8 December 1982 | 5 July 1985 | 2 years and 209 days | | PSOE | González I | | Felipe González (1982–1996) | [5] [6] |
| | Carlos Solchaga (born 1944) | 5 July 1985 | 26 July 1986 | 8 years and 9 days | | PSOE | González I | | Felipe González (1982–1996) | [7] [8] [9] [10] |
| | Carlos Solchaga (born 1944) | 26 July 1986 | 7 December 1989 | 8 years and 9 days | | PSOE | González II | | Felipe González (1982–1996) | [7] [8] [9] [10] |
| | Carlos Solchaga (born 1944) | 7 December 1989 | 14 July 1993 | 8 years and 9 days | | PSOE | González III | | Felipe González (1982–1996) | [7] [8] [9] [10] |
| | Pedro Solbes (1942–2023) | 14 July 1993 | 6 May 1996 | 2 years and 297 days | | Independent | González IV | | Felipe González (1982–1996) | [11] [12] |
| | Rodrigo Rato (born 1949) | 6 May 1996 | 28 April 2000 | 3 years and 358 days | | PP | Aznar I | | José María Aznar (1996–2004) | [13] [14] |
| Office disestablished during this interval. |||||||||||
| | Pedro Solbes (1942–2023) | 18 April 2004 | 14 April 2008 | 4 years and 354 days | | Independent | Zapatero I | | José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (2004–2011) | [15] [16] [17] |
| | Pedro Solbes (1942–2023) | 14 April 2008 | 7 April 2009 | 4 years and 354 days | | Independent | Zapatero II | | José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (2004–2011) | [15] [16] [17] |
| | Elena Salgado (born 1949) | 7 April 2009 | 22 December 2011 | 2 years and 259 days | | Independent | Zapatero II | | José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (2004–2011) | [18] [19] |
| Office disestablished. |||||||||||
# Cryptomenorrhea

Cryptomenorrhea or cryptomenorrhoea, is a medical condition in which menstrual bleeding occurs but remains hidden due to a congenital septum or atresia blocking the vagina, resulting in symptoms of menstruation without external bleeding. It is commonly seen in cases of imperforate hymen. Specifically the endometrium is shed, but a congenital obstruction such as a vaginal septum or on part of the hymen retains the menstrual flow. A patient with cryptomenorrhea will appear to have amenorrhea but will experience cyclic menstrual pain. The condition is surgically correctable.
The patient usually presents at the age of puberty when the commencement of menstruation blood gets collected in the vagina and gives rise to symptoms.

## Symptoms

Eugonadotropic primary amenorrhea and cyclical lower abdominal pain are the chief presenting complaints of hematocolpos. Patient may be brought in emergency urinary retention.
The only symptoms that may occur in some cases are dysmenorrhea or cyclic abdominal pain.

### Signs

* Abdominal examination: swelling is felt on palpation.
* On vulval inspection: a tense, bulging, bluish membrane is seen, this finding varies according to the thickness of the obstructing membrane. It may be absent in patients with complete or partial vaginal agenesis.
* On rectal examination: a large bulging mass is felt.

### Complications

* hematometra (collection of blood in the uterine cavity)
* hematosalpinx (collection of blood in fallopian tubes)
* endometriosis in long-standing cases
* in severe, untreated forms, infertility and urinary retention

## Diagnosis

Cryptomenorrhea can be easily diagnosed using ultrasound. The vagina is commonly seen filled with blood and the uterus usually appears pushed upward.

## Treatment

A simple cruciate incision followed by excision of tags of hymen allows drainage of the retained menstrual blood. A thicker transverse vaginal septum can be treated with Z-plasty. A blind vagina will require a partial or complete vaginoplasty. Hematosalpinx may require laparotomy or laparoscopy for removal and reconstruction of affected tube.
Infertility may require assisted reproductive techniques.