OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frederic Spotts

Frederic Spotts (born February 2, 1930) is an American former diplomat and cultural historian. He was educated in Swarthmore College, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and Oxford University.

## Works

* Spotts, Frederic (1973). The Churches and Politics in Germany. Wesleyan University Press.
* Spotts, Frederic (1994). Bayreuth: A History of the Wagner Festival. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-06665-4.
* Spotts, Frederic (2003). Hitler and the Power of Aesthetics. Pimlico. ISBN 978-0-7126-6788-3.
* Spotts, Frederic (2008). The Shameful Peace: How French Artists & Intellectuals Survived the Nazi Occupation. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-14237-2.
* Spotts, Frederic (2016). Cursed Legacy: The Tragic Life of Klaus Mann. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-22097-1.
# River Rats

River Rats may refer to:
* Albany River Rats, an ice hockey team in the American Hockey League!
* River Rats, a Hardy Boys novel.
* "River Rats", the seventh episode of All Grown Up!.
# Madagascar martin

The Madagascar martin (Riparia cowani) is a small passerine bird in the swallow family Hirundinidae that is found in montane Madagascar. It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown-throated martin (Riparia paludicola).

## Taxonomy

The Madagascar martin was formally described in 1882 by the English ornithologist Richard Bowdler Sharpe based on specimens collected by the Scottish naturalist William Deans Cowan in montane southeast Madagascar. Sharpe coined the binomial name Cotile cowani, choosing the specific epithet to honour the collector. It is now one of six martins placed in the genus Riparia that was introduced in 1817 by the German naturalist Johann Reinhold Forster. The Madagascar martin was formerly considered to be conspecific with the brown-throated martin (Riparia paludicola) but was split based on the different morphology and vocalization. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
# Nacaome

Nacaome, with a population of 21,310 (2023 calculation), is the capital city of the Valle department of Honduras and the municipal seat of Nacaome Municipality. It is a manufacturing and commercial center located on the banks of the Nacaome River.
Nacaome is an old city founded when aboriginal Cholulas and Chaparrastiques, tired of fighting each other, thought it best to join together to build new houses in the middle of their territory on the west side of the Chapulapa River (the aboriginal name of the Nacaome River). They named the new town Naca-Ome, meaning "union of two races" in their dialects. In Nahuatl Naca means race or body and Ome means two. This foundation happened before the Spanish conquerors came.
Nacaome was affected by Hurricane Stan in October 2005.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2013 Honduras census, Nacaome municipality had a population of 57,345. Of these, 96.20% were Mestizo, 3.22% White, 0.47% Black or Afro-Honduran, 0.08% Indigenous and 0.03% others.
# Lago di Aviasco

Lago di Aviasco is an artificial lake above Valgoglio in the Province of Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy.
# Machilus wangchiana

Machilus wangchiana is a tree of the Lauraceae family and is an avocado species endemic to China.
It was described in 1953 by the botanist Woon Young Chun in 1953 and was published in Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica. It has two synonyms; Persea wangchiana and Persea kadooriei which was described by the botanist André Joseph Guillaume Henri Kostermans in 1981 as published in Journal of South African Botany.
# Computer Research Corporation

The Computer Research Corporation (CRC) was an early developer of minicomputers. It was founded on July 16, 1950.
The founding owners of CRC were Floyd Steele, Donald Eckdahl, Hrant (Harold) Sarkinssian, Richard Sprague, and Irving S. Reed. With the exception of Reed, all members of the CRC had been on the design team for the MADDIDA, a special-purpose digital computer developed from 1946 to 1949 for Northrop. Realizing that a problem-oriented language (POL) could be used to make a general-purpose computer function as a differential analyzer, the MADDIDA design team left Northrup in 1950 to focus on designing general-purpose computers, leading to them to found the CRC. After developing the Cadac, an early minicomputer, the CRC was sold to National Cash Register (NCR) in February 1953, launching NCR into the digital computing business.
# Franz Eschweiler

Franz Eschweiler may refer to:
* Franz C. Eschweiler (1863–1929), American lawyer and judge
* Franz Gerhard Eschweiler (1796–1831), German botanist
# Golden oak (disambiguation)

Golden oak, Quercus alnifolia, is a species of oak tree.
Golden oak may also refer to:
* Golden Oak at Walt Disney World Resort, Florida
* Golden Oak Ranch, California
# Frederic Slater

Frederic Slater (c. 1880–10 March 1947) was an Australian journalist, poet, researcher and "authority on aboriginal folk lore".
In the 1930s, Slater was founder and president of the short-lived Australian Archaeological and Education Research Society, also known as the Australian Archaeological Society. He married Katherine Elizabeth Plowman, who survived him and was executor of his will. They had one son, Ederic Charles James Sutherland Slater, born in January 1923.

## Aboriginal studies

Slater studied Aboriginal place names and archaeological sites and provided information on Aboriginal languages including, for example, the meaning of Canberra and Queanbeyan.

### Egypt theory

His best known contribution, which has been described as pseudoarchaeology, is the claim that Aboriginal Australians came from Egypt, based on carvings at Devil's Rock, Wollombi, in the Royal National Park, Brunswick Heads, and other locations. In 1939, he called the mound south of Brunswick Heads an ancient Aboriginal place of worship before European colonisation.
In an address at Sydney, to the Anthropological Society of New South Wales, he claimed the carvings were especially significant ...totems, symbols and ideographs, which show that the ancestors of original Australians migrated from Egypt in the late paleolithic and the neolithic ages.
Slater's observations and theories have been supported in recent years by other pseudoarchaeologists such as Steven Strong.
Slater also published in Mankind, the journal of the Australian Anthropological Society.

## Published works

* Slater, F. 1937, Interpretation of the Drawings of Barragurra and Yango, ANZUS, Auckland 1937.
* Slater, F., 'Geographical nomenclature: Larmer's native names of points at Port Jackson', Mankind, Volume 1, Issue 9, pages 213–218, May 1934, (or June 1934) Australian Anthropological Society.
# Portugal at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships

Portugal competed at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships in Shanghai, China between July 16 and 31, 2011.

## Open water swimming
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Position |
| Arseniy Lavrentyev | Men's 10km | 2:03:51.9 | 47 |

## Swimming

Portugal qualified 7 swimmers.

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heats | Heats | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Alexandre Agostinho | Men's 50m Freestyle | 22.81 | 32 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Alexandre Agostinho | Men's 100m Freestyle | 50.71 | 45 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Carlos Almeida | Men's 100m Breaststroke | 1:02.13 | 42 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Carlos Almeida | Men's 200m Breaststroke | 2:14.86 | 29 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Simao Morgado | Men's 100m Butterfly | 53.01 | 22 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Duarte Mourao | Men's 200m Butterfly | 1:59.81 | 28 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Diogo Carvalho | Men's 200m individual medley | 1:59.51 | 9 Q | 1:59.84 | 12 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Diogo Carvalho | Men's 400m IM | 4:18.68 | 14 | | | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heats | Heats | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Sara Oliveira | Women's 50m Butterfly | 27.75 | 30 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Sara Oliveira | Women's 100m Butterfly | 59.93 | 32 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Sara Oliveira | Women's 200m Butterfly | 2:11.37 | 24 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Nadia Vieira | Women's 200m IM | 2:19.74 | 28 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Nadia Vieira | Women's 400m IM | 4:51.65 | 28 | | | did not advance | did not advance |
# Max Delbrück Medal

The Max Delbrück Medal has been awarded annually from 1992 to 2013 by the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (German: Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin or MDC). Named after the German biophysicist Max Delbrück, it is presented in Berlin to an outstanding scientist on the occasion of the annual "Berlin Lecture on Molecular Medicine", which the MDC organizes together with other Berlin research institutions and Bayer HealthCare. The award recipient usually delivers a lecture after the award.

## Recipients

Source: MDC
* 1992: Günter Blobel, Rockefeller University of New York, US
* 1993: no award
* 1994: Sydney Brenner, Cambridge University, England
* 1995: Jean-Pierre Changeux, Pasteur Institute, Paris
* 1996: Robert Allan Weinberg, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, US
* 1997: Charles Weissmann, Zürich University, Switzerland
* 1998: Svante Pääbo, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
* 1999: Paul Berg, Stanford University, US
* 2000: Joan A. Steitz, Yale University, New Haven, US
* 2001: Eric Lander, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, US
* 2002: Roger Tsien, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) und University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, US
* 2003: Ronald D. G. McKay [de], National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, US
* 2004: Victor J. Dzau, Duke University, Durham (US)
* 2005: Tom Rapoport, Harvard Medical School, Boston/US
* 2006: Rudolf Jaenisch, Whitehead Institute and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge/US
* 2007: Thomas Tuschl, Rockefeller University in New York, US
* 2008: William E. Paul, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, US
* 2009: Klaus Rajewsky, Harvard Medical School, Boston, US
* 2010: Susan Lindquist, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US
* 2011: Hans Schöler, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster
* 2012: no award?
* 2013: Irving Weissman, Stanford University School of Medicine
# NGC 317

NGC 317 is a pair of interacting galaxies, consisting of a lenticular galaxy NGC 317A (also designated as PGC 3442) and a spiral galaxy NGC 317B (also designated as PGC 3445), in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 1, 1885 by Lewis Swift.
Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 317B: SN 1999gl (type II, mag. 16.2), and SN 2014dj (type Ic, mag. 17).
# Lago di Canterno

Lago di Canterno is a lake in the Province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy.
# Machilus kurzii

Machilus kurzii is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to mainland tropical Asia.

## Description

Machilus kurzii is a small to medium-sized tree, growing 8 to 15 meters tall.

## Range and habitat

Machilus kurzii ranges from the Eastern Himalayas in the west through northern Indochina and southern China (Yunnan province).
It is native to montane evergreen broadleaf forests and secondary growth, sometimes over limestone, between 800 and 2,000 meters elevation.

## Human use

In Laos, the bark of Machilus kurzii, known as bong tree or yangbong, is harvested for gum and aromatic oils which are used to make incense sticks. Bong tree bark from wild trees has been over-harvested from wild trees, and wild tree populations have declined significantly. Since the early 2000s Laotians have been establishing hillside commercial bong tree plantations.
# KME Group

The KME Group is one of the world's largest copper producers. It was formed from the merging of several copper producers: Kabelmetal AG in Osnabrück (formerly called OKD - Osnabrücker Kupfer und Drahtwerke), Stolberger Metallwerke, Tréfimétaux SA in France, and Europa Metalli.
The Group is under the majority ownership of the SMI (Societa Metallurgica Italiana).
# Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's C-1 1000 metres

The men's C-1 1000 metres event was an open-style, individual canoeing event conducted as part of the Canoeing at the 1968 Summer Olympics program. Heat times were given in tenths of a second (0.1) while the semifinal and final events were given in hundredths of a second (0.01) in the official report.

## Medallists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Tibor Tatai (HUN) | Detlef Lewe (FRG) | Vitaly Galkov (URS) |

## Results
### Heats

Twelve competitors were entered, but eleven took part. Held on October 22, the top three in each heat move on to final with the others relegated to the semifinal.

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Canoer | Country | Time | Notes |
| 1. | Ivan Patzaichin | Romania | 4:28.3 | QF |
| 2. | Ove Emanuelsson | Sweden | 4:32.4 | QF |
| 3. | Christopher Hook | Canada | 4:34.9 | QF |
| 4. | Vitaly Galkov | Soviet Union | 4:35.4 | QS |
| 5. | Boris Lyubenov | Bulgaria | 4:36.2 | QS |
| 6. | Félipe Ojeda | Mexico | 4:47.3 | QS |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Canoer | Country | Time | Notes |
| 1. | Detlef Lewe | West Germany | 4:24.5 | QF |
| 2. | Tibor Tatai | Hungary | 4:25.5 | QF |
| 3. | Jiří Čtvrtečka | Czechoslovakia | 4:28.3 | QF |
| 4. | Andreas Weigand | United States | 4:30.0 | QS |
| 5. | Tetsumasa Yamaguchi | Japan | 4:33.3 | QS |
| - | Jürgen Harpke | East Germany | Did not start | |
In the official report, Emanuelsson's first name is listed as Sten.

### Semifinal

Only the five canoeists who did not advance from the first round competed in the semifinal. Taking place on October 24, the top three finishers advanced to the final.
| Rank | Canoer | Country | Time | Notes |
| 1. | Vitaly Galkov | Soviet Union | 4:34.17 | QF |
| 2. | Boris Lyubenov | Bulgaria | 4:35.82 | QF |
| 3. | Andreas Weigand | United States | 4:37.11 | QF |
| 4. | Félipe Ojeda | Mexico | 4:43.20 | |
| 5. | Tetsumasa Yamaguchi | Japan | 4:54.61 | |

### Final

The final took place on October 25.
| Rank | Canoer | Country | Time |
| | Tibor Tatai | Hungary | 4:36.14 |
| | Detlef Lewe | West Germany | 4:38.31 |
| | Vitaly Galkov | Soviet Union | 4:40.42 |
| 4. | Jiří Čtvrtečka | Czechoslovakia | 4:40.74 |
| 5. | Boris Lyubenov | Bulgaria | 4:43.43 |
| 6. | Ove Emanuelsson | Sweden | 4:45.80 |
| 7. | Ivan Patzaichin | Romania | 4:49.32 |
| 8. | Andreas Weigand | United States | 4:50.42 |
| 9. | Christopher Hook | Canada | 4:55.88 |
Tatai qualified as a reserve for the Hungarian team, but won decisively after driving the other finalists to exhaustion.
# Goniobranchus tasmaniensis

Goniobranchus tasmaniensis is a species of colourful sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Chromodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from Tasmania, Australia. It is one of a group of similar red-spotted chromodorids from south-eastern Australia which form a mimicry ring.

## Description

Goniobranchus tasmaniensis is a chromodorid nudibranch which has a translucent white mantle with scattered orange or red spots. The edge of the mantle is opaque white and somewhat swollen and ruffled in resting animals. Compare with Goniobranchus splendidus, Goniobranchus hunterae and Goniobranchus daphne which all have similar coloration.

## Ecology

This species feeds on the sponge Darwinella gardineri.
# Prohalecites

Prohalecites is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Ladinian and possibly Carnian (Triassic) of Italy. It is the oldest known teleosteomorph, a group that includes extant teleosts and their close fossil relatives.
The type and only known species, Prohalecites porroi, was first described as "Pholidophorus porroi" by Cristoforo Bellotti, but it was later accommodated in its own genus by Wilhelm Deecke. The species "Pholidophorus" microlepidotus has occasionally been included in this genus as well, but it differed greatly from P. porroi in several respects, indicating that it was not closely related.
Species of Prohalecites are small, often measuring not more than 4 centimetres (1.6 in) in body length.
# Maúa District

Maúa District is a district of Niassa Province in north-western Mozambique. The principal town is Maúa.
* Area: 7,976 km$^2$.
* Population (est. 2005): 52,852
# Brunotte

Brunotte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gary Brunotte (born 1948), American musician
* Heinz Brunotte (1896–1984), German Lutheran theologian
* Herm Brunotte (1921–2010), American basketball player
* Karl Gottfried Brunotte (born 1958), German classical composer and music philosopher
# Canon ELPH

Canon ELPH may refer to:
* Canon Digital IXUS series, sold as the PowerShot Digital ELPH in US and Canada
* Canon ELPH (series)
** Canon ELPH (camera), introduced in 1996
# Dimethylaminopivalophenone

Dimethylaminopivalophenone is an opioid analgesic with a potency ½ that of morphine. It was initially discovered by Russian scientists in 1954 and subsequently rediscovered in the US in 1969. Its LD$_{50}$ in mice is 83 mg/kg. It has never been marketed commercially.
# KSIF

KSIF may refer to:
* KSIF (FM), a radio station (91.7 FM) licensed to serve Wellington, Texas, United States
* Rockingham County NC Shiloh Airport (ICAO code KSIF)
# Campion School, Bugbrooke

Campion School is a co-educational secondary school in Bugbrooke, about 6 miles (10 km) from Northampton, Northamptonshire. Founded in 1969, it became a Language College in September 1997, and in 2011 the school became an academy. The school had 1397 students on roll for the 2014-2015 school year, with 71 teaching staff and 19 teaching assistants. In 2020 the school had 1738 students on roll, 69 Teaching staff and 21 teaching assistants. On 1 September 2023, Campion School & Language College became part of the United Learning Trust.

## History

The original buildings were built from 1966 to 1968 by the county architect's department and it was the first purpose-built comprehensive school in Northamptonshire. Extensions were added in 1971-2.

## Performance and achievement

The school's latest full Ofsted inspection was in 2018, when the school was found to be "insufficient" in all areas, except for the sixth form. A section 8 report in 2015 which focused on the progress of disadvantaged students (the main weakness in the previous report) showed mixed results.

### GCSE achievement (English and Maths)

| Year | % A*-C | % 9-5 | % 9-4 |
| 2011 | 69 | | |
| 2012 | 70 | | |
| 2013 | 78 | | |
| 2014 | 54 | | |
| 2015 | 61 | | |
| 2016 | | | |
| 2017 | | 50 | 72 |
| 2018 | | 45 | 68 |
| 2019 | | 46 | 73 |
Source:

## Catchment area

The following are among the school's current catchment area:
* Bugbrooke
* Harpole
* Kislingbury
* Flore
* Great Brington
* Little Brington
* Nobottle
* Whilton
* Cold Higham
* Grimscote
* Weedon
* Gayton
* Pattishall
* Rothersthorpe
* Milton Malsor
* Dalscote
* Astcote
* Eastcote, Northamptonshire
* Upton

## Notable former pupils

* Trevor Lock, comedian and playwright.
* Tom MacRae, TV and film and playwright
* Jo Whiley, BBC Radio 2 presenter.
* Claire Hazelgrove, Politician
* Dan Gilkes, speedway rider
# Gonçalo Vasques Coutinho, 2nd Marshal of Portugal

Gonçalo Vasques Coutinho (1360s–1410s) was a Portuguese nobleman, 2nd Marshal of Portugal, who served as alcaide-mór of Trancoso and Lamego.

## Biography

Gonçalo Vasques Coutinho was born in Portugal, son of Vasco Fernandes Coutinho and Beatriz Gonçalves de Moura, belonging to the Lusitanian nobility. He served as Copeiro-mor of Philippa of Lancaster, the Queen consort of Portugal.
Coutinho was a distinguished military man, who participated in the Battle of Trancoso. He also served as alcaide of Trancoso and Lamego.
Coutinho was married twice, first with Leonor Gonçalves de Azevedo, daughter of Gonçalo Vasques de Azevedo and Inês Afonso. And second to Joana de Albuquerque, daughter of Fernando Afonso de Albuquerque, alcaide da Guarda, and an English lady, Laura.
# MUG

MUG may refer to:
* Macintosh User Group
* MUMPS User Group
* Meet-up game, a term for pick-up game
* Multi-User Game, another term for multiplayer video game
* 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide, a substrate used in the GUS reporter system
* Double-stranded uracil-DNA glycosylase, an enzyme
* The Medical University of Gdańsk in Poland
* Male Un-bifurcated Garment, a technical term for men's skirts
* IATA airport code for Mulegé Airstrip, near Mulegé, Baja California Sur, Mexico
# Demons of Insanity – Chapter Five

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Demons of Insanity – Chapter Five is the fifth studio album by the German power metal band Metalium, released in 2005.

## Track listing

* "Earth in Pain" (Lars Ratz, Michael Ehré) - 1:08
* "Power of Time" (Ratz) - 4:13
* "Demons of Insanity" (Matthias Lange, Ratz) - 4:29
* "Cyber Horizon" (Ehré) - 5:24
* "Ride On" (Ehré) - 6:02
* "Endless Believer" (Ratz) - 8:06
* "Sky Is Falling" (Ratz) - 4:28
* "Destiny" (Ehré) - 4:47
* "Mother Earth" (Henning Basse, Ratz) - 4:12
* "Out of the Silence" (Ratz) - 4:32
* "Atrocity" (Ratz) - 3:38
* "Silence of the Night" (Ratz) - 6:02
* "Visions of Paradise" (Ehré) - 4:02
* "One by One" (Ehré) - 5:10
* "Heavy Metal Crazy Night" - 4:06 (Japan bonus track)

## Personnel
### Band members

* Henning Basse - lead and backing vocals
* Matthias Lange - guitars, backing vocals, co-producer, engineer
* Lars Ratz - bass, guitar, backing vocals, producer, engineer, mixing, mastering
* Michael Ehré - drums, guitar, backing vocals, co-producer

### Additional musicians

* Don Airey – keyboards, Moog synthesizer
* Victor Bullock – guitar solo on track 10, engineer, editing, mixing
* Markus Deml – guitar solo on tracks 7, 8, 9
* Stefan Schlabritz - voice of the Metal God
* Fred H. Ranzenberger - tenor

### Production

* Christian Jungebluth – engineer, editing, mastering, drum engineering
* Florian Sommer – mixing
* Ralph Kessler – mastering
* Frans Mensink – cover art
* Friedrun Reinhold (German) – photography
* Kai Swillus – graphic design, booklet
# Bone morphogenetic protein receptor

Bone morphogenetic protein receptors are serine-threonine kinase receptors. Transforming growth factor beta family proteins bind to these receptors. There are four bone morphogenetic protein receptors:
* Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type 1:
** ACVR1
** BMPR1A
** BMPR1B
* Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type 2

## Structure

Both type 1 and 2 bone morphogenetic protein receptors have a single transmembrane segment. Additionally, both types have a cysteine-rich extracellular domain and a cytoplasmic serine threonine kinase domain. Type 1 contains a glycine-serine-rich domain to be phosphorylated by type 2 kinase domain, initiating the signaling transduction pathway of the SMAD signaling cascade. The wrist epitope motif on BMP-2 has a high-affinity binding site for BMPR-IA. The knuckle epitope motif on BMP-2 has a low-affinity binding site for BMPR-II.
# Brunori

Brunori is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brunori Sas (born Dario Brunori; 1977), Italian singer
* Federigo Brunori (1566–1649), Italian painter
* Matteo Brunori (born 1994), Italian footballer
* Veronica Brunori (born 2000), Italian karateka