OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm

Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm is the second album of the Finnish composer Osmo Tapio Räihälä, released in 2014. The music on the album is performed by the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, and two solo performers, the French horn player Jukka Harju and the pianist Matilda Kärkkäinen. The album consists of five works, written between 1999 and 2012. The opening track on the album, Barlinnie Nine, is a "musical portrait" of the Scottish ex-football player and Everton cult hero, Duncan Ferguson. The last track, Ardbeg (The Ultimate Piece for Orchestra) is a "musical landscape" of the Inner Hebrides island Islay, and an hommage to its single malt whisky tradition, and in particular Ardbeg.

## Personnel

* Osmo Tapio Räihälä – composer, producer (all tracks)
* Timo Ruottinen – executive producer (all tracks)
* Sakari Oramo – conductor (1)
* Dima Slobodeniouk – conductor (3, 5)
* Jukka Harju – French horn (2)
* Matilda Kärkkäinen – piano (4)

## Media reception

Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm received positive reviews in the music media, and is so far Räihälä's major critical success. For example, the Gramophone magazine stated that "This is a well-recorded disc of attractive music, well worth investigating".
In 2015, Peat, Smoke & Seaweed Storm was nominated for the Independent Music Awards for the best Contemporary Classical album award.
# Francisco Peralta del Campo

Francisco Peralta del Campo (1837, Seville - 1897, Rome) was a Spanish painter; now best remembered for his costumbrista and Orientalist scenes.

## Biography

He began his studies at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Isabel de Hungría with Antonio Cabral Bejarano and the history painter, Eduardo Cano [es].
From 1864 to 1866, he participated in the National Exhibition of Fine Arts with, successively, La Primavera (Spring), Un Frutero (Fruit Seller) and Un pensamiento (Contemplation), obtaining honorable mention.
In 1868, he travelled to Italy, in the company of his fellow Spanish artists, José Villegas Cordero and Luis Jiménez Aranda. He would remain there for the rest of his life; mostly in Rome, although he spent long periods in Venice. Many of his works were "casacones" (small paintings for the home), a very popular genre featuring courtly scenes from the 17th and 18th centuries.
His canvases, Caballero de Casaca (Gentleman in a Jacket) and Retrato de señora con el fondo rojo (Portrait of a Woman with Red Background) may be seen at the Museo del Prado. Another major work, Firma de esponsales (Signing the Engagement Contract) is in the Colección Bellver [es].
# Rivière du Lorrain

The Rivière du Lorrain is a river of Martinique. It flows into the Caribbean Sea near Le Lorrain. It is 18.4 km (11.4 mi) long. The river valley of Lorrain is a popular site for hiking and picnics.
# Karl Joel (philosopher)

Karl Joel (27 March 1864 – 23 July 1934) was a German philosopher and professor.
Joel was born in Hirschberg, Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia, and died in Walenstadt, Switzerland. His father was a rabbi who studied under Schelling. Joel was a professor at the University of Basel from 1902. His father R. Herman Joel, had been a pupil of Schelling and apparently had a great influence on his son's attitude toward philosophy. He was born in Hirschberg, studied in Leipzig, and spent some time in Berlin (1887–92), where he became a friend of Georg Simmel. In 1897 he was appointed to the University of Basle, where he taught until his death.
Joel called his philosophical system "New Idealism." He defended the completeness of philosophy against the attempts to divide it up into "specialized" branches and compartments, and he emphasized the necessity of a comprehensive outlook. He opposed methodological positivism and metaphysical naturalism and sought to ridicule those who claimed "objectivity" in the study of reality, that is, spiritual activity deprived of all subjective and emotional ingredients. One of his famous quotes is, "I lie on the seashore, the sparkling flood blue-shimmering in my dreamy eyes; light breezes flutter in the distance; the thud of the waves, charging and breaking over in foam, beats thrillingly and drowsily upon the shore---or upon the ear? I cannot tell. The far and the near become blurred into one; outside and inside merge into one another. Nearer and nearer, friendlier, like a homecoming, sounds the thud of the waves; now, like a thundering pulse, they beat in my head, now they beat over my soul, wrapping it round, consuming it, while at the same time my soul floats out of me as a blue waste of waters. Outside and inside are one. The whole symphony of sensations fades away into one tone, all senses become one sense, which is one with feeling; the world expires in the soul and the soul dissolves in the world."

## Literary works

* Wandlungen der Weltanschauung, 2 Bde., 1928–34
* Nietzsche und die Romantik, 1905
* Ursprung der Naturphilosophie aus dem Geiste der Mystik, 1906
* Seele und Welt: Versuch einer organischen Auffassung, 1912
* Geschichte der antiken Philosophie, 1. Bd., 1921
# Geniostoma huttonii

Geniostoma huttonii is a flowering plant in the Loganiaceae family. The specific epithet honours Ian Hutton who discovered the species in the course of his explorations of the Island.

## Description

It is a scrambling shrub, growing to 1 m in height. The ovate leaves are 2–3 cm long and 1–1.6 cm wide. The inflorescence is less than 1 cm long, bearing 1–3 very small flowers.

## Distribution and habitat

The plant is endemic to Australia’s subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It is rare and very local, being known only from the slopes of Mount Lidgbird.
# Eileen Fairbairn

Eileen Fairbairn (27 June 1893 – 9 August 1981) was a New Zealand teacher and geographer who pioneered the teaching of modern geography in New Zealand secondary schools.

## Biography

Fairbairn was born in Dunedin, New Zealand on 27 June 1893. Her parents were Ada Pilkington and her husband, Andrew Fairbairn, a "commercial traveller" who shared with her his passion for climbing. Eileen Fairbairn, in turn, nurtured her love for mountains and mountaineering. In 1906 she walked the 53.5 km Milford track on the South Island with her family. Her passion for nature would later focus her interest in geography.
Fairbairn attended Christchurch Girls’ High School and then Canterbury College (now University of Canterbury), graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1915. In 1921 she began teaching at Girls’ High School but her father disapproved of her having a career, so for several years, she continued to live at home and drew no salary.
In 1927 she was in Cambridge, England, earning a diploma in the study of geography at Newnham College there. By 1929 she had returned to New Zealand and Girls’ High School to teach geography, biology and mathematics. At the time geography was not recognised as a separate field of study in New Zealand. "Eileen Fairbairn brought new perspectives to the curriculum, including field trips and the making of relief models. Later she would comment that the new methods were introduced ‘in the face of Departmental opposition which now seems ludicrous’".
In 1942 Fairbairn officially retired from the Girls’ High but returned to do substitute teaching and to take classes at St Andrew’s College and Christ’s College during World War II.

### Geographer

She was an enthusiastic tramper and an associate member of the New Zealand Alpine Club, climbing extensively in the Mt Cook region.
In 1928, Fairbairn was the first geographer from New Zealand to participate in the International Geographical Congress.
In retirement Fairbairn widely travelled and attended international geographical conferences. Her special interests were "the effects of landscape on people and the processes that formed mountains." In 1956 while in Brazil, she made a detailed study of coffee-growing lands, and in 1960 she journeyed north from Sweden into Finland to examine the effects of glaciation.
Fairbairn was a founding member of the Canterbury branch of the New Zealand Geographical Society. She became president in 1961 and in 1973 was named one of its first life members.
Fairbairn never married and died in Christchurch on 9 August 1981 at 88 years of age.
The University of Canterbury awards the Eileen Fairbairn Award to the top geography master's student, who wears the Fairbairn gown at graduation.

## Select publications

* Fairbairn, Eileen. "Geographical congress in Brazil." New Zealand Geographer 13.1 (1957): 84–84.

## Literature

* Banks, Eileen. "Miss Eileen Fairbairn." New Zealand Journal of Geography 72.1 (1982): 22–22.
* Matthews, Kay Morris. "'Imagining Home': women graduate teachers abroad 1880–1930." History of Education 32.5 (2003): 529–545.
# Concordia Parish Courthouse

The Concordia Parish Courthouse, at 405 Carter Street in Vidalia in Concordia Parish, Louisiana, was built in 1939. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
The 1939 courthouse replaced an earlier one, demolished when, as part of a flood control project, the town of Vidalia was moved six blocks inland from the Mississippi River. It is a four-story brick and stone building with restrained Art Deco architecture. It has three-story wings on its sides and a small one-story wing on the rear. It was designed by J.W. Smith and Associates and was built by the M.T. Reed Construction Company.
The first floor originally was parish and school board offices, with the second and third floors used for courts and the fourth story used as a jail.
In 2019 the building is the Vidalia branch of Concordia Parish Library. The main entrance is what had been the courthouse's rear one, at 408 Texas Street.
# Peach Creek, West Virginia

Peach Creek is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. Peach Creek is located on the east bank of the Guyandotte River across from West Logan. Peach Creek has a post office with ZIP code 25639. The community was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
The community took its name from Peach Creek, which flows through the center of town.
# Era 4.0

Era 4.0 is the fourth studio album by the French gothic metal band Penumbra, released on November 27, 2015 under their own record label.
It represented a return to the recording studio for the band after 12 years of absence.

## Track listing

All songs written by Jarlath (Maxime Meheust).
* "New Era" (01:58)
* "Insane?" (02:43)
* "Charon" (04:02)
* "Save My World" (04:44)
* "Exhumed" (04:21)
* "Insidious" (04:03)
* "Eerie Shelter" (05:32)
* "Before Oblivion" (04:54)
* "Avalon" (04:26)
* "Malice in Wonderland" (03:27)

## Personnel
### Penumbra

* Jarlaath - Vocals, Keyboards, Lyrics
* Agone - Bass, Vocals (backing)
* Neo - Guitars
* Arathelis - Drums
* Loic - Guitars
* Asphodel - Vocals
* Zoltan - Keyboards, Orchestrations

### Additional musicians

* Tatiana Probst, Amelie Robins - Vocals (soprano)
* Cecile Meltzer - Vocals (mezzo-soprano)
* Guilhem Souyri - Baritone
* Pierre Bessiere - Bass
* Thomas D'Arbigny - Guitars and bass (additional)
* Loic Taillebrest - Bagpipes

### Production

* Mario Sanchez Nevado - Artwork, Design
* Julien Portrat - Recording, Mixing
* Xavier Robin - Recording, Mixing
* Jens Bogren - Mastering
* Pablo de Selva - Photography
# List of Russian armies in World War I

Russian army formations in World War I include:
* 1st Army
* 2nd Army
* 3rd Army
* 4th Army
* 5th Army
* 6th Army
* 7th Army
* 8th Army
* 9th Army
* 10th Army
* 11th Army
* 12th Army
* 13th Army
* Caucasus Army
* Dobruja Army
* Danube Army
* Special Army
# Electronic oscillation

Electronic oscillation is a repeating cyclical variation in voltage or current in an electrical circuit, resulting in a periodic waveform. The frequency of the oscillation in hertz is the number of times the cycle repeats per second.
The recurrence may be in the form of a varying voltage or a varying current. The waveform may be sinusoidal or some other shape when its magnitude is plotted against time. Electronic oscillation may be intentionally caused, as in devices designed as oscillators, or it may be the result of unintentional positive feedback from the output of an electronic device to its input. The latter appears often in feedback amplifiers (such as operational amplifiers) that do not have sufficient gain or phase margins. In this case, the oscillation often interferes with or compromises the amplifier's intended function, and is known as parasitic oscillation.
# Francisco Pelsaert

Francisco Pelsaert (c. 1595 – September 1630) was a Dutch merchant who worked for the Dutch East India Company (VOC) best known for his role as the commander of the Batavia. The ship ran aground in the Houtman Abrolhos, off the coastal regions of Western Australia in June 1629, which led to a massacre of the survivors orchestrated by Jeronimus Cornelisz.

## Background

Born in Antwerp, Pelsaert joined the Dutch East India Company and sailed to India in 1618, where he was posted as a junior merchant, spending seven years in Agra during which time he became a senior merchant. After a brief return to the United Provinces in 1628, he departed for Java soon after in command of the Batavia.

## Batavia

During the voyage from the Texel to Java, a company official, Jeronimus Cornelisz, and the ship's skipper Ariaen Jacobsz, had plotted but never attempted a mutiny against Pelsaert. Before this was possible, the ship had been wrecked. The wreck of the Batavia took place on Morning Reef, about 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) to the south of what is now known as Beacon Island. Of the 341 passengers and crew, about 40 drowned early on while trying to reach a small island, while the rest succeeded in getting ashore. After a brief search of the island and several nearby islands, the commander realized that the islands held no natural water source, and eventually decided to head for Batavia to get help. He left with the ship's longboat and a party of 48 officers and passengers, including one baby in arms. All survived the voyage.
Though neither sailor nor soldier, Cornelisz was the most senior VOC official left behind. After the departure of Pelsaert and Jacobsz, he assumed control of the social situation. Cornelisz and his men then began a reign of terror, murdering over 100 men, women, and children before they finally found resistance from a group of soldiers under the command of Wiebbe Hayes, who had been exiled to a neighbouring island. In October 1629, after a four-month absence, Pelsaert returned to the islands on the VOC's ship Sardam. Cornelisz had been captured weeks earlier by Hayes' men, and he and his followers were tried and most were executed. After several weeks spent trying to salvage the Batavia's goods, Pelsaert and the survivors returned to Java.

## Later life

Pelsaert's health had suffered from the hardships, but nevertheless he took part in an expedition to Sumatra. He died in September 1630, soon after his return to Batavia. He does not seem to have taken his seat in the High Government at Batavia for which he had been selected as extraordinary member in 1629. Little of his life earnings were eventually passed to his elderly mother. He had no offspring, and no heirs for his fortune. In the end, the Dutch East India Company retained most of his earnings.
Pelsaert had secretly acquired a large sum of unauthorized goods and money before his death. These were discovered by the Dutch East India Company, and confiscated.
# Riverbeds (band)

Riverbeds is a Canadian post-rock/emo band from Montreal, Quebec formed in 2010. The band made its recording debut in 2012 with the EP Hiding Small Things in Obvious Places which was released on November 24 at Panda Bar. Riverbeds musical style has been described by Indecent Xposure as being influenced by "Thrice, The Almost and Circa Survive amongst others". The band shared the stage with both local and international bands, including Daylight (now Superheaven), Tyler Daniel Bean and Stuck On Planet Earth.
In March 2014, it was announced that Riverbeds will be playing Pouzza Fest on a bill including The Swellers, The Hotelier and Christie Front Drive. The show took place on May 17, 2014.
The work on their second EP began in 2014 while still playing shows in and around the Montreal area. The album title What You Keep Close was announced in December with a release date of February 5, 2015, for both physical and digital copies.
Following two previous EP, the band decided to write enough material to go on what would be their first full length. CARE was released on June 20, 2019

## Band members

* Alexandre Duhamel Gingras – bass, backing vocals
* Charles-André Chamard – drums, lead vocals
* Fred Béland – guitar, backing vocals
* Vincent Pigeon – lead vocals, guitar

## Discography
### LP

* CARE (2019)

### EP

* Hiding Small Things in Obvious Places (2012)
* What You Keep Close (2015)

### Single

* Removing The Head (Or Destroying The Brain)/End of the World (2011)
# Karel Čáslavský

Karel Čáslavský (28 January 1937 in Lipnice nad Sázavou – 2 January 2013 in Prague) was a Czech film historian and television host. Čáslavský worked as a historian for the National Film Archive (Národní filmový archiv) of the Czech Republic (and Czechoslovakia) from 1963 until his death in 2013.
Čáslavský created and hosted several television shows including the long-running In Search of Lost Time, which aired on Czech TV for more than twenty years. In the series, In Search of Lost Time, Čáslavský presented, discussed and aired archival films. Čáslavský also authored a two volume biography series on Czech and Czechoslovak film actors.
Čáslavský died in Prague on 2 January 2013, at the age of 75.
# Geelong Airport

Geelong Airport (IATA: GEX, ICAO: YGLG) was a small airfield specifically for light aircraft located in Mount Duneed, Victoria, Australia. It was primarily used for scenic flights and private aircraft, and was located in the local government area of the City of Greater Geelong.
The airport contained two gravel/tarmac runways: north/south and east/west. Though commercial airlines had attempted to fly services to Geelong in the past, they chose to use the more developed airport at Avalon, located to the north side of Melbourne. Operations from Avalon also proved to be unsuccessful. Other airports in the area are at Barwon Heads (ICAO: YBRS), the Torquay Airport and the Tiger Moth World at 325 Blackgate Rd.
The site is also used to record wind and weather measurements for the area. Geelong airport was sold to property developers to allow for the expansion of the urban sprawl of Geelong. The airport closed on 31 December 2011.
Since 2011 closure and later redevelopment, only the former office building and a hangar remained. While the hangar has been retained for future use, the office building, although repainted, was allowed to decay and became a target for vandalism. On 10 September 2022, a suspicious fire damaged the office building beyond repair. It was demolished a month later.
# Edward Tupper

Edward Tupper (12 April 1872 – 22 October 1942) was a British trade unionist active in the National Sailors' and Firemen's Union, who was particularly prominent in the 1911 strike in Cardiff.
Born in Worthing in West Sussex, Tupper joined the British Army in 1888, but was soon discharged on medical grounds. He joined the Liberal Party, and in 1903 was asked to be a Liberal-Labour candidate in Buckingham at the next general election, but turned this down.
In 1910, Tupper met Havelock Wilson, leader of the National Sailors' and Firemen's Union (NSFU). Impressed by Tupper's skills, Wilson employed him as a private detective, and then in various union roles. Tupper was prominent in organising the 1911 seamen's strike. By this time, he had invented a colourful history for himself. In a newspaper article, Tupper claimed to have been born in Hamilton, Ontario. However this and a number of other claims — that he had been a captain, that he was awarded the VC and that he had trained for the priesthood in a monastery – have not been substantiated and do not appear in his autobiography. Numerous travel logs for Tupper list his place of birth as England, and there is no record of his birth in Ontario.
Tupper attended the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Delegates held on 3 June 1917 in Leeds.
Tupper served as National Organiser of the union for many years, until his retirement in 1936.
# Concordat of 24 October 1817

The Concordat of 24 October 1817 was a concordat signed on 24 October 1817 between the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Holy See.
Secularization of church property and the mediatisation of the ecclesiastical estates in the former Holy Roman Empire marked the demise of the former imperial church and necessitated a reorganization of relations between the German states and the Roman Catholic Church. In 1806 Bavaria opened negotiations for a concordat, which were shelved in 1807, but in 1814 Bavaria's Foreign Minister and Interior Minister began preparing for fresh negotiations. These opened in 1816, with talks led by Bavaria's minister to the Holy See, bishop Johann Casimir Häffelin. On 5 July 1817 he signed the text of a concordat without consulting the Bavarian government, but Bavaria did not wish to snub the Holy See by vetoing that signature and so it was ratified by Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria on 24 October the same year, after Bavaria renegotiated a few minor changes.

## Sources

* Eberhard Weis: Das Konkordat von 1817, das Religions- und Protestantenedikt von 1818, die Tegernseer Erklärung von 1821. In: Ders: Die Begründung des modernen bayerischen Staates unter König Max I. (1799–1825) (§5 Die innere Entwicklung seit Montgelas' Sturz (1817–1825)). In: Alois Schmid (ed.): Handbuch der bayerischen Geschichte. Band 4,1. München 2003, 109–113.
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# Eremiaphila petiti

Eremiaphila petiti is a species of praying mantis found in Egypt.
# Riverbend, Calgary

Riverbend is a residential neighbourhood in the southeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by Glenmore Trail, to the east by 24 Street E and to the west by Deerfoot Trail. It is developed in the Bow River floodplain, on its escarpment and the upland plain.
Riverbend was established as a neighbourhood in 1982. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 9 councillor.

## Demographics

In the City of Calgary's 2013 municipal census, Riverbend had a population of 9,682 living in 3,450 dwellings, nearly identical to its 2012 population of 9,684. With a land area of 4.1 km$^2$ (1.6 sq mi), it had a population density of 2,361/km$^2$ (6,120/sq mi) in 2013.
Residents in this community had a median household income of $78,574 in 2000, and there were 6.1% low income residents living in the neighbourhood. As of 2000, 17.3% of the residents were immigrants. A proportion of 2.5% of the buildings were condominiums or apartments, and 3.5% of the housing was used for renting.

## Education

This neighbourhood has one public elementary school: Riverbend Elementary School (K-6), and one Catholic school: Holy Angels Elementary School. (K-6)
# National Democratic Front (Guyana)

The National Democratic Front (NDF) is a political party in Guyana.

## History

Founded by Joseph Bacchus, the party first contested national elections in 1985, when it received only 156 votes and failed to win a seat. In the 1992 elections it received just 68 votes and remained without parliamentary representation. In the 1997 elections it received 105 votes and again failed to win a seat.
Prior to the 2011 general elections the party joined the A Partnership for National Unity alliance. The alliance subsequently won 26 of the 53 seats in the National Assembly. In the build up to the 2015 elections the alliance formed a joint electoral list with the Alliance for Change, which won the elections.