# List of foreign ministers in 1998

This is a list of foreign ministers in 1998.

## Africa

* Algeria - Ahmed Attaf (1996-1999)
* Angola - Venâncio da Silva Moura (1992-1999)
* Benin -
** Pierre Osho (1996-1998)
** Antoine Idji Kolawolé (1998-2003)
* Botswana - Mompati Merafhe (1994-2008)
* Burkina Faso - Ablassé Ouedraogo (1994-1999)
* Burundi -
** Luc Rukingama (1996-1998)
** Severin Ntahomvukiye (1998-2001)
* Cameroon - Augustin Kontchou Kouomegni (1997-2001)
* Cape Verde -
** Amílcar Spencer Lopes (1996-1998)
** José Luís de Jesus (1998-2000)
* Central African Republic - Jean-Mette Yapende (1997-1999)
* Chad - Mahamat Saleh Annadif (1997-2003)
* Comoros -
** Ibrahim Ali Mzimba (1997-1998)
** Salim Himidi (1998)
** Nidhoim Attoumane (1998-1999)
* Republic of Congo - Rodolphe Adada (1997-2007)
* Democratic Republic of Congo -
** Bizima Karaha (1997-1998)
** Jean-Charles Okoto (1998-1999)
* Côte d'Ivoire - Amara Essy (1990-2000)
* Djibouti - Mohamed Moussa Chehem (1995-1999)
* Egypt - Amr Moussa (1991-2001)
* Equatorial Guinea - Miguel Oyono Ndong Mifumu (1993-1999)
* Eritrea - Haile Woldetensae (1997-2000)
* Ethiopia - Seyoum Mesfin (1991-2010)
* Gabon - Casimir Oyé-Mba (1994-1999)
* The Gambia -
** Omar Njie (1997-1998)
** Momodou Lamin Sedat Jobe (1998-2001)
* Ghana - Victor Gbeho (1997-2001)
* Guinea - Lamine Camara (1996-1999)
* Guinea-Bissau - Fernando Delfim da Silva (1996-1999)
* Kenya -
** Kalonzo Musyoka (1993-1998)
** Bonaya Godana (1998-2001)
* Lesotho -
** Kelebone Maope (1995-1998)
** Tom Thabane (1998-2002)
* Liberia - Monie Captan (1996-2003)
* Libya - Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir (1992-2000)
* Madagascar -
** Herizo Razafimahaleo (1997-1998)
** Lila Ratsifandrihamanana (1998-2002)
* Malawi - Mapopa Chipeta (1997-1999)
* Mali - Modibo Sidibe (1997-2002)
* Mauritania -
** Mohamed El Hacen Ould Lebatt (1997-1998)
** Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna (1998)
** Ahmed Ould Sid'Ahmed (1998-2001)
* Mauritius - Rajkeswur Purryag (1997-2000)
* Morocco - Abdellatif Filali (1985-1999)
** Western Sahara -
*** Bachir Mustafa Sayed (1997-1998)
*** Mohamed Salem Ould Salek (1998–2023)
* Mozambique - Leonardo Simão (1994-2005)
* Namibia - Theo-Ben Gurirab (1990-2002)
* Niger - Maman Sambo Sidikou (1997-1999)
* Nigeria -
** Tom Ikimi (1995-1998)
** Ignatius Olisemeka (1998-1999)
* Rwanda - Anastase Gasana (1994-1999)
* São Tomé and Príncipe - Homero Jeronimo Salvaterra (1996-1999)
* Senegal -
** Moustapha Niasse (1993-1998)
** Jacques Baudin (1998-2000)
* Seychelles - Jérémie Bonnelame (1997-2005)
* Sierra Leone -
** Paolo Bangura (1997-1998)
** Sama Banya (1998-2001)
* Somalia - no central government
** Somaliland - Mahmud Salah Nur (1997-2001)
* South Africa - Alfred Baphethuxolo Nzo (1994-1999)
* Sudan -
** Ali Osman Taha (1995-1998)
** Mustafa Osman Ismail (1998-2005)
* Swaziland -
** Arthur Khoza (1995-1998)
** Albert Nhlanhla Shabangu (1998-2001)
* Tanzania - Jakaya Kikwete (1995-2006)
* Togo -
** Koffi Panou (1996-1998)
** Joseph Kokou Koffigoh (1998-2000)
* Tunisia - Said Ben Mustapha (1997-1999)
* Uganda - Eriya Kategaya (1996-2001)
* Zambia - Keli Walubita (1997-2002)
* Zimbabwe - Stan Mudenge (1995-2005)

## Asia

* Afghanistan -
** Mullah Abdul Jalil (1997-1998)
** Mullah Mohammad Hassan (1998-1999)
* Armenia -
** Alexander Arzumanyan (1996-1998)
** Vartan Oskanian (1998-2008)
* Azerbaijan -
** Hasan Hasanov (1993-1998)
** Tofig Zulfugarov (1998-1999)
** Nagorno-Karabakh - Naira Melkumyan (1997-2002)
* Bahrain - Sheikh Muhammad ibn Mubarak ibn Hamad Al Khalifah (1971-2005)
* Bangladesh - Abdus Samad Azad (1996-2001)
* Bhutan -
** Dawa Tsering (1972-1998)
** Jigme Thinley (1998-2003)
* Brunei - Pengiran Muda Mohamed Bolkiah (1984–2015)
* Cambodia -
** Ung Huot (1994-1998)
** Hor Namhong (1998–2016)
* China -
** Qian Qichen (1988-1998)
** Tang Jiaxuan (1998-2003)
* Georgia - Irakli Menagarishvili (1995-2003)
** Abkhazia - Sergei Shamba (1997-2004)
** South Ossetia - Murat Dzhioyev (1998-2012)
* India -
** I. K. Gujral (1996-1998)
** Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1998)
** Jaswant Singh (1998-2002)
* Indonesia - Ali Alatas (1988-1999)
* Iran - Kamal Kharazi (1997-2005)
* Iraq - Muhammad Saeed al-Sahhaf (1992-2001)
* Israel -
** David Levy (1996-1998)
** Benjamin Netanyahu (1998)
** Ariel Sharon (1998-1999)
* Japan -
** Keizō Obuchi (1997-1998)
** Masahiko Kōmura (1998-1999)
* Jordan -
** Fayez al-Tarawneh (1997-1998)
** Jawad Anani (1998)
** Abdul Ilah Khatib (1998-2002)
* Kazakhstan - Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (1994-1999)
* North Korea -
** Kim Yong-nam (1983-1998)
** Paek Nam-sun (1998-2007)
* South Korea -
** Yu Jong-ha (1996-1998)
** Bak Jeong-su (1998)
** Hong Soon-young (1998-2000)
* Kuwait - Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (1978-2003)
* Kyrgyzstan - Muratbek Imanaliyev (1997-2002)
* Laos - Somsavat Lengsavad (1993-2006)
* Lebanon -
** Farès Boueiz (1992-1998)
** Selim al-Hoss (1998-2000)
* Malaysia - Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (1991-1999)
* Maldives - Fathulla Jameel (1978-2005)
* Mongolia -
** Shukher Altangerel (1997-1998)
** Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal (1998)
** Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa (1998-2000)
* Myanmar -
** Ohn Gyaw (1991-1998)
** Win Aung (1998-2004)
* Nepal -
** Kamal Thapa (1997-1998)
** Girija Prasad Koirala (1998-1999)
* Oman - Yusuf bin Alawi bin Abdullah (1982–2020)
* Pakistan -
** Gohar Ayub Khan (1997-1998)
** Sartaj Aziz (1998-1999)
* Philippines - Domingo Siazon, Jr. (1995-2001)
* Qatar - Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani (1992-2013)
* Saudi Arabia - Prince Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (1975–2015)
* Singapore - S. Jayakumar (1994-2004)
* Sri Lanka - Lakshman Kadirgamar (1994-2001)
* Syria - Farouk al-Sharaa (1984-2006)
* Taiwan - Jason Hu (1997-1999)
* Tajikistan - Talbak Nazarov (1994-2006)
* Thailand - Surin Pitsuwan (1997-2001)
* Turkey - İsmail Cem (1997-2002)
* Turkmenistan - Boris Şyhmyradow (1995-2000)
* United Arab Emirates - Rashid Abdullah Al Nuaimi (1980-2006)
* Uzbekistan - Abdulaziz Komilov (1994-2003)
* Vietnam - Nguyễn Mạnh Cầm (1991-2000)
* Yemen -
** Abd al-Karim al-Iryani (1994-1998)
** Abdul Qadir Bajamal (1998-2001)

## Australia and Oceania

* Australia - Alexander Downer (1996-2007)
* Fiji - Berenado Vunibobo (1997-1999)
* Kiribati - Teburoro Tito (1994-2003)
* Marshall Islands - Phillip H. Muller (1994-2000)
* Micronesia - Epel K. Ilon (1997-2000)
* Nauru -
** Kinza Clodumar (1997-1998)
** Bernard Dowiyogo (1998-1999)
* New Zealand - Don McKinnon (1990-1999)
** Cook Islands - Inatio Akaruru (1989-1999)
* Palau - Sabino Anastacio (1997-2000)
* Papua New Guinea - Roy Yaki (1997-1999)
* Samoa -
** Tofilau Eti Alesana (1988-1998)
** Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi (1998–2021)
* Solomon Islands - Patterson Oti (1997-2000)
* Tonga -
** Prince Tupouto'a Tungi (1979-1998)
** Baron Vaea (1998)
** Prince 'Ulukalala Lavaka Ata (1998-2004)
* Tuvalu - Bikenibeu Paeniu (1996-1999)
* Vanuatu -
** Vital Soksok (1997-1998)
** Donald Kalpokas (1998)
** Clement Leo (1998-1999)

## Europe

* Albania - Paskal Milo (1997-2001)
* Andorra - Albert Pintat (1997-2001)
* Austria - Wolfgang Schüssel (1995-2000)
* Belarus -
** Ivan Antanovich (1997-1998)
** Ural Latypov (1998-2000)
* Belgium - Erik Derycke (1995-1999)
** Brussels-Capital Region - Jos Chabert (1989-1999)
** Flanders - Luc Van den Brande (1992-1999)
** Wallonia - William Ancion (1996-1999)
* Bosnia and Herzegovina - Jadranko Prlić (1996-2001)
** Republika Srpska - Aleksa Buha (1992-1998)
* Bulgaria - Nadezhda Mihailova (1997-2001)
* Croatia - Mate Granić (1993-2000)
* Cyprus - Ioannis Kasoulidis (1997-2003)
** Northern Cyprus -
*** Taner Etkin (1996-1998)
*** Tahsin Ertuğruloğlu (1998-2004)
* Czech Republic -
** Jaroslav Šedivý (1997-1998)
** Jan Kavan (1998-2002)
* Denmark - Niels Helveg Petersen (1993-2000)
* Estonia -
** Toomas Hendrik Ilves (1996-1998)
** Raul Mälk (1998-1999)
* Finland - Tarja Halonen (1995-2000)
* France - Hubert Védrine (1997-2002)
* Germany -
** Klaus Kinkel (1992-1998)
** Joschka Fischer (1998-2005)
* Greece - Theodoros Pangalos (1996-1999)
* Hungary -
** László Kovács (1994-1998)
** János Martonyi (1998-2002)
* Iceland - Halldór Ásgrímsson (1995-2004)
* Ireland - David Andrews (1997-2000)
* Italy - Lamberto Dini (1996-2001)
* Latvia - Valdis Birkavs (1994-1999)
* Liechtenstein - Andrea Willi (1993-2001)
* Lithuania - Algirdas Saudargas (1996-2000)
* Luxembourg - Jacques Poos (1984-1999)
* Republic of Macedonia -
** Blagoje Handžiski (1997-1998)
** Aleksandar Dimitrov (1998-2000)
* Malta -
** George Vella (1996-1998)
** Guido de Marco (1998-1999)
* Moldova - Nicolae Tăbăcaru (1997-2000)
* Netherlands -
** Hans van Mierlo (1994-1998)
** Jozias van Aartsen (1998-2002)
* Norway - Knut Vollebæk (1997-2000)
* Poland - Bronisław Geremek (1997-2000)
* Portugal - Jaime Gama (1995-2002)
* Romania - Andrei Pleşu (1997-1999)
* Russia -
** Yevgeny Primakov (1996-1998)
** Igor Ivanov (1998-2004)
** Chechnya -
*** Movladi Udugo (1997-1998)
*** Akhyad Idigov (1998-1999)
* San Marino - Gabriele Gatti (1986-2002)
* Slovakia -
** Zdenka Kramplová (1997-1998)
** Eduard Kukan (1998-2006)
* Slovenia - Boris Frlec (1997-2000)
* Spain - Abel Matutes (1996-2000)
* Sweden -
** Lena Hjelm-Wallén (1994-1998)
** Anna Lindh (1998-2003)
* Switzerland - Flavio Cotti (1993-1999)
* Ukraine -
** Hennadiy Udovenko (1994-1998)
** Borys Tarasyuk (1998-2000)
* United Kingdom - Robin Cook (1997-2001)
* Vatican City - Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran (1990-2003)
* Yugoslavia -
** Milan Milutinović (1995-1998)
** Živadin Jovanović (1998-2000)
** Montenegro - Branko Perović (1997-2000)

## North America and the Caribbean

* Antigua and Barbuda - Lester Bird (1991-2004)
* The Bahamas - Janet Bostwick (1994-2002)
* Barbados - Billie Miller (1994-2008)
* Belize -
** Dean Barrow (1993-1998)
** Said Musa (1998-2002)
* Canada - Lloyd Axworthy (1996-2000)
** Quebec -
*** Sylvain Simard (1996-1998)
*** Louise Beaudoin (1998-2003)
* Costa Rica -
** Fernando Naranjo Villalobos (1994-1998)
** Roberto Rojas López (1998-2002)
* Cuba - Roberto Robaina (1993-1999)
* Dominica -
** Edison James (1995-1998)
** Norris Charles (1998-2000)
* Dominican Republic - Eduardo Latorre Rodríguez (1996-2000)
* El Salvador - Ramón Ernesto González Giner (1995-1999)
* Grenada -
** Raphael Fletcher (1997-1998)
** Mark Isaac (1998-1999)
* Guatemala - Eduardo Stein (1996-2000)
* Haiti - Fritz Longchamp (1995-2001)
* Honduras -
** Delmer Urbizo Panting (1995-1998)
** Fernando Martínez Jiménez (1998-1999)
* Jamaica - Seymour Mullings (1995-2000)
* Mexico -
** José Ángel Gurría (1994-1998)
** Rosario Green (1998-2000)
* Nicaragua -
** Emilio Álvarez Montalván (1997-1998)
** Eduardo Montealegre (1998-2000)
* Panama -
** Ricardo Alberto Arias (1996-1998)
** Jorge Eduardo Ritter (1998-1999)
* Puerto Rico – Norma Burgos (1995–1999)
* Saint Kitts and Nevis - Denzil Douglas (1995-2000)
* Saint Lucia - George Odlum (1997-2001)
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines -
** Alpian Allen (1994-1998)
** Allan Cruickshank (1998-2001)
* Trinidad and Tobago - Ralph Maraj (1995-2000)
* United States - Madeleine Albright (1997-2001)

## South America

* Argentina - Guido di Tella (1991-1999)
* Bolivia - Javier Murillo de la Rocha (1997-2001)
* Brazil - Luiz Felipe Palmeira Lampreia (1995-2001)
* Chile - José Miguel Insulza (1994-1999)
* Colombia -
** María Emma Mejía Vélez (1996-1998)
** Camilo Reyes (1998)
** Guillermo Fernández de Soto (1998-2002)
* Ecuador - José Ayala Lasso (1997-1999)
* Guyana - Clement Rohee (1992-2001)
* Paraguay -
** Rubén Melgarejo Lanzoni (1996-1998)
** Dido Florentin Bogado (1998-1999)
* Peru -
** Eduardo Ferrero Costa (1997-1998)
** Fernando de Trazegnies (1998-2000)
* Suriname - Errol Snijders (1997-2000)
* Uruguay -
** Álvaro Ramos Trigo (1995-1998)
** Didier Opertti (1998-2005)
* Venezuela - Miguel Ángel Burelli Rivas (1994-1999)