# Foreign-born population of Australia

In 2020, 29.1% of the Australian resident population, or 7,502,000 people, were born overseas.

## International comparison

Australia has one of the highest amounts of foreign-born residents in the world (both in total numbers, and per capita), as well as one of the highest immigration rates in the world.
Immigrants account for 30% of the population, the highest proportion among major Western nations.
In 2015, Australia had the 8th highest foreign-born population in the world, behind Canada but ahead of France (both countries had very close numbers to Australia). The United States was ranked 1st, with over 46 million foreign-born residents. The over 7 million immigrants in Australia constituted 3.1% of all immigrants in the world.
For foreign-born residents per capita, Australia was ranked the 11th highest sovereign country ahead of Lebanon and behind Jordan (both countries experienced a large influx of refugees from the civil war in neighbouring Syria). Vatican City was 1st, its population of 800 were 100% foreign-born. If dependent territories (e.g.: Guam, Macau, Channel Islands) were included, then Australia's rank would fall to 27th.
From 2010 to 2015, Australia had the 14th highest net migration rate in the world. For 2015–2020, Australia's migration rate was projected to fall (statistics published in 2019), however the country's rank was expected to remain steady at 14th due to similar falls in other countries.

## Population by country of birth (2022)

The following table shows Australia's population by country of birth as estimated by the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 2022. It shows only countries or regions of birth with a population of over 100,000 residing in Australia.
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2022) :
| Place of birth | Estimated resident population |
| Total Australian-born | 18,332,620 |
| Total foreign-born | 7,680,450 |
| England | 961,370 |
| India | 753,520 |
| China | 597,440 |
| New Zealand | 586,020 |
| Philippines | 320,300 |
| Vietnam | 281,810 |
| South Africa | 206,730 |
| Malaysia | 176,210 |
| Italy | 161,560 |
| Nepal | 151,140 |
| Sri Lanka | 145,430 |
| Scotland | 125,030 |
| United States | 112,580 |
| Hong Kong | 112,520 |
| South Korea | 108,810 |
| Germany | 104,710 |
| Iraq | 104,170 |
| Pakistan | 103,120 |
* ↑ Only countries with 100,000 or more are listed here.
* ↑ The Australian Bureau of Statistics source lists England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland separately although they are all part of the United Kingdom. These should not be combined as they are not combined in the source.
* ↑ In accordance with the Australian Bureau of Statistics source, Mainland China, Taiwan and the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau are listed separately.
* ↑ The Australian Bureau of Statistics source lists England and Scotland separately although they are both part of the United Kingdom. These should not be combined as they are not combined in the source.
* ↑ In accordance with the Australian Bureau of Statistics source, Mainland China, Taiwan and the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau are listed separately.

## Historical populations by country of birth

The following table shows Australia's population by country of birth during historical census years. Only countries with over 25,000 Australian residents are shown.
| Place of birth | Status | Estimated resident population, 2021 census | Estimated resident population, 2016 census | Estimated resident population, 2011 census | Estimated resident population, 2006 census | Estimated resident population, 2001 census |
| Australia | Increasing | 17,019,815 | 15,614,834 | 15,017,846 | 14,072,946 | 13,629,685 |
| England | Increasing | 927,490 | 907,568 | 911,593 | 856,939 | 847,365 |
| India | Increasing | 673,352 | 455,385 | 295,362 | 147,106 | 95,452 |
| China | Increasing | 549,618 | 509,558 | 318,969 | 206,588 | 142,780 |
| New Zealand | Increasing | 530,492 | 518,462 | 483,398 | 389,465 | 355,765 |
| Philippines | Increasing | 293,892 | 232,391 | 171,233 | 120,540 | 103,942 |
| Vietnam | Increasing | 257,997 | 219,351 | 185,039 | 159,850 | 154,831 |
| South Africa | Increasing | 189,207 | 162,450 | 145,683 | 104,132 | 79,425 |
| Malaysia | Increasing | 165,616 | 138,363 | 116,196 | 92,335 | 78,858 |
| Italy | Decreasing | 163,326 | 174,042 | 185,402 | 199,124 | 218,718 |
| Sri Lanka | Increasing | 131,904 | 109,850 | 86,412 | 62,256 | 53,461 |
| Nepal | Increasing | 122,506 | 54,757 | 24,635 | 4,566 | |
| Scotland | Stagnant | 118,496 | 119,416 | 133,432 | 130,206 | 137,252 |
| South Korea | Increasing | 102,092 | 98,775 | 74,538 | 52,763 | 38,900 |
| United States | Increasing | 101,309 | 86,126 | 77,009 | 61,721 | 53,694 |
| Germany | Stagnant | 101,255 | 102,594 | 108,002 | 106,524 | 108,220 |
| Hong Kong | Increasing | 100,148 | 86,886 | 74,955 | 71,803 | 67,122 |
| Iraq | Increasing | 92,922 | 67,353 | 48,169 | 32,520 | 24,832 |
| Greece | Stagnant | 92,314 | 93,740 | 99,938 | 109,990 | 116,431 |
| Pakistan | Increasing | 89,633 | 61,918 | 30,221 | 16,993 | |
| Lebanon | Increasing | 87,340 | 78,649 | 76,450 | 74,849 | 71,349 |
| Indonesia | Increasing | 87,075 | 73,218 | 63,159 | 50,974 | 47,158 |
| Thailand | Increasing | 83,779 | 66,228 | 45,464 | 30,554 | 23,600 |
| Ireland | Increasing | 80,927 | 74,891 | 67,318 | 50,256 | 50,235 |
| Iran | Increasing | 70,899 | 58,112 | 34,454 | 22,549 | |
| Fiji | Increasing | 68,947 | 61,472 | 56,978 | 48,142 | 44,261 |
| Netherlands | Decreasing | 66,481 | 70,172 | 76,046 | 78,924 | 83,324 |
| Singapore | Increasing | 61,056 | 54,934 | 48,647 | 39,972 | 33,485 |
| Afghanistan | Increasing | 59,797 | 46,799 | 28,598 | 16,751 | |
| Bangladesh | Increasing | 51,491 | 42,420 | 27,808 | 16,096 | |
| Canada | Increasing | 50,223 | 43,053 | 38,871 | 31,614 | 27,289 |
| Taiwan | Increasing | 49,511 | 46,822 | 28,627 | 24,370 | |
| Brazil | Increasing | 46,720 | 27,625 | 14,508 | 7,493 | |
| Poland | Stagnant | 45,884 | 45,370 | 48,677 | 52,254 | 58,110 |
| Japan | Increasing | 45,267 | 42,420 | 35,377 | 30,778 | |
| Croatia | Stagnant | 43,302 | 43,687 | 48,828 | 50,996 | 51,909 |
| Egypt | Increasing | 43,213 | 39,776 | 36,532 | 33,496 | |
| North Macedonia | Stagnant | 41,786 | 38,986 | 40,222 | 40,656 | 43,527 |
| Zimbabwe | Increasing | 39,714 | 34,789 | 30,251 | 20,155 | |
| Myanmar | Increasing | 39,171 | 32,656 | 21,760 | 12,378 | |
| Cambodia | Increasing | 39,043 | 33,152 | 28,329 | 24,528 | |
| Turkey | Increasing | 38,568 | 32,183 | 32,844 | 30,490 | 29,821 |
| France | Increasing | 36,019 | 31,120 | 24,675 | 19,186 | 17,268 |
| Malta | Decreasing | 35,413 | 37,609 | 41,274 | 43,700 | 46,998 |
| Colombia | Increasing | 35,033 | 18,991 | 11,317 | 5,709 | |
| Papua New Guinea | Increasing | 29,984 | 28,803 | 26,787 | 24,021 | |
| Chile | Increasing | 29,860 | 26,082 | 24,936 | 23,304 | |
| Wales | Stagnant | 29,250 | 28,046 | 28,675 | 25,313 | |
| Syria | Increasing | 29,096 | 15,324 | 8,391 | 6,968 | |
| Samoa | Increasing | 28,107 | 24,016 | 19,092 | 15,240 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Stagnant | 26,171 | 23,959 | 25,682 | 24,631 | |
| Mauritius | Increasing | 25,981 | 24,324 | 23,279 | 18,173 | |
| Serbia | Increasing | 25,454 | 20,205 | 20,267 | 17,327 | |

## Foreign-born population by state/territory

As per the 2016 Census, while 6 out of every 10 migrants live in Victoria or New South Wales, there had been a noticeable increase in the number of migrants that settled down Western Australia and Queensland.
In 2016, among all the capital cities in Australia, Sydney – at 1,773,496 – had the highest overseas-born population. Melbourne, on the other hand, had 1,520,253 overseas-born individuals living in the city as per the 2016 Census. Perth, with 702,545 in 2016, came in at the third spot on the list of cities with the highest number of overseas-born population.2
According to the 2016 Census, among all the Australian states and territories, Western Australia had the largest population of overseas-born individuals.