OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Agar (1713–1769)

James Agar was an Irish politician. He was a litigious and hot-tempered man, whose bitter feud with a rival political faction led to his being killed in a duel. He was the father of the first and last Baron Callan.

## Career

Agar was the second son of James Agar of Gowran Castle, County Kilkenny, and his second wife Mary Wemyss, daughter of Sir Henry Wemyss. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. From 1747 to 1760, he was MP for Gowran in County Kilkenny, having in effect inherited the seat, which had been held by his father and his brother Henry Agar. His relations with Henry were poor, and resulted in an unsuccessful legal action by James against Henry. In 1761 he was MP for Callan in Kilkenny; and in 1768, Tulsk in County Roscommon.

## Duel and death

The following year he was killed in a duel with Henry Flood, who was both a bitter political rival for control of the borough of Callan, County Kilkenny, and a personal enemy. Flood had provoked an earlier duel by assaulting James, but both men survived unscathed.The bitter rivalry, involving much vexatious litigation, continued, leading to further violence, and resulted in another challenge. At the second duel James, who missed with his first shot, reputedly shouted "Fire, you scoundrel!": Flood duly fired, killing James.At the insistence of the Agar family Flood was prosecuted for murder, but was found guilty of manslaughter, and spared a prison sentence, as according to the code of the time he had acted honourably. The case, which aroused huge public interest, did no harm to Flood's reputation: indeed, the episode is said to have increased the popularity of duels, due partly to the high social standing of the protagonists.

## Marriage and children

Agar married the Hon. Rebecca Flower, daughter of William Flower, 1st Baron Castle Durrow and Edith Caulfeild, and had six children. Their third son was George Agar, 1st Baron Callan: another son was Charles Agar, Archdeacon of Emly.
# James Agar, 1st Viscount Clifden

James Agar, 1st Viscount Clifden (25 March 1734 – 1 January 1789), was an Irish peer and politician and held the office of one of the joint Postmasters General of Ireland.

## Family

He was the second son of Henry Agar, a former MP for Gowran, and Anne Ellis, daughter of Welbore Ellis, Bishop of Meath, and was probably born at Gowran Castle on 25 March 1734. On 20 March 1760, James married Lucia Martin, daughter of John Martin and widow of Henry Boyle-Walsingham. Together they had three children; Henry-Welbore, John Ellis, b. 31 December 1763, and Charles-Bagnell, b. 13 August 1765. Agar was made a Baron Clifden on 27 July 1776 and Viscount Clifden on 12 January 1781. He died on 1 January 1789 when his eldest son became the second viscount and Baron Mendip. His widow died in 1802. Agar's younger brothers were Charles Agar, first Earl of Normanton (1736–1809), who became the Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin, and Welbore Ellis Agar, a notable art collector.

## Politics

In addition to being a Member of Parliament (MP) for Gowran, for which he sat three times, from 1753 to 1761, again from 1768 to 1769 and finally from 1776 to 1777, he controlled three other borough seats through the strength of his family holdings. Between 1761 and 1776, he represented County Kilkenny and between 1768 and 1769 Thomastown. He held the post of joint Postmaster General of Ireland between 1784 and 1789 with William Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby.
# James Kugel

James L. Kugel (Hebrew: Yaakov Kaduri, יעקב כדורי; born August 22, 1945) is professor emeritus in the Bible department at Bar Ilan University in Israel and the Harry M. Starr Professor Emeritus of Classical and Modern Hebrew Literature at Harvard University. Since 2017, he has been a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
James Kugel is the author and editor of 16 books and numerous articles on the Bible and its early commentators, focusing on the Second Temple period. He identifies as an Orthodox Jew. Moment Magazine published a long-form profile called, "Professor of Disbelief," on James Kugel in their MARCH/APRIL 2014 issue.
In 2001, his book, the Bible As It Was won the University of Louisville and the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary Grawemeyer Award in religion. The prize "recognizes outstanding and creative works that promote understanding of the relationship between human beings and the divine." The Bible As It Was was published in 1997 by Harvard University. It is the annotated version of a lengthier work, entitled Traditions of the Bible. In 2007, How to Read the Bible was given the Everett Family Foundation Jewish Book of the Year Award by the Jewish Book Council. Kugel is a co-recipient of the 2014 National Jewish Book Award in the Scholarship category for editing Outside the Bible with Louis H. Feldman and Lawrence H. Schiffman.
He earned his B.A. at Yale University (1968), was a Harvard University, Junior Fellow (1972-76), and earned his Ph.D. at City University of New York (1978). He lectured at Harvard University (1979-80), before moving to Yale as assistant professor, religious studies and comparative literature, (1980-82) and associate professor (1982). He became Starr Professor of Hebrew Literature at Harvard (1982-2003), and in parallel professor of Bible, Bar Ilan University (1992-2013).
# Jonathan Osborne

Jonathan Osborne MD FRCPI (died 22 Jan 1864) was an eminent Irish physician and surgeon.

## Life

Osborne was the son of William Osborne of Cullenswood House, near Ranelagh, Dublin,. He entered Trinity College, Dublin, in 1810 and graduated BA in 1815 and MD in 1818. He started practice in Dublin.
In 1823 he was elected Fellow of the College of Physicians and in 1825 lecturer of Materia Medica in Park St. Medical School. Shortly afterwards he was appointed physician to Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital and Mercer's Hospital. In Dublin he is remembered for the instruments he devised and for his studies on nervous diseases.
He was at least an amateur botanist contributing records to Katherine Baily's The Irish flora (1833) and James Townsend Mackay's Flora hibernica (1836). These indicate that he visited counties Clare and Galway including the Aran Islands, as well as Mayo before 1833.
With his wife Catherine, he had a son, Verney, and daughter Florence (who married Rev. William H. Rambaut), both of whom died as young adults and are interred with him in St. Michan's Church, Dublin.

## References and sources
### Notes

* ↑ Breathnach, Caoimhghín S (August 2009). "Jonathan Osborne (1794-1864) MD FRCPI: a crypto-neurologist". J Med Biogr. 17 (3). England: 144–8. doi:10.1258/jmb.2009.009029. ISSN 0967-7720. PMID 19723963. S2CID 207200331.
* ↑ Dublin Medical Institutions
* ↑ "St. Michan's memorials". Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2010.

### Sources

* Kirkpatrick, T P (1912). History of Medical Teaching in Trinity College Dublin and of the School of Physic In Ireland. Dublin: Neal.
* Fleetwood, John F (1983). The History of Medicine in Ireland. Dublin: Skellig Press.
# James Bertram

James Bertram may refer to:
* James Munro Bertram (1910–1993), New Zealand writer and academic
* James Bertram (musician), American indie-rock musician
* James Bertram (Carnegie secretary) (1872–1934), secretary to steel magnate and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie
* James Glass Bertram (1824–1892), Scottish author
# James Mackay (film producer)

James Mackay (born 1954) is a British film producer.
He was born in Inverness, Scotland and after studies at North East London Polytechnic, he worked in the London Filmmaker's Co/op as cinema programmer. At the end of the 1970s, he compiled a series of film screenings called New British Avant -Garde films, for the Edinburgh International Film Festival, and he also programmed for the FORUM of the Berlin Film Festival.
In 1981, he established a production and distribution company Dark Picture, specializing in new film and video, and thus began his collaboration with Derek Jarman. He produced some of Derek Jarman's most important movies e.g. The Angelic Conversation (1985), The Garden (1990 film) or Blue. He has collaborated also with John Maybury, Hannah Collins, Davide Pepe and Bernard Rudden.
In 2009, James Mackay was a member of a main jury of the Czech queer film festival Mezipatra.
# Mount Pleasant High School Mechanical Arts Building

The Mount Pleasant High School Mechanical Arts Building, at 150 N. State St. in Mount Pleasant, Utah, was built in 1935. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
It was built in 1935-36 as a Depression-era public works project, in particular as a Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) project.
It "is one of three high school shop buildings constructed in Sanpete County using the same basic design. The other two are in Ephraim and Moroni, both of which are still standing and eligible for nomination. All three of these buildings are large, two-story box-like structures with rectangular plans and centrally placed two-story entrance porticos. The Mt. Pleasant building, like the one in Moroni, is built of cream-colored limestone and has a low-pitched hip roof. The openings are arranged symmetrically around the entrance bay which has a gable roof, heavy cornice returns, a round arch upper story window, and a molded cornice over the door itself. There are low-relief quoins at the corners. [As of 1984] The building remains in good original condition."
The Ephraim one seems not to have been listed, but the Moroni one was. There are currently five mechanical arts buildings listed on the National Register in Utah:
* Morgan High School Mechanical Arts Building (1936), Morgan, Utah
* Moroni High School Mechanical Arts Building (1935–36), Moroni, Utah
* Park City High School Mechanical Arts Building (1935–36), Park City, Utah
* Springville High School Mechanical Arts Building (1929), Springville, Utah
# Motorcycle drag racing

Motorcycle drag racing (also known as "sprints") involves two participants lining up at a dragstrip with a signaled starting line. Upon the starting signal, the riders accelerate down a 1⁄4 mile (0.40 km) or 1⁄8 mile (0.20 km) long, two lane, straight paved track where their elapsed time and terminal speed are recorded. The rider to reach the finish line first is the winner. The best-known form of motorcycle drag racing is the Pro Stock Bike category, although several other categories exist, including Top Fuel and Pro Street.
Motorcycles in the Top Fuel category are fueled by nitro methane and can make nearly 1,500 horsepower.$^{:116}$ From a standing start they can cover the first 60 feet in less than a second and can reach 200 mph in less than eighth-mile or 660 feet. The current world record is held by Top Fuel Veteran Larry "Spiderman" McBride who covered the quarter-mile in 5.50 seconds at 264 MPH on 21 November 2019 recorded at South Georgia Motorsports Park.
Elmer Trett is considered by many to be the greatest motorcycle drag racer ever. Before his death in 1996 at Indianapolis Raceway Park, Trett recorded a 6.06.

## Gallery

* Two BMW S 1000 RR motorbikes at a drag race
* A two-stroke motorcycle designed for drag racing
* A heavily modified Suzuki Hayabusa Turbo at a drag race, completing the 1/4 mile in less than 9 seconds
* A modified Suzuki Hayabusa shortly after starting
* A Kawasaki Ninja ZX-6R at the start
# Jonathan Root

Jonathan Root may refer to:
* Jon Root (born 1964), former American volleyball player
* Jonathan Root (photographer) (born 1959), English portrait photographer
* Jonathan Root, early settler of Southington, Connecticut, namesake of the Jonathan Root House
# James E. Craig

James E. Craig could refer to:
* James Craig (police chief) (born 1956), American police official
* USS James E. Craig (DE-201), American destroyer escort launched in 1943, named for U.S. Navy officer James Edwin Craig
# James Ransom (Regulator)

James Ransom (c. 1740–1810) was part of the Regulator movement and a delegate to the 2nd North Carolina Provincial Congress from Bute County, North Carolina (now Warren County) in 1775, as well as a member of the Bute County Committee of Safety alongside Jethro Sumner. He was the step-father of Nathaniel Macon and a neighbor of Benjamin Hawkins. He married Macon's mother Priscilla Jones after the death of Gideon Macon.

## Early life

James Ransom was born about 1740 in Brunswick County, Virginia to Richard Ransom and Frances Hicks. Despite his father not being named James, he was often referred to as "James Ransom, Jr", to distinguish him from his cousin James Ransom who married Amy Davis. He married Priscilla Macon in Oxford, North Carolina on February 9, 1763.

## American Revolution

Ransom was a "man of energetic Regulator sympathies". "Men like him had begun to call themselves patriots and Sons of Liberty, while labeling their loyalist neighbors Tories, oppressors, and damned rascals". He succeeded Osborn Jefferys as sheriff of Bute County in 1771, and was succeeded in that capacity in 1772 by Jethro Sumner. Ransom was a Justice of the Peace and both Ransom and Sumner were members of the Bute County Committee of Safety. Ransom was a delegate to the Second North Carolina Provincial Congress at New Bern in April 1775.
During the American Revolution in 1776, Ransom was appointed superintendent of the North Carolina Gun Works in Halifax, North Carolina.

## Ancestors and relatives

Ransom's great-great grandfather was Peter Ransom, who arrived in Virginia from England, settling in Elizabeth County, Virginia, and served in the House of Burgesses in 1652.
Ransom was the great-grandfather of Confederate generals Matt Whitaker Ransom and Robert Ransom, and great-great grandfather of Confederate general John Pegram and artillerist William Ransom Johnson Pegram.
Robert Ransom described his great grandfather: "The stories of his costumes and habits all indicate that he possessed a large fortune. He was a man nearly six feet tall with a ruddy complexion. He became very stout in his old age...He divided his large fortune equally among his step children and his own children. He was doubtless a high liver and he was a real English churchman, but with no great piety. He built the first Episcopal church in Bute Co., known as Shocco Chapel."
Marmaduke Johnson, who married Ransom's daughter Hixie Ransom, was the owner of the oldest house in Warrenton. Another daughter, Betsy Ransom, married William Plummer II. Their son James Ransom Plummer was the mayor of Columbia, Tennessee in 1832, 1833, 1834, 1836, and 1838. William's brother Kemp Plummer, the grandfather of Kemp Plummer Battle, was the second owner of Johnson's house. William and Kemp's sister Hannah was the wife of Nathaniel Macon.
# Jordanoleiopus bifuscoplagiatus

Jordanoleiopus bifuscoplagiatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the long-horned beetles. It was described by Báguena and Breuning in 1958.
# James Siaffa

James Bobby Siaffa (born 24 April 1980), also known as Bobby the Big, is a Liberian Paralympic powerlifter. He is the first athlete of any sport to represent Liberia at the Paralympics.

## Biography

Siaffa was born on 24 April 1980. He first started powerlifting in 1995. Siaffa made his international debut in the world of powerlifting on 28 May in the 2010 World Para Powerlifting Organization 2nd FAZZA International in Dubai. Siaffa ranked 6th in the competition. On 25 February 2012, during the 2012 FAZZA International Powerlifting Competition in Dubai, one of Siaffa's urine samples tested positive for a substance prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. While Siaffa initially faced the potential of a two-year sanction for the positive test, two factors reduced the sanction to three months instead: the fact that Siaffa had included information about the use of a painkiller he had taken on his doping control form and a letter from his pharmacist, explaining that he was prescribed the painkiller which was thought to be allowed to treat a dislocated shoulder. The sanction took effect on 26 March 2012, as that was the date Siaffa was made aware of the violation.
In the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, Siaffa became the first athlete to represent Liberia in the Paralympics. He also served as the flag bearer for his country in the parade of nations. Ultimately, on 4 September 2012, Siaffa ranked 7th in the men's 82.5 kg powerlifting event. There, he achieved his personal record, benching 419 lbs. In 2016, Siaffa wrote a letter to the International Paralympic Committee outlining his dissatisfaction with the Liberia National Paralympic Committee (LNPC). The letter alleged that while he was willing to compete in the Paralympics in Rio that year, he was uncomfortable with the leadership of the LNPC, and had faced verbal abuse among other poor treatment at their hands. LNPC General-Secretary Festus Robinson, who was one of the officials accused of abuse, accused Kotie Mawolo, with whom he had long standing conflict, of being the true author of the letter. Robinson believed that Mawolo had only gotten Siaffa to sign it. Liberia did not end up competing in the 2016 Paralympic Games, as the government was unable to provide the funds for the trip.
Siaffa initially planned to compete in the 2018 World Para Powerlifting African Championship in Algiers, but a minor wrist injury he received when getting off the plane to Algeria prevented him from doing so.
# James Lawrence (disambiguation)

James Lawrence (1781–1813) was an American naval officer.
James Lawrence may also refer to:
* James Lawrence (cricketer, born 1976), English cricketer, played for Durham in 1995 and British Universities in 1998
* James Lawrence (New Zealand cricketer) (1867–1946), New Zealand cricketer, played for Canterbury and New Zealand
* James Lawrence (Wellington cricketer) (1849–1898), New Zealand cricketer
* James Lawrence (Cambridgeshire cricketer) (1785–?), English cricketer
* James Lawrence (footballer) (born 1992), Wales international footballer
* James Lawrence (Ohio politician) (1851–1914), Democratic politician from the state of Ohio
* James Lawrence (triathlete), American triathlete
* James Lawrence (rower) (1907–1995), American rower
* Sir James Lawrence, 1st Baronet (1820–1897), British Member of Parliament for Lambeth, 1865 and 1868–1885
* James Duncan Lawrence (author) (1918–1994), U.S. author
* James E. Lawrence (1882–1941), American football player
* James F. Lawrence Jr. (1918–2006), American Marine Corps Navy Cross recipient, lawyer
* James H. Lawrence, member of the California legislature
* James Henry Lawrence (1773–1840), British writer
* James M. Lawrence (born 1946), magazine publisher
* James R. Lawrence (1790–1874), American lawyer, politician, and judge from New York
* Jamie Lawrence (footballer, born 1970), Jamaican footballer
* Jamie Lawrence (MuggleCast)
# Mountain Plains, South Dakota

Mountain Plains is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Lawrence County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 327 at the 2020 census. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
It is in the northern part of the county, on the northern edge of the Black Hills. It is bordered to the north by the city of Spearfish. U.S. Route 14A forms the eastern edge of the CDP, following the canyon of Spearfish Creek.

## Education

It is in the Spearfish School District 40-2.
# Mountain Playhouse

Mountain Playhouse is Pennsylvania's oldest professional summer stock theatre company and is located in Jennerstown, Pennsylvania. Housed in a restored 1805 gristmill, the theatre was founded by James Stoughton in 1939. It produces musicals, farces, and dramas each summer and also hosts productions by Theatreworks USA. As stated on its website, the theatre employs "actors from Actors' Equity Association, directors from the Stage Directors and Choreographers Society, and musicians from the American Federation of Musicians." Mountain Playhouse has employed many actors from the nearby Pittsburgh theatre scene, New York City, and Washington, D.C.
# Josef Kolmaš

Josef Kolmaš (6 August 1933 in Těmice – 9 February 2021) was a leading Czech sinologist and tibetologist.

## Career

He was a translator and world-renowned expert on the history of Sino-Tibetan relations, a long-time researcher at the Oriental Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and its director from 1994 to 2002.

## Works

* Tibet and Imperial China: A Survey of Sino-Tibetan Relations Up to the End of the Manchu Dynasty in 1912 1967
* Iconography of the Derge Kanjur and Tanjur 1978 ISBN 9788179360019
* Buddhistická svatá písma1995 ISBN 80-85809-23-0
* Vzpomínka na Tibet 1997 ISBN 80-85809-73-7
* Suma tibetského písemnictví 2004 ISBN 80-7203-592-4
* Tibet: Dějiny a duchovní kultura 2004 ISBN 80-7203-627-0
* Klasické tibetské příběhy: Mysterium o životě a zmrtvýchvstání krásné paní Nangsy. O ptácích a opicích. Zrcadlo králů 2009 ISBN 978-80-88969-42-6
* Malá encyklopedie tibetského náboženství a mytologie 2009 ISBN 978-80-7277-394-7
* Slovník tibetské literatury 2010 ISBN 978-80-7277-453-1
* Tibet 2011 ISBN 978-80-7277-483-8
* Země na střeše světa: Z dějin poznávání Tibetu 2011 ISBN 978-80-88969-56-3
* Pojednání o věcech tibetských 2014 ISBN 978-80-7429-386-3
* Pojednání o věcech čínských 2015 ISBN 978-80-7429-629-1
# Maligny

Maligny may refer to:
* Maligny, Côte-d'Or, a commune in the French region of Bourgogne
* Maligny, Yonne, a commune in the French region of Bourgogne
# Mandekolu

Mandekolu is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. The nearest cities are Sullia, Adoor and Kasaragod. It is located near the Karnataka-Kerala border on the banks of River Payaswini(Chandragiri), at a distance of 86 km from Mangalore city. It is located in the Sullia taluk of Dakshina Kannada district in Karnataka. Former chief Minister of Karnataka, D.V Sadananda Gowda hails from this village.

## Temple and places to visit

Sri Mahavishnumurthy Temple Mandekolu, Kaleri Sri Ullakulu Daivasthana, Panjikal hanging bridge, Parappa hanging bridge, Bolugallu Jatadhari daivasthana

## Notable people

* D. V. Sadananda Gowda (born 1953), politician

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Mandekolu had a population of 5565 with 2745 males and 2820 females.
# Mountain View (north), Preston County, West Virginia

Mountain View is an unincorporated community in Preston County, West Virginia, United States. Mountain View is located on West Virginia Route 26, 5 miles (8.0 km) west-southwest of Kingwood.
# Mana mana

Mana mana may refer to:
* Mana Mana, a Finnish rock group
* Mah Nà Mah Nà (sometimes "Mana Mana" or "Mahna Mahna"), a popular song written by Piero Umiliani
# Ytu (beetle)

Ytu is a genus of beetles in the family Torridincolidae, containing these species:
* Ytu angra Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu artemis Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu athena Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu brutus Spangler, 1980
* Ytu cleideae Vanin, 1991
* Ytu cupidus Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu cuyaba Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu demeter Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu godayi Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu hephaestus Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu itati Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu mirandus Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu mirim Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu morpheus Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu phebo Reichardt, 1973
* Ytu reichardti Vanin, 1978
* Ytu yaguar Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu ysypo Reichardt & Vanin, 1977
* Ytu zeus Reichardt, 1973