OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Massachusetts House of Representatives' 9th Plymouth district

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 9th Plymouth district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Brockton in Plymouth County. Democrat Gerry Cassidy of Brockton has represented the district since 2017.
The current district geographic boundary overlaps with that of the Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Plymouth and Bristol district.

## Representatives

* Foster Tinkham, circa 1858
* Everett Robinson, circa 1859
* George M. Hooper, circa 1888
* Emil K. Steele, circa 1920
* John George Asiaf, circa 1951
* Robert S. Teahan, circa 1975
* Gerry Cassidy, 2017–present

## Former locale

The district previously covered Middleborough, circa 1872.
# Ninh Quới A

Ninh Quới A is a commune (xã) and village in Hồng Dân District, Bạc Liêu Province, in south-western Vietnam.
# Maximilien Le Roy

Maximilien Le Roy (born 29 November 1985) is a French comics creator. His comic books have often been biographies and inspired by travels. He has made several comics about the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

## Life and career

Maximilien Le Roy was born in France on 29 November 1985. His comic book Hosni (2009) is about a homeless man in Lyon. An interest in Friedrich Nietzsche led him to make Nietzsche, se créer liberté (2010), a biographical comic book about Nietzsche, based on a script by Michel Onfray.
Le Roy visited Palestine in 2008 and 2009 and this became the inspiration for several comic books about the Israeli–Palestinian conflict: Gaza (2009), Faire le mur (2010) and Les chemins de traverse (2010). He travelled in Vietnam after which he made Dans la nuit la liberté nous écoute (2011), which is about Albert Clavier, a French soldier who defected to the Viet Minh during the First Indochina War.
In collaboration with A. Dan, Le Roy made Thoreau: A Sublime Life, a biographical comic book about the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau, which was published in French in 2012 and in English translation in 2016. Le Roy has made further biographical comics about people including Paul Gauguin, Louis Auguste Blanqui and Antonin Artaud.

## Selected publications

* Hosni, La Boîte à bulles [fr], 2009.
* Gaza, un pavé dans la mer, editor, La Boîte à bulles, 2009.
* Les chemins de traverse, with Soulman, La Boîte à bulles, 2010.
* Faire le mur, Casterman, 2010.
* Nietzsche, se créer liberté, based on a script by Michel Onfray, Le Lombard, 2010
* Dans la nuit la liberté nous écoute, Le Lombard, 2011.
* Thoreau. La vie sublime, with A. Dan (Alexandre Daniel), Le Lombard, 2012.
* España la vida, with Eddy Vaccaro [fr], Casterman, 2013.
* Palestine, dans quel État ?, with Emmanuel Prost, La boîte à bulles, 2013.
* Gauguin, loin de la route, with Gaultier, Le Lombard, 2013.
* Ni dieu ni maître. Auguste Blanqui, l'enferme, with Renart, Casterman, 2014.
# Fernando Legal

Fernando Legal (17 December 1931 – 22 August 2023) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate. He was bishop of Itapeva from 1980 to 1985, Limeira from 1985 to 1989, and São Miguel Paulista from 1989 to 2008.
# Joaquin Ridge

Joaquin Ridge is a ridge in the Diablo Range in Fresno County, California. The ridge is named for Joaquin Murietta (1830-1853), a California Gold Rush bandit, leader of the Five Joaquins Gang, who used this region as a rendezvous and camp that overlooked the gangs base at the Rancho de Cantua. The ridge is ten miles long, running from its high point at 36°19′48″N 120°34′09″W﻿ / ﻿36.33000°N 120.56917°W﻿ / 36.33000; -120.56917, east of Spanish Lake, eastward to Joaquin Rocks 36°19′11″N 120°27′32″W﻿ / ﻿36.31972°N 120.45889°W﻿ / 36.31972; -120.45889, and then southwestward to 36°18′15″N 120°24′11″W﻿ / ﻿36.30417°N 120.40306°W﻿ / 36.30417; -120.40306 near 3,629-foot Black Mountain at 36°18′16″N 120°24′12″W﻿ / ﻿36.30444°N 120.40333°W﻿ / 36.30444; -120.40333 the high point on the south southeast trending Anticline Ridge. Joaquin Ridge is bound on the northeast by the Ragged Valley and the Big Blue Hills and on the southwest by Portuguese Canyon. Its highest elevation is 4,701 feet (1,433 meters), 0.64 km (0.40 mi) east of Spanish Lake.
The most distinguishing feature of Joaquin Ridge is Joaquin Rocks, originally known as "Las Tres Piedras" (The Three Rocks). These three pillars of rock on the ridge are clearly visible on the ridge for many miles from many directions in the San Joaquin Valley and from their summits have a view of much of the valley. On the slope nearby just south of the Rocks at 36°18′55″N 120°27′11″W﻿ / ﻿36.31528°N 120.45306°W﻿ / 36.31528; -120.45306 is Joaquin Spring, that until the 1950s was known as Valenzuela Spring named for Joaquin Valenzuela one of the leaders of the Five Joaquins Gang, and the one responsible for running the gang's trade in stolen and wild horses with Sonora from their hidden ranch on nearby Cantua Creek.
# Oskar Minkowski

Oskar Minkowski (/mɪŋˈkɔːfski, -ˈkɒf-/; German: 13 January 1858 – 18 July 1931) was a German physician and physiologist who held a professorship at the University of Breslau and is most famous for his research on diabetes. He was the brother of the mathematician Hermann Minkowski and father of astrophysicist Rudolph Minkowski.

## Life and career

Born in Aleksotas, of Jewish origin, but later converted to Christianity. Minkowski was the son of Rachel (née Taubmann) and Lewin Boruch Minkowski (1825–1884), a first-guild merchant, who subsidized construction of the choral synagogue in Kovno.

## Discovery of the role of pancreas in diabetes

Minkowski worked with Josef von Mering on the study of diabetes at the University of Strasbourg. Their landmark study in 1889 in dogs induced diabetes by removing their pancreas. It was Minkowski who performed the operation and made the crucial link to recognize that the symptoms of the treated dogs were due to diabetes. Thus they were able to indicate that the pancreas contained regulators to control blood sugar; they also provided a model for the study of diabetes. Their work led other doctors and scientists to pursue further research on the relation of the pancreas to diabetes, and ultimately resulted in the discovery of insulin as a treatment for the disease.
* Joseph von Mering, Oskar Minkowski: Diabetes mellitus nach Pankreasextirpation. Centralblatt für klinische Medicin, Leipzig, 1889, 10 (23): 393–394. Archiv für experimentelle Patholgie und Pharmakologie, Leipzig, 1890, 26: 37. It begins with, After removal of the pancreas dogs get diabetes. It starts sometime after the operation and will persist for weeks continuously until their death...

## Minkowski Prize

In recognition of the discovery by Minkowski the European Association for the Study of Diabetes annually awards the Minkowski Prize for outstanding original work of a younger investigator in diabetes research.
# Odigitis festival

Odigitis festival (named after the central publication of KNE and the poem of Kostas Varnalis "Odigitis"), is a series of annual festivals organized in most of the major towns and cities of Greece by the Communist Youth of Greece (KNE).
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# Pterocryptis burmanensis

Pterocryptis burmanensis is a species of catfish found in the Indo-China peninsula.

## Etymology

The fish is named in honor of Burma (Myanmar), where this fish is endemic to Inlé Lake.
# King's Plate (disambiguation)

The King's Plate (Queen's Plate during the reign of female monarch) is a horse race, and the first leg of the Canadian Triple Crown.
King's Plate or Kings Plate or king plate or variation may also refer to:

## Horse races

* King's Plate (South Africa) (also "Queen's Plate"), run since 1861, known as the "King's Plate" from 1900 to 1952 and since 2023
* King's Plate (UK) (also "Queen's Plate") at Newmarket Racecourse, England, UK; run between 1634 and 1765

## Other uses

* King plate, a breastplate, a form of regalia used by colonial authorities to recognize Aboriginal chieftains in Australia
# Maximilien Morillon

Maximilien Morillon (1516/17–1586) was a senior clergyman in the Habsburg Netherlands who became bishop of Tournai.

## Life

Morillon was born in Brussels in 1516 or 1517, the son of Gui Morillon, a Burgundian who was professor of Greek at Leuven University. He himself graduated from the university in 1538 with the degree of Licentiate of Laws and entered holy orders against his parents' wishes. He served Cardinal Granvelle as a secretary and was appointed canon and scholaster of Arras. He went on to amass a series of ecclesiastical benefices through Granvelle's patronage, including canonries in Mechelen, Ghent, Brussels, Tournai, Veurne and Lille, and the archdeaconry of St. Mary's Church, Utrecht. He was also a friend and executor of Viglius, president of the Brussels Council of State. When Granvelle became archbishop of Mechelen, Morillon served as his vicar general, and acted on his behalf in selectively communicating and enforcing the papal condemnation of the theology of Michael Baius. In 1569 he founded the first diocesan seminary in Mechelen.
During the Dutch Revolt he was briefly imprisoned by the rebels, and spent years in exile in Wallonia. On 13 March 1582, Philip II of Spain nominated him as bishop of Tournai. After papal confirmation, Morillon was consecrated on 26 October 1583 and enthroned the following day. He died suddenly on 27 March 1586 and was buried in his cathedral.
# Peter Chapman (politician)

Peter John Chapman MSP (born 13 May 1950) is a retired Scottish Conservative and Unionist politician. He served as a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the North East Scotland region between 2016 and 2021. In the Scottish Parliament, he was the Conservative spokesperson for rural economy and connectivity, until May 2018 when he resigned over a lobbying row.

## Political career

Chapman served as an Aberdeenshire councillor from 2007 until 2012, and also served for six years as a local Director of the National Farmers Union Mutual Insurance Society. He served as a Director of Aberdeen and Northern Marts from 9 September 2014 until 9 August 2016. He was an ANM director when ANM submitted their planning development for the extension of their Thainstone Business Park on Thainstone Hill. He played an active role during the independence referendum as part of the Better Together campaign.
Chapman stood as the Conservative candidate in Banffshire and Buchan Coast in the Scottish Parliament elections on 5 May 2016, coming second to the SNP's Stewart Stevenson and was then elected to the Scottish Parliament by the North East Scotland regional list. The Conservatives appointed him as their spokesperson for rural economy and connectivity. He resigned that role on 16 May 2018 after a newspaper became aware of him lobbying local councillors to support ANM's industrial development proposals, without declaring his financial interest, owning £50,000 worth of ANM shares (the maximum allowed). He sits on the Rural Economy and Connectivity Committee of the Scottish Parliament.
Chapman retired from the Scottish Parliament at the 2021 election.
# Oskar Morawetz

Oskar Morawetz, CM OOnt (January 17, 1917 – June 13, 2007) was a Canadian composer.

## Biography

Morawetz was born in Světlá nad Sázavou, Bohemia (now in the Czech Republic), into a Jewish family. He studied piano and theory in Prague and, following the Nazi takeover of his country in 1938, studied in Vienna and Paris. At the age of 19 he was recommended by George Szell for the assistant conductor's post with the Prague Opera. In 1940 he left Europe for Canada where he began teaching at the Royal Conservatory of Music in 1946, and in 1952 was appointed to the University of Toronto where he was professor of composition until his retirement in 1982. His work was also part of the music event in the art competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
In 1971, From the Diary of Anne Frank won a Juno Award for "Best Classical Composition" in 2001. His Concerto for Harp and Orchestra also won a Juno award in 1989. On three occasions, Morawetz was awarded a Canada Council Senior Arts Fellowship (1960, 1967, 1974) for his contribution to Canadian music. In 1987, Morawetz received the Order of Ontario and in 1989 he received the Order of Canada for his "outstanding achievements and service". SOCAN honoured Morawetz in 1994 and in 1999. He was also awarded an honorary diploma from the Royal Conservatory of Music (1998), and the Golden Jubilee Medal (2002)

## Citations

* ↑ "Oskar Morawetz: Home". www.oskarmorawetz.com. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
* ↑ Jami Rhodes. A performer's guide to Oskar Morawetz' From the Diary of Anne Frank
* ↑ "Oskar Morawetz". Olympedia. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
* ↑ Governor General of Canada (17 November 1988). "Oskar Morawetz, C.M., O.Ont., D.Mus". Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
# Katarina Tomasevski

Katarina Tomasevski (8 February 1953 – 4 October 2006) was, from 1998 to 2004, the first United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to education of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. She was born in Yugoslavia, studied law at the University of Zagreb (PhD 1980) and at Harvard University (LLM 1977). She wrote more than 200 articles and taught at many universities, including University of Lund, Harvard School of Public Health, the London School of Economics, the UN University and Peking University.

## Books

* Responding to human rights violations, 1946–1999. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2002.
* Education Denied: Costs and Remedies. Zed Books, 2003
* The State of the Right to Education Worldwide Free or Fee: 2006 Global Report.
# Pseudarthria hookeri

Pseudarthria hookeri, the pink velvet bean, is a lanky, perennial Afrotropical herb in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is named after William Hooker. It is widespread in the African tropics and moist uplands of the African subtropics, from Senegal and Ethiopia southwards to eastern South Africa. It bears rough trifoliolate leaves along the stem, and produces terminal, pink flowers in late summer. The stem may grow up to 2 or 3 meters in height annually, before it dies back in the dry season.
# Cabrières, Hérault

Cabrières (French pronunciation:; Languedocien: Cabrièiras) is a commune in the Hérault department in southern France. It is noted for its flourishing wine industry.

## Viticulture

Cabrières wine is marketed under the AOC Coteaux du Languedoc. This is the smallest of the Languedoc Roussillon appellations.
Grape varieties permitted are:
* White : Bourboulenc, Roussanne, Marsanne, Clairette, Terret
* Rosé : Grenache (10% maximum when blended) or Cinsaut (45% minimum for rosés; 40% maximum for reds)
* Red : Carignan, Grenache, Mourvèdre and Syrah.
The Grenache, Mourvèdre and Syrah varieties combined must add up to a minimum of 50%.
The majority of wine production takes place in the Cave Coopérative des Vignerons de l'Estabel, which has been bottling wine since 1948. Other production wineries are Le Domaine du Temple, le Château des Deux Rocs, le Clos Romain, le Mas de Valbrune and le Mas Cauvi. All told, Cabrières wine production is restricted to 20,000 hectolitres.

## Geology

The GSSP for the Tournaisian is near the summit of La Serre hill, in the commune of Cabrières, in the Montagne Noire (southern France). The GSSP is in a section on the southern side of the hill, in an 80 cm deep trench, about 125 m south of the summit, 2.5 km southwest of the village of Cabrières and 2.5 km north of the hamlet of Fontès.
# McCollough

McCollough is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aaron McCollough (born 1971), American poet
* Celeste McCollough, American scientist
* Evan McCollough (born 1987), American football player
* Jack McCollough (born 1978), fashion designer
* Jaylen McCollough (born 2000), American football player
* W. Alan McCollough (born 1950), American businessman
# Peter Charles Larkin

Peter Charles Larkin, PC (May 14, 1855 – February 3, 1930) was a Canadian businessman, diplomat and political patron.

## Business career

Larkin, a world traveller who specialized in finding foodstuffs for import, was best known for founding the Salada Tea Company in 1892. Larkin introduced the concept of packaging tea in foil to maintain quality. Previously, tea had been sold in loose form. This innovation proved popular and soon became the industry standard, helping to establish Salada as a leading seller of tea in Canada and the northeastern U.S., with factories in Toronto, Montreal and Boston.

## Political influence

Larkin was a close friend of Sir Wilfrid Laurier and William Lyon Mackenzie King. He was one of several wealthy supporters of the Liberal Party of Canada who contributed furniture, china and silver to Laurier House, the residence of Mackenzie King. In the late 1920s, Larkin raised $250,000 for Mackenzie King in order to give him financial security.
As Prime Minister of Canada, Mackenzie King appointed Larkin as Canadian high commissioner to the United Kingdom, a position he held until his death. Larkin was the driving force behind Canada's acquisition of the building later known as Canada House in London to house the Canadian high commission.

## Personal life and death

On June 27, 1883, Larkin married Hannah Jean Ross in Cobourg, Ontario. They had one daughter and one son, Gerald Ross Larkin (1885–1961). The latter managed the Salada Tea Company from the 1920s until he retired in 1957.
On February 3, 1930, Larkin died at the age of 74 in London, England.
# Festa do Albariño

The Festa do Albariño is a gastronomical feast in Cambados, Galicia, Spain celebrated during the week leading to the first Sunday of August. It is the oldest wine feast of Galicia and the second of Spain.
The origin of this feast was a challenge in 1953 between Bernardino Quintanilla and Ernesto Zárate for determining the best wine of 1952.

## The Festa

Nowadays, the festa is celebrated during the week leading to the first Sunday of August. It is a popular event in which both the wine Albariño and the people are the stars. Every year this party concentrates about 150.000 people. This event is one of the most important of the Galician feast calendar.
The Festa do Albariño has two faces. One of then is the public face: musical shows, fireworks, exhibitions, sport competitions, artworks, workshops about the Albariño and a collective tasting of the wine. The second face is formed by all of the official acts like the parade of the Capítulo Serenísimo do Albariño, which is held on the Sunday of the feast and goes from the Town Council Square to the Fefiñans Square.
# Prioritet Serneke Arena

Prioritet Serneke Arena is a multi-sport complex in the district of Kviberg in Gothenburg, Sweden.
The arena, located in Kviberg Park in eastern Gothenburg, is the largest multi-sport complex in the Nordic countries. It has a total area of 45,300 m² spread out on seven floors, and houses amongst other things a 1.2 km long indoor all-season skiing trail and a full-size football pitch with a spectator capacity of 3,300. There are also two sports other halls (for handball, etc.), a restaurant, a hotel, conference areas, a fitness centre, and a sports injury clinic. The complex is also used by the elementary school Änglagårdsskolan connected to IFK Göteborg, the sports gymnasium Aspero Idrottsgymnasium and the football academy of IFK Göteborg.
The plans to build Prioritet Serneke Arena were conceived in the mid-2000s by the contracting company Serneke, the head of the IFK Göteborg Academy Roger Gustafsson and the "Änglagårdsskolan". The first names of the project were "Änglagården" (an informal nickname of the Academy) and later on "Göteborgs Nya Arena". The first plans were to build an indoor arena and school premises with a total area of 23,000 m². In 2010, discussions with other parties started and a skiing trail, fitness centre, hotel, restaurant, and conference areas were added to the plans. The project broke ground on 1 August 2012 and after three years of construction, the facilities were opened to the public on 10 July 2015. The current name was unveiled in connection to the opening.
It is owned and operated by Serneke and the financial institution Prioritet Finans. The complex was designed by architects Fredrik Hansson and Rickard Stark from OkiDoki! Arkitekter and the building cost was SEK 800 million.

## Citations

* 1 2 Domellöf-Wik 2015.
* 1 2 3 Prioritet Serneke Arena – Om Arenan.
* 1 2 3 4 5 Serneke – Prioritet Serneke Arena.
* 1 2 Piauger 2015.
* ↑ Löfgren 2014.
* 1 2 3 Lindqvist 2014.
* ↑ Fransson 2015.
# Milan Triennial VIII

The Milan Triennial VIII was the Triennial in Milan sanctioned by the Bureau of International Expositions (BIE) on the 11 June 1946. Its theme was The House. It was held at the Palazzo dell'Arte and ran from 31 May 1947 to 14 September 1947.
# Quranic timeline

The page gives a timeline of the various events related to the Quran according to traditional Islamic accounts.

## Events
### Muhammad

* 22 December 609 CE, Muhammad recites a chapter of the Quran for the first time after angel Gabriel, according to Islamic tradition, reveals surah Al-Alaq in the Cave of Hira.
* 610 CE, Muhammad receives the second revelation with surah Al-Muddaththir.
* 622 CE Al-Baqara, the first surah after the Hijrah is revealed.
* 624 CE Al-Anfal is revealed mentioning the Battle of Badr.
* 632 CE surah Al-Ma'idah is revealed, the last sura.

### Post Muhammad

* 633 CE The Qur'an was written down on the order of Abu Bakr in one book form
* earlier than 645 -In 2015 the manuscript, which is held by the University of Birmingham was radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 CE (in the Islamic calendar, between 56 BH and 25 AH)
* 653 CE The Quran is canonized by Uthman ibn Affan
* 657 CE; pages of the Quran are wrapped around swords by Muawiyahs forces during the Battle of Siffin
* 661 CE - 671 CE: the estimated radiocarbon dating of one of the oldest surviving copy of the Quran, the Sanaa manuscript
* 769: The first full tafsir attributed to Muqatil ibn Sulayman ibn Bashiral-Balkhi. Ma'ani al-Qur'an (The Meaning of The Qur'an) by Abu Zakaria al-Farra (207AH).
* 859 CE, the oldest quranic school (madrasa) in University of al-Qarawiyyin is built
* 883 CE; Tafsir al-Tabari, one of the oldest and big surviving tafsir collections was completed
* 884 CE; the first complete translation of the Quran into a foreign language
* 1609 CE Quranic calligraphy for the Taj Mahal is created by Abdul Haq, aka Amanat Khan
* 1649 CE; the first known translation of the Quran into the English language by Alexander Ross, chaplain to King Charles I.
Some modern scientific methods discussed in "Nassourou, Mohamadou (2013), 'The Qurʾanic verses : history, computer-supported reconstruction of the order of revelation, examining the concept of abrogation', AVM - Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft, Munich, Germany, ISBN 978-3869244754" have also been used to reconstruct the entire chronology of the Quranic verses.