OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Llanrhydd

Llanrhydd or Llanrhudd is a parish one and a half miles south-west of Ruthin in Denbighshire, Wales; 'rhudd' being the Welsh name for 'red' – the colour of the local sandstone.

## St Meugan's Church

In a tiny rural hamlet a mile or so from the town centre, St Meugan's was the original mother-church of the Welsh settlement which became Ruthin. The pretty little 15th century building (dedicated to a hermit-saint from Caerleon in Gwent) contains many notable furnishings – above all the ‘rood screen’ which once supported a ‘rood’ or crucifix (also at Derwen). The church probably dates back to the early 1500s and is a fine example of local carpentry: richly carved with intricate tracery, with an ‘ivy-berry’ trail (which is a Vale of Clwyd speciality) along its upper rail. The Georgian west gallery opposite (for choir and ‘church band’) is an even rarer survival, and is dated 1721, as such galleries were generally removed by the Victorians. Also rare is the ornate 17th century altar table.
On the walls nearby are the intriguing monuments of the Thelwall family, who came to Ruthin with their de Grey overlords. The oldest depicts Elizabeth John and Jane Thelwall with their ten sons and four daughters, all named and some holding skulls to show that they died before their parents. The ninth son Ambrose is again commemorated by a fine portrait bust: a courtier to three Stuart kings, he retired here in the ‘troublesome times’ of Republican rule and died in 1653.
In the churchyard (not far from the south porch) stands the decorated nine-foot shaft of a medieval preaching cross: and in the north-east corner is the gravestone of ‘Alfred Corbett, Tramp’ a popular figure who died in 1947. A good guidebook is available in the church.
St Meugan's church is open by appointment.
# History and Memory: For Akiko and Takashige

History and Memory: For Akiko and Takashige is a 1991 documentary film by Rea Tajiri. In her film, Tajiri recalls her family's experience of the American internment of the Japanese during World War II.
History and Memory explores the story beyond the recorded history of the internment of the Japanese and Japanese Americans. The film premiered at the 1991 Whitney Biennial exhibition, and has since been screened over 250 times.

## The Film

Tajiri presents collective history from mainstream mediums, whilst presenting her own history through the memory of real people. To create her own personal history, Tajiri utilizes memory through her family members' experiences, along with photographs and 8mm footage. She also uses mainstream mediums such as, newsreels, Hollywood feature film, and government propaganda.
Caryn James, wrote in The New York Times that "Tajiri approaches her subject like a poet. She weaves together images and allows them to enrich one another in skewed and subtle ways as their resonances slowly emerge."

## Awards

* 1991: Distinguished Achievement Award from the International Documentary Association (Whitney Biennial, World Premiere)
* 1992: Special Jury Prize: "New Visions Category" (San Francisco International Film Festival)
* 1992: Best Experimental Video (Atlanta Film and Video Festival)
* Named one of the Top 100 American Films by Women Directors
# History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences

History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the history and philosophy of biology. It was established in 1979 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The editors in chief are Sabina Leonelli and Giovanni Boniolo. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 0.559.
# Peter Abelsson

Peter Abelsson (born 14 July 1977) is a Swedish former football defender who played for Trelleborgs FF (two spells), Nybro IF, Viking and Malmö FF.

## Honours

Malmö FF
* Allsvenskan: 2004
# Lochee West railway station

Lochee West railway station served the area of Lochee, Dundee, Scotland from 1861 to 1916 on the Dundee and Newtyle Railway.

## History

The station opened as Victoria on 10 June 1861 by the Dundee and Newtyle Railway. There was a goods yard to the north which had a shed. The station's name was changed to Camperdown on 1 May 1862 and changed to Lochee West on 1 February 1896. The station closed to both passengers and goods traffic on 1 January 1916.
# Historical Museum of the Saru River

The Historical Museum of the Saru River (沙流川歴史館, Saru-gawa Rekishi-kan) opened in the Nibutani area of Biratori, Hokkaidō, Japan in 1998, the year after Nibutani Dam was completed. The Museum documents the natural and cultural history of life along the Saru River and has information on nearby chashi. The collection includes 123 objects dating from the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries that were excavated from the Nibutani Site (二風谷遺跡) and have been designated a Prefectural Cultural Property. The "Cultural Landscape along the Sarugawa River resulting from Ainu Tradition and Modern Settlement" has been designated an Important Cultural Landscape.
# Lois Sather McGill

Lois Sather McGill (1923-1995) was a professor in the Department of Food Sciences and Technology at Oregon State University. She was hired to establish the sensory evaluation program in 1945; she was the first female faculty member in the Department of Food Science and Technology. When she retired, the university granted her Emeritus Professor status.

## Life

In 1923, Lois Ann Young was born in Wilsonville, Oregon. She married Glenn V. Sather in 1946 and they had three children between 1948 and 1952. In 1966, Glenn Sather, passed away and in 1969, she married Thomas E. McGill.

## Oregon State University

She studied Home Economics at Oregon State University from 1941 to 1945. In 1944, she was Secretary of the Junior class, vice-president of the Physical Education Club, and Secretary of Kappa Delta. She was an Honor Student her final year.
Immediately after graduation, she was hired as a Research Assistant for Food Industries in the Department of Food Sciences and Technology. She was charged with setting up Oregon State University's sensory evaluation program, which was known as "the Flavorium" and provided her with research data for future publications on food technologies.
She left her position at OSU in 1949 to have children and returned after the birth of her third child in 1952. In 1952, she became the first permanent home economist in the food technology and was put in charge of the testing kitchen; her area of study was the use of Oregon fruits in frozen products. In 1964, the department reorganized and she was put in charge of the Sensory Analysis Program. In 1963 she was promoted to Associate Professor and in 1973 to Full Professor. She retired in 1983 and Mina McDaniel was hired to replace her.
Sather McGill wrote or co-wrote technical papers focused on dairy and food science and contributed articles to campus publications.
In 1971, Sather McGill was one of Corvallis’ Women of Achievement and the Oregon State Employees Association faculty chapter named her Employee of the Year. She was the first woman to join the American Association of University Professors OSU chapter in 1977; the chapter was established at OSU in 1926. She was also a member of National Institute of Food Technologies, and was elected as a Fellow in 1983.
She died in 1995.
# Lois Ruby

Lois Ruby is the author of several children's and young adult books, including some historical fiction. Her most notable works are the historical fiction novels Steal Away Home and The Secret of Laurel Oaks.

## Personal life

Ruby is a former resident of Wichita, Kansas, just two hours south of Lawrence, Kansas, the setting of her novel Steal Away Home. Ruby has also lived in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She now lives in Cincinnati, Ohio with her husband. She has three adult sons and seven grandchildren.

## Works

* Arriving at a Place You've Never Left (1977)
* What Do You Do In Quicksand? (1981)
* Two Truths in My Pocket (1983)
* This Old Man (1986)
* Pig-Out Inn (1988)
* Miriam's Well (1995)
* Skin Deep (1996)
* Steal Away Home (1999)
* Swindletop (2000)
* Soon Be Free (2002)
* The Moxie Kid (2003)
* Journey to Jamestown (2005)
* Shanghai Shadows (2006)
* The Secret of Laurel Oaks (2008), a book in 208 worldCat libraries about a girl named Lila and a girl named Daphne
* Strike! Mother Jones and the Colorado Coal Field War (2012)
* Rebel Spirits (2013)
* The Doll Graveyard (2014)
* The Secret Grave (2017)
* Red Menace (2020)
* Eddie Whatever (2021)
* Gallows Hill (2023)
# Markland Hill

Markland Hill is a mostly residential district of Bolton, Greater Manchester, England. Historically within Lancashire, it is about 2.5 miles to the north west of the town centre. It lies on the lower south facing slopes of the West Pennine Moors. It is bounded by Lostock to the south, Doffcocker to the north, and Heaton to the east. It occupied the northern part of the Heaton township.
Markland Hill County Primary School, which covers years Foundation to Year 6, is situated on Markland Hill. It is near Doffcocker Lodge lying within the Bolton Ring Road, which is locally designated as Victoria Road.
# Peter Scudamore

Peter Michael Scudamore MBE (born 29 June 1958), often known as 'Scu', is a trainer and former jockey in National Hunt racing. He was an eight-time Champion Jockey (including one title shared with John Francome), riding 1,678 winning horses in his career. He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for services to National Hunt Racing in the 1990 Birthday Honours.

## Early life

Scudamore was born in June 1958 to jockey Michael Scudamore and his wife Mary. Michael Scudamore won the 1959 Grand National on Oxo, when his son was still a baby. Scudamore remembers little about his father's career, except for the fall that ended it. He has, however, spoken of his father's toughness as a jockey and of wanting to live up to him.

## Racing career

Scudamore's first competitive ride came in 1978, the start of a 15-year career which would see him break many jumps racing records. He benefited particularly from being a stable jockey for the record breaking trainer Martin Pipe and the partnership was an extremely successful one throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.
As well as setting the then all-time career record of 1,678 winners, he also set the record for most winners in a season (221) in 1988–89, surpassing Jonjo O'Neill's mark to become the first jockey to exceed 150 in one season. Although both records have since been surpassed, Scudamore's records were set before the advent of year-round National Hunt racing. In all, he was champion eight times.
He won 13 times at the Cheltenham Festival including two Champion Hurdles - Celtic Shot in 1988 and Granville Again in 1993 - and a Queen Mother Champion Chase on Pearlyman. Other major victories included the Hennessy Cognac Gold Cup (twice), Mackeson Gold Cup, four Welsh Nationals (including two on Bonanza Boy) and two Scottish Nationals. Horses with which he was associated during his racing career included Grand National winners Miinnehoma and Little Polveir although he himself won neither a National nor a Cheltenham Gold Cup nor a King George.
He retired on 7 April 1993 with a winning ride on Sweet Duke at Ascot, his 1,678th winner.

## Post-retirement

Immediately after retirement as a jockey, Scudamore became an assistant trainer to his business partner Nigel Twiston-Davies.
He later moved to Scotland to live with, and become assistant trainer to, jumps trainer, Lucinda Russell at Arlary House Stables near Milnathort.
He has also pursued a career in media, featuring regularly as a pundit on BBC racing coverage and writing a racing column for the Daily Mail.
He is involved with his son Michael's yard in Herefordshire and his other son Tom Scudamore is a retired professional jockey.
Peter is second cousin to former Chief Executive of the F.A. Premier League, Richard Scudamore.
# Peter Kingston

Peter Kingston may refer to:
* Peter Kingston (soccer), American soccer player
* Peter Kingston (artist), Australian artist
* Peter Kingston (rugby union), English rugby union player
# Loch Bà (Mull)

Loch Bà is a freshwater loch, about 5 km long, in the centre of the Isle of Mull, in Scotland. It is drained by the River Bà, flowing into Loch na Keal, a sea loch on the west of Mull.

## Geography

The Loch Bà ring dike, found on the Isle of Mull in Scotland, serves as a classic example of a well formed ring dike. This intrusive body forms an oval and its diameter can be measured at roughly 5.8 km by 8.5 km. The width of the dike varies throughout the profile, with a maximum width of approximately 300 meters. The composition varies from rhyolite to felsite, with phenocrysts of alkali feldspar and mafic minerals.
# Lollipop graph

In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, the (m,n)-lollipop graph is a special type of graph consisting of a complete graph (clique) on m vertices and a path graph on n vertices, connected with a bridge.
The special case of the (2n/3,n/3)-lollipop graphs are known as graphs which achieve the maximum possible hitting time, cover time and commute time.
# Lobbying Act

Lobbying Act can refer to several pieces of legislation governing the lobbying of government:
* Lobbying Act (Canada) - Canadian law regarding lobbying of Parliament
* Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 - US law regarding lobbying of the US Congress
* Transparency of Lobbying, Non-party Campaigning and Trade Union Administration Act 2014 - UK law regarding political and lobbying activities
# HitDynamics

HitDynamics is a provider of web analytics software allowing website owners to track the traffic to their sites and ascertain which traffic sources deliver conversions to sales.
The company was founded by internet entrepreneur Max Polyakov in January 2005, and was acquired in on 6 March 2006 by Hitwise. The company's technology now exists as the web analytics arm of the HitWise suite.
# Lone Wiggers

Lone Wiggers (born 1963, in Helsingør) is a Danish architect, one of the partners at C. F. Møller Architects.

## Biography

Wiggers studied architecture at the Aarhus School of Architecture and the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris. After a year in London working with the Project Design Partnership (1989), she returned to Copenhagen where she joined Anna Maria Indrio (1990) before joining C. F. Møller Architects where she became a partner in 1997. Wiggers has participated in a wide range of projects including residential housing, commercial buildings, schools, old people's homes, hospitals and museums. They cover both new constructions and the conversion and restoration of older buildings. She has served on many boards and committees, heading the architecture committee for the Danish Ministry of Culture's cultural canon and participating in the Special Building Survey Council for the Cultural Heritage Board since 2003.

## Awards

Wiggers was awarded the Copenhagen Masons' Guild's Architecture Prize in 1999 and the Nykredit Architecture Prize in 2006.
# Lokossa

Lokossa is an arrondissement, commune, and the capital city of Mono Department in Benin. The name Lokossa translates into English as "underneath the iroko tree".
The commune covers an area of 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi) and as of 2002 had a population of 77,065 people.
# Hofmannsthal

The von Hofmannsthal is an Austrian noble family of Jewish origin. In 1835, the family was raised to the status of hereditary nobility in Austria by Emperor Ferdinand I and were since known as Edler von Hofmannsthal. Edler was a rank of nobility in Austria-Hungary and Germany, just beneath a Ritter (hereditary knight), but above untitled nobles. Members of the Hofmannsthal family distinguished themselves as merchants, industrialists, writers and librettists.

## Notable members

* Isaak Löw Hofmann, Edler von Hofmannsthal (1759–1849), Austrian merchant
* Augustin Emil Hofmann von Hofmannsthal (1815–1881), industrialist
* Hugo von Hofmannsthal (1874–1929), Austrian prodigy, writer, and librettist, married Gertrude Schlesinger (1880-1939)
** Christiane von Hofmannsthal [de] (1902–1987), married Heinrich Zimmer in 1929
** Franz von Hofmannsthal (1903–1929), committed suicide
** Raimund von Hofmannsthal (1906–1974), married 1) Ava Alice Muriel Astor (1902-1956) in 1933 2) Lady Elizabeth Hester Mary Paget (1916-1980)
*** Romana von Hofmannsthal (born c. 1935), married Rory McEwen in 1958
*** Sarah Arabella Marjorie von Hofmannsthal (b. 1946), married 1) Frederick Patrick Piers von Westenholz 2) Michael FitzGerald Heathcoat-Amory
*** Octavian Charles Hugo von Hofmannsthal (b. 1946), married Annabel Lea
**** Rodolphe von Hofmannsthal (b. 1980), married Lady Frances Armstrong-Jones (b. 1979), younger daughter of the 1st Earl of Snowdon in 2006
# Hofmann voltameter

A Hofmann voltameter is an apparatus for electrolysing water, invented by August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–1892) in 1866. It consists of three joined upright cylinders, usually glass. The inner cylinder is open at the top to allow addition of water which contains a low concentration of a compound such as sulfuric acid to improve conductivity and complete the circuit. A platinum electrode is placed inside the bottom of each of the two side cylinders, connected to the positive and negative terminals of a source of electricity. When current is run through Hofmann's voltameter, gaseous oxygen forms at the anode and gaseous hydrogen at the cathode. Each gas displaces water and collects at the top of the two outer tubes.
The tubes which collect the product gases are usually graduated, so that the volume of gas can be measured.

## Name

The name 'voltameter' was coined by Daniell, who shortened Faraday's original name of "volta-electrometer". Hofmann voltameters are no longer used as electrical measuring devices. However, before the invention of the ammeter, voltameters were often used to measure direct current, since current through a voltameter with iron or copper electrodes electroplates the cathode with an amount of metal from the anode directly proportional to the total coulombs of charge transferred (Faraday's law of electrolysis). The modern name is "electrochemical coulometer". Although the correct spelling of Hofmann contains only one 'f', it is often incorrectly depicted as Hoffmann.

## Uses

The amount of electricity that has passed through the system can then be determined from the volume of gas. Thomas Edison used voltameters as electricity meters.
A Hofmann voltameter is often used as a demonstration of stoichiometric principles, as the two-to-one ratio of the volumes of hydrogen and oxygen gas produced by the apparatus illustrates the chemical formula of water, H$_2$O. However, this is only true if oxygen and hydrogen gases are assumed to be diatomic. If hydrogen gas were monatomic and oxygen diatomic, the gas volume ratio would be 4:1. The volumetric composition of water is the ratio by volume of hydrogen to oxygen present. This value is 2:1 experimentally; this value is determined using Hofmann's water voltameter.
# Hofmeister

Hofmeister may refer to:
* Hofmeister (surname)
* Schlomo Hofmeister, Rabbi
* Hofmeister (office), medieval and early modern court position
* Hofmeister Lager, a UK lager brand
* Friedrich Hofmeister Musikverlag, German music publisher, short: Hofmeister
* Hofmeister series, a classification of ions in order of their ability to salt out or salt in proteins
# Loch a' Mhadail

Loch a' Mhadail or Loch a' Mhiotailt is a small freshwater lochan that lies immediately to the south-west of Loch Veyatie and is connected by a channel to Loch Veyatie within the area of Inverpolly. The channel measures about 20 foot in length, 10 feet in width and 1 foot in depth. When the water level is low, Loch a' Mhadail is separated from Loch Veyatie by a dyke made of Gneiss.

## National scenic area

The loch is located in an area along with neighbouring Coigach, as the Assynt-Coigach National Scenic Area, one of 40 such areas in Scotland.

## Geography

Loch a' Mhadail is located in an area that has a number of large lochs and small lochans with many burns and small rivers. To the west is the large central loch of Loch Sionascaig with its many islands, that receives water from Loch a' Mhadail via an unnamed burn. Almost directly north and to the west is Fionn Loch. Slightly to the east is the small Loch a Ghille. Directly south is the ridgeline of Coire Gom, that constitutes the northside of Cùl Mòr, a shapely, twin summited mountain that is the highest point in Inverpolly, at 849 m (2,785 ft). South of that is Drumronie Forest. To the north-east about 2 miles from the loch, is the imposing peak of Suilven at 731 m (2,398 ft). To the south-west is Loch an Doire Dhuibh and Loch Lurgainn and the mountain of Cùl Beag at 769 m (2,523 ft).

## Habitat

Loch a' Mhadail is located in Inverpolly, in an area that consists mostly of bogs, marshes and fens surrounding a number of inland lochs and rivers with some broad-leaved deciduous woodland coverage. Loch a' Mhadail along with other lochs in the area are nutrient poor with a low number of associated plant species that includes Juncus bulbosus, Littorella uniflora and Lobelia dortmanna. Larger lochs in the area, for example Loch Sionascaig have a higher variation in flora, for example, Isoetes lacustris, Subularia aquatica and Myriophyllum alterniflorum.
Inverpolly is covered in blanket bogs within a wet, cool, oceanic climate. Eriophorum vaginatum and Trichophorum cespitosum is predominant at low-lying and flat ground. Calluna and Eriophorum vaginatum are predominate at higher-ground. The large Atlantic liverwort Pleurozia purpurea is common in the area.
The habitat supports large numbers of the Eurasian otter.
# Kentucky Route 48

Kentucky Route 48 (KY 48) is an 11-mile-long (18 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. KY 48 runs from U.S. Route 31E (US 31E) and U.S. Route 150 (US 150) in Highgrove to US 62 and KY 55 in Bloomfield, passing through the community of Fairfield.

## Route description

KY 48 travels southeast from US 31E in Nelson County. After about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of Highgrove, KY 48 enters Spencer County and straddles the county line before reentering Nelson County west of Fairfield. After passing through Fairfield, KY 48 begins heading eastward before terminating at US 62 and KY 55 in Bloomfield.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Nelson | Highgrove | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 31E (Louisville Road) / Crenshaw Lane | Western terminus |
| Spencer | ​ | 4.121 | 6.632 | KY 623 north (Lilly Pike) | Southern terminus of KY 623 |
| Nelson | ​ | 6.370 | 10.252 | KY 509 west (Fairfield Road) | Eastern terminus of KY 509 |
| Nelson | Fairfield | 7.001 | 11.267 | KY 652 north (Little Union Road) | Southern terminus of KY 652 |
| Nelson | Bloomfield | 10.908 | 17.555 | KY 162 west (Bardstown Road) | Eastern terminus of KY 162 |
| Nelson | Bloomfield | 11.040 | 17.767 | US 62 (Springfield Road / Chaplin Road) / KY 55 (Taylorsville Road) | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||||
# Parallel Dimensions (album)

Parallel Dimensions is Perseo Miranda's fourth album, released on December 5, 2008, on Erga Editions. The album was recorded at Music Art Studios (Italy) in August 2008.
It received good reviews: Italian webzine OndaAlternativa noted some changes in the style, moving from gothic metal to a kind of "trash-prog metal".Powermetal.it described this work as hard rock music with modern ideas, especially in the guitar work.

## Track listing

* Parallel Dimensions
* The Mountain