OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Knapton, Scampston

Knapton is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Scampston, in North Yorkshire, England. The parish included the hamlets of East Knapton and West Knapton. In 1931 the parish had a population of 236.

## History

The name origin of "Knapton" is uncertain and may mean 'Cnapa's farm/settlement' or 'servant's/boy's farm/settlement'. Knapton was recorded in the Domesday Book as Cnapeton/Cnapetone. In the Domesday Book, Knapton in the hundred of Toreshou, is mentioned as being held in 1066 by Edeva, wife of Topi, and in 1086 by Ranulph de Mortimer. Knapton was formerly a township and chapelry in the parish of Wintringham, in 1866 Knapton became a separate civil parish, in 1894 it became part of Norton Rural District, on 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Scampston. In 1974 the area became part of the non-metropolitan district of Ryedale and the county of North Yorkshire. In 2023 the area became part of North Yorkshire district.

## Church

The parish church was the Church of St Edmund, located in the grounds of Knapton Hall.
# Pietrosul (disambiguation)

Pietrosul may refer to the following rivers in Romania:
* Pietrosul, a tributary of the Mureș in Harghita County
* Pietrosul, a tributary of the Siret in Iași County
* Pietrosul, a tributary of the Sulța in Bacău County
* Pietrosul, a tributary of the Tazlăul Sărat in Bacău County
# Melanoleuca (disambiguation)

Melanoleuca is a genus of mushrooms in the family Tricholomataceae.
Melanoleuca, derived from the Ancient Greek melano- meaning "black", and leukos meaning "white", may refer to:
* Melanoleuca, a junior synonym of the moth genus Ethmia
* Ailuropoda melanoleuca, the binomial name of the giant panda
# Kaedi (department)

Kaedi is a department of Gorgol Region in Mauritania.

## List of municipalities in the department

The Kaedi department is made up of following municipalities:
* Djeol
* Ganki
* Kaédi
* Lexelba
* Nere Walo
* Tokomadji
* Tufunde Cive
In 2013, the entire population of the Kaedi Department has a total of 121,726 inhabitants (58,835 men and 62,891 women).
# Phimophis

Phimophis is a genus of snakes in the subfamily Dipsadinae. The genus is endemic to South America.

## Species

Three species are currently recognized.
* Phimophis guerini (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) – Argentine pampas snake
* Phimophis guianensis (Troschel, 1848) – Troschel's pampas snake
* Phimophis vittatus (Boulenger, 1896) – banded pampas snake
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Phimophis.
# Liquefaction of gases

Liquefaction of gases is physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state (condensation). The liquefaction of gases is a complicated process that uses various compressions and expansions to achieve high pressures and very low temperatures, using, for example, turboexpanders.

## Uses

Liquefaction processes are used for scientific, industrial and commercial purposes. Many gases can be put into a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure by simple cooling; a few, such as carbon dioxide, require pressurization as well. Liquefaction is used for analyzing the fundamental properties of gas molecules (intermolecular forces), or for the storage of gases, for example: LPG, and in refrigeration and air conditioning. There the gas is liquefied in the condenser, where the heat of vaporization is released, and evaporated in the evaporator, where the heat of vaporization is absorbed. Ammonia was the first such refrigerant, and is still in widespread use in industrial refrigeration, but it has largely been replaced by compounds derived from petroleum and halogens in residential and commercial applications.
Liquid oxygen is provided to hospitals for conversion to gas for patients with breathing problems, and liquid nitrogen is used in the medical field for cryosurgery, by inseminators to freeze semen, and by field and lab scientists to preserve samples. Liquefied chlorine is transported for eventual solution in water, after which it is used for water purification, sanitation of industrial waste, sewage and swimming pools, bleaching of pulp and textiles and manufacture of carbon tetrachloride, glycol and numerous other organic compounds as well as phosgene gas.
Liquefaction of helium ($^4$He) with the precooled Hampson–Linde cycle led to a Nobel Prize for Heike Kamerlingh Onnes in 1913. At ambient pressure the boiling point of liquefied helium is 4.22 K (−268.93 °C). Below 2.17 K liquid $^4$He becomes a superfluid (Nobel Prize 1978, Pyotr Kapitsa) and shows characteristic properties such as heat conduction through second sound, zero viscosity and the fountain effect among others.
The liquefaction of air is used to obtain nitrogen, oxygen, and argon and other atmospheric noble gases by separating the air components by fractional distillation in a cryogenic air separation unit.

## Liquid air
### Linde's process

Air is liquefied by the Linde process, in which air is alternately compressed, cooled, and expanded, each expansion results in a considerable reduction in temperature. With the lower temperature the molecules move more slowly and occupy less space, so the air changes phase to become liquid.

### Claude's process

Air can also be liquefied by Claude's process in which the gas is allowed to expand isentropically twice in two chambers. While expanding, the gas has to do work as it is led through an expansion turbine. The gas is not yet liquid, since that would destroy the turbine. Commercial air liquefication plants bypass this problem by expanding the air at supercritical pressures. Final liquefaction takes place by isenthalpic expansion in a thermal expansion valve.
# Hyalosperma praecox

Hyalosperma praecox commonly known as fine-leaf sunray, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is an upright, annual herb with stems branching from the base and yellow or white flowers and grows in New South Wales and Victoria.

## Description

Hyalosperma praecox is an upright, multi-stemmed annual 10–20 cm (3.9–7.9 in) high with stems arising from the base. The leaves are narrow, green, 5–40 mm (0.20–1.57 in) long, decreasing in size toward the apex, upper leaves with a dry appendage, and tapering to a point. The white or yellow flowers are borne singly, bracts in several rows, outer bracts about 5 mm (0.20 in) long, inner bracts about 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in) long, corolla has five lobes and about 2 mm (0.079 in) long. Flowering occurs in spring and the fruit is an oval-shaped cypsela about 1 mm (0.039 in) long and may be either smooth or warty.

## Taxonomy and naming

This species was first described by Ferdinand von Mueller and given the name Helipterum praecox. In 1989 Paul Graham Wilson changed the name to Hyalosperma praecox and the description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (praecox) means "early".

## Distribution and habitat

Fine-leaf sunray grows in open forests or grasslands on sand or heavy loam soils in New South Wales and Victoria.
# Busshō (Shōbōgenzō)

Busshō (Japanese: 佛性), or Buddha Nature, is the third book of the Shōbōgenzō by the 13th century Sōtō Zen monk Eihei Dōgen. It was written in the fall of 1241 at Dōgen's monastery Kōshōhōrin-ji in Kyoto. As the title implies, the work is a discussion of the concept of buddha nature, laying out Dōgen's unique viewpoint on what the term means. While more typical interpretations see Buddha-nature as the inherent prospect of becoming a buddha, or alternatively a sort of life force within us, in Busshō Dōgen interprets Buddha-nature simply as concrete reality itself. He presents this thesis in his characteristically difficult style using frequent allusions to and comments on classical Zen literature, as well as complex word play hinging on creative interpretations of Classical Chinese sentence structure.

## Interpretations of buddha nature

The literature of Mahāyāna Buddhism includes many discussions and comments on the notion of buddha nature, and its exact meaning has been interpreted in numerous ways over many centuries. At is most basic, it can simply be synonymous with "buddha" or the qualities that make one a Buddha. More commonly, it is used to mean the potential to become a buddha, with common analogies likening buddha nature to a seed and a fully-fledged buddha to the mature plant. Finally, it may mean the absolute, fundamental nature of all things.
Dōgen begins his work by quoting the putative words of Shakyamuni Buddha as recorded in the Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra stating that all living beings have buddha nature. He then equates this statement to a dialogue Dōgen often cites between Nanyue Huairang and his teacher Dajian Huineng in which they discuss the undefiled nature of "practice and verification" (Japanese: 修證; shushō), setting up his argument that buddha nature is just reality itself.
# Greal (Llangollen)

The Greal (Llangollen) was a 19th-century Welsh-language periodical, first published by William Williams in Llangollen in 1852. Its editors included Baptist minister John Jones (Mathetes, 1821-1878), minister Abel Jones Parry (1833-1911) and minister Owen Davies (1840-1929). Its articles were aimed at members of the Baptist Church congregations. Many popular Welsh musicians and poets of the 19th Century, such as John Owen published regularly in this popular periodical.
# North Dakota Fighting Hawks women's soccer

The North Dakota Fighting Hawks soccer team in Grand Forks, North Dakota competes in the Summit League. The current Fighting Hawks soccer head coach is Chris Logan.

## Head coaches

| # | Name | Term |
| 1 | Niel Sedgwick | 1999–2000 |
| 2 | Angela Morrison | 2001 |
| 3 | Matt Grandstrand | 2002–2003 |
| 4 | Tim Bennett | 2004 |
| 5 | Brock Thompson | 2005–2007 |
| 6 | Krisitin Gay | 2008–2012 |
| 7 | Matt Kellogg | 2013–2016 |
| 8 | Chris Logan | 2017–Present |

## Stadium

* Bronson Field
# Hueber

Hueber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aubin Hueber (born 1967), former French rugby union footballer and a current coach
* Charles Hueber (1883–1943), Alsatian politician
* Fortunatus Hueber (1639–1706), West German Franciscan historian and theologian
* Joseph Hueber (1715 or 1717–1787), Austrian baroque master builder
# Ruaidhri Mac Aedha

Ruaidhri Mac Aedha, Lord of Clann Cosgraigh, died 1170.
Mac Aeda was a descendant of Aedh mac Ruaidri, via his son, Muireadhach mac Aedh, whose descendants took the surname Mac Aedha.
The Clann Mac Aedha were rulers of Clann Cosgraigh, a district on the east shore of Lough Corrib in what is now County Galway.
Ruaidhri Mac Aedha died on a pilgrimage to Tuam in 1170. A 13th-century member of the family would become Archbishop of Tuam.
The surname is now rendered McHugh or Hughes, based on the traditional identification of the name Áed or Aodh with the (unrelated) English name Hugh, though Irish speakers in Galway have also retained a pronunciation that has produced the transcription McGagh, McGah or McGarr.
# Portia Reiners

Portia Sullivan Reiners (born March 8, 1990) is an American actress. She has worked in theater, television, and film. Her television career includes the role of Britney Jennings on One Life to Live.

## Career

Reiners began her acting career in theater at age seven, appearing as Oliver in the musical Oliver!, and then was signed to the Abrams Artists Agency at age ten. She began her television career in 2000 as Lily Benton Montgomery in All My Children, then played Ada Dunne in As the World Turns in 2006 followed by Britney Jennings in One Life to Live from 2006 through 2007.
She continued in theater playing Annie in the musical Annie, Catherine in The Children's Hour, Baby June in the musical Gypsy, and then starring as Jenny Litnov in The Notebook at the McGinn-Cazale Theatre in New York City. In 2001, she played Kasia Gruszka in More Lies about Jerzy at the Vineyard Theatre in New York City.
She starred as Mel in the 2010 movie Twelve Thirty.

## Filmography

* All My Children (7 episodes, 2000-2006) .... Lily Benton Montgomery
* The Grey Zone (2001) .... Young Girl (voice)
* Iron Jawed Angels (2004) (TV movie) .... 14-year-old Jenny Leighton
* Law & Order: Criminal Intent (1 episode, "In the Wee Small Hours: Part 1", 2005) .... Nancy
* Law & Order (1 episode, "Great Satan", 2009) ....Jill Sorenson
* As the World Turns (13 episodes, 2006) .... Ada Dunne
* One Life to Live (47 episodes, 2006-2007) .... Britney Jennings
* Neal Cassady (2007) .... Cathy Cassady
* Twelve Thirty (2010)

## Personal life

Her mother was an actress. Reiners was named after the character Portia from Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice.
# Mason Durie

Mason Durie may refer to:
* Mason Durie (community leader) (1889–1971), tribal leader from New Zealand
* Mason Durie (psychiatrist) (born 1938), psychiatry professor from New Zealand
# Lee Hurst (footballer)

Lee Hurst (born 21 September 1970) is an English retired footballer who played as a midfielder.
Hurst spent his whole English professional career at Coventry City, making his debut at the age of 20 on 2 February 1991 when they lost 1–0 to Wimbledon in the Football League First Division at Plough Lane. He made three more league appearances that season and 10 the following season before playing 35 times for the Sky Blues (scoring two goals) in the 1992-93 campaign when they were inaugural members of the Premier League and finished 15th. He was issued with the number 8 shirt when squad numbers were introduced for the 1993-94 season but a knee injury suffered in an off-the-field training exercise at the end of the previous season meant that he never appeared in that shirt. He finally retired in 1996, three years on, having failed to recover from the injury.
In 1998, he made a football comeback by appearing 14 times for the American side Charleston Battery.
# Paul Barkin

Paul Barkin is a Canadian film producer. He is most noted as a producer of the 2021 film Night Raiders, which was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Picture at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.
His other credits have included the films Apartment Hunting, Kardia, Amreeka, The Con Artist, The Colony, Stockholm and Firecrackers.
An alumnus of the Canadian Film Centre, he is the president of Alcina Pictures.
# Büttelberg

Büttelberg is a 530 m high, forest-covered mountain of Bavaria, Germany. It lies approximately 3 km south of Marktbergel. Since 1952 a broadcasting tower belonging to the Bayerischer Rundfunk is located on the mountain.
* This Bavaria location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Mexican Federal Highway 120

Federal Highway 120 (Carretera Federal 120) connects La Placita de Morelos, Michoacán, to Mexican Federal Highway 85 in San Luis Potosí. Federal Highway 120 is split into two segments: the first segment runs from Xilitla, San Luis Potosí in the north to San José, Michoacán in the south. The second segment travels from Quiroga, Michoacán in the north to Tepalcatepec in the south.
# David Hart (actor)

David Hart (born February 6, 1954) is an American actor and singer best known for his portrayal of Sgt. Parker Williams on the television series In the Heat of the Night (1988 to 1995).
He has appeared in numerous films. Hart continues to perform in theaters around the country, most recently performing as Charlemagne in Pippin and Oscar in The Odd Couple.
He has also appeared in numerous commercials, including IHOP Restaurants, Maxwell House Coffee, Coors Light, John Deere and GE.

## Early life

Hart was raised primarily by his mother, Jeanette Lassiter Anderson, in Panama City, Florida. He attended local schools. His father, Lloyd Hart Jr., encouraged him to attend Chipola Jr. College (now Chipola College) after seeing him perform in You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown, produced at Rutherford High School in Panama City. Hart was given an acting scholarship to go to the college in Marianna, Florida.

## Personal life and family

Hart is married to Anne Tabor. Hart has three children from a previous marriage, one of whom is author, actress, comedian, and YouTuber Mamrie Hart.

## Musical career

Hart recorded the song "Let It Snow" for the 1991 In the Heat of the Night Christmas CD Christmas Time's A Comin'. He was joined on the recording by A-Team Nashville studio pianist Hargus "Pig" Robbins. The song was produced by co-stars Randall Franks and Alan Autry.

## Filmography
### Television

* The Practice – "Black Widows" (2000) as Detective Cranston
* Party of Five – "Tender Age" (1998) as Carlin
* Before Women Had Wings – (1997) as the sheriff
* Picket Fences – "To Forgive is Divine" (1996) as Dan Patterson
* A Father for Charlie – (1995) as Woodrow
* In the Heat of the Night (1988-1995) as Officer and Sergeant Parker Williams
* Aaron's Way – "Patches of Light" (1988) as Travis

### Films

* Forgiven: The Legend of Jake Kincaid (2002) as Sheriff Bob Logan
* Before Women Had Wings (1999) as Sheriff
* Standoff (1998) as Agent Blond
* Land of the Free (1997) as Byrd
* To the Limit (1995) as Bodyguard
* A Father for Charlie (1995) as Woodrow
* Three Wishes (1995) as Brian's Father
* The Real McCoy (1993) as Business Man
* In the Line of Duty (1991)
* Disorganized Crime (1989) as Proprietor
* The House on Carroll Street (1988) as Stage Manager
* War Party (1988) as Rookie Cop
* Pat Hobby Teamed with Genius (1987)
* Legal Eagles (1986) as Marchek
* Silver Bullet (1985) as Pete Sylvester
* Fandango (1985) as Cecil
* The River (1984) as Harley
* The Island (1980) as Attendant
# Hugh Belsey

Hugh Graham Belsey, MBE, (born May 1954) is a British art historian who is an authority on the art of Thomas Gainsborough. For 23 years he was the curator of Gainsborough's House in Sudbury. His most recent contribution to Gainsborough scholarship is his catalogue raisonné of Gainsborough's portraits published in February 2019 by the Yale University Press for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art.

## Early life and education

Hugh Belsey was born in May 1954 in the district of Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Manchester which he followed with a post-graduate diploma in art gallery and museum studies. He earned an MLitt in fine arts from the Barber Institute, University of Birmingham, where he specialised in the Grand Tour and the collecting of George, 3rd Earl Cowper.

## Career

Belsey worked at Bowood House in Wiltshire after which he became curator of Gainsborough's House in Sudbury, a position he held for 23 years. He has been a senior research fellow at the Yale Center for British Art during which time he worked upon compiling the catalogue raisonné of the portraits by Thomas Gainsborough published in February 2019. He has also taught a museum course at the University of Buckingham and is known also for his annual lecture series on British art which he delivers in different Suffolk venues. He is often commissioned to write catalogue entries for the major auction houses and fine art dealers on especially Thomas Gainsborough, and the artist's nephew and only pupil Gainsborough Dupont.
Belsey was a founder member of the Constable Trust, and has served as its chairman. He was on the Council of the Association of Independent Museums for ten years.
In 2014, Belsey appeared in the BBC television series Fake or Fortune? in which he authenticated two previously unattributed works, a landscape and a portrait of Joseph Gape, as being by Thomas Gainsborough.

## Selected publications

* Gainsborough's family. Gainsborough's House Society, 1988.
* Gainsborough the printmaker. Aldeburgh Foundation, 1988.
* From Gainsborough to Constable: The emergence of naturalism in British landscape painting, 1750–1810. Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1991. (Editor) ISBN 978-0851153001
* Thomas Churchyard (1798–1865): A bicentenary exhibition from the collections at Christchurch Mansion. Ipswich Borough Council, Ipswich, 1998. ISBN 978-0906688274
* Gainsborough's beautiful Mrs. Graham. National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh, 1999. ISBN 978-1903278383
* Love's prospect: Gainsborough's Byam family and the eighteenth century marriage portrait. Holburne Museum of Art, Bath, 2001.
* Gainsborough at Gainsborough's house. Paul Holberton, London, 2002. ISBN 978-1903470060
* Gainsborough Pop! Paul Holberton, London, 2002. (With Christopher Wright) ISBN 978-1903470084
* Thomas Gainsborough: A country life. Prestel, Munich & London. 2002. ISBN 978-3791327846
* Gainsborough's cottage doors: An insight into the artist's last decade. Paul Holberton, London, 2013. ISBN 9781907372506
# Rudy Kraft

Rudy Kraft III is a game designer who has worked primarily on role-playing games.

## Career

Steve Perrin and Rudy Kraft designed the RuneQuest (1978) mythical fantasy roleplaying game, which was set in the world of Glorantha that Greg Stafford had created, and published by Chaosium.$^{:398}$ Judges Guild obtained a license for RuneQuest and their first publication in the line was the adventure Broken Tree Inn (1979) by Kraft, which included material cut from Snake Pipe Hollow (1979) before Chaosium published that adventure, although Judges Guild removed all references to Glorantha before publication.$^{:68}$ Kraft and Jennell Jaquays' wrote Adventures Beyond the Pass originally for Judges Guild, who never published it, so Greg Stafford instead published it through Chaosium as Griffin Mountain (1981).$^{:68}$ Kraft also contributed to Thieves' World (1981) from Chaosium.$^{:85}$ Kraft was one of the contributors to Citybook II: Port O' Call (1984) by Flying Buffalo.$^{:38}$
# Noelani

Noelani is a Hawaiian female given name, meaning "heavenly mist". People with the given name Noelani include:
* Noelani Arista, Hawaiian and American historian
* Noelani Goodyear-Ka'opua, Kanaka Maoli scholar and educator
* Noelani Pantastico (born 1980) is a Hawaiian-born ballet dancer
# Playing in the Band, Seattle, Washington, 5/21/74

Playing in the Band, Seattle, Washington, 5/21/74 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on May 21, 1974 at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle. It was released as a vinyl LP in a limited edition of 7,400 copies on November 23, 2018, as part of Record Store Day Black Friday.
The album contains only one song, "Playing in the Band". At 46 minutes in length, it is the longest continuous Grateful Dead song ever recorded. This recording was previously released earlier in 2018 as part of the albums Pacific Northwest '73–'74: The Complete Recordings and Pacific Northwest '73–'74: Believe It If You Need It. As featured on the album cover, the show utilized the band's Wall of Sound concert sound system.
Playing in the Band is the second Grateful Dead LP that contains only one song and that was produced for Record Store Day. The first was Dark Star, which was recorded in 1972 and released in 2012.

## Track listing

Side A
* "Playing in the Band" (Bob Weir, Mickey Hart, Robert Hunter) – 21:40
Side B
* "Playing in the Band", continued (Weir, Hart, Hunter) – 24:44

## Personnel

Grateful Dead
* Jerry Garcia – guitar, vocals
* Donna Jean Godchaux – vocals
* Keith Godchaux – keyboards
* Bill Kreutzmann – drums
* Phil Lesh – bass, vocals
* Bob Weir – guitar, vocals
Production
* Produced by Grateful Dead
* Produced for release by David Lemieux
* Mastering: Jeffrey Norman
* Recording: Kidd Candelario
* Tape restoration: Jamie Howarth, John Chester
* Lacquers: Chris Bellman
* Art direction, design: Lisa Glines
# Büttel

Büttel is a municipality in the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
# Metzneria aprilella

Metzneria aprilella, the brilliant neb, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is widely distributed throughout Europe. Outside of Europe, it is found in Turkey, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran and southern Siberia. The habitat consists of waste ground and grassland.
The wingspan is 13–18 mm. Adults are on wing from May to August.
The larvae feed on Centaurea scabiosa and Centaurea solstitialis. They feed on the seeds from within the seedhead.