OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Johann Fischer

Johann Fischer may refer to:

## Entertainment

* Johann Georg Fischer (painter) (1580–1643), German historical painter
* Johann Fischer (theologian) (1636-1705), German Lutheran theologian
* Johann Fischer (composer) (1646–1716), German violinist, pianist, and composer of the Baroque era
* Johann Caspar Ferdinand Fischer (1656–1746), German Baroque composer
* Johann Christian Fischer (1733–1800), German composer and oboist
* Johann Ignaz Ludwig Fischer (c. 1745–1825), German opera singer
* Johann Georg Fischer (1816–1897), German poet and playwright

## Science

* Johann Bernhard Fischer (1685–1772), German doctor, medical adviser to Empress Anna
* Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771–1853), German anatomist, entomologist, and paleontologist
* Johann Conrad Fischer (1773–1854), Swiss metallurgist
* Johann Nepomuk Fischer (1777–1847), Austrian ophthalmologist
* Johann Baptist Fischer (1803–1832), German naturalist, zoologist, and botanist
* Johann Gustav Fischer (1819–1889), German herpetologist

## Other

* Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (1656–1723), Austrian architect, sculptor, and architectural historian
* Johann Michael Fischer (1692–1766), German architect in the late Baroque period
* Johann Erhard Fischer (1817–1884), German Lutheran pastor
# Mangum

Mangum may refer to:
* Mangum (surname)
* Mangum, Oklahoma
* Mangum Mound Site
# Lizards (game)

Lizards (or Lizards!) is a closed-end, computer moderated, play-by-mail role-playing wargame.

## History and development

Lizards was designed by Jonathan Bean, and published in Australia by Roma. It was also published by Circle in New Zealand and Madhouse in the United Kingdom, and Guerilleros Associes in France as of 1996. Flying Buffalo, Inc. published the game in the United States. This low-complexity game was closed-ended and computer moderated. The game's rulebook was high-quality with a color cover—unusual for a PBM game. It had humor woven throughout. In 2001, The Ninth Legion in the UK was publishing the game.

## Gameplay

Lizards is a wargame involving fighting clans of lizards. Players led individual clans. 16 total players vied for victory on a 32×32 hex map. Besides other players, the setting contained various living and nonliving lethal threats to players, from sea monsters to volcanoes. Five types of lizards were available for players: (1) red lizards, or troops, (2) green lizards, or farmers, (3) black lizards, or spellcasters, (4) grey lizards, or builders, and (5) spies, which could be any color.

## Reception

A commentator in 1996 found the game entertaining but suffered from slow clan movement rates. A reviewer in a 1996 issue of Flagship said it was "A good game", although he thought the gameplay was simple, which could appeal to some players.
# Mário Correia

Mário “Marito” Correia (born March 17, 1978, in Praia, Cape Verde) is a Cape Verdean professional basketball player. He played for Primeiro de Agosto at the Angolan Basketball League until 2014, before being struck by injury. Correia’s early introduction to basketball started in the District Sports Association Kwame Nkrumah abbreviated to ADESBA-KN. Correia is currently the captain of the Cape Verde national basketball team and helped Cape Verde to a bronze medal at the FIBA Africa Championship 2007, qualifying for a wildcard tournament for the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## Collegiate career

Correia attended and played basketball with then-Division II Bryant University from 2002 to 2005. After the 2004–05 season, Correia was named All-Northeast 10 Conference third team after a successful season in which he averaged 13.5 PPG for the Bulldogs. Mario also played the 2001–2002 season at Massasoit Community College where he was named All-New England.

## Professional career

After graduating from Bryant, Correia signed with Maia Basket of the Portuguese Proliga.

## International career

Correia played his first international game at The FIBA Africa Championship 1997 in Dakar, Senegal. Today Correia is captain of the Cape Verde national basketball team. At the FIBA Africa Championship 2007, he averaged 11.3 PPG and 3.8 RPG to help the Cape Verdeans to a surprise bronze medal. Although the team struggled to a 13th place in the 2009 FIBA Africa Championship, Correia turned in another solid performance, averaging 15.2 PPG, 3.6 RPG, and 2.4 APG over five games.
# History of Łasin

The history of Łasin dates back to the Neolithic period (2500-1700 B.C.), where evidence of the first humans in the area is found. 1014 is the first year a town called "Łasin" was mentioned in historical sources.

## Timeline

1014 - The first historical information about the existence of a settlement called Lasin
1298 - town rights under the Magdeburg Law
1306 - municipal rights Chelmno law
1455 - branches of the Teutonic Knights of Kwidzyn and Łasin invaded Grudziądz and burned its suburbs, and granaries.
1461 - Lasin returned to the Polish state
July 16, 1526 - Sigismund I the Old confirmed the privileges granted to the town in the days of the Teutonic Knights
1628 - the town was burned by the Swedes
1719 - the great fire in the town
1772 - due to the First Partition of Poland Łasin was attached to Prussia
1833 - loss of civic rights
1860 - recovery of civic rights
1886 - the railway line linking Łasin with Gardeja was built
1892 - demolished town walls
1900 - Town Hall was built
1920 - Łasin return to the Second Polish Republic
September 1, 1939, about 11 A.M. - the town was occupied by Wehrmacht
January 26, 1945 - the town was captured by the Red Army
* This Polish history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Manuel Vicente Romerogarcía

Manuel Vicente Romerogarcía (Venezuela, 1861 - Aracataca, Colombia, August 22, 1917), was a Venezuelan writer, telegrapher and politician best known for his novel Peonía (1890).
# Crotonia

Crotonia or Crotonia may refer to:
* Crotonia, a genus of mite
* Crotonia, a literary society
# Matsuoka Hisashi

Matsuoka Hisashi (松岡 寿, 5 March 1862, Okayama Prefecture – 28 April 1944, Tokyo) was a Japanese painter in the yōga style.

## Life and work

His father was a member of the samurai class. In 1872, his family moved to Tokyo. At the age of barely ten, he was already creating Western-style paintings. In 1876, he was enrolled at the new Technical Fine Arts School ((now the Tokyo Institute of Technology), operated by the Ministry of Industry, where he studied for two years under the Italian artist, Antonio Fontanesi. When Fontanesi returned to Italy in 1878, he and several other students including Asai Chū, were unhappy with his replacement and left the school to create their own group, the "Association of the Eleventh" (十一次会), so called because that was the eleventh year of the Meiji era. It was Japan's first modern art association.
In 1880, he went to Italy to continue his education. He initially worked with Cesare Maccari then, in 1881, entered a free school associated with the Accademia di Belle Arti di Roma. Two years later, he was granted admission to the school itself. He graduated there in 1887. Before returning to Japan, he spent some time in Paris.
Once there, he and his old associate, Asai Chū (and others) established the Meiji Art Association [ja]). After that, he devoted himself almost exclusively to training young artists; teaching at several institutions, including the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, the Faculty of Architecture at Tokyo University as well as at the Meiji Association school.
In 1921, he was named President of the Tokyo Art School [ja], the precursor to the Tokyo University of the Arts. He also served as a juror at several state exhibitions, notably the Ministry of Education Exhibition [ja]. After 1935, he turned to creating large scale historical paintings.

## Sources

* Japan Foundation: "Matsuoka". In: Japanische Malerei im westlichen Stil [de] (exhibition catalog), Museum für Ostasiatische Kunst, Cologne, 1985.
* Tazawa, Yutaka: "Matsuoka Hisashi". In: Biographical Dictionary of Japanese Art. Kodansha International, 1981. ISBN 0-87011-488-3.
* Laurance P. Roberts: "Matsuoka Hisashi". In: A Dictionary of Japanese Artists. Weatherhill, 1976. ISBN 0-8348-0113-2.
# James Stack

James Stack may refer to:
* James S. Stack (1852–1920), American judge, hotel owner, and politician
* James Stack (missionary) (1801–1883), Wesleyan Methodist missionary in New Zealand
* James West Stack (1835–1919), New Zealand missionary, clergyman, writer and interpreter
# King's Gambit, Falkbeer Countergambit

The Falkbeer Countergambit is a chess opening that begins:
    1. e4 e5
    2. f4 d5
In this aggressive countergambit, Black disdains the pawn offered as a sacrifice, instead opening the centre to exploit White's weakness on the kingside. After the standard capture, 3.exd5, Black may reply with 3...exf4, transposing into the King's Gambit Accepted, 3...e4, or the more modern 3...c6.
A well-known blunder in this opening is White's reply 3.fxe5??, which after 3...Qh4+, either loses material after 4.g3 Qxe4+, forking the king and rook, or severely exposes the white king to the black pieces after 4.Ke2 Qxe4+ 5.Kf2 Bc5+.
The opening bears the name of Austrian master Ernst Falkbeer who played it in an 1851 game against Adolf Anderssen. The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings codes for the Falkbeer Countergambit are C31 and C32.

## Old Main line: 3...e4

In this variation, Black's compensation for the sacrificed pawn primarily consists of his lead in development, coupled with the exposure of White's king. A typical line may run: 4.d3 Nf6 5.dxe4 Nxe4 6.Nf3 Bc5, where Black aims for the weakness on f2. In Maehrisch-Ostrau 1923, a game between Rudolf Spielmann and Siegbert Tarrasch continued: 7.Qe2 Bf5 (this was condemned by the Handbuch des Schachspiels because of White's next, though Black had already gotten into difficulties in the game Réti–Breyer, Budapest 1917, where 7...f5 8.Nfd2 Bf2+ 9.Kd1 Qxd5 10.Nc3 was played) 8.g4?! (in retrospect, prudent was 8.Nc3) 8...0-0! 9.gxf5 Re8 and Black has a tremendous position, as he is bound to regain material and White's positional deficiencies will remain.
This line fell out of favour after World War II, as Black encountered difficulties, with players eventually turning to the next idea.

## Nimzowitsch Variation: 3...c6

This has become the most commonly played move after 3.exd5, with its most notable advocate being John Nunn. It is usually attributed to Aron Nimzowitsch, who successfully played it in Spielmann–Nimzowitsch, Munich 1906. Frank Marshall actually introduced the move to master play, however, at Ostend 1905, defeating Richard Teichmann in 34 moves. Annotating that game in his 1914 book Marshall's Chess "Swindles", Marshall described his 3...c6 as "An innovation."
Although Black won both of those games, 3...c6 languished in obscurity for many years thereafter. White can respond with 4.Qe2, despite the drastic defeat inflicted on the young Alexander Alekhine by Paul Johner at Carlsbad 1911, although 4.Nc3 exf4 is much more common. The resulting positions are analogous to the Modern Defence of the King's Gambit Accepted, in which White strives to utilise his 4–2 queenside pawn majority, with Black relying on his piece activity and cramping pawn at f4 to play against White's king. Theory has not reached a definitive verdict, but the resulting positions are believed to offer Black more chances than 3...e4.
# Peter Harboe Castberg (banker)

Peter Harboe Castberg (2 October 1844 – 18 November 1926) was a Norwegian banker.

## Personal life

He was born in Larvik, Norway. His father, physician Tycho Fredrik Edvard Castberg, was the oldest living son of Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg. As such Peter Harboe Castberg was the nephew of Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg and first cousin of Johan and Torgrim Castberg. In addition, Peter Harboe Castberg had one younger brother, the sculptor Oscar Ambrosius Castberg.
Peter Harboe Castberg married the English citizen Nina Benham in 1886. They had two sons, of whom one died young and one died in World War I, and one daughter.

## Career

Peter Harboe Castberg enrolled as a law student in 1862, but as he was later hired as a stenographer in the Norwegian Parliament, he quit the studies. He worked as a stenographer from 1865 to 1867, and then embarked on a business career. He was hired in the company Ths. Johs. Heftye & Søn, but founded his own firm of agents Castberg & Michelet in 1875 together with Joh. Chr. Aug. Michelet. Already in 1879 he left the company to become director of the bank Stavanger Privatbank. After two years as a bookkeeper in Christiania Sparebank, he became the director of Christiania Bank og Kreditkasse. Serving as director from 1886 to 1919, he is credited with building up the bank as one of the leading banks in Norway.
Parallel to his business career, Castberg conducted military and economic studies on his own. He became known for the paper Vil Ofoten-Luleåbanen blive af nogen særegen Betydning for de forenede Rigers militære Forhold? in 1885. In 1902 he published Ældre og nyere Udtalelser vedrørende Sveriges faste Forsvar. Both works pertained to the possible military tensions between Sweden and Norway, who were in a personal union at the time, the first work causing a greater interest in the northern part of the border. The question on the presence fortresses on the Norwegian-Swedish border would become a hot topic at the dissolution of the union in 1905, specifically in the Convention of Karlstad. In 1906 Castberg published Production: en Studie, a monography in economy. Already the next year it was published in English as Production: A Study in Economics.
Peter Harboe Castberg died in 1926 in London.

## References and notes

* Banks portal

### References

* 1 2 "Castberg, Peter Harboe". Store norske leksikon. Kunnskapsforlaget. 2007.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Slekten Castberg gjennem 300 år Archived 2011-07-25 at the Wayback Machine, by A. St. Castberg.
* ↑ Entry at BIBSYS
* ↑ Entry at BIBSYS
* ↑ "Review: Production: A Study in Economics by P. H. Castberg". Literary Supplement to the Spectator. 100: 1007. June 27, 1908.

### Notes

* ↑ Quote: (...) bygde banken opp til å bli en av landets ledende forretningsbanker.
# Midam

Michel Ledent (born 16 May 1963), known by the pseudonym Midam, is a Belgian comics author, best known for Kid Paddle.

## Biography

Michel Ledent was born in Etterbeek near Brussels in 1963. He studied illustration and interior decoration at the Institut Saint-Luc in Brussels, and started creating comics in 1989 for the computer magazine Micro-Systèmes. Under the pseudonym Midam, he joined Spirou magazine in 1992 as an illustrator for the videogames section.
The character he created there, Kid Paddle, soon got its own series, which became very popular, with over 4 million copies sold in French. New albums sell some 400,000 copies in French alone, making it one of the top ten best-selling French language comics series. In 2002, a separate Kid Paddle magazine was launched, and an animated TV series was created as well, with so far 104 episodes. The spin-off series Game Over was created in 2004, presenting the misadventures of the main character of the video games Kid Paddle is fond of playing in his own albums. The comic is wordless and is according to Midam inspired by the everfailing quests of Wile E. Coyote. The first album sold 60,000 copies.
Other series by Midam were Le Gowap, which was continued by Curd Ridel, and Durant les Travaux, l'Exposition Continue with Clarke.
Midam is married to Chilean Araceli Cancino, who translates his works into Spanish.
# Massereene Barracks

Massereene Barracks is a former military installation in Antrim, Northern Ireland.

## History

The site was acquired from Clotworthy Skeffington, 11th Viscount Massereene for a shooting range in 1893. In 1942, during the Second World War, the Admiralty commissioned a torpedo factory there such that Mark 8 torpedoes could be manufactured in the factory and then tested on Lough Neagh. After the War the site became the Royal Naval Armaments Depot Antrim. 33 Independent Field Squadron Royal Engineers arrived at the barracks in July 1974 and, after 33 Independent Field Squadron was absorbed into 25 Regiment Royal Engineers, that regiment took over the barracks in 1992.
The site was subsequently handed over to the Royal Marines and, from 1993, it was used as a base for the Royal Marine vessels Grey Wolf and Grey Fox which were deployed in counter terrorism and police operations on Lough Neagh and inshore waterways in Northern Ireland; the barracks were the subject of considerable further development in 1998.
The site then passed to the British Army and became the home of 38 Engineer Regiment in July 2008. On 7 March 2009, two off-duty British soldiers of the regiment were shot dead outside the barracks. Two other soldiers and two civilian delivery men were also shot and wounded during the mass shooting. A dissident Irish republican paramilitary group, the Real IRA, claimed responsibility. After 38 Engineer Regiment moved to RAF Aldergrove in 2010, the barracks were demolished and the site sold to Randox Laboratories in December 2013 for use as a science park.
# Neerijnen

Neerijnen (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a village and former municipality in the Netherlands. It is about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Utrecht and some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of 's-Hertogenbosch.
On 1 January 2019, it merged with Geldermalsen and Lingewaal to form the new municipality of West Betuwe.

## History

It was first mentioned in 996 as in Ine. The etymology in unclear. It is neer (lower) in comparison with Opijnen (upper). The village developed as an esdorp perpendicular to the dike of the Waal.
Neerijnen Castle was built around 1350 and formed a single estate with Waardenburg Castle. In 1574, it was under siege by William the Silent and mainly destroyed. The castle was rebuilt in 1627. In 1980, it served as town hall. In 2019, Neerijnen merged into West Betuwe, and the castle was put up for sale.
In 1840, it was home to 294 people. The Dutch Reformed Church was built in 1865.

## Former population centres

* Est
* Haaften
* Heesselt
* Hellouw
* Neerijnen
* Ophemert
* Opijnen
* Tuil
* Varik
* Waardenburg

### Topography

Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Neerijnen, June 2015

## Gallery

* House in Neerijnen
* Farm with haystack
* Restaurant on the dike
# Pilot (British magazine)

Pilot is a monthly general aviation magazine based in the United Kingdom. It is "Britain's best selling GA magazine" and the only one still in print.

## History and profile

Pilot was launched in 1966. The former publisher was Lernhurst Publications Limited. The magazine is a part of Archant Specialist, from Archant. The headquarters is in Norwich.
The editor since 2011 is Philip Whiteman, who was deputy editor under James Gilbert, who served as editor and publisher before the magazine was acquired by Archant. Philip owns and operates a Piper Cub.
The magazine also operates PilotWeb, on which there is news, overviews of the magazine, forums and information for beginners in aviation.
In February 2022, Pilot was sold to Kelsey Media.

## Content

The magazine typically contains a news section, a number of flight tests and buyers guides, a section detailing what is involved in various flying activities, an 'adventure flying' section, an engineering section, and a historic aircraft news section. It is also the only UK GA magazine to include content on rotary-wing aircraft in every edition.

## Sources

* ↑ Pilot Web - About us
* 1 2 3 "Aviation Magazines". Aircraft International. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
* ↑ Archant Specialist
* ↑ "Pilot magazine acquires Today's Pilot" (PDF). Key Publishing. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
* ↑ Pilot Web - About us - The Team
* ↑ PilotWeb (see Reviews, Forums Archived 2008-02-01 at the Wayback Machine and Getting Started)
* ↑ Archant sells off specialist titles as private equity owner gears up for sale Press Gazette 10 February 2022
* ↑ Archant sells seven titles amid talks over publishers future Hold the Front Page 10 February 2022
* ↑ See edition overviews from December 2007 and February 2008 Every year, for over 25 years, Pilot has produced the Where to Fly Guide which is the UK's definitive guide to general aviation flying. It covers learning to fly, training for commercial flight, licences, additional ratings as well as rotary-wing training, gliding, and the like. It also contains a comprehensive list of flight schools and clubs through the UK and overseas. It goes on sale with a designated edition of Pilot magazine and is also available to read for free online.
# New Jobs tax credit

The New Jobs tax credit was a tax credit policy created as part of the 1977 stimulus package enacted by the Carter administration and was in effect through 1978. The tax credit acted as a form of wage subsidy by granting employers a tax credit for making new hires. In 1979, the credit was not renewed and it was ultimately perceived as a failure due to poor execution and lack of exposure.
As written in the Tax Reduction and Simplification Act of 1977, the tax credit offered fifty percent of the first $4,200 in wages per employee for increases in employment of at least two percent over the previous year.
In early 2010, there was renewed interest in duplicating the original 1977 tax credit in legislation proposed by Barack Obama. The proposed tax credit was renamed and included in the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act.
# Mount Rigel

Mount Rigel is the highest peak of Orion Massif, Rymill Coast, Palmer Land, Antarctica, with an elevation of 1,910 m (6,270 ft). It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey using U.S. Navy aerial photographs taken between 1966 and 1969 and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1976 after the star Rigel in the constellation Orion.
This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Rigel". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.  70°24′S 66°52′W﻿ / ﻿70.400°S 66.867°W﻿ / -70.400; -66.867
* This Palmer Land location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Hietzing station

Hietzing (German pronunciation: ) is a station on U4 of the Vienna U-Bahn. It is located beside the canalised Vienna River, on the border of the Viennese districts Hietzing and Penzing, and at the north-western corner of the grounds of the Schönbrunn Palace. It opened as part of the Wiener Stadtbahn in 1898 and became an U-Bahn station in 1981.
The entrance to the station is at the western end of the platforms, on a bridge crossing the U4 line and the Vienna River. The station is integrated with an interchange that also hosts stops for lines 10 and 60 of the Vienna tramway, and bus routes 51A, 56A, 56B, 58A and 58B.
At the eastern end of the station platforms, the track is straddled by a pavilion that was designed by Otto Wagner, who was responsible the artistic design of the Stadtbahn. The pavilion was intended as a private entrance to the Stadtbahn for the use of the Emperor Franz Joseph, although it was only used by him on two occasions. The pavilion was given a distinctive exterior and an Art Nouveau interior for its intended use. The pavilion, known as the Hofpavillon, is no longer connected to the station platforms, but is open to visitors as one of the sites of the Vienna Museum.
* The station entrance
* The station building and bridge
* The Vienna River beside the station
* The Hofpavillon
# Leonhardstein

Leonhardstein is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany, near Kreuth.
# Mario Lanza: The American Caruso

Mario Lanza: The American Caruso is a 90-minute 1983 PBS documentary, narrated and hosted by Plácido Domingo. It explores the life of tenor Mario Lanza, and includes clips from six of the tenor's eight films, together with interviews with such Lanza associates and contemporaries as Anna Moffo, Kathryn Grayson, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Joe Pasternak, and Dorothy Kirsten, Frances Yeend, and the conductor Peter Herman Adler. The film also includes interviews and remembrances from Lanza's mother and all four of his children. Production credits as follows: written by Stephen Chodorov, director John Musilli, writer and producer JoAnn Young.
The documentary film was nominated for a Primetime Emmy in 1983 as Outstanding Informational Special.