OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peter Way

Peter Way (born 1957) is a Canadian historian of America and the Atlantic world.

## Life

Born in Belleville, Ontario, he graduated from Trent University in 1981, Queen's University with an M.A. in 1983, and University of Maryland, College Park with a Ph.D., in 1991.
Dr. Way taught at the University of Sussex from 1989 to 2001, and Bowling Green State University, while Department Chair, from 2001 to 2006. He then chaired the History Department at the University of Windsor from 2006 to 2011, where he now teaches.

## Awards

* 1994 Frederick Jackson Turner Award, for Common Labour: Workers and the Digging of North American Canals, 1760–1860
* 1994 Philip Taft Labor History Book Award for Common Labour by the School of Industrial and Labor Relations at Cornell University.
* 1994 Binkley-Stephenson Award by the Organization of American Historians for “Evil Humors and Ardent Spirits: The Rough Culture of Canal Construction Laborers,” Journal of American History (March 1993).
* 2001 Harold L. Peterson Award awarded by Eastern National for the best article on American military history given to “Rebellion of the Regulars: Working Soldiers and the Mutiny of 1763-1764,” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser., vol. 57, no. 4 (Oct. 2000), 761-92.
* 2007 Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Dean’s Special Recognition Award for Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity (co-winner), University of Windsor.
* 2013 Established Scholar Excellence in Research, Scholarship and Creative Activity Award, University of Windsor.

## Works

* "Soldiers of Misfortune: New England Regulars and the Fall of Oswego, 1755–1756", Massachusetts Historical Review, Vol. 3, 2001
* Peter Way (1993). Common labour: workers and the digging of North American canals, 1780-1860. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44033-2.
* Martin Daunton; Rick Halpern, eds. (February 1, 1999). "The Cutting Edge of Culture: British Soldiers Encounter Native Americans in the French and Indian War". Empire and Others: British Encounters with Indigenous Peoples, 1600-1850. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-1699-8.

### Criticism

* "Reviews of Books: The Dominion of War: Empire and Liberty in North America, 1500–2000", The William and Mary Quarterly, April 2006
* "Review: Through So Many Dangers: The Memoirs and Adventures of Robert Kirk, Late of the Royal Highland Regiment", The Canadian Historical Review, Volume 87, Number 3, September 2006

### Current research

Making War: Common Soldiers and the Forging of Britain’s Atlantic Empire in the Seven Years' War. This study treats soldiers as laborers and the professional army of the time as an essential component to the fiscal-military state that protected merchant capital in the imperial environment. The book examines the British state, empire and army in the 18th century, casting warfare in economic terms as an instrument of the primitive accumulation of capital. The book is contracted to University of Pennsylvania Press.
# Jan Mittlöhner

Jan Mittlöhner (1902–?) was a Czechoslovak soldier and skier. He competed in military ski patrol at the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix, where the Czechoslovak team placed fourth.
# Maratus australis

Maratus australis is a species of the peacock spider genus, characterised by its distinctive courtship display.
# Mu'aqqir

Mu'aqqir (Arabic: معقر) or Amr Ibn Aws b. Himar al-Bariqi (died 580 CE), a knight and the leader of the Bariq tribe which was in Bariq Of Azd Yemen and was famous for its glory, He is considered one of the greatest writers of Arabic poetry in pre-Islamic (Jahiliyyah) times.

## Lineage

Amr b. al-Harith b. Aws b. Himar b. Hjna b. Mazen b. Thailbh b. Kinanah al-Bariqi ibn bariq Ibn Uday Ibn Haritha Ibn Amr Mazikiee Ibn Aamr bin Haritha Algtarif bin Imru al-Qais Thailb bin Mazen Ibn Al-Azd Ibn Al-Ghoth Ibn Nabit Ibn Malik bin Zaid Ibn Kahlan Ibn Saba'a ( Sheba ) Ibn Yashjub Ibn Yarab Ibn Qahtan Ibn Hud (prophet) (Eber).
# Jan van Boendale

Jan van Boendale (c.1280 – c.1351), formerly sometimes known as Jan De Klerk ("Jan the Clerk") was a 14th-century secretary of the city of Antwerp and author of narrative and didactic verse. Two of his works, Brabantsche yeesten and Der leken spieghel, are listed in the Canon of Dutch Literature compiled by the Digital Library for Dutch Literature.

## Life

Jan was born in Boendale, near Tervuren, around 1280. He moved to Antwerp, where he became secretary to the city council, and lived there until his death around 1351. He undertook a number of diplomatic missions on behalf of the city of Antwerp or of the States of Brabant, and in 1332 was present in the entourage of John III, Duke of Brabant, at Heylissem.

## Works

* Brabantsche yeesten (a history of the duchy of Brabant)
* Der leken spieghel (a history of salvation)
* Jans Testeye (a dialogue on controverted questions in philosophy and law)
* Van den derden Eduwaert (an account of Edward III of England's arrival in the Low Countries and his Tournaisis campaign of 1340)
* Die dietsche doctrinale (a didactic poem in three books)
# Jan van Borssum Buisman

Jan Hendrik van Borssum Buisman (1919, Haarlem – 23 February 2012, Haarlem), was a 20th-century painter from the Netherlands.

## Biography

According to the RKD he was the son of Hendrik van Borssum Buisman. He was born in the Fundatiehuis while his father was curator at the Teylers Museum. He was a secret agent working on the "Zwitserse weg" during World War II and was decorated with the Ridder in de Orde van Oranje-Nassau, the Verzetsherdenkingkruis, and the Croix du combattant volontaire de la Résistance. His brother Garrelt was awarded the Military William Order. After the war he served as a member of the staff for Prins Bernhard in 1945-1946, and then moved back to Haarlem where he became a member of the Haarlem painters club Kunst zij ons doel, and in 1951, a member of De Groep. In 1952 he became kastelein at the Teylers Museum, like his father had been. He lived in the Fundatiehuis until he retired, when he moved to an adjoining house. He kept his workshop in the former astronomical laboratory in the garden, and in 1972 he became adjunct-curator of the art collection.
# James W. Cherry

James William Cherry (April 5, 1872 – March 23, 1949) was a justice of the Utah Supreme Court from 1923 to 1933, and was chief justice from 1929 to 1933.

## Early life, education, and career

Born on a farm in Tioga, Hancock County, Illinois, Cherry studied law in Kansas under the supervision of his father, who was a lawyer and a judge. and then moved to Utah with his parents in 1892. He gained admission to the bar in Utah in 1893, and moved to Sanpete County, Utah, in 1895, where he entered the practice of law. In 1912, he was elected District Attorney of the Seventh Judicial District. During World War I, he chaired the Sanpete County Council of Defense and was "prominent in the war activities", his eldest son being a volunteer serving in France.

## Judicial service and later life

Cherry was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat on the Utah Supreme Court in 1918. In 1922, however, he was elected to the court, taking office in 1923 and serving for ten years, until declining health forced him to resign.
In 1936, Cherry moved to Phoenix, Arizona, though on a 1938 visit to Salt Lake City, he indicated that he was pleased that Franklin D. Roosevelt's court-packing plan had been defeated. He moved to Chandler, Arizona in 1940, and then to Mesa, Arizona in 1942.

## Personal life and death

In 1898, Cherry married Louise Keller of Manti, Utah, with whom he had three sons and three daughters.
He was a Freemason. He became a member of Damascus Lodge No. 10 of the Free and Accepted Masons of Utah in March, 1906. He served as Master of that Lodge during the year 1909. In 1910, he was appointed as the Junior Grand Steward of the Grand Lodge of Utah. He was elected as Junior Grand Warden in 1911, Senior Grand Warden in 1912, Deputy Grand Master in 1913, and Grand Master on 21 January 1914. He became a member of the Scottish Rite in 1918 and of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Mystic Shrine in 1923.
Cherry died in his home in Mesa at the age of 76, from a heart ailment, following an asthmatic attack.
# Mu1 Octantis

Mu$^1$ Octantis, Latinized from μ$^1$ Octantis, is a solitary star in the southern circumpolar constellation Octans. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.98, allowing it to be faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions. Located 335 light years away, it is approaching the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −36 km/s.
This object is an F-type star with the blended luminosity class of a giant star and a bright giant. At present it has 1.36 times the mass of the Sun but has expanded to 4.68 times its girth. It radiates at 34.3 L$_☉$ from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,521 K, giving it a yellow white glow. Mu$^1$ Octantis is metal enriched and has an age of 900 million years.
# Marcel Urlings

Lieutenant-general Marcel Urlings (born 4 July 1950) is a former Dutch military officer who served as Commander of the Royal Netherlands Army between 2002 and 2005.
# Journal of Communication Management

The Journal of Communication Management is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering public relations and published by Emerald Group Publishing. It was established in 1996. The journal is abstracted and indexed in PsycINFO and Scopus. It is a partner of the European Public Relations Education and Research Association and is the preferred publishing partner of the Chartered Institute of Public Relations. The editor-in-chief since 2016 is Jesper Falkheimer (Lund University), taking over from Anne Gregory (Leeds Metropolitan University).
# Journal of Common Market Studies

The JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the politics and economics of European integration, focusing principally on developments within the European Union, European politics more broadly and comparative regionalism (politics). It was established in 1962 and is published by John Wiley & Sons on behalf of UACES (the Academic Association for Contemporary European Studies). The editors-in-chief are Toni Haastrup (University of Stirling) and Richard Whitman (University of Kent) and the co-editors are Heather MacRae (York University), Annick Masselot (University of Canterbury), Mills Soko (University of Witwatersrand) and Alasdair R. Young (Georgia Institute of Technology).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* ABI/INFORM
* CAB Abstracts
* CSA Biological Sciences Database
* CSA Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Database
* Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences
* EconLit
* International Bibliography of the Social Sciences
* InfoTrac
* International Political Science Abstracts
* Research Papers in Economics
* Scopus
* Social Sciences Citation Index
* Worldwide Political Sciences Abstracts
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.990, ranking it 29th out of 183 journals in the category "Political Science", 12th out of 95 journals in the category "International Relations" and 64th out of 378 journals in the category "Economics".
# Josiah Sleeper

Josiah Sleeper (18??–1946) was an American businessman who founded Sleeper's College (sometimes referred to as Sleeper's Business College) in Chester, Pennsylvania, in 1910.
Sleeper attended grammar, or perhaps high school, at The Old Academy, located on West 2nd Street between Fulton and Franklin Streets in Chester.
Sleeper became well known in Delaware County. In the 1890s, he had at least partial control of a baseball team in Marcus Hook, some three miles southwest of Chester. He brought the team to Chester's 12th Street Park, which was bounded by 12th, Upland and Potter Streets. He eventually passed control of the team to local baseball impresario Jesse Frysinger, and it moved in 1900 to Wilmington, Delaware.
In October 1921, Sleeper bought part of the "Brow O' the Hill" estate at 8 Irving Road, Wallingford, Pennsylvania, from D. Edwin Irving for $4,250. He acquired the rest on March 18, 1930, from Samuel Lloyd Irving and his wife and Jeanette Irving Stull and her husband.
Sleeper died August 20, 1946. His will allowed his sister, Lottie Sleeper Hill, to live in "Brow O’ the Hill" until her death. But she had, in fact, already died and so the property was sold for $43,000 ($671,857 today) to James H. Gorbey, who would go on to be mayor of Chester (1964 to 1967) and U.S. District Court judge from 1970 until his death in 1977.
Sleeper was a member of the Rotary Club and donated funds to support the Josiah Sleeper Award for recognition of patriotic service of foreign born Americans.
# Marcelino Serna Port of Entry

The Marcelino Serna Port of Entry (formerly the Tornillo Port of Entry) is a crossing of the United States–Mexico border. It opened on November 17, 2014, replacing the nearby Fabens Port of Entry. The crossing is built around the Tornillo–Guadalupe International Bridge about 1,800 feet (550 m) west of the previous two-lane Fabens–Caseta International Bridge and can accommodate vehicular, pedestrian, and commercial traffic. The U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) facility at the crossing served as the site for the Tornillo tent city, which housed as many as 2,800 detained migrant youths from June 2018 to January 2019. As of July 2019, a 2,500-bed holding facility for adult migrants is under construction at the site.

## History

Construction of the Port of Entry began in July 2011, and the facilities were ready at the end of 2013. However, the Mexican side of the crossing suffered delays due to lack of funding; construction on the Mexican side of the new bridge finally began in January 2014, with customs inspection facilities and road infrastructure still pending.
The port was renamed the Marcelino Serna Port of Entry in April 2017. Marcelino Serna was an undocumented Mexican immigrant who later became one of the most decorated Texan veterans of World War I.

## Detention facilities
### Tornillo youth detention facility, 2018–2019

Tornillo tent city was built within the facilities in June 2018 to house immigrant children. It was operated by BCFS on behalf of the Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement. Nearly 6,200 minors cycled through the facility within the seven months it operated.

### Tornillo adult detention facility

In July 2019, U.S. Customs and Border Protection began construction on a new holding facility designed to hold 2,500 adult immigrants on the site. CBP expects the facility, which will be a "large, soft-sided structure" to begin operations in July or August 2019. On July 17, the deployment of 1,000 Texas National Guard troops to the Tornillo and Donna detention facilities was announced.
# Jarek Molski

Jarek Molski is a disabled man known for filing hundreds of lawsuits against small businesses for violations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Since a 1985 motorcycle accident that left him paralyzed, Molski has filed over 400 lawsuits against California small businesses due to lack of handicap parking, misplaced handrails, and other ADA violations.
Molski has received heavy criticism over his lawsuits. In 2004, a federal judge accused Molski of extortion, calling him a "hit-and-run plaintiff", and barred Molski from filing further lawsuits. Molski appealed the judge's order to the United States Supreme Court, but was denied after they refused to hear his case.

## Lawsuits

All of Molski's lawsuits have been exclusive to small businesses for violating the Americans with Disabilities Act. Of them, only one went to a trial, while the rest have been settled out of court. San Francisco attorney, Tom Frankovich, has represented Molski in 232 of his cases. Frankovich is estimated to have earned over $10 million from Molski's cases.

## Criticism and impact

Molski's lawsuits have sparked debates on the balance between disability rights and potential abuse of the legal system. Critics argue that Molski has exploited the ADA to file frivolous lawsuits for personal gain, while others maintain that he has brought attention to the accessibility issues faced by people with disabilities.
The criticism surrounding Molski's lawsuits has led to calls for ADA reform to prevent similar tactics in the future. Some of these proposed changes include imposing stricter standards for ADA lawsuits, requiring plaintiffs to give businesses a reasonable opportunity to address violations before filing a lawsuit, and limiting attorneys' fees in such cases.
Despite the controversy, Molski's lawsuits have led to increased awareness of ADA compliance issues among small businesses. Many businesses have taken steps to improve their accessibility, either as a result of being sued by Molski or to avoid similar lawsuits.
# Mullet Key

Mullet Key is a historic island near Crystal River, Florida. It is located 3 miles south of the main mouth of the Crystal River, and was inhabited by Native Americans in pre-Columbian times. The island was occupied from roughly 500 to 1500 and was inhabited by the Deptford and Safety Harbor cultures. Oyster shell middens have been found at the site. On July 3, 1986, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

## In popular culture

Mullet Key is referenced in the movie The Punisher.
# Marcuse Pfeifer

Marcuse "Cusie" Pfeifer (November 4, 1936 – July 17, 2020) was an American gallerist. Pfeifer was an important figure in recognition of photography as a fine art, founding member and art exhibition director of the Hudson Valley LGBTQ Community Center in Kingston, New York, and a supporter of the Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art. She opened the Marcuse Pfeifer Gallery on Madison Avenue in 1976, and later moved to 568 Broadway. She helped people, including Sally Mann, Peter Hujar, and Timothy Greenfield-Sanders to launch their careers as contemporary photographers. In 1978, she curated a show of male nudes, with work by Robert Maplethorpe, Lynn Davis and Peter Hujar, prompting The New York Times reviewer to call for a return to "old-fashioned prudery".
Pfeifer died on July 17, 2020, at age 83.
# Jaroslav Procházka

Jaroslav Procházka was a Czech middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# Jane Sherron De Hart

Jane Sherron De Hart (born 1936) is an American feminist historian and women's studies academic. She is a professor emerita at University of California, Santa Barbara. De Hart has authored and edited several works on the history of women in the United States, the Federal Theatre Project, the Equal Rights Amendment, and Ruth Bader Ginsburg. During the 1970s, she founded the women's studies program at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

## Early life and education

De Hart was born in Asheville, North Carolina and raised in Bryson City, North Carolina. She graduated with a degree in history from Duke University. On a Carnegie Fellowship, De Hart earned a Ph.D. at Duke University in 1967. She married while attending graduate school and moved to Princeton, New Jersey where she continued work on her dissertation and taught at Douglass College. Her dissertation on the Federal Theatre Project became her first book.

## Career

In 1970, De Hart joined University of North Carolina at Greensboro for ten years, first temporarily before becoming permanent professor and founding the women's studies program. She was co-bicentennial chair of American studies at University of Helsinki from 1981 to 1982. De Hart became a professor of history and director of women's studies at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
In 1992, De Hart joined the University of California, Santa Barbara.
In 2018, De Hart published Ruth Bader Ginsburg: A Life. It was the first full-length biography of Ginsburg.

## Awards and honors

De Hart was a fellow of the National Endowment for the Humanities in 1975 and 1998. In 1991, she was awarded the Victoria Schuck Award alongside Donald G. Mathews for their book on the intersection of the Equal Rights Amendment and sex, gender, and politics.

## Selected works

* Mathews, Jane Sherron De Hart (1967). The Federal Theatre, 1935-1939: Plays, Relief, and Politics. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-04515-3.
* Mathews, Donald G.; De Hart, Jane Sherron (1990). Sex, Gender, and the Politics of ERA: A State and the Nation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503858-3.
* Kerber, Linda K.; De Hart-Mathews, Jane Sherron, eds. (1991). Women's America: Refocusing the Past. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506261-8.
* de Hart, Jane Sherron (2018). Ruth Bader Ginsburg: A Life. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-525-52159-4.
# Josiah William Smith

Josiah William Smith, QC (3 April 1816 – 10 April 1887) was an English barrister, legal writer and judge.

## Life

The only child of the Rev. John Smith, Rector of St Mary's church in Baldock, Hertfordshire, he was born on 3 April 1816, and graduated LL.B. from Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1841. He entered Lincoln's Inn on 9 November 1836, where he was called to the bar on 6 May 1841, and mainly practised in the Court of Chancery.
Becoming Queen's Counsel on 25 February 1861, Smith was chosen a bencher of Lincoln's Inn on 13 March following, and in September 1865 became County Court judge for Herefordshire and Shropshire (circuit No. 27). He resented being overruled by a superior court, and on one occasion declared his reason for not giving leave to appeal to be that if he was overruled the court would be deciding contrary to law and justice. This remark earned him a rebuke from the Court of Queen's Bench.
Smith, who was a Justice of the Peace for Herefordshire, retired from the bench on a pension in February 1879. He died at Clifton on 10 April 1887, and was buried at Baldock.

## Works

Smith was best known as the author of the Manual of Equity (1845), Compendium of the Law of Real and Personal Property (1855), and Manual of Common Law and Bankruptcy (1864). These standard works went through many editions. He was the draughtsman of the Consolidated General Orders of the High Court of Chancery (1860), and also edited Charles Fearne's Contingent Remainders and John Mitford's Chancery Pleadings. In addition he compiled manuals of devotion and a Summary of the Law of Christ (1859 and 1860).

## Family

Smith married in 1844 Mary, second daughter of George Henry Hicks, M.D., of Baldock. They are buried in the family plot in the churchyard of St Mary's church in Baldock.
# Jarif

Jarif is a village in eastern Yemen. It is located in the Hadhramaut Governorate.
# Marcelle-Gauvreau Ecological Reserve

Marcelle-Gauvreau Ecological Reserve is an ecological reserve in Quebec, Canada. It was established on May 30, 1990, and named in honor of the science educator Marcelle Gauvreau. It is located in extreme southern Mont-Valin, near the town of Sacré-Coeur. Around 116 hectares in size, it was created to protect ecosystems typical of mountainous region around Mont-Valin. The Sainte-Marguerite River Old Forest protects forest on either side of the reserve.