OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Martin Scheiner

Martin Lane Scheiner (September 1, 1922 – January 21, 1992) was an American inventor of electronics devices for medical purposes. He founded Electronics for Medicine in 1950, and served as president and research director until selling it to Honeywell in 1979. Scheiner was a dedicated traveler and passionate about social causes.

## Early life and education

Scheiner was born in Bronx, New York, and grew up in Mount Vernon, New York with his sisters Olga Coren and twin Barbara Hooper.
Scheiner graduated from Columbia University in 1943, where he served as a recording engineer and president of the Columbia University Radio Club, now WKCR-FM. He was later awarded an honorary doctorate from New York Medical College.

## Electronics for medicine

After serving in the U.S. Navy during WWII, Scheiner founded Instrument Laboratories in 1950, which was soon renamed Electronics for Medicine in White Plains, NY. The company was a pioneer in developing instruments for cardiac catheterization, including for André Frédéric Cournand who co-won the 1956 Nobel Prize in Medicine for this work. EfM was also an early designer and producer of operating room, ICU and CCU monitors. Scheiner moved to Usonia, New York in 1957 and lived there for the rest of his life. The company relocated to Pleasantville, NY in the mid-1970s. In 1979 the company was sold to Honeywell, and although Scheiner owned less than half the company at the time, he shared over $1 million with his employees, $50 for each month they had worked for him.

## Personal life and death

Scheiner's first wife, the former Jane Barsky, with whom he had three children, died of cancer in 1968. He remained married to his second wife, the children's book author Ann McGovern, until his death, legally adopting her adult son. He lived in the Frank Lloyd Wright associated community of Usonia Historic District until his death from Leukemia in 1992 at Lenox Hill Hospital.

## References/notes and references

* ↑ gconversations (January 25, 2013). "Award winning author Ann McGovern and her late husband Marty share some video from their adventures". Retrieved June 24, 2017 – via YouTube.
* ↑ Diver Travels in Search of Challenge, RHODA M. GILINSKY, New York Times, May 4, 1987
* ↑ Lambert, Bruce (January 26, 1992). "Martin L. Scheiner Is Dead at 69; Invented Devices Used in Medicine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
* ↑ "Columbia College Today". www.college.columbia.edu. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
* ↑ "CURC Rift Revealed". Columbia University Spectator. February 17, 1943. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
* ↑ "CURC Organizes Productions; Drama, News Personnel Named". Barnard Bulletin. November 5, 1942.
* ↑ "Martin L. Scheiner Is Dead at 69; Invented Devices Used in Medicine". The New York Times. January 26, 1992. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
* ↑ Times, Charlotte Evans Special To the New York (April 26, 1980). "Ex-Owner of Corporation Gives Workers $1 Million; Employees Get Gift of $1 Million Heart-Exploration Devices". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
# DePatie

DePatie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David H. DePatie (1929–2021), American film and television producer, son of Edmond
** DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, an American animation production company
* Edmond L. DePatie (1900–1966), American film industry executive
# Grkovci

Grkovci (Serbian Cyrillic: Грковци) is a village in the Municipality of Bosansko Grahovo, Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 74, all Serbs.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Ethnicity/National Affiliation, Religion and Mother Tongue 2019, pp. 500–501.
# Plantago indica

Plantago indica, commonly known as branched plantain, sand plantain, or black psyllium, is a flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, and is one of a few species in the Plantago genus under the common name psyllium. The plant is native to parts of Africa, Europe, Russia, and Asia, and has been naturalized in many other areas such as Australia and North America. The plant can be found mostly in dry inland areas, such as those that are sandy, and has also naturalized on roadsides and in meadows. The plant is not used broadly as a food source, but has been cultivated for its seeds which serve a medicinal use as a laxative.

## Description

Plantago indica is an annual herb with a taproot that has an erect stem with leaves that are usually opposite but sometimes in whorls of 3, and elongated internodes between leaf sets. Glandular pubescence is found on the stems, leaves, sepals, and inflorescences. The leaves are simple and have a base that is decurrent onto the petiole, an entire or slightly dentate edge, are linear or lanceolate in shape, and can reach 2.5-5cm long and 1-3mm wide. Some leaves are modified into bracts between 0.5cm and 2cm which have a cuspidate apex and an orbicular-ovate base. The plant has a densely flowered inflorescence with flowers that have a glabrous, brownish corolla and a calyx with broadly veined, elliptic and obovate sepals. The stamens exsert above the corolla, and the anthers are yellow, ellipsoid, and 1.8-2.2mm in size. The style of the stigma is also well exserted, and the floral parts are hypogynous but extend superior to the ovary. The seeds are contained in capsules of 2. The seeds are 2.5-2.8 mm in size, black or blackish-brown, shiny, ellipsoid, and have a distinct central groove on the inner face.

## Ecology

Plantago indica is described as being native to North Africa, Southwest China, Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. The plant has become broadly naturalized, identified in areas of Australia, North America, India, Japan, and Pakistan. The plant is commonly found in sandy areas such as in arid deserts and on sandy beaches, and has also been seen distributed on roadsides, and by railroad tracks.

## Uses

The seeds, known as French psyllium or black psyllium, are medicinally cultivated, along with other species under the psyllium common name, such as P. ovata, for use as a laxative for constipation and are also used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and diarrhea by extracting the mucilage from the seed coat. The mucilage from the seeds has also been reported to lower the risk of coronary heart disease.
# Cleptacaca

Cleptacaca is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Cleptacaca tryphera Diakonoff, 1953
# Matthew Elliott

Matthew or Matt Elliott may refer to:
* Matthew Elliott, Baron Elliott of Mickle Fell (born 1978), British political strategist and lobbyist
* Matthew Elliott (cricketer) (born 1971), Australian Test cricketer
* Matthew Elliott (loyalist) (1739–1814), British agent in the American Revolution and War of 1812
* Matthew Elliott (rugby league) (born 1964), Australian rugby league footballer and coach
* Matt Elliott (American football) (born 1968), American football player
* Matt Elliott (footballer) (born 1968), retired Scottish international footballer
* Matt Elliott (musician), founder of The Third Eye Foundation
* Matt Elliott (writer) (born 1969), New Zealand author
# Borie

Borie may refer to:
* USS Borie (DD-215), a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II
* USS Borie (DD-704), an Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer in the United States Navy

## People with the surname

* Adolph E. Borie (1809–1880), United States merchant and politician
* André Borie (died 1971), French civil engineer
* Françoise Borie (born 1947), French former swimmer
* Philibert Borie (1759–1832), French physician and Mayor of Paris
* Pierre Dumoulin-Borie (1808–1838), French Catholic missionary priest and member of the Paris Foreign Missions Society
* Ryerson, Mrs. Emily Maria (née Borie) (1863–1939), American passenger who survived the sinking of RMS Titanic
# Payload (computing)

In computing and telecommunications, the payload is the part of transmitted data that is the actual intended message. Headers and metadata are sent only to enable payload delivery and are considered overhead.
In the context of a computer virus or worm, the payload is the portion of the malware which performs malicious action.
The term is borrowed from transportation, where payload refers to the part of the load that pays for transportation.

## Networking

In computer networking, the data to be transmitted is the payload. It is almost always encapsulated in some type of frame format, composed of framing bits and a frame check sequence. Examples are Ethernet frames, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames, Fibre Channel frames, and V.42 modem frames.

## Programming

In computer programming, the most common usage of the term is in the context of message protocols, to differentiate the protocol overhead from the actual data. For example, a JSON web service response might be:
The string Hello, world! is the payload of JSON message, while the rest is protocol overhead.

## Security

In computer security, the payload is the part of the private user text which could also contain malware such as worms or viruses which performs the malicious action; deleting data, sending spam or encrypting data. In addition to the payload, such malware also typically has overhead code aimed at simply spreading itself, or avoiding detection.
# Lysandre Ménard

Lysandre Ménard (born 1993 in Boucherville, Quebec) is a Canadian actress and musician. She is most noted for her performance in the 2015 film The Passion of Augustine (La Passion d'Augustine), for which she was a Quebec Cinema Award nominee for Best Supporting Actress at the 18th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2016, and her 2022 album Sans oublier, which was a Félix Award nominee for Alternative Album of the Year at the 44th Félix Awards in 2022.
She uses her full name when acting, but is mononymously billed as Lysandre in her music.
She has also appeared in the film Of Ink and Blood (D'Encre et de sang), and the television series Chaos.
# R511

R511 may refer to:
* R.511, a French air-to-air missile
* R511 (South Africa), a road
* R511 road (Ireland)
# Cologne, Virginia

Cologne is an unincorporated community in King and Queen County, Virginia, United States. Cologne is located at longitude -76.691 and latitude 37.531 and sits elevated at 105 feet.
# Municipal filter (Russia)

Municipal filter is a procedure for collecting signatures of deputies of representative bodies of municipal entities in support of candidates for the posts of regional heads, as provided for by Russian legislation. The threshold is established in the amount of 5 (Novgorod and Tomsk regions, Sevastopol) to 10 percent (Belgorod and Yaroslavl regions) of the total number of local deputies.
# Kanuti Hot Springs

Kanuti Hot Springs is a geothermal spring in an area of critical environmental concern in the Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 15 miles north of the Arctic Circle.

## Water profile and geology

The hot mineral water emerges from the ground between 110 °F to 151 °F. Colonies of cyanobacteria grow in the spring, coloring areas along the edges with white, yellow and orange residue. Rainwater percolates through a deep fracture in the bedrock where it is heated by magma and emerges through rocks near the surface. Granitic rocks of the hot springs pluton have intruded on the south side of the Caribou Mountain complex. There is no indication of asymmetrical profiles that are characteristic of ultramapfic complexes.

## Location

The hot springs are located in a very remote area and are accessible during the winter months only via the Dalton Highway (mile marker 103).
# Potato black ringspot virus

Potato black ringspot virus (PBRSV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Comoviridae.
# Kyoto Municipal Subway 10 series

The Kyoto Municipal Subway 10 series (京都市交通局10系電車), is an electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type operated by the Kyoto Municipal Subway in Kyoto, Japan, since 1981.

## Overview

The 10 series was introduced in 1981 with nine four-car sets built to coincide with the opening of the Karasuma Line between Kyoto and Kitaoji stations. By 1997, the line was extended south to Takeda Station and north to Kokusaikaikan Station. These extensions were accompanied by an additional 84 cars spread over five batches.

## Formations
### Four-car sets

Nine four car sets were introduced for the opening of the initial section on the Karasuma Line between Kyōto Station and Kitaōji Station in May 1981.
| Designation | Mc2' | M1' | M1 | Mc2 |
| Numbering | 18xx | 17xx | 12xx | 11xx |

### Six-car sets

Starting from the third batch in 1988, all trains were lengthened to six-car trains. This was done to supplement the opening of an extension between Kyoto Station and Takeda Station.
| Designation | Mc2' | M1' | T2 | T1 | M1 | Mc2 |
| Numbering | 18xx | 17xx | 16xx | 13xx | 12xx | 11xx |
* Original model trainset
* Updated model trainset starting from the third batch

## Interior

The interior consists of longitudinal seating throughout.
* Interior view
* Priority seating area after refurbishment
* LCD screens installed after refurbishment

## Disposal

Set 1806 was scrapped in 2020. The remaining eight earlier-batch sets are set to undergo replacement as newer Kyoto Municipal Subway 20 series trains enter service.
# Notocypraea angustata

Notocypraea angustata is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

## Distribution

This species and its subspecies occur in the seas along southern Australia.
# McCabe-Powers Body Company

The McCabe-Powers Body Company was a producer of carriages and later of utility trucks and other motor vehicles. The company was founded in St. Louis, Missouri in 1877 by James H. McCabe and Thomas O'Farrell as "James H. McCabe and Thomas O'Farell, Carriage Builders". This eventually became the McCabe-Bierman Wagon Company, and, from 1906 (after Edward J. Powers, Sr. had become a partner), the McCabe-Powers Carriage Company.
Originally producing horse-drawn wagons, the company later made motor-driven cars, specializing in hearses, passenger limos, delivery vehicles, utility vehicles, and producing military vehicles during World War II. A wagon produced by McCabe-Bierman was used in the 1904 World's Fair, winning a silver medal for design. This wagonette is now on display at the Missouri History Museum in Forest Park, St. Louis.
The company remained in the hands of the Powers family until it was sold in 1983 and no longer produced truck bodies.
# Rabbi Hilkiah

Rabbi Hilkiah (Hebrew: רבי חלקיה) was an Amora of the Land of Israel of the fourth generation of the Amoraic era. He was an Aggadist and his teachings mostly dealt with this issue.
R. Hilkiah is mentioned dozens of times in the Jerusalem Talmud and the Midrash Aggadah, and once in the Babylonian Talmud. He was the pupil of R. Pinchas and a colleague of R. Shimon ben Pazi. The Midrash mentions a sage called Isaac ben Rabbi Hilkiah, who may very well be his son.
# Colm McMahon

Colm McMahon (born 10 December 1976) is an Irish former rugby union player for Munster, where he is currently head of rugby development. He played as a flanker.

## Munster

McMahon represented Shannon and Munster during his playing career, before joining Munster as a coach development officer in 2009, as well as coaching roles at various age grades for Ireland. In 2011, he became an elite development officer for Munster's academy, a role he held until 2020, when he replaced the outgoing Ultan O'Callaghan as Munster's head of rugby development. McMahon was also an interim forwards coach for Munster during the early games of the 2019–20 season, as Graham Rowntree, newly appointed to the role, was away at the 2019 Rugby World Cup with Georgia.
# Deadlock (EP)

Deadlock is the third extended play by South Korean rock band Xdinary Heroes. It was released by Studio J and JYP Entertainment on April 26, 2023. The extended play features seven original tracks, including the lead single "Freakin' Bad".

## Background and release

On March 6, 2023, the band announced that they plan to release a new album on April. On March 31, Xdinary Heroes announced an album showcase for their upcoming album. On April 7, the band announced their third EP, Deadlock set to be released on April 26. On April 8, the promotional schedule for the EP was released. The EP's tracklist was released on April 9. On April 10, a live instrumental sampler video and a lyric spoiler was released. On April 11-16, teaser images for the EP were released. Visual samplers were released on April 17 and 18. Two music video teasers for the lead single "Freakin' Bad" were released by JYP on April 20 and 21. The EP's highlight film sampler were released on April 23. The EP alongside the music video for "Freakin' Bad" was released on the 26th.

## Composition

Deadlock consists of seven original tracks written and composed by the band. According to Gaon, the EP's title was derived from the computer term "deadlock." The overall theme of the EP is "the chaos that someone experiences as the inner good and evil reach a stalemate that cannot be yielded to each other."
The first track, "Come Into My Head", is a song that incorporates the genres of EDM and hip hop. The second track and the lead single, "Freakin' Bad", features 808 bass with lyrics that captures "the many worries between hero and villain" and "the message to get out of the world that separates good from evil." The third track, "Bicycle", is an alternative rock song. "Checkmate" talks on "how to get through a situation where you can neither move forward nor back down." The fifth track, "Good Enough" was written by the band's leader, Gunil, and Young K of Day6. "Good Enough" is the band's first official English song. "Man in the Box" is a song with lyrics about people who chose to "live in their own world," eventually turning into "monsters." The last track, "Dear H.", is a pop ballad song with lyrics about "the painful feelings caused by wounds that people find difficult share with others."

## Promotion

On April 22 and 23, the band held a showcase for their new EP as the start of their promotions for Deadlock.

## Credits and personnel

Studios
* JYPE Studios — recording (tracks 1-6), digital editing (tracks 1, 4, 5, 6), mixing (tracks 2, 3, 5, 7)
* Solcire Studio — recording (tracks 2, 3, 7), digital editing (tracks 2, 3, 7)
* Quincy Jones — recording (tracks 1, 5, 6,)
* Studio-T — recording (track 5)
* Glab Studios — mixing (tracks 1, 4, 6)
* 821 Sound Mastering — mastering (tracks 1, 3-7)
* Sterling Sound — mastering (track 2)
Personnel

## Sales

Sales for Deadlock :
| Region | Sales |
| South Korea | 131,871 |

## Release history

Release history for Deadlock :
| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| South Korea | April 26, 2023 | CD | Studio JJYP |
| Various | April 26, 2023 | Digital downloadstreaming | Studio JJYP |
# Clean-burning stove

A clean-burning stove is a stove with reduced toxic and polluting emissions. The term refers to solid-fuel stoves such as wood-burning stoves for either domestic heating, domestic cooking or both. In the context of a cooking stove, especially in lower-income countries, such a stove is distinct from a clean-burning-fuel stove, which typically burns clean fuels such as ethanol, biogas, LPG, or kerosene. Studies into clean-burning cooking stoves in lower-income countries have shown that they reduce the emissions of dangerous particulates and carbon monoxide significantly, use less fuel than regular stoves, and result in fewer burn injuries. However, the emissions some supposedly clean-burning cookstoves produce are still much greater than safe limits, and in several studies in lower income countries they did not appear to be effective at reducing illnesses such as pneumonia induced by breathing polluted air, which may have many sources.

## Use

Solid fuel stoves designed to be used for domestic heating, those designed to be used for cooking, and those designed for both, can all be described as being clean-burning. In all cases these types of stove are designed to produce lower emissions of particulates and other pollutants than the open fires, traditional stoves, or other appliances they replace. They have been proposed for introduction to developing countries, particularly the cooking type in order to improve air quality, and where they replace open fires they have other advantages such as a reduction in accidents due to burn injuries and house fires.

## Development

A research summary of the development of clean-burning, domestic, heating stoves was published in 1982 by Flow Research Inc. Such stoves introduced in the 1980s burnt wood pellets rather than logs. By 1986, a directory was available listing 75 such stoves which had satisfied U.S. emission testing.

## Operation

Clean-burning stoves can be catalytic (using catalytic converters) or noncatalytic. The noncatalytic designs recirculate smoke to achieve fuller combustion.
Once the stove is warmed to within operating temperatures, it produces no visible smoke, emitting mostly water and carbon dioxide. Non-catalytic stoves have higher emissions than the new catalytic stoves do when the latter are operated correctly (as of 2003).
A conventional domestic heating stove in 1984 emitted particulates amounting to approximately 20g per kg of fuel (0.3oz/lb). Research by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was reported in 1986 to show that conditions such as asthma, bronchitis and emphysema may be aggravated by the use of conventional heating stoves.

## Regulation

The EPA was reported as announcing plans in 1987 to encourage manufacturers to design heating stoves with reduced emissions. Clean-burning stoves are authorised for use in smoke control areas in some countries by organisations such as the EPA.
# Potato River

Potato River may refer to:
* Potato River (Michigan), a tributary of Lake Superior
* Potato River (Minnesota), a tributary of the Fish Hook River
* Potato River (Wisconsin), a tributary of the Bad River
# Pecki

Pecki may refer to:
* Pečki, a village in Slovenia
* Pecki, Croatia [hr], a village near Petrinja, Croatia
# Pink flowers

Pink flowers are used as a symbol of love and awareness. For decades, pink flowers have been used to decorate weddings as a symbol of love. They can also be used as a display of love at funerals, as demonstrated at the funeral for Anna Nicole Smith.
More recently, pink flowers have come to symbolize breast cancer awareness.
They may also be used as an expression of thanks, or just enjoyed for their aesthetic beauty.

## Species

Species of pink flowers include:
* Allium (flowering onion)
* Astilbe
* Azalea
* Begonias
* Butterfly bush
* Camellia
* Carambola tree (starfruit)
* Carnation
* Cherry
* Clematis
* Coneflower (Echinacea)
* Cypripedium acaule (lady's slipper orchids)
* Dahlia
* Dianthus family (carnation, pink, and sweet william, and especially garden pink, whence the colour got its name)
* Flowering plum tree
* Hibiscus
* Hyacinth
* Hydrangea growing in alkaline (basic) soil
* Oriental lily
* Papaver orientale (Oriental poppy)
* Peony / paeony
* Petunia
* Rhododendron and Azalea
* Roses
* Sabatia angularis (rosepink or bitterbloom)
* Tulips
* Vinca
* Alumroot
* Aster
* Forget-me-not (Myosotis)
* Orchid
# Poikolainen

Poikolainen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Tomi Poikolainen (born 1961), Finnish Olympic archer
* Rauni Poikolainen (born 1962), Finnish long track speed skater
* Jutta Poikolainen (born 1963), Finnish Olympic archer, wife of Tomi
# Martle Mukhim

Martle N. Mukhim is the chief of the Meghalaya Democratic Party, a political party in the Indian state of Meghalaya. He has formerly represented Dienglieng constituency and is a four-time member of Meghalaya Assembly from 1988-2008.
# Michael Walton

Michael Walton may refer to:
* Michael Walton (judge), a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales
* Michael Walton (American football), special teams coordinator for the Tarleton State Texans football program
* Michael Walton, a fictional character in the television series Marley's Ghosts