OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Líofa

Líofa (English: Fluent) is an initiative headquartered in Belfast, which aims to assist people in Northern Ireland who wish to support and become fluent speakers of the Irish language (Gaeilge). It was founded in 2011 by the Northern Ireland Executive's Minister of Culture, Arts and Leisure, Carál Ní Chuilín.

## Líofa bursary controversy

As part of the project, the Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure set up the Líofa Gaeltacht Bursary Scheme, whereby people can apply to attend summer courses. The Department for Communities took over responsibility for the initiative in May 2016 following the Fresh Start Agreement. On 23 December 2016, the Democratic Unionist Party Minister for Communities Paul Givan removed £55,000 of funding from the scheme. The money funded annual trips for 100 Northern Irish disadvantaged young people to the Donegal Gaeltacht, where they would attend Irish language classes. Martin McGuinness said the DUP's decision to remove funding from the Líofa budget was a factor for his resignation as Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland.
Givan came under pressure to reinstate the funding and he said that the original decision to cut the funding was "not political". Gerry Adams, Sinn Féin leader, called Givan an "ignoramus" and called the decision "ignorant". Givan's decision spurred protests outside the headquarters of the Department for Communities in Belfast. As the protests were happening, Givan tweeted that he was reinstating the bursaries after he "found the necessary funding". Furthermore, he said he "was not prepared to allow Sinn Féin to use that £50,000 as a political weapon against us [the DUP] in the upcoming election as a tool to rally their troops, and so I've taken that away from them". Givan's decision was welcomed by Irish language groups, but they insisted on an Irish Language Act to be a feature of any crisis talks.
# Hıdırlar, Hamamözü

Hıdırlar is a village in the Hamamözü District, Amasya Province, Turkey. Its population is 28 (2021).
# Plutonium hydride

Plutonium hydride is a non-stoichiometric chemical compound with the formula PuH$_{2+x}$. It is one of two characterized hydrides of plutonium; the other is PuH$_3$. PuH$_{2+x}$ is non-stoichiometric with a composition range of PuH$_2$ – PuH$_{2.7}$. Metastable stoichiometries with an excess of hydrogen (PuH$_{2.7}$ – PuH$_3$) can also be formed. PuH$_2$ has a cubic structure. It is readily formed from the elements at 1 atmosphere at 100–200°C: When the stoichiometry is close to PuH$_2$ it has a silver appearance, but gets blacker as the hydrogen content increases, additionally the color change is associated with a reduction in conductivity.
    Pu + H$_2$ → PuH$_2$
Studies of the reaction of plutonium metal with moist air at 200–350°C showed the presence of cubic plutonium hydride on the surface along with Pu$_2$O$_3$, PuO$_2$ and a higher oxide identified by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as the mixed-valence phase Pu$^{IV}$$_{3−x}$Pu$^{VI}$$_x$O$_{6+x}$. Investigation of the reaction performed without heating suggests that the reaction of Pu metal and moist air the production of PuO$_2$ and a higher oxide along with adsorbed hydrogen, which catalytically combines with O$_2$ to form water.
Like the free metal, plutonium dihydride is pyrophoric. On the surface of hydrided plutonium, it acts as a catalyst for the oxidation of the metal with consumption of both O$_2$ and N$_2$ from air.
# Point Place, Louisiana

Point Place is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States.
# Hypericum uralum

Hypericum uralum is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family Hypericaceae. Its native range includes China, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Myanmar.
# Hypericum walteri

Hypericum walteri, the greater marsh St. Johnswort or Walter's marsh St. John's Wort, is a flowering plant endemic to the eastern United States, from Texas to Delaware north to Illinois. It grows along waterbodies such as lakes and streams, in marshes, and in swamp forests.
# Hypericum tubulosum

Hypericum tubulosum, the lesser marsh St. Johnswort or southern marsh St. John's-wort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. Formerly classified as synonym Triadenum tubulosum, the species is found across the Southern United States and Midwest. It grows in wetlands such as bogs and floodplains.

## Description

Lesser marsh St. Johnswort is a perennial herb that grows to approximately 32 inches (81 cm) tall. Its pink flowers bloom in August and September.
The seeds of H. tubulosum closely resemble those of the extinct paleospecies Hypericum tertiaerum.
# Medonte (Sarti)

Medonte, re di Epiro ("Medonte, King of Epirus") is an opera seria in three acts by Giuseppe Sarti. The libretto was by Giovanni de Gamerra for Felice Alessandri's opera Medonte, re d'Epiro (1774) and was later set by several other composers.

## Performance history

It was first performed at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence on 8 September 1777. The opera was very successful in its time.

## Roles

Roles, voice types, premiere cast :
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 8 September 1777 Conductor: Unknown |
| Medonte, King of Epirus | tenor | Giacomo Panati |
| Selene, Princess of Argos in love with Arbace | soprano | Rosa Agostini Devizzi |
| Arbace, Prince of Dodone and a General of Epirus | soprano castrato | Giuseppe Aprile "Sciroletto" |
| Zelinda | soprano | Antonia Pacini |
| Evandro | Soprano castrato | Silvestro Fiamenghi |
| Talete | Contralto castrato | Francesco Casini Papi |
# Podesta (disambiguation)

Podestà is the name given to certain high officials in many Italian cities beginning in the later Middle Ages.
Podesta or Podestà may also refer to:

## People

* Podesta (surname)
* Podestà of Constantinople, the official in charge of Venetian possessions in the Latin Empire and the Venetian quarter of Constantinople during the 13th century
* Podestà-troubadours, Italian troubadours who were also podestas

## Places

* Podesta (island), a phantom island reported in 1879
* Pablo Podestá, Buenos Aires, a town in Tres de Febrero Partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
* Palazzo del Podesta (disambiguation), a number of palaces in Italy

## Business and economy

* Podesta Baldocchi, a florist in San Francisco, founded in 1871
* Podesta Group, a lobbying and public affairs firm based in Washington, D.C.
* Heather Podesta + Partners, American government relations firm
# Podesta Baldocchi

Podesta Baldocchi (Podesta & Baldocchi) is one of the oldest operating florists in San Francisco, founded in 1871.
Their headquarters on 224 Grant Avenue, with Italian marble artwork and tile floors, acquired from the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition, was featured in Alfred Hitchcock's 1958 film Vertigo.
In September 1999, Podesta Baldocchi was sold to Gerald Stevens Inc., which once operated a network of 231 floral online locations, delivering flowers, in 28 markets in the United States.
In November 2001, San Francisco native Marc Rovetti took ownership of Podesta Baldocchi. Marc's father had emigrated from Italy in the 1950s and had worked at Podesta Baldocchi before starting his own floral business. Marc sold Podesta Baldocchi to the Rossi & Rovetti floral shop in 2001.
# Lyon Open

Lyon Open may refer to:
* ATP Lyon Open, a men's professional tennis tournament
* WTA Lyon Open, a women's professional tennis tournament
# Nanyang Huizhong

Nanyang Huizhong (Chinese: 南陽慧忠; pinyin: Nányáng Huìzhōng; Japanese: Nan'yō Echū; Korean: Namyang Hyech'ung; Vietnamese: Nam Dương Huệ Trung; 675-775 CE) was a Zen monk during the Tang dynasty. He is often known by his nickname, National Teacher Zhong (Chinese: 忠國師; pinyin: Zhōng Guóshī; Japanese: Chū Kokushi) because he was the personal teacher of the Tang emperors Suzong and Daizong.

## Biography

Huizhong was born in Zhuji, but left home at a young age to become a monk under a Vinaya teacher. Huzhong lived through the so-called "Zen Golden Age", during which many important developments took place, especially the fracturing of the East Mountain School into the Northern, Southern, and Sichuan schools. However, the National Teacher avoided associating with any of the various factions. Instead, he is purported to have spent forty uninterrupted years practicing Zen on Baiya Mountain's (白崕) Dangzi Valley (黨子) in Nanyang before being summoned by Emperor Suzong in 761.
At this point his reputation as a master preceded him and he developed a personal connection to the two Chinese emperors, Suzong and Daizong, becoming a major figure at the imperial court. He was also granted the rare title of National Preceptor (guoshi 國師).
Huizhong was known for his critical opinion of some of the southern Hongzhou masters' denial of the importance of sutra-study. Instead, Huizhong emphasized the study of scripture alongside the practice of Chan meditation as the proper way to practice the Zen path. He also criticized the teaching of Mazu Daoyi which said "Buddha is mind" as a kind of naturalistic fallacy.
Huizhong remained an influential figure in later eras, and he is featured in numerous koan collections, including the Blue Cliff Records, The Book of Equanimity, and the Gateless Gate.
Some of his teachings have also survived in Tangut versions found at Khara Khoto.
# McAusland

McAusland is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* John McAusland Denny (1858–1922), Scottish businessman and politician
* Kyle McAusland (born 1993), Scottish footballer
* Marc McAusland (born 1988), Scottish footballer
# Korea Maritime and Ocean University

Korea Maritime & Ocean University is South Korea's most prestigious national university for maritime study, transportation science and engineering. It is located in Yeongdo-gu in Busan. The university is also known for having its whole campus located inside an island.

## History

The university was established in November 1945 after Korea had been liberated from Japanese occupation (World War II). Chinhae High Seamans School, a maritime institution with a majority of Korean students until the liberation of Korea, was re-established with Korean faculty and students under the leadership of Lee Si-hyung. The school became a national university immediately after its foundation, and was renamed Chinhae High Merchant Seamans School (진해고등상선학교).
After the Korean War it was merged with other similar institutions and moved to Busan. The name was changed to the National Maritime College (국립해양대학) in 1956.
In 1992, the college became a university with a graduate school, and was given its current name.
The university is one of the earliest and prestigious national post-secondary educational institutions in South Korea, and the only post-secondary institution that specializes in maritime sciences and engineering.
The university name was changed from "Korea Maritime University" to "Korea Maritime and Ocean University" on September 1, 2013.
The university name was changed from "Korea Maritime and Ocean University" to "Korea Maritime & Ocean University" on February 1, 2019.

## Academics
### Undergraduate colleges

* Maritime Sciences
** Maritime Transportation Science
** Marine System Engineering
** Navigation Science
** Marine Engineering
** Coast Guard Studies
** Offshore Plant Management
** Marine Information Technology
** Global Maritime Studies
* Ocean Science and Technology
** Naval Architecture and Ocean Systems Engineering
** Ocean Engineering
** Energy Resources Engineering
** Architecture Ocean Space
** Ocean Science
** Marine Bio-science
** Ocean Physical Education
* Engineering
** Mechanical Engineering Logistics
** Electrical and Electronics Engineering
** Information Technology
** Control and Automation Engineering
** Radio Communication Engineering
** Data Information
** Environmental engineering
** Civil Engineering
* International Studies
** Shipping Management
** Maritime Law
** International Trade and Economics
** International Commerce
** Maritime Administration
** English Language and Literature
** East Asian Studies
** European Studies

### Korean Language Course

* 10 Weeks Course, 4 Semester a Year
* Korean Vocabulary and Grammar, Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing.

### Graduate schools
#### General Graduate Schools

* Engineering (18 departments)
* Natural Science (2 departments)
* Humanities and Social Studies (8 departments)

#### Professional Graduate Schools

* Graduate School of Maritime Industry Studies
* Ocean Science and Technology School
* Graduate School of Education
# Oxynoe viridis

Oxynoe viridis is a species of small sea snail or sea slug, a bubble snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Oxynoidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Philippines, Australia, Indonesia, Egypt, Taiwan and Turkey.
The type locality for this species is "Sandwich Islands", now Hawaiian Islands.

## Description

The body is oval or ovate, dorsal region elevated, lateral lobes regular in shape, outline of the edges convex, not meeting; tentacles well-developed, grooved and truncated; eyes immersed immediately behind the tentacles; foot linear, adapted for clasping seaweed; the whole upper surface garnished with more or less numerous cirrigerous appendages. Tail is long, compressed and lance-pointed. Color: grass green, mottled with darker, sometimes dotted minutely with brown, or a few blue spots margined with black along the edge of the lateral lobes and on the neck.
The shell is thin, pellucid, fragile, white, slightly convolute, obliquely finely striate, left side slightly inflated. The aperture is large, open widely. The outer lip is disjoined from the apex, very slightly produced posteriorly and truncate. The inner lip is slightly callous.
# Norman Kingsbury

Norman William Kingsbury CNZM JP (7 December 1932 – 12 December 2019) was a New Zealand educational administrator. He served as the inaugural registrar of the University of Waikato (1964–1988), and chief executive officer of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (1990–2000).

## Early life, family, and education

Born in Waimate on 7 December 1932, Kingsbury was the son of Frances Emily Hall Kingsbury (née White) and George Ernest Raymond Kingsbury. He was educated at Waimate High School from 1946 to 1951, and then went on to study at Canterbury University College from 1952 to 1956, graduating Bachelor of Arts in 1955 and Master of Arts in 1957. He later completed a second MA degree at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom in 1984.
While a student at Canterbury, Kingsbury became active in student politics. He served a term as president of the University of Canterbury Students' Association. From 1959 to 1960, he was associate secretary of the International Student Conference based in Leiden in the Netherlands, and then from 1960 to 1961 he was the body's secretary-general.
In 1959, Kingsbury married Barbara Anne Stephens, and the couple went on to have five children.

## Career

After returning from the Netherlands, Kingsbury worked in administration at Victoria University of Wellington, rising to assistant registrar, before being appointed registrar of the newly created University of Waikato in 1964. He was influential in the development of Waikato, particularly in relation to the development of a school of Māori and Pacific studies and the responsibilities of the university towards Māori, the development of and access to continuing education and distance-learning programmes, and the founding of the Waikato Students' Union. He served as registrar for 24 years, until 1988.
From 1978 to 1980, Kingsbury was registrar of the University of Botswana. As chair of the New Zealand Tertiary Education Advisory Commission from 1988, he was a key figure in reforms to the tertiary education sector, and was regarded as the "father of the student loans scheme". In 1990, he was appointed as chief executive officer of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA). He retired from his roles with the Tertiary Education Commission and NZQA in 2000.

## Later life and death

Kingsbury was predeceased by his wife in 2001. He died in Hamilton on 12 December 2019.

## Honours and awards

Kingsbury was made a life member of the University of Canterbury Students' Association in 1956, and he was accorded a similar honour by the Waikato Students' Union in 1988. In 1986, he was appointed a justice of the peace.
In 1990, Kingsbury was conferred with an honorary doctorate by the University of Waikato. In the 2001 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to education.
# Lippincott

Lippincott may refer to:

## Arts and media

* Lippincott's Monthly Magazine a 19th-century literary magazine published in Philadelphia, U.S.
* Andy Lippincott, a fictional character in the comic strip Doonesbury
* "Lippincott", a song by Animals as Leaders from the album The Joy of Motion, 2014

## Businesses

* J. B. Lippincott & Co., an American publishing company founded in 1836
** Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, successor company, formed in 1998
* Lippincott (brand consultancy), an American brand strategy and design company

## People

* Charles E. Lippincott (1825–1887), American physician and politician
* David McCord Lippincott (1924–1984), American composer and lyricist
* Donald Lippincott (1893–1963), American athlete
* Esther J. Trimble Lippincott (1838—1888), American educator, reformer, author
* Janet Lippincott (1918–2007), American artist
* Joan Lippincott (born 1935), American concert organist and organ professor
* Job H. Lippincott (1842–1900), American lawyer
* Joseph Lippincott, engineer involved in the California Water Wars in the 1900s
* Joshua Lippincott (1835–1906), Chancellor of the University of Kansas 1883–1889
* Joshua Ballinger Lippincott, founder of J. B. Lippincott & Co.
** His grandson Joseph Wharton Lippincott (1887–1976), American publisher, author, naturalist, and sportsman
*** His son Joseph Wharton Lippincott Jr. (1914–2003), American publisher
* Kristen Lippincott, London-based art historian and curator
* Richard Lippincott (Quaker) (1615–1683), English Quaker and an early settler of Shrewsbury, New Jersey
* Richard Lippincott (Loyalist) (1745–1826), an American who fought for the Crown during the American War of Independence
* Sara Jane Lippincott (1823–1904), pseudonym Grace Greenwood, American author
* Sarah Lee Lippincott (born 1920), American astronomer
* Lippincott baronets, a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain
** Sir Henry Lippincott, 1st Baronet (1737–1780)

## Places

* Lippincott, Ohio, an unincorporated community
* Lippincott Library, housed in Van Pelt Library of Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, U.S.
* Lippincott Mansion, a historic site in Ormond Beach, Florida, U.S.
* John Lippincott House, a historic building in Davenport, Iowa, U.S.
* Lippincott Street, Harbord Village, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

## Other uses

* Ellis R. Lippincott Award, an annual award in vibrational spectroscopy
* Gertrude Lippincott Award, an annual award of the Society of Dance History Scholars
* Lippincott cap, or Ascot cap, a hat
# Labrisomus cricota

Labrisomus cricota, the Mock blenny, is a species of labrisomid blenny native to the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea where it occurs on rocky bottoms with plentiful algal growth at depths down to 4 metres (13 ft). It is believed that the territorial males keep harems of females. Males of this species can reach a length of 9.3 centimetres (3.7 in) SL while females can attain a length of 10.3 centimetres (4.1 in). This is a species sought after by local subsistence fisheries.
# John 1:8

John 1:8 is the eighth verse in the first chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

## Content

In the original Greek according to Westcott-Hort this verse is:
    Οὐκ ἦν ἐκεῖνος τὸ φῶς, ἀλλ᾿ ἵνα μαρτυρήσῃ περὶ τοῦ φωτός.
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:
    He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light.
The New International Version translates the passage as:
    He himself was not the light; he came only as a witness to the light.

## Analysis

According to Witham "He" refers to John, that he was not the true light, since the word was the light, which is expressed as the true light, to bar anyone from thinking that John the Baptist was the light.

## Commentary from the Church Fathers

Chrysostom: "Forasmuch however as with us, the one who witnesses, is commonly a more important, a more trustworthy person, than the one to whom he bears witness, to do away with any such notion in the present case the Evangelist proceeds; He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light. If this were not his intention, in repeating the words, to bear witness of the Light, the addition would be superfluous, and rather a verbal repetition, than the explanation of a truth."
Theophylact of Ohrid: " But it will be said, that we do not allow John or any of the saints to be or ever to have been light. The difference is this: If we call any of the saints light, we put light without the article. So if asked whether John is light, without the article, thou mayest allow without hesitation that he is: if with the article, thou allow it not. For he is not very, original, light, but is only called so, on account of his partaking of the light, which cometh from the true Light."
# KBIH

KBIH may refer to:
* Eastern Sierra Regional Airport (ICAO code KBIH)
* KBIH-LP, a low-power radio station (94.1 FM) licensed to serve Houston, Texas, United States
# Boylan Act

The Boylan Act (or the Boylan Bill or the Towns-Boylan Act) was a piece of April 1914 legislation in New York State, dealing with narcotics and addiction. The Act predated the federal 1915 Harrison Act, and in some ways anticipated it. Charles B. Towns, one of the sponsors of the Act, stated "it takes only five or six days to cure a drug fiend in hospital."

## Provisions

* That opium and morphine be dispensed only by pharmacists, with a written prescription from a physician
* Any prescription for opiates required a physical examination by a doctor to establish necessity
* Prescriptions exceeding four grains of morphine, 30 grains of opium, two grains of heroin, or six grains of heroin must be verified by the dispensing pharmacist with a phone call to the prescribing physician
* Only physicians and pharmacists may dispense syringes or hypodermic needles
* Per Section 249a, addicts who break the law may be institutionalized for addiction treatment, and addicts resisting treatment could be forced to enter an institution for vagrants

## Overturning

In 1917, the Whitney Act weakened the Boylan Act by allowing physicians to prescribe narcotics to addicts in the course of treating their addiction.
The Act was later overturned, as it had the unintended consequence of stimulating the black market for narcotics.