OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# One Divides into Two

The One Divides into Two (一分为二) controversy was an ideological debate about the nature of contradiction that took place in China in 1964. The concept originated in Lenin's Philosophical Notebooks. The philosopher Yang Xianzhen originated the idea of "Two Unites into One", which he said was the primary law of dialectics. The Maoists interpreted this to mean that capitalism could be united with socialism. Ai Siqi wrote the original attack on Yang, and was joined by Mao himself. Wang Ruoshui also contributed to the attack. After 1976, Yang was officially rehabilitated, along with the concept of two uniting into one.
The chengyu phrase "一分为二" arose in the Taisu version of the Huangdi Neijing.
This phrase is derived from the formulation given by Vladimir Lenin in his Philosophical Notebooks; "The splitting of a single whole and the cognition of its contradictory parts ... is the essence ... of dialectics."
Richard Baum has put the controversy in terms of modern game theory as a debate between zero sum and non-zero sum competition.
Alain Badiou, during his Maoist phase, would use the principle of One Divides into Two to criticize the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze.
# Oumouri

Oumouri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hadjira Oumouri (born 1969), Comorian politician
* Younous Oumouri (born 1975), Malagasy footballer
# Nadihal

Nadihal is a village located in the north of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is just 4 km away from Bandipora town, and 51 km away from Srinagar. It the largest village in Bandipora district. There are many small villages around it. It is a prosperous and modern village with a population of 5167 (as per 2011 official census) . Nadihal is inhabited by only Muslims. In this village, there are two government middle schools, one higher secondary school, and two high schools. Besides Government-run schools, there are a few private schools and a Public Institute Popularly known as Radiant Public Secondary School as well in this village. The level of education in Nadihal is moderate but has significantly increased in recent times.
The main occupations of the people include agriculture, trade and services.
Nadihal has a government dispensary, a panchayat ghar, A Panchayat Bhawan, and a recently allocated ISM (Indian System of Medicine) hospital. Nadihal has several sweet water springs. The famous one is located near Dispensary. There are also two bank branches: Grameen Bank and recently established J&K Bank branch (inaugurated 2017).Besides Nadihal has a common services centre popularly Known as Khidmat Centre (J&K Bank Franchise) that caters the needs of IT Services, internet services, air ticket facilities, G2C Services, B2C Services, door step banking facilities to almost 5-6 nearby villages.The khidmat centre provides a basic banking facility like aadhaar enabled account opening, Aadhar enabled Payment services, kiosk banking facility and small payments services.
In Nadihal, there are 8 mosques, a Jamia mosque and an Eid Gah. The main Jamia Masjid called "Markazi Jamia Masjid Nadihal" run by local Auqaf committee (that consists of people from all walks of life, to give due representation all al mosques) is located near the main bus stop. It is extensively decorated and has almost four storeys.
Nadihal market consists of almost 250 shops selling groceries, vegetables and fruits, medicine, timber, steel and iron. The Nadihal market is now so well established that you can find everything in the market from the roofing tiles to medicines.
In common with other parts of the district, Nadihal village is also known for its scenery and plentiful availability of water. It is located on the banks of Wular Lake. An extensive view of the village can be seen from a nearby resort Wular Vintage Park.
# NFRA

NFRA may refer to:
* National Faster Rail Agency, a former Australian Government agency; absorbed into High Speed Rail Authority and Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts
* National Financial Regulatory Administration (China)
* National Federation of Republican Assemblies
* National Financial Reporting Authority of India
* National Frozen & Refrigerated Foods Association
# NFS

NFS may refer to:

## Organisations

* NFS (news service) (Nýja fréttastofan), a defunct Icelandic television news service
* National Film School, former name of the National Film and Television School, England
* National Financial Switch, bank network in India
* National Fire Service, the Second World War UK fire service
* National Flying Services, a defunct British aviation company
* Council of Nordic Trade Unions (Nordens Fackliga Samorganisation)
* National Forest System, created by the US Land Revision Act of 1891
** National Forest System, division of the 1905 formed United States Forest Service
* National Funding Scheme, UK charity fundraising organisation

## Technology

* Network File System, a distributed file system protocol
* Near-field scanner, scanning technology
* Number field sieve (disambiguation), algorithms for factoring integers

## Other uses

* Need for Speed, a series of racing video games
# Compressed data structure

The term compressed data structure arises in the computer science subfields of algorithms, data structures, and theoretical computer science. It refers to a data structure whose operations are roughly as fast as those of a conventional data structure for the problem, but whose size can be substantially smaller. The size of the compressed data structure is typically highly dependent upon the information entropy of the data being represented.
Important examples of compressed data structures include the compressed suffix array and the FM-index, both of which can represent an arbitrary text of characters T for pattern matching. Given any input pattern P, they support the operation of finding if and where P appears in T. The search time is proportional to the sum of the length of pattern P, a very slow-growing function of the length of the text T, and the number of reported matches. The space they occupy is roughly equal to the size of the text T in entropy-compressed form, such as that obtained by Prediction by Partial Matching or gzip. Moreover, both data structures are self-indexing, in that they can reconstruct the text T in a random access manner, and thus the underlying text T can be discarded. In other words, they simultaneously provide a compressed and quickly searchable representation of the text T. They represent a substantial space improvement over the conventional suffix tree and suffix array, which occupy many times more space than the size of T. They also support searching for arbitrary patterns, as opposed to the inverted index, which can support only word-based searches. In addition, inverted indexes do not have the self-indexing feature.
An important related notion is that of a succinct data structure, which uses space roughly equal to the information-theoretic minimum, which is a worst-case notion of the space needed to represent the data. In contrast, the size of a compressed data structure depends upon the particular data being represented. When the data are compressible, as is often the case in practice for natural language text, the compressed data structure can occupy space very close to the information-theoretic minimum, and significantly less space than most compression schemes.
# Conary

Conary may refer to:
* Conary (package manager), a package management system created by rPath
* Conaire or Conary, an Irish name
# Conasauga, McMinn County, Tennessee

Conasauga is an unincorporated community in McMinn County, Tennessee, United States.
# NGC 3550

NGC 3550 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on April 11, 1785, by William Herschel. It is one of the brightest galaxies of the Abell 1185 galaxy cluster.
# Consort Qing

Consort Qing may refer to:
* Imperial Noble Consort Qinggong (1724–1774), concubine of the Qianlong Emperor
* Consort Qing (Xianfeng) (1840–1885), concubine of the Xianfeng Emperor
# Consort Rong

Consort Rong may refer to:
* Consort Rong (Kangxi) (died 1727)
* Consort Rong (Qianlong) (1734–1788)
# Kalimanići

Kalimanići is a village in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 181 people.
# Kai Ueda

Kai Ueda (植田 海, Ueda Kai, born April 19, 1996) is a Japanese professional baseball infielder, playing for the Hanshin Tigers in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball.

## Early baseball career

Ueda started playing baseball in 2nd grade for the Kohnan Boys Baseball Club, where he alternated between pitcher and shortstop positions. It was only when he entered junior high that he decided to become a full-time shortstop.
He initially enrolled in the Japan Aviation High School in Yamanashi Prefecture, but decided to return to his hometown after a year. He transferred to Oumi High School where he secured the baseball team's shortstop position. In 2014, he helped his team make it all the way to the 96th Summer Koshien Tournament. Even though his team lost in the 3rd round, he recorded an impressive batting average of 0.571.

## Hanshin Tigers

Before he graduated high school, he became the Hanshin Tigers' 5th round pick during the 2014 Nippon Professional Baseball draft. He signed the deal with the Tigers for a 5 million annual salary, and a 30 million signing bonus. He was assigned the jersey number 62.
# Constantin Barbu

Constantin "Jean" Barbu (born 16 May 1971) is a Romanian retired professional footballer who played mainly as an attacking midfielder.

## Club career

Born in Galaţi, Galați County, Barbu started his professional career with Argeş Piteşti, helping it achieve promotion from the second division in 1994 while scoring 89 goals during his seven-season spell (safe for a short spell with South Korea's Suwon Samsung Bluewings).
Midway through 1998–99, Barbu signed with Rapid București, helping the capital club to the Liga I title with eight goals in only 11 matches. He was also crowned the competition's top scorer the previous campaign with 21 for Argeş Piteşti, despite missing several games due to his time in Asia.
For 1999–2000, Barbu moved to Spain and joined La Liga strugglers Numancia. He netted six times during that season, helping the Soria side barely avoid relegation. During his second year – which he finished with Rapid – he was joined by compatriot Laurenţiu Roşu.
Barbu retired in 2004 after spells with old team Argeş and Dacia Mioveni, the last in the second level. With Rapid, he appeared in two UEFA Champions League matches and scored once, adding six appearances in the UEFA Cup (four goals, for Piteşti).

## International career

Barbu won three caps for Romania, his first being on 6 September 1997 in an 8–1 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification away trouncing of Liechtenstein, in which he scored.
He also netted in his last, against Greece.

## Career statistics

Romania national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 1997 | 2 | 1 |
| 1998 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 3 | 2 |
    Scores and results list Romania's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Barbu goal.
List of international goals scored by Constantin Barbu :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| | 6 September 1997 | Sportpark, Eschen, Liechtenstein | Liechtenstein | 7–0 | 8–1 | 1998 World Cup qualification |
| | 8 April 1998 | Stadionul Steaua, Bucharest, Romania | Greece | 2–0 | 2–1 | Friendly |

## Personal life

Constantin Barbu is the father of footballer Cătălin Barbu who also started his career at FC Argeș Pitești.

## Honours

Dacia Pitești
* Divizia C: 1991–92
Argeș Pitești
* Divizia B: 1993–94
Rapid București
* Divizia A: 1998–99
* Cupa României runner-up: 1998–99
* Supercupa României: 1999
Individual
* Divizia A top scorer: 1997–98 (21 goals)
# Kagirinaki Zenshin

Kagirinaki Zenshin (限りなき前進, lit. "Limitless advance") is a 1937 Japanese drama film by Tomu Uchida based on an original idea by Yasujirō Ozu.

## Plot

The protagonist, Tokumaru, is laid off from his corporate job. Unable to accept this, he convinces himself that he has actually been promoted instead. He begins to show up at work, acting like an important man and embarrassing his family and former co-workers.

## Cast

* Isamu Kosugi
* Hisako Takihana
* Yukiko Todoroki
* Ureo Egawa

## Legacy

Dai-bosatsu tōge was screened in a surviving incomplete print of 74 minutes length in the Museum of Modern Art as part of a retrospective on Tomu Uchida in 2016.

## Awards

Kagirinaki Zenshin received the 1938 Kinema Junpo Award for Best Film.
# Conformational entropy

In chemical thermodynamics, conformational entropy is the entropy associated with the number of conformations of a molecule. The concept is most commonly applied to biological macromolecules such as proteins and RNA, but also be used for polysaccharides and other molecules. To calculate the conformational entropy, the possible conformations of the molecule may first be discretized into a finite number of states, usually characterized by unique combinations of certain structural parameters, each of which has been assigned an energy. In proteins, backbone dihedral angles and side chain rotamers are commonly used as parameters, and in RNA the base pairing pattern may be used. These characteristics are used to define the degrees of freedom (in the statistical mechanics sense of a possible "microstate"). The conformational entropy associated with a particular structure or state, such as an alpha-helix, a folded or an unfolded protein structure, is then dependent on the probability of the occupancy of that structure.
The entropy of heterogeneous random coil or denatured proteins is significantly higher than that of the tertiary structure of its folded native state. In particular, the conformational entropy of the amino acid side chains in a protein is thought to be a major contributor to the energetic stabilization of the denatured state and thus a barrier to protein folding. However, a recent study has shown that side-chain conformational entropy can stabilize native structures among alternative compact structures. The conformational entropy of RNA and proteins can be estimated; for example, empirical methods to estimate the loss of conformational entropy in a particular side chain on incorporation into a folded protein can roughly predict the effects of particular point mutations in a protein. Side-chain conformational entropies can be defined as Boltzmann sampling over all possible rotameric states:
    $S=-R\sum _{i}p_{i}\ln p_{i}$
where R is the gas constant and p$_i$ is the probability of a residue being in rotamer i.
The limited conformational range of proline residues lowers the conformational entropy of the denatured state and thus stabilizes the native states. A correlation has been observed between the thermostability of a protein and its proline residue content.
# Container revolution (pottery)

Container Revolution refers to the introduction of pottery to use as containers.
Regarding the Eastern Woodlands of North America during the Archaic period; as these societies became more sedentary, they were able to manufacture and use vessels that would have broken during transportation. Pots allowed for more efficient processing of wild seeds, which created less work for people when the pots were made waterproof. More-efficient seed collection systems and the deliberate manipulation of the native plants, in turn led to the domestication of several plant species. This is just one of many cultural developments that began during this time.
# Conghail

Conghail is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Fiach Mac Conghail (born 1964), Irish theatre director and politician
* Muiris Mac Conghail (1941–2019), Irish journalist, writer, broadcaster, poet, and film-maker
# Conghalach mac Laidhgnen ua Gadhra

Conghalach mac Laidhgnen ua Gadhra, King of Gailenga, died 993.
Conghalach was a son of Laidhgnen ua Gadhra, who was in turn a grandson of Gadhra, from whom the surname O'Gara derived.
# Kajikawa, Niigata

Kajikawa (加治川村, Kajikawa-mura) was a village located in Kitakanbara District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 7,190 and a density of 196.56 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 36.58 km$^2$.
On May 1, 2005, Kajikawa, along with the town of Shiunji (also from Kitakanbara District), was merged into the expanded city of Shibata.
# Kajikazawa in Kai Province

Kajikazawa in Kai Province (Japanese: 甲州石班澤, Hepburn: Kōshū Kajikazawa) is a woodblock print by the Japanese ukiyo-e artist Hokusai.
It was produced as one of the Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji series which was published from c. 1830 to 1832 in the late Edo period. The image is considered one of the masterpieces of the series, particularly in its early blue impression (aizuri-e).
Standing precariously upon a rocky outcrop, a man casts his fishing lines tied to cormorants into the violent Fuji River at Kajikazawa. Man and nature appear fused into one: The picture is full of movement, his tensed body mimics the motion of the waves below, and this curved shape is reflected in the rock on which he stands. The triangular shape made by the fishing lines also echoes that of Mount Fuji which is seen rising above.
The first impression employs the aizuri technique while later versions add different colours. The fisherman and son gain a red jacket, while the rocks are coloured with a gradated (bokashi) green-to-yellow wash. Some impressions add a streak of pink to the sky.
* Later impressions
# Nancy Bernkopf Tucker

Nancy Bernkopf Tucker (July 12, 1948 – December 1, 2012) was an American diplomat, writer and diplomatic historian of the Georgetown University, specializing in American-East Asian relations, particularly United States relations with China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. She had distinguished meritorious service as the first Assistant Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analytic Integrity and Standards and Analytic Ombudsman in the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, for which she was awarded the National Intelligence Medal of Achievement in 2007. She also served in the Department of State for several assignments including those in the Office of Chinese Affairs, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs and the U.S. Embassy Beijing.

## Early life and education

Born in New York City, Tucker earned a Bachelor of Arts at Hobart and William Smith Colleges in 1970, Certificate of the East Asian Institute and Master of Arts in Chinese history at Columbia University in 1973, a Master of Philosophy in American East Asian relations at Columbia University in 1976, and a Ph.D. in American East Asian relations at Columbia in 1980.

## Career

After earning her doctorate, Tucker was on Colgate University's faculty for seven years before she went to Georgetown University. She wrote several books, the first of which changed historians' views of how the Cold War originated in Asia. Additionally, she edited and contributed to other books and wrote articles and essays that appeared in academic journals.

## Personal life

Tucker was married to Warren Cohen, a historian. She died of cancer on December 1, 2012, aged 64, at her residence in Potomac, Maryland.

## Legacy

In February 2016, Columbia University Press announced creation of the Nancy Bernkopf Tucker and Warren I. Cohen Books on American East Asian Relations series in honor of Tucker and her husband. The series is designed "to publish high-quality, rigorously researched works in the academic fields in which Tucker was involved." Tucker donated money toward that goal before her death, and Cohen subsequently completed the plans.

## Published works

* Patterns in the Dust: Chinese-American Relations and the Recognition Controversy,1949-1950. New York.: Columbia University Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0231053624.
* Uncertain Friendships: Taiwan, Hong Kong and the United States: 1945-1992. Cambridge, Massachusetts.: Macmillan/Twayne. 1994. ISBN 978-0805792249.
* Strait Talk: US-Taiwan Relations and the Crisis with China. Cambridge, Massachusetts.: Harvard University Press. 2009. ISBN 9780674031876.
* The China Threat: Memories, Myths, and Realities in the 1950s. New York: Columbia University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-231-15924-1.
# NVIS

NVIS can refer to:
* Near Vertical Incidence Skywave
* Night Vision Imaging System
# NVI

NVI or nvi may refer to:

## Transportation

* Avial NV (ICAO code), a former airline
* Navoiy Airport (IATA code), in Uzbekistan
* Nationale Vliegtuig Industrie (National Aircraft Industry), a Dutch aircraft manufacturer, see Frederick Koolhoven

## Computing

* nvi, a text editor
* Non-virtual interface pattern, a computer software design pattern

## Other uses

* No value indicator, a non-denominated postage stamp
* Negative volume index, a financial analysis method
* Nueva Versión Internacional, a Spanish language version of the New International Version of the Bible
# Cookin' on all Burners

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Cookin' on all Burners is an album by American jazz guitarist Tal Farlow, released in 1983. The album featured a rhythm section including former Jazz Messenger pianist James Williams, and drummer Vinnie Johnson, who had played in the 1970s with T-Bone Walker and would later join Lester Bowie's Brass Fantasy.

## Track listing

* "You'd Be So Nice to Come Home To" (Cole Porter) – 3:29
* "If I Should Lose You" (Ralph Rainger, Leo Robin) – 5:00
* "I Wished on the Moon" (Rainger, Dorothy Parker) – 5:23
* "I've Got the World on a String" (Harold Arlen, Ted Koehler) – 6:23
* "Love Letters" (Victor Young, Edward Heyman) – 3:58
* "Why Shouldn't I?" (Porter) – 3:09
* "Lullaby of the Leaves" (Bernice Petkere, Joe Young) – 5:40
* "Just Friends" (John Klenner, Sam M. Lewis) – 3:49
* "I Thought About You" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Mercer) – 4:21

## Personnel

* Tal Farlow – guitar
* James Williams – piano
* Gary Mazzaroppi – bass
* Vinnie Johnson – drums
Production notes:
* Carl Jefferson – producer
* Ed Trabanco – engineer
* Marie Ostrosky – assistant engineer
* Phil Edwards – engineer
* George Horn – remastering
* Kent Judkins – art direction
* Bruce Burr – photography
* Gordon Raddue – liner notes
* Kathleen Vance – production coordination
* Robert Walston – art direction