OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Privies of Wales

Privies of Wales is a nonfiction book by J. Aelwyn Roberts, a former vicar of Llandegai. The book traces a history of human sanitation and examines individual examples of Welsh garden privies. The research for the book was paid for by a grant from Cadw.

## Summary

The first half of the book presents a brief history of human sanitation disposal starting from the digging of small holes to the “earth closet”; the “privy pioneers” of the Minoans, Romans, and Normans; and information about cesspits. The second half examines multiple examples of Welsh privies, how they were constructed, and how they were used. Roberts also writes about industrial privies, public privies, and the restoration of old privies.

## Development history

In 1998 Nicholas Battle, publisher of Countryside Books, asked Roberts to write a book on “The Privies of North Wales.” Although Roberts initially did not want to write such a book, Battle was able to persuade him. The author recalls:
   [Nicholas Battle] went on to tell me he was virtually giving me the opportunity to write a book that would be read by generations to come. He was inviting me to write a classic. He suggested that I could be to Welsh Privies what George Borrow is to Wales. He elaborated that if I wrote a book on the privies of North Wales for his publishing firm no other publishing firm in the country would touch the subject for another twenty years. And in twenty years, he said, “there will be no privies in North Wales for anyone to write about”. I am a vain person. I have always wanted to be the author of a classic. The book was written and very well received.
Roberts was contacted by friends in south and mid-Wales about how they also had endangered privies but no way of "keeping them in remembrance." Roberts wrote to Cadw, the Welsh heritage service of the Welsh Assembly Government, to warn them of the "great catastrophe that was befalling [Wales]" with the loss of garden privies. Cadw offered a research grant to create the book on Welsh privies.

### Publication history

* 2000, Wales, Tegai Publications ISBN 978-0-9539494-0-3, Paperback
# Nicholas Averie

Nicholas Averie was an Irish Anglican priest in the late 16th and early 17th centuries:
Averie was Chancellor of Limerick Cathedral from 1591 to 1606; and Archdeacon of Ardfert from 1615 to 1621.
# Cypridodella

Cypridodella is an extinct genus of conodonts.
The Alaunian, a sub-age also known as "Middle Norian", in the Upper Triassic, begins with the first appearance of the ammonites Drepanites rutherfordi and Cyrtopleuritis bicrenatus and with the conodont Cypridodella multidentata. The stage ends with the first appearance of the ammonites Gnomohalorites cordilleranus and Sagenites quinquepunctatus and the conodont Cypridodella bidentata.
# No Man's Land (1985 film)

No Man's Land is a 1985 film directed, written and co-produced by Alain Tanner, about smuggling on the French-Swiss border.

## Plot

Jean (Jean-Philippe Écoffey), a young Swiss whose watchmaking skills no longer prove useful in the real world, dawdles his time away either in his parents' farm or in Lucie's restaurant-bar. He sleeps with Lucie (Marie-Luce Felber) but doesn't love her, as he becomes smitten with an insecure Algerian woman (Betty Berr) who travels between France and Switzerland daily for work. Meanwhile, Paul (Hugues Quester), a mechanic in his father's automobile shop with dreams of immigrating to Canada, periodically smuggles items across the border to make money, and gets Jean to help him out on occasions. Gradually, the police begin to frequent the nightclub run by Paul's lover Madeleine (Myriam Mézières [fr]) to inquire about his whereabouts. Paul gets an offer to smuggle a large amount of gold, and knowing the police are hot on his trail, decides to take the risk "for the last time" along with a hesitant Jean.

## Review

Vincent Caby of the New York Times wrote that the film is "completely humorless and cold, memorable only for their picturesque landscapes and cloud formations."

## Awards and nominations

The film was nominated for the Golden Lion at the 1985 42nd Venice International Film Festival.
# Incline Top railway station

Incline Top railway station, later Top of the Incline was a short-lived early railway station on the Taff Vale Railway in South Wales, located at Penlocks, Treharris.
The station was on the original section of the line between Abercynon and Quakers Yard, which was to the left of the present-day line. The eponymous Incline was a steep gradient of 1 in 22, and trains required a stationary winding engine (installed by Brunel) to surmount it. The station was accessible only by a steep flight of steps leading to the bottom of a deep cutting in the incline. The station's life was brief and it closed after 12 years. The original line was eventually abandoned completely and replaced in 1864.
After the station closed, it was left to decay until being largely destroyed by a violent cyclone on 27 October 1913, a storm, which caused considerable damage across the district, including destroying the spire of St. Mary's Church, Glyntaff. The site of the station is now overgrown with trees and is not easily noticeable.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Abercynon Line & station open | Taff Vale Railway | Quakers Yard Line & station open |
# Pterolophia adachii

Pterolophia adachii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Masao Hayashi in 1983.
# Jan Styrna

Jan Styrna (25 January 1941 – 28 September 2022) was a Polish Roman Catholic prelate.
Styrna was born in Poland and was ordained to the priesthood in 1965. He served as titular bishop of Aquipendium and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarnów, Poland, from 1991 to 2001 and as the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Elblag, Poland, from 2003 until his resignation in 2013.
# List of Florida Gulf Coast Eagles men's basketball head coaches

The following is a list of Florida Gulf Coast Eagles men's basketball head coaches. There have been five head coaches of the Eagles in their 21-season history.
Florida Gulf Coast's current head coach is Pat Chambers. He was hired as the Eagles' head coach in March 2022, replacing Michael Fly, who was fired after the 2021–22 season.
| No. | Tenure | Coach | Years | Record | Pct. |
| 1 | 2002–2011 | Dave Balza | 9 | 149–125 | .544 |
| 2 | 2011–2013 | Andy Enfield | 2 | 41–28 | .594 |
| 3 | 2013–2018 | Joe Dooley | 5 | 114–59 | .659 |
| 4 | 2018–2022 | Michael Fly | 4 | 56–60 | .483 |
| 5 | 2022–present | Pat Chambers | 1 | 17–15 | .531 |
| Totals | Totals | 5 coaches | 21 seasons | 377–287 | .568 |
| Records updated through end of 2022–23 season Source ||||||
# Letts

Letts may refer to:

## People

* Arthur Letts (1862–1923), American businessman, developer of Holmby Hills, Los Angeles, California
* Barry Letts (1925–2009), British actor, television director, producer
* Billie Letts (née Gipson; 1938–2014), American novelist and educator
* David Vanian (born David Letts, 1956), English punk rock musician
* Dennis Letts (1934–2008), American college professor and actor
* Don Letts (born 1956), British film director and musician
* E. A. Letts (1852–1918), English chemist
* Elizabeth Letts (born 1961), American author
* F. Dickinson Letts (1875–1965), American politician and judge
* Goff Letts (1928–2023), Australian politician
* John Letts, multiple persons
* Judge Letts, multiple persons
* Ken Letts, Archdeacon of France from 2007 to 2012
* Michael Letts (born 1985), Australian–Filipino rugby union player
* Quentin Letts (born 1963), British journalist
* Richard Letts (born 1935), music advocate and administrator
* Rose West (née Letts; born 1953), English serial killer
* Tracy Letts (born 1965), American playwright and actor
* Winifred Mary Letts (1882–1972), English-born writer, with Irish connections

## Places

* Camp Letts, co-educational summer residence camp and conference center, Maryland
* Letts Valley, California
* Letts, Indiana, United States
* Letts, Iowa, United States

## Other uses

* Letts, obsolete for "Latvians", the indigenous people of Latvia
* Letts nitrile synthesis, chemical reaction
# Crystalloid

Crystalloid may refer to:
* A substance that, when dissolved, forms a true solution and is able to pass through a semipermeable membrane. They get separated from colloids during dialysis.
* Crystalloid solution, a type of volume expander
# Privilege (Ivor Cutler album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Privilege is an album by Ivor Cutler, originally released in 1983 on Rough Trade Records. It was produced by David Toop and Steve Beresford, both of whom are better known for their work in improvisational music and, unlike Cutler's 1970s recordings, it sees Cutler's vocals accompanied by a wide range of musical instruments including keyboards, banjo, euphonium and alto flute. The LP is co-credited to Linda Hirst, who recites a number of poems and provides vocals on some of the tracks. The closing track, "Women of the World", was released as a single and became a minor hit on the UK Indie Chart. It has since been covered by Jim O'Rourke, on his 1999 album Eureka, and YACHT, on their 2007 album I Believe In You. Your Magic Is Real.
The album was re-released on CD in 2009 by Hoorgi House Records.

## Track listing

    (all tracks written by Ivor Cutler)

### Side one

* "Sit Down"
* "Use a Brick"
* "Home Is the Sailor"
* "For Practice"
* "A Doughnut in My Hand"
* "Fair's Fair"
* "Killer Bee (Jungle Tip)"
* "Whale Badge"
* "Blue Bear"
* "Creamy Pumpkins"
* "Counting Song"
* "My Darling"
* "Life in a Scotch Sitting Room Vol.2 (Episode 15)"
* "Mostly Tins"
* "Tomato Brain"
* "Bad Eye"
* "Silent 'S'"
* "Halfway Through"
* "Look at the Moon"

### Side two

* "Old Black Dog"
* "The Gathering Doubt"
* "Pussy on the Mat"
* "Large & Puffy"
* "People Run to the Edge"
* "Country Door"
* "Piranhas (Jungle Tip)"
* "Brenda"
* "I Love You But I Don't Know What I Mean"
* "Breathing Regularly"
* "Life in a Scotch Sitting Room Vol.2 (Episode 16)"
* "Full of Goods"
* "Ok, I'll Count to 8"
* "Secret Drinker"
* "Pass the Ball Jim (for John Peel)"
* "Over You Go"
* "Step It Out Lively, Boys"
* "Uncut Moquette"
* "Women of the World"
# Menzel

Menzel may refer to:

## People

Menzel is a surname of German origin. It can also be a transliteration of the Yiddish surname " מענטזעל "- a variant of the German surname.
* Adolph Menzel (1815–1905), German artist
* Christian Menzel (born 1971), German racecar driver
* Daniel Menzel (born 1991), Australian footballer
* Donald Howard Menzel (1901–1976), U.S. astronomer
* Emil Wolfgang Menzel, Jr. (1929–2012), U.S. primatologist
* Gerhard Menzel (1894–1966), German screenwriter
* Idina Menzel (née Mentzel; born 1971), U.S. actress, singer, and songwriter
* Jiří Menzel (1938–2020), Czech director
* Joachim Menzel (1914–2005), German military officer
* Josef Joachim Menzel (1933-2020), German historian
* Herman Menzel (1904–1988), American artist
* Max Menzel (born 1941), Australian politician
* Paul Julius Menzel (1864–1927), German physician and paleobotanist
* Paul Menzel (born ?), U.S. actor, writer, and producer
* Peter Menzel (born 1948), U.S. photojournalist
* Robert Menzel (born 1991), Polish footballer
* Roderich Menzel (1907–1987), Czechoslovakian and German tennis player
* Rudolphina Menzel (1891–1973), Austrian cynologist and animal behaviorist
* Tim Menzel (born 1992), German rugby player
* Troy Menzel (born 1994), Australian footballer
* Wolfgang Menzel (1798–1873), German poet

## Places

* Cape Menzel, on Thurston Island in Antarctica; named for geologist Reinhard W. Menzel
Menzel is also the transliteration of Arabic word into the Latin alphabet which means "House" or "House of ---" (e.g. "Menzel Bourguiba" means "House of Bourguiba"). Many such place names exist, especially in Tunisia, but also Morocco.

   ### Morocco

* El Menzel

   ### Tunisia

* Menzel Abderrahmane
* Menzel Bourguiba
* Menzel Bouzaiane
* Menzel Bouzelfa
* Menzel Chaker
* Menzel Ennour
* Menzel Farsi
* Menzel Hayet
* Menzel Horr
* Menzel Jemil
* Menzel Kamel
* Menzel Mehiri
* Menzel Salem
* Menzel Temime

## Other

* Menzel (crater), a lunar crater named for Donald Howard Menzel
* Menzel 3, a young bipolar planetary nebula named for Donald Howard Menzel
* 1967 Menzel, an asteroid named for Donald Howard Menzel
* Menzel (Djerba), a Tunisian housing type
# Cyprichromis leptosoma

Cyprichromis leptosoma is a mouthbrooding species of fish in the family Cichlidae. It is endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Zambia and Tanzania. It seems quite common within its range and faces no particular threats, so the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of least concern.

## Description

It is a streamlined fish with a silvery to blue body color. It grows to about 3 in (8 cm) in length. The males have either yellow or blue tails. The mouth is protrusible and forms a suction tube which is used for sucking in pelagic zooplankton.

## Ecology

C. leptosoma, like other fish in its genus, has an unusual breeding strategy. Males form a three-dimensional lek in mid-water. Females decide which males they want to mate with. If a female chooses to mate with a particular male, they will release an egg, which the male fertilizes in midwater. The female catches the egg in her mouth without the egg hitting the ground. The female protects and broods the eggs in her mouth until the fry hatch and are able to swim on their own. This takes about three weeks. At that point, the female releases the eggs into a rocky area for the fry's protection, and leaves them there on their own.
C. leptosoma is a schooling species that lives in deep water. It is subject to several predators within Lake Tanganyika. The most prominent is Cyphotilapia frontosa, which lives in deep water most of the time, but comes up to feed on C. leptosoma primarily at dawn.

## Distribution

C. leptosoma is endemic to Lake Tanganyika from the southern part in Zambia and along the eastern shoreline into Tanzania.
# Reed–Jenkins Act

The Reed–Jenkins Act was a statute enacted on May 29, 1928, during the 70th United States Congress. It repealed previous laws that provided federal funds for Americanization programs supporting Native American schools, educational experimentation agencies, and Native agency farms. The law was sponsored by Senator David A. Reed (Republican) of Pennsylvania and Representative Thomas A. Jenkins (Republican) of Ohio.
# Phenol–chloroform extraction

Phenol–chloroform extraction is a liquid-liquid extraction technique in molecular biology used to separate nucleic acids from proteins and lipids.

## Process

Aqueous samples, lysed cells, or homogenised tissue are mixed with equal volumes of a phenol:chloroform mixture. This mixture is then centrifuged. Because the phenol:chloroform mixture is immiscible with water, the centrifuge will cause two distinct phases to form: an upper aqueous phase, and a lower organic phase. The aqueous phase rises to the top because it is less dense than the organic phase containing the phenol:chloroform. This difference in density is why phenol, which only has a slightly higher density than water, must be mixed with chloroform to form a mixture with a much higher density than water.
The hydrophobic lipids will partition into the lower organic phase, and the proteins will remain at the interphase between the two phases, while the nucleic acids (as well as other contaminants such as salts, sugars, etc.) remain in the upper aqueous phase. The upper aqueous phase can then be pipetted off. Care must be taken to avoid pipetting any of the organic phase or material at the interface. This procedure is often performed multiple times to increase the purity of the DNA. This procedure yields large double stranded DNA that can be used in PCR or RFLP.
If the mixture is acidic, DNA will precipitate into the organic phase while RNA remains in the aqueous phase. This is because DNA is more readily neutralized than RNA.
There are some disadvantages of this technique in forensic use. It is time-consuming and uses hazardous reagents. Also, because it is a two-step process involving transfer of reagents between tubes, it is at a greater risk of contamination.
# Man'ish Boy (A Raw & Beautiful Thing)

Man'ish Boy (A Raw & Beautiful Thing) is the debut album by American jazz saxophonist Darius Jones, which was recorded in 2009 and released on the AUM Fidelity label. The cover art is a three-piece commission by Randal Wilcox entitled Portrait of a Man'ish Boy.

## Background

The record features his trio with pianist Cooper-Moore and drummer Rakalam Bob Moses, and reflects his early childhood growing up in the South. His experiences in church, particularly hearing gospel choirs were a deep inspiration for this project. Jones first met Moses at a performance while still in Virginia and joined forces with Cooper-Moore, a fellow Virginian, after moving to New York. Cooper-Moore was asked specifically to also play diddley bow, a one-wire stringed instrument with roots in the deep south via Africa. The album's bonus track features a 2008 live performance by Jones' regular working trio with bassists Adam Lane and drummer Jason Nazary.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
In his review for AllMusic, François Couture states "Darius Jones' recording debut as a leader turned out to be one of the jazz highlights of 2009. This sets the bar pretty high for the young saxophonist's next move."
The All About Jazz review by Troy Collins says "A phenomenal debut, Man'ish Boy (A Raw & Beautiful Thing) presents the singular artistry of Darius Jones; a new voice poised to receive widespread acclaim from the jazz underground."
In another review for All About Jazz, John Sharpe notes that "Jones has a talent for penning intensely emotional themes, which provide a fertile launching pad for his vibrato-laden alto preaching. Whether hollering in a multiphonic falsetto or punctuating his keening cries with gutbucket blasts, the saxophonist exudes complete authority."
The Point of Departure review by Ed Hazell describes the album as "one of the most impressive debuts in recent memory" and says "Amazingly, there’s little sense of two veterans supporting a younger, less experienced player. They sound like a trio of peers, which bodes well for this exciting new voice in the free jazz tradition."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Darius Jones except as indicated
* "Roosevelt" –1:14
* "Cry Out" – 7:03
* "We Are Unicorns" (Jones/Cooper-Moore) – 4:04
* "Meekness" – 5:32
* "Salty" (Jones/Cooper-Moore/Rakalam) – 2:51
* "Chasing the Ghost" – 9:44
* "Big Train Rollin'" (Jones/Rakalam) – 5:28
* "Forgive Me" – 5:48
Bonus track
* "Chaych" - 10:15
    Recorded live at Roulette, New York City on August 6, 2008

## Personnel

* Darius Jones - alto sax
* Cooper-Moore – piano, diddley bow
* Rakalam Bob Moses – drums
Bonus track
* Darius Jones - alto sax
* Adam Lane – bass
* Jason Nazary – drums
# Milton House (Melbourne)

Milton House is a historic building located at 21–25 Flinders Lane, Melbourne, Australia.
It was built in 1901 as a private hospital for the eminent Melbourne surgeon, William Moore, who was the first master of surgery graduate of the University of Melbourne. Its location on a street that was originally largely warehouses was likely linked to the concentration of medical professionals at the top end of Collins Street nearby. Later it became a rooming house, then in 1950 reverted to a medical use as an X-ray facility run by the Victorian Health Commission as part of the postwar campaign to fight tuberculosis. It later became government offices, then private offices.
It is significant for its architectural features, a broadly Georgian composition with a Romanesque arch, and especially the detailing in the Art Nouveau style. The architects were listed as Sydney Smith & Ogg, but it is thought that architect Robert Joseph Haddon (1866–1929) was responsible for the Art Nouveau decorative elements such as the ornamental terracotta band, the sinuous entrance arch, and the wrought-iron work within the arch, and the door.
It is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register.
In 2022, an office tower was proposed that would occupying the small plaza next door, and partly overhang Milton House.
# Dystasia grisescens

Dystasia grisescens is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1954.
# Proctacanthus fulviventris

Proctacanthus fulviventris is a species of robber flies (insects in the family Asilidae).
# Crotonogynopsis

Crotonogynopsis is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1899. It is native to tropical Africa.

## Species

* Crotonogynopsis akeassii J.Léonard - Ivory Coast, Ghana
* Crotonogynopsis usambarica Pax - Cameroon, Zaïre, Uganda, Tanzania, Mozambique
# Michael Warren (anthropologist)

Michael W. Warren is an American associate professor emeritus and forensic anthropologist, at the University of Florida. He formerly served as the William H. Garmany Term Professor of Human Rights & Social Justice in the Department of Anthropology, and as Assistant Director of the William R. Maples Center for Forensic Medicine. Warren is a retired diplomate of the American Board of Forensic Anthropology. He was a board member of the Scientific Working Group for Forensic Anthropology (SWGANTH). He also served as a member of the Forensic Advisory Board of the International Committee for the Red Cross. From 2009 until his retirement, Warren was the director of the C.A. Pound Human Identification Laboratory, the University of Florida's forensic anthropology laboratory. The C.A. Pound Laboratory performs analyses of skeletal remains for many of the 24 medical examiner districts in the State of Florida.

## Background

A student of William Maples at the University of Florida, Warren contributed to casework at the C.A. Pound Laboratory for over 26 years, conducting analyses of over 1000 skeletal remains. He has also assisted with personal identification in mass disasters, and helped to identify and document war crimes against the victims of genocide in Bosnia, Serbia and Kosovo. In 2011, he testified in the trial of Casey Anthony regarding the death of Caylee Anthony.

## Research and publications

He is an author of the introductory textbook Bare Bones: A Survey of Forensic Anthropology (along with co-authors Nicolette M. Parr, Katie Skorpinski, and Carlos Zambrano). He is an editor of The Forensic Anthropology Laboratory, a volume that includes contributions from Thomas D. Holland, Richard L. Jantz, and other prominent forensic anthropologists (Heather A. Walsh-Heaney and Laurel E. Freas are the volume's other editors). Warren has published over 70 research articles and abstracts in peer-reviewed forensic journals such as the Journal of Forensic Sciences and Forensic Science International. His research interests include human variation, trauma analysis, the effects of cremation on human remains.
# Menz Mam Midir

Menz Mama Midir (Amharic: መንዝ ማማ ምድር) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the district of the former province of Menz, Mama Meder. Located at the eastern edge of the Ethiopian highlands in the Semien Shewa Zone, Menz Mam Midir is bordered on the south by Mojana Wadera, on the west by Menz Lalo Midir, on the north by Menz Gera Midir, on the northeast by Efratana Gidim, on the east by Kewet, and on the southeast by Termaber. The administrative center of this woreda is Molale. Menz Mam Midir was part of the erstwhile Mam Midrina Lalo Midir woreda.

## Demographics

Based on the 2007 national census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this woreda has a total population of 85,129, of whom 42,102 are men and 43,027 women; 6,513 or 7.65% are urban inhabitants. The majority of the inhabitants practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 99.67% reporting that as their religion.
# Harutaeographa rama

Harutaeographa rama is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Pakistan (Jammu and Kashmir).