OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jiangyang, Luzhou

Jiangyang District (simplified Chinese: 江阳区; traditional Chinese: 江陽區; pinyin: Jiāngyáng Qū) is the central urban district of the city of Luzhou, in the Sichuan province of China.

## History

The district, as the main part of the old city, has a history of 2100 years. With the expansion of the city, the district became a county-level district of the greater Luzhou city in 1996.

## Administrative divisions

Jiangyang District administers 9 subdistricts and 6 towns:
* Nancheng Subdistrict (南城街道)
* Beicheng Subdistrict (北城街道)
* Dashanping Subdistrict (大山坪街道)
* Linyu Subdistrict (邻玉街道)
* Lantian Subdistrict (蓝田街道)
* Qiancao Subdistrict (茜草街道)
* Huayang Subdistrict (华阳街道)
* Tai'an Subdistrict (泰安街道)
* Kuangchang Subdistrict (况场街道)
* Huangyi Town (黄舣镇)
* Tongtan Town (通滩镇)
* Jiangbei Town (江北镇)
* Fangshan Town (方山镇)
* Danlin Town (丹林镇)
* Fenshuiling Town (分水岭镇)
# Parceria dos Viajantes

Parceria dos Viajantes is the eighteenth album by Brazilian solo artist Zé Ramalho. It was released in 2007. the album features several famous Brazilian artists, like Zélia Duncan, Daniela Mercury and Pitty, as well as American singer-songwriter Alana Marie.

## Personnel

* Zé Ramalho – Acoustic guitar and lead vocals on all tracks, arrangement on tracks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, keyboards on track 1, twelve-string viola on track 2, harmonica on track 2
* Robertinho de Recife – Arrangement on all tracks except for 9, electric guitar on tracks 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, ukulele on track 1, slide guitar on track 2, sound effects on track 2, bass guitar on tracks 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, keyboards on track 7, sitar on track 10, Portuguese guitar on track 10
* Paulo Ricardo – Bass guitar on tracks 1, 2, 5
* Chico Guedes – Bass guitar on tracks 4, 11
* João Barone – Drums on tracks 1, 3, 5, 6, 7
* Marcelo Bonfá – Drums on track 2
* Edu Constant – Drums on tracks 4, 11
* Marcos Bolais – Keyboards on track 5
* Dodô de Moraes – Accordion on track 1, organ on track 1, keyboards on tracks 4, 6, 8
* Zé Gomes – Percussion on tracks 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11
* Marcos Suzano – Percussion on track 10
* Jeferson Victor – Trumpet on track 1, 3
* Bidu Cordeiro – Trumpet on track 3
* Monteiro Jr. – Tenor saxophone on track 3
* Toti Cavalcanti – Bassoon on track 4, trumpet on track 8
* Roberta de Recife – Choir on tracks 5, 11, vocalise on track 7
* Zita, Diva, Edite, Francisco José, Mariana – Choir on track 5
* João Ramalho and Erika Valente – Choir on track 11
* Franco Sattamini – Arrangement and all other instruments (except for acoustic guitar and bass guitar) on track 9
# Kon Dơng

Kon Dơng is a township (thị trấn) and capital of Mang Yang District, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam.
# Close House, County Durham

Close House is a village in County Durham, in England. It is situated a short distance to the north of Shildon, near to Eldon and Coundon Grange. In the 2001 census Close House had a population of 296.
The famed Gilbert and Sullivan star John Reed was born here in 1916.
# Celalettin

Celalettin is a Turkish masculine given name.

## List of people with the name

* Celalettin Arif (1875–1928), Turkish politician
* Celalettin Güvenç (born 1959), Turkish politician
* Celalettin Muhtar Ozden (1865–1947), Turkish dermatologist
* Mustafa Celalettin Pasha (1826–1876), Ottoman-Polish strategist, writer, and military official
# Perrierodendron quartzitorum

Perrierodendron quartzitorum is a plant in the family Sarcolaenaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar.

## Description

Perrierodendron quartzitorum grows as a shrub or small tree up to 6 metres (20 ft) tall. Its chartaceous to subcoriaceous leaves are obovate to elliptical in shape. They are coloured dark green above, pale green below and measure up to 4 cm (2 in) long. The inflorescences bear one to three flowers, each with five sepals and five white petals. The orange fruits are conical and measure up to 2.5 cm (1 in) long.

## Distribution and habitat

Perrierodendron quartzitorum is found only in a single location in the Itremo Massif in the central region of Amoron'i Mania. The estimated area of occupancy is 45 km$^2$ (17 sq mi). Its habitat is rocky areas and woodlands at about 1,000–2,000 m (3,300–6,600 ft) altitude.

## Threats

Perrierodendron quartzitorum is threatened by nomadic animal grazing and seasonal uncontrolled wildfires. The species population is decreasing. Formerly, there were subpopulations in Isalo and Zombitse-Vohibasia National Parks, but, as of the IUCN species assessment in 2015, there are no longer any subpopulations in protected areas.
# Maevatanana (district)

Maevatanana is a district of Betsiboka in Madagascar.

## Communes

The district is further divided into 20 communes:
* Ambalajia
* Ambalanjanakomby
* Ambodimanga
* Andriba
* Antanimbary
* Antsiafabositra
* Beanana, Maevatanana
* Bemokotra
* Beratsimanana
* Berivotra
* Madiromirafy
* Maevatanana
* Maevatanana II
* Mahatsinjo
* Mahazoma
* Mangabe
* Maria
* Marokoro
* Morafeno
* Tsararano

## Mining

There are important gold mining operations in the district of Maevatanana where 20 kg of gold are extracted weekly. Particularly the Kamoro River is rich in gold, several dozens of kilogramm are extracted every month in Marokoro.

## Rivers

* Kamoro River
# Lake Stella

Lake Stella is a 314-acre (127 ha) lake that is located in Alger County, Michigan in the Hiawatha National Forest. Other nearby lakes include Round Lake, Stoner Lake, West Branch Lake, Hugaboom Lake, Blue Lake, Ironjaw Lake, Ostrande Lake, Corner-Straits Chain and Toms Lake.
# Mithuawa

Mithuawa is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2536 people living in 470 individual households.
# Parc-llyn

Parc-llyn (also known as Parcllyn) is a village in the community of Aberporth, Ceredigion, Wales, which is 74.4 miles (119.7 km) from Cardiff and 194.2 miles (312.5 km) from London. Parc-llyn is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and the Member of Parliament is Ben Lake (Plaid Cymru).
# Natal, Virginia

Natal is an unincorporated community in Pittsylvania County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.
# Close II You

Close II You was a Dutch girl group founded in 1996. It was then disbanded in 2001 and reformed from 2011 to 2013.

## History

The group was created through 1996 auditions, by the producers Eeg van Kruysdijk and Ed van Otterdijk. In August of that year, Natascha Scheffers, Sascha Koninkx, Nadja Nooijen, Arlice Beeldsnijder, and Marsha van de Berg were brought together as the original line-up and had their first hit with single "Nice & Nasty". After their first single, Arlice left the group and was replaced by Sally Flissinger (of Hermes House Band).
The girls had their biggest hit at the end of 1997 with the single "Baby Don’t Go". The success of the group took its toll and Koninkx left the group at the end of 1998, officially "because of health related issues". The group continued with the remaining four. Although only moderately successful afterwards, they continued to perform.
In May 2000, van de Berg left the group, after which Koninkx was asked to return. But only four months after the switch, Flissinger decided to leave. No replacement was found for her, and in 2001, Close II You was disbanded. Scheffers, Koninkx and Nooijen continued under the name Girls Together Outrageously (GTO). They released their only single, "I’ll be Around", which had no success. In October 2003 the girls finally disbanded.

## Members

* Member
* Arlice Beeldsnijder (1996–97)
* Nadja Nooijen (1996–2003)
* Natascha Scheffers (1996–2003, 2009–13)
* Sascha Koninkx (1996–98, 2000–03, 2009–13)
* Marsha van de Berg (1996–2000, 2009–13)
* Sally Flissinger (1997–2000, 2009–13)
* Kelly ter Horst (1998–1999)

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Album details | Peak | Certifications (sales threshold) |
| Title | Album details | NL | Certifications (sales threshold) |
| Closer | Release date: 29 April 1998 Label: Piapella Format: CD | 6 | NL: Gold |

### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions and certifications, showing year released and album name :
| Single | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album |
| Single | Year | NL | BE | Certifications | Album |
| "Nice & Nasty" | 1997 | 35 | — | | Closer |
| "Baby Don't Go" | 1998 | 4 | 39 | NL: Gold | Closer |
| "Somebody" | 1998 | 14 | — | | Closer |
| "Hold Me Now" | 1998 | 46 | — | | Closer |
| "Friends" | 1998 | 26 | — | | Closer |
| "Fuel to my Fire" | 2011 | 34 | — | | |
| "—" denotes a single that did not chart or was not released. ||||||
# Garden City High School

Garden City High School may refer to:
* Garden City High School (Kansas)
* Garden City High School (Michigan)
* Garden City High School (New York)
* Garden City High School (Texas)
# Manar Dam

Manar Dam, is an earthfill dam on the Manar River at village Warwant near Barul Tal.Kandhar, Nanded district in the state of Maharashtra in India.
Manar Project is situated at village Barul which is, 51.92 km (32.26 mi) distant from the district headquarters. An approach road of 25.76 km (16.01 mi) in length has been constructed from Soankhed on Nanded-Latur road connecting the dam site.
The earthen dam has been put across the Manar. The maximum height of the dam is 26.84 metres (88.1 feet) and the length is 1,859.28 metres (6,100.0 feet).
The left bank canal is 72.420 km (45.000 mi) in length with carrying capacity of 590 cusecs. The right bank canal, with a carrying capacity of 42 cusecs is, 19.312 km (12.000 mi) in length. The waste weir on the right bank has a total length of 731.52 metres (2,400.0 feet). The project will facilitate irrigation of 26,708.88 hectares (65,999.1 acres) of land. The construction work was started in 1960 and was scheduled to be completed in two phases by the end of the Third Five-Year Plan at an estimated cost of Rs. 5,26,69,400.

## Specifications

The height of the dam above lowest foundation is 27 m (89 ft) while the length is 2,592 m (8,504 ft). The volume content is 1,557 km$^3$ (374 cu mi) and gross storage capacity is 139,000.00 km$^3$ (33,347.87 cu mi).

## Purpose

* Irrigation
* Small scale fishing
# Madan Kalita

Madan Kalita (1952 - 2022) was an Indian politician hailing from Nalbari, Assam. Kalita was elected as a legislator of the Assam Legislative Assembly from Nalbari Assembly constituency in 2001.
Kalita was denied as a candidate by the Indian National Congress in 2006, and contested in Assam assembly elections in 2006 and 2011 but lost to opponent candidate.
Kalita died on 21 January 2022 following a cardiac arrest.
# Lake Stay Township, Lincoln County, Minnesota

Lake Stay Township is a township in Lincoln County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 143 at the 2000 census.
This township took its name from Lake Stay.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.6 square miles (92 km$^2$), of which 35.0 square miles (91 km$^2$) is land and 0.6 square miles (1.6 km$^2$) (1.71%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 143 people, 58 households, and 46 families residing in the township. The population density was 4.1 inhabitants per square mile (1.6/km$^2$). There were 62 housing units at an average density of 1.8 per square mile (0.69/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 100.00% White.
There were 58 households, out of which 24.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.4% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.0% were non-families. 17.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.72.
In the township the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 34.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.6 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $39,688, and the median income for a family was $41,875. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the township was $26,657. There were 5.7% of families and 8.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 19.4% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# MS Borgestad

MS Borgestad was a Norwegian diesel-powered cargo ship, built at Burmeister & Wain, Copenhagen in 1925. The vessel is known for having engaged the German heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper to protect a convoy, where many of the vessels managed to escape thanks to her actions. Borgestad was sunk in early 1941 and all 31 people on board perished. Captain Lars Grotnæss was awarded the War Cross, post mortem.

## Encounter with Admiral Hipper

Borgestad's encounter in the Atlantic with Admiral Hipper in 30 January 1941 was reported in Norwegian newspapers as early as May 1945, including Agderposten.
The ship was travelling east across the Atlantic towards England and the convoy's destination, Liverpool. The convoy was without a military escort and Borgestad was in the front line of the convoy. Borgestad was armed with a single gun, which was manned. The ship headed straight for the German cruiser and fired relentlessly, even though they knew that the target could not be reached with a small anti-submarine gun.
Captain Lars Grotnes's maneuver gave the other ships in the convoy chance to disperse while the German cruiser turned its attention to the attacker. Agderposten characterizes this as a battle between David and Goliath, and it could not last long. After a broadside from the cruiser, Borgestad was sunk. The German cruiser sank a further five of the convoy's ships.
"... it is certain that if Borgestad's crew had not so bravely sacrificed their lives, the convoy's losses would have been far greater", writes Agderposten. "The feat was also praised as one of the most brilliant examples of Norwegian seamanship and patriotism during the war, and Borgestad's entire crew was decorated after their death"

## Trips

| Departure | From | To | Arrival | Convoy | Remarks |
| Apr. 1 1940 | Durban | Cape Town | Apr. 4 | Independent | For earlier trips see this Note |
| Apr. 8 1940 | Cape Town | Takoradi | Apr. 19 | Independent | |
| Apr. 26 1940 | Takoradi | Baie Comeau | ? | Independent | Arrived at Sorel-Tracy in May 20 |
| May 27, 1940 | Baie Comeau | Botwood | June 1 | Independent | |
| June 5, 1940 | Botwood | Cristóbal | June 23 | Independent | |
| June 24, 1940 | Balboa | Los Angeles | July 7 | Independent | |
| July 7, 1940 | Los Angeles | Tacoma | July 13 | Independent | |
| July 15, 1940 | Tacoma | Vancouver | July 16 | Independent | |
| July 24, 1940 | Vancouver | Colombo | Sept. 9 | Independent | |
| Sept. 18 1940 | Colombo | Bombay | Sept. 24 | Independent | |
| Sept. 24 1940 | Bombay | Port Sudan | Oct. 8 | BN 6 | For Port Sudan (left convoy Oct. 7) Convoy available at BN 6 |
| Nov. 7 1940 | Port Sudan | ? | ? | BS 8 | For Port Elizabeth. Dispersed off Aden, Nov. 12. Convoy available at BS 8 |
| Nov. 12 1940 | Dispersed from BS 8 | Port Elizabeth | Nov. 30 | Independent | |
| Dec. 30 1940 | Port Elizabeth | Cape Town | Jan. 2 1941 | Independent | |
| Jan. 3 1941 | Cape Town | Freetown | Jan. 19 | Independent | |
| Jan. 30 1941 | Freetown | ? | ? | SLS 64 | Sunk by German cruiser Admiral Hipper |
# Paradise Hills

Paradise Hills may refer to:
* Paradise Hills (film), a 2019 Spanish science fantasy thriller film
* Paradise Hills, San Diego, California, United States, an urban neighborhood
* Paradise Hills, New Mexico, United States, a census-designated place
# Cavallo di fuoco

The Cavallo di fuoco (Italian for 'Fiery Horse'; pronounced) is an Italian historical reconstruction which takes place in the city of Ripatransone in the Province of Ascoli Piceno. It is a singular fireworks show, which traditionally occurs eight days after Easter.

## History

The show goes back to 1682 when, on the occasion of celebrations in honor of the Virgin Mary, the local dwellers hired a pyrotechnician who, once the spectacle was over, took all his remaining fireworks and shot riding his horse. This extemporized action struck the citizens who began to recall it yearly. In the 18th century a mock steed replaced the animal and the fireworks were assembled upon it.

## Celebration

The Octave of Easter begins with the Mass in the cathedral of Ripatransone, it goes on with the parade of the brotherhoods and it ends with the pyrotechnical show. Around 9.00 pm the mock horse appears in the streets of the town preceded by the marching band and followed by a group of passionate people provided with cowbells and whistles. A huge crowd waits for them in the Matteotti and Condivi squares. After the Horse reached his stage, it runs a pace lap after which the street lighting is turned off. The steed, stuffed with squibs of any kind, runs several laps shooting them on air and among people. The most stunning fireworks have mass denominations such as Baffi (whiskers) which shoot aside and Girella (pinwheel) which constitutes the most important moment of the show. Although sometimes the spectacle can generate panic (especially in not accustomed viewer) and many people are used to be inebriated by the typical red wine of the place, accidents have never happened.
# Coccoloba caracasana

Coccoloba caracasana (from Greek kokkolobis, the ancient name given to a vine by the appearance of its fruit) is a tree in the family Polygonaceae. It is known by the common name papaturro.

## General description
### Vegetative

This is a small to medium tree, often with multiple trunks, puberulent to glabrescent stems. The leaves are broadly oblong or suborbicular, rounded to truncate to subcordate at the base.

### Reproductive

The flowers are small, greenish and fragrant, arranged in racemose inflorescences clustered in terminal and lateral spikes. The fruit is an achene with a semi-pulpous edible flesh.

### Economic and ecological aspects

The distribution of this tree ranges from Guatemala to Panama and northern South America, where it is most common in the Pacific regions. It prefers sandy, loose and wet soil; it may be found along rivers. Economically, the species is useful for its edible fruit. The wood is used as firewood and for poles. The foliage is ornamental and hung for shade.
# Cecil Wilson (bishop of Middleton)

Cecil Wilfred Wilson (10 May 1875 – c. 13 August 1937) was an Anglican bishop, the second Bishop of Middleton from 1932 until 1937.
Educated at Norwich School and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, he was Vicar of St James's, Holloway, then St Mary's, Swansea (where he was also a Canon of Brecon Cathedral) and finally Archdeacon of Bradford. During his last year before ascending to the Episcopate he was also the inaugural Provost of Bradford Cathedral. A prominent Freemason, he had a "sympathetic understanding of the poor".
The bishop was discovered dead at home by his son-in-law on 16 August, after returning the prior Thursday, 12 August, from a lengthy vacation with his family, who had remained behind. Milk delivered that Thursday had been brought into the house but not milk left the next day. He had recently complained of heart problems.
# Manaquiri

Manaquiri is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Amazonas.

## Demography

Its population was 33,049 (2020) and its area is 3,976 km$^2$.

## Geography

Manaquiri is located in a portion of the southern Várzea forest of the Amazon River. The main waterway of the Amazon is located around 8 km (5 mi) north of the municipality.

## Transport

By road, Manaquiri is connected via the AM-354 [pt] highway.
# Percus–Yevick approximation

In statistical mechanics the Percus–Yevick approximation is a closure relation to solve the Ornstein–Zernike equation. It is also referred to as the Percus–Yevick equation. It is commonly used in fluid theory to obtain e.g. expressions for the radial distribution function. The approximation is named after Jerome K. Percus and George J. Yevick.

## Derivation

The direct correlation function represents the direct correlation between two particles in a system containing N − 2 other particles. It can be represented by
    $c(r)=g_{\rm {total}}(r)-g_{\rm {indirect}}(r)\,$
where $g_{\rm {total}}(r)$ is the radial distribution function, i.e. $g(r)=\exp[-\beta w(r)]$ (with w(r) the potential of mean force) and $g_{\rm {indirect}}(r)$ is the radial distribution function without the direct interaction between pairs $u(r)$ included; i.e. we write $g_{\rm {indirect}}(r)=\exp[-\beta (w(r)-u(r))]$. Thus we approximate c(r) by
    $c(r)=e^{-\beta w(r)}-e^{-\beta [w(r)-u(r)]}.\,$
If we introduce the function $y(r)=e^{\beta u(r)}g(r)$ into the approximation for c(r) one obtains
    $c(r)=g(r)-y(r)=e^{-\beta u}y(r)-y(r)=f(r)y(r).\,$
This is the essence of the Percus–Yevick approximation for if we substitute this result in the Ornstein–Zernike equation, one obtains the Percus–Yevick equation:
    $y(r_{12})=1+\rho \int f(r_{13})y(r_{13})h(r_{23})d\mathbf {r_{3}} .\,$
The approximation was defined by Percus and Yevick in 1958.

## Hard spheres

For hard spheres, the potential u(r) is either zero or infinite, and therefore the Boltzmann factor ${\text{e}}^{-u/k_{\text{B}}T}$ is either one or zero, regardless of temperature T. Therefore structure of a hard-spheres fluid is temperature independent. This leaves just two parameters: the hard-core radius R (which can be eliminated by rescaling distances or wavenumbers), and the packing fraction η (which has a maximum value of 0.64 for random close packing).
Under these conditions, the Percus–Yevick equation has an analytical solution, obtained by Wertheim in 1963.

### Solution as C code

The static structure factor of the hard-spheres fluid in Percus–Yevick approximation can be computed using the following C function:

## Hard spheres in shear flow

For hard spheres in shear flow, the function u(r) arises from the solution to the steady-state two-body Smoluchowski convection–diffusion equation or two-body Smoluchowski equation with shear flow. An approximate analytical solution to the Smoluchowski convection-diffusion equation was found using the method of matched asymptotic expansions by Banetta and Zaccone in Ref.
This analytical solution can then be used together with the Percus–Yevick approximation in the Ornstein-Zernike equation. Approximate solutions for the pair distribution function in the extensional and compressional sectors of shear flow and hence the angular-averaged radial distribution function can be obtained, as shown in Ref., which are in good parameter-free agreement with numerical data up to packing fractions $\eta \approx 0.5$.
# Meladema coriacea

Meladema coriacea is a species of beetles belonging to the family Dytiscidae.

## Description

Meladema coriacea can reach a length of about 20–22 millimetres (0.79–0.87 in). The color of the body is shiny black. These water beetles have oval, flattened streamlined bodies adapted for aquatic life. Elytra have short curved striae. Antennae are reddish, and the legs are brown. The hindlegs are adapted for propelling this insect in the water. Adults can be found from April to September.

## Habitat

This species lives in streams, rivers and ponds.

## Distribution

This species is present in Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Near East and North Africa.