OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philip Cobbold

Philip Cobbold (5 January 1875 – 28 December 1945) was an English cricketer. He played eighteen first-class matches for Cambridge University Cricket Club between 1896 and 1922.
# Landau–Levich problem

In fluid dynamics, Landau–Levich flow or the Landau–Levich problem describes the flow created by a moving plate which is pulled out of a liquid surface. Landau–Levich flow finds many applications in thin film coating. The solution to the problem was described by Lev Landau and Veniamin Levich in 1942. The problem assumes that the plate is dragged out of the liquid slowly, so that the three major forces which are in balance are viscous force, the force due to gravity, and the force due to surface tension.

## Problem

Landau and Levich split the entire flow regime into two regimes, a lower regime and an upper regime. In the lower regime closer to the liquid surface, the flow is assumed to be static, leading to the problem of the Young–Laplace equation (a static meniscus). In the upper region far away from the liquid surface, the thickness of the liquid layer attaching to the plate is very small and also the since the velocity of the plate is small, this regime comes under the approximation of lubrication theory. The solution of these two problems are then matched using method of matched asymptotic expansions.
# Mesoscia unifascia

Mesoscia unifascia is a moth of the Megalopygidae family. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1923.
# Messenian Wars

Messenian Wars refers to the wars between Messenia and Sparta in the 8th and 7th centuries BC as well as the 4th century BC.
* First Messenian War
* Second Messenian War
* Third Messenian War
# Messepark

Messepark is the largest shopping centre in Vorarlberg, Austria. It is located in Dornbirn right next to the Dornbirn exhibition area and the highway leading south of Dornbirn.

## History

Messepark was opened on 19 March 1987. It was renovated to its current state from 1997 to 1998.

## Figures

Messepark is the largest shopping centre in Vorarlberg and one of the largest in the whole country of Austria. The total floor area is 41 thousand square metres, of which 19 thousand are used by 65 different retail shops. The sales per unit area are around 10,295 euro per square metre of business area. Judging by this criterion, Messepark has the largest sales in Austria. The businesses in Messepark employ about 950 people in total. The total annual revenue in 2019 was 195.6 million euro and the number of visitors was 17,600 per day.
Messepark is the first shopping centre in Austria and in the Lake Constance to have an ecological certificate. The largest solar panels in Vorarlberg are located on the roof of Messepark. They have a total area of 7650 square metres and consist of 4500 modules, with a total output of 1400 kilowatts.
There are four charging stations for electric-drive cars, of which two are express charging stations. There are 24 charging stations for electrical bicycles.
# Merwin Maier

Merwin D. "Jimmy" Maier (August 14, 1908 – February 15, 1942) was an American attorney and bridge player from New York City. He was a member of the Four Aces from 1937 until his death from an unknown virus in New York in 1942.
Maier was born into a Jewish family in Manhattan, the son of Julius Maier and Lydia B. Maier. All four of his grandparents emigrated from Germany. He attended Columbia Law School and was an editor on the Columbia Law Review.
He died at age 33 after suffering from an illness for two months. Maier was inducted into the ACBL Hall of Fame in 2004.

## Bridge accomplishments
### Honors

* ACBL Hall of Fame, 2004

### Wins

* North American Bridge Championships (9)
** Masters Individual (1) 1939
** von Zedtwitz Life Master Pairs (1) 1941
** Wernher Open Pairs (1) 1940
** Vanderbilt (2) 1937, 1938
** Spingold (2) 1935, 1937
** Spingold (2) 1938, 1939

### Runners-up

* North American Bridge Championships
** Masters Individual (1) 1936
** Vanderbilt (2) 1935, 1941
** Masters Team of 4 (1) 1936
** Reisinger (2) 1934, 1939
** Spingold (1) 1941
# Merwin (name)

Merwin or Merwyn is a surname and masculine given name.

## Surname

* Abigail Merwin (1759–1786), who warned her hometown of the arrival of British forces in the American Revolutionary War
* Bannister Merwin (1873–1922), early American film director
* David Merwin (1936-1960), American Olympic canoeist
* Herbert E. Merwin (1878-1963), American mineralogist and petrologist
* Jesse Merwin (1783–1852), American schoolmaster, possible inspiration for the character Ichabod Crane in the short story "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"
* John David Merwin (born 1921), former Governor of the United States Virgin Islands
* Orange Merwin (1777–1853), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Connecticut
* Sam Merwin, Jr. (1910–1996), mystery and science fiction writer, and editor
* Samuel Merwin (writer) (1874–1936), American playwright and author
* Samuel Edwin Merwin (1831–1907), American politician, Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut
* Susan B. Merwin (1874-1923), American educator, publisher, and superintendent of the Kentucky School for the Blind
* Timothy Taylor Merwin (1807-1885), American lawyer, state representative, and businessman
* W. S. Merwin (1927–2019), American poet

## Given name

* Merwin Coad (born 1924), former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa
* Merwin Graham (1903-1989), American Olympic athlete
* Merwin K. Hart (1881–1962), American politician
* Merwin Hodel (1931–1988), American football player
* Merwin Jacobson (1894–1978), Major League Baseball backup outfielder
* Merwin Maier (1908-1942), American attorney
* Merwin Mitterwallner (1897-1974), American football player
* Merwin Mondesir (born 1976), Canadian actor
* Merwin Sibulkin (1926-2006), American scientist
* Merwin H. Silverthorn (1896–1985), lieutenant general and Assistant Commandant of the United States Marine Corps
* Merwin Crawford Young (1931-2020), American political scientist
# Mere ownership effect

The mere ownership effect is the observation that people who own a good tend to evaluate it more positively than people who do not.
It is typically demonstrated in a paradigm in which some participants in an experiment are randomly assigned to own a good ("owners") by receiving it for free. Other participants are randomly assigned to simply evaluate the same good without receiving it. Participants who own the good typically rate it as more attractive or as liking it more than do participants who do not own it. It is not necessary to actually own a good to exhibit the mere ownership effect. Simply touching or imagining that one owns a good is enough to instantiate the mere ownership effect.
The mere ownership effect is often used as a case in which people show the endowment effect that cannot be parsimoniously explained by loss aversion.

## Origins

Two routes have been proposed to explain the mere ownership effect. Both rely on the association of a good with the self.

### Attachment theory

    One set of theorists believe that these self-associations take the form of an emotional attachment to the good. Once an attachment has formed, the potential loss of the good is perceived as a threat to the self.

### Self-referential memory theory

    Another set of theorists believe that ownership increases the perceived value of a good through a self-referential memory effect (SRE) – the better encoding and recollection of stimuli associated with the self-concept. Attributes of a good may be more accessible to its owners than are other attributes of the transaction. Because most goods have more positive than negative features, this accessibility bias should result in owners more positively evaluating their goods than do non-owners.
# MetaEdit+

MetaEdit+ is an environment for creating and using Domain-Specific Modeling languages.

## Research History

The research behind the genesis of MetaEdit+ was carried out at the University of Jyväskylä, as part of the MetaPHOR project. A metamodeling and modeling tool, MetaEdit, had been created by the earlier SYTI project in the late 1980s and early 1990s, in co-operation with a company, MetaCase.
Both MetaEdit and MetaEdit+ were described in a large number of publications from the MetaPHOR research group (including,).

## Tool History

MetaEdit allowed graphical metamodeling using Object-Property-Role-Relationship (OPRR) data model, definition of the DSM language notation with a graphical symbol editor, and the definition of code generators using a Domain-Specific Language. These three elements together formed a metamodel file, which configured MetaEdit to support that modeling language.
* MetaEdit 1.0 was released as shareware in 1993.
* MetaEdit 1.1 was released as commercial software in 1993.
* MetaEdit 1.2 was released in 1995.
The original MetaEdit was limited to supporting one modeling language at a time, one user at a time, and one representational paradigm - graphical diagrams. MetaEdit+ was designed to extend this to multiple integrated modeling languages, multiple simultaneous users, and multiple representational paradigms - diagrams, matrices and tables.
* MetaEdit+ 2.0, the first version of MetaEdit+, was released by MetaCase in 1995 for Windows.
* MetaEdit+ 2.5 was released in 1996, adding full multi-user facilities and support for Solaris and HP-UX.
* MetaEdit+ 3.0 was released in 1999, with support for Linux and significant new functionality added in three Service Releases over the next few years.
* MetaEdit+ 4.0 was released in 2004, with new Diagram and Symbol Editors, support for ports, and interoperability via SOAP and XML. Two Service Releases adding new functionality and support for Mac OS X.
* MetaEdit+ 4.5 was released in 2006, adding graphical metamodeling and improving the metamodel, symbol and generator definition facilities and Diagram Editor.
* MetaEdit+ 4.5 SR1a was released in 2009, adding support for newer platforms.
* MetaEdit+ 5.0 was released in December 2012, with Eclipse and Visual Studio integration, dynamic symbols, enhanced graphics, and graphical viewing of changes.
* MetaEdit+ 5.1 was released in November 2014, adding a hierarchical property sheet, movable dynamic ports, and new property types.
* MetaEdit+ 5.5 was released in February 2017, adding versioning and integration with Version Control Systems like Git and SVN. SR1 added project-level access rights. Cloud RSL added remote shared licenses.

## Work flow

There are two main versions of MetaEdit+:
* MetaEdit+ Workbench, including tools for designing and using modeling languages.
* MetaEdit+ Modeler, including tools for using modeling languages.
Normally, MetaEdit+ Workbench is used by a few key developers to design a domain-specific modeling language for their project. Then, this modeling language is used to develop final products using MetaEdit+ Modeler.
# List of species of pine trees in Romania

The following is a list of pine trees in Romania:
* Picea abies
* Pinus cembra
* Pinus mugo
* Pinus nigra
* Pinus pinea
* Pinus sylvestris
# Metacarpal ligaments

Metacarpal ligaments may refer to:
* Deep transverse metacarpal ligament
* Superficial transverse metacarpal ligament
# Metacemyia

Metacemyia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Metacemyia aartseni Zeegers, 2007
* Metacemyia calloti (Séguy, 1936)
* Metacemyia setosa Crosskey, 1973
* Metacemyia uncinata (Thomson, 1869)
# List of storms named Mameng

The name Mameng has been used to name 10 tropical cyclones within the Philippine Area of Responsibility by the PAGASA and its predecessor, the Philippine Weather Bureau, in the Western Pacific Ocean.
* Tropical Depression Mameng (1963)
* Tropical Storm Fran (1967) (T6712, 14W, Mameng) – struck southern China.
* Typhoon Gilda (1971) (T7111, 11W, Mameng) – traversed the Philippines and struck southern China.
* Typhoon Elsie (1975) (T7514, 17W, Mameng) – affected Hong Kong and southern China.
* Typhoon Irving (1979) (T7910, 12W, Mameng) – struck the Korean Peninsula as a tropical storm.
* Tropical Depression Mameng (1983)
* Tropical Depression Mameng (1987) – affected Vietnam
* Typhoon Ellie (1991) (T9110, 11W, Mameng) – a small typhoon that affected Taiwan and China.
* Tropical Storm Sibyl (1995) (T9515, 20W, Mameng) – crossed the Philippines and hit southern China.
* Tropical Storm Wendy (1999) (T9921, 20W, Mameng) – a weak tropical storm that caused 133 deaths and $309.4 million (1999 USD) in damages.
After the 2000 Pacific typhoon season, the PAGASA revised their naming lists and the name Mameng was excluded.
# List of storms named Inez

The name Inez has been used for one tropical cyclone in the Atlantic Ocean and one tropical cyclone in the Western Pacific Ocean. The name Inez was retired in the Atlantic after 1966.
Atlantic:
Western Pacific:
# Methyldichlorophosphine

Methyldichlorophosphine (alternatively known as dichloro(methyl)phosphane, SW and methylphosphonous dichloride) is an organophosphorus compound with the chemical formula CH$_3$PCl$_2$. It is a colorless, corrosive, flammable, and highly reactive liquid with a pungent odor.

## Preparation

Methyldichlorophosphine is produced by alkylation of phosphorus trichloride with methyl iodide followed by reduction of the resulting phosphonium salt with iron powder:
    CH$_3$I + PCl$_3$ + AlCl$_3$ → [CH$_3$PCl$_3$]$^+$AlCl$_3$I$^−$
    [CH$_3$PCl$_3$]$^+$AlCl$_3$I$^−$ + Fe → CH$_3$PCl$_2$ + FeICl + AlCl$_3$
The compound is an intermediate for the synthesis of other chemicals for instance dimethylphenylphosphine.

## Uses

Methyldichlorophosphine belongs to the group of halophosphines, some of which are used as intermediates in the production of plant protection agents, stabilizers for plastics, and catalysts. It is a precursor of the herbicide Glufosinate. It is also used in the production of flameproofing compounds.
Due to the recycling problem of phosphoryl chloride, SW was adopted in step three of the DMHP process in the preparation of Sarin. SW was also adopted as a standard precursor to V agents, having been used to prepare QL for unitary and binary VX. SW was the first agent adopted to prepare VX in one pot reaction by aqueous medium.

## Safety

It is also toxic if inhaled, can cause burns upon contact with the skin and eyes, and releases fumes of hydrochloric acid in moist environments.
# Jablon

Jablon may refer to:
* Jabloň, Slovakia
* Jabłoń, Lublin Voivodeship, east Poland
* Jabłoń, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, north Poland
* Jabłoń Kościelna
* Jabłoń-Dąbrowa
* Jabłoń-Dobki
* Jabłoń-Jankowce
* Jabłoń-Kikolskie
* Jabłoń-Markowięta
* Jabłoń-Piotrowce
* Jabłoń-Rykacze
* Jabłoń-Samsony
* Jabłoń-Spały
* Jabłoń-Śliwowo
* Jabłoń-Uszyńskie
* Jabłoń-Zambrowizna
* Jabłoń-Zarzeckie
* Konopki-Jabłoń
* Nagórki-Jabłoń
* Poryte-Jabłoń
# It Was You

"It Was You" is the third single released off Sharleen Spiteri's first solo album Melody. It was originally rumoured to be the second single due to it being on the albums sticker but it turned out to be "Stop, I Don't Love You Anymore", it was later announced to be the third single on Sharleen Spiteri's official website, it was released as digital download on 1 December 2008, following the single "Stop, I Don't Love You Anymore".

## Commercial Performance

Digital Spy commented on It Was You, saying "having threatened to give Paris Hilton a "Glaswegian kiss" earlier this year, it's clear that Sharleen Spiteri is no shrinking violet. Rather than falling back on the tried-and-tested Texas sound, she went all sixties on her debut solo album and, as its third single shows, it certainly paid off. "It Was You" sees Spiteri team up with producer Bernard Butler – the man responsible for much of Duffy's Rockferry album. With its soulful vocals, tooting trumpets and punchy chorus, this could almost have been a contender for the recent Bond theme. Spiteri, meanwhile, adopts the same no-nonsense approach she took with the world's most famous heiress, singing, "Something inside just died - it was you". To Spiteri's ex, it's the lyrical equivalent of a Glaswegian kiss.

## Live Performance

Sharleen Spiteri has uploaded a live acoustic version of "It Was You" onto YouTube on 28 September 2008; it has currently been viewed 4,724 times. On 17 May 2008 a version of her performing it on Later With Jools Holland appeared, this version has been viewed 36,254 times.

## Chart performance

| Chart | Peak position |
| UK Singles Charts | 178 |
# Jack Gardiner

John Carlton Gardiner (8 May 1881 – 3 April 1967) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Carlton and Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He then became a successful coach in the Tasmanian Football League.

## Family

The son of John Gardiner, and Anna Gardiner, née Sidley, John Carlton Gardiner was born on 8 May 1881. Jack Gardiner was the third of four children in the family, with two older sisters and a younger brother, Vin Gardiner.
He married Florence Bucirde (1883–1946), in Hobart, on 20 November 1911.
Jack Gardiner died in Hobart in 1967, and is buried at Cornelian Bay Cemetery.

## Football

Gardiner came from a football playing family with his father, John, a Carlton player during the 1870s. Vin Gardiner, his younger brother, also played at both Melbourne and Carlton.
His VFL career, spent mostly as a rover, began with two seasons at his father's club before switching to Melbourne in 1903. He kicked 24 goals in 1904 and was a regular in the Melbourne side until 1907.
The rover spent the 1908 season in Tasmania, as an umpire and coach of the TFL representative team. He returned to the mainland to coach Tasmania at the 1908 Melbourne Carnival and stopped umpiring after that year.
He resumed his playing career in 1909 when he joined Cananore as captain. His tenure included four TFL premierships, including three in a row from 1909 to 1911. Gardiner also captained the state at the 1911 Adelaide Carnival. Appointed Cananore captain-coach following the war, he steered them to more premierships in 1921 and 1922. His final port of call was North Hobart, with which he spent the 1924 and 1925 seasons at before retiring.
In 2005, Gardiner was one of the inaugural inductees into the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame.
His son, Jack Jr, also played football and represented Tasmania as the state wicket-keeper in cricket.
# Jack Garfinkel

Jack "Dutch" Garfinkel (June 13, 1918 – August 14, 2013) was an American basketball player.
Garfinkel attended Thomas Jefferson High School in Brooklyn and then nearby St. John's University to play for future Hall of Fame coach Joe Lapchick. In 1941, he won the Haggerty Award, given to the top player in the New York City metropolitan area.
After his college career was over, Garfinkel served in the United States Army during World War II. He then played for the Philadelphia Sphas of the American Basketball League, the Rochester Royals of the National Basketball League (NBL), and finally settled in with the Boston Celtics of the Basketball Association of America (BAA), where he was a member of the franchise's first team in 1946–47. Garfinkel lasted three seasons with the Celtics, but his career ended prior to the NBL/BAA merger that formed the National Basketball Association in 1949.
After his playing days were over, Garfinkel became a basketball coach and official. He died on August 14, 2013. He was the last surviving player of the inaugural Celtics team. He also taught in the New York City Public School George Gershwin J.H.S.

## BAA career statistics
### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | FG% | FT% | APG | PPG |
| 1946–47 | Boston | 40 | .266 | .607 | 1.5 | 4.5 |
| 1947–48 | Boston | 43 | .300 | .761 | 1.4 | 6.1 |
| 1948–49 | Boston | 9 | .171 | .714 | 1.9 | 3.8 |
| Career | Career | 92 | .275 | .705 | 1.5 | 5.2 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | GP | FG% | FT% | APG | PPG |
| 1948 | Boston | 3 | .304 | .800 | 2.3 | 7.3 |
| Career | Career | 3 | .304 | .800 | 2.3 | 7.3 |
# Live in New York, 2010

Live in New York, 2010 is a live album by the David S. Ware Trio, featuring Ware on stritch and tenor saxophone, William Parker on bass, and Warren Smith on drums. It was recorded in October 2010 at the Blue Note Jazz Club in New York City, and was released as a double CD by AUM Fidelity in 2017.
The album was recorded the year following Ware's kidney transplant, and about two years before his death.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| All About Jazz | |
| The Free Jazz Collective | |
In a review for All About Jazz, Jakob Baekgaard awarded the album a full 5 stars, calling it "not just a concert, but a journey," and stating that Ware "flew into somewhere else and brought diamonds back from heaven."
Paul Acquaro of Jazz Times described the album as "more than two hours of molten, visceral, spontaneous improvisation," and wrote: "until the end Ware's playing bore an unmistakable faith in the healing power of music."
Critic Tom Hull included the album in a list titled "The Best Jazz Albums of 2017," and commented: "it's worth noting that [Ware]'s in remarkable form here... especially when William Parker (bass) and Warren Smith (drums) help out."
Stereogum's Phil Freeman remarked: "The overwhelming feel of the set is one of intimacy; the bluster and roar of the quartet is gone, replaced by meditative introspection. This is a fantastic performance, absolutely worth hearing."
Regarding Ware's performance on stritch, Chris Robinson of Point of Departure wrote: "One gets the feeling he is exploring what the smaller horn can do and what it allows him to say that the tenor may not." However, he noted that when Ware switches to tenor saxophone, "his performance really hits home. That big, enveloping, rich tone, and the way his sound somehow merges with and becomes one with his line... continues to captivate me."

## Track listings
### Disc 1

* "1-A" – 15:21
* "1-B" – 14:27
* "1-C" – 6:42
* "2-A" – 17:20
* "2-B" – 9:04

### Disc 2

* "3" – 14:47
* "4-A" – 14:40
* "4-B" – 3:58
* "4-C" – 5:25
* "5" – 10:31
* "6-A" – 8:38
* "6-B" – 8:43

## Personnel

* David S. Ware – stritch, tenor saxophone
* William Parker – bass
* Warren Smith – drums
# Lewisville, Oregon

Lewisville is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Oregon, United States, named for 1845 pioneer David R. Lewis. Its post office opened in 1868 and closed in 1905. Nothing remains of the community.