OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Komborodougou

Komborodougou is a town in northern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture and commune of Korhogo Department in Poro Region, Savanes District. The border of Vallée du Bandama District is six kilometres east of the town.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Komborodougou was 12,947.

## Villages

The 43 villages of the sub-prefecture of Komborodougou and their population in 2014 are:
* Dabakaha (124)
* Dandoumakaha (301)
* Dossemekaha (177)
* Komborodougou (4 329)
* Lagbokaha (541)
* Nabieriguekaha (104)
* Naborikaha (132)
* Nangakaha (114)
* Nongogninekaha (65)
* Sibirikaha (1 023)
* Tiafiguekaha (112)
* Tiefannakaha (26)
* Zonhouakaha (134)
* Bossodougou (126)
* Dabokaha (185)
* Dogninekaha (152)
* Gnamatoloh (228)
* Gneguidiokaha (227)
* Gnenedokaha (92)
* Kafonnonkaha (140)
* Katiekaha (73)
* Kpokaha (223)
* Lelekaha (127)
* Nakaha (731)
* Nakalakaha (208)
* Nambatiokaha (54)
* Nambekaha (189)
* Nangounonkaha (45)
* Nazinekaha (264)
* Nemelokaha (492)
* Nibolikaha (76)
* Ouonsorikaha (486)
* Pangbakaha (129)
* Pederikaha (85)
* Pevrokaha (149)
* Pliguetiankaha (80)
* Sanlokaha (186)
* Siekaha (292)
* Sologokaha (96)
* Tchangakaha (228)
* Tchonkaha (187)
* Tenenakaha (130)
* Yereminkaha (85)
# Ivan Combe

Ivan DeBlois Combe (April 21, 1911 – January 11, 2000) was the American inventor of personal-care products, most notably Clearasil and Odor Eaters. In 1949 he established his eponymous company Combe Incorporated in White Plains, New York.

## Early life and career

Ivan DeBlois Combe was born in Fremont, Iowa, on April 21, 1911. Combe graduated from Northwestern University in 1933, and earned a law degree from the Northwestern University School of Law in 1936.
He became a salesman for Hydrox Ice Cream and the Wilbur Shoe Polish company before moving to New York City to work for the Young & Rubicam advertising agency. He later joined Pharmacraft, a drug manufacturer, but in 1949, left his vice president position to create his own company.

## Death

Combe died in Greenwich, Connecticut on January 11, 2000.

## Legacy

After his death, Northwestern University named the Combe Tennis Center in his honor.
# Imelchol Village

Imelchol Village, also spelled Imechal, is a village in Peleliu, Palau. It is located near Kloulklubed and Koska.
# Luitpold Popp

Luitpold Popp (7 March 1893 – 30 August 1968) was a German football defender who played for 1. FC Nürnberg.
Popp joined Nürnberg in 1917, and went on to win four German football championships with the club. He also made five appearances for the Germany national team between 1920 and 1926.

## Honours

* German football championship: 1920, 1921, 1925, 1927
# Hyalosagda similis

Hyalosagda similis is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Sagdidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Jamaica.
# Lune (Weser)

Lune is a river in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is some 41 kilometres (25 mi) long and a right tributary of the Lower Weser.
The Lune is a small lowland river, which is joined initially by the Volkmarster Lune on the boundary between the borough of Bremervörde and the district of Cuxhaven. Between Kirchwistedt and Stemmermühlen is its confluence with the Altwistedter Lune, and it then flows through Beverstedt, Lunestedt, Nesse [de; nl] near Loxstedt and Lanhausen [de; nds] to the Lunesiel south of the Fischereihafen district [de; pl] of Bremerhaven. Until the beginning of the 17th century the river was a major transport artery and navigable until Deelbrügge (nowadays a district of Beverstedt). It was named after the explorer Gerhard von Lune who lived between 1602 and 1666$^{[2]}$
# Lune Aqueduct

The Lune Aqueduct is a navigable aqueduct that carries the Lancaster Canal over the River Lune, on the east side of the city of Lancaster in Lancashire, England. It was completed in 1797 at a total cost of £48,320 18s 10d. It is a Grade I listed building.

## Construction

The aqueduct was designed by civil engineer John Rennie and constructed by architect Alexander Stevens (died 1796, aged 66). The cost of the construction was close to £50,000.
The aqueduct is a traditional structure of that time, consisting of five stone arches supporting the stone trough. Within the piers, special volcanic pozzolana powder was imported to be mixed with cement, which allowed the concrete to set under water. Because of the rush to finish the initial stages, before the winter floods, the construction was carried out around the clock and the final bill for the project was over £30,000 over budget (2.6 times the original estimate). This vast overspend was the reason that the Lancaster canal was never joined to the main canal network – there wasn't enough money for the planned aqueduct over the River Ribble at the southern end of the canal.

## Recent restoration

Work began to restore the aqueduct in January 2011, and was completed in March 2012. The work involved restoring the canal channel, masonry repairs, removing graffiti, and improving public access. The project cost £2.4m, and was funded by British Waterways, Lancaster Canal Trust, English Heritage and the Heritage Lottery Fund.

## Inscriptions

The structure bears two inscriptions:
* North side: "To Public Prosperity"
* South side: "QUAE DEERANT ADEUNT: SOCIANTUR DISSITA: MERCES FLUMINA CONVENIUNT ARTE DATURA NOVAS. A.D. MDCCXCVII. ING. I. RENNIE EXTRUX. A. STEVENS. P. ET F." which can be translated as: "Things that are wanting are brought together / Things remote are connected / Rivers themselves meet by the assistance of art / To afford new objects of commerce. AD 1797. Engineer J Rennie. Built A Stevens father and son" (translated from the Latin)

## Gallery

* View along the Lune Aqueduct
* View from the towpath showing the ornate stone balustrades
# Lučane

Lučane may refer to:
* Lučane, Serbia, a village near Bujanovac
* Lučane, Croatia, a village near Sinj
* Lučane, Austria, the Slovene name of Leutschach, a village near Leibnitz
* Lučané, a Bohemian Slavic tribe, cf. list of early Slavic peoples
# Hybrid array

A hybrid array is a form of hierarchical storage management that combines hard disk drives (HDDs) with solid-state drives (SSDs) for I/O speed improvements.
Hybrid storage arrays aim to mitigate the ever increasing price-performance gap between HDDs and DRAM by adding a non-volatile flash level to the memory hierarchy. Hybrid arrays thus aim to lower the cost per I/O, compared to using only SSDs for storage. Hybrid architectures can be as simple as involving a single SSD cache for desktop or laptop computers, or can be more complex as configurations for data centers and cloud computing.

## Implementations

Some commercial products for building hybrid arrays include:
* Adaptec demonstrated the MaxIQ series in 2009.
* Apple's Fusion Drive
* Linux software includes bcache, dm-cache, and Flashcache (and its fork EnhanceIO).
* Condusive's ExpressCache is marketed for laptops.
* EMC Corporation VFcache was announced in 2012.
* Fusion-io acquired ioTurbine in 2011, and the product line it acquired by buying NexGen in 2013.
* Hitachi Accelerated Flash Storage (HAFS) used together with the Hitachi Dynamic Tiering software
* IBM Flash Cache Storage Accelerator (FCSA) server software
* Intel's Smart Response Technology for desktop
* Intel's Cache Acceleration Software for servers and workstations
* LSI CacheCade software for their controllers
* Marvell's HyperDuo controllers
* Microsoft's Automated Tiering (since Windows 2012 R2)
* NetApp's Flash Cache, Flash Pool, Flash Accel
* Oracle Corporation markets products such as Exadata Smart Cache Flash, and the FS1 flash storage system.
* Microsoft ReadyBoost allows personal computers to use USB flash drives (or any solid-state media) as cache.
* Nvelo DataPlex SSD caching software was announced in 2011, and was acquired by Samsung in 2012.
* SanDisk FlashSoft for Windows, Linux, and vSphere
* Products are offered by vendors like AMI StorTrends, Tegile Systems, Reduxio, and Tintri.
* ZFS using hybrid storage pools, are used for example in some Oracle Corporation products.
# Hyfaidd ap Bleddri

Hyfaidd ap Bleddri (born c. 830) was a king of Dyfed.
Triad 68—"Three Kings who Sprang from Villeins"—lists Hyfaidd among their number, meaning that his father Bleddri or Bledrig was held to have been a serf rather than a member of Dyfed's old royal family claiming descent from Aed Brosc. His mother was supposed to be Tangwystl, a daughter of the earlier King Owain.
Charles-Edwards argues that Hyfaidd was responsible for consolidating the lands that would later become Deheubarth, annexing Ystrad Tywi and possibly Ceredigion to Dyfed before his death. He was said to have oppressed the clerics of Meneva (modern St. David's) and exiled Bishop Nobis, earning him the enmity of Nobis's kinsman, the historian Asser.
Although later Welsh histories made Hywel Dda's inheritance of Dyfed a peaceful affair brought about by his marriage to Hyfaidd's granddaughter Elen and the extinction of Hyfaidd's male line, Asser's more contemporary Life of King Alfred reports that Dyfed or Brycheiniog both fell under such sustained attack from Hywel's uncle Anarawd and father Cadell that Kings Hyfaidd and Elise submitted to King Alfred of Wessex's overlordship in exchange for protection.
Hyfaidd's sons Llywarch and Rhodri reigned after him, but the kingdom was soon lost to Cadell's son Hywel who consolidated his realms as Deheubarth.

## Children

* Llywarch
* Rhodri
# Lycium australe

Lycium australe, the Australian boxthorn, is a native Australian plant with large sharp woody spines, small leaves and very small berries. It is closely related to Lycium ferocissimum (African boxthorn), which is listed as an invasive weed in Australia, New Zealand and Cyprus.
It is possible to differentiate between these two species using the following features:
| | L. ferocissimum | L. australe |
| Leaf length (mm) | 6 - 40 | 3 - 25 |
| Leaf width (mm) | 2 - 20 | 1.5 - 3 |
| Shape of berries | Round | Ovoid |
| Width of berries (mm) | 5 - 10 | 2 - 5 |
| Seeds per berry | 30 - 70 | 5 - 20 |

## Distribution

Lycium australe is endemic to the mainland of Australia, and is found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia.

## Habitat

This plant grows in arid and semi-arid areas, in subsaline soils at the edges of claypans and salt lakes.

## Taxonomy and naming

The plant was first described by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1859, and its specific epithet, australe, comes from the Latin adjective, australis, -is, -e, ("south/southern"), thus describing the plant as coming from the southern hemisphere. It has no synonyms.
# Lungwebungu River

The Lungwebungu River (in Angola Lungué Bungo) of Central Africa is the largest tributary of the upper Zambezi River. The headwaters of the Lungwebungu are in central Angola at an elevation around 1,400 metres (4,600 ft), and it flows south-east across the southern African plateau. Within 50 kilometres (31 mi) it has developed the character which it keeps for most of its course, of extremely intricate meanders, with multiple channels and oxbow lakes, in a swampy channel about 800 m (2,600 ft) wide which in turn is in a shallow valley with a floodplain 3 to 5 km (1.9 to 3.1 mi) wide, inundated in the wet season.
The edges of the floodplain are a white sandy soil covered in thin forest. The main river channel grows from 50 m (160 ft) wide to 200 m (660 ft) wide near the Zambezi, and its floodplain suddenly broadens as it merges with the Zambezi, at the beginning of the Barotse Floodplain, which is 25 km (16 mi) wide at that point.
While the river is a valuable resource to people living near it as a source of fish, its meanders make it unsuitable for water transport except in the wet season when canoes and small boats can navigate the floodwaters.
# Lwów-Warsaw School

Lwow–Warsaw School may refer to:
* Lwów–Warsaw school of logic
* Lwów School of Mathematics
* Warsaw School of Mathematics
* Lwów–Warsaw School of History
# Max Fraser

Max Fraser is a Canadian filmmaker whose work focuses on Yukon and World War II remembrance topics.

## Filmography

| | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2009 | Gloria's Silver Crossing | Executive producer, producer, director | Documentary short |
| 2009 | Jim from Dawson: Whitehorse Sucks! | Executive producer, producer, director | Comedy short |
| 2009 | Little John Country | Executive producer, producer, director | World Premiere at the Dawson City International Short Film Festival |
| 2009 | Madeline's Rock | Executive producer, producer, director | Documentary short |
| 2009 | Painting Red Square | Executive producer, producer, director | Video short |
| 2011 | Never Happen Here | Director | Documentary short |
| 2013 | Martinis of the Wilderness | Executive producer, producer, director | Documentary short |
| 2015 | Bond of Strangers | Producer, director, writer, Camera and Electrical Department | Remembrance Brothers Canada tour with military historian and author Mark Zuehlke. |
| 2016 | Broke Down Dawson Town | Producer | Comedy drama (2 parts) |
| 2022 | Polaris | Producer | Feature film |
# Plantago hookeriana

Plantago hookeriana, commonly called Hookers plantain, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae). It is native to Texas and Louisiana in the United States. It is typically found in disturbed sandy areas.
This species is an annual herb growing from a taproot. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped and may reach 30 centimeters long, but are usually smaller. The inflorescence is a narrow spike up to 12 centimeters long. Each small flower has whitish corolla lobes with brown spots or stripes. It flowers in the spring.
This species is planted to provide a forage and to revegetate wildlife habitat and rangeland. The seed provides food for many types of game birds and the foliage is consumed by several types of animals, such as deer.
The Latin specific epithet hookeriana refers to William Jackson Hooker.
# Hylaeonympha

Hylaeonympha is a genus of damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. The only species is Hylaeonympha magoi. It is endemic to Venezuela.
# Mały Staw

Mały Staw (1,183 m (3,881 ft), Polish for The Small Pond, Kleiner Teich in german) is a natural lake of glacial origin in the Krkonoše mountains in western Poland. It is situated in the Polish Karkonosze National Park at the bottom of the cirque, on the southern slope of the Smogornia mountain, 1 km south of Wielki Staw.
With its area of 2.8 hectares, it is the second biggest glacial lake in the whole range. Its depth reaches 7 m. The place is accessible from the Polish-Czech Friendship Trail (red marks) and a blue marked short distance trail from Równia pod Śnieżką. A mountain hut Samotnia is situated on the north shore.
# Lutetium(III) chloride

Lutetium(III) chloride or lutetium trichloride is the chemical compound composed of lutetium and chlorine with the formula LuCl$_3$. It forms hygroscopic white monoclinic crystals and also a hygroscopic hexahydrate LuCl$_3$·6H$_2$O. Anhydrous lutetium(III) chloride has the YCl$_3$ (AlCl$_3$) layer structure with octahedral lutetium ions.
Lutetium-177, a radioisotope that can be derived from lutetium(III) chloride, is used in targeted cancer therapies. When lutetium-177 is attached to molecules that specifically target cancer cells, it can deliver localized radiation to destroy those cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissue. This makes lutetium-177-based treatments especially valuable for cancers that are difficult to treat with traditional methods, such as neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. Additionally, lutetium(III) chloride is used in scintillators, materials that emit light when exposed to radiation. These scintillators are crucial in detectors for gamma rays and other high-energy particles, used in both medical diagnostics and in scientific research.

## Reactions

Pure lutetium metal can be produced from lutetium(III) chloride by heating it together with elemental calcium:
    2 LuCl$_3$ + 3 Ca → 2 Lu + 3 CaCl$_2$
# Hunger (short story collection)

Hunger is a short story collection by American writer Lan Samantha Chang, published in 1998 by W. W. Norton.
It won the Commonwealth Club of California's California Book Award's Silver Medal for Fiction and was a finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Awards's Art Seidenbaum Award for First Fiction.

## Plot

Hunger includes the titular novella and five short stories: "The Unforgetting", "The Eve of the Spirit Festival", "Water Names", "Pipa's Story" and "San".
The narratives follow Chinese Americans in the US and China, and they explore home, family, and loss.

## Writing and development

Hunger is Chang's debut book of fiction. The stories were inspired by her parents' "sense of disengagement" after leaving China for the US. She described her characters as "fictional contemporaries" of her parents, whom she "created to better understand the reasons for generational silence".
In the house she grew up in Appleton, Wisconsin, there was "no sense of family history". The book was her way of addressing the strife occasioned by such silence. She cited as inspiration the fiction of Jewish writers Bernard Malamud and Philip Roth, who, she said, "write about very fraught communication between parents and children".

## Reception and accolades
### Critical reception

Hunger was critically acclaimed in the US upon release.
Kirkus Reviews praised it as "wonderfully written" and "The debut of a writer possessing a distinctive, fresh imagination and voice". The Washington Post called it "A work of gorgeous, enduring prose".
The New York Times Book Review called it "Elegant.… A delicately calculated balance sheet of the losses and gains of immigrants whose lives are stretched between two radically different cultures." Chicago Tribune wrote: "Chang's stories open up to readers a world of sadness and regret. So often, her characters can't break barriers of silence with one another to uncover true feelings. The end result is that sometimes parents can't give their children what they need most: a firm foundation of cultural and family history".

### Awards

Hunger won the California Book Awards' Silver Medal for Fiction and was a finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Awards's Art Seidenbaum Award for First Fiction.
Before Hunger was published, "Pipa’s Story" appeared in The Best American Short Stories 1994 and "The Eve of the Spirit Festival" in The Best American Short Stories 1996.

## 25th anniversary

In 2023, W.W. Norton announced a 25th anniversary reissue of Hunger. In a comment to The Washington Post, Min Jin Lee said: "I read Hunger again this fall, because I return to great work when I need to be nourished. A literary classic, Chang’s collection is a remarkable achievement and turns a quarter of a century next year."
# Maytenus aquifolium

Maytenus aquifolium, the espinheira-santa, is an endemic tree (sometimes shrub) species endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome in southeastern Brazil.

## Distribution

It is native to the regions of Sudeste − in Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states; and of Sul − in Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states.

## Uses

It is a medicinal species, being used for treating ulcers and gastritis.

### Conservation

Indiscriminate usage is threatening the survival of this species in its natural habitat.
# Hydroquinone 1,2-dioxygenase

Hydroquinone 1,2-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.66, hydroquinone dioxygenase) is an enzyme with systematic name benzene-1,4-diol:oxygen 1,2-oxidoreductase (decyclizing). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    benzene-1,4-diol + O$_2$ $\rightleftharpoons$ (2E,4Z)-4-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate
The enzyme is an extradiol-type dioxygenase. It belongs to the nonheme-iron(II)-dependent dioxygenase family.
# Hydropus

Hydropus is a genus of fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The widespread genus contains about 100 species, especially in tropical areas, but is not well represented in temperate regions. About 15 taxa are found in Europe; H. floccipus has the widest distribution in western Europe. Hydropus was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1948. Species in the genus have fruit bodies with caps that are mycenoid, collybioid, or omphaloid in form. Most species occur in tropical and subtropical regions, where they grow as saprobes on rotting wood, forest litter, and mosses. Generally, most Hydropus species are rare, and several are known only from the type collection, including H. conicus, H. moserianus, H. nitens, and H. paradoxus.

## Selected species

* Hydropus anthidepas
* Hydropus atramentosus
* Hydropus aurarius
* Hydropus conicus
* Hydropus floccipes
* Hydropus funebris
* Hydropus griseolazulinus
* Hydropus kauffmanii
* Hydropus liciosae
* Hydropus marginellus
* Hydropus moserianus
* Hydropus nitens
* Hydropus paradoxus
* Hydropus praedecurrens
* Hydropus serifluus
* Hydropus sphaerosporus
* Hydropus subalpinus
* Hydropus taxodii
* Hydropus trichoderma
# Hydrornis

Hydrornis is a genus of pitta in the family Pittidae. The genus contains thirteen species, found in South-east Asia. The genus was formerly merged with the genus Pitta, but a 2006 study split the family into three genera.

## Taxonomy

The pittas were at one time all usually placed in the genus Pitta, the only genus in the family Pittidae, but when a 2006 molecular phylogenetic study found that the pittas formed three separate groups, the genus was split and some species were moved into two resurrected genera, Erythropitta and Hydrornis. The genus Hydrornis had been introduced by the English zoologist Edward Blyth in 1843 with the blue-naped pitta (Hydrornis nipalensis) as the type species. The name Hydrornis combines the Ancient Greek words hudōr "water" and ornis "bird".
The pittas in Hydrornis have sexually dimorphic plumage, a feature that is absent for all other pittas. Also for those species that have been studied, the juveniles have a spotted cryptic plumage.

## Species

The genus contains 13 species:
| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Hydrornis phayrei | Eared pitta | Southeast Asia. |
| Hydrornis nipalensis | Blue-naped pitta | Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, and Vietnam. |
| Hydrornis soror | Blue-rumped pitta | Cambodia, China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam |
| Hydrornis oatesi | Rusty-naped pitta | China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. |
| Hydrornis schneideri | Schneider's pitta | Sumatra in Indonesia |
| Hydrornis caeruleus | Giant pitta | Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Thailand. |
| Hydrornis baudii | Blue-headed pitta | Borneo |
| Hydrornis cyaneus | Blue pitta | Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. |
| Hydrornis elliotii | Bar-bellied pitta | Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam |
| Hydrornis gurneyi | Gurney's pitta | Malay Peninsula |
| Hydrornis guajanus | Javan banded pitta | Java and Bali |
| Hydrornis irena | Malayan banded pitta | Thailand, the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. |
| Hydrornis schwaneri | Bornean banded pitta | Borneo |
# Lycophotia velata

Lycophotia velata is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in eastern Asia, including Siberia and Japan.
# Hygrohypnum styriacum

Hygrohypnum styriacum, commonly known as snow brook-moss or hygrohypnum moss is a species of moss found in the Northern Hemisphere.
It is present in Greenland Iceland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Sweden, Scotland and Spain (Andalusia, Sierra Nevada). The Scottish population is restricted to Coire an t-Sneachda in the Cairngorm mountains where it was first discovered in 1989.
The species occupies Arctic and alpine habitats. It is classified as "Imperiled" in British Columbia and in Britain is considered to be "Critically Endangered".