OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Malibu (Kim Petras song)

"Malibu" is a song by German singer-songwriter Kim Petras. It was released as a single on 7 May 2020.

## Background and release

On 1 May 2020, Petras announced that the song would be released on 7 May 2020. Petras described the song as a "return to color, the feeling of being in love, and the escapism pop that I love the most". Petras also revealed that she "had cried all [her] tears [in the last single, 'Reminds Me' and mixtape, Clarity] and moved on, so this is a reflection of how [she's] been feeling".
The song was included in the expansion pack The Sims 4: Eco Lifestyle with new vocals in Simlish, the fictional language spoken by Sims. Battle Royale game Fortnite also included "Malibu" in their 2021 Rainbow Royale pride event where the song would play in their Power Play radio stations used in the games cars.
The song was also featured in the June 2021 Rocket League soundtrack as both a Playlist song and as a player anthem.

## Composition

Petras described the track as a "pick-me-up pop song" which displays a "punchy mix of synth-bass squirts and tropical-funk guitar that lives up to its namesake".

## Reception

Desiree Guerrero from Out wrote that the track "might be the song of the summer", describing the song as "glittery, sugary, summery" which is "giving us all the fantasy pop escapism we need right now". Music critic Thomas Bleach named the song a "bonafide banger" and said it "deserves to be embraced on mainstream radio." Maxamillion Polo from Ones to Watch wrote that "'Malibu' is Petras at her finest" and called the song "a euphoric joyride from start to finish".

## Music video

Petras released an "at home" music video on 11 May 2020. Filmed in isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, it features appearances from Paris Hilton, Demi Lovato, Jonathan Van Ness, Madelaine Petsch, Todrick Hall, Pabllo Vittar, Jessie J, Charli XCX, Aly & AJ, Scott Hoying, Aquaria, Loren Gray, Nikita Dragun, Amanda Lepore, Dorian Electra, Bowen Yang, Slayyyter, and Teddy Quinlivan.

## Live performances

Petras performed "Malibu" on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on 10 July 2020. She also performed it during HBO Pride Live along with "Heart to Break" and "Blow It All".

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Scotland (OCC) | 88 |
| UK Independent Singles Breakers (OCC) | 15 |
# Mahoor Scores by Mokhber-Al-Saltaneh

Mahoor Scores By Mokhber-Al-Saltaneh is a book by Saman Pourisa about an old notation of Persian Music. It was published in 2011 by Iranian Academy of Arts. The title of the book is inspired of the name of the original writer of the notation Mehdi Qoli Hedayat (Mokhber-Al-Saltaneh). It consists of 5 chapters, and was nominated for the Winter 2012 Iran's season National Book award.

## Background

Persian (Iranian) music had been merely handed down orally from one generation to the next, and the Abjad system of notation had only been used in musical theories, not for practical use. Modern staff notation entered Iran in about 1850AD. After that, some Iranian musicians tried to write the radif of Persian music using this method. Among those musicians, two of them managed to write a comprehensive notation. The first one was Alinaghi Vaziri, but his recordings have been lost.
The second one which is actually the first preserved comprehensive notation of the radif was written by Mehdi Qoli Hedayat known as Mokhber-Al-Saltaneh.
# Mahooz

Mahooz is a neighborhood of Manama, Bahrain. The grave and shrine of the 13th century Shia theologian Maitham Al Bahrani is located in Mahooz.
* This Bahrain location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Lu opera

Luju or Lu opera (Chinese: 庐剧; pinyin: Lú jù, formerly known as daoqixi (倒七戏), is a variety of Chinese opera from the east-central province of Anhui, China. Luju's name came from the former name of Hefei, Lu Zhou. In 2006, Luju was regarded as Intangible cultural heritage in China.

## Artistic characteristics

The aria of Luju consists of two main types, homophony and coloratura. Homophony is for narrating and coloratura is for operetta. A lot of falsetto is used in the aria. In some occasion, artists on the stage or backstage would sing together to exaggerate the atmosphere.
The instruments played in Luju are gongs, drums and Gaohu, etc. The performing approaches of Luju draw on the experience of other Chinese operas, such as Peking opera and Huiju.

## Genres

Because of regional characteristics, Luju can be divided into three genres: West Road Genre, Middle Road Genre and East Road Genre. Lu'an is the center of West Road Genre. This genre has a more resounding music. Hefei is the center of Middle Road Genre. It's a combination of the west and east genre. Wuhu is the center of East Road Genre which is exquisite and sweet.

## History

The birth year of Luju is inconclusive yet, but it can date back to the middle of Qing dynasty. In early years, artists in Luju were less professional, and their actings were simpler. Singing was the most important way to portray characters. From 1920, Luju has been absorbing advantages of other Chinese operas and becoming more mature.

## Famous people

Famous Luju players are 黄冰, 武克英, and 丁玉兰, etc.

## Organization

Active Luju organizations are 合肥市庐剧院 and 皖西庐剧团.
# Joseph Allison (South African politician)

Joseph Allison was a South African (Boer) politician, born in the Cape Colony. In 1851 he was clerk to the British Resident and the Legislative Council of the Orange River Sovereignty. After the territory gained independence as Orange Free State Allison became a member of the Volksraad, government secretary (1862 – 1863) and treasurer, and briefly Acting State President of the Orange Free State in 1863, after President Pretorius had left the State. Allison had strong British sympathies.
# List of ship commissionings in 1862

The list of ship commissionings in 1862 includes a chronological list of ships commissioned in 1862. In cases where no official commissioning ceremony was held, the date of service entry may be used instead.
| Date | Operator | Ship | Class and type | Notes |
| June 25 | Royal Danish Navy | Absalon | 3rd class cruiser | |
| November 25 | United States Navy | Passaic | Passaic-class monitor | Lead ship of her class |
| December 14 | United States Navy | Montauk | Passaic-class monitor | At New York City with Commander John L. Worden in command |
| December 29 | United States Navy | Nahant | Passaic-class monitor |
# Lumbricus

The genus Lumbricus contains some of the most commonly seen earthworms in Europe among its nearly 700 valid species.
Characteristics of some commonly encountered species are:
* Lumbricus rubellus is usually reddish brown or reddish violet, iridescent dorsally, and pale yellow ventrally. They are usually about 25–105 mm in length, and have around 95-120 segments.
* Lumbricus castaneus varies from chesnut to violet brown; brown or yellow ventrally, and has an orange clitellum. They are usually about 30–70 mm long, and have around 82–100 segments.
* Lumbricus terrestris has several common names, including common earthworm, nightcrawler, and dew worm. It is strongly pigmented, brown-red dorsally, and yellowish ventrally. Setae are widely paired at both ends of the body. It is about 90–300 mm long, and has around 110–160 segments.
* Lumbricus festivus is not found in large numbers. It is red-brown, lighter ventrally, iridescent dorsally. The body length varies from 48 to 108 mm, with about 100–143 segments.
* Lumbricus badensis, the giant earthworm, also belongs to this genus. Its range is restricted to the Black Forest area of southwestern Germany. It is very large and grows up to 600mm.
# Lars and Christina Olsen House

The Lars and Christina Olsen House is a historic residence in southeastern Orem, Utah, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

## Description

The hosese is located at 417 South 800 East and was built in 1885 by Lars Olsen. Son Otto reportedly trained boxer great Jack Dempsey at this house.
It was listed on the NRHP June 11, 1998.
# Kosmos 359

Kosmos 359 was an unmanned Soviet probe launched on 22 August 1970. The probe's intended purpose was to explore Venus, but an error caused the final-stage rocket to malfunction. This left the craft trapped in an elliptical orbit around Earth for 410 days before orbital decay and atmospheric entry. Kosmos 359 was launched five days after Venera 7 and had an identical design; had the craft not suffered a mission-ending failure, it would have landed on Venus shortly after Venera 7. To publicly acknowledge the failure of the attempted Venus lander would be a public relations disaster for the Soviet space program; after the mission failed, the Venera spacecraft was renamed Kosmos 359 in order to conceal the mishap from the public.

## Design

The lander was designed to be able to survive atmospheric pressures of up to 180 bars (18,000 kPa) and temperatures of 580 °C (1,076 °F). This was significantly greater than what was expected to be encountered, but significant uncertainties as to the surface temperatures and pressure of Venus resulted in the designers opting for a large margin of error. The degree of hardening added mass to the probe, which limited the amount of mass available for scientific instruments on the probe and the interplanetary bus.

## Rocket malfunction

After reaching orbit, the main upper stage engine ignited late and shut down early after running for only twenty-five seconds. The error was ultimately attributed to an error in the DC transformer of the power supply system.

## Experiments

Kosmos 359 carried a limited set of scientific instruments, including a solar wind detector, cosmic-ray detector, resistance thermometer, and aneroid barometer.
# Ntwike

Ntwike is an administrative ward in the Iramba district of the Singida Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a total population of 14,221.
# The Genus Utricularia: A Taxonomic Monograph

The Genus Utricularia: A Taxonomic Monograph is a monograph by Peter Taylor on the carnivorous plant genus Utricularia, the bladderworts. It was published in 1989 by Her Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) as the fourteenth entry in the Kew Bulletin Additional Series. It was reprinted for The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1994.

## Background

Taylor's monograph represented the culmination of 41 years of research, which included numerous field trips and herbarium visits (Taylor observed 90 species in habitat and estimated he had examined more than 50,000 herbarium specimens). More than 900 Utricularia taxon names had to be considered for the revision, the vast majority of which proved to be synonyms.

## Content

Taylor recognised 214 species, which he classified into two subgenera and 35 sections. No infraspecific taxa were recognised. Each species was illustrated with a full-page line drawing created by the author and inked in by Sue Hillier. Taylor's species list and classification are now generally accepted with some additions of newly described taxa and modifications based on phylogenetic studies.

## Reviews

The book was well received and in particular praised for its scope and comprehensiveness. Donald Schnell reviewed the work for the March 1990 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter:
   Some may think me guilty of hyperbole after the following statement, but after careful consideration, I judge this to be the CP book publication event since Lloyd in 1942.
   After forty years of backbreaking, sometimes heartbreaking, excruciatingly detailed and careful study of the genus Utricularia by this author, frequently working on his own time into nights and weekends, this is what we have been waiting for. The meticulous balance and perspective of studying many thousands of herbarium specimens and living plants in situ throughout the world range are all here. In a foreword, Kew Gardens Director Ghillean Prance notes that here we have the unusual complete taxonomic study (nowadays) of a large and complex genus, but also a genus which is global in extent.
   [...] the book is soft cover but strongly manufactured. Paper and printing are excellent as is the line drawing and halftone work. There is a complete bibliography and index. I find the author's writing style to be particularly refreshing [in] these days of stilted academic conformity.
   [...] I can recommend this book without reservation, and it should be in the personal library of all serious CP students, especially those who are working with utricularias at all.
In a 1991 issue of the Kew Bulletin, Christopher D. K. Cook wrote of Taylor's monograph: "It is no disappointment. It is an admirable work that will remain the standard account for many years." James L. Luteyn of the New York Botanical Garden also gave a positive appraisal in Brittonia: "Forty years of love and devotion are reflected in this marvelous tome by the world's authority on bladderworts." But he added: "Two comments on the down side are that the specimen citations are restricted mostly to the types, and that the cover (in my copy) became unglued after I reviewed it."
# Mimer

Mimer may refer to:
* The Swedish and Danish name of the Norse god Mímir
* An iron ore mine in Norberg Municipality, Sweden
* Mimer SQL, a database management system named after the Norse god
* RoIP, a radio dispatch system
* Maharashtra Institute of Medical Education and Research
* Mizoram Institute of Medical Education & Research
# Racial Discrimination Act

Racial Discrimination Act may refer to:
* Racial Discrimination Act 1975 – an Act passed by the Australian government making racial discrimination unlawful
* Racial Discrimination Act 1944 – an Act passed on a provincial level prior to the Canadian Human Rights Act
# List of birds known as sulphur-crested cockatoo

The sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) is a relatively large white cockatoo found in wooded habitats in Australia, New Guinea, and some of the islands of Indonesia.
"Sulphur-crested cockatoo" may also refer to the following taxa:
* Greater sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita galerita), the nominate subspecies of sulphur-crested cockatoo
* Medium sulphur-crested cockatoo, an alternate name for the Eleonora cockatoo (Cacatua galerita eleonora)
* Lesser sulphur-crested cockatoo, an alternate name for the yellow-crested cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea)
# Lymaenon

Lymaenon is a genus of wasps belonging to the family Mymaridae.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Lymaenon hoplites Debauche, 1948
* Lymaenon spinozai Girault, 1912
* Lymaenon vladimiri Triapitsyn, 2013
# List of ecoregions in Ethiopia

The following is a list of ecoregions in Ethiopia, as identified by the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF).

## Terrestrial ecoregions

by major habitat type

### Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

* Ethiopian montane forests

### Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

* East Sudanian savanna
* Northern Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets
* Sahelian Acacia savanna
* Somali Acacia–Commiphora bushlands and thickets
* Victoria Basin forest–savanna mosaic

### Montane grasslands and shrublands

* Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands
* Ethiopian montane moorlands

### Deserts and xeric shrublands

* Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands
* Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands

## Freshwater ecoregions

* Ethiopian Highlands
* Lake Tana
* Northern Eastern Rift
* Lake Turkana
* Shebelle-Juba
* Upper Nile
* Lower Nile
* Western Red Sea Drainages
# Radcliff Hall

Radcliff Hall may refer to:

## People

* Radclyffe Hall (1880–1943), an English poet and author

## Buildings

* A fictional school in The Girls of Radcliff Hall, a lesbian roman-a-clef by Lord Berners
# Lynfred Winery

Lynfred Winery is a winery in Roselle, Illinois. It is the oldest, continuously operating family winery in Illinois.

## History

Lynfred Winery was founded on October 14, 1979, by Fred and Lynn Koehler. They started in a restored 1912 house in Roselle, Illinois, and began selling wine produced from California grapes out of the cellar in 1975. In 1985, their 1983 Chardonnay was awarded "Double Gold" at the National Restaurant Show in Chicago and won an award at the National Wine Competition for Chardonnays in Reno, Nevada. To meet demand, Lynfred opened a new winery in 1990, allowing them to produce nearly 100,000 US gallons (380,000 L; 83,000 imp gal) of wine per year.
In 1999, Lynfred opened Tasting deVine as a satellite store in Wheaton; a second location opened in Naperville in 2004. Lynfred also operates two tasting rooms; Wheeling, which opened in 2008, and Highland Park, which opened in 2022. Since 2002, Lynfred has run a bed and breakfast at their original location.

## Key People

Lynfred’s General Manager and Director of Winemaking is Andres Basso. Andres, born and raised in Chile, pursues the creation of premier wines in a wide variety of styles with fruits from the best producers in the United States, including California, Washington, Michigan and Illinois among others. To Lynfred, Andres brought experience gained in Chile with well-known companies Santa Rita and Concha y Toro following his graduation from the Universidad de Chile, followed by stints in Napa Valley (CA) at Merryvale and Columbia Valley (WA) at Gordon Brothers, as well as with Tarara Winery in northern Virginia. These experiences have provided him with a rich hands-on background and have blended with his gifted talent for tasting and sensory perception to form his personal signature in winemaking. Ultimately, the best fruit, cared for under the best conditions in the cellar transforms into a supreme delight when processed, aged and blended in his signature style and is unique to the Midwest.
Lynfred's Head Winemaker is Rodrigo Gonzalez. Rodrigo, a graduate of the University of Chile with a degree in Winemaking and a member of the Chilean College of Enologists, gained the majority of his experience as the Winemaker at Cremaschi Furlotti, located in Chile's Maule wine-growing region. Previously he worked at Casa Lapostolle and Viña Carmen, also in Chile.
At Cremaschi, many of Rodrigo’s wines garnered prestigious international medals. His skills captured international attention by winning a “Great Gold Medal” from "Concours Mondial de Bruxelless 2013" for his 2011 Single Vineyard Carmenere.
# Lupus vulgaris

Lupus vulgaris (also known as tuberculosis luposa) are painful cutaneous tuberculosis skin lesions with nodular appearance, most often on the face around the nose, eyelids, lips, cheeks, ears and neck. It is the most common Mycobacterium tuberculosis skin infection. The lesions may ultimately develop into disfiguring skin ulcers if left untreated.

## Signs and symptoms

It begins as painless reddish-brown nodules which slowly enlarge to form irregularly shaped red plaque.
* Lupus vulgaris, changes in skin in hyperkeratotic forms
* Lupus vulgaris in a woman, late 19th century
* Lupus vulgaris in a man, c. 1900
* Advanced lupus vulgaris over the entire face and neck

## Cause

Lupus vulgaris often develops due to inadequately treated pre-existing tuberculosis. It may also develop at site of BCG vaccination. Rarely, it has been shown to be associated with tattoo marks.

## Histopathology

Histologically, it shows presence of epithelioid cell granulomas with Langhans giant cells with or without central caseation necrosis in the dermis.

## Diagnosis

On diascopy, it shows characteristic "apple-jelly" color. Biopsy will reveal tuberculoid granuloma with few bacilli. Mantoux test is positive.

### Differential diagnosis

The condition should be distinguished from:
* Basal-cell carcinoma
* Sarcoidosis
* Discoid lupus erythomatosus
* Leprosy
* Deep fungal infection

## Management

A dermatologist or general physician usually administers combination therapy of drugs used for tuberculosis, such as rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide (possibly with either streptomycin or ethambutol).

## Prognosis

In longstanding scarred lesions, squamous-cell carcinoma can develop.

## History

In the 19th century, the chronic and progressive nature of this disease was particularly marked: it remained active for ten years, twenty years, or even longer and, proved resistant to all treatment until the breakthrough by Niels Ryberg Finsen using a form of "concentrated light radiation" or light therapy (now known as photobiomodulation) which won him a Nobel Prize.
The inscription on a bronze statue of Queen Alexandra of Great Britain, (1844–1925), consort to Edward VII, at the Royal London Hospital, notes that she "introduced to England the Finsen light cure for Lupus, and presented the first lamp to this hospital".

### Etymology

The term "lupus" (meaning "wolf" in Latin) to describe an ulcerative skin disease dates to the late thirteenth century, though it was not until the mid-nineteenth that two specific skin diseases were classified as lupus erythematosus and lupus vulgaris. The term may derive from the rapacity and virulence of the disease; a 1590 work described it as "a malignant ulcer quickly consuming the neather parts; ... very hungry like unto a woolfe".
# Lynching of Garfield King

Garfield King (c. 1880-May 25, 1898) was a black man lynched by a mob in Salisbury, Maryland. He reportedly shot Herman Kenney, a 22-year-old white man with a revolver after arguing.

## Lynching

Around 11 p.m on May 25, 1898, a number of men from Trappe approached the jail that King was being held in while awaiting trial for the shooting. By 12 a.m their numbers had reached about 100, both local and from outside of Salisbury. Shortly after they demanded that Sheriff Dashiell hand over the keys to the jail. After the Sheriff refused, the men used a telegraph pole as a ram to force open the gates of the jail. Once inside, the leader of the mob used a sledge hammer to break open the lock on King's cell. King was dragged from his cell to the courtyard, where the crowd tied a clothesline around his neck and hung him from a tree. King survived the initial hanging as the clothesline that was used broke. After a few minutes unconscious, King awoke and attempted to escape. He was then shot and beaten before a stronger rope was tied around his neck and he was strung up for a second time. King's body was riddled with more than 50 pistol and gunshot wounds. Newspapers reported that his body was "shot to pieces." The crowd dispersed around 2 a.m.
After the lynching, King's body was cut down and lain at the engine house. Crowds of people reportedly stole the threads of the rope that was used to hang King as a souvenir. King was later buried at the Potter's field of the city after his father was unable to retrieve his body.
A week afterwards, a coroner's inquest was opened into in order to identify the leader and participants of the lynching. Over 50 witnesses were called to give evidence, but no one was definitively identified. The leader of the lynching was described as a tall, lean man wearing a mask. It was reported that the leader may have been involved in other lynchings around the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Identification of the other men involved with the killing was hampered as many of them had their faces blackened or reddened. The verdict of the inquest concluded that King had been killed by unknown parties, and no charges were ever brought in his death.

## Legacy

On May 31, a group of local African-Americans convened in the John Wesley Methodist Episcopal Church and drafted a resolution condemning the lynching that was published in The Salisbury Advertiser on June 4, 1898.
His murder and the murders of two other victims of lynching in Salisbury were memorialized by the erection of a plaque next to the old Salisbury courthouse on May 23, 2021 by the Salisbury Lynching Memorial Task Force and the Equal Justice Initiative.