OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# MWM AKD 112 Z

The MWM AKD 112 Z is an air-cooled two-cylinder inline diesel engine produced by MWM from 1955 – 1960. One, three and four cylinder variants of the same engine family were also produced by MWM.

## Description

The AKD 112 Z is an air-cooled, two-cylinder, four stroke diesel engine with overhead valves. The letter Z means Zweizylinder, German for two cylinders.
The crankcase is a single cast piece, the drop-forged crankshaft with screwed on counter weights is supported in bearings made of steel-lead-bronze. The crank and shaft pins of the crankshaft are heat-hardened. Due to the air-cooling of the engine, the cylinders have cooling fins made of centrifugal cast metal. The combustion chamber of the engine is a part of the piston bowls, as the engine is direct-injected. The pistons are made of a special highly heat resistant light metal alloy, they have three piston rings and one oil control ring. The bigger conrod eyes are made of steel-lead-bronze, the upper smaller conrod eyes are made of special-bronze. The camshaft is supported by rolling bearings. The overhead valves are actuated by rockers and pushrods. The cylinder head is a single piece made of a chill cast, highly heat resistant light metal alloy. The engine's air filter is a wire-gauze type air filter. For dusty environments MWM offered an oilbath air filter. The air intake must not draw in hot air; this would reduce the engine's power output. The engine has a Bosch injection pump. It is controlled by a centrifugal control mechanism using a pushrod. The control trap makes it possible to change the injection time at the engine start-up to pump more fuel into the cylinder. A forced feed (wet sump) lubrication system lubricates the engine, powered by a gear oil pump. The oil is filtered by a strainer in the low pressure circuit, and a fine sieve strainer in the high pressure circuit. A gap filter in the high pressure circuit was also available. Being air-cooled, the AKD 112 Z has an axial cooling fan powered by the crankshaft using a belt. The power can be taken off the flywheel or the PTO-shaft. An electric motor can be used to start the engine, but a crank starting is standard. The AKD 112 Z has a decompression starting aid system. Being direct-injected, it does not have glowplugs.
| | AKD 112 Z |
| Production period | 1955 – 1960 |
| Engine configuration | Straight two-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine |
| Valvetrain | Overhead valves, actuated by pushrods and rocker arms |
| Bore × Stroke, Displacement | 98 × 120 mm 1810 cm³ |
| Maximum power output at 2000 min$^{−1}$ | 24 PS (17.7 kW) |
| Rated power output at 2000 min$^{−1}$ | 22 PS (16.2 kW) |
| Maximum torque at 1500 min$^{−1}$ | 9.1 kp⋅m (89.2 N⋅m) |
| Specific fuel consumption at highest torque | 251.2 g/kWh ±10 % |
# Ralph Dowey

Ralph Dowey (1844 – 1909) was a Northumberland born miner, songwriter and poet.
Ralph Dowey was born in October 1844 at 42 South Row, West Holywell, a small Colliery village approx. 4 miles west of Whitley Bay, which at the time was in the county of Northumberland. He was a miner by trade, like so many Geordie songwriters
Songwriting was a hobby, and according to Thomas Allan in his Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings won at least 8 prizes for his songs in the various North Eastern songwriting competitions. His works appeared in Frazer’s and Tweed’s Almanacs and the Blyth Weekly News.
In 1865 he married Hannah Elizabeth Dowson (b1844) and they had at least 2 children John R (b1869), Mary A (b1877). He died in Gateshead in 1909.
His many works include "The Picnic Day" which was first published in the Blyth Weekly News in 1891 and tells of a family dressing up for a picnic in Morpeth
# Mac Eoin

Mac Eoin, MacEoin or McEoin is an Irish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Denis MacEoin (born 1949), Irish editor
* Gearóid Mac Eoin (born 1929), Irish academic
* Seán Mac Eoin (1893–1973), Irish politician
* Tomás Mac Eoin (born 1937), Irish singer
* Owen MacEoin Dubh MacAlister (?–1571), Chief of Clan MacAlister
* Athairne Mac Eoghain (1200–1600), Irish poet
# Pachyseius humeralis

Pachyseius humeralis is a species of mite in the family Pachylaelapidae. It is found in Europe.
# Pakhapani, Myagdi

Pakhapani, Myagdi is a Pun village situated in Rural Municipality in Myagdi District in the Dhaulagiri Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2565 people living in 533 individual households.
# Rajski Do

Rajski Do (Serbian Cyrillic: Рајски До) is a village in the municipality of Trnovo, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Palazzo Melzi d'Eril, Milan

The Palazzo Melzi d'Eril is a neoclassical-style palace located on Via Manin #21-23 in Milan, region of Lombardy, Italy.

## History

The palace was designed by Giocondo Albertolli, while Giacomo Moraglia to design the facade. At one time the palace had a large garden attached. The base has pink hewn stone, while the upper floors have a sober retitive structure with a large balcony over the entrance. . A distinct Palazzo Mezi d'Eril was erected in 1483 in Vaprio d'Adda.
# List of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1993

This is a list of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1993.

## Fellows

* Alan Astbury
* Alan David Baddeley
* Frederick Michael Burdekin
* Timothy Hugh Clutton-Brock
* David George Crighton (1942–2000)
* Richard Anthony Crowther
* Sir Howard Dalton (1944–2008)
* Geoffrey Dearnaley (d. 2009)
* Martin Evans
* Ian Fleming
* Ludwig Edward Fraenkel
* Sir Richard Henry Friend
* Christopher John Raymond Garrett
* Keith Glover
* Michael George Hall
* David Rodney Roger Heath-Brown
* John Hughes
* Robin Francis Irvine
* Patricia Ann Jacobs
* Michael Joseph Kelly
* Kevin Kendall
* Franz Daniel Kahn (1926–1998)
* Trevor Lamb
* Sydney Leach
* Angus John Macintyre
* Michael Neuberger
* Ian Newton
* Colin Patterson (1933–1998)
* Colin Trevor Pillinger
* Ghillean Prance
* Edward Osmund Royle Reynolds
* John David Rhodes
* James Cuthbert Smith
* Brian Geoffrey Spratt
* David John Stevenson
* Bruce William Stillman
* Andrew James Thomson
* Peter John Twin
* Anthony Edward Walsby
* John William White

## Foreign members

* Bruce Alberts
* Lennart Axel Edvard Carleson
* Richard R. Ernst
* Jean-Marie Lehn
* Motoo Kimura (1924–1994)
* Edwin Ernest Salpeter (d. 2008)
# List of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1996

This is a list of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1996.

## Fellows

* Alfred Rodney Adams
* Jan Mary Anderson
* Jonathan Felix Ashmore
* David Beach
* John Michael Brown
* Christopher Martin Dobson
* Patrick Joseph Dowling
* Dianne Edwards
* Peter Philip Edwards
* Andrew Christopher Fabian
* William James Feast
* Michael Denis Gale (1943–2009)
* David Gubbins
* Frederick Duncan Michael Haldane
* Thomas Michael Jessell
* Sir David Philip Lane
* Martin Geoffrey Low (1950-2013)
* Andrew Geoffrey Lyne
* Nicholas Stephen Manton
* Francis Patrick McCormick
* Iain MacIntyre (d. 2009)
* Thomas Wilson Meade
* Stewart Crichton Miller (1934-1999)
* Ian Mark Mills
* Mudumbai Seshachalu Narasimhan
* Linda Partridge
* Malcolm Peaker
* John Anthony Pickett
* Peter Nicholas Pusey
* Sir Martin Roth (1917-2006)
* Christopher Tadeusz Czeslaw Sachrajda
* Ekhard Karl Hermann Salje
* Timothy Shallice
* George David William Smith
* Edwin Smith
* David Ian Stuart
* Grant Robert Sutherland
* Martin John Taylor
* Phillip Vallentine Tobias (1925–2012)
* James Hunter Whitelaw (1936-2006)

## Foreign members

* James Edwin Darnell
* Jacques Louis Lions (1928-2001)
* Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle
* James Robert Rice
* Michael G Rossmann
* Martin Schwarzschild (1912-1997)
# Madelyne Woods

Madelyne Woods is a cable television personality who appeared on BET throughout the 1990s. She completed undergraduate at University of Maryland at College Park graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in Journalism in 1986. She completed her master's degree in Mass Communication at Howard University, graduating in 1987. Not long after joining BET, she was anchoring the BET Newsbriefs, one-minute news updates that aired during program breaks. Over the span of her career at BET, she was assigned to various news / interview shows, including the opportunity to host Video LP as Sherry Carter transitioned into hosting Video Soul, the flagship prime-time entertainment program for the network.
Although not specifically tied to any rap-formatted show on BET, Woods maintained popularity within the hip hop community. She was immortalized in the lyrics of the Tribe Called Quest song "Electric Relaxation":
   "Not to come across as a thug or a hood, But hon, you got the goods, like Madelyne Woods"
# Mablo

Mablo is a community in Kumbungu District in the Northern Region of Ghana.
# Mably, Loire

Mably (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loire department in central France.

## International relations

Mably is twinned with:
* Wantage-Grove,_Oxfordshire, England
* Wannweil, Germany
* Piatra Neamţ, Romania
# Palacio Cabanellas

The Palacio Cabanellas (Spanish, Cabanellas Palace) is a historical building in the city of Rosario, province of Santa Fe, Argentina. It is located in the downtown area, occupying the southwestern corner of San Luis St. and Sarmiento St.
The palace was projected around 1914 by the Majorcan architect Francisco Roca (Francesc Roca i Simó), who had been personally influenced by Antoni Gaudí during his studies in Barcelona. It was built in 1916 under the direction of Luis B. Laporte. It is one of very few examples of Modernisme (Catalan-style Art Nouveau) found in Rosario.
It was restored under official sponsorship during the mid-2000s, in order to repair fissures and replace outer details.
In 2006 the Palacio was one of the locations of the movie ¿De quién es el portaligas? (released 2007), directed by Rosario-born popular composer Fito Páez.
# Palestine at the 2000 Summer Olympics

Athletes from the Palestinian territories, represented by the Palestine Olympic Committee and competing as Palestine, participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.

## Athletics
### Key

* Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Ramy Deeb | 20 km walk | 1:32:32 | 44 |

## Swimming
### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Samar Nassar | 50 m freestyle | 30.05 | 65 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Raj Kishore Kesri

Raj Kishore Kesri (died 2011) was an Indian politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party in Bihar. He was accused of rape and sexual exploitation by school principal Rupam Pathak, who stabbed him to death in January 2011. He represented the Purnia in the state legislature.
The initial police investigation, carried out by the state was widely accused of being politically motivated, especially when the news editor who had first published the rape news was arrested. Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar has asked for a probe by the Central Bureau of Investigation which is taking up the investigation.
Rupam Pathak has been awarded life imprisonment for the murder.
# Raj Kishore

Raj Kishore (1933 – 7 April 2018) was an Indian actor who played roles in the Indian films such as Sholay (1975), Padosan (1968), Deewaar (1975), Ram Aur Shyam (1967), Hare Rama Hare Krishna (1971), Karishma Kudrat Kaa (1985), Aasmaan (1984), Bombay To Goa (1972) and Karan Arjun (1995).

## Personal life and death

Kishore was married to Lisa Kishore and had a son, Prem Kishore. He died on 7 April 2018 at the age of 85, due to a heart attack.
# Palefin sawbelly

The palefin sawbelly (Hoplostethus latus) is a medium-sized deep-sea fish species belonging to the slimehead family. It is native to Australia's southern waters and the Eastern Indian Ocean where it lives at depths between 146 and 586 metres (479 and 1,923 ft) on the continental slope and continental shelf. It can reach sizes of up to 53.0 centimetres (20.9 in) TL.
# Machang

Machang may refer to:
* Machang District, Kelantan, Malaysia
** Machang (town)
** Machang (federal constituency)
* Machang, Anhui, a town in Quanjiao County, China
* Machang, Puding County, a town in Guizhou, China
* Machang, Qing County, a town in Hebei, China
* Machang station, a subway station in Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
* Zongzi, or machang, a rice dish
# Machang Subdistrict

Machang Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 马场街道; traditional Chinese: 馬場街道; pinyin: Mǎchǎng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located on the northwestern corner of Hexi District, Tianjin, China. It shares border with Xinxing and Taoyuan Subdistricts to its north, Xiuyue Road Subdistrict to its east, Tianta and Youyi Road Subdistricts to its south, as well as Shuishang Gongyuan and Xuefu Subdistrict to its west. Its population was 54,949 as of 2010.
The subdistrict was established in 1954. Its name (Chinese: 马场; lit. 'Horse Racing Venue') came from a horse racing venue that was constructed here in 1890s, back when this region was a part of the British concession of Tianjin.

## Administrative divisions

So far in 2021, Machang Subdistrict consists of 10 communities, which are listed as follows:
| Subdivision Names | Name Transliterations |
| 三合里 | Sanheli |
| 四化里 | Sihuali |
| 新闻里 | Xinwenli |
| 文静里 | Wenjingli |
| 先进里 | Xianjinli |
| 德才里 | Decaili |
| 金山里 | Jinshanli |
| 气象里 | Qixiangli |
| 君禧华庭 | Junxi Huating |
| 卫星雅苑 | Weixing Yayuan |

## Gallery

* View of the Tianjin TV Tower from the northern bank of Wenjin River, 2011
* Tianjin Natural History Museum, 2011
* Building of the former British Race Club, 2011
* China Tianjin Binshui Dongli Apartment, 2015
# PSMA

PSMA may refer to:
* Port State Measures Agreement, an international treaty
* Prostate-specific membrane antigen, a human enzyme
# Pallas (society)

Pallas is an Estonian art association, which was established in 1918 in Tartu. The association was re-established in 1988 in Tartu.
In 1919, the society established the Pallas Art School.
Notable members before 1940:
* Ants Laikmaa
* Konrad Mägi
* Villem Ormisson
* Kristjan Raud
* Marie Reisik
* Eduard Rüga
* Aleksander Tassa
* Nikolai Triik
* Ado Vabbe
* Aleksander Vardi
# Pallas (crater)

Pallas is a heavily eroded lunar impact crater located to the north of the Sinus Medii. It was named after the German-born Russian natural historian Peter Simon Pallas. To the northwest is the smaller but less worn crater Bode. Pallas shares a low wall with the crater Murchison that is attached to the southeast, and there are two gaps in the shared rim.
The outer wall of Pallas is worn, notched, and somewhat distorted in shape. The associated crater Pallas A lies across the northwest rim. The inner floor of Pallas has been flooded by lava, leaving a relatively flat surface. The crater possesses a central peak complex.

## Lunar flare

On November 15, 1953, the physician and amateur astronomer Dr. Leon H. Stuart took a picture of the Moon that appeared to show a flare of light about 16 km southeast of Pallas. The flare was estimated to last for about 8–10 seconds. The report was published in a 1956 issue of The Strolling Astronomer, a newsletter. However the incident was dismissed by professionals of the period as more likely a meteoroid entering the Earth's atmosphere.
Many years later Dr. Bonnie Buratti of JPL saw the photograph and decided to investigate. Assisted by a graduate student, she identified a 1.5 km. diameter crater imaged by the Clementine spacecraft. The crater has the correct size, shape, and albedo to match the expected impact energy. Some astronomers now agree that Dr. Stuart may indeed have photographed an asteroid impact on the Moon.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Pallas.
| Pallas | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 6.0° N | 2.3° W | 11 km |
| B | 4.2° N | 2.6° W | 4 km |
| C | 4.5° N | 1.1° W | 6 km |
| D | 2.4° N | 2.6° W | 4 km |
| E | 4.0° N | 1.4° W | 26 km |
| F | 3.4° N | 1.3° W | 18 km |
| H | 4.6° N | 1.5° W | 5 km |
| N | 7.0° N | 0.5° E | 6 km |
| V | 1.7° N | 1.5° W | 3 km |
| W | 3.6° N | 1.3° W | 3 km |
| X | 5.2° N | 3.2° W | 3 km |
# Magda Hollander-Lafon

Madga Hollander-Lafon (15 June 1928 – 26 November 2023) was a Hungarian-born French writer, psychologist, and educator.
Of Jewish origin, Hollander-Lafon was deported to Auschwitz but survived the Holocaust. She moved to France in 1954 and wrote the books Quatre petits bouts de pain and Demain au creux de nos mains.

## Biography

Born in Záhony on 15 June 1928, Hollander-Lafon's mother, Esther, and her younger sister, Irène, were killed during the Holocaust. However, Hollander-Lafon lied about her age, claiming to be eighteen, so that she could work in forced labor and survive. During a transfer in April 1945, she escaped alongside four other deportees, who were found by American soldiers. She attributed her survival to a dying woman who shared bread with her and a guard who gave her shoes to help with her work.
After her freedom, Hollander-Lafon became an educator and child psychologist, having trained in France and Belgium. She moved to France in 1954, where she remained for the rest of her life. She spent 44 years caring for children in an orphanage, where she converted to Christianity.
Madga Hollander-Lafon died in Rennes on 26 November 2023, at the age of 95.

## Works

* Quatre petits bouts de pain (2012)
* Demain au creux de nos mains (2021)

## Tributes

* The Établissement Régional d’Enseignement Adapté de Rennes was named after her
* A square in Vern-sur-Seiche was named after her on 26 March 2022
# Magda Horváth

Magda Horváth is a Hungarian orienteering competitor. At the 1970 World Orienteering Championships in Friedrichroda she finished 19th in the individual event, and received a silver medal in the relay with the Hungarian team (with Ágnes Hegedűs and Sarolta Monspart). At the 1972 World Championships she finished 8th in the individual event, and fourth in the relay.
# Palais Wittgenstein (Düsseldorf)

Palais Wittgenstein (Düsseldorf) is a theatre in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
51°13′21″N 6°46′21″E﻿ / ﻿51.22241°N 6.77263°E﻿ / 51.22241; 6.77263
* This German theatre-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a North Rhine-Westphalian building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Palais de Danse

A palais de danse may refer to:

## Buildings

* A dance hall
* Palais de Danse, St Kilda, a dance hall in St Kilda, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
* Palais de Danse, St Ives, a former cinema and dance hall in St Ives, Cornwall, England, UK
* PRYZM, Nottingham, a nightclub in Nottingham, England, formerly the Palais de Danse
* Hammersmith Palais, also known as Hammersmith Palais de Danse, a former dance hall and entertainment venue in Hammersmith, London
* Wattle Path Palais de Danse, a former dance hall, opened in 1923 in St Kilda, Victoria, Australia

## Other uses

* Palais de danse (film), a 1928 British film directed by Maurice Elvey
# Paigu

The Chinese paigu (排鼓; pinyin: páigǔ; also spelled pai gu) is a set of three to seven tuned drums (in most instances five are used), traditionally made of wood with animal skin heads. It is played by beating the heads (and sometimes also the body) with sticks. Most drums are double-sided and turnable. Both sides have different tunings. Tuning is done through the use of Allen keys.
# Raghunathpalle

Raghunathpalle is a village and a mandal in Jangaon district in the state of Telangana in India.
# MV Thalia

Thalia was the name of two motor vessels operated by Dampfschiffahrts-Gesellschaft Neptun (Neptun Line).
* MV Thalia (1936), requisitioned in 1939 by the Kriegsmarine, surrendered to the United Kingdom in 1945 and renamed Empire Consett
* MV Thalia (1955), sold in 1971 to Greece
# Pakistan Hindu Mandir Management Committee

The Pakistan Hindu Mandir Management Committee is the first of its kind instituted by the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Inter-faith Harmony in Pakistan. The committee was formed to oversee the affairs of Hindu places of worship in the country.

## Formation

This committee was formed on 29 December 2021. The inaugural meeting of the Pakistan Hindu Temple Management Committee was chaired by the then Federal Minister for Religious Affairs Noorul Haq Qadri.
The formation of the committee is being seen as an important step towards promoting harmony among people of different cultures in the region.
The committee consists of several members and is headed by Krishna Sharma.

## Responsibilities

The main objective of the committee is to act as a bridge between the non-Muslim population and the state. The committee is expected to help solve the problems faced by the Pakistani Hindu community.
The Committee shall also be responsible for facilitating the Hindu Yatris (pilgrims) and making their journey and stay within Pakistan as comfortable as possible, besides making other necessary arrangements for their reception and farewell on every religious occasion.

## Notable works

One of the notable steps taken by the committee is the recovery of the historic Nila Gumbad Valmiki Hindu temple in Lahore from illegal occupants. The temple was in dispute for 12 years and was finally reclaimed by the Evacuee Trust Property Board (ETPB) after a long court battle.
# Palm Bay Imports, Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee en 1772

Palm Bay Imports, Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee en 1772, 396 F.3d 1369 (Fed. Cir. 2005), was a case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit clarifying the doctrine of foreign equivalents. The court explained that there is a threshold limitation to applying the doctrine of foreign equivalents. The doctrine "should be applied only when it is likely that the ordinary American purchaser would 'stop and translate [the word] into its English equivalent.'"
# Madatally Manji

Madatally Manji (1918 – 9 September 2006) was a Kenyan industrialist and entrepreneur, best known for founding the House of Manji, a food manufacturing company.
Manji was born in Nyeri, in Kenya's Central Province. He left school early, and worked for some years in a grocery shop, before going into business with his 7 brothers in 1941. In the subsequent decades his business interests were dominated by food manufacturing. Although best known for biscuits, he also manufactured Weetabix and Buitoni pasta, sweets and, in the early days, bread. Although Kenya was always his base, he also developed businesses in Tanzania, Pakistan and the UK.
He and his wife, Fatima Manji, were renowned for their parties.

## Death

Madatally Manji, the most publicly famous of the 7 founding brothers, died on 9 September 2006, leaving his wife, Fatima, his children, Julie, Salim and Firoze Manji, his grandchildren, Ambreena, Zia, Ahsan, Tehmeena, Kainde, Sembene, Feisal and Tasneem, his great grandson Rafik, and great nephew Miraz. Miraz founded a business printing company in Canada called TLAC Toronto Printing.