OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gravitational decoherence

Gravitational decoherence is a term for hypothetical mechanisms by which gravitation can act on quantum mechanical systems to produce decoherence. Advocates of gravitational decoherence include Frigyes Károlyházy, Roger Penrose and Lajos Diósi.
A number of experiments have been proposed to test the gravitational decoherence hypothesis.
Dmitriy Podolskiy and Robert Lanza have argued that gravitational decoherence may explain the existence of the arrow of time.
# Innico d'Avalos d'Aragona

Innico d'Avalos d'Aragona (1535/36–1600) was an Italian Cardinal, from Naples.
He was the son of condottiero Alfonso d'Avalos and Maria d'Aragona, from the family of the Dukes of Montalto [es], Spanish nobility. In 1563, he constructed the Castello d'Avalos on Procida, a small island in the Gulf of Naples.
After a period as lay administrator (he was for a while Chancellor of the Kingdom of Naples, he was made bishop of Mileto in 1566, bishop of Sabina in 1586, bishop of Frascati in 1589, bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina in 1591.
In Spain, another clergyman member of this family was cardinal Gaspar Dávalos de la Cueva.

## Episcopal succession

* Episcopal succession of Innico d'Avalos d'Aragona
* While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of:
* Francesco Cittadini, Bishop of Castro del Lazio (1569);
* Girolamo Rustici, Bishop of Tropea (1570);
* Lelio Zibramonti, Bishop of Alba (1583);
* Maffeo Venier, Archbishop of Corfù (1583);
* Scipione Gonzaga, Titular Patriarch of Jerusalem (1585);
* and the principal co-consecrator of:
* Francisco Pacheco de Toledo, Bishop of Burgos (1567).
# Her Marriage Lines

Her Marriage Lines is a 1917 British silent crime film directed by Frank Wilson and starring Stewart Rome, Chrissie White and Violet Hopson.

## Cast

* Stewart Rome as Godfrey
* Chrissie White as Jean Neville
* Violet Hopson as Sybil Ransley
* Lionelle Howard as Stephen Maybridge
* Henry Vibart as Lord Ransly
* Florence Nelson as Lady Ransley
* Frank Wilson as Rev. Neville
# Yadavuru

Yadavuru is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Amruthallur mandal of Tenali revenue division.

## Government and politics

Yadavuru gram panchayat is the local self-government of the village. The panchayat has a total of 10 wards and each ward is represented by an elected ward member. The present sarpanch of the gram panchayat is Kurra Nagamalleswari, who got elected in the year 2013.
# Herpetogramma subnitens

Herpetogramma subnitens is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Schaus in 1920. It is found in Trinidad and French Guiana.
# Light tent

A light tent, a kind of photography light modifier, is a box used for taking photos of objects without casting shadows. It can, for example, be used to take pictures of a physical product for use in an encyclopedia, for documentation or for marketing. The combination of evenly distributed lighting and the diffusing material means that minimal shadows are cast, and it can appear as if the pictured product is "floating in nothing", and a neutral image without a disturbing background can be achieved. Glossy or reflective objects in particular can require a light tent in order to avoid unwanted reflections in the picture.

## Walls and materials

The walls in the box is made of a diffusing material such that light spreads well when it hits the surface. White is the most commonly used color, but other colors can also be used. This contributes to uniform lighting of the object. For example, one can use matte white paper sheets, but felt or another types of matte textile can also function as a background and substrate.

### Size

Light tents come in various sizes, but typically occupy an area of less than 2×2 metres, and can typically be placed on top of a small table. A rule of thumb is that the tent should be large enough to have at least 10 cm of clearance on all sides of the object to be photographed. Many light tents are portable.

### Openings

The box may have one or several openings to the outside so that the photographer can get access for taking a picture with a camera. Some light tents have a completely open front, while others have one or more small hatches that can be opened to insert the camera lens.

## Lighting

The box can either have integrated lighting or be illuminated by lamps from the outside, for example with one lamp on each side of the light tent. Alternatively, a 3-point lighting can be used:
* Key light: Stands approximately 30 degrees to the side and up from the camera's axis towards the object.
* Fill light: Also stands on the front of the object, but on the opposite side (right versus left) and should ensure that there is not too much shadow. Preferably set a little lower than the key light.
* Back light: Should stand behind the object and slightly to the side, and is used to separate the object from the background.
* Setup
* Result

### Color temperature

To achieve a good result, it is recommended that the object should be illuminated by lamps with the same color temperature (expressed in kelvin or K). Different color temperatures may occur in cases where, for example, lamps with different types of bulbs are used, or if there is a combination of indoor lighting and natural daylight.

## Camera settings

For product photography, high f-numbers (small aperture, long depth of field) are most often used, for example 8 to 16. It is also recommended to use low ISO-values to minimize noise, for example 100 to 200. The white balance may be based on daylight (5000 K to 6500 K) unless the lighting indicates otherwise.
# Marianne Dujardin

Marianne Dujardin, (ca. 1680 - floruit 1746), was a French actress, opera singer, and theatre director. She was the director of the La Monnaie in Brussels from 1724 to 1726. Dujardin is regarded as one of the earliest and most notable French female theatre directors and as a pioneer for colleagues of her gender in that role.

## Life

Dujardin was part of the choir of the Royal Music Academy of Paris. As part of this choir, she took on small roles in performances such as Iphigénie et Tauride by Antoine Danchet and André Campra (6 May 1704), La Vénitienne by Antoine Houdar de La Motte and Michel de La Barre (16 May 1705), and in a reprisal of Alceste by Philippe Quinault and Jean-Baptiste Lully (25 November 1706). From then on, she also performed larger roles, such as Junon in Sémélé by La Motte and Marin Marais (9 April 1709), and Manto in Manto la Fée by Mennesson and Jean-Baptiste Stuck (29 January 1711). Manto was her last role at l'Opera, which she left to travel to Rouen.
During the next year, Dujardin directed a troupe that performed in Brussels and Ghent. The troupe arrived in Rennes in 1718, and travelled further north towards Lille. She joined the troupe of Denis and Garnier, and later took on leadership over this group.
This new troupe performed in The Hague and Antwerp between 1721 and 1723, and in Brussels in 1724, where Dujardin became director of La Monnaie from 1725 to 1726. She directed the theater of Metz (1729-1731), and travelled to Avignon (1731), Bayonne (1733), Toulouse and Montauban (1734), and finally to Marseille (1734-1736).
In 1735, Dujardin received permission to build a new, open theater hall in the garden of the Hôtel de Ville of Bordeaux. Afterwards, she found herself in Bayonne (1736-1737), Avignon (1738), and Toulouse (1737). She returned to Marseille in 1738. She sang at Bordeaux and Toulouse in 1746. This is the last that is known of her.
# Elytron (journal)

Elytron is a Spain-based journal for specialists in coleopterology (the study of beetles). It was first published in 1987.
* This article about a zoology journal is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.See tips for writing articles about academic journals. Further suggestions might be found on the article's talk page.
* v
* t
* e
# Elytroleptus similis

Elytroleptus similis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak & Linsley in 1965.
# Elytron (annelid anatomy)

In annelids, elytra (/-trə/; from Greek ἔλυτρον "sheath, cover"; sg.: elytron /ˈɛlətrɒn/) are shield-like scales that are attached dorsally, one pair on each of a number of alternating segments and entirely or partly cover the dorsum. Elytra are modified dorsal cirri, and their number, size, location, and ornamentation are important taxonomic characters. The basal part of the elytra is known as the elytrophore; if (as is often the case) elytra are lost their presence is indicated by the elytrophore which is still present and visible.
Annelids possessing elytra are also known as "scale worms". Possession of elytra is characteristic of the annelid suborder Aphroditiformia.

## Gallery

* A Eunoe leiotentaculata specimen showing its 15 pairs of elytra.
* Euphione sp. specimen with its highly ornamented elytra.
# Emma Isaacs

Emma Isaacs is an Australian entrepreneur. She is the owner and Global CEO of Business Chicks, Australia's business women's community.

## Career

Isaacs was 18 when she bought her first business, a recruitment company called Staff It. When she was 25, she went to her first Business Chicks event and later bought the business. Under Isaacs' direction, Business Chicks has hosted speakers including Sir Richard Branson, Nicole Kidman, Jamie Oliver, Bob Geldof and Arianna Huffington.
When Isaacs first bought Business Chicks she thought that the networking group would be a side job to her recruitment agency. It was from this, that Business Chicks has become a large business community for women in Australia. With over 44000 members, Business Chicks is one of the only networks of its kind in Australia, hosting regular events that strive to empower women.
Isaacs was previously the president of the Sydney chapter of Entrepreneurs' Organisation. She has also sat on the board for The Hunger Project. Isaacs now writes a column for the Business Chicks magazine.
In August 2018, she was interviewed by Radio National's Life Matters program about risk-taking.

### Books

* Winging it, Macmillan by Pan Macmillan Australia, 2018 ISBN 9781760556488
* The New Hustle, Macmillan by Pan Macmillan Australia, 2021 ISBN 9781760787660

### Honours

* Telstra Business Women's Awards in 2015.
* Isaacs named one of Australia's nine most influential female entrepreneurs by Sydney Morning Herald in 2016.

## Personal life

Isaacs is married and has six children. She currently resides in Los Angeles.
On 14 February 2023, Isaacs publicly revealed her relationship with speaker and poet Azure Antoinette.
# Emily Sargent

Emily Sargent (1857–1936) was an artist best known for her watercolors and the sister of John Singer Sargent. She did not exhibit her own work during her lifetime. But 440 of her works were discovered in 1998 in a trunk in a family residence. Many of these works have been given to some of the world's best known museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (45 paintings), the Tate Gallery (29), the National Gallery of Art (25), the Metropolitan Museum of Art (22), the Brooklyn Museum (20), the Ashmolean Museum (19), as well as the Sargent House Museum (15) in Gloucester, Massachusetts, where several of her ancestors lived.
The first major exhibition of her work Emily Sargent, A Glimpse into her World was held at the Cape Ann Museum in Gloucester, Massachusetts in 2022.

## Early life

Emily Sargent was a descendant of Epes Sargent, a colonial military leader and jurist. Her father, FitzWilliam (b. 1820 in Gloucester, Massachusetts), was an eye surgeon at the Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia from 1844 to 1854. Her mother, Mary Newbold Sargent (née Singer, 1826–1906), suffered a breakdown after the death of her first child, and the couple decided to go abroad to recover. They were nomadic expatriates for the rest of their lives. Sargent's parents were based in Paris, but moved regularly, spending time at the sea and at mountain resorts in France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland.
While Mary was pregnant with her son, John Singer Sargent, they stopped in Florence, Tuscany, because of a cholera epidemic. John was born there in 1856. A year later, his sister Emily was born, also in Italy. After her birth, FitzWilliam resigned his post in Philadelphia and accepted his wife's request to remain abroad. They lived on a small inheritance and savings, leading a quiet life with their children. They generally avoided society and other Americans, except for friends in the art world. Three more children were born abroad, of whom only two lived past childhood.
At age four, Emily Sargent had a serious spinal injury, followed by a prolonged immobilization, resulting in lifelong frailty. Nevertheless, she traveled and painted throughout Europe and the Near East. Their mother made sure that all the children learned to draw and paint.
Emily and John were close and both lived in Europe most of their lives, often traveling together. Neither married or had children, and Emily sometimes served as his hostess and helped him with his clients.
* Donated to the Met in 1950 by the Sargent family and attributed to John Singer Sargent. Now attributed to Emily Sargent
* View of Constantinople (1904)
# MODS

MODS may refer to:
* Metadata Object Description Schema, a bibliographic description schema
* Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility assay
* Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
* Microsoft Office Document Scanning
* Military Orbital Development System, created by the US Air Force Space System Division
* Multiplexed Optical Data Storage
* Museum of Discovery and Science, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, US
* Model Organism Databases, databases that house and disseminate organism-specific biological knowledge
# MODELISAR

MODELISAR was an ITEA 2 (Information Technology for European Advancement) European project aiming to improve the design of systems and of embedded software in vehicles. The MODELISAR goals were to:
* Support the AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) standard (AUTOSAR is a standardized automotive software architecture)
* Develop the Functional Mock-up Interface standardized interface
The MODELISAR project started in 2008, ended Dec 2011 to define the Functional Mock-up Interface specifications, deliver technology studies, prove the FMI concepts through Use Cases elaborated by the consortium partners and enable tool vendors to build advanced prototypes or in some cases even products. MODELISAR has been awarded during ITEA 2 & ARTEMIS co summit with a Silver award.
Although in MODELISAR the focus was driven by automotive Use Cases, the FMI specifications could be independently defined. Therefore the FMI can now address others industrial domains such as Energy, Aerospace, Rail.
# MODISC

MODISC may refer to:
* Magneto-optical disc, a computer storage medium introduced in 1985
* M-DISC, an archival type of recordable DVD or Blu-ray disc media
# Emblyna hentzi

Emblyna hentzi is a species of mesh web weaver in the spider family Dictynidae. It is found in the United States and Canada.
# Emblyna phylax

Emblyna phylax is a species of mesh web weaver in the spider family Dictynidae. It is found in the United States and Canada.
# M. B. Rajesh

M. B. Rajesh (born 12 March 1971) is an Indian politician who has served as the State Minister for Local Self-Governments and Excise of Kerala, since 2022 and Minister of Parliamentary Affairs, since 2024. He previously served as the Speaker of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2021 to 2022 and represents Thrithala State Assembly Constituency since 2021.
He was a Member of the Lok Sabha representing Palakkad Lok Sabha Constituency from 2009 to 2019.

## Life

Rajesh was born in Jalandhar, Punjab on 12 March 1971 as the eldest son of Balakrishnan Nair and M. K. Remani. A native of Kayiliad, Chalavara, Shornur in Palakkad, Rajesh graduated in law from Government Law College, Thiruvananthapuram and post-graduated in economics from NSS College, Ottapalam. By profession, he is an advocate. Rajesh is married to Ninitha Kanicheri, who is an assistant professor at Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit.

## Political career

Rajesh started his political life while he was a school student by organizing the SFI at the school level. Later he became the President and then-Secretary of SFI Kerala State Committee. He also held positions including the Joint Secretary and Vice President of SFI Central Committee. After his student life, he was active in the DYFI where he became the National President. Rajesh is now a member of the Kerala state committee of CPI(M). M B Rajesh is the current lawmaker from Thrithala legislative constituency in Palakkad district.

## Controversies

The appointment of his wife as assistant professor in Kalady Sanskrit university snowballed into a major political controversy ahead of 2021 legislative assembly elections as one of the subject experts in the interview board alleged irregularities in the process.

## Publications

The books published by Rajesh include
* "History Will Impeach Them" (Charithram Avare Kuttakarennu Vilikkum) collection of articles on education, published in Malayalam, 2002
* "Agolavatkaranathinate Virudha Lokangal" (Contradictory Worlds of Globalisation) collection of articles in Malayalam on globalisation, 2008;
* "Agola Sampathika Prathisandhiyude Manangal", Compilation of articles on Global Recession, 2008, Malayalam
# M. ridleyi

M. ridleyi may refer to:
* Madhuca ridleyi, a plant species endemic to Malaysia
* Myotis ridleyi, the Ridley's bat, a vesper bat species found in Indonesia and Malaysia
# M. rosacea

M. rosacea may refer to:
* Mitra rosacea, a sea snail species
* Mitrella rosacea, a sea snail species
* Mycteroperca rosacea, a grouper fish species from the Eastern Central Pacific
# MK II FPA

The MK II Method is one of the software sizing methods in functional point group of measurements. This is a method for analysis and measurement of information processing applications based on end user functional view of the system. The MK II Method (ISO/IEC 20968 Software engineering—Mk II Function Point Analysis—Counting Practices Manual) is one of five currently recognized ISO standards for Functionally sizing software.

## Introduction

The MK II Method was defined by Charles Symons in book published in 1991. UK Software Metrics Association is now responsible for the method and its continuing development. The functional user requirements of the software are identified and each one is categorized into one of there types: inputs, exits and objects. In order to determine functional size of system these functional requirements are counted.

## MkII FPA counting rules

MkII counting procedure contains several steps described below.

### Define the Boundary of the Count

Boundary of system represents logical line that separates users from a system. It is used to determine logical transactions such as inputs and exits that crosses boundary during the interaction between user and system.

### Identify the Logical Transactions

Each transaction is counted once even though it may be executed from more than one point in the application.

### Identify and Categorise Data Entity Types

Data entity types are logical data structures that contains information meaningful to the user. In MarkII method there is only one type of data entity types - Objects. Objects must be correctly identified so they can be counted.

### Count the Input Data Element Types, the Data entity Types Referenced, and the Output Data Element Types

This can be done by a simple spreadsheet and needs to be added up and applied a formula to find the exact MKII FPA value

### Count the Functional Size

Once the transactions and objects in the system are identified, they can be counted in order to find functional size of the system. Functional size of the system is represented as weighted counts of input/exit transactions and objects within the boundary of the system. Size can be expressed as following:
Size = Wi*ΣNi+ We*ΣNe + Wo*ΣNo
In the equation ΣNi, ΣNe and ΣNo are total numbers of unique inputs, exits and objects within the system. Currently recommended values for weighting coefficients are Wi = 0.58, We = 1.66, and Wo = 0.26.
# MK Indy

The MK Indy is a Lotus 7 replica based on the Locost principle, production started in 1997 and built by MK Sportscars in Maltby, Rotherham. The Indy has an independent rear suspension using the differential and drive shafts from a Ford Sierra. It uses many other components from the Sierra, including front hubs and steering rack. Further, it can be fitted with any of a variety of engines, the most popular choices being the Ford Pinto engine from the Sierra for its ease and cheapness or a large motorcycle engine for its light weight and high rpm.
Resurrected in November 2016, the company is now based in Braintree, Essex with a more modern take on the build. By using the engine and running gear from the NB Mazda MX-5, the updated MK Indy RX-5 ignites the spark from the little Japanese engine once more. The mixture of a low price entry kit and the options from there on, allows for a perfect B-road cruiser to an ultimate track weapon.
The newer form of the MK Indy, now houses one of two huge power-plants; The Honda Civic Type-R V-tec K20 engine or the vicious Suzuki Hayabusa 1340cc motorbike engine.
Updates to the chassis have made the car more nimble and precise than ever, propelling the car to enter into race track domination. The Cup 200 car begins its racing journey with the 750 Motor Club in April 2023 with sights set on having a full MK Cup 200 grid, opening the door for a pure skill based event to rival all.
# MLEC

MLEC may refer to:
* Meriwether Lewis Electric Cooperative, a rural utility cooperative in Tennessee
* Miami Lakes Educational Center
* Movement for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda
* Model Law on Electronic Commerce