OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# IBM Yamato Facility

IBM Yamato Facility is located in the city of Yamato, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, is where IBM's research and development activities were done for IBM's worldwide and Asia-Pacific region market. Its buildings were designed by the architecture firm of Nikken Sekkei Ltd. and completed in 1985. In July 2012, all IBM research and development functions completed moving to IBM Toyosu Facility, Tokyo. The last IBM-related organizations left Yamato around September 2012, and the facility is no longer associated with IBM.
IBM Yamato Facility houses IBM's research and development centers in Japan. Its address is 1623-14, Shimo-tsuruma, Yamato City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Its buildings were completed in 1985.

## IBM Yamato Development Laboratory
### History

In the 1960s, IBM started small-scale development activities in Japan, using RPQ procedure at its Special Engineering department. In 1972, IBM Japan Development Laboratory (JDL) was established in Tokyo. JDL was moved to the IBM Fujisawa Plant site in 1975, becoming IBM Fujisawa Development Laboratory (FDL). FDL was subsequently moved to the Yamato site In 1985, becoming IBM Yamato Development Laboratory (usually called Yamato Lab, not YDL), and the IBM Tokyo Programming Center (VM/Office System, Banking System, Retail System, etc.) at Kawasaki also moved here. In 1993, the IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory was also moved to Yamato. When IBM sold its Personal Computer Division to Lenovo in 2005, Yamato Lab's ThinkPad departments were separated, but remained at the Yamato site.

### Development Lab Directors

The Development Lab Directors (or those who were in charge of Development & Manufacturing) were:
* Edward V. Hoffler (1971–1974)
* Nobuo Mii (1974–1977)
* Keiichiro Meigo
* Hajime Watabe
* Toshio Yasui (1987–1991)
* Kiyoji Ishida
* Tsutomu Maruyama
* Yukako Uchinaga (2004–2007)
* Yoshinori Sakaue (2007–2008)
* Kazushi Kuse (2009- )

### Development project areas

Project areas that were at the IBM Yamato Facility according to IBM Japan include: server systems, storage systems, embedded hardware, communication systems, printers, retail store systems, application systems, telecommunication, Internet related, pervasive computing, finance industry systems, customer relationship management (CRM), business intelligence (BI), and technical and consulting services about hardware and software.

## IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory

IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory, also known as TRL, was established in 1983, as IBM's first research center in Asia. It was initially located in Tokyo, but moved to the Yamato site in 1993. It is involved in the basic researches, in association with IBM's other research centers at Yorktown Heights, New York (Thomas J. Watson Research Center); Zurich, Switzerland; etc. In 2008, there are 200 researchers.
# Laurent Cesalli

Laurent Cesalli (born 1968) is a Swiss historian of philosophy who focuses on philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and metaphysics.

## Life

Laurent Cesalli was born in Vevey in 1968. After graduating from high school in 1987, he studied at the University of Fribourg and graduated in 1993 under the supervision of Ruedi Imbach. Upon graduation he focused on non-academic activities: in 1995–1996, he cycled from Geneva to Beijing and, in 1997, he became a mountain guide. In 1998, he began his Ph.D. in medieval philosophy at the University of Geneva under the supervision of Alain de Libera, completing it in 2003. From 2004 to 2008 he worked as Wissenschaftlicher Assistent at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg i. Br. From 2008 to 2014 he has been teaching at the universities of Lausanne, Freiburg, Geneva, Fribourg, and Cornell University. From 2011 to 2014 he was a researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique in Lille (UMR 8163, Savoirs, textes, langage). Since 2014 he is full professor of medieval philosophy at the University of Geneva. Since 2018 he is editor-in-chief of the Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie|de (Ueberweg), together with Gerald Hartung (Wuppertal).

## Areas of specialization

His research focuses on philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and metaphysics – both in the Middle Ages and within the so-called “Austro-German” tradition (Brentano and his pupils).

## Selected publications

* ‘Grammaire, logique et psychologie chez Anton Marty’, Bulletin d’analyse phénoménologique 12 (2016), 121-138 (available here).
* ‘Propositions. Their Meaning and their Truth’, in C. Dutilh Novaes & S. Read (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Logic, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015, p. 245-264.
* Universals in the 14th Century (editor with Fabrizio Amerini), Pisa: Edizioni della Normale, 2017.
* ‘Meaning and Truth’, in A. Conti (ed.), A Companion to Walter Burley. A Late Medieval Logician and Metaphysician, Leiden: Brill (2013), p. 87-133.
* ‘Meaning in Action. Anton Marty’s Pragmatic Semantics’, in M. Cameron & R. Stainton (eds.), Linguistic Content. New Essays on the History of Philosophy of Language, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015, p. 245-265.
* ‘States of Affairs’, in J. Marenbon (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Philosophy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 421-444.
* ‘Medieval Logic as Sprachphilosophie’, Bulletin de philosophie médiévale 52 (2010), p. 117-132.
* Le réalisme propositionnel. Sémantique et ontologie des propositions chez Jean Duns Scot, Gauthier Burley, Richard Brinkley et Jean Wyclif, Paris: Vrin, 2007.
# Lawrence Brakmo

Lawrence Brakmo is a software engineer in the Kernel group at Facebook. Previously Brakmo was a member of technical staff at Google. Before that he was a researcher and project manager at NTT DoCoMo USA Labs. Earlier he was affiliated with the Western Research Lab of Digital Equipment Corporation/Compaq/Hewlett-Packard. Brakmo received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from The University of Arizona, where he worked on computer systems and computer networks research that included x-Sim and TCP Vegas. His adviser was Larry L. Peterson.
He once biked to Alaska from Idaho.
# Lawmaking

Lawmaking is the process of crafting legislation. In its purest sense, it is the basis of governance.
Lawmaking in modern democracies is the work of legislatures, which exist at the local, regional, and national levels and make such laws as are appropriate to their level, and binding over those under their jurisdictions. These bodies are influenced by lobbyists, pressure groups, sometimes partisan considerations, but ultimately by the voters who elected them and to which they are responsible, if the system is working as intended. Even the expenditure of governmental funds is an aspect of lawmaking, as in most jurisdictions the budget is a matter of law.
In dictatorships and absolute monarchies the leader can make law essentially by the stroke of a pen, one of the main objections to such an arrangement. However, a seemingly-analogous event can occur even in a democracy where the executive can make executive orders which have the force of law. In some instance, even regulations issued by executive departments can have the force of law. Libertarians, in particular, are known for denouncing such actions as being anti-democratic, but they have become such a salient feature of modern governance that it is hard to picture a system in which they no longer exist, because it is hard to picture the time involved in every regulation being debated prior to becoming law. That, say libertarians, is precisely the point: if such executive orders and regulations do not stand up to legislative scrutiny, they should never be implemented. In response to this, limits on regulatory authority have been made legislatively, and libertarians still contend for, if not the abolition of executive orders altogether, then their automatic sunset after a fixed period if not legislatively reviewed and confirmed; this policy has been adopted in some jurisdictions.
# LeRoy Myers

LeRoy Myers (November 10, 1919 – April 26, 2004) was an African American tap dancer and manager of the Copasetics. He was born in North Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and learned to tap dance on the street corners of Philadelphia.
When Bill "Bojangles" Robinson died in 1949, LeRoy Myers and some close friends were inspired to form the Copasetics, named after Bill Robinsons' favorite expression, "Everything is Copasetic." The Copasetics was a fraternity of black entertainers that were influential in the revival of tap dancing in the late 1970s through the 1980s. LeRoy Myers was elected as the club's first president. The original membership included Billy Strayhorn, James "Chuckles" Walker, Charles "Cookie" Cook, Luther "Slim" Preston, Henry "Phace" Roberts, Johnny Rocket, Pete Nugent, Honi Coles, Cholly Atkins, Peg Leg Bates, Ernest Brown, Milton Larkin, Francis Goldberg, Frank Goldberg, Emory Evans, Elmer Waters, Roy Branker, Paul Black, Eddie West, and Chink Collins.
LeRoy Myers moved to New York City in the 1930s and was the producer of the weekly tap jam sessions at the Showmans Jazz Club in Harlem. He was the recipient of the 2004 Honi Coles Reward and was going to be honored during Tap Extravaganza 2004 on May 30. He died a month before the Tap Extravaganza from cancer at the age of 84.
To commemorate his accomplishments, on March 11, 2006 the LeRoy Myers Corner street sign, on the northeast corner of 122nd Street and Manhattan Avenue in New York City, was unveiled by LeRoy's only surviving brother, Walter Myers. The ceremony was attended by about 20 relatives that had traveled from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as well as Harold "Stumpy" Cromer of the tap team Stump and Stumpy, dancer Norma Miller, and many others.
LeRoy Myers was an honorary board member of the Tap Legacy Foundation (TLF). On May 25, 2006, a commemorative plaque honoring the memory of LeRoy Myers was presented at Showmans by TLF.
# Le Maçon

Le Maçon is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Antoine Le Maçon (c. 1500–1559), French translator, royal councillor, treasurer for war and private secretary to Margaret, Queen of Navarre
* Robert le Maçon (c. 1365–1443), chancellor of France, adviser to Charles VII and supporter of Joan of Arc
* Robert le Maçon, Sieur de la Fontaine (1534/35–1611), French Reformed minister and diplomat
# Lea Vélez

Lea Vélez (Madrid, May 16, 1970) is a Spanish author, screenwriter and journalist.

## Early life and education

She was born into a family with a broad literary tradition. Daughter of the intellectual Carlos Vélez (1930–2014), she studied journalism at the Complutense University of Madrid and graduated in Film Screenwriting at ECAM (Madrid cinema school).

## Career

Her television career began in 1998, writing storyline and scripts for the series El súper. She has been a fiction content creator and show runner, co-creating series such as La Verdad de Laura or Luna Negra. She has created more than 700 hours of TV fiction.
For many years she collaborated closely with the screenwriter and author Susana Prieto. Writing as a team they published two novels, El desván (2004) and La Esfera de Ababol (2006). Later she takes on the stage with the play Tiza (2008), also in collaboration with Prieto, a satire on education that received the Agustín González Theater Prize and remained on the Madrid billboard for three seasons.
After the death of her husband in 2011, she changed the direction of her career, leaving television aside to dedicate herself entirely to literature and the education of her small children. For them, and in an effort to overcome grief, she built a tree house in the large oak tree in the garden without anybody's help. The reflections she reached were used in her novel Nuestra casa en el árbol (Our Tree House), in which she narrates the adventures of a widow with three children in a large house by the River Hamble after losing her husband. A year before this book she wrote La cirujana de Palma and El Jardín de la memoria (2014).
Our tree house was published in 2017 and became a long seller, a book recommended and loved by readers over the years. It is of particular interest to the gifted children parent's community. The same year she published La Olivetti, la espía y el loro, a book in which she narrates the back stage of the TV program Encuentros con las letras, directed by her father and for which her mother, María Luisa Martín, ran the press office from the kitchen of her house while small Lea played under the table.
Other recent books are La sonrisa de los pájaros (2019) or Mi querido extraterrestre (2020). In 2024 she published La hija de Gardel, a political thriller in the context of the trials of the Argentine military in Spain and the underworld of state terrorism.
She currently lives in Brighton (East Sussex, England), with her two children.

## Awards and honours

* Agustín González Theater Prize (2009)
# Le Schuylkill

Le Schuylkill is a historic high-rise residential building in Monaco. Completed in 1970, it is the first modern skyscraper in the principality.

## Location

It is located at 19 Boulevard de Suisse in Saint Michel, Monaco.

## History

The construction of the building was completed in 1970. It was designed in the modernist architectural style. It is 78 metres high, with twenty-five storeys. It is the fourteenth tallest building in Monaco.
It was owned by heiress Hélène Pastor through her eponymous real estate company. Her daughter, Sylvia Pastor, lived in this building with her companion, the Polish businessman and honorary consul Wojciech Janowski. Another notable resident was Michael Pearson, 4th Viscount Cowdray.
In May 2023, the Communal Council of Monaco approved plans to completely renovate Le Schuylkill at an estimated cost of €170 million. The modernised renovation, designed by Zaha Hadid Architects, will change the current mix of offices and apartments to an all-residential configuration of 142 apartments, as well as entirely replacing the tower's façade. Construction is planned to start in March 2024, with completion estimated for 2028.
# Lebanon Township, Meigs County, Ohio

Lebanon Township is one of the twelve townships of Meigs County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 897 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the eastern part of the county along the Ohio River, it borders the following townships:
* Olive Township - north
* Letart Township - southwest
* Sutton Township - west
* Chester Township - northwest
Jackson County, West Virginia lies across the Ohio River to the east.
It is the second-farthest upstream of Meigs County's Ohio River townships.
No municipalities are located in Lebanon Township, although the unincorporated community of Portland is located on the township's eastern shoreline.

## Name and history

It is the only Lebanon Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Lebanon Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania

Lebanon is a second-class township in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The township's population was 684 at the time of the 2010 United States Census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 38.1 square miles (99 km$^2$), of which 37.2 square miles (96 km$^2$) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km$^2$) (2.36%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 684 people, 279 households, and 201 families residing in the township. The population density was 18.4 people per square mile (7.1/km$^2$). There were 440 housing units at an average density of 11.8/sq mi (4.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.1% White, 1.6% African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% some other race, and 0.7% two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.
There were 279 households, out of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.9% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the township the population was spread out, with 20.9% under the age of 18, 60.5% from 18 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years.
The median income for a household in the township was $42,000, and the median income for a family was $53,214. Males had a median income of $45,156 versus $30,217 for females. The per capita income for the township was $29,011. About 11.6% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 47.1% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Le filmeur

Le filmeur is a 2005 French drama film directed by Alain Cavalier. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.

## Cast

* Christian Boltanski - Himself
* Danielle Bouilhet - Herself
* Camille de Casabianca - Herself (archive footage)
* Alain Cavalier - Himself
* Bernard Crombey - Himself
* Philippe Daveney - Himself
* Caroline Laval - Herself
* Thérèse Martin - Herself
* Alexandre Widhoff - Himself
* Françoise Widhoff - Herself
# Lawrence Saldanha

Lawrence John Saldanha (born 12 June 1936) is an Indian-born retired Pakistani archbishop. Born in Mangalore, India, he received his religious training at the Christ the King seminary in Karachi and was ordained a priest in Lahore, Pakistan on 16 January 1960.

## Biography

He also earned a doctorate in systematic theology from Rome-based Pontifical Urbaniana University. He participated in the Second Vatican Council.
He served in different parishes in Lahore. He served from 1971 to 1974 as editor of the Catholic Naqib, the Archdiocese's Urdu bimonthly. He was also rector of Christ the King Seminary in Karachi from 1974 to 1979 and taught dogmatic theology there until 1983.
From 1986 to 1998, he was head of the social communications commission and WAVE Studio, the Church's national audiovisual center in Lahore. He also headed the UCA News bureau in Pakistan.
He was serving as associate pastor of Precious Blood Church in Toronto, Canada, when he was recalled to serve the Church in Pakistan. On 24 Apr 2001 he was appointed Archbishop of Lahore by Pope John Paul II. He took as his motto Heralds of Hope.
On 16 January 2010, Archbishop Saldanha celebrated his Golden Jubilee as a priest, of serving his church for 50 years.
On 7 April 2011 Archbishop Saldanha retired as Archbishop of Lahore.
Saldanha also served as the first executive secretary of Caritas Pakistan from 1966 to 1973, chairman of Radio Veritas Asia, and president of the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences.
He returned to Canada after his retirement in 2011 and is helping persecuted Pakistani Christians in Canada.
In 2016 Saldanha became a Canadian citizen.
On 16 January 2020, he celebrated his 60th anniversary of his priestly ordination at Precious Blood Parish in Toronto, Canada.
# Lechenaultia heteromera

Lechenaultia heteromera, commonly known as claw leschenaultia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a subshrub with a few wand-like branches, fleshy leaves, and white and pale blue flowers.

## Description

Lechenaultia heteromera is an ascending subshrub that typically grows to a height of 80 cm (31 in) and has a few wand-like branches. Its leaves are fleshy, often down-curved, and 4.5–6.5 mm (0.18–0.26 in) long. The flowers are arranged in groups near the ends of branchlets, and have sepals 6.5–9.0 mm (0.26–0.35 in) long. The petals are 14–19 mm (0.55–0.75 in) long with a few long, with soft hairs inside the white petal tube. The wings on the lower lobes are triangular, 2.0–2.2 mm (0.079–0.087 in) wide, and on the upper lobes up to 0.1 mm (0.0039 in) wide, the wings and lobes pale blue. Flowers occurs from August to December and the fruit is 20–28 mm (0.79–1.10 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Lechenaultia heteromera was first formally described in 1868 by George Bentham in Flora Australiensis from specimens collected from East Mount Barren by George Maxwell. The specific epithet (heteromera) means "unequal parts", referring to the petal lobes.

## Distribution and habitat

Claw leschenaultia grows in heath, scrub and woodland on the south coast of south-western Western Australia between Starvation Boat Harbour and West Mount Barren in the Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions of south-western Western Australia.

## Conservation status

This leschenaultia is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Lectionary 118

Lectionary 118, designated by siglum ℓ 118 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.

## Description

The codex contains lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium), on 368 parchment leaves (38.3 cm by 28.5 cm). It is written in Greek minuscule letters, in 2 columns per page, 20 lines per page. It contains musical notes. It is elegantly written. It contains the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11).

## History

The manuscript was held in St. Silvester in Constantinople (or Rome). It was brought to Florence in 1454. The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz. Bandini was the first who described this codex (in 1787).
The manuscript is not cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3).
Currently the codex is located in the Biblioteca Laurentiana (Med. Pal. 243) in Florence.
# Lectionary 119

Lectionary 119, designated by siglum ℓ 119 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century.

## Description

The codex contains lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (Evangelistarium), on 268 parchment leaves (35 cm by 27 cm). It is written in Greek minuscule letters, in 2 columns per page, 25 lines per page.

## History

The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz.
The manuscript is not cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3).
Currently the codex is located in the Vatican Library (Vat. gr. 1155) in Rome.
# Leipzig FC

Leipzig FC may refer to several football clubs in Leipzig, Germany:

## Current

* RB Leipzig, founded 2009, as of 2023, a Bundesliga football team (top tier of German football)
* 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, founded 1893, as at 2023 in the Regionalliga Nordost (fourth tier of German football)
* BSG Chemie Leipzig (1997), founded 1997, as at 2023 in the Regionalliga Nordost (fourth tier of German football)

## Defunct

* TuRa Leipzig, 1899–1945
* BSG Chemie Leipzig (1950), 1950–1990
* FC Sachsen Leipzig, 1990–2011