OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yalpara, South Australia

Yalpara is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 265 kilometres (165 mi) north of the state capital of Adelaide and about 29 kilometres (18 mi) north-east of the municipal seat in Orroroo.

## Geography

The boundaries of Yalpara were created on 16 December 1999 for the "long established name". This name is based on the Hundred of Yalpara, a cadastral division which has similar boundaries to the locality. The locality includes the site of the now-ceased Government Town of Brassey which was surveyed in June 1879 and "declared ceased to exist" on 24 February 1927.

## Origin of the name

The origin of the name Brassey is not known, Geoffrey Manning, the South Australian historian, suggests that "it was the name of an associate of Governor Jervois, the most likely candidate being Thomas Brassey (1805-1870), a railway contractor and an associate of Robert Stephenson." The Hundred of Yalpara, which also contains a portion of the locality of Minburra was named after an unknown Aboriginal word.
The Yalpara Post Office, opened in December 1880 and closed on 30 April 1917, similarly Yalpara School opened in 1883 and closed in 1903.
Yalpara Station experienced flooding in December 1933.
Land use within the locality is "primary production" and is concerned with "agricultural production and the grazing of stock on relatively large holdings." Some land in its south has been gazetted as a protected area known as the Yalpara Conservation Park.
Yalpara is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Stuart and the local government area of the District Council of Orroroo Carrieton.
# Maria Pavlidou

Maria Pavlidou (born 20 January 1978) is a Greek former professional tennis player.
A right-handed player from Thessaloniki, Pavlidou spent much of her early career playing college tennis in the United States for the University of Arkansas. She was an All-American in 1999 when she became the first female Arkansas player to reach the quarterfinals of an NCAA singles championships.
Pavlidou represented Greece in the Fed Cup from 2000 to 2003, featuring in a total of five singles and four doubles rubbers. She also competed for Greece at the Mediterranean Games, winning a gold medal in Tunis in 2001, as partner of Eleni Daniilidou in the women's doubles.

## ITF finals
### Singles: 2 (0–2)

| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Runner-up | 1. | 20 May 2001 | Tel Aviv, Israel | Hard | Cheli Bargil | 6–3, 4–6, 3–6 |
| Runner-up | 2. | 30 September 2001 | Kastoria, Greece | Clay | Karina Jacobsgaard | 1–6, 1–6 |

### Doubles: 11 (5–6)

| Outcome | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Winner | 1. | 28 June 1998 | Kavala, Greece | Hard | Réka Vidáts | Branka Bojović Evagelia Roussi | 6–1, 6–1 |
| Winner | 2. | 28 May 2000 | Tel Aviv, Israel | Hard | Simona Arghire | Elena Voropaeva Irina Kornienko | 6–1, 6–2 |
| Runner-up | 1. | 8 October 2000 | Fiumicino, Italy | Clay | Asimina Kaplani | Martina Babáková Scarlett Werner | 1–4, 4–1, 2–4 |
| Runner-up | 2. | 15 October 2000 | Ciampino, Italy | Clay | Asimina Kaplani | Adriana Burz Andreea Ehritt-Vanc | 2–4, 5–4$^{(5)}$, 2–4, 1–4 |
| Winner | 3. | 20 May 2001 | Tel Aviv 1, Israel | Hard | Irina Kornienko | Evghenia Ablovatchi Yevgenia Savranska | 6–2, 6–4 |
| Winner | 4. | 27 May 2001 | Tel Aviv 2, Israel | Hard | Irina Kornienko | Emily Hewson Natasha van der Merwe | w/o |
| Runner-up | 3. | 5 August 2001 | Istanbul, Turkey | Hard | Evagelia Roussi | Maria Kondratieva Svetlana Mossiakova | 2–6, 5–7 |
| Runner-up | 4. | 26 August 2001 | Volos, Greece | Carpet | Asimina Kaplani | Radoslava Topalova Virginia Trifonova | 2–6, 6–4, 5–7 |
| Winner | 5. | 30 September 2001 | Kastoria, Greece | Clay | Asimina Kaplani | İpek Şenoğlu Biljana Pawlowa-Dimitrova | 6–3, 7–5 |
| Runner-up | 5. | 28 July 2002 | Algiers, Algeria | Clay | Asimina Kaplani | Rushmi Chakravarthi Christina Zachariadou | 2–6, 2–6 |
| Runner-up | 6. | 11 August 2002 | Bath, Great Britain | Hard | Asimina Kaplani | Samantha Stosur Sarah Stone | 4–6, 1–6 |
# Marker, Norway

Marker is a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ørje. Marker was created as a new municipality on 1 January 1964 following the merger of the two former municipalities of Rødenes and Øymark.
The municipality borders Sweden, Aurskog-Høland municipality in Akershus county, and Aremark, Eidsberg, Rakkestad, and Rømskog municipalities in Østfold county. European route E18 passes through the municipality.
The municipality's biggest attractions are the fortresses at Basmo and Ørje. Basmo Fortress lies on an isolated mountain outcrop between lakes Rødenessjøen and Hemnessjøen in the northwestern part of the municipality.

## General information
### Name

The Norse form of the name was Markir, which is the plural form of mǫrk f 'woodland, borderland' (see > March).

### Coat-of-arms

Marker's coat-of-arms dates from modern times, having been granted on 16 April 1982. The arms show two white-colored trunk-hooks on a blue background. They are a type of hook, normally on a long pole, used to drive tree trunks through the rivers. The main economic activity in the municipality is forestry, hence the use of the hooks. The two hooks also represent the two villages (and former municipalities) of Rødenes and Øymark.

### Rødenes church

Rødenes church (Rødenes kirke) is a medieval-era church in the Rødenes parish of Marker. It belongs to Østre Borgesyssel deanery in the Church of Norway's Borg Diocese. The building, which is of Romanesque architectural style and dates from 1230, has a rectangular nave and a lower and narrower choir. The oaken pulpit dates from the 1600s and the altarpiece from the 1720s. The edifice is of stone and brick. The floorplan is long and has room for 240 seats. The church underwent extensive reconstruction in the years 1703–1709 and again in 1949–1952.

## Minorities

Number of minorities (1st and 2nd generation) in Marker by country of origin in 2020 :
| Ancestry | Number |
| Sweden | 71 |
| Poland | 51 |
| Somalia | 33 |
| Thailand | 15 |
| Kosovo | 14 |

## Notable people

* Thorvald Aadahl (1882 in Rødenes – 1962) a newspaper editor, novelist and playwright
* Ola Isene (1898 in Rødenes – 1973) a Norwegian baritone opera singer and actor
* Karsten Buer (1913 in Øymark – 1993) a Norwegian harness racing coach
* Ingvar Bakken (1920 in Øymark – 1982) a politician, Mayor of Øymark 1947–1963, Mayor of Marker 1963–1967

## Gallery

* Feiring av Dronningens hjemkomst; DS Turisten
* Brannvakttårnet på Linnekleppen
* Sommer og dampbåt
* At the border of Norway & Sweden
# Kazakhstan at the 2014 Asian Beach Games

Kazakhstan participated in the 2014 Asian Beach Games in Phuket, Thailand from 14 to 23 November 2014.

## Medal summary
### Medal by sport

Medals by sport :
| Sport | | | | Total |
| Beach Athletics | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| Beach Modern Pentathlon | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Beach Volleyball | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Beach Water Polo | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Beach Wrestling | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Marathon Swimming | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Muaythai | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Sambo | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Sport Climbing | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| Total | 8 | 9 | 10 | 27 |

### Medal by Date

Medals by date :
| Day | Date | | | | Total |
| –1 | 12 Nov | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 0 | 13 Nov | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 14 Nov | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 15 Nov | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 3 | 16 Nov | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | 17 Nov | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | 18 Nov | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6 | 19 Nov | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 20 Nov | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 8 | 21 Nov | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 9 | 22 Nov | 3 | 4 | 1 | 8 |
| 10 | 23 Nov | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 8 | 9 | 10 | 27 |
Source
# Gourdou-Leseurre

Gourdou-Leseurre was a French aircraft manufacturer whose founders were Charles Edouard Pierre Gourdou and Jean Adolphe Leseurre.

## History

Engineers Jean Leseurre and his brother-in-law Charles Gourdou founded the Établissements Gourdou-Leseurre in Saint Maur-des-Fossés, southeast of Paris in 1921. The factory assembled military aircraft under license, such as the Breguet 14, until Gourdou and Leseurre began building their own aircraft as main designers.
Between 1925 and 1928, Gourdou-Leseurre was taken over by the Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire shipyard, together with Loire and Loire-Nieuport. The aircraft produced at that time by the Gourdou-Leseurre company were known as 'Loire-Gourdou', carrying the LGL denomination instead of GL.
In the 1930s strong disagreements developed between Charles Gourdou and Jean Adolphe Leseurre. This eventually led to a break-up of their professional relationship and the demise of the company in 1934.

## Aircraft

The company was active until 1934, producing mostly light military aircraft and seaplanes.
* Gourdou-Leseurre Type A
* Gourdou-Leseurre Type B
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL.21
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL.22
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL.23
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL.30
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL.31
* Gourdou-Leseurre LGL.32
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-33
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-341
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-351
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-40
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-430
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-432
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-450
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-482
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-50
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-51
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-521
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-633
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-810 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-811 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-812 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-813 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-820 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-821 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-821 HY 02
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-831 HY
* Gourdou-Leseurre GL-832 HY
# Laothoe amurensis

Laothoe amurensis, the aspen hawk-moth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae.

## Distribution

It is found in the northern part of the Palearctic realm. It flies in May and can be found only in far-eastern Europe, including parts of Poland, Finland, Ukraine and Belarus. It is found East to Japan as subspecies sinica. In spite of being very rare, it is not protected, e.g. in Poland. There are few known places where obtaining this moth by attracting to light is possible.

## Description

The wingspan is 71–98 mm. Very similar to Laothoe populi, a common European moth found everywhere, but bigger and much darker.
Eggs laid singly or in small groups of two to four. Eggs are laid on the underside of leaves.
* Male dorsal
* Male ventral

## Biology

The larvae feed singly on Populus tremula and willow. They are green with seven pale stripes, and look like L. populi caterpillars, but, opposite to it, have two or three little "horns" above their head. It is difficult to distinguish.
This moth spends winter as chrysalid in the soil.

## Subspecies

* Laothoe amurensis amurensis (from central Poland and southern Finland, east through Russia, southern Siberia and Yakutia to the Pacific coast, including Sakhalin Island. In the eastern Palaearctic, it occurs south as far as the Altai Mountains of Xinjiang, northern Mongolia, northern Heilongjiang, Primorskiy Kray and Hokkaido and Honshu in Japan)
* Laothoe amurensis sinica Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 (China and Korea)
# Notographus

Notographus is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:
* Notographus hieroglyphicus (Macleay, 1872)
* Notographus sulcipennis (Macleay, 1872)
* Notographus uniformis (Macleay, 1888)
* Notographus yorkensis Obenberger, 1922
# Yamaçyolu, Hanak

Yamaçyolu is a village in the Hanak District, Ardahan Province, Turkey. Its population is 100 (2021).
# Loved You First

Loved You First may refer to:
* "Loved You First", a 2016 song by O'G3NE from We Got This
* "Loved You First", a 2012 song by One Direction from Take Me Home
# Mark Vargo

Mark Vargo (born May 15, 1954) is a special effects artist, as well as a cinematographer. He was nominated at the 57th Academy Awards in the category of Best Visual Effects for his work on the film Ghostbusters. He shared his nomination with John Bruno, Richard Edlund and Chuck Gaspar.
Vargo worked at ILM from 1979 to 1983 contributing to the efforts in the optical department that won that company 4 consecutive Academy Awards for Best Visual Effects.
On May 1, 2018 Vargo assumed the role of "Cinematographer in Residence" and Associate Professor at Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida.
# Kazakhstan at the 2013 Summer Universiade

Kazakhstan participated at the 2013 Summer Universiade, in Kazan, Russia.
# James Bayley (cricketer)

James Bayley (dates unknown) was an English professional cricketer who made four known appearances in first-class cricket matches from 1773 to 1783.

## Career

He was associated with Hampshire.
# Guangchang

Guangchang may refer to the following locations in China:
* Guangchang County (广昌县), Fuzhou, Jiangxi
* Guangchang Subdistrict, Tangshan (广场街道), in Lunan District, Tangshan, Hebei
* Guangchang Subdistrict, Xiaogan (广场街道), in Xiaonan District, Xiaogan, Hubei
* Guangchang Subdistrict, Xiangtan (广场街道), in Yuhu District, Xiangtan, Hunan
# Yamaçtepe, Şahinbey

Yamaçtepe, historically Yukarısemavin, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şahinbey, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 193 in 2022.
# Nieterana Power Station

The Nieterana Power Station is a small hydroelectric power station located in the Central Highlands region of Tasmania, Australia.

## Technical details

Part of the Derwent scheme that comprises eleven hydroelectric power stations, the Nieterana Power Station is the second station in the scheme. The power station is located aboveground at the foot of the concrete arched Clark Dam across the River Derwent that forms Lake King William. Water from the lake is fed to the Butlers Gorge Power Station, coupled to one of two discharge regulating valves to ensure water flow to Tarraleah Power Station located further downstream. The Nieterana Power Station takes advantage of the energy potential from water dissipating from the Butlers Gorge Power Station into Tarraleah No. 2 canal. The mini-hydro station can only be used when the Lake King William lake level is between 709.2 metres (2,327 ft) and 720.7 metres (2,365 ft).
The power station was commissioned in 2004 by Hydro Tasmania and the station has one horizontal Boving Fouress Bangalore Francis turbine, with a generating capacity of 2.2 megawatts (3,000 hp) of electricity. The station output is fed to TasNetworks' transmission grid via an existing 11 kV/110 kV three-phase English Electric generator transformer to the outdoor switchyard.
Nieterana is the aboriginal word for little brother.
# Jay Township

Jay Township may refer to:
* Jay Township, Martin County, Minnesota
* Jay Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania
# Praroman

46°45′00″N 7°11′00″E﻿ / ﻿46.750002°N 7.183334°E﻿ / 46.750002; 7.183334 Praroman is a locality in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. An independent municipality in the district of Sarine, it merged with neighboring municipalities in 2003 to form Le Mouret.
# Juno Cup

The Juno Cup is a yearly ice hockey game held in conjunction with the Juno Awards, first conducted at the 2004 Juno Awards. The games match National Hockey League alumni with artists and entertainers as a charitable benefit for MusiCounts, a music education charity operated by the CARAS. The Juno Cup has helped raise more than $700,000 for MusiCounts (formerly known as the CARAS Music Education Program) which in turn supported music programs across Canada.
Each game features a team of current or former NHL players (NHL Greats) who competes against a team composed of musicians (The Rockers). The NHL Greats have won each Juno Cup except in 2009 and 2019.

## Dates and locations

Juno Cup Dates and Locations :
| Year | Date | City | Venue | Winning Team | Score |
| 2004 | 2 April | Edmonton, Alberta | AgriCom Arena | NHL Greats | 12-8 |
| 2005 | 1 April | Selkirk, Manitoba | Selkirk Rec Complex | NHL Greats | 6-5 |
| 2006 | 31 March | Halifax, Nova Scotia | Halifax Forum | NHL Greats | 12-11 |
| 2007 | 30 March | Prince Albert, Saskatchewan | Art Hauser Centre | NHL Greats | 11-9 |
| 2008 | 4 April | Calgary, Alberta | Stampede Corral | NHL Greats | 16-5 |
| 2009 | 27 March | Vancouver, British Columbia | UBC Thunderbird Arena | The Rockers | 12-11 (SO) |
| 2010 | 16 April | Torbay, Newfoundland and Labrador | Jack Byrne Arena | NHL Greats | 9-8 |
| 2011 | 25 March | Toronto, Ontario | Ricoh Coliseum | NHL Greats | 13-10 |
| 2012 | 30 March | Ottawa, Ontario | Nepean Sportsplex | NHL Greats | 12-10 |
| 2013 | 19 April | Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan | Mosaic Place | NHL Greats | 9-8 |
| 2014 | 28 March | Winnipeg, Manitoba | MTS Iceplex | NHL Greats | 10-9 |
| 2015 | 13 March | Hamilton, Ontario | Dave Andreychuk Mountain Arena & Skating Centre | NHL Greats | 9-7 |
| 2016 | 1 April | Calgary, Alberta | Max Bell Centre | NHL Greats | 12-10 |
| 2017 | 31 March | Ottawa, Ontario | TD Place Arena | NHL Greats | 13-12 |
| 2018 | 23 March | Vancouver, British Columbia | Bill Copeland Sports Centre | NHL Greats | OT win |
| 2019 | 15 March | London, Ontario | Western Fair District Sports Centre | The Rockers | 7-5 |
# Ken Uston's Guide to Buying and Beating the Home Video Games

Ken Uston's Guide to Buying and Beating the Home Video Games was published in May 1982. The book, published by Signet in New York, was a brief strategy guide for many console games in existence at the time. The book was divided into chapters by console type or manufacturer, and each chapter had an article on each game title available for that console. The book was published in paperback, with 676 pages and illustrated throughout with black and white line drawings.
Ken Uston was a blackjack player, and at the time this book was published, had already had six books in print. Two of his previous books included Mastering Pac-Man (1981) and Score! Beating The Top 16 Video Games in 1982, dealing with standalone arcade games, which also had a "short intro to the Atari VCS, Intellivision, Odyssey2 home systems and some Coleco and Entex table-top games."
The book was intended as both a guide to selecting a video game console from a growing market of then-expensive entertainment systems, and as a brief guide to gameplay of each game, however not necessarily for beating them. Some of the systems have enjoyed a resurgence in the 21st century (Intellivision, for example), giving the book a slight degree of longevity in its original purpose, and the book remains a useful capsule history of available games and systems in 1982.

## Chapter titles

* Home Video Game Systems - a brief description of each system.
* A comparison of the systems and games.
* Atari 2600
* Intellivision
* Magnavox Odyssey²
* Activision
* Astrocade, The Professional Arcade
* Fairchild Channel F
* Apollo
* Imagic
Each game article (over 200 in number) was divided into sections (some sections were combined or omitted depending on the article):
* Evaluation
* Basic Objective
* Scenario
* The Board
* Controls
* Facts You Should Know
* Strategies

## Reviews

* Games
# Standardisierte Bewertung

Standardisierte Bewertung is an evaluation scheme to determine cost-benefit ratios of public transport projects in Germany. The process is part of a legal process to obtain federal funds (up to 85%) within the GVFG Law.

## Background

Standardisierte Bewertung is based on the work of the traffic scientist Gerhard Heimerl in Stuttgart and the Munich based Intraplan Consult start of the 80s. Updates have been published in 2000, 2006, and 2016, inter alia.

## Goals

The evaluation is based on a comparison of a "With" and "Without" solution, so the effect of a continuation of the existing network will be compared to the effects of the planned project. The result of the Standardisierte Bewertung shall include most quantitatively measurable external effects, also for society and environment, of a planned project. The evaluation scheme tries to deliver a comparable evaluation of different projects to allow a just distribution of public funding.

## Process

Several steps are taken. First any project effect will scrutinized whether a measurable (cardinal) effect is to be found or not. The non-measurable effects will be summarized in an appendix. Measurable effects are categorized as:
* measured in financial units
* transferable into monetary units via established processes (e.g. travel time reduction, pollution)
* not monetisable
The cost-benefit indicator of the monetisable components is the decisive factor for the GVFG funding. It is a simple number showing the cost / effect ratio. Funding will only be given for projects with a ratio bigger than 1. The process has started as a private consultancy scheme and was rather quickly established as part of the legal process. However the Standardisierte Bewertung assessment is ordered from private companies and consultants as further example and gained international acknowledgement, e.g. to obtain Transport and Works Act Order Applications and state funding in the UK.

## Trivia

* For the Metrorapid and Munich Transrapid projects a Standardisierte Bewertung value of about 1.5 has been elaborated. However this was executed with a modified process which included enhanced German export successes, less traffic jams and enhanced international relationships. Based on the standard procedure for railway projects, the result would have been around 0.8 (not sufficient for funding). The critical assessment of the Bundesrechnungshof was not accepted by the Bundesverkehrsministerium.
* A use of an adapted scheme for a Tram-train project in Bristol is mentioned in
* In Karlsruhe, dubbed the Mecca of Tram-train (with values of 2.5 for several projects) "Standi" as short term for Standardisierte Bewertung is as a household term explained in the local Stadtwiki (in German)

## Sources

* ↑ GVFG as published by the Bundestag 26. März 1996
* ↑ Intraplan Consult GmbH
* ↑ Drees & Sommer official website
* ↑ Reference Sheet of Intraplan
* ↑ 2005 Dresden Transrapid Standi Conference paper ... S.13 Archived 2007-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
* ↑ Rechenkünstler Mehdorn ("Accounting Acrobat" Mehdorn)
* ↑ Karlsruhe Consultancy TTK
# Yan Prefecture (Shandong)

Yanzhou or Yan Prefecture was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China centering on modern Yanzhou District, Jining, Shandong, China. It existed (intermittently) until 1385, when the Ming dynasty created Yanzhou Prefecture.
Yan Prefecture was named after Yan Province, one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China. The modern district of Yanzhou District retains its name.

## Geography

The administrative region of Yan Prefecture in the Tang dynasty is in modern central Shandong. It probably includes parts of modern:
* Under the administration of Jining:
** Jining
** Qufu
** Zoucheng
** Wenshang County
** Sishui County
* Under the administration of Tai'an:
** Tai'an
** Ningyang County
* Under the administration of Laiwu:
** Laiwu
# Jean Queval

Jean Queval (1913 in Paris –1990 in Fontainebleau) was a French translator, writer, journalist, film critic, and founding member of the literary movement Oulipo.
# Notonecta irrorata

Notonecta irrorata is a species of backswimmer native to North America first described by Philip Reese Uhler in 1879. Presence of N. irrorata in ponds is known to repel the oviposition of Culex mosquitoes.