OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kilcoolaght East ogham stones

Kilcoolaght East Ogham Stones (CIIC 206–213) are a collection of ogham stones forming a National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.

## Location

Kilcoolaght East Ogham Stones are located 4.6 kilometres (2.9 mi) southeast of Killorglin, to the west of the Glasheenasheefree River.

## History

The stones were carved in the 5th and 6th centuries AD and served as burial markers. This was a ceallurach (burial ground).
All the stones were found in a souterrain nearby.

## Description

The stones are sandstone pillars.
* CIIC 206: [AN]M VIRR[ACC(?)]/ANNI TIGIR[N] ("name/inscription of Ferchán/Fírchán? of Tigern") and C̣/̣ṬẸDATTOQA MAQI/ VEDELMETṬ[O(?)] ("of Cétadach? son of Fedelmid/Feidlimid")
* CIIC 207: ẸCC MAQI L[UGUQ]ṚRIT ("of Éc? son of Luccreth")
* CIIC 208: UMALL
* CIIC 209: A]GGO MAQI AGỊ[LL ("...ggo son of Agi...")
* CIIC 210: DUBE[B and Q/N
* CIIC 211: [RI]TTẠVV[E]CC MAQ[I] V[E]DDONỌS ("of Rethach son of Feddonos"; this name survives in the Iveragh Peninsula)
* CIIC 212: highly fragmentary
* CIIC 213: URG̣

## Gallery

* The enclosure as seen from afar
* The stones in the enclosure
* One of the pillars
* One of the pillars
* A collapsed and fragmented pillar
* One of the pillars
# Kushiel

In Judeo-Christian folklore the angel Kushiel, meaning "Rigid One of God", punishes individuals in Hell.

## In Hebrew writings

Kushiel is one of seven angels of punishment along with Hutriel, Lahatiel, Makatiel, Puriel (also written Pusiel), Rogziel and Shoftiel.
As a "presiding angel of Hell," he is said to punish nations with a whip made of fire, although, along with the other angels of punishment, is reported in Second Book of Enoch 10:3 to dwell in the third heaven.

## In popular culture

In 2001, Kushiel first appeared as a character in Jacqueline Carey's series of novels entitled Kushiel's Legacy. Kushiel was the punishing angel of the Yeshuites' One God
# Henry Fairfax

Henry Fairfax may refer to:
* Henry Fairfax (academic) (1588–1665), English priest and academic
* Henry Fairfax, 4th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1631–1688), Scottish nobleman, peer, and politician
* Henry Fairfax (priest) (1634–1702), English Dean of Norwich and academic
* Henry Fairfax (Royal Navy officer) (1837–1900), British admiral
* Sir Henry Fairfax, 1st Baronet (1790–1860), of the Cameron-Ramsay-Fairfax-Lucy baronets
* Sir Henry William Cameron-Ramsay-Fairfax-Lucy, 3rd Baronet (1870–1944), of the Cameron-Ramsay-Fairfax-Lucy baronets
* Sir Henry Montgomerie Cameron-Ramsay-Fairfax-Lucy, 4th Baronet (1896–1965), of the Cameron-Ramsay-Fairfax-Lucy baronets
# Chicago, Zimbabwe

18°56′56″S 29°48′12″E﻿ / ﻿18.9488°S 29.8032°E﻿ / -18.9488; 29.8032
Chicago is a low density suburb located in the city of Kwekwe in Zimbabwe, just beside Kwekwe CBD in the southern parts.

## Background

Chicago is one of the oldest place names in Kwekwe.
The suburb is situated in South of the CBD along the A5 Highway and in a hilly environment.
The area was originally the east-end of a farm by the same name, covering the better part of Kwekwe Central, Feachlea, Hellandale and beyond. Gaika Mine also known as Chicago Gaika Mine is wholly in former Chicago Farm. The first plots in Kwekwe were pegged in Chicago. It was not considered the area for the rich elite the tag it carries today.
Chicago is one of the most prominent low density suburban settlements in Kwekwe. Chicago Farm still exists, partly though, Southwest of Kwekwe.
Chicago's fame started way back in when "Gaika Concession Store" owners Barney and Dora Kahn imported the first Cadillac into the country.

## Politics

Chicago is within Kwekwe Central Constituency.

## Local Government

Chicago falls under Kwekwe Municipality as one of the settlements within its jurisdiction.
# Liz Carolina Jaramillo

Liz Carolina Jaramillo De Miranda (born 2 August 1981) is a Venezuelan politician, currently an alternate deputy of the National Assembly for the Aragua state.

## Career

She was elected as alternate deputy for the National Assembly for Circuit 4 of Aragua state for the 2016–2021 term in the 2015 parliamentary elections, representing the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD) opposition coalition. She has also been a member of the committee of legislators before the Mercosur Parliament. In 2021, it was reported that she had been encouraged to run for mayor of San Sebastián de Aragua, but that in the end it would have been almost impossible for her to compete with the two male candidates who ran.
Afterwards, in 2022, she was appointed as Vice President of the Parliamentary Committee on Administration and Services for the 2022–2023 term.

## Personal life

During the COVID-19 pandemic, her mother died in March 2021 from complications related to the disease. By that year, she was the only daughter in the country to care for her father. Jaramillo is the wife of the mayor of San Sebastián de los Reyes municipality in Aragua, Carlos "Koyak" Miranda.
# Joshua Greene (wine)

Joshua Greene is an American wine critic, and the publisher and editor-in-chief of Wine & Spirits.
Having graduated from Princeton University in 1981, Greene pursued a career in the magazine publication industry. After a period of acting as a consultant for Wine & Spirits, Greene eventually purchased the magazine in 1989.
Greene has been an outspoken critic of the 100 point wine rating system, though he has himself applied it in Wine & Spirits since 1994. He has stated, "I don’t think it's a very valuable piece of information", and, "Even though ratings of individual wines are meaningless, people think they are useful", although adding, "One can look at the average ratings of a spectrum of wines from a certain producer, region or year to identify useful trends". Greene will publish one Wine & Spirits issue annually which features no scores.
A Greene 2008 presentation talk at the Unified Wine and Grape Symposium in Sacramento, CA. titled "2008 Restaurant Wine Trends", addressed the changing patterns of the wine industry.
# List of highways numbered 831

The following highways are numbered 831:

## United States

* AR 831
* LA 831 (former)
* MD 831
* PR-831
* SC 831 (former)
* FM 831
| Preceded by 830 | Lists of highways 831 | Succeeded by 832 |
# Hartera

Hartera is an annual electronica music festival held in Rijeka, Croatia. The name derives from the festivals location, an old paper factory (which was one of the largest in Europe) that functioned for 150 years before shutting down. One of the original purposes of the Hartera Festival was to preserve the old building by converting it into a public gathering for cultural purposes.
# Ivan Sokolov

Ivan Sokolov may refer to:
* Ivan Sokolov (chess player) (born 1968), a Dutch chess grandmaster
* Ivan Sokolov (composer) (born 1960), a Russian composer
* Ivan Sokolov (painter) (1823–1918), a Russian painter
* Ivan Sokolov, a Russian Greco-Roman wrestler from Buriki One fighting game
# Niederlauer

Niederlauer is a municipality in the district of Rhön-Grabfeld in Bavaria in Germany. The rivers Franconian Saale and Lauer flow through the village.
# Henry Fairfax, 4th Lord Fairfax of Cameron

Henry Fairfax, 4th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (30 December 1631 – 13 April 1688) of Denton, Yorkshire was an English peer and politician. He was the grandson of Thomas Fairfax, 1st Lord Fairfax of Cameron.
He was born the son of Henry Fairfax, of York, Rector of Bolton Percy, Yorkshire and Lady Mary Cholmondeley (1593-1649) and educated at Gray's Inn.
He took part in the Yorkshire rising in support of George Monck in January 1660 under the leadership of his cousin Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax. He later succeeded his cousin in 1671, inheriting the family estate at Denton, North Yorkshire.
He sat in Parliament to represent Yorkshire in March and October 1679 and again in 1681.
He married Frances Barwick, and they had ten children:
* Mary Fairfax (born 29 July 1653)
* Dorothy Fairfax (born 30 December 1655)
* Thomas Fairfax, 5th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (born 1657)
* Henry Fairfax Of Toulston (born 20 April 1659)
* Ursula Fairfax (born 3 May 1661)
* Frances Fairfax (born 2 April 1663)
* Bryan Fairfax (born 2 April 1665)
* Barwicke Fairfax (born 18 September 1677)
* Anne Fairfax (born 27 April 1670)
* Mary Fairfax (born 1673)
# Ozella Shields Head

Mary Ozella Shields Head (October 19, 1869 – May 16, 1948) was an American writer.

## Biography

Mary Ozella Shields was born in Macon, Georgia, on October 19, 1869, to Adolphus A. Shields, a butcher, and Mary Anne Westcott. She was educated in Atlanta, Georgia.
Her taste for literature and her talent for production were shown in childhood, when she wrote a number of love stories. Her first published work, a sensational love story of thirty chapters, was "Sundered Hearts." published in the Philadelphia Saturday Night, when Shields was eighteen years old. Her next works were "Verona's Mistake" and "A Sinless Crime," published in the same journal. Other stories followed in quick succession. In 1889 she brought out her "Izma, or Sunshine and Shadow" through a New York house.
In November 1889, she married Daniel B. Head, of Greenville, Mississippi, and had one son, Dan.
She died in Los Angeles in 1948.
# John Henderson (historian)

John S. Henderson is a professor of Italian Renaissance history at Birkbeck College, University of London.

## Selected publications

* Piety and Charity in Late Medieval Florence, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1994, xviii + 545 pages; revised paperback ed.: Chicago University Press, 1997, xviii + 533 pages.
* Italian translation: Pieta' e carita' nella Firenze del Basso Medioevo, Casa Editrice Le Lettere, Florence, 1998, pp. 545.
* The Great Pox. The French Disease in Renaissance Europe, with J. Arrizabalaga and R. French (Yale University Press, 1997).
* The Renaissance Hospital. Healing the Body and Healing the Soul (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006), xxxiv + 458 pages.
* German translation: Das Spital im Florenz der Renaissance – Heilung für den Leib und für die Seele (Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 2013)
* Italian translation: L'Ospedale Rinascimentale. La cura del corpo e la cura dell'anima (Odoya, Bologna, 2016)
* Florence Under Siege: Surviving Plague in an Early Modern City (Yale University Press, 2019).
Edited volumes
* Charity and the Poor in Late Medieval and Renaissance Europe: England and Italy Compared in Continuity and Change, 3.ii (1988), 176 pages.
* [ed. with T.V. Verdon], Christianity and the Renaissance, Syracuse University Press, 1990, xviii + 611 pages.
* [ed. with R. Wall], Poor Women and Children in the European Past, Routledge, 1994, xiii + 347 pages.
* [ed. With A. Pastore], 'Medicina dell'Anima , Medicina del Corpo: l'Ospedale in Europa tra Medio Evo ed Età Moderna: Special number of Medicina e Storia, III (2003), 134 pages.
* The Impact of Hospitals in Europe 1000–2000: People, Landscapes, Symbols, 'Introduction' and edited by John Henderson, Peregrine Horden, and Alessandro Pastore (Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang, Autumn 2006), 426 pages.
* Teoria e pratica Medica. Rimedi e formacopee in età moderna, ‘Introduction’, ed. with M. Garbellotti, Medicina e storia, XV (2008), pp. 190.
* Plague and the City, eds, L. Englemann, J. Henderson, C. Lynteris (Routledge, London, 2018).
Forthcoming: *Representing Infirmity in Renaissance Italy, ed. Federica Jacobs and Jonathan Nelson (Routledge, London, 2020).
# Kimosabe (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal | 5/10 |
Kimosabe is the seventh album from Canadian singer and guitarist Kim Mitchell. The album was released in 2000.
This is the only Kim Mitchell album that failed to gain any real commercial success; however, this does not bother Mitchell. It was written after his divorce and he still occasionally plays a song from the album, telling audiences "you may still be able to find this album at Walmart in the bargain bins". It also did not help that the label that Mitchell signed with went out of business shortly after the album's release.

## Track listing

All songs written by Kim Mitchell and Andy Curran, except where noted
* "Monkey Shine" – 4:37
* "Stickin My Heart" – 4:44
* "Cellophane" – 4:08
* "Two Steps Home" (Mitchell, Ringgenberg) – 4:51
* "Kimosabe" – 3:56
* "Blow Me a Kiss" – 4:28
* "Cold Reality" (Mitchell) – 4:31
* "Over Me" (Mitchell) – 4:04
* "Get Back What's Gone" – 4:56
* "Skinny Buddah" – 6:21

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Kim Mitchell – guitars, vocals, producer, engineer
* Gary Breit – organ, piano, keyboards, vocals
* Peter Fredette – bass vocals
* Randy Cooke – drums, percussion

### Additional musicians

* Carlos del Junco – harmonica
* Dalbello – vocals
* Andy Curran – vocals

### Production

* Graham Brewer, Scott Lake – engineers
* Vic Florencia – mixing
* Nick Blagona – mastering at Metalworks
* George Graves – additional editing at The Lacquer Channel
* W. Tom Berry – management
* Rob Waymen – photography
* Patrick Duffy – art direction and design
# Malaysia University of Science & Technology

The Malaysia University of Science and Technology (MUST) was established in January 1997 when, then Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad and a delegation from Malaysia made a working visit to Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and endorsed the establishment of a university modeled after MIT.(MUST) is known for its focus on science, technology, and engineering education.
MUST offers undergraduate and postgraduate degree programs in various fields, including engineering, computer science, business, and law. MUST is a separate university and has not affiliated or not have a direct relationship with the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM).

## Faculties

* School of Business
* School of Science and Engineering
* School of Pre-University Studies

## Collaboration
### Universities

* University of Tasmania (UTAS)
* Rotterdam Mainport University of Applied Sciences
* Swinburne University of Technology, Australia

### Industries

The collaboration between MUST and Federation of Malaysian Forwarders (FMFF) sees a tie up extending to about 2000 of its member companies
# Hartert's camaroptera

Hartert's camaroptera (Camaroptera harterti) is a small bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is endemic to Angola.
Hartert's camaroptera was described by the German ornithologist Otto Eduard Graf von Zedlitz und Trützschler in 1911 under the trinomial name Camaroptera griseoviridis harterti. The type location in the town of Canhoca in northern Angola. The specific epithet harterti is in honour of the German ornithologist Ernst Hartert who was the curator of the Rothschild Museum in Tring, England. It was at one time treated as a subspecies of the green-backed camaroptera but is now treated as a separate species.
# Isolachus

Isolachus is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There is one described species in Isolachus, I. spinosus, found in Oregon and Washington.
# Karamanlı District

Karamanlı District is a district of the Burdur Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Karamanlı. Its area is 372 km$^2$, and its population is 8,268 (2021).

## Composition

There is one municipality in Karamanlı District:
* Karamanlı
There are 8 villages in Karamanlı District:
* Bademli
* Dereköy
* Kağılcık
* Kayalıköy
* Kılavuzlar
* Kılçan
* Manca
* Mürseller
# Luca Giurato

Luca Giurato (23 December 1939 – 11 September 2024) was an Italian journalist and television presenter. He worked for La Stampa and he was vice-director of the TG1 until 1990. Giurato died from a heart attack in Santa Marinella, on 11 September 2024, at the age of 84.
# Oxyntomodulin

Oxyntomodulin (often abbreviated OXM) is a naturally occurring 37-amino acid peptide hormone found in the colon, produced by the oxyntic (fundic) cells of the oxyntic (fundic) mucosa. It has been found to suppress appetite.
The mechanism of action of oxyntomodulin is not well understood. It is known to bind both the GLP-1 receptor and the glucagon receptor, but it is not known whether the effects of the hormone are mediated through these receptors or through an unidentified receptor.
Oxyntomodulin has been linked to entrainment of the liver's circadian clock.
Oxyntomodulin has been investigated as a blood-glucose regulation agent in connection with diabetes.

## Research

Oxyntomodulin could be a potential candidate for treating obesity because of its ability to suppress appetite. In a 4 week study, healthy overweight and obese volunteers were given either saline or oxyntomodulin injections. Their body weight, energy intake, and the levels of adipose hormones were taken prior to the treatment. The volunteers maintained their usual diets and daily activities and self-administered the injections three times daily, 30 minutes before their meals. In the course of 4 weeks, volunteers treated with oxyntomodulin injections had an average weight loss of 2.3±0.4 kg compared to those treated with saline who had an average of 0.5±0.5 kg, indicating oxyntomodulin was successful in weight loss.
# Llano Largo

Llano Largo is a corregimiento in Los Santos District, Los Santos Province, Panama with a population of 2,265 as of 2010. Its population as of 1990 was 1,715; its population as of 2000 was 2,003.
# Microblepsis leucosticta

Microblepsis leucosticta is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1895. It is found in the north-eastern Himalayas, southern China and on Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo.
The wingspan is about 28 mm. Adults are dark purplish grey, the forewings with a white postmedial line which is angled below the costa and runs into a large white apical patch. The veins between it and the cell are streaked with white and there are slender submarginal and marginal lines. The hindwings have two medial white lines and two indistinct fine white lines close to the margin.
# Paolo Giordano

Paolo Giordano (born 1982) is an Italian writer who won the Premio Strega literary award with his first novel The Solitude of Prime Numbers.

## Biography

Paolo Giordano was born on 19 December 1982, in Turin, Italy. He studied physics at the University of Turin and holds a PhD in theoretical particle physics. The Solitude of Prime Numbers, his first novel, has sold over a million copies and was translated into thirty languages.
The Italian language film based on the novel was released in September 2010.
His book How Contagion Works is one of the first to be written on the COVID-19 pandemic and warns of the danger of authoritarianism.
# TaqMan

TaqMan probes are hydrolysis probes that are designed to increase the specificity of quantitative PCR. The method was first reported in 1991 by researcher Kary Mullis at Cetus Corporation, and the technology was subsequently developed by Hoffmann-La Roche for diagnostic assays and by Applied Biosystems (now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific) for research applications.
The TaqMan probe principle relies on the 5´–3´ exonuclease activity of Taq polymerase to cleave a dual-labeled probe during hybridization to the complementary target sequence and fluorophore-based detection. As in other quantitative PCR methods, the resulting fluorescence signal permits quantitative measurements of the accumulation of the product during the exponential stages of the PCR; however, the TaqMan probe significantly increases the specificity of the detection. TaqMan probes were named after the videogame Pac-Man (Taq Polymerase + PacMan = TaqMan) as its mechanism is based on the Pac-Man principle.

## Principle

TaqMan probes consist of a fluorophore covalently attached to the 5’-end of the oligonucleotide probe and a quencher at the 3’-end. Several different fluorophores (e.g. 6-carboxyfluorescein, acronym: FAM, or tetrachlorofluorescein, acronym: TET) and quenchers (e.g. tetramethylrhodamine, acronym: TAMRA) are available. The quencher molecule quenches the fluorescence emitted by the fluorophore when excited by the cycler’s light source via Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). As long as the fluorophore and the quencher are in proximity, quenching inhibits any fluorescence signals.
TaqMan probes are designed such that they anneal within a DNA region amplified by a specific set of primers. (Unlike the diagram, the probe binds to single stranded DNA.) TaqMan probes can be conjugated to a minor groove binder (MGB) moiety, dihydrocyclopyrroloindole tripeptide (DPI$_3$), in order to increase its binding affinity to the target sequence; MGB-conjugated probes have a higher melting temperature (T$_m$) due to increased stabilization of van der Waals forces. As the Taq polymerase extends the primer and synthesizes the nascent strand (from the single-stranded template), the 5' to 3' exonuclease activity of the Taq polymerase degrades the probe that has annealed to the template. Degradation of the probe releases the fluorophore from it and breaks the proximity to the quencher, thus relieving the quenching effect and allowing fluorescence of the fluorophore. Hence, fluorescence detected in the quantitative PCR thermal cycler is directly proportional to the fluorophore released and the amount of DNA template present in the PCR.

## Applications

TaqMan probe-based assays are widely used in quantitative PCR in research and medical laboratories:
* Gene expression assays
* Pharmacogenomics
* Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genotyping
* Determination of viral load in clinical specimens (HIV, Hepatitis)
* Bacterial Identification assays
* DNA quantification
* SNP genotyping
* Verification of microarray results
# Kamran Farid

Kamran Farid is an entrepreneur, inventor, and philanthropist. He is an original partner of Edible Arrangements founded by his brother Tariq Farid, a U.S. based franchising business that specializes in fresh fruit arrangements, melding the concept of fruit baskets with designs inspired by the floral business. He currently manages Kamran Farid Foundation and K Capital Group. He currently serves on the Board at Southern Connecticut State University's School of Business.

## Early life

He was born in Sahiwal, Pakistan before his family emigrated to the United States of America. He has five siblings from his parents Ghulam and Salma Farid most notable among them, Tariq Farid, with whom he was a partner with on Edible Arrangements. His family moved from Pakistan to the United States. His father had to work three jobs to make ends meet for his wife and six children. Challenges increased when he was diagnosed with Leukemia but he was lucky to receive the best health care and was saved.

## Entrepreneurship

After designing the computers, training manuals and production and profitability tracking they decided to franchise the concept and since then it has grown to more than 1200+ stores. Edible Arrangements was ranked among the Top 40 by Entrepreneur Magazine in 2013. This is because it had been one of the fastest-growing franchises in the US for five consecutive years. It was also named among the Top 100 Internet Retailers in 2015 by the Internet Retailer Magazine.

## Philanthropy

Kamran Farid has set up a foundation "Kamran Farid Foundation" that has made a number of donations. He has also donated to a meal program in Branford.