OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lewis Boyce

Lewis Boyce (born 30 July 1996) is an English professional rugby union player, who plays as a loose-head prop for Premiership Rugby club Bath.

## Club career

Boyce made his debut for Yorkshire Carnegie against Rotherham in 2014 and made 22 appearances in the RFU Championship. Boyce was part of the side that were defeated by London Irish in the 2017 Championship play-off final.
On 14 March 2017 it was announced that Boyce would be joining Harlequins for the 2017–18 Aviva Premiership season. On 18 January 2019, Boyce signed for Premiership rivals Bath from the 2019-20 season.

## International career

In June 2016, Boyce started for the England U20 side that defeated Ireland in the final of the Junior World Cup. In January 2018 he was named in England's squad for the 2018 Six Nations Championship opener, against Italy.
# Lordship of Salona

The Lordship of Salona, after 1318 the County of Salona, was a Crusader state established after the Fourth Crusade (1204) in Central Greece, around the town of Salona (modern Amfissa, known in French as La Sole and Italian as La Sola).

## History

The first lord of Salona, Thomas I d'Autremencourt (or de Stromoncourt), was named by Boniface of Montferrat, the King of Thessalonica, in 1205. After the fall of the Thessalonica to the forces of Epirus, and a short-lived Epirote occupation in c. 1210–1212, Salona became a vassal of the Principality of Achaea, but later came under increasing dependency from the Duchy of Athens. In 1318, the lordship came under the rule of the Catalan Fadrique family, the leader of the Catalan Company, who claimed the title of Count of Salona. Among the eighteen Catalan vassals of the area in 1380-1 the Count of Salona ranks first above Count Demitre and the Margrave of Bodonitsa. Due to the unpopularity of the Dowager Countess Helena Asanina Kantakouzene, in 1394, the town opened its gates to the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I. It fell for a short time into the hands of the Despotate of the Morea c. 1402. The Despot Theodore I Palaiologos sold Salona to the Knights Hospitaller in 1404, but it fell again to the Ottomans in 1410.

## Rulers
### d'Autremencourt/de Stromoncourt family

* Thomas I d'Autremencourt (r. 1205–1210)
* Thomas II d'Autremencourt (r. 1212–1258), son of Thomas I
* William d'Autremencourt (r. 1258–1294), son of Thomas II
* Thomas III d'Autremencourt (r. 1294–1311), son of William, killed at the Battle of the Cephissus

### Catalan Conquest

* Roger Deslaur (r. 1311–1318)
* Alfonso Fadrique (r. 1318–1338)
* Peter Fadrique (r. 1338–1350/55), eldest son of Alfonso
* James Fadrique (r. c. 1355–1366), second son of Alfonso
* Boniface Fadrique (r. 1366–c. 1375), brother of James
* Louis Fadrique (r. c. 1375–1380/81), son of James

### Navarrese Conquest (1380)

* Maria Fadrique (r. 1382–1394), daughter of Louis, under the regency of her mother, Helena Asanina Kantakouzene
# John Ardito

John Gregory "Buster" Ardito (October 30, 1919 – December 31, 2006) was an American caporegime in the Genovese crime family who worked in the Bronx borough of New York.
Born in Columbia Street Waterfront District, Cobble Hill, Brooklyn, Ardito married Fay Cerasi and was the father of John and Annette Ardito. He stood at 5'9 and weighed 160 pounds. His legitimate profession was as part owner of a butcher shop at 590 East 156th Street in South Bronx. Ardito was involved in extortion, loan sharking, and illegal gambling operations. His arrest record included seduction, possession of counterfeit currency, and narcotics possession.
After joining the Genovese family, Ardito became a button man, or killer, in the crew of Michele Miranda. Miranda eventually became the family consigliere under boss Vito Genovese and help run the family while Genovese was in prison. A later indictment alleged that Ardito once ordered a beating on a debtor who owed him $150,000. During a 1983 trial for Genovese mobster Gus Curcio, Curcio collapsed in court with what seemed like a heart attack. However, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) surveillance recorded that Ardito had secretly passed some medications that simulated cardiac problems to Curcio to delay the trial. In 1985, Ardito was sent to federal prison for conspiracy to obstruct justice. In 1991, Ardito was released from prison.
In 2003, the FBI started using electronic surveillance to record many of Ardito's meetings in several Bronx restaurants. After Ardito discovered one of the devices, he started holding his meetings in retail shops, medical offices, cars, and boats. Later on, the FBI also started bugging Ardito's home phone. Reportedly, the FBI was even able to turn on Ardito's cell phone without his knowledge and use that as a listening device.
In 2006, using this surveillance information, the government charged Ardito, Genovese captain Liborio Bellomo, and other Genovese family members with labor racketeering and other charges. The racketeering charge involved New York Local 102 of the Bakery, Confectionery and Tobacco Workers' Union and New York Local 15 of the International Union of Operating Engineers.
On December 25, 2006, due to failing health, Ardito was released on bail while awaiting trial on these racketeering charges. On December 31, 2006, Ardito died from pancreatic cancer.
# Karrenmuseum

The Karrenmuseum is an historical museum about carts, wagons, carriages and the making thereof, located in Essen, Belgium.

## History

In 1950 Alfons Tireliren, a teacher with a passion for history, started collecting carts, wagons and carriages. He bought a plot of land in Wildert and built a shed to house his collection. Tireliren was chairman of the heritage association of Essen.
Tirelin and the association moved the collection in 1971 to a new location in Essen and started the Karrenmuseum. An 18th-century barn was added in 1976, followed by a smithy and a wheelwright shop in 1979.
The museum was officially recognized in 2006. In 2016 it became a regional museum. The Karrenmuseum celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2021 with the reopening of the carriage house.

## Description

The Karrenmuseum is located at the Moerkantsebaan 52 in Essen, Belgium. Its collection of over 300 carts, wagons and carriages is exhibited in open and half-open sheds and in the carriage house. There is a wheelwright shop, a wood shop,a rope shop and a smithy. The museum has its own library, functions as a center of expertise and digitizes its collection.
The museum owns several exceptional pieces such as a traction engine and a horse drawn firefighting apparatus relying on steam for water pressure. The carriage house shelters carriages on loan from the Museum aan de Stroom and IVA Historische Huizen Gent, among others.

## Restoration

The museums collection is maintained and restored by volunteers. They train in the various crafts necessary to maintain the collection. Since 2020 some collection pieces are being treated against woodworm biologically and ecologically, using parasitoid wasp. The volunteers also maintain and restore pieces from outside the collection.

## Gallery

* cart
* horsebus
* wagon
* traction engine
* firefighting apparatus
* carriage house
* hearse
* smithy
* wheelwright shop
* rope shop
# Manitoba Provincial Road 283

Provincial Road 283 (PR 283) is a provincial road in Manitoba, Canada which succeeds Saskatchewan Highway 9 (Hwy 9) at the Saskatchewan provincial boundary and terminates at Manitoba Highway PTH 10 in The Pas.
PR 283 is paved for is entire length, and the speed limit is 100 km/h. It parallels the south bank of the Carrot River for its entire length. The highway is a part of the Northern Woods and Water Route.

## Major intersections

| Division | Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Kelsey | ​ | 0.0 | 0.0 | Highway 9 west (NWRR) – Hudson Bay | Saskatchewan border |
| Kelsey | ​ | 5.4 | 3.4 | Bridge over the Culdesac River | Bridge over the Culdesac River |
| Kelsey | ​ | 21.8 | 13.5 | PR 282 south | |
| Kelsey | ​ | 38.7 | 24.0 | Bridge over the Pasquia River | Bridge over the Pasquia River |
| Town of The Pas | Town of The Pas | 39.5 | 24.5 | PTH 10 – Flin Flon, Swan River PR 285 east (3rd Street E) to PR 289 | NWWR follows PTH 10 south |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||||

## Related route

Provincial Road 282 (PR 282) is a 23.8-kilometre-long (14.8 mi) north-south spur of PR 283, connecting it with PTH 10 at the locality of Westray. It serves as a backcountry route for travellers on the Northern Woods and Water Route wishing to bypass the town of The Pas. It is entirely a two-lane gravel road, located almost entirely in the Rural Municipality of Kelsey, and includes a culvert crossing of the Pasquia River.
| Division | Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Kelsey | Westray | 0.0 | 0.0 | PTH 10 (NWWR) – The Pas, Mafeking | Southern terminus |
| No. 21 | No major junctions | No major junctions | No major junctions | No major junctions | No major junctions |
| Kelsey | ​ | 6.2 | 3.9 | Bridge over the Pasquia River | Bridge over the Pasquia River |
| Kelsey | ​ | 23.8 | 14.8 | PR 283 (NWWR) – Hudson Bay, The Pas | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi ||||||
# Levi Higginson

Levi Higginson (born 1867; date of death unknown) was a footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Burslem Port Vale in the early 1890s.

## Career

Higginson probably joined Burslem Port Vale in 1890. He enjoyed a successful spell with the team. He was between the sticks for two cup final victories – the North Staffordshire Charity Challenge Cup in 1891 and the Staffordshire Charity Cup in 1892. He played 43 matches for the club in all; including 21 friendlies, one Football League Second Division and 17 Midland League matches. However, he failed to turn up at the Athletic Ground for a league match with Grimsby Town in February 1893, after conceding two goals to them the previous month. He was not selected again and was instead released at the end of 1892–93 season.

## Career statistics

Source:
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Burslem Port Vale | 1890–91 | Midland League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 22 | 0 |
| Burslem Port Vale | 1891–92 | Midland League | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Burslem Port Vale | 1892–93 | Second Division | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Burslem Port Vale | Total | Total | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 43 | 0 |

## Honours

Port Vale
* North Staffordshire Charity Challenge Cup: 1891
* Staffordshire Charity Cup: 1892
# Reworking Race

Reworking Race: The Making of Hawaii's Interracial Labor Movement is a 2006 book by Moon-Kie Jung on Hawaii's shift from a conservative oligopoly to one of the most progressive parts of the United States.

## Reception

Jose M. Alamillo credits Jung's "sound research, crisp narrative, and innovative reworking of the concept of 'interracialism'" in his review for The American Historical Review. Alamillo says that "Jung effectively rescues the concept of 'interracialism' from scholars whose exclusive focus on its negative dimensions overlooks its 'affirmative transformation of race." Though Alamillo notes a lack of focus on women, gender, and relations beyond the workplace, he suggests that Jung's work remains quite strong in how it "helps us understand how an interracial labor movement helped make Hawaii into one of the most progressive states in the country."
John H. M. Laslett says in his review for the Journal of American Ethnic History that "Moon-Kie Jung's book makes a major contribution to the ongoing debate about the nature and sources of American working-class solidarity," highlighting the book's "carefully researched" nature and Jung's "persuasive case for his 'fusion argument.'" Laslett mentions a few "minor weaknesses." First, he notes that Jung's argument "may not be quite as original as he claims" given that "Robin Kelley, Tomas Almaguer, and Alexander Saxton have made similar points about race, class, and labor struggles." Second, Laslett argues that, though Jung says that the arguments about Hawaii's racial cohesion apply to other contexts, Jung "makes no references to situations in which race and class--or gender--loyalties continued to remain in conflict." Third, Laslett argues that "Jung's study is also a bit too narrowly focused on racial and class tensions in the workplace to be entirely persuasive."

## Awards

Reworking Race won a variety of awards from the American Sociological Association (ASA). Jung's 2003 paper "Interracialism: The Ideological Transformation of Hawaii's Working Class", later integrated into the book, won the ASA's 2004 Honorable Mention for the Labor and Labor Movements' Distinguished Scholarly Article Award. In 2007, the book was the ASA's Outstanding Contribution to Political Sociology. In 2008, the book won the ASA's Book Award.
# Kaori Fukuhara

Kaori Fukuhara (福原 香織, Fukuhara Kaori, born August 11, 1986) is a Japanese voice actress.
She worked on the music group Bohemian Quarter's album "Blister Pack Voices". She and Emiri Kato were in a duo music group called Kato*Fuku, which sang theme songs for When Supernatural Battles Became Commonplace. Kato*Fuku released three albums from 2012 to 2015, and disbanded in 2016.

## Filmography
### Anime

* Animal Yokochō (Kumiko "Kuu-chan" Takeda; Mr. Nonko-chan) (2005)
* The Law of Ueki (Pudding) (2005)
* Bakegyamon (Kimidori) (2006)
* Gargoyle of Yoshinaga House (Rin) (2006)
* Lucky Star (Tsukasa Hiiragi) (2007)
* Hayate the Combat Butler (Suzuki Shinkō) (2008)
* Macross F (Ram Hoa, dancer) (2008)
* Akaneiro ni Somaru Saka (Aya Nijo) (2008)
* Zettai Karen Children (Hanai Chisato) (2008)
* Fight Ippatsu! Jūden-chan!! (Plug Cryostat) (2009)
* NEEDLESS (Seto) (2009)
* Pandora Hearts (Ada Vessalius) (2009)
* Saki (Koromo Amae) (2009)
* The Sacred Blacksmith (Charlotte E. Firobisher) (2009)
* Sora no Otoshimono: Forte (Astraea) (2010)
* Sora no Otoshimono the Movie: The Angeloid of Clockwork (Astraea) (2011)
* A Channel (Run) (2011)
* Beelzebub (Lamia) (2011)
* Place to Place (Hime Haruno) (2012)
* Chūnibyō Demo Koi ga Shitai! (Kuzuha Togashi) (2012)
* Saki Achiga-hen episode of Side-A (Koromo Amae) (2012)
* Dansai Bunri no Crime Edge (Yamane Byōinzaka) (2013)
* Chūnibyō demo Koi ga Shitai! Ren (Kuzuha Togashi) (2014)
* Wake Up, Girls! (Nanoka Aizawa) (2014)
* When Supernatural Battles Became Commonplace (Mirei Kudō) (2014)
* The Testament of Sister New Devil (Maria Naruse) (2015)
* The Testament of Sister New Devil Burst (Maria Naruse) (2015)
* Tsukiuta. The Animation (Akane Asagiri) (2016)

### ONA / OVA

* Lucky Star: Original na Visual to Animation (Tsukasa Hiiragi) (2008)
* Yotsunoha (Nanami Minami) (2008)
* Ashiaraiyashiki no Jūnin-tachi (Koma Ryusoji) (2010)
* Heaven's Lost Property (Astrea) (2010)
* A Channel + smile (Run Momoki) (2012)
* Chūnibyō demo Koi ga Shitai! Lite (Kuzuha Togashi) (2012)
* Lucky Star: Miyakawa-ke no Kūfuku (Tsukasa Hiiragi) (2012)

### Anime Films

* Heaven's Lost Property the Movie: The Angeloid of Clockwork (Astrea) (2011)
* Wake Up, Girls! Shichi-nin no Idol (Nanoka Aizawa) (2014)
* Sora no Otoshimono Final: Eternal My Master (Astrea) (2014)
* Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions! Take on Me (Kuzuha Togashi) (2018)

### Drama CDs

* KonoSuba (Aqua) (2015)

### Video games

* Gyakuten Saiban 2 (Pearl Fey/Harumi Ayasato) (2002)
* Sora no Otoshimono Forte: Dreamy Season (Nintendo DS) (Astraea) (2011)
* Granblue Fantasy (Sophia) (2014)
* Bullet Girls (2014)
* Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE (Mamori Minamoto) (2015)

### Dubbing

| Original year | Dub year | Title | Role | Original actor | Notes |
| 2012 | | Exchange Student Zero | Lucinda | Natalie Bond, Keegan Connor Tracy | |
# Kim In

Kim In (November 23, 1943 – April 4, 2021) was a South Korean professional Go player.

## Biography

Kim In became a professional in 1958 when he was 15. He was a student at the legendary Minoru Kitani school in 1962 and left to return home a year later. He was promoted to 9 dan in 1983, and was the third ever 9 dan in Korea. He was famous for his playing in the 1960s and 1970s. Until his death he was managing director for the Hanguk Kiwon.

## Promotion record

| Rank | Year |
| 1 dan | 1958 |
| 2 dan | |
| 3 dan | |
| 4 dan | |
| 5 dan | |
| 6 dan | |
| 7 dan | |
| 8 dan | |
| 9 dan | 1983 |

## Titles & runners-up

Ranks #3 in total number of titles in Korea.
| Title | Years Held |
| Current | 13 |
| Wangwi | 1966–1972 |
| Guksu | 1965–1970 |
| Defunct | 12 |
| Chaegowi | 1967, 1971, 1972 |
| Kiwang | 1977 |
| Myungin | 1969 |
| Paewang | 1964, 1967–1971, 1976 |
| Title | Years Lost |
| Current | 5 |
| Wangwi | 1973, 1975, 1977 |
| Guksu | 1961, 1971 |
| Defunct | 11 |
| Chaegowi | 1961, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1973, 1974 |
| Kiwang | 1978 |
| Myungin | 1968, 1970 |
| Paewang | 1977, 1978 |
# Gunnawarra, Queensland

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* GPX (all coordinates)
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Gunnawarra is a rural locality in the Tablelands Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Gunnawarra had a population of 27 people.

## Geography

Gunnawarra is 207 kilometres (129 mi) south-west of Cairns via the Bruce Highway, Gillies Range Road, Lake Barrine Road, State Route 25, State Route 24, the Kennedy Highway and Gunnawarra Road. From further west it can be accessed via the Kennedy Highway.
The Herbert River forms most of the eastern boundary.
The Kennedy Highway crosses the north-west corner from the north. Ootann Road enters from the north-west.
Gunnawarra has the following mountains (from north to south):
* Mount Bear (17°50′33″S 144°54′16″E﻿ / ﻿17.8426°S 144.9044°E﻿ / -17.8426; 144.9044﻿ (Mount Bear)) 842 metres (2,762 ft)
* Mount Kallon (17°51′17″S 144°55′46″E﻿ / ﻿17.8548°S 144.9294°E﻿ / -17.8548; 144.9294﻿ (Mount Kallon)) 826 metres (2,710 ft)
* Gunnawarra Bump (18°00′03″S 145°11′54″E﻿ / ﻿18.0007°S 145.1982°E﻿ / -18.0007; 145.1982﻿ (Gunnawarra Bump)) 740 metres (2,430 ft)
The land use is grazing on native vegetation.

## History

The name Gunnawarra comes from the pastoral property established by Walter Jervoise Scott and his brother Arthur Jervoise Scott, and is derived from Aboriginal words gunnaya meaning camp and warra meaning small.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Gunnawarra had a population of 13 people.
In the 2021 census, Gunnawarra had a population of 27 people.

## Heritage listings

Gunnawarra has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* Gunnawarra Homestead, Gunnawarra Road (17°56′12″S 145°09′54″E﻿ / ﻿17.9366°S 145.1651°E﻿ / -17.9366; 145.1651﻿ (Gunnawarra Homestead))

## Education

There are no schools in Gunnawarra. The nearest government primary school is Mount Garnet State School in neighbouring Mount Garnet to the north. The nearet government secondary school is Ravenshoe State School (to Year 12) in Ravenshoe to the north-east.

## Tourism

Gunnawarra is the start and end of two sections of the Bicentennial National Trail.
# Libycosaurus

Libycosaurus ("Lizard of Libya") was one of the last anthracothere genera. It lived from the Middle to the Late Miocene, and ranged throughout Central and Northern Africa, and in Uganda, in what was then a lush, marshy environment.
# Kai stingaree

The Kai stingaree (Urolophus kaianus) is a species of stingray in the family Urolophidae, known only from two juveniles collected from 236 m (774 ft) deep in the Kai Islands of eastern Indonesia. This species has a rhomboid pectoral fin with a very blunt, rounded snout, and a tail with lateral skin folds, a leaf-shaped caudal fin, and no dorsal fin. It is brown above with blackish coloring on the upper surface of each eyeball. The larger of the two specimens measures 23 cm (9.1 in) long. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) does not yet have enough information to assess the Kai stingaree beyond Data Deficient. It presently faces little fishing, though this is liable to change in the future.

## Taxonomy

From September 9 to 29, 1874, the research ship HMS Challenger collected a number of hitherto-unknown fishes from Station 192 in the Kai Islands, including two specimens of the Kai stingaree. British zoologist Albert Günther wrote a brief description of the new species and published it in 1880, as part of the scientific reports that followed the Challenger expedition.

## Distribution and habitat

The two Kai stingaree specimens were collected over blue mud in the Kai Islands, at a depth of 236 m (774 ft). Given that no further specimens have emerged since the originals, it seems to be extremely rare and/or have a highly restricted range.

## Description

The pectoral fin disc of the Kai stingaree is diamond-shaped and much wider than long, with narrowly rounded outer corners. The leading margins of the disc converge at an obtuse angle on the snout, which is rounded and non-protruding. The eyes are immediately followed by teardrop-shaped spiracles. Between the nostrils is a skirt-shaped curtain of skin, whose posterior corners are extended into small lobes. The teeth are small, with roughly oval bases. The five pairs of gill slits are short, and the pelvic fins are small with rounded margins. The tail is slightly shorter than the disc, bearing a skin fold running along either side and a leaf-shaped caudal fin at the end. A serrated stinging spine is placed on top, about halfway along the tail's length; there is no dorsal fin. The skin is completely smooth. This species is a plain yellowish brown above, transitioning sharply to blackish on the upper surface of each eyeball. The two specimens are both juveniles, one measuring 22 cm (8.7 in) and the other 23 cm (9.1 in) in length.

## Biology and ecology

Virtually nothing is known of the natural history of the Kai stingaree. It is presumably aplacental viviparous with a small litter size, like other stingarees.

## Human interactions

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) currently has insufficient data to assess the Kai stingaree beyond Data Deficient. Indonesian trawl fisheries do not presently operate below a depth of 200 m (660 ft), though this is anticipated to change in the future, at which time this species may be threatened.
# Manal (name)

Manal is a feminine given name of Arabic origin. Notable people with the name include:
* Manal Benchlikha, known as Manal (singer) (born 1993), Moroccan musical artist
* Manal Al Dowayan (born 1973), Saudi Arabian artist
* Manal bint Mohammed Al Maktoum (born 1977), Emirati royal and politician
* Manal Awad Mikhail, Egyptian veterinarian and governor
* Manal Abdel Samad (born 1975), Lebanese politician
* Manal al-Sharif (born 1979), Saudi Arabian women's rights activist
* Manal Yunis (born 1929), Iraqi lawyer
# Let's Get Down (Supafly song)

"Let's Get Down" is a song by British electronic duo Supafly vs. Fishbowl. It was released in August 2005 as a single and reached the top 30 in the UK and Australia.

## Chart positions

| Chart (2005–06) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 30 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 48 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia) | 16 |
| France (SNEP) | 44 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 13 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 28 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 3 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 22 |
# Cedarbluff, Mississippi

Cedarbluff (or Cedar Bluff) is an unincorporated community in Clay County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in south central Clay County along Mississippi Highway 50.

## History

Cedarbluff is located on the former Southern Railway. Cedarbluff was formerly home to a school and two churches.
A post office operated under the name Cedar Bluff from 1847 to 1895 and began operating under the name Cedarbluff in 1895.
In 1915 an unnamed black man was lynched in Cedarbluff for allegedly entering the room of a white woman. In 1916, an African-American man, Jeff Brown was lynched by a mob "for accidentally bumping into a white girl as he ran to catch a train." Pictures of his lynching were sold to white citizens for five cents each and were used to intimidate African-Americans in the region. In 1920, a destructive tornado struck Cedarbluff directly causing major damage.