OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# London Transport Executive (GLC)

The London Transport Executive was the executive agency within the Greater London Council, responsible for public transport in Greater London from 1970 to 1984. In common with all London transport authorities from 1933 to 2000, the public name and operational brand of the organisation was London Transport.

## Background and formation

The Greater London Council came into its powers in 1965, but did not have authority over public transport. Responsibility for such provision had been removed from the London County Council and neighbouring authorities in 1933 and passed to the London Passenger Transport Board. The Transport (London) Act 1969 gave the GLC powers over the London Underground and London Buses, but not over British Rail services in Greater London.

## Fares policy

The GLC aimed to increase usage of public transport, especially in Outer London, where car use was high. Fare setting policy was used to increase patronage on the London Underground and London Buses, particularly during less busy times. Shortages of staff meant it was also necessary to speed up the rate of boarding on buses that ran without conductors, by introducing pre-purchased and inter-modal tickets. On 4 October 1981, following the Greater London Council election, the incoming Labour administration simplified fares in Greater London by introducing four new bus fare zones and two central London Underground zones, named City and West End, where flat fares applied for the first time. This was accompanied by a cut in prices of about a third and was marketed as the Fares Fair campaign. Following successful legal action against it, on 21 March 1982 London Buses fares were doubled and London Underground fares increased by 91%. The two central area zones were retained and the fares to all other stations were restructured to be graduated at three mile intervals; and thus grouping those stations within three miles of the central zones in an 'inner zone'. In 1983, after further legal action, a third revision of fares was undertaken, and a new inter-modal Travelcard season ticket was launched covering five new numbered zones; representing an overall cut in prices of around 25%. The off-peak One Day Travelcard was launched in 1984 and on weekdays was sold for travel after 09.30.

## Chairmen

* Sir Richard Way, 1970–1975
* Sir Kenneth Robinson, 1975–1978
* Ralph Bennett, 1978–1980
* Sir Peter Masefield, 1980–1982
* Sir Keith Bright, 1982–1984

## Abolition and legacy

The GLC was abolished in 1986, however transport powers had been removed two years earlier and transferred to London Regional Transport. Responsibility for public transport returned to local government in London in 2000, with the creation of the Greater London Authority and the Transport for London executive agency. The inter-modal zonal fare system devised during this period continues to be used throughout Greater London and is broadly unchanged.
# London Transport Act 1969

The London Transport Act 1969 (c. l) was a local act of the United Kingdom Parliament which concerned the London Transport Board. It was passed on the same day as the Transport (London) Act 1969, which provided for the abolition of the board and the transfer of its functions to London Transport Executive under the auspices of the Greater London Council.
# Heikel

Heikel is a Finnish surname from a widely branched family descended from the Heikkilä farm in the village of Oulunsuu, now a district of Oulu, Finland. Jakob Henriksson Heikkilä sold the farm in 1723 and became a merchant in Oulu. His children changed the name to Heikel; three of his sons studied at the Universities of Uppsala and Turku. In time, the Heikel family became a significant scholarly family in Finland. Branches of the family also live in Sweden and Denmark. A large number of members of the family, under the influence of the Fennoman movement, fennicized the name to Heikinheimo in the 20th century. Varying spellings of the name have occurred in older times, such as Heickel and Heikell, while confusion with another unrelated family, Heickell, also occurs.
People with the name Heikel include:
* Anna Heikel (1838–1907), Finnish educator and Baptist pioneer
* Axel Heikel (1851–1924), Finnish ethnographer
* Carl Johan Heikel (1786–1896), Finnish lawmaker
* Elia Heikel [fi] (1852–1917), Finnish architect
* Felix Heikel (1844–1921), Finnish economist and politician
* Henrik Heikel (1808–1867), Finnish priest and educator
* Ivar Heikel (1861–1952), Finnish philologist
* Rosina Heikel (1842–1929), Finnish doctor
* Theodor August Heikel [fi] (1863–1936), Finnish forester and politician
* Vicki-Anne Heikell, New Zealand paper conservator
* Viktor Heikel (1842–1927), Finnish gymnastics teacher
* Yngvar Heikel (1889–1956), Finnish ethnologist
# Losii Dikho

Losii Dikho is an Indian politician who was elected to the Manipur Legislative Assembly from Mao in 2012, 2017, and 2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election, as a member of the Naga People's Front. Losii Dikho is the Legislature Party Leader of Naga People's Front in Manipur Legislative Assembly . He was Minister of PHED, printing and stationery (2017-2022) in N. Biren Singh cabinet.
# Long-stitch bookbinding

In the art of bookbinding, the longstitch technique is used for binding the sections (signatures) of a book without using glue. In Non-adhesive Binding: Books without Paste of Glue (1999) Keith A. Smith describes that binding a book with a "longstitch through a slotted cover" involves directly sewing each section through the cover, which has slots for attaching each section, and creates a pattern of staggered lines that is visible on the spine of the book.
Another longstitch technique uses the chain stitch to fasten sections, and was used in parchment-covered books with reinforced spines, in the 1375–1500 period. The sections were sewn directly through holes in the cover material, with two sections being sewn through each row of holes, which allowed the creation of a chain stitch at the first sewing station and at the last sewing station.
There are many ways to elaborate on the simple longstitch binding. Besides altering the stitching pattern to include crosses, altering the length of the longstitches to have their own patterns, and other patterns, artists have also used multiple colored thread. There are also a number of different ways to close a longstitch book. Though some longstitch bound book covers are just trimmed to the edge of the book block, there are a variety of ways to fold over one side of the cover and fasten it. Buttons can be stitched into the binding and a thread attached to the cover flap. A slit can also be cut into the front cover and a strip from the back cover can be slipped through the slit. Modern book artists have elaborated on closure styles.
# List of Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Qinghai

This list is of Major Sites Protected for their Historical and Cultural Value at the National Level in the Province of Qinghai, People's Republic of China.
| Site | Chinese name | Location | Designation |
| Kumbum Monastery | Ta'er si 塔尔寺 | Huangzhong County 湟中县 | 1-111 |
| Qutan Temple | Qutan si 瞿昙寺 | Ledu County 乐都县 | 2-34 |
| Machangyuan Site | Machangyuan yizhi 马厂塬遗址 | Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County 民和县 | 3-191 |
| Xihai Ancient City | Xihai jun gucheng yizhi 西海郡故城遗址 | Haiyan County 海晏县 | 3-212 |
| Reshui Tombs | Reshui muqun 热水墓群 | Dulan County 都兰县 | 4-71 |
| Longwu Temple | Longwu si 隆务寺 | Tongren County 同仁县 | 4-187 |
| Lajia Site | Lajia yizhi 喇家遗址 | Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County 民和县 | 5-126 |
| Tawendaliha Site | Tawendaliha yizhi 塔温搭里哈遗址 | Dulan County 都兰县 | 5-127 |
| Guide Confucian Temple and Yuhuang Pavilion | Guide wenmiao ji Yuhuang ge 贵德文庙及玉皇阁 | Guide County 贵德县 | 5-437 |
| Zangniang Stupa and Sangzhou Temple | Zangniang Fota ji Sangzhou si 藏娘佛塔及桑周寺 | Yushu County 玉树县 | 5-438 |
| China's first research center for nuclear weapons | Di-yi ge hewuqi yanzhi jidi jiuzhi 第一个核武器研制基地旧址 | Haiyan County 海晏县 | 5-512 |
| Liuwan site | Liuwan yizhi 柳湾遗址 | Ledu County 乐都县 | 6-211 |
| Shenna Site | Shenna yizhi 沈那遗址 | Xining 西宁市 | 6-212 |
| Chorten of the Thirty Generals of Gesar of Ling and Dana Temple | Gesa'er sanshi da jiangjun Ling ta he Dana si 格萨尔三十大将军灵塔和达那寺 | Nangqên County 囊谦县 | 6-805 |
| Chuzang Temple | Quezang si 却藏寺 | Huzhu Tu Autonomous County 互助县 | 6-806 |
| Buddhist Cave Temples with Tubo Rock Sculptures and Carvings of Beinang-gou | Bei Darirulai Foshikusi he Lebagou moya 贝大日如来佛石窟寺和勒巴沟摩崖 | Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 玉树县 | 6-872 |
| Gyanak Mani in Xinzhai | Xinzhai Jiana mani 新寨嘉那嘛呢 | Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 玉树县 | 6-1074 |
| Former Site of the Western Route Army | Xunhua xilu hongjun geming jiuzhi 循化西路红军革命旧址 | Xunhua Salar Autonomous County 循化县 | 6-1075 |
# Love Always, Carolyn

Love Always, Carolyn is a 2011 English-language Swedish documentary film written and directed by Malin Korkeasalo and Maria Ramström. The film is about Carolyn Cassady's recollection of life with husband Neal Cassady and Jack Kerouac, and her concern that the truth about these men is being lost in their mythos. It features interviews with Carolyn Cassady and her children as well as archive footage. The film premiered at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival.
# Tridentea pachyrrhiza

Tridentea pachyrrhiza is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae that is native to Namibia and South Africa.

## Distribution and habitat

Tridentea pachyrrhiza is found in South Africa and coastal Namibia, from Buntveldschuh in the north to Buchuberg in the south, at elevations between 50–300 m (160–980 ft) above sea level. It grows on stony flats among low shrubs, rarely on rocky outcrops, and is often covered with drifting sand.

## Description

Tridentea pachyrrhiza is a succulent plant that forms dense clumps measuring 60–200 mm (2.4–7.9 in) across. The stems are greyish green in colour, usually glabrous, and measure 30–60 mm (1.2–2.4 in) long and 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) wide. The flowers are variable in colour and may measure up to 75 mm (3.0 in) across.
# Gathorne-Hardy family

Gathorne-Hardy is the name of a British aristocratic family. The first part of the name is pronounced with a long a, i.e. "gay-thorn". The founder of the family was Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook. The "eccentric Gathorne-Hardys" as they are sometimes known, have produced many notable members of 19th and 20th century British society.

## Notable people

* Hon. Alfred Gathorne-Hardy (1845–1918), British politician, younger son of the 1st Earl
* Lady Anne Gathorne-Hardy (1911-2006), British bookseller and author
* Caroline Gathorne-Hardy, Countess of Cranbrook (born Caroline Jarvis; 1935), British agricultural campaigner, wife of the 5th Earl
* Lady Dorothy Gathorne-Hardy (1889-1977), wife of Rupert D'Oyly Carte, founder of the Savoy Hotel
* Hon. Edward Gathorne-Hardy (1901–1978), British antiquarian, traveller, and a prominent member of the "Bright young things" group of aristocrats; second son of the 3rd Earl
* Gen. Hon. Francis Gathorne-Hardy (1874–1949), British general, younger son of the 2nd Earl
* Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook (1814–1906), British politician, founder of the family
* Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 3rd Earl of Cranbrook (1870-1915), British peer and socialite, married Dorothy Boyle, daughter of the 7th Earl of Glasgow
* Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 5th Earl of Cranbrook (born 1933), British peer and zoologist, formerly based in Malaysia
* Geoffrey Malcolm Gathorne-Hardy (1878–1972), British soldier, writer and Norse specialist, son of Hon. Alfred Gathorne-Hardy
* Lady Isobel Gathorne-Hardy (born Isobel Stanley, 1875–1963), British ice hockey enthusiast, socialite and royal courtier, married Hon. Francis Gathorne-Hardy
* Jane Gathorne-Hardy, Countess of Cranbrook (born Jane Stewart Orr; 1813–1897), wife of the 1st Earl
* John Jason Gathorne-Hardy, Lord Medway (born 1968), peer and artist, son and heir of the 5th Earl
* John David Gathorne-Hardy, 4th Earl of Cranbrook (1900-1978), British peer, soldier and historian
* John Stewart Gathorne-Hardy, 2nd Earl of Cranbrook (1839–1911), British peer and politician
* Jonathan Gathorne-Hardy (1933–2019), British author, son of Hon. Antony Gathorne-Hardy and grandson of the 3rd Earl
* Lt.-Col. Hon. Nigel Gathorne-Hardy, DSO, ADC (1880–1958), British soldier, married daughter of New Zealand politician Sir Charles Johnston; youngest son of the 2nd Earl; he was the father of Lady Margaret Cameron of Lochiel
* Moffy Gathorne-Hardy (born 1994), British model and socialite, granddaughter of Jonathan Gathorne-Hardy
* Margaret Evelyn Gathorne-Hardy, Viscountess Goschen (1858–1943), eldest daughter of the 1st Earl, married the 2nd Viscount Goschen, Viceroy of India
* Hon. Robert Gathorne-Hardy (1902–1973), British botanist, writer and socialite, son of the 3rd Earl
# Virbia disparilis

Virbia disparilis is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1866. It is found on Cuba.
# Wörishofer

Wörishofer is a type of orthopaedic ladies' sandal made in Bad Wörishofen. They have a cork wedge in the sole which is light and acts as a shock absorber. They were first designed in the 1940s and have been considered practical but ugly.[according to whom?] But in 2010, they became fashionable, being worn by celebrities such as Kirsten Dunst and Maggie Gyllenhaal. They may be compared to other practical shoes which have been fashionable, including Birkenstocks, crocs, Dr. Martens, Dr. Scholl's and Ugg boots.
Podiatrist Beverley Ashdown rated them 8/10 in a comparison with other fashionable ugly shoes.
# Wörlitzer Winkel

Wörlitzer Winkel was a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the Wittenberg district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was situated on the left bank of the Elbe, east of Dessau. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Oranienbaum. It was disbanded in January 2011.
The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Wörlitzer Winkel consisted of the following municipalities (population in 2005 between brackets):
* Brandhorst (102)
* Gohrau (427)
* Griesen (364)
* Horstdorf (633)
* Kakau (609)
* Oranienbaum (3.439)
* Rehsen (272)
* Riesigk (215)
* Vockerode (1.682)
* Wörlitz (1.601)
# Xanthyris

Xanthyris is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by father and son entomologists Cajetan and Rudolf Felder.

## Species

* Xanthyris felder Felder & Felder, 1862
* Xanthyris flaveolata (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Xanthyris involuta Bastelberger, 1909
* Xanthyris planilimbata Warren, 1905
* Xanthyris superba Druce, 1903
* Xanthyris supergressa Bastelberger, 1909
# Xanto: Novelucha libre

Xanto: Novelucha libre is a novel written by Mexican writer José Luis Zárate and published in 1994. It is Zárate's first work published and also the first novel of his trilogy Las fases del mito (The phases of the myth), in which he reinvents a part of the life of some characters: El Santo, a Mexican wrestler, Dracula and Superman.
The novel is a confrontation between El Santo and Lovecraft-like deities.

## Synopsis

Adrián Villalobos is an office worker living in the city of Puebla (Mexico) that suffers hallucinations. His mental condition makes him to believe he is the famous Mexican wrestler and movie star known as El Santo. Villalobos begins to exchange his personality with that of El Santo more frequently since he realizes the end of the world is going to begin in Puebla and El Santo is the only hero that can stop it.
# Yalman, Aksaray

Yalman is a village in the Aksaray District, Aksaray Province, Turkey. Its population is 273 (2021).
# Yalnız

Yalnız can refer to:
* Yalnız, Elâzığ
* Yalnız, Merzifon
# Yalqut Reubeni

The Yalqut Reubeni (Collection of Reuben) is a 17th-century collection of midrashim by Rabbi Reuben Hoschke Kohen first printed at Prague in 1660. The collection includes expansions of Rabbinical legends such as concerning Jannes and Jambres, Lilith, and so on.
# Yan Poxi

Yan Poxi (Chinese: 閻婆惜; pinyin: Yán Póxī) is a fictional Song dynasty woman from the Chinese novel Water Margin. She is usually called Yan Xijiao (Chinese: 閻惜嬌), a Hua Dan, in Chinese opera.
Originally from the national capital Kaifeng, Yan Poxi is a beautiful young girl who came to Shandong with her parents to find a relative, but unable to find him they are stuck in Yuncheng County and depend on Yan Poxi's singing to get by. Her father dies, but she and her mother are too poor to give him a proper burial. After learning about their situation, the Yuncheng County clerk Song Jiang pays for his funeral. Her mother then pressures her to marry Song Jiang as a way to express her gratitude. Because Song Jiang does not spend much time with her, Yan Poxi quickly starts an affair with Song's assistant Zhang Wenyuan after her marriage.
One night, she discovers Chao Gai's letter to Song Jiang, and threatens to report Song Jiang to the magistrate for associating with the outlaws unless he agrees to three conditions: 1) allow her to marry Zhang Wenyuan; 2) let her keep all the clothes, ornaments, property, etc., he has given her; and 3) give her the gold bars from Chao Gai. Song Jiang agrees but cannot fulfil the third condition because he only accepted one of the one hundred gold bars mentioned in Chao Gai's letter. Yan Poxi refuses to believe him and continues to threaten to report him. Song Jiang eventually loses patience and stabs her to death in a fit of anger. He then burns the letter and escapes from Yuncheng County.
# Xylitol oxidase

In enzymology, a xylitol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.41) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    xylitol + O$_2$ $\rightleftharpoons$ xylose + H$_2$O$_2$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are xylitol and O$_2$, whereas its two products are xylose and H$_2$O$_2$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is xylitol:oxygen oxidoreductase.
# Yao Juan

Yao Juan (Chinese: 姚娟; pinyin: Yáo Juān; born July 18, 1983) is a Paralympian athlete from China competing mainly in category F43/44/62/64 Javelin Throw, Shot Put and Discus Throw events.

## Career

She won a gold medal at the 2000 paralympics in the F44 Javelin. She has competed in five other Paralympics 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 & 2020 and she won five gold medals. She also won ten medals, including nine gold medals, at the World Para Athletics Championships.
# Yang Liwan

Yang Liwan (born 18 January 1978) is a Paralympian athlete from China competing mainly in category F54 throwing events.

## Athletic career

Yang made her first appearance at a Summer Paralympics in the 2008 Games in Beijing. She entered both the shot put and javelin throw, finishing seventh and eighth respectively. Four years later she appeared at the 2012 Paralympics in London, winning gold in both the javelin and the shot put.
As well as her Paralympic success, Yang has also found success at World Championship level. At the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships in Doha she won gold in the shot put along with a silver in the javelin.

## Personal history

Yang was born in Shishi, China in 1978. In 1996 she was struck by a falling object resulting in paraplegia.
# Yeardley

Yeardley (also: Yeardlea, Yeardlee, Yeardleigh, Yeardlie, or Yardley) is a given name and a surname. The name means "enclosed meadow" but could also mean a bullying and poisonous cow. As a given name, it is predominantly a male's name but may also be a female's name.
Notable people with the given name Yeardley include voice actress Yeardley Smith and lacrosse player and murder victim Yeardley Love. Nicknames given to Yeardley are "Lee" and "Yard".
A notable person with the surname Yeardley is George Yeardley (1587–1627), plantation owner and Governor of Virginia.

## List
### Given name "Yeardley"

* Yeardley Love (1987–2010), Virginia murder victim
* Yeardley Smith (Martha Maria Yeardley Smith) (born 1964), actress, stars on The Simpsons

### Surname "Yeardley"

* Temperance Flowerdew Yeardley (1590–1628), wife of governor George Yeardley
* George Yeardley (1587–1627), governor of British Virginia
* John Yeardley (1786–1858), Quaker missionary
* Martha Savory Yeardley (1781–1851), English poet
# Ye Chaoqun

Ye Chaoqun (Chinese: 叶超群, born 7 October 1984) is a Chinese para table tennis player. He won a gold and a silver at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.
Ye has congenital muscular dystrophy and hand/arm abnormalities.
# Yellow-billed malkoha

The yellow-billed malkoha (Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus) is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
It often follows moor macaques.
# Yeats (disambiguation)

W. B. Yeats was an Irish poet and playwright.
Yeats may also refer to:
* Yeats (surname), a surname and list of people with the name
* Yeats (crater), an impact crater on Mercury
* Yeats (horse), an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse
# Yedsi Ramling Ghat Wildlife Sanctuary

The Yedshi Ramling Ghat Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Osmanabad district. Yedshi Ramling Sanctuary has headquarters at Yedshi. It is situated 20 km from Osmanabad city and 95 km from Beed city. The Latur-Barshi highway passes through the sanctuary. The sanctuary is situated in Kalamb, Bhansgaon and Wadgaon villages of Osmanabad and Kalamb Tehsil of Osmanabad district. It is situated in the Balaghat mountain range of the Sahyadri. In 1997, the government declared an area of 2237.5 hectares as 'Ramling Ghat' Sanctuary for the protection of various plants, animals and birds. It is also known as hill station as it is high above sea level.

## Location

The nearest rail head is Yedshi Town of Maharashtra state which is 5 km from the sanctuary. Regular buses are available from Barshi, Osmanabad and Latur Bus Stand. The sanctuary is open for visitors from sunrise to sunset. There are many hotels and resorts located near Yedshi and Osmanabad towns.

## Management

The Yedshi Ramling Ghat sanctuary is a part of Aurangabad Wildlife Division.The Range Forest Officer( Wildlife) located at Yedshi is in charge of the sanctuary. The Barsi Light Railway line built in 1907 connecting Kurduwadi to Latur passes through the sanctuary.

## Flora

The forest types is of the type of South tropical (regional) arid deciduous forests and thorny forests. Most of the forest area is hilly wooded land with patches of scrub land. The common trees found are Apta, Sag, Sandalwood, Guggul / Salai, Neem, Bhera, Garadi, Savar, Ain, Bor, Dhaman, Sitaphal, Saada, Moh, Medshing, Behda, Acacia catechu (Khair), Acacia leucophloea (Hiwar), Acacia nilotica(Babul), Aegle marmelos (Bel), Albizzia lebbek, Albizzia procera, Anogeissus latifolia (Dhawda), Butea monosperma (Palas), Boswellia serrata (Salaia),Ficus and Terminalia species. The common shrubs include Vites negundo, zizyphus species, Cassia auriculata(tarwad), Carissa carandas, and Helicteres isora(Murudsheng) and Ghaneri shrubs are also found in large numbers here. Apart from these, the forest department has planted a large number of trees like Bor, Shisam, Subabhul, Glyricidia here

## Fauna

The animals include leopard, wild cat, sloth bear, black buck, jackal, wolf, fox, monitor lizards, porcupine, barking deer, and hares. More than 100 species of birds are recorded in the sanctuary area.

## Tourist Places

The major tourist place is Ramling temple which is a famous religious Lord Shiva temple. The sanctuary is accessible in the entire year. However the best months to visit are from October to June. There is a forest rest house at Yedshi. There is a railway resthouse on Durgadevi hilltop near Ramling temple.

## Threats

The threats include illicit cutting, forest fires, encroachment, hunting and trespassing. The spread of shrubby weed Lantana camara is causing damage to the grasslands. The animals in the sanctuary face water scarcity during summer.