OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ground continuity monitor

A GCM or ground continuity monitor (also called a ground integrity monitor or ground continuity tester) is an electrical safety device that monitors the impedance to ground of a temporary electrical circuit and can provide indication (or protective trip) in the event impedance rises to an unsafe value. A GCM is either an external testing device or a cord mounted device that measures the electrical continuity of a circuit’s path to ground.

## Regulatory

Ground continuity monitors are a means to provide protection to workers as part of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations. This OSHA regulation applies only to construction sites. (e.g. early stages of construction where access to a reliable ground might not exist or where portable generators might be used) The use of ground continuity monitors is one option in these environments. GFCI protected circuits are also one option under the OSHA standard. Specifically, the OSHA regulation specifies “The employer shall use either ground fault circuit interrupters … or an assured equipment grounding conductor program … to protect employees on construction sites.” The OSHA regulation also requires that each ground conductor and/or cordset shall be inspected each day, prior to use and after maintenance. The ground is required to be checked for electrical continuity and this test must be documented. The automatic cord mounted GCMs eliminate the need to test each cord or circuit, since the electrical impedance to ground is measured at the attached cord device and visibility indicated there via an LED. These inspections are required by the OSHA regulation on “receptacles which are not a part of the permanent wiring of the building”. As discussed earlier, the permanent wiring of a building might not be established during the early stages of a construction site and therefore would necessitate some assurance of ground protection.

## Operation

Although the OSHA regulations require either a ground conductor program or a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI), these two devices provide protection in very different ways. A GFCI disconnects a circuit whenever it detects that the electric current is not balanced between the energized conductor and the return neutral conductor.
See main article: Residual Current Device
A basic summary of the cord mounted GCM involves a conductor path from the energized conductor (“hot” or black wire) directly through a low-current LED and through the ground wire. This arrangement allows an easy visible indication of acceptable ground continuity in the ground wiring (which would be indicated by the LED being on). The minimum current draw of the LED can be designed such that an impedance value above regulatory limits will not light the LED. The arrangement of detection and components is not standardized as many manufacturers provide commercially available GCMs. Portable ground continuity testers have similar arrangements but generally provide a much broader range of testing options for electrical circuits.
# Gregorio Bausá

Gregorio Bausá (1590–1656) was a Spanish painter of the Baroque period.
Born in the island of Majorca in the village of Sóller to Juan Bausá, he was baptized on August 23 the same year. He was a nephew of Simón Bausá Sales who became bishop of Majorca in 1607. He was the pupil of Francisco Ribalta, and painted devotional paintings. He died in Valencia.
# Griffioen

Griffioen is a Dutch surname meaning "griffin". The name is thought to derive from a house with the sign of a griffin or a coat of arms, though in the middle ages "Griffoen" was also in use as a given name. People with the surname include:
* Annemieke Kiesel (née Griffioen, born 1979), Dutch football midfielder and coach
* James D. Griffioen (born 1977), American writer and photographer
* Jiske Griffioen (born 1985), Dutch wheelchair tennis player
* Sander Griffioen (born 1941), Dutch philosopher
# Gottschalkia acidurici

Gottschalkia acidurici is a species of bacteria belonging to the family of Gottschalkiaceae. It was formerly placed in the genus Clostridium of the Clostridiaceae. It can be anywhere between 2.5 and 4 micrometers in length and anywhere between 0.5 and 0.7 micrometers in width.
# Gordon Manzie

Sir Andrew Gordon Manzie, KCB (3 April 1930 – 24 September 2014) was a British civil servant and chief executive of the Property Services Agency.

## Early life

Andrew Gordon Manzie was born in Edinburgh on 3 April 1930 to parents John Mair, a railway clerk, and Catherine Manzie. He grew up in a council house in Stenhouse, where he attended primary school and was joint dux. Manzie won a bursary to the Royal High School of Edinburgh.

## Career

In 1947 he joined the civil service initially as a clerical officer in the central registry of the Scottish Home and Health Department. After his executive officer exam, he joined the Ministry of Supply in London. In 1949 he undertook his two-year national service with the RAF at Hereford and Bridgnorth, before returning to his posting in London in 1951.
At the age of 30 he graduated with a BSc in economics from the London School of Economics following a course of part-time study.
Manzie then was appointed to a number of posts including private secretary to the permanent secretary at the Ministry of Aviation, and secretary to the Edwards Committee of Inquiry into Civil Air Transport, before moving to the Scottish Office, and later the Department of Trade and Industry.
In 1984, Manzie was appointed second permanent secretary at the Department for the Environment and chief executive of the Property Services Agency. He was appointed to resolve problems of widespread corruption at the agency. His work led to the prosecutions of a number of the agency's staff.
He retired from the civil service in 1990, and became chairman of Anglo Japanese Construction Ltd, winning a contract to build Tsing Ma Bridge. He was also the chairman and director of companies in the Trafalgar House group winning the contract for Jiangyin Bridge.

## Personal life

Manzie married Rosalind Clay in 1955. They had two children, a son, Ian Manzie, and a daughter, Stella Manzie. He also had two grandchildren Ellen and Aodh Manzie. He died on 24 September 2014 in Harlow.

## Honours

In 1983, Manzie was appointed Companion of The Most Honourable Order of the Bath. In 1987, Manzie was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. He was made an honorary fellow of the London School of Economics in 2003.
# Gaius Aurelius Cotta (consul 252 BC)

Gaius Aurelius Cotta (fl. 252–231 BC) was a Roman statesman and general during the middle era of the Roman Republic. He was one of the two consuls of 252 BC, serving with Publius Servilius Geminus; both consuls carried on the war in Sicily against the Carthaginians with great success. Among several other places they also took Himera, but its inhabitants had been secretly removed by the Carthaginians. Afterwards Cotta borrowed ships from Hiero, and having united them with the remnants of the Roman fleet, he sailed to Lipara, the blockade of which he left to his tribune, Quintus Cassius, with the express order not to engage in a battle; but, during the absence of the consul, Cassius notwithstanding allowed himself to be drawn into an engagement, in which many Romans were killed. On being informed of this Cotta returned to Lipara, besieged and took the town, put its inhabitants to the sword, and deprived Cassius of his office of tribune. Cotta was celebrated for the strict discipline which he maintained among his troops, and of which several instances are on record. During the siege of Lipara one of his own kinsmen, Publius Aurelius Pecuniola, was scourged and degraded to the rank of a common soldier, because through his fault a part of the camp was set on fire, in consequence of which almost the whole camp fell into the hands of the enemy. It was probably during the same campaign, that he acted with great rigour towards the equites who refused to obey his commands. At the close of his consulship Cotta triumphed over the Carthaginians and Sicilians. In 248 he obtained the consulship a second time, together with his former colleague, Servilius Geminus, and again fought in Sicily against the Carthaginians. Carthalo in vain endeavoured to make a diversion by attacking the coasts of Italy.
Aurelius was censor alongside Marcus Fabius Buteo in 241, and was later magister equitum under the dictator Gaius Duilius in 231.
# Thomas Martin Cappon

Thomas Martin Cappon (4 April 1863 – 26 January 1939) was a Scottish architect. He designed several notable buildings in Scotland, including Lady Leng Memorial Chapel, which is now a Category A listed building.

## Early life

Cappon was born in Monifieth, Angus, Scotland, in 1863, to James Cappon and Janet Martin. His father was a shipmaster in Dundee.
He was educated at Newport Public School and the High School of Dundee, where he demonstrated an ability to draw. One of his classmates at the University of Dundee, meanwhile, was Sir Alfred Ewing.

## Career

Around 1880, aged 18, Cappon was articled to Charles and Leslie Ower. He was offered a job in the United States but instead opted to remain in Scotland, setting up his own architectural practice in Dundee. One of his first designs was St Mary's Episcopal Church in Newport-on-Tay.

## Personal life

Towards the end of the 19th century, Cappon was a senior captain in the First Volunteer Battalion of the Black Watch regiment.
In 1898, he was elected president of the Dundee Institute of Architecture, Science and Art, and was involved in establishing a school of architecture at Dundee Technical College. He was also admitted as a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
Early in 1900, Cappon's busy life began to take its toll on his body. On medical advice, he departed for Durban, South Africa, in March 1900, touring for three months the battlefields of the South African Wars. He studied their military hospitals and their equipment. Upon his return to Dundee, he discovered his practice had been underperforming. He downsized the business, focusing on large suburban houses.
During World War I, Cappon was a recruiting officer in Dundee, and was given the rank of major.
He retired from practicing architecture in 1929, and sold his business to Joseph Johnston.
In 1935, Cappon published his memoirs, which focussed on his role in public life, rather than his professional career.

## Death

Cappon died at his home in Dundee, The Shieling, in 1939. He was 75. He was interred at Balgay.
# Mezouň

Mezouň is a municipality and village in Beroun District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.
# Dev Dham Jodhpuriya

Dev Dham Jodhpuriya is a temple situated in the Tonk district of Rajasthan, India dedicated to the folk deity Devnarayan.

## Festivals

There are two fairs organised each year at the temple in memory of Devnarayan. During these, bhopas of Devnarayan make figures related to his birth.
The temple is decorated with various statues. These include statues representing the cousins of Devnarayan, Bhuna and Mehandu, along with their half-sister, Taradey Panwar. Other statues commemorate, Sawai Bhoj, as well as depicting different events in his life.

## Aarati and Night vigils

Aarati (major worship) of Devnarayan takes place three times daily, at 4 am, 11 am and 7 pm. Friday is the day when devotees from distant villages and cities come to visit the temple.
Night vigils (jaagirn) are organised by many devotees, especially on Fridays and almost daily in the summer season.
The following quote can be observed on every image of Devnarayan:
   "Samvat 968 ke aansh, janam liya Gurjar ke vansh Sadhu sati ke vachno dwara,kamal phool Dev liya avatar."
This is translated as saying that he was incarnated in the Gurjar dynasty in 911 AD to fulfill the promise he gave to Saadu Maata Gurjari.
# Polycera janjukia

Polycera janjukia is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusc in the family Polyceridae.

## Distribution

This species was described from Victoria, Australia. It also occurs in New South Wales and Tasmania.
# Winchester Law School

Winchester Law School was a privately run institution for legal education in Winchester, Virginia. Operated by Chancellor Henry St. George Tucker Sr., it operated from 1824 to 1831. Tucker closed it after being elected to the state Court of Appeals, because he had to move to Richmond, the capital.

## History

In 1824 Henry Tucker was named Chancellor of the Equity Court of the Fourth District, with jurisdiction in Clarksburg and Winchester. Since he had left the Virginia State Senate and a lucrative law practice to accept the judicial appointment, he needed to generate additional income.
Because he had previously worked as a law professor, Tucker decided to start a law school using a building at what is now 37 South Cameron Street in Winchester.
Using his father St. George Tucker's copies of Blackstone's Commentaries as the basis for his instruction, Henry Tucker lectured three days each week and gave his students regular quizzes to test their knowledge. In addition, he prepared, edited and published Tucker's Notes on Blackstone's Commentaries for the Use of Students. Tucker's Commentaries provided the current state and federal law on each point covered by Blackstone, and was widely used because it focused on United States common law rather than English legal and political theory.
The Winchester Law School was a success, largely because of Tucker's favorable reputation as an attorney and law professor. He had 11 students in the 1824 to 1825 session, and the student body steadily increased until he had more than 30 students each term.

## Closing

In 1831 Tucker was elected to the Virginia Court of Appeals. This position required him to relocate to Richmond and to close the Winchester Law School.

## Notable alumni

* John White Brockenbrough, federal judge and founder of the Washington and Lee University School of Law
* William B. Campbell, member of the United States House of Representatives and Governor of Tennessee
* John R. Chambliss Sr., wealthy Virginia attorney, planter and member of the Confederate Congress
* Robert M. T. Hunter, Speaker of the House, United States Senator from Virginia and Confederate States Secretary of State
* William L. Goggin, member of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia
* Zaccheus Collins Lee, attorney and judge in Maryland
* Isaac S. Pennybacker, United States Senator from Virginia
* Henry A. Wise, Governor of Virginia
# Upper Arun

Upper Arun is a 17.6-hectare (43-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Billingshurst and Pulborough in West Sussex.
This 13-kilometre (8-mile) long stretch of the River Arun provides the habitat for a rich riverine flora, such as common club-rush and reed canary-grass. It is an outstanding site for breeding dragonflies, including the clubtail, hairy, brilliant emerald and the nationally rare scarce chaser.
# Montaigu, Aisne

Montaigu (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# List of trolleybuses produced by Fiat

From the 50s and the 60s Fiat was the biggest manufacturer of trolleybuses in Italy. The company was partner with body makers such as Cansa, Casaro, Garavini, Macchi, Varesina, Viberti and electrical engine manufacturers Breda, CGE, Marelli and TIBB.

## List

* Fiat 461F Materfer CGE
* Fiat 467F Materfer CGE
* Fiat 488F Materfer CGE
* Fiat 635F Varesina Breda
* Fiat 635F Varesina CGE
* Fiat 656F Cansa CGE
* Fiat 656F Garavini CGE
* Fiat 668F Cansa CGE
* Fiat 668F Aerfer TIBB
* Fiat 672F Varesina Breda
* Fiat 672F Viberti CGE
* Fiat 2401 Cansa CGE
* Fiat 2401 Cansa TIBB
* Fiat 2404 Cansa TIBB
* Fiat 2405 Casaro CGE
* Fiat 2405 Casaro TIBB
* Fiat 2405 Macchi CGE
* Fiat 2405 Macchi TIBB
* Fiat 2411 Cansa CGE
* Fiat 2411 Cansa TIBB
* Fiat 2411 Cansa Marelli
* Fiat 2411/1 Cansa CGE
* Fiat 2472 Viberti CGE

## Public transport

Fiat trolleybuses served in Italy in cities like Rome, Milan, Turin, Naples and towns like Florence, Cuneo, Verona, Bologna and other.
Outside Italy trolleybuses by Fiat had in: Greece, Croatia, Serbia, Switzerland, Egypt, Turkey, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, South Africa, Mexico.
# Groveland Correctional Facility

Groveland Correctional Facility is a medium security prison located in the Town of Groveland in Livingston County, New York, in the United States. The facility is located next to the community of Sonyea in Groveland on the site of a former Shaker community. The town is south of Rochester, Monroe County, New York, near Interstate 390.
The prison is divided into 2 parts, upper and lower, with a fence and sally port to restrict movement between the two. Dorms C-J, the prison hospital and food service are on the upper. Dorms K and L, as well as the commissary, school, church and recreation yards are on the lower. The recreation yards feature 3 softball diamonds, a weight yard and horseshoe pits.
In the past, female prisoners were held at Groveland, but it is currently a male facility. As of 2010 Groveland had a working capacity of 1106.

## History

The Shakers owned the Groveland Shaker Village after 1836, when they moved from Sodus in Wayne County, New York to escape worldly influences. When the membership of the sect declined, the Shakers sold the land to the state after they were assured it would be used for good purpose. Several of the Shaker buildings are still used today.
In 1896, the state opened a facility for epileptics on 1900 acres of land in Sonyea. The institution was known first as the Sonyea Colony, before being renamed as the Craig Colony for Epileptics after Oscar Craig, who at the time served as president of New York's State Board of Charities. The facility closed in 1968, and the land and buildings were later repurposed by the state prison system.
# Thomas Ravenscroft (MP)

Thomas Ravenscroft (died 18 February 1681) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1621 to 1622.

## Biography

Ravenscroft was probably the son of William Ravenscroft who was MP for Flintshire in 1586. In 1621, Ravenscroft was elected Member of Parliament for Monmouth Boroughs.
In November 1643, as Colonel Ravenscroft, he surrendered Hawarden Castle to Parliament. He was appointed with others to manage Flintshire on behalf of parliament in May 1648.
Ravenscroft died in 1681 and was buried at Holy Trinity Church, Cheshire, where there is a monument.
Ravenscroft married Margaret Williams daughter of Sir Thomas Williams, 2nd Baronet of Vaynol Carnarvonshire.
# Indian Lake Chain, Ontario

The Indian Lake Chain is a tourism designation given to a series of interconnected lakes located northwest of the community of Vermilion Bay in Kenora District, Ontario, Canada. The designation takes its name from Indian Lake that is part of the series. According to maps published by resorts located on the lakes, the Indian Lake Chain consists of ten lakes: Little Boulder Lake, Boulder Lake, Cobble Lake, Bladder Lake, Big Moose Lake, Little Moose Lake, Whitney Lake, Edward Lake, Indian Lake and Forrest Lake. However, the Atlas of Canada shows only seven lakes, as Little Boulder, Boulder, Cobble and Bladder Lakes are all simply designated "Cobble Lake". The surface elevation of the lakes is approximately 377 metres (1,237 ft), and the water level is maintained by the Forest Lake Dam. (Forest Lake is spelled with two "R"s on local maps but only one at the Atlas of Canada).
Fishing is a popular activity in the summer. Species caught in these lakes include walleye (sometimes known locally as pickerel), muskellunge (muskie), pike, smallmouth bass and lake trout.
# Independent Democratic Party

Independent Democratic Party may refer to:
* Nullifier Party (USA, 1832) (Sometimes called the 'Independent Democratic Party')
* A political party formed mostly by barnburners meeting in Utica, New York, on June 22, 1848
* Democratic Party (UK, 1942)
* Independent Democratic Party (Australia)
* Independent Democratic Party (India)
* Independent Democratic Party of Russia
* Independent Democratic Party (Yugoslavia)
# Thomas Slaney

Thomas Charles Slaney (1852–1935) was an English football player and manager who was the first manager of Stoke.

## Career

Slaney was born in Stoke-upon-Trent and attended Stoke St Peter's School where John William Thomas was a teacher. Thomas was the first honorary secretary of the Stoke Ramblers and was well known in the local area for his involvement in football, cricket and athletic clubs, therefore Slaney took a keen interest in local sport. He attended the Saltley College in Birmingham and went to St John's school in Hanley as a teacher, rising to headmaster within ten years. He began playing football with Stoke and was soon elected club captain. In August 1874 he was appointed honorary secretary, whilst the team was still picked by a committee Slaney effectively organised the club's activities which included arranging away travel and making sure the players knew the kick-off times.
His status ensured that he played in the glamorous centre forward position and he was described as "a fine and dashing player". His style was typical of the time, dribbling alone or in a huddle with other forwards. Slaney took corners and free-kicks and was described as "judicious and energetic". He was renowned for being a model captain, expecting his players to behave with gentlemanly conduct. In the 1877–78 season Slaney lead Stoke to their first piece of silverware by beating Talke Rangers 1–0 in the Staffordshire Senior Cup. Stoke had previously beaten Mow Cop by a club record 26–0 with Slaney reportedly scoring nine of the goals. Stoke retained the cup in 1878–79, defeating Cobridge 2–1.
Slaney faded out the side in the early 1880s with the younger Edward Johnson playing more regularly. He retired as captain in 1882 and he changed the club's colours of black and light blue hoops to red and white stripes and helped the club agree a merger with the Victoria Athletic Club enabling them to play at the Victoria Ground. After Stoke abandoned amateurism status in favour of professionalism Slaney left his position at Stoke. His influence at the Victoria Ground remained as friend and colleague Harry Lockett became Stoke's manager as did his former assistant schoolmaster, Horace Austerberry.
In 1890 Slaney was appointed President of Stoke baseball club, for the upcoming professional 1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain and was a Director of Preston North End Baseball Club.
# Devendra (spider)

Devendra is a genus of Asian false wolf spiders first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967. The genus is endemic to Sri Lanka.

## Species

As of June 2021 it contains five species:
* Devendra amaiti Polotow & Griswold, 2017 — Sri Lanka
* Devendra pardalis (Simon, 1898) — Sri Lanka
* Devendra pumilus (Simon, 1898) — Sri Lanka
* Devendra saama Polotow & Griswold, 2017 — Sri Lanka
* Devendra seriatus (Simon, 1898) — Sri Lanka
# Design 1025 ship

The Design 1025 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1025) was a steel-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Board's Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) in World War I. They were referred to as the "Harriman-type" as the majority of ships were built in the Harriman section of Bristol, Pennsylvania. A total of 62 ships were ordered and built at three shipyards: 40 ships at Merchant Shipbuilding Corporation, Bristol, Pennsylvania; 12 ships at Newburgh Shipyards in Newburgh, New York; and 10 ships at Pensacola Shipbuilding Company in Pensacola, Florida.