OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Metzenhausen

Metzenhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kirchberg, whose seat is in the like-named town.

## Geography
### Location

The municipality lies in the central Hunsrück roughly 4 km (2 mi) northwest of Kirchberg and 7 km (4 mi) northeast of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport. The municipal area measures 309 ha (760 acres), of which 121 ha (300 acres) is wooded.

## History

The village got its name from a noble family. It was in 1278 that Conrad von Mentzenhusin (Metzenhausen) was mentioned. The best known representative of this Metzenhausen noble family, that lived in the village for just under 500 years, was Johann III of Metzenhausen, who from 1531 to 1540 was Archbishop of Trier. In 1317, Metzenhausen was raised to quasi-parish by Count Emich von Sponheim, who was also the pastor at Kirchberg. He equipped the chapel with properties at Todenroth and Lampenrode (a now vanished village). Beginning in 1794, Metzenhausen lay under French rule. In 1815 it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna. Since 1946, it has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The council is made up of six council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.

### Mayor

Metzenhausen’s mayor is Werner Nick, and his deputy is Kurt Kilb.

### Coat of arms

The German blazon reads: Das Wappen zeigt in von Gold und Blau in sechs Reihen geschachtem Schild einen schwarzen Pfahl, belegt mit silbernem Doppelhaken.
The municipality’s arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Chequy Or and azure, a pale sable charged with a cramp palewise argent.
The “chequy” pattern is drawn from the arms formerly borne by the Counts of Sponheim.

## Culture and sightseeing
### Buildings

The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments:
* Catholic Church of the Assumption of Mary (Kirche Mariä Himmelfahrt), Hauptstraße – Late Gothic aisleless church, essentially from the 16th century, nave converted possibly in the 17th century, extensive repairs in 1829-1831, sacristy, 1854; whole complex of buildings with graveyard (see also below)
* Backesweg 2 – timber-frame house, partly solid or slated, 18th century, barn 20th century; whole complex of buildings
* Mühlenweg 2 – so-called Heerehaus; building with hipped mansard roof, early 18th century
* Brühltaler Mühle, in the Brühltal (valley) between Metzenhausen and Todenroth – small watermill with complete works, latter half of the 19th century

#### Chapel

Worth seeing is the Chapel of the Assumption of Mary from the 15th century, whose quire was built in the Gothic style. It also has stained glass windows depicting Archbishop of Trier Johann III of Metzenhausen.
* Metzenhausen seen from the southwest
* Municipal building in the village centre
* Chapel of the Assumption of Mary
# Metzels

Metzels is a village and a former municipality in the Schmalkalden-Meiningen district of Thuringia, Germany. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town Wasungen. It is located on the north-western edge of the Dolmar on a high plateau.

## History

The village is first found mentioned in 1228. It originally belonged to the Princely Abbey of Fulda. In the first half of the 15th Century, it was owned by the Henneberg District of Wasungen, which was located in the Franconian Circle. Then from 1680 it belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.
According to 16th Century folklore, a battle was fought at Metzel in 1228 during the war between the Counts of Henneberg and the High Abbey of Würzburg, in which Count Heinrich von Beichlingen and Heinrich II von Sternberg were defeated as allies of the Bishop.
Metzels was home to a case of witch-hunting a man in 1673.
In February 1945, a Halifax bomber of the Royal Air Force was shot down by a German night fighter. Parts of the machine were brought down on the territory of the municipality.
In January 2019, the municipality of Metzels was incorporated into the City of Wasungen.
# Kijo (folklore)

A kijo (鬼女, lit. demon woman) is an oni woman from Japanese legends.

## Mythology

They are normally considered to be women who have turned into oni as a result of karma and resentment, with the younger ones being called "kijo" while the ones that look like old ladies are called onibaba (鬼婆, "demon hag"). They often appear in Japanese legends, folktales, fairy tales, and performing arts, and famous among them are Momiji (from The Legend of Momiji and Momijigari) from Togakushi, Shinano Province (now the town of Kinasa, Nagano, Nagano Prefecture) and Suzuka Gozen from the Suzuka Mountains.
The onibaba of Adachigahara (Kurozuka) had "baba" in her name, but she is also considered a kijo. Also, the Tosa Obake Zōshi (author unknown) that spelled out tales of yōkai in Tosa Province (now Kōchi Prefecture) had, under the title of "Kijo," stated that an oni woman (kijo) with hair of a length 4 shaku and 8 sun (about 150 centimeters) ate a fetus from a pregnant woman, although the origin of this story is the onibaba legend of Adachigahara from Fukushima Prefecture that later spread to Tosa, and due to this spread, it became told about along with local legends there.
The word "kijo" is also used as a general term for women with hideous hearts like that of an oni.
# Nicolae Nicoleanu

Nicolae Nicoleanu (born Neagoe Tomoșoiu; June 16, 1835–April 7, 1871) was a Romanian poet. born in the Austrian Empire.
Born in Cernatu Săcelelor, a village near Brașov in the Austrian Empire, Nicoleanu crossed into Wallachia to attend the episcopal seminary in Buzău, followed by the National College in Craiova. At age 23, he left for Paris, returning three years later after passing through Berlin and Antwerp. He began his journalistic career at C. A. Rosetti's Românul. At age 27, having moved to Moldavia, he became a clerk in Roman. At 29, he was a school director in the provincial capital, Iași. He then worked as a clerk at the State Archives, spent a year as a school inspector for Iași, Vaslui, and Fălciu counties, was a clerk in the Education Ministry, and a secretary at the State Archives in the Wallachian capital, Bucharest. He went insane at age 33 and never recovered, dying in a hospice in Pantelimon. His only published book, a collection of verses called Poezii and prefaced by Iacob Negruzzi, was published in Iași in 1865.
# Joseph Redman

Joseph Reasor Redman (April 17, 1891 – September 7, 1968) was an admiral in the United States Navy. A naval communications officer, he played key roles in signals intelligence during World War II, while he served as Director of Naval Communications.

## Biography

Redman graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1914. He was the brother of John R. Redman, also a prominent naval communications officer. Joseph Redman commanded the USS Tuscaloosa from December 1939 to May 1940. On December 7, 1941, he was serving as the assistant to Rear Admiral Leigh Noyes, the Director of Naval Communications. Following the reorganization of naval communications in February 1942 and the departure of Noyes, Redman succeeded him as DNC until September 1942. Redman then went to the South Pacific to command the USS Phoenix until returning as DNC in an unusual second tour, from April 1943 to August 1945. He retired with the rank of Rear Admiral and for his service as Director of Naval Communications, he was decorated with Navy Distinguished Service Medal. Rear Admiral Joseph R. Redman died on September 7, 1968, and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
Every year the Admiral Joseph R. Redman Award is given to the midshipman of the graduating class at the United States Naval Academy who has "demonstrated the greatest achievement in the professional courses in Electrical Fundamentals and Applications" and is nominated by the Electrical Engineering Department.

## Redman brothers

After the war the roles of Admiral Redman and his brother John R. Redman during the war became controversial especially pertaining to the gathering of information prior to the Battle of Midway. Despite their claim that John Redman's unit in Washington had been instrumental in developing the intelligence that led to the successful battle, it now appeared that in fact Redman and his people had drawn the wrong conclusions. The real work was done by the cryptanalyst team at Pearl Harbor under the direction of Joseph Rochefort. After the battle the Redmans claimed the credit and used their influence to destroy Rochefort's career. This is further supported in detail by Stephen Budiansky. Redman's intelligence failures for the Battle of Midway, which included failure to identify the Japanese objectives and the date of their operation, are described in the memoirs of Rear Admiral Edwin Layton, who was Admiral Nimitz' intelligence chief throughout the Pacific War
Military offices :
| Preceded byCarl Frederick Holden | Director of Naval Communications April 1943– August 1945 | Succeeded byEarl E. Stone |
# Niedźwiedź (surname)

Niedźwiedź or Niedzwiedz is a Polish language surname from the Polish word for bear. Notable people with the name include:
* Agnieszka Niedźwiedź (1995), Polish former mixed martial artist
* Iwona Niedźwiedź (1979), Polish former handball player
* Janusz Niedźwiedź (1982), Polish football manager and former player
* Klaus Niedzwiedz (1951), former professional race driver and motoring journalist
# Joseph Maregu

Joseph Nganga Maregu (born 22 November 1977) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes in road running events from 10K to the marathon. A journeyman competitor on the roads, he made only one international appearance at the 2008 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships, taking ninth place and a team gold medal with Kenya.
Active between 2004 and 2014, he initially focused on 10K and half marathon races and won a number of low level French competitions. His highest standard victories came at the Lille Half Marathon (2006 and 2007) and the Paris Half Marathon (2007). His lifetime best of 59:45 minutes came during his second win in Lille. He ran his first marathon in Kenya in 2006, but his debut time of 2:24:18 hours was slow. He turned to marathon running proper in 2009, taking third at the Vienna City Marathon in a time of 2:09:25 hours. This was to be his best however and in five subsequent outings he did not better two hours and ten minutes. He had his last road win in 2010 at the Olomouc Half Marathon.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 2008 | World Half Marathon Championships | Rio de Janeiro | 9th | Half marathon | 1:03:32 |
| 2008 | World Half Marathon Championships | Rio de Janeiro | 1st | Team | 3:07:24 |

## Circuit wins

* Olomouc Half Marathon: 2010
* Lille Half Marathon: 2006, 2007
* Paris Half Marathon: 2007
* 15 km du Puy-en-Velay: 2007
* Paris-Versailles: 2007, 2008

## Personal bests

* 10K run – 27:43 min (2009)
* Half Marathon – 59:45 min (2007)
* Marathon – 2:09:25 (2009)
# Michael Breaugh

Michael James Breaugh (September 13, 1942 – November 22, 2019) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1975 to 1990, and in the House of Commons of Canada from a 1990 by-election until 1993.

## Background

Breaugh was one of four sons of Thomas Breaugh and Marion Rush; his brothers were Harold, Patrick, and Tom. He was educated at Peterborough Teachers' College, Queen's University, and the University of Toronto. A teacher by training, he served as an executive of the Ontario English Catholic Teachers Association.

## Politics

He was first elected to public office in the 1975 Ontario election. A New Democrat, he won an easy victory in the working-class riding of Oshawa, while the NDP became the principal legislative opposition to the long-established Progressive Conservative government. He was re-elected in the 1977 election.
The NDP had seemed poised for an electoral breakthrough in 1977, but instead fell from second to third-place status in the legislature. When Stephen Lewis stepped down as Ontario NDP leader in 1978, Breaugh ran to succeed him. He received 499 votes at the 1978 NDP leadership convention, finishing a strong third in a field of three candidates. Most of his supporters went to Michael Cassidy rather than presumed frontrunner Ian Deans on the second ballot, giving Cassidy a narrow victory.
Breaugh was re-elected in the 1981 election, though by a narrower margin than before.
Breaugh had a poor relationship with Bob Rae, who succeeded Cassidy as party leader in 1982. The NDP experienced a modest recovery under Rae in the 1985 provincial election, and Breaugh was again re-elected by a significant margin in Oshawa. In the 1987 election, he defeated Liberal candidate Cathy O'Flynn by the reduced margin of 2,916 votes as the Liberals won a landslide provincial majority.
Breaugh often clashed with Rae in the 1980s, criticising his leadership. In 1990, he left Queen's Park and ran for a seat in the House of Commons of Canada, in a by-election called in the federal Oshawa riding to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of former federal NDP leader Ed Broadbent. Breaugh again defeated O'Flynn, now running for the Liberal Party of Canada, to win the by-election, which was held on August 13, a month before the 1990 Ontario election that brought Rae's NDP to power.
Rae's government was largely responsible for Breaugh's defeat at the polls in 1993. The provincial NDP had by this time lost much of its support from organized labour, through austerity legislation known as the Social Contract. This had a detrimental effect on the federal NDP, which lost all ten of its Ontario seats in the 1993 federal election. Breaugh was unseated being reduced to a fourth-place finish in Oshawa, where the local branch of the Canadian Auto Workers had previously disaffiliated from the NDP.
He supported Howard Hampton as leader of the Ontario NDP in 1996.
Breaugh died on November 22, 2019.
# Joseph Ravenscroft Elsey

Joseph Ravenscroft Elsey (1834–1857) was an English born naturalist, surgeon and explorer. After achieving qualifications in Chemistry and at the Royal College of Surgeons, Elsey joined the North Australian Exploring Expedition, led by Augustus Gregory, that was under taken in 1856. His notes on three novel specimens of birds were published by John Gould, and commemorated in the naming of a plant species, Ripogonum elseyanum, by Ferdinand von Mueller. The description by John Edward Gray of a new genus of turtles, Elseya, also honours Elsey's contributions as a field worker collecting records of Australian flora and fauna.
# Meyersville, Texas

Meyersville is an unincorporated community in DeWitt County, Texas, United States.

## History

The first settlement at Meyersville was made in 1846 by Adolph Meyer, who gave the town his name. The community was originally built up chiefly by Germans. A post office was established at Meyersville in 1851. The Pakebusch Family Reunion is held annually in Meyersville on the first Saturday in August.

## Education

The Meyersville Independent School District serves area students in grades pre-kindergarten through eight. Ninth through twelfth grade students attend Cuero High School in the Cuero Independent School District.
# Nicolaes de Vree

Nicolaes de Vree (1645–1702) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

## Biography

De Vree was born in Amsterdam. According to Houbraken, he painted landscapes, flowers, thistles, and herbs. Houbraken had a hard time finding information about his character, though there were many who were willing to discuss his works. This was because he was not a very social man, and after forming a friendship with Jan Luyken, he became, like Luyken, a follower of Behmenism, based on the writing of the German mystic Jakob Böhme.
He was a pupil of Jan Wijnants and he is known for his landscapes. In 1696 he moved to Alkmaar and in 1697 he became a member of the Alkmaar Guild of Saint Luke. He died in Alkmaar.
He was one of the painters who worked on the album of garden paintings for Agnes Block.
# Michalis Nikolinakos

Michalis Nikolakos or Mihalis Nikolakkos (Greek: Μιχάλης Νικολινάκος, 1923 – 13 December 1994) was a Greek theatrical and cinematic actor. He was born in 1923 in Alyka, Laconia, in the southeastern Peloponnese. In his childhood years, he moved to Piraeus. After 1946, he studied both at the art school and the drama school of the Athens Odeum, where he had a student, the great Dimitris Rontiris. He was very famous as a cartoon artist as well, with works in magazines. He died in Athens in 1994.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Greek title | English title | Role |
| 1952 | To stravoxylo | | | Kostas Panagiotou |
| 1953 | O kapetan Sorokadas | | | |
| 1953 | O genitsaros | Ο γενίτσαρος | The Janissary | Michel Nichol |
| 1956 | Tsiganiko aima | | | |
| 1957 | Agioupa, to koritsi tou kampou | | | Doctor |
| 1958 | O anthropos tou trainou | Ο άνθρωπος του τραίνου | The Man From The Train | Yorgos Pavlidis / Yorgos Depodes |
| 1958 | To teleftaio psema | Το τελευταίο ψέμα | A Matter of Dignity | Galanos (Γαλανός) |
| 1959 | Egklima sto Kolonaki | Έγκλημα στο Κολωνάκι | | Nasos Karnezis (Nάσος Καρνέζης) |
| 1959 | Psit... koritsia! | | | Alekos |
| 1959 | O Ali Pasa kai i kyra - Frosyni | Ο Αλή Πασάς και η κυρα- Φροσύνη | | Muhtar |
| 1959 | Gia to psomi kai ton erota | Για το ψωμί και τον έρωτα | For The Bread And Romance | |
| 1960 | Eroika | | | |
| 1960 | Enas Ellinas sto Parisi | | | |
| 1960 | Stratiotes dichos stoli | Στρατιώτες δίχως στολή | | Hristos |
| 1960 | To mystiko tou kokkinou mandya | | | Hristos Pallas |
| 1960 | O xenos tis nyhtas | | | |
| 1960 | I Nancy (Nansy) tin psonise | Η Νάνσυ την ψώνισε | Nancy Yelled | Vassilis Komporozos |
| 1960 | I kritikopoula kai o eleftherotis | | | |
| 1960 | Ena koritsi se perimenei | | | |
| 1961 | Efialtis | Εφιάλτης | Ephialtes | Tonis Karzis |
| 1961 | Epikindyni apostoli | | | |
| 1962 | Oi 300 Spartiates | Οι 300 Σπαρτιάτες | The 300 Spartans | Myron |
| 1966 | Mia gynaika katigoreitai | | | Giorgos Mavrospathis |
| 1968 | Brosta stin aghoni | | | Grigoris |
# List of castles in West Dunbartonshire

This is a list of castles in West Dunbartonshire.

## List

| Name | Type | Date | Location | Notes |
| Dumbarton Castle | Garrison fortress | 17th-18th century | Dumbarton NS398744 | The site was the centre of the Kingdom of Strathclyde. Scheduled monument. Open to public. |
| Dunglass Castle | | 15th century | Bowling NS436734 | Partially demolished for building stone 1735. Later house remains on the site. |
| Balloch Castle | Castellated house | 1809 | Balloch NS390830 | Ruins of the original medieval castle still remain. |
| Inchmurrin Castle | | 14th century | Inchmurrin NS 3730 8630 | Built by the Earls of Lennox. |
| Boturich Castle | Castellated house | 1835 | By Loch Lomond NS 3875 8456 | Built on the ruins of an older castle. |
| Tullichewan Castle | Castellated house | 19th century | Tullichewan NS 3815 8112 | Demolished |
| Kilmaronock Castle | Tower house | 15th century | Gartocharn NS 4550 8771 | The remains of a tower house of the late 15th or early 16th century, Kilmaronock was the property of the Earl of Glencairn in 1695. |
# Judge and Clerk Islets

The Judge and Clerk Islets are small islands, with a total land and reef area of no more than 20 hectares (49 acres), lying 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north of Macquarie Island in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. They are, with Macquarie Island, part of Tasmania, Australia. They are in the Macquarie Island Nature Reserve and were inscribed in 1997 on the UNESCO World Heritage Area, and form a Special Management Area within the nature reserve. They are very infrequently visited and are free of introduced animals and plants.
# MV Eurovoyager

The MV Eurovoyager was a freight and passenger ferry which was operated by Transeuropa Ferries.

## History

The Eurovoyager was launched by Belliard Hoboken as the Prins Albert in 1978 for Regie voor Maritiem Transport Belgie on their Ostend to Dover route. In 1994 she was transferred to the Ostend Ramsgate route. In 1998 she was bought by Denval Marine Consultants and renamed Eurovoyager. She was chartered to Sally Line in the same year, but was only used for a few months as in November of the same year she was transferred to Transeuropa Ferries for use on their Ostend Ramsgate route. In July 2009, a Marine Accident Investigation Branch report revealed that Eurovoyager had regularly been operated with her watertight doors open, in breach of maritime regulations. She was scrapped on 27 April 2012 under the name Voyager.

## Sister ships

* M/F Primrose - originally Princesse Marie Christine, 1975.
* M/F Al Arabia - originally Princesse Maria-Esmeralda, 1975
# Sphoeroides kendalli

Sphoeroides kendalli, known as the slick puffer, is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It is native to the Eastern Pacific, where it ranges from Costa Rica to Talara, Peru. It is a demersal species found in shallow coastal areas that reaches 18 cm (7 inches) in total length.
# Inodrillia ricardoi

Inodrillia ricardoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Brazil.
# Telecommunications in Aruba

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] This article is about communications systems in Aruba.

## Telephone

Telephones - main lines in use: 38,700 (2006) country comparison to the world: 166
Telephones - mobile cellular: 105,700 (2006) country comparison to the world: 178
Telephone system: general assessment: modern fully automatic telecommunications system domestic: increasing competition through privatization; 3 wireless service providers are now licensed international: 1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive inter-island microwave radio relay links. Satellite connection with the rest of the world are also available.

## Radio

Radio broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 16, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios: 50,000 (1997)

## Television

Television broadcast stations: 3 (2004)
Televisions: 60,000 (2004)

## Internet

Internet country code: AW
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): Setar NV
International Carriers: IP Globalcom N.V. (2008)
Internet hosts: 17,611 (2008) country comparison to the world: 97
Internet users: 24,000 (2007) country comparison to the world: 183
As of May 2007, the whole island of Aruba has 3G cellular internet connections.