OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Gannon (politician)

James Conley Gannon KC (11 October 1859 – 30 September 1924) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Tempe to coach proprietor Robert Gannon and Agnes Conley. He received a public education before becoming a clerk, first in the library and then the Colonial Secretary's department. From 1885 he studied law, and on 12 March 1887 he was called to the bar and worked mostly in criminal law. On 18 January 1889 he married Florence Elsie May Jackson, with whom he had two children. As a barrister he worked mostly in criminal and divorce law.
In 1904 he was appointed Attorney General in the Waddell government and appointed to the New South Wales Legislative Council. He served in this post from June to August, when the Waddell government was defeated. Gannon remained in the Council until his death.
He returned to practice as a barrister and was appointed King's Counsel on 2 March 1910.
Gannon died from pneumonia at Camperdown on 30 September 1924(1924-09-30) (aged 64). His wife Florence had predeceased him in 1929 and he was survived by his children Guy and Pearl.
# Janča

Janča is a village situated in Novi Pazar municipality in Serbia.
# Nanjing–Xi'an railway

The Nanjing–Xi'an railway or Ningxi railway (simplified Chinese: 宁西铁路; traditional Chinese: 寧西鐵路; pinyin: níngxī tiělù), is a major trunkline railroad in China connecting Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province and Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi Province. The Chinese name for the line, Ningxi, is named after the two terminal cities, Ning, the Chinese character shorthand for the city of Nanjing, and Xi for Xian. The line is 1,196 km (743 mi) in length and comprises the Xi’an-Hefei section in the west, 1,196 km (743 mi) in length, that opened on January 7, 2004. And the high-speed Hefei–Nanjing section in the east, better known as the Hefei–Nanjing passenger railway, 166 km (103 mi) in length opened on April 18, 2008. In addition, a connection line 72 km (45 mi) in length was built in 2004 connected the main line in Sui County and the Hankou–Danjiangkou railway in northern Hubei. The Ningxi railway passes through five provinces in central and eastern China. Major cities along route include Nanjing and Pukou in Jiangsu Province; Feidong, Hefei and Lu'an in Anhui Province; Huangchuan, Xinyang, Nanyang and Xixia County in Henan Province and Shangluo, Weinan and Xian in Shaanxi Province. The main line skirts Hubei Province near Sui County.
Since the completion of Shanghai-Wuhan-Chengdu Corridor, of which Hefei-Nanjing section of this line is a part, the remaining part of this line is often called "Hefei-Xi'an Railway".

## History

Planning of the Nanjing-Xian railway began in early 1990s to bring railway service to a 400–500 km void in China's railway network between the Longhai railway to the north and Xiangyu and Handan railways to the south. Construction began in 2000 and the Xi'an-Hefei section of the line entered into operation on January 7, 2004. The high-speed, double-track Hefei-Nanjing section, also known as the Hefei–Nanjing railway, which was built from 2005 to 2008, opened on April 18, 2008 and forms part of the Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger railway.
The construction of the second track of the Xi'an-Hefei section officially started in December 2012. The Shaanxi section opened on December 11, 2015, the Hubei section opened on December 15, 2015, and the Henan section and Anhui section opened on December 21, 2015.
The newly constructed double track uses continuously-welded track.
The line has been partly electrified. Electrification was completed between Nanjing and Yeji on 8 December 2015.

## Railway junctions

The Ningxi railway is a major trunkline in China's railway network and connects with numerous other railway lines including:
Jiangsu Province
* Nanjing: Beijing–Shanghai railway, Nanjing–Tongling railway, Nanjing–Qidong railway, Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway
Anhui Province
* Hefei: Hefei–Wuhan railway, Huainan railway
Henan Province
* Huangchuan: Beijing–Kowloon railway
* Xinyang: Beijing–Guangzhou railway
Hubei Province
* Sui County: Xiaolin–Lishan railway
Henan Province
* Nanyang: Jiaozuo–Liuzhou railway
Shaanxi Province
* Xi'an: Longhai railway, Xi'an–Ankang railway, Houma–Xi'an railway
# Warreella

Warreella is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It has two known species, both native to northwestern South America.
* Warreella cyanea (Lindl.) Schltr. - Colombia + Venezuela
* Warreella patula Garay - Colombia
# Spheroidene

Spheroidene is a carotenoid pigment. It is a component of the photosynthetic reaction center of certain purple bacteria of the Rhodospirillaceae family, including Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. Like other carotenoids, it is a tetraterpenoid. In purified form, it is a brick-red solid soluble in benzene.
Spheroidene was discovered by microbiologist C. B. van Niel, who named it "pigment Y". It was renamed by Basil Weedon, who was the first to prepare it synthetically, and to determine its structure, in the mid-1960s.

## Function

Spheroidene is bound to the type II photosynthetic reaction center of purple bacteria, and together with the bacteriochlorophyll forms part of the light-harvesting complex. Spheroidene has two major functions in the complex. First, it absorbs visible light in the blue-green part of the visible spectrum (320–500 nm), where bacteriochlorophyll has little absorbance. It then transfers energy to the bacteriochlorophyll via singlet–singlet energy transfer. In this manner the reaction center is able to harness more of the visible light spectrum than would be possible with bacteriochlorophyll alone. Second, spheroidene quenches excited singlet states of bacteriochlorophyll by forming a stable triplet state. This quenching helps to prevent the formation of harmful singlet oxygen. Other functions of spheroidene may include scavenging of singlet oxygen, nonradiative dissipation of excess light energy, and structural stabilization of the photosystem proteins.
Spheroidene is thought to exist as the 15,15'-cis isomer, and not the all-trans isomer commonly shown in the literature, in native photosynthetic reaction centers.

## Biosynthesis

The proteins involved in spheroidene biosynthesis are encoded by a gene cluster. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) is the precursor to spheroidene and the other carotenoids; two molecules of GGPP condense to form the symmetric tetraterpene phytoene. This molecule then undergoes three desaturations to form neurosporene, which is then hydroxylated, desaturated again, and methoxylated to produce spheroidene. In some species, spheroidene is further oxygenated to produce the ketone spheroidenone.
# Pol Heyvaert

Pol Heyvaert is a Belgian stage director and designer with long-standing ties to the Ghent-based theatre company Victoria.
Pol Heyvaert has a long-standing relationship with Victoria. He was the stage designer for several of their productions including: Moeder en Kind ([[Alain Platel]] & Arne Sierens; 1994); Bernadetje (Alain Platel & Arne Sierens; 1997); Dansé Donsé Dan Dan (Latrinité; 1995), Auri Sacra Fames (Latrinité; 1997); Limbus Patrum (Latrinité; 2000), Wayn Storm Carmen Story and Mise-en-Traub V (Wayn Traub;2001); Snack Bar Tragedy (Christophe Frick; 2002) and White Star (Lies Pauwels; 2004).
Pol Heyvaert also founded the Kung Fu collective together with Felix van Groeningen, where he directed Best of and Discothèque. He has also worked as stage designer for les ballets C de la B, notably for Alain Platel's iets Op Bach (1998), and for Nieuwpoorttheater with De 10des (1994), Napels (1996), Radio Carmen (1996) and Flippers (1996). In 2001, he collaborated with Felix van Groeningen again on the Kung Fu short film Bonjour Maman and as a production designer for the feature film Steve + Sky.
He directed Aalst (play) Conceived, directed and designed texts by Pol Heyvaert and Dimitri Verhulst English translation by Duncan McLean National Theatre of Scotland production Original version Victoria 2005 Scottish version 2007, production at the Sydney Festival 2008
# Makandal Daaga

Makandal Akhenation Daaga ORTT (born Geddes Granger; 13 August 1935 – 8 August 2016) was a Trinidad and Tobago political activist and former revolutionary. He was the leader of the 1970 Black Power Revolution. During the unrest he was arrested and charged.
He rallied against inequalities towards black citizens in Trinidad.
In February 1969, Granger founded the NJAC National Joint Action Committee.
In 2013 Daaga was awarded the Order of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (ORTT).
Daaga died on 8 August 2016.

## Early life and education

Geddes Granger was born in Laventille, Trinidad and Tobago. His father, Philip, was a barber and World War I veteran. Granger attended Belmont Intermediate School, and St. Mary's College before entering the University of the West Indies in St. Augustine in 1967 where he was elected president of the Guild of Students. He took the name "Daaga" from one of the African leaders of the St. Joseph Mutiny against the British Army in 1837.

## NJAC and the February Revolution

In 1969, a group of West Indian students occupied the computer centre at Sir George Williams University in Montreal. Ten Trinidadian students were among those charged with arson, among other actions. Partly in response to these events in Canada, Granger founded the National Joint Action Committee together with Dave Darbeau (later known as Kafra Kambon), Carl Blackwood, Aiyegoro Ome, Kelshall Bodie and Russel Andalucio. In late 1969, protests organised by NJAC successfully prevented a planned visit by the Canadian Governor-General Roland Michener to the St. Augustine campus of the University of the West Indies.
A demonstration was organised by NJAC and other groups on 26 February 1970 in Port of Spain to mark the first anniversary of the Sir George Williams affair. In response to this, nine of the leaders of NJAC were arrested, including Granger. Their release on March 4 was marked with demonstrations by thousands of supporters. The following day, a peaceful protest in solidarity with the NJAC leaders was dispersed by the police, triggering violent protests and the attempted fire bombing of the home of a government minister.
Protests continued through March and intensified in April after Basil Davis, an NJAC member, was killed by the police on 6 April. Davis's funeral on 9 April drew 30,000 mourners. On 13 April, A. N. R. Robinson, a government minister and member of Parliament, resigned from the ruling People's National Movement in protest. On 21 April, the Prime Minister, Eric Williams, declared a state of emergency and arrested Granger and 14 other leaders of the Black Power movement.$^{:71}$
# Joshua Webb

Joshua or Josh Webb may refer to:
* Josh Webb (Home and Away), a recurring character in Home and Away
* Josh Webb (footballer) (born 1995), English footballer (Kilmarnock FC)
* Joshua Webb (basketball), Filipino basketball player (2013 PBA draft)
# CPCC

CPCC can refer to:
* Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability, the headquarters of European Union civilian missions
* Central Piedmont Community College
* The Canadian Playing Card Company
* Chandigarh Pradesh Congress Committee or Chandigarh Territorial Congress Committee (CTCC), branch of the Indian National Congress in Chandigarh
* Chhattisgarh Pradesh Congress Committee, branch of the Indian National Congress in Chhattisgarh
# Pendent

Pendent is an adjective that describes the condition of hanging, either literally, or figuratively, as in undecided or incomplete. The word is to be distinguished from the spelling "pendant", which is the noun.
* In botany and anatomy the term applies to hanging forms of organs such as leaves, branches, limbs and the like, that otherwise might be rigid or erect.
* In sigillography, a pendent seal is one that hangs loose from its associated document by cords, ribbons, or a parchment tag or tail: it is thus distinguished from an applied seal, which is applied directly to the face of the paper or parchment on which the document is written.
* In various senses, such as legal matters, pendent can mean "pending" or conditional on future developments.
* In grammar a pendent sentence is incomplete in some formal sense, for example lacking a finite verb.
Something pendent may be viewed as any member of a support system (e.g. a section of a dome or, organically, a parent/guardian in a nuclear family). A pendent component of a structure or system requires one or more of the same as itself to be functional. For example, one playing card in a house of cards requires another against it in order to maintain stability. Likewise the segments of certain types of dome rely upon each other for support, as do the individual blocks or timber frames which make up a dome whether segmented or not. The whole dome may in turn be supported by pendentives (which in turn support each other). In the construction of arches and domes, the pendent condition commonly leads to special requirements for timber centring or similar expedients during construction: when the structure is completed it becomes self-supporting and the temporary structure can be removed.
# Japanese submarine chaser CH-14

CH-14 was a No.13-class submarine chaser of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

## History

CH-14 was laid down by Tama Shipbuilding at its Okajima shipyard on 6 June 1940, launched on 29 November 1940, and completed and commissioned on 31 March 1941.
On 28 July 1945, she was attacked by aircraft from Vice Admiral John S. McCain Sr.'s Task Force 38 which resulted in her being beached near Yokosuka (at 34°5′N 136°15′E﻿ / ﻿34.083°N 136.250°E﻿ / 34.083; 136.250) where she remained until the end of World War II. CH-14 was struck from the Navy List on 30 November 1945 and scrapped soon after.
# Nanjing–Hangzhou high-speed railway

The Nanjing–Hangzhou passenger railway (Chinese: 宁杭高铁; pinyin: Níng-Háng gāotiě) is a high-speed rail (maximum speed 350 km/h), passenger-dedicated line in eastern China between Nanjing (shorthand name Níng) and Hangzhou, the capitals of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, respectively. During the planning and early construction stage, the railway was originally referred to as the Nanjing–Hangzhou intercity railway or Ninghang intercity railway (simplified Chinese: 宁杭城际铁路; traditional Chinese: 寧杭城際鐵路; pinyin: níngháng chéngjì tiělù). Recent publications don't use the "intercity" designation anymore, perhaps in recognition of the fact that the railway will be used not only by regional trains but long-distance trains as well.
The line is 249 km (155 mi) long (including 147 km or 91 mi in Jiangsu and 102 km or 63 mi in Zhejiang) and has 11 stations: Nanjing South, Jiangning District, Lishui County, Liyang, Yixing in Jiangsu and Changxing County, Huzhou South, Deqing County, Yuhang District and Hangzhou East in Zhejiang. The line is the first direct high-speed railway line between Nanjing and Hangzhou and reduced travel time by rail from nearly two hours to 50 minutes as direct trains no longer need to travel through Shanghai. Construction began in 2008 and the line was opened on July 1, 2013.
Near Huzhou, this railway runs parallel to the Xuancheng-Hangzhou railway. Connections between the two lines can be made at Huzhou railway station.
# Warrego

Warrego may refer to:
* the Warrego River, which flows from south-west Queensland through north-west New South Wales, until it merges with the Darling River
* the Electoral district of Warrego, an electoral district for the Queensland Legislative Assembly, which encompasses several towns on the Warrego River
* HMAS Warrego, two ships of the Royal Australian Navy named after the river
# Glycol stearate

Glycol stearate (glycol monostearate or ethylene glycol monostearate) is an organic compound with the molecular formula C$_{20}$H$_{40}$O$_3$. It is the ester of stearic acid and ethylene glycol. It is used as an ingredient in many types of personal care products and cosmetics including shampoos, hair conditioners, and skin lotions.
# List of newspapers in Poland

Below is a list of newspapers published in Poland. In Poland, the distinction between the broadsheet and tabloid newspapers is mostly format, as most newspapers converted to the latter in the early 1990s.
The daily circulation of national newspapers in February 2010, published by Związek Kontroli Dystrybucji Prasy (The Board of Press Distribution Control):

## All-national daily newspapers

* Fakt — 596,726
* Gazeta Wyborcza — 437,013
* Super Express — 312,656
* Rzeczpospolita — 194,123
* Dziennik Gazeta Prawna — 148,867
* Przegląd Sportowy — 92,771
* Puls Biznesu — 21,776
* Parkiet — 15,176

## Regional newspapers

All Polish regions have their own newspapers, mostly limited to the voivodeship where they are issued. In addition, all major national newspapers issue a daily attachment related to local topics.
Regional business newspapers also started in 2004, covering Warsaw (Biznes Warszawski), Gdansk/Gdynia (Biznes Trojmiejski), Poznan (Biznes Poznanski), Wroclaw (Biznes Wroclawski), and Slask (Biznes Slaski). These biweeklies are modeled on the U.S. business journal model.

### Greater Poland

* Głos Wielkopolski
* Biznes Poznanski

### Kuyavia and Southern Pomerania

* Gazeta Pomorska — 43.65%
* Express Bydgoski — 15.7%
* Nowości: Gazeta Pomorza i Kujaw — 14.5%

### Lesser Poland

* Gazeta Krakowska — 29.2%
* Dziennik Polski — 26.8%

### Łódź Voivodeship

* Dziennik Łódzki (Łódź Daily) and Wiadomości Dnia (Today News) — 28.31%
* Express Ilustrowany (Illustrated Express) — 26.6%
* Łódź Post (Polish News in English)

### Lower Silesia

* Gazeta Wrocławska — 16.5%
* Słowo Polskie — 4.7%
* Biznes Wrocławski

### Lublin Voivodeship

* Dziennik Wschodni — 18.6%
* Kurier Lubelski — 13.8%
* Nowiny — 0.2%

### Lubusz Voivodeship

* Gazeta Lubuska — 59.5%

### Masovia

* Metropol — 15.5% (free of charge)
* Metro — 13.0% (free of charge)
* Życie Warszawy — 4.0%
* Echo Dnia — 2.3%
* Biznes Warszawski

### Opole Silesia

* Nowa Trybuna Opolska — 49.8%

### Podlaskie

* Gazeta Współczesna — 36.3%
* Kurier Poranny — 20.3%

### Pomerania

* Dziennik Bałtycki — 48.6%
* Głos Pomorza — 8.0%
* Dzień Dobry — 3.6% (free of charge)
* Gazeta Pomorska — 2.6%

### Silesia

* Dziennik Zachodni — 27.9%
* Trybuna Śląska — 11.0%

### Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

* Echo Dnia — 33.7%
* Słowo Ludu — 10.4%

### Subcarpathia

* Nowiny — 32.6%
* Super Nowości — 27.4%
* Echo Dnia — 3.2%

### Warmia and Masuria

* Gazeta Olsztyńska — 47.2%
* Gazeta Współczesna — 4.9%

### Western Pomerania

* Kurier Szczeciński — 25.5%
* Głos Szczeciński — 19.5%
* Głos Koszaliński and Słupski — 16.5% combined
* Głos Pomorza — 5.8%

## Polish newspapers in German

* Schlesisches Wochenblatt
* Polen-Rundschau

## International newspapers

* The Warsaw Voice (in English language, approximately 12,500)
* Krakow Post (in English language, approximately 50,000)
* Łódź Post (in English language, online publication)
* Poland Daily 24 (in English language, online publication)
* The Warsaw Post (in English language, online publication)
# Makanda (Manyoni ward)

Makanda is an administrative ward in the Manyoni District of the Singida Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 10,718 people in the ward, from 9,768 in 2012.
# Night sky (disambiguation)

The night sky refers to the sky as it is seen at night.
Night sky (or skies) may also refer to:
* Night Sky (TV series), a 2022 science-fiction TV series on Amazon Prime Video
* Night Skies, a 1970s sci-fi horror film conceived by Steven Spielberg
* Night Skies (2007 film), a 2007 horror film that revolves around the Phoenix Lights
* Night Sky (magazine), a 2004-2007 American magazine for entry-level stargazers published by Sky Publishing
* Night Sky Mine, a 1997 science fiction novel by Melissa Scott
* Night Sky Network, an educational effort sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
* Night Sky Replies, a 1994 mini album by the American musician Robert Rich
* Night Sky (play), a 1991 play by Susan Yankowitz
* "Nightsky", a 2023 song by Kamelot from The Awakening
* NightSky, a 2011 video game
# Matthew Vellanickal

Matthew Vellanickal (born 25 September 1934) is a New Testament scholar and a vicar general of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Archdiocese of Changanassery.

## Studies and work

Matthew Vellanickal pursued doctoral studies in the discipline of New Testament at the Pontifical Biblical Institute, Rome under the Belgian New Testament Exegete Ignatius de la Potterie and was awarded the doctoral degree in 1970 based on his dissertation The Divine Sonship of Christians in the Johannine Writings. He was a member of the Pontifical Biblical Commission from 1978 to 1984, and President of the Paurastya Vidyapitham (Pontifical Oriental Institute of Religious Studies), Kottayam from 1982 to 1994. He was also Professor of New Testament at St. Thomas Apostolic Seminary, Kottayam.

## Writings

* The Divine Sonship of Christians in the Johannine Writings
* Studies in the Gospel of John
* Biblical prayer experience
* Church: Communion of Individual Churches - Biblico-Theological Perspectives on the Communion Ecclesiology of Vatican II
* Biblical Theology of Evangelization
* Biblical Theology of the Individual Churches
* Biblico-Theological Foundations of Ecclesial Identity
* Ecclesial Communion: A Biblical Perspective
* Evangelization in the Johannine Writings
* The Christian Community as a Bearer of the Good News
* The Pauline Doctrine of Christian Sonship
* Understanding of Evangelization in the context of present-day India
# James W. Corbett

James William Corbett (25 August 1928, Manhattan – 25 April 1994, Albany, New York) was a solid-state physicist.
He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Missouri and his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1955. Beginning in 1955 he was a research associate at the General Electric Research Laboratory in Schenectady, New York. During the 1960s as an adjunct professor at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, he was a co-founder and director of Rensselaer's Joint Laboratories for Advanced Materials. His 1966 book Electron Radiation Damage in Semiconductors and Metals was highly esteemed. In 1968 he joined the faculty of the University at Albany, SUNY. For the academic year 1975–1976 he was a Guggenheim Fellow. He was an associate editor of the Elsevier journal Materials Letters.
   Dr. Corbett earned an international reputation for his contributions to semiconductor physics. He was the author or co-author of hundreds of publications, including 10 books and monographs, the most recent of which, "Hydrogen in Crystalline Semiconductors," was published by Springer Verlag in 1992.
At G.E. his research involved early pioneering studies of the effects of electron irradiation on metals and semiconductors.
   As his career progressed, Corbett expanded his research efforts to include defects resulting from neutron irradiation, ion-implant damage and various aspects of semiconductor processing. With his students and collaborators he also made innovative use of probes such as deep-level transient spectroscopy, positron annihilation and quantum mechanical cluster calculations to push forward research into the basic nature of defects. Of particular importance have been his contributions to the understanding of the variety of vacancy aggregates that can form in silicon, the properties of hydrogen and the myriad technologically important interactions that can and do occur between them.
Upon his death, he was survived by his wife, M. E. Grenander, and two sons. In 1999 a bequest of $1.5 million from M. E. Grenander funded the James W. Corbett Distinguished Professorship in Physics at the University at Albany, SUNY.