OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Honorary Citizen of South Korea

Honorary citizen (Korean: 명예국민; Hanja: 名譽國民; RR: Myeongye gungmin) is an honor bestowed by South Korea's Minister of Justice on foreigners of exceptional merit. It is a symbolic honor; the recipient does not take the Oath of Citizenship and thus does not receive any rights, privileges, or duties typically held by a citizen of South Korea.
It is not to be confused with special naturalisation (특별귀화; 特別歸化; teukbyeol gwihwa) under Article 7 of the Nationality Act, under which the recipient actually becomes a citizen of South Korea. Such special naturalisation has for example been granted by the Minister of Justice to Martine Prost for her contribution on returning les manuscrits coréens [ko] from France.
The regulations governing grants of honorary citizenship are found in Article 22 of the Nationality Administrative Processing Directions. Paragraph 1 provides the criteria: foreigners may be granted honorary citizenship if they have received an order, decoration, or medal from the South Korean government; in recognition of contributions in the fields of security, society, economy, or the arts; or for other contribution at a level similar to the two previously mentioned. Paragraph 3 provides that an honorary citizen of South Korea can enjoy special immigration privileges under ordinances from the Minister of Justice.

## List

As of June 2018, four people have been granted honorary citizenship of South Korea.
| # | Name | Nationality | Award date | Information |
| 1 | Guus Hiddink | Netherlands | 2 July 2002 | South Korea national football team head coach who first led the team to a semi-final of the FIFA World Cup. |
| 2 | Marianne Stöger [de] | Austria | 8 June 2016 | Austrian nun who worked as a nurse at the leper colony on Sorokdo, South Jeolla Province from 1962 to 2005. |
| 3 | Margaritha Pissarek [ko] | Austria | 8 June 2016 | Austrian nun who worked as a nurse at the leper colony on Sorokdo, South Jeolla Province from 1966 to 2005. |
| 4 | Patrick James McGlinchey | Ireland | 5 June 2018 | Irish Catholic missionary who settled in Jeju and contributed to agriculture there. Awarded posthumously. |
# Martyrs' Square

Martyrs' Square may refer to:
* Martyrs' Square, Beirut, Lebanon
* Martyrs' Square, Brussels, Belgium
* Martyrs' Square, Damascus, a.k.a. Marjeh Square, Syria
* Martyrs' Square, on Quwatli Street in Homs, Syria
* Martyrs' Square, Tripoli, Libya, known historically by the names Green Square, Independence Square, and Piazza Italia
* Piazza dei Martiri, a martyrs' monument square in Naples, Italy
* Place des Martyrs, Luxembourg, a garden square in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
# Phelipara confusa

Phelipara confusa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Schwarzer in 1931.
# Homersfield railway station

Homersfield was a railway station which served the village of Homersfield in Suffolk, England, although the station was located in Alburgh, across the county boundary in Norfolk. The station was part of the Waveney Valley Line.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Wortwell | Great Eastern Railway Waveney Valley Line | Earsham |
# Marton Mere Local Nature Reserve

Marton Mere is a mere (lake) and Local Nature Reserve in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. It is located near to the Blackpool districts of Marton and Mereside and the village of Staining. It is recognised as a Site of Special Scientific Interest. It supports various habitats such as open water, reed beds, grassland as well as pockets of woodland and scrub.
The mere is a glacial freshwater lake. Originally approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) long and 1 mile (1.6 km) wide, the lake was gradually drained throughout the 18th century to allow land to be reclaimed for agriculture. It was drained further when Main Dyke was cut around 1850.
The reserve is adjacent to Marton Mere Holiday Village.
# Marton Oak

The Marton Oak is a large, ancient sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in the village of Marton, Cheshire. The tree has a girth of 14.02 metres (46.0 ft) measured at 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) off the ground, making it the UK's largest and widest tree since the collapse of the Newland Oak in Gloucestershire, surpassing trees such as the Bowthorpe Oak in Lincolnshire and the three large sweet chestnut trees at Canford School, Dorset. The tree is believed to be 1,200 years old, and is thought to be in the latter stages of its lifespan, as most of the heartwood has rotted away. The tree split into sections centuries ago, but they have one and the same root system. It is not known what the tree looked like before it split.

## Health

Splitting is common in ancient sessile and pedunculate oaks, and poses no immediate health risk to the tree.

## Location and status

The tree grows on private land. Permission must be sought from the owner before the tree can be viewed. The oak has been registered as a Heritage Tree, a Tree of National Special Interest, one of the 50 Great British Trees selected in 2002, and is designated a UK champion tree for girth.
# Phil Pfister

Phil Pfister (/ˈfɪstər/ FIS-tər; born May 15, 1971) is an American former strongman competitor and winner of the 2006 World's Strongest Man competition on September 23, 2006 in Sanya, China. He was the first American to win since Bill Kazmaier in 1982. Pfister stands 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) and weighs 375 pounds (170 kg).
Prior to 2006, Pfister's previous best finishes in the World's Strongest Man were fourth place in 1998 in Tangier, and fourth place again in 2001 in Victoria Falls. He placed fourth at the 2007 and 2008 WSM contests, and seventh in 2009.
While qualifying for his 4th-place finish in Victoria Falls, during an event known as the Hercules Hold, Pfister made a verbal promise that he would be the man responsible for bringing the World's Strongest Man title back to the United States. He went on to set two qualifier records in the Hercules Hold and in the Atlas Stones, but was unable to contend in the finals against the Scandinavian competitors who took the podium finishes that year, Magnus Samuelsson from Sweden, Janne Virtanen from Finland, and Svend Karlsen from Norway, respectively. Pfister has also achieved a podium finish at the Arnold Strongman Classic when he came third in 2002. During 2009 Arnold Strongman Classic he loaded a 240 kg (529 lb) Manhood Stone (Max Atlas Stone) over a 4 ft bar.
After retirement, Pfister became a commentator for the World's Strongest Man competition on ESPN2 along with Bill Kazmaier and Todd Harris from 2010 to 2012.

## Personal life

Pfister worked as a firefighter and currently resides in Charleston, West Virginia with his son Wyatt. He appeared in the 2005 film The Protector starring Tony Jaa, as one of the Fortune Teller's henchmen. He also made an appearance on Are You Smarter Than a Fifth Grader? on April 17, 2008 and won $25,000, as well as an appearance on an episode of Airline.
# Phialia

Phialia may refer to:
* Phigalia, a city of ancient Arcadia, Greece
* Stericta, a genus of moths
# Holston Valley, Tennessee

Holston Valley is an unincorporated community in eastern Sullivan County, Tennessee, United States. Holston Valley is located along U.S. Route 421 and State Route 44 southeast of Bristol.

## Education

Schools in Holston Valley are part of the Sullivan County Board of Education.
* Emmett Elementary - grades PreK–5
* Holston Valley Middle - grades 6-8
High school students in Holston Valley attend Sullivan East High School.
# Lord of the Rings (Heritage Models)

Lord of the Rings is a set of miniatures published by Heritage Models.

## Contents

Heritage Models produced Lord of the Rings figures licensed by Tolkien Enterprises, including 25mm diorama sets, and 75mm Collector Personalities, Paint 'n' Play sets such as Mines of Moria and Helm's Deep, the Wizards and Heroes fantasy miniature gaming rules, and a separate Lord of the Rings Painting Guide.

## Reception

William A. Barton reviewed Heritage's Lord of the Rings figures in The Space Gamer No. 34. Barton commented that "the models for the figures are those representations featured in the Ralph Bakshi The Lord of the Rings animated movie. If Bakshi's images of Frodo, Gandalf, and other Middle Earthers made you cringe, you probably won't be overly enthused with Heritage's figures. If, on the other hand, you felt the LOTR movie to be an apt portrayal, you should be rather pleased with the Heritage sets." Barton concluded his review by saying, "If you wish to fight the wars of Middle Earth on your dining room or gaming room table, Heritage's LOTR miniatures, augmented perhaps with figures from your other favorite lines, will give your campaign the most authentic "Tolkienesque" feel available."
# Philip Freriks

Philip Freriks (born 27 July 1944) is a Dutch journalist, columnist and television presenter.
He is known for presenting the NOS Journaal from 1996 until 2009. He also presented the Groot Dictee der Nederlandse Taal from 1990 until 2016 and in 2018.
Freriks is also known as presenter of the television quiz show De Slimste Mens.
Also, he acted as the narrator in the 2012 edition of The Passion.
# Mary L. Gray

Mary L. Gray is an American anthropologist and author. She is a Fellow at Harvard University's Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society, as well as a Senior Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research. Along with her research, Gray teaches at Indiana University, maintaining an appointment as an Associate Professor of the Media School, with affiliations in American Studies, Anthropology, and Gender Studies. In 2020, she was awarded a MacArthur Genius Grant in recognition of her work "investigating the ways in which labor, identity, and human rights are transformed by the digital economy."

## Education

In 1992, Gray completed a B.A. in anthropology and Native American studies at University of California, Davis. Her senior project explored the role of contemporary Alaskan Native single mothers in subsistence economies. Her advisors were David Risling and William G. Davis. In 1999, Gray earned a M.A. in anthropology from San Francisco State University. Her thesis was on queer youth narratives, the topic of her first book. Gray's advisors were John Paul De Cecco and Gilbert Herdt. She completed a Ph.D. in communication at University of California, San Diego in 2004. Gray's doctoral advisors were Susan Leigh Star and Olga Vásquez. Her dissertation was titled Coming of Age in a Digital Era: Youth Queering Technologies in Small Town, USA.

## Career

Gray's early works explore the experiences of LGBTQ youth, with a particular focus on the lives of those in rural areas. Her book Out in the Country: Youth, Media, and Queer Visibility in Rural America examined how queer young people use digital tools to connect with and create community, challenging the primacy of urban areas as the focus of LGBTQ experience. Gray's most recent book, Ghost Work: How to Stop Silicon Valley from Building a New Global Underclass, takes a deep dive into the depths of the "ghosts" or, human labor force, that allow some of the internet's largest websites to run smoothly. The book takes a look at big companies, like Google and Amazon, that use these "ghost workers" to do things like censor their sites while trying to pass it off as AI.

## Awards

* Ruth Benedict Prize
* MacArthur Fellows Program 2020

## Selected works

* Gray, Mary L. (1999). In Your Face: Stories from the Lives of Queer Youth. Haworth Press. ISBN 978-1-56023-887-4.
* Gray, Mary L. (2009). Out in the Country: Youth, Media, and Queer Visibility in Rural America. NYU Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-3220-5.
* Gray, Mary L.; Johnson, Colin R.; Gilley, Brian J., eds. (2016). Queering the Countryside: New Frontiers in Rural Queer Studies. NYU Press. ISBN 978-1-4798-3077-0.
* Gray, Mary L.; Suri, Siddharth (2019). Ghost Work: How to Stop Silicon Valley from Building a New Global Underclass. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-1-328-56628-7. See also Ghost Work.
# Mary L. Marazita

Mary Louise Marazita is an American geneticist. She is a Distinguished Professor at the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine.

## Early life and education

Marazita was born in Cheboygan, Michigan to parents Philip and Eleanor Marazita. She graduated with her bachelor's degree in animal husbandry from Michigan State University and her PhD in genetics from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She wrote her thesis under the guidance of Robert C. Elston. Following her PhD, Marazita completed her post-doctoral training in craniofacial biology at the University of Southern California from 1980 to 1982.

## Career

Upon completing her formal education, Marazita accepted a faculty appointment at the University of California, Los Angeles' Departments of Biostatistics and Biomathematics. Following this, she joined the VCU School of Medicine, where she established the state of Virginia’s Birth Defects Registry and served for five years as Director of the FaceBase Consortium Hub. In 1993, Marazita joined the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine (Pitt). In 2000, Marazita received a $369,963 grant from the National Institute of Dental Research for a gene mapping study of cleft lip in the populations of Shanghai, China and West Bengal, India.
During her tenure at Pitt, Marazita established the Pittsburgh Oral-Facial Cleft Study "which seeks to find the genes underlying non-syndromic clefts by studying families that include at least two affected family members." By 2009, Marazita was working as the School of Dental Medicine's associate dean for research, director of the Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, and professor and vice-chair of the Department of Oral Biology. While serving in these roles, Marazita assisted with the establishment of FaceBase, a five-year initiative "to provide the craniofacial and dental research community with a resource to achieve a comprehensive understanding of craniofacial and dental development." Following this, she was the recipient of a 2011 chancellor’s award for distinguished teaching, research and public service.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Marazita was the recipient of the 2020 Distinguished Scientist Award in Craniofacial Biology Research from the International Association for Dental Research. A few days later, she was awarded the designation of distinguished professor from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine.

## Personal life

Marazita married her husband Dick McCoy in 1984 and they have five children together. She serves as an advisory board member of the Chrons Basketball Club.
# Las Rozas de Valdearroyo

Las Rozas de Valdearroyo is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain.

## Localities

* La Aguilera.
* Arroyo.
* Bimón.
* Bustasur.
* Llano.
* Renedo.
* Las Rozas (Capital).
* Villanueva.
# Moldevatnet

Moldevatnet (Lake Molde) is the main reservoir and water supply for the city of Molde in Molde Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 19-hectare (47-acre) lake is the source of the river Moldeelva and it is located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the city, and the north end lies about 200 metres (660 ft) southeast of the border with Fræna Municipality.
# Hans Martin (singer)

Hans Martin (born in Vaasa, Finland in 1946) is a Finnish-Swedish singer, with a long repertoire of dansband music. For the period 1986 to 2000, he was also the solo vocalist for the dansband group Tommys. As a solo artist, he has scored chart successes in Norway and Sweden.

## Solo discography
### Albums

| Year | Title | Peak position | Certification |
| Year | Title | SWE | Certification |
| 2002 | Landet där solen ej går ner | 4 | |
| 2004 | Den blomstertid nu kommer | 16 | |
| 2005 | Minnenas promenad | 19 | |
| 2007 | Mina egna favoriter (credited as Hans Martin & Tommys) | 5 | |
| 2008 | Där rosor aldrig dör | – | |
| 2009 | Höstglöd | 38 | |
| 2012 | Här är jag hemma | 2 | |
| 2013 | Vägen hem | 13 | |
# Hofwil Castle

Hofwil Castle is a castle in the municipality of Münchenbuchsee of the Canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

## History

The castle was built in 1784–86 by the architect Carl Ahasver von Sinner for Gabriel Albrecht von Erlach. A peristyle was added to the neo-classical building in 1798.

## Castle grounds

The land around the castle was laid out as an English garden with a pavilion which holds the tomb of Emanuel von Fellenberg. The park is decorated with a number of statues including a bronze youth by Max Fueter from 1949 and the Pestalozzi monument by Alfred Lanz from 1888. The workshops and barn were built in 1885.
# Incheon Lee clan

The Incheon Lee clan (Korean: 인천 이씨; Hanja: 仁川 李氏) is a Korean clan. Historically known as the Gyeongwon Yi clan or Inju Yi clan, it was one of the most powerful clans in the early Goryeo period due to their status as in-laws of the ruling House of Wang. According to the 2015 South Korean census, there were 83,855 members of this clan.

## Name and origin

An ancestor of the clan, a 23rd generation descendant of King Suro and Heo Hwang-ok, was Hŏ Ki (허기; 許奇). He was sent to Tang China as an ambassador of Silla. Emperor Xuanzong bestowed the surname "Yi" on Hŏ Ki because he helped him escape from the An Lushan Rebellion. When Yi Hŏ-ki (이허기; 李許奇) returned to Silla, King Gyeongdeok awarded him the title of "Prince of Soseong" (邵城伯).
Later, Yi Hŏ-gyŏm, a 10th generation descendant of Yi Hŏ-ki and the grandfather of Queen Wonseong, began the Incheon Lee clan.

## Dominance in early Goryeo

The Gyeongwon Lee clan was thought to have been local aristocrats or hojok from Gyeongwon County (modern-day Incheon). The clan was able to use their marriage ties to the Ansan Kim clan, who were in-laws to the royal family, to become royal in-laws themselves. Yi Cha-yŏn, the grandson of Hŏ-gyŏm, married his three daughters to King Munjong. One of those three, Queen Inye, became the mother of three kings, Sunjong, Seonjong, and Sukjong.
From 981 to 1146, the Gyeongwon Lee clan had 27 officials in the central bureaucracy, 12 of whom were first or second grade officials. This was more than any other clan in during that time period.
In 1095, Yi Cha-ŭi, attempted to replace King Heonjong with his nephew, Wang Kyun. However, Prince Gyerim (later King Sukjong) and his allies killed Yi Cha-ŭi on August 29, 1095 before it could happen.
The family reached the peak of its power during the time of Yi Cha-gyŏm. Yi Cha-gyŏm married his daughter to King Yejong, who produced a son who would be later become King Injong. King Injong was enthroned as the next king with the aid of Yi Cha-gyŏm. He married his two other daughters to King Injong, becoming both his maternal grandfather and father-in-law. Yi Cha-gyŏm used his ties to the royal House of Wang to influence the court and purge his political opponents. Yi sought to depose King Yejong and take the throne for himself after seeing a prophecy that eighteen sons, meaning someone of the Yi surname would become king. The king attempted to stop the plot, however military forces under Yi's ally, Ch'ŏk Chun-gyŏng (척준경; 拓俊京) foiled the king's scheme. The royal library and palace were burned down, the king's close supporters were executed, and King Yejong himself was himself under house arrest. King Yejong was due to be poisoned to death by Yi. However, the king convinced Yi's ally, Ch'ŏk Chun-gyŏng, to switch sides and arrested Yi and sent him into exile in 1126.
# Kisvaszar

Kisvaszar is a village in Baranya county, Hungary.
# Malassezia arunalokei

Malassezia arunalokei is a species of yeast-like fungus that was identified as a new to science in 2016. It has been isolated from the skin of both seborrheic dermatitis patients and healthy individuals from India. A combination of several phenotypic characteristics distinguish this species from others in genus Malassezia. These include: colony morphology (when grown on nutrient agar); the absence of activity from the enzyme catalase; growth at 37 °C (99 °F); and the precipitation that results when grown with the chemicals Tween 20 or Cremophor EL.
The type strain is NCCPF 127130 (housed at the National Culture Collection of Pathogenic Fungi in New Delhi), which was isolated from the scalp of an individual with seborrheic dermatitis in Chandigarh, India. The most closely related fungus is M. restricta, but the two internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences of these species differ by 6.4%, which meets the generally accepted criteria for genetic distinctiveness. The species epithet arunalokei honors Indian mycologist Arunaloke Chakrabarti, "for his numerous contributions to the development of medical mycology in India and Asia".
In later studies, methods were introduced to detect this species using the mass spectroscopy technique known as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF), as well as using polymerase chain reaction sequencing directly from clinical samples. Using the latter technique, the fungus was identified for the first time from an individual in Iran.
# Lorie

Lorie is a feminine name. It may refer to:

## People
### Given name

* Lorie (singer) (full name Laure Pester) (born 1982), French singer
* Lorie Conway, American independent producer and filmmaker
* Lorie Griffin, American film and television actress
* Lorie Kane (born 1964), Canadian professional golfer
* Lorie Line (born 1958), American New Age pianist, composer, and performer
* Lorie O'Clare, American author of erotic romance, romantic suspense and paranormal romance novels
* Lorie Skjerven Gildea (born 1961), American attorney and Chief Justice
* Lorie Tarshis (1911–1993), Canadian economist

### Middle name

* Jill Lorie Hurst, American television soap opera writer and producer

## Film and television

* Lorie (film), a 1984 Indian film directed by Vijay Talwar, starring Shabana Azmi and Farooq Shaikh
* Lorie Brooks, a fictional character in The Young and the Restless

## Other uses

* Lories and lorikeets, arboreal parrots indigenous to Australasia