OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cycling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's cross-country

The women's cross-country cycling event at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at Hadleigh Farm on 11 August.
Julie Bresset from France won the gold medal — the country's first in cycling at the 2012 Games. Germany's Sabine Spitz won silver and Georgia Gould of the United States took bronze.

## Competition format

The competition began at 12:30 pm with a mass-start, and involved six laps around the 4.8 km course at Hadleigh Farm in Essex. The distance of the race was 29.3 km.

## Schedule

All times are British Summer Time
| Date | Time | Round |
| Saturday 11 August 2012 | 12:30 | Final |

## Result

The entry list was published on 26 July.
| Rank | Rider | Country | Time |
| | Julie Bresset | France | 1:30:52 |
| | Sabine Spitz | Germany | 1:31:54 |
| | Georgia Gould | United States | 1:32:00 |
| 4 | Irina Kalentieva | Russia | 1:32:33 |
| 5 | Esther Süss | Switzerland | 1:32:46 |
| 6 | Alexandra Engen | Sweden | 1:33:08 |
| 7 | Aleksandra Dawidowicz | Poland | 1:33:20 |
| 8 | Annie Last | Great Britain | 1:33:47 |
| 9 | Catharine Pendrel | Canada | 1:34:28 |
| 10 | Tanja Žakelj | Slovenia | 1:34:41 |
| 11 | Lea Davison | United States | 1:35:14 |
| 12 | Shi Qinglan | China | 1:35:28 |
| 13 | Yana Belomoyna | Ukraine | 1:35:46 |
| 14 | Kateřina Nash | Czech Republic | 1:36:22 |
| 15 | Elisabeth Osl | Austria | 1:36:47 |
| 16 | Adelheid Morath | Germany | 1:37:17 |
| 17 | Eva Lechner | Italy | 1:37:36 |
| 18 | Karen Hanlen | New Zealand | 1:37:54 |
| 19 | Katrin Leumann | Switzerland | 1:38:23 |
| 20 | Rie Katayama | Japan | 1:38:26 |
| 21 | Janka Števková | Slovakia | 1:39:05 |
| 22 | Paula Gorycka | Poland | 1:39:18 |
| DSQ | Blaža Klemenčič | Slovenia | 1:39:42 |
| 23 | Emily Batty | Canada | 1:40:37 |
| 24 | Rebecca Henderson | Australia | 1:41:35 |
| 25 | Pauline Ferrand-Prévot | France | 1:42:21 |
| 26 | Barbara Benkó | Hungary | 1:43:24 |
| 27 | Candice Neethling | South Africa | 1:45:03 |
| – | Gunn-Rita Dahle Flesjå | Norway | DNF |
| – | Laura Abril | Colombia | DNF |
| – | Annika Langvad | Denmark | DNS |
# Cutzamala River

The Cutzamala River is a river of Mexico. It originates in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt of Central Mexico in the state of Michoacán. Dams on the upper portion of river provide water to Mexico City, via an aqueduct over the mountains known as the Cutzamala System.
The lower Cutzamala forms part of the border between Michoacán and Guerrero states. It empties into the Balsas River near Ciudad Altamirano, Guerrero.
# Curryville, New Brunswick

Curryville is a Canadian community near the eastern edge of Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada. Situated along the Albert Mines Road and its intersections with Chemical Road and Grub Road, the village is bordered by Demoiselle Creek in the north and Cape Station in the south. Population is approximately 110 of 798 residents in Hopewell Parish. Prominent buildings include the former Curryville United Church and a former community hall, now a ceramic arts studio. Other features include various abandoned pits and quarries (gravel and sandstone) and remnants of the now dismantled Albert Railway (1877 to 1955).
# Curry–Jones syndrome

Curry–Jones syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital brain, osseous, cutaneous, ocular, and intestinal anomalies.

## Signs and symptoms

Individuals with this condition usually have the following symptoms:
* One-sided coronal craniosynostosis
* Multiple suture synostosis
* Agenesis of the corpus callosum that can either be complete or partial
* Polysyndactyly, preaxial type
* Hand/foot syndactyly
* Pearl-white areas in the skin that are prone to scarring and suffer from atrophy
* Eye, cheek, and limb hair growth abnormalities
* Iris coloboma
* Microphthalmia
* Congenital short gut
* Intestinal malrotation
* Dysmotility
* Chronic constipation
* Intestinal bleeding
* Myofibroma
Some individuals may also display the following features:
* Developmental delays
* Variable intellectual disability
* Intra-abdominal smooth muscle hamartomas
* Skin trichoblastoma
* Occipital meningoceles
* Desmoplastic medulloblastoma

## Causes

This condition is caused by mosaic missense mutations in the SMO gene on chromosome 7. The causative mutation is typically present in less than 50% of an individual's body tissues. It is suggested that the mutation occurs post-zygotically during early embryonic development.

## Management

Management of Curry–Jones syndrome depends on an individual's symptom profile.

## Epidemiology

Curry–Jones syndrome has been described in 13 people worldwide.

## Discovery

The first case of Curry–Jones syndrome was reported by Cynthia J.R. Curry et al. at the 1987 David W. Smith Workshop on Malformations and Morphogenesis. A similar patient was reported by M.C. Jones. By 1988, it was recognized by the name of Curry–Jones syndrome.
# D'Rhys Miller

D'Rhys Miller is a Fiji international rugby league footballer who plays as a second-row forward for the Western Suburbs Magpies in the Canterbury Cup NSW.

## Career

Miller made his international debut for Fiji in their 56–14 victory vs Lebanon in the 2019 Pacific Test.
On 28 November 2019, Miller signed a contract to join Canterbury Cup NSW side North Sydney after departing Wentworthville.
# Le Frisur

Le Frisur ("Le hairdo", using the female German noun with the male French article) is a concept album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It was released on 24 May 1996, and is entirely about hair. Originally intended as an EP, Le Frisur developed into a full-length album within the 14 days of its recording process.

## Personnel

* Farin Urlaub – guitar, vocals
* Bela Felsenheimer – drums, vocals
* Rodrigo González – bass guitar, vocals
# Cwmaman Crossing Halt railway station

Cwmaman Crossing Halt railway station served the village of Cwmaman, in the historical county of Glamorganshire, Wales, from 1906 to 1932 on the Vale of Neath Railway.

## History

The station was opened on 1 January 1906 by the Great Western Railway. It was a short-lived station, closing to passengers on 22 September 1924 and closing to the workers of the nearby colliery in 1932.
# Cyclopentaphosphine

Cyclopentaphosphine is the inorganic compound with the formula (PH)$_5$. It is prepared by the hydrolysis of cyclo-[PSiMe$_3$]$_4$ (Me = methyl). Although only of theoretical interest, (PH)$_5$ is parent of many related cyclic polyphosphines that are the subject of research.

## Organic cyclophosphines

Organic cyclophosphanes are a family of organophosphorus compounds with the formula (RP)$_n$ where R is an organic substituent. Many examples are known. They are white, air-sensitive solids which have good solubility in organic solvents. Well-characterized examples are known for ring sizes 3–6. The three-membered rings feature bulky substituents, e.g., [tert-BuP]$_3$.
The cyclophosphines can be prepared by several methods, one involves reductive coupling of dichlorophosphines:
    5 PhPCl$_2$ + 5 Mg → [PhP]$_5$ + 5 MgCl$_2$

## Isomerism

The structures are complicated by the slow pyramidal inversion at phosphorus(III). In principle, many isomers are possible for cyclo-P$_5$R$_5$, but usually only one is observed. All phenyl substituents are equatorial in cyclo-P$_6$(C$_6$H$_5$)$_6$.
# D. Elmo Hardy

Dilbert Elmo Hardy (September 3, 1914 – October 17, 2002) was an American entomologist who specialized in Diptera systematics.

## Biography

Hardy was born on September 3, 1914, in Lehi, Utah. He died on October 17, 2002, in Honolulu, Hawaii. He was married to Agnes Thomas Hardy who played a pivotal role in supporting his education, his career as well as illustrating his scientific articles.

## Legacy

In over 70 years of research Hardy published 437 articles and notes in which he named and described nearly 2,000 species in 34 different families of Diptera. He made significant contributions to taxonomy and systematics of flies from the Asia-Pacific Region in particular.

## Works

* Pipunculidae and Bibionidae
* Australian/Oceanian Diptera Catalogue Bibionidae
* "Family Scenopinidae (Omphralidae)." In N. Papavero, (ed.) A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, pp. 32.1-32.5, Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura. São Paulo, Brazil, 1966.
* "Family Scenopinidae (Omphralidae)" in A. Stone, C.W. Sabrowsky, W.W. Wirth, R.M. Foote & J.R. Caulson (eds), A Catalogue of Diptera of North America, pp. 354–356, Smithsonian Publication, Washington D.C., 1983.
* (with others) Guide of the insects of Connecticut Part VI. The Diptera or true flies of Connecticut Sixth Fascicle: March flies and gall midges. Bibionidae, Itonididae (Cecidomiidae). Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull. 87, 218 pp., 15 pl., 29 figs.
* "The Bibionidae (Diptera) of Nepal, results of the Austrian and the B.P. Bishop Museum Expeditions, 1961 and 1965." Pacific Insects 9(3): 519–536, 1967.
* with Delfinado, M.D. "The Bibionidae (Diptera) of the Philippines." Pacific Insects 11(1): 117–154, 1969.

## Collections

* Hardy's Diptera collection is in the Bishop Museum in Hawaii.
# D. E. R. Watt

Donald Elmslie Robertson Watt FRSE (15 August 1926 – 18 April 2004) was a Scottish historian and Professor Emeritus at St Andrews University.
Donald Watt was the son of Theodore Watt, managing director of the Aberdeen University Press. Watt studied at Aberdeen Grammar School, before reading history at University of Aberdeen. He graduated in 1950, and moved to Oriel College, Oxford, receiving his D. Phil in 1957.
Watt taught history at St Andrews University for his entire career, except for one year's study at Columbia University. He worked for many years on editing and translating a nine volume edition, the first since 1759, of Abbot Walter Bower's Scotichronicon, a key resource for Scotland in the late Middle Ages. Professor Watt also published on the Scottish church where he was the acknowledged expert on sources, holding the chair in Scottish Church History at St Andrews.
He worked for the publication of the Atlas of Scottish History, issued by the University of Edinburgh in 1975 and again, with revisions, in 1995. He served as co-editor of the Scottish Historical Review for eight years, and as president of the Scottish History Society for four.
In 2000 he was made an honorary Doctor of Letters by the University of Glasgow.

## Select bibliography
### Books

* Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Graduates to A.D. 1410, 1977, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 0-19-822447-8
* (series editor; editor, with John MacQueen, Winifred MacQueen, and others) Walter Bower's Scotichronicon (9 vols, 1987–1997)
* (editor) A history book for Scots : selections from the Scotichronicon (1998)
* Crawford, Barbara E. (editor), Church, chronicle and learning in medieval and early Renaissance Scotland: essays presented to Donald Watt on the occasion of the completion of the publication of Bower's Scotichronicon. (1999)
* Medieval Church Councils in Scotland, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, (2000) ISBN 0-567-08731-X
* (with N. Shead) Heads of religious houses in Scotland from the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries (2001)

### Articles

* (with Athol L. Murray) Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae medii aevi : ad annum 1638, New Series, Volume 25 (Revised ed.), Edinburgh: The Scottish Record Society, ISBN 0-902054-19-8, ISSN 0143-9448
# Lease Wife

Lease Wife (Chinese: 租期; pinyin: Zū Qī) is a 2006 drama film directed by Lu Xuechang, and is the story of a man who pays a prostitute to pretend to be his wife when he goes back to his village to visit his family. It is also known as The Contract.
Lease Wife is Lu's fourth feature film and stars Li Jiaxuan as the prostitute, Lily, and Pan Yueming as the businessman, Guo Jiaju, who hires her.
# Le Sérac

Le Sérac is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located near the Sanetsch Pass in the canton of Valais. It belongs to the Wildhorn massif.
# Custos Rotulorum of County Waterford

The Custos Rotulorum of County Waterford was the highest civil officer in County Waterford, Ireland. The position was later combined with that of Lord Lieutenant of Waterford.

## Incumbents

* 1642–c.1643 Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork (died 1643)
* 1660–c.1698 Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington (also Custos Rotulorum of County Cork) (died 1698)
* 1769–1800 George Beresford, 1st Marquess of Waterford
* c.1800–c.1826 Henry Beresford, 2nd Marquess of Waterford
* 1826–1839 George Thomas Beresford
For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Waterford
# Cynthia Felice

Cynthia Felice (born October 12, 1942 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American science fiction writer. She is best known for her complex, carefully plotted stories and expansive universes.
Her first novel, Godsfire, and her first short story, "David and Lindy", were published in 1978. She and Connie Willis have co-written three novels. that are often considered young adult fiction, according to Willis.
Cynthia Felice is also a writing workshop enthusiast, and is considered an expert in many aspects of science fiction world-building. She has been included in several panels discussing future status symbols, dystopian fashion and next generation weapons.

## Published books

* Godsfire (1978) Pocket Books ISBN 0-671-81472-9
* The Sunbound (1981) Dell Books ISBN 0-440-18373-1
* Eclipses (1983) Pocket Books ISBN 0-671-83224-7
* Downtime (1985) Bluejay Books/St. Martins Press ISBN 0-312-94115-3
* Double Nocturne (1986) Bluejay Books/St. Martins Press ISBN 0-312-94114-5
* The Khan's Persuasion (1991) Ace Books ISBN 0-441-42527-5
* Iceman (1991) Ace Books ISBN 0-441-18373-5

### By Felice and Connie Willis

* Water Witch (1982) Ace Books ISBN 0-441-87379-0
* Light Raid (1989) Ace Books ISBN 0-441-48311-9
* Promised Land (1997) Ace Books ISBN 0-441-00405-9
# Cystogastrostomy

Cystogastrostomy is a surgery to create an opening between a pancreatic pseudocyst and the stomach when the cyst is in a suitable position to be drained into the stomach. This conserves pancreatic juices that would otherwise be lost. This surgery is performed by a pancreatic surgeon to avoid a life-threatening rupture of the pancreatic pseudocyst.

## Indications

Symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts are an indication a cystogastrostomy needs to be performed. Pancreatic pseudocysts are chronic collections of pancreatic fluid encased by a wall of nonepithelialized granulation tissue and fibrosis. They can be caused by leakage of the pancreatic duct, or as a result of inflammatory pancreatitis. Symptoms of this include abdominal bloating, difficulty eating and digesting food, and constant pain or deep ache in the abdomen. A lump can be felt in the middle or left upper abdomen if a pseudocyst is present. To further diagnose a pancreatic pseudocyst an abdominal CT scan, MRI or ultrasound can be used. Emergency surgery may need to be performed if there is a rupture of the pseudocyst. This can be detected from symptoms of bleeding, shock, fainting, fever and chills, rapid heartbeat, or severe abdominal pain.

## Technique
### Surgical cystogastrostomy

Surgical repair is carried out through an incision in the abdomen. After locating the pseudocyst, it is attached to the wall of the stomach and the cystogastrostomy is created. Although it has a high success rate, it is infrequently used because of the recovery period.

### Endoscopic cystogastrostomy

A relatively new and less-invasive method involving endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance and fluoroscopy. A large bore needle is used to access the identified pseudocyst, creating a fistula between the cystic cavity and either the stomach or the duodenum. Plastic stents may be placed to facilitate drainage from the pseudocyst. The success rate of endoscopic treatment of pseudocysts may be greater than 70%.

### Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy

This method is the second of two less invasive surgeries used to drain pseudocysts and can be performed by a single surgeon because of the advanced tools. The pseudocyst is identified and accessed using laparoscopic techniques. Once the pseudocyst cavity is located, it is entered and aspirated, and an opening is created into the stomach for drainage. Laparoscopic drainage may result in better cosmetic appearance and decreased pain following surgery.

## Complications

Cystogastrostomy can lead to pancreatic abscess and pancreatic duct leak. Stents can become blocked, leading to infection of the pseudocyst. Other complications include those normally associated with surgery and anesthesia, including bleeding.

## History

Jedlicka first described the procedure.
# Cystography

In radiology and urology, a cystography (also known as cystogram) is a procedure used to visualise the urinary bladder.
Using a urinary catheter, radiocontrast is instilled in the bladder, and X-ray imaging is performed. Cystography can be used to evaluate bladder cancer, vesicoureteral reflux, bladder polyps, and hydronephrosis. It requires less radiation than pelvic CT, although it is less sensitive and specific than MRI or CT. In adult cases, the patient is typically instructed to void three times, after which a post voiding image is obtained to see how much urine is left within the bladder (residual urine), which is useful to evaluate bladder contraction dysfunction. A final radiograph of the kidneys after the procedure is finished is performed to evaluate for occult vesicoureteral reflux that was not seen during the procedure itself.

## CT cystography

CT cystography is performed by filling up the urinary bladder using diluted iodinated contrast to visualise any bladder injury if the subject has haematuria (blood in urine) post trauma. Since CT cystography can be done together with CT abdomen and pelvis, it has supplanted conventional cystography in such cases.
# Cystogomphus

Cystogomphus is a fungal genus in the family Gomphidiaceae. Circumscribed by American mycologist Rolf Singer in 1942, the genus is monotypic, containing the single species Cystogomphus humblotii, originally described from France.
# Leaving Certificate Applied

The Leaving Certificate Applied (Irish: Ardteistiméireacht Fheidhmeach) is a self-contained two-year programme of the Irish Department of Education. It was first introduced in 1995 as an alternative or variant of the established Leaving Certificate programme.
According to the Department of Education, the programme is "intended to meet the needs of those pupils who either choose not to opt for other Leaving Certificate Programmes". The programme is aimed at young people who have completed the Junior Certificate and students who have taken a FÁS course.
According to a 2014 Irish Examiner report, approximately 3,000 students completed the Leaving Certificate Applied programme, compared to approximately 57,000 who completed the established Leaving Certificate exam programme.
# Cymindis adusta

Cymindis adusta is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by L. Redtenbacher in 1843.
# Cuspidata viettei

Cuspidata viettei is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Madagascar.
# Cuspidata oligosperma

Cuspidata oligosperma is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Madagascar.
# Le Theil, Manche

Le Theil is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Gonneville-le-Theil.
# Cymindis sabulosa

Cymindis sabulosa is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae. It was described by Victor Motschulsky in 1850.
# Lee Chik-yuet

Lee Chik-yuet (Chinese: 李植悅; born 20 May 1954) is a Hong Kong social worker, lawyer, politician and businessman. He is the former member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong and member of the Sham Shui Po District Board.
Lee was born on 20 May 1954 in Shantou, Guangzhou and moved to Hong Kong in 1961 during the Great Famine of China. He graduated from the Shau Kei Wan Government Secondary School and attended the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1975. He was involved in student activism at the time, including the editorial works at the student newspaper. He was under influence of Tsang Shu-ki, the prominent theorist of the "social action faction" at the time who introduced him New Left, existentialist and Frankfurt School theories.
After graduating in 1979 with a bachelor's degree in Social Science, Lee became social worker at the Hong Kong Christian Social Service, serving at Lei Cheng Uk Estate in Sham Shui Po. He first contested in the first reformed Urban Council election in 1983 alongside Frederick Fung. In 1983, he became a member of Meeting Point, the first political group to publicly support Chinese sovereignty of Hong Kong after 1997. He was re-elected to Urban Council in 1986 and did not seek re-election in 1989. He was also vice-chairman of Meeting Point under the chairmanship of Anthony Cheung. He supported Chris Patten's constitutional reform proposal which split in the party in half. In 1994, he became member of the first executive committee of the Democratic Party when the new party was founded as a merger of the United Democrats of Hong Kong and Meeting Point.
In 1990 and 1994, Lee graduated with a bachelor's degree and master's degree in laws from the University of Hong Kong respectively. He provided legal consultations to various Chinese and Hong Kong companies. He is currently an executive director of the New Ray Medicine International Holding Limited and the Town Health International Medical Group Limited.
# Cypripedium elegans

Cypripedium elegans is a lady's-slipper orchid found in Nepal, Bhutan, the Indian Himalayas, Tibet, and Yunnan. It grows in thickets, forest margins and humus rich soil in forests.
# Cyperus neoguinensis

Cyperus neoguinensis is a species of sedge that is endemic to New Guinea.
The species was first formally described by the botanist Georg Kükenthal in 1924.
# Cycling at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's individual pursuit (LC 1–2/CP 4)

The Women's individual pursuit (LC 1-2/CP 4) event at the Summer Paralympics took place on September 10 at the Laoshan Velodrome.

## Preliminaries

Q = Qualifier WR = World Record
| Rank | Name | Class | Time | Factor (%) | Final Time with % factor |
| 1 | Jennifer Schuble (USA) | CP4 | 4:01.243 WR | 89.335 | 3:35.514 Q |
| 2 | Sarah Storey (GBR) | LC1 | 3:40.492 WR | 100.000 | 3:40.492 Q |
| 3 | Dong Jingping (CHN) | LC2 | 4:13.412 | 90.418 | 3:49.130 Q |
| 4 | Ye Yaping (CHN) | LC2 | 4:16.043 | 90.418 | 3:51.508 Q |
| 5 | Greta Neimanas (USA) | LC1 | 3:57.966 | 100.000 | 3:57.966 |
| 6 | Zhou Jufang (CHN) | LC1 | 4:00.504 | 100.000 | 4:00.504 |
| 7 | Silvana Vinci (ITA) | CP4 | 4:31.057 | 89.335 | 4:02.148 |
| 8 | Fiona Southorn (NZL) | LC1 | 4:06.965 | 100.000 | 4:06.965 |
| 9 | Roxy Burns (RSA) | CP4 | 4:36.900 | 89.335 | 4:07.368 |
| 10 | Anita Ruetz (AUT) | CP4 | 4:56.779 | 89.335 | 4:25.127 |

## Finals
### Gold medal match

| Name | Class | Time | Factor (%) | Final Time with % factor | Rank |
| Sarah Storey (GBR) | LC1 | 3:36.637 WR | 100.000 | 3:36.637 | |
| Jennifer Schuble (USA) | LC1 | 4:02.758 | 89.335 | 3:36.867 | |

### Bronze medal match

| Name | Class | Time | Factor (%) | Final Time with % factor | Rank |
| Dong Jingping (CHN) | LC2 | 4:14.103 | 90.418 | 3:49.754 | |
| Ye Yaping (CHN) | LC2 | 4:19.711 | 90.418 | 3:54.825 | 4 |