OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-2522

German submarine U-2522 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 28 August 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, as yard number 2522. She was launched on 22 October 1944, and commissioned under the command of Kapitänleutnant Horst-Thilo Queck on 22 November 1944.

## Design

Like all Type XXI U-boats, U-2522 had a displacement of 1,621 tonnes (1,595 long tons) when at the surface and 1,819 tonnes (1,790 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 76.70 m (251 ft 8 in) (o/a), a beam of 8 m (26 ft 3 in), and a draught of 6.32 m (20 ft 9 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN SE supercharged six-cylinder M6V40/46KBB diesel engines each providing 4,000 metric horsepower (2,900 kilowatts; 3,900 shaft horsepower), two Siemens-Schuckert GU365/30 double-acting electric motors each providing 5,000 PS (3,700 kW; 4,900 shp), and two Siemens-Schuckert silent running GV232/28 electric motors each providing 226 PS (166 kW; 223 shp).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 15.6 knots (28.9 km/h; 18.0 mph) and a submerged speed of 17.2 knots (31.9 km/h; 19.8 mph). When running on silent motors the boat could operate at a speed of 6.1 knots (11.3 km/h; 7.0 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) for 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 15,500 nautical miles (28,700 km; 17,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-2522 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in the bow and four 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. She could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. The complement was five officers and fifty-two men.

## Fate

U-2522 was scuttled on 5 May 1945, in Gelting Bay near Gelting as part of Operation Regenbogen. The wreck was later raised and broken up.
# Bernard Brocas (soldier and MP)

Sir Bernard Brocas, also Barnard Brocas Senior (1330–1395) was a prominent commander in the English army during King Edward III's French campaigns of the Hundred Years War. He was also a close friend of the Black Prince and William of Wykeham.
Brocas was the son of Sir John Brocas of Clewer in Berkshire, a Master of the King's Horse. He grew up with the Black Prince at Windsor Castle, at a time of rebuilding by the Royal architect William of Wykeham. After a scandalous first marriage, to Agnes, daughter of Mauger Vavasour of Yorkshire, which ended in divorce, the Prince intended Brocas to marry his cousin, Joan, the Fair Maid of Kent but when Joan said she loved Edward, he decided to marry her himself. As compensation, he found Brocas another great heiress, Mary des Roches, a kinswoman of Peter des Roches, Bishop of Winchester.
Brocas fought with Edward at the Battles of Poitiers, Crécy and Nájera. After the Peace of Bretigny, he helped to settle Aquitaine and was appointed Constable there. It has been claimed that he captured and chopped off the head of a King of Morocco, but the story seems to be apocryphal.
In England, Brocas acted as Queen's Chamberlain to Anne of Bohemia. He had residences at Clewer Brocas Manor in Berkshire, and at Beaurepaire in Sherborne St John and Roche Court near Fareham, both in Hampshire. He was a great patron of Southwick Priory. He served as High Sheriff of Wiltshire for 1382 and married Katharine, widow of Hugh Tyrell. Brocas was MP for Wiltshire in 1391 and then MP eight times for Hampshire.
He married three times and had at least five children, amongst them, Sir Bernard Brocas the Younger, who was executed for treason in 1400.
Brocas died on 20 September 1395 and was buried in St Edmund's Chapel in Westminster Abbey, where his fine effigial monument can still be seen today.
The name Brocas lives on in the name Viscount Brocas, one of the subsidiary titles of the Earl Jellicoe.
# Zeacolpus

Zeacolpus is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Turritellidae, known as the turritellas or tower shells.

## Species

Species within the genus Zeacolpus include:
* Zeacolpus capricornius Garrard, 1972
* Zeacolpus fulminatus Hutton, 1873
* Zeacolpus vittatus (Hutton, 1873)

### Species brought into synonymy

* Zeacolpus ahiparanus (Powell, 1927) : synonym of Stiracolpus ahiparanus (Powell, A.W.B., 1927)
* Zeacolpus ascensus Marwick, 1957 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus blacki Marwick, 1957 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus delli Marwick, 1957 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus knoxi knoxi Marwick, 1957 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus knoxi tardior Marwick, 1957 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus maorius (Powell, 1940) : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus mixtus Finlay, 1930 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus pagodus (Reeve, 1849) : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus pagoda pagoda (Reeve, 1849) : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus pagoda powelli Marwick, 1957 : synonym of Stiracolpus pagoda (Reeve, 1849)
* Zeacolpus symmetricus (Hutton, 1873) : synonym of Stiracolpus symmetricus (Hutton, 1873)
# Solapur South

Solapur South Taluka is one of the 11 tehsils of Solapur District in the Indian state of Maharashtra. This tehsil is located in the southeastern side of district and is bordered by Osmanabad District to the northeast, North Solapur and Mohol Taluka to the north, Akkalkot Taluka to the southeast, Karnataka's Kalaburagi district to the south, and Mangalvedhe Taluka to the west. The tehsil headquarters is located at Solapur, which is also the district headquarters and its largest city. Mandrup, Kumbhari, Valasang, Musti and Boramani are the biggest villages in south Solapur.

## Demographics

Religions in Solapur South taluka (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 85.24% | 85.24% |
| Islam | Islam | 13.81% | 13.81% |
| Buddhism | Buddhism | 0.55% | 0.55% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.40% | 0.40% |
At the time of the 2011 census, the taluka had a population of 260,897, entirely rural. Solapur South had a sex ratio of 944 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 73.42% for the population 7 years and above. 13.35% of the population is under 6 years of age. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 13.47% and 4.52% of the population respectively.
Languages of Solapur South taluka (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 37.61% of the population in the taluka spoke Marathi, 35.69% Kannada, 9.26% Hindi, 5.46% Lambadi, 5.12% Telugu and 4.88% Urdu as their first language.
# Two Mile Beach

Two Mile Beach is a barrier island on the Jersey Shore in Cape May County, since 1922 connected to Five Mile Beach.

## Geography

Two Mile Beach is a barrier island along the Atlantic Ocean between the former Turtle Gut Inlet on the northeast, and Cape May or Cold Spring Inlet on the southwest. Sunset Lake and Jarvis Sound, as well as an expanse of salt marsh and tidal channels, separates Two Mile Beach from the mainland. The closing of Turtle Gut Inlet in 1922 has made Two Mile Beach continuous with Five Mile Beach.
Two Mile Beach was described in 1834 as,
   Two Mile Beach, on the Atlantic ocean, Lower t-ship, Cape May co., between Turtle Gut and Cold Spring Inlet.
An 1878 description of Two Mile Beach is as follows, viz,
   Two Mile Beach was well covered with timber forty years ago; but the lumberman's axe and the encroaching sea have converted into a nearly bare and sandy waste. It is about two miles long.

## Communities

The only community on the island is Diamond Beach, a part of Lower Township, which is partially on Two Mile Beach and partially on land reclaimed as a result of the closure of Turtle Gut Inlet; The greater part is occupied by the Two Mile Beach Unit of the Cape May National Wildlife Refuge and a former United States Coast Guard LORAN site.
# Hans Oerlemans

Johannes "Hans" Oerlemans (born October 8, 1950 in Eethen) is a Dutch climatologist specialized in glaciology and sea level. He has been a professor of meteorology in the Faculty of Physics and Astronomy at Utrecht University since 1989.
He was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1994. In 2001 he won the Spinoza Prize. In 2010 he was made a Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion. In 2022 he was awarded the Balzan Prize for Glaciation and Ice Sheet Dynamics together with Dorthe Dahl-Jensen.
# Gyeongbu

The name Gyeongbu refers to the Seoul–Busan corridor in South Korea. It is used as the name of the Gyeongbu railway line and Gyeongbu Expressway, both of which connect Seoul—the South Korean capital and largest city—to Busan—the largest port and second-largest city. The name "Gyeongbu" is formed from the first characters in the names "Gyeongseong" 경성 (京城) and "Busan" 부산 (釜山).
# Mishaum Point

Mishaum Point is the southernmost point of Bristol County in southeastern Massachusetts.Mishaum Point is a private gated. It extends into Buzzards Bay.
# Endocrine Connections

Endocrine Connections is a society-owned, monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal. It covers endocrinology with a focus on basic, clinical, and translational research and reviews in all areas of endocrinology, including papers that deal with non-classical tissues as source or targets of hormones and papers that have relevance to endocrine-related and intersecting disciplines and the wider biomedical community. It is jointly owned by the European Society of Endocrinology and the Society for Endocrinology. The editor-in-chief is Adrian Clark (St George's University of London), who succeeded Josef Köhrle in 2021. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 2.9. The journal has been published by Bioscientifica since 2012.

## History

The journal was established in June 2012 as a joint venture between the European Society of Endocrinology and the Society for Endocrinology, to be published by Bioscientifica and to service the endocrine community as one of the first fully open-access endocrine journals.
The founding editor-in-chief was Jens Sandahl Christiansen (Aarhus University).
The current editor-in-chief is Adrian Clark.

## Online access

All peer-reviewed editorial and review content is free to access from publication. As the journal is fully open-access, all published articles are released under the 'gold' open access option, whereby authors pay an article processing charge upon acceptance to have their article made freely available online immediately upon publication. These articles are automatically deposited into PubMed Central.
The journal's licence policy includes CC BY, CC BY-NC, and CC BY-NC-ND.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Directory of Open Access Journals
* Science Citation Index Expanded
# Sisurcana bifurcana

Sisurcana bifurcana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Napo Province, Ecuador.
# Donald W. Loveland

Donald W. Loveland (born December 26, 1934, in Rochester, New York) is a professor emeritus of computer science at Duke University who specializes in artificial intelligence. He is well known for the Davis–Putnam–Logemann–Loveland algorithm.
Loveland graduated from Oberlin College in 1956, received a master's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1958 and a Ph.D. from New York University in 1964. He joined the Duke University Computer Science Department in 1973. He previously served as a faculty member in the Department of Mathematics at New York University and Carnegie Mellon University.
He received the Herbrand Award for Distinguished Contributions to Automated Reasoning in 2001. He is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (2000), a Fellow of the Association of Artificial Intelligence (1993), and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2019).
# Bernard Briskin

Bernard Briskin (May 21, 1924 – February 29, 2020) was an American businessman, investor and philanthropist. He was the co-founder of Gelson's Markets, a supermarket chain in Southern California, and was its chairman until 2014.

## Early life

Bernard Briskin was born May 21, 1924. His father, Samuel J. Briskin, was a film producer and philanthropist.
Briskin was educated at the Black-Foxe Military Institute and Fairfax High School in Los Angeles, California, until he went to prep school in New England at Worcester Academy, and returned to the West coast, where he graduated from Beverly Hills High School in 1943. During World War II, he served at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton for 33 months. He graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles, where he received a bachelor of science in business administration in 1949.

## Career

Briskin started his career as Norton Simon's assistant.
Briskin co-founded Gelson's Markets, a supermarket chain in Southern California, in 1951. He served as the chief executive officer and president of the Arden Group (a holding company for Gelson's Markets which includes two subsidiaries, Arden-Mayfair and Mayfair Reality) from 1978 to 2014, and as its chairman from 1994 to 2014.
Briskin serves as the chairman, president and chief executive officer of AMG Holdings, an investment holding company founded in 2011 and based in the Cayman Islands.

## Philanthropy

Through the Judy and Bernard Briskin Family Foundation, Briskin has made charitable contributions to the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. He has also supported the Temple Israel of Hollywood, the Jewish Federation of Greater Los Angeles, the Los Angeles Jewish Home for the Aging, and the Venice Family Clinic. In 2015, he endowed the Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research at the City of Hope National Medical Center in Duarte, California.

## Personal life

Briskin was married to Judy for 48 years, and they had eight children. He died at home on February 29, 2020.
# Zea nicaraguensis

Zea nicaraguensis is an annual, true grass species in the genus Zea. It is considered to be phenotypically the most distinctive, as well as the most threatened teosinte. This teosinte thrives in flooded conditions along 200 m of a coastal estuarine river in northwest Nicaragua at the Reserva Natural de Apacunca. Virtually all populations of teosinte are either threatened or endangered with Z. nicaraguensis being the most endangered, it survives as about 6000 plants in an area of 200 x 150 m. The Mexican and Nicaraguan governments have taken action in recent years to protect wild teosinte populations, using both in situ and ex situ conservation methods. Currently, a large amount of scientific interest exists in conferring beneficial teosinte traits, such as insect resistance, perennialism, and flood tolerance, to cultivated maize lines, although this is very difficult due to linked deleterious teosinte traits.
# Glyphostoma candida

Glyphostoma candida is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Clathurellidae.

## Description

The size of an adult shell varies between 10 mm and 14 mm. The ribs are rather broad and rounded. The revolving striae are only white at the base.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean along Panama.
# Two Mile Hill, Bristol

Two Mile Hill is a small district and parish on the eastern edge of the City of Bristol, just to the west of Kingswood which itself is in South Gloucestershire. Two Mile Hill Primary School is located in the area.

## Area

It is not known how the name for the area came about however it is speculated that it was done when the area was split off from the nearby St George's parish and based on Two Mile Hill Road that runs through it. Queen Street in the area was named locally as one of the most congested rat run streets in Bristol. The area used to house a retail outlet run by the supporters trust of Bristol Rovers F.C. It would mostly be used by fans for merchandise sales before matches at the Memorial Stadium as well as for ticket sales. In 2018, it was closed by the supporters trust due to lack of revenue and due to duplicating services already offered at the Memorial Stadium.

## Churches

The Church of England parish church is St Michael, on Two Mile Hill Road. The church was constructed in 1848 in the Gothic Revival style. St Michael's is one of Bristol's seven Commissioners' churches. In 1994 it was granted grade II listed status by English Heritage. Two Mile Hill was the location selected by John Wesley, one of the founders of Methodism, as the location for a Methodist school and preaching house. The area also housed the first Primitive Methodist Church chapel in the United Kingdom. It was opened in 1841 but was remodelled in 1849 when it was taken over by the Salvation Army.
# HMS Grinder

Several ships of the Royal Navy have been named Grinder:
* HMS Grinder (1809), was an armed British vessel used as a tender, captured in 1810 by Danish gunboats, recaptured in 1811, and sold in 1832.
* HMS Grinder, was a 14-gun screw sloop ordered in 1847, and renamed HMS Miranda before launch.
* HMS Grinder (1855), a Dapper-class gunboat of 232 tons and 3 guns, launched in 1855, and broken up in 1864.
Three dockyard tugs have also been named Grinder:
* Grinder, a wooden paddle tug, of 332 tons, was launched in 1868 and sold in 1919.
* Grinder was a 300-ton tug ordered in 1941 but captured on the stocks in the Fall of Hong Kong. The Japanese completed her in 1943 as the Nagashima.
* Grinder was a 710-ton paddle tug launched in 1958.
# Gómez, Chiriquí

Gómez is a corregimiento in Bugaba District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It has a land area of 40.8 square kilometres (15.8 sq mi) and had a population of 2,702 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 66.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (171/sq mi). Its population as of 1990 was 2,468; its population as of 2000 was 2,422.
# Kuguzade Suleyman Pasha

Kuguzade Suleyman Pasha was appointed by Sultan Selim III as the governor of Trabzon state in 1791. The Sultan's order was received after the critical loss of Anapa Fortress to Russians, which was regarded as the gate to Caucasus for the Ottomans, in 1791 and also the deterioration of the public order. The governor responsible of the loss of Anapa was Sari Abdullah Pasha, and the Ottoman Sultan Selim requested his execution to Kuguzade Suleyman Pasha. Then, Sari Abdullah Pasha was trapped and executed in Erzurum by Kuguzade in the same year. His governorship lasted for eight months. During the rule of Kuguzade, public order was achieved again, and further attacks to Russians were managed.
Today, his grave still can be seen in the family graveyard of Kugu & Kuguoglu family in Cavuslu town of Trabzon, located as adjacent to Black Sea Highway. His Ottoman Style impressive gravestone, after having endured the many looting attempts, still worthwhile to see.
# Endocomia

Endocomia is a genus of flowering trees in the family Myristicaceae with a distribution ranging from Indochina to New Guinea. It is distinguished from the other Asian genera by its monoecious inflorescences which are unique in the mostly dioecious Myristicaceae. The only other place where monoecy is reported in the family is in a few Iryanthera species in South America.

## Species

According to Kew's Plants of the World Online, there are four accepted species:
* Endocomia canarioides (King) de Wilde
* Endocomia macrocoma (Miq.) de Wilde
* Endocomia rufirachis (Sinclair) de Wilde
* Endocomia virella de Wilde
# Sinowatsonia hoenei

Sinowatsonia hoenei is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Franz Daniel in 1943. It is found in Yunnan and Tibet in China.

## Subspecies

* Sinowatsonia hoenei hoenei (China: Yunnan)
* Sinowatsonia hoenei alpicola (Daniel, 1943) (China: Yunnan, Tibet)
# John O'Hanlon

John O'Hanlon may refer to:
* John O'Hanlon (chess player) (1876–1960), Irish chess master
* John O'Hanlon (politician) (1872–1956), Irish Farmers' Party/Independent/National Centre Party politician
* John O'Hanlon (Lackaghmore) (1889–1920), Sinn Féin party member who was shot dead by British forces
* John O'Hanlon (writer) (1821-1905), Irish priest and writer, known for his Lives of the Irish Saints
# Zembra

Zembra (Tunisian Arabic: زمبرة Zimbra) is a Tunisian island. The island is a 432-metre-tall (1,417-foot) rock formation, and as such contains many 400 metre-high cliffs. It has an area of 369 hectares (912 acres). Located 15 kilometres (8 nautical miles) from El Haouaria and 50 km (27 nmi) from the port of La Goulette, it is a natural extension of the peninsula of Cap Bon. Zembra is a natural fortress that housed a resort until 1976 and then passed into the hands of the Tunisian army. On the southern coast there are remains of an ancient harbour.
Zembra is most probably the same island called Aegimurus (Ancient Greek: Αἰγίμορος) by many ancient writers. Pliny the Elder called both Zembra and Zembretta Aegimuri.

## Environment

Zembra has a fragile ecosystem and has been classified as a protected area by UNESCO since 1977. With the nearby islet of Zembretta, it is also classified as an Important Bird Area (TN003). The island has a Mediterranean climate. The native soils include rock, clay, sand and magnesium lime.

### Flora and fauna

Zembra is a local hotspot (nano-hotspot) for the vascular flora on the scale of Tunisia, and an Important Plant Area (IPA) for North Africa. The island's vegetation consists of about 266 plant species; the flora is characterised by a canopy of dense bush, including olive, Phoenician juniper and gorse, and the presence of rare plants which favour saline soils.
There are also invertebrates and terrestrial mammals introduced by humans, such as rabbit, Corsican sheep, black rat and feral cat. Dolphins are also common in the waters surrounding the island. The Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus (CR) used to visit the island, but the last sightings were reported in 1975.
In addition, Zembra is located on an avian migration route between Tunisia and the Strait of Sicily, and hosts more than 25,000 pairs of migrating birds which nest in the rocky cliffs. The island is home to the largest colony of Scopoli's shearwaters in the Mediterranean (20,000 breeding pairs). The 9 km of cliffs of the island also hold 10 breeding pairs of Peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus, one of the highest densities known for this species. Other breeding birds include the rare Audouin's gulls Larus audouinii (10 pairs), European shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis and Caspian gulls Larus cachinnans (100 pairs).
The island, along with the neighbouring islet of Zembretta, has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International.
# Glyphostoma bertiniana

Glyphostoma bertiniana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Clathurellidae.

## Description

The shell is pink outside and inside. The canaliculate sutures are often black-banded, with frequently a white central band on the body whorl, and a narrow black band below. The shell grows to a length of 12 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs along New Guinea.
# Tuvanella

Tuvanella is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived during the Botomian stage, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago. This faunal stage was part of the Cambrian Period.