OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Louise Clarke Pyrnelle

Louise Clarke Pyrnelle (June 19, 1850 – August 26, 1907) was an Alabama writer. Her works drew heavily from her childhood experiences growing up on an antebellum plantation.

## Life

Pyrnelle was born Elizabeth Louise Clarke on a cotton plantation in Perry County, Alabama. After the Civil War, the family moved to Dallas County, Alabama, where her father opened a medical practice. She was educated in lecturing, and worked as a governess and public speaker.
In 1880 she married John Parnell. Her novel Diddie, Dumps & Tot; or plantation child-life was published in 1882 under the pseudonym "Pyrnelle" – a slight variation on her husband's name. She would publish only one other work during her lifetime: a story called "Aunt Flora's Courtship and Marriage". She died in 1907.

## Works

Diddie, Dumps & Tot; or plantation child-life, 1882
    This novel was noted at the time for its use of the southern black vernacular, a dialect also used by Mark Twain and Joel Chandler Harris, and which was thought to add "authenticity" to writing about the American South. The novel offered a nostalgic and romanticized view of antebellum plantation life, and was popular during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Miss Li'l' Tweetty, 1917
    This posthumously published novel describes the childhood experiences of a young girl named 'Tweetty'. Like Diddie, Dumps & Tot, its depictions of slavery were uncritical and nostalgic.
# Edna Schmidt

Edna Schmidt (August 8, 1969 – June 24, 2021) was a journalist who was a news anchor for Noticiero Univision Edición Nocturna. She was of Puerto Rican descent, and covered the September 11 attacks in New York City, the panic caused by the anthrax threat, and the execution of Oklahoma bomber Timothy McVeigh.

## Early life and education

Schmidt's parents moved from Puerto Rico to Manhattan, New York City, where she was born. After receiving her primary and secondary education, Schmidt enrolled in college, where she majored in journalism.

## Career

Schmidt moved to Puerto Rico, where she started her career as a newscaster for WSJN-TV (Channel 24). In 1992, she went to Chicago, where she was offered a job at WGBO-TV (Channel 66) a local Spanish language station.

### Telefutura (2002-09)

She lived in Chicago for 10 years before she was offered the position of anchorwoman in Telefutura, a division of Univision Communications, Inc., the leading Spanish-language media company in the U.S.
In April 2002, Schmidt accepted the offer and together with her husband moved to Miami, Florida where Telefutura has its headquarters. Schmidt was the inaugural anchor of "Noticias al Minuto" (Latest Minute News) until 2009, when she was promoted to Noticiero Univision: Fin de Semana. Among the notable events that Schmidt has covered are the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001, the panic caused by the Anthrax threat, and the execution of Oklahoma bomber Timothy McVeigh.

### Univision (2009-2011)

She was working towards a master's degree in journalism at Iowa State University. She was named the National Godmother of the Puerto Rican Day Parade in New York City June 10, 2007.
After 19 years of serving as anchor woman for Univision's weekend newscasts, Noticiero Univision: Fin de Semana, María Antonieta Collins decided to leave Univision, thereby leaving the anchor chair vacated and would be filled in by substitutes notably Schmidt, Ilia Calderón, and Martín Berlanga.
From September 2005 to February 2011, Edna Schmidt with Enrique Teutelo co-anchored Univision's weekend newscasts at 6:30pm and 11:30pm weekends. Edna Schmidt and Enrique Teutelo were praised by Hispanicmarketweekly.com, saying that Teutelo and Schmidt gave a fresh face to the news weekends because they often alternated in the delivery of the news. She was however replaced with Ilia Calderón in early March 2011.
On April 4, 2011 she returned to deliver the news at 11:30 pm co-anchoring with Ilia Calderón on Última Hora, now under its new name of Noticiero Univision: Edición Noctura (Evening Edition).
On July 1, 2011, Schmidt announced via Twitter that she was subbing as news anchor for ¡Despierta América! for Sascha Pretto but that she would return to Noticias Univisión, where she stayed until September 2011, when she was let go.

## Fashion sense

Schmidt was known for having a keen sense for fashion and quality attire while presenting Univision. As an example, viewers would always notice a broach, a flower or texture on her outfits.

## Death

On June 24, 2021, Univision reported that she had died at age 51; her cause of death was not indicated.
# Louise Fraenkel-Hahn

Louise Fraenkel-Hahn (1878-1939) was an Austrian painter and founding member of the Vereinigung bildender Künstlerinnen Österreichs.

## Biography

Fraenkel-Hahn née Hahn was born on 12 July 1878 in Vienna, Austria. She attended the University of Applied Arts Vienna and the Münchner Künstlerinnenverein (Munich Association of Women Artists). In 1902 she traveled to Greece, Italy and France where she was exposed to French Impressionism.
Fraenkel-Hahn was a founding member of the Vereinigung bildender Künstlerinnen Österreichs (Austrian Association of Women Artists, VBKO), and served as its president from 1923 through 1937.
In 1903 she married fellow artist Walter Fraenkel (1879-1943). The couple moved to Paris in the late 1930s.
Fraenkel-Hahn died in Paris in 1939.

## Legacy

Her work was included in the 2019 exhibition City Of Women: Female artists in Vienna from 1900 to 1938 at the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere.

## Gallery

* Blumenstrauß in chinesischer Vase
* Flowers in a Blue Vase
# Edo Sangokushi

Edo Sangokushi (江戸三国志, Edo Sangokushi) aka The Three Patriots of Edo is a 1928 black-and-white silent Japanese film directed by Seika Shiba [jp].
# Edo Shigenaga

Edo Shigenaga (江戸重長) was a Japanese samurai lord and gokenin in the late Heian and early Kamakura period, who was the second head of the Edo clan. He was also known as Edo Taro.
Shigenaga was the son of Edo Shiro Shigetsugu, who is the namesake of Edo, the former name of Tokyo. In 1180, Shigenaga was asked by Minamoto no Yoritomo to cooperate in his uprising against the rule of the Taira clan in Kyoto. Hesitant at first, Shigenaga eventually helped Yoritomo overthrow the Taira rule. Yoritomo granted Shigenaga seven new estates in Musashi Province, including Kitami in what is now Tokyo's western Setagaya Ward.
# Edo Spier

Elias "Edo" Spier (26 May 1926 – 6 September 2022) was a Dutch architect and politician. A member of the Democrats 66 party, he served in the Senate from 1991 to 1995.
Spier died on 6 September 2022, at the age of 96.
# Goshogawara Sue Pottery Kiln Site

The Goshogawara Sue Pottery Kiln Site (五所川原須恵器窯跡, Goshogawara Sueki kama ato) is an archaeological site consisting of the remains of Heian period kilns located in what is now the city of Goshogawara, Aomori Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. It is protected by the central government as a National Historic Site.

## Overview

Sue pottery (須恵器, sueki) was a blue-gray form of unglazed stoneware which was produced in Japan and southern Korea over many centuries from during the Kofun through the Heian periods, and was initially used for funerary and ritual objects Sue pottery is believed to have originated in the 5th or 6th century in the Kaya region of southern Korea, and was brought to Japan by immigrant craftsmen. It was produced in numerous locations around Japan. By the Heian period, it had become a utilitarian pottery.
The Goshogawara Sue Kiln Ruins date from the middle of the 9th century to the late 10th century, or the middle of the Heian period. The site is located approximately 15 kilometers southeast of the center of present-day Goshogawara, on a small hill on a tributary of the Maedano River, and consists of at least 40 kilns. However, the locations are divided into three separate groups across an area measuring 3.5 kilometers east–west by five kilometers north–south. The site was discovered during construction work for forestry roads in 1967. Each kiln is built semi-underground into the slope of a hill, and are a stepless form of the traditional anagama kiln. Each kiln has a length of approximately five meters and a width and height of one meter. The pottery produced was primarily storage devices such as long neck bottles, pots, jars, and jars, most of which have letters and symbols engraved with a spatula, which is a distinctive feature of pottery produced at this site.
Radiocarbon dating of shards found at the site mark it as the northernmost known site at which this type of Sue pottery is known to have been produced. The pottery produced from the site has been found in at archaeological sites to the south in Akita, and Iwate Prefecture and north in Hokkaidō, indicating ongoing trade across the Tsugaru Strait from the earliest times.
The site has been excavated since 1998 by the Goshogawara Board of Education, and of the 40 kiln sites, 13 were in good preservation and qualified for protection as a National Historic Site. It is located It is approximately 20 minutes by car from Daishaka Station on the JR East Ōu Main Line.
# Epstein frame

An Epstein frame or Epstein square is a standardised measurement device for measuring the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials, especially used for testing of electrical steels.
The International Standard for the measurement configuration and conditions are defined by the standard IEC 60404-2:2008 Magnetic materials - Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame published by International Electrotechnical Commission.
An Epstein frame comprises a primary and a secondary winding. The sample under test should be prepared as a set of a number of strips (always a multiple of four) cut from electrical steel sheet or ribbon. Each layer of the sample is double-lapped in corners and weighted down with a force of 1 N (see photo).
The power losses are measured by means of a wattmeter method in which the primary current and secondary voltage are used. During the measurement, the Epstein frame behaves as an unloaded transformer.
Power loss, P$_c$, is calculated as:
$P_{c}={\frac {N_{1}}{N_{2}}}\cdot P_{m}-{\frac {\left(1,111\cdot |{\bar {U_{2}}}|\right)^{2}}{R_{i}}}$
where: $N_{1}~$ is the number of turns of primary winding $N_{2}~$ is the number of turns of secondary winding $P_{m}~$ is the reading of the wattmeter in watts $R_{i}~$ is the total resistance of the instruments in the secondary circuit in ohms and $|{\bar {U_{2}}}|$ is the average secondary voltage in volts.
Specific power loss, P$_s$, is calculated as:
$P_{s}={\frac {P_{c}\cdot 4\cdot l}{m\cdot l_{m}}}$
where: $l~$ is the length of the sample in metres $l_{m}~$ is the average magnetic path length = 0.94 (constant value) $m~$ is the mass of the sample in kilograms
If all conditions are as defined in the standard, the standard deviation of the reproducibility of the values is not greater than 1.5% up to 1.5 T for non-oriented electrical steel and up to 1.7 T for grain-oriented electrical steel.
# Catagonia

Catagonia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Catagonia aberrans (Rondani, 1859)

## Distribution

Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Serbia, Slovenia, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Japan, China.
# Akseli Listo

Akseli August (A. A.) Listo (2 April 1856 – 17 November 1921; surname until 1906 Lilius) was a Finnish jurist, civil servant and politician, born in Hattula. He was a member of the Diet of Finland in 1894, 1897, 1899 and 1900 and of the Parliament of Finland from 1907 to 1917, representing the Finnish Party.
# Sidonia Făgărășan

Sidonia Făgărășan is a Romanian biological scientist who is a professor at the Riken Institute in Japan. Her research considers the molecular mechanisms that underpin processes in gut microbioata and the mucosal barrier. In 2020, she was awarded the Kobayashi Foundation Award.

## Early life and career

Făgărășan completed training in clinical medicine at Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy. She was a medical resident in Cluj-Napoca, where she completed various training positions and was eventually made assistant professor. During her early career she became interested in the molecular mechanisms that underpin immune homeostasis. In 1998 she moved to Japan as a Visiting Researcher at Kyoto University, and remained there to complete a doctorate.

## Research

Făgărășan contributed to the discovery of Activated Induced Deaminase, and went on to short the role of AID in gut homeostasis. In 2002, Făgărășan was appointed leader of the Riken Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity at the Research Centre for Allergy and Immunology.
Făgărășan looks to understand the mechanisms between the microbiota and the immune system at the mucosal barrier. She looks to understand how the gut immune system contributes to the diversity, balance and metabolic functions of microbes. She showed that T-cells, the immune systems that protect the body from infections, change the body's metabolism.

## Awards and honours

* 2005 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Young Scientist Award
* 2013 MEXT NISTEP Award
* 2020 Kobayashi Award

## Selected publications

* Michelle Linterman; Wim Pierson; Sau K Lee; et al. (24 July 2011). "Foxp3+ follicular regulatory T cells control the germinal center response". Nature Medicine. 17 (8): 975–982. doi:10.1038/NM.2425. ISSN 1078-8956. PMC 3182542. PMID 21785433. Wikidata Q35239023.
* Laurence Macia; Jian K Tan; Angélica T Vieira; et al. (1 April 2015). "Metabolite-sensing receptors GPR43 and GPR109A facilitate dietary fibre-induced gut homeostasis through regulation of the inflammasome". Nature Communications. 6 (1): 6734. Bibcode:2015NatCo...6.6734M. doi:10.1038/NCOMMS7734. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 25828455. Wikidata Q35591373.
* Sidonia Fagarasan; Masamichi Muramatsu; Keiichiro Suzuki; Hitoshi Nagaoka; Hiroshi Hiai; Tasuku Honjo (1 November 2002). "Critical roles of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in the homeostasis of gut flora". Science. 298 (5597): 1424–1427. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.1077336. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 12434060. Wikidata Q44218058.
# Cuphea hyssopifolia

Cuphea hyssopifolia, the false heather, Mexican heather, Hawaiian heather or elfin herb, is a small evergreen shrub native to Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras.

## Description

It grows to about 60 cm (24 in) high by 90 cm (35 in) wide and has purple, lavender or white coloured flowers and fine foliage. Its leaves are small, narrow and dark green. The fruit is a capsule that contains small globose seeds.
The Latin specific epithet hyssopifolia (which also occurs in several other plant names, including that of Bassia hyssopifolia) means "hyssop-leafed", referring to the fine, narrow leaves of that plant.

## Habitat

It is present in hot, semi-warm and temperate climates between 500 and 2,240 meters above sea level. An ornamental plant grown in orchards and gardens, it grows on the banks of streams, associated with disturbed vegetation of tropical deciduous and sub-deciduous forests, as well as mountain mesophilic forest.
The species is naturalised in Hawaii, and regarded as a serious weed there.

## Cultivation

In cultivation, the species adapts to a range of soils in a sunny or partially shaded situation with good drainage. It can be cultivated outdoors in USDA hardiness zones 8B-11, but does not tolerate freezing temperatures. In colder regions it may be cultivated as an annual. Plants may be propagated by cuttings, layering or division. They seed freely, and new seedlings that appear are easily transplanted.
This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2020).
# Leiopus kharazii

Leiopus kharazii is a species of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by Holzschuh in 1974, and is known from Azerbaijan (including Talysh) and northern Iran. The beetles inhabit deciduous trees. They measure 6-10 millimetres in length, and can live for approximately 1–2 years.
# Leo Anton Karl de Ball

Asteroids discovered: 1 :
| 230 Athamantis | September 3, 1882 | MPC |
Leo Anton Karl de Ball (November 23, 1853 – December 12, 1916) was a German-Austrian astronomer. He is credited by the Minor Planet Center as "K. de Ball" for his (sole) asteroid discovery, but seems to be best known as Leo de Ball.
He was born at Lobberich in the Rhineland, in the Kingdom of Prussia. He studied in Bonn and Berlin, receiving his doctorate in 1877. He worked at observatories in Gotha and at Bothkamp, discovering the asteroid 230 Athamantis at the latter in 1882. He then worked at Ougrée Observatory in Ougrée, Belgium, where he analyzed the mass of Saturn and worked on celestial mechanics and measurements of parallax and of double stars.
From 1891 until his death in 1916 he was director of the Kuffner observatory in Vienna. Among other things, he measured the parallax of a number of stars and compiled data for a star catalog.
# Leo Andy

Leo Andy (born December 9, 1938, in Capesterre-Belle-Eau, Guadeloupe) is a politician from Guadeloupe who was elected to the French National Assembly in 1995.
# Leon Bass

Leon Bass (January 23, 1925 – March 28, 2015) was an educator from Philadelphia. He is noted as an African-American soldier in World War II who witnessed the Buchenwald concentration camp.

## Early life and education

Bass was born and grew up in Philadelphia, one of six children (Henry Jr., Claude, Harvey, Marcellus, and sister, Willie Belle). His father, Henry Bass, was a Pullman porter, and his mother, Nancy Weston Bass, was a housewife. Both his parents emigrated to West Philadelphia from Bennettsville, South Carolina.

## Career
### Liberation of Buchenwald

On April 11, 1945, near the end of World War II, Bass, then a Sergeant with the 183rd Engineer Combat Battalion, and another member of the 183rd, Sgt. William A. Scott III, arrived at the headquarters of the 1126th Battalion in a forward liaison capacity. The next day, they convoyed with members of the 1126th to Eisenach, approximately 100 kilometers from Buchenwald concentration camp, which was discovered by allied troops the previous day.
After arriving at Eisenach, Bass and others were detailed to Buchenwald to assist in relief, and were among the first American soldiers to be seen by survivors of the camp. Bass later referred to the people he saw that day as "the walking dead".

### Post-World War II career

After the war, Bass graduated from West Chester University of Pennsylvania and then studied at Temple University, where he received a Doctorate. He became a teacher at the Benjamin Franklin High School in Philadelphia, eventually becoming its principal, a position he served in until 1981. He later taught history at George School, a Quaker boarding school in Newtown, Pennsylvania.
He was a speaker on the subject of racism and the Holocaust, and lectured extensively on the subject, bringing his unique perspective as a witness of many forms of oppression.
He was a participant in the International Liberators Conference, held in Washington DC in 1981. In 1994, he was the keynote speaker at the Georgia Commission on the Holocaust, and in 1996 he was awarded the Pearlman Award for Humanitarian Advancement from Jewish Women International.
He appeared in the Academy Award-nominated Documentary "Liberators: Fighting on Two Fronts in World War II". An oral history interview with Bass is in the Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies at Yale University, and was also adapted into a podcast episode for "Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust." He died at the age of 90 in 2015.
# Leon Bebler

Leon Bebler (4 February 1912 – 9 August 1976) was a Slovenian skier. He competed in the Nordic combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.
# Leptolalax eos

Leptolalax eos, also known as the Rosy Litter Frog, is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is known in Bo Kluea District in northern Thailand; Phongsaly, Bolikhamxay, Oudomxai and Xaisomboun Provinces in Laos; Dien Bien, Thanh Hoa and Son La Provinces in northwestern Vietnam, and Yunnan, China. It was previously confused with Leptolalax bourreti.
# Leptolalax bourreti

Leptolalax bourreti (Bourret's Asian toad or Bourret litter frog) is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is known with certainty only from the vicinity of its type locality in Sa Pa in northern Vietnam. Earlier records from Laos refer to Leptolalax eos (described in 2011) and those from Thailand probably to an unnamed species. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.

## Description

Leptolalax bourreti is a large-sized Leptolalax: males measure 28–36 mm (1.1–1.4 in) and females 42–45 mm (1.7–1.8 in) in snout-vent length. Their back is reddish, greenish, or brown with dark spots, with moderate dark spots on the sides. The colouration of irises is variable, clearer above, and coppery, green, or brownish.
# Leo Pavlát

PhDr. Leo Pavlát (9 October 1950 in Prague) is a Czech Jewish journalist, writer and diplomat. Since 1994, he is the director of the Jewish Museum in Prague.

## Work
### Books

* Tajemství knihy (1982)
# Leslie Grace (album)

Leslie Grace is the self-titled second studio album and first tropical album by American singer Leslie Grace. The album was released on June 25, 2013, by Top Stop Music. It debuted at number four on the Billboard Latin Albums chart, and number three on the Billboard Tropical Albums chart. A deluxe edition of the album was released on July 4, 2013.

## Album information

Leslie Grace is Grace's first album since Pasión in 2009. It is the first album to be produced by Sergio George and released under his independent record label, Top Stop Music. It is George's first time working with a female bachata artist. The lead single, produced by George, "Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow", a bilingual, bachata cover of the 1961 The Shirelles hit, co-written by Carole King. Her version peaked number one on both the Billboard Tropical Songs chart and Billboard Latin Airplay charts, becoming the first female Latin artist to do so.

## Awards and recognitions

* The 2013 album was nominated for a Latin Grammy for Best Tropical Album. Grace was the only female artist to be nominated in this category.
* The album's third single "Be My Baby" was nominated for Song of the Year at the Premios Juventud awards.
* The album's success saw Grace receive a nomination at the Premio Lo Nuestro awards for the Female Tropical Artist of the Year.
# Leslie Gourse

Roberta Leslie Gourse (January 1, 1939 – December 23, 2004) was an American writer and biographer who was a prolific writer on jazz music and musicians. In 1991, the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers awarded her the Deems Taylor Award for a series of seven articles in the magazine JazzTimes focusing on female jazz musicians.
Gourse was born in Fall River, Massachusetts, to Harva Zelda Fisher Gourse and Harry Andrew Gourse. She attended Columbia University. Shortly after her graduation in 1960, Gourse published her first novel, With Gall and Honey, a romantic novel set in Israel. Gourse wrote several books for children, and many biographies of notable jazz musicians.
Gourse died as a result of respiratory problems in 2004.