OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nicholas Lumbard

Nicholas Lumbard or Lombard (died after 1368) was an Irish barrister and judge of the fourteenth century.

## Family

He was a native of Waterford City. He was the son of Richard Lumbard, and probably a close relative of William Lumbard, who was four times Mayor of Waterford between 1377 and 1387. The family, as their name suggests, had come to Ireland from Lombardy, in northern Italy, in the thirteenth century. They became one of the most prominent families in Waterford, producing no less than nine Mayors of Waterford and giving their name to Lombard Street; perhaps the most notable family member was Peter Lombard (c.1555-1625), Archbishop of Armagh. One branch of the family founded Lombardstown, County Cork. Another branch moved to County Kilkenny.

## Career

Nicholas was Attorney-General for Ireland in 1345: he was one of the first known holders of the office. In 1356 he was appointed a Baron of the Court of Exchequer (Ireland), but the appointment was cancelled, apparently on the grounds that it was "a mistake". In 1360 he became second justice of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland), at a salary of 40 marks a year.
In 1364 Richard White, the Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, was sent by the Irish House of Commons to Westminster to present a report on "the true state of affairs in Ireland" and specifically to complain about maladministration by certain Crown officials. In White's absence Lumbard, as second justice, was acting Lord Chief Justice for 4 months. The last record of him as a judge seems to be in 1368, when he was still sitting on the King's Bench: the Council ordered him to be paid 20 marks, being a half year's arrears of his salary. In the same year he received custody of a suspected traitor and had him lodged in Dublin Castle. His date of death is not recorded.

## Descendants

He was married with children, including the younger Nicholas and John (living 1375). John Lumbard the younger, who was also a judge of the Court of King's Bench, as well as judge of assize for Leinster and Munster, and Deputy Constable of Ireland (died 1412) was his grandson, son of Nicholas the younger. In 1422 John de la Veer of County Kilkenny granted his manor of Ballykeff (Ballykeeffe) to John Lombard, son of Nicholas Lombard; this John was possibly a nephew of the judge.
# Huxi Mosque

The Huxi Mosque (simplified Chinese: 沪西清真寺; traditional Chinese: 滬西清真寺; pinyin: Hùxī Qīngzhēnsì) is a mosque in Putuo District, Shanghai, China.

## History

The mosque was originally constructed at Xikang Road in 1914-1921 and completed in 1922 under the name Yaoshuinong Mosque. In 1935, the mosque underwent renovation and was expanded to be able to accommodate 200 worshipers. The mosque resumed its religious activities in 1979. In April 1994, the mosque was moved to Changde Road.

## Architecture

The mosque covers an area of 1,667 m$^2$. The mosque consists of two-floor prayer hall. It is built with double arches and a fan-shaped roof. It also houses a teaching room, imam room, guesthouse and a bathhouse. It also features a butcher shop and a shop. The mosque consists of one minaret with a height of 25 meters and 6 domes.

## Transportation

The mosque is accessible within walking distance north west of Changshou Road Station of Shanghai Metro.
# Friedhof II der Sophiengemeinde Berlin

The Friedhof II der Sophiengemeinde Berlin is a Protestant cemetery of the Sophienkirche in Berlin-Mitte, Germany.

## Notable interments

(*) = An Ehrengrab awarded by the "Landes Berlin"
* Adam Weishaupt German philosopher, professor of civil law and later canon law, and founder of the Illuminati.
* Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Bach* (1759–1845), composer, final grandson of Johann Sebastian Bach, Grablage: IX-5-45/46.
* Carl Bechstein* (1826–1900), pianomaker and founder of the famous piano factory, Grablage: IX-1
* Edwin Bechstein (1859–1934), pianomaker and son of Carl, grave levelled
* James Hobrecht (1825–1902), city-planner, author of the Hobrecht-Plan on sanitation, Grablage: I-V-14/16 (grave probably levelled)
* Theodor Hosemann* (1807–1875), genre painter, illustrator and caricaturist, Grablage: VIII-25-35.
* Walter Kollo* (1878–1940), composer of 30 operettas including Drei alte Schachteln, Grablage: IX-1-40+41
* Albert Lortzing* (1801–1851), opera composer (Zar und Zimmermann, Der Wildschütz), Grablage: IX-6-46+47.
* Caroline Medon (1802–1882), actress then opera singer
* Constantin Starck († 1939), sculptor, grave probably levelled
* Johanna Stegen* verehelicht Hindersin (1793–1842), "the heroine of Lüneburg", medallion by Albert Moritz Wolff, Grablage: VIII-5-23+24.
* Max Stirner*, actually Johann Caspar Schmidt (1806–1856), philosopher and author: The Ego and Its Own, Grablage: V-8-53.
* Hermann Friedrich Waesemann* (1813–1879), architect, designer of the Berliner Rathaus (the so-called "Rotes Rathaus"), Medaillon by Otto Geyer, Grablage: III-1-18+19.
* Adolf Zander (1843–1914), royal music-director, Grablage: X-26-22
# Lipno, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Lipno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oksa, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Oksa, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Jędrzejów, and 38 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.
# Solanum incompletum

Solanum incompletum is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae known by the common names thorny popolo and popolo ku mai (popolo being a term for any Solanum species and similar berry-bearing plants). It is endemic to Hawaii, where it occurs today on the islands of Maui, Lanai, and Hawaii. It is threatened by the destruction and degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
This plant is a shrub growing up to 3 meters tall. Its stems and leaves are covered in large red prickles, and it bears star-shaped white flowers. The plant grows in forest and shrubland habitat, and cinder cone habitat on Hawaii.
The species is extirpated from the islands of Kauai and Molokai. It was feared extirpated from Hawaii until a small population was discovered there in recent years. Now there are 83 individuals estimated on that island. Several have been outplanted into appropriate habitat.
The plant is threatened by feral ungulates such as feral pigs, feral goats, and Mouflon. The invasion of introduced species of plants such as Pennisetum setaceum (fountain grass) and Kalanchoe tubiflora (chandelier plant) degrades the habitat. The plants also appear to have trouble reproducing, as evidenced by low seed production, perhaps due to extinction of their preferred pollinators.
# Barry Strange

Barry George Strange (13 May 1934 – 24 June 2007) was an Australian rules footballer who played for New Town, later Glenorchy, in the Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL). He is a member of the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame after being inducted in 2005 and is a centre half back in Glenorchy's official 'Team of the Century'.
It was at centre half back that Strange played most of his football and he began his career at New Town in 1952. A dual Best and fairest winner, he was a member of New Town's 1953, 1955 and 1956 premiership sides before crossing to Penguin as captain-coach in 1958. Strange spent three seasons at the NWFU club then returned to New Town, who had been renamed Glenorchy, and played in another premiership in 1965. His final season was 1966.
Strange represented Tasmania in 10 interstate matches and was an All-Australian for his efforts at the 1956 Perth Carnival. He also participated in Tasmania's famous upset victory over the VFL at Launceston in 1960.
# Eckardtsleben

Eckardtsleben (pronounced) is a village and part of the town of Bad Langensalza in Thuringia, central Germany, with about 200 inhabitants.

## Geography

Eckardtsleben is located 4.85 kilometres (3.01 mi) (linear distance) south of Bad Langensalza (Market Church) and on the Landesstraße (state road) 2125 (Bad Langensalza–Aschara). The village lies on both sides of a stream valley sloping down to the north-east. The Schwarzer Bach ("Black Brook"), which rises near Wiegleben, flows through the village from west to east and leaves the village as the Reifenheimer Graben ("Reifenheim Ditch") to flow into the Tonna a little below the Gräfentonna village mill. Since its source, the stream has travelled 8.86 kilometres (5.51 mi) and lost 140 metres (460 ft) in height. The intensively used flat-wavy terrain belongs to the arable farming area of the Thuringian Basin. The soils are fertile and mostly influenced by groundwater. Small erosion gullies, mostly vegetated, break up the landscape.
The Eckardtsleben stop on the Gotha–Leinefelde railway line is located to the south of the village.

## History

Eckardtsleben was first mentioned in a document on 1 June 932. The village belonged to the sub-county of the Tonna dominion, which from 1677 belonged to the Duchy of Saxon-Gotha-Altenburg as the "Amt Tonna".
The village has a rural character without multi-storey high-rise and new buildings and is characterised by agriculture.

## Sights

St Vitus' Church was built in 1404. Today, it is a Lutheran daughter church. The organ with one manual, one pedal and 8 stops was built by Gustav Koch.
# Fred Heyman

Fred G. Heyman was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Bethany College in Bethany, West Virginia in 1916. Heyman played college football at Washington & Jefferson College.
# Verlorenvlei redfin

The Verlorenvlei redfin (Pseudobarbus verloreni) is a species of barb endemic to the Verlorenvlei River in South Africa.

## Etymology

The Verlorenvlei redfin takes its name from the Verlorenvlei River, its only remaining habitat.

## Description

The species can be distinguished from the related P. skeltoni, P. burchelli, and P. burgi by two pairs of barbels around the mouth. Upon dissection, it can also be distinguished by the length of its intestine, which is longer (relative to body length) than any other species of Pseudobarbus.
Individuals of Pseudobarbus verloreni grow 53.3–70.8 millimetres (2.10–2.79 in) long. The species has large eyes and a compressed snout. General colouration is golden, with a silver ventral surface. A lateral stripe runs from behind the head to a dark spot on the caudal peduncle. Fins are often red or orange around the base.

## Reproduction and development

The species is believed to spawn between October and December.
The lateral band fades as the individual matures. Furthermore, the reddish colouration around the fins is only found on adult specimens.

## Range and habitat

The Verlorenvlei redfin is endemic to lowland waterways in western South Africa, more specifically the Verlorenvlei River system. It is also believed to have previously occupied the Langvlei River.
The Verlorenvlei River is a slow flowing river with a bottom of sand, silt, or mud. During the rainy season, it becomes swift and turbulent, and during the dry season (late summer and autumn), it dries up into a series of separate pools.

## Discovery

The Berg River redfin was originally believed to be found in the Berg, Verlorenvlei, Langvlei, and Eerste rivers, before disappearing from the latter two. A 1988 study by Paul Skelton found that specimens from the Verlorenvlei River differed markedly from the Berg River population, having a longer intestine and a greater length between the snout and the dorsal fin. It was confirmed that the populations were genetically dissimilar in a 2000 paper published in the Journal of Heredity, which indicated that they had been isolated for 0.5–2.3 million years, setting the date of divergence during the Pleistocene. Two more papers, published in 2009 and 2013, reiterated the differentiation, and the Verlorenvlei population was assigned to a new species, Pseudobarbus verloreni, in 2014.

## Conservation status

P. verloreni is an endangered species, after it was exterminated from one of its two habitats, the Langvlei River system, between 1986 and 2001. It is believed to have disappeared due to the river being emptied during the dry season for agriculture.
Threats faced by the species include habitat loss as water is drained for irrigation, as well as predation by the introduced black bass and competition from native and invasive species such as the Banded tilapia, Mozambique tilapia, and common carp.
# Huxham

Huxham is a hamlet and civil parish in the county of Devon, England and the district of East Devon and lies about 3 miles from Exeter. The parish has an area of about 800 acres and is surrounded, clockwise from the north, by Rewe, Poltimore, Exeter and Stoke Canon. It is too small to have a parish council and instead has a parish meeting. It was formerly part of the Wonford Hundred and gave its name to a family who possessed the manor from the reign of Henry II to that of Edward III. The manor was then held by the Bampfylde family of Poltimore.

## Church

The church is dedicated to St Mary the Virgin. It was built in the early 14th century and rebuilt in 1865–71. It has a Norman font and the screen may be very early in date.
# Gull (surname)

Gull is a surname found in people of British origin. Spelling variations of this family name include: Gull, Gul, Guil, Guile, Guille, etc.
* Arthur Gull (1867–1951), Australian politician
* Cameron Gull (1860–1922), Liberal Unionist politician from England
* Thomas Gull (1832–1878), Australian politician
* Sir William Gull, 1st Baronet, a prominent 19th century English physician
# Gail Miller

Gail Miller may refer to:
* Gail Miller (murder victim) (1948–1969), Canadian nursing student
* Gail Miller (water polo) (born 1976), Australian water polo player
* Gail Miller (businesswoman), American businesswoman and philanthropist, widow of Larry H. Miller
# De Herdgang

PSV Campus De Herdgang is a football training facility in Eindhoven, Netherlands. It serves as the training ground and youth academy of PSV and also accommodates its amateur teams. As of the 2014-15 season, Jong PSV play their home games at this facility. They play in de Eerste Divisie, the second level of Dutch football.

## History

De Herdgang was built in 1952. The word ‘herdgang’ originates from triangular squares that marked the end of dirt roads. These spots were used as locations where herds of sheep could graze, with ‘herd’ referring to a herd of animals and ‘gang’ being Dutch for ‘way’ or ‘process’. In April 2002, PSV started work on a renovation of the training facilities: a new indoor training hall, a fitness centre, offices and a canteen were added. The construction works were completed in April 2003. Several months later, the youth facilities were also renewed; an idea spearheaded by Guus Hiddink. As a consequence of financial problems at PSV, the ground under De Herdgang was sold to the Eindhoven municipality in a leasehold estate construction in 2011. The facilities remained property of PSV, the second Dutch sports club with over 2 million followers on social media.

## Facilities

De Herdgang accommodates the training sessions of PSV and all matches and training sessions of the youth and amateur teams. It is located outside of the Eindhoven urban area in woodland surroundings. De Herdgang consists of seven football fields, including a synthetic field. The main field can hold up to 2,500 spectators. The surrounding training facilities include a tennis lane, dressing rooms, a bar and a fitness centre. The available offices are used by the PSV scouting, medical staff and youth academy. Every year, De Herdgang is the host of the Otten Cup, an international tournament organized by PSV for under-19 teams.
# Bridport railway station

Bridport railway station formerly served the town of Bridport in the English county of Dorset. The station was on the Maiden Newton-Bridport branch line; the station (and branch line) opened in 1857 and was closed by British Rail in 1975.

## History

Opened with the branch line on 12 November 1857 it was renamed Bridport (Bradpole Road) when the West Bay extension opened, to distinguish it from East Street and West Bay stations. In 1902, it was renamed Bridport. Consisting of two platforms, a small goods yard and an engine shed, it had a signal box.
Operated by the Great Western Railway, it was placed in the Western Region when the railways were nationalised in 1948. From 1950 until 1962, the line was administered as part of the Southern Region, with Bridport station acquiring the then-standard Southern Region green signage - some of which remained until the closure of the station. In 1963, the administration of the line was transferred back to the Western Region.
After the withdrawal of the West Bay passenger trains in 1930 the station became the passenger terminus of the line. The goods service to West Bay was withdrawn in 1962, leading to the lifting of the track south of Bridport station. In its final years, the line was usually operated by a British Rail Class 121 single car diesel multiple unit. The track at Bridport station was consequently rationalised, with all sidings removed and just a single track remaining serving one platform. The once well-kept Bridport station became unstaffed in 1969 and subsequently appeared increasingly dilapidated.
The branch line was threatened with closure in the Beeching report. Narrow roads in the area, unsuitable for buses, prevented a closure in the 1960s. Bridport station (along with the branch line from Maiden Newton) was eventually closed on 5 May 1975 - the penultimate closure directly linked to the Beeching cuts (prior to the closure of the Alston branch line in Cumbria in 1976).

## The site today

Bridport station buildings were demolished in 1977 and the site cleared. The location of the former station and all its sidings and goods facilities have now been converted into an industrial estate containing two supermarkets and a builders merchants.
# Longzhong

32°00′N 112°02′E﻿ / ﻿32.000°N 112.033°E﻿ / 32.000; 112.033 Longzhong (Chinese: 隆中; pinyin: Lóngzhōng) is a scenic area with total area of 209 square kilometres (81 sq mi) located approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) away from Xiangyang, Hubei, China. It is known as the former home of the Three Kingdoms-era strategist Zhuge Liang.

## History

The famous statesman Zhuge Liang from the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history lived in Longzhong seclusively for more than ten years. It is where Liu Bei met Zhuge Liang and the story of the Longzhong Plan occurred. Liu Bei made three trips before he was able to see Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang showed Liu Bei the Longzhong Plan, a long-term strategy that outlined how Liu Bei could compete with Cao Cao. This episode gave the birth to a modern Chinese idiom, “San Gu Mao Lu”, which means to repeatedly request somebody to take up a responsible post (simplified Chinese: 三顾茅庐; traditional Chinese: 三顧茅廬; pinyin: sān gù máolú).

## Description

The Longzhong scenic area consists of man-made landscapes as well as beautiful natural environments. The Ming Dynasty had already formed the “longzhong Ten Scenes”, which include Caolu Ting, Gonggeng Tian, Sangu Tang, Xiao Hongqiao, Liujiao Jin, Wuhou Ci, Banyue Xi, Laolong Dong, Liangfu Yan and Baoqi Shi. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, more human landscapes have been built inside the Longzhong scenic area, like Zhuge Caolu and Guanxing Tai. In 1994, Longzhong was listed as national key scenic spots in China, and in 1996, it was designated as the national key cultural heritage protection units.
# Freemasons' Hall (Toodyay)

The Freemasons' Hall, often spelt Freemason's Hall, also known as the Toodyay Lodge, Templar Lodge, and Temperance Hall, on Fiennes Street, Toodyay, Western Australia, is a masonic hall built in 1879.

## History

The hall built on land donated by Charles Marris for the purpose of building a temple for the Temperance movement. The Templars used the place and it was also the venue for Methodist Church services until 1898. In 1899, the Rev E. Holiday purchased the building for the Freemasons.
On 20 November 1899, the building was consecrated and dedicated in Newcastle as No. 2803 (English Constitution). When the Grand Lodge of Western Australia was established some months later, its number changed to No. 37.
In 1924, an additional wing was constructed designed by architect Percy Harrison, also a Freemason. When the road was widened, the front steps were demolished and the front door bricked up.
The building was repainted to resemble the original colour of the bricks in 2014.

## Architecture

The building is described thus in its heritage listing by Toodyay Shire Council: "Tall Gothic style Mason hall with steep pitched iron roof and tall narrow windows set in recessed rounded arch openings. The extension to the rear with skillion roof is of a lean-to style. Painted brick and half timbering to gable apex are present. The front door is bricked in but the original dressings around the opening is still visible. The side extension of timber and iron on stumps adjoins a brick structure with shallower pitched gable roof and timber vented gable apex. There are high level small windows at rear."

## Heritage listings

The building was classified by the National Trust of Western Australia in 1977, listed on the municipal inventory in 2989, and heritage-listed in 2012, for both its historic and aesthetic value.
# Veliko Dvorište

Veliko Dvorište (Serbian Cyrillic: Велико Двориште) is a village in the municipality of Kozarska Dubica, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Nicola Heywood-Thomas

Nicola Anne Heywood-Thomas (17 May 1955 – 6 April 2023) was a Welsh broadcaster and television news journalist, who worked both for BBC Radio Wales and HTV, where she spent 18 years as a news presenter.
She was born in Cardigan but grew up in Manchester and Durham, County Durham, England.
Heywood-Thomas joined BBC Radio Wales straight from university, and later presented the station's arts programme, Radio Wales Arts Show, for 25 years. She was also a sub-editor, presenter and reporter for BBC Wales Today, although she is better remembered for her time with HTV. She was the recipient of a BAFTA Cymru Award. She made her final radio appearance in February 2023, and was undergoing chemotherapy at the time of her death. Heywood-Thomas died on 6 April 2023, at the age of 67. She was survived by her three children.
# The Price You Pay

The Price You Pay is the fifth studio album by Spear of Destiny, released by Virgin Records in 1988 (see 1988 in music).

## Track listing

All songs written by Kirk Brandon
* "So In Love With You" - 4:22
* "Tinseltown" - 5:15
* "The Price" - 5:11
* "I Remember" - 5:50
* "Dreamtime" - 4:06
* "Radio Radio" - 3:09
* "If The Guns" - 4:10
* "View from a Tree" - 3:40
* "Junkman" - 5:10
* "Soldier Soldier" - 2:48
* "Brave New World" - 4:55

## Personnel
### Spear of Destiny

* Kirk Brandon - vocals, guitar
* Pete Barnacle - drums
* Volker Janssen - keyboards
* Chris Bostock - bass
* Alan St. Clair - guitar

### Technical

* Justin Niebank - engineer
* Anton Corbijn - photography
"Special thanks to: Nancy Brandon, Bunter, Sharkey, Steve Lewis, Rock'n' Roll Hampster, Danny and Richard (L.A.), And of course T.Razor (back cover)"