OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Crystal Dam

Crystal Dam is a 323-foot-tall (98 m), double-curvature, concrete, thin arch dam located 6 miles downstream from Morrow Point Dam on the Gunnison River in Colorado, United States. Crystal Dam is the newest of the three dams in Curecanti National Recreation Area; construction on the dam was finished in 1976. The dam impounds Crystal Reservoir. Crystal Dam and Reservoir are part of the Bureau of Reclamation's Wayne N. Aspinall Unit of the Colorado River Storage Project, which retains the waters of the Gunnison River and its tributaries for agricultural and municipal use in the American Southwest. The dam's primary purpose is hydroelectric power generation.

## Description

Crystal Dam, like the higher Morrow Point Dam farther upstream, is a thin-shell arch dam, primarily planned to generate hydroelectric power. Unlike its upstream companions, excess water spills over the top of the dam through a notched-out, ungated spillway that can create a 227-foot (69 m) waterfall in times of overflow. Under normal conditions the river flows through an 11.5 feet (3.5 m) diameter penstock to the 28 MW turbine. The dam is deep within the Black Canyon of the Gunnison in pre-Cambrian metamorphic rock.

## History

Crystal Dam was the last of the three dams in the Aspinall Unit of the Colorado River Storage Project to be completed. Crystal Dam's design and construction lagged behind Morrow Point and Blue Mesa dams. Construction started in 1964 on a materials borrow pit, with construction at the damsite beginning in 1965 for an access road and exploratory drilling. Work then stopped for five years. Initially planned as an earth-fill dam, the design was changed to a double-curvature, thin-shell concrete arch dam. After an initial bidding process in which all bid were rejected as too high, a contract for the diversion tunnel was awarded in 1972, which was holed through the same year. The construction contract for the dam itself was awarded to the J.F. Shea Company in June 1973. Cofferdam work continued into 1974, encountering problems with leakage though the upstream cofferdam; 24-inch (61 cm) wells were drilled below the cofferdam to intercept water. In the meantime, the dam foundation was excavated, with first concrete placement in June. Excavation and concrete work for the powerplant started the same year. Concrete work stopped in November, and resumed in April 1975. Work was behind schedule; the dam was supposed to be completed by December 1975. Concrete work resumed in April 1976, with final completion of the dam structure on August 30, 1976. Filling operations in the reservoir began on March 14, 1977, permanently blocking the diversion tunnel on April 12. The powerplant was not completed until 1978, the victim of a fire in the contractor's warehouse that destroyed many electrical components intended for the plant.
Because of Crystal Dam's then-new design, and as a result of the failure of the contemporary Teton Dam in 1976, Crystal Dam was inspected in 1978 by divers to verify the integrity of the structure.
# Ctenucha bruneri

Ctenucha bruneri is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on Cuba.
# Ctenucha biformis

Ctenucha biformis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Peru and Bolivia.
# Cross Country (Volvo)

Cross Country is a series of lifted versions of Volvo models.
It has been used for the following cars:
* 1997–2007 Volvo V70 XC
* 2007–2016 Volvo XC70
* 2016–present Volvo V90 XC
* 2012–2019 Volvo V40 XC
* 2010–present Volvo V60 XC
See also Volvo Cross Country (disambiguation)
# Larbroye

Larbroye (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Crown Minerals Act 1991

The Crown Minerals Act is an Act of Parliament passed in 1991 in New Zealand. It controls the management of Crown owned minerals. Potential changes to Schedule 4 of the Act created controversy and opposition in 2010. The definition of minerals under the Act is very broad – it includes gravel, industrial rocks, building stone, coal and petroleum.
All gold, silver, uranium and petroleum is under Crown ownership as well as any other minerals that are on Crown owned land.

## Schedule 4 Review

In 2009 the National-led government announced that it would review Schedule 4 of the Act, a list of conservation areas for which access for mining cannot be granted by the Minister of Conservation. The proposal was condemned by critics not only because of the potential environmental impacts, but also because of the associated effects that were feared for the tourism industry.
Major NGOs such as Federated Mountain Clubs and Forest and Bird came out in opposition to the plans.
In March 2010 the government requested public feedback on a discussion document on the removal of 7000 ha of land from Schedule 4. There was a record 37,500 submissions on the document. A protest March Against Mining was organised by Greenpeace NZ on 1 May in Auckland and it attracted an estimated 40,000 people.
On 20 July 2010 the Government announced that in response to receiving 37,552 submissions, the vast majority of which opposed mining, it will not remove any land from Schedule 4.

## 2013 Amendment

In April 2013 a group of well-known New Zealanders including actress Lucy Lawless, Geoffrey Palmer and Anne Salmond, as well as Greenpeace and Forest & Bird, said proposed amendments by the Crown Minerals (Permitting and Crown Land) Bill suggested by Energy and Resources Minister Simon Bridges were "a sledgehammer designed to attack peaceful protest at sea". This Bill was passed as the Crown Minerals Amendment Act 2013.
# Lares (disambiguation)

The Lares are guardian deities in ancient Roman mythology.
Lares or LARES may also refer to:
* Lares, Africa, an Ancient city, former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see in present Tunisia
* Lares, Puerto Rico, a town in Puerto Rico
* Shelly Lares, American singer-songwriter
* LARES, former name of the Romanian airline TAROM
* LARES, an electroacoustic enhancement system
* LARES (satellite), a scientific satellite launched by the Italian Space Agency
# Cuapiaxtla

Cuapiaxtla is a municipality in the Mexican state of Tlaxcala.
# Cuapetes elegans

Cuapetes elegans is a shrimp species in the genus Cuapetes.
# Curoca River

The Curoca is an intermittent river in Namibe Province, southern Angola which has residual lagoons in dry seasons. It is one of only two rivers in Iona National Park, which also includes moving sand dunes of the Namib Desert. The Curoca forms part of the northern border of the park and also runs through the Lagoa dos Arcos and the Regional Natural Park of Namibe (Parque Natural Regional do Namibe). Its mouth is at the Atlantic Ocean, north of the community of Tômbwa. The lagoons support plants including bamboo and thorn trees and animals such as springbok and oryx. Lagoa dos Arcos oasis is noted as a tourist destination. The seasonal flooding of the river supports the limited agriculture and grazing conducted in the area.
A San group who live near the river and spoke a language called Curoca but the language is now considered extinct. The members of the group have adopted a Bantu language.
# CubeRover

CubeRover is a class of planetary rover with a standardized modular format meant to accelerate the pace of space exploration. The idea is equivalent to that of the successful CubeSat format, with standardized off-the-shelf components and architecture to assemble small units that will be all compatible, modular, and inexpensive.
The rover class concept is being developed by Astrobotic Technology in partnership with Carnegie Mellon University, and it is partly funded by NASA awards. A Carnegie Mellon University initiative - completely independent of NASA awards - developed Iris, the first flightworthy CubeRover. It was launched on 8 January 2024 along with Peregrine Mission One. Surface operations phased out along with landing of Peregrine lander due to excessive propellant leak.

## Overview
### Concept

The idea is to create a practical modular concept similar that used for CubeSats and apply it to rovers, effectively creating a new standardized architecture of small modular planetary rovers with compatible parts, systems, and even instruments so that each mission can be easily tailored to its objectives. The rovers are expendable and do not use solar arrays for electrical power, depending solely on non-rechargeable batteries. This allows it to be lighter, have a larger cooling radiator panel for electronics, and have a simpler avionics design.
The CubeRover program intends that standardizing small rover design with a common architecture will open access to planetary bodies for companies, governments, and universities around the world at a low cost, while increasing functionality, just as the CubeSat has in Earth orbit. This would motivate other members of the space exploration community to develop new systems and instruments that are all compatible with the CubeRover's architecture.

### Development

In May 2017 Astrobotic Technology, in partnership with Carnegie Mellon University, were selected by NASA's Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) to receive a $125,000 award to develop a small lunar rover architecture capable of performing small-scale science and exploration on the Moon and other planetary surfaces. During Phase I, the team built a 2-kg rover and performed engineering studies to determine the architecture of a novel chassis, power, computing systems, software and navigation techniques.
In March 2018, the team was awarded funds to move on to Phase II, and under this agreement, Astrobotic and CMU were to produce a flight-ready rover with a mass of approximately 2 kg (4.4 lb).
In future missions, CubeRovers may be designed to take advantage of lander-based systems to shelter for the cold lunar night, that lasts for 14 Earth days. Similarly, future larger CubeRovers may be able to incorporate thermal insulation and systems qualified for ultra-low temperatures.
# Larchemi

The larchemi (Georgian: ლარჭემი), or soinari (Georgian: სოინარი), is an ancient Georgian musical instrument of the panpipe family. It is known as "larchemi" in Samegrelo and "soinari" in Guria, but there is no difference in the instrument; those in Guria may be smaller. The larchemi was in the past found also in Abkhazia, Imereti and Lazeti (where it was called ostvinoni). By 1958, when it was studied by Kakhi Rosebashvili, it had largely disappeared.
The larchemi consists of a row of six reed pipes. Two bass pipes in the middle are tuned a second apart; the other pipes are tuned in thirds from them. The instrument can be played by two performers, who take three pipes each.
# Cunningtoniceras

Cunningtoniceras is a stocky acanthoceratid ammonite from the upper Cenomanian stage of the late Cretaceous of the western U.S., found e.g. in Arizona and New Mexico.
Cunningtoniceras was proposed by Maurice Collignon, 1927, for ribbed, evolute ammonites having a quadrangular whorl section; umbilical, inner and outer ventrolateral, and siphonal (i.e. mid-ventral) tubercles; a venter with a multiplication of ribs and tubercles, or one or the other. Ornament weakens with age except for the inner ventrolateral tubercles, which enlargen.
Cobban, Hook & Kennedy, 1989, distinguish Cunningtoniceras Collignon from Euomphaloceras Spath 1923, the two having been previously regarded as synonymous. In fact Cunningtoniceras is described in the Treatise L, 1957 as a synonym of Euomphaloceras, noted as having three rows of small tubercles on a broad flat venter.
Although Cunningtonicaras and Euomphaloceras share many characters, both belonging to the Acanthoceratidae, they are distinguished by the nature of the first lateral lobe of their respective sutures. The first lateral lobe of species ultimately assigned to Cunningtonicaras are narrow and bifid, contrasting with the broad and deeply bifid lobes of Euomphalooceras.
# Cuthonella elioti

Cuthonella elioti is a species of sea slug, an aeolid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cuthonellidae. It is a replacement name for Cuthonella antarctica Eliot, 1907 (non Aeolis antarctica Pfeffer in Martens & Pfeffer, 1886).

## Distribution

This species was described from Winter Quarters Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica. It has been found on several occasions in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea, Antarctica 77°51′02.31″S 166°39′56.07″E﻿ / ﻿77.8506417°S 166.6655750°E﻿ / -77.8506417; 166.6655750.
# Cuffies

Cuffies (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Laslea (river)

The Laslea is a left tributary of the river Târnava Mare in Romania. It discharges into the Târnava Mare near the village Laslea. Its length is 22 km (14 mi) and its basin size is 111 km$^2$ (43 sq mi).
# Cusseta Industrial High School

The Cusseta Industrial High School, at 113 Sandy Rd. in Cusseta, Georgia, is a Rosenwald School which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.
It was then owned by the Chattahoochee County Historic Preservation Society, Inc. which sponsored the nomination.
# Larium

Larium may refer to:
* Larium a fossil genus of Brachiopoda, see List of brachiopod genera.
* A common misspelling of the drug name Lariam (Mefloquine).
# Larivière

Larivière (N. et A. C. Larivière) was a sleigh and omnibus builder in Montreal, Quebec, Canada providing vehicles for affluent clients in Montreal and early transit operators.
The company was founded by brothers Noel and Adolphe Clément Larivière began operations sometime in 1850 manufacturing horse carriages and by the end of the 19th century electric streetcars. The company began to decline around 1890s and finally disappeared around 1903.

## Facilities

The company had two manufacturing facilities in its lifetime:
* 5 Wolfe Street
* 74 rue St. Antoine

## Products and Clients

* Omnibus - Montreal City Passenger Railway
* Sleigh - Montreal City Passenger Railway
* double truck double end electric streetcar - Bridgeport and Berlin Electric Street Railway
* single truck sweeper 1905 - built 1897 for Montreal Street Railway and sold to Cornwall Street Railway
* single truck sweeper 1905 - built 1897 for Montreal Park and Island Railway and sold to Cornwall
* electric streetcars - St. John's, Newfoundland
* double truck railcars - London Street Railway (London, Ontario)
* single truck electric streetcars - Montreal street railway companies
# Cuenca District, Huancavelica

Cuenca District is one of nineteen districts of the province Huancavelica in Peru.

## Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly Indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (64.01%) learnt to speak in childhood, 35.65% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census).
# Cuenca Minera (Huelva)

Cuenca Minera is a comarca (county) (with no administrative role) in Andalusia, southern Spain.
It is located in the western part of the province of Huelva, bounded eastwards by the province of Seville, from south by the comarca of El Condado and from north by the Sierra de Huelva.
* This article about a location in Andalusia, Spain, is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
37°41′39″N 6°35′08″W﻿ / ﻿37.69417°N 6.58556°W﻿ / 37.69417; -6.58556
# Last of the Wilds

Last of the Wilds may refer to:
* "Erämaan viimeinen", a song by Nightwish
* Last of the Wilds, a novel in the Age of the Five trilogy by Trudi Canavan
# Glutathione disulfide

Glutathione disulfide (GSSG) is a disulfide derived from two glutathione molecules.
In living cells, glutathione disulfide is reduced into two molecules of glutathione with reducing equivalents from the coenzyme NADPH. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme glutathione reductase.
Antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidases and peroxiredoxins, generate glutathione disulfide during the reduction of peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide (H$_2$O$_2$) and organic hydroperoxides (ROOH):
    2 GSH + ROOH → GSSG + ROH + H$_2$O
Other enzymes, such as glutaredoxins, generate glutathione disulfide through thiol-disulfide exchange with protein disulfide bonds or other low molecular mass compounds, such as coenzyme A disulfide or dehydroascorbic acid.
    2 GSH + R-S-S-R → GSSG + 2 RSH
The GSH:GSSG ratio is therefore an important bioindicator of cellular health, with a higher ratio signifying less oxidative stress in the organism. A lower ratio may even be indicative of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease.

## Neuromodulator

GSSG, along with glutathione and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), have been found to bind to the glutamate recognition site of the NMDA and AMPA receptors (via their γ-glutamyl moieties), and may be endogenous neuromodulators. At millimolar concentrations, they may also modulate the redox state of the NMDA receptor complex.
# M.J. Perry

M. J. Perry may refer to:
* Malcolm Perry (physicist) (born 1951), theoretical physicist
* Mark J. Perry, American professor of economics and finance
* Matthew J. Perry (1921 – 2011), United States jurist and federal judge
# Winton railway station, Scotland

Winton railway station served the village of New Winton, East Lothian, Scotland, from 1872 to 1925 on the Macmerry Branch.

## History

The station was opened on 1 May 1872 by the North British Railway. On the west platform was the station building, on the east side was the goods yard and on the north side was the signal box. The station closed on 1 July 1925.
# East Bay Daily News

The East Bay Daily News was a free daily newspaper in Berkeley, California published 5 days a week with an average daily circulation of 10,000. The newspaper was founded May 20, 2005 by journalist Dave Price and Jim Pavelich, who also published the Palo Alto Daily News. The East Bay Daily News was distributed in large red newspaper racks and in stores, coffee shops, restaurants, schools and major workplaces in Berkeley, Albany, Piedmont and Oakland. After McClatchy's acquisition of the paper's previous owner Knight Ridder in early 2006, the Palo Alto Daily News group, including the East Bay Daily News, was bundled with the San Jose Mercury News and sold to MediaNews Group of Denver, Colorado.
# Le Garçon (EP)

Le Garçon is the third EP by pop singer Solomon. Released worldwide on February 4, 2014. Lead single "Swim No More" was released October 15, 2013.

## Background

While working on his debut album, Solomon decided to release an EP as a prelude to the album. Titling it "Le Garçon" meaning "the boy" in French, the EP is said to be his darkest work yet.
On July 2, 2013, Solomon released his single for "The Way We Were" with accompanying music video on August 25, 2013. The music video was picked by vevo as one of their top 5 R&B songs. However, it was "Swim No More" that was picked to set the tone for the EP and act as the leading single.
# Lebanon Township, St. Clair County, Illinois

Lebanon Township is located in St. Clair County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 4,538 and it contained 2,005 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 36.55 square miles (94.7 km$^2$), of which 36.48 square miles (94.5 km$^2$) (or 99.81%) is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km$^2$) (or 0.19%) is water.
# Bill Evans at the Montreux Jazz Festival

Bill Evans at the Montreux Jazz Festival is a 1968 album by the American jazz pianist Bill Evans, recorded live at that year's Montreux Jazz Festival. The trio's performance on this album won them the 1969 Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Writing for AllMusic, music critic Rovi Staff wrote the album "marks the beginning of stylistic changes for the legendary pianist. Only one year earlier, his At Town Hall release found his approach generally more introspective and brooding. In contrast, this set is more lively, playful, and experimental. ... He experiments more with harmonic dissonance and striking rhythmical contrasts, making this his most extroverted playing since his freshman release, New Jazz Conceptions."

## Track listing

* "Spoken Introduction" – 0:57
* "One for Helen" (Bill Evans) – 4:22
* "A Sleepin' Bee" (Harold Arlen, Truman Capote) – 6:05
* "Mother of Earl" (Earl Zindars) – 5:14
* "Nardis" (Miles Davis) – 8:23
* "Quiet Now" (Denny Zeitlin) – 6:26
* "I Loves You, Porgy" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, DuBose Heyward) – 6:00
* "The Touch of Your Lips" (Ray Noble) – 4:45
* "Embraceable You" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) – 6:45
* "Some Day My Prince Will Come" (Frank Churchill, Larry Morey) – 6:08
* "Walkin' Up" (Evans) – 3:34

## Personnel

* Bill Evans - piano
* Eddie Gómez - double bass
* Jack DeJohnette - drums

## Legacy

Nardis in Track 5 was sampled by MF DOOM in "Raid" from his album, Madvillainy.
# Benjamin Cabrera

Benjamin David Cabrera (March 18, 1920 – August 7, 2001) was a Filipino physician who was known for his research on medical parasitology and public health.

## Life and career

Cabrera was born in Tarlac in March 1920. He earned his degree in medicine at the University of the Philippines in 1945. He then decided to continue his education at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, where he garnered his master's degree in Public Health, major in Medical Parasitology and Public Health. He graduated in 1950.
Focusing on his major, Cabrera published more than a hundred scientific studies concerning medical parasitology and public health. He also developed innovations in drug treatments against diseases caused by mosquitoes and agricultural soil. In 1961, together with Lee M. Howard, he made the first field study of simian malaria in the Philippines, and found that malaria occurred in 8.6 percent of the animals tested. Although the study was very limited, the report suggested that the simian reservoir of malaria is probably of limited significance for the human population in the Philippines.
For his work on filariasis, Cabrera received the Philippine Legion of Honor, a Presidential Award in 1996. With the elucidation of the epidemiology and life cycles of filarial parasites, preventive measures in the form of drug treatment of human cases as well as measures against the mosquito vectors can be implemented. Cabrera also worked on the control of ascariasis. With the model he proposed, hazards produced by these soil-transmitted helminths can be reduced.
Cabrera died in August 2001 at the age of 81.
# Shigetada

Shigetada (written: 重忠 or 重格) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Hatakeyama Shigetada (畠山 重忠) (1164–1205), Japanese samurai
* Matsudaira Shigetada (松平 重忠) (1570–1626), Japanese daimyō
* Shigetada Morishita (森下 重格), Japanese mayor
* Shigetada Nishijima (西嶋 重忠) (1911-2006), Japanese scholar, spy, and lobbyist
* Shigetada Nakanishi (中西 重忠) (born 1942), Japanese biochemist and neuroscientist
* Sakai Shigetada (酒井 重忠) (1549-1617), Japanese daimyō and father of Sakai Tadayo (酒井 忠世) (1572-1636)
# Dourado River (São Paulo)

The Dourado River is a river of São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil.
# Gmina Mała Wieś

Gmina Mała Wieś is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Mała Wieś, which lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) south-east of Płock and 67 km (41 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
The gmina covers an area of 108.91 square kilometres (42.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,358.

## Villages

Gmina Mała Wieś contains the villages and settlements of Borzeń, Brody Duże, Brody Małe, Dzierżanowo, Dzierżanowo-Osada, Główczyn, Kiełtyki, Kupise, Lasocin, Liwin, Mała Wieś, Murkowo, Nakwasin, Niździn, Nowe Arciszewo, Nowe Gałki, Nowe Święcice, Nowy Chylin, Orszymowo, Perki, Podgórze, Podgórze-Parcele, Przykory, Rąkcice, Ściborowo, Stare Arciszewo, Stare Gałki, Stare Święcice, Węgrzynowo, Wilkanowo and Zakrzewo Kościelne.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Mała Wieś is bordered by the gminas of Bodzanów, Bulkowo, Iłów, Naruszewo, Słubice and Wyszogród.