OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Hardy (communist)

George Hardy (26 July 1884, Cottingham – 4 May 1966) was an English communist. He was General Secretary of the Industrial Workers of the World in 1921 and later secretary of the National Minority Movement.

## Biography

Hardy was the son of an English agricultural labourer. From the age of 17 he took an active part in the trade union movement. In 1906 Hardy emigrated to Canada, where he organized a union of seafarers' workers, which joined the Industrial Workers of the World (I. W. W.); for a long time he was the chairman of this union. In 1912-13 he traveled to Australia, New Zealand and England as an agitator, where in 1915-16 he led a strike of dockworkers. Arriving then in the United States, he again began to lead the movement of workers in sea transport. He actively campaigned against the war and served a year in prison for that. In 1920 he was elected secretary of the I. W. W. in Seattle and as its representative was sent to the international conference of anarcho-syndicalists in Berlin. From here he went to the USSR, where he joined the Profintern. Returning to the US, began campaigning to join the Profintern; on this basis, he broke with I. W. W. In 1921 he became a member of the American Communist Party, the next year he moved to England, where he became one of the organizers and leaders of the minority movement. Hardy did most of his work among transport workers; in 1925 he led a strike of British sailors. Hardy was a delegate from the minority movement to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Congresses of the Profintern. At the 4th Congress he was elected a member of the Executive Bureau of the Profintern.

### In China

In 1927 he went to China as a Comintern agent. He arrived in Hangzhou when Chiang Kai-shek was initiating his attacks on the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), particularly through the Shanghai Massacre. He remained in China working underground with the CCP and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. Hardy returned to China in 1951 as part of the British-China Friendship Association.
In 1953 Hardy entered into correspondence with Elizabeth Gurley Flynn who he had known in 1923. He renewed their relationship after Flynn had been jailed under the Smith Act.
In 1956, Hardy returned from his third trip from China to Moscow. Here he learned about the decision to publish his book Those Stormy Years: Memories of the Fight for Freedom on Five Continents in Russian. For which he wrote a new foreword and another chapter on fresh impressions after a trip to China.

## Texts

* (1920) "Shop Organization the Base of the I. W. W." One Big Union Monthly June 1920
* (1956) Those Stormy Years: Memories of the Fight for Freedom on Five Continents London:Lawrence and Wishart
# Joe Stephens (journalist)

Joe Stephens is an American journalist for The Washington Post, and holds the Ferris professorship in journalism at Princeton University. He is a native of Ohio and attended Miami University. He was an investigative projects reporter at The Kansas City Star before joining the Post in 1999.

## Notable investigations

Among Stephens most important investigative reporting series are pieces about The Nature Conservancy's business dealings and "The Body Hunters", about multinational pharmaceutical testing scandals in Nigeria.
In 2011, Stephens and his Post colleague Carol D. Leonnig revealed in a series of stories how the Obama administration pressed to approve a $535 million federal loan to Solyndra, a solar panel manufacturer whose leading investors were tied to a major Obama fundraiser.

## Academia

Stephens was a visiting 2012 Ferris Professor of Journalism at Princeton University. He was appointed to the Ferris professorship in residence at Princeton in 2014 In 2018, he helped found Princeton's first formal Program in Journalism, and became its inaugural director.

## Awards

Stephens has won more than a dozen national honors, including three George Polk Awards: the 1998 Polk Award for Legal Reporting (while at the Star), the 1994 Polk Award for Political Reporting (also with The Kansas City Star) and the 2005 Foreign Reporting Award with David B. Ottaway (while at The Washington Post). According to The Washington Post, Stephens has written three series that were Pulitzer Prize finalists. Stephens has won top awards from the Overseas Press Club, the Society of Professional Journalists and Investigative Reporters and Editors, among others. He shared the 2004 Gerald Loeb Award for Large Newspapers with David B. Ottaway. With Washington Post colleague Lena H. Sun, Stephens was a 2010 finalist for the Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting for their "Death on the Rails" series. Stephens had been a finalist twice before. He shared in an Edward R. Murrow Award for investigative TV reporting out of Afghanistan.
Stephens has been a judge or juror for many journalism awards, including the Pulitzer Prize. He is a director of the Fund for Investigative Journalism.
# International Halley Watch

Halley's Comet, named after English astronomer Edmund Halley who first demonstrated its periodicity, returns to the vicinity of the Sun and Earth approximately every 76 years. Since comets are believed to be the most primordial objects in the solar system, their study is of great importance to planetary science. At the time of the 1986 return (technically, "apparition") of the comet, astronomical telescopes and related instrumentation were vastly more sensitive than for any previous apparition. Consequently, the International Halley Watch (IHW) was organized to stimulate, standardize, collect, and archive observations of the comet.
The initial plans were formulated by scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California, where a Lead Center for western hemisphere observations was established with support from NASA; a corresponding Center for eastern hemisphere observations was funded by the Federal Republic of Germany at the Remeis Observatory (code 521) in Bamberg. An international Steering Group was established, and a set of Discipline Specialists was chosen to organize observing networks, coordinate their activity, and ultimately to collect and archive their data. This effort was endorsed by the International Astronomical Union in 1982, and cometary scientists were chosen as Discipline Specialists in the areas of Astrometry, Infrared Studies, Large Scale Phenomena, Near-Nucleus Studies, Photometry and Polarimetry, Radio Studies, Spectroscopy and Spectrophotometry, Meteor Studies, and Amateur Observations. The IHW also coordinated with the space missions to the comet, Giotto by the European Space Agency and Vega by the Soviet Union and collaborating countries. The collected data were subsequently published as a digital archive on CD-ROMs.
# Galaxy classification

Galaxy classification is classification by means of and for the discipline of astronomy.
* galaxy morphological classification
* galaxy AGN classification (galaxy active galactic nucleus classification)
# Nora Radcliffe

Nora Radcliffe (born 4 March 1946, Aberdeen) is a former Scottish Liberal Democrat politician. She was the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Gordon from 1999 to 2007. During her two terms in the Scottish Parliament she held various party spokespersonships, most frequently the Scottish Liberal Democrats' Equal Opportunities, Environment and Rural Development briefs.

## Parliamentary career

It is her work for the environment, campaigns to increase the provision of NHS dentistry in the North East of Scotland and her attempts to improve transport infrastructure in the area that Radcliffe was best known for during her time in as Gordon's MSP.
In the 2007 Scottish Parliament elections, she once more contested Gordon, but was defeated by Alex Salmond, the leader of the Scottish National Party, who won 14,650 votes to her 12,588.

## Awards

Radcliffe was awarded the "Friend for Life" award by the Equality Network in recognition of her work as the Scottish Parliament's first Reporter on Sexual Orientation Issues. This award is made to a non-LGBT person who has worked for equality.
# Wilhelm Willinger

Maurus (Mor) Wilhelm (Vilmos) Willinger (9 April 1879 – 29 January 1943) was an Austrian/Hungarian photographer who is best known for his portraits of actors of the early silent film era in Berlin.

## Life

Willinger was born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary, and lived there until 1900. From 1902 to 1918, he ran a photo agency in Berlin while maintaining a studio at Orczy út 8 in Pest. He married Margarethe (who ran the darkroom) and they had a son László Willinger (1909–1989) who also became a portrait photographer. In Berlin he was registered in W 30 at Schwäbische Straße 8.
During the First World War, Willinger was an Honvéd officer in the Austro-Hungarian Army.
After the war, in 1919, he established a studio in Vienna together with Hans Schnapper. In 1921, Schnapper left the studio and Willinger became the sole owner. The Willinger & Schnapper company was located in Kärntnerstraße 28 in the First District of Vienna and remained at that address until 1938 when it was taken over by Adolf Hitler's photographer Heinrich Hoffmann. At one point the studio was one of the largest in Vienna with 30 employees. The photo archive was confiscated by the Gestapo soon after 13 March 1938 and apparently dispatched to the Reichspropagandamt [Reich Propaganda Agency] in Berlin later on.
During his time in Vienna, Willinger founded the Organisation der Wiener Presse (Organization of the Vienna Press) with various other photographers in 1924. In 1930 he took over part of the company R. Lechner (Wilhelm Müller) and turned it into the agency for Austrian press pictures Willinger & Lechner. Later he founded the together with Leo Ernst and Friedrich Cesanek sales company Austrophot – Willinger, Ernst & Cesanek.
Eventually, the Atelier Willinger operated in Berlin, Vienna and Paris. The Berlin branch operated from 1920 to 1934 under the name of his wife, Margarete Willinger. It was located at Dorotheenstrasse 72 or 60, and (from 1932 to 1934) at Fasanstrasse 68. Their son also worked in several branches of the studio (Paris & Berlin).
Willinger's work shows a wide variety of motifs and events. He photographed "role portraits" of stage actors, scenes from stage plays and portraits. His photographs can be found in various magazines, newspapers, as well as in books. Court documents from a case in Vienna in 1926 show his marital status as "divorced".

## Exile and death

Willinger left Vienna in 1938. He emigrated to Shanghai and was able to ship his photographic equipment with him, where from 1940 he ran his studio, Willinger & Co Shanghai, at 11 Nanking Road.
* Photos
* Margit Bokor (1903–1949)
* The Wilnauer Troop, Vienna (1922)
* The Jewish League for Austria, 1926
* Anton Edthofer (1883–1971) in 1933
* Paul Stefan (1879–1943)
* Imre Kálmán
# Gmina Garbów

Gmina Garbów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Garbów, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.
The gmina covers an area of 102.42 square kilometres (39.5 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 9,063 (8,917 in 2013).

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Garbów is bordered by the gminas of Abramów, Jastków, Kamionka, Markuszów, Nałęczów and Niemce.

## Villages

The gmina contains the following villages with the status of sołectwo: Bogucin, Borków, Garbów (divided into two sołectwos: Garbów I and Garbów II), Gutanów, Janów, Karolin, Leśce, Meszno, Piotrowice-Kolonia, Piotrowice Wielkie, Przybysławice, Wola Przybysławska (divided into two sołectwos: Wola Przybysławska I and Wola Przybysławska II), and Zagrody.
# Eisenschmid

Eisenschmid is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Markus Eisenschmid (born 1995), German ice hockey player
* Nicola Eisenschmid (born 1996), German ice hockey player
* Tanja Eisenschmid (born 1993), German ice hockey player
# Guido Pozzo

Guido Pozzo (born 26 December 1951) is a Catholic prelate and an official of the Roman Curia.

## Biography

Pozzo was born near Trieste, Italy. He entered the Almo Collegio Capranica in 1970. He studied at the
Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, earning a license and then a doctorate in dogmatic theology.
On 24 September 1977 he was ordained a priest of the diocese of Trieste. In 1987 he became a member of the staff of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF). Pozzo was appointed Prelate of Honour of His Holiness on 21 November 2004. A distinguished theologian, Pozzo is also a professor at the Lateran University and Adjunct Secretary of the International Theological Commission. Pope Benedict XVI named him secretary of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei on 8 July 2009, the day the Pope linked the Commission closely to the CDF, making the Congregation's Prefect also President of the Commission.
Pozzo headed the Vatican delegation that began discussions on 26 October 2009 with representatives of the Society of St. Pius X in the hope of resolving the doctrinal differences between them. The discussions proved difficult, but after several years Pozzo, now Secretary of the Commission, described them as "constructive".
On 3 November 2012, Pozzo was appointed Almoner of His Holiness and at the same time Titular Archbishop of Bagnoregio. He was consecrated on 17 November by Cardinal Secretary of State Tarcisio Cardinal Bertone, assisted by Archbishop Gerhard Ludwig Muller, then Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, and Giampaolo Crepaldi.
On 30 April 2013 he was named a Consultor to the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF). On 3 August 2013 he was released from his duties as Almoner and assigned once more to the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei, now as Secretary.
# Gemina

Gemina is a genus of green alga.

## Species

Some species include:
* Gemina clavata
* Gemina enteromorphoidea
* Gemina letterstedtoidea
* Gemina ulvoidea
# Johann Ziegler

Johann Andreas Ziegler (11 July 1749 – 18 March 1802) was a German and Austrian painter and copperplate engraver. Ziegler was born in Meiningen, and painted primarily landscapes. He traveled Austria and produced a collection of works depicting views of Vienna. Ziegler committed suicide in Vienna.

## Gallery

Illustrations from "Fifty Picturesque Views of the Rhine River from Speyer to Düsseldorf," created in the summer of 1792.
* Poppelsdorf Palace in Bonn
* Bad Godesberg
* Bad Godesberg, mineral fountain and castle ruins
* Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces in Brühl
* Ehrenbreitstein Fortress
* Bonn, Electoral Palace
# Dick Grace

Richard Virgil Grace (October 1, 1898 – June 25, 1965), known as Dick Grace, was an American stunt pilot who specialized in crashing planes for films. Films that he appeared in include Sky Bride, The Lost Squadron, Lilac Time, and the first Best Picture Oscar winner Wings.
He served in both world wars, bombing Germany, as a B-17 Flying Fortress co-pilot with the 486th Bombardment Group. After the Second World War, he operated a charter business in South America. He was married to Crystine Francis Malstrom, a stage actress who appeared in Abie's Irish Rose. He was the author of several books, including Squadron of Death, Crash Pilot, I Am Still Alive, and Visibility Unlimited.
Grace sustained a serious neck injury when he fell out of the cockpit during the filming of Wings. But he made a full recovery and was one of the few stunt pilots of his day who died of natural causes.

## Filmography
### as actor

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1926 | The Flying Fool | Donald During | |
| 1927 | Wide Open | Dick Dixon | |
| 1927 | Wings | Aviator | |
| 1928 | Lilac Time | technical flight commander | |
| 1932 | The Lost Squadron | Flier | also writer |

### as writer

| Year | Title | Notes |
| 1936 | Devil's Squadron | |

### as stunt pilot

| Year | Title |
| 1923 | Eyes of the Forest |
| 1927 | Wings |
| 1932 | The Lost Squadron |
| 1932 | Sky Bride |
# Todavía

Todavía may refer to:
* "Todavía" (song), a 2009 song by Cruz Martínez y Los Super Reyes
* Todavía (album), a 2007 album by Mina
# Juif, Saône-et-Loire

Juif (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Wilkesboro

Wilkesboro may refer to several places in the United States:
* North Wilkesboro, North Carolina
* Wilkesboro, North Carolina
* Wilkesboro, Oregon
# Gmina Gardeja

Gmina Gardeja is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Gardeja, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Kwidzyn and 87 km (54 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk.
The gmina covers an area of 192.98 square kilometres (74.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,223.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Gardeja is bordered by the town of Kwidzyn and by the gminas of Kisielice, Kwidzyn, Łasin, Prabuty, Rogóźno and Sadlinki.

## Villages

The gmina contains the following villages having the status of sołectwo: Bądki, Cygany, Czarne Dolne, Czarne Górne, Czarne Małe (sołectwos: Czarne Małe I and Czarne Małe II), Gardeja (sołectwos: Gardeja, Gardeja II, Gardeja III and Gradeja IV), Jaromierz, Klasztorek, Krzykosy, Morawy, Nowa Wioska, Otłowiec, Otłówko, Otoczyn, Pawłowo, Rozajny, Trumieje, Wandowo, Wracławek and Zebrdowo.
Other villages and settlements include: Albertowo, Czachówek, Dębno, Hermanowo, Jurki, Kalmuzy, Karolewo, Klasztorne, Klecewo, Międzylesie, Olszówka, Osadniki, Podegrodzie, Przęsławek, Rozajny Małe, Szczepkowo and Wilkowo.
# Eisenmenger

Eisenmenger (German for "ironmonger") is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Eisenmenger (1914–2002), German graphic designer
* August Eisenmenger (1830–1907), Austrian painter
* Johann Andreas Eisenmenger (1654–1704), German orientalist, Antisemite
* Rudolf Eisenmenger (1902–1994), Austrian artist, painter
* Samuel Eisenmenger, genannt Sideocrates (1534–1585), German physician, theologian and astrologer
* Victor Eisenmenger (1864–1932) Austrian medical doctor, known for Eisenmenger's syndrome
* Wolfgang Eisenmenger (physicist) (1930–2016), German physicist
* Wolfgang Eisenmenger (born 1944), German forensic pathologist
# Habeas Corpus Suspension Acts of 1688

The Habeas Corpus Suspension Acts of 1688 were three Acts of the Parliament of England (1 Will. & Mar. cc. 2, 7 & 19) which temporarily suspended the right of habeas corpus in England until 17 April, 25 May and 23 October 1689 respectively. They were passed in the wake of the Glorious Revolution, in which King James II had recently been deposed.
The three Acts were very similar. They each provided that any six members of the Privy Council could sign a warrant committing to prison anyone they suspected of high treason, without bail, mainprise or trial, until the date the Act expired or unless six privy counsellors signed an order permitting their bail or trial. The Acts did not allow the imprisonment of any member of either House of Parliament, unless the House that member belonged to first gave its consent to his imprisonment.
# Gdynia Grabówek railway station

Gdynia Grabówek railway station is a railway station serving the city of Gdynia, in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. The station opened in 1951 and is located on the Gdańsk Śródmieście–Rumia railway. The train services are operated by SKM Tricity.

## Train services

The station is served by the following service(s):
* Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lębork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk
| Preceding station | SKM Tricity | SKM Tricity | SKM Tricity | Following station |
| Gdynia Leszczynkitowards Wejherowo or Lębork | | SKM Tricity | | Gdynia Stoczniatowards Gdańsk Śródmieście |
# Bánh bèo

Bánh bèo is a Vietnamese dish that is originated from Huế, a city in Central Vietnam. The English translation for this dish is water fern cakes. Bánh bèo is made from a combination of rice flour and tapioca flour. It is popular street food in Vietnam. The ingredients include rice cake, dried shrimps, crispy pork skin, scallion oil, and dipping sauce. It is usually eaten as a snack but is now considered a dish in restaurants and can be eaten as lunch and dinner.

## Methods of eating

Banh beo is usually accompanied by nuoc mam (a clear sauce made from sugar, fish sauce, garlic, and Thai chili) and crunchy pork belly strips that enhance the taste of the dish.
Like most dishes, there are various versions of banh beo around Vietnam. For example, banh beo from Quang Ngai is topped with a combination of shrimp and pork paste instead. Banh beo from the South side of Vietnam is eaten with mashed mung bean as topping, making it sweeter than the banh beo from Hue or Quang Ngai because that was how Southerners in Vietnam prefer it.
Most often, banh beo are served in individual small dishes and eaten whole after scraping out of the dish with a spoon. Another way to eat this dish is to use a chopstick to nudge the banh beo off the circular dish.
It is often paired with beverages such as green or black tea, or Vietnamese iced coffee. It is best eaten when fresh to avoid the dish being spoiled.

## Etymology

The dish's name is believed to derive from the fact that it is shaped like a duckweed (bèo in Vietnamese). Bánh is a Vietnamese term translating loosely as "cake."
In modern Vietnamese culture, bánh bèo is slang for girls who are portrayed as overly feminine, weak-willed, and high maintenance (because of its soft, rubbery texture).
# Dicktown

Dicktown may refer to:
* Dicktown, New York, a ghost town
* Dicktown (TV series), an American adult animated sitcom
# Titus Edzoa

Titus Edzoa (born 4 January 1945) is a Cameroonian politician. He served as Secretary-General of the Presidency of the Republic and Minister of Public Health before announcing his candidacy for the 1997 presidential election; subsequently he was sentenced to 15 years imprisonment for embezzlement of public funds.
In 1997, shortly after announcing his intention to stand as a presidential candidate against President Paul Biya, Edzoa was arrested for alleged embezzlement, and promptly sentenced to 15 years in prison. The Court of Appeals in Yaoundé upheld the convictions and sentences in 1999. Edzoa sent a delegation to President Biya on 25 May 2001, seeking a pardon; Biya was, however, unwilling to consider the matter unless he received a written request, and Edzoa was unwilling to write such a request because he suspected that it might be used against him.
Edzoa was reportedly kept in difficult conditions at the maximum security gendarmerie headquarters. Still imprisoned, he sought to be taken to Europe for medical treatment in 2003, but that was not permitted. However, he was released on 25 February 2014 after spending more than 17 years in Jail.
When his prison term was about to end, the supreme court slammed another 20-year jail term on Professor Titus Edzoa. Presided over by Justice Marc Ombala Ateba on December 17, 2013, the court simply upheld the lower court’s decision that slammed a 20-year jail term each on the Titus Edzo.
On the eve of the celebration of the reunification of Cameroon in February 2014 in Buea, President Paul Biya signed a presidential clemency from which Titus Ezoa benefit. He walked free from prison on February 25, 2014
# Gary Hines

Gary Hines may refer to:
* Gary Hines (politician), Canadian politician in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly
* Gary Hines (handballer) (born 1984), American handball player
# North End Stadium

North End Stadium is a multi-use stadium in East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Bush Bucks and Birmingham City of South Africa.
In March 2019, Tornados F.C. owner Siphiwo "Mawawa" Nyobo was shot and killed outside the stadium.