OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liber Ignium

The Liber Ignium ad Comburendos Hostes (translated as On the Use of Fire to Conflagrate the Enemy, or Book of Fires for the Burning of Enemies, and abbreviated as Book of Fires) is a medieval collection of recipes for incendiary weapons, including Greek fire and gunpowder, written in Latin and allegedly written by a certain Marcus Graecus ("Mark the Greek")—a person whose existence is debated by scholars. The work has been subjected to numerous academic analyses, resulting in contradictory conclusions vis-a-vis origin and influence on its contemporaries.
One of the most influential studies of the Liber Ignium was conducted by Marcellin Berthelot which is cited in 20th century works on the topic.

## Contents

The Liber Ignium is a collection of 35 recipes without any internal classification, as it was typical of "secret recipe" list of the era. Of these, 14 are related to warfare, 11 with lamps and lights, 6 with the prevention and treatment of burns, and 4 with the preparation of chemicals, chiefly saltpetre. Some recipes were found to be worthless.
Recipe no. 14 contains advice for the harvesting and processing of saltpeter. In Berthelot's interpretation, it says: "saltpeter is a mineral of the earth, and is found as an efflorescence on stones. This earth is dissolved in boiling water, then purified and passed through a filter. It is boiled for a day and a night and solidified, so that transparent plates of the salt are found at the bottom of the vessel." Furthermore, there are four recipes (nos. 12, 13, 32, and 33) that describe mixtures resembling gunpowder.

## Origins and influence on contemporaries

The premillennial Byzantine Greek origin of the text has been rejected by scholars, who date it to the late 13th century. Study of the text has suggested that it was originally translated from Arabic, possibly by a person from Moorish Spain. Joseph Needham says that the text is probably translated from Arabic by Jewish scholars in Spain. It contains several Arabic and Spanish words that are untranslated while several of the recipes for "automatic fire" and "oil of bricks" are identical to Arabic ones from the 12th century.
The influence the Liber Ignium had on Roger Bacon and Albertus Magnus has been debated. Early scholars like the 18th-century scientist Johann Beckmann thought that both men had read and quoted it, but others have claimed that all three were based on a common source. Iqtidar Alam Khan writes that while the Liber Ignium contents can be traced back to Arabic and Chinese texts, the work of Bacon appears to represent a parallel tradition, especially because the decoded formulas of Bacon contain considerably less nitrate.
# DateMySchool

DateMySchool is an online dating platform targeted toward university students and alumni. It requires a university email address, and claims that it permits only verified students and alumni to join. It allows users to filter by schools, departments, individuals and other groups from accessing their profiles, which are all subject to the same security policy based on university email addresses. The site does not index profiles on Google.
Site registration is free, but members are prompted to sign up for a subscription if they visit their inbox.

## History

DateMySchool was co-founded by Columbia University M.B.A. students Balazs Alexa and Jean Meyer on November 8, 2010, after a woman in the School of Social Work complained that there were too few men in her department. DateMySchool first expanded to New York University; University of California, Berkeley; Stanford, Harvard, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and then spread to 350 schools before launching to more than 1,000 schools nationwide.

### Privacy

DateMySchool members may exclude schools, departments, and individuals. By default, members will not be seen by their classmates as they are invisible to their department and their department is invisible to them. However, they may change their privacy settings to allow members from their department to see them. Alexa and Meyer claim that by enabling users to choose who can and cannot view their profiles the site attempts to minimize the stigma of online dating.

### Acquisition tactics

DateMySchool has a campus ambassador program for which they hire students across the United States to promote the website on campus. Students are paid based on the number of signups generated from their respective campuses. DateMySchool also has an anonymous invite module that allows a user to invite their friends and classmates. Users have the option to input an individual email address or invite their whole contact list.
While users are permitted to send invitations to any email address, the recipient of the invitation must be able to complete the verification process to confirm they are a student or alumni; otherwise, the recipient will be unable to sign up.
# Dave Schulz (musician)

Dave Schulz is a funk, pop, and rock musician from Buffalo, New York. Schulz has released albums as a solo artist, as the headliner of the band C.O. Jones, and as a band member. Schulz is currently also the keyboardist for Berlin, Cherie Currie, Brie Darling, and Into The Frequency. Previous to that, Schulz was a core member of Lance Diamond's 24 Karat Diamond Band, and since the late 1990s has toured and performed internationally with bands including Goo Goo Dolls, Fastball, English Beat, Wang Chung, The Rembrandts, Fuel, General Public, and DEVO founder Gerald Casale's Jihad Jerry & the Evildoers among many others.
Schulz had a strong presence in the late 1990 Buffalo music scene, and was inducted in 2008 to the Buffalo Music Hall of Fame. After the year 2000, Schulz moved to Los Angeles, performing as a solo act, in organized "all star jams", and with Berlin and other bands.
Schulz also writes and produces for other artists, collaborating with the likes of Daniel Lanois, Robi Banerji, and Matt Gruber.

## Discography

* C.O. Jones, Who Knew? - 1999
* Berlin, Extended Versions - 2005
* Jihad Jerry & the Evildoers, Mine is Not a Holy War - 2006
* Bran Van 3000, Rose - 2007
* Dave Schulz, Connect - 2009
* Berlin, All the Way In (live) - 2009
* Berlin, Animal - 2013 (keyboard, vocals, arrangement)
* Tackhead, For the Love of Money - 2014
Discography reference

## Awards

* Nominee, Male Vocalist of the Year at the 2005 Los Angeles Music Awards
* Winner, 2006 All Access Awards: a win for Best Keyboardist of the Year
* Nominee, Song of the Year ("Planet 39") and Album of the Year (for his work with One Tribe Nation).
* Inductee, 2008 Buffalo Music Hall of Fame https://www.bmhof.org/Inductees-S/Schulz-Family.html
# The Larches, Kent

The Larches is a 25-hectare (62-acre) nature reserve north of Detling, which is north of Maidstone in Kent. It is managed by Kent Wildlife Trust. It is part of the Wouldham to Detling Escarpment Site of Special Scientific Interest and Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I It is also part of the North Downs Woodlands Special Area of Conservation, and Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty,
This site has chalk grassland, woods and scrub. Grassland flora include autumn gentian, pyramidal orchid and broad-leaved helleborine, and there are butterflies such as the chalkhill blue and marbled white.
There is public access to the site.
# Habronattus peckhami

Habronattus peckhami is a species of spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the USA.
# Genopole

Genopole is a French research centre in Évry-Courcouronnes focused on biotherapies, genetics, genomics, post-genomics, xenobiology and the development of biotechnology industries.
As of 2018, it contains 17 academic research laboratories, 87 biotechnology companies, 20 scientific platforms and technical platforms shared around the University of Évry Val d'Essonne, one of the founding members of Paris-Saclay University.

## Notable Researcher

* Jean Weissenbach, French biologist
# Flagstaff House

Flagstaff House may refer to:
* Teen Murti Bhavan - earlier residence of Commander-in-Chief, India and later the residence of the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru
* Flagstaff House, Hong Kong - earlier residence of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong.
* Quaid-e-Azam House - a house museum dedicated to the personal life of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.
* Jubilee House - the presidential palace in Accra that serves as a residence and office to the President of Ghana.
# Flagstaff Mountain

Flagstaff Mountain may refer to:
* Flagstaff Mountain (Boulder County, Colorado), a peak near Boulder, Colorado
* Flagstaff Mountain (Stevens County, Washington), a peak near Northport, Washington
# Florida's 13th House of Representatives district

Florida's 13th House district elects one member of the Florida House of Representatives. The district is represented by Tracie Davis. This district is located in Northeast Florida, and encompasses part of the First Coast, as well as the central part of the Jacksonville metropolitan area. The district covers central Duval County and Downtown Jacksonville, as well as the western half of the Arlington neighborhood. The district is located entirely within Jacksonville, though it only contains part of the city center. As of the 2010 Census, the district's population is 158,781. This district is majority-minority.
This district contains Florida State College at Jacksonville and Edward Waters College, located in Downtown Jacksonville, and Jacksonville University, located in the Arlington neighborhood.
There was a vacancy between November 4, 2014 and February 18, 2015. This vacancy occurred when incumbent Reggie Fullwood's reelection paperwork was rejected due to an error on his financial disclosure form. As he was the only candidate on the ballot, Florida Governor Rick Scott called for a special election to be held in February 2015. Fullwood won the special election to fill the seat.
There was a vacancy between October 3, 2016 and November 8, 2016 as the incumbent, Reggie Fullwood, resigned due after pleading guilty to wire fraud. Duval County Supervisor of Elections Tracie Davis won the general election to fill the seat.

## Representatives from 1967 to the present

Representatives by party affiliation :
| Party | Party | Representatives |
| Democratic | Democratic | 8 |
| Republican | Republican | 4 |
| # | Name | Term of service | Residence | Political party |
| 1 | Donald L. Tucker | 1967–1972 | Tallahassee | Democratic |
| 2 | Leon N. McDonald Sr. | 1972–1974 | Live Oak | Democratic |
| 3 | Pete Skinner | 1974–1976 | Lake City | Democratic |
| 4 | Wayne Hollingsworth | 1976–1982 | Lake City | Democratic |
| 5 | George Crady | 1982–1992 | Yulee | Democratic |
| 6 | Stephen R. Wise | 1992–2000 | Jacksonville | Republican |
| 7 | Mike Hogan | 2000–2003 | Jacksonville | Republican |
| 8 | Jennifer Carroll | 2003–2010 | Fleming Island | Republican |
| 9 | Daniel Davis | 2010–2012 | Jacksonville | Republican |
| 10 | Reggie Fullwood | 2012–2014 | Jacksonville | Democratic |
| | Vacant | 2014-2015 | | |
| 11 | Reggie Fullwood | 2015–2016 | Jacksonville | Democratic |
| | Vacant | 2016 | | |
| 12 | Tracie Davis | 2016–Present | Jacksonville | Democratic |
# Fit In

Fit In may refer to:
* "Fit In", a song on Kim Wilde's 1984 Teases & Dares
* "Fit In", a song on Lil Baby's 2018 Harder Than Ever
* "Fit In", a song by Anthony Crawford (musician)
# Schmidt-Godert Farm

The Schmidt-Godert Farm (also known as the Jacob Godert Farm) is a historic site in Panama City, Florida. It is located at 100 SR 2297. On October 4, 2002, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The first building built was the barn and was also used as a house until a proper house was later built. The cane mill was once used to make natural sugar cane by pears grown on the property. The main house was also once a bed and breakfast, shutting down permanently after Jacob Godert, Yvonne Godert’s (current home owner) late husband fell ill. The parlor room was also used for funeral showings for several of the family members. All of the rooms for guests were labeled by color including a red room, yellow room, green room and blue room. The guest rooms are located on the second floor. On the bottom floor there is the kitchen, laundry room, dining room, master bedroom/accessible bedroom, library and parlor. The workers quarters and management area was located on the third floor where the doors were only around three feet tall. Also on the property is a blacksmith shop, a store shop, a more modern brick house, a chicken coop/vineyard area, a well and well tower as well as several pump houses. In the woods there were foundation for woods structures but the purpose was never confirmed. Trails were also made later on around the property.
On October 10, 2018, the barn was destroyed by Hurricane Michael. Roughly 6 months after, the blacksmith building was removed due to damage from the hurricane. The cane mill on the property is currently structurally unsound and is in a state of active decay. The store shop was also heavily damaged and the main house was left in unlivable conditions. The brick house remained undamaged and is the only building that can be lived in. All of the trails were also covered by debris and the wooden structures in the woods cannot be reached.
# Flask Walk

Flask Walk is a street in Hampstead in the London Borough of Camden. It runs eastwards from Hampstead High Street to a junction with Well Walk and New End Square. It is primarily residential but the western end of the street is a pedestrianised alley featuring commercial properties. Hampstead tube station is located close to the junction with the High Street.
It takes its name indirectly from the flasks made for the mineral water produced at the nearby Hampstead Wells. The Flask public house is located near the western end of the street and was built in 1767, although the current building is Victorian. An earlier Upper Flask Tavern was a meeting place of the Kit Kat Club of the early eighteenth century, located in nearby Heath Street.
A number of buildings in the street are now Grade II listed, many dating from the Regency era of the nineteenth century or earlier. The street also features the former Wells and Campden Baths, designed by Henry Simpson Legg, surveyor for the Hampstead Wells Trust, built in 1888 and closed in 1978. The 1736 Gardnor House is on the southern side of the street. A planned station of the Metropolitan Railway was due to be located at the eastern end of the street, but although authorised in the 1860s it was never constructed.
# Schoenhut doll

Schoenhut dolls were wooden dolls produced by the Schoenhut Piano Company between 1903 and 1935. The company, founded by woodworker Albert Schoenhut, initially made toy pianos. They began to produce figurines in the early 1900s, including wooden circus-themed sets and animals.
The company introduced the Schoenhut Art Doll in 1911, a spring-jointed doll made entirely of wood. It was the first doll in the world able to be manipulated and posed. The company ceased making dolls after its bankruptcy in 1935. Though it was revived the following year, it only produced toy pianos.

## History
### Early figurines and dolls

The Schoenhut Company began producing dolls as early as 1903 with the production of the Humpty Dumpty Circus set, featuring lady and gentleman acrobats, a lion tamer, a lady circus rider, and a ringmaster. In 1908, Rolly Dolly dolls were created, which featured pear-shaped bodies with weights inside that allow the toy to bob back and forth without tipping over. A fifty-three piece set called Teddy Roosevelt's Adventures in Africa was also made, based on the Smithsonian–Roosevelt African Expedition.

### All-Wood Perfection Art Doll

After submitting a patent application 1909, the company patented the All-Wood Perfection Art Doll in 1911, which featured solid wood heads (some with carved hair, and others with wigs), compressed spring metal joints, and holes in the feet, which allows the dolls to be manipulated and posed on stands. They were the first dolls produced in the world that were able to do this.
Various styles of the dolls existed, in 14-inch, 16-inch, 19-inch and 21-inch sizes. Face variations included a character face with carved hair and intaglio eyes; a character face with wig and intaglio eyes; a girl adorning a bonnet, with the cap molded to the head; Schnickel-Fritz, which featured molded wavy hair and squinting painted-on eyes; Tootsie Wootsie, with lightly molded short hair; and an African American doll with molded curly hair. Sleepy-eyed child dolls were also produced, which featured eyes that close upon laying the doll horizontal. A Dolly Face style was produced in 1915, which featured rounded cheeks and eyes.
Schoenhut Art Dolls, in addition to many other early toys made by the company, have become collector's items. According to a 2008 appraisal, 14 inches (0.36 m)–16 inches (0.41 m) Schoenhut dolls with carved hair and intaglio eyes were worth an estimated USD$2,800–2,900.
# Schoenia cassiniana

Schoenia cassiniana (common name - Pink everlasting) is a species of plant in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae, native to Western Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory. It was first described in 1829 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré as Helichrysum cassinianum, but was transferred to the genus Schoenia in 1845 by Joachim Steetz.
It is an annual herb, growing to heights of 7 cm to 70 cm on sandy, loamy, clay and stony soils. Its pink and yellow flowers may be seen from June to November.
# Scotshouse

Scotshouse (Irish: Teach an Scotaigh) is a small agricultural village in the parish of Currin in County Monaghan, Ireland. It is roughly three miles east of where the counties of Cavan, Fermanagh and Monaghan meet. Scotshouse is about 7 kilometres (4 mi) from Clones, 18 km (11 mi) from Cavan town and 27 km (17 mi) away from Monaghan town.
Scotshouse is in the townland of Aghnahola (Irish: Achadh na hAbhla, meaning 'field of the apples'). Finn Bridge, a border crossing on the Finn River, is west of Scotshouse.

## Churches

There are two churches in Scotshouse; St. Andrew's Church (Church of Ireland) and the Church of the Immaculate Conception (Roman Catholic).
The former, St. Andrew's Church, celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2010. It contains a memorial stained glass window for those who died in the First World War and a memorial plaque to Ernest Waldron King, an assistant purser with the White Star Line who died when the Titanic sank. The church and its graveyard are both protected regional structures (reference numbers 41401610 and 41401615, respectively).
The Church of the Immaculate Conception, built in 1924, is a gable-fronted structure of Romanesque appearance. The church has a stained glass window and a carved plaque with a Celtic cross motif. It is a protected regional structure (reference numbers 41401608).

## People

* Thomas Fitzpatrick (1918–2006), former chairman of the Dáil
* Hugh MacMahon (1660–1737), Archbishop of Armagh
* Éamonn Ó Ciardha, lecturer in University of Ulster in Magee Campus, Derry City
* Séamus P. Ó Mórdha (1915–2005), professor of Irish in St Patrick's College, Dublin
# Scotsgap railway station

Scotsgap was a stone-built railway station in Northumberland on the Wansbeck Railway, which served the villages of Scots' Gap and Cambo. It was located on the line between Morpeth and Reedsmouth, and was the junction for the branch line of the Northumberland Railway to Rothbury.

## History

In 1859 Parliament authorised the Wansbeck Railway Company to build the line from Morpeth to Reedsmouth. Due to financial difficulties the line was built in stages. In 1862 the line from Morpeth to Scotsgap opened, with an extension to Knowesgate opening a year later. At this time the Wansbeck Railway Company amalgamated with the North British Railway. It was only on 1 May 1865 that the line was completed. In 1923 the line and the North British Railway merged with the London and North Eastern Railway.
The station was opened as Scots Gap in 1862, but was renamed Scotsgap in October 1903. In September 1952 passenger services were withdrawn from the line, and the goods service from much of the line in November 1963. The line was closed completely in October 1966 with the station being closed on 3 October 1966. The station building and platform remain and the site is now occupied by an agricultural merchant.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Middleton North Line and station closed | North British Railway Wansbeck Railway | Knowesgate Line and station closed |
| Terminus | North British Railway Rothbury Branch | Longwitton Line and station closed |
vteRothbury Branch :
Legend :
vteWansbeck Railway :
Legend :
# Schokari sand racer

The Schokari sand racer or Forskal sand snake (Psammophis schokari) is a species of psammophiid snake found in parts of Asia and Africa. Psammophis aegyptius has at times been considered a subspecies of Psammophis schokari but is presently considered a full species. Many people refer to snakes in the genus Psammophis as colubrids, but this is now known to be incorrect — they were once classified in the Colubridae, but our more sophisticated understanding of the relationships among the groups of snakes has led herpetologists to reclassify Psammophis and its relatives into Lamprophiidae, a family more closely related to Elapidae than to Colubridae.

## Distribution

Northwest India, Afghanistan (Leviton 1959: 461), Pakistan, south Turkmenistan, Western Sahara, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Syria, Iraq, Iran (Kavir Desert), and Yemen.
Type locality: Yemen.
# Schokar's bronzeback

Dendrelaphis schokari, also known as the common bronze-back or Schokar's bronzeback (Sinhala: තරු/මූකලන් හාල්දන්ඩා, Tharu/Mookalan Haaldanda in Sinhala), is a species of non-venomous arboreal snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka.

## Taxonomy

Dendrelaphis schokari belongs to the genus Dendrelaphis, which contains 48 other described species.
Dendrelaphis is one of five genera belonging to the vine snake subfamily Ahaetuliinae, of which Dendrelaphis is most closely related to Chrysopelea, as shown in the cladogram below:

## Habitat

Dendrelaphis schokari inhabits forests and open areas of all climatic zones of the island of Sri Lanka, from lowlands to about 750 m (2,460 ft) above sea level. It is diurnal, and though a tree snake, it is observed foraging on land as well.

## Diet

Its prey consists of frogs, lizards, geckos, skinks, insects and also eggs of small birds. It can make long jumps among trees if necessary while chasing its prey.

## Description

It can be distinguished easily from other Dendrelaphis species by having a cream-colored spotted line on its olive green dorsum (back) from neck to mid fore body along the spine.

### Formal description

Dendrelaphis schokari adult female: snout-to-vent length (SVL) 51 cm (20 in); tail 22.5 cm (8.9 in); 161 ventrals (2 preventrals); 113 subcaudals, all divided; anal shield divided; 1 loreal scale (L+R); 9 infralabials (L+R); first infralabials touch at the mental groove; first sublabial touches infralabials 6 and 7 (L+R); 9 supralabials (L+R), supralabials 5 and 6 touch the eye (L+R); 2 postoculars (L+R); temporal formula: 2+2 (L+R); dorsal formula: 15-15-11; vertebral scales enlarged but smaller than the scales of the first dorsal row; width of the dorsal scale at the position of the middle ventral 2.1 mm; eye-diameter 4.9 mm (L+R); distance anterior border of eye to posterior border of nostril 4.5 mm (L+R); a dark postocular stripe starts behind the eye, covers only the lower quarter of the temporal region and ends at the edge of the jaw; a vertebral stripe, formed by yellow spots on the vertebral scales, starts behind the head and is no longer visible after the level of the 34th ventral scale; an interparietal spot is absent; a faint light ventrolateral line is present, not bordered by black lines; ground color brown, based on the color of unshed skin; supralabials and throat yellow; ventrals yellow anteriorly, yellowish-green posteriorly.$^{:152}$$^{:33–43}$$^{:81–84}$$^{:583}$