OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# South Georgia Museum

The South Georgia Museum is situated in Grytviken, near the administrative centre of the UK overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Polar explorers Ernest Shackleton and Frank Wild are buried in Grytviken's graveyard. The museum was established in 1991 by Nigel Bonner.

## History

The museum is housed in "the Villa". It was built in 1914, as a residence for the manager of the Grytviken whaling station and his family, and was occupied until the station closed in 1964.
The abandoned building suffered from the effects of severe weather, as well as the destructive actions of vandals. Decades later, after Antarctic scientist David Wynn-Williams suggested it be made into a museum, Antarctic and marine mammal specialist Nigel Bonner and a small team of workers, with funding support from the South Georgia Government, worked to remove environmental hazards at the abandoned whaling station, and renovate and restore the Villa for use as a museum. Bonner wrote: "If [the museum] causes [visitors] to think a little more deeply about the whaling industry, the management of natural resources, and the society of whalers, I think we shall have achieved our objective."

## Museum

The South Georgia Museum opened in 1992 as a specialised whaling museum, subsequently expanding its expositions to include all aspects of the discovery of the island, sealing industry, whaling, maritime and natural history, as well as the 1982 Falklands War.
The museum became a popular tourist venue, visited by approximately 10,000 cruise ship and yacht tourists a year until the COVID-19 pandemic.
The museum displays include a bronze bust of Duncan Carse by British sculptor Jon Edgar. Carse was influential in the mapping of South Georgia and the island's Mount Carse is named after him. The Bonner Room is named in recognition of Nigel Bonner's work in creating the museum. The Jarvis Room is named after Russell Jarvis, who was Deputy Governor of the Falkland Islands from 1997 to 2003, for his dedicated support of the museum.
For several years Tim and Pauline Carr served as museum curators, living on board their yacht Curlew moored in the Grytviken port. The museum is now managed by the South Georgia Heritage Trust and is staffed by three members who are the only non-permanent residents that live in Grytviken. The collection can also be viewed online.
An occasional artist-in-residence position is supported by the museum. Previous artists to have been resident at the museum include the British sculptor Anthony Smith, who in November 2017 delivered a life-sized bronze portrait bust of Sir Ernest Shackleton to the Museum, which is now on permanent display.
The museum reopened in December 2021.
# Louis D. Astorino

Louis D. Astorino (born 1948) is an architect in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and the first American architect to design a building in the Vatican.

## Biography

Astorino was born in Pittsburgh to a family of mixed Italian and Serbian origin. His Serbian cousins influenced Astorino's upbringing and career choice. He received a bachelor's degree from Penn State College of Arts and Architecture in 1969. In 1972, he started his own firm, L. D. Astorino & Associates. It was later named Astorino.
Astorino was introduced to the international stage in 1996 when Gateway Clipper Fleet founder John E. Connelly introduced him as a prospective architect for the Domus Sanctae Marthae that Pope John Paul II wanted to build to house cardinals during the selection of popes. Connelly was offering to finance the project. Astorino's design was rejected but he was kept on as supervisory architect. He later designed the adjoining Chapel of the Holy Spirit. Astorino's firm designed the new Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, completed in 2009 at a cost of $622 million.
In December 2014, Astorino's firm was acquired by CannonDesign, which is based in Buffalo, New York.
Astorino, who has a brother Dennis, is of Serbian origin through his mother.

## Projects

* Domus Sanctae Marthae, Vatican (supervisory architect)
* Chapel of the Holy Spirit, Vatican (architect of record)
* Trimont condominium, Pittsburgh
* Fallingwater, Mill Run, Pennsylvania (restoration)
* PNC Park, Pittsburgh architect of record with HOK Sport
* McKechnie Field, Bradenton, Florida (1993 renovation)
* University of Pittsburgh Medical Center transplant center in Palermo, Italy
* UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
* Three PNC Plaza
* Fred Rogers Tribute to Children monument in Pittsburgh
* Peoples Natural Gas Field
* UPMC Sports Performance Complex
# Sh 2-185

Sh 2-185 is an H II region centered on the massive star system Gamma Cassiopeiae (γ Cas) in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It was included in the second Catalogue of H II Regions, published in 1959 by Stewart Sharpless. Sh 2-185 is located at a distance of approximately 10,500 ly (3.23 kpc) from the Sun. The region is surrounded by a dust shell, and displays several infrared point sources that are a characteristics of young stellar objects.
This H II region includes the reflection and emission nebulae IC 59 and IC 63. Both nebulae have a cometary shape, with IC 63 being the brighter of the two. The difference in appearance between the two nebulae is a consequence of their physical distance from γ Cas. IC 63 displays a well-defined ionization front, while this is lacking in IC 59. The nebulae are the closest photodissociation regions to the Sun.

## IC 59

This nebula was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on December 30, 1893, then added to J. L. E. Dreyer's Index Catalogue of Nebulae in 1895. It spans an angular size of 10′ and is visible with a small telescope. From the perspective of the Earth, IC 59 is positioned in front of γ Cas, and the closest tip to the star is located at a separation of 13.5 ly (4.15 pc). It is a photodissociation region that is being sculpted by γ Cas. Light from the star is being scattered from the nebula at an angle of 17° toward the Earth.
Although the tip of the nebula has been considered the closest point to γ Cas, the western concave face is where the most intense UV radiation is being received. Hence the tip may actually be further away from the star than the rest of the cloud. The warmer component of this nebula has a mean temperature of 675±49 K, while the cooler component is 150±34 K.

## IC 63

IC 63 is sometimes dubbed the Ghost Nebula, or the ghost of Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Max Wolf on the same night as IC 59, and has since been extensively studied. It spans an angular size of 10′ and is visible with a small telescope. From the perspective of the Earth, IC 63 is positioned behind γ Cas, and the closest tip to the star is located at a separation of 7.5 ly (2.3 pc). It is a photodissociation region that is being sculpted by γ Cas. Light from the star is being scattered from the nebula at an angle of 154° toward the Earth.
There is no evidence of triggered star formation in this nebula. The warmer component of this nebula has a mean temperature of 740±47 K, while the cooler component is 207±30 K. The velocity distribution across the nebula varies with the distance from the star, and is consistent with it being driven by the radiation. The atomic hydrogen in the PDR structure has a clumpy organization, while the tip has a ring-like structure. The entire structure seems to be moving apart and it is likely that this nebula will completely disperse within a half million years.
# Nieco

Nieco (National Industrial Equipment Co.) is a commercial kitchen equipment manufacturer specializing in automatic broilers based in Windsor, California.

## History

The company Golden Rule Metal Products was founded in 1905 in San Francisco as a sheet metal manufacturer. In 1967, it was purchased by Gene Larson of Power Refrigeration, and renamed National Industrial Equipment Co. (Nieco). In 1969, the company designed its first automated broiler and installed it in Disneyland's Tomorrowland Terrace. Carl's Jr. adopted the Nieco broilers in 1970, and Burger King in 1974. In 2012, Nieco was acquired by Middleby Corporation.
# Vriesea neoglutinosa

Vriesea neoglutinosa is a plant species in the genus Vriesea. This species is endemic to Brazil.
# Steninge

Steninge is a locality situated in Halmstad Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 1,186 inhabitants in 2020.
# Icriodus

Icriodus is an extinct conodont genus in the family Gnathodontidae.
In 1938, Edward Branson and Maurice Mehl reviewed the conodont genus Icriodus.
# Delocalized electron

In chemistry, delocalized electrons are electrons in a molecule, ion or solid metal that are not associated with a single atom or a covalent bond.
The term delocalization is general and can have slightly different meanings in different fields:
* In organic chemistry, it refers to resonance in conjugated systems and aromatic compounds.
* In solid-state physics, it refers to free electrons that facilitate electrical conduction.
* In quantum chemistry, it refers to molecular orbital electrons that have extended over several adjacent atoms.

## Resonance

In the simple aromatic ring of benzene, the delocalization of six π electrons over the C$_6$ ring is often graphically indicated by a circle. The fact that the six C-C bonds are equidistant is one indication that the electrons are delocalized; if the structure were to have isolated double bonds alternating with discrete single bonds, the bond would likewise have alternating longer and shorter lengths. In valence bond theory, delocalization in benzene is represented by resonance structures.

## Electrical conduction

Delocalized electrons also exist in the structure of solid metals. Metallic structure consists of aligned positive ions (cations) in a "sea" of delocalized electrons. This means that the electrons are free to move throughout the structure, and gives rise to properties such as conductivity.
In diamond all four outer electrons of each carbon atom are 'localized' between the atoms in covalent bonding. The movement of electrons is restricted and diamond does not conduct an electric current. In graphite, each carbon atom uses only 3 of its 4 outer energy level electrons in covalently bonding to three other carbon atoms in a plane. Each carbon atom contributes one electron to a delocalized system of electrons that is also a part of the chemical bonding. The delocalized electrons are free to move throughout the plane. For this reason, graphite conducts electricity along the planes of carbon atoms, but does not conduct in a direction at right angles to the plane.

## Molecular orbitals

Standard ab initio quantum chemistry methods lead to delocalized orbitals that, in general, extend over an entire molecule and have the symmetry of the molecule. Localized orbitals may then be found as linear combinations of the delocalized orbitals, given by an appropriate unitary transformation.
In the methane molecule, ab initio calculations show bonding character in four molecular orbitals, sharing the electrons uniformly among all five atoms. There are two orbital levels, a bonding molecular orbital formed from the 2s orbital on carbon and triply degenerate bonding molecular orbitals from each of the 2p orbitals on carbon. The localized sp$^3$ orbitals corresponding to each individual bond in valence bond theory can be obtained from a linear combination of the four molecular orbitals.
# South Georgia Classic

The South Georgia Classic was a golf tournament on the Web.com Tour from 2007 to 2014. It was played at Kinderlou Forest Golf Club in Valdosta, Georgia, United States.
The 2014 purse was $650,000, with $117,000 going to the winner.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 2014 | Blayne Barber | 273 | −15 | 2 strokes | Alex Prugh |
| 2013 | Will Wilcox | 273 | −15 | 4 strokes | D. J. Brigman Michael Putnam Zack Sucher |
| 2012 | Luke List | 272 | −16 | 2 strokes | Brian Stuard |
| 2011 | Ted Potter Jr. | 272 | −16 | 3 strokes | Mathew Goggin |
| 2010 | Ewan Porter | 277 | −11 | 1 stroke | Jhonattan Vegas |
| 2009 | Garth Mulroy | 275 | −13 | 1 stroke | Chris Tidland |
| 2008 | Bryan DeCorso | 274 | −14 | 4 strokes | Bryce Molder Greg Owen |
| 2007 | John Kimbell | 278 | −10 | 1 stroke | Matt Jones |
Bolded golfers graduated to the PGA Tour via the Web.com Tour regular-season money list.
# Edward Burleson Raymond

Edward Burleson "E. B." Raymond (November 12, 1848 – October 19, 1914) was a lawyer, rancher, politician, banker, and founder of Raymondville, Texas.
Raymond, who was named after his father's friend Edward Burleson, was born in a log cabin on Congress Avenue in Austin, Texas to Nathaniel C. Raymond and Lucinda Riggs Raymond. His father was Secretary of State under Governor James Throckmorton, and Secretary of the Texas Senate.
E. B. Raymond came to South Texas on horseback in 1870. In his first years there, he herded cattle to Kansas. In 1874 he was hired by Richard King to open the new El Sauz division of the King Ranch. Raymond would serve as the manager of the El Sauz division for 37 years and was empowered to purchase land on King's behalf until 1882. In 1893, the El Sauz Post Office was established where Raymond served as the postmaster and telegraph operator. In 1898 he was elected Cameron County Commissioner, a position he held until 1910. In 1904, he joined with the King Ranch to deed the right of way to the St. Louis, Brownsville & Mexico Railway and donated a station site near his Las Majadas Ranch which was later named in his honor. In that same year he formed the Raymond Town and Improvement Company, was granted a post office, and began selling plots of land with Henrietta King. In 1907 he established the Raymondville State Bank where he served as president until his death. In addition, Raymond built a telephone exchange and cotton gin.
Raymondville became the county seat of Willacy County in 1921 when Kenedy County was split from Willacy.
Raymond was married to Juanita Rodriguez, and was the father of two sons. When Raymond died he left his 92,000-acre (370 km$^2$) Las Majadas Ranch to his two sons and wife.
# Jimmy Smith (footballer, born 1889)

James Smith (1889 – 8 October 1918) was an English professional footballer who scored 49 goals from 90 appearances in the Football League playing as a centre forward for Bradford (Park Avenue).
Smith was born in Stafford, Staffordshire. He was a prolific scorer in local football in the Hanley area, but began his professional career with Southern League club Brighton & Hove Albion in January 1911. He was the club's top scorer in the 1911–12 season with 27 goals in all competitions. In November 1912, he moved into the Football League, joining Bradford for the substantial fee of £735 plus inside forward Bobby Simpson. Smith played 90 League games for Bradford, scoring at better than a goal every two games and helping them earn promotion to the First Division in 1914, before the First World War interrupted his career.
He served as a gunner in the Royal Field Artillery, and was killed in action on the Western Front in 1918, a few weeks before he was due to get married. He is buried in the British Cemetery at Ramicourt, Aisne, France.
# Frederick Porter

Frederick Porter may refer to:
* F. W. Porter (Frederick William Porter, 1821–1901), British/Irish architect
* Frederic Hutchinson Porter (1890–1976), American architect
* Frederick Charles Porter (1832–1869), Australian miner and explorer
# Kim Titsovathanak

Kim Titsovathanak (Khmer: គីម ទិត្យសុវឌ្ឍនៈ) is a kun bokator practitioner. He represented Cambodia in the kun bokator competition at the 2023 SEA Games.

## Personal life

Tithsovathanak is the son of former footballer Hok Sochetra and the grandson of Kun Bokator master Hok Chheang Kim.

## Careers

He started learning the Cambodian traditional martial art Kun Bokator since he was young and appeared on the first Cambodia's National Games in 2016. He participated in the International Martial Art Contests 2022, which was held in Cheongju, South Korea, and won a silver medal in Bare Hands Duo. He won a gold medal in Kun Bokator's Single Bamboo Shield Form event and a silver medal in Duo Performance at the 2023 SEA Games.

## Honours

Kun Bokator :
| Southeast Asian Games ||||
| Year | Place | Medal | Event |
| 2023 | Phnom Penh | Gold | Single Bamboo Shield Form |
| 2023 | Phnom Penh | Silver | Duo Performance (Pair) |
# Vriesea paradoxa

Vriesea paradoxa is a plant species in the genus Vriesea. This species is native to Brazil.
# Great Mariners F.C.

Great Mariners (previously known as Ghapoha or Ghapoha Readers) is a Ghanaian professional football club based in Tema. They are a currently competing in the Ghana Football Leagues. In 1997, the team won the Ghanaian FA Cup.

## History

It was founded in the port city of Tema with the name GHAPOHA, which would later be changed to GHAPOHA Readers. The club's name was an abbreviation of Ghana Port and Harbor Authority (GHAPOHA).
Their first major achievement was winning the Ghanaian FA Cup in the 1996/97 season after beating Okwahu United 1–0 in the final with a goal from Isaac Boakye. Internationally they won the WAFU Club Championship in 1997 and in the African Football Confederation tournaments they participated in the defunct African Cup Winners' Cup in 1998, in which they were eliminated in the second round by USM Alger of Algeria.
In 2007, the team rebranded and changed their name from Ghapoha to Great Mariners.

## Honours
### Domestic

* Ghanaian FA Cup
** Winners (1): 1997
* Ghana Super Cup
** Runners-up (1): 1997

### Continental

* West African Club Championship
** Winners (1): 1997

## Performance in CAF competitions

* 1998 African Cup Winners' Cup: second round
| Season | Tournament | Round | Club | Home | Away | Aggregate |
| 1998 | African Cup Winners' Cup | 1 | ASF Bobo-Dioulasso | 3-0 | 1-1 | 4-1 |
| 1998 | African Cup Winners' Cup | 2 | USM Alger | 0-1 | 0-1 | 0-2 |
# Gareth H. McKinley

Gareth Huw McKinley FRS is Professor of Teaching Innovation in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

## Education

McKinley was educated at the University of Cambridge where he was awarded a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree followed by a Master of Engineering (MEng) degree as a student of Downing College, Cambridge. He moved to America to complete his PhD at Massachusetts Institute of Technology supervised by Robert C. Armstrong.

## Research and career

McKinley's work focuses on understanding the rheology of complex fluids such as surfactants, gels and polymers, which are ubiquitous in foods and consumer products. His research interests include non-Newtonian fluid dynamics, microfluidics, extensional rheology, field-responsive materials, super-hydrophobicity and the wetting of nanostructured surfaces.
McKinley served as director of MIT's program in polymer science & Technology (PPST)- now Program in Polymers & Soft Matter (PPSM) - from 2004-2009. McKinley is also co-founder of Cambridge Polymer Group, a Boston-based company employing 20 people and specializing in bespoke instrumentation, materials consulting and orthopedic polymeric materials.

### Awards and honours

McKinley was awarded the 2013 Bingham Medal from the Society of Rheology and the 2014 Gold Medal of the British Society of Rheology. He served as editor of the Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics (JNNFM) from 1999 to 2009. A passionate educator, he has won the Bose Award for Teaching and the Jacob Pieter Den Hartog Outstanding Educator Award from MIT. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering of the United States in 2019.
# Ida Bagus Ardana

Ida Bagus Ardana (1939 or 1940 – 8 August 2024) was an Indonesian bureaucrat and politician. He held several positions in the Bali provincial government, such as the Regent of Jembrana from 1980 to 1990 and the chairman of the Bali Regional Development Agency from 1994 to 1999. He was also the deputy chairman of Golkar in Bali from 1993 until 1998.

## Early life

Ardana was born in 1939 or 1940 in Buleleng as the oldest child of ten. He spent most of his childhood in the region before moving to Jember in East Java to pursue further studies.

## Career

Ardana joined the civil service in 1969 after completing his education in Jember. He was assigned to the Jembrana regional government and held several important position in the local government. Regent Liek Rochadi appointed him as the regional secretary—the most senior civil servant position—in February 1977. In August 1980 Ardana replaced Liek Rochadi as the regent of Jembrana.
As regent, Ardana implemented the concept of "equal development" for Jembrana and constructed roads to villages. His efforts led the regency to receive the Parasamya Purna Karya Nugraha award in 1982, which was handed over to Ardana by three ministers. Ardana also actively promoted transmigration to Sulawesi. In religious matters, Ardana issued a permit for the construction of the Gilimanuk parish church in 1987, which closed a decade later. He was popular among the Jembrana population for his frequent involvement in community activities. Ardana was also known for his discipline, and once locked a civil servant, who was late for a meeting, outside.
Ardana was replaced by Ida Bagus Indugosa in September 1990. Upon completing his ten-year tenure as regent, he was appointed as the second assistant to the provincial secretary of Bali, responsible for development administration. In this office, Ardana represented the Bali governor on several occasions. Ardana was appointed as the chairman of the Bali Regional Development Agency in 1994 and served in the office until 1999. He was responsible for managing development aid for Bali from various sources, such as the World Bank. He was also active in politics during this period and became the deputy chairman of Golkar in Bali from 1993 to 1998.

## Personal life

Ardana's first wife, I Gusti Ayu Komang Muliati, gave birth to two children. Muliati died on 28 January 1989. Ardana then married Ayu Sri Wulan Tisna. He had a daughter from his second marriage.
On 8 August 2024, Ardana and his wife were found dead at their house in Denpasar by his sister-in-law, who entered the house after receiving no response. Ardana's body was found in the kitchen with traces of blood, while Tisna was found in the bedroom. Emergency services evacuated the body four hours after it was discovered for an autopsy. Initial investigation from the police indicated that the Ardana had been dead for a day before he was discovered. Police have recovered food and drug leftovers as evidence from Ardana's house.
# Delo language

Deloo, or Ntrubo, is a Gur language of Ghana and Togo.
# Broughty Ferry Open

The Broughty Ferry Open was a late Victorian era clay court tennis tournament first staged in 1884 in Broughty Ferry, Dundee, Angus, Scotland. The tournament ran until 1929.

## History

The Broughty Ferry Open was a clay court court tennis tournament organised by the Broughty Ferry LTC, Broughty Ferry, Dundee, Angus, Scotland from 1884 to 1929.
# Víctor Palmero

Víctor Manuel Palmero Guerol (26 December 1989) is a Spanish actor.
He was born in Onda, Castellón in 1989 and he made his debut in Física o química. When he ended his role in Con el culo al aire, he worked as a waiter.
He appeared in stage plays such as Atrapados, Climax and Háblame, starring María Garralón and Mariola Fuentes, and in the TV series La que se avecina. He also appeared in the show Pasapalabra.
In 2017 he won Best Actor for his role of Alba Recio in La que se avecina in a TV online competition.

## Filmography

* El ángel (TBA)
* La que se avecina (2015-2019) as Alba Recio
* Les 7 Llums (2019) as Marc
* Historias románticas (un poco) cabronas (2018) as Abel
* Desalia, la película (2017) as Víctor
* Olmos y Robles (2016) as Roberto García
* Yo quisiera (2015-2016) as Lope
* Bajo sospecha (2015) as Chico porros
* Con el culo al aire (2012-2014) as Dani
* Dioses y perros (2014) as Jaro
* Claudia a través del cristal (2012)
* Future Plans (2011) as David
* Senyor Retor (2011) as Nelo
* Física o química (2011) as Toño
* Conchín se lo traga (2010) as Miguel
* Unió musical da Capo (2009-2010) as Raúl
* Love to Keep (2006)
* Sprint especial (2005)