OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chuckie Akenz

Chuckie Nguyen (January 21, 1986), better known by his stage name of C-A, and formerly as Chuckie Akenz, is a Canadian rapper of Vietnamese descent. He grew up in the Jane and Finch neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Chuckie rose to notoriety with the filming of an amateur rap video called "You Got Beef?" The music video was widely viewed on the internet, being both praised and criticized. He is considered one of the first well known Asian hip-hop artists around the world. Chuckie was featured on two national documentaries talking about his life and how it was growing up as an Asian youth in urban Toronto. Chuckie at this time also had 3 music videos rotated on Much Music as well as several media features. After leaving the music business officially in 2009, Chuckie began pursuing other avenues in his life.

## Biography

The son of Vietnamese refugees, Chuckie grew up in the Jane and Finch neighbourhood of Toronto. He grew up with his mother, and his father was not present in his childhood after his parents split at an early age. Chuckie found music in his teenage years as an outlet to express his upbringings in the Jane and Finch community. His music expressed a lot of what teenage youth in the area went through during the time and despite the sometimes negative view, it always had a positive message behind it. As of today Chuckie is a current serving member of the Canadian Armed Forces.

## Discography

* 2009 Chuckie A: From The Beginning
* 2009 Chuckie A: Before I Begin
* 2004 21 Clipz: In The Guns We Trust
* 2003 Chuckie Akenz: Twenty One Clipz
* 2002 Chuckie Akenz: The Return To Fame
* 2001 2TRIPLE9 Presents: Street Spitterz

## Singles

* 2024 Make My Move
* 2014 Yesterday
* 2013 I Remember.
* 2011 Tonight.
* 2010 Never Stop.
* 2010 When It Rains
* 2010 Everywhere You Go
* 2010 Reality
* 2009 For My People
* 2009 Who You Are
* 2009 Okay
* 2009 Friends Till We Die
* 2009 Like A Love Song
* 2008 Annie
* 2008 Chasing My Dreams
* 2008 Fresh Air
* 2008 Time And Time Again
* 2007 Angels/From The Beginning
* 2007 Uptown/We Cry
* 2007 Music is my Life
* 2006 Going Away
* 2005 That's the Way it Goes
* 2005 This is My Life
* 2005 When I'm Gone
* 2005 Just a Dream
* 2005 Those Days ft Buck
* 2005 To The Top
* 2005 Toy Soldiers Remix
* 2005 Real Homiez ft Burnz, and Buck
* 2005 My Heart
* 2005 Love Hurts
* 2005 I'm Sorry
* 2004 Soldier
* 2004 You Got Beef?
* 2002 Don't Worry

## Music videos

* 2011 Reality
* 2008 Love Hurts (Feat. Christopher Charles)
* 2007 Angels/From The Beginning
* 2007 Uptown/We Cry
* 2007 Music is my Life
* 2006 Going Away
* 2005 What's Life?
* 2005 That's the Way it Goes
* 2005 This is My Life
* 2005 When I'm Gone
* 2005 Just a Dream
* 2005 Those Days
* 2005 Toy Soldiers Remix
* 2005 Real Homiez
* 2005 My Heart
* 2005 Love Hurts
* 2005 I'm Sorry
* 2004 Soldier
* 2004 You Got Beef?
* 2002 Don't Worry
# China Philatelic Society of London

The China Philatelic Society of London (CPSL) is a philatelic organisation devoted to the study of all aspects of Chinese philately from the Municipal Posts of the Treaty Ports to the People's Republic and Taiwan.

## Origins

The Society was formed on 1 June 1957 from the China Section of the City of London Philatelic Society, whose bulletins were reprinted by the CPSL in 1986. The first Chairman was Sir David Roseway and the first Editor of the Journal was James Negus.

## Activities

The society runs a regular auction, exchange packet service and maintains a library known as the H.B.R. Clarke Library. The Journal of Chinese Philately is published six times per annum.
Membership is open worldwide but is mainly within the United Kingdom. Membership exceeded 300 as at June 2011. A counterpart, the China Stamp Society, operates in the United States.

## Selected publications

* Lane, E.N. The Local Republican Overprints of 1911-12, 1985.
* City of London Philatelic Society (China Section) Vol. 1 Bulletin Numbers 1-52, October 1944-April 1954, 1986.
* Padget, P.I. The Revenue Stamps of Communist China 1929-1955, 3rd edition, 1986.
* Beales, K.H. & E.F. Aglen. The Waterlow Issue of 1898, 1987. ISBN 1-870620-00-3
* Davey, P.N. The Parcel Post Stamps of China, 1989. ISBN 1-870620-01-1
# Katharine Scherman

Katharine Scherman Rosin (October 7, 1915 – December 11, 2009) was an American author of non-fiction.

## Life

Born in New York City, Katharine Scherman Rosin was the daughter of Harry Scherman and Bernardine Kielty Scherman. Her father was Jewish and her mother was of Irish and Welsh descent. She married Axel G. Rosin on April 10, 1943. She had two children, Karen and Susanna. She received a B.A. from Swarthmore College in 1938. Her interests include ornithology, mountain climbing, reading and music (she played piano and cello).
After graduating from college, Scherman worked as a secretary for the Sunday Review of Literature in New York City from 1940–41, while also working as an editor for J. B. Lippincott & Co. during the same period. From 1941 to 1944 she worked at Life as a researcher and writer. From 1944 to 1949 she was a writer and editor at Book-of-the-Month Club, during which time she married Axel Rosin, who was also working there. She authored ten books, the first in 1954 and the last in 1987.
# Chrysolina lepida

Chrysolina lepida is a species of beetle from Chrysomelidae family, that could be found in Iberian Peninsula, Southern France, Italy, and Northwest Africa.

## Description

Both males and females are of the same length, but have different colour of legs. Females have orange, while males have black.
# Chrysolina marginata

Chrysolina marginata is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae.
# Chrysolina polita

Chrysolina polita is a species of leaf beetle native to Europe.
# Chrysolina hyperici

Chrysolina hyperici, the Saint John's wort beetle is a species of beetles of the family Chrysomelidae.

## Life cycle

The species lays up to 2,000 eggs on the host plant during the early fall. They lay their eggs on the undersides of leaves of new fall basal growth on its host plant, St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum). The larvae feed for a month on the leaves, emerging at night and hiding during the day. When full grown they move to the soil to pupate. After two weeks they emerge as adults. In the spring the adults feed upon new growth of their host plant.

## Taxonomy

The species is most often classified as Chrysolina hyperici (Forster, 1771), however it was originally placed in the genus Chrysomela as Chrysomela hyperici. It was first scientifically described and named by Johann Reinhold Forster in Novæ species insectorum in the year 1771. Within the genus Chrysolina, the species is classified in the subgenus Hypericia. It is closely related to the species Chrysolina quadrigemina.

### Names

Chrysolina hyperici is most often known in English by the common names "St. Johnswort Beetle", "Saint John's Wort Beetle" or close variations. In the United States C. hyperici is also known by the common name "klamathweed beetle" from one of the common names of Hypericum perforatum.

## Distribution

Originally distributed in Europa and Asia, it has been introduced in other places as biological control of Hypericum perforatum.
# Chiroteuthis

Chiroteuthis is a genus of chiroteuthid squid, comprising two subgenera. The hectocotylus is absent from all members of the genus; instead, a penis extending from the mantle opening is utilised. The genus is characterised by enlarged, lidded photophores present at the end of the tentacular club. Arms IV are both the longest and thickest, their membranes acting as sheaths to the retractable tentacles.

## Species

** Chiroteuthis sp. B2
** Subgenus Chiroteuthis
*** Chiroteuthis calyx
*** Chiroteuthis joubini
*** Chiroteuthis spoeli
*** Chiroteuthis veranyi, long-armed squid
**** Chiroteuthis veranyi lacertosa
**** Chiroteuthis veranyi veranyi
** Subgenus Chirothauma
*** Chiroteuthis atlanticus *
*** Chiroteuthis imperator
*** Chiroteuthis mega
*** Chiroteuthis picteti
**** Chiroteuthis picteti picteti
**** Chiroteuthis picteti somaliensis
The species listed above with an asterisk (*) is questionable and needs further study to determine if it is a valid species or a synonym.
# Chirothecia

Chirothecia is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Władysław Taczanowski in 1878. Chirothecia is very similar to Bellota, but can be distinguished by the following characteristics: a much wider and taller cephalothorax (the width being 70–80% of the length and the height being 38–47% of the length); a much longer eye area (occupying 60–70% of the cephalothorax length); the posterior median eyes are always closer to the anterior lateral eyes than the posterior lateral eyes.

## Species

As of June 2019 it contains thirteen species, found only in South America and Panama:
* Chirothecia amazonica Simon, 1901 – Brazil
* Chirothecia botucatuensis Bauab, 1980 – Brazil
* Chirothecia clavimana (Taczanowski, 1871) (type) – Brazil, Guyana
* Chirothecia crassipes Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru
* Chirothecia daguerrei Galiano, 1972 – Argentina
* Chirothecia euchira (Simon, 1901) – Brazil, Argentina
* Chirothecia minima Mello-Leitão, 1943 – Argentina
* Chirothecia rosea (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901) – Panama
* Chirothecia semiornata Simon, 1901 – Brazil
* Chirothecia soaresi Bauab, 1980 – Brazil
* Chirothecia soesilae Makhan, 2006 – Suriname
* Chirothecia uncata Soares & Camargo, 1948 – Brazil
* Chirothecia wrzesniowskii Taczanowski, 1878 – Ecuador
# Chincoteague Bay Field Station

Chincoteague Bay Field Station is a residential, environmental learning center and field station located on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. The Field Station offers programs for all ages, including among others school programs, summer camps, college courses, research opportunities, Road Scholar programs, family camps, community events, homeschool programs, and Boy Scout and Girl Scout badging.
Formerly the Marine Science Consortium, the Field Station has campuses on Wallops Island, VA, and Greenbackville, VA.
# Chysis aurea

Chysis aurea, the golden-flowered chysis, is an epiphytic species of orchid. It is the type species of the genus Chysis. It is native to Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela.
# Chysis bractescens

Chysis bractescens is a species of orchid. It is native to Oaxaca, Tabasco, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua.
# Allan Roy Sefton

Allan Roy Sefton BEM (1921 – 2 May 1989) was an Australian ornithologist, naturalist and environmentalist. Employed by the steelworks at Port Kembla he spent much of his spare time was spent studying the natural history and promoting the environmental conservation, of the Illawarra region of eastern New South Wales. He was a bird bander and a founder of the New South Wales Albatross Study Group. Since 1993, he has been commemorated in the Allan Sefton Fund which awards a prize to the best graduate of the Honours Bachelor of Environmental Science Program at the University of Wollongong, and by the annual Allan Sefton Memorial Lecture there.

## Honours

* 1975 – British Empire Medal, for service to the community
* 1978 – Australian Natural History Medallion
* 1989 – Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM), for service to conservation
* 1989 – Honorary PhD, University of Wollongong, for contributions to environmental science in the Illawarra region
# Kazimieras Saja

Kazimieras Saja (born 27 June 1932) is a Lithuanian writer and politician. In 1990 he was among those who signed the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.

## Awards

* 1998: Knight's Cross of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
* 2022: Lithuanian National Prize for Culture and Arts.
# Château Pouget

Château Pouget is a winery in the Margaux appellation of the Bordeaux region of France. The wine produced here was classified as one of ten Quatrièmes Crus (Fourth Growths) in the historic Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.
François-Antoine Pouget inherited Château Pouget in 1748. His daughter Claire married Pierre-Antoine de Chavailles in 1771. Over one and a half centuries, the Pouget de Chavailles family was in charge of Château Pouget. They had sometimes to face difficulties, as when, during the French Revolution, their properties were requisitioned, but they also met with great success, as Château Pouget was classified as a fourth Cru Classé in 1855. The château itself used to be a cellar, its front portion was turned into a house during the second half of the 19th century. Two marble medaillons on the frontage of the house commemorate the different classifications of Château Pouget.
# Chocolate Mountains (Arizona)

The Chocolate Mountains of Arizona, USA, are located in the southwestern part of the state east of the Trigo Mountains and southwest of the Kofa National Wildlife Refuge. The mountains are located about 30 miles (48 km) east of the Chocolate Mountains of California, but the two ranges are not connected. The range in Arizona lies in a southwest-northeasterly direction west of Highway 95 on the U.S. Army Yuma Proving Ground. This area is patrolled by the Military Police from Marine Corps Air Station Yuma.
# Chiriguaná

Chiriguaná (Spanish pronunciation:) is a city and municipality in the Department of Cesar, Colombia.

## History

During the wars independence from Spain Chiriguana was part of the Province of Santa Marta. The people of the village of Chiriguana revolted against the local Spanish monarchical authorities. The Cabildo of Justice and Regiment of the Village of Chiriguana expressed to the Cabildo of Justice of Valledupar and to Maria Concepcion Lopera their efforts to support the independence cause that had begun in 1810 with the first revolt against the Spanish. Members of the Cabildo of Barrancas were Jose Pio del Rio, Braulio de Leiva, Gonzalo de Linares, Pedro Royero and Manuel J. Quintana.

## Climate

Chiriguaná has a tropical savanna climate with consistently warm temperatures. Chiriguaná has a wet season from April to November and a drier period from December to March.
Climate data for Chiriguaná, elevation 40 m (130 ft), (1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) | 36.0 (96.8) | 35.5 (95.9) | 34.0 (93.2) | 32.9 (91.2) | 32.8 (91.0) | 33.6 (92.5) | 33.8 (92.8) | 32.5 (90.5) | 31.9 (89.4) | 32.2 (90.0) | 33.4 (92.1) | 33.6 (92.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 28.6 (83.5) | 29.1 (84.4) | 29.1 (84.4) | 28.7 (83.7) | 28.1 (82.6) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.5 (83.3) | 27.9 (82.2) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.7 (81.9) | 28.1 (82.6) | 28.4 (83.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.5 (70.7) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.2 (72.0) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.9 (71.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 16.3 (0.64) | 31.4 (1.24) | 73.0 (2.87) | 191.8 (7.55) | 263.6 (10.38) | 178.0 (7.01) | 167.5 (6.59) | 201.2 (7.92) | 309.4 (12.18) | 342.5 (13.48) | 221.6 (8.72) | 57.6 (2.27) | 2,053.8 (80.86) |
| Average precipitation days | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 81 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 72 | 71 | 73 | 78 | 81 | 82 | 79 | 79 | 83 | 84 | 83 | 79 | 79 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 272.8 | 234.3 | 213.9 | 192.0 | 182.9 | 201.0 | 226.3 | 223.2 | 186.0 | 189.1 | 201.0 | 244.9 | 2,567.4 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 8.8 | 8.3 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 7.9 | 7.0 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales ||||||||||||||
# China–Rwanda relations

China–Rwanda relations refer to the foreign relations between China and Rwanda. China and Rwanda established diplomatic relations on November 12, 1971.$^{:347}$ China has an embassy in Kigali, while Rwanda has an embassy in Beijing.

## Chinese support to Rwanda

Following the Rwandan genocide, China provided Rwanda with $20 million in financial aid, $10 million worth of humanitarian relief, and dispatched medical teams to assist in local relief efforts in Rwanda.$^{:112}$
China subsequently expanded its support to Rwanda under the auspices of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.$^{:112}$
From 2000 to 2011, there were approximately 56 Chinese official development finance projects identified in Rwanda through various media reports. These projects range from a US$160 million debt cancellation in 2007, to financing the construction and operationalization of the cement factory (CIMERWA) at Bugarama in 2009, and an interest-free, 219 million RMB loan for the rehabilitation of the Kigali road network in 2009.
In 2012, Rwandan President Paul Kagame stated that China's investment in African infrastructure meets the needs of Africa and has been well received by governments and private enterprises.$^{:113}$
# Keep Punching

Keep Punching may refer to:
* A propaganda poster used by the United States of America during World War II; see Propaganda during World War II
* Keep Punching (1939 film), an American film
* Keep Punching (2013 film), a documentary film produced by Killer Goose Films
# Keep On Walking (Scouting for Girls song)

"Keep on Walking" is a song by British band Scouting for Girls. It was released on a self-titled EP on 9 March 2009. The EP was released as the band's debut in Australia, while the single charted at number 198 on the UK Singles Chart.
It was the seventh single to be released from their album in the UK.

## Information

The song was released in early 2009. It was featured on BBC Radio 1's C-List.

## Track listing

* 1. Keep On Walking
* 2. Can't Help Falling in Love (live)
* 3. Elvis Ain't Dead (live)
* 4. Keep On Walking (live)

## Music video

The music video consists of various clips of the band on tour and in various places including a casino. It shows them playing the song on a stage at a concert or festival. It was released to their official YouTube on 9 February 2009.

## Charts

| Chart (2008) | Peak Position |
| United Kingdom (Official Charts Company) | 198 |
# Keep Our Fire Burning

"Keep Our Fire Burning" is a single by the Finnish rock band Hanoi Rocks, released exclusively in Finland.
"Keep Our Fire Burning" is an old Hanoi Rocks song from 1983 that was never recorded on a release or played live. Guitarist Andy McCoy had originally written the song for a popular Japanese pop artist Yasuaki Honda, and for his album Angel of Glass. The song features lyrics dealing with love, and are different from on this release. The next time the song was released by Pelle Miljoona in 1996 under the name "Kaipaan sua" ("I miss you" in English), on his Hyvät pahat ja hitit 2 compilation, again with different lyrics. Pelle Miljoona recorded the song again a year later with a new band. This version also featured Andy McCoy on guitar.
When McCoy and Monroe reformed Hanoi Rocks in the early 2000s, Monroe found the song in a pile of old demo tapes, and wanted the reborn Hanoi Rocks to record it. Monroe and McCoy wrote new lyrics to the song, and McCoy changed the intro of the song a little.
The B-side of the single, "Heaven Is Gonna Be Empty", is a cover of the Pearl Harbour song. Neither of the songs were featured on the band's album Another Hostile Takeover, but were released to promote the album.

## Track listing

* "Keep Our Fire Burning" – 3:49 (McCoy/Monroe)
* "Heaven Is Gonna Be Empty" – 2:47 (Pearl Harbour)

## Personnel

* Michael Monroe – lead vocals, saxophone, guitar, percussion
* Andy McCoy – lead guitar, backing vocals
* Stevie Klasson – rhythm guitar
* Timpa Laine – bass
* Lacu – drums
* Pate Kivinen – piano

## Chart positions
### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart | Peak |
| 2004 | "Keep Our Fire Burning" |
| 2004 | "Keep Our Fire Burning" | The Official Finnish Charts | 2 |
# Châtillon-sur-Broué

Châtillon-sur-Broué (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.
# Châtillon-sur-Loire

Châtillon-sur-Loire (French pronunciation:, literally Châtillon on Loire) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France.
# Katy Hayward

Katy Hayward is a Northern Irish academic and writer based at Queens University, Belfast.

## Academic career

Hayward is a professor of Political Sociology in the School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work at Queens in Belfast, with a specialism in the politics of Brexit, conflict resolution and borders. She completed her undergraduate degree in Peace and Conflict Studies at Magee College in 1999. She was awarded a PhD in 2002 by University College, Dublin on the impact of European integration on cross-border relations in Ireland.
She has fellowships including at ‘’UK in a Changing Europe’’, an ESRC-funded initiative, as well as at the Senator George J. Mitchell Institute for Global Peace, Security and Justice at Queens. In 2019, she became an Eisenhower Fellow.
In 2023 she was elected a member of the Royal Irish Academy.

## Writing

In addition to her academic writing, Hayward writes regularly for The Guardian, Belfast Telegraph, and the Irish Times.

## Other work

Hayward is a trustee of Conciliation Resources, an independent organisation working with people in conflict to prevent violence and build peace.
# Church of St. George, Lukovo

The Church of St. George, also known as the Lukovo Church, is a Serbian Orthodox church in the village of Lukovo, southern Serbia. It was built during the reign of king Milutin (1282-1321) near mines of lead, copper and gold. It was damaged in the end of the 14th century and reconstructed in 1871, destroyed again in 1871 and rebuilt 1895. It is located on Nenad's Stone (a hill 975 m above sea level) at the eastern slopes of Kopaonik. According to legend, Saint Sava raised a wooden cross on Nenad's Stone and declared it holy.
# Château de Durban

The Château de Durban is a ruined castle in the village of Durban-Corbières in the Aude département of southwestern France.

## History

The castle was built on Roman remains in the 11th century for the lords of Durban, first mentioned in a document of 1018. The Lords of Durban were vassals of the viscounts of Narbonne. In the 12th century the powerful Durban family owned Leucate and Fabrezan as well as lands and rights over Fontjoncouse and Villesèque. The castle was the property of Bernard de Durban in the 12th century. In 1229, Guillaume de Durban swore allegiance to the king of France and thus kept his lands, despite his ancestors' earlier links, though not adherence, with the Cathars.
In the 16th century, influenced by Renaissance architecture, the north and west walls were pierced and decorated with magnificent windows, with marble columns and sculpted lintels, which were restored in 1972.
The last direct descendant of the Durbans to own the castle was Joseph de Gléon, Baron of Durban, who died aged 82 without heirs in 1787. The last inheritor of the castle sold it in 1873 to Paul Combes, who intended to use the stone as building material and had destroyed large parts of the structure by the end of the 19th century. It was abandoned and then occupied by a Spanish soldier, who lived in the one room remaining. The castle subsequently became public property and continued to be used as a source of stone.
The only remains today are the north face of the main building, a round staircase tower and a square tower.
In 1967, archaeological excavations were carried out. In 1980, efforts were made to preserve the remains and in 1989 the castle was acquired by the commune.

## The castle today

Today, the castle belongs to the commune and is cared for by the Comité de Sauvegarde du Vieux Durban (Committee for the Safeguarding of Old Durban). It has been listed since 1926 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

## Gallery

* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
* Chateau de Durban-Corbières
# Cimberis elongata

Cimberis elongata is a species of pine flower snout beetle in the family Nemonychidae. It is found in North America.