OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grayston Pedestrian and Cycle Bridge

The Grayston Pedestrian and Cycle Bridge, previously also known as The Great Walk Bridge, forms part of a 5 km dedicated path between Alexandra on the eastern and Sandton on the western side of the M1 motorway in Johannesburg. Proposals have been made by City of Johannesburg to adopt the official name Kopanang Bridge.

## Structural design

The bridge is a cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge and is designed to fit snugly just north of the M40 Grayston Drive interchange with M1 motorway. The straight central section of the bridge is 176m long and consists of three spans. The two short spans are 38 m long and cross the on and off ramps on the eastern and western sides respectively. The main span of the bridge is 100m long and consists of a single and continuous cable-stayed deck supported by a single 70m high inclined pylon 26°6′26.85″S 28°4′35.14″E﻿ / ﻿26.1074583°S 28.0764278°E﻿ / -26.1074583; 28.0764278 on the western side and by a pier on the eastern side. The deck is suspended by means of nine cables extending diagonally from the pylon and attached to the deck along the median. The pylon is inclined towards the west and is restrained by a double set of nine cables extending down to a pair of plinths at ground level.

## Collapse during construction

On 14 October 2015 temporary works erected over the busy M1 motorway collapsed onto the passing traffic. Two people were killed and 19 were injured in the collapse which blocked both the north and southbound traffic. At the time of the collapse very little permanent works had been executed by the contractor. Piling on the western side in the vicinity of the foundations for the pylon had been completed and on day of the collapse blinding concrete was being placed to the base of the pylon pile cap. After the collapse the contractor adopted an alternative construction method which was analysed in December 2015.

## Deaths during construction

* A motorist Mr Adrian Doodnath and a taxi driver Mr Siyabonga Myeni were killed on 14 October 2015 when temporary works collapsed onto the vehicles they were driving.
* A forty-one year old construction Mr Enoch Maphunye fell to his death from the height of several floors on 30 November 2017.

## Section 32 Inquiry

* On 28 October 2015 the Department of Labour released a preliminary report and announced that a Section 32 inquiry in terms of the OSH Act would be held in public.
* On 19 November 2015 Commissioner Lennie Samuel was appointed Presiding Inspector for the Section 32
* A media briefing was held on 8 December 2015. Labour hosts media briefing on Grayston Drive Pedestrian and cyclist structural bridge collapse.
* The first session of the Inquiry began on 16 February 2016.
* Inquiry scheduled to resume on 26 September 2017.
* Inquiry postponed until July 2018 after concluding with expert witnesses.
* On 8 March 2018 the Department of Labour announced the appointment of a new presiding officer.
# Koljala

Koljala is a village in Lüganuse Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia.
# Francisco Cepeda

Francisco Cepeda (Zepeda, Zepedas) (born in the province of La Mancha, Spain, 1532; died at Guatemala, 1602) was a Spanish Dominican missionary.
He became a Dominican at the convent of Ocaña, and was sent to Chiapas in Mexico. He was a very active missionary among the Indians. When differing modes of instructing them became an obstacle to their conversion, Cepeda was sent to Mexico to simplify the Indian grammars printed there, and obtain a standard for the guidance of the missionaries.
Cepeda became Provincial of the Dominicans in Guatemala, 1593, and Commissary of the Inquisition.

## Works

The Artes de los idiomas Chiapanecos, Zoque, Tzendal y Chinanteco (probably the work of several authors) was published in 1560 under his name. The book no longer survives, but its former existence is well established, by Antonio de Remesal [es] at first, and by subsequent authors. It was the first book printed in America in four languages (five with the Spanish). The title is given variously, but the above is the correct one.
# Luca Chiumento

Luca Chiumento (born 19 November 1997) is an Italian rower who won a gold medal at the 2022 European Rowing Championships.
# Eric Howroyd

Eric Richard Aldred Howroyd (14 April 1900 – 13 June 1980) was an Australian politician.
The son of Charles Howroyd, Eric was born in Launceston. He was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in 1937 for Bass, and was government whip from 1937 to 1943. He was defeated in 1950 and returned in 1958 following a recount in Denison after Robert Cosgrove's resignation. He was defeated again in 1959. He served as a minister during his term.
# Gunzenhauser

Gunzenhauser may refer to:
* Gunzenhauser Museum, a museum and art gallery located in Chemnitz, Germany
* Stephen Gunzenhauser (born 1942), American conductor
# Dowd–Beckwith ring-expansion reaction

The Dowd–Beckwith ring-expansion reaction is an organic reaction in which a cyclic carbonyl (typically a β-keto ester) is expanded by up to 4 carbons in a free radical ring expansion reaction through an α-alkylhalo substituent. The radical initiator system is based on azobisisobutyronitrile and tributyltin hydride. The cyclic β-keto ester can be obtained through a Dieckmann condensation. The original reaction consisted of a nucleophilic aliphatic substitution of the enolate of ethyl cyclohexanone-2-carboxylate with 1,4-diiodobutane and sodium hydride followed by ring expansion to ethyl cyclodecanone-6-carboxylate. A side-reaction is organic reduction of the iodoalkane.

## Reaction mechanism

The reaction mechanism involves a bicyclic intermediate. The reaction is initiated by thermal decomposition of AIBN. The resulting radicals abstract hydrogen from tributyltin hydride to a tributyltin radical which in turn abstracts the halogen atom to form an alkyl radical. This radical attacks the carbonyl group to an intermediate bicyclic ketyl. This intermediate then rearranges with ring expansion to a new carbon radical species which recombines with a proton radical from tributyltin hydride propagating the catalytic cycle.

## Scope

A side reaction accompanying this ring expansion is organic reduction of the halo alkane to a saturated alkyl group. One study shows that the success depends critically on the accessibility of the carbonyl group. Deuterium experiments also show the presence of a 1,5 hydride shift. The reaction of the alkyl radical with the ester carbonyl group is also a possibility but has an unfavorable activation energy.
# Ian Williams

Ian Williams may refer to:
* Ian Williams (American football) (born 1989), Notre Dame nose tackle
* Ian Williams (fencer) (born 1967), British fencing coach
* Ian Williams (footballer, born 1942), Australian rules footballer for Geelong
* Ian Williams (footballer, born 1957), Australian rules footballer for Swan Districts and Footscray
* Ian Williams (musician) (born 1970), American guitarist
* Ian Williams (rugby union) (born 1963), Australian rugby union player
* Ian Williams (sailor) (born 1977), British sailor
* Ian Williams (speedway rider) (born 1931), Welsh speedway rider
* Ian Williams (tennis) (born 1971), American tennis player
* Ian Williams (writer), Canadian poet and fiction writer
# Amédée II de Talaru

Amédée Talaru (born in Lyon; died in Lyon on 11 February 1444) was a 15th-century French pseudocardinal appointed by the Antipope, Felix V. He is a nephew of pseudo-Cardinal Jean Talaru who like Amédée Talaru had also been Bishop of Lyon. He was also Primate of Gaul.
Amédée Talaru was canon of Saint-Just church and canon, grand canon and archdeacon of St. John of Lyon. He attended the Council of Constance as a member of the Chapter of Lyons and the Council of Basel. Talaru was elected archbishop of Lyon in 1415 which made him Primate of Lyon, Rouen, Tours and Sens. The anti-pope Felix V created him cardinal in the consistory of 12 November 1440.
# Zupus

Zupus may refer to:
* Giovanni Battista Zupi, Italian astronomer, mathematician, and Jesuit priest
* Zupu, Chinese clan register
* Zupus (crater), the lava-flooded remains of a lunar impact crater on a southwestern reach of the Oceanus Procellarum
# Ampoza ground roller

The Ampoza ground roller (Brachypteracias langrandi) was a species of bird in the ground roller family Brachypteraciidae. It is known only from a single humerus fossil discovered in 1929 in southwest Madagascar. Little is known about the species, but it is suggested that the bird's habitat becoming more arid was a contributing factor in its demise.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek brakhupteros, meaning short-winged. The species was named in honour of Olivier Langrand, an ornithologist who had worked in Madagascar.
# World record progression track cycling – Men's team sprint

This is an overview of the progression of the world track cycling record of the men's team sprint as recognised by the Union Cycliste Internationale.

## Progression

| Time | Cyclist | Location, velodrome | Track | Date |
| 42.950 | United Kingdom Jamie Staff Jason Kenny Chris Hoy | Beijing (CHN) | Indoor track | 15 August 2008 |
| 42.914 | Germany René Enders Maximilian Levy Stefan Nimke | Cali (COL) | Indoor track | 1 December 2011 |
| 42.600 | United Kingdom Philip Hindes Jason Kenny Chris Hoy | London (GBR) | Indoor track | 2 August 2012 |
| 41.871 | Germany Joachim Eilers René Enders Robert Förstemann | Aguascalientes (MEX) | Indoor track | 5 December 2013 |
| 41.275 | Netherlands Jeffrey Hoogland Harrie Lavreysen Roy van den Berg | Berlin (GER) | Indoor track | 26 February 2020 |
| 41.225 | Netherlands Jeffrey Hoogland Harrie Lavreysen Roy van den Berg | Berlin (GER) | Indoor track | 26 February 2020 |
| 41.191 | Netherlands Roy van den Berg Harrie Lavreysen Jeffrey Hoogland | Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (FRA) | Indoor track | 6 August 2024 |
| 40.949 | Netherlands Roy van den Berg Harrie Lavreysen Jeffrey Hoogland | Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (FRA) | Indoor track | 6 August 2024 |
# Wright Model H

The Wright Model H and Wright Model HS were enclosed fuselage aircraft built by the Wright Company

## Design and development

A direct development of the Model F, the Model H introduced side by side seating for the two pilots, with long-span wings similar to the Model F. A short-span version was also produced as the Model HS, marketed as a "Military Flyer" with the improvement of an enclosed fuselage and dual controls. Its wings were shorter than the Model H for increased speed.
The Model H was a two place, side-by-side configuration seating, open cockpit, biplane with twin rudders, powered with a single engine, propelled by two chain driven pusher propellers. The engine was fully enclosed in the nose of the aircraft with a driveshaft running rearward to the propeller drive chains.

## Operational history

Howard Reinhart purchased a Wright Model HS for Pancho Villa, who hired him in support of his insurgent force. It was one of three aircraft in his small air force.
In 2003, a Wright propeller matching the Model HS specifications was auctioned for over US$25,000. The construction of the propeller was hand carved wood with a linen covering, metal tips and a custom finish.

## Variants
### Model H

    (1914) 32 ft (9.8 m) span 3-bay wings similar to the Model F, also introduced side-by-side seating.

### Model HS

    (1915) Short span 26 ft 6 in (8.08 m) 2-bay wings

## Specifications (Wright Model HS)

Data from Flying
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 26 ft 6 in (8.08 m)
* Wingspan: 32 ft (9.8 m)
* Height: 9 ft (2.7 m)
* Wing area: 350 sq ft (33 m$^2$)
* Powerplant: 1 × Wright 6-60 6-cylinder water cooled inline piston, 60 hp (45 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed pusher propellers aft of the wings, 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) diameter
Performance
* Maximum speed: 70 mph (110 km/h, 61 kn)
* Stall speed: 30 mph (48 km/h, 26 kn)
* Rate of climb: 400 ft/min (2.0 m/s)
# Zodiac Clothing Company Ltd.

Zodiac Clothing Company Ltd. (ZCCL) is a manufacturer of men's clothing that owns the Zodiac, Zod! and z3 brands. The company produces men's apparel and accessories for Indian and international markets. It was started with the name of ‘House of Zodiac’ by M. Y. Noorani in 1954 as a necktie manufacturer. ZCCL was incorporated as a private limited company in 1984. It became a deemed public limited company in December 1993 and went public in January 1994.
As of 2018, Zodiac Clothing Company Ltd. has been following a company-owned model for its retail chain of 121 stores, with more than 2,100 direct on-roll employees and 1,500 independent retailers.

## Mergers and acquisitions

In 1992, Zodiac Textiles & Apparels Export Pvt. Ltd. (ZTAEPL), Multiplex Packaging Pvt. Ltd. (MPPL), and Bangalore-based Knitwear Pvt. Ltd. (BKPL) amalgamated with ZCCL. In 2004, ZCCL acquired a Dubai-based shirt manufacturing company for close to INR 25 crore.

## Marketing

In 1960, Ulka Kolkata, an advertising agency launched “The Zodiac Man” campaign for the marketing of ZODIAC's shirt and tie business. Dhanji Rana, the creative director of the agency, became the face of the marketing material design for the campaign. The campaign found considerable success in India, strongly placing ZODIAC in the men's formal and casual wear segments.

## Brands

Zodiac Clothing Company retails its products through three brands: ZODIAC (men's formal wear), and ZOD! Club Wear and z3 (relaxed casual wear).

### ZODIAC

Zodiac or ZODIAC brand is ZCCL's primary market face. ZCCL markets and sells formal shirts, trousers, and ties for men. The brand's main target audience is men over the age of 35. Zodiac is among the first formal ready-to-wear brands in India.

### ZOD!

Launched in 2002, ZOD! primarily sells casual men's shirts and party wear targeted toward young adults. The brand's descriptive indicator was chosen as “Club Wear” targeting active party goers, as well as nightclub and disco enthusiasts.
The brand was strategically placed in the segment to narrow it down from the broader classification of “casual wear”, due to the growing popularity of nightclubs during the time. The brand was launched with the slogan, “ZOD! - Are you game?”.

### z3

Launched in 2008, z3 is ZCCL's third brand, positioned as a youth-centered, casual wear brand. z3 includes shirts, braided belts, and socks, as well as pre-washed cloths made in Egyptian cotton with a "Trademark Vintage Wash".
# Ichnotropis grandiceps

Ichnotropis grandiceps is a species of African lizards in the family Lacertidae. They are commonly called Caprivi rough-scaled lizards as they are largely found in southwestern Africa on the border of the Caprivi Strip. The cape rough-scaled lizards are terrestrial and found in the range of open woodland and mesic savanna. The caprivi rough-scaled lizards are medium in size and distributed in parts of Namibia and Botswana. This species is on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List for endangered species as they are rare and has not been seen or collected since 1998. Data about the population or specimens collected are needed for the IUCN to obtain more information about the unknown threats that may be impacting them.

## Description

I. grandiceps are medium-sized lizards with slender bodies, long tails, and well developed legs. They are very similar to the type species Ichnotropis capensis, except I. grandiceps have larger heads. These lizards are no more than 70 mm in snout to vent length (SVL).
Identification of Ichnotropis includes the following:
* Cylindrical tail without lateral fringe
* Toes without serrated or fringed edge
* Smooth or tubular lamellae under toes
* Subocular scales bordering lip
* No collar present
* Keeled or overlapping dorsal scales
* Head shields smooth or slightly rough
The coloration of the adults consist of a uniform grey and yellowish brown backs with few scattered dark spots. A dark dorsolateral stripe that may be absent or faint, which runs from the head to the groin and breaks up into a line of lateral spots. The sides of the head and the belly are white. The juveniles have pale grey and brown backs with lateral stripes.

## Habitat

I. grandiceps can be found in open woodland, lime soil, or white sandy areas in Southwestern Africa. There are records that report this species in Namibia, and Botswana. These lizards seek shelter in soft soiled burrows, under rocks and brush.

## Biology

These lizards are insectivorous and feed on termites and other small insects. They are active hunters during the day. This species is rare and have not been collected in some time.

### Taxonomy and evolution

Based on morphological evidence the South African genus Ichnotropis and the North American genus Psammodromus diverged from a common ancestor from the lineage of Lacerta lepida and Lacerta monticola during the Oligocene epoch (24 to 36 million years ago).
# Wróbel (disambiguation)

Wróbel is a Polish surname literally meaning "sparrow".
Wróbel or Wrobel may also refer to:
* Wróbel, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, village in northern Poland
* Henryk Wróbel was the Polish nickname of Henry VIII the Sparrow
* Wrobel Vroby 2, French powered parachute
* ZU-23-2M "Wróbel", Polish naval version of ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft twin-barreled autocannon
# Çaltı, Gündoğmuş

Çaltı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Gündoğmuş, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 209 (2022).
# Wrestling at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's Greco-Roman 130 kg

The Men's Greco-Roman 130 kg competition of the Wrestling events at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima was held on August 8 at the Miguel Grau Coliseum.

## Results

All times are local (UTC−5)

### Final

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals |
| Moisés Pérez (VEN) | 6 | | | | |
| Edgardo López (PUR) | 1 | Moisés Pérez (VEN) | 7 | | |
| Leo Santana (DOM) | 8 | Leo Santana (DOM) | 0 | | |
| Daniel Medina (PER) | 0 | | | Moisés Pérez (VEN) | 0 |
| Yasmani Acosta (CHI) | 8 | | | Mijaín López (CUB) | 9 |
| Adam Coon (USA) | 0 | Yasmani Acosta (CHI) | 0 | | |
| Luciano del Río (ARG) | 0 | Mijaín López (CUB) | 4 | | |
| Mijaín López (CUB) | 8 | | | | |

### Repechage

| Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| Edgardo López (PUR) | 0 |
| Leo Santana (DOM) | 2 |
| Luciano del Río (ARG) | 0 |
| Yasmani Acosta (CHI) | 9 |
# Ichthyophis asplenius

Ichthyophis asplenius is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae found in Malaysia and possibly Thailand. It is also known as broad-striped caecilian, Boven Mahakkam caecilian and Malayan caecilian. It is only known with certainty from Mahakam River and Matang Hunting Reserve Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, plantations, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land.
# Ida A. T. Arms

Ida A. T. Arms (née, Taggard; August 27, 1856 – October 30, 1931) was an American missionary-educator and temperance leader. She served as principal of Concepción College in Concepción, Chile and as president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in Chile. Arms translated a number of books from English to Spanish. Her biography was published posthumously.

## Early life and education

Ida Almira Taggard was born at Northfield, Vermont, August 27, 1856. Her parents were John Taggard and Olive (Harvey) Taggard. Five of Ida's younger siblings, Wallace, Henry, Ella, Tinnie and Franky died as young children. Her father died during the Civil War. Her mother died when Ida was eleven. Orphaned, she went to live with Rev. Ira Beard and his wife.
She was educated in the public schools of Northfield. At the age of 13, she entered the Montpelier Seminary. At the age of 14, Arms taught school at Topsham, Maine, and in 1871, she held a teaching position near Chicago, Illinois. Finally completing all the requirements, she graduated from the Seminary in 1875.

## Career

During the period of 1875-1883, Taggard was a teacher in various institutions.
On January 17, 1883, she married Rev. Goodsil F. Arms. They sailed to Chile, being under appointment as missionaries in the self-support" work of Bishop William Taylor of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They were stationed at Concepción, Chile where Arms served as lady principal of Concepción College (1888-1915).
In April 1894, Arms had to be taken to the hospital at Valparaiso, Chile for an operation. A later operation was required, necessitating a trip to New York City. After eight months, she was able to return to Chile and resume her work at Concepción College.
Active in the work of the WCTU during her career as a teacher in the U.S., Arms, on her removal to Chile, became president first of the English and then of the Spanish WCTU in that country. She was a delegate to the World’s WCTU Convention in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1903. After another visit to the U.S. in 1915, to regain her health, she resumed missionary and temperance work in Chile the following year, with a change of location to Coquimbo.
Later, Arms translated a number of English language books into Spanish.

## Death and legacy

Arms died at her home in Tarpon Springs, Florida on October 30, 1931. She was buried at Elmwood Cemetery in Northfield. A biography, A life in His presence; the life and letters of Mrs. Ida A.T. Arms was compiled and published in 1933 by Bessie C. Howland.

## Selected works

* A life in His presence; the life and letters of Mrs. Ida A.T. Arms (1933) (Text)
# Anacampsis aedificata

Anacampsis aedificata is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1929. It is found in Brazil (Para).
The wingspan is about 8 mm.
# Anacampsis anisogramma

Anacampsis anisogramma is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1927. It is found in China (Shanghai).
The wingspan is about 17 mm. The forewings are rather dark grey, pale-speckled and with an irregular blotch of blackish-grey suffusion on the base of the dorsum and a small transverse spot of dark grey suffusion in the disc at one-fifth. The stigmata are minute and dark fuscous, the plical slightly before the first discal, the second discal larger but absorbed in the margin of a blackish fascia crossing the wing at two-thirds, the anterior edge suffused, convex, the posterior slightly bisinuate, edged on the costal third by an oblique wedge-shaped whitish-ochreous spot, beneath this by a fine faint whitish tinge. There is also a marginal series of seven small triangular blackish spots around the apical part of the costa and termen. The hindwings are rather dark grey.
# Anacampsis conclusella

Anacampsis conclusella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1864. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Alberta, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and West Virginia.
The wingspan is 9 mm. Adults are dark cinereous (ash gray), the forewings very minutely speckled with black and with a pale cinereous transverse line at two-thirds of the length, forming two angles. There are three black costal marks, the first and second small and elongate and the third much larger, extending to the disc. A submarginal line of elongated black points, and a few small elongated black points is found in the disc and the exterior border is slightly convex, moderately oblique.