OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# IgA specific serine endopeptidase

IgA protease (EC 3.4.21.72, IgA-specific serine endopeptidase, IgA proteinase, IgA-specific proteinase, immunoglobulin A protease, immunoglobulin A proteinase) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction$^{[reactionequationneeded]}$
It performs cleavage of human immunoglobulin A subclass 1 (IgA1) molecules in the heavy chain hinge region but does not cleave IgA2. No small molecule substrates are known.
This enzyme is secreted by Gram-negative bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae.
The action of IgA protease allows the above mentioned bacteria to adhere to mucous membranes.
An IgA protease is a highly specific 106kDa enzyme that cleaves amino acid sequences of certain proteins. The natural substrate of IgA proteases is immunoglobulin A, hence its name. The enzyme is in fact capable of cleavage of proteins with the amino acid sequence Cleaves N-X-Z-Pro-Pro/-Y-Pro-C, where the X in the sequence preferably is a Proline or Serine; the Y = Threonine, Serine or Alanine; and Z preferably is Arginine or Threonine. Because of the sequence that the enzyme is able to cleave, it is also called IgAse Pro-Pro-Y-Pro. Thus, the IgA protease act by cleaving the proline-rich hinge region of the heavy chain of IgA1. Three major bacteria, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae type B, release the IgA protease which destroys IgA.
# Harper County

Harper County is the name of two counties in the United States:
* Harper County, Kansas
* Harper County, Oklahoma
# Elwood Henneman

Elwood Henneman (1915 – 22 February 1996) was an American neurophysiologist who studied the properties of vertebrate motor neurons.

## Biography and Research

Henneman received his bachelor's degree from Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1937. In 1943 he finished his medical studies at McGill University in Montreal. During a research fellowship at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, Henneman and colleague, Vernon Mountcastle, showed that tactile information about the extremities is represented in an orderly map in the ventrolateral thalamus of the cat and monkey. Further research positions followed, including at the Royal Victorian Hospital and at the Illinois Neuropsychiatric Institute (NPI) in Chicago. At NPI, Henneman discovered that the drug Mephenesin (Myensin) inhibits interneurons in the spinal cord and thus causes muscle relaxation. This discovery helped lead to the development of muscle relaxant drugs.
Of greater impact for the scientific community was Henneman's work describing the physiology of motor neurons, the neurons that control contraction of the muscles. In 1957, Henneman published experimental results that showed that motor neurons that project to the same muscle are recruited on the basis of their size. Henneman's Size Principle describes this relationship.
In 1971, Henneman became chair of the Department of Physiology at Harvard Medical School, a position he held until his retirement in 1984.

## Awards and honors

In 1997, Henneman was posthumously elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

## Death

Elwood Henneman passed away in 1996 at age 80, of heart failure.

## Literature

Hans Peter Clamann: Elwood Henneman and the Size Principle. Journal of the history of the neurosciences. Vol. 11, no. 4 (Dec. 2002) p. 420–421.
# Charbonnières-les-Varennes

Charbonnières-les-Varennes (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.
# Golden-backed whistler

The golden-backed whistler (Pachycephala aurea) or yellow-backed whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found throughout New Guinea.
# Korak, Nepal

Korak is a village development committee in Chitwan District in the Narayani Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,320 people living in 752 individual households.
# Drug Tax

Drug Tax is the debut studio EP from the American rock band Fruit & Flowers.

## Content

The seven-track EP was on transparent red 12"-vinyl and digital download with Little Dickman Records, on June 30, 2017. It was recorded at Thump Studios in Brooklyn, New York City, produced by Fruit & Flowers and John Thayor, and engineered by John Thayor. Mixing and mastering is by George Harris. Album artwork is by drummer Joe Berrio. Drug Tax is described as a mix of surf, punk, garage, psychedelic rock and pop. It contains motifs of the beach and summer, and it draws comparison to the music of the Breeders.
The first single "Out of Touch" was released on May 19, 2017, and the second single "Subway Surfer" on June 26, 2017. The record release party for Drug Tax was held at Baby's All Right in Brooklyn, New York City, on June 29, 2017.

## Reception

A review from The Spill Magazine awards Drug Tax four out of five stars, writing "out of the depths of alt rock, a gritty sound emerges with an edgy twist on traditional surf rock [with] haunting vocals, punchy bass lines and beautifully simple lyrics. This first taste of the grunge surf rockers hailing from Brooklyn prove they are a force to be reckoned with and a sound to be listening for." Speak Into My Good Eye describes the EP as "tootsie pop core [with] dark surfy tuneage that rips [and] specializ[es] in mysterious tones and harmony laden tunes, balancing out the beauty and darkness."
John Pfeiffer in The Aquarian Weekly names "Pick Fairy" his favorite song on Drug Tax, calling it an "extraordinary odyssey that combines the band's punkish style with an abstract style of compositional expertise that's hard to describe with adjectives aimed at other groups. This song is just so eerie and addictively refreshing. Fast-paced and sharp, the stops and accents make this song a top-notch contender in music today. Guitar riffs snake seductively as vocal harmonies wash over the entire piece." The Deli describe it as a "surfy sonic fun with garagey and psych overtones [and] deliciously droney[,] with fast-paced and fleshed-out guitar parts backed by a tight rhythm section. To top it all off, they layer dreaminess all over [it] through lead vocalist Caroline's saccharine soprano." Bob Makin in Institute for Nonprofit News calls "Out of Touch" a "sleepy, gnarly blend of ringing surf guitar; fat, tubular bass riffs and understated girl-band garage strut," and "Subway Surfer," is described as an "upbeat salute to the Ramones hanging out on a Rockaway Beach with the Go-Go's. Layers of rich, sweet and varied vocals, plus a shredding guitar solo."

## Personnel

* Ana Becker – guitar and vocals
* Jose Berrio – drums
* Lyzi Wakefield – guitar and vocals
* Caroline Yoder – vocals and bass
# Sennett

Sennett may refer to:
* Blake Sennett (born 1973), American musician
* George Burritt Sennett (1840–1900), American ornithologist and businessman
* Mack Sennett (1880–1960), Canadian movie director
* Maud Arncliffe Sennett (1862–1935) British suffragette
* Richard Sennett (born 1943), American sociologist
* Sennett, New York, a town in New York, United States
# Frank Williams (rugby, fl. 1910s)

Frank Williams (birth unknown – death unknown) was a Welsh rugby union and professional rugby league footballer and journalist. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Swansea RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain and Wales, and at club level for Halifax as a wing. After retiring from rugby, he became a journalist, and worked as the sports editor for the Halifax Courier & Guardian for over 20 years.

## Rugby career

Born in Birmingham, Williams moved to Swansea at a young age. He began playing rugby union at school, and represented Wales against England schoolboys.
He began playing for Swansea RFC as a centre at the age of 17, and played for the club until 1913, when he was persuaded to turn professional and join rugby league club Halifax.
Williams won a cap for Wales while at Halifax in 1914, and was also included in the squad for the 1914 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New Zealand. He won two caps against Australia on the tour, including in the famous "Rorke's Drift" Test.
His playing career ended in 1919–20, when he was forced to retire for medical reasons.

## News career

After ending his playing career, Williams became a journalist for the Halifax Guardian until the paper merged with the Halifax Courier in 1921. After briefly returning to rugby in a coaching role, he joined the newly merged newspaper (now known as the Halifax Courier & Guardian). In 1938, he became sports editor for the newspaper, and remained in the role until his retirement in 1960.
# Seneca Meadows Landfill

42°54′50″N 76°50′42″W﻿ / ﻿42.914016°N 76.844945°W﻿ / 42.914016; -76.844945 Seneca Meadows, owned by Seneca Meadows, Inc. (SMI) is a landfill in Seneca Falls, New York, near Town of Waterloo, with almost 400 acres (160 ha) of landfill and a 2,600 acres (1,100 ha) facility. It is the largest active landfill in New York State, as well as Seneca County's fourth largest industrial employer. At peak times, the company employs more than 160 full-time workers. In 2005, it accepted more than 6,000 tons of garbage a day from multiple states (then three). The height limit was 280 feet (85 m). Methane gas is sent to a nearby independent facility for producing electricity, some of which Seneca Meadows buys back for its own power needs. Seneca Meadows began producing gas for electricity in 1995, then producing 2.4 Megawatts. Today it produces 18 Megawatts, enough to power 15,000 to 18,000 homes. Seneca Meadows parent company, IESI Corporation, claims that the revenue of the landfill is around $48 million.

## History

The landfill accepts trash from New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It will continue its operation through at least 2023.
The site was first created in 1953 and owned by the Tantalo Construction. Tantalo Construction was later purchased and the corporation's name was changed to Seneca Meadows Inc. Seneca Meadows Inc. was later purchased by Canadian company IESI.
Seneca Meadows recycles about two million tires a year, making it one of the largest tire recyclers in the country. The tires are chopped up and the chips used in place of stone for drainage.
In 2007, a 181-acre (0.73 km$^2$) expansion was added that was estimated to provide 14 years of landfilling.
In 2009, Seneca Meadows opened its Environmental Education Center, a LEED Gold Certified building, which uses geothermal heat. Environmental related courses and labs for area schools are held there by the Audubon Society staff. The building was part of a wetland creation project which the landfill was required to do because natural wetland was taken by the landfill during expansion. The amount and extensiveness of the wetland created, however, was far beyond the minimum requirement, exceeding 1,000 acres in total.
In a pre-election event in 2010, New York State Senate challenger Edward O'Shea questioned his Republican opponent Mike Nozzolio for accepting a $4,000 campaign donation from Seneca Meadows. Nozzolio won re-election.
In 2015, a US$3.3 billion, 20-year contract to haul trash to Seneca Meadows from New York City by train moved towards approval. A railyard would be built adjacent the landfill to replace many of the current 50 trucks a day, carrying 1,415 tons, with approximately 30-car trains.
# Franz Schmidberger

Franz Schmidberger FSSPX (born 19 October 1946) is a priest of the Society of St. Pius X, founded by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre.

## Biography

Graduated in 1972 in the university of Munich, in the same year he entered the seminary of Écône where he was ordained priest on 8 December 1975. Later he taught in the seminary of Weissbad, the first German speaking seminary of the Society.
In 1978 he founded the seminary of Zaitzkofen in Germany, where he was appointed district superior from 1979.
In 1982 Schmidberger was appointed superior general of the society of St Pius X (quitting the post of district superior). In 1994, he was succeeded by Bishop Bernard Fellay. He subsequently served as 1st General Assistant (1994-2006), Austrian (1996-2000) and again German (2006-2013) district superior as well as regent of the Zaitzkofen seminary (2003-2005 and 2013-2020).
With Fellay, he is said to be part of a faction that favours reconciliation with Rome on the basis of the Campos precedent, a program which is reportedly opposed by the other bishops of the SSPX.
In a letter that he addressed to the Catholic bishops of Germany in October 2008, Schmidberger rejected the description that Pope John Paul II had applied to the Jews: "our older brothers in the faith", and declared that "for as long as they do not distance themselves from their forefathers' guilt through the avowal of Christ's divinity and baptism, they are complicit in the deicide".
# Franz Schleiff

Oberleutnant Franz Schleiff (born 19 September 1896, date of death unknown) was a World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories. Nine additional combat claims went uncredited.

## Aerial service
### Russia and Palestine

Schlieff joined German aviation in July 1915. After training at FEA 9 in Darmstadt, he was assigned to FA 54, an artillery cooperation unit operating on the Eastern Front. From there, he was transferred to FA 300 in Palestine. On 11 May 1917, he shot down a Martinsyde Elephant over Beersheba. He scored again, on 25 June, but failed to get confirmation when he forced an enemy fighter to land on the 29th. For his efforts, Schlieff was decorated by the Turkish government.

### France

His next move took him to the Western Front, to Jagdstaffel 41, in October 1917. He scored once for them, on 6 December 1917. On 9 January 1918, he was promoted to command of Jagdstaffel 56. Beginning 19 February, and running through 24 March, he tallied nine more confirmed victories, and an unconfirmed one. On 26 March, he received the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern. On 27 March, he was wounded in the hand by a tracer bullet, and the hand had to be amputated. This ended Schlieff's flying career.
Schlieff claimed 12 victories and was nominated for the Pour le Merite, but did not receive it.

## Sources of information

* ↑ Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918. p. 201.
* 1 2 3 The Aerodrome website http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/germany/schleiff.php Retrieved on 16 April 2010.
* 1 2 Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918. pp. 200–201.
* ↑ Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918. p. 200.
# Francisco Cáceres

Francisco Cáceres (born 8 October 1974) is a Salvadoran weightlifter. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Frank Alpe

Frank Alpe (26 March 1884 – 10 March 1958) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Wellington in 1908/09.
# Selva Selvaratnam

Selva Selvaratnam is a British businessman born in India.
Selvaratnam was born in India, but moved to the UK in the early 1980s. After receiving a PhD in electronics from Cardiff University he set up his own firm, Panjia Technologies, in 1984/1985, which was subsequently acquired by HID Global Corporation/Assa Abloy.
After the acquisition, Selvaratnam was an executive vice president of engineering at HID Global Corporation. He later became the chief technology officer and senior vice president at the company. In this role, he received the prestigious Gold Shield Award which is awarded by the Global Security Industry Alliance to professionals who have made "outstanding contributions in the global security industry".
Since April 2015, Selvaratnam has been the chief technology officer at De La Rue. From 2015 until 2019 he was appointed with De La Rue to form the organisation and strategy for products, technology and services to transition the group into a technology-led entity. He is currently working as CEO of OpSec Security.
# François Gilson

François Gilson (French:; born 16 November 1965) is a Belgian comics author. Signing his work simply as Gilson, he is best known for Mélusine.

## Biography

François Gilson was born in 1965 in Arolsen, West Germany, where his father, who was with the Belgian Army, was stationed. He studied art at the Academy of Fine Arts in his hometown Liège, but soon turned to writing instead of artwork. Gilson created his first comic Rebecca in 1987, with Clarke, an old friend from school (born on the same day as Gilson) with whom he had started the fanzine Cafard already in secondary school. He professionally started working for Spirou magazine in 1989, where he became one of the main writers. Apart from contributing to the existing series Scrameustache, he wrote new series like Cactus Club for Bercovici, Mélusine for Clarke, and Garage Isidore for Olis (later succeeded by Stédo).
# François Gillet

François Gillet (France, 1949) is a French photographer based in Stockholm, best known for his still life and child images. He studied photography at the Arts University College at Bournemouth and graduated 1971. Published in international magazines, he has been commissioned by clients all over the world for advertising campaigns such as Fuji (Japan), Silk-Cut (London), Korean airlines, Brown Brothers wineries (Australia), Bonne Maman (France), Orrefors (Sweden). He is also the author of monumental geoglyphs, mosaïcs shot in the Australian Bush, exhibited at the Foto Mässan trade show in Stockholm.

## Exhibitions

* FotoMässan Stockholm 2008 "Le Pays du Rêve "
* FotoMässan Stockholm 2007 ”Cubisteries”
* FotoMässan Stockholm 2006 ”Suite Automnale”
* Bièvres: Musée Francais de la Photographie, 1996
* Malmö: Exponera Warehouse Photo gallery, 1996
* Stockholm: World Trade Centre, 1993
* Sweden: Frövifors pappersbruk, 1993
* Paris: « Nudes » Salon de la Photo, 1993
* Milano: Gallery Il Milione, 1986
* Tokyo: Photopia, 1983

### Group exhibitions

* Bournemouth: "From here to there" 2009 The Arts Institute
* Arles: « La photographie publicitaire en France » 2006 Musée de l´Arles
* Paris: « La photographie publicitaire en France » De Man Ray à Jean Paul Goude, 2006 Les Arts Décoratifs
* Camera Obscura Stockholm-“ Lust” 1984

## Awards

* Top Job Award 1998 photokina, Köln
* Folio Award Australia 1993 Excellence in Magazine Advertising
* London International Advertising Award 1994
* Lions, Cannes 1993 (Silk-Cut) Gold Lion
* Press Advertising Award, England 1993
* Platina Ägget 1990 ABCD Award, Sweden
* D&AD England 1990
* Campaign Poster Advertising Award England 1983–1993
* Australian Writers & Directors 1988–1989–1990
* Eurobest 1989
* Guld Ägget 1982 ABCD Award, Sweden
* Kodak Fotokalendar Preis, Germany 1988
* The Art Directors Club Merit Award 1988
* The Art Directors Club 59th Annual Exhibition USA Merit Award 1980
* Clio Award 1979

## Books

* Sekund, Mikael; Gillet, François (1994). Seize the Light!: A Chronicle of Orrefors Glass. Orrefors. OCLC 186689781.
* Gillet, François; Ustinov, Peter; Gehler, Jochen; Kampf, Hilmar (1991). Pour gourmets. Ceres-Verl. OCLC 75277320.
* Gillet, François; Palazzoli, Daniela (1986). Cubisteries. Electa-Mondadori. OCLC 220518505.
* Le Petit Théatre. Publicness. 1982.
* Le Petit Théatre- Japanese edition, 1982
* L'album de François Gillet. Zoom-Paris/Landmark Book Co. 1981. ISBN 2-903822-00-X.
# Sengerich

Sengerich is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# Frankis

Frankis is the name of:
* Frankis Carol (born 1987), Cuban handballer
* Frankis T. Evans FRCS (1900–1974), dean of the Royal College of Anaesthetists
* Gianni Frankis (born 1988), British-born Italian athlete
# Fred Lee (cricketer, born 1871)

Frederick Marshall Lee (8 January 1871 – 18 November 1914) played first-class cricket for Kent and Somerset County Cricket Clubs between 1895 and 1907. He was born in Kensington in London and died at Wonford near Exeter in Devon.
Educated at Uppingham School and the Royal Agricultural College, Lee was a right-handed batsman and an occasional left-arm spin bowler. He made his first-class cricket debut in two matches for Kent in 1895; in the first of these, he made 12 in his first innings against a Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) side including W. G. Grace, and 0 in his second innings. But in his second match, against Middlesex, he failed to score in either innings and he did not appear for Kent again.
In the 1902 season, Lee reappeared in first-class cricket as a lower order batsman for Somerset. He played seven matches in 1902 without great success, but in 1903 and 1904 he was a regular member of the team. He made little impact in 1903 until, coming in at No 9 with Somerset at 142 for seven wickets against a Gloucestershire total of 172, he made an unbeaten 73 and took the side through to a match-winning lead. A week later, Lee played a second innings of 73 and this time the match was more sensational. Somerset had trailed Lancashire by 68 runs on the first innings in the match at Old Trafford, but batted steadily in the second innings. Lee came in at 211 for six wickets and his 73, the top score of the innings, helped Somerset to a total of 361, after which Len Braund and Beaumont Cranfield bowled Lancashire out for 111 to complete a Somerset victory by 182 runs. Lee's lower order success saw him moved up the Somerset batting order and in August in the match against Middlesex at Taunton he made 83 in a high-scoring match, and this proved to be the highest score of his first-class career. In the 1903 season, Lee made 627 runs at an average of 23.22.
Lee's figures for the 1904 season were even better: 677 runs at an average of 25.07. His best game of the season was against the South Africans, when he top-scored in both innings with an unbeaten 79 in the first and 39 in the second. Having played in every County Championship match in 1904, Lee became less regular and less successful in 1905 and 1906, playing in a dozen games each season and passing 50 only once. In 1907, he appeared in only seven matches, and though he made 71, the top score of the match, in a very tight game at Bath against Lancashire, he mustered only 85 runs in 11 other innings and when he lost his place in the team he did not manage to regain it.
The son of a merchant, Lee was the main investor behind the initial work of Edward Raymond Turner in developing a method of showing cinematic film in colour. Lee and Turner patented the Lee-Turner process in 1900, although Lee's sold his interest in the project to Charles Urban in 1902.
Lee lived with his brother at Chard in Somerset. He died at Wonford House Hospital, a psychiatric hospital, in Devon in November 1914 aged 43.