OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Merchant Mariner's Document

Under the Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention, 1958, countries with a merchant navy (also called a merchant marine) require identifying credentials for their mariners. The Merchant Mariner's Document (MMD) or Z-card in the United States, and the Ordinary Seaman's Certificate in the United Kingdom are examples of these credentials.

## United Kingdom

An Ordinary Seaman Certificate is a required certification to obtain a job as an Ordinary Seaman, a rating in a merchant ship's deck department. It consists mostly of proof of identity, proof of some minimal health (possibly including a drug test) and some minimal age, and the standards defined under Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW).

## United States

The Merchant Mariner's Document (MMD), previously called a Z-Card, is a kind of Merchant Mariner Credential previously issued by the United States Coast Guard in accordance with the STCW guidelines, and, until completely phased out, remains one of the standard documents required for all crewmembers of U.S. ships with a Gross Tonnage of over 100. An entry-level MMD allows a mariner to work on the deck as an Ordinary Seaman (OS), in the engine department as a Wiper, or in the steward's department as a Food Handler (FH). With experience and testing, qualified ratings such as Able Seaman (AB) or Qualified Member of the Engine Department (QMED) can be obtained. The document is about the size of a passport, and contains the sailor's information regarding date of birth, the location of issue, nationality, and the shipboard duties he or she is qualified for.
The document was created shortly after World War II ended in 1945 in order to maintain security in ports around the world when sabotage was still a major concern. Today, the document still serves this purpose, and is regarded as a proof of identity and a passport when a sailor is in a foreign country. The document has to be renewed every five years.
Prior to the early 1990s, Z-Cards were obtained free of charge and were good for life, but increased safety standards in the maritime industry sought to require all active mariners to renew these documents and constantly train to stay abreast of any advancements in their field. All applicants for a Z-Card are required to apply, take a drug test, and wait for a criminal background check to complete before receiving their documents, which can take from a few weeks to several years.
The name Z-Card comes from its early days, when a sailor's ID number always started with the letter 'Z'.
The Coast Guard has begun replacing the Merchant Mariner's Document, STCW Certificate, and Certificate of Registry with a new credential, a passport-style Merchant Mariner Credential. Mariners receive the new credential when they apply for a new document or renew their current one. Current MMDs remain valid until their expiration date.
# Merritt Island (California)

The Merritt Island AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Yolo County, California. Part of the larger Clarksburg AVA, Merritt Island is a 5,000 acres (2,023 ha) island in the Sacramento River Delta. The island is surrounded by Elk Slough, Sutter Slough, and the Sacramento River. The island soil is a very fertile and rich loam. Cool breezes and fog arriving from the nearby San Francisco Bay create a cool maritime climate. Most grapes grown on Merritt Island are used in blends with grapes from other parts of the state. Merritt Island is administered under Reclamation District 150.
# Mervyn Henry Stevenson

Mervyn Henry Stevenson (1926-2001) served as a Queensland police officer from 1947 until 1982. He started as a bush cop and ended up as the superintendent in charge of the Townsville Police District, though his retirement years were tainted with the spectre of corruption.

## Renowned bushman

Described as "the last of the corned beef and damper coppers", Stevenson made a name for himself as a horseman, cattleman and bushman. He gained notoriety in 1950 at the northern township of Coen for tracking down on horseback a group of 12 Aborigines wanted for questioning over the murder of an indigenous police boy. In 1965 he was promoted to detective sergeant and named officer-in-charge of the CIB stock squad based in Charters Towers.

## Crooked Creek Cattle Company

The cattle duffing racket of north Queensland police was mentioned in the Australian House of Representatives in 2006 by the Federal Member for Kennedy, Bob Katter. He referred to it as ‘the crooked creek cattle company’. He told parliament he had given evidence about it when he was a senior minister of the Queensland government. He also acknowledged the very courageous actions of ABC journalist Steve Austin, who exposed the situation.

## Disappearance of Tony Jones

In 1992 Townsville police published an identikit sketch of a person wanted for questioning in relation to the suspected murder of a young West Australian hitchhiker, Tony Jones, who disappeared without trace in 1982. On the night of the disappearance, the suspect, believed to be involved in the cattle industry, was allegedly dining with Jones at the Rising Sun Hotel and planning to give him a lift to Charters Towers. The Townsville Bulletin reported that the identikit sketch matched a "former policeman", whose identity was subsequently confirmed during the 2002 coronial inquest into Jones's disappearance as being none other than Mervyn Henry Stevenson.

## Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame

Stevenson avoided prosecution and was eventually inducted into the Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame in 2001. He died of cancer on 16 December 2001 and was farewelled by a police guard of honour at his funeral in Townsville.
# Meppeler Sport Club

MSC is a football club from Meppel, Netherlands.

## History

MSC played in the 2017–18 Sunday Hoofdklasse A. and in the 2019–20 Hoofdklasse.
After disbanding its Sunday team, it plays in the Vierde Klasse.
# Mesopontine tegmentum

The mesopontine tegmentum refers to an area of tissue that lies at the junction of mesencephalon and the pons. The dorsal area of this is the pontine tegmentum.
The region contains cholinergic neurons.
# Meridiotroctes bicristata

Meridiotroctes bicristata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Vanessa S. Machado and Marcela L. Monné in 2009.
# Mestad

Mestad is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Henrik Mestad (born 1964), Norwegian actor
* Mette Mestad (born 1958), Norwegian biathlete
* Viking Mestad (1930–2013), Norwegian banker and politician
# Metacarpal arteries

Metacarpal arteries can refer to:
* Palmar metacarpal arteries (arteriae metacarpales palmares, arteriae metacarpeae volares)
* Dorsal metacarpal arteries (arteriae metacarpales dorsales)
# Metepeira arizonica

Metepeira arizonica is a species of orb weaver in the spider family Araneidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
# Metepeira

Metepeira is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1903. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek μετά and the obsolete genus name Epeira, denoting a genus similar to Epeira.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains forty-four species found from Argentina to Canada, including Caribbean islands:
* Metepeira arizonica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA, Mexico
* Metepeira atascadero Piel, 2001 – Mexico
* Metepeira bengryi (Archer, 1958) – Jamaica
* Metepeira brunneiceps Caporiacco, 1954 – French Guiana
* Metepeira cajabamba Piel, 2001 – Ecuador, Peru
* Metepeira calamuchita Piel, 2001 – Argentina
* Metepeira celestun Piel, 2001 – Mexico
* Metepeira chilapae Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 – Mexico
* Metepeira comanche Levi, 1977 – USA, Mexico
* Metepeira compsa (Chamberlin, 1916) – Puerto Rico to Argentina
* Metepeira crassipes Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA, Mexico
* Metepeira datona Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA, Greater Antilles
* Metepeira desenderi Baert, 1987 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.)
* Metepeira foxi Gertsch & Ivie, 1936 – USA, Canada
* Metepeira galatheae (Thorell, 1891) – Chile, Argentina
* Metepeira glomerabilis (Keyserling, 1892) – Colombia to Paraguay, Brazil
* Metepeira gosoga Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA, Mexico
* Metepeira grandiosa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941 – North America
* Metepeira gressa (Keyserling, 1892) – Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
* Metepeira inca Piel, 2001 – Peru
* Metepeira incrassata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 – Mexico
* Metepeira jamaicensis Archer, 1958 – Hispaniola, Jamaica, Grand Cayman Is.
* Metepeira karkii (Tullgren, 1901) – Chile, Argentina
* Metepeira labyrinthea (Hentz, 1847) – North America
* Metepeira lacandon Piel, 2001 – Mexico
* Metepeira lima Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – Peru
* Metepeira maya Piel, 2001 – Mexico to Costa Rica
* Metepeira minima Gertsch, 1936 – USA to Honduras
* Metepeira nigriventris (Taczanowski, 1878) – Peru, Bolivia
* Metepeira olmec Piel, 2001 – Mexico to Panama
* Metepeira pacifica Piel, 2001 – Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica
* Metepeira palustris Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA, Canada
* Metepeira petatlan Piel, 2001 – Mexico
* Metepeira pimungan Piel, 2001 – USA
* Metepeira rectangula (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile, Argentina
* Metepeira revillagigedo Piel, 2001 – Mexico
* Metepeira roraima Piel, 2001 – Colombia, Brazil, Guyana
* Metepeira spinipes F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 – USA, Mexico
* Metepeira tarapaca Piel, 2001 – Peru, Chile
* Metepeira triangularis (Franganillo, 1930) – Cuba, Hispaniola
* Metepeira uncata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 – Guatemala to Costa Rica
* Metepeira ventura Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA, Mexico
* Metepeira vigilax (Keyserling, 1893) – Hispaniola, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina
* Metepeira ypsilonota Mello-Leitão, 1940 – Brazil
# Meryan

Meryan may refer to:
* Meryan people, a historic ethnic group of Russia
* Meryan language, an extinct Uralic language
* Meryan Rodnovery, a religious movement of Russia
* Maryan, Iran (disambiguation), or Meryan, several places in Iran
# Meryam Joobeur

Meryam Joobeur is a Tunisian Canadian film director. She is most noted for her 2018 short film Brotherhood (Ikhwène), which won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2018 Toronto International Film Festival and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film at the 92nd Academy Awards.
Raised in Tunisia and the United States, she is currently based in Montreal, Quebec, where she is a graduate of the Cinema-Communications program at Dawson College and the Mel Hoppenheim School of Cinema at Concordia University. Prior to Brotherhood, she wrote and directed the short films Gods, Weeds and Revolutions (2012) and Born in the Maelstrom (2017).
In 2020, Joobeur was one of the recipients of the 2020 Top 25 Canadian Immigrant Awards.
Her debut feature film went into development in 2021, with the working title Motherhood. Joobeur participated in the Sundance Screenwriters' Lab at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival, where she was awarded the $10,000 Sundance Institute/NHK Award toward the film's production. The film is slated to premiere at the 74th Berlin International Film Festival, as Who Do I Belong To (Mé el Aïn).
# List of storms named Adrian

The name Adrian has been used for eight tropical cyclones in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.
* Tropical Storm Adrian (1981), remained off the coast of Mexico
* Tropical Storm Adrian (1987), looped off the coast of Mexico
* Hurricane Adrian (1993), a Category 1 hurricane, remained well out to sea
* Hurricane Adrian (1999), a Category 2 hurricane, remained off the coast of Mexico
* Hurricane Adrian (2005), a Category 1 hurricane that made landfall in Central America
* Hurricane Adrian (2011), a strong Category 4 hurricane that passed to the south of the coast of Mexico
* Tropical Storm Adrian (2017), formed southeast of the Gulf of Tehuantepec and remained offshore
* Hurricane Adrian (2023), a Category 2 hurricane that remained in the open ocean
# List of storms named Adeline

The name Adeline has been used for two tropical cyclones in the Australian basin.
* Tropical Cyclone Adeline (1973), which formed in the Gulf of Carpentaria and made landfall in the easternmost part of the Northern Territory
* Cyclone Adeline-Juliet (2005), which formed near the Cocos Islands and churned in the open ocean; renamed when it moved west of 90°E.
# List of storms named Adele

The name Adele has been used for four tropical cyclones worldwide.
In the Eastern Pacific Ocean:
* Hurricane Adele (1966), which made landfall in Mexico as a category 1 hurricane
* Hurricane Adele (1970), a category 1 hurricane that never approached land
The name Adele was retired after 1970 and replaced with Aletta in the 1974 season.
In the Southwestern Indian Ocean:
In the Australian region:
# List of storms named Mamie

The name Mamie was used for 10 tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific Ocean:
* Typhoon Mamie (1953)
* Typhoon Mamie (1957)
* Typhoon Mamie (1960)
* Typhoon Mamie (1963)
* Typhoon Mamie (1968)
* Tropical Storm Mamie (1972)
* Tropical Storm Mamie (1975)
* Severe Tropical Storm Mamie (1982)
* Typhoon Mamie (1985)
* Tropical Storm Mamie (1988)
# Merrill Shorthand

Merrill Shorthand is a shorthand system invented by Albert H. Merrill, published in 1942.
The system is described in Merrill's book as "A shorthand system built on an original principle of connecting consonant-indicating positions by vowel-indicating curves and straight lines." The system differs from Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand, which is another system which attempts to use a syllabic basis, in a number of ways:
* While both Boyd's and Merrill's system use differently shaped strokes to represent different vowels, Boyd's has different terminators for different vowels; Merrill uses five different basic lines: deeply curved (upward and downward), shallow curved (upward and downward) and straight.
* Consonants in Boyd's system are shown, in the main, by orientation (horizontal, vertical, or 45° from those directions) and direction of writing. In Merrill, they are shown by position above, below, or on the writing line; also, in Merrill a syllable such as "lad" which starts and ends with a consonant is written on a slant which starts at the height associated with "l" and ends at the height associated with "d." This is the only situation in which strokes are made to slant.
* Merrill, unlike Boyd, resembles Pitman shorthand in using dark "shaded" strokes to represent certain (mainly voiced) consonants, as opposed to others (mainly unvoiced).
The vowels are grouped into five sets:
* Deeply curved, upward (inverted-u-shaped): load, but.
* More shallowly curved, upward: bead, bid.
* Straight: bawl, hot, fat.
* Shallowly curved, downward (u-shaped): bed, made.
* Deeply curved, downward: use, moon, good, fine.
(Oddly, in all but the last case, the vowels grouped together sound somewhat similar; however, the last group has three similar sounds, but a fourth very unlike the others.)
The consonants are grouped into three sets, "left," "right," and "extreme right." The extreme right consonants are used only to end syllables, not to begin them. When a right consonant begins a syllable, a space is put before it which is absent when the consonant is in the left group. The ending consonant of the syllable controls how far rightward the stroke that represents the syllable is extended: thus "lad" is a straight line from the highest position to the writing line, only slightly rightward, while "lawn" has a stroke that runs between the same heights, but with a larger forward dimension. The positions are as follows:
| Height | Left | Right | Extreme right |
| Highest | w (l) | f (v) | ft |
| Above writing line | h (r) | p (b) | sp |
| On writing line | t (d) | n (m) | m (mp) |
| Below writing line | s (z) | k (g) | sk (nk) |
| Far below writing line | th | ch (j) | sh |
| Lowest (only one entry!) | nt | | |
The parenthesized entries are represented by shaded strokes.
A later edition was published in 1945 under the title "Merrill's Modernized Shorthand."
# List of supermarket chains in Portugal

This is a list of supermarket chains in Portugal.
* Aldi - 137 stores
* Amanhecer - ~330 stores
* Apolonia Supermercados - 3 stores
* Auchan (formerly known as Jumbo) - 111 stores
* Continente - 369 stores
* Coviran - 179 stores in Portugal
* Dia - 487 stores
* E.Leclerc - 21 store
* El Corte Inglés - 2 Stores
* Froiz
* The Good Food Company (selling Tesco)
* Intermarché - 264 stores
* Lidl - 277 stores
* Mercadona - 49 stores
* Meu Super - >300 stores
* Minipreço - 620 Stores
* Overseas Supermarkets (Iceland produce)
* Pingo Doce - 486 stores
* SPAR - 123 stores
* Unimark - 654 stores
# Metrioglypha

Metrioglypha is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Metrioglypha aoriphora Diakonoff, 1973
* Metrioglypha circulata (Diakonoff, 1966)
* Metrioglypha confertana (Walker, 1863)
* Metrioglypha crassa Diakonoff, 1973
* Metrioglypha dualis Diakonoff, 1973
* Metrioglypha empalinopa Diakonoff, 1973
* Metrioglypha gemmarius Diakonoff, 1973
* Metrioglypha habilis Diakonoff, 1973
* Metrioglypha ithuncus Razowski, 2013
* Metrioglypha onychosema (Meyrick, 1931)
* Metrioglypha phyllodes (Lower, 1899)
* Metrioglypha thystas (Meyrick, 1911)
* Metrioglypha viridicosta Razowski, 2009
# Metriochroa tylophorae

Metriochroa tylophorae is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from South Africa.
The larvae feed on Tylophora cordata. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Merton Hodge

Horace Emerton Hodge (28 March 1903 – 9 October 1958), known as Merton Hodge was a playwright, actor and medical practitioner.

## Life

Hodge was born in Taruheru, Poverty Bay, New Zealand. His father was a farmer named Alfred Hodge. He studied at Kings College in Auckland and later attended The University of Otago to study medicine in 1925. During his time at university, Hodge developed an interest in performing arts and was a member of the University Dramatic Society. He wrote a play for the society that later became The Wind and the Rain.
Hodge graduated from the University of Otago in 1928 (M.B., Ch.B). He briefly worked at Wellington Public Hospital as a casualty officer and also as a doctor aboard the 'Port Pirie' ship. In 1931, Hodge arrived in the United Kingdom and underwent postgraduate studies at the University of Edinburgh.
After a stint in New York working in theatre, Hodge returned to London in 1939 and worked for Camberwell Hospital for Nervous Diseases. He later toured with ENSA before resuming medicine in 1948. Hodge relocated from London to Dunedin, New Zealand in 1952.
Hodge is believed to have married Kathleen Rutherford. However, some sources dispute this.
Hodge ended his life by drowning on 9 October 1958, aged 54.

## Plays

Hodge is best known for his comedy The Wind and the Rain, which was performed 1,001 times, from 1933, at St. Martin's Theatre in London's West End, and six months in 1934 at the Ritz Theatre on New York's Broadway, toured the world and was translated into nine languages.
Plays produced in London:
* The Wind and the Rain, St Martin's Theatre, 1933–1935;
* Grief Goes Over which starred Sybil Thorndike, Globe Theatre, 1935;
* Men in White (anglicised version of the play by Sidney Kingsley), Lyric Theatre, 1935;
* The Orchard Walls, St James Theatre, 1937;
* The Island, writtem with actor Godfrey Tearle, Comedy Theatre, 1938;
* The Story of An African Farm, New Theatre (from Olive Schreiner's novel), 1938;
* To Whom We Belong, Q Theatre, 1939;
* Once There Was Music, Q Theatre, 1942;

### Recordings

* My Life in the Theatre, series for overseas broadcast for British Broadcasting Service.

## Publications

The plays The Wind and the Rain, Grief Goes Over, Men in White, The Island, The Story of An African Farm and a novelised version of The Wind and the Rain, 1936.
# Küçüksu, Kastamonu

Küçüksu is a village in the Kastamonu District, Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Its population is 293 (2021).
# Syksey

Syksey (fl. 1840–1849) was the pseudonym of an American criminal and member of the Bowery Boys. He was supposedly the lieutenant and longtime companion to Mose the Fireboy during the 1840s, often the storyteller of his feats, and is credited for coining the phrase "hold 'de but", a common expression used during the mid-to late 19th century meaning to borrow a dead cigar or to "bum a smoke". He was later portrayed in Benjamin Baker's play Mose, the Bowery B'hoy which performed at the old Olympic Theater in 1849 and later toured throughout the United States during the late 1840s and 50s. His pseudonym may have been derived from Bill Sikes, the sidekick of gang leader Fagin from Oliver Twist.
# Serial interval

The serial interval in the epidemiology of communicable (infectious) diseases is the time between successive cases in a chain of transmission.
The serial interval is generally estimated from the interval between clinical onsets (if observable), in which case it is the 'clinical onset serial interval'. It could in principle be estimated by the time interval between infection and subsequent transmission. If the typical time from the first person's clinical onset to when they infect another is TA, and the incubation period of a subsequent case is IB, then the clinical onset serial interval is TA + IB. More realistically, the calculation would use the observed frequency distribution of times from onset of a single primary case to that of its associated secondary cases. If the distribution of timing of transmission events during the infectious period is not skewed around its mean, then the average serial interval is calculated as the sum of the average latent period (from infection to infectiousness) and half the average infectious period.
Serial intervals can vary widely, especially for lifelong diseases such as HIV infection, chickenpox, and herpes. The serial interval for SARS was 7 days. For the original strain of COVID-19, a 2020 review of the published literature shows its serial interval to be 4-8 days.
Related but distinct quantities include the 'average transmission interval' sum of average latent and infectious period, the 'incubation period' between infection and disease onset, and the 'latent period' between infection and infectiousness.
# East Sixth Avenue Parkway

East Sixth Avenue Parkway is a parkway, part of the Denver Park and Parkway System, which was built in 1909. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
It runs from Colorado Blvd. to Quebec St. in the Hale and Montclair neighborhoods of Denver, Colorado.
The listing included two contributing structures.
# Felsőmarác

Felsőmarác is a village in Vas County, Hungary, lying east of Ivánc.
# Syktyvdinsky District

Syktyvdinsky District (Russian: Сыктывдинский райо́н; Komi: Сыктывдін район, Syktyvdïn rajon) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is 7,405 square kilometers (2,859 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Vylgort. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 22,660, with the population of Vylgort accounting for 45.4% of that number.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Syktyvdinsky District is one of the twelve in the Komi Republic. The district is divided into ten selo administrative territories and three settlement administrative territories, which comprise forty-nine rural localities. As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Syktyvdinsky Municipal District. Its thirteen administrative territories are incorporated as thirteen rural settlements within the municipal district. The selo of Vylgort serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district.
# Syntomaula microsperma

Syntomaula microsperma is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in New Guinea.