OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Independent clinical trials

Clinical trials can be promoted and funded by a variety of sponsors, including pharmaceutical companies, government, research charities, foundations, medical organizations, and voluntary groups, such as patients' associations.
Clinical trials are defined as independent when they are promoted by scientific organizations - academic or not-for-profit - and funded by public or charitable money, research centres or voluntary groups.
Pharmaceutical companies, in close collaboration with university researchers and clinicians, fund the majority of clinical studies on drugs and devices. These studies are product-oriented, aiming to test the benefits of a particular treatment.
Nevertheless, there is a large number of clinical research questions that are of little or no interest to commercial sponsors but still need to be addressed, given their importance to public health and to improving diagnosis and therapy for groups of patients of varying size. These questions are health problem-oriented, not treatment-orientated: Thus, "For this disease, this patient or group of patients, what is the best treatment option?" These questions refer not only to drugs and devices, but also to new biomedical interventions, surgery, physiotherapy, psychology, rehabilitation, training, etc. They are clearly of crucial importance for patients, caregivers, health systems and health insurance.
Independent clinical studies are of key importance for improving the effectiveness, safety and cost/benefit balance, such as the long-term risks and rare adverse reactions to treatments, comparing the available treatment options, evaluating the hoped-for improvements in quality of life or in follow-up of procedures and rehabilitation strategies. Investing in independent clinical research brings dividends for society in terms of reducing the impact of diseases, improving care strategies, and containing costs of health systems.
# Chhan, Bhopal

Chhan is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Huzur tehsil and the Phanda block. The Institute of Professional Education and Research is located near this village.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Chhan has 415 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 85.78%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 1718 | 935 | 783 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 248 | 145 | 103 |
| Scheduled caste | 239 | 132 | 107 |
| Scheduled tribe | 73 | 34 | 39 |
| Literates | 1261 | 709 | 552 |
| Workers (all) | 615 | 498 | 117 |
| Main workers (total) | 598 | 490 | 108 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 68 | 59 | 9 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 62 | 47 | 15 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 12 | 12 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 456 | 372 | 84 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 17 | 8 | 9 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 6 | 1 | 5 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 10 | 6 | 4 |
| Non-workers | 1103 | 437 | 666 |
# Leon James

Leon James may refer to:
* Leon James (composer) (born 1991), Indian film composer and singer
* Leon James (dancer) (died 1970), American Lindy Hop and jazz dancer
* Leon James (footballer) (born 2001), Thai footballer
# MCAS

MCAS may refer to:
* Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System, a flight control subsystem on the Boeing 737 MAX airplane designed to enhance pitch stability
* Marine Corps Air Station, a designation of multiple installations of the United States Marine Corps
* Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System, a standards-based education assessment system
* Mast cell activation syndrome, an immunological disorder
* Matrícula Consular or Matricula Consular de Alta Seguridad, an identification card issued by the Government of Mexico
* Microsoft Cloud App Security, a cloud security product by Adallom
* Multnomah Community Ability Scale, a standardized mental health assessment
* Michigan City Area Schools a school district in Michigan City, Indiana
# The Adventures of Mimi (video)

The Adventures of Mimi is the seventh video release by American singer and songwriter. Mariah Carey. It documented her 2006 summer concert tour, The Adventures of Mimi. It was released on Blu-ray disc on April 15, 2008. A new 2-DVD set was released April 16, 2008 in Japan. Also a 3 Disc Deluxe Edition was released on April 15, 2008.

## History

The DVD was shot at her show in Anaheim, California on October 8, 2006 at Honda Center. It is Carey's first DVD release since #1's (1999), a compilation of music videos. The cover was photographed by Markus Klinko & Indrani. Unlike the other concerts in the tour, Boyz II Men made a guest appearance to perform "One Sweet Day."
On December 1, 2008, The Adventures of Mimi was re-released as a four-disc box set, E=MC² Adventure Box, also containing the album E=MC². The box set also includes a double-sided poster with one tour photo and one album photo, and a special logo key ring.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Bangor Daily News | B+ |
| The Herald | 2/5 |
| MusicOMH | |
| New Straits Times | |
| People | |
| Toronto Sun | |
| Video Librarian | |

## Charts and certifications

2007–2009 weekly chart performance :
| Region – Chart (Publisher) | Peak position |
| Australia – Music DVD (ARIA) | 26 |
| Japan – DVD (Oricon) | 75 |
| Netherlands – Music DVD (Dutch Charts) | 21 |
| Spain – Music DVD (Promusicae) | 8 |
| UK – Music Video (OCC) | 10 |
| US – Top Music Video (Billboard) | 1 |
2008 year-end chart performance :
| Region – Chart (Publisher) | Position |
| US – Top Music Video Sales (Billboard) | 15 |
List of certifications :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil) | 2× Platinum | 60,000$^*$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 100,000$^^$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

Releases of The Adventures of Mimi :
| Region | Date | Format |
| Austria | November 16, 2007 | DVD |
| Australia | November 26, 2007 | DVD |
| Japan | November 28, 2007 | DVD |
| Germany | November 30, 2007 | DVD |
| United States | December 4, 2007 | DVD |
| Germany | April 15, 2008 | Blu-ray |
| Belgium | August 18, 2008 | DVD |
| Japan | September 22, 2010 | Blu-ray |
# Macropoliana afarorum

Macropoliana afarorum is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Djibouti.
# Kirby's tiger

The Kirby's tiger (Parantica kirbyi) is a species of nymphalid butterfly in the Danainae subfamily. It is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
The name honours William Forsell Kirby.
# Halsbury's Statutory Instruments

Halsbury's Statutory Instruments is the standard work of authority on delegated legislation in England and Wales. It is one of the major legal works published by LexisNexis Butterworths (formerly Butterworths). Primarily used by legal practitioners and law students, it provides details of every statutory instrument of general application currently in force in England and Wales, either in full text of as an authoritative summary.
It is a companion work to both Halsbury's Statutes and Halsbury's Laws of England.
Publication of this work began in 1952.
# Football in Togo

The sport of football in the country of Togo is run by the Togolese Football Federation. The association administers the national football team, as well as the Premier League. Football is the most popular sport in Togo.

## Recent history

Togo qualified for the first time to a FIFA World Cup in 2006, for the edition to be held in Germany; however, its participation was marred by incidents and headlines. There were problems within the Togolese Football Federation as well as between players and the Football Association, linked to were financial bonuses. The culmination of that conflict led to the resignation of the national team coach, Otto Pfister, and the threat made by the players not to play their game against Switzerland on 16 June 2006. Ultimately, the FIFA stepped in to satisfy the players' requirements and the first boycott of a FIFA World Cup game never happened. Togo was knocked out of the tournament in the group stage after losing to South Korea, Switzerland and France.
Over the following months, the stalemate continued to mar Togolese football, and eventually resulted in the dismissal of strike pair and Kader Coubadja-Touré, and defender Daré Nibombé in March 2007, ostensibly for "indecent remarks concerning the FTF management."
On 8 January 2010, The Togo National Football team's bus was fired upon in Angola whilst attending the African Nations Cup being held there. The bus driver, assistant coach and team spokesman died, and two players were also injured. This led to Togo withdrawing from the tournament at the behest of the Togolese government.
On 12 April 2010, Emmanuel Adebayor, the most famous Togolese player, retired from duty with the Togo National team. He currently plays for Turkish Süper Lig side Kayserispor.
On 26 November 2011, former Togo goalkeeper Charles Balogou was among six people killed when a bus, carrying players and officials from the Etoile Filante delegation, plunged into a ravine 130 kilometers north of Lomé and caught fire. Togo football federation spokesman Aime Ekpe said another 25 people from the delegation — 19 of them players — in addition to the driver were injured in the crash.

## Football stadiums in Togo

| # | Stadium | Capacity | City | Tenants |
| 1 | Stade de Kégué | 25,000 | Lomé | Togo national football team |
| 2 | Stade omnisport de Lomé | 20,000 | Lomé | |
| 3 | Stade Général Eyadema | 15,000 | Lomé | |
| 4 | Stade Municipal | 10,000 | Kara | ASKO Kara |
| 5 | Stade Municipal | 10,000 | Kpalimé | Gomido FC |
| 6 | Stade Municipal | 10,000 | Sokodé | AC Semassi FC |
# Chester Creek Trail

Chester Creek Trail may refer to:
* Chester Creek Trail (Alaska)
* Chester Creek Trail (Pennsylvania)
# Leon James (dancer)

Leon James was a prominent American Lindy Hop and jazz dancer. A performer during the 1930s and 1940s with the Harlem-based Whitey's Lindy Hoppers, he and his dance partner Willa Mae Ricker were featured in a photo essay in the August 23, 1943, issue of Life magazine, demonstrating air steps.
In 1935, James and Edith Matthews won the Harvest Moon Ball.
Due to poor eyesight, James was not drafted during World War II.
During the 1950s and 1960s, James partnered with Al Minns to promote the dances they helped to pioneer, appearing at dance events, in short films, and on TV.

## Filmography

* A Day at the Races (1937)
* Keep Punching (1939)
** Excerpted and released as the short Jittering Jitterbugs (aka The Big Apple) in 1943
* Cootie Williams and his Orchestra (1942)
* The Spirit Moves (1950)
* Jazz Dance (1954)
# Hinotiya Jagir

Hinotiya Jagir may refer to:
* Hinotiya Jagir, Berasia, a village in Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India
* Hinotiya Jagir, Huzur, a village in Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India
# Thanakkarukurichchi

Thanakkarukurichchi is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province.
# Macropoliana

Macropoliana is a genus of moths in the family Sphingidae. The genus was erected by Robert Herbert Carcasson in 1968. It is found in Central and Southern Africa.

## Species

* Macropoliana afarorum Rougeot 1975
* Macropoliana asirensis Wiltshire 1980
* Macropoliana cadioui Haxaire & Camiade, 2008
* Macropoliana ferax (Rothschild & Jordan 1916)
* Macropoliana gessi Schmit, 2006
* Macropoliana natalensis (Butler 1875)
* Macropoliana scheveni Carcasson 1972
# Gökhasanlı, Karaisalı

Gökhasanlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Karaisalı, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 162 (2022).
# Nam Phrae

Nam Phrae may refer to several places in Thailand:
* Nam Phrae, Hang Dong
* Nam Phrae, Phrao
# Hampton College (Durban, South Africa)

Hampton College, a South African college, was established in 1985. It is situated in Durban and is a private school.
# Thomas James Stretch

The Reverend Thomas James Stretch (17 January 1915 – 12 October 1973) was one of the first people to enter the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp when it was liberated by British troops in 1945. He commented that never in his life had he seen such damnable ghastliness.

## Biography

T. J. Stretch was born in Goodwick, Pembrokeshire in Wales on 17 January 1915; his father was Thomas George Stretch, a dock porter. He attended Fishguard County Secondary School (now Ysgol Bro Gwaun) before commencing studies at St. David's College, Lampeter in October 1934. He worked as priest at Holy Trinity Church, Aberystwyth and as army chaplain with 10 Garrison Detachment (Military Government) As the first army chaplain to enter Bergen-Belsen, he distributed food and clothing to the survivors and helped bury 20,000 dead. He appears in a film made by British troops on liberating the camp in April 1945 in which he recounts his impressions of the camp. Following the war, Stretch returned to parochial ministry. He served first at Chatburn, before moving on to Preston and then Poulton le Fylde, Lancashire; he died at Lytham, Lancashire.
# Florida (Buenos Aires Underground)

Florida is a station on Line B of the Buenos Aires Underground. The station was opened in December 1931 as part of the extension of the line from Carlos Pellegrini to Leandro N. Alem.
It is located in the San Nicolás barrio, at the intersection of Avenida Corrientes and Calle Florida, and named after the latter.
# Chrysolampidae

Chrysolampidae is a small family of parasitoids within the Chalcidoidea. The family is related to a clade that includes the Eucharitidae, Perilampidae and Eutrichosomatidae. This group of wasp families have first-instar larvae that are called "planidia". Adult females lay eggs on vegetation (often flowers) frequented by their host insects; after hatching, the planidia attach themselves to adults of the host, which then carries some of them to nests of the host. Here they parasitize the host larvae or pupae, before developing into winged adults.

## Subfamiles and genera

Chrysolampinae
* Austrotoxeuma (Australia and New Zealand)
* Brachyelatus (Australia)
* Chrysolampus (North America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia)
* Chrysomalla (Asia, Europe, North Africa, Western USA, and Australia)
* Elatomorpha (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Turkey, Morocco)
* Parelatus (Australia)
Philomidinae
* Aperilampus (Afrotropics)
* Philomides (Afrotropics, southern Palearctic and Indomalaya)
* Vidlinus (Afrotropics)

## Distribution

The distribution of the Chrysolampinae includes steppe and Mediterranean regions in western North America, Europe, North Africa and Central Asia, mesic forests in Europe and Asia, and tropical forests in Australia and the Philippines. Philomidinae are found in a range of vegetation types in the Afrotropics, southern Palearctic and Indomalaya.

## Biology

Knowledge of the biology of the Chrysolampidae is limited: A few species of the Chrysolampinae are known to be parasitoids of beetles, including weevils of the genus Tychius and a pollen beetle Meligethes pedicularius. Aperilampus varians is a parasitoid of the pupa of Halictus africanus; other species of the Philomidinae are probably also parasitoids of ground-nesting bees.
# Leopold von Sacher-Masoch bibliography

The bibliography of the Austrian author Leopold von Sacher-Masoch (1836—1895) includes a complete, exhaustive list of original books published during the author's lifetime.
1857
1858
1862
1863
* Der Emissär. Eine galizische Geschichte. Prag: Credner, 1863
* Polnische Revolutionen. Erinnerungen aus Galizien. 1863
1864
1865
1867
1870
* Die geschiedene Frau. Passionsgeschichte eines Idealisten. Leipzig, 1870 (2 Bde)
* Das Vermächtnis Kains: I. Die Liebe. Stuttgart: Kotta(?), 1870 (2 Bde)
1872
1873
* Falscher Hermelin. 1873 (1873-79?)
* Ein weiblicher Sultan. Historischer Roman. (Berlin: Paul Franke ???) 1873
* Die Messalinen Wiens. Geschichten aus der guten Gesellschaft. 1873 (1874?)
* Über den Wert der Kritik. Erfahrungen und Bemerkungen. Leipzig: E.J. Günther, 1873
* (?)Soziale Schattenbilder: Aus den Memoiren eines österreichischen Polizeibeamten. Halle: Gesenius, 1873
* Gute Menschen und ihre Geschichten. Leipzig: Poketer, 1873 (?)
1873-1874
1873-1877
1874
1875
* Die Ideale unserer Zeit. Roman 4 Bde. Bern, 1875 (1876?)
* Galizische Geschichten.* Leipzig: E.J. Günther, 1875 [2 Aufl.(?) = Bern: G. Frobeen & Cie, 1877]
1877
* Der Mann ohne Vorurteil. Zurich: Georg Frobeen, 1877
* Das Vermächtnis Kains: II. Das Eigentum. Bern: Georg Frobeen, 1877 (2 Bde)
1878
* Der neue Hiob. Stuttgart, 1878
* Judengeschichten. Leipzig: Harthock, 1878
* Die Republik der Weiberfeinde. Leipzig, 1878
1879
1881
1883
1885
1886
* Die Seelenfängerin. 1886
* Ewige Jugend. 1886
* Polnische Ghetto-Geschichten. München, 1886
* Kleine Mysterien der Weltgeschichte. Leipzig–Reudnitz: Oswald Schmidt, 1886 [2. Auflage]
1887
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
* Liebesgeschichten. Berlin: Neufeld & Henius, 1894
* Die Satten und die Hungrigen. Berlin: Schreiter, 1894

## Posthumous editions

1898
* Entre nous. Berlin–Leipzig: Hillger, 1898
1900
* Katherina II. Berlin: Th. Knaur/Schreiter, 1900 (?)
1901
* Afrikas Semiramis. Hg. C.F. von Schlichtegroll. Dresden, 1901
* Grausame Frauen. Hinterlassene Novellen. Bd. I. Dresden, 1901
# Hinotiya Jagir, Berasia

Hinotiya Jagir is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Berasia tehsil.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Hinotiya Jagir has 123 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 56.9%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 578 | 293 | 285 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 114 | 53 | 61 |
| Scheduled caste | 77 | 36 | 41 |
| Scheduled tribe | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Literates | 264 | 163 | 101 |
| Workers (all) | 295 | 180 | 115 |
| Main workers (total) | 89 | 75 | 14 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 62 | 56 | 6 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 8 | 4 | 4 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 19 | 15 | 4 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 206 | 105 | 101 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 35 | 7 | 28 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 159 | 88 | 71 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 11 | 9 | 2 |
| Non-workers | 283 | 113 | 170 |
# Tetratheca exasperata

Tetratheca exasperata is a species of flowering plant in the quandong family that is endemic to Australia.

## Description

The species grows as a small shrub to 10–35 cm in height, with dark pink to pink-purple flowers.

## Distribution and habitat

The range of the species lies within the Avon Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest and Warren IBRA bioregions of south-west Western Australia, some 200–300 km south to south-east of the city of Perth. The plants grow on white-grey sand, sandy loam, and orange-brown gravelly loam soils.
# Epilobium rigidum

Epilobium rigidum is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names stiff willowherb and Siskiyou Mountains willowherb.
It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of far northern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in dry, open areas in lower elevation coniferous forest habitat, often on serpentine soils.
This is a perennial herb forming upright clumps or mats of tough, peeling stems around a woody caudex. It bears bright pink flowers with heart-shaped petals up to 2 centimeters long flanked by pointed reddish sepals. The fruit is a hairy capsule up to 3.5 centimeters long.
# Nam Pin Wai

Nam Pin Wai (南邊圍), sometimes transliterated as Nam Bin Wai is the name of several villages in Hong Kong:
* Nam Pin Wai (Sai Kung), in the Ho Chung area of Sai Kung
* Nam Pin Wai (Yuen Long), in the Yuen Long Kau Hui area of Yuen Long
# In Search of Nikola Tesla

In Search of Nikola Tesla is a book by David Peat published in 1983.

## Contents

In Search of Nikola Tesla is a book focusing on the research of Nikola Tesla.

## Reception

Dave Langford reviewed In Search of Nikola Tesla for White Dwarf #50, and stated that "Sifting through the maze of Tesla's later loony patents and the modern cultists who overvalue them, Peat charts a fascinating voyage through the self-deceptions and genuine achievements of the great man and others. I could have used less information about Peat [...] and more about Tesla, but it's a genuinely-interesting read."
# Florida (Diplo album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| MusicOMH | favorable |
| Pitchfork | 7.0/10 |
| PopMatters | favorable |
| Spin | B− |
| Tiny Mix Tapes | |
| XLR8R | favorable |
Florida is the debut studio album by American DJ Diplo. It was released on Big Dada in 2004. In 2014, it was re-released as F10rida, with 10 extra tracks added, plus bonus commentary.

## Critical reception

Florida was described by Ian Roullier of MusicOMH as "an excellent, diverse collection of instrumental hip hop excursions, laid back grooves and whacked out rap tracks." Tim O'Neil of PopMatters said, "Diplo has crafted one of the year's best debut albums, an ambitious ode to the art and craft of sampling."
# Chrysojasminum humile

Chrysojasminum humile (syn. Jasminum humile), the Italian jasmine or yellow jasmine, is a species of flowering plant in the family Oleaceae, native to Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Burma (Myanmar), the Himalayas and south west China (Gansu, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang (Tibet), Yunnan). The species is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalized in Greece, Sicily and the former Yugoslavia.
Growing 2.5–4 m (8–13 ft) tall by 3 m (10 ft) wide, it is a roundish semi-evergreen shrub with thick stems. It has stout, dark green leaves, 5 cm long, with 5–7 imparipinnate leaflets. In protected areas it retains its leaves over winter, though in cold winters its foliage and buds may freeze. It blooms in spring and summer with clusters of usually six yellow, scented flowers.
Numerous cultivars have been developed for garden use, of which 'Revolutum' (syn. J. reevesii hort.) has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## Etymology

Jasminum is a Latinized version of the Persian name yasemin, or Arabic name, yasamin, which refers to scented plants.
The Latin specific epithet humile means "low-growing".
# Leptomantis angulirostris

Leptomantis angulirostris, commonly known as the masked tree frog, is a member of the tree frog family Rhacophoridae and is found in Indonesia and Malaysian Borneo. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## Description

A relatively small frog, males range in length from 31–33 mm and females from 45–51 mm. The head is wider than long. Snout pointed with sharp canthus rostralis. Dilated finger and toe tips are characteristic. Webbing in feet almost complete, touching the toe pad on all digits except fourth. Webbing in hand partial with webbing reaching the second sub-articular tubercle on finger three. Skin smooth on dorsum, granulated on chest and venter. Variable in skin coloration but broadly ranges from pale grey-green to brown. Dark crossbars are common on dorsum near the vent and on legs. Sides of the body and inner surface of the legs are yellow with black blotches. Often, few fawn colored blotches are found on snout. Iris brown, often with a tinge of blue.

## Distribution, natural history and ecology

This species is thought be found in Sumatra and Malaysian Borneo. However, the record from Sumatra warrants scrutiny. It is commonly found in the Crocker Range and Mt. Kinabalu National Park.
It is found in primary rainforests along rocky streams above 1000 m above sea level. Males vocalize perched on small saplings and trees overhanging streams. Tadpoles are known to live in shallow areas of stream underneath gravel.