OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hedda Anderson

Hedvig "Hedda" Elisabet Anderson (4 June 1832 – 2 April 1912) was a Swedish writer, teacher, and school founder. She wrote numerous books for children, and published collections of retold tales from different cultures. Her works were also used for instruction in schools.

## Life and career

Hedda Anderson was born on 4 June 1832 in Botilsäter, a parish in Värmland county. She was the daughter of mill manager Knut Freudenthal and his wife Anna Elisabet Erikson. After her family went bankrupt in 1834, they moved to Säffle. A few years later, Anderson was sent to live with her paternal uncle, who was the rector of Tösse. Self-taught and raised in pious circles, Anderson developed an early pedagogical interest which inspired her to become a teacher. At the age of 19, she started working as a private tutor to several families.
In 1867, Anderson moved to Kristinehamn where she taught the daughter of the foreman Johan Elis Anderson. They married in 1873. While in Kristinehamn, Anderson co-founded the Kristinehamn educational institution for girls and served as its board member. In the 1880s, Anderson contributed to the Swedish newspapers Arbetarens vän and Linnea.
Following her husband's death in 1888, Anderson moved to Stockholm and became an instructor at the Anna Sandström school, a private girls' school. At the age of 58, she began her literary career, during which she published a variety of work. Her works were primarily focused on the lives of people. P. A. Norstedt & Söner released Rolf's summer holidays, Anderson's first published children's book in 1891. Two more children's books, Rolf's new cousins and From Aunt Lotta's letter collection were published in 1892 and 1895. Several other books followed in the next few years, including Fairy Tale Evenings with Aunt Lotta – fairy tales arranged for group reading, City Girls in the Country, and Little Lisa and her foster brothers. She also served as the editor of the anthology of short stories, From the bookshelf – reading for home and school.
In the 1890s, Anderson published collections of retold folk tales from Greek and Nordic cultures, which were published in several editions across the country. She wrote books which were used for instruction in schools. Her textbook Swedish language exercises in 1895, was used for teaching Swedish in Finnish schools. She also translated the works of other writers, such as The Godson of Death by Leopold Budde, and The Great Wide World by Elisabeth Wetherall. In 1896, she was elected to the women's cultural association Nya Idun, and in 1899, she served as one of the founding members of the Private Higher Teachers' Seminary, Stockholm.
Anderson died in Stockholm, in 1912.
# Curbia

Curbia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae described by Warren in 1894. Its single species, Curbia martiata, described by Achille Guenée in 1857, is found in Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo.
# Laser tracker

Laser trackers are instruments that accurately measure large objects by determining the positions of optical targets held against those objects. The accuracy of laser trackers is of the order of 0.025 mm over a distance of several metres. Some examples of laser tracker applications are to align aircraft wings during assembly and to align large machine tools. To take measurements the technician first sets up a laser tracker on a tripod with an unobstructed view of the object to be measured. The technician removes a target from the base of the laser tracker and carries it to the object to be measured, moving smoothly to allow the laser tracker to follow the movement of the target. The technician places the target against the object and triggers measurements to be taken at selected points, sometimes by a remote control device. Measurements can be imported into different types of software to plot the points or to calculate deviation from the correct position.
The targets are known as "retroreflective" because they reflect the laser beam back in the same direction it came from (in this case, back to the laser tracker). One type of target in common use is called a spherically mounted retroreflector (SMR), which resembles a ball bearing with mirrored surfaces cut into it.

## History

The first laser tracker was invented in 1987 by Dr. Kam Lau, CEO of API (Automated Precision, Inc.) while at NIST and made commercially available by API Metrology in 1988 with its first production unit being made available to Boeing under a 9-month lease agreement. Tennessee Technology University received an API 6-D laser tracker in 1989. Instruments were later produced by Kern in 1991 following a technology agreement with API. Currently, there are three well known manufacturers of Laser Trackers; FARO, API, and Leica.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Bridges, 2009.
* ↑ Martin, 2007
* ↑ Machine Design, 2011.
* ↑ Vera, 2011.
* ↑ Machine Design, 2011.
* ↑ Martin, 2007.
* ↑ "NIST", 2010

## References and sources

* Bob Bridges. “How Laser Trackers Work.” Quality Digest, June 25, 2009.
* James R. Koelsch, “Should Laser Trackers be in your Arsenal of Metrological Tools?” Quality Magazine, March 2012.
* “Portable laser tracker measures large volumes accurately.” Machine Design, August 25, 2011, Vol. 83 Issue 14, p19.
* Joel Martin. “Laser tracking fundamentals.” Quality Magazine, May 2007.
* Javier Vera. “The Versatile Laser Tracker.” Quality Digest. January 27, 2011.
* National Institute of Standards and Technology. " Archived 2018-11-26 at the Wayback Machine." "NIST Public Affairs Office", June 4, 2010.
# Cyanicula fragrans

Cyanicula fragrans, commonly known as the fragrant china orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is similar to the other china orchids, especially C. ashbyae but has a paler green leaf, vanilla-scented flowers and a more northerly distribution.

## Description

Cyanicula fragrans is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. It has a single prostrate leaf, 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) long, 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide and which is pale green with bristly hairs. One or two bluish-mauve or blue flowers 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) long and wide are borne on a stalk 60–120 mm (2–5 in) tall. On rare occasions the flower is white. The dorsal sepal is erect, 12–22 mm (0.5–0.9 in) long and 4–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. The lateral sepals and petals have about the same dimensions as the dorsal sepal. The labellum is relatively flat, 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, bluish and white with the tip turned downwards. There are many rows of small, bead-like calli covering the labellum. Flowering occurs from August to September.

## Taxonomy and naming

Cyanicula fragrans was first formally described in 2000 Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown from a specimen collected near Paynes Find and the description was published in Lindleyana. The specific epithet (fragrans) is a Latin word meaning "smelling agreeably", referring to the rich fragrance of the flowers.

## Distribution and habitat

The fragrant china orchid is found between Beacon and Mullewa in the Avon Wheatbelt, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions growing on and near low granite outcrops.

## Conservation

Cyanicula fragrans is classified as "Priority Three" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.
# Cyanicula amplexans

Cyanicula amplexans, commonly known as the dainty blue china orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It has a relatively broad leaf and one or two pale blue and white flowers. It is distinguished from the other two similar blue orchids by the sides of the labellum which curve over the column and almost touch. This species also has a more inland distribution than C. aperta and C. sericea.

## Description

Cyanicula amplexans is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single flat, hairy leaf, 40–100 mm (2–4 in) long and 6–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide which often lies flat on the ground. One or two pale blue and white flowers about 20 mm (0.8 in) long and wide are borne on a stalk 120–250 mm (5–10 in) tall. The dorsal sepal is more or less erect, 8–15 mm (0.3–0.6 in) long and 2–5 mm (0.08–0.2 in) wide. The lateral sepals and petals have about the same dimensions as the dorsal sepal although the petals are slightly wider. The labellum is 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and dark blue with fine darker lines and spots. The sides of the labellum curve upwards, surrounding the column and almost touching. The labellum has a short, more or less triangular down-curved tip with about five short teeth on each side and there are two rows of cream-coloured calli along the mid-line of the labellum. Flowering occurs from August to early October.

## Taxonomy and naming

The dainty blue china orchid was first formally described in 1984 by Alex George. The type specimen was collected from near Wubin and the description was published in Nuytsia. In 2000, Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown changed the name to Cyanicula amplexans, but in 2015, as a result of studies of molecular phylogenetics, the name was changed back to Caladenia amplexans. The specific epithet (amplexans) is a Latin adjective meaning "encircling" or "embracing" and refers to the way the labellum lobes surround the column.

## Distribution and habitat

Cyanicula amplexans is found in a broad area from Norseman to north of Kalbarri, growing in a range of drier habitats including the edges of salt lakes and rocky hills.

## Conservation

Cyanicula amplexans is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Curiosities Volume 1

Curiosities Volume I is an album by English musician Brian Eno, released in 2003 by record label Opal Ltd. It is the first in a series of albums compiling Eno's previously unreleased recordings.

## Track listing

All songs written by Brian Eno, except "Manila Envelope", by Eno and Robert Fripp.
* "Select a Bonk" – 5:23
* "Draw One Animal" – 3:09
* "Ambient Savage" – 3:53
* "Circus Mathematics" – 1:38
* "Castro Haze" – 4:48
* "Groan Wash" – 3:56
* "Cheeky Hop" – 3:29
* "Work/Wank" – 2:02
* "Late Evening in Jersey" – 4:37
* "Slow Lump with Strings" – 4:55
* "Never Tunneling" – 3:36
* "My Lonely Organ" – 3:58
* "Weird Bird Call Carnival" – 1:13
* "War Fetish" – 2:00
* "Manila Envelope" (with Robert Fripp) – 5:27

## Personnel

* Brian Eno – performer
* Robert Fripp – performer on "Manila Envelope"
* Richard Bailey – drums on "Castro Haze"

### Technical

* Marlon Weyeneth – researching and compilation
# Lavie

Lavie or Lavié or variant, may refer to:

## People
### Given name

* Lavie Tidhar (born 1976), Israeli-born writer

### Family name

* Colin LaVie (born 1962), Canadian politician
* Lisa Lavie, Canadian singer-songwriter
* Miguel Lavié (born 1986), Uruguayan soccer player
* Oren Lavie (born 1976), Israeli singer, songwriter, playwright and theatre director
* Peretz Lavie (born 1949), Israeli academic in the psychophysiology of sleep and sleep disorders
* Raffi Lavie (1937–2007), Israeli artist, art educator, and music and art critic
* Raúl Lavié (born 1936), Argentinian entertainer
* Ricardo Lavié (1923–2010), Argentinian actor
* Smadar Lavie (fl. 1991–2020), Israeli anthropologist and author
* Ted Lavie (born 1986), French football player
* Arik Lavie (1927–2004), Israeli pop-rock-folk singer and actor

### Characters

* Lavie Head, a character from the 2003 anime series Last Exile

## Other uses

* Lavié, Lavié-Agoviépé, Togo
* Lavie (automobile), a former French automobile
# Lathyrus × hammettii

Lathyrus × hammettii is a hybrid flowering plant within the genus Lathyrus and family Fabaceae. The hybrid was produced by artificially hybridizing L. odoratus with L. belinensis.

## History

The hybridization of these two species was first attempted by plant breeder Dr Keith Hammett, using the sweet pea cultivar Lathyrus odoratus 'Orange Dragon', L. belinensis and embryo rescue techniques. The hybrid was attempted in hopes of producing a yellow sweet pea, which plant breeders have been attempting to create for decades. The F1 hybrid offspring produced from the cross were self sterile and possessed pink flowers. Multiple non yellow cultivars of Lathyrus × hammettii have been produced descending from those plants.

## Mildew resistance

Lathyrus belinensis possesses genetics that exhibit mildew resistance. L. odoratus is susceptible to mildew. Hybrids produced between the two species were found to be resistant to the fungus Erysiphe pisi, which causes mildew in sweet peas.
# Cuphea elegans

Cuphea elegans is a species of flowering plants native to Brazil.
The species is recognized by Tropicos whereas The Plant List considers it a synonym of Cuphea melvilla Lindl.
# Cuphea lanceolata

Cuphea lanceolata, also known as the cigar flower, is an annual herbaceous flowering plant in the genus Cuphea of the family Lythraceae.

## Description

Cuphea lanceolata reaches on average a height of 45–60 centimetres (18–24 in). It has a branched stem with opposite, narrow, up to 7 cm long leaves. The flowers are tubular, dark-lilac or cherry-red, with six petals. The two upper petals are large and ear-shaped, while the others are quite small. The flowering period extends from June through August. The fruit is a capsule.

## Distribution

This species is native to north and central Mexico.

## Habitat

This tropical plant prefers hot, humid weather and rich, well drained soils in full sun.

## Gallery

* Plant of Cuphea lanceolata
* Flowers of Cuphea lanceolata
* Flower of Cuphea lanceolata
* Plants of Cuphea lanceolata
# Curious Notions

Curious Notions is an alternate history novel by Harry Turtledove. It is a part of the Crosstime Traffic series. In Curious Notions, the Central Powers won World War I prior to the United States entering the war. Subsequently, the German Empire invaded and conquered the United States in the 1950s. The story is set 150 years later, in German-occupied San Francisco. The main plot deals with time travelers from our universe establishing an electronics shop in San Francisco, coming under the suspicion of both the German authorities and the Tongs while preventing the Germans from duplicating the time travel technology.

## Backstory leading up to the plot

The Central Powers win by managing to knock out France and the British Expeditionary Force in the west towards the beginning of the war. Then they defeat Russia before the United States can intervene. A few years later, the German Empire intervenes in the Russian Revolution and defeats the Bolsheviks, but the Russian Empire is mostly divided and therefore no longer a great power. Britain and France tried to stop Germany's power again in the late 1930s, but since the United States does not intervene, they lose and Germany gains control over Europe and its sphere of influence. Germany is also able to restore the monarchies of Brazil, China and Portugal.
Since Germany never persecuted the Jewish people of their country, they discovered the atomic bomb and gain further dominance. The United States was largely ignorant of the power of these bombs and as a result lost World War III when it broke out in 1956. It resulted in the nuclear destruction of most major cities in the United States. San Francisco, the setting, is intact because the United States was able to shoot some of the German bombers down before they could reach the city.
A side effect of the US being dominated by Germany is soccer becoming the most popular spectator sport in the American society, largely displacing baseball.

## Literary significance and reception

Roland J. Green reviewing for Booklist said that a "well-constructed world, superior characterization, and some serious analysis of the ethics of cross-time travel all make the yarn a winner."
# Lauritz Weibull

Lauritz Ulrik Absalon Weibull (2 April 1873 – 2 December 1960) was a Swedish professor and historian.

## Biography

He was born in Lund, Sweden, as the son of history professor Martin Weibull and the brother of historian Curt Weibull. He enrolled at the University of Lund in 1892, completed his B.A. in 1894, his licentiate degree in 1899 and defended his dissertation and received a docentship the same year. He was appointed director of the Regional Archives of Lund in 1903 and became professor of history at his alma mater in 1919.
Lauritz Weibull covered a wide range of topics from the early Middle Ages until the 17th and 18th centuries and before finishing his doctoral dissertation, he had already published studies on literary subjects. His dissertation treated a 17th-century topic, De diplomatiska förbindelserna mellan Sverige och Frankrike 1629-1631. Ett bidrag till Gustaf II Adolfs och kardinal Richelieus historia (1899; "The diplomatic relations between Sweden and France 1629-1631. A contribution to the history of Gustavus II Adolphus and Cardinal Richelieu"). In the major history work Sveriges historia intill 20:de seklet, he wrote the section on King Charles X Gustav, partly based on unpublished work by his father.
Weibull is best known for the critical re-evaluation of early Swedish and Scandinavian history that he made in the books Kritiska undersökningar i Nordens historia omkring år 1000 (1911; "Critical investigations in the history of the Nordic region around the year 1000") and Historisk-kritisk metod och nordisk medeltidsforskning (1913; "Historical-critical method and Nordic medieval research"). With his brother Curt, he attempted to put Scandinavian history on firmer ground.
With his father, Weibull initiated the journal Historisk tidskrift för Skåneland, which was published 1901-1921. He later founded the journal Scandia, which has been published since 1928, with Weibull serving as editor until 1957.

## Selected publications

* De diplomatiska förbindelserna mellan Sverige och Frankrike 1629-1631. Ett bidrag till Gustaf II Adolfs och kardinal Richelieus historia, 1899
* Bibliotek och arkiv i Skåne under medeltiden (1901)
* Kritiska undersökningar i Nordens historia omkring år 1000 (1911)
* Historisk-kritisk metod och nordisk medeltidsforskning (1913)
* Liber census Daniæ. Kung Valdemars jordabok (1916).
* Diplomatarium dioecesis Lundensis. Lunds ärkestifts urkundsbok (1900-09)
* Diplomatarium civitatis Malmogiensis. Malmö stads urkundsbok (1901-17)
* Sven Lagerbring. Skrifter och bref (1907)
* Nordisk Historia I. Forskningar och undersökningar. Forntid och vikingatid (1948)
* Nordisk Historia II. Forskningar och undersökningar. Stat och kyrka i Danmark under äldre medeltid (1949)
* Nordisk Historia III. Forskningar och undersökningar. Från Erik den helige till Karl XII (1949)

## Studies

* Birgitta Odén, Lauritz Weibull och forskarsamhället (Lund, 1975)
* Rolf Torstendahl, En nygammal Weibull-myt. In: Scandia 668:2, ss 321-332 (Lund, 2000)
# Seattle Municipal Archives

The Seattle Municipal Archives are the official archive of the city of Seattle. The organization is housed in Seattle City Hall.
The organization was formally established in 1985. The city of Seattle stores its city records here.
The Seattle Municipal Archive accepted US$100,000 from the National Archives and Records Administration to process records.
By 2002 many of the archives photographs from before the 1930s had begun to deteriorate and the archival budget did not allow for all of them to be digitized to contemporary quality standards for archives. At this time, the archival collection had at least been scanned, but many of the pieces were low quality, and the decision was made to prioritize 3000 of the 1.5 million pieces in the collection for high quality digital preservation. Most of the archive's pictures from this time period were taken by city workers and document civil engineering.
From its founding until the present, Scott Cline has served as director of the archives. Cline studied history at Portland State University.
# Gefährliche Fracht

Gefährliche Fracht is an East German film. It was released in 1954.
# Tobyhanna National Forest

Tobyhanna National Forest was established in Pennsylvania by the United States Forest Service on April 10, 1925, with 20,870 acres (84.5 km$^2$) from part of the Tobyhanna Military Reservation. On October 10, 1928, the executive order for its creation was rescinded and the forest was abolished.
# Giuseppe Natali

Giuseppe Natali (1652–1722) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period and active mainly in Cremona and Lombardy.

## Biography

He was born in Casalmaggiore, near Cremona. He was the son of a Giovanni Battista Natali (Bologna, c 1630 - Cremona, c 1700) and grandson of Carlo Natali (il Guardolino), and pupil of Pietro da Cortona in Rome. He later returned to work in Cremona.
He became a noted painter of quadratura, and received his first training locally from Girolamo Pellizoni Crescini. Natali was influenced by painters of this genre in Rome and Bologna, including Girolamo Curti, Angelo Michele Colonna, and Agostino Mitelli. His brothers Francesco, Lorenzo, and Pietro were assistants in his studio. He had a son and nephew, named Giovanni Battista Natali, both painters.
Among his works in Cremona, are frescoes for the following sites:
* Chapel of St Catherine in Church of San Domenico
* Parish church of Sant'Andrea
* St Andrew Crucified altar church of San Pietro al Po
* Presbytery of San Sigismondo
* Church of San Domenico at the porta delle Beccarie vecchie
* Chapel in Church of San Imerio
* Church of San Sigismondo
* Church of San Francesco: altarpiece
# San Juan District, San Ramón

San Juan is a district of the San Ramón canton, in the Alajuela province of Costa Rica.

## Geography

San Juan has an area of 5.09 km$^2$ and an elevation of 1,085 metres.

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, San Juan had a population of 11,695 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 703
* National Route 704
# Jan Zoulík

Jan Zoulík (born 2 February 1957) is a Czech gymnast. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics and the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Mark Anthony Hogan

Mark Anthony Hogan (January 27, 1931 – February 12, 2017) was the 37th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado. He was a Democrat and served from 1967 to 1971 under Republican governor John Arthur Love.
Hogan graduated from Georgetown University in 1952 and served in the United States Navy from 1952 to 1954. He settled in Denver, Colorado and became a realtor. He served two terms in the state legislature.
In 1970, Hogan was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Governor of Colorado. He died in 2017.
# Heidi und Erni

Heidi und Erni is a German television series.
# Doublet (lapidary)

A doublet is a type of assembled gem composed in two sections. It is sometimes used to imitate other, more expensive gems.
A garnet and glass doublet uses a top portion of natural garnet fused to any color of glass to imitate a gem. The color of glass used in the doublet is all that is seen, as the garnet provides no color. If seen in reflected light, a separation line may be seen. A harder garnet makes the stones more durable. In the case of opal doublets, a backing layer of onyx or matrix (ironstone) gives the more fragile opal layer support and can make the opal look darker and higher quality.
Garnet and glass doublets were first used around 1850 when it was noted that molten glass would adhere to garnet. It was a popular imitation for all types of gems in many colors because the color of the glass became the only color that could be seen. They were still being produced into the early 1900s until actual synthetic gems were introduced.
# Gioli

Gioli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Francesco Gioli (1846–1922), Italian painter
* Luigi Gioli (1854–1947), Italian painter
* Matilde Gioli (born 1989), Italian actress
* Simona Gioli (born 1977), Italian volleyball player