OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gottfried Wilhelm Fink

Gottfried Wilhelm Fink (8 March 1783 – 27 August 1846) was a German composer, music theorist, poet, and a Protestant clergyman.

## Life

From 1804 until 1808 Fink studied theology at the University of Leipzig where he joined the Corps Lusatia. There he made his first attempts at composition and poetry. Most of his song compositions are attributed to this period. From 1811 he held the office of vicar in Leipzig for some years, where he also founded an educational institution which he led until 1829. Since the beginning of the 19th century he worked for the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitschrift ("General musical magazine"). In 1827 he became the magazine's editor-in-chief, a position he held for 15 years.
From 1838 Fink worked as a lecturer at the University of Leipzig. In 1841 he became a Privatdozent of musicology at the university. In the same year he became a member of the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin and a year later he was appointed the music director of the university.
Fink was highly appreciated throughout his life as a music theorist and composer. Numerous honors and awards were bestowed on him at home as well as abroad. In 1838, the Faculty of Philosophy at Leipzig University awarded him an honorary doctorate.
His compositions consist mainly of songs, song collections, and ballads. He wrote the lyrics for most of his song compositions himself. He also made a name for himself as the author of important works on music theory and music history. However, he was best known as the editor of the Musikalischer Hausschatz der Deutschen ("Musical house treasure of Germans"), a collection of about 1,000 songs and chants, as well as the Deutsche Liedertafel ("German song board"), a collection of polyphonic songs sung by men.

## Works
### Compositions

* Häusliche Andachten in christlichen mehrstimmigen Liedern (Domestic devotions in Christian polyphonic songs)
* Romanzen und Balladen (Romances and ballads)
* Volkslieder mit und ohne Klavierbegleitung (Folk songs with and without piano accompaniment)
* Kindergesangbuch (Children's hymns)

### Writings

* Musikalische Grammatik oder theoretisch-praktischer Unterricht in der Tonkunst (Musical grammar or theoretical-practical classes in music)
* Die Umwelt des Alten Testaments (The environment of the Old Testament)
* System der musikalische Harmonielehre (System of musical harmony)
* Der musikalische Hauslehrer oder theoretisch-praktische Anleitung (The theoretical and practical guide for the music teacher)
* Musikalische Kompositionslehre (Theory of musical composition)
# Gros Van

The Gros Van (2,189 m) is a mountain of the Swiss Prealps, overlooking the Col des Mosses in the canton of Vaud. It lies on the range between the Lac de l'Hongrin and the valley of Ormont-Dessous.
# Governor Waller

Governor Waller may refer to:
* Bill Waller (1926–2011), 56th Governor of Mississippi
* Thomas M. Waller (1839–1924), 51st Governor of Connecticut
# Governor Washburn

Governor Washburn may refer to:
* Cadwallader C. Washburn (1818–1882), 11th Governor of Wisconsin
* Emory Washburn (1800–1877), 22nd Governor of Massachusetts
* Israel Washburn Jr. (1813–1883), 29th Governor of Maine
* Peter T. Washburn (1814–1870), 31st Governor of Vermont
* William B. Washburn (1820–1887), 28th Governor of Massachusetts
# Guachucal

Guachucal is a town and municipality in the Nariño Department, Colombia.
# Fatehgarh Sahib railway station

Fatehgarh Sahib (station code: FGSB) is a small railway station located in Fatehgarh Sahib district in the Indian state of Punjab and serves Fatehgarh Sahib city which is the administrative headquarter of the district. Fatehgarh Sahib station falls under Ambala railway division of Northern Railway zone of Indian Railways.

## The railway station

Fatehgarh Sahib railway station is located at an elevation of 268.07 metres (879.5 ft). This station is located on the single track, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge, Sirhind–Nangal line. Station was established in 1927 when Sirhind to Nangal line was opened.

## Electrification

Fatehgarh Sahib railway station line is electrified. Sections of Sirhind–Nangal line were completed and energized at various times between 1999 and 2001 and complete line from Sirhind to Nangal was tested and inspected by CRS on 24 April 2001.

## Amenities

Fatehgarh Sahib railway station has two booking windows and all basic amenities like drinking water, public toilets, sheltered area with adequate seating. There is one platform at the station.
# Intercalated nucleus

Intercalated nucleus (nucleus intercalatus) called also Staderini nucleus is a group of nerve cells in the medulla oblongata, between the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve (lateral to the intercalated nucleus) and the nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve (medial to intercalated nucleus), forming part of the perihypoglossal nuclear complex.
Function. Probably involved in the control of the vestibuloocular reflex and may contribute to the vertical neural integrator.
Described for the first time in 1894 by Rutilio Staderini (1861–1942), Italian neuroanatomist
# Anisogramma

Anisogramma is a genus of fungi in the family Gnomoniaceae. The genus contains three species. One of them, Anisogramma anomala, is the cause of eastern filbert blight.
# Littleton, Kentucky

Littleton is a Census Designated Place in Clay County, Kentucky, United States. Littleton is located on the northern border of Manchester.
# Frederick Leslie

Frederick Leslie may refer to:
* Frederick W. Leslie (born 1951), NASA scientist
* Frederick Hobson Leslie (1855–1892), British actor
# Elsdon, New Zealand

Elsdon is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Porirua located immediately to the west to of the city's CBD. The area was named after Elsdon Best, a historian who studied archaeological sites in the area. Its industrial area, the largest in the city, is known for housing the factory used by New Zealand chocolate company Whittaker's; constructed in 1969, it remains the company's sole production site to this day.

## Demographics

Elsdon is combined with the neighbouring suburb of Takapūwāhia for statistical purposes. The Elsdon-Takapuwahia statistical area covers 10.29 km$^2$ (3.97 sq mi) and also includes the large rural area of Colonial Knob to the west. It had an estimated population of 2,540 as of June 2023, with a population density of 246.84 people per km$^2$.
Elsdon-Takapuwahia had a population of 2,418 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 261 people (12.1%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 201 people (9.1%) since the 2006 census. There were 696 households, comprising 1,194 males and 1,224 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female. The median age was 31.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 603 people (24.9%) aged under 15 years, 582 (24.1%) aged 15 to 29, 996 (41.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 240 (9.9%) aged 65 or older.
The percentage of people born overseas was 18.5, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 41.7% had no religion, 44.3% were Christian, 2.2% had Māori religious beliefs, 1.9% were Hindu, 0.5% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 1.7% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 267 (14.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 399 (22.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $25,700, compared with $31,800 nationally. 153 people (8.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 849 (46.8%) people were employed full-time, 243 (13.4%) were part-time, and 135 (7.4%) were unemployed.
The census revealed numerous trends in the area that differ from New Zealand as a whole. Ethnically, the statistical area was 52.9% Māori, 47.8% European/Pākehā, 28.7% Pasifika, 10% Asian, 0.7% MELAA, and 0.6% other. Meanwhile, New Zealand in its entirety is 70.2% European and only 16.5% Māori. Other differences include a larger Christian population (44.3% in the area compared to 36.5% nationally) and lower median income ($25,700 in the area compared to $31,800 nationally).

## Education

Porirua School, a co-educational state primary school for Years 1 to 6, is located in Elsdon. The roll was 160 as of August 2024.
OneSchool Global, a co-educational private composite school for Years 1 to 13 with numerous international sites, has a campus in the suburb.
High school students living in Elsdon are zoned for the state secondary school Mana College in Takapūwāhia.
# HaYarkon 96

HaYarkon 96 is a historic International Style building in Tel Aviv, Israel, built in 1935 and reconstructed in 2012. Its penthouse with sea-views, was at one point, considered to be the most expensive property in the country. The building was built by Pinchas Bieżoński, while its reconstruction was led by Shlomo Grofman (former chairman of Africa-Israel) and Zalman Shoval (a former Israeli ambassador).

## History

HaYarkon 96 is a historic Bauhaus-influenced International-Style building with a modern extension built in.
The original building was constructed in 1935 by architect Pinchas Bieżoński (1885–1992), shaped like the Hebrew letter "ח" (or an English "n") and surrounding a narrow front courtyard. Zalman Shoval, who was involved in its preservation, lived there with his family from the 1940s through the 1970s.
In 2012, the building was reopened following a careful preservation project. During the preservation, an extension was added, bringing the building's floor count to nine stories. Along with the additional floors, the building has 45 residential units - some with views of the Mediterranean Sea. It is located on HaYarkon Street, a short distance from the Tel Aviv Promenade.

## Gallery

* One wing of the HaYarkon 96 building
* HaYarkon 96
# Charles Honorton

Charles Henry Honorton (February 5, 1946 – November 4, 1992) was an American parapsychologist and was one of the leaders of a collegial group of researchers who were determined to apply established scientific research methods to the examination of what they called "anomalous information transfer" (extrasensory perception) and other phenomena associated with the "mind/body problem"—the idea that mind might, at least in some respects, have a physical existence independent of the body.

## Biography

Over several decades, Honorton conducted many experiments, the most famous and significant of which involved the use of the Ganzfeld experiment technique for creating a state of sensory deprivation. His hypothesis was that the information "channel," or transfer mechanism, in ESP was "weak" and easily diluted or drowned out by normal sensory input.
Honorton rejected the term parapsychology, instead preferring to approach extra-sensory perception as one would any other area of psychophysics, "for the first time in history, we have begun to forge an empirical approach to one of the most profound and ancient of mysteries, the nature of mind and its relationship to the physical world."
Honorton was a research fellow at the Institute for Parapsychology in Durham, North Carolina, from 1966 to 1967, a research associate, then senior research associate, then director of Research Division of Parapsychology and Psychophysics at Maimonides Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York, from 1967 to 1979. After that he became the director of Psychophysical Research Laboratories in the Forrestal Research Center located in Princeton, New Jersey, from 1979 to 1989, and from there he moved on to become a researcher at Edinburgh University from 1991 until his death.
In 1971, Felicia Parise, an American psychic, allegedly moved a pill bottle across a kitchen counter by psychokinesis. Her feats were endorsed by Honorton. Science writer Martin Gardner wrote Parise had "bamboozled" Honorton by moving the bottle by an invisible thread stretched between her hands.
A review published by Daryl Bem and Honorton (posthumously), "Does Psi Exist? Replicable Evidence for an Anomalous Process of Information Transfer" in 1994 provided a discussion of the pairs evaluation of Ganzfeld research, criticisms, refinements and implications. The review was criticized by Richard Wiseman, Terence Hines, Ray Hyman among others who identified a number of errors in the piece which cast considerable doubt on the scholarship and conclusions argued.
Honorton died in on November 4, 1992, of a heart attack.
# Conneaut Township, Pennsylvania

Conneaut Township is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania:
* Conneaut Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania
* Conneaut Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania
# EOTD

eOTD is the acronym for the ECCMA Open Technical Dictionary. The dictionary is a language-independent database of concepts with associated terms, definitions and images used to unambiguously describe individuals, organizations, locations, goods, services, processes, rules, and regulations. The eOTD is maintained by the Electronic Commerce Code Management Association (ECCMA).

## History

The eOTD was developed with the support of the Defense Logistics Information Service (DLIS) an agency of the US Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). The eOTD is the first dictionary to be compliant with ISO 22745 (open technical dictionaries).

## Structure

The eOTD contains terms, definitions and images linked to concept identifiers. eOTD concept identifiers are used to create unambiguous language independent descriptions of individuals, organizations, locations, goods, services, processes, rules and regulations. The process of using concept identifiers from an external open technical dictionary is a form of semantic encoding compliant with the requirements of ISO 8000-110:2008, the international standard for the exchange of quality master data.
The eOTD concept identifiers are in the public domain. Using public domain identifiers as metadata creates portable data that can be legally separated from the software application that was used to create it. The dictionary contains concepts from international, national and industry standards including over 400,000 concepts of class (approved item name), property (attribute), units of measure, currency and common enumerated value (e.g., days of the week). The eOTD does not include a class hierarchy or class-property relationships.

## Use

Companies use the eOTD to create data requirement specifications as Identification Guides (IGs) or cataloging templates. These Identification Guides contain the class-property relationships and are used for cataloging, to measure data quality as well as to create requests for data or requests for data validation.

## Industrial products and services categorization standards

* eCl@ss
* ETIM (standard)
* UNSPSC
* eOTD
* RosettaNet
# Live from Death Valley

"Live from Death Valley" is a single by experimental hip hop group Death Grips, released on June 28, 2011, through Deathbomb Arc.

## Background

In June 2011, free downloads of "Live from Death Valley" were made available through Deathbomb Arc's Bandcamp page, with cover art for the single made by Mario Zoots.
In late August 2016, Deathbomb Arc issued cassettes for sale on their website, stating that it had "been requested time and again to get some sort of physical release".
On July 11, 2022, the two tracks were re-released on streaming services.
# Livingston Hall

Livingston Hall (May 5, 1903 – November 18, 1995) was most notably the Roscoe Pound Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. He graduated from Harvard Law in 1927 before working in private practice and as a US Attorney. Hall returned to Harvard and began teaching in 1932. He retired in 1971.
During World War II, Hall served in the Army as a lieutenant colonel. He received the Congressional Medal of Freedom in 1946. In 1985, the ABA established the Livingston Hall Juvenile Justice Award due to Hall's efforts in the area of juvenile law.
During Hall's career, he participated in a number of committees and studies. A collection of over 3000 papers has been assembled and made available for study.
Hall was married to Elizabeth Blodgett Hall, founder of Simon's Rock College.

## Sources

* New York Times Obituary
* ABA Livingston Hall Juvenile Justice Award
# EUR (disambiguation)

EUR is the ISO 4217 currency code for the Euro, the European Union currency.
EUR may also refer to:
* EUR, Rome, a residential and business district in Rome, Italy
* Eastern Union Railway, a mid-nineteenth century railway company in East Anglia
* Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, in the U.S. Department of State
* Erasmus University Rotterdam, in the Netherlands
* Estimated ultimate recovery, or expected ultimate recovery
* EUR.1 movement certificate, for the reduction of import duties (preferential treatment between certain countries)
* EUR-Lex, a service on the official website of the European Union
# Liying railway station

Liying railway station (simplified Chinese: 李营站; traditional Chinese: 李營站; pinyin: Lǐyíng Zhàn; station code: 24710) is a train station on the Beijing–Kowloon Railway in Daxing District, Beijing. This station has no passenger services since its completion in 2001.
Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway is parallel to Beijing–Kowloon Railway near this station.
# Lixa

Lixa (Portuguese:) is a Portuguese city in Felgueiras Municipality, with 4,233 inhabitants in 2001. It has four parishes, Vila Cova da Lixa, Santão, Borba de Godim and Macieira da Lixa, that adds 12,58 km$^2$ in area.

## Parishes

* Vila Cova da Lixa
* Santão
* Borba de Godim
* Macieira da Lixa
# East Huinan station

East Huinan (simplified Chinese: 惠南东; traditional Chinese: 惠南東; pinyin: Huìnán Dōng) is a station on Line 16 of the Shanghai Metro in Pudong, Shanghai. It opened on 29 December 2013 as part of the first section of Line 16 from Luoshan Road to Dishui Lake.
The station has 4 platforms, but only the 2 outer platforms are in regular service. Express trains usually pass through the middle 2 tracks. The station is in Haishen Village. The roof above the elevated platforms is designed in a traditional Chinese style.
# Eads School Gymnasium

The Eads School Gymnasium is a historic Mission Revival-style school gymnasium in Eads, Colorado. It was built in 1929 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.
The gymnasium was important in Eads for providing an alternative to the basement of the 1923-built Eads Community Church (also NRHP-listed) for indoor basketball and other community events. The construction of this building reflected the increasingly common opinion of the time that a complete education included physical education. It is credited with providing advantages that contributed to the success of the basketball team during the 1930s and 1940s. It also supported women's basketball and other sports.
# Livistona boninensis

Livistona boninensis is a species of flowering plant in the palm family Arecaceae, native to the Bonin Islands of Japan. It has been introduced into the Volcano Islands, also Japanese.
# Locative adverb

A locative adverb is a type of adverb that refers to a location or to a combination of a location and a relation to that location. Generally, a locative adverb is semantically equivalent to a prepositional phrase involving a locative or directional preposition. In English, for example, homeward is a locative adverb, specifying a location "home" and a relation "toward" (in this case a direction), and is equivalent to the phrase "toward home". The relation need not be a direction, as it can be any relation that can be specified by a locational preposition such as to, from, in, at, near, toward, or away from. For example, the word home is itself a locative adverb in a sentence like "I took him home today" or "I found him home today"; in the former case, it is equivalent to the phrase "to home", and in the latter to the phrase "at home".
Pro-form locative adverbs generally form a closed class and are particularly important in a language. Examples in English include there (meaning "at that place"), whither (= "to what place"), and hence (= "from this place"). As can be seen from the examples below, these anaphoric locative adverbs generally have a close relationship with the demonstratives (in English, this and that). They are also usually closely related to locative interrogative adverbs; in English, there is a formal relationship between here, hence, hither; there, thence, thither; and where, whence, whither.

## Usage in English

| Demonstrative or interrogative | "At" locative (Location) | "From" locative (Origin) | "To" locative (Direction) |
| What | Where | Whence | Whither |
| This/these | Here | Hence | Hither |
| That/those | There | Thence | Thither |
| Yon | Yond | | Yonder |
* 1 2 3 Archaic or obsolete.
# Earl Carruthers

Earl Malcolm "Jock" Caruthers Sr. (May 27, 1910 – April 5, 1971) was an American jazz saxophonist associated with the Kansas City jazz scene.

## Early life and education

Born in Monroe County, Mississippi, Caruthers studied at Fisk University in the 1920s.

## Career

Carruthers began playing in Bennie Moten's ensemble in 1928. He worked in St. Louis, Missouri early in the next decade with Dewey Jackson and Fate Marable, then joined the band of Jimmie Lunceford in 1932. He recorded with Lunceford often and remained a member of his orchestra until Lunceford's death in 1947.
Caruthers played with Joe Thomas and Ed Wilcox. He later worked as a milkman at Meyers Sanitary Milk through the 1960s.

## Personal life

Earl Caruthers died in Kansas City. He had three children.
# Living for Tomorrow

Living for Tomorrow (僕たちは明日に向かって生きるのだ, Bokutachi wa Asu ni Mukatte Ikiru no da) is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Taishi Zaō, (a boys love and girls love pen-name for Mikiyo Tsuda). It is licensed in North America by Digital Manga Publishing, which released the manga on May 20, 2009. It is licensed in Germany by Egmont Manga, which anticipates its release in May 2010. It is licensed in France by Taifu Comics. It is about a boy who discovers that his late mother could make others lucky, and he wonders if he inherited her gift. To find out, he confesses his feelings to his friend, as he hopes that by dating his friend, he can make him lucky.

## Reception

Leroy Douresseaux, writing for Comic Book Bin, found the story to be "not particularly noteworthy", but enjoyed Zaou's art, especially on characters' faces, ultimately deciding that the art lifted the manga as a whole from being "average". Courtney Kraft, writing for Graphic Novel Reporter, felt that the manga never became "gratuitous and trashy", enjoying the themes of "friendship, trust, and the female fantasy of young men opening up to each other". However, Kraft felt that this fantasy meant that the dialogue between the characters was unrealistically "clean" and the characters were "too understanding and mature" to be in their early high school years. Michelle Smith, writing for PopCultureShock, had been unimpressed with Mikiyo Tsuda's shōjo works, but felt that Zaou's sense of humour was better suited to yaoi.
# Eastern Main Road

The Eastern Main Road is a major road in Trinidad and Tobago running from Port of Spain in the west to Manzanilla in the east. The towns of the East–West Corridor are strung along its route. Until the construction of the Churchill–Roosevelt Highway (in 1941) and the Beetham Highway (in 1955–56) the Eastern Main Road was the main route of travel between Port of Spain and Arima. Along much of its length, the Eastern Main Road is notoriously congested.
The Eastern Main Road began as the camino real (royal road) between Port of Spain and Tunapuna. By the 1840s it was extended to Arima, and in the 1880s it was extended to Sangre Grande, to serve the cacao-producing districts in eastern Trinidad.
# Eastern fiddler ray

The eastern fiddler ray (Trygonorrhina fasciata), also called the banjo shark, fiddler ray, fiddler, green skate, magpie fiddler ray, parrit, southern fiddler ray or southern fiddler, is a species of fish in the Rhinobatidae family. It is endemic to eastern Australia. Its natural habitat is open seas.

## Sources

* ↑ Huveneers, C. (2015). "Trygonorrhina fasciata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41866A43270478. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41866A43270478.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
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