OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tedder certificate

A Tedder certificate was awarded to citizens of foreign countries who assisted British service personnel to escape from German captivity in Western Europe during the Second World War. It was issued in the name of Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder with individual awards vetted and sanctioned by MI9. More than 35,000 applications for the award were processed.

## Background

During the First World War the British Armed Forces awarded the Allied Subjects' Medal to Allied or neutral citizens who had rendered assistance to British personnel – often those who had escaped from behind enemy lines. During the Second World War the King's Medal for Courage in the Cause of Freedom and the King's Medal for Service in the Cause of Freedom were awarded for similar actions, including to many who had provided aid to British personnel evading Axis forces or escaping from captivity. The Tedder certificate was instituted as a lower level award for those who did not qualify for the medals.

## Award

A committee of the MI9 escape organisation was responsible for drawing up an initial list of potential recipients, vetting applicants and authorising the awards to deserving foreign citizens. The committee was headed by Donald Darling, who had headed the MI9 branch in Gibraltar during the war. Some recommendations came via the Royal Air Force's (RAF) Missing Research and Enquiry Service. This organisation worked from 1944 to 1952 to determine the fate of missing RAF personnel and to locate their graves across Europe. MI9 processed more than 35,000 claims from Western Europe in two years alone and also awarded compensation and expenses where applicable. Care was taken to weed out fraudulent claims, particularly from those who had collaborated with Axis occupiers and were now seeking recognition from the Allies as a means of avoiding persecution.
It had originally been intended that British Prime Minister Winston Churchill would sign each certificate individually. However, as airmen were in the majority of those who were helped, the RAF wanted the certificates issued in the name of one of their officers. Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder was selected as he was also deputy supreme Allied commander. Tedder, however, chose to use a rubber stamp facsimile rather than signing each certificate individually. Similar certificates were produced for the other theatres of war: the Mediterranean version was signed by Field Marshal Harold Alexander and the Far East version by Admiral of the Fleet Lord Mountbatten.
# Temple F (Selinus)

Temple F at Selinus in Sicily is a Greek temple of Magna Graecia of the Doric order. It was probably dedicated to Dionysus or Athena and is one of the three temples on the East Hill. The temple's dating is very uncertain, but it probably belongs to the middle of the sixth century BC.

## Description

The temple has six columns at the front and fourteen on the flanks and represented a development of the very elongated archaic temple to a more balanced form which was becoming the norm on the Greek mainland as well, and foreshadowing the 2:1 intercolumniation ratio between the long and short sides. The colonnade contained a wider pteron than usual in temples built in Sicily and, as a result, a rather narrow naos with an adyton at the rear and a pronaos with four columns. Except for those in the facade, the columns lack entasis.
The intercolumniation of the peristasis was closed with high masonry barriers. The barriers are about half the height of the columns and were perhaps built in a second phase of construction, perhaps in order to transform the peristasis into a cultic area.
In 1823, during excavations, two half metopes carved in tufa were discovered, depicting Dionysus and Athena respectively. They are now kept in the Antonino Salinas Regional Archeological Museum in Palermo.
# Temple Gate Polytechnic

Temple Gate Polytechnic is a private Nigerian tertiary institution that was established in 2005 and accredited by the National Board for Technical Education in 2009. The polytechnic is located in Aba, Abia State and it offers National Diploma and Higher Diploma courses in undergraduate levels.

## Faculties

The institution offers programmes under the following faculties;
* Faculty of Business and Management Technology
* Faculty of Engineering Technology
* Faculty of Environmental Design and Technology
* Faculty of Hospitality and Related Technology
* Faculty of Industrial and Applied Sciences Technology
* Faculty of Information Studies Technology
# Telehaptics

Telehaptic is the term for computer generated tactile (tangible or touch) sensations (haptics) over a network, between physically distant human beings, or between a local user and a remote location, using sensors and effectors. Microcontrollers input information from sensors, and control effectors to create human sensations as outputs.
Sensors range from pressure, temperature and kinesthetic sensing devices, to biofeedback equipment. Haptic effectors, evoking precise perceivable sensations, range from small motors, fans, heating elements, or vibrators; to micro-voltage electrodes which gently stimulate areas of the skin (creating subtle, localized, "tingling" electrotactile sensations). Telehaptic interactivity, a form of assistive technology, may involve synesthesia; e.g. sensed inputs such as breathing, brain activity, or heartbeats might be presented as gentle, precisely variable bodily sensations in any combination, including warmth, cold, vibration, pressure, etc.; opening possibilities for levels of awareness, and interpersonal communication, difficult (or impossible) to attain prior to telehaptic (and biofeedback) technologies.
One of the challenges entailed in telehaptic applications involves the requirement for stability and the synchronized functioning of multiple tasks in order to effectively operate in a real-time environment.

## Applications

Interaction using telehaptic technology offers a new approach to communication including interpersonal interaction. It can be deployed to carry out telehealth encounters and the so-called telerehabilitation. Since the technology provides sensed inputs such as brain activity, heartbeats, and breathing, it creates an effective telehealth encounter that can enable real-time examination by a health professional. Telehaptic interactivity is now being integrated in therapy such as in sampling the position of body parts and the provision of resistive forces using telehaptic virtual gloves. Once challenges involving the irregularities of the communication network, delay, jitter, and packet loss, among others are addressed, telesurgery is also expected to advance.
Telehaptic systems are also useful in different handling applications. There are researcher, for instance, who are able to utilize its interfaces to perform actions such as pushing or more complicated tasks that require dexterity like grasping micro-objects. That is why, while the technology has not been perfected yet, scientists are optimistic about its potential. It means that telehaptic applications could play an important role in the future of microassembly and biological applications (e.g. handling cells and tissues). The concept of teleoperation, which involves the remote operation of a machine, demonstrates the potential of telehaptic technology application in the case of risky activities and tasks such as nuclear waste disposal and wreckage exploration.
# Tavern Creek

Tavern Creek may refer to:
* Tavern Creek (Missouri River), a stream in Missouri
* Tavern Creek (Osage River), a stream in Missouri
# Heteroteucha

Heteroteucha is a genus of moths of the family Oecophoridae.

## Species

* Heteroteucha anthodora (Meyrick, 1884)
* Heteroteucha asema (Turner, 1917)
* Heteroteucha aspasia (Meyrick, 1884)
* Heteroteucha dichroella (Zeller, 1877)
* Heteroteucha dimochla (Turner, 1944)
* Heteroteucha distephana (Meyrick, 1884)
* Heteroteucha epistrepta (Turner, 1940)
* Heteroteucha initiata (Meyrick, 1920)
* Heteroteucha kershawi (Lower, 1893)
* Heteroteucha leptobaphes (Turner, 1944)
* Heteroteucha occidua (Meyrick, 1884)
* Heteroteucha ophthalmica (Meyrick, 1884)
* Heteroteucha paraclista (Meyrick, 1913)
* Heteroteucha parvula (Meyrick, 1884)
* Heteroteucha porphyryplaca (Lower, 1893)
* Heteroteucha rhoecosema (Turner, 1941)
* Heteroteucha rhoecozona (Turner, 1946)
* Heteroteucha stereomita (Turner, 1944)
* Heteroteucha subflava (Turner, 1944)
* Heteroteucha translatella (Walker, 1864)
* Heteroteucha tritoxantha (Meyrick, 1886)
* Heteroteucha xanthisma (Turner, 1917)
# Heteroteuthidinae

Heteroteuthidinae is a subfamily of bobtail squid encompassing six genera and 17 recognized species. Unlike the other two subfamilies in Sepiolidae, they are pelagic as adults.

## Classification

* Subfamily Heteroteuthinae
** Genus Amphorateuthis
*** Amphorateuthis alveatus
** Genus Heteroteuthis
*** Subgenus Heteroteuthis
**** Heteroteuthis dispar, Odd Bobtail
**** Heteroteuthis weberi
*** Subgenus Stephanoteuthis
**** Heteroteuthis dagamensis
**** Heteroteuthis hawaiiensis
**** Heteroteuthis serventyi
** Genus Iridoteuthis
** Genus Nectoteuthis
*** Nectoteuthis pourtalesi
** Genus Sepiolina
*** Sepiolina nipponensis, Japanese Bobtail
** Genus Stoloteuthis
*** Stoloteuthis leucoptera, Butterfly Bobtail Squid
# Tekava

Tekava is an island of the Gambier Islands of French Polynesia.
# Heudicourt, Somme

Heudicourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Heudicourt is situated on the D181 and D58 crossroads, some 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Saint-Quentin.
# Hexachaeta shannoni

Hexachaeta shannoni is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Hexachaeta of the family Tephritidae.
# Bailleau-le-Pin

Bailleau-le-Pin (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France.
# Firetail

Firetail is a common name for several bird species:
* Red-browed firetail, Neochmia temporalis, or red-browed finch
* Red-faced firetail, Neochmia ruficauda, star finch
* Beautiful firetail, Stagonopleura bella
* Diamond firetail, Stagonopleura guttata
* Red-eared firetail or Western firetail, Stagonopleura oculata
# Gloeodinium viscum

Gloeodinium viscum is a dinoflagellate symbiont of Millepora dichotoma.
# Mark E. Brandon

Mark Edward Brandon is an American lawyer and academic. He is the dean of the University of Alabama School of Law.

## Early life

Mark E. Brandon was born in Georgia and grew up in Birmingham, Alabama. He graduated from the University of Montevallo. He earned a JD from the University of Alabama School of Law, followed by a master's degree from the University of Michigan and a PhD from Princeton University.

## Career

Brandon was "an assistant attorney general for Alabama from 1978-1980, a staff attorney and consumer unit coordinator for Legal Services Corp. and has worked with private firms in Alabama and Michigan."
Brandon taught political science at the University of Michigan and the University of Oklahoma. He was a professor of Law and Political Science at the Vanderbilt University Law School until July 1, 2014, when he succeeded Ken Randall and interim dean William S. Brewbaker III as the dean of the University of Alabama School of Law.
Brandon is the author of two books.

## Selected works

* Brandon, Mark E. (1998). Free in the World: American Slavery and Constitutional Failure. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691015811. OCLC 260098271. ProQuest 9216795.
* Brandon, Mark E. (2013). States of Union: Family and Change in the American Constitutional Order. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. ISBN 9780700619238. OCLC 864561870.
# Jude Broughan

Jude Broughan (born 1976) is an artist and educator, born in Hamilton, New Zealand and now based in Brooklyn, New York. Broughan creates photo-based assemblages, slicing and stitching together original photographs, fabrics, painted and printed elements, in formal compositions that are abstracted and allegorical. She also creates limited edition prints and artists' books.

## Career

Broughan has had solo exhibitions at venues such as Benrubi Gallery. New York (2021, 2020, 2017), Marisa Newman Projects, New York (2017, 2019), Calder and Lawson Gallery, Hamilton, New Zealand (2015), Dimensions Variable, Miami (2014), and Churner & Churner, New York (2014). Her work has been included in numerous group exhibitions and projects including the Museum of Arts and Design, the MoMA Design Store, New York; Bakehouse Art Complex, Miami; Jarvis Dooney Gallerie, Berlin; Document, Chicago; Sanderson Contemporary Art, Auckland, New Zealand; Magnan Metz, New York; Dorfman Projects, New York; the Essl Museum, Vienna, and 601Artspace, New York.
Broughan holds an M.F.A. from Hunter College, New York, and a B.F.A. from the School of Visual Arts, New York. Her work has been discussed in the Site 95 journal, Kolaj Magazine, Musée Magazine, Domino, Art in America, Blouin Artinfo, Collector Daily, Eye Contact, the Village Voice, and Whitehot Magazine, among others.
Broughan teaches in the Visual Arts Department at the SUNY College at Old Westbury, New York. She has held teaching positions at Hunter College, and Borough of Manhattan Community College, CUNY. She has given artist talks at institutions including Hercules Art Studio Program, Pratt Institute, and School of Visual Arts.

## Awards

Pollock-Krasner Foundation Grant (2015), and a Yaddo Residency (2018).
# Juncus compressus

Juncus compressus is a species of flowering plant in the rush family, Juncaceae. It is native to temperate Eurasia.Juncus compressus is easy to confuse with J. gerardii.

## Description

About 80 cm in height. Rhizomes are short-creeping or densely branching. There are 1-3 cataphylls, and 1-2 leaves. The leaf blade is flat to slightly channeled, measuring 5–35 cm long and 0.8–2 mm wide. Inflorescences consist of 5-60 flowers. Flowers have six stamens, with filaments measuring 0.5-0.7 mm and anthers 0.6–1 mm. Seed capsules are brown.

## Habitat

Juncus compressus prefers calcareous wetlands and is often associated with disturbed habitats, such as ditches, roadsides, railroads, and canal banks.

## Invasive species

The plant is considered an invasive species in the United States of America.
US Spread :
| State/Province | First Observed |
| IL | 1982 |
| IN | 1987 |
| MI | 1980 |
| NY | 1895 |
| WI | 1974 |
# Mõttus

Mõttus is an Estonian surname (meaning "capercaillie"), and may refer to:
* Jaan Mõttus (1891–1942), Estonian politician
* Alfred Julius Mõttus (1886–1942), Estonian politician
# June Carlson

June Carlson (April 16, 1924 – December 9, 1996) was an American film actress.

## Early years

A native of Los Angeles, Carlson was the daughter of Hjalmas Carlson and Carrie Rogers Carlson.

## Film

Carlson began her career as a child actress, appearing in the role of Lucy Jones in Twentieth Century Fox's Jones Family series of films. Once she was older, she appeared in two exploitation films Delinquent Daughters and Mom and Dad. Her final film was the 1948 western The Hawk of Powder River. She then married and retired from acting.

## Personal life

On June 2, 1945, Carlson married Donald C. McKean, a movie producer. She "left Hollywood ... to raise her three children and later worked in a department store cosmetics section."

## Death

Carlson died of an aneurysm in San Clemente, California, December 9, 1996.

## Selected filmography

* Every Saturday Night (1936)
* Educating Father (1936)
* Back to Nature (1936)
* Checkers (1937)
* The Jones Family in Big Business (1937)
* Hot Water (1937)
* A Trip to Paris (1938)
* Quick Millions (1939)
* Delinquent Daughters (1944)
* Mom and Dad (1945)
* Come Out Fighting (1945)
* The Hawk of Powder River (1948)
# Jeromy

Jeromy may refer to:
* Jeromy Burnitz, American former professional baseball player
* Jeromy Carriere, Canadian computer software engineer
* Jeromy Cox, American colorist
* Jeromy Farkas, American politician
* Jeromy Miles, American football safety
# Myanmar Women Self Defense Center

Myanmar Women Self Defense Center (MWSDC) was founded by three women in February 2016 in Yangon, Myanmar. MWSDC aim to build other Myanmar Women's knowledge of how to protect themselves when faced with sexual harassment.
Founding members are Michelle, Evelyn Yu Yu Swe and Saw Yu Ko.
# N8-acetylspermidine oxidase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming)

N$^8$-acetylspermidine oxidase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming) (EC 1.5.3.15) is an enzyme with systematic name N$^8$-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    N$^8$-acetylspermidine + O$_2$ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ propane-1,3-diamine + 4-acetamidobutanal + H$_2$O$_2$
This enzyme is also active n N$^1$-acetylspermine, and it has weak activity on N$^1$,N$^{12}$-diacetylspermine.
# Mark Noot

Mark Noot (born January 28, 1975) is a Canadian former ice sledge hockey player. He won a gold medal with Team Canada at the 2006 Winter Paralympics.
# Jeffrey Michael

Jeffrey Michael (born 1955/1956) is an billionaire who was a founding investor of healthcare technology company CorVel Corporation.
In 1987, Michael joined with Gordon Clemons and Jim Michael and founded CorVel Corporation (originally named FORTIS), a consolidation of three small vocational rehabilitation firms then valued at $2 million with over 200 associates. As of 2022, he owns 38% of CorVal through an investment vehicle, Corstar Holdings, Inc.
Michael is married with 4 children and lives in Minnetonka, Minnesota.
Forbes lists his net worth as of April 2022 at $1.1 billion USD.
# Mario Martinez (weightlifter)

Mario Alvarez Martinez (July 6, 1957 – January 14, 2018) was an Olympic weightlifter for the United States. His coach was Jim Schmitz.

## Early life

Martinez was born and raised on a ranch in Soledad, California. At a young age, Martinez strength trained under a tree with a non-revolving exercise bar and weights. He tied some of these weights on the bar with just a rope so that they would stay on while he would lift. Martinez was so strong that he eventually began bending all of his bars because of all the weight he load on. He would then take a hammer and bend the bars back into place to straighten them and continue on with his training.

## Career

Martinez's lifting career in Olympic weightlifting lasted for over 23 years. Throughout his career, he earned himself 10 national championships, 3 Olympics including a silver medal and a 4th-place finish, 3 Pan Am medals, on top of being the first American to snatch over 400 lb and clean & jerk over 500 lb in competition. Martinez had very rough training techniques. He was well known for his bent-arm pulling style. When he would rack his cleans, only his finger tips would be on the bar and he had to regrip for the jerk. When his hands were to slip off, he would have to grab the bar again.

## Weightlifting achievements

* Silver Medalist in Olympic Games (1984)
* Olympic Games team member (1984, 1988, and 1992)
* Silver Medalist in Senior World Championships (1984)
* Pan Am Games Champion (1987)
* Silver Medalist in Pan Am Games (1991)
* Bronze Medalist in Pan Am Games (1995)
* Senior National Champion (1982-1989, 1992, and 1992)
* Senior American record holder in snatch, clean and jerk, and total (1972-1992)
# NALT

NALT may refer to:
* National Agricultural Library Thesaurus (NALT). NALT is used by organizations as a key component for organizing and describing agricultural information.
* Northwest Achievement Levels Test
* Nasal-associated lymphoid tissue
* N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine
# Judge and Jeopardy

Judge and Jeopardy (首, Kubi, transl. Neck) is a 1968 Japanese drama film directed by Shiro Moritani. It is based on the story "The Lawyer" by attorney Hiroshi Masaki and his account of Japan's "Headless Murder Case" in which a police officer beat a suspect to death during the Pacific War.

## Release

Judge and Jeopardy was distributed theatrically in Japan by Toho on 8 June 1968. In Japan, the film the awards for Best Film Score, Best Art Direction at the Mainichi Film Concours.
# Jenő Pongrácz

Dr. Jenő Pongrácz (27 November 1852 – 9 August 1933) was a Hungarian jurist, who served as Crown Prosecutor of Hungary from 1910 to 1923.
# N-philes

N-philes are group of radical molecules which are specifically attracted to the C=N bonds, defying often the selectivity rules of electrophilic attack. N-philes can often masquerade as electrophiles, where acyl radicals are excellent examples which interact with pi electrons of aryl groups.
# N-nucleotide

N-nucleotides, or nontemplated nucleotides are believed to exist only to create diversity at V(D)J junctions (see V(D)J recombination) during lymphocyte development. The addition of these nucleotides is aided by an enzyme called Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)
# Marion County Airport

Marion County Airport may refer to:
* Marion County – Rankin Fite Airport in Hamilton, Alabama, United States (FAA: HAB)
* Dunnellon/Marion County Airport in Dunnellon, Florida, United States (FAA: X35)
* Marion County Airport (Georgia) in Buena Vista, Georgia, United States (FAA: 82A)
* Marion County Airport (South Carolina) in Marion, South Carolina, United States (FAA: MAO)
* Marion County Airport (Tennessee) in Jasper, Tennessee, United States (FAA: APT)
# Jugul

Jugul is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in Athani taluk of Belagavi district in Karnataka.

## Demographics

Jugul is a village in situated in southern part of India and north part of Karnataka State. Postal code of Jugul is 591242. Jugul sets its land with river Krishna also called Krishnamata. It shares another side of river with Maharashtra (Khidrapur) by boats.
As of 2001 India census, Jugul had a population of 8955 with 4531 males and 4424 females. It consists of separate government primary schools for boys and girls and also has a Urdu primary school. The village has only one high school i.e., Karnataka Shikshan Samiti Proud Shale (KSSHS).

## Bank

Jugul has only one nationalized bank i.e., Syndicate Bank which was started in 1972.

## Schools

* Sarakari Hiriya Prathmik Shale
* Urdu primary school
* Karnataka Shikshan Samiti Prathmik Shale (KSSPS)
* Karnataka Shikshan Samiti High School (KSSHS)
# Jennifer Lopez (meteorologist)

Jennifer Lopez is an American on-camera meteorologist for WSB-TV in Atlanta, Georgia and The Weather Channel. She began her career in 1997 at WTLV-TV in Jacksonville, Florida, and joined The Weather Channel in 2000. She stayed there until 2008, while she started working at KXAS-TV in Dallas, Texas. She left KXAS-TV in 2012. She rejoined The Weather Channel in April 2013.

## Career

In September 1997, Lopez landed her first position as a weekend meteorologist for WTLV-TV in Jacksonville, Florida. She was also a weather producer and weekend meteorologist at WPTV-TV in West Palm Beach, Florida.
In May 2000, Lopez joined The Weather Channel as on-camera meteorologist. She became the co-host of the PM Edition, which was called Evening Edition at the time. In March 2002, she spoke at the 15th Annual Working Women's Survival Show, discussing her career as a meteorologist. She left the network in 2008.
In June 2008, she became the weekday morning on-camera meteorologist for KXAS-TV in Dallas, Texas after a nationwide search for a replacement for seventeen-year veteran Rebecca Miller. In 2009, NBC 5 Today, the morning news program for KXAS, and for which Lopez was the meteorologist, won a Lone Star Emmy Award. In November 2010, she participated in the Spokes for Hope charity event, where she helped build bicycles for underprivileged children. She left KXAS in March 2012.
On April 20, 2013, Lopez returned to The Weather Channel doing weather updates during taped programming and was an on-camera meteorologist on Weather Center Live.
Lopez is a member of the American Meteorological Society (AMS), where she holds the seal of approval in television.

## Personal life

Lopez graduated with a Bachelor of Science in telecommunications from Marquette University. Lopez's second degree was a Bachelor of Science in Meteorology from Florida State University. She and her husband, a Southwest Airlines pilot, have two daughters.