OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Constant d'Hoffschmidt

Constant Ernest d'Hoffschmidt de Resteigne (1804–1873) was a Belgian businessman, mining engineer and Liberal politician who from 1847 to 1852 served as his country's foreign minister.

## Life

D'Hoffschmidt was born at Recogne on 7 March 1804, the youngest of his parents' six children. In June 1830, he became a member of the provincial assembly of Luxembourg, where he was an advocate for independence from the Netherlands.
In 1831, he married Léocadie Lamquet, who died the following year. He then married Eugénie de Steenhault, daughter of the provincial governor of Luxembourg, with whom he had two sons and two daughters.
In 1839, he was elected to the Belgian Chamber of Representatives from the constituency of Bastogne. In the chamber, he spoke in favour of the interests of Luxembourg, particularly with regard to charcoal, mining and forestry. His political views were those of an unstrident and conciliatory liberalism. In Sylvain Van de Weyer's shortlived "unity" ministry (1845–1846), he served as Minister of Public Works. In that capacity, he established a railway concession between Brussels and Arlon, via Dinant, that was awarded to an English company.
After the Liberal victory in the 1847 elections, he served as Foreign Minister in Charles Rogier's first government (1847–1852). His decision to appoint the former Liberal minister of justice Mathieu Leclercq as ambassador to the Holy See was rejected by Pope Pius IX in 1847, in response to which the post was left empty, without formally breaking off diplomatic relations, until Eugène, 8th Prince of Ligne, was appointed the following year.
D'Hoffschmidt was foreign minister during the revolutions that swept Western and Central Europe in 1848, leaving Belgium untouched but for the Risquons-Tout incident instigated from France. A number of foreign revolutionary agitators were expelled, among them Karl Marx. Nevertheless, Belgium was the first country on the European continent to recognise the French Second Republic established in 1848. The later years of his time in office were overshadowed by demands from Paris and Berlin to provide more favourable trading terms than those existing under the treaties in force. He lost his seat in the partial legislative elections of 1854, but was re-elected in the general election of 1857, sitting until 1863. As a member of parliament he continued to take an active interest in international rail connections with the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, France, and the states of the Zollverein.
In November 1854 he served as extraordinary envoy of Leopold I of Belgium to the Kingdom of Saxony to congratulate John of Saxony on his accession to the throne.
He was elected to the Senate in 1867, but lost his seat in 1870. He died at Deux-Acren on 14 February 1873. On 11 May his widow was awarded a state pension.

## Honours

* Order of Leopold: knight, 1 June 1845; officer, 9 June 1854.
* grand cordon of the Legion of Honour
* grand cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
* grand cross of the Order of Saint Michael of Bavaria
* Order of Glory, first class
# Constant dollar plan

Constant Dollar Plan is a portfolio investment plan where a simple variable ratio is used for rebalancing investments. The constant ratio plan was one of the first plans devised when institutions started to invest in the stock market in the 1940s. One type of plan is called a "variable ratio plan". There are several ways of executing these plans. The simplest variable ratio plan is called the Constant Dollar Plan where you take a simple ratio between asset classes and rebalance it as the value of the stocks change based on a fixed currency amount.

## Example

One possible scenario is an investor with $10,000 to invest. He invests half into stocks, and the other half into bonds or a money market fund. If his shares cost $10.00, he invested $5,000.00, so he has 500 shares. Later after a market move, he finds his shares are valued at $3.00 a share, so he has lost 70% of his stock portfolio. He now transfers $3,500 into the stock portfolio, in order to bring the value back to $5,000.00. He now has 1,666 shares. Later, the market recovers and his shares are now valued at $10.00 a share. His shares are now worth $16,660; he sells $11,660 and puts the proceeds into his bond portfolio. He now has $5,000 in the stock market and $13,160 in bonds.

### Analyses

"The most prominent aspect of this plan is the ease of execution. ... An investor is always certain about [their] fixed exposure to equities."
"In any period when stock prices go up and down, or down and up, and then return to the level at which they started, a Constant Dollar Fund will produce more capital gain than a Constant Ratio operation, assuming that both accounts hold the same amount of stocks at the beginning. It works out this way because, when there are profits, the entire gain is protected in the Constant Dollar Fund, whereas only part of it is transferred to the defensive side when a Constant Ratio is used. … For the same reason, a Constant Dollar Fund is a less profitable type of formula in a period marked by steadily rising [stock] prices."
# Kyle Cerminara

Kyle Cerminara is an American freestyle wrestler and mixed martial artist. He is a native of Lewiston, New York and attended high school at Lewiston-Porter Central School District. Cerminara attended college at the University at Buffalo and was named UB's Male Athlete of the Year twice while he was at Buffalo. In his final season there, Cerminara had a 34-3 record with a 5-0 MAC record. He was an NCAA All-American and a New York State Champion.
He is currently an assistant coach at the University of Pennsylvania and is also Head Wrestling Coach at Long Island MMA.

## Mixed martial arts record

Professional record breakdown :
| 3 matches | 3 wins | 0 losses |
| By decision | 3 | 0 |
| Res. | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location |
| Win | 3–0 | Ryan Williams | Decision (Unanimous) | UPC Unlimited - Up & Comers 10 | May 19, 2012 | 3 | 5:00 | Stockton, California |
| Win | 2-0 | John Doyle | Decision (Unanimous) | LITC - Thursday Night Fights 2 | August 4, 2011 | 3 | 5:00 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| Win | 1-0 | Ariel Sepulveda | Decision (Unanimous) | CFFC 7 - No Mercy | April 16, 2011 | 3 | 5:00 | Atlantic City, New Jersey |
# Kırksakallar, Çine

Kırksakallar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çine, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 264 (2022).
# Constantia Nek

Constantia Nek is a low pass over the Table Mountain range in Cape Town, South Africa, linking Constantia to Hout Bay in the west. It is one of three passes connecting Hout Bay to the rest of the city, and, with Ou Kaapse Weg is one of the two passes over the mountain range between the city centre and the Fish Hoek valley.
The summit of the pass is at 212m. Three roads meet at the summit of the pass: Rhodes Drive, heading north towards the city, Constantia Road, heading towards the Constantia and the southern suburbs, and Hout Bay Main Road, heading into the Hout Bay valley. It is the highest point on the Two Oceans Marathon ultramarathon route.
Many hiking routes start at Constantia Nek. To the south, a path heads over Vlakkenberg towards Constantiaberg. To the north, the Jeep Track (also called the Bridle Path) ascends to the reservoirs on the "back table" of Table Mountain, while the contour path heads into Cecilia Park and northwards towards Kirstenbosch. To the west, a path heads into the restricted area of Orange Kloof.
The pass was called "Clooff Pas" by Jan van Riebeeck when he crossed it on 23 March 1657. Constantia Nek Restaurant, situated at the top of the pass, is the oldest restaurant in Cape Town.
The mountainside at Constantia Nek is covered in Peninsula Granite Fynbos, an endangered vegetation type that is endemic to Cape Town - occurring nowhere else. Another different endangered and endemic vegetation type, Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos, can be found much further up the mountain slopes.
# Káchabuké

Káchabuké (literally "achiote [red] frog") is a character from Talamancan mythology. It is a frog that Sibö involves in the creation of the magical Duluítami tree, which gives rise to the sea and other water sources.

## Myth

After the death of Bulumia, Sibö wrapped her body in bijagua leaves and brought it to the ground. Upon arrival, Sibö searched for an assistant to take care of Bulumia's corpse.
He found Káchabuké the poisonous frog and placed him on her belly. Sibö told him to stand guard over the body of Bulumia for four days and not to move from there. Sibö said that if anything happened to the body it would be Káchabuké's responsibility. The frog felt proud to be the one chosen to take care of the corpse, but he could not sleep well at night because the noise coming from the belly was similar to ocean waves, and his loneliness caused him to become frightened. The days passed and Káchabuké had not eaten anything which caused him great hunger. Sibö sent a bumblebee for the frog to catch and eat, but he could not catch it. The bumblebee collided with some trees and landed, and the frog rushed to catch it. As soon as he jumped, Káchabuké heard a wind and ran back to the corpse, but he was too late; the belly was detached from the corpse and the fetus, a small tree called Duluítami, had emerged.
The next day Sibö came looking for the little frog and Duluítami was playing. Sibö said "Why did not you do what I told you?" The frog explained that he was very hungry and tried to grab the bumblebee. To punish Káchabuké, Sibö placed him in a tree and turned him into the achiote fruit (Bixa orellana).
# Coronavirus in Saudi Arabia

Coronavirus in Saudi Arabia may refer to:
* 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak, coronavirus outbreak which originated from Saudi Arabia in 2012
* 2018 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak, coronavirus outbreak which originated from Saudi Arabia in 2012
* COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, which began in 2020
# Anselmo Müller

Anselmo Müller (February 22, 1932 – March 24, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Januária, Brazil.
Born in Brazil, Müller was ordained a priest in 1961. In 1984, Müller was appointed bishop of the Januária Diocese and retired in 2008.
# Emma Pierson (computer scientist)

Emma Pierson (Arlington, Virginia) is an American computer scientist who specializes in artificial intelligence. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology. She earned a degree in physics and then a master's in computer science from Stanford University, where she studied cognitive psychology and biocomputation. She received a PhD in 2020 at Stanford under Jure Leskovec. She was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship for her work in using computers to solve biological problems, and specifically to work on cancer treatments.
For Nicholas Kristof's "On the Ground" (in The New York Times), she contributed "How to Get More Women to Join the Debate", a contribution on gender and social media, and a follow-up on her methodology. Pierson works with the GTEx Consortium using algorithms to study tissue-specific gene expression in an attempt to understand complex diseases in which limited availability of samples makes traditional research methods impractical.
# Swinegate

Swinegate is a street in the city centre of York, in England.

## History

The street lies within the area of Roman Eboracum, and remains of a late Roman building were found in excavations, along with part of a road surface, which may have been a parade ground.
The street was originally part of Patrick Pool, while the name "Swinegate" was given to what are now Little Stonegate and Back Swinegate. In about 1541, the street name was transferred, as pigs began being sold on the street, although this was considered inconvenient and was moved outside Fishergate Bar in 1605.
In the 1760s, the Sandemanians set up a meeting room on the street. St Sampson's Church Infant School opened on the street in 1861, but closed in 1873. The York Central Mission built a chapel on the street in 1910, which was later taken over by the Elim Pentecostal Church. The street is now lined with cafes, restaurants and designer shops.

## Layout and architecture

The street runs south-east from the junction of Grape Lane and Coffee Yard, to its junction with Church Street and Patrick Pool. Back Swinegate runs off the south-west side of the street, as does the snickelway Three Cranes Lane, while the Lund's Court snickelway runs off the north-east side.
Notable buildings on the south-west side of the street include the Elim Tabernacle, built in 1910; 31 Swinegate, built in the early-19th century; 33 Swinegate, from the second quarter of the 18th-century, but with some 17th-century structure; and 39 Swinegate, a modern building with some timber framing from around 1600 in the side wall. Part of the north-east side is taken up by Swinegate Court.
# Karel Herbst

Karel Herbst (born 6 November 1943, in Prague) is an emeritus auxiliary bishop of Prague, a titular bishop of Siccesi and Salesian. In the 1980s, he was the main organizer of the Salesian huts, holiday events for children in the Catholic underground. Among their participants he was known as Kája. On 19 February 2002 he was appointed and appointed on 6 April 2002 by the Assistant Bishop of the Prague Roman Catholic Archdiocese. From 1 December 2016, at his own request, he became an emeritus Bishop.
He suffered from coronavirus disease in March 2020.
# Seyidqışlaq

Seyidqışlaq (also, Seidkyshlak, Seydkyshlag, and Seydkyshlak) is a village and municipality in the Qabala Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 488.
# Long Wavelength Array

The Long Wavelength Array (LWA) is a radio telescope in central New Mexico. It began preliminary tests of the hardware in 2011, and began regular operations in late 2015. It is one of the few observatories to utilize relatively low frequencies (10-88 MHz), and is used to study relativistic particles, cosmic evolution, astrophysical plasma, decametric radio emissions from Jupiter-like extrasolar planets, and giant flares from magnetars.
As of 2011 it consisted of a single station with 256 antennas. The longer term objective of the project is to build 53 stations in total, with a total of 13,000 dipole antennas strategically placed in an area nearly 400 kilometres (250 mi) in diameter, to scan the sky at HF and VHF frequencies. Each antenna stands about 1.5 metres (5 ft) high and about 2.7 metres (9 ft) across the base. The first station, located adjacent to the NRAO's VLA, consists of 256 antennas and was completed in December 2009. It was dedicated in April 2010, and routine operations began in 2011. The second station (LWA2) was under construction about 19 km (12 mi) away as of 2011.
The project is a collaboration of UNM, VT, LANL, JPL, NRL, UI, BIRS, NRAO and AFRL.
# Stalingrad Cowgirls

Stalingrad Cowgirls was a three-piece punk rock band hailing from a small town of Salla in Finnish Lapland, 60 kilometres north from the Arctic Circle. The name is a tribute to Leningrad Cowboys. The band consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Enni Kivelä, bassist Henna Vaarala, and drummer Riina Kivelä.

## History

Stalingrad Cowgirls were formed in 2005 by siblings Enni Kivelä, Riina Kivelä and Enni's childhood friend Henna Vaarala in Salla, Finland. In spring of 2006, the band came second in the Simerock band competition held in Rovaniemi. Later in the year, they had a chance to record a demo with Nightwish guitarist Emppu Vuorinen in his homestudio.
Many record labels were interested in signing the band, and in spring 2007 they signed a record contract with Warner Music Finland. Their debut album, Somewhere High, was released on September 19, 2007 in Finland and in January 2008 in Sweden and Norway. The Album debuted at No. 31 on the Official Finnish album chart. In 2007, the band played over 50 gigs including an opening act slots for Iggy & The Stooges, Muse, Avril Lavigne and Negative. Later in the year, they were nominated for the "best new act" award at the Emma-gaala, the Finnish equivalent of the Grammy Awards.
In 2009, the band performed in Japan and opened for Mötley Crüe in Moscow.
The second studio album Kiss Your Heart Goodbye was released on May 5, 2010 in Finland and on September 27, 2010 in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The album debuted at No. 27 on the Official Finnish album chart. The first single from the album "Baby Girl" generated airplay on Finnish radio stations.
In 2010, the band performed in China, Germany, Sweden and Norway and opened for Michael Monroe and Billy Idol.
The band announced its end. The last gig will be played August 11, 2012 at Simerock festival, Rovaniemi, Finland.
“We decided not to ruin the band just because we don’t have enough time to dedicate to it. We realized it was time for some tough decisions. Originally we had planned to do this only as long as it was fun and came naturally. Now we’re going to bury Stalingrad Cowgirls with honor and smiling through the tears” - Enni Kivelä

## Band members

* Enni Kivelä (born 1990) - vocals, guitar
* Henna Vaarala (born 1990) - bass, backing vocals
* Riina Kivelä (born 1988) - drums, backing vocals

## Discography

* Somewhere High (19 September 2007) (FIN) / (January ?? 2008) (SWE, NO)
* Kiss Your Heart Goodbye (5 May 2010) (FIN) / (27 September 2010) (SWE, NO, DK)

### Singles

* You Won't Get It (2007)
* Let Me Make It Real (2007)
* Sukset (2008)
* Baby Girl (2010)
* 911 (2010)

### Music videos

* You Won't Get It (2007)
* Baby Girl (2010)
# Mellemolen, Akkrum

Mellemolen, formerly known as the Polslootpoldermolen (English: Polsloot Polder Mill) or Spookmolen (English: Ghost Mill) is a hollow post mill in Akkrum, Friesland, Netherlands which has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 35937.

## History

De Polslpootpoldermolen was marked on a map of Utingeradeel dated 1849. The mill was then known as the Spookmolen. In 1947 it was decided to replace the mill with an electrically powered pump. Permission was sought to demolish the mill but this was denied, as it was again in 1952. The mill was repaired in 1961 and 1971. On 13 November 1972 the mill was blown down in a storm. It was restored in 1976 at a cost of f80,000. At this time it was owned by the Gemeente Boarnsterhim and stood at Ulbe Twijnstrawel 21, 8491 CD, Akkrum.
The mill's condition again deteriorated under the ownership of the Gemeente Boarnsterhim. Concern was expressed about its condition by the Monumentenzorg and De Hollandsche Molen. Stichting Molens de Leeg Midden was formed and took over the mill. Plans were made to rebuild it at a new location. The mill was dismantled in 2003 and rebuilt at its new site. This was completed in June 2004, and the mill was renamed the Mellemolen. The work was carried out by Fabrikaat Hiemstra of Tzummarum.

## Description

Mellemolen is what the Dutch call a Spinnekopmolen (English: Spider mill). It is a small hollow post mill with an octagonal roundhouse. The four Common sails, which have a span of 14.08 metres (46 ft 2 in) are carried on a wooden windshaft which is about 2.60 metres (8 ft 6 in) long. The mill had a cast-iron windshaft before the 2004 rebuild. The millwright replaced it because he did not like the use of a cast-iron windshaft in a Spinnekop. The brake wheel has 35 cogs, It drives the wallower (17 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft, which is contained within the post of the trestle. At the lower end of the upright shaft, the crown wheel (30 cogs) drives the Archimedes' screw via a gearwheel with 33 cogs. The Archimedes' screw is made of wood. It has an axle diameter of 340 millimetres (1 ft 1 in) and a total diameter of 1.03 metres (3 ft 5 in) and is inclined at 26°. Each revolution pumps 236 litres (52 imp gal) of water.

## Public access

Mellemolen is open to the public by appointment only.
# List of mountain ranges of Maricopa County, Arizona

A list of mountain ranges of Maricopa County, Arizona.

## Alphabetical list

* Belmont Mountains–Maricopa County
* Big Horn Mountains (Arizona)–Maricopa County
* Crater Range–Maricopa County
* Eagletail Mountains–Maricopa County
* Gila Bend Mountains–Maricopa County
* Goldfield Mountains–Maricopa County
* Harquahala Mountains–E. La Paz County -- (W. Maricopa County)
* Hieroglyphic Mountains–Maricopa County -- (some in S. Yavapai County)
* Maricopa Mountains–Maricopa County
* Mazatzal Mountains–Southeast Yavapai County -- (and N. Maricopa, W. Gila County)
* McDowell Mountains–Maricopa County
* Painted Rock Mountains–Maricopa County
* Phoenix Mountains–Maricopa County
* Sand Tank Mountains–Maricopa County
* Sierra Estrella–Maricopa County
* Salt River Mountains–Maricopa County
* South Mountains (Arizona)–Maricopa County
* Usery Mountains–Maricopa County -- (See: Usery Mountain Recreation Area.)
* Vulture Mountains–Maricopa County
* White Tank Mountains–Maricopa County
* Wickenburg Mountains–Southern Yavapai County -- (and N. Maricopa County)
# Isle of Man Hospital Cup

The Isle of Man Hospital Cup, also known as the Keystone Law Hospital Cup for sponsorship reasons, is an association football single-elimination tournament held for football clubs in the Isle of Man. It was created in 1921 by Noble's General Hospital, and is overseen by the Isle of Man Football Association. Money is raised for the hospital during matches and a percentage of the final gate receipts to a charity on the Isle of Man. The cup competition includes a group stage and a knock-out stage for all divisions in the Isle of Man Football system.
St. Georges are the current champions, who have won it four times consecutively since 2015, and eleven times overall.

## List of champions

* 1921/22 - Gymnasium
* 1922/23 - Gymnasium
* 1923/24 - Castletown
* 1924/25 - Peel
* 1925/26 - Rushen United
* 1926/27 - unknown
* 1927/28 - Rushen United
* 1928/29 - Peel
* 1930/31 - Rushen United
* 1931/32 - Peel
* 1932/33 - Peel
* 1933/34 - Peel
* 1934/35 - Rushen United
* 1935/36 - Braddan
* 1936/37 - Braddan
* 1937/38 - Peel
* 1938/39 - Rushen United
* 1945/46 - Braddan
* 1947/48 - unknown
* 1948/49 - Colby
* 1949/50 - Castletown
* 1950/51 - Rushen United
* 1952/53 - Braddan
* 1954/55 - St Johns United
* 1955/56 - Laxey
* 1956/57 - Corinthians
* 1958/59 - Michael United
* 1959/60 - Corinthians
* 1960/61 - Michael United
* 1962/63 - Michael United
* 1963/64 - Rushen United
* 1967/68 - Peel
* 1968/69 - Peel
* 1969/70 - Peel
* 1970/71 - Pulrose United
* 1971/72 - Peel
* 1972/73 - Peel
* 1973/74 - Malew
* 1974/75 - Rushen United
* 1975/76 - Rushen United
* 1976/77 - Peel
* 1978/79 - Castletown
* 1979/80 - Peel
* 1980/81 - Rushen United
* 1981/82 - unknown
* 1982/83 - Rushen United
* 1983/84 - Castletown
* 1984/85 - Castletown
* 1985/86 - Rushen United
* 1986/87 - Gymnasium
* 1987/88 - Douglas HSOB
* 1988/89 - Rushen United
* 1989/90 - Peel
* 1990/91 - Peel
* 1991/92 - St Georges
* 1992/93 - Rushen United
* 1993/94 - St Georges
* 1994/95 - Douglas HSOB
* 1995/96 - St Marys
* 1996/97 - Peel
* 1997/98 - St Marys
* 1998/99 - Peel
* 1999/00 - St Marys
* 2000/01 - Rushen United
* 2001/02 - St Marys
* 2002/03 - St Marys
* 2003/04 - Laxey
* 2004/05 - Douglas Royal
* 2005/06 - Laxey
* 2006/07 - Laxey
* 2007/08 - St Georges
* 2008/09 - St Georges
* 2009/10 - Peel
* 2010/11 - St Georges
* 2011/12 - St Georges
* 2012/13 - St Georges
* 2013/14 - Douglas HSOB
* 2014/15 - St Georges
* 2015/16 - St Georges
* 2016/17 - St Georges
* 2017/18 - St Georges
* 2018/19 - TBD
# Italian submarine Foca

Foca was the name of at least two ships of the Italian Navy and may refer to:
* Italian submarine Foca (1908), a submarine launched in 1908 and discarded in 1918.
* Italian submarine Foca (1937), a Foca-class submarine launched in 1937 and sunk in 1940.
# Isochilus aurantiacus

Isochilus aurantiacus is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae. It is native to Mexico (Chiapas), south into Central America.