OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A General Rhetoric

A General Rhetoric is a 1970 book by the Belgian semioticians known as Groupe μ. The first part of the book reformulates classical rhetoric within semiotics, while the second part discusses the new concept of a general rhetoric, which introduces rhetorical figures for storytelling, called figures of narration.
It became a classic of human sciences and has been translated in more than 20 languages.

## Figures of narration

Groupe μ categorized the figures of narration are following Hjelmslev's sign model, and included in the analysis of each group the perspective of two fundamental aspects of Quintilian's classical rhetoric: the principle of deviation from a norm, and the four fundamental operations for such of variation.
Hjelmslev distinguished between the expression plane and the content plane, and then further between form and substance. Moreover, Hjelmslev's considered the "internal structure of language" to be a system of figurae, which he considered, instead of the sign, to be the ultimate semiotic unity. His analysis distinguished between expression-figurae (or figurae of the expression plane) and content-figurae, and then within each between form and content. Groupe μ's essay discusses figures of the substance of expression , figures of the form of expression, and figures of form of content. They avoid discussion the figures of the substance of content, wondering if they are actually conceivable, and leave them to future works building a universal theory of semantics.
For the figures of the substance of expression they make the examples of diction in speech and the font of a written text. Following a quote from Hjelmslev, they define variations in the substance of expression as variation in the modalities of the physical medium. For speech, they make examples of possible different modalities of enunciation of a text, like reading it with monotone diction, with emphatic diction, or singing it, which are all variations from the established "norm" of reading text "normally". For written text, whose substance is graphic, the modalities of variation of the substance of expression include handwriting and fonts. In printing a book, it is possible to choose among several fonts: in the final results, the physical medium and substance will be the same, they will just have different modalities.
Regarding the definition of form of expression, one of the examples given is syntactic play.

## Editions

* 1970, original French edition published by Larousse
* 1981, English translation by Paul B. Burrell and Edgar M. Slotkin. Johns Hopkins University Press
* 1982, paperback edition, published by Seuil (collection "Points").
# Jean-Claude Usunier

Jean-Claude Usunier is an Honorary Professor of Marketing at HEC Lausanne, Switzerland, and author of various books on marketing and culture, including International Marketing: A Cultural Approach, Marketing Across Cultures and International and Cross-Cultural Management Research.

## Selected bibliography

Source:
(listed in order of first year of publication)
* Usunier, Jean-Claude (1994) [1993]. International Marketing : A Cultural Approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-194580-7. OCLC 464304907.
* Ghauri, Pervez N; Usunier, Jean-Claude (2008) [1996]. International Business Negotiations. International business and management series (2nd ed.). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-0-08-044293-8. OCLC 456062445.
* Usunier, Jean-Claude; Lee, Julie Anne (March 2009) [1996]. Marketing Across Cultures (5th ed.). Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-273-71391-3. OCLC 494140700.
* Usunier, Jean-Claude (November 1998). International and Cross-Cultural Management Research. SAGE series in management research. London: SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-5280-0. OCLC 464502638.
* Faulk, Saskia; Usunier, Jean-Claude (March 2009). AIDS and Business. Routledge Advances in Management and Business Studies. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-45463-6. OCLC 318120153. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
# Friedl Behn-Grund

Friedl Behn-Grund (26 August 1906 – 2 August 1989) was a German cinematographer.

## Selected filmography

* The Stolen Professor (1924)
* Struggle for the Soil (1925)
* The Man in the Fire (1926)
* My Friend the Chauffeur (1926)
* Department Store Princess (1926)
* Regine (1927)
* Aftermath (1927)
* The Woman with the World Record (1927)
* Docks of Hamburg (1928)
* Under Suspicion (1928)
* The Blue Mouse (1928)
* The Story of a Little Parisian (1928)
* Sajenko the Soviet (1928)
* Ship in Distress (1929)
* Beyond the Street (1929)
* Marriage in Trouble (1929)
* Scandal in Baden-Baden (1929)
* The Mistress and her Servant (1929)
* The Smuggler's Bride of Mallorca (1929)
* Dreyfus (1930)
* The Tender Relatives (1930)
* The Widow's Ball (1930)
* Retreat on the Rhine (1930)
* 24 Hours in the Life of a Woman (1931)
* The Darling of Paris (1931)
* Salto Mortale (1931)
* Everyone Asks for Erika (1931)
* Louise, Queen of Prussia (1931)
* Melody of Love (1932)
* The Pride of Company Three (1932)
* The Dancer of Sanssouci (1932)
* I by Day, You by Night (1932)
* Eight Girls in a Boat (1932)
* Peter Voss, Thief of Millions (1932)
* Early to Bed (1933)
* The Empress and I (1933)
* Goodbye, Beautiful Days (1933)
* Happy Days in Aranjuez (1933)
* The Only Girl (1933)
* My Heart Calls You (1934)
* Police Report (1934)
* The Young Baron Neuhaus (1934)
* Night in May (1934)
* Music in the Blood (1934)
* I Love All the Women (1935)
* Donogoo Tonka (1936)
* Donogoo (1936)
* A Wedding Dream (1936)
* Truxa (1937)
* The Divine Jetta (1937)
* Alarm in Peking (1937)
* His Best Friend (1937)
* Don't Promise Me Anything (1937)
* Napoleon Is to Blame for Everything (1938)
* I Love You (1938)
* The Great and the Little Love (1938)
* Robert and Bertram (1939)
* Wibbel the Tailor (1939)
* New Year's Eve on Alexanderplatz (1939)
* The Three Codonas (1940)
* Titanic (1943)
* The Years Pass (1945)
* The Murderers Are Among Us (1946)
* Raid (1947)
* The Beaverskin (1949)
* Encounter with Werther (1949)
* Nights on the Nile (1949)
* Scandal at the Embassy (1950)
* A Tale of Five Cities (1951)
* Veronika the Maid (1951)
* Maria Theresa (1951)
* One Night's Intoxication (1951)
* Carnival in White (1952)
* The Great Temptation (1952)
* The Forester's Daughter (1952)
* Alraune (1952)
* Captain Bay-Bay (1953)
* The Last Waltz (1953)
* To Be Without Worries (1953)
* The Angel with the Flaming Sword (1954)
* Reaching for the Stars (1955)
* Beloved Enemy (1955)
* Before God and Man (1955)
* Heaven Is Never Booked Up (1955)
* Night of Decision (1956)
* Without You All Is Darkness (1956)
* The Glass Tower (1957)
* The Count of Luxemburg (1957)
* The Simple Girl (1957)
* The Night of the Storm (1957)
* Confessions of Felix Krull (1957)
* Stresemann (1957)
* Restless Night (1958)
* Night Nurse Ingeborg (1958)
* The Man Who Sold Himself (1959)
* The Buddenbrooks (1959)
* Storm in a Water Glass (1960)
* The Ambassador (1960)
* Blind Justice (1961)
* The Merry Widow (1962)
* Wedding Night in Paradise (1962)
* An Alibi for Death (1963)
* Schweik's Awkward Years (1964)
# Cub

A cub is the young of certain large predatory animals, such as big cats and bears.
Cub or CUB may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* The Cub, a 1915 American silent film
* Cub (film), a 2014 film
* C.U. Burn, an Irish-language television series
* Cub (Happy Tree Friends), a character in the Happy Tree Friends animated video series
* Cub Records, a record label
* Cub (band), a former band from Vancouver, Canada

## Aircraft and aviation

* Cub Aircraft, a former Canadian aircraft manufacturer
* Antonov An-12, a Russian transport aircraft (NATO reporting name: Cub)
* Napier Cub, an experimental British aircraft engine
* Piper J-3 Cub, an American light aircraft
* Taylor Cub, a precursor aircraft to the Piper Cub
* Zlin Savage Cub, a Czech light aircraft
* Cubana de Aviación (ICAO airline designator: CUB), Cuban national airline
* Jim Hamilton–L.B. Owens Airport (IATA airport code and FAA location identifier both CUB), serving Columbia, South Carolina, United States

## Motor vehicles

* Auto Cub, an American single-passenger automobile
* Bajaj Cub, an Indian motor scooter
* Farmall Cub, an American tractor
* Honda Super Cub, a range of motorcycles
* LDV Cub, a British van
* Leyland Cub, a British bus
* Andersen Mini-Cub, a version of the Mini Moke
* Kapcai, a class of motorcycle of Southeast Asia; see Malaysian Cub Prix

## People

* Cub (nickname), a list of people
* Cub Scout, a member of a Cub Scout organization
* a young member of the Bear (gay culture) community

## Other uses

* Cub City, West Virginia, United States
* Cub Foods, an American supermarket chain
* Carlton & United Breweries, an Australian brewing company
* Cashed Up Bogan, a slang term used in Australia and New Zealand
* Cuba, IOC country code: CUB
* Cursor Back (ANSI), an ANSI X3.64 escape sequence
* University of Colorado at Boulder (CU Boulder)
* University City of Bogotá (Spanish: Ciudad Universitaria de Bogotá)
* Urban Community of Bordeaux (French: Communauté Urbaine de Bordeaux)
# Gannoruwa

Gannoruwa is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province. Gannoruwa has its own historical connections. In 1638, the Battle of Gannoruwa was fought between the Portuguese and the Sinhala forces under King Rajasinha ll and Prince Vijayapala on this land. The Battle of Gannoruwa, which ended in victory for the Sinhalese army, was the last battle fought by the Kingdom of Kandy. It was also the last battle fought between the Portuguese and the Sinhalese.
# Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra

Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra (5 April 1740 – 16 July 1819) was a mining officer in Saxony. He took an interest in geology and was a friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe who worked in Ilmenau. He was involved in the recovery of Saxon mining following the Seven Years' War.
Trebra came from a noble family of Thuringia and was born in Allstedt, son of Christoph Heinrich von Trebra (1694-1745) and Amalia Carolina Liberta née von Werder. He studied at Roßleben and law at the University of Jena before joining the newly created mining school in Freiberg after meeting Friedrich Anton von Heynitz in 1766. He then became a superintendent (Bergmeister) of the mines in Marienberg in 1767 and rose to mining captain in 1773. He was in charge of mines in Saxony for which he got Dutch investors and introduced a number of innovations including improved conditions of the miners. He became a friend of Goethe who was in charge of the mines at Ilmenau. He moved to Clausthal in 1779 to replace Claus Friedrich von Reden. Trebra founded a society for mining science, the Societät der Bergbaukunde in 1786. He attempted to bring in new subjects at the Bergakademie but conflicted with Abraham Gottlob Werner. He resigned in 1795 and moved to his estate in Bretleben where he worked on agriculture. He took a position as inspector of mines for Saxony in 1801 and remained there until his death.
# Cephalodiscus hodgsoni

Cephalodiscus hodgsoni is a sessile hemichordate belonging to the order Cephalodiscida.
# Dangbo

Dangbo is a town, arrondissement, and commune in the Ouémé Department of south-eastern Benin.The commune covers an area of 340 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 66,055 people. Dangbo is the site of Benin's Institute for Mathematics and Physical Sciences.

## History

Dangbo is inhabited by the Wéménou people who constitute the bulk of its population. The Wéménou are an ethnic group that can be found today in the former administrative subdivision of Adjohoun, then stretching from Damey-Wogon to Gbodjè (Aguégués). It was split in 1978 into four (04) administrative districts which are: Bonou, Adjohoun, Dangbo, Aguégués. These populations lead a life punctuated by the presence of the Ouémé river, and share a common set of linguistic signs called Wémégbé. They are refugees made up of composite groups from the east: the Yoruba (the Tosso, the Glô, the Fênou, the Kénou, the Fongninou from the West, the Hounhouênou, the Houêdonou, and the Houédo-Sadonou from Fon-Adja language, from the North-West: the very important group of Wéménou proper descendant of an emblematic ancestor: Togbo-Hounsou who came to the Ouémé River Basin following their unexpected defeat in the hands of the soldiers of the Kingdom of Dahomey.
# Cymbalophora

Cymbalophora is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae described by Rambur in 1866.

## Species

* Cymbalophora haroldi
* Cymbalophora oertzeni
* Cymbalophora powelli
* Cymbalophora pudica
* Cymbalophora rivularis
# A Ginuwine Christmas

A Ginuwine Christmas is the eighth studio album and first Christmas album by American R&B recording artist Ginuwine. It was released exclusively to digital media stores on October 10, 2011, via Notifi Records, compromising soulful interpretations of traditional holiday songs such as "Silent Night" and "Joy to the World ", along with love songs and sensual slow jams.

## Critical reception

A Ginuwine Christmas received generally mixed reviews from music critics. USA Today wrote that "perversely, Ginuwine slides [...] right into "Silent Night", and then veers back to more mainstream offerings, most of them original and romance-themed", while adding that "'All I Want' is particularly tasty, featuring his smooth, high tenor and harpsichord-inflected electronic keyboards." Critical with album, Mark Edward Nero from About.com rated it two out five stars. He found "the lack of focus would be easier to handle if the songs themselves were tight, but unfortunately Ginuwine's knack for making hits, which was at its height during the mid-to-late 1990s, has pretty much abandoned him in recent years. And this release makes that painfully obvious."
# Frewin

Frewin may refer to:

## People

* Anthony Frewin (born 1947), writer and personal assistant to Stanley Kubrick
* George Frewin (born 1907), English professional footballer
* Greg Frewin (born 1967), Canadian illusionist and magician
* Richard Frewin (1681?–1761), English physician and professor of history

## Other

* Frewin Hall at St Mary's College, Oxford
# Crop Science Centre

The Crop Science Centre (informally known as 3CS during its planning) is an alliance between the University of Cambridge and National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB).

## History

The Crop Science Centre development plans began in 2015, between the University of Cambridge's Department of Plant Sciences, National Institute of Agricultural Botany and the Sainsbury Laboratory. The research institute received £16.9m funding in 2017 from the UK Research Partnership Investment Fund from Research England (United Kingdom Research and Innovation) to build a new state-of-the-art building, designed exclusively for crop research, which opened on 1 October 2020.

## Structure

The Crop Science Centre is based at NIAB's Lawrence Weaver Road HQ site in Cambridge.
# Friedrich Wilhelm III, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg

Friedrich Wilhelm III (12 July 1657 – 14 April 1672) was a duke of Saxe-Altenburg.
He was the second son of Friedrich Wilhelm II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Magdalene Sybille of Saxony, his second wife.

## Life

The death of his older brother Christian (1663) made him the new heir of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg. When his father died in 1669, Friedrich Wilhelm III succeeded him; but, because he was only twelve years old, his maternal uncles, Elector Johann Georg II of Saxony and Duke Maurice of Saxe-Zeitz, assumed the guardianship of the new duke and the regency of the duchy.
Only three years later, the young duke died of smallpox shortly after returning from a trip to Dresden. His burial took place three months later, on 17 July 1672 at his father's tomb in the church of Schloss Altenburg. With his death, the branch of Saxe-Altenburg, founded in 1603, became extinct in the direct male line.
Saxe-Altenburg was split between the branches of Saxe-Gotha and Saxe-Weimar; but, on the basis of the will of the Duke Johann Philipp of Saxe-Altenburg (Friedrich Wilhelm III's uncle) the greater part of the duchy was retained by Saxe-Gotha, because they were the descendants of Elisabeth Sophie, the only daughter of Johann Philipp, who declared her the general heiress of the family in case of the extinction of the male line.

## Ancestors

Ancestors of Friedrich Wilhelm III, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg :
# Regenboldshorn

The Regenboldshorn (or Rägeboldshore; 2,193 m) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located between Lenk and Adelboden in the canton of Bern. It lies south of the Hahnenmoos Pass, at the foot of the Ammertenspitz (part of the Wildstrubel massif).
The summit of the Regenboldshorn can be reached via marked trails from all sides of the mountain, except for the northeast side, which forms a steep limestone cliff. A chair lift connects Geisbüel (south of Adelboden) to a lower summit on the east named Bummeregrat.
# Chilean cruiser Blanco Encalada

The protected cruiser Blanco Encalada was purchased by the Chilean Government for £333,500 during the Argentine–Chilean naval arms race. She was the second ship named Blanco Encalada. (The previous ship was the armored frigate Blanco Encalada sunk in the 1891 Chilean Civil War).
In December 1906 she was involved in the repression of the workers movement in the Saltpeter mines, railroads and harbour in Antofagasta.
On 17 December 1907 she brought troops from Arica to Iquique to repress thousands of miners from different nitrate mines in Chile's north to appeal for government intervention to improve their living and working conditions. These troops committed the Santa María School massacre.$^{:340}$
# Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe

Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe (born 28 April 1944 in Charleroi), nicknamed "Van Cau", is a Belgian politician. He is member of the Parti Socialiste (Socialist Party; PS). He was the tenth Minister-President of Wallonia from 4 April 2000 until 30 September 2005. He resigned amid the ICDI affair and was replaced by Elio Di Rupo. He also served as mayor of Charleroi (1983-2000).
# Jasmine Campbell

Jasmine Campbell (born 1991 in Saint John) is an alpine skier from the Virgin Islands. She competed in the Virgin Islands at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the slalom and giant slalom. When Campbell was nine she moved from the Virgin Islands to her current place of residence Hailey, Idaho. Her father John also competed for the islands in alpine skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France and her mother Jennifer Lyons would have participated in the 1992 Olympic Games, but she renounced a short time after her pregnancy with Jasmine. She was the flag bearer for the U.S. Virgin Islands in the 2014 Winter Olympics
# A Gift to Young Housewives

A Gift to Young Housewives (Russian: Пода́рок молоды́м хозя́йкам, romanized: Podarok molodym khozyaykam) is a Russian cookbook written and compiled by Elena Ivanovna Molokhovets [ru] and usually referred to as "Molokhovets" rather than its long title. It was the most successful book of its kind in the 19th and early 20th-century in Russia. Molokhovets revised the book continually between 1861 and 1917, a period of time falling between the emancipation of the serfs and the Communist Revolution. The book was well known in Russian households during publication and for decades afterwards. It was republished in 2003.

## Classic Russian cooking

The original series went through more than 20 editions and sold more than 295,000 copies. The book gave instructions for elaborate dishes like suckling pig, Madeira cake, and hazel grouse. Other recipes included soups, fritters, tortes, mushrooms, aspics, mousses, and dumplings. There were also instructions on making jam, mustard, and vodka. Although the number of recipes varied by edition, there were as many as 3,218 in the 1897 edition. The 1904 (24th) edition contained 4,163 recipes. In addition to recipes, the book covered cooking techniques, utensils and cooking equipment, stoves and ovens, household management, relations with servants, menus for feast days, and nutrition; it also gave time- and money-saving hints.

## Public reception

During the Soviet era, the book, written for the middle class and aristocrats, was condemned as "bourgeois and decadent", mainly because of its aristocratic tone. Also, it was mostly outdated for the 20th century, as it did not include usage of modern kitchen equipment: refrigerators, electric and gas ovens, etc.
In the post-war USSR, a time when people dealt with food shortages, long lines, and a scarcity of the necessary ingredients, cookbooks were mostly seen as a laughable anachronism. For example, one recipe for babka called for ingredients such as 60 to 70 eggs, which few people could afford at that time. But as life got better the need for cookbooks and complex recipes rose. In 1952, The Book of Tasty and Healthy Food was published as the acceptable Soviet analogue of the outdated Gift and as an everyday cookbook.
Recently "Molokhovets" has been regarded as a historical record and has been partially republished, its recipes offering a glimpse into traditional Russian cooking even if politically incorrect by Soviet standards. For example, Andrew Whitley uses the book to inform his description of historical bread making processes and adapts some of its old recipes with modern techniques.

## Joyce Toomre

Joyce Toomre adapted and translated recipes and other content from the various editions into a 1992 book published as Classic Russian Cooking: Elena Molokhovets' a Gift to Young Housewives.
# Chui Chi-kin

Andy Chui Chi-kin (Chinese: 徐子見) is a member of the Eastern District Council, representing Yue Wan constituency in Hong Kong.
Chui is a trader by occupation and participated in the 79-day Occupy sit-ins in 2014. Inspired by the Occupy movement, he formed a group called “umbrella fathers and mothers” with other protesters and ran in the 2015 Hong Kong district council elections against long-term incumbent Christopher Chung Shu-kun, who was also the member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong for the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong, the largest Beijing-loyalist party in Hong Kong, in Yue Wan, his home of more than two decades. He remained unknown to the media until he beat Chung by 2,017 votes to 1,826, a "miracle" portrayed by the media. Chui successfully defended his seat in the 2019 Hong Kong district council elections, winning with 3,814 votes over DAB (FTU) candidate Lau Kin, who scored 2,374 votes.

## Arrests

On 28 June 2020, Chui stated on his Facebook page that he had been among those arrested during protests against the looming National Security Legislation.
On 8 December 2020, Chui was arrested for his alleged involvement in the unauthorized 1 July march that year. Seven other democrats were arrested the same day on similar charges.
On 6 January 2021, Chui was among 53 members of the pro-democratic camp who were arrested under the national security law, specifically its provision regarding alleged subversion. The group stood accused of the organisation of and participation in unofficial primary elections held by the camp in July 2020. Chui was released on bail on 7 January.
# James Langstaff

James Langstaff may refer to:
* James Miles Langstaff (1825–1889), reeve of Richmond Hill, Ontario
* James Langstaff (bishop) (born 1956), Bishop of Rochester
# Cliffside station

Cliffside station is a railway station located in Cliffside, British Columbia, on the east side of Shawnigan Lake. The station was a flag stop on Via Rail's Dayliner service. The service has been indefinitely suspended since 2011.
# Friss

Friss may refer to:
* Friss, the German name for Lunca village, Șieuț Commune, Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania
* Friss, another name for the Hungarian folk dance term Friska