# List of Zenit launches

This is a list of launches made by the Zenit rocket. All launches were conducted from either Site 45 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome or from Sea Launch's Ocean Odyssey offshore launch platform.

## Launch statistics

Rockets from the Zenit family have accumulated 84 launches since 1985, 71 of which were successful, yielding a 84.5% success rate.

### Rocket configuration

* Zenit-2
* Zenit-2M
* Zenit-3SL
* Zenit-3SLB
* Zenit-3F

### Launch sites

* Baikonur 45/1
* Baikonur 45/2
* Ocean Odyssey

### Launch outcomes

* Failure
* Partial failure
* Success
* Planned

## Launch history

1985–1989 :
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 1 | 13 April 1985 10:00 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | EPN 03.0694 #1 (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | | Low Earth (planned) | | Failure |
| Test flight; Second stage engine failure at T+400 seconds due to flow regulator leak ||||||||
| 2 | 21 June 1985 08:29 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | EPN 03.0694 #2 (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | | Low Earth (planned) | | Failure |
| Test flight; Second stage vernier engines exploded due to clogged oxidizer inlet valve ||||||||
| 3 | 22 October 1985 07:00 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1697 (EPN 03.0694 #3) (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Test flight ||||||||
| 4 | 28 December 1985 09:16 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1714 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Partial failure |
| ELINT; Fairing separation mechanism failure; spacecraft deployed into unusable orbit ||||||||
| 5 | 30 July 1986 08:30 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1767 (EPN 03.0695 #1) (Mass simulator) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload ||||||||
| 6 | 22 October 1986 08:00 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1786 (Taifun-1B) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Radar calibration ||||||||
| 7 | 14 February 1987 08:30 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1820 (EPN 03.0695 #2) (Mass simulator) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload ||||||||
| 8 | 18 March 1987 08:30 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1833 (EPN 03.0694 #4) (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Test flight ||||||||
| 9 | 13 May 1987 05:40 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1844 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 10 | 1 August 1987 03:59 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1871 (EPN 03.0695 #3) (Mass simulator) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload ||||||||
| 11 | 28 August 1987 08:20 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1873 (EPN 03.0695 #4) (Mass simulator) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload ||||||||
| 12 | 15 May 1988 09:20 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1943 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 13 | 23 November 1988 14:50 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1980 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 1990–1994 |||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 14 | 22 May 1990 05:14 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/2 | Kosmos 2082 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 15 | 4 October 1990 03:28 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/2 | Tselina-2 | | Low Earth (intended) | | Failure |
| ELINT; First stage engine failure at T+3 seconds; rocket fell back on pad and exploded. Pad 45/2 never restored to flight status. ||||||||
| 16 | 30 August 1991 08:58 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Tselina-2 | | Low Earth (intended) | | Failure |
| ELINT; Second stage failure ||||||||
| 17 | 5 February 1992 18:14 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Tselina-2 | | Low Earth (intended) | | Failure |
| ELINT; Second stage failure ||||||||
| 18 | 17 November 1992 07:47 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2219 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 19 | 25 December 1992 05:56 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2227 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 20 | 26 March 1993 02:21 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2237 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 21 | 16 September 1993 07:36 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2263 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 22 | 23 April 1994 08:02 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2278 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 23 | 26 August 1994 12:00 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2290 (Orlets-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Optical Reconnaissance ||||||||
| 24 | 4 November 1994 05:47 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Resurs-O1 No.3 | | Low Earth (SSO) | Roshydromet | Success |
| Earth Observation ||||||||
| 25 | 24 November 1994 09:16 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2297 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 1995–1999 |||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 26 | 31 October 1995 20:19 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2322 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 27 | 4 September 1996 09:01 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2333 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 28 | 20 May 1997 07:07 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Tselina-2 | | Low Earth (intended) | | Failure |
| ELINT; First stage engine failure at T+48 seconds following pitch deviation. ||||||||
| 29 | 10 July 1998 06:30 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Resurs-O1 No.4 TMSat Techsat 1B FASat Bravo Safir 2 OHB-System WESTPAC-1 | | Low Earth (SSO) | Roshydromet Mahanakorn Chilean Air Force | Success |
| Communication; Earth Observation; Technology; Geodesy ||||||||
| 30 | 28 July 1998 09:15 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2360 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 31 | 9 September 1998 20:29 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Globalstar 5 Globalstar 7 Globalstar 9 Globalstar 10 Globalstar 11 Globalstar 12 Globalstar 13 Globalstar 16 Globalstar 17 Globalstar 18 Globalstar 20 Globalstar 21 | | Low Earth (intended) | Globalstar | Failure |
| Communication; Guidance system failure at T+272 seconds caused shutdown of 2nd stage engine. ||||||||
| 32 | 28 March 1999 01:30 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DemoSat | | Geostationary transfer | | Success |
| Test flight; Maiden launch mission of Sea Launch ||||||||
| 33 | 17 July 1999 05:38 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Okean-O No.1 | | Low Earth (SSO) | NKAU/RKA | Success |
| Earth Observation ||||||||
| 34 | 10 October 1999 03:28 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DirecTV-1R | | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success |
| Communication; First operational launch mission of Sea Launch ||||||||
| 2000–2004 |||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 35 | 3 February 2000 09:26 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2369 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 36 | 12 March 2000 14:49 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | ICO F-1 | | Medium Earth (intended) | ICO | Failure |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. Second stage propellant pressurization system failed shortly after ignition due to a software valve command mistake. ||||||||
| 37 | 28 July 2000 22:42 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | PAS-9 | | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 38 | 25 September 2000 10:10 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2372 (Orlets-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| Optical Reconnaissance ||||||||
| 39 | 21 October 2000 05:52 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Thuraya 1 | | Geostationary transfer | Thuraya | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 40 | 18 March 2001 22:33 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-2 (XM Rock) | | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 41 | 8 May 2001 22:10 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-1 (XM Roll) | | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 42 | 10 December 2001 17:18 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Meteor-3M No.1 Kompass 1 Badr B MAROC-TUBSAT REFLECTOR | | Low Earth (SSO) | Roscosmos IZMIRAN SUPARCO AFRL | Success |
| Meteorology; Earth Sciences; Technology; Laser Calibration ||||||||
| 43 | 15 June 2002 22:39 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 3C | | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 44 | 10 June 2003 13:56 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Thuraya 2 | | Geostationary transfer | Thuraya | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 45 | 8 August 2003 03:30 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | EchoStar IX | | Geostationary transfer | EchoStar | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 46 | 1 October 2003 04:03 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 13/Horizons 1 | | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 47 | 11 January 2004 04:13 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Telstar 14 | | Geostationary transfer | Telesat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 48 | 4 May 2004 12:42 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DirecTV-7S | | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 49 | 10 June 2004 01:28 | Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2406 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT ||||||||
| 50 | 29 June 2004 03:59 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | APSTAR-V/Telstar 18 | | Geostationary transfer | APT/Telesat | Partial failure |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. Block-DM upper stage shutdown 54 seconds early due to electrical short circuit that disrupted data from fuel sensors. Satellite able to transfer to operational orbit by itself. ||||||||
| 2005–2009 |||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 51 | 1 March 2005 03:51 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-3 (XM Rhythm) | | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 52 | 26 April 2005 07:31 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Spaceway 1 | | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 53 | 23 June 2005 14:03 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat Americas 8 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 54 | 8 November 2005 14:07 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Inmarsat-4 F2 | | Geostationary transfer | Inmarsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 55 | 15 February 2006 23:34 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | EchoStar X | | Geostationary transfer | EchoStar | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 56 | 12 April 2006 23:30 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | JCSat 9 | | Geostationary transfer | JSAT Corporation | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 57 | 18 June 2006 07:50 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 16 | | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 58 | 22 August 2006 03:27 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Koreasat 5 | | Geostationary transfer | KT Corporation | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 59 | 30 October 2006 23:49 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-4 (XM Blues) | | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 60 | 30 January 2007 23:22 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | NSS-8 | | Geostationary transfer (intended) | SES New Skies | Failure |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. First stage engine failure at T+3.9 seconds due to foreign object in turbopump; rocket fell back through the pad and exploded. Launch platform suffers moderate damage and the flame deflector was destroyed. ||||||||
| 61 | 29 June 2007 10:00 | Zenit-2M | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2428 (Tselina-2) | | Low Earth | | Success |
| ELINT; First Zenit-2M launch. ||||||||
| 62 | 15 January 2008 11:49 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Thuraya 3 | | Geostationary transfer | Thuraya | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 63 | 19 March 2008 22:48 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DirecTV-11 | | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 64 | 28 April 2008 05:00 | Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Amos-3 | | Geostationary | Spacecom | Success |
| Communication; First Zenit-3SLB launch and first commercial launch for Land Launch. Spacecraft separation orbit reported to be slightly off target but still within planned range. ||||||||
| 65 | 21 May 2008 09:44 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 18 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 66 | 16 July 2008 05:21 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | EchoStar XI | | Geostationary transfer | EchoStar | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 67 | 24 September 2008 09:28 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 19 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 68 | 26 February 2009 18:29 | Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Telstar 11N | | Geostationary transfer | Telesat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch ||||||||
| 69 | 20 April 2009 08:16 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | SICRAL 1B | | Geostationary transfer | MDD | Success |
| Communications; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 70 | 21 June 2009 21:50 | Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | MEASAT-3a | | Geostationary transfer | MEASAT | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch ||||||||
| 71 | 30 November 2009 21:00 | Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Intelsat 15 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch ||||||||
| 2010–2014 |||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 72 | 20 January 2011 12:29 | Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | Elektro-L No.1 | | Geostationary | Roscosmos | Success |
| Meteorology; Maiden flight of the Zenit-3F ||||||||
| 73 | 18 July 2011 02:31 | Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | Spektr-R | | High Earth | Roscosmos | Success |
| Radio astronomy ||||||||
| 74 | 24 September 2011 20:18 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Atlantic Bird 7 | | Geostationary transfer | Eutelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch (first mission since company reorganization) ||||||||
| 75 | 5 October 2011 21:00 | Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Intelsat 18 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch ||||||||
| 76 | 8 November 2011 20:16 | Zenit-2M (Zenit-2FG) | Baikonur 45/1 | Fobos-Grunt | | Low Earth | Roscosmos | Success |
| Phobos lander/sample return; Spacecraft failed shortly after launch before leaving Low Earth orbit. Spacecraft also carried the Yinghuo 1 Mars orbiter. ||||||||
| 77 | 1 June 2012 05:23 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat 19 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 78 | 19 August 2012 06:55 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat 21 | | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 79 | 3 December 2012 20:44 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Eutelsat 70B | | Geostationary transfer | Eutelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 80 | 1 February 2013 06:56 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat 27 | | Geostationary transfer (intended) | Intelsat | Failure |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. Rocket lost attitude control at T+4.5 seconds due to first stage engine steering hydraulic pump failure; engine cut-off at T+20 seconds and rocket impacted ocean at T+56 seconds. ||||||||
| 81 | 31 August 2013 20:05 | Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Amos-4 | | Geostationary transfer | Spacecom | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch ||||||||
| 82 | 26 May 2014 21:10 | Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Eutelsat 3B | | Geostationary transfer | Eutelsat | Success |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch ||||||||
| 2015–2019 |||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration | Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 83 | 11 December 2015 13:45 | Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | Elektro-L No.2 | | Geostationary | Roscosmos | Success |
| Meteorology ||||||||
| 84 | 26 December 2017 19:00 | Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | AngoSat 1 | | Geostationary | Angosat | Success |
| Communication; First satellite of Angola ||||||||