OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Capricornian

The Capricornian was a passenger train that operated in Queensland, Australia between 1970 and 1993. It travelled on the North Coast line between Brisbane and Rockhampton.
Legend :
Capricornian :

## History

When the Sunlander air-conditioned express train to Cairns was introduced in 1953, the Rockhampton Mail retained its wooden carriages, and a surcharge and booking restrictions deterred Rockhampton bound travelers from using the air-conditioned services. Following a rearrangement of the Sunlander consists and the construction of further air-conditioned cars, the Capricornian replaced the Rockhampton Mail in 1970, taking 14.25 hours for the overnight trip and running 5 times per week.
By 1988, the transit time was 13 hours 55 minutes, reduced to 12 hours 35 minutes following the extensive upgrading of the North Coast line (NCL) in 1989. However, the pending electrification of the NCL led to an announcement that the Capricornian would be eliminated once the Spirit of Capricorn service was introduced. Vehement protests about the loss of the overnight sleeper service went all the way to Queensland Premier, Mike Ahern and Prime Minister, Bob Hawke This resulted in the retention of the train on Thursday, Friday and Sunday nights.
The Capricornian was eventually merged with the Rockhampton - Winton Midlander Train and the merged service was renamed the Spirit of the Outback in November 1993, which now runs from Brisbane to Longreach with a connecting coach service to Winton, largely to cater for the 'rail cruising' tourism market.

## On Board

The Capricornian used standard Queensland Rail M Series and L Series steel rolling stock. As at 1990, the service featured the following facilities and accommodation:
* First Class Roomette Sleepers
* First Class Twinette Sleepers
* Economy Class Triple Berth Sleepers
* Club Car
* Sitting Cars
# Charles Wathen

Sir Charles Wathen (19 March 1833 - 14 February 1893) was a prominent Victorian wool merchant who from 1865 to 1887 ran the well-known British clothing firm of Wathen Gardiner & Co, and served six times as Mayor of Bristol.
He was knighted for his accomplishments on 1 January 1889 during his fourth term as mayor by Queen Victoria. He died on 14 February 1893 shortly after collapsing on the floor of the Bristol City council chamber at the conclusion of an address he had just given to the city fathers. His grave in the Arnos Vale Cemetery is marked by a stone memorial with an epitaph that identifies him as "Charles Wathen, Kt. who died suddenly in the Council Chamber."
# Radio Farhang

Radio Farhang is a radio station in Tehran, Iran, owned by Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting.
# Karl Wessely

Karl Wessely (Carl Wessely; 27 June 1860, Vienna – 21 November 1931) was an Austrian palaeographer and papyrus scholar. He examined manuscripts housed at the Austrian National Library (e.g. Papyrus 3, Uncial 058, 059, 0101, 0237) and in other important European libraries (Papyrus 5).

## Works

* Evangelien-Fragmente auf Papyrus, Wiener Studien 4 (1882), 198-214.
* Analekten. 1. Neue Evangelien-Fragmente auf Papyrus Wiener Studien 7 (1883).
* Prolegomena ad papyrorum graecorum novam collectionem edendam (Wien 1883)
* Bemerkungen zu einigen Publicationen auf dem Gebiete der älteren griechischen Paläographie (Wien 1892)
* Papyrus Erzherzog Rainer. Führer durch die Ausstellung, Wien 1894.
* Wie haben die alten Römer geschrieben? (Wien 1898)
* Les plus anciens monuments du christianisme, Patrologia Orientalis IV, 2, (1907).
* Ein fayumisch-griechisches Evangelien-fragment, Wiener Studien 26 (Vienna, 1912), pp. 270–274.
* Griechische und koptische Texte theologischen inhalts, Studien zur Paläographie und Papyruskunde, (Leipzig 1912) reprinted (Amsterdam 1966)
# 2001 Milan Indoor

The 2001 Milan Indoor was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the PalaLido in Milan, Italy and was part of the International Series of the 2001 ATP Tour. It was the 24th edition of the tournament and ran from 29 January through 4 February 2001.
The singles field was headlined by World No. 1, US Open, Canada and Paris Masters champion Marat Safin, ATP No. 7, Sydney Olympics gold medalist, Moscow and two-time Milan champion Yevgeny Kafelnikov and Auckland champion Dominik Hrbatý. Other seeded players were Dubai and Hong Kong champion Nicolas Kiefer, St. Pölten champion Andrei Pavel, Sjeng Schalken, Roger Federer and Marc Rosset.
This tournament in 2001 was significant as it was the first title of Roger Federer's career.

## Finals
### Singles

Roger Federer defeated Julien Boutter 6–4, 6–7$^{(7–9)}$, 6–4
* It was Federer's 1st singles title of the year and of his career.

### Doubles

Paul Haarhuis / Sjeng Schalken defeated Johan Landsberg / Tom Vanhoudt 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$
* It was Haarhuis' 1st title of the year and the 52nd of his career. It was Schalken's 1st title of the year and the 9th of his career.
# Radioconus goeldi

Radioconus goeldi is a species of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Charopidae. This species is endemic to Brazil.
# Raddatz

Raddatz is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Fritz J. Raddatz (1931–2015), German feuilletonist, essayist, biograph and romancier
* Martha Raddatz (born 1953), an American newscaster
* Emil John Raddatz (1857–1933), an American mining magnate
# Carcinarachne

Carcinarachne is a monotypic genus of South American crab spiders containing the single species, Carcinarachne brocki. It was first described by Günter E. W. Schmidt in 1956, and has only been found in Ecuador.
# Radio Ritam

Radio Ritam is a Bosnian commercial radio group, consisting of five radio stations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This group includes the following radio stations: Radio Ritam Sarajevo, Radio Ritam Banja Luka, Radio Ritam Zenica, Radio Ritam Visoko and Radio Ritam Mostar.
# 2000 Dubai Tennis Championships

The 2000 Dubai Tennis Championships, also known by its sponsored name Duty Free Dubai Open, was a men's tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts at the Aviation Club Tennis Centre in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates that were part of the International Series of the 2000 ATP Tour. The tournament was held from February 7 through February 13, 2000. First-seeded Nicolas Kiefer won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Nicolas Kiefer defeated Juan Carlos Ferrero 7–5, 4–6, 6–3
* It was Kiefer's 1st title of the year and the 5th of his career.

### Doubles

Jiří Novák / David Rikl defeated Robbie Koenig / Peter Tramacchi 6–2, 7–5
* It was Novák's 1st title of the year and the 10th of his career. It was Rikl's 1st title of the year and the 16th of his career.
# 2000 Dutch Open – Doubles

Paul Haarhuis and Sjeng Schalken were the defending champions, but did not participate this year.
Sergio Roitman and Andrés Schneiter won in the final 4–6, 6–4, 6–1, against Edwin Kempes and Dennis van Scheppingen.

## Seeds

* Thomas Shimada / Myles Wakefield (quarterfinals)
* Wayne Arthurs / Nicolás Lapentti (semifinals)
* Devin Bowen / Jens Knippschild (quarterfinals)
* Emilio Benfele Álvarez / Diego del Río (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | T Shimada M Wakefield | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | G Coria M Zabaleta | 0 | 3 | | 1 | T Shimada M Wakefield | 3 | 6 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Y Schukin O Stanoytchev | 6 | 6 | | | Y Schukin O Stanoytchev | 6 | 3 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Frontera S Groen | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | Y Schukin O Stanoytchev | 4 | 6 | 1 | | | | | |
| 4 | E Benfele Álvarez D del Río | 5 | 6 | 4 | | | | | | WC | E Kempes D van Scheppingen | 6 | 3 | 6 | | | | | |
| WC | J Siemerink R Sluiter | 7 | 2 | 6 | WC | J Siemerink R Sluiter | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | E Kempes D van Scheppingen | 6 | 6 | | WC | E Kempes D van Scheppingen | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | G Etlis J Hanquez | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | WC | E Kempes D van Scheppingen | 6 | 4 | 1 |
| | F Browne F Cabello | 6$^7$ | 6 | 6$^3$ | | | | | | | | | | | | S Roitman A Schneiter | 4 | 6 | 6 |
| | S Roitman A Schneiter | 7$^9$ | 3 | 7$^7$ | | S Roitman A Schneiter | 3 | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Burgsmüller A Stoliarov | 2 | 4 | | 3 | D Bowen J Knippschild | 6 | 6$^4$ | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | D Bowen J Knippschild | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | S Roitman A Schneiter | 6 | 7 | | | | | | |
| | T Crichton A Fisher | 6$^4$ | 4 | | | | | | | 2 | W Arthurs N Lapentti | 4 | 5 | | | | | | |
| | Á Calatrava A Peterson | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | Á Calatrava A Peterson | 3 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Greenhalgh G Silcock | 3 | 2 | | 2 | W Arthurs N Lapentti | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | W Arthurs N Lapentti | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Canton of Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche

The canton of Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche is an administrative division of the Haute-Vienne department, western France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche.
It consists of the following communes:
* Bussière-Galant
* Les Cars
* Le Chalard
* Châlus
* Flavignac
* Glandon
* Janailhac
* Ladignac-le-Long
* Lavignac
* Meilhac
* La Meyze
* Nexon
* Pageas
* Rilhac-Lastours
* La Roche-l'Abeille
* Saint-Hilaire-les-Places
* Saint-Yrieix-la-Perche
# Canton of Saint-Étienne-5

The canton of Saint-Étienne-5 (before 2015: Saint-Étienne-Nord-Est-2) is a French administrative division located in the department of Loire and the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It has the following communes:
* Saint-Étienne (partly)
* Saint-Jean-Bonnefonds
* Saint-Priest-en-Jarez
# Charles S. Hastings

Charles Sheldon Hastings (November 27, 1848 – January 31, 1932) was an American physicist known for his work in optics. His father was Panet Marshall Hastings and his mother was Jane Sheldon Hastings. The father was a physician and anatomy teacher at Hamilton College, where Charles was born. At the age of six the family moved to Hartford, Connecticut, where Charles received his early education. Hastings entered Yale University's Sheffield School of Science in 1867 and received his bachelor's degree in 1870. His early interest in astronomy and telescopes were likely due to Chester Lyman, Chair of Physics and Astronomy at the Sheffield School. He then earned a PhD from Yale in 1873, and immediately was made an instructor in physics. In 1875 he resigned to study in Germany and France until being named an associate at the new Johns Hopkins University in 1876. He became an associate professor of physics at Johns Hopkins University and the first Chair of Professor of Physics of Sheffield Scientific School at Yale University. He collaborated with John A. Brashear on the optical design of large telescopes including the 72-inch (180 cm) reflector at Dominion Astrophysical Observatory and the 30-inch (76 cm) photographic refractor at Allegheny Observatory. His optical designs enabled much progress in astronomy at U.S. observatories. The Hastings Triplet magnifying glass design is based on his optical formulae. In 1916, he was elected an Honorary Member of the Optical Society of America. He was awarded the Elliott Cresson Medal in 1926.
In 1878 Hastings married Elizabeth Tracy Smith and they remained together for more than fifty years, until Elizabeth died in 1930 after a long illness. After the death of his wife, Hastings himself declined rapidly and died in January 1932. He was a member of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and the United States National Academy of Sciences. In 1898, Hastings co-authored, with Frederick E. Beach, a textbook entitled A Text-Book of General Physics, which has been characterized as "difficult." It was considered an excellent text for those already enamored with physics but a bad one for those not so enthusiastic about the subject. One copy of this book, apparently once owned by a less enthusiastic student, reportedly contains the inscribed verse, "If we should have another flood | For safety hither fly | Although the earth would be submerged | This book would still be dry."
# Charles S. Hempstead

Charles Smith Hempstead (September 10, 1794 – December 10, 1874) was a businessman, lawyer, and mayor from the U.S. state of Illinois. He is credited for serving as the first mayor of the city of Galena in Jo Daviess County. He was a promoter of the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad and was the younger brother of Missouri Territory House Representative Edward Hempstead.

## Biography

Charles was born in Hebron, Connecticut, on September 10, 1794 to American Revolutionary War veteran Stephen Hempstead Sr. and Marry Lewis. In 1809 at the age of 15 he left his school at the New London Academy in Forest, Virginia for St. Louis. After his arrival he would study law for many years under his elder brother Edward Hempstead, until 1812 when Edward was elected as a Representative from the Missouri Territory. He would pass away in 1817 from a horse accident.
In the 1820s and 1830s Charles traveled throughout Illinois and the Missouri Territory before settling in Galena. In January, 1834 he married Eliza Barnes and they had two children. By April 26, 1841 Galena was granted its charter. During that same period on May 24, a mayoral election was held by the board of trustees in which three candidates ran: Charles, H. H. Gear, and Daniel Wann. The results showed a turnout of 356 voters, of which Charles received 185, resulting in him becoming Galena's first mayor. He would serve until 1845.
Before his mayoral term, in 1840 Charles became an attorney partner with Harvard Law School graduate Elihu B. Washburne up until Washburne was elected to serve as a congressman for Illinois in 1852.
When the American Civil War broke out Charles was given the position of Assistant Paymaster of the Army by President Abraham Lincoln in 1861. He would work under Paymaster-General of the United States Army Timothy Andrews and Benjamin Brice until the wars end. In addition, let it be known that despite Charles support for the Northern Union, he had a mixed view on slavery and may have taken the position as a business venture instead of a moral service.
Charles spent the rest of his days in Galena as a prominent lawyer and member of the Early Settler's Association until his death on December 10, 1874 at age 80. His law and business partner Elihu B. Washburne had this to say about his passing in a letter from January 15, 1875. "I have felt it to be fitting that a tribute should be paid to the memory of a man who was a connecting link with the age gone by, and whose career was so interwoven not only with the history of our immediate locality, but with the earlier settlement of the west and northwest."

## Legacy

Charles left an everlasting effect in Galena and Jo Daviess County, his original home and office still stands near the city's downtown and the Galena River at 611 South Bench Street. His wife Eliza passed away on August 21, 1880 at the age of 81. The couple among other local historical figures are a prominent part of the Galena Historical Society's annual cemetery walk since 1994.
# Radioland: Radio-Activity Revisited

Radioland: Radio-Activity Revisited is a studio album by English improvising pianist and synthesiser player Matthew Bourne (musician) and French electronic composer Franck Vigroux, created to mark the 40th anniversary of Kraftwerk's seminal album Radio-Activity. It was released digitally by The Leaf Label on 4 December 2015, with physical copies following in early 2016.

## Background

The project began when Bourne and Vigroux were commissioned by SoundUK an Arts Council England to reinterpret the material from Radio-Activity. Having already worked together on an album entitled Call Me Madame, the duo were joined by artist Antoine Schmitt creating live visuals. They embarked on six-date UK tour between the 13 and 23 March 2015, which saw Bourne performing on a variety of analogue synthesisers rather than at a piano.
Jazzwise described the music as "a darkly intriguing contemporary spin on the seminal Teutonic band Kraftwerk’s electronic concept" in a review of the trio's London performance, adding that the project felt like a "less naïve, more unsettling, intense soundscape than a mid-1970s era Kraftwerk could ever have dreamt up. Bourne artfully improvises around the original album’s poppy hooks, as on the memorable title track theme that’s played against an ear-shattering electro throb that gives it something of a menacing air. Contrasting with the original’s romantic utopian concept, this felt more like the harsher, more unstable radioactive glow of contemporary dystopia. Yet with the warm ambience of analogue circuitry and Vigroux’s use of vocoder vocal, a more tender, human side came through just as convincingly."
Bourne and Vigroux then went into the studio to record the album, which was mastered by Denis Blackham, who mastered Kraftwerk's 1974 album Autobahn. The album artwork was designed by Antoine Schmitt, based upon the visuals he had created for the group's live show. The LP edition is limited to just 1,000 copies for the world and the CD to 2,000 copies. Both versions include liner notes by David Stubbs, author of Future Days: Krautrock and the Building of Modern Germany.

## Track listing

All songs written by Ralf Huetter/Florian Schneider except "Radioactivity", "Radioland", "Airwaves", "Antenna", "Radio Stars" and "Uranium" written by Ralf Huetter/Florian Schneider-Esleben/Emil Schult. Arranged Franck Vigroux and Matthew Bourne.

## Personnel

* Franck Vigroux – Electronics
* Matthew Bourne – Synthesisers, voice
# Radial

Radial is a geometric term of location which may refer to:

## Mathematics and Direction

* Vector (geometric), a line
* Radius, adjective form of
* Radial distance (geometry), a directional coordinate in a polar coordinate system
* Radial set
* A bearing from a waypoint, such as a VHF omnidirectional range

## Biology

* Radial artery, the main artery of the lateral aspect of the forearm
* Radial nerve, supplies the posterior portion of the upper limb
* Radial symmetry, one of the types of distribution of body parts or shapes in biology
* Radius (bone), a bone of the forearm

## Technology

* Radial (radio), lines which radiate from a radio antenna
* Radial axle, on a locomotive or carriage
* Radial compressor
* Radial delayed blowback
* Radial engine
* Radial tire
* Radial, Inc., e-commerce business
# Charlie Murray

Charlie Murray may refer to:
* Charlie Murray (umpire), Australian rules football player and coach
* Charlie Murray (golfer) (1882–1938), Canadian golfer
# Charlie Murtagh

Charles William Murtagh (born 30 August 1949) is a former Ireland rugby union international from Northern Ireland.
Born in Lurgan, Murtagh was a lock who played for Dungannon, Portadown and Ulster. He gained his only Ireland cap in a match against Scotland at Murrayfield during the 1977 Five Nations Championship.
Murtagh coached Portadown in the late 1980s.
# Carbonear Bay

Carbonear Bay is a natural bay off the island of Newfoundland, located in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The bay is also home to Carbonear Island.
# 2001 Copa Colsanitas

The 2001 Copa Colsanitas was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Club Campestre El Rancho in Bogotá, Colombia that was part of Tier III of the 2001 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and ran from 19 February through 25 February 2001. First-seeded Paola Suárez won the singles title and earned $27,000.

## Finals
### Singles

Paola Suárez defeated Rita Kuti-Kis 6–2, 6–4
* It was Suárez's 1st singles title of the year and the 2nd of her career.

### Doubles

Tathiana Garbin / Janette Husárová defeated Laura Montalvo / Paola Suárez 6–4, 2–6, 6–4
* It was Garbin's 1st title of the year and the 3rd of her career. It was Husárová's 2nd title of the year and the 7th of her career.
# Kaudwane

Kaudwane is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. The village is located in Kalahari Desert, around 220 km north-west of Gaborone, and it has a primary school. The population was 551 in 2001 census.
# Rafael Martinez

Rafael Martinez may refer to:
* Rafael E. Martinez, politician
* Rafael Martínez (gymnast) (born 1983), Spanish artistic gymnast
* Rafael Martínez Aguilera, also known as Rafa Martínez, Spanish basketball player
* Rafael Martínez Nadal (1877–1941), third president of the Senate of Puerto Rico
* Rafael Martínez Torres (born 1959), Puerto Rican jurist
* Rafael Martinez (politician), Filipino politician
* Rafael Martínez (racing driver), Mexican racing driver
* Rafael Martínez (athlete), Cuban discus thrower, see Athletics at the 1930 Central American and Caribbean Games
# Gabriel Lasker

Gabriel Ward Lasker (April 29, 1912 – August 27, 2002) was a British-born American biological anthropologist. He taught anatomy at Wayne State University School of Medicine for 36 years and served as editor-in-chief of the scientific journal Human Biology for 35 years. He was a Fulbright Scholar in Peru in 1957–58. He served as president of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists from 1963 to 1965 and received their Charles R. Darwin Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993. In 1974, he founded the Human Biology Council (later renamed Human Biology Association) as a society that supported the publication of Human Biology.
Lasker also received the Franz Boas Distinguished Achievement Award from the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1996. In 2000, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Turin. He died of kidney disease on in Detroit, Michigan, on August 27, 2002. In 2005, the American Association of Physical Anthropologists established the Gabriel W. Lasker Service Award in his honor.
# Chaetadelpha

Chaetadelpha is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae containing the single species Chaetadelpha wheeleri, or Wheeler's skeletonweed. This brushy perennial plant is native to the western United States (Nevada, eastern California, southeastern Oregon).
Chaetadelpha wheeleri forms a low bush with plentiful erect stems covered in very narrow, long and pointed leaves. Branchlets emerge from the stems and each bears a cylindrical flower which opens at the end into a star-shaped white or pale purple flower with five ray florets. The center of each head is filled with curly pollen-dusted anthers. This species is found most often in sand and scrub, particularly in desert regions.
# Fission Product Pilot Plant

The Fission Product Pilot Plant, building 3515 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), was built in 1948 to extract radioactive isotopes from liquid radioactive waste. It was formerly known as the 'ruthenium-106 tank arrangement'. It is a relatively small facility; the task of extracting radioactive isotopes later took place at a number of specialised buildings nearby.
References differ as to when the plant was built; 'radioactive waste management at ORNL' says that it was completed in 1957, the 1955 Annual Report has engineering drawings indicating that the building was fully designed in 1955, but other references suggest that there was a building on the site in 1948.

## Contamination issues

The plant was extensively contaminated during operation, particularly by waste produced while flushing out the tanks inside for maintenance. Traces of human feces were found in the tanks.

## End of life

Operations at FPPP ended in the early 1960s, and the plant was entombed in concrete up to 1.5 metres (5') thick; there was a proposal made in 1993 for dismantling the plant by robot from the inside, but it's not clear whether this was carried out.