OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 151st Regiment Royal Armoured Corps

The 151st Regiment Royal Armoured Corps (10th Bn King's Own) (151 RAC) was an armoured regiment of the British Army's Royal Armoured Corps that was raised during the Second World War.

## History
### Origin

The 151st Regiment RAC was formed on 1 December 1941 by the conversion to the armoured role of 10th Battalion, King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster), a hostilities-only infantry battalion raised in 1940. 10th King's Own had been serving in 225th Independent Infantry Brigade (Home), a Home Service formation, when it was redesignated 35th Army Tank Brigade. In common with most other infantry battalions that were transferred to the Royal Armoured Corps, all personnel would have continued to wear their King's Own cap badge on the black beret of the Royal Armoured Corps.

### Training

Based at Prudhoe in Northumberland, the regiment began receiving Churchill tanks in February 1942.
In August 1942 151 RAC was transferred to Westgate-on-Sea in Kent to serve with 25th Army Tank Brigade in 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division, (at that time training as a 'mixed' division). Shortly afterwards, 25th Tank Brigade was replaced by 34th Tank Brigade, and 151 RAC transferred to this formation.
During 1943 the regiment continued to be based at various places in Kent, training in the infantry tank role with 43rd (Wessex) and 59th (Staffordshire) Infantry Divisions, including wading trials for amphibious operations. One night in December 1943, while based at Folkestone, the regiment's camp was shelled by German artillery batteries on the French coast, and lost a few vehicles destroyed and damaged.

### Disbandment

In autumn 1943 the decision was made disband surplus tank regiments. One of those selected was 107th Regiment RAC, which had been formed from the 5th Battalion, King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster). A 'token party' of three officers and 47 other ranks from 107 RAC was sent to 151 RAC. On 30 December 1943 151 RAC formally disbanded in order to adopt the number of 107 RAC – thus perpetuating the link with the 5th Battalion, King's Own, a permanent '1st Line' Territorial battalion as opposed to the 'hostilities-only' 10th Battalion that had become 151 RAC.
Under its new designation, the regiment served in Normandy, the Netherlands and Germany during the North-West Europe campaign, before disbanding in 1945.
# Ravindra N. Sudan

Ravindra Nath Sudan (also called Ravi Sudan; June 8, 1931 – January 22, 2009) was an Indian-American electrical engineer and physicist who specialized in plasma physics. He was known for independently discovering the whistler instability in 1963, an instability which causes audible low-frequency radio waves to be emitted in the magnetosphere in the form of whistler waves. He also pioneered the study of the generation and propagation of intense ion beams, and contributed to theories of plasma instabilities and plasma turbulence.

## Early life and career

Sudan studied at Punjab University (Bachelor's degree in 1948) and at the India Institute of Science, where he received his diploma in 1952. In 1955, he received his doctorate in electrical engineering from Imperial College London, where he was a Tata Fellow. He then worked as an engineer at the British Thomson-Houston Company until 1957 and then at Imperial Chemical Industries.
From 1958, he was a scientist at Cornell University (in Simpson Linke's electrical engineering laboratory). His studies of power cut-off devices there led him to plasma physics. In 1959, he became assistant professor there and 1968 professor of electrical engineering and applied physics. He was IBM Professor of Engineering there from 1975 and from 1975 to 1985, the director of the Laboratory for Plasma Studies. He retired as Professor Emeritus in 2001.
In 1984, he founded the Cornell Theory Center with Kenneth G. Wilson and was its deputy director from 1985 to 1987. In 1970–71, he headed the theoretical plasma physics department at the US Naval Research Laboratory. From 1970 to 1973, he was a visiting scientist at the International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste and in 1975 at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. In 1983, he was a Senior Research Fellow of the Fusion Research Institute at the University of Texas at Austin.

## Honors and awards

In 1968, Sudan was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society. In 1989, he received the James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics. In 1994, he received the gold medal from the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.
# Ravindra Nath Tripathi

Ravindra Nath Tripathi is an Indian politician and a member of 17th Legislative Assembly, Uttar Pradesh of India. He represents the Bhadohi constituency of Uttar Pradesh. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Political career

Ravindra Nath Tripathi has been a member of the 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. Since 2017, he has represented the Bhadohi constituency and is a member of the BJP. Ravindra Nath Tripathi won the Uttar Pradesh assembly elections held in 2017 by defeating his close contestant Zahid Baig with a margin of 1,105 votes.
| # | From | To | Position | Comments |
| 01 | 2017 | 2022 | Member, 17th Legislative Assembly | |
# Children's Grand Park, Busan

Children's Grand Park (Korean: 어린이대공원) is a park complex in Choeup-dong, Busanjin District, Busan, South Korea. Facilities at the Children's Grand Park include hills and hiking trails, Zoo, gardens, a lake and streams, observation tower and an amusement park.

## Public transportation

Busan Metro Line 1 or Busan Metro Line 2, Seomyeon Station (Exit 2) → Bus 63, 81, 83-1, 133, 54 → Children’s Park
# 1677 in Ireland

Events from the year 1677 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Monarch: Charles II

## Events

* 24 August – James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, is again sworn in as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
* Francis Aungier, 3rd Baron Aungier of Longford, is created 1st Earl of Longford in the Peerage of Ireland.
* Richard Jones, Viscount Ranelagh, is created 1st (and only) Earl of Ranelagh in the Peerage of Ireland.
* Laurence Parsons is created Sir Laurence Parsons, 1st Baronet, of Birr Castle in the King's County, in the Baronetage of Ireland.
* Froinsias Ó Maolmhuaidh's Grammatica Latino-Hibernica nunc compendiata, the first printed grammar of the Irish language (in Latin), is published by the Congregation of Propaganda Fide in Rome.

## Births

* Approximate date – Richard FitzWilliam, 5th Viscount FitzWilliam, nobleman and politician (d. 1743)
* 1677 or 1678 – George Farquhar, dramatist (d. 1707)

## Deaths

* September – Richard Bellings, lawyer and Confederate politician (b. 1677)
* 14 November – John Temple, judge and politician (b. 1600)
* 21 December – John Parry, Church of Ireland Bishop of Ossory.
* 31 December – Theobald Taaffe, 1st Earl of Carlingford, Royalist soldier and courtier (b. c.1603)
* Francis de Bermingham, Baron Athenry.
* Froinsias Ó Maolmhuaidh, Franciscan friar and linguist (b. c.1605)
* Probable date – John Lynch (Gratianus Lucius), Roman Catholic priest and historian (b. 1599?)
# Rang Mahal School

Rang Mahal School, officially known as Government Rang Mahal High School, formerly known as Rang Mahal Mission School, is a government school located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

## History

Rang Mahal School was founded by Charles William Forman and John Newton on 19 December 1849 as Lahore Mission School. It was the first English-medium school in northern India at the time of its establishment. Initially, the classes of the school were started under a tree with three students of Kashmiri ancestry. The school was later shifted to Rang Mahal in 1852, a mahal that was previously owned by Saadullah Khan, a grand wazir of Emperor Shah Jahan, but was acquired by the mission to establish a school.
The school was nationalized by the Government of Pakistan in 1972. Formerly, it was under the administration of Presbyterian Education Trust.

## Alumni

* Syed Fida Hassan
* Kailash Nath Katju
# Rang Pho railway station

Rang Pho railway station is a railway station located in Bang Bon Tai subdistrict, Bang Bon district, Bangkok. It is a class 2 railway station. Currently, 34 rail services operate at the station. It is one of the few stations on the single-track line with a passing loop.

## History

The station opened on 29 December 1904 during the reign of King Chulalongkorn, as part of the Pak Khlong San–Mahachai railway operated by the Tachin Railway Ltd.
# Catanha

Henrique Guedes da Silva (born 6 March 1972), known as Catanha, is a former professional footballer who played as a striker, and the manager of CD Nerja.
He played almost exclusively for modest clubs in his native Brazil (seven teams in total), except for a brief spell with Atlético Mineiro. He competed in Spain during 12 seasons, most notably with Celta, amassing La Liga totals of 148 matches and 62 goals in five years.
Catanha represented the Spain national team.

## Club career

Catanha was born in Recife. After having played with modest clubs in his native country, he arrived in 1995 in Portugal to play for C.F. Os Belenenses, teaming up with countryman Everton Giovanella with whom he would later play in two teams in Spain; there, he started competing in the second division, with UD Salamanca and CD Leganés.
Moving to Málaga CF for the 1998–99 season, Catanha contributed with 26 goals to the Andalusia side's La Liga promotion, and also won the Pichichi Trophy. He scored a further 24 in 1999–2000's top flight, tied for second with Atlético Madrid's Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink.
Catanha joined RC Celta de Vigo in July 2000, being an instrumental part of the Galicians' domestic and European exploits in a three-year span. However, when the club played UEFA Champions League in the 2003–04 campaign, he only backed up Savo Milošević, and also suffered team relegation.
After that Catanha went pretty much unnoticed, representing FC Krylia Sovetov Samara, Belenenses, Marília Atlético Clube and Clube Atlético Mineiro. In January 2006 he returned to Spain, playing with modest CD Linares (third level, two-and-a-half seasons) and Unión Estepona CF (division four).
In early 2010, aged nearly 38, Catanha returned to his nation of birth, resuming his career in the lower leagues. After a career lasting well into his 40s and playing with his son Pedro at UD Dos Hermanas San Andrés, he finally retired from football in 2017, after a stint at Club Atlético Estación.
Catanha was announced as manager of Gibraltar Second Division side Leo F.C. in June 2017, but he resigned before appearing in a competitive game. He then became CD Estepona's director of football.

## International career

Catanha earned three caps for Spain – all in 2000 – despite being born in Brazil. His debut came on 7 October in a 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Israel, coming on as a 71st-minute substitute for Ismael Urzaiz in a 2–0 home win.
Catanha was one of five black or mixed-race players to have played for Spain along with Thiago Alcântara, Donato, Vicente Engonga and Marcos Senna, all but the third being Brazilian nationals.
# Raphaël Jerusalmy

Raphaël Jerusalmy (born 7 November 1954, in Paris) is a French writer.

## Biography

Raphaël Jerusalmy graduated from the École normale supérieure. After his studies, he joined the Israeli army, where he rapidly evolved into Intelligence Service. After fifteen years, he retired from the army and carried out educational and humanitarian actions, then became an old books dealer in Tel Aviv. He is also an "expert" on the TV channel I24news.

## Works

* 2002: Shalom Tsahal. Confessions d’un lieutenant-colonel des renseignements israéliens, Paris, NM 7 éditeur, 394 p. ISBN 2-913973-27-2.
* 2012: Sauver Mozart. Le Journal d'Otto J. Steiner, Arles, Actes Sud, series "Domaine français", 148 p. ISBN 978-2-330-00516-0
       - Prix Emmanuel Roblès 2013.
       - Prix littéraire de l'ENS Cachan.
* 2013: La Confrérie des chasseurs de livres, Actes Sud, series "Domaine français", 320 p. ISBN 978-2-330-02261-7.
* 2016: Les obus jouaient à pigeon vole, Éditions Bruno Doucey [fr], 177 p. ISBN 978-2-362-290947.
* 2017: Évacuation, Arles, Actes Sud, 128 p. ISBN 978-2-330-07572-9.
* 2018: La Rose de Saragosse, Arles, France, Actes Sud, 192 p. ISBN 978-2-330-09054-8
* 2022: In Absentia, Actes Sud, 176 p. ISBN 978-2330164362
# Rantasalmi Airfield

Rantasalmi Airfield is an airfield in Rantasalmi, Finland, about 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) east of Rantasalmi municipal centre.
# 1812 election

1812 election may refer to:
* Louisiana gubernatorial election, 1812
* 1812 United Kingdom general election
* 1812 United States presidential election
* United States House of Representatives elections, 1812 and 1813
# Chiarelli

Chiarelli (Italian:) is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bernard Chiarelli (born 1934), French footballer
* Bob Chiarelli (born 1941), Canadian politician
* Charly Chiarelli (born 1948), Canadian writer
* Geno Chiarelli (born 1994), American politician
* Gina Chiarelli, Canadian actress
* Luigi Chiarelli (1880–1947), Italian playwright, theatre critic, and writer of short stories
* Peter Chiarelli (disambiguation), two or more people
* Raffaele Chiarelli (born 1990), Belgian footballer
* Rick Chiarelli (born c. 1964), Canadian politician
* Rita Chiarelli, Canadian singer
* Rob Chiarelli (born 1963), American record producer
* Talia Chiarelli (born 1995), Canadian gymnast
# China Institute of International Studies

CIIS, or the China Institute of International Studies (Chinese: 中国国际问题研究所; pinyin: Zhōngguó Guójì Wèntí Yánjiūsuǒ) is a professional research institute directly administered by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. The Institute primarily focuses on issues associated with global politics and economics. It also facilitates the decision-making process of the central government.
The institute was founded in 1956 as the Institute of International Relations of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was renamed Institute of International Relations in 1958, and assumed its present name in December 1986. In 1998, the China Center for International Affairs, formerly a research institution of China's State Council, was incorporated with CIIS.

## Organization

The Institute researchers are mainly composed of senior diplomats and prominent scholars. There are also young graduates of IR backgrounds from advanced universities. The presidency is held by former Chinese Ambassadors; the incumbent president is Su Ge.
The organization comprises eight departments and four affiliate bodies:

### Departments

* Department of Global Strategy
* Department of Information and Contingencies Analysis
* Department of American Studies
* Department of Asia-Pacific Security and Cooperation
* Department of EU Studies
* Department of Developing Countries Studies
* Department of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Studies
* Department of World Economy and Development Studies

### Affiliates

* China National Commission for Pacific Economic Cooperation
* China Commission of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific
* China International Studies and Academic Exchange Foundation
* China Arms Control and Disarmament Association
It also houses Research Centers on the study of European Union, the Middle East, the South Pacific, China's Energy Strategy, Periphery Security and World Economy and Security. In addition, the Institute runs the International Affairs Office, which is responsible for overseeing international liaisons, and an editorial office for the publication of the Chinese and English version of the bi-monthly journal International Studies, whose contributors include CIIS researchers and independent foreign affairs experts. In July 2020, the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Foreign Affairs opened at CIIS.
# Catfish Christmas

Catfish Christmas is an American romantic holiday drama film directed by Victoria Rowell. The film stars Tony Todd,Ella Joyce, Leigh-Ann Rose, Devin Laster, Anthony B. Riggins Jr., Andrae Todd James Bicy, and Charlotte Evelyn Williams.

## Premise

Online Dating becomes a disaster when a woman (Rose) learns that the handsome football player (Riggins) she's interested in, may not be what she's looking for.

## Cast

* Tony Todd as Bob
* Ella Joyce as Helen
* Leigh-Ann Rose as Leslie
* Devin Laster as Devin Miller
* Anthony B. Riggins Jr. as Mike Avery
* Andrae Todd James Bicy as Gary
* Charlotte Evelyn Williams as Faith

## Music

Talip Peshkepia is the composer for the film. "Christmas Love" by Pop/RnB/Soul Artist DeAna Fai debuted as the theme song as well as others to include "Two Worlds," "Challenge," and "Me and Mine."

## Release

The film was released on December 1, 2022 by Vision Films.
# Catocala eminens

Catocala eminens is a moth in the family Erebidae first described by Otto Staudinger in 1892. It is found in south-eastern Siberia.
# Castelblanco

Castelblanco is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jorge Castelblanco (born 1987), long-distance runner from Panama
* José Castelblanco (born 1969), Colombian cyclist
# 1808 in birding and ornithology

* Louis Pierre Vieillot commences Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique septentrionale. Desray, Paris (1807-1808).
* Alexander Wilson commences the nine-volume American Ornithology (1808–1814), illustrating 268 species of birds, 26 of which had not previously been described.
* John William Lewin's Birds of New Holland with their Natural History published in London. He writes the first description of the Regent bowerbird in this work.
* Coenraad Jacob Temminck publishes Histoire naturelle générale des pigeons et des gallinacés. Sepps, Amsterdam 1808–15.
* This article about ornithology is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Catephia barrettae

Catephia barrettae is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in South Africa, where it has been recorded from the Eastern Cape.
# Catephia albirena

Catephia albirena is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Ethiopia.
# Chamalycaeus miyazakii

Chamalycaeus miyazakii s a species of tropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Alycaeidae.
This species is endemic to Japan.
# Carl Thomas

Carl Thomas may refer to:
* Carl Thomas (baseball) (1932–2013), American Major League Baseball pitcher
* Carl Thomas (basketball) (born 1969), American basketball player
* Carl Thomas (singer) (born 1972), American R&B singer
* Tre Thomas (Carl Grady Thomas III, born 1975), American football player
* Carl Thomas, member of dance music group K-Klass
* Carl Thomas, fictional character in On Beauty
# Chydorus

Chydorus is a genus of Chydoridae.
The genus was described in 1816 by William Elford Leach.
It has cosmopolitan distribution.
It was found that centers of dispersion of two Chydorus groups were located in the European part of the continent and two others in Asia. One clade survived during harsh conditions of the Pleistocene glaciation in a northern refugium, while another clade survived in the south.
Species include:
* Chydorus gibbus
* Chydorus globosus
* Chydorus latus
* Chydorus ovalis
* Chydorus piger
* Chydorus rylovi Mukhamediev, 1963
* Chydorus sinensis Frey, 1987
* Chydorus sphaericus (O.F. Müller, 1776)
# 2005 Mosconi Cup

The 2005 Mosconi Cup, the 12th edition of the annual nine-ball pool competition between teams representing Europe and the United States, took place 15–18 December 2005 at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada. A shot clock was used for the first time in the events history.
Team USA won the Mosconi Cup by defeating Team Europe 11–6.

## Teams

Team USA :
| Name | State of birth | Notes |
| Rodney Morris | California | |
| Shawn Putnam | Pennsylvania | |
| Jeremy Jones | Texas | |
| Earl Strickland | North Carolina | Most Valued Player |
| Charlie Williams | South Korea$^1$ | |
| Johnny Archer | Georgia | Captain |
Team Europe :
| Name | Nationality | Notes |
| Marcus Chamat | Sweden | |
| Raj Hundal | United Kingdom | |
| Thorsten Hohmann | Germany | |
| Niels Feijen | Netherlands | |
| Alex Lely | Netherlands | |
| Mika Immonen | Finland | Captain |
* $^1$ Born outside the United States.

## Results
### Thursday, 15 December

| | Results | |
| Doubles Thorsten Hohmann Niels Feijen | 5–1 | Doubles Johnny Archer Jeremy Jones |
| Singles Mika Immonen | 5–2 | Singles Johnny Archer |
| Doubles Alex Lely Raj Hundal | 3–5 | Doubles Charlie Williams Shawn Putnam |
| Singles Niels Feijen | 3–5 | Singles Charlie Williams |
| Doubles Mika Immonen Marcus Chamat | 4–5 | Doubles Earl Strickland Rodney Morris |
| 2 | Session | 3 |
| 2 | Overall | 3 |

### Friday, 16 December

| | Results | |
| Doubles Thorsten Hohmann Niels Feijen | 4–5 | Doubles Charlie Williams Shawn Putnam |
| Singles Raj Hundal | 5–4 | Singles Shawn Putnam |
| Doubles Mika Immonen Marcus Chamat | 4–5 | Doubles Johnny Archer Jeremy Jones |
| Singles Thorsten Hohmann | 5–4 | Singles Jeremy Jones |
| Doubles Alex Lely Raj Hundal | 2–5 | Doubles Earl Strickland Rodney Morris |
| 2 | Session | 3 |
| 4 | Overall | 6 |

### Saturday, 17 December

| | Results | |
| Doubles Niels Feijen Alex Lely | 5–3 | Doubles Charlie Williams Shawn Putnam |
| Singles Alex Lely | 4–5 | Singles Rodney Morris |
| Doubles Marcus Chamat Mika Immonen | 2–5 | Doubles Rodney Morris Earl Strickland |
| Singles Marcus Chamat | 2–5 | Singles Earl Strickland |
| Doubles Thorsten Hohmann Raj Hundal | 3–5 | Doubles Jeremy Jones Johnny Archer |
| 1 | Session | 4 |
| 5 | Overall | 10 |

### Sunday, 18 December

| | Results | |
| Singles Mika Immonen | 5–4 | Singles Shawn Putnam |
| Singles Thorsten Hohmann | 4–5 | Singles Jeremy Jones |
| 1 | Session | 1 |
| 6 | Overall | 11 |
# Pyu

Pyu, also spelled Phyu or Phyuu, is a town in Taungoo District, Bago Region in Myanmar. It is the administrative seat of Phyu Township.The old Yangon-Mandalay highway passes through Phyu Township. In addition, the Phyu-Oakpyat-Mong-(Kyauk Gyi)-Htantabin-Taungoo road was built and Phyu became more prosperous. The new Yangon-Mandalay Expressway (AH-1) is also about 3 miles west of Phyu. The Yangon-Mandalay railway also runs through Phyu Township. Phyu is surrounded by the Sittaung River to the east and Bago Yoma to the west. Phyu Stream passes through the center of the city, and Kwin Stream is the southern boundary of Kyauktadakha Township. Phyu is located 156 feet above sea level.
# 15 Éxitos

15 Éxitos, or 15 Exitos, may refer to:
* 15 Éxitos (Alejandra Guzmán album), 2002
* 15 éxitos (Flor Silvestre album), 1984
* 15 éxitos, vol. 2 (Flor Silvestre album)
* 15 Éxitos Vol. 1 (Los Caminantes album), 1983
* 15 Éxitos Vol. 2, a 1985 album by Los Caminantes
* 15 Éxitos Vol. 3, a 1987 album by Los Caminantes
* 15 Éxitos de Juan Gabriel, 2004
* 15 Éxitos: Corridos Famosos, 1991
# Camponotus prostans

Camponotus prostans is a species of ant in the genus Camponotus. Described by Auguste-Henri Forel in 1910, the species is restricted to Western Australia.