OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Crossfaderz

Professional ratings :
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Crossfaderz is the second album by turntablist Roc Raida. It was released on July 11, 2000, for Moonshine Music and featured production from Roc Raida, DJ Q-Bert, D-Styles and The X-Ecutioners.

## Track listing

* "Who You Fuckin' Wit?"- 2:07
* "Keep It Real Airlines"- 1:29
* "What Car and Limo Service"- :57
* "The Enemy"- 4:19 (Featuring Diggin' in the Crates Crew)
* "Visualize"- 2:14 (Featuring Mister Complex)
* "Conceited Bastard"- 3:03 (Featuring Mad Skillz)
* "Tried By 12"- 2:52
* "The Session"- 2:51
* "Fist of the White Lotus"- 1:03
* "Caller Trying to Win Tickets"- 1:00
* "Missing in Action"- 3:33
* "Raida's Theme"- 3:38 (Featuring WaynO of the E. Bros)
* "The Heist"- 3:16 (Featuring Big L)
* "Drop It Heavy"- 4:28 (Featuring Showbiz & AG)
* "Lifestyles of the Rich and Dangerous"- 2:33
* "One Man Band"- 3:10
* "Black Pack Rapper"- 2:02
* "Slash Ya Face Records"- 1:25
* "Bitch in Yoo"- 3:52 (Featuring Common)
* "Find That"- 3:37 (Featuring The Beatnuts)
* "Getting Closer to God"- 3:34 (Featuring Krumbsnatcha, DJ Premier
* "MC-2"- 2:59 (Featuring Diamond D)
* "Razorblade Alcohol Slide"- 3:34 (Featuring DJ Q-Bert, D-Styles)

## Personnel

* The Beatnuts – Producer
* Beats Anonymous – Performer
* Big L – Performer
* DJ Spinna – Producer
* DMC – Photo Courtesy
* East Flatbush Project – Performer
* Missin' Linx – Performer
* Roc Raida – Producer, DJ, Mixing
* Pete Rock – Producer
* Show & A.G. – Performer
* Skillz – Performer
* The X-ecutioners – Performer
# Gamvik

Gamvik or Gamvika may refer to:

## Places

* Gamvik Municipality, a municipality in Finnmark county, Norway
* Gamvik (village), a village in Gamvik Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway
* Gamvik Church, a church in Gamvik Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway
* Gamvik Airport, an inactive airport in Gamvik Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway
# Crotalus durissus ruruima

Crotalus durissus ruruima is a subspecies of venomous pit viper from Brazil. It is restricted mainly to the savannah regions of Roraima, however it has been recorded in the Apiaú region possibly due to the deforestation of its natural range.

## Description

Crotalus durissus ruruima displays a pair of dark stripes with lighter centers on its neck as well as a triangular head. It can be distinguished from other snakes by its specific scale count as well as its more conspicuous diamond pattern (with outlines of white) and 31.5 cm to 134.5 cm total body length.
C. d. ruruima could display sexual dimorphism through its specific scale count as well as females being larger on average, however more research is required to definitively conclude this.

## Venom

Bites from Crotalus durissus ruruima are known to cause respiratory muscle paralysis, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, pain, edema, myolysis, bleeding, uncoagulable blood and death. It may present yellow or white, with the white venom showing more lethal, coagulant, myotoxic, edematogenic and hemolytic activity and the yellow variety showing hemorrhagic, necrotic and caseinolytic activities.

## Diet & behaviour

Crotalus durissus ruruima is known to eat rodents (including mice), lizards (Ameiva ameiva & Tropidurus hispidus), birds and frogs (Leptodactylus macrosternum).
C. d. ruruima hunts by waiting on the ground for ground-level prey. They are also known to share burrows, with up to 7 rattlesnakes being found sharing a single burrow.
When threatened, C. d. ruruima is known to shake its rattle-tail, attempt to bite, perform cloacal discharge, open its mouth, struggle, squirt liquid from the cloacal gland in the form of jets and flatten and rotate the body. The secretion from the cloacal gland has a strong smell and can cause nausea and burning in the mouth and eyes, indicating that this can be an important defensive tactic against predators.

## Reproduction

Crotalus durissus ruruima is viviparous and gives birth to an average of 11 young in southeastern Brazil, and 12 to 33 northeastern Brazil. Males may engage in combat over mating.
# Cugnet River

The Cugnet river (in French: rivière Cugnet) is a tributary of the Beaurivage River which is a tributary of the west bank of the Chaudière River (slope of the south bank of the St. Lawrence River). It flows in the municipality of Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon of the Lotbinière Regional County Municipality and in the Saint-Étienne-de-Lauzon of the city of Lévis, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

## Geography

The main neighboring watersheds of the Cugnet river are:
* north side: Beaurivage River, Chaudière River;
* east side: Chaudière River;
* south side: Malbrook stream, Bras d'Henri, Beaurivage River;
* West side: rivière aux Pins, Noire River, rivière Rouge, Beaurivage River.
The Cugnet river takes its source south of "rue du Pont", in the Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon area of the city of Lévis. This headland is located near the northern limit of the municipality of Saint-Bernard (MRC de La Nouvelle-Beauce Regional County Municipality), to the south-east of the village "Parc Boutin "in Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon and at 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) west of the Chaudière River.
From its source, the Cugnet River flows in agricultural and forest areas over 15.4 kilometres (9.6 mi) divided into the following segments:
* 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) north, up to route 218 which it intersects at 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) southwest of the bridge spanning the Chaudière River;
* 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) towards the west, up to the road separating the sectors of Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon (south side) and Saint-Étienne-de-Lauzon (North Coast);
* 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) westward, up to its confluence.
The Cugnet river empties on the eastern bank of the Beaurivage River in the hamlet "Pointe Saint-Gilles". This confluence is located at:
* 200 metres (660 ft) downstream of the bridge separating the Lotbinière Regional County Municipality and the town of Lévis (Saint-Étienne-de-Lauzon sector);
* downstream from the village of Saint-Gilles;
* 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) (or 0.8 kilometres (0.50 mi) in a direct line) upstream of the confluence of the Noire River;
* 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) (or 2.0 kilometres (1.2 mi) in a direct line) upstream of the confluence of the Rouge River;
* upstream of the hamlet "chemin Craig".

## Toponymy

The term "Cugnet" constitutes a family name of French origin.
The toponym "Cugnet river" evokes the life work of François-Joseph Cugnet, Lord of Saint-Étienne. Cugnet has also worked as judge, attorney general, grand voyer, official translator and French secretary to the governor and the Council of Quebec, clerk of the terrier and lawyer. He was born on June 26, 1720, in Quebec. He is the eldest son of François-Étienne Cugnet and Louise-Madeleine Dusautoy (Dusaultoir). He died in this town on November 16, 1789.
The toponym "rivière Cugnet" was made official on December 5, 1968, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.
# Garabito Empire

The empire, domain or lordship of King Garabito was a vast territory controlled by Huetar King Garabito and that extended through most of the Central Valley of Costa Rica from the Virilla River (natural border with the also Huetar but smaller Señorío del Guarco) in modern San José to the Atlantic Slope in what is now the north of the country (Alajuela, Grecia and San Carlos mainly). Garabito's domain transcended the borders of the Western Huetar Kingdom where it had multiple vassal populations such as Coyoche, Abacara, Chucasque, Cobobici (possibly Corobicí), Cobux, Yurustí and Barva, and also included several submissive peoples but not incorporated into their kingdom; the Botos, Tises and Catapas.
Although the exact location of its capital is unknown, it is speculated that it could be in San Ramón near where it made war raids against the botos. The empire was also an enemy of the also vast Kingdom of Nicoya, of ethnic chorotega unrelated to the huétares but with the Oto-Mangueans instead and that represented other of the largest pre-Hispanic Costa Rican empires.
Another enemy of the empire was the Nicarao people who encroached and settled on part of its territory and displaced the Huetares that inhabited Bagaces, sparking a tribal war between the two.
Garabito presented a fierce resistance to the Spanish conquering expansions, considerably delaying the process of conquest and colonization and causing many headaches to the Spanish governors such as Juan de Cavallón and Vázquez de Coronado, but he would finally be defeated and his domain annexed to the governorship of Costa Rica under the name that the Spanish designated as Garabito province.
# Climate change in the Americas

For details on climate change in North America, please see:
* Climate change in Canada
* Climate change in the Caribbean
* Climate change in Greenland
* Climate change in Grenada
* Climate change in Guatemala
* Climate change in Honduras
* Climate change in Mexico
* Climate change in Nicaragua
* Climate change in the United States
For details on climate change in South America, please see:
* Climate change in Argentina
* Climate change in Brazil
* Climate of Chile
* Climate change in Colombia
* Climate change in Ecuador
* Climate change in Guyana
* Climate change in Paraguay
* Climate change in Peru
* Climate change in Suriname
* Climate change in Uruguay
* Climate change in Venezuela
vteClimate change :
Causes :
Effects and issues :
Mitigation :
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Background and theory :
Climate change portal
Category
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Index :
# Crown and Anchor, Euston

The Crown and Anchor is a Grade II listed public house at 137 Drummond Street, Euston, London NW1 2HL.
It was built in the 19th century.
# Gao Cercle

Gao Cercle is an administrative subdivision of the Gao Region of north-eastern Mali. The administrative center (chef-lieu) is the town of Gao.
During the Northern Mali conflict in 2012, the main Tuareg rebel group, the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) lost the region to the Islamist groups Ansar Dine, Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa (MOJWA) and Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). In 2013, the Islamists then lost most of the region to French and Malian soldiers.
The cercle is divided into seven communes:
* Anchawadi
* Gabero
* Gao (an urban commune)
* Gounzoureye
* N'Tillit
* Sony Aliber
* Tilemsi
# Gao Cen

Gao Cen (Chinese: 高岑), courtesy name as Shanchang or Weisheng, is a famed Chinese painter active during the Qing Dynasty. A native Hangzhou, he lived in Jinling (now Nanjing) and was one of "Eight Masters of Jinling".

## Eight masters of Jinling

At the beginning the Qing dynasty was formed by a group of artists, called Eight masters of Jinling (current Nanjing). Junling was the most important city after Beijing. Many loyal supporters gathered for the foundation of Qing. Eight masters de Janling: Gong Xian, Fan Qi, Zou Zhe, Wu Hong, Hu Zao, Gao Cen, Ye Xin and Xie Sun, kept their fidelity mostly to Ming and expressed their feelings in their writings.

## Biography

Gao Cen lived for the known part of his life in Nanjing where he was considered as part of «Eight masters of Nanjing» as painter but also poet. He was good at painting flowers and landscapes. Number of his landscapes, as escaped Vision of the stony city, represent surroundings of Jinling.
There wasn't found the method of ink accumulation by Gong Xian; he used rather traditional linear methods. He was gifted for the drawing of outlines and employed job magnificently in the dry brush for the shade. Unlike Gong, most of his writings were accomplished in colour on silk.

## Museums

* Beijing (Museum of the imperial palace):
** Vision fugitive of the stony city, section of a portable roll, inks and colour on silk, 36,3x701,8 cm
* Berlin
** Paintings of landscapes, dated from 1672, ink and colours on paper, album of twelve canvases according to the masters Song and Yuan, inscription of the painter on the last canvas.
# Gao Chang

Gao Chang (born January 29, 1987, in Jinan, Shandong, China) is a Chinese swimmer, who competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics and who was a part of China's 2008 Olympic Team. She was part of the Chinese 4 x 100 m medley relay team at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Gao Chang won the gold in the 50-metre backstroke final of 2010 Asian Games.

## Major achievements

Source:
* 2004 Olympic Games - 15th 100 m back;
* 2004 World Short-Course Championships - 2nd 50 m/100 m back;
* 2005 World Championships - 2nd 50 m back;
* 2005 Asian Winter Games - 1st 50 m/100 m back;
* 2005 National Games - 1st 100 m back;
* 2006 World Short-Course Championships - 3rd 50 m/100 m back;
* 2007 Asian Games - 2nd 50 m back;
* 2008 World Short-Course Championships - 2nd 50 m back
* 2010 Asian Games - 1st 50 m back

## Records

* 2004 National Championships - 28.48, 50 m back (AR);
* 2004 Short-Course World Cup - 58.49, 100 m back (NR);
* 2005 World Championships - 28.31, 50 m back (Tournament Record);
* 2008 World Short-Course Championships - 26.70 50 m back (AR)
# Gao Bolong

Gao Bolong (Chinese: 高伯龙; pinyin: Gāo Bólóng; Wade–Giles: Kao Po-lung; 1928–2017) was a pioneering Chinese laser physicist.
Gao was born in Nanning, Guangxi. Following his father, he lived in several cities in his childhood. When the Japanese invaded Guangxi in 1944, Gao joined the Nationalist Army. He returned to school after the end of the WWII. In 1951, he graduated in physics from Tsinghua University.
Gao hoped to engage in basic research, but was assigned to then Institute of Applied Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was transferred to Harbin Institute of Military Engineering in 1954, and then to Changsha in 1970. Gao was appointed the leader of a scientific team to develop the domestic ring laser gyroscope there. The final prototype was built in 1994. He also improved the coating technology. He became a professor in 1978, and was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1997.
During the Anti-Rightist Campaign, Gao was denounced for "lacking progressive political consciousness" in 1958 and banished to the countryside, where he developed asthma. When the Cultural Revolution began, he was denounced again.
# Gangneung Asan Hospital

Gangneung Asan Hospital (Korean: 강릉아산병원) is a tertiary referral hospital in Gangneung, South Korea. It was established by Asan Foundation and its founder Chung Ju-yung. It is the 2nd largest member hospital (825 beds) of Asan Health Network which consists of 8 hospitals including Asan Medical Center in Seoul since it opened in 1996. Gangneung Asan Hospital is one of teaching hospitals for University of Ulsan College of Medicine.
# Cliniodes latipennis

Cliniodes latipennis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1964. It is found in southern Brazil, north to Minas Gerais.
# James Perry

James Perry may refer to:
* James Perry (journalist) (1756–1821), British journalist and newspaper editor
* James Franklin Perry (1790–1853), early Texas settler (with wife Emily Austin Perry)
* Jimmy Perry (1923–2016), English actor and scriptwriter
* James E. C. Perry (born 1944), jurist
* James Stewart Perry (born 1947), sculptor
* James L. Perry (born 1948), academic
* James Perry, strongman, see 1992 World's Strongest Man
* James Lewis Perry (born 1979), cyclist
* James M. Perry (1927–2016), American journalist and author
* James M. Perry (lawyer) (1894–1964), South Carolina's first female lawyer
* James Perry (American football), American football coach and player
* James Perry (luthier), Irish luthier
* Jim Perry (television personality) (1933–2015), television personality and game show host
* Jim Perry (baseball) (born 1935), baseball player
* Jim Perry (politician) (born c. 1972), member of the North Carolina State Senate
* Rick Perry (James Richard Perry, born 1950), American politician
# James Perkins Jr.

James Perkins Jr. (born 1952 or 1953) is an American politician who is the incumbent mayor of Selma, Alabama. The first African American mayor of the city, he won a runoff election in 2000 and served two terms, lost his second bid for reelection in 2008, and won a third non-consecutive term in 2020.
Perkins grew up in Selma, where his parents were an elementary school principal and a nurse, and graduated in 1971 in the first racially integrated class at Selma High School; he organized an unsuccessful effort to use the former black high school as the integrated school, rather than the former white school. He has a bachelor's degree in mathematics from Alabama A&M University and took business courses at Auburn University at Montgomery. He is a businessman and pastor and has also taught mathematics and computer science at Selma University. In December 2015 he was elected presiding pastor of Ebenezer Missionary Baptist Church in Selma, succeeding F. D. Reese.
After working as a computer consultant out of state, Perkins returned to Selma as manager of Reese's unsuccessful 1980 campaign against the long-term mayor of Selma, Joe Smitherman, a former segregationist. He returned again in 1991 and ran against Smitherman himself in 1992 and 1996 before succeeding in a run-off in September 2000 in defeating Smitherman's bid for his tenth consecutive term. He was Selma's first African American mayor. In 2008 he was elected president of the National Conference of Black Mayors.
Perkins served two terms in office; in 2008, George Evans, who was Selma's first African American City Council president, defeated his bid for reelection. He ran again in 2016 after Evans's second term but was defeated by State Representative Darrio Melton. Perkins was elected in a run-off over Miah Jackson to secure a third non-consecutive term in 2020.
# James Perkins

James Perkins may refer to:
* James Perkins (businessman), British rave promoter and property developer
* James Perkins Jr. (born 1952/53), current mayor of Selma, Alabama
* James Alfred Perkins (1911–1998), political scientist and president of Cornell University
* James Ashbrook Perkins, professor of literature at Westminster College, Pennsylvania
* James Breck Perkins (1847–1919), historian and US congressman
* James H. Perkins, chairman of Citigroup
* James Woodbury Perkins (1840–1892), American politician in Wisconsin
* James "Soup" Perkins (1879–1911), American jockey
* Jim Perkins, character in 1967 film It
* Jim Perkins (American football)
* Jim Perkins (racing driver)
* Jimmy Perkins, character
* Jim Perkins (rugby union coach)
# Crêt du Midi

The Crêt du Midi is a mountain of the Pennine Alps, overlooking Vercorin in the canton of Valais. The summit is accessible by cable car from Chalais or Vercorin (near Sierre).
# Crêta de Vella

The Crêta de Vella is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located south of Liddes in the canton of Valais. It lies at the northern end of the chain separating the Comba de l'A from the main valley of Entremont.
# Cryptonatica

Cryptonatica is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Naticidae, the moon snails.

## Species

Species within the genus Cryptonatica include:
* Cryptonatica adamsiana (Dunker, 1860)
* Cryptonatica affinis (Gmelin, 1791)
* Cryptonatica aleutica (Dall, 1919)
* Cryptonatica andoi (Nomura, 1935)
* Cryptonatica bathybii (Friele, 1879)
* Cryptonatica figurata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1914)
* Cryptonatica hirasei (Pilsbry, 1905)
* Cryptonatica huanghaiensis Zhang, 2008
* Cryptonatica janthostoma (Deshayes, 1839)
* Cryptonatica operculata (Jeffreys, 1885)
* Cryptonatica purpurfunda S.-P. Zhang & P. Wei, 2010
* Cryptonatica ranzii (Kuroda, 1961)
* Cryptonatica russa (Gould, 1859)
* Cryptonatica sphaera S.-P. Zhang & P. Wei, 2010
* Cryptonatica striatica S.-P. Zhang & P. Wei, 2010
* Cryptonatica wakkanaiensis Habe & Ito, 1976
* Cryptonatica zenryumaruae Habe & Ito, 1976

### Species brought into synonymy

* Cryptonatica bathybia Golikov & Sirenko, 1988: synonym of Cryptonatica bathybii (Friele, 1879)
* Cryptonatica clausa (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829): synonym of Cryptonatica affinis (Gmelin, 1791)
* Cryptonatica janthostomoides (Kuroda & Habe, 1949): synonym of Cryptonatica andoi (Nomura, 1935)
* Cryptonatica salimba Dall, 1919: synonym of Cryptonatica affinis (Gmelin, 1791)
* Cryptonatica septentrionalis Møller, 1842: synonym of Cryptonatica affinis (Gmelin, 1791)
# Gareth Davies (television producer)

Gareth Davies (fl. c. 2000) is a television producer.
His first Hollywood producing credit was the 1970 film The Juggler of Notre Dame. Since, he has produced for television, particularly series including 69 episodes of Remington Steele (two seasons each as producer and as co-executive producer) from 1982 to 1986, and 145 episodes of Buffy the Vampire Slayer from 1997 to 2003.
He should not be confused with the British television director and actor of the same name who was associated with the early work of television dramatist Dennis Potter.
# James William Bryan

James William Bryan (June 9, 1853 – 1903) was an American politician who served as the 24th Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky from 1887 to 1891.
He was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1853. In 1887, he ran for, and was elected Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky, serving a full four-year term under Governor Simon B. Buckner.

## Sources

* The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Bryan at politicalgraveyard.com
Political offices :
| Preceded byJames Robert Hindman | Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky 1883–1887 | Succeeded byMitchell Cary Alford |
* This article about a Kentucky politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Gaosha

Gaosha may refer to the following locations in China:
* Gaosha Road Station, Hangzhou Metro Line 1 (高沙路站)
* Gaosha, Fujian (高砂镇), town in Sha County
* Gaosha, Dongkou (高沙镇), town in Dongkou County
# Csaholc

Csaholc is a village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.

## Geography

It covers an area of 27.24 km$^2$ (11 sq mi) and has a population of 559 people (2015).
# Clock (American band)

Clock is a rock band featuring Def Leppard guitarist Vivian Campbell and former No Sweat member P.J. Smith, who sang backing vocals on Def Leppard's cover of the Sweet song "Action" on Def Leppard's Retro Active (1993) album.
Clock's album Through Time (1998) features the original version of "To Be Alive", which is featured on Def Leppard's Euphoria (1999) album.
Other members have included Mark Schulman, Mark Browne, and Manny Alvarez.