OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Camellia reticulata

Camellia reticulata (syn. C. heterophylla) is a species of flowering plant in the tea family Theaceae, native to southwestern China, in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces.
It is a loosely branched shrub or small tree, which can grow up to 10 to 15 meters (33 to 49 ft) in height. The leaves are elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 5–11 centimetres (2.0–4.3 in) long and 4–5.5 centimetres (1.6–2.2 in) wide. The flowers are 7–10 centimetres (2.8–3.9 in) in diameter, or larger in some cultivars, soft-pink to deep-pink and rarely almost white, with 5–7 petals or more in some cultivars, and are produced in sub-terminal or axillary positions on the branch. The fruit is a light brown, three-segmented capsule, about 5 centimetres (2.0 in) in diameter that ripens in the fall This Camellia is very susceptible to cold weather and has a late blooming season; August through October in the southern hemisphere and March through May in the northern hemisphere.

## Symbolism and uses

Camellia reticulata is the floral emblem of Yunnan. It has a long history of cultivation, both for tea oil and for its ornamental value.
In 1820, Captain Richard Rawes of the East Indiaman Warren Hastings imported the first reticulata to England, (named 'Captain Rawes'). It remained the only known reticulata cultivated in Europe for over a century.
# List of conflicts in Senegal
## Medieval Times
### Mali Empire

* 1,235 C.E. — 1,250 C.E. Early imperial expansion of the Mali Empire
** 1,235 C.E. — 1,255 C.E. Tiramakhan's western campaign
*** Tiramakhan, also known as Tiramaghan, of the Traore clan, was ordered by Sonjata to bring an army west after the king of Jolof had allowed horses to be stolen from Mandekalu merchants. The king of Jolof also sent a message to the young emperor referring to him as an upstart. By the time Tiramakhan's forces were done three kings were dead, and the Jolof ruler was reduced to a vassal. The new western portion of the empire settlement would become an outpost that encompassed not only northern Guinea-Bissau but the Gambia and the Casamance region of Senegal (named for the Mandinka province of Casa or Cassa ruled by the Casa-Mansa).

### Songhai Empire

* 1,440 C.E. — 1,490 C.E. The Mali Empire on the Defensive
** 1,444 C.E. The Portuguese arrived on the Senegambian coast in 1444, and they were not coming in peace. Using caravels to launch slave raids on coastal inhabitants,

## Modern Times
### Kingdom of Waalo

* 1,659 C.E. French conquest of Senegal

### French West Africa

* 1,754 C.E. — 1,763 C.E. Seven Years' War
** April 1,758 C.E. — May 1,758 C.E. Capture of Senegal
** December 1,758 C.E. Capture of Gorée
* September 1, 1,939 C.E. — September 2, 1,945 C.E. World War II
** September 23, 1,940 C.E. — September 25, 1,940 C.E. Battle of Dakar
# Cteniopus

Cteniopus is a genus of comb-clawed beetles belonging to the family Tenebrionidae subfamily Alleculinae.

## Species

* Cteniopus impressicollis Fairmaire, 1892
* Cteniopus intrusus Seidlitz, 1896
* Cteniopus neapolitanus Baudi, 1877
* Cteniopus punctatissimus Baudi, 1877
* Cteniopus sulphureus (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Cteniopus sulphuripes (Germar, 1824)
# Coupling loss

Coupling loss, also known as connection loss, is the loss that occurs when energy is transferred from one circuit, circuit element, or medium to another. Coupling loss is usually expressed in the same units—such as watts or decibels—as in the originating circuit element or medium.
Coupling loss in fiber optics refers to the power loss that occurs when coupling light from one optical device or medium to another. (See also Optical return loss.)
Coupling losses can result from a number of factors. In electronics, impedance mismatch between coupled components results in a reflection of a portion of the energy at the interface. Likewise, in optical systems, where there is a change in index of refraction (most commonly at a fiber/air interface), a portion of the energy is reflected back into the source component.
Another major source of optical coupling loss is geometrical. As an example, two fibers coupled end-to-end may not be precisely aligned, with the result that the two cores overlap somewhat. Light exiting the source fiber at a portion of its core that is not aligned with the core of the receiving fiber will not (in general) be coupled into the second fiber. While some such light will be coupled into the second fiber, it is not likely to be efficiently coupled, nor will it generally travel in an appropriate mode in the second fiber.
Similarly, even for two perfectly aligned cores, where there is a gap of any significant distance between the two fibers, there will be some geometric loss due to spread of the beam. Some percentage of the light rays exiting the source fiber face will not intersect the second fiber within its entrance cone.
# Court of Conscience (theology)

In 17th-century European theology, the Court of Conscience described the theory that, after death, one's conscience would testify for or against one's actions.
During life, the faculty of conscience was believed to be like, but not the same as, the voice of God. It was thought to draw on divine knowledge and precepts, and apply these laws in order to direct the individual toward right action and warn against wrong action.
Theologians speculated that, after death, the conscience functioned as a record, speaking to a divine tribunal which sat in judgement over each individual. Even a conscience which seemed inactive in life was supposed to awaken and provide a perfect account to the tribunal.
The court of conscience was believed to be governed by natural and divine law.
# Geneva Red Birds

The Geneva Red Birds were a Minor league baseball team based in Geneva, Alabama, that played in the Alabama State League from 1946 to 1950.
# David D. Keck

David Daniels Keck (October 24, 1903 – March 10, 1995) was an American botanist who was notable for his work on angiosperm taxonomy and genetics.
Keck was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He completed undergraduate studies at Pomona College in 1925 and was awarded a Ph.D. in botany from the University of California in 1930.
From 1925 to 1950 he was based at the Carnegie Institute of Washington, at Stanford University, where he worked on plant species concepts with Jens Clausen and William Hiesey. In 1949, the three of them were co-recipients of the Mary Soper Pope Memorial Award in botany.
In 1950 he was appointed head curator of the New York Botanical Garden and remained there until 1958.
In 1959, he co-published A California Flora with Philip A. Munz.
He was Program Director for Systematic Biology at the National Science Foundation until 1970, after which he moved to New Zealand. He returned to the United States in 1978 and lived in Medford, Oregon.
# Genglou Subdistrict

Genglou Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 更楼街道; traditional Chinese: 更樓街道; pinyin: Gēnglóu Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Jiande, Zhejiang, China. As of 2020, it administers the following three residential neighborhoods and 14 villages:
* Genglou Community
* Genghua Community (更化社区)
* Dengjia (邓家)
* Zhangjia Village (张家村)
* Luo Village (骆村)
* Houtang Village (后塘村)
* Hucenfan Village (湖岑畈村)
* Xinshi Village (新市村)
* Huang'ao Village (黄岙村)
* Ganxi Village (甘溪村)
* Yuhe Village (于合村)
* Yanyuan Village (岩源村)
* Hongzhai Village (洪宅村)
* Qiaoling Village (桥岭村)
* Dengjia Village (邓家村)
* Shiling Village (石岭村)
* Xule Village (许乐村)
# Camila Silva

Camila Silva may refer to:
* Camila Silva (singer) (born 1994), Chilean singer-songwriter
* Camila Silva (tennis) (born 1992), Chilean tennis player
# 2 (Saint Lu album)

2 is the second full-length album by the Austrian singer-songwriter Luise Gruber, better known as Saint Lu. The album is noteworthy for its music direction change, from the blues and rock of its predecessor toward a more soul-oriented aesthetic with elements of funk, jazz and baroque pop. The album was released on 15 February 2013 via Warner Music. The album was intended to accompany Saint Lu's representation of Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest in Malmö but the selection jury in Hannover selected Cascada instead.

## Track listing

An acoustic EP, named "2 (Acoustic EP)" was released shortly after the release of the album. It contains new, acoustic arrangements of six of the songs from the album

## Personnel

* Patrik Majer – producer, engineer, percussion
* Sven Teichmann – engineer
* Steve Price – engineer
* Saint Lu – co-producer, glockenspiel
* Ben Hamilton – acoustic guitar
* Alex Grube – bass
* Philipp Schwär – co-producer
* Jan Burkamp – drums
* James Bryan – electric guitar
* Jimmy Messer – electric guitar
* Lars Cölln – electric guitar
* Christian Löhr – keyboards
* Philipp Schwär – keyboards, programming
* Philipp Steinke – keyboards
* Tim Baxter – keyboards
* Sebastian Borowski – saxophone
* Steve Sidwell – strings
* Christoph Titz – trumpet

## Critical reception

Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, Austria, describes the album as "abounding with emotions and ideas. Soul Pop and Blues combine with the dark, versatile grater-like voice of the 30-year old into a fascinating fusion".
Tracks Magazin, Switzerland, writes: "2 keeps what the self-titled debut from 2009 brought into view. At that time, she sang confident pop rock. Now it is more confident and more rock pop with a lot of soul in it".
Steve Braun of Rock Times writes: "2 offers magical moments that reveal Luise Gruber's huge potential. 'Falling For Your Love' must be mentioned first".

## Charts

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Germany (German Albums Chart) | 42 |
| Austria (O3 Austria Top 40) | 27 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 36 |
# 2020 Robert Morris Colonials football team

The 2020 Robert Morris Colonials football team represented Robert Morris University during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by third-year head coach Bernard Clark and played their home games at Joe Walton Stadium.
On June 15, 2020, Robert Morris announced that it would be leaving the Northeast Conference for the Horizon League in all sports except football, with the move officially taking place on July 1, 2020. The football team originally planned to play as an FCS independent for the 2020 season before moving to the Big South Conference in 2021. Robert Morris's 2020 football schedule was initially unchanged, meaning that all NEC opponents would have lost a conference game.
These plans would be upended by COVID-19, which led most FCS conferences to cancel their originally scheduled fall 2020 seasons. Most of these leagues, among them the Big South and NEC, eventually moved football to spring 2021. Of the eight schools that had planned to field teams in the Big South's 2020 fall season, only Campbell and North Alabama played in the fall, and Hampton chose not to play football at all in the 2020–21 school year. The Big South ultimately chose to hold a spring 2021 season with the remaining four teams plus RMU, with the Colonials eligible for the conference title.

## Schedule

Robert Morris released their original football schedule on April 9, 2020. A game against Hawaii (scheduled for September 26) was added on July 14, to compensate for Hawaii having to cancel four non-conference games due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On July 15, Robert Morris's game against Bryant, scheduled for November 7, was canceled due to Robert Morris's reclassification as an independent. On July 27, Robert Morris's game against Dayton was canceled due to the Pioneer Football League's decision to play a conference-only schedule due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On November 9, 2020, the Big South announced a spring 2021 schedule, with RMU competing.
| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | TV | Result |
| February 27 | 12:00 p.m. | at No. 2 James Madison* | Bridgeforth StadiumHarrisonburg, VA | NBCSW/FloFootball | L 16–36 |
| April 3 | 1:00 p.m. | at No. 7 Kennesaw State | Fifth Third Bank StadiumKennesaw, GA | ESPN+ | L 0–35 |
| April 10 | 12:00 p.m. | at Charleston Southern | Buccaneer FieldNorth Charleston, SC | ESPN+ | L 14–27 |
| April 17 | | No. 12 Monmouth | Joe Walton StadiumMoon Township, PA | | Canceled |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from STATS Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Eastern time |||||||
# Cteniopus sulphureus

Cteniopus sulphureus is a species of comb-clawed beetles belonging to the family Tenebrionidae subfamily Alleculinae.
These beetles are mainly present in Denmark, Finland, Slovenia, Italy and Sweden.
The adults grow up to 7–8 millimetres (0.28–0.31 in) long. Elytra are pale yellow, while head and pronotum are orange-yellow. The shape of the head is extended forward. These thermophilic beetles can mainly be encountered in sunny places on inflorescences of Apiaceae and Asteraceae species, especially Achillea species.

## Subspecies

* Cteniopus sulphureus var. analis Seidlitz
* Cteniopus sulphureus var. murinus Herbst
* Cteniopus sulphureus var. palpalis Seidlitz
* Cteniopus sulphureus var. sulphuratus Gmelin
# Gesticulate (album)

Gesticulate is the debut studio album by Non-Aggression Pact, released in 1992 by GPC Productions.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
William I. Lengeman III of AllMusic notes the "hard-edged industrial-styled beats (b.p.m. included) from Jason Whitcomb and Jeff Hillard on a variety of electronics, percussion and vocals, with guest bass and piano from Dan Bates. Several of the 12 tracks feature vocals, and the rest are sample-heavy instrumentals."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Jeff Hillard and Jason Whitcomb, except "Boy" by Ted Ottaviano

## Personnel

Adapted from the Gesticulate liner notes.
Non-Aggression Pact
* Jeff Hillard – drums, keyboards, sampler, programming, remix (2, 12)
* Jason Whitcomb – lead vocals, keyboards, sampler, programming
Additional performers
* Dan Bates – bass guitar (3, 8), piano (8)
Production and design
* Shaun Egger – recording
* Paul Rowe – cover art, design

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United States | 1992 | GPC | CD, CS | GPCD01 |
| United States | 2009 | | DL | |
# Court of Conciliation and Arbitration

The Court of Conciliation and Arbitration (CCA) is an institution of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), which provides "mechanism for the peaceful settlement of disputes between States". The Court, originally established in 1992 under the Ministerial Council's decision on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes: "Convention on Conciliation and Arbitration within the CSCE" adopted in Stockholm, Sweden.

## Mandate

Based in Geneva, Switzerland, CCA has the mandate for facilitating disputes between the 57 participating States of the OSCE. An OSCE participating State – party to the Convention – has the mandate to initiate the mechanism independently and address a dispute with one or more other participating States. After the proceedings, a conciliation commission will deliver a report with suggestions and recommendations for the parties of dispute. This is followed by period of 30 days, within which parties involved in the dispute can determine their acceptance of the recommendations. In case the consensus is not reached within this timeframe, and if the parties have previously consented to arbitration, an ad hoc arbitral tribunal can be established, whose decision holds legal weight over the Parties. Additionally, arbitration proceedings can be commenced through mutual agreement among the concerned States parties.

## Presidents of the OSCE Court of Conciliation and Arbitration

Presidents of the OSCE Court of Conciliation and Arbitration :
| Name and Surname | OSCE participating State | Mandate |
| Robert Badinter | France | 1992–2013 |
| Christian Tomuschat | Germany | 2013–2019 |
| Emmanuel Decaux | France | 2019–(present) |
# Dalbir Singh Tong

Dalbir Singh Tong is the MLA from Baba Bakala Assembly constituency. He is a member of the Aam Aadmi Party.

## Member of Legislative Assembly

He represents the Baba Bakala Assembly constituency as MLA in Punjab Assembly. The Aam Aadmi Party gained a strong 79% majority in the sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly by winning 92 out of 117 seats in the 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election. MP Bhagwant Mann was sworn in as Chief Minister on 16 March 2022.

### Committee assignments of Punjab Legislative Assembly

* Member (2022–23) Committee on Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes
* Member (2022–23) Committee on Agriculture and its allied activities

## Electoral performance

Punjab Assembly election, 2022: Baba Bakala :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | AAP | Dalbir Singh Tong | 52,468 | 39.98 | 9.83 |
| | INC | Santokh Singh Bhalaipur | 32,916 | 25.08 | 10.11 |
| | SAD | Baljit Singh Jalal | 30,969 | 23.6 | 5.69 |
| | BJP | Manjeet Singh Manna Mianwind | 5,366 | 4.09 | New |
| | SAD(A) | Natha Singh | 4,310 | 3.28 | New |
| | Independent | Gurnam Kaur | 2,520 | 1.92 | New |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 931 | 0.71 | 0.04 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 19,552 | 14.9 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,31,237 | | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 1,99,929 | | |
| | AAP gain from INC | AAP gain from INC | Swing | | |
# Cohoes

Cohoes may refer to:
* Cohoes, New York, a city in Albany County, New York, United States
* Cohoes Fashions, an American clothing store
* USS Cohoes, a list of ships
# David Hill (Rangers footballer)

David Hill was a Scottish footballer who played as a winger.

## Career

Hill played club football for Rangers, and made three appearances for Scotland. He had been a founder member of Rangers.
# Lissotesta micra

Lissotesta micra, common name the tiny false top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, unassigned in the superfamily Seguenzioidea.

## Description

The shell grows to a height of 1.3 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Tasmania and off New South Wales, Australia.
# 3-phenylpropanoate dioxygenase

In enzymology, a 3-phenylpropanoate dioxygenase (EC 1.14.12.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    3-phenylpropanoate + NADH + H$^+$ + O$_2$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 3-(cis-5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)propanoate + NAD$^+$
The 4 substrates of this enzyme are 3-phenylpropanoate, NADH, H$^+$, and O$_2$, whereas its two products are 3-(cis-5,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)propanoate and NAD$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-phenylpropanoate,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (2,3-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include HcaA1A2CD, Hca dioxygenase, and 3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase.
# Clipping

Clipping may refer to:

## Words

* Clipping (morphology), the formation of a new word by shortening it, e.g. "ad" from "advertisement"
* Clipping (phonetics), shortening the articulation of a speech sound, usually a vowel
* Clipping (publications), the cutting-out of articles from a paper publication

## Science and technology

* Coin clipping, shaving off a small portion of precious metal for profit
* Clipping (computer graphics), only drawing things that will be visible to the viewer
* Noclip mode, or "Noclipping", when the player or another object in a video game unrealistically passes through another object
* Clipping (gardening), pruning, removing unwanted portions from a plant
** Clippings, the portions that are removed in this process
* Clipping (medicine), surgical treatment used to treat an aneurysm
* Clipping (signal processing), a form of distortion that limits a signal once it exceeds a threshold. Some forms include:
** Clipping (audio), the clipping of the top and bottom of a sound wave, referred to as "distortion" or "overdrive"
** Clipping (photography), the clipping of overexposed area by digital cameras and film
** Soft clipping

## Animals

* Horse clipping, trimming all or part of a horse's fur horse short
* Sheep shearing
* Wing clipping, trimming a bird's primary flight feathers to disable flight

## Sports

* Clipping (climbing), the process of protecting against a fall
* Clipping (gridiron football), a penalty in gridiron football
* Clipping (ice hockey), hitting an opposing player below the knees

## Other uses

* Clipping the church, an ancient custom
* Clipping (band), an experimental hip-hop group
** CLPPNG, their debut album
# A. asiaticus

A. asiaticus may refer to:
* Acartauchenius asiaticus, a money spider species in the genus Acartauchenius
* Aduncothrips asiaticus, a thrip species in the family Aeolothripidae
* Aesalus asiaticus, a beetle species in the genus Aesalus; see Taxonomy of Lucanidae § Subfamily Aesalinae
* Alastor asiaticus, a wasp species in the genus Alastor
* Araneus asiaticus, an orb-weaver spider species
* Archaeornithomimus asiaticus, a dinosaur species
* Asiabadus asiaticus, a ground spider species in the genus Asiabadus
# Ginella Massa

Ginella Massa (born January 29, 1987) is a Canadian television journalist. An Afro-Latina Muslim reporter and anchor, she became Canada's first hijab-wearing television reporter in 2015, and the first news anchor in hijab when she anchored the 11 p.m. newscast for CityNews on CITY-DT in Toronto, Ontario, on November 17, 2016.

## Life and career

An honors graduate of York University and Seneca College, she has worked both behind-the-scenes and on-air for local and national Canadian news outlets since 2010, including CTV News, CFRB and Rogers Television, and has been published in The Globe and Mail and the National Post.
In 2020, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation announced that Massa would join the network as host of a prime-time show on CBC News Network and a special correspondent for The National. Her show, Canada Tonight, premiered on January 11, 2021, on CBC News Network. In October 2022, Massa went on maternity leave to care for her newborn daughter, leading Dwight Drummond to become the temporary host of Canada Tonight for the next year.
In July 2023, Massa announced her departure from CBC News to accept a part-time teaching position with Toronto Metropolitan University. Travis Dhanraj succeeded Massa as the permanent host of Canada Tonight in January 2024.

## Personal life

Massa married her husband in 2018 in Toronto.
In 2019, she had a pancreaticoduodenectomy to remove a mass from her pancreas.
# Jawedan.com

Jawedan.com (Persian: جاودان، نوای آزادی) (Pashto: جاودان، آزادی غږ) is a web-based news, analysis and commentary outlet which covers politics and culture in Afghanistan. Jawedan aims mainly at promoting and defending democracy, the rule of law, respect for human rights and promotion of cultural and political pluralism in Afghanistan. Furthermore, the outlet provides alternative to conservative online papers by breaking taboos on publishing (non-editorial) op-eds and commentaries concerning ethnic issues and other social injustices. Jawedan is the Persian word for ‘immortal’.

## Content

Jawedan is updated daily with news and op-eds on current affairs in politics and culture. It also is active on social media, mainly by sharing interesting and discussable video footages from popular news channels like Tolonews and 1TV. During elections, Jawedan conducts online surveys and interviews with political figures in the country.
Jawedan claims to be an independent and impartial news and analysis outlet. However, some writers consider it as a Tajik centered online paper.

## History

The online paper was founded in 2007 in the Netherlands. It publishes news, analysis and commentary in Persian and Pashtu.
Jawedan was hacked in April 2011. In April 2012, Jawedan was reaching an average of 3.5 million hits per month.