OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prison of the Annamites

Prison of the Annamites (French: Bagne des Annamites or Camp Crique Anguille) is a former prison in the commune of Montsinéry-Tonnegrande in French Guiana. The prison was built for Annamite prisoners who had revolted against French rule. The purpose of the prison was to develop the Inini territory. The prison was in operation between 1931 and 1944.

## Background

On 10 February 1930, Annamite soldiers, in what is nowadays called Vietnam, revolted against French rule during the Yên Bái mutiny. 13 soldiers were guillotined, and the remainder were to be exiled. In February 1931, circa 100 political prisoners and circa 400 common law convicts, boarded the Martinière [fr] for French Guiana. The prisoners were first put in a prison in Cayenne, but revolted again.
On 6 June 1930, the territory of Inini had been established to develop the interior of French Guiana separately from the coastal area.

## Overview

In April 1931, it was decided to move the Annamites to three camps: a forest camp in Apatou, Petit Saut, and Camp Crique Anguille. Of the 535 prisoners, 395 were sent to Camp Crique Anguille. to serve as a labour force for the Inini territory. Senegalese Tirailleurs were brought in to guard and oversee the prisoners. When the prisoners arrived, there was nothing at the site, and they had to build the prison themselves. The camp measured 414 hectares (1,020 acres), and the main purpose was the construction of a railway line linking all three camps.
In 1937 the prisoners revolted. In 1940, the Senegalese troops were replaced by French Guianan soldiers. On 6 December 1944, the camp was closed, and the prisoners were moved to the normal prisons. The first group was released in July 1946, however some had to wait until August 1953.

## Current situation

In 2012, a 202 hectares area around the camp was designated as a protected area, because it is home to bactris nancibaensis, a rare palm, and the Amazonian royal flycatcher. The site has an IUCN category IV status, and is administered by Conservatoire du littoral.
The camp was difficult to access. In 2013, a trail was built linking the camp to the RD5 road. The camp has been opened for visitors.
# Prisad, Dobrich Province

Prisad is a village in General Toshevo Municipality, Dobrich Province, in northeastern Bulgaria.

## Honours

Prisad Island in Antarctica is named after the village.
# 453rd

453rd may refer to:
* 453d Electronic Warfare Squadron, United States Air Force unit
* 453d Operations Group, inactive United States Air Force unit
# Carey Joyce

Carey Patrick Joyce (1 August 1922 – 24 October 2010) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. A farmer and agricultural contractor from Fermoy, Joyce was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork East constituency at the 1981 general election. He lost his seat at the February 1982 general election. He was a member of Cork County Council for the Mallow area from 1974 to 1999.
# Carey Knyvett

Carey Frederick Knyvett (1885–1967) was the 2nd Bishop of Selby.
Knyvett was educated at Rugby and Trinity College, Oxford. He was ordained in 1912. His first post was as Curate at Petworth. Subsequently, he was Chaplain to the Bishop of Sheffield and married the Bishop's only daughter, Molly, in 1918. He was interviewed for a commission as a Temporary Chaplain to the Forces in May 1916. He served in a Casualty Clearing Station from June to September and then was attached to 48 Infantry Brigade during the Battle of the Somme. In 1918 he wrote an account of his experiences there, and kept a diary of his involvement in the British retreat of March–April 1918. These documents recount his feelings of being gassed, wounded and standing close to men killed by shellfire, and of praise for his preaching. Knyvett was twice mentioned in despatches, transferred to the RAF in May 1918, was awarded the OBE and was demobilised in 1919. He was appointed Vicar of Benwell and Archdeacon of Northampton and he ascended to the episcopate in 1941, a post he held until retirement 21 years later. He died in 1967, and the Archbishop of York wrote of him:
"His erect, almost soldierly, figure and his smiling face were for many years part of what went to the make-up of our life in York."
# 4th Mounted Rifles

The 4th Mounted Rifles were a light cavalry regiment of the Royal Prussian Army. The regiment was formed 1 October 1906 in Graudenz.
# Caenorycta acrostega

Caenorycta acrostega is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alexey Diakonoff in 1966. It is found on Sulawesi.
# Frostius pernambucensis

Frostius pernambucensis, or the Frost's toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the eastern Brazil where it is known from the Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, and eastern Bahia states.

## Description

Calling adult males from Santa Teresinha, Bahia had an average snout–vent length of 27.8 and 36.8 mm (1.09 and 1.45 in) in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The tympanum is small and vertically elliptical. The digits are long, laterally expanded, and have developed discs. Coloration of both dorsal and ventral surfaces is brown to light brown. The iris is yellow.
The male advertisement call is a long, pulsed call, lasting about eight seconds and having pulse rate of seven per second. The call is repeated about twice every minute.

## Habitat and conservation

Frostius pernambucensis occurs in primary and secondary forests at elevations up to 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level. It lives in terrestrial and arboreal bromeliads and in leaf-litter of the forest-floor. Reproduction requires bromeliads where the eggs are laid. Males call perched in vegetation some 0.2 and 2.5 m (7.9 in and 8 ft 2.4 in) above ground. Males may also engage in visual displays and male-male contests.
The species is threatened by habitat loss caused by agricultural expansion, livestock grazing, clear-cutting, wood plantations and human settlement, and by collection of bromeliads. It can be found in several protected areas.
# Reichsernährungsamt

The Kriegsernährungsamt (War Office of Food), which later became the Reichsernährungsamt (Reich Office of Food), was an entity of the government of the German Empire from 1916 to 1919.

## History

During the First World War, the German Bundesrat enacted wartime measures to ensure the food supply of the population. As a result, the Kriegsernährungsamt was created on 22 May 1916. The Kriegsernährungsamt, which was formed out of the Reichsamt des Innern (Reich Office of the Interior), was based in Berlin and was under the oversight of the Reich Chancellor. It was to deal with matters of food supply policy of the Reich. The management board of the Office consisted of 7 to 9 members, including the chairman, who was referred to as the Präsident des Kriegsernährungsamtes (President of the War Office of Food).
In 1917 the Kriegsernährungsamt received the status of a Reichsbehörde (Reich agency/authority) and was thereafter led by a secretary of state, who received instructions from the Reich Chancellor. On 19 November 1918 it was renamed the Reichsernährungsamt. Four days later, the Zentral-Einkaufsgesellschaft (central purchasing company) was transferred from the Reichswirtschaftsamt (Reich Office for Economics) to the authority of the Reichsernährungsamt. In March 1919, the functions of the Reichsernährungsamt were taken over by the Reich Ministry of Food and Agriculture.

## Secretaries of state

Presidents or secretaries of state of the Kriegsernährungsamt/Reichsernährungsamt :
| Name | Beginning of term | End of term |
| Adolf Tortilowicz von Batocki-Friebe | 22 May 1916 | 6 August 1917 |
| Wilhelm von Waldow | 6 August 1917 | 9 November 1918 |
| Emanuel Wurm (USPD) | 14 November 1918 | 13 February 1919 |
# Ramgurwadi

Ramgurwadi is a village in Belgaum district of Karnataka, India.
# A Taste of Yesterday's Wine

A Taste of Yesterday's Wine is a duet studio album by American country music artists George Jones and Merle Haggard, released in 1982. They are backed by Don Markham and Jimmy Belken of the Strangers. The album includes the song "Silver Eagle", written by Gary Church, also of the Strangers. This was their first album together; their next album together, Kickin' Out the Footlights...Again, did not come until 24 years later in 2006.

## Background

Jones and Haggard were largely influenced by the Hank Williams and Lefty Frizzell tradition. They had also made no secret of how much they admired each other's work. In a Rolling Stone tribute to Jones after his death in 2013, Haggard recalled their first meeting: "I met him at the Blackboard Café in Bakersfield, California, which was the place to go in '61. He was already famous for not showing up or showing up drunk, and he showed up drunk. I was onstage—I think I was singing Marty Robbins' "Devil Woman" —and he kicked the doors of the office open and said 'Who the fuck is that?'" Haggard added that Jones's voice was "like a Stradivarius violin: one of the greatest instruments ever made". Jones had said repeatedly over the years that, next to Hank Williams, Haggard was his favorite singer. A Taste of Yesterday's Wine includes tributes to both of them: "Silver Eagle", written by Freddy Powers and Gary Church about Haggard, and "No Show Jones", written by Jones and Glenn Martin about the wayward singer's notorious inability to arrive at concert dates. The album's first single was the Willie Nelson-penned title track, which became a number one hit. A second single, "C.C. Waterback", reached number 10. The LP was produced by Billy Sherrill and has backing vocals by Haggard's wife Leona Williams.
In the UK, Hallmark Records issued an LP with the same title, artwork and tracks, but with a different track order.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Thom Jurek of AllMusic praises the album, marveling that the pair's voices "blend seamlessly and compliment [sic] each other in almost symbiotic fashion... Billy Sherrill in the producer's chair was swinging for the radio fences, and he got close, but even he stayed the hell out of the way most of the time here and let the music take its course, and this pair just treated each other deferentially."

## Personnel

* Merle Haggard & George Jones – vocals
* Don Markham – trombone, trumpet
* Jimmy Belkin – fiddle
* Dave Kirby, Freddy Powers, Billy Sanford, Pete Bordonali, & Bobby Thompson – guitars
* Weldon Myrick – steel guitar
* Hargus "Pig" Robbins, Bobby Wood, & Bobby Emmons – keyboards
* Terry McMillan – harmonica
* Leona Williams, Karen Taylor, Lea Jane Berinati, Hershel Wilginton, & Dennis Wilson – backing vocals
# Charles A. Bessey

Charles A. Bessey (1848–1909) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in the Indian Wars of the western United States.

## Biography

Bessey was born in Reading, Massachusetts in 1848. By January 13, 1877, he was serving as a corporal in Company A of the 3rd Cavalry Regiment in the midst of the Great Sioux War of 1876-77.
On that day, Bessey and three privates were repairing a telegraph line between Forts Laramie and Fetterman in eastern Wyoming Territory when they learned that Native Americans had attacked three herders close by, near Elkhorn Creek. Bessey led his small group against the much larger Native American force and successfully rescued the herders, although he and two of his men were wounded in the process. For these actions, the four men were commended in general orders and, thirteen years later on May 15, 1890, Bessey was awarded the Medal of Honor.
Bessey was later promoted to sergeant and became Chief Musician of his regiment. He retired in 1899 and died ten years later of kidney failure, probably caused by the wound he received near Elkhorn Creek. Aged 60 or 61 at his death, he was buried in Biloxi City Cemetery, Biloxi, Mississippi.
After his death, his Medal of Honor was held by his daughter, who displayed it in her home. A hurricane destroyed the house and the medal was thought to be lost, but was eventually found in the wreckage. The family then donated the medal to the Third Cavalry Museum at Fort Hood, Texas.

## Medal of Honor citation

Bessey's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
   While scouting with 4 men and attacked in ambush by 14 hostile Indians, held his ground, 2 of his men being wounded, and kept up the fight until himself wounded in the side, and then went to the assistance of his wounded comrades.
# Carlo Durante

Carlo Durante (June 27, 1946 – May 24, 2020) was an Italian paralympic athlete, who mainly competed in category T11 marathon events.
Carlo ran in the marathon at the 1992 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal in the B1 event. He also participated in the 1996 Summer Paralympics and the 2000 Summer Paralympics, taking a silver medal in the T10 marathon in 1996 and winning the bronze medal in the T11 event in 2000. His final appearance was in the 2004 Summer Paralympics, though he did not medal.
# Cellobiohydrolase

Cellobiohydrolase may refer to:
* Cellulase, an enzyme
* Cellulose 1,4-beta-cellobiosidase, an enzyme
# Chak Sunda

Chak Sunda is a village in Harchandpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 1,223, in 204 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.
The 1961 census recorded Chak Sunda as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 594 people (306 male and 288 female), in 103 households and 103 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 279 acres.
The 1981 census recorded Chak Sunda as having a population of 838 people, in 123 households, and having an area of 105.63 hectares.
# Chak Suhele Wala

Chak Suhele Wala is a village in Punjab, India.
* This article about a location in the Indian state of Punjab is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Chaloner baronets

The Baronetcy of Chaloner of Guisborough was created in the Baronetage of England on 20 June 1620 for William Chaloner and was extinct on his death in Turkey in 1641. The Chaloners acquired their estate at Guisborough in 1558 following the dissolution of Gisborough Priory. Their seat was at Gisborough Hall.

## Chaloner of Guisborough (1620)

* Sir William Chaloner, 1st Baronet (1587–1641)
# Pål Stenmark

Pål Stenmark (born 14 April 1976) is a Swedish biochemist and structural biologist. He was appointed professor of Structural Biochemistry at Lund University in 2019 and was appointed professor in Neurochemistry at Stockholm University in 2021.
Stenmark's research focus on two different areas:
* The Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins.
* Enzymes in nucleotide metabolism and DNA repair.
Stenmark is among other things known for his discovery of several novel neurotoxins, including a neurotoxin that specifically kills Malaria mosquitos.

## Awards and honours

* The Lindbomska prize 2021 awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
* The Sven and Ebba-Christina Hagberg prize, 2017.
* Ingvar Carlsson Award from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, 2009.
* Selected for the Wenner-Gren Fellow program, 2007
# Qiandeng

Qiandeng (simplified Chinese: 千灯; traditional Chinese: 千燈; pinyin: Qiāndēng; lit. 'one thousand lamps') is a town in Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. As of 2018, it has 12 residential communities and 16 villages under its administration. It is located 15 kilometers south of Kunshan city and borders Qingpu District, Shanghai on its east side. Qiandeng has an area of 84km$^2$ and a population of about 130,000 people.
Qiandeng has a rich cultural heritage. It was the native place of Gu Jian, the founder of Kunqu. It was also the birthplace of the famous Ming dynasty writer Gu Yanwu. Qiandeng is now a national historical and cultural town in China, as well as a national 4A grade scenic destination.

## History

Qiandeng was called Qiandun (Chinese: 千墩; lit. 'one thousand pier') since the Ming dynasty. It was renamed Qiandun village in 1910, established as a township in 1950, and changed to its present name in 2003.
* 4A travel destination
* Ancient slabstone lane
* Peony pavilion

## Gu Jian Museum

Gu Jian Museum commemorates Gu Jian (顧堅, fl. 14th century?), the founder of Kunqu. It is located at the west bank of Qiandeng river.
* Gu Jian Museum
* Gu Jian, founder of Kunqu

## Former residence of Gu Yanwu

The former residence of Gu Yanwu was built by Gu Yanwu's grand father, it was destroyed by Japanese pirates, later rebuilt. It is a Ming Dynasty style building complex with formal sitting room, dining room, study and a garden. Gu Yanwu's grave is located at a quiet corner of the Gu Garden
* Former residence of Gu Yanwu
* Parlor Yi An Hall
* study
* Gu Garden
* Grave of Gu Yanwu

## Thousand Lamp Museum

A unique exhibition with the town's namesake is Qiandeng Guan(Thousand Lamp Museum), with more than one thousand lamps, dated as early as Neolithic Age to modern times, spanning more than five thousand years.
* Thousand Lamp Museum
* Qiandeng Museum Neolithic stone lamp
* Han Dynasty Pottery lamp feathering a mother holding several babies
* Tang Dynasty lamp from the Western Region
* Yuan Dynasty lamp
* Ming Dynasty bronze lamp
# Abbott Township, Pennsylvania

Abbott Township is a township in Potter County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 230 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 69.9 square miles (181 km$^2$), all land. It is bordered by Tioga County to the east, Stewardson Township to the south, Wharton Township to the west and West Branch Township to the north.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 226 people, 88 households, and 69 families residing in the township. The population density was 3.2 people per square mile (1.2/km$^2$). There were 457 housing units at an average density of 6.5/sq mi (2.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.12% White, and 0.88% from two or more races.
There were 88 households, out of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.6% were married couples living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.5% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 2.86.
In the township the population was spread out, with 22.6% under the age of 18, 3.1% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 33.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 119.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $25,250, and the median income for a family was $26,250. Males had a median income of $26,667 versus $15,625 for females. The per capita income for the township was $14,068. About 2.7% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.3% of those under the age of 18 and 8.9% of those 65 or over.
# Chadd

Chadd is a name. Notable people with the name include:
Surname:
* Billy Lee Chadd (born 1954), American serial killer
* Carl Chadd, British puppeteer
* John Chadd (born 1933), Australian cricketer
* Lance Chadd (aka Tjyllyungoo; born 1954), Noongar painter
* Richard Chadd (died 2021), British ecologist and biologist
Given name:
* Chadd Cassidy (born 1973), American ice hockey coach
* Chadd Collins (born 1995), Australian Muay Thai fighter and kickboxer
* Chadd Harbold, American filmmaker
* Chadd Ning (born 2006), Liswati swimmer * Chadd Sayers (born 1987), Australian cricketer
Organization:
# Chaetasteridae

Chaetasteridae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Valvatida.
Genera:
* Chaetaster Müller & Troschel, 1840
* Chaetasterina Hess, 1970
# Calyptra minuticornis

Calyptra minuticornis, the vampire moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It has been found in Indonesia, Java, India, Sri Lanka, and Australasia.

## Description

Its wingspan is about 50 mm. The antennae of the male are minutely ciliated. Forewings with rounded outer margin. Head and thorax pale reddish brown and thickly irrorated with grey. Abdomen pale fuscous. Forewings with pale red-brown with a silvery sheen and numerous fine pale striae. There are traces of sub-basal, antemedial, and medial oblique line present. A rufous line runs from apex to inner margin beyond middle. A series of submarginal specks present. Hindwings pale fuscous and cilia whitish. Larva olive-grey with a sub-dorsal series of black-bordered yellow spots. A sub-lateral series of specks enclosed from fourth somite by a pinkish bordered black line. Head ochreous, with paired lateral black spots. Legs pale pink.
The caterpillar feeds on Stephania japonica, Cissampelos, Cocculus and Cyclea species. It pupates in a cocoon between joined dead leaves in ground debris. The adult is a fruit piercer and also observed to pierce skins of buffalo, zebu, tapir and even humans in labs to suck blood.
# Callidus Guild

Callidus Guild is a firm based in Brooklyn, NY that manufactures hand-painted wallpaper and interior surfaces. Their name is derived from the Latin word Callidus, which means clever and dextrous. Callidus Guild is a “to-the-trade” manufacturer, and their work can be seen in Jean de Merry showrooms in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Dallas.

## History

Callidus Guild was founded in 1998 by owner and creative director, Yolande Milan Batteau, who got her start by designing wallpapers for Chanel. The firm has been operating out of Brooklyn since 2004. In 2004, Callidus Guild launched their first wallpaper collection, titled The Sinuous Collection, inspired by natural phenomena. The Sacred Geometries Collection was launched in 2012 and is inspired by natural symmetry and sacred geometry. Recent commissions include interiors for luxury retailers Tiffany & Co. and Louis Vuitton as well as One Hotel, The Aldyn, Aesa Jewelry and Kwiat Diamonds. Callidus Guild has additionally worked with Jean-Louis Denoit and Peter Marino, Axel Vervoordt, David Collins, Steven Gambrell, Robert A. M. Stern, Michael Smith, and John Saladino.

## Publications

* Elle Décor wrote that Callidus Guild created “some of the world’s most beautiful handmade wallpapers” and were “entrancing the world’s top designers.”
* Financial Times deemed their artisanal products “one-of-a-kind.”