OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adventa

Adventa Berhad (MYX: 7191) is a Malaysian holding company. It is headquartered in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, and is part of the Management of Companies and Enterprises Industry. It was founded in 2004. Adventa initially invested in the glove-making business. In 2012, the group divested the glove business to Aspion. The group then acquired Electron Beam and Lucenxia, which led them into the health care businesses. Their business also includes distribution and third-party logistics (3PL) for other health care companies.
In 2013, the group signed a partnership with Crawford Healthcare Limited, a United Kingdom healthcare company, to distribute the wound care products, Kerra™. The firm set up a new online portal, MyCare, selling healthcare and beauty products.
In 2014, the company will start its home renal dialysis service, which is known as the company's flagship business.
Adventa secured a 3-year contract with Parkway Malaysia, Singapore and Turkey. Contributions may be seen from Q2 year 2015 onwards.

## Subsidiaries

The group has multiple subsidiaries. Sun Healthcare Sdn. Bhd. delivers medical and healthcare supplies. Sun Healthcare Sdn. Bhd has been renamed as Advanta Healthcare Bhd since 1 January 2022. Electron Beam Sdn. Bhd. provides commercial and industrial sterilization of medical devices and other sterilizable products. Lucenxia (M) Sdn. Bhd. offers home renal dialysis services.
# Adventfjorden

Adventfjorden (Advent Bay) is a 7 km long and 4 km wide bay running south-eastwards from the southern side of Isfjorden, on the west coast of Spitsbergen in Svalbard. The name represents a corruption of Adventure Bay - probably named after the Hull-built whaleship Adventure, which operated in Isfjorden in 1656. The fjord was originally known as Klass Billen Bay. At the head of Adventfjorden is Adventdalen (Advent Valley).
The former mining-camp of Longyearbyen (now Svalbard's main town) lies on the fjord's southwestern shore, while another former mining-camp, Hiorthhamn, is located on its northeastern shore.
# Aechmea echinata

Aechmea echinata is a species of flowering plant in the genus Aechmea. This species is endemic to the State of Bahia in eastern Brazil.
The Latin specific epithet of echinata refers to hedgehog, from echinus.
# Aechmea disjuncta

Aechmea disjuncta is a species of flowering plant in the genus Aechmea. This species is endemic to the State of Bahia in eastern Brazil.
# Aegon GB Pro-Series Barnstaple

The Aegon GB Pro-Series Barnstaple was a tournament for professional female tennis players played on indoor hardcourts. The event was classified as a $25,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament. It was held in Barnstaple, England, from 2008 to 2015. In 2014 the event was downgraded from a $75K tournament to a $25K.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2015 | Kristýna Plíšková | Nina Zander | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2014 | Carina Witthöft | Viktorija Golubic | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2013 | Marta Sirotkina | Kristýna Plíšková | 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–3, 7–6$^{(8–6)}$ |
| 2012 | Annika Beck | Eleni Daniilidou | 6–7$^{(1–7)}$, 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2011 | Anne Keothavong | Marta Domachowska | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 2010 | Alison Riske | Johanna Larsson | 6–2, 6–0 |
| 2009 | Johanna Larsson | Pauline Parmentier | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2008 | Anne Keothavong | Alberta Brianti | 6–4, 6–2 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2015 | Stéphanie Foretz Ana Vrljić | Naomi Broady Ekaterina Bychkova | 6–2, 5–7, [10–7] |
| 2014 | Alizé Lim Carina Witthöft | Viktorija Golubic Diāna Marcinkēviča | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 2013 | Naomi Broady Kristýna Plíšková | Raluca Olaru Tamira Paszek | 6–3, 3–6, [10–5] |
| 2012 | Akgul Amanmuradova Vesna Dolonc | Diāna Marcinkēviča Aliaksandra Sasnovich | 6–3, 6–1 |
| 2011 | Eva Birnerová Anne Keothavong | Sandra Klemenschits Tatjana Malek | 7–5, 6–1 |
| 2010 | Andrea Hlaváčková Michaëlla Krajicek | Sandra Klemenschits Tatjana Malek | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–2 |
| 2009 | Johanna Larsson Anna Smith | Kelly Anderson Emma Laine | 6–4, 7–5 |
| 2008 | Kelly Anderson Emma Laine | Erica Krauth Hanna Nooni | 6–2, 6–3 |
# Aegophagamyia

Aegophagamyia is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae.

## Species

* Aegophagamyia flava (Surcouf, 1909)
* Aegophagamyia alluaudi (Giglio-Tos, 1895)
* Aegophagamyia bekilyana (Séguy, 1938)
* Aegophagamyia bengalia (Séguy, 1938)
* Aegophagamyia bivittata (Enderlein, 1925)
* Aegophagamyia brunnea (Surcouf, 1909)
* Aegophagamyia chopardi (Surcouf, 1913)
* Aegophagamyia cincta (Surcouf, 1909)
* Aegophagamyia comorensis (Enderlein, 1925)
* Aegophagamyia confusa (Surcouf, 1913)
* Aegophagamyia hildebrandti (Enderlein, 1923)
* Aegophagamyia inornata (Austen, 1920)
* Aegophagamyia longirostris (Séguy, 1950)
* Aegophagamyia lurida (Enderlein, 1923)
* Aegophagamyia macrops (Séguy, 1950)
* Aegophagamyia nebulosa (Séguy, 1950)
* Aegophagamyia notata (Surcouf, 1909)
* Aegophagamyia proxima (Surcouf, 1909)
* Aegophagamyia pulchella (Austen, 1912)
* Aegophagamyia seyrigi (Séguy, 1938)
* Aegophagamyia syrphoides (Enderlein, 1934)
* Aegophagamyia variegata (Surcouf, 1909)
* Aegophagamyia aurea Oldroyd, 1957
* Aegophagamyia austeni Oldroyd, 1957
* Aegophagamyia basalis Oldroyd, 1960
* Aegophagamyia brunnipes Burger, 1992
* Aegophagamyia chaineyi Burger, 1992
* Aegophagamyia completa Oldroyd, 1957
* Aegophagamyia grisea Oldroyd, 1960
* Aegophagamyia keiseri Oldroyd, 1960
* Aegophagamyia lata Oldroyd, 1963
* Aegophagamyia pungens Austen, 1912
* Aegophagamyia remota Austen, 1912
* Aegophagamyia vadoni Oldroyd, 1957
* Aegophagamyia xanthomera Oldroyd, 1957
* Aegophagamyia zeus Oldroyd, 1957
# Aegopinella

Aegopinella is a genus of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.

## Species

Species in the genus Aegopinella include:
* † Aegopinella bourdieri Rousseau & Puisségur, 1989
* Aegopinella cisalpina A. Riedel, 1983
* † Aegopinella denudata (Reuss in Reuss & Meyer, 1849) (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym, junior homonym of Helix denudata Rossmässler, 1836)
* † Aegopinella depressula Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2018
* Aegopinella epipedostoma (Fagot, 1879)
* † Aegopinella erecta (Gottschick, 1920)
* Aegopinella forcarti A. Riedel, 1983
* Aegopinella graziadei (Boeckel, 1940)
* † Aegopinella lozeki Schlickum, 1975
* † Aegopinella lozekiana Stworzewicz, 1976
* Aegopinella minor (Stabile, 1864)
* Aegopinella nitens (Michaud, 1831)
* Aegopinella nitidula (Draparnaud, 1805)
* † Aegopinella procellaria (Jooss, 1918)
* Aegopinella pura (Alder, 1830)
* Aegopinella ressmanni (Westerlund, 1883)
* † Aegopinella reussi (M. Hörnes, 1856)
* † Aegopinella reyi Schlickum, 1975
* † Aegopinella subnitens (Klein, 1853)
* † Aegopinella vetusta (Klika, 1891)

### Synonyms

* Aegopinella inermis A. J. Wagner, 1907: synonym of Aegopinella minor (Stabile, 1864) (junior synonym)
* † Aegopinella lozeki Stworzewicz, 1975 : synonym of † Aegopinella lozekiana Stworzewicz, 1976 (junior homonym of Aegopinella lozeki Schlickum, 1975; Aegopinella lozekiana is a replacement name)
# Aedh mac Tairdelbach Ó Conchobair

Aedh mac Tairdelbach Ua Conchobair was King of Connacht briefly in 1342, and died in 1345.
# Aeterni Patris (disambiguation)

Aeterni Patris may refer to:
* Aeterni Patris Filius, a 1621 papal bull regulating papal conclaves
* Aeterni Patris, an 1868 papal bull summoning the First Vatican Council
* Aeterni Patris, an 1879 encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIII
# Azhar Lodhi

Azhar Lodhi is a Pakistani former newscaster and commentator who worked at the Pakistan Television primarily during 1966–1988.

## Life and career

Lodhi was born in Jalandhar, British India. Later his family migrated to Pakistan and settled in Rawalpindi. He joined PTV as a newscaster in 1966. A Gallup survey held in 1986 stated that he was the 2nd most famous news caster on PTV.
He was removed from PTV after he covered funeral procession of the late president General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq.

## Awards and recognition

| Year | Award | Category | Result | Ref. |
| 1986 | Pride of Performance | Arts | Won | |
| 1989 | Nigar Award | Best newscaster | Won | |
# Bernard Amtmann

Bernard Amtmann (1907–1979), antiquarian bookseller, bibliographer, publisher and founder of Montreal Book Auctions in 1967 and the Antiquarian Booksellers Association of Canada in 1966, was born in Vienna, Austria in 1907.
Amtmann immigrated to Canada in 1947 to join his brother William Amtmann in Ottawa where he started a small antiquarian bookselling business, issuing his first catalogue by 1948. He transferred his business to Montreal in 1950 and began to specialize in Canadiana. In 1967 Amtmann founded Montreal Book Auctions Ltd. to further promote Canadiana. Following Amtmann's death in January 1979, Montreal Book Auctions was sold to Canada Book Auctions Ltd. and relocated to Toronto.
Bernard Amtmann was the moving force behind the foundation of the Antiquarian Booksellers' Association of Canada in 1966 and served as its first president. He made a significant contribution to the field of Canadian bibliography, publishing a number of bibliographies and bibliographic tools, most notably his four-volume Contributions to a Short-Title Catalogue of Canadiana (1971–1973), The Arctic Bibliography, and Contributions to a Dictionary of Canadian Pseudonyms (1973).

## Honorary Degree

Amtmann received an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from the University of Saskatchewan Regina Campus.

## Bernard Amtmann Fellowship Award

First awarded in 1992, and offered in his memory through the Bibliographic Society of Canada, the Bernard Amtmann Fellowship award is handed out every three years to a scholar in one of four areas of interest: Candiana, book collecting, bookselling, and bibliography.
# Arthur Woolf

Arthur Woolf (1766, Camborne, Cornwall – 16 October 1837, Guernsey) was a Cornish engineer, most famous for inventing a high-pressure compound steam engine. In this way he made an outstanding contribution to the development and perfection of the Cornish engine.
Woolf left Cornwall in 1785 to work for Joseph Bramah's engineering works in London. He worked there and at other firms as an engineer and engine builder until 1811 experimenting with high pressure steam and a much improved boiler. He then returned to Cornwall. Michael Loam, who introduced the man engine to the UK, was trained by him.
When he returned to Cornwall, beam engine designs were crude, shackled by outdated Watt patents and poor engineering, struggling to compete with large water wheels, even used underground. He learned from Bramah that to move forward meant adopting much improved engineering techniques, for it was Bramah who invented quality control. Woolf was chief engineer to Harvey & Co of Hayle, the leading engineering and foundry works, at this time the largest in the world. They eventually swallowed up the rival Copperhouse Foundry run by Sandys, Carne and Vivian. For very many years they were the leading firm worldwide for drainage engines, even supplying three eight-beamed pumping engines to the Dutch government to drain the Haarlemmermeer (see Museum De Cruquius). By the time Woolf retired in 1836 the Cornish engine, owing largely to his efforts, was a thing of magnificent beauty and efficiency.
In 1803, Woolf obtained a patent on an improved boiler for producing high pressure steam. In 1804, he patented his best-known invention, a compound steam engine.

## Woolf's compound engine

Woolf's engine was a parallel compound engine with two cylinders in which the steam worked in succession. These were both coupled to the same end of the beam of the engine. The operation of the engine can be described as being a high-pressure cylinder of Trevithick's high-pressure simple expansion engine, followed by a condensing cylinder of Watt's design. Woolf had worked as an engine erector for Hornblower and was familiar with his earlier work on compound engines. As a Cornishman, he was also familiar with Trevithick and his newly developed high-pressure 'puffer' engines that were then entering service. He recognised that, even with the new principle of expansion, the exhaust from a Trevithick engine was still of a pressure comparable to the inlet pressure of a Watt engine. From this step, it was a relatively simple matter to couple the two.
For most uses, the cylinders of the engine were double-acting. Opposing sides of the high- and low-pressure cylinders were cross-connected to each other. Where engines were used for pumping, Woolf engines were also built with paired single-acting cylinders.
Examples of Woolf compound rotative beam engines may be seen at Abbey Pumping Station, Blagdon Lake, Claymills Pumping Station, The Hamilton Museum of Steam & Technology, and the Western Springs Pumphouse, now part of the Museum of Transport and Technology Auckland, New Zealand.
# Bab-i-Pakistan

Bab-i-Pakistan is Pakistan's busiest border gate and crossing terminal with Afghanistan. Pakistan has completed the construction of the border gate, crossing terminal and other associated infrastructure on its side of Torkham border by July 2016. The border gate has been named as Bab-i-Pakistan and the crossing terminal has been named "Shaheed Major Ali Jawad Changezi terminal" after the officer lost his life in skirmishes against the Afghan security forces at the same border and in the clashes that resulted from the construction of this very gate. The flag hosting ceremony has also started just like the one at Wagah border crossing with India. Now no one will be allowed to cross border without proper documentations to check the infiltration of terrorists from Afghanistan into Pakistan. Work on the construction of the gate and associated facilities began in 2014 but kept getting delayed because of Afghan reservations and abrupt clashes. Pakistan plans to have similar border control measures at all six major crossing points between the two countries on the 2,600 km-long porous border.
# Anoulack Chanthivong

Anoulack Chanthivong (born 20 July 1977) is an Australian politician who was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Macquarie Fields for the Labor Party at the 2015 New South Wales state election.
Chanthivong was born in Laos and grew up in the Sydney suburb of Raby. He was a Campbelltown City Councillor and was mayor from 2011 to 2012. On 11 June 2021, Chanthivong was appointed to the Minns Shadow Ministry, under the portfolios of Finance, Industry & Trade.
After the 2023 New South Wales state election, Chanthivong was sworn into the Minns ministry as Minister for Building, Corrections, Innovation, Science, Technology, Better Regulation, Fair Trading, Industry and Trade.
# Adesmus

Adesmus is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
* Adesmus acanga Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus acangauna Martins & Galileo, 2004
* Adesmus albiventris (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus basalis Fuchs, 1970
* Adesmus bicolor (Gahan, 1889)
* Adesmus bisellatus (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus borgmeieri (Lane, 1976)
* Adesmus brunneiceps (Aurivillius, 1920)
* Adesmus calca Galileo & Martins, 2005
* Adesmus chalumeaui Touroult, 2004
* Adesmus charis (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus clathratus (Gistel, 1848)
* Adesmus collaris Melzer, 1931
* Adesmus colligatus (Redtenbacher, 1867)
* Adesmus diana (Thomson, 1860)
* Adesmus dignus Melzer, 1931
* Adesmus divus (Chabrillac, 1857)
* Adesmus facetus Martins & Galileo, 2008
* Adesmus fortunei Lingafelter, 2013
* Adesmus fulvicornis (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus griseus (Aurivillius, 1900)
* Adesmus guttatus Galileo & Martins, 2005
* Adesmus hemispilus (Germar, 1821)
* Adesmus hipposiderus Galileo & Martins, 2005
* Adesmus hovorei Martins & Galileo, 2004
* Adesmus icambi Martins & Galileo, 2009
* Adesmus juninensis Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus laetus (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus leucodryas (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus meinerti (Aurivillius, 1900)
* Adesmus monnei Galileo & Martins, 2009
* Adesmus moruna Martins & Galileo, 2008
* Adesmus mosapyra Galileo & Martins, 2006
* Adesmus murutinga Martins & Galileo, 2004
* Adesmus nevisi (Gounelle, 1909)
* Adesmus nigriventris (Fleutiaux & Sallé, 1889)
* Adesmus nigrocinctus (Gahan, 1889)
* Adesmus nigrolineatus Martins & Galileo, 2008
* Adesmus niveiceps (Aurivillius, 1900)
* Adesmus ocellatus Galileo & Martins, 2005
* Adesmus paradiana Galileo & Martins, 2004
* Adesmus phoebinus (Aurivillius, 1900)
* Adesmus pilatus Galileo & Martins, 2005
* Adesmus pirauna Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus pluricostatus (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus postilenatus (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus pulchellus Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus pysasu Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus quadricinctus Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus sannio Melzer, 1931
* Adesmus seabrai Lane, 1959
* Adesmus sexguttatus (Lucas, 1857)
* Adesmus sexlineatus (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus stellatus Galileo & Martins, 2005
* Adesmus stephanus (Aurivillius, 1900)
* Adesmus temporalis (Aurivillius, 1908)
* Adesmus tribalteatus (Bates, 1881)
* Adesmus turrialba Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus urubu Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus ventralis (Gahan, 1894)
* Adesmus verticalis (Germar, 1824)
* Adesmus vilhena Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus vulcanicus Galileo & Martins, 1999
* Adesmus windsori Martins & Galileo, 2004
# 2010 Dunlop World Challenge – Women's doubles

Marina Erakovic and Tamarine Tanasugarn were the defending champions; however, they chose not to compete this year. Shuko Aoyama and Rika Fujiwara won in the final 1–6, 6–3, [11–9], against Irina-Camelia Begu and Mădălina Gojnea.

## Seeds

* Sania Mirza / Ayumi Morita (withdrew due to Mirza's injury)
* Marie-Ève Pelletier / Kathrin Wörle (semifinals)
* Megan Moulton-Levy / Courtney Nagle (first round)
* Çağla Büyükakçay / Ksenia Lykina (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| | E Bogdan N Lertcheewakarn | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | K Iijima R Tezuka | 3 | 6$^4$ | | | E Bogdan N Lertcheewakarn | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| ALT | M Kawatoko M Miyamura | 3 | 7 | [10] | ALT | M Kawatoko M Miyamura | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | K Hisami Ma Inoue | 6 | 6$^5$ | [7] | | | | | | | E Bogdan N Lertcheewakarn | 1 | 5 | | | | |
| 3 | M Moulton-Levy C Nagle | 4 | 6 | [9] | | | | | | | S Aoyama R Fujiwara | 6 | 7 | | | | |
| | S Aoyama R Fujiwara | 6 | 0 | [11] | | S Aoyama R Fujiwara | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Hamamura S-y Kao | 7 | 7 | | | N Hamamura S-y Kao | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Y Nakano K Onishi | 6$^5$ | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | S Aoyama R Fujiwara | 1 | 6 | [11] |
| | Y Sema E Takao | 2 | 6$^3$ | | | | | | | | | | | I-C Begu M Gojnea | 6 | 3 | [9] |
| | C-w Chan Y Chen | 6 | 7 | | | C-w Chan Y Chen | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| | I-C Begu M Gojnea | 6 | 6 | | | I-C Begu M Gojnea | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Ç Büyükakçay K Lykina | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | I-C Begu M Gojnea | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| WC | M Doi A Nakamura | 3 | 5 | | | | | | | 2 | M-È Pelletier K Wörle | 4 | 4 | | | | |
| | A Yonemura T Yonemura | 6 | 7 | | | A Yonemura T Yonemura | 6 | 0 | r | | | | | | | | |
| | Ak Inoue K Takahata | 4 | 6 | [7] | 2 | M-È Pelletier K Wörle | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | M-È Pelletier K Wörle | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Arthur Woody

Arthur Woody (April 1, 1884 – June 10, 1946) was an American conservationist and humanitarian. He was born in Suches, Georgia. He saw his father kill the last deer in the North Georgia mountains in 1895. As a forest ranger for the United States Forest Service, he served in Georgia from 1912 to 1945 and was involved in the acquisition of land in what became the Chattahoochee National Forest. He is credited with bringing deer back to the North Georgia mountains. He also is known for putting rainbow and brown trout in streams, restoring native brook trout, and restoring turkey and black bear populations and was the driving force behind Blue Ridge Wildlife Management Area (established 1936), the first of its kind in Georgia and the nation. He built lakes, fire towers, brought roads to the area, built Woody Gap School in Suches, Georgia (1940), was instrumental in building the Appalachian Trail through Georgia, and did much to help his mountain people during the Great Depression.
Woody was known as the "Barefoot Ranger", "Kingfish", or simply "Ranger". He, along with "Ranger Nick" Nicholson of Clayton, Georgia, are considered to be the two most important early figures in the history of the Chattahoochee National Forest.
Among the landmarks in the Chattahoochee National Forest honoring Woody is a trail through the Sosebee Cove, a 175-acre (0.71 km$^2$) tract of prize hardwood that Woody purchased for the Forest Service that is now part of the Blue Ridge Ranger District.

## Sources

* History of the Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forests
* Arthur Woody, a North Georgia notable
* Ranger Woody
* Arthur Woody and the Legend of the Barefoot Ranger, by Duncan Dobie, Bucksnort Publishing, Ltd., Marietta, Georgia, 2016.
* This article about an environmental activist or conservationist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Arthur Young (footballer)

Arthur Young (fl. 1906) was a Scottish footballer. His regular position was as an outside right. He played for Hurlford Thistle and Manchester United. He made his Football League debut on 27 October 1906, when he played in a 2–1 home win Birmingham.
# Artur Pappenheim

Artur Pappenheim (13 December 1870 in Berlin – 31 December 1916) was a German physician and hematologist, remembered for his pioneer efforts in stem cell research.

## Biography

Of Jewish origins, initially he studied mathematics and philosophy, but his focus later turned to medicine, and in 1895 received his medical degree from the University of Berlin. Subsequently, he became an assistant to Joseph von Mering at the University of Halle, and afterwards worked under neurologist Ludwig Lichtheim in Königsberg. Later he was an assistant to dermatologist Paul Gerson Unna in Hamburg and to internist Ernst Viktor von Leyden in Berlin. In 1912 he obtained the title of professor. He died on December 31, 1916, of spotted typhus.
Pappenheim was a prolific writer, being the author of several books and numerous scientific papers. He was the founder of Folia haematologica, a journal dedicated to hematology. With Hans Hirschfeld, he was a catalyst towards the founding of the Berliner Hämatologischen Gesellschaft (1908).
Today, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Hämatologie und Onkologie (German Society of Hematology and Oncology) issues an annual "Artur-Pappenheim-Preis" for the best work in the fields of hematology or haematological oncology.

## Associated eponyms

* "Pappenheim's stain I": A staining method used for differentiating tubercle and smegma bacilli.
* "Pappenheim's stain II" (Unna-Pappenheim stain): A methylene green–pyronin staining method commonly used for blood smears.

## Selected writings

* Die Bildung der roten Blutscheiben, 1895
* Grundriss der Farbchemie zum Gebrauch bei mikroskopischen Arbeiten, 1901
* Atlas der menschlichen Blutzellen, 1905-1912
* Grundriss der haematologischen Diagnostik und praktischen Blutuntersuchung, VIII + 264 pages, 1911
* Technik der klinischen Blutuntersuchung, 1911; later translated into English and published as "Clinical Examination Of The Blood And Its Technique: A Manual For Students And Practitioners" (1914).
* Über die verschiedenen lymphoiden Zellformen des normalen und pathologischen Blutes, 1911 (with Adolfo Ferrata 1880-1946).
* Morphologische Hämatologie. Volume 1 published by Hans Hirschfeld (1873-1944). Leipzig, W. Klinkhardt, 1919.