OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ayori Selassie

Ayori Selassie is an American software engineer who worked at Salesforce and founded Selfpreneur, a personal development company focusing on the "Life Model Canvas". She also worked with the U.S. State Department on the TechWomen initiative.

## Biography

Ayori Selassie was born and raised in Oakland, CA. Her mother was born in Charleston, MS and her father was born in Los Angeles. She was the seventh of eight children, raised by a single mother. Ayori Selassie got into technology because her mother gave her a computer programming book and made her read it. She went to a community college named Laney College and transferred to San Francisco State University, where she held a full-time job to support her family while she was learning software engineering. Selassie now works as a Platform Specialist at Salesforce, and founded her own company, Selfpreneur, for which she invented a personal development framework, the Life Model Canvas.

## Initiatives
### Black Women in Computing

Selassie is one of the five co-founders of Black Women in Computing (BWiC), part of the Anita Borg Institute's community groups for women in technology and an "online community created to provide online support, resources" for black women working in tech". They created this initiative to encourage women of color to pursue careers in technology and study in STEM fields.

### TechWomen

She has also worked as part of the TechWomen U.S. Department of State initiative to support emerging leaders in the Middle East and Africa by pairing them with a Silicon Valley mentor.

## Awards

* Honored with GHC Women in Computing Award by the Anita Borg Institute of Women in Technology for her contributions to Underrepresented Groups
* Honored as Woman of the Month across the Salesforce organization (nominated by peers & leaders)
* Part of the "40 under 40: Tech Diversity" Silicon Valley awards
# 1994 NCAA Skiing Championships

The 1994 NCAA Skiing Championships were contested at Sugarloaf ski resort in Carrabassett Valley, Maine as the 40th annual NCAA-sanctioned ski tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's and women's collegiate slalom and cross-country skiing in the United States.
Vermont, coached by Chip LaCasse, won the team championship, the Catamounts' fifth title overall and fourth as a co-ed team.

## Venue

This year's championships were contested at the Sugarloaf Resort in Carrabassett Valley, Maine
These were the second championships held at Sugarloaf (previously 1967) and third in the state of Maine (1967 and 1976).

## Team scoring

| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Vermont | 688 |
| | Utah (DC) | 667 |
| | New Mexico | 659 |
| 4 | Colorado | 622 |
| 5 | Middlebury | 449 |
| 6 | Alaska Anchorage | 443 |
| 7 | Denver | 438 |
| 8 | New Hampshire | 381 |
| 9 | Northern Michigan | 357 |
| 10 | Dartmouth | 350 |
| 11 | Western State (CO) | 339 |
| 12 | Williams | 204 |
| 13 | Bates | 185 |
| 14 | St. Lawrence | 97 |
| 15 | Alaska Fairbanks | 73 |
| 16 | Wisconsin | 46 |
| 17 | Montana State | 32 |
| 18 | Massachusetts | 11 |
* DC – Defending champions
# 2018 Sparkassen Open – Doubles

Julian Knowle and Igor Zelenay were the defending champions but only Zelenay chose to defend his title, partnering Denys Molchanov. Zelenay lost in the quarterfinals to Andre Begemann and Dustin Brown.
Santiago González and Wesley Koolhof won the title after defeating Sriram Balaji and Vishnu Vardhan 6–3, 6–3 in the final.

## Seeds

* Santiago González / Wesley Koolhof (champions)
* Roman Jebavý / Andrés Molteni (quarterfinals)
* Denys Molchanov / Igor Zelenay (quarterfinals)
* Sander Gillé / Joran Vliegen (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | S González W Koolhof | 7$^9$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Niklas Guttau George von Massow | 6$^7$ | 1 | | 1 | S González W Koolhof | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | M Cuevas P Cuevas | 6 | 7 | | | M Cuevas P Cuevas | 6$^4$ | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | M Möller R Molleker | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | 1 | S González W Koolhof | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| 3 | D Molchanov I Zelenay | 6 | 6$^1$ | [10] | | | | | | | A Begemann D Brown | 0 | 3 | | | | | |
| | S Ofner S Travaglia | 2 | 7$^7$ | [3] | 3 | D Molchanov I Zelenay | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Begemann D Brown | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | A Begemann D Brown | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | T Bednarek R Junaid | 6$^2$ | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | S González W Koolhof | 6 | 6 |
| | H-y Peng T-S Weissborn | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | S Balaji V Vardhan | 3 | 3 |
| | F Agamenone H Dellien | 5 | 2 | | | H-y Peng T-S Weissborn | 6 | 4 | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | N Kuhn C Ruud | 6 | 6$^4$ | [10] | WC | N Kuhn C Ruud | 2 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | S Gillé J Vliegen | 4 | 7$^7$ | [6] | | | | | | WC | N Kuhn C Ruud | 6 | 6$^5$ | [10] | | | | |
| | S Balaji V Vardhan | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | S Balaji V Vardhan | 4 | 7$^7$ | [12] | | | | |
| | F Neis R Roelofse | 4 | 3 | | | S Balaji V Vardhan | 6$^7$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| | R Arneodo A Vavassori | 3 | 3 | | 2 | R Jebavý A Molteni | 7$^9$ | 4 | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | R Jebavý A Molteni | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Atomic and molecular astrophysics

Atomic astrophysics is concerned with performing atomic physics calculations that will be useful to astronomers and using atomic data to interpret astronomical observations. Atomic physics plays a key role in astrophysics as astronomers' only information about a particular object comes through the light that it emits, and this light arises through atomic transitions.
Molecular astrophysics, developed into a rigorous field of investigation by theoretical astrochemist Alexander Dalgarno beginning in 1967, concerns the study of emission from molecules in space. There are 110 currently known interstellar molecules. These molecules have large numbers of observable transitions. Lines may also be observed in absorption—for example the highly redshifted lines seen against the gravitationally lensed quasar PKS1830-211. High energy radiation, such as ultraviolet light, can break the molecular bonds which hold atoms in molecules. In general then, molecules are found in cool astrophysical environments. The most massive objects in our galaxy are giant clouds of molecules and dust known as giant molecular clouds. In these clouds, and smaller versions of them, stars and planets are formed. One of the primary fields of study of molecular astrophysics is star and planet formation. Molecules may be found in many environments, however, from stellar atmospheres to those of planetary satellites. Most of these locations are relatively cool, and molecular emission is most easily studied via photons emitted when the molecules make transitions between low rotational energy states. One molecule, composed of the abundant carbon and oxygen atoms, and very stable against dissociation into atoms, is carbon monoxide (CO). The wavelength of the photon emitted when the CO molecule falls from its lowest excited state to its zero energy, or ground, state is 2.6mm, or 115 gigahertz. This frequency is a thousand times higher than typical FM radio frequencies. At these high frequencies, molecules in the Earth's atmosphere can block transmissions from space, and telescopes must be located in dry (water is an important atmospheric blocker), high sites. Radio telescopes must have very accurate surfaces to produce high fidelity images.
On February 21, 2014, NASA announced a greatly upgraded database for tracking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the universe. According to scientists, more than 20% of the carbon in the universe may be associated with PAHs, possible starting materials for the formation of life. PAHs seem to have been formed shortly after the Big Bang, are widespread throughout the universe, and are associated with new stars and exoplanets.
# Bertulf (archbishop of Trier)

Bertulf (or Bartholf or Barthold) (died 883) was the Archbishop of Trier from 869 until his death.
After the Archbishop of Trier Theotgaud was excommunicated by Pope Nicholas I in October 863 in Rome and deposed, and died in Rome in 868, Charles the Bald managed in 869 to have his candidate, Bertulf, appointed as Theotgaud's successor and confirmed by the Pope. Bertulf had previously been abbot of Mettlach. His election ended the long period of sede vacante. Charles also awarded the new archbishop the crown estate of Merzig.
The election of Bertulf was a provocation to Louis the German, who then set up his own candidate. This was Bertulf's brother Waldo, abbot of St. Maximin's Abbey in Trier. Eight years previously, he had been convicted of disloyalty at the Imperial Diet in Regensburg along with his brothers Udo and Berengar and their uncle Ernest, and like them, had been stripped of his offices and titles. His candidacy, however, foundered at the opposition of the other Archbishops.
On 26 September 870, Bertulf attended a synod at Cologne along with the other Rhenish metropolitans, Liutbert and Willibert, and reconsecrated Cologne Cathedral.

## Sources

* ↑ "Medieval Sources online". Archived from the original on 26 February 2010. Retrieved 26 February 2010. The Annals of Fulda. (Manchester Medieval series, Ninth-Century Histories, Volume II.) Reuter, Timothy (trans.) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
| Preceded byTheotgaud | Archbishop of Trier 869–883 | Succeeded byRatbod |
* This article about a German Catholic bishop or archbishop is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# 1740 in Scotland

"none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1740 in Scotland.

## Incumbents

* Secretary of State for Scotland: vacant

### Law officers

* Lord Advocate – Charles Erskine
* Solicitor General for Scotland – William Grant of Prestongrange

### Judiciary

* Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Culloden
* Lord Justice General – Lord Ilay
* Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Milton

## Events

* 7 July – Adam Smith sets out from Scotland to take up a scholarship at Balliol College, Oxford.
* Hugh and Robert Tennent take over the Wellpark Brewery, originally known as the Drygate Brewery, in Glasgow.
* General George Wade is succeeded as Commander-in-chief in Scotland by Sir John Cope.
* The 43rd Highland Regiment of Foot (the 'Black Watch') first musters, at Aberfeldy.

## Births

* 28 March (bapt.) – James Small, inventor (died 1793)
* 15 July – Archibald Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton (died 1819)
* 29 October – James Boswell, diarist and biographer of Samuel Johnson (died 1795)
* James Cannon, mathematician and a principal draftsman of the Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776 (died in 1782 in the United States)
* William Davidson, settler, lumberman, shipbuilder and politician in New Brunswick (died 1790 in Canada)
* William Smellie, master printer, naturalist, antiquary, editor and encyclopedist (died 1795)
* Christopher Wyvill, cleric, landowner and political reformer in England (died 1822)

## Deaths

* 2 February – John Simson, heterodox theologian (born 1668?)
* 22 May – John Boyle, 2nd Earl of Glasgow (born 1688)
* 8 September – William Bruce, 8th Earl of Kincardine

## The arts

* 1 August – the patriotic song "Rule, Britannia!", with words by Scottish-born poet James Thomson, is first performed at Cliveden, the English country home of Frederick, Prince of Wales.
# Billy Tennant

Billy Tennant is a professional flowboarder from Durban, South Africa. He has won multiple tour titles and championships in South Africa. He competed on the US National Flow tour is 2007 and got a 2nd at the inaugural world championships in San Diego, CA. He was a member of the 2009/10 SA Team that travelled to Sentosa, Singapore for the IFC World Championships. Billy won the pro division of bodyboarding (prone) and was declared the (Prone) bodyboarding world champion on the flowbarrel and came 2nd overall in the IFC Rankings. The SA team won the IFC Team event and were the 2009 world champions. Billy is also the 2009/10 SA Flow Bodyboarding Champion 2008/2009. Billy won the 2011 World FLOW Championships in his home town of Durban, South Africa. He is the reigning 2011 World Champion.
Billy is sponsored by Thiel Board Company, Rip Curl clothing and wetsuits and Reef Brazil Footwear.
# Avian Java

The Avian Java is a British high-wing, single-place, advanced sports hang glider, designed by Steve Elkins and Neil Hammerton and produced by Avian Limited of Hope Valley, Derbyshire.

## Design and development

The Java was designed as an advanced recreational hang glider. It was later developed into the "topless" Java Comp 150 which dispensed with the kingpost and top wire rigging, although it retained the lower flying wires. The Java Comp 150 later evolved into the Avian Cheetah competition glider. All Java models are British Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association certified.
The Java 155 model is typical of the line and is made from aluminum tubing, with the wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its 10.0 m (32.8 ft) span wing has a nose angle of 125° and an aspect ratio of 7.0:1. The acceptable pilot hook-in weight is 70 to 110 kg (150 to 240 lb).
The Java 155 can be folded up to a 31 kg (68 lb) package, 5.9 m (19.4 ft) in length for ground transportation on a car top. It can also be further broken down to a length of 4.6 m (15.1 ft) when required for airline or similar space-restricted travel.

## Variants
### Java 140

    Current production version, with 9.5 m (31.2 ft) span wing, area of 13.0 m$^2$ (139.9 sq ft), a nose angle of 125deg; and an aspect ratio of 6.5:1. The acceptable pilot hook-in weight is 50 to 80 kg (110 to 180 lb).

### Java 150

    Circa 2003 version no longer in production. Has 10.0 m (32.8 ft) span wing, area of 13.9 m$^2$ (149.6 sq ft), a nose angle of 125deg; and an aspect ratio of 7.3:1. The acceptable pilot hook-in weight is 60 to 95 kg (132 to 209 lb).

### Java 155

    Current production version, with 10.0 m (32.8 ft) span wing, with an area of 14.4 m$^2$ (155 sq ft), a nose angle of 125° and an aspect ratio of 7.0:1.

### Java Comp 150

    Circa 2003 "topless" competition version no longer in production, replaced by the Avian Cheetah. Has 10.0 m (32.8 ft) span wing, with an area of 13.7 m$^2$ (147 sq ft), a nose angle of 125° and an aspect ratio of 7.3:1.

## Specifications (Java 155)

Data from Avian
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 10.0 m (32 ft 10 in)
* Wing area: 14.4 m$^2$ (155 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 7.0:1
* Empty weight: 29.5 kg (65 lb) rigged ready for flight
* Gross weight: 139.5 kg (308 lb)
Performance
* Stall speed: 24 km/h (15 mph, 13 kn)
* Never exceed speed: 113 km/h (70 mph, 61 kn) in smooth air
* Maximum glide ratio: 13:1
* Rate of sink: 0.86 m/s (169 ft/min)
# Betaeus

Betaeus is a genus of shrimp in the family Alpheidae, containing the following species:
* Betaeus australis Stimpson, 1860
* Betaeus emarginatus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837)
* Betaeus ensenadensis Glassell, 1938
* Betaeus gelasinifer Nomura & Komai, 2000
* Betaeus gracilis Hart, 1964
* Betaeus granulimanus Yokoya, 1927
* Betaeus harfordi (Kingsley, 1878)
* Betaeus harrimani Rathbun, 1904
* Betaeus jucundus Barnard, 1947
* Betaeus lilianae Boschi, 1966
* Betaeus longidactylus Lockington, 1877
* Betaeus macginitieae Hart, 1964
* Betaeus pingi Yu, 1930
* Betaeus setosus Hart, 1964
* Betaeus truncatus Dana, 1852
# Austin Jackson

Austin Jackson may refer to:
* Austin Jackson (baseball) (born 1987), American baseball center fielder
* Austin Jackson (American football) (born 1999), American football offensive tackle
# Boston University Center for Philosophy and History of Science

Boston University Center for Philosophy and History of Science is an interdepartmental, interuniversity forum on the nature of science, and each year organizes the Boston Colloquium for Philosophy of Science.

## History

The Center for Philosophy and History of Science was founded in 1960 as an interdisciplinary, interuniversity collaboration, based at Boston University, with a small seed grant from the National Science Foundation. The Center was an offshoot of the Institute for the Unity of Science, which was itself the American transplant of the Vienna Circle. The Institute's central figure, Philipp Frank, had been one of the Vienna Circle's member and founder, and took part in the development of the Center's Colloquium series. The Center was founded by Robert S. Cohen, who was a professor of philosophy and physics at BU, and Marx W. Wartofsky, a professor of philosophy at BU. In 1993, Alfred I. Tauber, the Zoltan Kohn Professor of Medicine and Professor of Philosophy at Boston University, was appointed director, succeeding Professor Cohen. In 2010, Alisa Bokulich was appointed director.
There is only one older such center in North America, and that is the University of Minnesota’s Center for Philosophy of Science, which was founded in 1953 around Herbert Feigl. Both Herbert Feigl and Philipp Frank fled Europe for the U.S. when the Nazi’s came to power.
Beginning in 1963, the proceedings of many colloquia were published in the series Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (first by the D. Reidel Publishing Company, then by Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, and now by Springer). Under the editorship of Robert Cohen, the "Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science" produced more than 200 volumes in the areas of philosophy of the natural and social sciences, logic, mathematics, and the history and social relations of science.
Over the past 50 years, the Colloquium has hosted talks by the most prominent figures in the philosophy of science.

## Activities

Each year, the Center hosts the Boston Colloquium for Philosophy of Science, an eclectic program of symposia and lectures about all aspects of the philosophy and history of the sciences, mathematics, and logic.

### Affiliated Center (Einstein Studies)

The CPHS is closely linked to the Center for Einstein Studies, also based at Boston University. The Center for Einstein Studies is directed by John Stachel. Boston University's Mugar Memorial Library holds a complete copy of physicist Albert Einstein's papers. Such copies, whose originals are in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, can only be found at Boston University, Princeton University, and at the California Institute of Technology where the Einstein Papers Project is now located.
# 1740 Paavo Nurmi

1740 Paavo Nurmi, provisional designation 1939 UA, is rare-type asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers in diameter.
It was discovered on 18 October 1939, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland. It was named after Finnish distance runner Paavo Nurmi.

## Orbit and classification

Paavo Nurmi orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 10 months (1,415 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.
The asteroid was first identified as 1933 DD at Heidelberg Observatory in 1933. This observation, however, remained unused and the body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Turku in 1939.

## Physical characteristics

On the Tholen taxonomic scheme, Paavo Nurmi has been characterized as a rare F-type asteroid, a subtype of the carbonaceous asteroids, which are common in the outer, but not in the inner main-belt.
Paavo Nurmi has an absolute magnitude of 13.24. According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, the asteroid measures 12.76 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.046. As of 2017, its rotation period and shape remain unknown.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for famed Turku-born Finnish distance runner Paavo Nurmi, also known as The Flying Finn, who won nine Olympic gold medals and set 22 official world records at distances between 1,500 metres and 20 kilometres. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 April 1980 (M.P.C. 5281).
# Ashmolean Museum University Engagement Programme

The University Engagement Programme (UEP) of the Ashmolean Museum was established at the University of Oxford in 2012 with funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Its purpose is to explore new avenues for the use of the Museum’s collections in the teaching of the University.

## Programme

The UEP employed three Teaching Curators and a Programme Director, each with a different specialism: Dr Senta German (Aegean Archaeology), Dr Mallica Kumbera Landrus (History of art and architecture in South Asia) and Dr Jim Harris (European Sculpture c.1350-1620); and Dr Giovanna Vitelli (17th-century colonial archaeology and early collecting). The Teaching Curators work closely with the Ashmolean’s Curatorial Departments, Western Art, Eastern Art, Antiquities and the Heberden Coin Room, their specialisms broadly reflecting these divisions.
The programme seeks to develop partnerships with faculties across the full range of disciplines taught at Oxford. These partnerships have tended to begin in discussion with individual academics who may then bring a group of students to the Museum to examine objects that shed light, directly or tangentially, on the subject of their study. The handling and close examination of objects is central to the work of the Ashmolean UEP, permitting students insights unavailable when the same things are seen in the context of a museum display. From the starting point of object-led work undertaken with individual members of faculty, the UEP seeks to embed interdisciplinary, Museum-based teaching in the curricula of the University.
Whereas the Ashmolean has a long and continuing tradition of teaching by its Curators, this cross-disciplinary approach has resulted in a significant increase in the number of students and faculty visiting and using the Museum. In the course of its first full year of operation, 2012–13, the members of the UEP taught almost 1200 students in 21 departments of the University, at every level from first year undergraduate to DPhil and in every mode from individual tutorials to seminars and lectures.
By the end of Trinity (Summer) term 2013, the UEP had undertaken teaching with faculty colleagues from three of the four major divisions of the University: Humanities, Medical Sciences and Social Sciences, engaging with the departments of Buddhist Studies, Classics, English Language and Literature, Hindi Language, Hindu Studies, History, History of Art, Italian, Sanskrit, Theology and Religion, Neuroscience, Cardiovascular Medicine, Psychiatry, Experimental Psychology, Anthropology, Archaeology, Education, Geography and the Environment, International Development, the Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art and the Saïd Business School.
As the largest project of its kind in a UK university museum, the Ashmolean UEP is involved in wider discussions concerning object-based learning as a tool for teaching and research and its members have collaborated in events organised by the University Museums Group UK and the Association of Art Historians.
# Ben McFadgean

Ben McFadgean (/məkfædʒiːn/) (born 31 July 1986) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played on the wing for the Penrith Panthers in the NRL.

## Background

McFadgean was born Windsor, New South Wales, Australia.

## Playing career

McFadgean played his first and only game on round 18 in 2009.
He played for the New South Wales Residents team in 2009.
Other than the one first grade game, he played for Windsor Wolves in the NSWRL Jim Beam Cup.