OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Auwa

Auwa is a village in the Marwar Junction tehsil of Pali district in Rajasthan, India. The village is situated 13 km from Marwar Junction railway station.
Auwa has an ancient temple of Lord Shiva (Kameshwar Mahadev) on its outskirts, which is believed to have been constructed in the 11th century AD.

## History
### Dharna by Charans

In 1586 AD (V.S. 1643), on the 13th day of Shukla paksha of Chaitra month, following the death of the King Maldev Rathore of Jodhpur State, his eldest son Chandrasen Rathore became king. But Chandrasen's younger brother usurped him with the help of the Mughal emperor Akbar. Charans opposed him. For staging a dharna against the king they were going to Mewar; the Auwa Jagirdar Gopal Das Champawat supported them and suggested that they stage the dharna in his village. The Charans selected the land on the bank of the Sukri river, in front of Kajleshwar Mahadev Temple to stage their dharna. They started the dharna on the 13th and fasted until the full moon. From the third day they started taking their lives by performing Taaga (Dhaaga) and Teliya. The King's trusted Charan friend, Akha Barahath, and his trumpeter (nagarchi) Govind Ji Damami came there to stop them but Akhaji Barahath himself joined his Charan brethren and was killed with other Charans even though Govind Ji Damami sacrificed his life so as to prevent the Charans from killing themselves.

## 1857 Revolt

The village is known for the siege of the Auwa fort by British forces in 1857 when various Rajputs of Pali region under the stewardship of Thakur Kushal Singh Rathore of Auwa confronted the British. Auwa fort was surrounded by the British army and the conflict lasted many days. The fort and village still carry the scars of that siege. Captain Mason was shot dead for insulting the Thakur and his severed head was hung at the fort gate. The British destroyed the fort and the palace. Even temples and their idols were not spared. The statue of the goddess Mahakali brought to Ajmer is still kept in the Ajmer Museum. A still existent cenotaph was raised for Mason by the British. The fort has today been converted into a hotel.

## Demographics

The population of Auwa was 4,202 according to the 2001 census, 2,104 males and 2,098 females. The place is surrounded by small villages by name Deoli, Jojawar, Kherwa, Ranawas etc
# Bergstein (Weinbiet)

The Bergstein is a natural monument in the borough of Neustadt an der Weinstraße in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It has the number ND-7316-173.
The Bergstein is described as a rock group and lies at an elevation of c. 354 m (1,161 ft) at the eastern end of the Palatinate Forest and is part of the Weinbiet massif. The Bergstein lies above the Speyerbach valley and has a view of the valley and the town of Neustadt. It is accessible and is protected by railings. It is only accessible on footpaths.
# Arabinogalactan endo-β-1,4-galactanase

Arabinogalactan endo-β-1,4-galactanase (EC 3.2.1.89, endo-1,4-β-galactanase, galactanase, arabinogalactanase, ganB (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name arabinogalactan 4-β-D-galactanohydrolase. It specifically catalyses the hydrolysis (1→4)-β-D-galactosidic linkages in type I arabinogalactans.
It is isolated from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
# Azraq 18

Azraq 18 is an Epipalaeolithic archaeological site in the Azraq oasis, eastern Jordan. First recorded in a survey by Andrew Garrard and Nicholas Stanley-Price in 1975, and excavated by Garrard in 1985, it is one of many sites of prehistoric occupation around the perennial springs that feed the oasis. Of these, Azraq 18 is the only one associated with the Late Epipalaeolithic Natufian culture, which is dated to between around 15,000 to 11,500 years ago.
Although the people of the Natufian culture were nomadic hunter-gatherers, Azraq 18 shows signs of repeated visits and use for long periods of time. The excavations revealed the remains of structures, heavy ground stone tools, finely-worked bone and microlithic stone tools, and a large volume of plant and animal remains. The animal remains included wild cattle and duck, indicating that the site was probably in or near to a wetland area. Notably, a collective burial of three adults and four children was discovered at the site; one of very few surviving Natufian burials from the arid regions of the Levant. The bodies were interred separately at different times, and some of the skulls were later removed, treated with coloured pigments, and reburied. The practice of retrieving and manipulating human remains—especially skulls—after burial began in with the Natufian and spread across Southwest Asia in the subsequent Neolithic period, and is sometimes referred as the Neolithic skull cult.
After the 1985 excavations the area was cleared for agricultural use, likely destroying anything that remained.
# Altenstadt railway station

Altenstadt railway station is a railway station in the Altenstadt district of the town of Feldkirch in the westernmost Austrian Federal State of Vorarlberg. The station is located on the Feldkirch–Buchs railway line and is served by regional trains only.
The station is owned and operated by Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB). It is one of five stations in the city of Feldkirch. The others are Feldkirch, Feldkirch Amberg, Gisingen and Tisis.

## Services

As of the December 2023 timetable change, the following regional train service calls at the station:
* Vorarlberg S-Bahn S2: on weekdays, eleven trains per day to both Buchs SG and Feldkirch
# Alavus Airfield

Alavus Airfield is an airfield in Alavus, Finland, about 2 nautical miles (4 km; 2 mi) southwest of Alavus town centre.
# Australasian flying fish

The Australasian flying fish, Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus melanocercus, is a subspecies of flyingfish of the family Exocoetidae, found off New South Wales of Australia, and around New Zealand, in surface waters. The Australasian flying fish feeds mainly on plankton and small crustaceans.
# Angström (crater)

Ångström is a small lunar impact crater located on the border between Oceanus Procellarum to the west and Mare Imbrium to the east. To the south is a formation of mountains rising out of the mare named the Montes Harbinger. To the east are some wrinkle ridges named the Dorsum Bucher and Dorsa Argand. This crater is bowl-shaped, with a circular rim and inner walls that slope down to the small central floor. It has a higher albedo than the surrounding maria. The crater halo is radar dark, indicating a lack of larger blocks among the fine ejecta.
Ångström crater is named after Anders Jonas Ångström, a Swedish physicist and one of the founders of the science of spectroscopy.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Ångström.
| Ångström | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 30.9° N | 41.1° W | 6 km |
| B | 31.7° N | 44.1° W | 6 km |
# Auw an der Kyll

Auw an der Kyll is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# Beriev R-1

The Beriev R-1 (known in-house as 'product R') was the first Soviet turbojet-powered flying boat.

## Design and development

At the end of World War II, design work began on a request from the Soviet Navy for a jet-powered flying boat. Starting with the wing design of the Be-6, Beriev began in-house design work in May 1947, even before the official specifications were issued in June 1948. The specifications called for a radar-equipped aircraft with a three-man crew, capable of a speed of 800 km/h, and with a range of 2000-2500 kilometers. The aircraft was to be armed with 2,000 kg of bombs and four 20 mm cannons.
Beriev completed a mock-up by 10 June 1950, using Klimov VK-1 engines instead of the originally planned Rolls-Royce Nene engines. The first prototype was completed in November 1951. However, the prototype experienced severe vibrations and hydrodynamic instability at 165 km/h and was nearly destroyed in testing. After much modification, flight testing began at the end of 1951. The prototype crash landed on 3 October 1953 and was again repaired.
Extensive testing continued to 1956, however, the development of land-based long-range reconnaissance aircraft put the project into jeopardy. After another crash in February 1956, the R-1 was never repaired and subsequently scrapped. The R designation is believed to have stood for Reaktivnyy (jet-propelled). Experience gained during the test programme with the R-1 was used in the development of the Beriev Be-10.

## Specifications (R-1)

Data from Beriev's Jet Flying Boats
General characteristics
* Crew: 3 (pilot, navigator and gunner/radio operator)
* Length: 19.9 m (65 ft 3 in)
* Wingspan: 20 m (65 ft 7 in)
* Height: 7.1 m (23 ft 4 in)
* Wing area: 58 m$^2$ (620 sq ft)
* Airfoil: NACA 23009
* Max takeoff weight: 20,300 kg (44,754 lb)
* Powerplant: 2 × Klimov VK-1 turbojet engines, 26.5 kN (5,950 lbf) thrust each
Performance
* Maximum speed: 800 km/h (500 mph, 430 kn)
* Range: 2,000 km (1,200 mi, 1,100 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 11,500 m (37,700 ft)
Armament
* Guns: 2 forward-firing 23-mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannon, 2 tail-mounted 23-mm Shpitalniy Sh-3 cannon.
* Bombs: Maximum of 1,000 kg (2,205 lb) carried on underwing bomb racks.
# Aram of the Two Rivers

Aram of the Two Rivers is an album by bass guitarist Jonas Hellborg that was released in 1999 by Bardo Records.
It was recorded live in Syria in 1996 at two venues: the Al Azam Palace in Damascus and one of the oldest caravanserais in Aleppo. Composed of six improvised suites, the album is a fusion of jazz and Arabic music, melding Hellborg's polyrhythms and Middle Eastern modal harmonic structures with authentic sounds of ethnic instruments played by local musicians.
Darbukas (Tarek Malas and Mahfouz Al Hosaini) and riqq (Nabil Khaiat) are assisting Hellborg's acoustic bass in its rhythmic and melodic drive, joined by ney player Mased Sri al Den on the first three tracks and violinist Hadi Backdonas on the last three. The result is a collection of intriguing, though pleasantly accessible, silence-breathing arrangements with virtuous melodic exchanges, unison played ideas and haunting (at times even dance-like) rhythms.

## Instruments

Jonas Hellborg plays here an acoustic bass, custom built by luthier Abraham Wechter, an exquisite work of art also to be heard on some of his other albums ("Silent Life", "Octave of the Holy Innocents").
In his hands, the instrument receives the versatility of a wider sounding, deeper range guitar, capable of appealing melodic runs, chordal approaches, but also of the thumb slapping, string pulling and popping one would expect from an electric bass.
"It makes me wonder if he's not some sort of demonic half-organic machine, performing myriad calculations before lifting a finger to play not quite the thing you expected." concludes Carl Glaser for Ink19 Music Reviews.
Darbuka is a hand-drum heard in the Middle East, North Africa and Eastern Europe, similar to a clay pot (it can also be made of metal or wood);
Riqq is a small percussion instrument similar to a tambourine used in traditional Arabic music, originally built as a wooden frame with jingles, covered with fish or goat skin;
Ney is a traditional Middle-Eastern end-blown flute, with a fluid, sensual and floating sound.

## Title etymology

"Aram of the Two Rivers" (original: "Aram-Naharaim") designates a Syrian region better known today as Mesopotamia, ancient home of the Arameans and primordial cradle of human culture and civilization, stretching between the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates, and referenced as far back as the Old Testament.

## Songs / tracks listing

All tracks are written by Jonas Hellborg

## Personnel

* Jonas Hellborg – bass guitar, producer
* Mased Sri Al Deen – flute (ney)
* Hadi Backdonas – violin
* Nabil Khaiat – tambourine (riq)
* Mahfouz Al Hosaini – goblet drum
* Tarek Malas – goblet drum
# Akbarnagar, Bihar

Akbarnagar is a town in the Sultanganj block of Bhagalpur district in Bihar, India. It is situated on the southern part of the district, about 14 kilometres west of the district headquarter Bhagalpur. In the year 2011, the town had a population of 12000.

## Geography

Akbarnagar is located at the southern bank of the Ganges River. It is bounded by Maheshi to its west, Ahmadpur Sahar to its north, Hario to its east, and Gauripur Chaur to its south. The total geographical area of village is 2070 hectares.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, the village of Akbarnagar had 31,773 registered inhabitants in 5,384 households. Of the local population, 16,767 were male and 15,006 were female. The working population formed 28.52% of the total population. Average literacy rate of Akbarnagar was 56.71%, of which 10,553 of the male residents and 7,464 of the female residents being literate.
# Almeda C. Adams

Almeda C. Adams (February 26, 1865 – September 8, 1949) was a musician, teacher, and author who, with the assistance of Adelle Prentiss Hughes, founded the Cleveland Music School Settlement.

## Biography

Adams was born on February 26, 1865, in Meadville, Pennsylvania to James Adams, an itinerant preacher, and Katherine Adams (née Ketchum). As an infant, Almeda lost her eyesight and was blind the rest of her life. Her family lived in many places in Ohio, and Almeda attended the State School for the Blind in Columbus, Ohio. She sold 2000 subscriptions to the Ladies Home Journal to earn a scholarship to the New England Conservatory of Music. After graduation, she taught for a period in Nebraska at Lincoln Normal University and Nebraska School for the Blind, eventually returned to New York city for further study, and finally settled in Cleveland, Ohio.
In Cleveland, Adams pursued many musical endeavors including teaching at several settlement houses. Inspired by the creation of music settlement houses in New York City and encouraged by her father, she approached Adella Prentiss Hughes, who founded The Cleveland Orchestra, for assistance in establishing a music settlement house in Cleveland. In 1912, Adams, with the assistance of Hughes, established the Cleveland Music School Settlement with a $1000 donation from the Fortnightly Musical Club and support from other notable Cleveland families. The Cleveland Music School Settlement, which continues to operate today as The Music Settlement, grew to include music instruction, music therapy, and other services at both its main location and several outreach sites. Adams was dedicated to making music instruction available to children and adults and focused on making lessons and other services accessible to underprivileged individuals. From its inception, The Cleveland Music Settlement School provided free and low-cost instruction to better serve the community.
Along with the establishment of the Cleveland Music School Settlement, Adams also directed the Schumann Society from 1918 to 1931, which was a choral group for working girls. Adams published Seeing Europe Through Sightless Eyes in 1929. In this book, Adams described her personal reactions to art she was able to experience in Europe either through the descriptions of the voice student she was chaperoning or through touch.
She continued to teach until 1948 and died a year later on September 8, 1949, at the age of 84. Adams was interred with her family in Lakeview Cemetery.
# Alberta Major Bantam Hockey League

The Alberta Major Bantam Hockey League (AMBHL) is the provincial Bantam AAA ice hockey league for Alberta, Canada. Established in 1990, the AMBHL operates under the jurisdiction of Hockey Alberta and Hockey Canada as an AAA-level minor ice hockey league for players under 15 years of age.
# 1695 in Scotland

"none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1695 in the Kingdom of Scotland.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – William II
* Secretary of State – John Dalrymple, Master of Stair (until dismissed after Glencoe enquiry), jointly with James Johnston

### Law officers

* Lord Advocate – Sir James Stewart
* Solicitor General for Scotland – ??

### Judiciary

* Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Stair (died in November)
* Lord Justice General – Lord Lothian
* Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Ormiston

## Events

* 2 July – 1 September – Scottish regiments are involved in the Siege of Namur
* 17 July – Parliament passes the act to establish the Bank of Scotland
* Carron Bridge built

## Births

* 1 August – John Rutherford, physician and professor at the University of Edinburgh Medical School (died 1779)
* 5 October – John Glas, clergyman who started the Glasite church movement (died 1773)
* 4 November – John Erskine of Carnock, jurist and professor of Scottish law at the University of Edinburgh (died 1768)
* date unknown –
** John Hay, 4th Marquess of Tweeddale, nobleman, politician, Secretary of State for Scotland, Governor of Bank of Scotland (died 1772)

## Deaths

* 13 April – James Drummond bishop (born 1629)
* 15 May – Patrick Lyon, 3rd Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, peer, (born 1643)
* 29 November – James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount of Stair, lawyer and statesman, (born 1619)
* date unknown –
** William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry, politician (born 1637)
# Aux Marocains

Aux Marocains is a confectionery, located 33 rue Clemenceau in the French spa city of Vichy in the Département of Allier, in center of France. Established in 1860, it is still active. Its name come from a candy — Le Marocain (The Marocan) — that was created there in the early 20th century and is still produced, a variant of another candy, the Négus de Nevers. The facade of the building, the storefront (Art Deco) and the interior of the shop (Second Empire-style) are listed on the Supplementary Inventory of Monument historique since 1990.

## Photo gallery

* Building in 33 rue Clemenceau with Aux Marocains shop on the ground level.
* The Art Deco facade of the boutique
* Over the front door Aux Marocains, marque déposée ("To Marocans, registered trademark")
* Inside the confectionary
# Austin Lightning

Austin Lightning was an amateur American soccer team. The team was a member of the United Soccer Leagues Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, until 2007, when the team left the league and the franchise was terminated.

## History

Austin Lightning was founded in 2001, originally with the name Lafayette Lightning. The team played as the Lafayette Lightning for the 2001 PDL season, finishing 2nd in the Mid-South Division. When the Austin Lone Stars were relegated from USL D3 Pro League in 2000 season and subsequently folded before the 2001 season started.Austin had no major soccer team in the city. This allowed the Lightning to transfer from Layfayette to Austin under the leadership of player/coach Chris Veselka. The team played their home games at St. Stephen's Episcopal School (Austin, Texas). After two years as the only team in town, Jonathan Langer was looking to bring a professional team back to town in the form of Austin Posse, but the team ceased operation after three exhibition games. The team played its home games for their final seasons at the Tony Burger Center in the city of Austin, Texas. The team dissolved in 2007 and were reborn as the Austin Stampede under some of the same management and with a new coach.

## Year-by-year

| Year | Division | League | Regular Season | Playoffs | Open Cup |
| 2002 | 4 | USL PDL | 3rd, Mid South | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2003 | 4 | USL PDL | 5th, Mid South | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2004 | 4 | USL PDL | 7th, Mid South | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2005 | 4 | USL PDL | 3rd, Mid South | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2006 | 4 | USL PDL | 5th, Mid South | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2007 | 4 | USL PDL | 7th, Mid South | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |

## Coaches

* Chris Veselka 2001
* Jaime Mimbela 2007

## Notable alumni

* Ismail Elfath

## Stadia

* Stadium at St. Stephen's Episcopal School, Austin, Texas 2003
* Stadium at Red Rock High School, Red Rock, Texas 2004
* Williamson County Regional Park, Leander, Texas 2003, 2005–06, 2007
* Noack Sports Complex, Austin, Texas 2005 (3 games)
* House Park, Austin, Texas 2005 (1 game), 2007
* Tony Burger Center, Austin, Texas 2007

## Average attendance

* 2007: 282
* 2006: 261
* 2005: 197
# Berden (disambiguation)

Berden is a village in Essex, England, UK.
Berden may also refer to:

## People
### Surname

* Ben Berden (born 1975), Belgian racing cyclist
* Martijn Berden (born 1997), Dutch footballer
* Tommy Berden (born 1979), Dutch squash player

### Given name

* Berden de Vries (born 1989), Dutch racing cyclist

## Other uses

* Berden Hall, Berden, Essex, England, UK; a country house
* Berden Priory, Essex, England, UK
# Arctia forsteri

Arctia forsteri is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Franz Daniel in 1943. It is found in Sichuan, China.
The species of the genus Sinoarctia , including this one, were moved to Arctia as a result of phylogenetic research published by Rönkä et al. in 2016.
# Ailao Mountains

The Ailao Mountains are located in Yunnan, China. They extend northward from the Yun range, and are located at the intersection of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the Tibetan Plateau, and the Hengduan Mountains. The Ailao Mountain Nature Reserve, located in the Ailao Mountains, is the best-preserved example of subtropical evergreen broad-leafed forest extant in China.
It is also the watershed of the Bianjiang River and the Amo River, and it is situated between Chuxiong City and Yuxi City to the east and Pu'er City to the west. It is mainly composed of sand shale, limestone, and various metamorphic rocks. The Ailao Mountains trend northwest-southeast, from Chuxiong City in the north, to Luchun County in the south, coming to a total length of about 500 kilometers. The main peak is named Ailao Mountain, and is located in the west of Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County, with an altitude of 3,166 meters.
In May 1988, China established the Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve in the Xujiaba area of the northern section of the Ailao Mountain Range, which is home to nearly 1,500 species of plants and more than 800 species of wild animals.
In November 2021, four geological surveyors went missing in the Ailao Mountains and died from hypothermia-induced cardiogenic shock.
# BTK

BTK, Btk, etc. may refer to:

## Biology and medicine

* Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk), a soil-dwelling bacterium also used as an insecticide
* Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a protein
** Btk-type zinc finger or Btk motif (BM), a zinc-binding motif present in some eukaryotic signalling proteins
Medicine
* BTK (below-the-knee amputation), amputation of the lower limb between the knee joint and the ankle joint

## Music

* "BTK", a song by American band Exodus on their 2014 album Blood In, Blood Out
* "B.T.K. (Dennis Rader)", a song by Japanese band Church of Misery on their 2013 album "Thy Kingdom Scum"
* "Bind Torture Kill", a song by American band Suffocation on their 2006 self-titled album
* Bind, Torture, Kill, a 2006 album by Belgian band Suicide Commando
* Birth Through Knowledge, a Canadian hip-hop/rock band

## Telecommunications

* Bulgarian Telecommunications Company, (БТК in Cyrillic)
* Information and Communication Technologies Authority in Turkey, (abbreviated as BTK in Turkish)

## Transportation

* Baku–Tbilisi–Kars railway connecting Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey
* ICAO airline code for Indonesian airline Batik Air
* IATA airport code for Bratsk Airport, Russia

## Other uses

* BTK, the ISO 639-2 and ISO 639-5 codes for Batak languages
* Dennis Rader (born 1945), American serial killer known as "BTK"
* Kaiser-Fleetwings XBTK, a US Navy dive and torpedo bomber
* Pillars of Truth (Boutokaan Te Koaua), a political party in Kiribati