# 63rd cabinet of Turkey

The Second Cabinet of Ahmet Davutoğlu was a temporary election government formed by Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu on the request of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. It is also referred to as the Second Davutoğlu Cabinet. As the 63rd government of Turkey, the cabinet presided over the November 2015 general election and dissolved after a new government is formed after the election. It is the first such government to take office in the history of the Turkish Republic.
After the Justice and Development Party (AKP) won back its majority in the November election, the interim election government formally dissolved on 24 November 2015 and was succeeded by AKP leader Ahmet Davutoğlu's third government.

## Background

The June 2015 general election resulted in a hung parliament, with the Justice and Development Party (AKP) falling 18 seats short of a majority. President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan invited AKP leader Ahmet Davutoğlu to form a government, by virtue of leading the largest party in the Grand National Assembly. After a series of unsuccessful coalition negotiations with the main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), Davutoğlu returned the mandate to the President five days before the 45-day allowance to form a government ended, after which Erdoğan controversially refused to invite the CHP leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu to form a government and instead announced his intention to call a snap general election. Amid rumours that Erdoğan had always favoured going into an early election rather than allowing his former party (the AKP) to form a coalition government, his decision to call an election was finalised on 24 August 2015 and the Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey (YSK) announced 1 November as the date for the new vote.

### Constitutional provision

As enshrined in the Constitution of Turkey, an interim cabinet formed together by all the parties in Parliament must be formed in the event that the President calls for a new vote. The number of ministries given to each party is determined by how many MPs they have in Parliament. The Speaker of the Grand National Assembly, İsmet Yılmaz, determined that the AKP would be given 11 ministries, the CHP 5, the MHP 3 and the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) also 3. The Ministry of Transport, Maritime and Communication, Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of the Interior would be overseen by independent ministers, as is also the case for any government going into an election. Parties who do not wish to take part in the government can opt out, in which case the individual tasked with forming the government (in this case Davutoğlu) must offer their ministries to independents. The CHP and MHP announced that they would not take part in the government.

### Formation process

Davutoğlu was tasked with forming the interim cabinet on 25 August 2015, after which he sent out letters to members of different parties offering them a ministerial position in the new government on 26 August 2015. He has five days to form a government. Amid claims that the AKP was uncomfortable with going into government along with politicians from the HDP, Davutoğlu made offers to CHP and MHP politicians despite their party leaders announcing that they would not take part. It was also rumoured that Davutoğlu could offer ministerial positions to independents who were seen as close or formerly a member of the CHP and MHP to weaken the perception that the interim government was just an AKP-HDP coalition. In a last-ditch attempt to keep the HDP out of government, Davutoğlu proposed a triple coalition government between the AKP, CHP and MHP until an election took place. The offer was rejected by both the CHP and MHP.

## Ministerial appointments
### Initial invitations

The following tables show the politicians from all four parties represented in Parliament that were invited to become ministers in the interim cabinet.
AKP seats: 258, ministries: 11 (+ Prime minister) :
| Invited | Invited | Response |
| | Yalçın Akdoğan | Y Accepted |
| | Numan Kurtulmuş | Y Accepted |
| | Cevdet Yılmaz | Y Accepted |
| | Mehmet Şimşek | Y Accepted |
| | Mehmet Müezzinoğlu | Y Accepted |
| | Nabi Avcı | Y Accepted |
| | Fikri Işık | Y Accepted |
| | Nihat Zeybekçi | Y Accepted |
| | Akif Çağatay Kılıç | Y Accepted |
| | İdris Güllüce | Y Accepted |
| | Veysel Eroğlu | Y Accepted |
| Party stance | Party stance | Y Accept |
CHP seats: 131, ministries: 5 :
| Invited | Invited | Response |
| | Deniz Baykal | N Declined |
| | Erdoğan Toprak | N Declined |
| | Gülsün Bilgehan | N Declined |
| | Tekin Bingöl | N Declined |
| | İlhan Kesici | N Declined |
| Party stance | Party stance | N Decline |
MHP seats: 80, ministries: 3 :
| Invited | Invited | Response |
| | Tuğrul Türkeş | Y Accepted |
| | Meral Akşener | N Declined |
| | Kenan Tanrıkulu | N Declined |
| Party stance | Party stance | N Decline |
HDP seats: 80, ministries: 3 :
| Invited | Invited | Response |
| | Ali Haydar Konca | Y Accepted |
| | Levent Tüzel | N Declined |
| | Müslüm Doğan | Y Accepted |
| Party stance | Party stance | Y Accept |
MHP MP Tuğrul Türkeş caused an uproar within his party after accepting Davutoğlu's invitation to become a minister, despite his party's staunch refusal to take part. The MHP issued a statement demanding that he resign from the party and that he would be suspended if he didn't do so. The MHP later began disciplinary proceedings to suspend Türkeş from the party, while Davutoğlu praised him for showing true statesmanship. He was formally suspended from the MHP on 5 September 2015, with the MHP subsequently falling behind the HDP and becoming the fourth largest party in Parliament with 79 seats.
HDP MP Levent Tüzel rejected a ministerial position despite his party's approval of its MPs to participate. The reason was due to opposition by the Labour Party (EMEP) to Tüzel's involvement. Tüzel had founded the EMEP in 1996 and led it until 2011, with the party supporting the HDP in the June 2015 general election.
With 8 politicians declining ministerial positions and the Ministries of Transport, Interior and Justice being reserved for non-partisan independents, the cabinet will consist of 12 independent ministers.

## Composition

| Function | Holder | Party | Start | End |
| Prime Minister Başbakan | Ahmet Davutoğlu | AKP | 28 August 2014 | 17 November 2015 |
| Deputy Prime Minister Başbakan Yardımcısı Responsible for Parliamentary relations and public diplomacy | Yalçın Akdoğan | AKP | 29 August 2014 | 17 November 2015 |
| Deputy Prime Minister Başbakan Yardımcısı Government spokesperson and responsible for human rights | Numan Kurtulmuş | AKP | 29 August 2014 | 17 November 2015 |
| Deputy Prime Minister Başbakan Yardımcısı Responsible for the economy | Cevdet Yılmaz | AKP | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Deputy Prime Minister Başbakan Yardımcısı Responsible for relations with the Council of State, the Cyprus dispute and the National Security Council | Tuğrul Türkeş | MHP until 5 September 2015 | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Deputy Prime Minister Başbakan Yardımcısı Responsible for relations with the Council of State, the Cyprus dispute and the National Security Council | Tuğrul Türkeş | Independent 5-18 September 2015 | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Deputy Prime Minister Başbakan Yardımcısı Responsible for relations with the Council of State, the Cyprus dispute and the National Security Council | Tuğrul Türkeş | AKP since 18 September 2015 | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs Dışişleri Bakanı | Feridun Sinirlioğlu | Independent | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of the Interior İçişleri Bakanı | Selami Altınok | Independent | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Finance Maliye Bakanı | Mehmet Şimşek | AKP | 1 May 2009 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Justice Adalet Bakanı | Kenan İpek | Independent | 7 March 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanı | Ali Rıza Alaboyun | Independent (Formerly AKP) | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Gıda, Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanı | Kutbettin Arzu | Independent (Formerly AKP) | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Culture and Tourism Kültür ve Turizm Bakanı | Yalçın Topçu | Independent | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Health Sağlık Bakanı | Mehmet Müezzinoğlu | AKP | 24 January 2013 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of National Education Millî Eğitim Bakanı | Nabi Avcı | AKP | 24 January 2013 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of National Defence Millî Savunma Bakanı | Vecdi Gönül | Independent (Formerly AKP) | 3 July 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology Bilim, Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanı | Fikri Işık | AKP | 25 December 2013 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Labour and Social Security Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanı | Ahmet Erdem | Independent | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Transport, Maritime and Communication Ulaştırma, Denizcilik ve Haberleşme Bakanı | Feridun Bilgin | Independent | 7 March 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Family and Social Policy Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanı | Ayşen Gürcan | Independent | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of European Union Affairs Avrupa Birliği Bakanı | Ali Haydar Konca | HDP | 28 August 2015 | 22 September 2015 |
| Ministry of European Union Affairs Avrupa Birliği Bakanı | Beril Dedeoğlu | Independent | 22 September 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Economy Ekonomi Bakanı | Nihat Zeybekçi | AKP | 25 December 2013 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Youth and Sports Gençlik ve Spor Bakanı | Akif Çağatay Kılıç | AKP | 25 December 2013 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Development Kalkınma Bakanı | Müslüm Doğan | HDP | 28 August 2015 | 22 September 2015 |
| Ministry of Development Kalkınma Bakanı | Cüneyd Düzyol | Independent | 22 September 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Customs and Trade Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanı | Cenap Aşçı | Independent | 28 August 2015 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanı | İdris Güllüce | AKP | 25 December 2013 | 17 November 2015 |
| Ministry of Forest and Water Management Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanı | Veysel Eroğlu | AKP | 29 August 2007 | 17 November 2015 |

## Controversies
### Pro-AKP Independents

With 11 independents due to be appointed, it was observed that many independents were in fact former AKP politicians or individuals with close ties with the AKP. These included the following ministers.
It was revealed that Ali Rıza Alaboyun, Kutbettin Arzu and Vecdi Gönül all resigned from the AKP shortly before the cabinet was formed so that they could take part as an Independent. Cenap Aşçı was a civil servant with no political affiliation before his appointment, despite trying unsuccessfully to become an AKP parliamentary candidate.
| Minister | Position | Link with AKP |
| Ali Rıza Alaboyun | Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources | AKP MP for Aksaray between 2002 and 2015 |
| Kutbettin Arzu | Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock | AKP MP for Diyarbakır between 2007 and 2011 |
| Vecdi Gönül | Ministry of National Defence | AKP MP from 2002 to 2015, AKP National Defence Minister from 2002 to 2011 |
| Cenap Aşçı | Ministry of Customs and Trade | AKP parliamentary candidacy applicant in 2011 and June 2015 |