OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alan Mitchell (botanist)

Alan F. Mitchell (4 November 1922 – 3 August 1995) was a British forester, dendrologist and botanist, and author of several books on trees.
Born in Ilford, Essex, he almost single-handedly measured every notable tree in the British Isles, founding the Tree Register of the British Isles (T.R.O.B.I.), which held records of over 100,000 individual notable trees at the time of his death.
During the Second World War, he served with the Fleet Air Arm in the East Asia. Returning by troop ship in the Red Sea at the end of the war, he pondered his future and decided it would be trees. In 1976, the Royal Forestry Society of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland awarded him its Medal for Distinguished Service to Forestry (gold medal) during a Society meeting at Westonbirt. (From a tribute by Esmond Harris, Quarterly Journal of Forestry, January 1996, page 67).
His 1987 book The Guide to Trees of Canada and North America is dedicated to his sister Christine. The book makes occasional oblique reference to a trip to North America in 1976.
Mitchell's Rule states: "If there are tree stumps or felled trunks nearby, count the annual growth rings and measure the trunk circumference to find local growth rates".

## Selected bibliography

* Mitchell, Alan (1972). Conifers in the British Isles. A Descriptive Handbook (PDF). Forestry Commission Booklet 33. illustrated by Christine Darter. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2016.
* ——; Jobling, John (1974a). Field recognition of British Elms (PDF). Forestry Commission Booklet 42. illustrated by Christine Darter. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2018.
* —— (1974). A Field Guide to the Trees of Britain and Northern Europe. illustrated by Preben Dahlstrom, Ebbe Sunesen and Christine Darter. London / Boston: Collins / Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-395-19114-9.
* 1980. Native British Trees. Forestry Commission Research Information Note, 53/80/SILS Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
* 1981. The Gardener's Book of Trees, illustrated by Joanna Langhorne. J.M. Dent, London. ISBN 0-460-86085-2. First published in paperback, with corrections, 1993.
* 1982. The Trees of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins. ISBN 0-00-219037-0 (hbk) ISBN 0-00-219035-4 (pbk)
* 1984. Decorative Trees for Country, Town and Garden. Her Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO). Written with John Jobling.
* 1985. Champion Trees in the British Isles, with V. E. Hallett & J. E. J. White. Forestry Commission Field Book 10.
* 1987. The Guide to Trees of Canada and North America, illustrated by David More. Dragon's World, Limpsfield and London. ISBN 1-85028-053-3 (hbk).
* 1996 (published posthumously). Alan Mitchell's Trees of Britain. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-219972-6
# Agaritine gamma-glutamyltransferase

In enzymology, an agaritine gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    agaritine + acceptor $\rightleftharpoons$ 4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine + gamma-L-glutamyl-acceptor
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are agaritine and acceptor, whereas its two products are 4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine and gamma-L-glutamyl-acceptor.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the aminoacyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (gamma-L-glutamyl)-N1-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)hydrazine:acceptor gamma-glutamyltransferase. Other names in common use include (gamma-L-glutamyl)-N1-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)hydrazine:(acceptor), gamma-glutamyltransferase, (gamma-L-glutamyl)-1-N-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)hydrazine:(acceptor), gamma-glutamyltransferase, (gamma-L-glutamyl)-1-N-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)hydrazine:acceptor, and gamma-glutamyltransferase.
# Blood of Man

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Blood of Manis the eighth album by Mason Jennings. It was released in 2009 by Brushfire Records. Jennings recorded all of the instruments on the album himself and the album has a more extensive use of electric guitars than his previous two albums. Jennings referred to the album's subject matter in a short film titled "Blood of Man", where he stated that he drew heavily on childhood experiences.
On June 2, 2009, the single "Sunlight" was released on iTunes with all proceeds to go to the Surfrider Foundation in efforts to help clean up beaches around America.

## Track listing

All tracks by Mason Jennings
* "City of Ghosts" – 3:13
* "Pittsburgh" – 3:55
* "The Field" – 5:37
* "Tourist" – 3:20
* "Black Wind Blowing" – 4:47
* "Ain't No Friend of Mine" – 3:12
* "Sing Out" – 4:27
* "Sunlight" – 4:32
* "Lonely Road" – 4:04
* "Blood of Man" – 5:04
* "Waves" – 2:36 (iTunes bonus track)

## Personnel

* Mason Jennings - producer, writer, recording, performer
* Daniel Field - photography, art direction
* Alex Field - design, layout
* Johannes Gamble - design, layout
* Danny Clinch - color photograph
* Scott Soens - B&W photograph
# Archive (magazine)

Archive is a membership magazine for users of the Acorn Archimedes personal computer and related RISC OS hardware. It is the oldest and longest-running RISC OS magazine.

## History

The first issue was announced in September 1987 and came out in October 1987, a month before the launch of RISC User. In August 2007, Jim Nagel took over from the founding editor Paul Beverley. After the death of Jim Nagel on 21 March 2020, the editorship passed to Gavin Smith. Members of The ARM Club were offered discounted subscriptions in 1999, around the time of the discontinuation of Archimedes World and announced closure of RISC User.
# 311th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)

The 311th Infantry Division was an army formation in Nazi Germany, established on 1 November 1939 in East Prussia during the Second World War from the Genesenen group Brand and the Lötzen Brigade, which were used by the 3rd Army.
After its deployment, the division remained at the Arys military training area in East Prussia. On 8 March 1940 the division was completely reclassified. At the beginning of the Battle of France, the second phase of the western campaign, the division was moved to the Grafenwoehr Training Area on 9 June 1940. The IV (field recruit) battalions of the infantry regiments formed in January 1940 were handed over here. The IV Infantry Regiment 247 became field replacement battalion 311. As a result of the rapid end to the western campaign, the 311st Infantry Division was disbanded on 7 August 1940.
# Alampla palaeodes

Alampla palaeodes is a moth in the family Immidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1914. It is found in Taiwan and Guangdong, China.
# Agrisius dubatolovi

Agrisius dubatolovi is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It is found in Thailand.
# Artemisia stelleriana

Artemisia stelleriana is an Asian and North American species of plants in the sunflower family. It is native to China (Heixiazi Island in Heilongjiang Province), Japan, Korea, Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Kuril Islands, Yakutia, Kamchatka Peninsula), and the Aleutian Islands in the United States. The species is widely cultivated as an ornamental and naturalized in scattered locations in North America, primarily on coastal dunes and other sandy locations, as well as in Scandinavia. Common names include hoary mugwort, Dusty Miller, beach wormwood, and oldwoman.

## Description

The plants have pale-green to white leaves, which are covered on both surfaces with thick trichomes, giving a silver or whitish appearance. The yellow flowers grow in tall clusters and bloom from July to late August. The species thrives in dry and hot climates.

## Cultivars

A number of forms have been selected as garden cultivars. 'Boughton Silver' (aka 'Silver Brocade') is probably the best known cultivar. It is a prostrate form with prettily cut broad white leaves and was originally known as 'Mori's form'. English plantswoman Valerie Finnis (Lady Scott) was given this form by a Mr Mori during her honeymoon in Japan in 1970. It was distributed in UK mainly as 'Mori's form', but was also known as 'Boughton Silver' relating to her husband's garden at Boughton House, Northamptonshire. It was taken to Canada by Bruce McDonald and renamed 'Silver Brocade.'
'Nana' is a more erect (30 cm), but lax stemmed form with less deeply cut silverish leaves. It has been grown for many years in UK where it is used as a filler between other plants in the herbaceous border.
'Elsworth' is a taller (45 cm) more strongly erect stemmed form with more deeply cut silver leaves. It was selected by UK National Artemisia Collection Holder John Twibell c1990.
'Shemya' is a short form (30 cm) with silver green leaves, and was also selected by John Twibell c2013 This form was selected from seed originating from Shemya in the Aleutian Isles (Alaska, USA).
# Arc-voltaic

Arc Voltaic (in English: Electric Arc) was a Catalan poetry magazine published in the city of Barcelona.
Only one number of this magazine was published in February 1918. It was directed by Joan Salvat-Papasseit. The cover contains a drawing by the painter Joan Miró. Its authorization for the publication was done by Josep M. de Sucre. It was printed by “Art”, a company situated in Provenza Street in the city of Barcelona. The magazine cost forty five cents and it consisted in 8 pages in a format of 195-135mm. The poems are written in Catalan, Spanish and French.

## Theme and collaborators

This magazine had a subtitle which showed that its theme was the emotive poetry of avant-garde movement. The number consisted in only 8 pages and contained poems from Salvat-Papasseit, its director, and other authors like Emili Eroles, Joaquim Folguera, J. Torres Garcia and Antoni d'Ignacios. Moreover, it contained drawings from Joan Miró and Rafael Barradas. Arc Voltaic was very important in the diffusion of the avant-garde movement called Vibracionisme promoted by Rafael Barradas.
# 2021 Grand Prix de Fourmies

The 2021 Grand Prix de Fourmies was the 88th edition of the Grand Prix de Fourmies, a one-day road cycling race in and around Fourmies in northern France. This edition was the race's first in the UCI ProSeries; the 2020 edition was expected to feature in the inaugural UCI ProSeries but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was also the ninth event of the 2021 French Road Cycling Cup.

## Teams

Ten of the nineteen UCI WorldTeams, ten UCI ProTeams, and two UCI Continental teams made up the twenty-two teams that participated in the race. All but four teams fielded a full squad of seven riders; B&B Hotels p/b KTM, Bora–Hansgrohe, Sport Vlaanderen–Baloise, and Trek–Segafredo each entered six riders. In total, 150 riders started the race, of which 134 finished.
UCI WorldTeams
* AG2R Citroën Team
* Bora–Hansgrohe
* Cofidis
* Deceuninck–Quick-Step
* Groupama–FDJ
* Intermarché–Wanty–Gobert Matériaux
* Israel Start-Up Nation
* Lotto–Soudal
* Trek–Segafredo
* UAE Team Emirates
UCI ProTeams
* Alpecin–Fenix
* Arkéa–Samsic
* B&B Hotels p/b KTM
* Bingoal Pauwels Sauces WB
* Delko
* Sport Vlaanderen–Baloise
* Team Novo Nordisk
* Team TotalEnergies
* Uno-X Pro Cycling Team
* Vini Zabù
UCI Continental Teams
* St. Michel–Auber93
* Xelliss–Roubaix–Lille Métropole

## Result

Result :
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Elia Viviani (ITA) | Cofidis | 4h 23' 12" |
| 2 | Pascal Ackermann (GER) | Bora–Hansgrohe | + 0" |
| 3 | Fernando Gaviria (COL) | UAE Team Emirates | + 0" |
| 4 | Hugo Hofstetter (FRA) | Israel Start-Up Nation | + 0" |
| 5 | Gerben Thijssen (BEL) | Lotto–Soudal | + 0" |
| 6 | John Degenkolb (GER) | Lotto–Soudal | + 0" |
| 7 | Álvaro Hodeg (COL) | Deceuninck–Quick-Step | + 0" |
| 8 | Jason Tesson (FRA) | St. Michel–Auber93 | + 0" |
| 9 | Matis Louvel (FRA) | Arkéa–Samsic | + 0" |
| 10 | Baptiste Planckaert (BEL) | Intermarché–Wanty–Gobert Matériaux | + 0" |
# Bob Marley Museum

The Bob Marley Museum is a tourist attraction in Kingston, Jamaica, dedicated to the reggae musician Bob Marley. The museum is located at 56 Hope Road, Kingston, and is Bob Marley's former place of residence. It was home to the Tuff Gong reggae record label which was founded by The Wailers in 1970. In 1976, it was the site of a failed assassination attempt on Bob Marley. It was converted into a museum in 1986 by his wife, Rita Marley after his death.
The song "56 Hope Road" from the album In the Pursuit of Leisure by Sugar Ray featuring Shaggy is named in reference to the home.
# Archips insulanus

Archips insulanus is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Japan.
The wingspan is 13–16 mm for males and 17–21 mm for females.
The larvae feed on Arctium lappa.
# 3121 (disambiguation)

3121 is a studio album by Prince released in 2006.
It may also refer to:
* 3121 (number)
* 3121 Tamines, a minor planet
* The year 3121 BC
* 4th millennium for the year 3121
# 52nd Army (Soviet Union)

The 52nd Army was a field army of the Red Army of the Soviet Union in World War II, formed twice.

## History

It was created on 25 August 1941 from the headquarters of the 25th Rifle Corps and defended north of Novgorod. On 26 September 1941, the 52nd Army headquarters was used to form the 4th Army (II Formation). The 52nd Army headquarters was reestablished on 28 September 1941. In May 1943, the army was moved to control of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (Stavka Reserve). Stavka released the 52nd Army to subordination of the Steppe Front in July 1943, and the 52nd Army thereafter fought in Ukraine, southern Poland, southeastern Germany, and finally in northern Czechoslovakia.
The army took part in the following operations:
    1941
       Tikhvin Defensive Operation
    1942
       Tikhvin Offensive
       Lyuban Offensive Operation
    1943
       Chernigov-Poltava Offensive
       Cherkassy Offensive
    1944
       Kirovograd Offensive
       Korsun–Shevchenkovsky Offensive
       Uman–Botoșani Offensive
       Front cover of the 52nd Army newspaper issue of 17 June 1944Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive
    1945
       Sandomierz–Silesian Offensive
       Lower Silesian Offensive
       Berlin Offensive, (including the Battle of Bautzen)
       Prague Offensive
On 3 April 1945 the 52nd Army comprised the 7th Guards Mechanised Corps, the 48th Rifle Corps (116th and 294th Rifle Divisions), the 73rd Rifle Corps (50th, 111th and 254th Rifle Divisions) and the 78th Rifle Corps (31st, 214th and 373rd Rifle Divisions), the 213th Rifle Division, the 214th Tank Regiment, two artillery units, and service units.
At the beginning of the Battle of Bautzen, on April 21, 1945, the Germans drove in between the Polish 2nd Army and the 52nd Army around Bautzen, some 40 kilometers (25 mi) north-east of Dresden and 25 kilometers (16 mi) west of Görlitz, sweeping the Soviet units of the 48th Rifle Corps, and driving towards Spremberg. Major General M. K. Puteiko, commander of the 52nd Army's 254th Rifle Division of the 73rd Rifle Corps was mortally wounded around Bautzen. Subsequently, the 52nd Army took part in the advance on Prague with the 1st Ukrainian Front.
Postwar, the army was moved to Poland with its headquarters in Kraków. It soon moved to western Ukraine, with its headquarters at Drohobych. On 12 June 1946 the army was converted into the 8th Tank Army and its headquarters moved to Zhytomyr. The 48th and 78th Rifle Corps were disbanded, along with the 31st, 111th, 116th, 213th, 214th, and 373rd Rifle Divisions. The 73rd Rifle Corps was transferred to the 13th Army.

## Commanders

The army was commanded by the following generals.
* Aug 1941 to Jan 1942 - Nikolai Klykov
* Jan 1942 to Jul 1943 - Vsevolod Yakovlev
* Jul 1943 to June 1946 - Konstantin Koroteev
# Al Cohn's America

Al Cohn's America is a jazz album by saxophonist Al Cohn, recorded in 1976 for Xanadu Records.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow stated "Al Cohn's series of albums for Xanadu were among the happiest and most exciting of his career. Freed of his usual writing duties, Cohn sounds exuberant jamming through seven songs".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |

## Track listing

* "America the Beautiful" (Katherine Lee Bates, Samuel A. Ward) - 5:04
* "Night and Day" (Cole Porter) - 8:34
* "My Shining Hour" (Harold Arlen, Johnny Mercer) - 8:33
* "Bright" (Al Cohn) - 5:09
* "Skylark" (Hoagy Carmichael, Johnny Mercer) - 6:18
* "Woody'n You" (Dizzy Gillespie) - 5:54
* "Comin' Home" (Franz Jackson) - 6:06

## Personnel

* Al Cohn – sax
* Barry Harris – piano
* Sam Jones – Double Bass
* Leroy Williams – drums
# Aglais ladakensis

Aglais ladakensis (Ladakh tortoiseshell) is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in Asia.

## Description

Differs from Aglais caschmirensis with the forewing termen convex and not falcate and not produced between veins 5 and 6. Upperside colours and markings similar to and disposed as in Aglais rizana but the lower blackish discal spot or patch in forewing much broader, extended to the median vein joining the transverse band across the cell, joined also by a triangular patch at base of interspace 3 to the short band beyond the discocellulars; two small rounded spots in interspaces 2 and 3 respectively placed on a yellow band, as in N. rizana. Hindwing with the sub-terminal series of conical black spots larger, each centered with a large spot of blue.
Underside much paler than in either Aglais caschmirensis not so thickly studded with dark transverse short striae. Forewing: the cell with an ochraceous subbasal and a whitish median transverse broad band; beyond apex of cell a curved, broad, whitish, irregular, postdiscal band from costa to dorsum, and a short oblique preapical whitish mark.
Hindwing basal two-thirds dusky brown, outwardly margined by a sinuous jet-black line; both forewings and hindwings with the transverse series of triangular dark marks of the upperside showing through.
Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen as in Aglais caschmirensis.
Wingspan of 46–53 mm.

## Distribution

Northern Himalayan ranges, Ladakh, Tibet, Chitral; Nilang Pass beyond Mussoorie; Sikkim, Chumbi valley.
# Arthur Knight (rugby union)

Arthur Knight (26 January 1906 – 26 April 1990) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A loose forward, Knight represented Auckland at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, between 1926 and 1934. He played 14 matches for the All Blacks including one international.
# Arachis cardenasii

Arachis cardenasii is a herb in the Fabaceae family. This plant is cited as gene sources for research in plant biology of peanut (Arachis hypogaea); for example, Cercospora leaf spot resistance.
# Archips kellerianus

Archips kellerianus is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Yunnan and Sichuan, China.
The length of the forewings is 8–10 mm for males and 10–12 mm for females.
# 31st Combat Communications Squadron

The 31st Combat Communications Squadron (31 CBCS) was a United States Air Force combat communications squadron, located at Tinker AFB.

## History

Lineage. Constituted as 31 Communications Squadron, Command and activated on 7 Dec 1959. Organized on 1 Feb 1960. Inactivated on 1 Oct 1970. Disbanded on 15 Jun 1983. Reconstituted and redesignated as 31 Combat Communications Squadron on 15 Jul 1988. Activated on 22 Jul 1988. Assignments. Strategic Air Command, 7 Dec 1959; 1 Communications (later 1 Aerospace Communications) Group, Command, 1 Feb 1960 – 1 Oct 1970. 3 Combat Communications Group, 22 Jul 1988-. Stations. Offutt AFB, NE, 1 Feb 1960 – 1 Oct 1970. Tinker AFB, OK, 22 Jul 1988-.

## Assignments
### Major Command

* Air Force Space Command (???- ???)

### Wing/Group

* 3d Combat Communications Group (???-Present)

## Previous designations

* 31st Combat Communications Squadron (???-Present)

## Bases stationed

* Tinker AFB, Oklahoma (???-Present)

## Commanders

Lt. Col. William Uhrig (2009-2012) Lt. Co. Jeffery Katzman (2012-2013) Capt. Christopher Abbot (2013-Closure)

## Decorations

* Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
# 72nd Punjabis

The 72nd Punjabis were an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. They could trace their origins to 1759, when they were raised as the 16th Battalion Coast Sepoys.

## History

The regiment's first battle was the Battle of Sholinghur in 1781, during the Second Anglo-Mysore War. They were next involved in the Battle of Ava during the First Burmese War. During the Indian Mutiny of 1857, they were stationed in Hong Kong and Singapore. Their next action was during the Third Burmese War. With the defeat of King Thibaw Min, the regiment remained in Burma, being renamed the 2nd Burma Battalion in 1891. This transferral of six regiments of the Madras line to Burma Battalions was intended to provide permanent garrisons for the newly acquired territory. It was also part of a deliberate policy by General Sir Frederick Roberts to reduce the Madrasi element in the Indian Army and replace them with northern recruits from the Punjab. The title of the regiment subsequently underwent a number of changes but, as late as 1914, its regimental centre remained Mandalay.
During World War I, they were deployed along the North West Frontier with the 1st (Peshawar) Division to prevent incursions by the Afghan tribes, but they were later sent to Egypt and Palestine and took part in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign attached to the 75th Division.
After World War I, the Indian government reformed the army, moving from single battalion regiments to multi battalion regiments. In 1922, the 72nd Punjabis became the 3rd Battalion, 2nd Punjab Regiment. After independence, they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army.

## Predecessor names

* 16th Battalion Coast Sepoys - 1759
* 13th Carnatic Battalion - 1769
* 12th Carnatic Battalion - 1770
* 12th Madras Battalion - 1784
* 2nd Battalion, 8th Madras Native Infantry - 1796
* 12th Madras Native Infantry - 1824
* 2nd Burma Infantry - 1890
* 12th Regiment (2nd Burma Battalion) Madras Infantry - 1891
* 12th Burma Infantry - 1901
* 72nd Punjabis - 1903

## Composition

Recruited from Madrasis during its history prior to 1890, the regiment underwent substantial changes after that year. The senior Indian position of subadar-major was filled by a Sikh and the Madrasi rank and file were replaced by Pathans, Punjabis, Mussalmans and Sikhs. In 1903 the 12th lost its status as a Madras/Burma Infantry unit and was formally designated as a Punjabi regiment (see above).