OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alvord, Texas

Alvord is a town in Wise County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,351 in 2020.

## History

Originally known as Nina, Alvord adopted its present name in 1882 in honor of the president of the Fort Worth and Denver Railway. There is no connection with the Arizona bandit Burt Alvord. A post office was established in 1882. By 1890, Alvord was a retail center for area farmers. In 1925, Alvord had 1,376 residents (42 more than in 2010), a high school, an elementary school, four churches, and a weekly newspaper. The Burlington Northern Railroad stopped there.
The population dropped during the Great Depression because of a decline in watermelon farms and cattle ranches. In 1940, the population totaled 821, with 35 businesses; in 1960, 720 people and 19 businesses; in 1990, 865 residents and 16 businesses. In 2000, the population was 1,007, with 62 businesses.
* Ernest O. Thompson historical marker in his town of birth, Alvord, Texas
* The First Baptist Church at 205 Boling St. in Alvord, pastor Bill Cleveland (2013)

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km$^2$), all land.

## Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Alvord has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## Demographics

Alvord racial composition as of 2020 (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (NH) | 1,124 | 83.2% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 11 | 0.81% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 15 | 1.11% |
| Asian (NH) | 6 | 0.44% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 63 | 4.66% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 132 | 9.77% |
| Total | 1,351 | |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,351 people, 359 households, and 254 families residing in the town.

## Notable person

Texas Railroad Commissioner Ernest O. Thompson, who also served as a mayor of Amarillo and became an expert on petroleum issues, was born in Alvord in 1892.
# Association of Los Alamos Scientists

The Association of Los Alamos Scientists (ALAS) was founded on August 30, 1945, by a group of scientists, who had worked on the development of the atomic bomb at the Los Alamos Laboratory, a division of the Manhattan Project.

## Purpose

The purpose of the organization was "to promote the attainment and use of scientific and technological advances in the best interests of humanity", according to the manifesto, available in the archives of the University of Chicago. The scientists believed that they, "by virtue of their special knowledge, have, in certain spheres, special political and social responsibilities beyond their obligations as individual citizens". The association sought to carry out these responsibilities by keeping its members informed, "and by providing a forum through which their views can be publicly and authoritatively expressed".
The ALAS concentrated its activities principally in promoting international control of nuclear power and directing it to peaceful uses. Its members also attempted to promote responsible uses of science, and the freedom and integrity of scientists and scientific research.
The group sponsored public education on the nature and control of atomic energy through lectures, films, and exhibits, and the distribution of literature. It also attempted to influence public policy by means of informed statements to the press and correspondence with high government officials and congressmen.
# Anisolophia

Anisolophia is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Anisolophia cultrifera (White, 1855)
* Anisolophia glauca Melzer, 1934
# Anifrolumab

Anifrolumab, sold under the brand name Saphnelo, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. It binds to the type I interferon receptor, blocking the activity of type I interferons such as interferon-α and interferon-β.
Anifrolumab was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2021, and in the European Union in February 2022. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

## Mechanism of Action

In systemic lupus erythematosus, the body can produce a great amount of type 1 interferon, which activates the immune system excessively and creates problems for lupus patients. Anifrolumab acts to block IFN-1 from sending signals to other immune cells, which prevents the body from being attacked by itself.

## Adverse effects

The most common adverse effect was shingles, which occurred in 5% of patients in the low-dose group, to 10% in the high-dose group, and to 2% in the placebo group. Overall adverse effect rates were comparable in all groups.

## History

The drug was developed by MedImmune, a unit of AstraZeneca, which chose to move anifrolumab instead of sifalimumab into phase III trials for lupus in 2015.

## Society and culture
### Legal status

On 16 December 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Saphnelo, intended for the treatment of moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus. The applicant for this medicinal product is AstraZeneca AB. Anifrolumab was approved for medical use in the European Union in February 2022.

### Names

Anifrolumab is the international nonproprietary name (INN).
# 2016 in Glory of Heroes

Glory of Heroes by Wanmingyang Media was announced on February 18, 2016 The first Glory of Heroes event took place on April 2 in Shenzhen, China.

## List of events

| No. | Event | Date | Venue | City |
| 11 | Rise of Heroes 5 | December 17, 2016 | Jiangnan Gymnasium | Nanning, China |
| 10 | Conquest of Heroes | December 2 and 3, 2016 | Jiyuan Basketball Stadium | Jiyuan, Henan, China |
| 09 | Rise of Heroes 4: Europe VS China | November 19, 2016 | Salle Du Midi | Martigny, Switzerland |
| 08 | Rise of Heroes 3 | October 29, 2016 | Changji Gymnasium | Changji, Xinjiang, China |
| 07 | Rise of Heroes 2 | October 15, 2016 | Nanchang Institute of Technology Stadium | Zhangshu, Jiangxi, China |
| 06 | Glory of Heroes 5 | October 1, 2016 | Henan Province Sports Center Stadium | Zhengzhou, China |
| 05 | Rise of Heroes 1 | September 17, 2016 | Chaoyang Stadium | Chaoyang, Liaoning, China |
| 04 | Glory of Heroes 4 | August 6, 2016 | Changzhi Stadium | Changzhi, Shanxi, China |
| 03 | Glory of Heroes 3 | July 2, 2016 | Jiyuan Basketball Stadium | Jiyuan, Henan, China |
| 02 | Glory of Heroes 2 | May 7, 2016 | Bao'an Stadium | Shenzhen, China |
| 01 | Glory of Heroes 1 | April 2, 2016 | Bao'an Stadium | Shenzhen, China |

## Rise of Heroes 5

Rise of Heroes 5 was a kickboxing event held on December 17, 2016 at the Jiangnan Gymnasium in Nanning, China.

### Results
## Conquest of Heroes

Conquest of Heroes was a MMA event held on December 2 and 3, 2016 at the Jiyuan Basketball Stadium Jiyuan, Henan, China. January 15, 2017 every Sunday 21:50 Shenzhen Television broadcast.

### Results
## Rise of Heroes 4: Europe VS China

Rise of Heroes 4 was a kickboxing event held on November 19, 2016 at the Salle Du Midi in Martigny, Switzerland.

### Results
## Rise of Heroes 3

Rise of Heroes 3 was a kickboxing event held on October 29, 2016 at the Changji Gymnasium in Changji, Xinjiang, China.

### Results
## Rise of Heroes 2

Rise of Heroes 2 was a kickboxing event held on October 15, 2016 at the Nanchang Institute of Technology Stadium in Zhangshu, Jiangxi, China.

### Results
## Glory of Heroes 5

Glory of Heroes 5 was a kickboxing event held on October 1, 2016 at the Henan Province Sports Center Stadium in Zhengzhou, China.

### Results
## Rise of Heroes 1

Rise of Heroes 1 was a kickboxing event held on September 17, 2016 at the Chaoyang Stadium in Chaoyang, Liaoning, China.

### Results
## Glory of Heroes 4

Glory of Heroes 4 was a kickboxing event held on August 6, 2016 at the Changzhi Stadium in Changzhi, Shanxi, China.

### Results
## Glory of Heroes 3

Glory of Heroes 3 was a kickboxing event held on July 2, 2016 at the Jiyuan Basketball Stadium in Jiyuan, Henan, China.

### Results
## Glory of Heroes 2

Glory of Heroes 2 was a kickboxing event held on May 7, 2016 at the Bao'an Stadium in Shenzhen, China.

### Results
## Glory of Heroes 1

Glory of Heroes 1 was a kickboxing event held on April 2, 2016 at the Bao'an Stadium in Shenzhen, China.
# 2011 World Judo Championships – Women's team

The women's team competition of the 2011 World Judo Championships was held on August 28 at Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris. Each team consists of five competitors, one each from the –52, –57, –63, –70 and +70 kg categories.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| France | Japan | Germany Cuba |

## Results

| First Round | First Round | First Round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final |
| Germany | Germany | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| Australia | Australia | 1 | Germany | Germany | 2 | | | | | | |
| Tunisia | Tunisia | 0 | China | China | 3 | | | | | | |
| China | China | 5 | | | | France | France | 4 | | | |
| Brazil | Brazil | 1 | | | | China | China | 1 | | | |
| France | France | 4 | France | France | 5 | | | | | | |
| Algeria | Algeria | 3 | Algeria | Algeria | 0 | | | | | | |
| Colombia | Colombia | 2 | | | | | | | France | France | 4 |
| Japan | Japan | 5 | | | | | | | Japan | Japan | 1 |
| United Kingdom | United Kingdom | 0 | Japan | Japan | 3 | | | | | | |
| Spain | Spain | 1 | Cuba | Cuba | 2 | | | | | | |
| Cuba | Cuba | 4 | | | | Japan | Japan | 5 | | | |
| Turkey | Turkey | 1 | | | | South Korea | South Korea | 0 | | | |
| Russia | Russia | 4 | Russia | Russia | 2 | | | | | | |
| South Korea | South Korea | 3 | South Korea | South Korea | 3 | | | | | | |
| Mongolia | Mongolia | 2 | | | | | | | | | |

### Repechage

| Repechage | Repechage | Repechage | Third place | Third place | Third place |
| Germany | Germany | 4 | | | |
| Algeria | Algeria | 1 | Germany | Germany | 3 |
| | | | South Korea | South Korea | 2 |
| Repechage | Repechage | Repechage | Third place | Third place | Third place |
| Cuba | Cuba | 4 | | | |
| Russia | Russia | 1 | Cuba | Cuba | 3 |
| | | | China | China | 2 |
# Alvord, West Virginia

Alvord is an unincorporated community in Roane County, West Virginia, United States.
# Amanda Prantera

Amanda Prantera (born 23 April 1942) is a British novelist who has been living in Italy since the age of 20. She is the author of a number of novels which vary from metaphysical fantasies to contemporary thrillers set in her adopted home of Italy.

## Publications

* Strange Loop (1984)
* The Cabalist (1985)
* Conversations with Lord Byron on perversion, 163 years after His Lordship’s death (1986)
* The Side of the Moon (1991)
* Proto Zoë (1992)
* The Young Italians (1993)
* The Kingdom of Fanes (1995)
* Zoë Trope (1996)
* Letter to Lorenzo (1999)
* Don Giovanna (2000)
* Capri file (2001)
* Spoiler (2003)
* Sabine (2005)
* The Loft [Translator] (2011)
* Wolfsong (2012)
* Peter and the Egg (2013)
* Nowhere Ending Sky [Translator] (2013)
* Mohawk's Brood (2014)
# Amanda Purvis

Amanda Thompson (born January 12, 1990, Kennewick, Washington) is an American recurve archer from the United States. Her maiden name is Purvis and her former married named was Linde-Kaminski.
Born in Kennewick, Washington, she was coached by Terry Laney. In 2004, she qualified for a position on the Junior US World Team and competed in the Junior World Archery Championships in Lilleshall, England. In 2006, she was selected for USA Archery's Junior Dream Team. In 2006, she won a position on the Junior US World Team and competed in the Junior World Archery Championships in Merida, Mexico. In 2008, she was selected to be a Resident Athlete at the United States Olympic Training Center in Chula Vista, California.
In 2011, she married US Olympic archer Jake Kaminski and they later divorced in 2015.
Amanda is currently the Chief of Student Maid, owned by Kristen Hadeed and located in Gainesville, Florida. She currently lives in Portland, Oregon and works remotely. She married Cody Thompson in 2018.
Amanda has 5 sisters and 2 brothers. Her mother is Susan Sexton and her father is Wes Reinhardt.
Her and her husband live a vegan lifestyle.
# Amanita polypyramis

Amanita polypyramis is a species of Amanita found in the Eastern United States. It is a large, bone white mushroom with a chlorine-like odor. Its species name, polypyramis, refers to the pyramid-like warts on the surface of the pileus (cap).
Though listed in some sources as ranging from New Jersey, to Costa Rica in Central America, the species has been found as far north as New England, concentrated largely in Cape Cod.
# 1540 Kevola

1540 Kevola, provisional designation 1938 WK, is a dark background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 42 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 November 1938, by astronomer Liisi Oterma at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, Finland. The asteroid was named after the Finnish Kevola Observatory.

## Orbit and classification

Kevola is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.6–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,758 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.
The body's observation arc begins with its first identification as 1926 GT at Heidelberg Observatory in April 1926, more than 12 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for the Finnish Kevola Observatory (064). The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3930).

## Physical characteristics

Kevola is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In February 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Kevola was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 20.082 hours with a brightness variation of 0.23 magnitude (U=3-). Another lightcurve obtained by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in October 2010, gave a concurring period of 20.071 hours with an amplitude of 0.33 magnitude (U=2).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kevola measures between 37.12 and 44.18 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0433 and 0.06.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0474 and a diameter of 44.22 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.7.
# Amblychia infoveata

Amblychia infoveata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra.
# 1886 Bulgarian Constitutional Assembly election

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Bulgaria in 1886. The body known as the Grand National Assembly (Bulgaria: Велико народно събрание - Veliko Narodno Subranie) was convened for a third time in order to elect a new prince following the abdication of Alexander I. The assembly was composed of 493 representatives and convened on 19 October 1886. It then dissolved itself on 3 August 1887, having elected Ferdinand Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as the new prince of Bulgaria.
# 1622 in France

Events from the year 1622 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Louis XIII

## Events

* April 16 – Huguenot rebellions: Blockade of La Rochelle ends in royal victory.
* May – Huguenot rebellions: siege of Royan – The Huguenot city of Royan is taken by royal forces after a 6-day siege.
* June 11 – Huguenot rebellions: siege of Nègrepelisse – The Huguenot city of Nègrepelisse is taken by royal forces after a short siege by royal forces; the entire population is subsequently massacred and the city burned to the ground.
* July 22 – Huguenot rebellions: siege of Montpellier begins.
* October 18 – Treaty of Montpellier signed, ending the siege of Montpellier and the first of the Huguenot rebellions.
* October 27 – Huguenot rebellions: The inconclusive Naval battle of Saint-Martin-de-Ré is fought between the Huguenot fleet of La Rochelle, commanded by Jean Guiton, and a royal fleet under the command of Charles, Duke of Guise.
* Compagnie Ordinaire de la Mer established by Cardinal Richelieu.
* Musketeers of the Guard established.
* "Rosicrucianism furor" breaks out in Paris.

## Births

* January 15 (bapt.) – Molière, born Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, playwright (died 1673)
* January 28 – Adrien Auzout, astronomer (died 1691)
* February 18 – Thomas Regnaudin, sculptor (died 1706)
* May 9 – Jean Pecquet, anatomist (died 1674)
* May 22 – Louis de Buade de Frontenac, Governor of New France (died 1698)
* June 6 – Claude-Jean Allouez, Jesuit missionary and explorer of North America (died 1689)
* September 22 – Jacques Savary, merchant and economist (died 1690)

## Deaths

* January 9 – Alix Le Clerc, canoness regular, foundress and blessed (born 1576)
* April 14 – Antoine de Gaudier, Jesuit theologian (born 1572)
* September 7 – Denis Godefroy, lawyer (born 1549)
* September 14 – Alof de Wignacourt, 54th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (born 1547)
* November 17 – Pierre Biard, settler, Jesuit missionary (born 1567)
* December 28 – Francis de Sales, Catholic Bishop of Geneva (born 1567 in the Duchy of Savoy)
* Dominique Barrière, painter and engraver (died 1678)
# 1861 in rail transport

This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1861.

## Events
### February events

* February 22 – Passenger service began on Strasburg Rail Road with a visit from Abraham Lincoln.

### April events

* April 1 – Budapest Déli station opens as the Buda terminal of the line to Fiume.
* April – Nathaniel Marsh succeeds Samuel Marsh as president of the Erie Railroad.

### May events

* May 13 – Line opened between Karachi and Kochi (169 km (105 mi)) on 5 ft 6in (1676 mm) gauge, the first railway in modern-day Pakistan.
* May 24 – The Great Train Raid of 1861 is conducted by Stonewall Jackson.

### June events

* June 16 – Battle of Vienna, Virginia, is the first time in history a railroad is used tactically in battle.
* June – Opening of first section of rail line in Paraguay, under the auspices of Presidente Carlos Antonio López, with mainly British engineering, 4 km (2.5 mi) from Asunción to Trinidad on the Iberian gauge of 1,672 mm (5 ft 5+13⁄16 in). Regular services to Paraguarí begin on September 21 and on December 25 the line is extended to the city of Luque.

### July events

* July 21 – Railroad transport of Confederate States of America troops delivers decisive reinforcements providing victory in the First Battle of Bull Run.

### August events

* August 6 – An Act is passed to authorize the construction of the Blane Valley Railway in Scotland.

### September events

* September 4 – The Staten Island Railway is placed into receivership with William Henry Vanderbilt as receiver.

### December events

* December 25 – Opening of first rail line in Latvia, between Riga and Dinaburg (Daugavpils), 230 km (140 mi) on the Imperial Russian gauge of 1,524 mm (5 ft).

### Unknown date events

* Jean-Jacques Meyer patents the Meyer locomotive.
* Jackson and Woodin Manufacturing Company in Berwick, Pennsylvania, later to become part of American Car and Foundry, begins manufacturing railroad infrastructure parts.

## Births
### January births

* January 28 – Daniel Willard, president of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 1910–1941 (d. 1942).

### April births

* April 26 – Zhan Tianyou, Chief Engineer responsible for construction of the Imperial Peking-Kalgan Railway, the first railway constructed in China without foreign assistance (d. 1919).

### June births

* June 8 – Karl Gölsdorf, Austrian steam locomotive designer (d. 1916).

### November births

* November 2 - Oliver Robert Hawke Bury, Chief mechanical engineer and manager of Great Western Railway of Brazil 1892–1894, general manager of the Great Northern Railway (GNR) in England 1902–1912, Director of the GNR 1912–22 and of the London and North Eastern Railway 1923–1945 (d. 1946).

## Deaths
### October deaths

* October 13 – Sir William Cubitt, civil engineer on the South Eastern and Great Northern Railways of England (d. 1861).
# Amedeo Felisa

Amedeo Felisa (born 1946) is an Italian businessman and automotive industry executive. He was chief executive (CEO) of Aston Martin from May 2022 to September 2024 and CEO of Ferrari from 2008 to 2016.
Felisa was born in Milan in 1946. He earned a degree in mechanical engineering from the Polytechnic University of Milan.
Felisa was CEO of Ferrari from 2008 to 2016 when it was a Fiat subsidiary.
In May 2022, Aston Martin announced that Tobias Moers was stepping down as CEO with immediate effect, and that Felisa would succeed him.
# Am Dobrock

Am Dobrock is a former Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the confluence of the rivers Oste and Elbe, approx. 25 km east of Cuxhaven, and 15 km south of Brunsbüttel. Its seat is in the village Cadenberge. On 1 November 2016 it was merged into the Samtgemeinde Land Hadeln.
The Samtgemeinde Am Dobrock consisted of the following municipalities:
* Belum
* Bülkau
* Cadenberge
* Geversdorf
* Neuhaus (Oste)
* Oberndorf
* Wingst
# 1867 in Australian literature

This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1867.

## Books

* Charles de Boos – Fifty Years Ago : An Australian Tale
* Maud Jeanne Franc – Golden Gifts : An Australian Tale
* Catherine Helen Spence – The Author's Daughter (aka Hugh Lindsay's Guest)

## Short stories

* Mary Fortune
** "The Illumined Grave"
** "The White Maniac : A Doctor's Tale"
* Henry Kingsley – "The Two Cadets"

## Poetry

* Adam Lindsay Gordon
** Ashtaroth : A Dramatic Lyric
** Sea Spray and Smoke Drift
* Charles Harpur – "Obituary Lines"
* Henry Kendall
** "Bell-Birds"
** "Coogee"
** "Illa Creek"
** "The Warrigal"
* Clarinda Parkes – Poems

## Births

A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1867 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.
* 24 February – Jennings Carmichael, poet (died 1904)
* 2 March — Louis Lavater, composer and author (died 1953)
* 17 June – Henry Lawson, poet and short story writer (died 1922)
* 21 August – Lilian Turner, novelist (died 1956)
* 13 October – Guy Boothby, novelist (died 1905)
* 26 November – Roderic Quinn, poet and short story writer (died 1949)

## Deaths

A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1867 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.
Unknown date
* Charlotte Barton, author of Australia's earliest known children's book (born 1797)