OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ahmed Badawi

Ahmed Badawi Sayyid Ahmed (Arabic: أحمد بدوي سيد أحمد) was an Egyptian Field Marshal (Mushir) and the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces.

## Early life

Ahmed Badawy was born in the coastal city of Alexandria in 1927. He studied commerce at Alexandria University where he obtained his bachelor's degree, he then traveled to Moscow on a scholarship to the M. V. Frunze Military Academy.

## Career

He became a senior lecturer at the military academy in 1958 but then he was fired from the military service in 1967. President Anwar El-Sadat then asked him to return to military service at the same time as he became a lecturer at Ain Shams University. As a brigadier general, he commanded the 7th Infantry Division during the Yom Kippur War, and after the Third Army became encircled, was placed in command of the cut-off force. The isolated part of the army was made up of the 7th and 19th Infantry Divisions, plus two independent armoured brigades, on the east bank, and a mixture of units in Suez city itself.
He became the commander of the Training Institute of the Armed Forces and was then promoted to become the Chief of the General Staff of the Egyptian Armed Forces.
On 14 May 1980, Anwar El-Sadat made him the Minister of Defence and Military Production.

## Death

A few months after becoming in charge of the ministry of defence, Ahmed Badawy died, along with 13 senior officers, in a helicopter crash on 2 March 1981.
# Agenda 2000

Agenda 2000 was an action programme of the European Union whose main objectives were to reform the Common Agricultural Policy and Regional policy, and establish a new financial framework for the years 2000–06 with a view to the then upcoming Eastern Enlargement of the European Union.

## History

Agenda 2000 was developed in response to a December 1995 request by the Madrid European Council for an analysis of what enlargement would mean for the EU, as ten countries — Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Cyprus, and Malta — would join. The report was presented in July 1997. Its stated goals were:
* "to update the European Model of Agriculture"
* "to narrow the gaps in wealth and economic prospects between regions"
* "to honour priorities while enjoying only very modest increases in budget income until 2006"
The reforms in Agenda 2000 divided the CAP into two 'Pillars': production support and rural development. Building on the 1992 MacSharry reforms to the CAP, Agenda 2000 proposed to further reduce the prices of cereal, arable crops, milk, and beef, increasing direct payments to farmers to compensate.
Agenda 2000 was adopted by European Council in Berlin in March 1999, albeit with substantial changes to its agricultural reforms. The Agenda 2000 reforms began late in the summit, as NATO's decision to launch air strikes on Serbia overshadowed the agenda, and were intensely debated by member-states. In particular, Jacques Chirac opposed further cuts to farm subsidies.
# Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Fakhry

Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Fakhry (1863–1926) is an Iraqi writer and poet from Mosul.
He is the son of Al-Sayed Mahmoud, and the grandson of Al-Sayed Muhammad Amin Al-Fakhry. He was born in Mosul and was educated by Abdul-Wahab Al-Jawadi, and was trained in interpreting and speech by him. He then studied under his father, Mahmoud Al-Fakhry, and was trained in the statement and performances.
He was appointed a judge in Mosul in 1918, a Minister of Justice at the Jaafar Al-Askari Ministry and a member of the Constituent Assembly in 1924 until his death.
He has a collection of poetry manuscript in the possession of Hussein Qassem Al-Fakhry, and Mir Basri mentioned that his scattered poetry was collected by the writer Al-Sayyid Ali Al-Alawi; it reached 2420 lines of poetry.
# Agnes Lyle

Agnes Lyle or Agnes Lile (1700s – 1800s) was a British ballad singer who lived in Kilbarchan in Renfrewshire. Her songs which she had learnt from her father were transcribed by William Motherwell and published by Francis James Child.

## Life

Lyle was born to a weaver who lived from about 1731 to about 1811. His name is unknown and Lyle's birth date is only estimated to be about 1775. She is only known because in 1825 she met William Motherwell several times. Motherwell was gathering ballads and he met several Scottish women but Lyle was his best source. She supplied 22 songs and in some cases she gave him the tune and the words. Lyle's neighbours in Kilbarchan supplied other songs. She told Motherwell that she had obtained the songs she sang him from her father.
She sang songs of love triangles and patriotic songs but she was said to be cynical about their themes. However when she sang the lyrics of Sheath and Knife she was moved to tears. The song involves the incestual relationship of a brother and sister. The song was later recorded by Maddy Prior.

## Legacy

Her songs came to wider notice when Motherwell's gatherings were included in Harvard Professor Francis James Child's publication, English and Scottish Popular Ballads, 1882–98.
In 1978 her ballads were republished by Indiana University.
# Air Patrol

Air Patrol may refer to:

## Films

* Air Patrol (film), a 1962 American drama film
* The Air Patrol, a 1928 American drama film

## Military

* Combat air patrol, a type of military flying mission
* Civil Air Patrol, the civilian auxiliary for the United States Air Force
* Air Patrol Squadron 2 (JMSDF), a unit in the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force
* Air Patrol Squadron 3 (JMSDF), a unit in the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force
# Air Patrol Squadron 2 (JMSDF)

Air Patrol Squadron 2 (第2航空隊, dai-ni-sankoukuutai) (also referred to as VP-2 or Fleet Air Squadron 2) is a unit of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force. It is a part of Fleet Air Wing 4 and is based at JMSDF Hachinohe Air Base in Aomori Prefecture. It is equipped with Lockheed P-3C Orion aircraft.

## Squadron structure

The squadron comprises two flights, both equipped with P-3 aircraft:
* 21st flight
* 22nd flight

## Aircraft used

* Grumman TBF Avenger (1957-1958)
* Lockheed P-2V-7 Neptune (1958-?)
* Lockheed P-2J (1971-?)
* Lockheed P-3C Orion (1986-)
# Airplane scatter

Airplane scattering (or most often reflection) refers to the reflection of a radio signal by the metal structure of a passing aircraft. It is observed on radio waves from high frequency to VHF through to microwaves and, besides back-scattering, yields momentary propagation up to 800 kilometers (500 miles) even in mountainous terrain. The most common back-scatter applications are air-traffic radar, bistatic forward-scatter guided-missile and airplane-detecting trip-wire radar, and the US space radar.
It is also a less common propagation mode used by radio amateurs.

## History

Airplane scatter itself had been discovered in 1930, but radio amateur usage lagged until the late 80s. The advent of inexpensive SDR based and distributed real time flight tracking enabled precise scheduling, increasing feasibility.

## Radio amateur usage

Compared to a single trail of meteor scatter, the time of opening caused by a single airplane is longer – it can be from 30 seconds up to a few minutes. Slight asymmetry can sometimes be encountered both in terms of exact timing and the gain of the path.
Range and possible contact lengths are affected by the size of the plane, flight level and the approximate crossing time of the central part of the straight line between the two communicating stations.
Both the onset and decay of the channel is rapid, so to improve success rate, a short contact procedure is used.
Contact opportunities can be predicted based on the precise flight paths of surrounding planes. There exists software for prediction using local (Mode S and ADS-B) or online sources.
Microwave access using high gain antennas needs to consider precise aiming that takes into account elevation angles as well.
# Air Spy

Air Spy is a 1939 Australian radio serial starring Arundel Nixon and Ronald Morse. It was one of the first Australian radio dramas to expressly reference World War Two. It debuted on 12 December 1939.
The show was popular and was repeated in 1943.

## Premise

An Englishman and Australian are trapped in Nazi Germany.

## Cast

* Arundel Nixon
* Ronald Morse
* Queenie Ashton
* Ron Randell

## Reception

Wireless Weekly sid Nixon and Morse were "two perfectly good reasens for listening to any radio play, however melodramatic" although the critic thought it was strange the English Nixon played an Australian while the Australian Morse played an Englishman.
# Air Europe (Italy)

Air Europe was an Italian airline based at Milan Malpensa Airport, Italy. It was, at the time of closure, part of the Alitalia group.
Air Europe suspended operations in December 2008 after Compagnia Aerea Italiana (which was going to take over as the new Alitalia) decided to close down the Air Europe brand. The airline at one time was a subsidiary of the Volare Group which had its head office in Thiene, Italy, and its commercial management and charter management in Milan.

## History

The airline was established in 1989 and started operations on 19 December 1989. It started as part of the Airlines of Europe Group based in the United Kingdom, but became wholly Italian owned in 1991. In December 1997, it inaugurated its first scheduled flight to Havana, Cuba.
It eventually became a subsidiary of Volare Airlines. With this partnership, Air Europe became a major domestic and international airline, operating Airbus A320, Boeing 737, Boeing 757, Boeing 767 and Boeing 777 aircraft.
In 2004, Volare Group S.p.A. (the holding that controlled Air Europe S.p.A. and Volare Airlines S.p.A.) went bankrupt and was put up for sale by the Italian government in December 2004. Alitalia's offer for 38 million euros was the winning bid, but Air One tried to block the sale for various reasons by going to court — this happened five times and, in fact, so many obstacles were placed in front of Alitalia's acquisition of the group (including Alitalia's financial difficulties), that the affair was considered like a soap-opera by the Italians.
In the end, Air One was unsuccessful but Alitalia had to create Volare S.p.A. (also known as Volareweb.com) in order to take over the then Volare "Group" S.p.A. Finally, in May 2006, the former Volare Group employees were transferred to Volare S.p.A. and Air Europe S.p.A.
By 1 January 2008, the airline (Air Europe) was considered an integral part of the Alitalia Group. That year Alitalia used it for long-haul leisure destinations such as Mauritius.
In September 2008, Compagnia Aerea Italiana (CAI) made an offer to buy Alitalia, to save it from the bankruptcy to which it too was destined, and, on 12 December 2008, the offer was accepted. As a part of the re-branding, CAI decided that it was going to close Air Europe as there was no longer a need for it. As a partner for leisure long-haul operations, it is possible that the "new" Alitalia will use Air Italy, an airline with which Alitalia already has some agreements.

## Destinations

Air Europe served the following destinations at the time of closure:
* Cuba
** Havana – José Martí International Airport
* Italy
** Milan – Milan Malpensa Airport (Hub)
** Rome – Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport (Secondary hub)
* Jamaica
** Montego Bay – Sangster International Airport (via Havana)
* Mauritius
** Port Louis – Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport
* Mexico
** Cancún – Cancún International Airport (via Havana)

## Fleet

Air Europe operated the following aircraft throughout its existence:
# Airport (1993 film)

Airport is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed by Joshi and written by S. N. Swamy. The film stars Sathyaraj, Gautami and M. G. Soman. Unlike most Indian films of that time and genre, it has no songs. The film, released on 9 December 1993, received critical acclaim but underperformed at the box office.

## Plot

Captain Arjun is a pilot, who works in Indian Airlines, but only flies government planes. Once, a Union Minister calls him and tells him that his daughter, who has gone on a tour to the Pakistan border along with her friends, has been kidnapped by terrorists. The Minister asks him to bring his daughter safely, and Sathyaraj agrees to it. He flies a private helicopter to the border to bring her back, and he succeeds. Actually, the girl and her friends are terrorists whose mission is to kill the prime minister, which is the minister's master plan. One of the terrorists unknowingly leaves his passport in the helicopter. This is noticed, and Sathyaraj is arrested by Varma the police officer, since he took the helicopter in his name to transport the terrorists. Sathyaraj's widowed mother and his sister are tortured by the police. Nassar files a case on Sathyaraj for terrorist activity and weapons handling.
Sathyaraj is arrested, spends time in jail and is released after two years. Once, while chasing the minister's henchman in the streets of Delhi, he finds his sister, who was missing after his arrest two years earlier. He learns about his mother's death from Varma, the police officer. Finally, Sathyaraj plans to expose the minister to the public red handed, with the help of Jaishankar, the police I.G. But the situation worsens when the Minister takes Meenu and Captain Arjun's sister as hostages. Finally, Sathyaraj fights and kills the minister and his henchmen in a fight in the desert. The movie ends with Sathyaraj returning as a commercial pilot. They live happily ever after.

## Cast

* Sathyaraj as Captain Arjun
* Gautami as Meenu
* M. G. Soman as Senior Minister Krishnamoorthy
* Jaishankar
* Nassar as Varma
* Charle
* Sumithra
* Suchitra as Uma
* Yuvasri
* Ponnambalam
* Thalapathy Dinesh
* Ajay Ratnam
* Babu Antony
* Lalu Alex
* Ajith Kollam
* Jagannatha Varma as PM
* Vijay Menon as Vijay Menon
* Raja Krishnamurthy
* Appa Haja

## Reception

Malini Mannath of The Indian Express wrote, "Joshi's [..] treatment is skillful. [sic] The script is taut and imaginative." K. Vijiyan of New Straits Times wrote, "Airport could have been a big hit if it had better music, a little comedy and better photography". R. P. R. of Kalki criticised the logical mistakes in the film and panned the story as cliched but praised the film for not having songs and concluded by mockingly giving deepest sympathies to Malayalam Joshi, and the second sympathies to fans.
# 1963 Men's European Volleyball Championship

The 1963 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the sixth edition of the event, organized by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in various cities in Romania from October 21 to November 2, 1963, with the final taking place in Bucharest.

## Teams

* Austria
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Czechoslovakia
* Denmark
* Finland
* France
* East Germany
* West Germany
* Italy
* Yugoslavia
* Netherlands
* Poland
* Romania
* Turkey
* Hungary
* Soviet Union

## Final ranking

| Place | Team |
| | Romania |
| | Hungary |
| | Soviet Union |
| 4. | Bulgaria |
| 5. | Czechoslovakia |
| 6. | Poland |
| 7. | Yugoslavia |
| 8. | France |
| 9. | East Germany |
| 10. | Italy |
| 11. | Turkey |
| 12. | Netherlands |
| 13. | Belgium |
| 14. | Finland |
| 15. | West Germany |
| 16. | Austria |
| 17. | Denmark |
* 1963 Men's European champions
* Romania First title
# 115 Battalion

115 South African Infantry Battalion was a motorised infantry unit of the South African Army.

## History
### Origin of the black battalions

In the late 1970s the South African government had abandoned its opposition to arming black soldiers.
By early 1979, the government approved a plan to form a number of regional African battalions, each with a particular ethnic identity, which would either serve in their homelands or under regional SADF commands. This led to the formation of 115 Battalion for the Ndebele and the planned KwaNdebele homeland in 1984.

### Development of the KwaNdebele Defence Force

115 Battalion was raised in 1985 and initially based on the farm named Shenandoah near Siyabuswa (The intended capital of KwaNdebele), part of the then Eastern Transvaal. Troops for 115 SA Battalion were recruited from the self-governing territory of KwaNdebele. The Battalion was intended to form the beginning of an armed forces for this homeland, but weak local support for independence from South Africa eventually halted the idea.

### 115 redesignated as a SAI

115 Battalion therefore remained a SADF unit and resorted under the command of Group 15 from Pretoria.

### Disbandment

115 SAI Battalion disbandment process start around 2000 and some members were assimilated into the new SANDF.
Within the motorised environment was also Specialised Infantry Capability Composite Company named Sierra, boasting Equistrian, Motorcycle and Canine platoon, which was assimilated and centralised at Potchefstroom's 12 SAI Bn.
Other leadership grouping and members formed part of the grouping that resuscitated VIP Protection as well as guards of honour and hence the Establishment or Renaming of this grouping and unit that is now known as National Ceremonial Guards.
And the rest were reposted within other units under command of SA Army HQ as well as SAAF's Air Force Gymnasium.

## Insignia

115 Battalion's badge was initially designed for its role in the KwaNdebele Defence Force. The axes and otter are symbols of the Ndebele people. The redesigned 115 SAI Battalion badge however removed any direct connotation to the Ndebele tribe and was opened up as a multi-ethnic unit while the South African Infantry colours was introduced.
It's "Kuvuswa Ezivusako" not Kumuswa.
# Akheem Mesidor

Akheem Mesidor (born April 5, 2001) is a Canadian-born college football defensive lineman for the Miami Hurricanes. He previously played at West Virginia.

## Early life and high school

Mesidor grew up Ottawa, Ontario, and began playing gridiron football with the North Gloucester Giants of the National Capital Amateur Football Association. He attended several high schools in the Ottawa area and Royal Imperial Collegiate of Canada in St. Catharines. Mesidor transferred to Clearwater Academy International in Clearwater, Florida before his senior year. Mesidor was rated a three-star recruit and committed to play college football at West Virginia over offers from UCLA, Georgia Tech, Syracuse, and Pittsburgh.

## College career

Mesidor began his college career at West Virginia. He played both defensive end and defensive tackle during his true freshman season and was named second team All-Big 12 Conference after recording 32 tackles, 6.5 tackles for loss, and five sacks. Mesidor moved nose tackle entering his second season. He finished the season with 38 tackles, eight tackles for loss, and 4.5 sacks. After the season, Mesidor entered the NCAA transfer portal.
Mesidor ultimately transferred to Miami over offers from USC, Auburn, and Tennessee. He was named a starter on the Hurricanes' defensive line despite not participating in the team's spring practices.
# (The EP)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Punknews.org | |
(the ep) is an EP, the third release by Mike Kinsella under the name Owen. It was released on May 4, 2004, on Polyvinyl Records. On April 17, 2004, "In the Morning, Before Work" was made available for download.

## Guest musicians

* Cale Parks on vibraphone
* Bob Hoffnar on pedal steel
* Jen Tabor on cello and violin
* Paul Koob on vioobrophone [sic] (vibraphone) and violoncello

## Vinyl pressing

In addition to being released on by Polyvinyl Records, it was also pressed on translucent yellow vinyl by Mi Amante Records.
# Ari Gold

Ari Gold may refer to:
* Ari Gold (filmmaker) (born 1970), American filmmaker, actor, and musician
* Ari Gold (musician) (1974–2021), American singer, and the title of his 2001 album
* Ari Gold (Entourage), a fictional character in the HBO comedy Entourage
# Acta Chimica Slovenica

Acta Chimica Slovenica is a quarterly scientific journal of chemistry. It comprises two parts: The first part contains peer-reviewed scientific and expert articles from the various fields of chemistry, written in English and accompanied by abstracts in Slovene. The second part, written in Slovene, contains societal news: lists of newly conferred academic degrees, reports on the work of the sections of the Slovenian Chemical Society, expert articles and book reviews, and news on conferences and other meetings.
The journal and the articles published since 1998 are also available online. The journal was established in 1954 as Vestnik Slovenskega kemijskega društva and obtained its current name in 1993.
According to SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), the journal h-index is 49, ranking it to Q3 in Chemistry (miscellaneous).
# Allan Davis

Allan Davis may refer to:
* Allan Davis (cyclist) (born 1980), Australian road racing cyclist
* Allan Davis (director) (1913–2001), British-Australian actor, director and producer
* Allan Davis (footballer) (born 1948), Australian rules footballer
* Allan Davis (lord mayor) (1921–1994), Lord Mayor of London
# All the Notes

All the Notes is a live album by pianist Cecil Taylor. It was recorded at the Ted Mann Concert Hall in Minneapolis, Minnesota in February 2000, and was released in 2004 by Cadence Jazz Records. On the album, Taylor is joined by bassist Dominic Duval, and drummer Jackson Krall.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In a review for AllMusic, Scott Yanow wrote: "the performance consists of three improvisations... that have Taylor in mostly thunderous form, leavened by a few brief lyrical moments. Bassist Dominic Duval and drummer Jackson Krall do their best to keep up with Taylor but there is no doubt who the leader is. Taylor's remarkable technique and endurance are in evidence, as is his ability to build on the most abstract ideas and somehow have it all make musical sense. Taylor's followers will enjoy the music while those whose ears are not open to the pianist's very advanced improvising are advised to explore some of his earlier recordings first"

## Track listing

* "Improvisation I" – 37:04
* "Improvisation II" – 29:51
* "Improvisation III" – 7:14

## Personnel

* Cecil Taylor – piano, vocals
* Dominic Duval – bass
* Jackson Krall – drums
# All Saints Cathedral, Mbabane

All Saints Cathedral is a religious building that is affiliated with the Anglican Church of South Africa and is located at Fiddes Street in the city of Mbabane the capital and largest city in Eswatini. It was extended in 1993.
# 't Fornuis

't Fornuis is a restaurant located in the Reynderstraat in Antwerp, Belgium. It is a quality restaurant that has been awarded one Michelin star from 1986 to present. Gault Millau gave them 17 out of 20 points.
The kitchen style is classic French and classic Belgian.
The head chef believes in working with fresh products. That means that there is no traditional menu, but a blackboard with that day's specials. These specials depend on the daily deliveries and the season.
Owner and head chef of 't Fornuis is Johan Segers [nl].
# 08

08 may refer to:
* The year 2008, or any year ending with 08
* The month of August
* 8 (number)
* 08, the telephone area code for Stockholm
* 08, the number of the French department Ardennes
* 08, the area code for Oulu, Finland
* The telephone area code for South Australia, Western Australia and Northern Territory
* Lynk & Co 08, a mid-size crossover SUV
# Almost Never

Almost Never may refer to:
* Almost Never (album), a 1992 album by Biota
* Almost Never (TV series), a British musical dramedy series
* Almost never, a term of probability theory
# 100 series

100 series may refer to:

## Japanese train types

* 100 Series Shinkansen, a Japanese Shinkansen high-speed train type
* Choshi Electric Railway 100 series electric multiple unit
* Keisei AE100 series electric multiple unit
* KiHa 100 series diesel multiple unit
* Meitetsu 100 series electric multiple unit
* Tobu 100 series Spacia electric multiple unit

## Other

* 100-series highways (Nova Scotia), a series of arterial highways in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia
* Lenovo IdeaPad 100, a discontinued brand of notebook computers
* GeForce 100 series graphics proccesing units produced by Nvidia