OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alpha Volantis

Alpha Volantis (Alpha Vol), Latinized from α Volantis, is a binary star system located in the southern constellation Volans. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +4.00, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements made with the Hipparcos spacecraft, it is located at a distance of 125 light years from the Sun. As of 2010, the two components of this system had an angular separation of 0.0318″ along a position angle of 286.9°. The magnitude difference between the two components is 0.1. It is considered a member of the Sirius supercluster.
The primary component is an Am star with a stellar classification of kA3hA5mA5 V. This notation indicates the star has the weak calcium II K-line of an A3 star, and the hydrogen and metallic lines of an A5 star. It has an estimated age of 427 million years. In 1992, it was found to be emitting an infrared excess, suggesting the presence of a circumstellar disk of dust. However, subsequent observations have not confirmed this.
# 1948 VFL thirds season

The 1948 VFL thirds season was the 3rd season of the VFL thirds, the Australian rules football competition operating as the junior competition to the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Carlton won their first thirds premiership, defeating minor premiers Essendon by 10 points.
This was the first season contested by Footscray. At the end of the season, North Essendon left the competition and were replaced by TAA, a team representing Trans Australia Airlines.

## Ladder

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | D | PP | Pts |
| 1 | Essendon | 17 | 16 | 0 | 1 | 229.8 | 66 |
| 2 | Geelong | 17 | 15 | 2 | 0 | 207.3 | 60 |
| 3 | Carlton (P) | 17 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 230.4 | 56 |
| 4 | Richmond | 17 | 12 | 5 | 0 | 155.6 | 48 |
| 5 | Melbourne | 17 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 154.9 | 36 |
| 6 | Footscray | 17 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 81.4 | 36 |
| 7 | South Melbourne | 17 | 7 | 10 | 0 | 94.9 | 28 |
| 8 | Fitzroy | 17 | 7 | 10 | 0 | 73.2 | 28 |
| 9 | Hawthorn | 17 | 5 | 11 | 1 | 72.2 | 22 |
| 10 | North Melbourne | 17 | 4 | 3 | 0 | | 16 |
| 11 | North Essendon | 17 | 2 | 15 | 0 | 28.6 | 8 |
| 12 | St Kilda | 17 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 29.6 | 4 |

## Finals series
### Grand final

| | Grand final | Grand final | Grand final | |
| Saturday, 11 September | Carlton 6.10 (46) | def. | Essendon 5.6 (36) | Arden Street Oval |
# Bantle

Bantle is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Ernst Bantle (1901 – 1978), a German football player
* Louis F. Bantle (1928 – 2010), an American businessman
* Nadezhda Bantle (1851 – 1934), a Belarusian physician
# Bixby

Bixby may refer to:

## People

* Bixby (surname)
* Bixby family, a prominent southern California family
* Bixby, character in Dominion (TV series)

## Places

* Bixby, Minnesota, an unincorporated community
* Bixby, Missouri, an unincorporated community
* Bixby, Oklahoma, a city
* Bixby, South Dakota, a ghost town
* Bixby, Texas, a census-designated place
* Bixby Knolls, California, a neighborhood in Long Beach
* Bixby State Preserve, Iowa
* Bixby, Nevada, a fictional town in the Tremors franchise.

## Technology

* Bixby (software), a virtual assistant by Samsung Electronics

## Other uses

* Bixby, a Beanie Baby bear produced by Ty, Inc.
* Bixby Creek Bridge, an arch bridge in Big Sur, California
* The Bixby land companies, ranching and land-development companies in California
* The Bixby letter, written by Abraham Lincoln
* Bixby Medical Center, a public hospital in Adrian, Michigan
* Bixby Ranch, an alternative name for Rancho Los Alamitos, California
* Bixby Shinola shoe polish and Bixby Bicycle by the same company
* AMD's Bixby chipset architecture codename.
# Arenig (disambiguation)

Arenig can mean:
* The Arenig geological period
* Arenig Fawr, a mountain in Wales
* The Arenigs, mountains in Wales
* Arenig railway station in Wales: it closed down in 1960 and 1961
# Atenizus plaumanni

Atenizus plaumanni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Tippmann in 1960.
# Alexandre Teulet

Alexandre Teulet (January 29, 1807- March 23, 1866) was a French Palaeographer, archivist, and historian. His full name was Jean Baptiste Alexandre Théodore Teulet.
His father was General Raymond Teulet.
After graduating from the École Nationale des Chartes in 1832, he was appointed to National Archives of France where he spent his entire career. He also wrote histories and chronicle of the Middle Ages, including works of Einhard.

## Influence on Scottish historiography

Teulet visited Scotland in the late 1830s, making contact with David Laing, secretary of the Bannatyne Club, which subsequently published his five-volume Papiers d'État, Pièces et Documents Inédits ou Peu Connus Relatifs à l'Histoire de l'Écosse au XVIe Siècle, tirés des Bibliothèques et des Archives de France (1851-60). The Scottish historian John Hill Burton reviewed the work favourably and drew upon it in writing his seven volume History of Scotland from Agricola's Invasion to the Revolution (1867-70)
# 2009 Brasil Open – Doubles

Marcelo Melo and André Sá were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Thomaz Bellucci and Sebastián Prieto.
In the final, Marcel Granollers and Tommy Robredo defeated Lucas Arnold Ker and Juan Mónaco, 6–4, 7–5.

## Seeds

* Marcelo Melo / André Sá (first round)
* Łukasz Kubot / Oliver Marach (semifinals)
* František Čermák / Michal Mertiňák (first round)
* Marcel Granollers / Tommy Robredo (champions)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | M Melo A Sá | 6 | 3 | [13] | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | T Bellucci S Prieto | 3 | 6 | [15] | WC | T Bellucci S Prieto | 4 | 6$^5$ | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | R Hocevar J Souza | 6 | 3 | [7] | | L Arnold Ker J Mónaco | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Arnold Ker J Mónaco | 2 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | L Arnold Ker J Mónaco | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| 3 | F Čermák M Mertiňák | 6$^6$ | 3 | | | | | | | Ó Hernández A Montañés | 4 | 3 | | | | | |
| | Ó Hernández A Montañés | 7$^8$ | 6 | | | Ó Hernández A Montañés | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | P Starace S Ventura | 4 | 3 | | | N Lapentti S Roitman | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Lapentti S Roitman | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | L Arnold Ker J Mónaco | 4 | 5 |
| | P Cuevas B Dabul | 3 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | M Granollers T Robredo | 6 | 7 |
| | D Junqueira E Schwank | 6 | 6 | | | D Junqueira E Schwank | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Brunström J-J Rojer | 3 | 5 | | 4 | M Granollers T Robredo | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | M Granollers T Robredo | 6 | 7 | | | | | | 4 | M Granollers T Robredo | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | |
| | I Navarro M Vassallo Argüello | 6 | 5 | [10] | | | | | 2 | Ł Kubot O Marach | 3 | 6 | [6] | | | | |
| | T Alves B Soares | 2 | 7 | [4] | | I Navarro M Vassallo Argüello | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Almagro R Ramírez Hidalgo | 4 | 4 | | 2 | Ł Kubot O Marach | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Ł Kubot O Marach | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Android Nim

Android Nim is a computerized version of the strategy game Nim programmed by Leo Christopherson for the TRS-80 and published in 1978 by 80-NW Publishing. A port to the Commodore PET by Don Dennis was released in July 1979, followed by an Apple II version in 1980.
Android Nim is played versus the computer. The stones or other objects of traditional Nim are replaced by androids; their animation was considered impressive in 1978.

## Gameplay

The object of the game is to remove the last android from three rows of androids. The game's premise is simple, but its animation is impressive given the limitations of the TRS-80's display. Throughout the game androids are animated to face different directions, as if bored or engaging in conversation with one another.
The game starts with three rows of androids which contain 7, 5, and 3 androids respectively. An animated android asks the player if they would like to go first. The player chooses a row and types in how many droids to remove. An animated droid at the head of the row then nods its head and raises a gun and the other androids turn to look at the selected row. The specified number of androids are then zapped with a laser beam. It is then the computer's turn—with similar effect—and play continues until the last android is removed.
If the human wins, the computer is an amusingly poor sport and displays astonishment; if it wins, the computer displays a huge "I WIN!". If the computer is about to lose, it pretends to seek futile ways to avoid losing (i.e., by selecting more androids than are available in a given row) before giving up.

## Reception

The game was reviewed in The Dragon #44 by Mark Herro. Herro stated, "if you want a good 'demo' program or just a little light entertainment — I think you could do worse than to try out this game. I like Android Nim."
# Ball Creek (British Columbia)

Ball Creek is a tributary of the Iskut River and part of the Stikine River watershed in northwest part of the province of British Columbia, Canada. From its source in the mountains south of Mount Edziza, near Yeda Peak, it flows generally southeast and east for roughly 41 km (25 mi) to empty into the Iskut River, the largest tributary of the Stikine River.
Ball Creek's mean annual discharge is estimated at 13.4 m$^3$/s (470 cu ft/s). Its watershed covers 342 km$^2$ (132 sq mi), the upper part of which is within Mount Edziza Provincial Park. The watershed drains parts of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. The watershed's land cover is classified as 35.7% barren, 24.3% conifer forest, 14.9% herbaceous, 14.6% snow/glacier, 10.2% shrubland, and small amounts of other cover.
The mouth of Ball Creek is located about 30 km (19 mi) north of the community of Bob Quinn Lake, British Columbia, and about 90 km (56 mi) southeast of Telegraph Creek, British Columbia, and about 275 km (171 mi) east-southeast of Juneau, Alaska.
Ball Creek is the traditional territory of the Tahltan First Nation, of the Tahltan people.
Ball Creek was named for a Mr. Ball of Telegraph Creek, a telegraph lineworker.

## Geography

Ball Creek originates near Yeda Peak of the Spectrum Range south of Mount Edziza. From its source about 40 km (25 mi) south of the summit of Mount Edziza, Ball Creek first flows east through high mountains. Near Kounugu Mountain it turns to the southeast. It passes just west of Little Ball Lake, which is not part of Ball Creek's drainage but rather the source of the Little Iskut River.
After flowing about 18 km (11 mi) from its source, Ball Creek is joined by Chachani Creek, draining part of Arctic Lake Plateau. Ball Creek exits Mount Edziza Provincial Park at its confluence with Chachani Creek. After a few more kilometers Ball Creek receives a significant but unnamed tributary and turns to flow mostly east. At about 25 km (16 mi) from its source Ball Creek receives another significant but unnamed tributary which flows from glaciers and mountains to the southwest, such as Hankin Peak. From there, Ball Creek flows generally east, receiving several more unnamed tributaries before emptying into the Iskut River.
# Alscher

Alscher is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ludger Alscher (1845–1932), German archaeologist
* Mark Dominik Alscher (born 1963), German professor
# 1946 Bulgarian census

As of December 31, 1946, the population of the country was 7,029,349.

## Ethnic groups

Number and share of ethnic groups.
| Ethnicity | Numbers | % |
| Bulgarians | 5,903,580 | 84.0 |
| Turks | 675,500 | 9.6 |
| Roma | 170,011 | 2.4 |
| Macedonians | 169,544 | 2.4 |
| Jews | 44,209 | 0.6 |
| Armenians | 21,637 | 0.3 |
| Russians | 13,200 | 0.2 |
| Tatars | 8,133 | |
| Greeks | 3,623 | |
| Romanians | 2,459 | |
| Czechs | 1,868 | |
| Germans | 1,407 | |
| Albanians | 1,128 | |
| Hungarians | 778 | |
| Serbs | 723 | |
| Slovaks | 656 | |
| Italians | 580 | |
| Slovenes | 545 | |
| French | 301 | |
| Croats | 290 | |
| Poles | 276 | |
| Ukrainians | 61 | |
Ethnicity (1946)
Bulgarians
84.0%
Turks
9.6%
Roma
2.4%
Macedonians
2.4%
Jews
0.6% :

## Sources

* ↑ ""Population by place of residence, sex and ethnic group"".
* ↑ Georgeoff, Peter John (with David Crowe), "National Minorities in Bulgaria, 1919– 1980" in Horak, Stephen, ed., Eastern European National Minorities 1919/1980: A Handbook, (Littleton, Co: Libraries Limited, Inc.).
# Black, West Virginia

Black is an unincorporated community in Mercer and Wyoming counties, West Virginia, United States, located 5.5 miles (8.9 km) north-northwest of Matoaka.
# Ari Mustonen

Ari Mustonen is a Finnish cross-country skier. He represented Finland at the 1984 Winter Paralympics held in Innsbruck, Austria. He won the bronze medal at the men's short distance 5 km LW2 event.
# Ask No Questions

Ask No Questions is a British game show that originally aired as a regional programme for Yorkshire Television in 1986 on Saturdays, then it became networked for most ITV regions in 1987.

## Transmissions

| Series | Start date | End date | Episodes |
| 1 | 1 February 1986 | 15 March 1986 | 7 |
| 2 | 27 March 1987 | 3 June 1987 | 30 |

### Regional transmissions information
#### 1986

The first series only aired in the Yorkshire region on Saturdays.

#### 1987

The second series aired in the rest of the regions, but it was not networked:
* Border, Tyne Tees and Yorkshire: Started on 27 March and finished on 3 June. Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 5:15pm.
* LWT: Started on 27 March and finished on 28 August. Fridays at 5:15pm. Not all episodes were broadcast.
* UTV: Started on 27 March and finished on mid-July. ??? at 5:15pm.
* HTV Started on 30 March and finished July. Mondays and Wednesdays at 5:15pm.
* Scottish: Started on 9 April and finished in August. at 3:00pm/3:30pm.
* Anglia: Started on April and finished on May. ??? at 9:50am.
* Grampian: Started on 19 August and finished on 24 September. Wednesday to Friday at 5.10pm before switching to 3.00pm for the last 2 weeks
* TVS and Channel Television: Weekly at 3:00pm.
* Central, Granada and TSW: Did not air the series.
# Alexandre Thierry

Alexandre Thierry (c. 1646 - 1699) was a French organ builder, son of the organ builder Pierre Thierry, and the most distinguished of the second generation of this organ-building dynasty.

## Biography

Alexandre Thierry was born in Paris around 1646, the youngest of three sons of the organ-builder Pierre Thierry and the most talented. He took charge of the family business on his father's death. Working with his brothers Charles and Jean, after the death of his father he completed the organ of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés in 1667. This was considered his greatest work, an organ with 39 stops and four manuals, the first organ with four manuals in Paris.
From 1680 to 1687, thanks to the protection of the king's organists Nicolas Lebègue and Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers, Alexandre Thierry maintained and improved the Royal positive organs at the Palace of Versailles, Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Palace of Fontainebleau and Saint-Cyr. He was responsible for the organ in the royal chapel of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Thanks to Lebègue he was given the job of building the organ for the Hôtel des Gobelins in 1684 with nineteen stops, three manuals and pedal. He also worked in Province, in Rouen and Lyon where he built the organ of the Cordeliers in the Church of St. Bonaventure (1689-1690).
From 1691 to 1692 Alexandre Thierry and Hippolyte Ducastel jointly undertook major work in the Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris. Alexandre Thierry restored the organ in the Sainte-Chapelle du Palais, and then built the instrument of the Abbey of Saint-Sauveur d'Anchin in 1697, with 32 stops, 4 manuals and pedal.
Alexandre Thierry died without an heir in 1699, and was succeeded by his nephew, François Thierry, son of Jean. His death interrupted his last work, the monumental instrument of the Basilica of Saint-Quentin. The buffet which still exists, begun in 1697 and completed in 1703 by his partner in this business, Robert Clicquot. The organ had 48 stops, four manuals and pedal.

## Work

Work included:
* Saint-Séverin, Paris with his brother Charles in 1670, a work for which he was famous
* Vauluisant Abbey in 1673
* Abbey of St. Victor, Paris, destroyed in 1811
* St-Gervais-et-St-Protais, Paris in 1676 and 1684
* Hôtel des Invalides, Paris (1679-1682), a masterpiece of which the buffet by the royal carpenter Germain Pillon exists today.
* Saint-Germain-l’Auxerrois, disappeared during the French Revolution
* Saint-Eustache, Paris in 1680
# Bajrayogini

Bajrayogini is a village and former Village Development Committee that is now part of Shankharapur Municipality in Kathmandu District in Province No. 3 of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,798 and had 632 houses in it. As per 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,333 and had 328 houses in it.
# Andricus brunneus

Andricus brunneus, also known as the clustered gall wasp, is a species of oak gall wasp in the genus Andricus. It lives along the Pacific Coast of North America. Only females of this species are known. Adults are brown or reddish-brown and about 3 millimetres (0.12 in) long. It induces round galls on the leaves of white oaks, especially blue oaks. These galls are usually found in clusters, reddish to light brown, and about 6 millimetres (0.24 in) in diameter. Each holds a single larval chamber, from which adult females emerge in autumn.
# 2010 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team

The 2010 All-Pacific-10 Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Pacific-10 Conference teams for the 2010 Pacific-10 Conference football season. The Oregon Ducks won the conference, posting a 9–0 conference record. Oregon then lost to SEC champion Auburn Tigers in the BCS National Championship game 22 to 19. Stanford quarterback Andrew Luck was voted Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year. Oregon State defensive tackle Stephen Paea was voted Pat Tillman Pac-10 Defensive Player of the Year.

## Offensive selections
### Quarterbacks

* Andrew Luck#, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* Darron Thomas, Oregon (Coaches-2)

### Running backs

* LaMichael James, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Owen Marecic, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* Jacquizz Rodgers, Oregon St. (Coaches-1)
* Johnathan Franklin, UCLA (Coaches-2)
* Chris Polk, Washington (Coaches-2)
* Shane Vereen, California (Coaches-2)

### Wide receivers

* Juron Criner#, Arizona (Coaches-1)
* Jeff Maehl, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Doug Baldwin, Stanford (Coaches-2)
* Jermaine Kearse, Washington (Coaches-2)

### Tight ends

* David Paulson, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Coby Fleener, Stanford (Coaches-2)

### Linemen

* Jonathan Martin, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* David DeCastro, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* Chase Beeler, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* Jordan Holmes, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Tyron Smith, USC (Coaches-1)
* Colin Baxter, Arizona (Coaches-2)
* Adam Grant, Arizona (Coaches-2)
* Alex Linnenkohl, Oregon St. (Coaches-2)
* Mitchell Schwartz, California (Coaches-2)
* Bo Thran, Oregon (Coaches-2)

## Defensive selections
### Linemen

* Jurrell Casey, USC (Coaches-1)
* Cameron Jordan, California (Coaches-1)
* Stephen Paea, Oregon St. (Coaches-1)
* Brooks Reed, Arizona (Coaches-1)
* Brandon Bair, Oregon (Coaches-2)
* Ricky Elmore, Arizona (Coaches-2)
* Sione Fua, Stanford (Coaches-2)
* Kenny Rowe, Oregon (Coaches-2)

### Linebackers

* Akeem Ayers, UCLA (Coaches-1)
* Mason Foster, Washington (Coaches-1)
* Casey Matthews, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Vontaze Burfict, Arizona St. (Coaches-2)
* Mychal Kendricks, California (Coaches-2)
* Mike Mohamed, California (Coaches-2)

### Backs

* Omar Bolden, Arizona St. (Coaches-1)
* Chris Conte, California (Coaches-1)
* Talmadge Jackson, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Rahim Moore, UCLA (Coaches-1)
* Cliff Harris, Oregon (Coaches-2)
* Delano Howell, Stanford (Coaches-2)
* T. J. McDonald, USC (Coaches-2)
* Nate Williams, Washington (Coaches-2)

## Special teams
### Placekickers

* Nate Whitaker, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* Kai Forbath, UCLA (Coaches-2)

### Punters

* Bryan Anger, California (Coaches-1)
* Jeff Locke, UCLA (Coaches-2)

### Return specialists

* Cliff Harris#, Oregon (Coaches-1)
* Robert Woods, USC (Coaches-1)
* Omar Bolden, Arizona St. (Coaches-2)
* Ronald Johnson, USC (Coaches-2)

### Special teams player

* Chike Amajoyi, Stanford (Coaches-1)
* Bryson Littlejohn, Oregon (Coaches-2)

## Key

Coaches = selected by Pac-12 coaches
# = unanimous selection by coaches
# Althofer

Althofer or Althöfer is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* George Althofer (1903–1993), Australian botanist, nurseryman, author, and poet
* Hedda Althofer, fictional character in German television series Samt und Seide
* Ingo Althöfer (born 1961), German mathematician
# Biology of Sex Differences

Biology of Sex Differences is an online-only open access scientific journal covering the biological basis of sex differences in humans and other animals. It was established in 2010 and is published by BioMed Central on behalf of the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences, of which it is the official journal, as well as the Society for Women's Health Research. The editor-in-chief is Jill Becker (University of Michigan). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 8.811.
# Armenia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2009

Armenia selected their Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2009 entry by a national final. The winner was Luara Hayrapetyan with "Barcelona", which represented Armenia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2009 on 21 November 2009.

## Before Junior Eurovision
### National final

A submission period for artists was held until 29 June 2009. 15 entries were received, and 7 entries were chosen for the national final.
The final was held on 11 July 2009. Seven songs competed and the winner was chosen by a 50/50 combination of televoting and the votes from an "expert" jury.
Final – 11 July 2009 :
| Draw | Artist | Song | Jury | Televote | Televote | Total | Place |
| 1 | Julie Berberyan & Lika Musheghyan | "Menq" | 3 | 303 | 6 | 9 | 5 |
| 2 | Angel Petrosyan | "Yerjanik mankutyun" | 5 | 133 | 7 | 12 | 6 |
| 3 | Chermak Ampikner | "Heqiatayin yerkinq" | 4 | 607 | 4 | 8 | 3 |
| 4 | Luara Hayrapetyan | "Barcelona" | 1 | 944 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| 5 | Urakh Ghoghanjner | "Lusin - Arev" | 6 | 805 | 3 | 9 | 4 |
| 6 | Zangak | "Dproc te poghoc" | 7 | 329 | 5 | 12 | 6 |
| 7 | Razmik Aghajanyan | "Yerjankutyun" | 2 | 861 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
# Bala (Medora Lake) Aerodrome

Bala (Medora Lake) Aerodrome (TC LID: CME3) is located 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) north northwest of Bala, Ontario, Canada.
# Andricus dentimitratus

Andricus dentimitratus is a gall forming wasp in the genus Andricus. The adults lay their eggs on various species of oak and the developing larvae causes the trees to create a large ornate gall. The oaks parasitised include Quercus frainetto, Q. petraea, Q. pyrenaica, Q. pubescens and Q. robur. The gall is formed out of the cup of the acorn. In cross-section it resembles a mushroom. It is woody, maroon, shiny and sticky. It grows up to 25 mm high and 20 mm wide. What resembles the head of the mushroom is lobed or toothed in various ways. The insect emerges from the narrowing, between the head and base.

## Lifecycle

Many species of Andricus including A. dentimitratus have a complex lifecyle. There is an agamic stage that produces only parthenocarpic females and a sexual stage where males are also produced. The agamic stage produces the large galls illustrated, however, although the sexual stage is known to occur, the galls of this stage have not been described for A. dentimitratus.

## Distribution

It is found around the Mediterranean where suitable host species live, in countries such as Spain, southern France, Hungary, Italy, Slovakia & Turkey.