OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Baji (food)

Baji (Nepal Bhasa: बजि, Nepali: चिउरा, chiura, English: flattened rice) is a type of beaten rice eaten in Nepal. The most common word for it, and the one visitors to Nepal will generally encounter, is "chiura." "Baji" is the term used by the Newar in the Kathmandu Valley. Rice is a staple in Nepal, as throughout South Asia. The grain is incorporated into everyday life, festivals, and rituals. Chiura is a common snack among farmers and workers in rural Nepal. The snack is made by pounding rice. The dish can be served with yogurt, curry, and or meat. Often chiura is paired with tea as a mid-morning snack in the fields.
Chiura holds an important place in the traditional Nepali wedding ceremony. Chiura is usually included in the brideprice, any valuables or wealth given to the bride’s family by the groom. After the initial wedding ceremony, the families escort the bride back to the groom’s house. During this procession, the pounded rice ceremony occurs. The bride and groom are seated next to one another, and the bride is given the chiura. The groom then formally asks the bride to give him the chiura. He will ask this two more times, each time using a form of “you” that indicates a lowering of her social status. This ceremony reiterates the fact that the woman’s social ranking has dropped far below its original status.

## Types

* Red (Nepal Bhasa:ह्यांगु बजि hyangu baji): using reddish beaten rice.
* White (Nepal Bhasa: तुयु बजि tuyu baji)

## Consumption

It is usually consumed during the daytime with lentil or other vegetables with soup. It is the main food served in Newari feasts. The red type is considered better type. Samaybaji is specially consumed in Newari festivals.
Liquified baji is also used in Chinese folk medicine as an aphrodisiac.
# 1922 Michigan Mines football team

The 1922 Michigan Mines football team represented the Michigan College of Mines—now known as Michigan Technological University—as an independent during the 1922 college football season. Michigan Mines compiled a 1–0–1 record.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 22 | at Northern State Normal (MI) | Marquette, MI | W 12–0 |
| October 29 | Northern State Normal (MI) | Houghton, MI | T 0–0 |
# Pigg's Peak mine

The Pigg's Peak mine is a large iron mine located in central Eswatini in the Hhohho District. Pigg's Peak represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Eswatini and in the world having estimated reserves of 700 million tonnes of ore grading 35% iron metal.
# Sahalava

Sahalava is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Vohipeno, which is a part of the region of Fitovinany. The population of the municipality was 1,414 inhabitants in 2018.
Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99.5% of the population of the commune are farmers. The most important crops are coffee and rice, while other important agricultural products are beans, lychee and cassava. Services provide employment for 0.5% of the population.

## Rivers

It is located on the banks of the river Matitanana.
# Vinny Chapman

Vinny Chapman (born 5 December 1967) is a former English footballer who played as a defender.
# FIA Foundation for the Automobile and Society

The FIA (Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile) Foundation for the Automobile and Society is a foundation which undertakes "[...] research into public policy issues relating to the automobile’s interaction with society. We support initiatives that improve the environmental performance of the car. The FIA Foundation also participates regularly in international institutions responsible for political and technical issues relating to road safety, sustainable mobility and the environment."
Among its official aims are to further "road safety" and "sustainable mobility".
"The FIA Foundation was established in 2001 with a donation of $300 million made by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), the non-profit federation of motoring organisations and the governing body of world motor sport." The chairman of the foundation is Lord Robertson.
Critics see it as a tool of the motor industry to increase the acceptability of car-based traffic solutions while blocking alternatives.
# Brand Peak

Brand Peak is a sharp snow-covered peak located 10 nautical miles (19 km) east-southeast of the Eternity Range and 4 nautical miles (7 km) northwest of Mount Duemler, in Palmer Land. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey in 1974, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Timothy Brand, a United States Antarctic Research Program biologist at Palmer Station in 1974.
# Bradford Barons

Bradford Barons were a motorcycle speedway team based at Odsal Stadium in Odsal, Bradford, from 1974 to 1975.

## History

1974 saw yet another name change with Bradford Barons replacing Bradford Northern as Alan Knapkin began his first full season in charge. He also sought and obtained special dispensation from the sports governing body to resume riding, but after a number of good results it was suddenly withdrawn on 16 June. On 17 July it was announced that the promoting rights had been sold again, this time to Shipley newsagent and long time Bradford speedway fan Jim Streets. At the end of the season the team once again finished in 7th position.
In 1975 Division Two was renamed the New National League. The crowd levels continued to fall, especially following the introduction of stock cars and the resulting damage to the track. Even the return of Alan Knapkin to the team on 25 June didn't greatly improve the situation as the team finished in 11th position. It was therefore of little surprise that shortly after the Barons had defeated Stoke and Mildenhall in a double header on 1 October it was announced that speedway would not take place at Odsal in 1976. It would be another ten years before speedway came back to Bradford.
However, Jim Streets did not give up without a fight and attempted unsuccessfully to introduce speedway at the former home of Bradford (Park Avenue) Football Club. Noise tests and team line up plans were made but eventually he was forced to withdraw.

## Season summary

| Year and league | Position | Notes |
| 1974 British League Division Two season | 7th | |
| 1975 New National League season | 11th | |

## Notable riders

* Alan Knapkin
* Tony Featherstone
* Colin Meredith
* Mick Fairbairn
* Steve Wilcock
* Mike Fielding
* Tony Boyle
* Dave Baugh
# Gitwe

Gitwe is a settlement in Kenya's Central Province.
# California desert

California desert may refer to:
* Deserts of California
* High Desert (California)
* Low Desert
* Mojave Desert
** Death Valley
* Sonoran Desert
* Colorado Desert
# Coconut burger

Coconut burger, also known as sapal burger or niyog burger, is a Filipino veggie burger made with shredded coconut pulp (sapal), which are the by-products of traditional coconut milk extraction in Filipino cuisine. It is considered an ovo-vegetarian dish, but not vegan since it uses eggs as part of the ingredients.
# El Grullo

El Grullo is a town and municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 157.2 km$^2$. It is named for a color, used for horses and grass, called grullo, used as the name of an Hacienda established there: "La Hacienda del Zacate Grullo".
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 21,825.
In recent years, the town of El Grullo has begun expanding and now has begun to construct suburban-style housing developments on the outer limits of the town. There have also been new points of interest adding in the town center such as an obelisk, a larger city hall, and accessible WiFi throughout the town center. As of 2014, there are about 30,000 residents living in the developing city limits.
# Cape MacDonald

Cape MacDonald (71°32′S 61°11′W﻿ / ﻿71.533°S 61.183°W﻿ / -71.533; -61.183) is a headland which rises to 435 metres (1,430 ft), forming the south side of the entrance to Odom Inlet, on the east coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica. It was discovered by members of the United States Antarctic Service (USAS) who explored this area by land and from the air in 1940, and named for J.E. MacDonald, field representative and secretary of the USAS.
# Battle of Zhongdu

The Battle of Zhongdu (present-day Beijing) took place in 1215 between the Mongols and the Jurchen Jin dynasty, which controlled northern China. The Mongols won and continued their conquest of China.

## History

The year 1211 marked the beginning of the war between the Mongols and the Jin Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty was able to hold Genghis Khan (Temüjin) and his Mongol army at bay for the first two years of the war.
The Jurchen Jin emperor Wanyan Yongji's daughter, Jurchen Princess Qiguo was married to Mongol leader Genghis Khan in exchange for relieving the Mongol siege upon Zhongdu (Beijing) in the Mongol conquest of Jin China. Throughout this time, however, Temüjin continued to build his forces and by 1213 had an army so powerful that it conquered all Jin territory up to the Great Wall of China. From this strategic location Temüjin made the decision to split his forces into three smaller armies in an attempt to break through the wall and finish his conquest of northern China. He sent his brother, Kasar, at the head of one of these armies east into Manchuria. He sent another army south toward Shanxi under command of his three oldest sons. He himself led the third army, along with his son Tuli, towards Shandong. The plan was a success, as all three armies broke through the wall in different places.
According to Ivar Lissner, the besieged inhabitants resorted to firing gold and silver cannon shot on the Mongols with their muzzle-loading cannons when their supply of metal for ammunition ran out.
The battle for Beijing was long and tiresome, but the Mongols proved to be more powerful as they finally took the city on 31 May 1215, massacring its inhabitants. This forced Jin Emperor Xuanzong to move his capital south to Kaifeng, and opened the Yellow River valley to further Mongol ravages. Kaifeng also fell to the Mongols after a siege in 1232.
# System of a Down (band)

System of a Down is an American heavy metal band formed in 1994.

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Year | Album details |
| 1998 | System of a Down Release date: June 30, 1998 Label: American Recordings, Columbia Records |
| 2001 | Toxicity Release date: September 4, 2001 Label: American Recordings, Columbia Records |
| 2005 | Mezmerize Release date: May 17, 2005 Label: American Recordings, Columbia Records |
| 2005 | Hypnotize Release date: November 22, 2005 Label: American Recordings, Columbia Records |
# Collective Brands

Collective Brands, Inc. was an American holding company that owned Payless ShoeSource (footwear retailer), Robeez (shoe manufacturer) and Airwalk (shoe manufacturer). The company was purchased by Wolverine Worldwide, Blum Capital, and Golden Gate Capital in 2012.

## History

Stride Rite Corporation purchased the Sperry Top-Sider and Keds brand names from Uniroyal in 1979. During 2005, Stride Rite completed its acquisition of Saucony. In 2006, Stride Rite purchased Robeez.
Payless purchased many of these companies during the 2000s, and on August 16, 2007, the company changed its name to Collective Brands, Inc.
On October 9, 2012, Collective Brands, Inc. announced its acquisition by Golden Gate Capital and Blum Capital was completed. As a result, Payless ShoeSource and Collective Licensing International operate as a private, standalone entity known as Payless Holdings. As part of the transaction, Wolverine World Wide, a Michigan-based boot and shoe manufacturer, acquired Stride Rite Corporation including its Sperry Top-Sider, Keds, Saucony, and other brands from Collective Brands, Inc.
# Neutral stimulus

A neutral stimulus is a stimulus which initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention. In classical conditioning, when used together with an unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus. With repeated presentations of both the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus will elicit a response as well, known as a conditioned response. Once the neutral stimulus elicits a conditioned response, the neutral stimulus becomes known as a conditioned stimulus. The conditioned response is the same as the unconditioned response, but occurs in the presence of the conditioned stimulus rather than the unconditioned stimulus.

## Pavlov's research in digestion

Ivan Pavlov conducted multiple experiments investigating digestion in dogs in which neutral, unconditioned, and conditioned stimuli were used. In these experiments, the neutral stimulus was the sound of a bell ringing. This sound was presented to the dogs along with food, which acted as an unconditioned stimulus. The presentation of a neutral stimulus does not result in any particular response, but the presentation of an unconditioned stimulus results in an unconditioned response, which was the dogs salivating in Pavlov's experiments. After conditioning, the bell ringing became a conditioned stimulus. Pavlov later used the sound of a metronome as a neutral stimulus in studies on cerebral cortex activity.
# El Dera

El Dera is a settlement in Kenya's Eastern Province.
# Mattli (surname)

Mattli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Georg Mattli (1954–1991), Swiss ice hockey player
* Giuseppe Mattli (1907–1982), Swiss fashion designer known as "Mattli"
* Walter Mattli, Swiss-born British political scientist
# Blow-me-down Bluff

Blow-me-down Bluff (68°3′S 66°40′W﻿ / ﻿68.050°S 66.667°W﻿ / -68.050; -66.667) is a prominent rock bluff, 1,820 metres (5,970 ft) high, standing at the north flank of Northeast Glacier on the west side of Graham Land. It was roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition, and by the United States Antarctic Service in 1940. It was re-surveyed in 1946 and 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), who so named it because the bluff stands in the windiest part of Northeast Glacier and many members of FIDS sledge parties have fallen in this area in high winds.
# Chelopech Hill

Chelopech Hill (Bulgarian: хълм Челопеч, ‘Halm Chelopech’ \'h&lm che-lo-'pech\) is the ice-covered hill rising to 938 m in the north foothills of Detroit Plateau on Trinity Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica. It is surmounting Russell West Glacier to the north.
The hill is named after the settlement of Chelopech in Western Bulgaria.

## Location

Chelopech Hill is located at 63°43′28″S 58°42′03″W﻿ / ﻿63.72444°S 58.70083°W﻿ / -63.72444; -58.70083, which is 1.63 km north-northwest of Mount Schuyler, 4.07 km east of Zlatolist Hill, 12.95 km south of Mount Ignatiev in Srednogorie Heights, and 1.9 km west-southwest of Sirius Knoll. German-British mapping in 1996.

## Maps

* Trinity Peninsula. Scale 1:250000 topographic map No. 5697. Institut für Angewandte Geodäsie and British Antarctic Survey, 1996.
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), 1993–2016.

## Note

* ↑ Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica. Polar Geospatial Center. University of Minnesota, 2019
# 2023 Khyber bombing

On 8 April 2023, an improvised explosive device (IED) struck a security forces vehicle, which resulted in the deaths of two soldiers and injury to 4 others in Pakistan's Khyber District. The troops who died have been named as Naib Subedar Hazrat Gul and Sepoy Nazir Ullah Mehsud, who are both from Lower Dir and South Waziristan.
Pakistani security forces and police came on the spot following the attack and started a search operation. Yet no arrests have yet been made. According to the ISPR, the area is being cleansed to get rid of any terrorists that may be present. At the Peshawar Garrison, where Corps Commander Peshawar, civic officials, and military, as well as a sizable crowd of people, attended the funeral prayers for the murdered soldiers. The military has reaffirmed its commitment to putting an end to terrorism and said that the sacrifices made by its members only serve to bolster that commitment.
# Bottome

Bottome is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Margaret McDonald Bottome (1827–1906), American reformer, organizational founder, author
* Peter Bottome (1937–2016), Venezuelan businessman
* Phyllis Bottome (1884–1963), British writer
# Maranga Island

Maranga Island is the westernmost of the Anagram Islands, lying on the south side of French Passage in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1961 in association with the Anagram Islands, "maranga" being an anagram of "Anagram".
# Matus (beetle)

Matus is a genus of beetle in family Dytiscidae from North America. It contains the following species:
* Matus bicarinatus (Say, 1823)
* Matus leechi Young, 1953
* Matus ovatus Leech, 1941
* Matus relictus Young, 1953
# Aluycia Gradenigo

Aluycia Gradenigo (died 1387) was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Marino Faliero (r. 1354–1355).
Aluycia was the daughter of Nicolo Gradenigo and related to doge Pietro Gradenigo. She was known for her beauty and her love life, and said to have had many affairs. She is known for her affair with Michele Steno, which was the catalyst for a failed coup d'etat by doge Faliero for which he was executed.
# Bosch Bridge

The Bosch Bridge is a bascule bridge in Buenos Aires, Argentina, that connects the Algarrobo street in Barracas neighborhood with the Barrio Piñeyro of Avellaneda Partido, crossing over Matanza River (popularly known as Riachuelo). The bridge carries vehicular, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic between both points.
The bridge extends parallel to the General Roca Railway rail tracks between Hipólito Yrigoyen and Darío Santillán y Maximiliano Kosteki stations. Its structure is made of iron and was inaugurated on July 30, 1908.
On July 12, 1930, at 6:05 am, an electric tram going to Lanús fell into the Riachuelo river after the driver ran straight without seeing the red light warning about the leaf raised due to the thick fog. 56 of a total of 60 passengers died, most of them working class people going to their jobs.
The tramway accident was mentioned on Sherlock Time, a comic strip by writer Héctor Oesterheld and artist Alberto Breccia published in Hora Cero magazine. In the story, a group of relatives of the victims joined to recreate the accident and then sue the tram company. Nevertheless, Sherlock Time rescued them alive after realising it was a trap from a group of aliens to capture them.
In 2001 the Bosch Bridge was closed because of its deterioration. The bridge was then refurbished by the Public Works Ministry of the City of Buenos Aires, which took charge of its maintenance. The bridge was re-opened to the public in June 2008, with height and weight restrictions for the vehicles (4.10 m and 12 tons respectively). Works had a cost of A$ 3,2 million.
In September 2015 there was a proposal to adapt the Bosch Bridge for pedestrian use exclusively. The project was named "Puente de las Mariposas" ("Butterflies Bridge"), connecting the Design Metropolitan Center of Barracas with the Faculty of Environmental Sciences of Avellaneda.
# Chhokar Kalan

Chhokar Kalan is a small village in Gujrat District tehsil Kharian in the state of Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated 30 kilometers from Gujrat Railway Station. Village belongs to mostly Gujjar families, settled in Europe and Middle East countries. The majority of the residents are farmers. Castes include Kundwana, Poswal, and Kalas Gujjar.
However,Kundwana family is the most prominent and dominant among alls as they hold serious portion of land in the village as well as “NUMBERDARI”.
Prior to 1947, a few Hindu Khatri families resided in the village; however, after the partition they migrated to India. Gujjar families dominated most of the village and continue to do so.
Nearby places include Lalamusa, Dinga City and Mirpur.
# 2014 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships

The 2014 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships were the 76th NCAA Men's Division I Cross Country Championship and the 34th NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship held at the LaVern Gibson Cross Country Course in Terre Haute, Indiana near the campus of Indiana State University on November 22, 2014. Four different cross country running championships were contested: men's and women's individual and team championships.
On the men's side, the team national championship was won by the Colorado Buffaloes, their fifth, and second consecutive, title, while the individual championship was won by Edward Cheserek, his second consecutive title, from Oregon. On the women's side, the team championship was won by the Michigan State Spartans, their first title, and the individual championship was won by Kate Avery of Iona, her first title.

## Men's title

* Distance: 10,000 meters

### Men's Team Result (Top 10)

| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Colorado | 65 |
| | Stanford | 98 |
| | Portland | 175 |
| 4 | Northern Arizona | 188 |
| 5 | Syracuse | 206 |
| 6 | Oregon | 221 |
| 7 | Villanova | 230 |
| 8 | Iona | 270 |
| 9 | Oklahoma State | 296 |
| 10 | Wisconsin | 335 |

### Men's Individual Result (Top 10)

| Rank | Name | Team | Time |
| | Edward Cheserek | Oregon | 30:19.4 |
| | Eric Jenkins | Oregon | 30:23.2 |
| | Futsum Zeinasellassie | Northern Arizona | 30:25.3 |
| 4 | Maksim Korolev | Stanford | 30:29.5 |
| 5 | Ammar Moussa | Colorado | 30:29.6 |
| 6 | Stanley Kebenei | Arkansas | 30:30.1 |
| 7 | Ben Saarel | Colorado | 30:30.7 |
| 8 | John Mascari | Indiana State | 30:30.9 |
| 9 | Blake Theroux | Colorado | 30:31.7 |
| 10 | Malachy Schrobilgen | Wisconsin | 30:32.6 |

## Women's title

* Distance: 6,000 meters

### Women's Team Result (Top 10)

| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Michigan State | 85 |
| | Iowa State | 147 |
| | New Mexico | 188 |
| 4 | Georgetown | 189 |
| 5 | Arkansas | 209 |
| 6 | Oregon | 249 |
| 7 | Colorado | 267 |
| 8 | West Virginia | 277 |
| 9 | Iona | 377 |
| 10 | Wisconsin | 382 |

### Women's Individual Result (Top 10)

| Rank | Name | Team | Time |
| | Kate Avery | Iona | 19:31.6 |
| | Sarah Disanza | Wisconsin | 19:39.9 |
| | Emma Bates | Boise State | 19:44.5 |
| 4 | Rachele Schulist | Michigan State | 19:54.3 |
| 5 | Rachel Johnson | Baylor | 19:56.8 |
| 6 | Dominique Scott | Arkansas | 20:01.3 |
| 7 | Crystal Nelson | Iowa State | 20:08.5 |
| 8 | Katy Moen | Iowa State | 20:10.5 |
| 9 | Shelby Houlihan | Arizona State | 20:11.4 |
| 10 | Chelsea Blaase | Tennessee | 20:11.6 |
# An Nasiriyah Stadium

An Nasiriyah Stadium, is a football stadium that is currently under construction in An Nasiriyah, Iraq. It will have a capacity of 30,000 spectators and will cost approximately 100 million USD funded entirely by the Iraqi government.
# Forestry literature

Forestry literature is the books, journals and other publications about forestry.
The first major works about forestry in the English language included Roger Taverner's Booke of Survey (1565), John Manwood's A Brefe Collection of the Lawes of the Forrest (1592) and John Evelyn's Sylva (1662).
# Great Expectations (upcoming TV series)

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#REDIRECT Great Expectations (2023 TV series)
# Borja Fernández

Borja Fernández may refer to:
* Borja Fernández (footballer, born 1981), Spanish football midfielder
* Borja Fernández (footballer, born 1995), Spanish football midfielder
* Borja Fernández (skater) (born 1984), professional vert skater
* Borja Vidal Fernández Fernández (born 1981), handballer and former basketball player
# Death Is Fun

Death Is Fun is a compilation album by the death metal band Necrophagia. It was released in 1995 on Red Stream records.

## Track listing

* "Abomination" - 4:04
* "Young Burial" - 2:02
* "Black Apparition" - 5:13
* "Chainsaw Lust" - 1:08
* "Intense Mutilation" - :44
* "Autopsy on the Living Dead" - :46
* "Witchcraft" - 2:14
* "Power Through Darkness" - 2:45
* "Young Burial" - 1:45
* "Chainsaw Lust" - 2:04
* "Autopsy on the Living Dead" - 1:05
* "Necrophagia" - 2:06
* "Vomit" - 3:25