# Going broke universities – Disappearing universities

The Going Broke Universities – Disappearing Universities (危ない大学・消える大学 Abunai Daigaku Kieru Daigaku) is a ranking book about Japanese universities by Japanese journalist Kiyoshi Shimano [ja], published annually since 1993.
Although there are several university rankings in Japan, most of them rank universities by their entrance difficulties often called "Hensachi" or by alumni's successes. Especially, the Hensachi Rankings have been most commonly used for university ranking. From this view point, GBUDU is a typical ranking book in Japan.
The GBUDU ranks Japanese universities in terms of the entrance difficulty and selectivity. The author's main argument is that more selective universities have better quality, and generally guarantee students better future careers. Thus people should avoid least selective universities, and try to enter more selective ones as much as they can.

## Methodology

The GBUDU rankings are made by the average scores of Hensachi estimated by Japanese major prep school Yoyogi seminar. Consequently, it can be regarded as a summary of the selectivity of Japanese universities.
He prepared the following 10 scales to measure universities' entrance difficulties.
| SA | Most selective | 15 |
| A1 | Very selective (Upper 1st class) | 46 |
| A2 | Very selective (Lower 1st class) | 149 |
| B | Selective (Almost equivalent to 1st class) | 22 |
| C | Upper middle class | |
| D | Middle class | |
| E | Lower middle class / He defined it as the minimum level of universities that student should enter | |
| F | Lower class | |
| G | Lower class | |
| N | Least selective / The candidate universities for "Going broke universities" or "Disappearing universities" | |
| Total | | 778 |

## 2010 rankings

The following data is the 2010 ranking table only in Rank SA (1st), Rank A1 (2nd), Rank A2 (3rd) and Rank B (4th) even though there are additionally Rank C, Rank D, Rank E, Rank F, Rank G, Rank N, Rank "on hold" and others (from the higher to the lower).
| Overall Rank 2010 | Region | National Universities (Alphabetical order) | Public Universities (Alphabetical order) | Private Universities (Alphabetical order) |
| SA | Hokkaido | Hokkaido University | | |
| SA | Tohoku | Tohoku University | | |
| SA | Kanto | Hitotsubashi University / Ochanomizu University / Tokyo Institute of Technology / Tokyo University of Foreign Studies / University of Tokyo | | International Christian University / Keio University / Sophia University / Waseda University |
| SA | Chubu | Nagoya University | | |
| SA | Kansai | Kyoto University / Osaka University | | |
| SA | Chugoku | | | |
| SA | Shikoku | | | |
| SA | Kyushu | Kyushu University | | |
| A1 | Hokkaido | | | |
| A1 | Tohoku | Akita International University | | |
| A1 | Kanto | Chiba University / Gunma University / Saitama University / Tokyo Gakugei University / Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology / University of Tsukuba / Yokohama National University | Gunma Prefectural Women's University / Kanagawa University of Human Services / Saitama Prefectural University / Takasaki City University of Economics / Tokyo Metropolitan University / Yokohama City University | Aoyama Gakuin University / Hosei University / Chuo University / Gakushuin University / Meiji University / Rikkyo University / Tokyo University of Science / Tsuda College |
| A1 | Chubu | Aichi University of Education / Gifu University / Kanazawa University / Nagoya Institute of Technology / Shinshu University | Aichi Prefectural University / Nagoya City University / Tsuru University | |
| A1 | Kansai | Kobe University / Kyoto University of Education / Nara Women's University / Osaka Kyoiku University / Shiga University | Kyoto Prefectural University / Nara Prefectural University / Osaka City University / Osaka Prefecture University | Doshisha University / Kwansei Gakuin University / Ritsumeikan University |
| A1 | Chugoku | Hiroshima University | | |
| A1 | Shikoku | Kagawa University | | |
| A1 | Kyushu | Kumamoto University / Miyazaki University / Nagasaki University | | |
| A2 | Hokkaido | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | |
| A2 | Tohoku | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | |
| A2 | Kanto | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | Gakushuin Women's College / Japan Women's University / Meiji Gakuin University / Seijo University / St. Luke's College of Nursing / Tokyo Woman's Christian University / University of the Sacred Heart |
| A2 | Chubu | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | Nanzan University |
| A2 | Kansai | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts / Kansai University / Kyoto University of Foreign Studies / Kyoto Women's University |
| A2 | Chugoku | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | Notre Dame Seishin University |
| A2 | Shikoku | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | |
| A2 | Kyushu | All of the other National Universities | All of the other Public Universities | Seinan Gakuin University |
| B | Hokkaido | | | |
| B | Tohoku | | | |
| B | Kanto | | | Dokkyo University / Ferris University / Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing / Kagawa Nutrition University / Kanda University of International Studies / Kokugakuin University / Komazawa University / Mukogawa Women's University / Musashino University / Musashi University / Seikei University / Seisen University / Shibaura Institute of Technology / Shirayuri Women's University / Soka University / Tokyo University of Agriculture |
| B | Chubu | | | |
| B | Kansai | | | Bukkyo University / Kansai Gaidai University / Kobe College / Konan University / Ryukoku University |
| B | Chugoku | | | The Japanese Red Cross Hiroshima College of Nursing |
| B | Shikoku | | | |
| B | Kyushu | | | |