OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Patra chawl scam

The Patra Chawl scam was an alleged financial fraud case in Mumbai, India, involving the redevelopment of Patra Chawl (Siddharth Nagar) in Goregaon. The case centers around irregularities in a redevelopment project initiated in 2008, leading to investigations by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) for money laundering.

## Background

Patra Chawl, spread over 47 acres, housed 672 tenant families. In 2008, the Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Authority (MHADA) awarded a redevelopment contract to Guru Ashish Construction Pvt Ltd (GACPL), a subsidiary of Housing Development and Infrastructure Limited (HDIL).

## Scam

The Patra Chawl scam involves allegations against Guru Ashish Construction Pvt Ltd (GACPL), a subsidiary of Housing Development and Infrastructure Limited (HDIL). The redevelopment project, initiated by the Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Authority (MHADA) in 2008, aimed to rehabilitate 672 tenant families and construct additional flats for MHADA. GACPL is accused of misleading MHADA, selling Floor Space Index (FSI) to nine developers for Rs 901.79 crore, and failing to construct the promised flats.
The Enforcement Directorate launched a money laundering probe based on an FIR filed by Mumbai Police's Economic Offences Wing (EOW). Investigations revealed that Pravin Raut, a former director of GACPL, diverted Rs 95 crore for personal use, including acquiring land parcels and gifting properties. The ED estimates the total proceeds of crime at Rs 1,039.79 crore.

## Key figures involved

Key figures involved include Pravin Raut, former director of GACPL, and Sanjay Raut, a Shiv Sena (UBT) leader. The ED initiated a money laundering probe based on an FIR filed by Mumbai Police's Economic Offences Wing. Developments include asset attachments worth Rs 116.27 crore by ED and ongoing court proceedings.

## Impact

The scam has left 672 families without homes promised in the redevelopment project and has led to political controversies about corruption in Mumbai's real estate development.
# Nchimwani

Nchimwani is a settlement in Kenya's Eastern Province, Kitui County.Google (24 July 2024). "Nchimwani" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 24 July 2024.
# Primbee, New South Wales

Primbee is a small suburb of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. It is located on the northern end of the Windang Peninsula separating Lake Illawarra and the Pacific Ocean. Primbee is close to Windang and Warrawong in the Illawarra. It was originally referred to as “The Lake Suburb” until formally being named as Primbee. It is sometimes referred to as "The Upper Peninsula" or "The Upper Island". The latter refers to a local legend that there was once a second entrance to Lake Illawarra located between Primbee and Kemblawarra Industrial Park.

## History

The source of the name Primbee is uncertain. Farms in the area were owned in the 1860s by James Stewart, David James and Thomas Griffin. An 1893 map for the Parish of Wollongong shows the bay off Purry Burry Point as Primbee Bay. The area was subdivided and the land was offered for sale in 1919, not as Primbee but as "The Lake Suburb".
One resident of the area in the 1920s recalled that "I came to Primbee in 1920... My parents were one of the first to buy property, when the estate was cut up. It was called Lake Suburb Estate at the time. I don't known how it came to be called Primbee. No one here was asked or told. It just came."
The local public school (Primbee Public School) was established in 1938. The principal as of 2013 is Dorothy Cass. It had an enrolment of 80 students covering Kindergarten to Year 6 at the beginning of 2011.
# August 2016 Western United States wildfires

The August 2016 Western United States Wildfires is a natural disaster in the United States with flames engulfing California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington and Wyoming. Evacuations took place in Oregon, Nevada and Wyoming.
# North West Leicestershire by-election, 2010

%5B%5BWikipedia%3ARedirects+for+discussion%5D%5D+debate+closed+as+delete
#REDIRECT David Taylor (North West Leicestershire MP)
# Diane Hoh

Diane Hoh is an American author of young adult horror fiction, best known for her Nightmare Hall series and Point Horror novels. She grew up in Warren, Pennsylvania and moved back there permanently in 2021 after 33 years in Austin, Texas.

## Reception

Reception to Hoh's work has been mixed to positive. Titanic: The Long Night was positively received by The Hamilton Spectator.
# Article I, § 25

Article I, § 25 may refer to:
* 1998 Alaska Measure 2
* 2004 Michigan Proposal 04-2
# Mama Maaple

Mama Maaple is a Tamil serial that started broadcasting in 2010 on Sun TV, which aired on 5 December 2010 every Sunday at 8:30pm. This TV show marks the television debut of Pandiarajan. The series is directed by S. N. Sakthivel. and produced by Vision Time Tamil.

## Cast
### Main cast

* Pandiarajan as Rajapandi/Pandiarajan
* Aishwarya as Thenmozhi
* Kalpana (Malayalam actress) as Parimalam
* Mohan V. Raman as Balraman
* Thaadi Balaji as Balaji
* Madhumitha as Anushka
* Shobana
* Kumaresan as Driver Rajadurai
* Maaran as Neelananda Swamiji
* Kalaranjini
* Halwa Vasu as Doctor
* Nellai Siva
* Payilvan Ranganathan
* Bonda Mani
* Subbaraj V. M.
* Sundar
* Thenali
* Prema Priya as Nurse
* Suruli Manohar
* Lollu Sabha Manohar
* Poorni as Rosy
* Neepa
* Devi Priya as Angayarkanni
# Dark heart of Dunwich

The Dark Heart of Dunwich is piece of a Suffolk folklore, the origins of which appear to lie in the twelfth century.
The legend tells of how Eva, a Dunwich maiden due to be married to the son of a local landowner, fell instead for a good-looking local cad, who had his way with her and then deserted her, running off to sea. After waiting in vain for her lost love to return, she cut out her heart and hurled it into the sea. However, according to the legend, she was unable to die, and still haunts the area, particularly around the (constantly shifting) beach, where the land meets the sea. The heart itself, believed to be similar in appearance to a wooden heart, is believed to wash up occasionally, and bring great misfortune onto anyone who picks it up and keeps it.
# Normative economics

Normative economics (as opposed to positive economics) is the part of economics that deals with normative statements. It focuses on the idea of fairness and what the outcome of the economy or goals of public policy ought to be.
Economists commonly prefer to distinguish normative economics ("what ought to be" in economic matters) from positive economics ("what is"). Many normative (value) judgments, however, are held conditionally, to be given up if facts or knowledge of facts changes, so that a change of values may be purely scientific. On the other hand, welfare economist Amartya Sen distinguishes basic (normative) judgements, which do not depend on such knowledge, from nonbasic judgments, which do. He said, "no judgments are demonstrably basic" while some value judgments may be shown to be nonbasic. This leaves open the possibility of fruitful scientific discussion of value judgments.
Positive and normative economics are often synthesized in the style of practical idealism. In this discipline, sometimes called the "art of economics", positive economics is utilized as a practical tool for achieving normative objectives, which often involve policy changes or states of affairs.
An example of a normative economic statement is as follows:
       The price of milk should be $6 a gallon to give dairy farmers a higher living standard and to save the family farm.
This is a normative statement, because it reflects value judgments. This specific statement makes the judgment that farmers deserve a higher living standard and that family farms ought to be saved.
Normative economics predicates itself upon maximizing both an agents social and political utility, recognized as "aggregating interests".
Subfields of normative economics include social choice theory, cooperative game theory, and mechanism design.
Some earlier technical problems posed in welfare economics and the theory of justice have been sufficiently addressed as to leave room for consideration of proposals in applied fields such as resource allocation, public policy, social indicators, and inequality and poverty measurement.
# Shahmina

Shamina or Shah mina (Persian for "emperor's wool") refers to a type of shawl made from Cashmere wool in South Asia.
# Dance! Workout with Barbie

Dance! Workout with Barbie is a 1992 workout tape made for little girls which teaches children all kinds of different exercises, dances, and workout methods. Its purpose is to keep kids active and healthy. It featured a stop motion animated Barbie doll and a young Jennifer Love Hewitt among others.
This thirty minute workout tape is led by dance instructor Barbie. It is a fun way to motivate young girls and their mothers to workout together. The tape is recommended for girls ages seven to ten and has lots of pop dance tunes that are sure to keep you moving to the beat. Barbie is very encouraging throughout and even offers helpful tips to staying healthy.
# Akio Sohda

Akio Sohda (左右田 秋雄, Sōda Akio, born April 10, 1909, date of death unknown) was a Japanese field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Dalian, China. In 1932 he was a member of the Japanese field hockey team, which won the silver medal. He played two matches as back.
# Kaanapponnu

Kaanapponnu is a Malayalam novel written by dual writers, Parappurath and K. Surendran. The novel was published in December 1982 by the literary workers co-operative society. The novel is a novel by dual writers. After the death of Parappurath, the non-completed novel was completed by Surendran.

## Story line

A beautiful girl named Ribba, from a wealthy family, has to be so humbly married to a non-beautiful young man named Thomas Kutty, with a certain situation. The reluctance of Reeba to Thomas, Reeba creates tensions in their marriage life. Later, Reeba, whose familiarity with Thomas Kutty's beautiful Sunaramanayana Rao, knows the beauty of the minds of Thomas Kutty.

## History of the novel

Parappuram committed to write a novel as series in Deepika's weekly and he began. Unfortunately, the work couldn't completed because of his death. After his death, K. Surendran, a family friend of Parappuram continued and fulfilled the work with the help of Sangeetha, the youngest daughter of Parappurath.
# Sir Harry Parker, 6th Baronet

Sir Harry Parker, 6th Baronet (1735–1812), was from a naval family and inherited his title on the death of his father, Vice-Admiral Sir Hyde Parker, in 1782. Harry Parker bought Melford Hall in Suffolk in 1786, and the Baronetcy subsequently became known as "of Melford Hall". He was Chief Clerk to the Secretaries of the Board of Admiralty and, between 1782 and 1795, he was the secretary of the Board of Longitude. He retired from public service in 1795, and received a pension of £400. He married Bridget Cresswell in 1775 and had five children, William (who succeeded him as 7th Baronet), Louisa, Edmund, Hyde (who became 8th Baronet), and Sophia. He is buried in a vault in the churchyard of Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford in Suffolk, and there is a large memorial to him and his wife within the church. There is a portrait of him at Melford Hall, now a National Trust property and still the seat of the Hyde Parker family.
# Catherine Szpindor

Catherine Szpindor is an American political aide serving as the Chief Administrative Officer of the United States House of Representatives since 2020. She is the first woman to hold this position and oversights Member and Staff services, such as Finance, Procurement, Logistics and Support, Information Technology, Human Resources and Training, and additional business functions.

## Education

Szpindor holds a master’s degree in information systems from Mercer University’s Stetson School of Business and Economics. She also has a certificate in strategy and innovation from the Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a certificate in strategic business leadership from Georgetown University.

## Career

Szpindor began her tenure at the House in 2011 as the Director of Enterprise Applications. She was subsequently promoted to Deputy CIO and served as the “Acting CIO.” From December 2015 to December 2020, she held the position of Chief Information Officer. Throughout her time at the House, Szpindor oversaw enhancements to technology infrastructure and applications, the adoption of Cloud technologies, and the implementation of collaboration and conferencing tools to support remote work during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Before joining the House, Szpindor served as the Vice President of Information Technology at Thomas Nelson Community College. She also held the position of Vice President of Information Technology at Nextel, Sprint, and Sprint/Nextel, which is now known as T-Mobile. Catherine was honored by Washingtonian Magazine as one of DC’s 2023 Tech Titans and was recognized by Women We Admire as one of the top 50 women leaders in Virginia for 2024.
# Trump's politics

%5B%5BWikipedia%3ARedirects+for+discussion%5D%5D+debate+closed+as+delete
#REDIRECT Trumpism
# The Paper Soldier

The Paper Soldier is Hugh Laurie's second novel, originally scheduled to be released in September 2009, but now indefinitely delayed. It will be the follow-up to the British actor's first novel The Gun Seller, published in 1996.
The book will be released in the United States under the title The Paper Soldier, and in the United Kingdom as Paper Soldiers.
Amazon.com announced that this novel would be published in the middle of September 2007. However, as the date came and passed, Laurie's agent announced that this was a mistake on Amazon's part with his lawyer telling Mediabistro.com: "Not only is Hugh Laurie's new novel not coming out in the United Kingdom this week, Hugh hasn't even started writing it!".
Two years later, the scenario repeated itself. Due for a release in September 2009, the book never made it to the publisher. Laurie explained in a 26 August 2009 web chat hosted by The Los Angeles Times, and archived by a House fan website, "The Paper Soldier is late. Very late. Very very late." Neither Laurie, his agent, nor his publisher have stated when they expected the book to be finished.
# Masaki Inayoshi

Masaki Inayoshi (稲吉 正樹, Inayoshi Masaki) (born 1969) is the owner and founder of G.Communication, a Japanese kabushiki kaisha based in Nagoya, Japan. The company is an operator of restaurant chains, juku (cram schools), and eikaiwa (language schools).

## Early life

Born in Gamagori, Aichi Prefecture, Inayoshi started working as a local city official. In 1994 Inayoshi first opened a private cram school called "Ganbaru Gakuen"., which later became G.Communication, and quit the city office in 1995 to focus on his business.

## G.Communication

In November 2007, G.Communication took over Nova after it filed for bankruptcy in November 2007. Following the April 2010 bankruptcy of GEOS, G.Communication took over 230 schools owned by the company. Another round of closures on October 30, 2010, affected all GEOS schools on Kyushu and most on Shikoku. GEOS is again being downsized as it and Nova are personally reclaimed from G.Education by Inayoshi Capital. Per agreement, schools in Ito-Yokado supermarkets will stay open a few months longer.
On G.Communication's website, Inayoshi comments on his business philosophy, saying he runs the group as its owner because he wants to please his employees, who have invested their lives in him, and their families. To become profitable, Inayoshi said his company has to have the support of the public and franchise owners, as well as good relations with business partners and those involved with the firm.
# Corey Comperatore

Corey Comperatore was an American firefighter who was shot and killed during the attempted assassination of Donald Trump.

## Life and career

Corey Comperatore was born on June 16, 1974, in Natrona Heights, Pennsylvania to Karen Bird and Carl Comperatore. He attended Freeport Area School District in Sarver, Pennsylvania, graduating in 1992, after which he served in the United States Army for ten years.
He then worked as a project and tooling engineer and served as the fire chief of Buffalo Township Volunteer Fire Company.
In 1995, he married Helen Comperatore with whom he had two daughters.

## Assassination attempt and death

On July 13th 2024, Comperatore, an avid Trump supporter, attended Donald Trump’s rally in Butler, Pennsylvania as part of the 2024 United States presidential election. He was at the event with his daughters and wife.
At 6:11 pm, Thomas Matthew Crooks fired eights shots towards Trump and rally goers, injuring the former president and two others, while fatally wounding Comperatore. It has been reported that Comperatore died shielding his family from the bullets.

## Legacy

The Trump campaign organized a GoFundMe fundraising campaign for the rally goers who were wounded or killed, raising over $2 million by July 14. A GoFundMe was organized for Comperatore’s family and raised over $1.3 million, far exceeding the $7,000 goal.
Josh Shapiro, the governor of Pennsylvania, remarked that Comperatore “died a hero.”
Comperatore's firefighting uniform, with his name misspelled "Compertore", was brought on stage during Trump's speech at the 2024 Republican National Convention. Trump kissed Comperatore's helmet. Comperatore's funeral was held the next day on July 19.
On July 26th, Trump announced he would be returning to Butler for the first time since the shooting to honour Corey’s memory at a rally in his name.
# Liber colorum secundum Magistrum Bernardum

The Liber colorum secundum Magistrum Bernardum ('Book of Colours according to Master Bernard') is a medieval treatise on miniature painting and book illumination. Written in a Medieval Latin interspersed with several expressions in the Italian Lombard dialect it stems from 13th century Northern Italy. The eponymous Magister Bernardus (or 'Master Bernard') was most likely a cleric working in a scriptorium to whom later collections also attribute further artisanal instructions not related to book painting. It is contained within four manuscripts:
* Biblioteca Ambrosiana (Milan, Italy), ms. D 437 inf. (16th century)
* Bodleian Library (Oxford, England), ms. Canonici Misc. 128 (16th century)
* Biblioteca Estense (Modena, Italy), ms. T.7.3 (15th/16th century)
* Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library (New Haven, United States), MS 986 Insegnamento per pictori ed doratori: artist's manual (ca. 1440)

## Content

The original corpus ascribed to 'Master Bernard' himself amounts to 56 recipes. These treat:
* the gilding of parchment
* reds from Indian Redwood
* green earths and copper Greens
* lac (resin) and cinnabar reds
* azurite blues
* blues from woad (Isatis tinctoria)
* pinks
* orpiment
* minium reds
* whites from lime and lead white
* 'silverblue' (misnamed due to the high content of copper in medieval silver)
* blends for skin colours and clothes
* mosaic gold (‘purpurina’ or 'porporina'), one of the earliest European descriptions predating Cennino Cennini's Libro dell'arte from the 1420ties

## Editions and translations

The Liber colorum was first published, based on three manuscripts, with a translation into Italian and a commentary by the Milanese conservationist Paola Travaglio in 2008, followed by a 2016 re-edition after the discovery of a fourth textual witness. 2023 Travaglio and Thomas Reiser published a German version with an expanded [[Commentary (philology)|commentary].
* Paola Travaglio, Il Liber colorum secundum Magistrum Bernardum quomodo debent distemperari et temperari et confici, Un inedito trattato duecentesco di miniatura, in: Quaderni dell’Abbazia, Fondazione Abbatia Sancte Marie de Morimundo e Museo 15 (2008), pp. 2–41.
* Paola Travaglio, Il Liber colorum secundum magistrum Bernardum, Un trattato duecentesco di miniatura, in: Studi di Memofonte 16 (2016), pp. 149-195.
* Paola Travaglio and Thomas Reiser, Der ‚Liber colorum secundum magistrum Bernardum’, Ein Maltraktat des 13. Jahrhunderts, Neuedition, Übersetzung und Kommentar, Marktredwitz 2023, 64 pages. ISBN 979-8-85-9925766
# Pipedream
### Pipedream (company)

Pipedream is an innovative hyperlogistics company specializing in the development and implementation of underground autonomous delivery networks. Founded in 2021, Pipedream aims to revolutionize the logistics industry by creating efficient, sustainable, and high-speed delivery solutions that alleviate urban congestion and reduce carbon emissions.

#### History

Pipedream was founded by Garrett McCurrach in 2020 with the vision of transforming urban logistics through advanced technology. The company's headquarters are located in Austin, Texas. Since its inception, Pipedream has focused on developing cutting-edge delivery systems that operate below ground, using electric-powered delivery pods.

#### Technology

Pipedream's core technology involves an underground autonomous logistics network. This system utilizes fully electric delivery pods that travel through a network of underground tunnels, reaching speeds of up to 40 mph. The delivery pods are battery-operated and move through a network of rails, housed by a utility pipe exterior. The network is designed to reduce traffic congestion, noise, and emissions in urban areas.

#### Achievements

In 2024, Pipedream achieved several milestones that underscored its potential to reshape urban logistics:
* Testing: Successfully demonstrated delivery pods reaching speeds of up to 40 mph.
* Funding: Raised $13 million in seed funding led by Starship Ventures, with participation from Cortado Ventures, Myelin Ventures, and others.
* Market Interests: Secured 100 preorders from an undisclosed major customer, reflecting strong market interest.

#### Sustainability

Pipedream is committed to sustainability, aiming to reduce the environmental impact of logistics operations. The company’s use of underground robots alleviates above-ground congestion, simplifying delivery routes for couriers by reducing the overall distance between deliveries. This means drivers use less gas and have less impact on overall traffic.

#### Impact and Future Plans

Pipedream’s technology is expected to have a significant impact on urban living and business operations. In the immediate future, it promises faster and more reliable deliveries, improved customer satisfaction, and reduced urban congestion. Over the next five years, the company aims to scale its technology across multiple cities globally, creating new business opportunities and fostering economic growth in the logistics sector.
By providing a more efficient and environmentally friendly logistics solution, Pipedream is poised to transform the industry, contributing to a more sustainable and efficient future for urban areas worldwide.

#### External Links

* Official Website
* LinkedIn
* Curiosity Lab

#### References

* "Underground logistics startup Pipedream bags $13m in seed funding round led by Starship Ventures." Retail Technology Innovation Hub, 9 Jul 2024.
* "Pipedream Partners with Curiosity Lab to launch ‘world’s first’ underground autonomous logistics network." Robotics & Automation News, 15 Jul 2024.
* "Underground Delivery Company Pipedream Raises $13 Million." QSR Magazine, 24 Apr 2024.