OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# BenSw

Benjamin Hillel Swartz, better known as BenSw, is an American software engineer and tech activist known for the emote NotLikeThis which became an Internet meme in the mid-2010s.

## Early life

Swartz was born in Highland Park, Illinois to Jewish parents, Robert "Bob" Swartz and Susan Swartz. He is the youngest of three brothers. His oldest brother is the late Aaron Swartz who worked on RSS, Creative Commons, and Reddit. Aaron was already an established person in the tech community, which inspired Ben to join that field. Swartz later graduated from Brandeis University, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics.
He worked in Google in early-2010s, where he initially worked on combatting payment fraud in Google Play Store, and after his brother's death he led a team archiving the USENET posts in Google Groups to the Internet Archive as a tribute to him. He left Google in 2013.

## NotLikeThis

By 2015, Swartz was working for Twitch as a senior engineer. On July 23, 2015, Twitter user @FishStix posted an image of Swartz at Evolution Championship Series with his head buried in his hands after watching Super Smash Bros. Melee player HugS lose. FishStix suggested it would make a good emote. The name NotLikeThis is a quote from the 1999 movie The Matrix. The image was quickly adopted by Twitch users as an emote by later half of 2015, and on 2016, Twitch posted an interview with Swartz for #TwitchHistory in which he explained the emote's origins.

## After Twitch

After briefly becoming famous for NotLikeThis, Ben devoted his later years on Twitch as a tech activist in the company, advocating the company to take a stance in net neutrality in 2017 through gaining consensus with the executives and lawyers there. He left Twitch in early 2019 to work in Washington D.C. to work in tech and politics, and educating senators on issues related to digital platforms, data privacy, and intellectual property. In 2023 he started working as a Senior Technology Advisor in Federal Trade Commission, working on issues like regulating AI.
# Miss Earth Venezuela 2005

Miss Earth Venezuela 2005, or Sambil Models Caracas 2005, was the 1st Miss Earth Venezuela pageant held in Caracas, Venezuela, on June 1, 2005 in the Hard Rock Cafe Caracas. The winner was the model Alexandra Braun, and competed in the Miss Earth 2005 beauty pageant, in the Philippines, on October 23, 2005, when she won the first crown for Venezuela. She also won the special prize Best in Swimsuit.

## Results
### Placements

| Placement | Contestant |
| Sambil Models Caracas (Miss Earth Venezuela 2005) | Alexandra Braun |
| 1st Runner-Up | Shannon de Lima |
| 2nd Runner-Up | María Escalante |
| 3rd Runner-Up | Myriam Abreu |
| 4th Runner-Up | Susana Girardi |

### Awards

* Miss Internet: Alexandra Braun
* Miss Press: Alexandra Braun
* Miss Popularity: Stephanie Salazar
* Best Body: María Escalante
* Best Legs: Dayana Domínguez
* Most Beautiful Eyes: Susana Girardi
* Most Beautiful Face: Natalia Barrantes
* Most Beautiful Hair: Leonela Castro

## Contestants

15 contestants competed for the title.
* Alexandra Braun
* Ana Mazzocca
* Daniela Angarita
* Dayana Domínguez
* Gabriela Carrascal
* Johanna Vargas
* Leonela Castro
* Lorena Loera
* María Escalante
* Myriam Abreu
* Natalia Barrantes
* Shannon de Lima
* Stephanie Salazar
* Susana Girardi
* Yogheisa Adrián
# Municipalities in the Valencian Community

The following list is of important municipalities in the Valencian Community, an autonomous community of Spain:

## Provincial lists

The following links are to lists which are more detailed province-specific, and all municipalities in a given province are ranked by population.
* List of municipalities in Alicante
* List of municipalities in Castellón
* List of municipalities in Valencia

## By population

| Rank | Name | Population (2020) |
| 1 | Valencia | 800,215 |
| 2 | Alicante | 337,482 |
| 3 | Elche | 234,765 |
| 4 | Castellón de la Plana | 174,264 |
| 5 | Torrevieja | 84,667 |
| 6 | Torrent | 83,962 |
| 7 | Orihuela | 78,505 |
| 8 | Gandia | 75,798 |
| 9 | Paterna | 71,035 |
| 10 | Benidorm | 70,450 |
| 11 | Sagunto | 67,173 |
| 12 | Alcoy | 59,354 |
| 13 | San Vicente del Raspeig | 58,978 |
| 14 | Elda | 52,813 |
| 15 | Villarreal | 51,293 |
| 16 | Alzira | 44,938 |
| 17 | Mislata | 44,320 |
| 18 | Dénia | 42,827 |
| 19 | Burjassot | 38,632 |
| 20 | Ontinyent | 35,761 |
| 21 | Villajoyosa | 35,199 |
| 22 | Burriana | 35,052 |
| 23 | Petrer | 34,241 |
| 24 | Villena | 34,155 |
| 25 | Santa Pola | 33,303 |
| 26 | Aldaia | 32,204 |
| 27 | La Vall d'Uixó | 31,681 |
| 28 | Manises | 31,240 |
| 29 | Xirivella | 30,197 |
| 30 | Alaquàs | 29,711 |
# Nadeen Ayoub

Nadeen Ayoub (Arabic:نادين ايوب, romanized: Nadin Ayub; born December 1995) is a Palestinian beauty pageant titleholder and model who was awarded with the crown of Miss Palestine Earth 2022. Ayoub finished 3rd in Palestine's Miss Earth debut, Miss Earth 2022, positioning herself as its Miss Earth Water. Upon graduating from college, she contested once in Miss Europe, ranking 5th.
# Independent Media Center

Indymedia
# Ganapathi P. Rajkumar

Ganapathi P. Rajkumar is an Indian politician active in the state of Tamil Nadu. He served as the 5th mayor of Coimbatore from 2014 to 2016. He contested in the 2024 Indian general election from the Coimbatore Lok Sabha constituency as a candidate of the DMK.

## Early life and education

Rajkumar completed his Bachelor of arts (BA) degree in English Literature, Master of Arts (MA) degree in Mass Communication and Bachelor of Laws (LL.B). He subsequently completed his Doctorate degree (PhD) in Journalism and Mass communication.

## Politics

Rajkumar joined the AIADMK in 1989 and was elected as a councillor in the Coimbatore City Corporation in 2001. In the 2014 mayoral elections of Coimbatore, Rajkumar contested as the AIADMK candidate and won with a share of 420,104 votes after the BJP candidate came second with a share of 128,761 votes where neither the DMK nor the INC participated. Rajkumar was subsequently elected the mayor of Coimbatore, and served from 2014 to 2016. He previously held the position of Urban district secretary for the AIADMK.
Rajkumar joined the DMK on 21 December 2020 in the presence of M. K. Stalin as he felt he was sidelined by the leaders of the AIADMK. He is presently the DMK's Presidium Chairman of Coimbatore district.
For the 2024 Indian general election, he was selected by the DMK to contest from the Coimbatore Lok Sabha constituency.

## Electoral Career
### Lok Sabha Election

| Elections | Constituency | Party | Result | Votes obtained | Vote percentage | Opposition candidate | Opposition party | Opposition vote percentage |
| 2024 Indian general election | Coimbatore | DMK | Won | 5,68,200 | 41.4% | K. Annamalai | Bharatiya Janata Party | 32.8% |

### Municipal Corporation Mayor Direct Elections

| Elections | Corporation | Party | Result | Votes obtained | Opposition candidate | Opposition party | Opposition Votes obtained |
| 2011 Tamil Nadu local elections | Coimbatore | AIADMK | Won | 4,20,104 | Nandakumar | BJP | 1,28,761 |

## Personal life

Rajkumar was born to Palanisamy and Bhuvaneswari on 17th April 1965.
# Mariana Valente

Mariana Valente (born September 25, 1985) is a Brazilian-Canadian actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who won the Miss Universe Canada 2009 beauty pageant and represented Canada in Miss Universe 2009.

## Miss Universe Canada

She won the title of Miss Universe Canada 2009.
# Extreme croquet

Extreme Croquet is a variation on croquet mainly distinguished by its lack of any requirement pertaining to out-of-bounds or field specifications. A close relative of the croquet played in most backyards and gardens, but expanded by more adventurous enthusiasts and played throughout the world in conditions unfamiliar to official tournament players.

## Game setup

A typical extreme croquet game starts with location scouting, searching for terrain that might present interesting and novel challenges such as trees, roots, hills, sand, mud, or moving or still water. Play proceeds following the usual croquet rules, with alterations generally designed to handle circumstances not found in the garden game.
Traditional backyard croquet equipment can be used but is prone to damage. Mallets, made specifically for extreme croquet, are made from high-density polyethylene, aluminum, polycarbonate and other durable materials.

## Extreme croquet locations

Extreme croquet dates back to the 1920s, when fashionable people built courses with sand traps and other hazards in California and on Long Island. The world's oldest extreme croquet club was founded 1975 in Sweden. The first documented extreme croquet matches in the United States took place in Friendswood, Texas, around 1995. A group of college kids looking for a bit more excitement than the traditional game could offer began to test the boundaries of the sport.
Boston University is the home of BU International Extreme Croquet Society. The organization was founded in 2008. On April 5, 2010 BU Today featured a film on the club.
The Northwest Arkansas Nonprofessional-professional Extreme Croquet Association, or NANECA utilizes both urban and natural settings for its free flowing extreme croquet.
Dubuque, Iowa is well accepted as the national epicenter of extreme croquet. The midwest town boasts two competitive extreme croquet leagues. ADCA (All Dubuque Croquet Association) was founded by Norman Charles Freund in 1982 and DCA (Dubuque Croquet Association) was founded by Norman's youngest heir, Gabriel Martin Freund in 2003. Both leagues have been featured in national publications.
# Downholland moss

Downholland Moss is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. in Lancashire, England, located near the town of Formby. Geological deposits at the site have been used to reconstruct palaeoenvironments and past sea-level change.
Downholland Moss was one of several raised mires in Lancashire formed where glacial deposits allowed raised bogs to develop.
Part of the land area designated as Downholland Moss Site of Special Scientific Interest is owned by the Church Commissioners
# EV Carinae

EV Carinae is a red supergiant and pulsating variable star of spectral type M4Ia in the constellation Carina. It is a semiregular variable star with its apparent magnitude varying between 7.4 and 9.0 in the visible band, making it only seen by binoculars or a telescope. Various periods have been identified, but the dominant one is around 347 days. It is an MK spectral standard star for the class M4.5Ia.
EV Car is one of the largest known stars although its calculated properties depend on the distance used in the calculations. In the 1980s, based on an assumed distance of 4.2 kpc, EV Carinae was found to be an extremely luminous and large supergiant star with an luminosity between 550,000 and 675,000 times that of the Sun (L$_☉$), which would imply radii of 2,880 to 3,190 times the Sun's radius (R$_☉$) at a temperature of 2,930 K, making it larger than the orbit of Saturn.
More recently, new calculations of the distance derived closer distances below 3 kpc which would put EV Car part of the Carina OB2 association along the Carina Nebula and give the star lower luminosities below 300,000 L$_☉$, higher temperatures, and correspondingly lower radius values, while calculation of the bolometric luminosity based on a Gaia Data Release 2 parallax of 0.7759±0.1098 mas gives a luminosity below 50,000 L$_☉$ with a corresponding radius of 574 R$_☉$, but that value is considered unreliable due to a very high level of astrometric noise.
# Jonny Griffiths

Jonny Griffiths (born 15 September 1960 as Jonathan Paul Griffiths) is an English mathematician, and former member of the Jazz vocal harmony group Harvey and the Wallbangers. He was a member of the jazz group from 1981 until 1987. Since then he became a maths teacher and has authored or co-authored numerous books mainly to do with mathematics since then.

## Early life

Born in Dartford, Kent in 1960, Griffiths moved to Malaysia with his family where his father worked as a water engineer, and his mother as a doctor. He returned to Kent in 1968 and attended Dulwich College on a state scholarship. After doing well there he won a mathematics scholarship to Clare College, Cambridge. At Cambridge In his second year he was awarded the Thirkill prize (named for Henry Thirkill) and he graduated in 1982. Durin his time at Clare College he met Harvey Brough, who invited him to join Harvey and the Wallbangers.

## Harvey and the Wallbangers

While at Cambridge, Griffiths joined Harvey and the Wallbangers. Along with Griffiths and Harvey Brough, the band's members included Christopher Purves, Jeremy Taylor, Neil McArthur (who performed under the name Reg Prescott), Richard Allen and Andrew Huggett. Each band member but Huggett, the drummer, contributed vocally to the music as well as playing a variety of instruments. The Wallbangers’ music drew on a variety of musical genres, including doo-wop, blues rock and vocal harmony.
Harvey and the Wallbangers’ first performance was at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1981; they subsequently performed in a number of venues before becoming a full-time enterprise in 1983. Between then and 1987, they performed new stage shows regularly and in a variety of venues, including the Royal Albert Hall, Sadler's Wells Theatre, The Forum, Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club and the Tempodrom in Berlin, and made many television appearances. The band also performed at the Royal Variety Performance in 1984, and recorded an album with Simon Rattle in 1987.

## Mathematics education
### Teaching Career

After performing with them for 6 years, in 1987 Griffiths left the group. Shortly thereafter Harvey and the Wallbangers would dissolve following a final tour. Following his departure from the group, Griffiths became a maths teacher at St Philip Howard comprehensive school in Tower Hamlets. Since then he has gone on to work at a variety of schools in England including: St Dominic's Sixth Form College, Paston College in Norfolk, and most recently Frome College in Somerset.
He announced his retirement from teaching on Twitter 'X' in September 2023.

### Educational Resources

Along with teaching, Griffiths has also written for the Association of Teachers of Mathematics, HarperCollins, Hodder & Stoughton, Imperial College, Mathematics in Education and Industry, and Underground Mathematics. As well as this he is the creator of the A level mathematics competition 'Ritangle', He also made the educational resource 'Carom Maths', a website containing maths questions of varying difficulty aimed at "bridging the gap between A-level and University" for A-level maths & further maths students.
# List of England rugby union footballers killed in the World Wars

The following is a List of England international rugby union footballers killed in the World Wars. The number of caps they gained is in brackets. Where it is e.g. 9+1, the second number is the number of Lions caps.

## First World War

There were 27 players killed in the First World War.
* Harry Alexander; (7) died on 17 October 1915 Aged 35
* Henry Berry; (4) died on 9 May 1915, Aged 32.
* Henry Brougham, died on 18 February 1923 (of war wounds), Aged 34.
* Arthur James Dingle; (3) died on 22 August 1915, Aged 23
* George Eric Burroughs Dobbs, (1) died on 17 June 1917, Aged 32.
* Leonard Haigh, (7) died on 6 August 1916 Aged 29.
* Reginald Harry Myburgh Hands, (2) ("Reggie Hands") died on 20 April 1918, Aged 29 Hands was a South African who played cricket for South Africa and rugby for England.
* Arthur Leyland Harrison VC; (2) died on 23 April 1918, Aged 32
* Harold Augustus Hodges; (2) died on 24 March 1918, Aged 32
* Rupert Edward Inglis; (3) died on 18 September 1916, Aged 53
* Percy Dale Kendall; (3) died on 21 January 1915, Aged 34
* John Abbott King; (12) died on 9 August 1916, Aged 32
* Ronald Lagden; (1) died on 3 March 1915, Aged 26
* Douglas Lambert; (7) died on 13 October 1915, Aged 32
* Alfred Frederick Maynard; (3) died on 13 November 1916, Aged 22
* Edgar Roberts Mobbs, (7) ("Mobbsy") died on 29 July 1917, Aged 37
* William Moore Bell Nanson; (2) died on 4 June 1915, Aged 34
* Francis Eckley Oakeley; (4) died on 25 November 1914, Aged 23
* Robert Pillman; (1) died on 9 July 1916, Aged 23
* Ronald William Poulton-Palmer, (17) ("Ronnie Poulton") died on 5 May 1915, Aged 25
* John Raphael, (9+1) died on 11 June 1917, Aged 35
* Reginald Oscar Schwarz MC, ("Reggie Schwarz") (3) died on 18 November 1918, Aged 43 Schwarz also played cricket for South Africa and rugby union for England.
* Lancelot Slocock; (8) died on 9 August 1916, Aged 29
* Francis Nathaniel Tarr; (4) died on 18 July 1915, Aged 27
* Alexander Todd, (2+4) died on 21 April 1915, Aged 41
* James Henry Digby Watson; (3) died on 15 October 1914, Aged 24.
* Charles Edward Wilson; (1) died on 17 September 1914, Aged 43
* Arthur James Wilson, (1) died on 1 July 1917, Aged 29

## Second World War

There were 15 players killed in the Second World War:
* Brian Black (10+5)
* Lewis Booth (7)
* Paul Cooke (2)
* Vivian Gordon Davies (2)
* H.D. Freakes (3)
* R.A. Gerrard (14)
* W. G. E. Luddington (13)
* Mike Marshall (5)
* John Selwyn Moll (2 Lions caps)
* Alexander Obolensky (4)
* Ernest Ian Parsons(1)
* Henry Rew (10+4)
* Christopher Champain Tanner (5)
* Derek Edmund Teden (3)
* N.A. Wodehouse (14)
# V/Vm Test Records

V/Vm Test records was a record label based in Stockport, England and was started by James Leyland Kirby (V/Vm) and Andrew Macgregor (Jansky Noise, Animal) in 1996. It did not have an overseas division, so releases on it tend to be collectable outside of the United Kingdom.
The label released artists works from a wide variety of genres, including noise, soundscape, breakcore, mashup and many more that don't fit comfortably into any genre. Notable acts on V/Vm Test included Jega, Kid606, Hell Interface (Boards of Canada), Kevin Blechdom, Goodiepal, Knifehandchop and Datach'i.
V/Vm Test Records were notable for their rebellious approach, often involving blatant copyright infringement, the most notable of which were the artists V/Vm themselves, often taking a popular song and running it through various filters, the end result being a de-tuned and distorted version of the original. The album Sick Love contains several notable examples of this style, as well as the frequent references to pigs that colour most V/Vm releases.
V/Vm Test was instrumental in giving away free and unrestricted downloads since 1997 on his website and via various V/Vm Test associated Microsites. In 2006, V/Vm set up an additional label, Vukzid, and also a number of extra microsites which gave away free audio and visual content along with working on a unique daily project which saw the artist V/Vm record at least one piece of audio per day which was then uploaded and given away for free (for the whole of 2006).
In 2007, V/Vm Test also launched the Freenoise Archives, which has over 3GB of out of print noise releases available for free download via a microsite.
At the end of 2008, V/Vm Test Records ceased its operations and changed to History Always Favours The Winners.
# Novomoskovskaya (Moscow Metro)

Novomoskovskaya (Новомоско́вская) is the name of two stations of the Moscow Metro:
* Novomoskovskaya (Sokolnicheskaya line), opened in 2019, formerly named Kommunarka
* Novomoskovskaya (Troitskaya line), to be opened in 2024
# Het Rijk

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#REDIRECT Politics of the Netherlands
# One weird trick

"One weird trick" (also "one simple trick") advertisements are a form of clickbait online advertising that has been common on the Internet since around the late 2000s. The formula used in the advertisements was first applied to weight-loss products, but has since been extended to cures for problems including hair loss and diabetes. A Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigation found that many of the advertisements sold "trial" packages that were never sent. The FTC filed legal action in 2011 against promoters of such advertisements for defrauding millions of people.
# Tadhana (TV series)

Tadhana may refer to:
* Tadhana (TV series), a 2017 Philippine television drama anthology series
* "Tadhana", a 2012 song by Up Dharma Down
# Buddhism in Slovakia

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] Buddhism is not officially recognized as a religion in Slovakia. As of January 2021, Buddhists numbered 6,722 or 0.12% of the population.
Various Buddhist schools, including all three traditional vehicles (Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana), are active as either informal groups or civil associations. Theravada is represented by groups of vipassana practitioners. Several Zen schools, including disciples of Sando Kaisen, and the Korean Kwan Um School, represent the Mahayana. Vajrayana schools include Nyingma practitioners following Namkai Norbu Rinpoche. The Diamond Way organisation founded and directed by Ole Nydahl is also active in Slovakia.

## History

After World War II, Czechoslovakia (later to be known as Slovakia) was reconstituted as a socialist state and religious freedoms were restricted. Article 32 of the 1960 Constitution of Czechoslovakia established the freedom of religion for individuals. Along with immigration and globalization, the number of Buddhists and influence of Buddhism in Slovakia slowly increased. However, the influence and spread of Buddhism remained obscure as adherents amounted to less than 1% of the population. Buddhism has been acknowledged in Slovakia, however, and leaders of Buddhist traditions have been welcomed. In 2016, president of Slovakia Andrej Kiska met with the Dalai Lama in Bratislava and described it as a “privilege” to meet with the Tibetan spiritual leader.

## Demographic

According to the 2021 census, the number of adherents to Buddhism numbered 6,722 or 0.12% of the population. Buddhism is not recognized as a state religion in Slovakia as it does not meet the requirement of at least 50,000 adherents, and is thereby registered as a civic association. In 2022, the Public Defender of Rights (ombudsperson) stated that the registration requirements were unreasonable, discriminatory, and unnecessary; the Ministry of Culture refused to initiate a legal change.
# Masaki Fujita

Masaki Fujita (born 17 January 1985) is a Japanese para-cyclist who competes in road and track events.

## Career

Fujita has won five medals at the Summer Paralympic Games. Two silver medals and a bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics, a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in the road time trial C3 event, and a silver medal at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in the road time trial C3 event.
He represented Japan at the 2020 Summer Paralympics and finished in sixth place in the road race C1–3, seventh place in the road time trial C3, eighth place in the individual pursuit C3, and 14th place in the time trial C1–3 event.
In October 2023, he competed at the 2022 Asian Para Games in cycling and won gold medals in the individual pursuit C3 and road time trial C1–3, and a bronze medal in the road race C1–3 events.
In March 2024, he represented Japan at the 2024 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships and won a bronze medal in the scratch race C3 event. In September 2024, he then competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics and finished in seventh place in the road time trial C3 and 15th place in the road race C1–3 events.