OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2023 Hamburg Airport hostage incident

On 4 November 2023, 20:00 CET time, an armed man drove through a security barrier and onto the tarmac at Hamburg Airport in Germany. The man parked his car under a plane with his four-year-old daughter. The man shot a weapon twice in the air and threw burning bottles from his vehicle. He was arrested without resistance ending the 18-hour standoff. The authorities believe the cause was a "custody dispute".

## Incident

Hours before the standoff, the suspect's ex-wife, who was based in Stade, Lower Saxony, reported a possible child kidnapping to the police. At around 20:00 local time (19:00 GMT) on 4 November, a 35-year-old Turkish national, drove a rental car through a security gate at Hamburg Airport, 52 kilometers away, and parked under a Turkish Airlines aircraft demanding to be allowed on board to fly to Turkey with his daughter. He fired a weapon twice in the air and threw two incendiary devices from his car. Authorities said the commercial flight was preparing to take off, forcing the evacuation of everyone on board through a gangway.
A spokesperson for Hamburg police said the suspect had been in an "exceptional psychological situation due to custody disputes with his ex-wife" and disagreed with some decisions made by authorities in relation to his daughter's custody arrangements. The suspect also described his life as "a heap of shards". In 2022, he was placed under investigation after he had travelled to Turkey with his daughter without permission from the girl's mother, who brought her back to Germany. A spokesperson for prosecutors later confirmed that the suspect had no weapons permit.
As a result of the incident, the airport was closed and all flights were suspended. Around half of departures and arrivals planned for 5 November were cancelled, while some flights were diverted. The airport management warned that further complications were expected to continue. Hundreds of stranded passengers were put up in hotels.
The incident came three weeks after German federal police received an emailed threat of an attack on an Iran Air flight arriving at the airport.

## Negotiations and resolution

Psychologists, negotiation specialists and special forces were deployed to the airport, while talks with the suspect were conducted in Turkish. After 18 hours, the suspect surrendered to authorities "without resistance" and was arrested. His daughter was found to be unharmed. Prosecutors said they were seeking to charge him on suspicion of hostage-taking, removal of a minor and violations of weapons laws.

## Aftermath

Operations at the airport returned to normal on 6 November, while the facility's operator promised to "implement further construction measures to strengthen possible entry points to the security area". The perpetrator was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment by a Hamburg court.
# Shore railway station

vteSouthend Pier Railway (1986-present) :
Legend :
Shore railway station is a small railway station on the Southend Pier Railway, which serves Southend Pier in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England. It is served by the shuttle train to and from Pier Head railway station. The train that serves the station is not part of National Rail. The station has two platforms, with two narrow gauge tracks running the 1.34 mile (2.16 km) long route.

## Services

The system operates a half-hourly service when Southend Pier is open, and two trains can operate during busy times.
# Neil Inglis

Neil Inglis (born 10 September 1974) is a Scottish retired professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper in the Scottish League for a number of clubs, most notably Queen's Park, Berwick Rangers and Arbroath. After his retirement, he became a goalkeeping coach for Dunfermline Athletic.

## Honours

Linfield
* Irish League Cup: 1998–99
Queen's Park
* Scottish League Third Division: 1999–00
Ards
* Irish League First Division: 2000–01
# Thomas Close

Thomas Close FSA (12 February 1796 – 25 January 1881) was an English antiquarian and archaeologist.

## Biography

Thomas Close was born in Manchester on 12 February 1796 to John Close, a merchant of the city, and his wife, Mary.
Close was a keen antiquarian and archeologist, engaging mostly in heraldic and genealogical research. Close created several illuminated pedigrees of royal and noble families, including some elaborate ones of the Tattershall and Wake families. He authored a work on the Saxon religious foundation, St Mary's Church, Nottingham, entitled St. Mary's Church, Nottingham: Its Probable Architect and Benefactors: With Remarks on the Heraldic Window Described by Thoroton (Nottingham, 1866). Close penned an unpublished work on Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, which is now held at the National Art Library, in the Victoria and Albert Museum.
Close was the member of several societies and organisations. On 10 May 1855, he was made a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1836, he was one of the founders and original members of the Reform Club - a London-based, Whig gentleman's club - and was the Grand Master of the Masonic province of Nottingham. Close was also a chevalier of the honorary Belgian Order of Leopold, and a member of several other foreign orders. Close was vice-president of his local Nottingham British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1866.
Close's wife died on 22 January 1881, and, three days later, on 25 January, Close died at his home in St James's Street, Nottingham. Close left less than £60,000 in his will.
# Atami Yowado

Atami Yowado (熱海陽和洞), Koyata Iwasaki Memorial Museum, was a second house of Koyata Iwasaki (岩崎小彌太), the fourth and last president of the Old Mitsubishi Organization, located in Atami, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. It emulates the 16th century British Tudor style.
In April 1978, member companies of the Mitsubishi Kinyokai, core 29 companies of Mitsubishi Group, inaugurated "Management committee of Atami Yowado" (熱海陽和洞管理委員会). Atami Yowado is exclusively opened for members of the committee.
# Adrenalina 2

Adrenalina 2 (Adrenaline 2) is the special edition of the second album Adrenalina by the Italian pop rock group Finley. It includes some new English versions of the previous songs ("All I've Got", "My Blinded Eyes", "Just For You", "Driving To Nowhere" and "Drops Of Time"). The cover is different as well. (It has rainbow faces of the members of the band on the front, while the cover of Adrenalina is yellow). There is also a feature with the Mexican singer Belinda, the new single "Your Hero", and a cover of the song "Iris" by Goo Goo Dolls. There are two live tracks too: "Niente da perdere" (Nothing to lose) and "Medley" in Milan, composed by their three debut songs "Diventerai una star" (You're gonna be a star), "Fumo e Cenere" (Smoke and ash), and "Tutto è Possibile" (Everything is possible).
There is also a version of this album that includes a CD and a DVD, that includes a slideshow of their best photos.
This album made Finley win the Platinum Disc only a few weeks later.

## Track list

All songs written and composed by Marco Pedretti, Carmine Ruggiero, Stefano Mantegazza and Danilo Calvio.
* "Ad occhi chiusi" (With my closed eyes) – 3.42
* "Domani" (Tomorrow) – 3.48
* "Adrenalina" (Adrenaline) – 2.55
* "Mai più" (Never Again) – 4.04
* "Driving to Nowhere" – 3.13
* "Ricordi" (Memories) – 3.58
* "Qui per voi" (Here for you) – 4.11
* "Drops of time" – 2.53
* "C'è qualcosa che non va" (There is something wrong) – 3.11
* "Questo sono io" (This is me) – 3.17
* "Voglio" (I want) – 3.16
* "Satisfied" – 3.14
* "Lies are all around me" – 3.23
* "Iris" – 3.28
* "Your Hero" – 3.59
* "My Blinded Eyes" – 3.41
* "All I've got" – 3.10
* "Just For You" – 4.15
* "Medley live: Fumo e cenere/Diventerai una star/Tutto è possibile" (Smoke and ash/You'll become a star/Everything is possible) – 4.32
* "Niente da perdere" (Nothing to lose) – 3.37

## Singles

* "Ricordi" (Memories) (February 26, 2008)
* "Your Hero" (March 3, 2008)
* "Ad occhi chiusi" (With my closed eyes) (May 26, 2008)

## Personnel

* Marco Pedretti – lead vocals
* Carmine Ruggiero – guitars, vocals
* Stefano Mantegazza – bass, vocals
* Danilo Calvio – drums, vocals
# Kart

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#REDIRECT Kart racing
# Chavda (Rajput clan)

Chavda also called Chapotkata is a Rajput clan that ruled over Chavda dynasty of Gujarat. The Chavdas also ruled the princely state of Mansa.
# Łapy (Train Station)

Łapy Station is a railway station located in Łapy. The station, located in the center of the town, was first opened in December 1862 as part of the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw railway system (now Line 6 – Zielonka to Kuźnica Białostocka). In 1893, Railway Line 36 (Ostrołęka to Łapy) was opened, with Łapy station along its route. The station has two platforms.
# TOM (programming language)

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#REDIRECT Tom#Acronyms
# List of speakers of the Goa Legislative Assembly
## List of speakers

| Assembly | Name | Party | Party | Tenure | Tenure |
| Assembly | Name | Party | Party | Term start | Term end |
| | Pandurang Purushottam Shirodkar | | MGP | 10 January 1964 | 11 April 1967 |
| | Gopal Kamat | | MGP | 13 April 1967 | 23 March 1972 |
| | Narayan Fugro | | IND | 24 March 1972 | 20 January 1980 |
| | Froilano Machado | | INC | 21 January 1980 | 22 March 1984 |
| | Dayanand Narvekar | | INC | 5 April 1984 | 16 September 1989 |
| | Luis Proto Barbosa | | INC | 22 January 1990 | 14 April 1990 |
| | Surendra Sirsat | | MGP | 26 April 1990 | 4 April 1991 |
| | Sheikh Hassan Haroon | | INC | 26 July 1991 | 15 January 1995 |
| | Tomazinho Cardozo | | INC | 16 January 1995 | 14 June 1999 |
| | Pratapsingh Rane | | INC | 15 June 1999 | 11 June 2002 |
| | Vishwas Satarkar | | BJP | 12 June 2002 | 28 February 2005 |
| | Francisco Sardinha (pro-tem) | | INC | 28 February 2005 | 8 July 2005 |
| | Francisco Sardinha | | INC | 8 July 2005 | 11 June 2007 |
| 5th | Pratapsingh Rane | | INC | 15 June 2007 | 6 March 2012 |
| 6th | Rajendra Arlekar | | BJP | 16 March 2012 | 1 October 2015 |
| 6th | Anant Shet | | BJP | 12 January 2016 | 11 March 2017 |
| 7th | Pramod Sawant | | BJP | 22 March 2017 | 19 March 2019 |
| 7th | Rajesh Patnekar | | BJP | 19 March 2019 | 10 March 2022 |
| 8th | Ramesh Tawadkar | | BJP | 29 March 2022 | Incumbent |
# Episcopal Diocese of Milwaukee

Episcopal Diocese of Milwaukee, originally the Diocese of Wisconsin was the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America located in the southern area of Wisconsin. It is in Province V (for the Midwest region). The Rt. Reverend Steven Miller was the most recent bishop, serving until December 31, 2020. Jeffrey D. Lee served as bishop provisional from 2021 to 2023.

## Cathedral

The see city was Milwaukee. Cathedral Church of All Saints, Milwaukee was the mother church.

## History

The diocese was formed after Jackson Kemper was named the Episcopal Church's first missionary bishop and oversaw the church's mission to the Northwest Territories from 1835 to 1859. He became provisional bishop of Wisconsin from 1847 to 1854 and first bishop of the Diocese of Wisconsin from 1854 to 1870.
In 1875, the Diocese of Fond du Lac was created to serve the northeastern 26 counties of the state. The Diocese of Eau Claire, was carved out of the diocese in 1928 for the counties in the northwestern part of Wisconsin. The Diocese of Wisconsin became the Diocese of Milwaukee in 1886.
During the first two decades of the 21st century, membership declined from 15,000 to 8,000.
In 2021, it was announced that the diocese of Fond du Lac, Eau Claire, and Milwaukee would contemplate entering an agreement of greater collaboration. In October 2021, it was announced that the three dioceses would actively pursue reuniting as one diocese in Wisconsin. On May 4, 2024, the three dioceses voted to approve reunion as the Diocese of Wisconsin. The merger agreement received approval at General Convention in June 2024.

## Bishops

* Jackson Kemper (1859-1870)
* William Edmond Armitage (1870-1873)
* Edward Randolph Welles (1874-1888)
* Cyrus Frederick Knight (1889-1891)
* Isaac Lea Nicholson (1891-1906)
* William Walter Webb (1906-1933)
* Benjamin Franklin Price Ivins (1933-1952)
* Donald Hathaway Valentine Hallock (1953-1973)
* Charles Thomas Gaskell (1974-1985)
* Roger J. White (1985-2003)
* Steven Andrew Miller (2003-2020)
* Jeffrey D. Lee, bishop provisional (2021-2023)

## Education

Nashotah House, in Nashotah, which is a seminary for the Episcopal Church, and St. John's Northwestern Military Academy in Delafield, Wisconsin, a private Episcopal military academy, are also located in the Diocese of Milwaukee.
Cadle Mission and Racine College were also located in the diocese.

## Parishes in the diocese

* St. James Episcopal Church, Milwaukee is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
* St. Matthew's Episcopal Church, Kenosha is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
* St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Milwaukee is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# Barry University School of Podiatric Medicine

Barry University School of Podiatric Medicine is a podiatric medical school in the United States. It is located in Miami Shores, Florida. The school was founded in 1985 as the first podiatric medical college to be part of a university. It is one of several schools of Barry University.
Barry University School of Podiatric Medicine has graduated more than 1000 podiatric physicians since its inception in 1985. The Center for Community Health and Minority Medicine, the first of several medical sciences facilities for the Doctor in Podiatry and Physician Assistant Master students, began construction in 2007. A short walk west from the main campus, it is currently the new location of Barry University's School of Podiatric medicine. The school has affiliations with such Miami hospitals as: Mount Sinai Medical Center & Miami Heart Institute, Mercy Hospital, DVA Miami, North Shore Medical Center and Jackson Memorial Hospital. The Dean of the school is Bryan Caldwell, DPM, MD.
# Electricity sector in Albania

Albania was one of only two countries in the world (along with Paraguay) whose entire electricity production was dependent on hydroelectric power.
In 2021 electricity consumed was 6,51 billion kWh with 5.31 billion kWh produced, the rest imported.
In December 2023 work began on a new 400kV interconnecter between Albania and North Macedonia to improve the integration of Albania into the regional power system.

## Energy sources
### Hydroelectric

It is host to five Hydroelectric power stations and a plant including the Fierza, Koman, Skavica and Vau i Dejës which are situated on the Drin river, due to its significant role for the production of electricity in the country. The Albanian Devoll Hydropower company is building two hydroelectricity plants on the Devoll river near Banjë and Moglicë. The two plants are expected to be completed in 2016 and 2018. After its completion, it will produce 729 GWh annually, increasing electricity production in Albania by almost 17%.
Hydroelectric power generated in 2020 amounted to 5.27 billion kWh.

### Solar

Agreements in 2017 led to the financing of solar power plants which by 2020 were producing 32m kWh of electricity.
In December 2023 a 140-MW solar park, covering 200 hectares of land at Karavasta, operated by Voltalia SA, began operations.

### Wind

The development of wind power was also planned in 2017 with 150 MW expected in 2020. An auction in 2023 awarded 222.48 MW of onshore wind.

### Nuclear

Albania presently has no nuclear power plants. In 2007 the government discussed constructing a nuclear power plant at Durrës. In addition to meeting the domestic energy demands, the plan foresaw electricity export to neighbouring Balkan countries and Italy via an underwater cable, which would link the Italian and Albanian electricity networks. In April 2009, Albania and Croatia announced a plan to jointly construct a 1,500 MWe nuclear power plant on the shores of Lake Skadar (Lake Shkodër), near Albania's border with Montenegro. As of 2016, Albania has no plans to build any nuclear power plants in the foreseeable future.
# Michael Hopfes

Michael Hopfes (born 11 February 1976), is a German former competitive figure skater who competed in men's singles. He competed at five Champions Series/Grand Prix events and placed 21st at the 1997 World Championships.

## Results

GP: Champions Series / Grand Prix
International :
| Event | 92–93 | 93–94 | 94–95 | 95–96 | 96–97 | 97–98 | 98–99 | 99–00 |
| Worlds | | | | | 21st | | | |
| GP Nations Cup | | | | | | 10th | | |
| GP Skate America | | | | 10th | | 7th | 9th |
| GP Skate Canada | | | | | | | 9th | |
| Trophée de France | | | 10th | | | | | |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | | | | 10th | 5th | 7th | | |
| International: Junior |||||||||
| Junior Worlds | 12th | 14th | | | | | | |
| National |||||||||
| German Champ. | | | | 3rd | 2nd | 3rd | 3rd | 2nd |
# Tiako I Madagasikara

Tiako I Madagasikara (TIM, lit. 'I Love Madagascar'; French: J'aime Madagascar) is a political party in Madagascar founded on July 3, 2002, to support President Marc Ravalomanana. After the parliamentary election held on September 23, 2007, it was the largest party in the National Assembly of Madagascar, with 106 of 127 seats. The party is located in MAGRO Ankorondrano, Antananarivo. Ravalomanana was re-elected with 55.79% in the December 2006 presidential election.
Solofonantenaina Razoarimihaja was the President of TIM from 2002 to 2007. On October 12, 2007, he was succeeded by Yvan Randriasandratriniony, who became the Interim National President. Randriasandratriniony was officially elected as President of TIM on May 21, 2008, at the party's second national congress. Rina Randriamasinoro was the party's Secretary-General in 2023.
Ravalomanana led his personal movement in the 2013, 2018, and 2023 presidential elections.

## Election results
### Presidential elections

| Election | Candidate | 1st round | 1st round | 2nd round | 2nd round | Results |
| Election | Candidate | # | % | # | % | Results |
| 2001 | Marc Ravalomanana | 2,306,600 | 51.46% | — | — | Elected Y |
| 2006 | Marc Ravalomanana | 2,435,199 | 54.79% | — | — | Elected Y |
| 2013 | Jean Louis Robinson | 955,534 | 21.10% | 1,791,336 | 46.51% | Lost N |
| 2018 | Marc Ravalomanana | 1,760,837 | 35.35% | 2,060,847 | 44.34% | Lost N |
| 2023 | Marc Ravalomanana | 586,282 | 12.09% | — | — | Lost N |
* ↑ Supported AVANA's candidate Jean Louis Robinson.

### National Assembly elections

| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
| 2002 | Marc Ravalomanana | 1,325,743 | 34.30% | 103 / 160 | New | 1st | Supermajority government |
| 2007 | Marc Ravalomanana | | | 105 / 151 | 105 | 1st | Supermajority government |
| 2013 | Marc Ravalomanana | 416,732 | 10.77% | 20 / 151 | 85 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 2019 | Marc Ravalomanana | 435,740 | 10.80% | 16 / 151 | 14 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 2024 | Marc Ravalomanana | 768,779 | 14.21 | 22 / 163 | 6 | 2nd | TBD |
# Operation Vajrasakti / Qaidat

The Operation Qaidat was launched by the Pakistani Army in order to take control of the Qaid peak. Detecting Pakistani movements, the Indian Army initiated the Operation Vajrasakti

## Background

During July, 1987, the Indian Army was positioned at critical positions, seeing an opportunity the Pakistani Army achieved success by seizing the control of the Bilafond La, which was named as the Quaid post.The Pakistani army held Quaid post overlooked the areas of Bilafond La which offered the Indian Army an advantage. On 25 June 1987, under the leadership of Brig. Gen. Chandan Nugyal, Major Varinder Singh, Naib Subedar Bana Singh and Lt. Rajiv Pande, Indian Army launched a successful offensive and took control of the Quaid Post. Naib Subedar Bana Singh for his actions in the offensive, the Quaid post was renamed after him as the "Bana Post"

## The Conflict

For their counter offense, the Pakistani Army deployed units from Pakistan Army SSG (1st and 3rd battalions) and went on to assemble a major task force at the newly constructed Khaplu garrison. The Indian Army established several bunkers, trenches and posts, from where they carried out offensives against the Pakistani troops . Captain Iqbal was in charge providing necessary assistance to the Pakistani troops . Upon demand, Iqbal with his platoon marched from the frontline inflicting damage to the opposition and climbed the high steeps of Siachen with a gun, upon reaching the Indian posts he was killed by the Indian forces . However, the offensive was replused by the Indian Army .
# Grupo Latino de Radio

Grupo Latino de Radio (GLR) is the U.S. subsidiary of PRISA Radio, holding company for Grupo PRISA's radio assets. GLR operates two radio stations in the U.S. (Caracol WSUA 1260AM in Miami and W Radio XEWW 690AM in Southern California). GLR Networks is the content production and distribution arm that supplies Spanish language radio stations in the U.S. with news services and stories focused on sports, entertainment and community programming, as well as a variety of musical formats.
# Nine-headed Bird

The nine-headed bird (九頭鳥), also called the "Nine Phoenix" (九鳳), is one of the earliest forms of the fenghuang, worshipped by ancient natives in Hubei Province, which during the Warring States period was part of the kingdom of Chu (楚). Due to the hostile relationship between the Kingdom of Chu and its former overlord, the reigning Zhou Dynasty, the nine-headed bird, being the totem creature of the Chu people, was demonised as a result.
In modern China, "nine-headed bird" is a derogatory term for Hubei people, used to mock Hubei people for being "cunning and deceitful." A famous proverb is "Above heaven there are nine-headed birds, on earth there are cunning Hubei people".
# Al Lachowicz

Allen Robert Lachowicz (born September 6, 1960) is a former American Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Texas Rangers during the 1980s.

## Biography

The right-hander was drafted by the Texas Rangers in the 1st round (24th pick) of the 1981 amateur draft, and he appeared in two games for the Rangers during the last three weeks of the 1983 season.
On September 13, 1983, Lachowicz made his major league debut at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum and pitched two scoreless innings of relief in a 6-5 loss to the Oakland Athletics. Lachowicz struck out Bill Almon for his first major league strikeout. Nineteen days later at Arlington Stadium he started the last game of the season. In front of a small crowd of 8,727 he pitched six strong innings, giving up just two earned runs, but the Rangers lost to the California Angels 2-0.
Career totals include a 0-1 record, eight strikeouts in eight innings pitched, and an earned run average of 2.25.
# Brexit means breakfast

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#REDIRECT Malapropism#Real-life examples
# Jamba (language model)

Jamba is an open-weights large language model (LLM) developed by AI21 Labs. It utilizes a Mamba-based model built on a novel state space model (SSM) and transformer hybrid architecture. It is a 52 billion parameter model trained using a mixture-of-experts (MoE) technique with 12B active parameters (number of parameters active per token). Jamba can fit up to 256K tokens in its context window and is the largest Mamba-variant LLM created, or 140k tokens in a single 80GB GPU.
Jamba performs well across a number of key measurements including throughput and efficiency while outperforming or matching other state-of-the-art models in its class on a wide range of performance benchmarks while having significantly greater context limits enabling use-cases that require increased context. The model is released with open weights under an Apache 2.0 license.
The company plans to release a beta-version instruct-tuned version on the AI21 Platform in the near future.

## Characteristics

* Context window size: 256k tokens
* Parameters: 52 billion
* Architecture: Hybrid Mamba (SSM) Transformer using Mixture of Experts (MoE)