# Vergleich von Programmiersprachen

Diese Seite vergleicht Programmiersprachen.

## Objektorientierte Programmiersprachen

Die folgende Tabelle zeigt eine Auswahl von objektorientierten Programmiersprachen.
| Name | Entwickler | Beeinflusst von | Beeinflusste | Betriebssysteme | Erscheinungsjahr | Lizenzen |
| ActionScript | Adobe Inc. | JavaScript, Java | Haxe | Plattformunabhängig | 1998 | Proprietär |
| Alice | Carnegie Mellon University | | | Windows, macOS, Linux | 1998 | BSD-Lizenz |
| Blitz Basic | Blitz Research | | | Windows | | zlib-Lizenz |
| Boo | Rodrigo Barreto de Oliveira | C#, Python | Genie, Vala | Windows, Linux, macOS | 2003 | MIT-Lizenz, BSD-Lizenz |
| C++ | Bjarne Stroustrup | C, Simula, Algol 68, CLU, ML, Ada | Ada 95, Chapel, C#, D, Go, Java, Nim, Perl, PHP, Python, Vala, Rust, Seed7 | Plattformunabhängig | 1983 | |
| CoffeeScript | Jeremy Ashkenas | JavaScript, Ruby, Perl, Python, Haskell, YAML | MoonScript, LiveScript | Plattformunabhängig | 2009 | MIT-Lizenz |
| Common Lisp | ANSI X3J13 committee | Lisp Machine Lisp, Maclisp, Symbolics ZetaLisp, Scheme, Interlisp | Dylan, Eulisp, ISLisp, Ruby, SubL | Plattformunabhängig | 1984 | |
| C# | Microsoft | C++, C, Java, Delphi, Modula-3, Cω, Eiffel, F#, Haskell, Icon, J#, Visual J++, Object Pascal, Rust, ML, Visual Basic | Java, Vala, Cω, Swift, VB.NET | Common Language Infrastructure | 2001 | MIT-Lizenz, GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License |
| Cython | Robert Bradshaw, Stefan Behnel | Python, C, C++ | | Linux, Unix-ähnliches System | 2007 | Apache-Lizenz |
| D | Walter Bright, Andrei Alexandrescu | C, C++, Eiffel, Java, C#, Python, Ruby | DScript, Genie, MiniD, Qore, Swift, Vala | Plattformunabhängig | 2007 | Boost Software License |
| Dylan | Apple, Carnegie Mellon University | CLOS, LISP, EuLisp, ALGOL, Scheme | Goo, Lasso, Python, Ruby | Plattformunabhängig | 1992 | |
| Eiffel | Bertrand Meyer, Eiffel Software | Ada, ALGOL, Simula | Ruby | Plattformunabhängig | 1985 | GNU General Public License |
| Gambas | Benoit Minisini | | | Linux/Unix/Haiku | 1999 | GNU General Public License |
| Haxe | Motion Twin | | | Windows, Linux, macOS | 2005 | GNU General Public License |
| Inform | Graham Nelson | | | Windows, macOS, Linux | 1993 | Freeware, Artistic License |
| Io | Steve Dekorte | Smalltalk, NewtonScript, Self, Lua, Lisp, Python, Act1 | Ioke, Potion | Plattformunabhängig | 2002 | |
| J-Sharp | Microsoft | Java | | Common Language Infrastructure | 2002 | |
| Java | Sun Microsystems, Oracle | C++, C, Ada, Smalltalk, Objective-C, Object Pascal, Oberon, Eiffel, Modula-3, Mesa, Simula, C#, UCSD Pascal | Groovy, Clojure, C#, Scala, Vala, ActionScript, Seed7, Kotlin, JavaScript | Plattformunabhängig | 1995 | GNU General Public License |
| JavaScript | Brendan Eich | Self, C, Scheme, Perl, Python, Java, Lua | ActionScript, Haxe, CoffeeScript, Dart, TypeScript | Plattformunabhängig | 1995 | BSD-Lizenz |
| Julia | Jeff Bezanson, Stefan Karpinski, Viral B. Shah | MATLAB, Scheme, Lisp, ML, Cecil, Dylan, PyPy, Perl, R, Ruby, Lua, Fortran | | Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, Windows | 2012 | MIT-Lizenz, GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License, BSD-Lizenz |
| Kotlin | JetBrains | Java, Scala, C#, Groovy, Gosu, JavaScript | | Plattformunabhängig | 2011 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Modula-3 | Digital Equipment Corporation, Olivetti, elego Software Solutions GmbH | | | FreeBSD, Linux, Darwin, Solaris | 1988 | |
| Oberon | Niklaus Wirth, Jürg Gutknecht | Pascal, Modula-2 | Component Pascal, Active Oberon | Windows, Linux, Solaris, Mac OS, TOS, AmigaOS | 1987 | |
| Object Pascal | Apple, Niklaus Wirth, Anders Hejlsberg | Turbo Pascal, Simula, Smalltalk | .Net-Framework, C#, Genie, Java, Nim, C/AL | Plattformunabhängig | 1986 | |
| Objective CAML | Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique | Caml Light, Cool Standard ML | ATS, Elm, F#, F*, Haxe, Opa, Rust, Scala | Plattformunabhängig | 1996 | Q Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License |
| Objective-C | Brad Cox, Tom Love | Smalltalk, C | Swift | OPENSTEP, macOS, iOS, GNUstep | 1984 | |
| ooRexx | Simon C. Nash | REXX, Smalltalk | NetRexx | Plattformunabhängig | 1988 | GNU General Public License |
| Phalanger | Karls-Universität | | | Common Language Runtime | 2013 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Pharo | Pharo Community | | | Windows, Linux, macOS | 2008 | MIT-Lizenz, Apache-Lizenz |
| PHP | Rasmus Lerdorf, Andi Gutmans, PHP Group, Zend Technologies, Zeev Suraski | C++, Perl, C, Java, Tcl, Hypertext Markup Language, JavaScript | | Unix-ähnliches System, Windows | 1995 | PHP-Lizenz |
| Processing | Ben Fry, Casey Reas | | | Plattformunabhängig | 2001 | GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License |
| Python | Python Software Foundation, Guido van Rossum | Algol 68, ABC, Modula-3, C, C++, Perl, Java, Lisp, Haskell, APL, CLU, Dylan, Icon, Standard ML | Ruby, Boo, Groovy, Cython, JavaScript, Swift | Plattformunabhängig | 1991 | Python Software Foundation License |
| Ruby | Yukihiro Matsumoto | Smalltalk, Perl, Python, Lisp, CLU, Eiffel, Ada, Dylan, JavaScript | Crystal, D, Elixir, Groovy, Rust, Swift | Plattformunabhängig | 1995 | BSD-Lizenz |
| Sather | GNU-Projekt | Eiffel, CLU | Rust | Plattformunabhängig | 1990 | |
| Scala | École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne | Java, Pizza, ML, Haskell, Smalltalk, Erlang | Kotlin | Plattformunabhängig | 2003 | BSD-Lizenz |
| Scratch | Mitchel Resnick, MIT-Scratch-Team | Logo, Smalltalk, Squeak, Etoys, HyperCard, AgentSheets, StarLogo, Tweak, Snap! | Catrobat, Snap!, App Inventor | Windows, macOS, Linux | 2007 | BSD-Lizenz |
| Seed7 | Thomas Mertes | Pascal, Modula-2, Ada, Algol 68, C, C++, Java | | Plattformunabhängig | 2005 | GNU General Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License |
| Simula | Kristen Nygaard | | | Unix-ähnliches System, Windows, z/OS, TOPS-10, Multiple Virtual Storage | 1962 | |
| Smalltalk | Alan Kay, Dan Ingalls, Adele Goldberg, Ted Kaehler, Scott Wallace, Peter Deutsch | Lisp, Simula | Objective-C, Java, Ruby, Self, PHP, Logtalk, Dylan, AppleScript, NewtonScript, Python, Groovy, Scala, Raku, Common Lisp Object System, Falcon, Io, Ioke, Fancy, Strongtalk | Windows, Linux, macOS | 1972 | |
| Snap! | Brian Harvey, Jens Mönig | Scratch, Lisp, Scheme | Scratch | Windows, macOS, Linux | 2011 | Open Source |
| Squirrel | Alberto Demichelis | C++, Lua, Python, JavaScript | MiniD | Plattformunabhängig | 2003 | MIT-Lizenz |
| Swift | Chris Lattner | Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, D | | macOS, iOS, tvOS, watchOS, Linux, Windows | 2014 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Tcl | John Ousterhout | Lisp, Unix-Shell, C | | Windows, Linux, macOS, Mac OS Classic, Solaris | 1988 | BSD-Lizenz |
| TypeScript | Anders Hejlsberg, Microsoft | JavaScript, Java, C# | | Common Language Infrastructure | 2012 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Vala | Rico Tzschichholz, Jürg Billeter, Raffaele Sandrini | Boo, C, C++, C#, D, Java | | Plattformunabhängig | 2006 | GNU Lesser General Public License |
| Visual Basic .NET | Microsoft | Visual Basic Classic, Java, C# | | Common Language Infrastructure | 2002 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Visual Basic Classic | Microsoft | QuickBASIC | Gambas | Windows, MS-DOS | 1991 | Proprietär |
| Xojo | Xojo, Inc | | | Windows, macOS, Linux | 1996 | Proprietär |
| Zig | Andrew Kelley | C, C++, Rust, Go, JavaScript/TypeScript | | Plattformunabhängig | 2016 | MIT-Lizenz |

## Imperative Programmiersprachen

Die folgende Tabelle zeigt eine Auswahl von imperativen Programmiersprachen.
| Name | Entwickler | Beeinflusst von | Beeinflusste | Betriebssysteme | Erscheinungsjahr | Lizenzen |
| Algol 60 | Backus, Bauer, Green, Katz, McCarthy, Naur, Perlis, Rutishauser, Samelson, van Wijngaarden, Vauquois, Wegstein, Woodger | Algol 58 | Simula, CPL, Pascal, Ada, C | | 1960 | |
| Algol 68 | Adriaan van Wijngaarden, Barry J. Mailloux, John E. L. Peck, Cornelis H. A. Koster | Algol 60, Algol Y | C, C++, Bourne-Shell, Kornshell, Bash, Steelman, Ada, Python, Seed7, Mary, S3 | | 1968 | |
| BASIC | John G. Kemeny, Thomas E. Kurtz | Algol 60, Fortran, JOSS | COMAL, Visual Basic Classic, Visual Basic .NET, GRASS | | 1964 | |
| C | Dennis Ritchie, Bell Laboratories | B, Basic Combined Programming Language, Algol 68 | awk, C++, C−−, C#, Objective-C, D, Go, Java, JavaScript, PHP, Perl, Python, Vala, Seed7 | Windows, Unix-ähnliches System | 1972 | |
| COBOL | Grace Hopper, William Selden, Gertrude Tierney, Howard Bromberg, Howard Discount, Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet | FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN, FACT | PL/I, PL/SQL, ABAP | z/OS, Windows, Linux, macOS, BS2000, OS/400 | 1959 | |
| Lua | Roberto Ierusalimschy, Waldemar Celes, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo | C++, CLU, Modula, Scheme, SNOBOL | Falcon, GameMonkey, Io, JavaScript, Julia, MiniD, MoonScript, Red, Ruby, Squirrel | Plattformunabhängig | 1993 | MIT-Lizenz |
| Matlab | The MathWorks | | | Linux, Unix, Windows, macOS, Solaris | 1984 | Proprietär |
| Mesa | Computer Systems Laboratory | ALGOL | Java, Modula-2, Cedar, PostScript | | 1976 | |
| Modula-2 | Niklaus Wirth | Pascal | Lua, Oberon, Seed7, Modula-2+, Modula-3 | Plattformunabhängig | 1978 | |
| Pascal | Niklaus Wirth | ALGOL | Modula-2, Ada, Oberon, Object Pascal, WEB, Seed7 | | 1971 | |
| Perl | Larry Wall | awk, BASIC, C, C++, Lisp, Pascal, Python, Raku, sed, Smalltalk, Unix-Shell | PHP, Ruby, Python, JavaScript, Windows PowerShell | Plattformunabhängig | 1987 | GNU General Public License, Artistic License |
| Rust | Mozilla, Graydon Hoare, Rust Foundation | Alef, C++, C#, Cyclone, Erlang, Haskell, Limbo, Newsqueak, Objective CAML, Scheme, Standard ML, Swift | | Linux, macOS, Windows, FreeBSD, Android, iOS | 2010 | Apache-Lizenz, MIT-Lizenz |

## Skriptsprachen

Die folgende Tabelle zeigt eine Auswahl von Skriptsprachen.
| Name | Entwickler | Beeinflusst von | Beeinflusste | Betriebssysteme | Erscheinungsjahr | Lizenzen |
| ActionScript | Adobe Inc. | JavaScript, Java | Haxe | Plattformunabhängig | 1998 | Proprietär |
| AngelScript | Andreas Jönsson | C, C++ | | Plattformunabhängig | 2003 | zlib-Lizenz |
| AppleScript | Apple | HyperTalk, natürliche Sprache, Natural-language programming | | Mac OS, macOS | 1993 | Proprietär |
| AutoHotkey | Chris Mallett, Steve Gray | C++ | | Windows | 2003 | GNU General Public License |
| AutoIt | Jonathan Bennett | | | Windows | 1999 | Freeware |
| AutoLISP | Autodesk, Basis Software | | | Linux | 1986 | |
| Bash | Chet Ramey | | | Unix-ähnliches System, macOS, Windows | 1989 | GNU General Public License |
| bc | Robert H. Morris, Lorinda Cherry, Philip A. Nelson | | | Plattformunabhängig | 1975 | |
| BeanShell | Pat Niemeyer | | | Plattformunabhängig | 1999 | Apache-Lizenz, Sun Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License |
| CL | IBM | | | Control Program Facility, IBM i | 1978 | |
| CoffeeScript | Jeremy Ashkenas | JavaScript, Ruby, Perl, Python, Haskell, YAML | MoonScript, LiveScript | Plattformunabhängig | 2009 | MIT-Lizenz |
| Curl | Curl, Inc., Sumisho Computer Systems Corporation, SCSK Corporation | | | Linux, macOS, Windows | 1998 | |
| Cython | Robert Bradshaw, Stefan Behnel | Python, C, C++ | | Linux, Unix-ähnliches System | 2007 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Emacs Lisp | GNU-Projekt | | | Plattformunabhängig | 1985 | GNU General Public License |
| Euphoria | openEuphoria Group | | | Plattformunabhängig | | BSD-Lizenz |
| Gambas | Benoit Minisini | | | Linux/Unix/Haiku | 1999 | GNU General Public License |
| Groovy | The Groovy Project, Apache Software Foundation | Python, Ruby, Java | | Plattformunabhängig | 2003 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Io | Steve Dekorte, Jonathan Wright, Jeremy Tregunna | Smalltalk, NewtonScript, Self, Lua, Lisp, Python, Act1 | Ioke, Potion | | 2002 | |
| JavaScript | Brendan Eich | Self, C, Scheme, Perl, Python, Java, Lua | ActionScript, Haxe, CoffeeScript, Dart, TypeScript | Plattformunabhängig | 1995 | BSD-Lizenz |
| JScript | Microsoft | | | Windows | 1996 | |
| KiXtart | Ruud van Velsen | | | Windows | 1991 | Careware |
| Kornshell | David Korn | | | Unix-ähnliches System, Linux, macOS, Windows | 1983 | Eclipse Public License, GNU Lesser General Public License |
| Lua | Roberto Ierusalimschy, Waldemar Celes, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo | C++, CLU, Modula, Scheme, SNOBOL | Falcon, GameMonkey, Io, JavaScript, Julia, MiniD, MoonScript, Red, Ruby, Squirrel | Plattformunabhängig | 1993 | MIT-Lizenz |
| Matlab | The MathWorks | | | Linux, Unix, Windows, macOS, Solaris | 1984 | Proprietär |
| NewLISP | Lutz Mueller | | | Plattformunabhängig | 1991 | GNU General Public License |
| Pascal Script | Carlo Kok, Innerfuse, RemObjects, Lazarus- und Free Pascal-Teams | Object Pascal, Pascal, HyperTalk, AppleScript, JavaScript, Perl, ALGOL | | | 2000 | |
| Perl | Larry Wall | awk, BASIC, C, C++, Lisp, Pascal, Python, Raku, sed, Smalltalk, Unix-Shell | PHP, Ruby, Python, JavaScript, Windows PowerShell | Plattformunabhängig | 1987 | GNU General Public License, Artistic License |
| PHP | Rasmus Lerdorf, Andi Gutmans, PHP Group, Zend Technologies, Zeev Suraski | C++, Perl, C, Java, Tcl, Hypertext Markup Language, JavaScript | | Unix-ähnliches System, Windows | 1995 | PHP-Lizenz |
| PowerShell | Microsoft | | | Windows, Linux, macOS | 2006 | Proprietär, MIT-Lizenz |
| Python | Python Software Foundation, Guido van Rossum | Algol 68, ABC, Modula-3, C, C++, Perl, Java, Lisp, Haskell, APL, CLU, Dylan, Icon, Standard ML | Ruby, Boo, Groovy, Cython, JavaScript, Swift | Plattformunabhängig | 1991 | Python Software Foundation License |
| Raku | Larry Wall, Audrey Tang | Perl, Ruby, Smalltalk, Haskell, JavaScript, C# | | Plattformunabhängig | 2015 | Artistic License |
| REBOL | REBOL Technologies | Self, Forth, Lisp, Logo | JavaScript Object Notation | Plattformunabhängig | 1997 | Apache-Lizenz |
| REXX | Michael F. Cowlishaw | EXEC 2, PL/I | | z/OS, Windows, Linux, AIX, OS/2, PC DOS, OS/400, AmigaOS | 1979 | |
| Ruby | Yukihiro Matsumoto | Smalltalk, Perl, Python, Lisp, CLU, Eiffel, Ada, Dylan, JavaScript | Crystal, D, Elixir, Groovy, Rust, Swift | Plattformunabhängig | 1995 | BSD-Lizenz |
| Tcl | John Ousterhout | Lisp, Unix-Shell, C | | Windows, Linux, macOS, Mac OS Classic, Solaris | 1988 | BSD-Lizenz |
| TypeScript | Anders Hejlsberg, Microsoft | JavaScript, Java, C# | | Common Language Infrastructure | 2012 | Apache-Lizenz |
| Visual Basic for Applications | Microsoft | | | Windows, macOS | 1993 | Proprietär |
| Visual Basic Script | Microsoft | Visual Basic Classic | PowerShell | | 1996 | |