# Spratelloides delicatulus

Spratelloides delicatulus és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels clupeids.

## Descripció

* Pot arribar a fer 7 cm de llargària màxima.
* 11-13 radis tous a l'aleta dorsal i 10-11 a l'anal.

## Alimentació

Menja plàncton.

## Depredadors

És depredat a les illes Marshall per Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, Lutjanus vitta i Scomberoides lysan; a Salomó per Atule mate, Caranx melampygus, Megalaspis cordyla, Scomberoides tol, Chirocentrus dorab, Lutjanus ehrenbergii, Auxis thazard, Euthynnus affinis i Rastrelliger kanagurta. També ho és per l'anfós lleopard (Plectropomus leopardus).

## Hàbitat

És un peix marí, associat als esculls i de clima tropical (40°N-29°S, 29°E-143°W) que viu entre 0-50 m de fondària.

## Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des del mar Roig i l'Àfrica oriental fins a les illes de la Societat (llevat de les Tuamotu i les illes Marqueses), el sud del Japó i el nord d'Austràlia. N'hi ha un registre a la Mediterrània oriental (Tel-Aviv, Israel).

## Ús comercial

Es comercialitza fresc, en salaó i com a esquer per a la pesca de la tonyina.

## Observacions

És inofensiu per als humans.

## Referències

* ↑ Catalogue of Life (anglès)
* ↑ The Taxonomicon (anglès)
* 1 2 3 4 5 FishBase (anglès)
* ↑ Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.
* ↑ FishBase (anglès)
* ↑ Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985.
* ↑ Pereira, M.A.M., 2000. Preliminary checklist of reef-associated fishes of Mozambique. Maputo, Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA). 21 pp.
* ↑ Smith, J.L.B., 1969. Fishes of Inhaca. p. 131-136. A: W. Macnae i M. Kalk (eds.) A natural history of Inhaca Island, Moçambique. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
* ↑ Okiyama, M., 1988. An atlas of the early stage fishes in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tòquio (Japó). 1157 p.
* ↑ Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton i G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. A Beasley, O.L. i A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volum 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178.
* ↑ Johnson, J.W., 1999. Annotated checklist of the fishes of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 43(2):709-762.
* ↑ Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen i J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p.
* ↑ Quignard, J.-P. i J.A. Tomasini, 2000. Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 7(3):1-66.
* ↑ Golani, D., L. Orsi Relini, E. Massutí i J.-P. Quignard, 2002. CIESM Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean. Vol. 1. Fishes. F. Briand (ed.). 256 pages. CIESM Publishers, Mònaco.
* ↑ Al Sakaff, H. i M. Esseen, 1999. Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.
* ↑ Allen, G.R., 1998. Reef fishes of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. A: T. Werner i G. Allen (eds). A rapid biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. RAP Working Papers 11, Conservation International, Washington DC.
* ↑ Allen, G.R. i M. Adrim, 2003. Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72.
* ↑ Allen, G.R. i P.L. Munday, 1994. Kimbe Bay rapid ecological assessment: the coral reefs of Kimbe Bay (West New Britain, Papua New Guinea), Volum 3: Fish diversity of Kimbe Bay. The Nature Conservancy, South Pacific program Office, Auckland, Nova Zelanda. 107 p.
* ↑ Allen, G.R. i W.F. Smith-Vaniz, 1994. Fishes of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Atoll Res. Bull. 412:21 p.
* ↑ Bianchi, G., 1985. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of TCP/URT/4406 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. FAO, Roma. 199 p.
* ↑ Blaber, S.J.M., D.A. Milton, N.J.F. Rawlinson, G. Tiroba i P.V. Nichols, 1990. Diets of lagoon fishes of the Solomon Islands: Predators of tuna baitfish and trophic effects of baitfishing on the subsistence fishery. Fish. Res. 8:263-286.
* ↑ Blaber, S.J.M., J.W. Young i M.C. Dunning, 1985. Community structure and zoogeographic affinities of the coastal fishes of the Dampier region of north-western Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 36: 247-266.
* ↑ Dalzell, P., S. Sharma i J. Prakash, 1987. Preliminary estimates of the growth and mortality of three tuna baitfish species, Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus and Spratelloides delicatulus and Rhabdamia gracilis from Fijian waters. Tech. Rep. Tuna Billfish Assess. Prog. (20):1-15.
* ↑ Francis, M.P., 1993. Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170.
* ↑ Fricke, R., 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.
* ↑ Ganaden, S.R. i F. Lavapie-Gonzales, 1999. Common and local names of marine fishes of the Philippines. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Filipines. 385 p.
* ↑ Herre, A.W.C.T., 1953. Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv., (20): 977 p.
* ↑ Hiatt, R.W. i D.W. Strasburg, 1960. Ecological relationships of the fish fauna on coral reefs of the Marshall Islands. Ecol. Monogr. 30(1):65-127.
* ↑ Kailola, P.J., 1987. The fishes of Papua New Guinea. A revised and annotated checklist. Vol. 1. Myxinidae to Synbranchidae. Research Bulletin Núm. 41. Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Port Moresby, Papua Nova Guinea. 194 p.
* ↑ Kapoor, D., R. Dayal i A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
* ↑ Kulbicki, M. i J.T. Williams, 1997. Checklist of the shorefishes of Ouvea Atoll, New Caledonia. Atoll Res. Bull. 444: 26 p.
* ↑ Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro i K. Pothin, 2004. An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Reunion Island, south-western Indian Ocean. Cybium 28(3):199-216.
* ↑ Lieske, E. i R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Harper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
* ↑ Masuda, H.; Amaoka, K.; Araga, C.; Uyeno, T.; Yoshino, T. 日本産魚類大図鑑 (Enciclopèdia japonesa del peix) (en japonès). 1. 東海大学出版会 (Tokai University Press), 1984. ISBN 9784486050544.
* ↑ Milton, D.A., S.J.M. Blaber i N.J.F. Rawlinson, 1990. Diet and prey selection of six species of tuna baitfish in three coral reef lagoons in the Solomon Islands. J. Fish Biol. 37(2):205-224.
* ↑ Milton, D.A., S.J.M. Blaber i N.J.F. Rawlinson, 1991. Age and growth of three species of tuna baitfish (genus Spratelloides) in the tropical Indo-Pacific. J. Fish Biol. 39:849-866.
* ↑ Milton, D.A., SJ.M. Blaber i N.J.F. Rawlinson, 1994. Reproductive biology and egg production of three species of Clupeidae from Kiribati, tropical central Pacific. Fish. Bull. 92(1):102-121.
* ↑ Mohan, M. i K.K. Kunhikoya, 1986. Biology of the bait fishes Spratelloides delicatulus and Spratelloides japonicus from Minicoy waters Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst. Bull. 36:155-164
* ↑ Mohsin, A.K.M. i M.A. Ambak, 1996. Marine fishes and fisheries of Malaysia and neighbouring countries. University of Pertanian Malaysia Press, Serdang, Malàisia. 744 p.
* ↑ Munch-Petersen, S., 1983. On the growth and mortality of the blue sprat, Spratelloides delicatulus, in Fijian waters. Rep. Inst. Mar. Res., Univ. South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
* ↑ Mundy, B.C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.
* ↑ Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Segona edició. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
* ↑ Myers, R.F., 1999. Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p.
* ↑ Nakamura, Y., M. Horinouchi, T. Nakai i M. Sano, 2003. Food habits of fishes in a seagrass bed on a fringing coral reef at Iriomote Island, southern Japan. Ichthyol. Res. 50:15-22.
* ↑ Nguyen, H.P. i N.T. Nguyen, 1994. Checklist of marine fishes in Vietnam. Vol. 2. Osteichthyes, from Elopiformes to Mugiliformes. Science and Technics Publishing House, Vietnam.
* ↑ Nguyen, N.T. i V.Q. Nguyen, 2006. Biodiversity and living resources of the coral reef fishes in Vietnam marine waters. Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.
* ↑ Ni, I.-H. i K.-Y. Kwok, 1999 Marine fish fauna in Hong Kong waters. Zool. Stud. 38(2):130-152.
* ↑ Randall, J.E., 1995. Coastal fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 439 p.
* ↑ Randall, J.E. i C. Anderson, 1993. Annotated checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Maldives Islands. Ichthyol. Bull. of the J.L.B. Smith Inst. of Ichthyol. 59:47.
* ↑ Randall, J.E. i K.K.P. Lim (eds.), 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667.
* ↑ Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen i R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p.
* ↑ Rau, N. i A. Rau, 1980. Commercial marine fishes of the Central Philippines (bony fish). German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Alemanya. 623 pp.
* ↑ Schuster, W.H. i R. Djajadiredja, 1952. Local common names of Indonesian fishes. W.V. Hoeve, Bandung, Indonèsia. 276 p.
* ↑ Smith, J.L.B. i M.M. Smith, 1963. The fishes of Seychelles. Rhodes University, Grahamstown. 215 p.
* ↑ Sommer, C., W. Schneider i J.-M. Poutiers, 1996. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Roma. 376 p.
* ↑ Talwar, P.K. i R.K. Kacker, 1984. Commercial sea fishes of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcuta. 997 p.
* ↑ Tinker, S.W., 1978. Fishes of Hawaii, a handbook of the marine fishes of Hawaii and the Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaiian Service Inc., Honolulu. 568 p.
* ↑ Wass, R.C., 1984. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Samoa. Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Adminis. Tech. Rept., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rept. Fish. (781).
* ↑ Zhang, S., 2001. Fauna Sinica. Osteichthyes. Acipenseriformes, Elopiformes, Clupeiformes, Gonorhynchiformes. Science Press, Beijing, la Xina. 209 p.
* ↑ Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral i A. Massinga, 1990. Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p.

## Bibliografia

* Anònim, 2000. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
* Divisió de Peixos de la Smithsonian Institution. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del Museu Nacional d'Història Natural (en anglès). Smithsonian Institution, 2001.
* Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
* Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba i K.E. Carpenter, 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). Núm. 9. Roma, Itàlia, FAO. 103 p.
* Crespo, J., J. Gajate i R. Ponce, 2001. Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografía (Madrid).
* Hardy, J.D. Jr., 2003. Coral reef fish species. NOAA\National Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. Estats Units. 537 p.
* Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.

## Enllaços externs

* AQUATAB
* BioLib (anglès)