# Polyipnus

Polyipnus és un gènere de peixos pertanyent a la família dels esternoptíquids.

## Descripció

* Cos comprimit lateralment.
* Ulls dirigits lateralment.
* Boca vertical.
* Aleta dorsal adiposa.
* Quilla abdominal ben definida.
* Bufeta natatòria ben desenvolupada i plena de gas.
* Dors fosc i costats platejats.

## Hàbitat

Viuen entre 50 i 400 m de fondària.

## Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a l'Atlàntic, l'Índic i el Pacífic. És absent de la Mediterrània.

## Taxonomia

* Polyipnus aquavitus (Baird, 1971)
* Polyipnus asper (Harold, 1994)
* Polyipnus asteroides (Schultz, 1938)
* Polyipnus bruuni (Harold, 1994)
* Polyipnus clarus (Harold, 1994)
* Polyipnus danae (Harold, 1990)
* Polyipnus elongatus (Borodulina, 1979)
* Polyipnus fraseri (Fowler, 1934)
* Polyipnus indicus (Schultz, 1961)
* Polyipnus inermis (Borodulina, 1981)
* Polyipnus kiwiensis (Baird, 1971)
* Polyipnus laternatus (Garman, 1899)
* Polyipnus latirastrus (Last & Harold, 1994)
* Polyipnus limatulus (Harold & Wessel, 1998)
* Polyipnus matsubarai (Schultz, 1961)
* Polyipnus meteori (Kotthaus, 1967)
* Polyipnus nuttingi (Gilbert, 1905)
* Polyipnus oluolus (Baird, 1971)
* Polyipnus omphus (Baird, 1971)
* Polyipnus ovatus (Harold, 1994)
* Polyipnus parini (Borodulina, 1979)
* Polyipnus paxtoni (Harold, 1989)
* Polyipnus polli (Schultz, 1961)
* Polyipnus ruggeri (Baird, 1971)
* Polyipnus soelae (Harold, 1994)
* Polyipnus spinifer (Borodulina, 1979)
* Polyipnus spinosus (Günther, 1887)
* Polyipnus stereope (Jordan & Starks, 1904)
* Polyipnus surugaensis (Aizawa, 1990)
* Polyipnus tridentifer (McCulloch, 1914)
* Polyipnus triphanos (Schultz, 1938)
* Polyipnus unispinus (Schultz, 1938)

## Costums

Algunes espècies són migradores verticals, d'altres no.

## Referències

* ↑ [http://strata.geology.wisc.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class Sepkoski, Jack, 2002: (Polyipnus). A: A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletin of American Paleontology 364: 560.
* ↑ The Taxonomicon (anglès)
* 1 2 3 4 Marine Species Identification Portal (anglès)
* 1 2 3 4 5 Baird, R. C., 1971. The systematics, distribution, and zoogeography of the marine hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 142 (núm. 1): 1-128.
* 1 2 3 Harold, A. S., 1994. A taxonomic revision of the sternoptychid genus Polyipnus (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) with an analysis of phylogenetic relationships. Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (núm. 2): 428-534.
* 1 2 3 Schultz, L. P., 1938. Review of the fishes of the genera Polyipnus and Argyropelecus (Family Sternoptichidae), with descriptions of three new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (núm. 3047): 135-155.
* 1 2 3 Borodulina, O. D., 1979. Composition of the species complex Polyipnus spinosus Günther (Sternoptychidae, Osteichtyes) with descriptions of three new species. Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 19 (núm. 2): 198-208.
* ↑ Fowler, H. W., 1934. Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933): 233-367.
* 1 2 Schultz, L. P., 1961. Revision of the marine silver hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (núm. 3449): 587-649.
* ↑ Borodulina, O. D., 1981. On a new species of the genus Polylipnus -- Polyipnus inermis Borodulina (Sternoptychidae) from the Southeast Pacific Ocean. Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 21 (núm. 3): 556-558.
* ↑ Last, P. R. & Harold, A. S., 1994. Polyipnus latirastrus n. sp., a new and unusual hatchetfish (Stomiiformes: Sternoptychidae) from the western Pacific. Copeia 1994 (núm. 1): 210-215.
* ↑ Harold, A. S., Wessel, J. H., III & Johnson, R. K., 1998. A new species of Polyipnus (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) from the western Indian Ocean, with comments on sternoptychid ecology. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 111 (núm. 4): 942-953.
* ↑ Kotthaus, A., 1967. Fische des Indischen Ozeans. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie Núm. 1: 1-84.
* ↑ Gilbert, C. H., 1905. II. The deep-sea fishes of the Hawaiian Islands. A: The aquatic resources of the Hawaiian Islands. Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) (for 1903): 577-713, Pls. 66-101.
* ↑ Harold, A. S., 1989. A new species of Polyipnus (Stomiiformes: Sternoptychidae) from the Coral Sea, with a revised key to the species of the Polyipnus spinosus complex. Copeia 1989 (núm. 4): 871-876.
* ↑ Schultz, L. P., 1961. Revision of the marine silver hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 112 (núm. 3449): 587-649.
* ↑ Günther, A., 1887. Report on the deep-sea fishes collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57): i-lxv + 1-268, Pls. 1-66.
* ↑ Jordan, D. S. & Starks, E. C., 1904. List of fishes dredged by the steamer Albatross off the coast of Japan in the summer of 1900, with descriptions of new species and a review of the Japanese Macrouridae. Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 (1902): 577-630, Pls. 1-8.
* ↑ Aizawa, M., 1990. A new species of Polyipnus (Stomiiformes, Sternoptychidae) from Suruga Bay, Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 37 (núm. 2): 95-97.
* ↑ McCulloch, A. R., 1914. Report on some fishes obtained by the F. I. S. "Endeavour" on the coasts of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South and South-western Australia. Part II. Biological Results Endeavour v. 2 (pt 3): 77-165, Pls. 13-34.
* ↑ BioLib (anglès)
* ↑ AQUATAB
* ↑ Catalogue of Life Arxivat 2016-03-05 a Wayback Machine. (anglès)
* ↑ World Register of Marine Species (anglès)
* ↑ FishBase (anglès)
* ↑ UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)

## Bibliografia

* Fritzsche, R. A., 1982. Osteichthyes. A: Parker, S.P., Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms, vol. 2. McGraw-Hill, Nova York: 858-944.
* Harold, A. S., 1994: A taxonomic revision of the sternoptychid genus Polyipnus (Teleostei: Stomiiformes) with an analysis of phylogenetic relationships. Bulletin of Marine Science v. 54 (núm. 2): 428-534.