# Escherichia coli productora de shigatoxines

L'Escherichia coli productora de shigatoxines (en anglès:Shiga Toxine Escherichia Coli, STEC) és un bacteri productor de potents toxines i responsable d'algunes intoxicacions alimentàries causants de colitis hemorràgiques i -en casos greus- de la síndrome hemolítica i urèmica, la principal causa d'insuficiència renal aguda en nens petits. Es coneixen múltiples soques del bacteri, no totes elles amb la mateixa virulència. El seu reservori principal són els remugants, encara que s'han registrat diversos casos d'infeccions humanes associades al contacte amb ocells, gossos o cavalls.
Aquest microorganisme es coneix també sota altres noms, com enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), Shiga-like toxin-producing E. coli (SLTEC o STEC), hemolytic uremic syndrome–associated enterohemorrhagic E. coli (HUSEC) i verocytotoxin o verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC).
Shiga fa referència a Kiyoshi Shiga qui descobrí Shigella dysenteriae una de les espècies que formen el gènere Shigella.

## Referències

* ↑ Melton-Celsa, AR «Shiga Toxin (Stx) Classification, Structure, and Function» (en anglès). Microbiol Spectr, 2014; 2 (2), pàgs: 24. PMID: 25530917. DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.EHEC-0024-2013. PMC: 4270005 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Vernozy-Rozand, C; Montet, MP; Berardin, M; Bavai, C; Beutin, L «Isolation and characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains from raw milk cheeses in France» (en anglès). Lett Appl Microbiol, 2005; 41 (3), pp: 235-241. ISSN 1472-765X. DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2005.01756.x. PMID: 16108913 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Rípodas Navarro, A; Fernández Moreira, D; Macho Martínez, M «Investigación de Escherichia Coli productor de toxinas Shiga (STEC) en carnes y derivados cárnicos» (en castellà). Sanid Mil, 2017 Jul-Set;, pp: 147-152. ISSN 1887-8571. DOI: 10.4321/s1887-85712017000300002 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Fiorito, P; Burgos, JM; Miyakawa, MF; Rivas, M; et al «Effect of Shiga toxin 2 on water and ion transport in human colon in vitro» (en anglès). Dig Dis Sci, 2000 Mar; 45 (3), pp: 480-486. ISSN 0163-2116. DOI: 10.1023/a:1005480720832. PMID: 10749321 [Consulta: 3 juny 2020].
* ↑ Decludt, B; Bouvet, P; Mariani-Kurkdjian, P; Grimont, F; Grimont, PA; Hubert, B; et al «Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in children in France» (en anglès). Epidemiol Infect, 2000 Abr; 124 (2), pp: 215-220. PMID: 10813145. DOI: 10.1017/s0950268899003623. PMC: 2810903 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Espié, E; Grimont, F; Mariani-Kurkdjian, P; Bouvet, P; Haeghebaert, S; Filliol, I; et al «Surveillance of hemolytic uremic syndrome in children less than 15 years of age, a system to monitor O157 and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in France, 1996-2006» (en anglès). Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2008 Jul; 27 (7), pp: 595-601. ISSN 0891-3668. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31816a062f. PMID: 18520972 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Gerber, A; Karch, H; Allerberger, F; Verweyen, HM; Zimmerhackl, LB «Clinical course and the role of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in pediatric patients, 1997-2000, in Germany and Austria: a prospective study» (en anglès). J Infect Dis, 2002 Ag 15; 186 (4), pp: 493-500. ISSN 1537-6613. DOI: 10.1086/341940. PMID: 12195376 [Consulta: 3 juny 2020].
* ↑ Boerlin, P; McEwen, SA; Boerlin-Petzold, F; Wilson, JB; et al «Associations Between Virulence Factors of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli and Disease in Humans» (en anglès). J Clin Microbiol, 1999 Mar; 37 (3), pp: 497-503. PMID: 9986802. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.37.3.497-503.1999. PMC: 84443 [Consulta: 26 maig 2020].
* ↑ Bertin, Y; Boukhors, K; Pradel, N; Livrelli, V; Martin, C «Stx2 subtyping of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from cattle in France: detection of a new Stx2 subtype and correlation with additional virulence factors» (en anglès). J Clin Microbiol, 2001 Set; 39 (9), pp: 3060-3065. PMID: 11526129. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.9.3060-3065.2001. PMC: 88297 [Consulta: 26 maig 2020].
* ↑ ACSA «E. coli productor de toxina Shiga (ECTS o STEC)». Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, 2019; Set 2 (rev), pàgs: 3 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Larson, DG «Prevalence of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in the Sacramento valley equine population -Tesi doctoral-» (en anglès). California State University, Sacramento, 2009; tardor, pàgs: 57 [Consulta: 26 maig 2020].
* ↑ Institut Pasteur «Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)» (en anglès). Disease sheets, 2019; Set 16 (rev), pàgs: 8 [Consulta: 24 maig 2020].
* ↑ Beutin, L; Steinrück, H; Krause, G; Steege, K; et al «Comparative evaluation of the Ridascreen Verotoxin enzyme immunoassay for detection of Shigatoxin producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC) from food and other sources» (en anglès). J Appl Microbiol, 2007 Mar; 102 (3), pp: 630-639. ISSN 1365-2672. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03139.x. PMID: 17309611 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ Karch, H; Tarr, P; Bielaszewska, M «Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in human medicine» (en anglès). Int J Med Microbiol, 295, 6-7, 05-10-2005, pp: 405–418. ISSN 1438-4221. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.06.009. PMID: 16238016.
* ↑ Fresquet, JL «Kiyoshi Shiga (1871-1957)» (en castellà). Historiadelamedicina.org, 2002; Set, págs: 6 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].
* ↑ ITIS «Shigella dysenteriae (Shiga, 1898) Castellani and Chalmers, 1919» (en anglès). Standard Report Page, 2020 Gen 17; 966038 (rev), pàgs: 2 [Consulta: 26 maig 2020].
* ↑ Strockbine, NA; Jackson, MP; Sung, LM; Holmes, RK; O'Brien, AD «Cloning and sequencing of the genes for Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae type 1» (en anglès). J Bacteriol, 1988; Mar; 170(3), pp: 1116-1122. PMID: 2830229. DOI: 10.1128/jb.170.3.1116-1122.1988. PMC: 210880 [Consulta: 25 maig 2020].

## Bibliografia

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* Vernozy-Rozand, C., Montet, M.P., Bertin, Y., Trably, F., Girardeau, J.P., Martin, C., et al (2004) Serotyping, stx2 subtyping, and characterization of the locus of enterocyte effacement island of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and E. coli O157:H7 strains isolated from the environment in France. Appl Environ Microbiol. 70: 2556-2559.

## Enllaços externs

* «Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC): An overview» (en anglès). Arizona Department of Health Services. 2019, Gen. [Consulta: 26 maig 2020].