# Viola (gènere)

Les violes (Viola) són un gènere de plantes angiospermes de la família de les violàcies.

## Particularitats

El gènere Viola és originari de climes temperats de l'hemisferi nord, incloent-hi Hawaii, Australàsia i els Andes. Les espècies més conegudes són les violes (també anomenades violes boscanes, violers, violetes) i els pensaments.
La majoria d'espècies de viola són plantes herbàcies perennes i de mida reduïda. Algunes són arbustives. Les fulles normalment són de forma cordiforme i les flors asimètriques de color viola groc o blanc o altres combinacions. Algunes espècies són molt oloroses (Viola odorata) i altres molt poc.
Algunes espècies europees de mida molt reduïda viuen a l'ombra, mig cobertes de vegetació i floreixen a final d'hivern i principi de primavera.
Les flors anomenades "violetes africanes" Saintpaulia no estan relacionades amb el gènere Viola.

## Taxonomia

N'hi ha unes 500, sense comptar els híbrids. Els pensaments, o pensaments de jardí (Viola ×wittrockiana), són plantes híbrides.
La llista completa d'espècies segons l'ITIS és:
* Viola abyssinica (Steud. ex Oliv.)
* Viola acanthophylla (Leyb. ex Reiche)
* Viola accrescens (Klokov)
* Viola acuminata (Ledeb)
* Viola adenothrix (Hayata)
* Viola adriatica (Freyn)
* Viola adunca (Sm.)
* Viola aetnensis (Parl.)
* Viola aetolica (Boissieu H. & Heldr.)
* Viola affinis (Le Conte)
* Viola agellae (Pollard C. L.)
* Viola aizoon (Reiche)
* Viola alaica (Vved.)
* Viola alba (Besser)
* Viola alexandrowiana (W.Becker)
* Viola alexejana (Kamelin & Junussov)
* Viola allchariensis (Beck G.)
* Viola alliariaefolia (Nakai)
* Viola allochroa (Botsch.)
* Viola alpina (Jacq.)
* Viola altaica (Ker Gawl.)
* Viola amamiana (Hatusima)
* Viola ambigua (Waldst.& Kit)
* Viola amurica (W. Becker)
* Viola anagae (Gilli)
* Viola angustifolia (Phil.)
* Viola angustipulata (Chang)
* Viola appalachiensis (L.K.Henry)
* Viola araucaniae (W.Becker)
* Viola arborescens (L.)
* Viola argenteria (Moraldo i G.Forneris)
* Viola argentina (W.Becker)
* Viola arguta (Willd. ex Roem. i Schult.)
* Viola arsenica (Beck)
* Viola arvensis (Murray)
* Viola asterias (Hook & Arn.)
* Viola athois (W.Becker)
* Viola atropurpurea (Leyb.)
* Viola aurantiaca (Leyb.)
* Viola aurata (Phil.)
* Viola aurea (Kellogg)
* Viola auricolor (Skottsb.)
* Viola auricula (Leyb.)
* Viola avatschensis (Becker W & Hulten A)
* Viola awagatakensis (Yamazaki T.)
* Viola bakeri (Greene E. L.)
* Viola bambusetorum (Hand.-Mazz.)
* Viola bangiana (W.Becker)
* Viola bangii (Rusby)
* Viola banksii (K.R.Thiele i Prober)
* Viola barroetana (W.Schaffn)
* Viola battandieri (W.Becker)
* Viola beamani (Calderón)
* Viola beckiana (Fiala)
* Viola beckwithii (Torr. & Gray)
* Viola bernardii (Greene)
* Viola bertolonii (Pio)
* Viola betonicifolia (Sm.)
* Viola bezdelevae (Vorosch.)
* Viola bhutanica (Hara)
* Viola bicolor (Pursh)
* Viola biflora (L.)
** Viola biflora ssp. biflora (Linné)
** Viola biflora ssp. carlottae (Calder i Taylor)
** Viola canina ssp. canina (Linné)
** Viola canina ssp. montana (Linné)
* Viola binayensis (Okamoto & Ueda K.)
* Viola bissellii (House H. D.)
* Viola bissetii (Maxim)
* Viola blanda (Willd.)
* Viola blandaeformis (Nakai)
* Viola bocquetiana (Yildirimli)
* Viola boissieuana (Makino)
* Viola bornmuelleri (Erben M.)
* Viola brachyceras (Turcz.)
* Viola brachypetala (Gay)
* Viola brachyphylla (W. Becker)
* Viola brevistipulata (W. Becker)
* Viola bridgesii (Britton N. L.)
* Viola brittoniana (Pollard C. L.)
* Viola bubanii (Timb. & Lagr.)
* Viola buchtienii (Gand.)
* Viola bulbosa (Maxim)
* Viola bustillosia (Gay)
* Viola calaminaria (Lej. A)
* Viola calcarata (L.)
* Viola calchaquiensis W. Becker
* Viola calderensis W. Becker
* Viola caleyana Don D. A.
* Viola californica Baker M. S.
* Viola californica Greene
* Viola cameleo Boissieu H.
* Viola canadensis L.
* Viola canescens Wallich
* Viola canina L.
* Viola canobarbata Leyb.
* Viola capillaris Pers.
* Viola castillonii (W. Becker)
* Viola catalonica W. Becker
* Viola caucasica Kolen.
* Viola cazorlensis Gand.
* Viola cenisia L.
* Viola cerasifolia St.Hilaire
* Viola chaerophylloides (Regel)
* Viola chamaedrys Leyb.
* Viola chamissoniana Gingins
* Viola charlestonensis Baker M. S. & Clausen J. C.
* Viola charlestownensis Baker M. S. & Clausen J. C.
* Viola chassanica Korkischko R.I.
* Viola cheiranthifolia Humb., Bonpl. i Kunth., violeta del Teide
* Viola chelmea Boiss. i Heldr.
* Viola chiapasiensis W.Becker
* Viola chrysantha Phil.
* Viola ciliata Schltdl.
* Viola cinerea Boiss.
* Viola clauseniana Baker M. S.
* Viola cleistogamoides (Adams L.)
* Viola cochranei Ballard H. E.
* Viola collina Besser.
* Viola columnaris Skottsberg
* Viola commersonii De Candolle ex Gingins
* Viola commutata Waisb.
* Viola comollia Massara
* Viola concordifolia Ching J. Wang
* Viola confertifolia Chang
* Viola confusa Champ. ex Benth
* Viola conjugens Greene E. L.
* Viola consobrina House H. D.
* Viola conspersa Reichenb.
* Viola contempta Jordan A
* Viola cordifolia (Nuttall)
* Viola cornuta L.
* Viola coronifera W. Becker
* Viola corralensis Phil.
* Viola corsica Nyman
* Viola cotyledon Gingins
* Viola crassa Makino
* Viola crassicalcarata Ching J. Wang
* Viola crassifolia Fenzl.
* Viola crassiuscula Bory
* Viola cretacea Klokov
* Viola cretica Boiss.& Heldr.
* Viola cuatrecasasii L.B.Smith i A.Fernández
* Viola cucullata Aiton
* Viola cuicochensis Hieron.
* Viola cummingii W. Becker
* Viola cuneata Watson S.
* Viola cunninghamii Hook J.D.
* Viola curicoensis Becker G.
* Viola curvistylis Boissieu H. & Captin.
* Viola cuspidifolia W. Becker
* Viola cyathiformis W. Becker
* Viola dacica Borbás
* Viola dactyloides Roemer R & Schultes J.A.
* Viola dasyphylla W. Becker
* Viola davidii Franch.
* Viola decipiens Reiche
* Viola declinata Waldst. & Kit.
* Viola decumbens Gmel. J.F.
* Viola delavayi Franch.
* Viola delphinantha Boiss.
* Viola demetria Prolongo ex Boiss.
* Viola diamantiaca Nakai
* Viola dichroa Boissieu H. & Huet A.
* Viola diffusa Gingins
* Viola diffusoides Ching J. Wang
* Viola dimorphophyllaY. S. Chen & Q. E. Yang
* Viola dirimliensisBlaxland
* Viola dirphya Tiniakov A.
* Viola disjuncta W. Becker
* Viola dissecta
* Viola diversifolia (De Candolle)
* Viola doerfleri Degen
* Viola doii Takenouchi
* Viola dolichocentra Botsch.
* Viola dolichoceras Ching J. Wang
* Viola dombeyana De Candolle
* Viola domeikoana Gay C.
* Viola domingensis Urb.
* Viola donetzkiensis Klokov M.V.
* Viola douglasii Steud.
* Viola dubyana Burnat
* Viola dukadjinica W. Becker & Kosanin
* Viola dyris Maire R.
* Viola eamesii House H. D.
* Viola ecuadorensis W. Becker
* Viola eizanensis (Makino)
* Viola elatior Fries
* Viola elegantula Schott.
* Viola elisabethae Klokov
* Viola emeiensis Ching J. Wang
* Viola eminii Fries R.E.
* Viola epipsila Ledeb.
* Viola epipsiloides Love A. & D.
* Viola ermenekensis Yild. & Dinc
* Viola etrusca Erben M.
* Viola eugeniae Parlatore
* Viola evae Hieron. ex W. Becker
* Viola exigua W. Becker
* Viola eximia Formánek
* Viola fargesii Boissieu H.
* Viola faurieana W. Becker
* Viola feldtschenkoana W. Becker
* Viola filicaulis Hook F.
* Viola filicetorum Greene E. L.
* Viola fimbriatula Sm.
* Viola fischeri W. Becker
* Viola fissifolia Kitagawa
* Viola flagelliformis Hemsley W. B.
* Viola flettii Piper C. V.
* Viola florairiensis Correvon
* Viola flos-evae Hieron.
* Viola fluehmannii Phil.
* Viola formosana Hayata
* Viola formosana Hayata
* Viola formosana Hsieh C.F.
* Viola forrestiana W. Becker
* Viola fragrans Sieber
* Viola frank-smithii Holmgren N. H.
* Viola friderici G.
* Viola frigida Phil.
* Viola frondosa (Velen)
* Viola fruticosa W. Becker
* Viola fuscifolia W. Becker
* Viola fuscoviolacea (Adams L.G.) James T.A.
* Viola germaninii Sparre
* Viola glabella Nuttall T.
* Viola glacialis Poepp. & Endl.
* Viola glandularis Ballard H. E. & Jorg P.
* Viola glandulifera Hook
* Viola glausescens Oudem.
* Viola glechomoides Leyb.
* Viola gmeliniana Roemer R & Schultes J.A.
* Viola godoyae Phil.
* Viola gracilis Sibth.& Sm.
* Viola gracillima St.Hilaire A.
* Viola graeca (Becker G.)
* Viola grahami Bentham G.
* Viola grandisepala W. Becker
* Viola granulosa Wedd.
* Viola grayi Franch. & Sav.
* Viola greenmani House H. D.
* Viola grisebachiana Boiss.
* Viola grisebachiana Vis.
* Viola grypoceras Gray A.
* Viola guadalupensis Powell A. & Wauer B.
* Viola guatemalensis W. Becker
* Viola guineensis Schumach. & Thonn.
* Viola hallii Gray A.
* Viola hamiltoniana Don D.
* Viola hancockii W. Becker
* Viola hastata Michx.
* Viola hederacea Labil.
* Viola hediniana W. Becker
* Viola heldreichiana Boiss.
* Viola helena C.N.Forbes & Lydgate
* Viola helenae C.N.Forbes & Lydgate
* Viola hemsleyana Calderón
* Viola henryi Boiss.
* Viola hieronymi W.Becker
* Viola hillii W.Becker
* Viola himalayensis W.Becker
* Viola hirsutula Brainerd
* Viola hirta L.
* Viola hirtipes Moore S.
* Viola hispida Lam.
* Viola hissarica Juz.
* Viola hollickii House H. D.
* Viola hondoensis W.Becker & Boiss.
* Viola hookeri Thomson ex Hook
* Viola hookeriana Kunth.
* Viola hosakae H.St.John
* Viola hossei W.Becker
* Viola howellii Gray A.
* Viola huesoensis Martic.
* Viola huidobrii Gay
* Viola hultenii W.Becker
* Viola humilis Kunth.
* Viola hunanensis Hand.-Mazz.
* Viola hymettia Boiss. & Heldr.
* Viola ibukiana Makino
* Viola ignobilis Rupr.
* Viola improcera L.G.Adams
* Viola incisa Turcz.
* Viola inconspicua Blume
* Viola indica W.Becker
* Viola ircutiana Turcz
* Viola irinae Zolot.
* Viola isaurica Contandr. i Quezel
* Viola ishidoyana Nakai H.
* Viola isopetala Juz.
* Viola iwagawai Makino
* Viola jagellonica Zapal.
* Viola jalapaensis W. Becker
* Viola jangiensis W. Becker
* Viola japonica Langsd.ex Ging.
* Viola jaubertiana Mares & Virgineix
* Viola javanica W. Becker
* Viola joergensenii W. Becker
* Viola johnstonii W. Becker
* Viola jooi Janka
* Viola jordanii Henry J.K.
* Viola kalbreyeri W. Becker
* Viola kamibayashii Nakai H.
* Viola kapsanensis Nakai H.
* Viola kashmiriana W. Becker
* Viola kauaensis Gray A.
* Viola keiskei Janka
* Viola keiskei Miq.
* Viola kermesina W. Becker
* Viola kiangsiensis W. Becker
* Viola kitaibeliana Roem. i Schultes J. A.
* Viola kitamiana Nakai
* Viola kizildaghensis Dinç & Yldirimli
* Viola kjellbergii Melchior H.
* Viola koraiensis Nakai
* Viola kosanensis Hayata
* Viola kosaninii Hayek
* Viola kunawarensis Royle
* Viola kupcokiana W. Becker
* Viola kupfferi Klokov
* Viola kusanoana Makino
* Viola kusnezowiana W. Becker
* Viola labradorica Schrank
* Viola lactea Sm.
* Viola lactiflora Nakai
* Viola lanaiensis W. Becker
* Viola lanceifolia Schumach. & Thonn.
* Viola lanceolata L.
* Viola langeana Valentine
* Viola langsdorfii (Regel)
* Viola lanifera Becker G.
* Viola latistipulata Hemsley W. B.
* Viola lavrenkoana Klokov
* Viola lehmannii W. Becker
* Viola leyboldiana Phil.
* Viola lianhuashanensis Ching J. Wang & Sun K.
* Viola libanotica Boiss.
* Viola lilloana W.Becker
* Viola linifolia Poir.
* Viola lithion Holmgren N. H. & Holmgren P. K.
* Viola littoralis Sprengel
* Viola llullaillacoensis W. Becker
* Viola lobata Benth
* Viola lovelliana Brainerd
* Viola lucens W. Becker
* Viola luciae Skottsberg
* Viola lutea Hudson
* Viola lyallii Hook F.
* Viola macloskeyi Lloyd F. E.
* Viola macroceras Bunge
* Viola maculata Cav.
* Viola maculata Cav. & Weibel
* Viola magellanica Forster F.
* Viola magellensis Porta & Rigo ex Strobl.
* Viola magnifica Wang ex Wang X.D.
* Viola maichurensis Pissjaukova
* Viola makranica Omer S. & Qaiser M.
* Viola malteana House H. D.
* Viola mandonii W.Becker
* Viola mandschurica W.Becker
* Viola maroccana Maire
* Viola mauritii Tepl.
* Viola maviensis
* Viola maximowicziana Makino
* Viola maymanica Grey-Wilson
* Viola mearnsii Merrill
* Viola membranacea W. Becker
* Viola mercurii Orph. ex Halácsy
* Viola merrilliana W. Becker
* Viola meyeriana (Rupr.) Klokov
* Viola micranthella Wedd.
* Viola microceras Rupr.
* Viola microdonta Chang
* Viola minor (Makino)
* Viola minuta Bieb. M.
* Viola minutiflora Phil.
* Viola mirabilis L.
* Viola mistura House H. D.
* Viola modesta Fenzl.
* Viola modesta House H. D.
* Viola mollicula House H. D.
* Viola monbeigii W. Becker
* Viola mongolica Franchet
* Viola montagnei Gay C.
* Viola montcaunica Pau
* Viola moupinensis Franchet
* Viola mucronulifera Hand.-Mazz.
* Viola muehldorfii Kiss
* Viola mulfordiae Pollard C. L.
* Viola muliensisen & Q.E. Yang
* Viola multistolonifera Ching J. Wang
* Viola munbyana Boissieu & Reuter
* Viola munozensis W. Becker
* Viola muscoides Phil.
* Viola nagasawai Makino & Hayata
* Viola nannae Fries R.E.
* Viola nannei Polak
* Viola nassauvioides Phil.
* Viola nebrodensis Presl. C.
* Viola nemausensis Jordan
* Viola nemoralis
* Viola nephrophylla Greene
* Viola niederleinii W.Becker
* Viola nivalis Phil.
* Viola nobilis W.Becker
* Viola notabilis Bicknell E. P.
* Viola nubigena Leybold
* Viola nuda W. Becker
* Viola nuevo-leonensis W.Becker
* Viola nummulariifolia Vill.
* Viola nuttallii Pursh
* Viola oahuensis C.N.Forbes
* Viola obliqua Aiton
* Viola obliquifolia Turcz.
* Viola obtusa (Makino)
* Viola occulta Lehm
* Viola ocellata Torrey & Gray A.
* Viola odontocalycina Boissieu H.
* Viola odorata L.
* Viola oligoceps Chang
* Viola oligyrtia No descripto
* Viola orbelica Pancic
* Viola orbiculata Geyer ex Holz.
* Viola oreades Bieb. M.
* Viola orientalis W. Becker
* Viola orphanidis Boiss.
* Viola orthoceras Ledeb.
* Viola ovalleana Phil.
* Viola ovato-oblonga Makino
* Viola oxyodontis Ballard H. E.
* Viola pachyrrhiza Boissieu H. & Hohen.
* Viola pacifica Juz.
* Viola painteri Rose J. N. & House H. D.
* Viola pallascaensis W. Becker
* Viola palmata L.
* Viola palmensis (Webb & Berthel)
* Viola palustris L.
* Viola papuana W. Becker & Pulle
* Viola paradoxa Lowe
* Viola paravaginata Hara H.
* Viola parnonia Kit Tan, Sfikas G. & Vold G.
* Viola parvula Tineo
* Viola pascua W. Becker
* Viola patrinii (Gingins)
* Viola patrinii Gingins
* Viola pedata L.
* Viola pedatifida Don G.
* Viola pedunculata Torr. & Gray
* Viola pekinensis W. Becker
* Viola pendulicarpa W. Becker
* Viola pentadactyla Fenzl.
* Viola perinensis W. Becker
* Viola perpensa Greene E. L.
* Viola persicifolia Schreber
* Viola phalacrocarpa Maxim
* Viola philippica Cavanilles
* Viola philippii Leyb.
* Viola pilosa Blume
* Viola pinetorum Greene E. L.
* Viola pinnata Franch. & Sav.
* Viola pinnata L.
* Viola placida W. Becker
* Viola plantaginea Webb ex Christ
* Viola poetica Boiss. & Spruner
* Viola pogonantha Sm. W.W.
* Viola polycephala Ballard H. E. & Jorg P.
* Viola polymorpha Chang
* Viola polypoda Turcz.
* Viola popetae Sparre
* Viola populifolia Greene E. L.
* Viola portalesia Gay
* Viola porterana Pollard C. L.
* Viola porterana oregona Greene E. L. & Clausen J. C.
* Viola porterana porterana Pollard C. L.
* Viola portulacea Leyb.
* Viola praemorsa Douglas ex Lindl.
* Viola primulifolia L.
* Viola principis Boiss.
* Viola prionantha Bunge
* Viola pseudo-arcuata Chang
* Viola pseudo-bambusetorum Chang
* Viola pseudo-gracilis Strobl.
* Viola pseudo-mirabilis Coste
* Viola pseudo-monbeigii Chang
* Viola pseudo-stagnina Voroschilov V.N.
* Viola pseudo-vulcanica W. Becker
* Viola psychodes Greene E. L.
* Viola pubescens Aiton
* Viola pulvinata Reiche
* Viola pumila Chaix.
* Viola pumilio W.Becker
* Viola purpurea Kellogg
* Viola purpurea intergrifolia Baker M. S. & Clausen J. C.
* Viola pusillima Wedd.
* Viola pygmaea Juss. ex Poir.
* Viola pyrenaica Ramond ex DC.
* Viola raddeana Regel
* Viola raunsiensis W.Becker & Kosanin
* Viola reichei (Skottsb.)
* Viola reichenbachiana Jordan ex Boreau
* Viola reichii Skottsb.
* Viola renifolia Gray A.
* Viola replicata W.Becker
* Viola reptans Robinson
* Viola rheophila Okamoto
* Viola rhodopeia W.Becker
* Viola riviniana Reichenbach
* Viola robusta Hillebr.
* Viola rockiana W.Becker
* Viola rodriguezii W.Becker
* Viola roigii Rossow
* Viola rossii Hemsl.
* Viola rostrata Pursh
* Viola rotundifolia Michx.
* Viola rubella Cav.
* Viola rupestris Schmidt
* Viola saccata Melchior
* Viola sacchalinensis Boissieu
* Viola sacculus Skottsb.
* Viola sagittata Aiton
* Viola savatieri Makino
* Viola saxifraga Maire
* Viola scandens (Humb.& Bonpl.)
* Viola schachimardanica Chalkuziev
* Viola schensiensis W.Becker
* Viola schneideri W.Becker
* Viola schulzeana W.Becker
* Viola scorpiuroides Cosson
* Viola selkirkii Pursh ex Goldie
* Viola sempervirens Greene
* Viola sempervivum Gay
* Viola senzanensis Hayata
* Viola seoulensis Nakai
* Viola septemloba Le Conte
* Viola septentrionalis Greene
* Viola serrula W. Becker
* Viola sheltonii Torrey
* Viola shikokiana Makino
* Viola shinchikuensis Yamamoto
* Viola shletonii Torrey
* Viola sieberiana Spreng.
* Viola sieboldi Maxim.
* Viola sieheana W. Becker
* Viola sikkimensis W. Becker
* Viola silicestris K.R.Thiele & Prober
* Viola sororia Willd.
* Viola spathulata Willd. ex Roemer R & Schultes J.A.
* Viola spegazzinii W. Becker
* Viola sphaerocarpa W. Becker
* Viola splendida
* Viola stagnina Kit.
* Viola steinbachii W. Becker
* Viola stewardiana W. Becker
* Viola stojanowii W. Becker
* Viola stoloniflora Yokota & Higa
* Viola striata Aiton
* Viola suavis Bieb. M.
* Viola subandina J.M.
* Viola subatlantica (Maire R. & Ibn Tattou M.
* Viola subdimidiata St.Hilaire A.
* Viola sublanceolata House H. D.
* Viola subsinuata (Greene E. L.)
* Viola szetschwanensis W. Becker & Boissieu H.
* Viola taishanensis Ching J. Wang
* Viola taltalensis W. Becker
* Viola tanaitica Grosset
* Viola tarbagataica Klokov
* Viola tashiroi Makino
* Viola tectiflora W. Becker
* Viola tenuicornis (W. Becker)
* Viola tenuissima Chang
* Viola teplouchovii Juz.
* Viola thomsonii Oudemans
* Viola thorii Nelson A.
* Viola tineorum Erben M. & Raimondo F.M.
* Viola tokubuchiana Makino
* Viola tomentosa (Baker M. S.)
* Viola tracheliifolia Gingins & Skottsb
* Viola triangulifolia W. Becker
* Viola trichopetala Chang
* Viola tricolor (L.)
* Viola triflabellata W. Becker
* Viola trinervata (Howell T. J.)
* Viola tripartita Elliott
* Viola tsugitakaensis Masamune
* Viola tuberifera Franchet
* Viola tucumanensis W. Becker
* Viola turkestanica Regel & Schnalh.
* Viola ucriana Erben M. & Raimondo F.M.
* Viola uliginosa Besser
* Viola umbraticola Kunth.
* Viola uniflora L.
* Viola urophylla Franchet
* Viola urophylla Franchet
* Viola ursina Komarov
* Viola utahensis Baker M. S. & Clausen J. C. ex Baker M. S.
* Viola vaginata Maxim
* Viola valderia All.
* Viola vallicola Nelson A.
* Viola variegata Fischer ex Link
* Viola variegata Maxim.
* Viola verecunda Gray A.
* Viola verecunda Maxim.
* Viola verticillata Ortega
* Viola vespertina Klokov
* Viola viarum Pollard C. L.
* Viola villosa Walter
* Viola violacea Mak.
* Viola volcanica Gillies ex Hook & Arn.
* Viola wailenalenae (Rock J. F.)
* Viola wallichiana Gingins
* Viola walteri House H. D.
* Viola weberbaueri W. Becker
* Viola websteri Hemsley W. B. ex Forb. & Hemsl.
* Viola weddellii W. Becker
* Viola weibelii Macbride J.F. ex Baehni & Weibel
* Viola weixiensis Ching J. Wang
* Viola wiesbaurii Sabransky
* Viola willkommii Roemer R.
* Viola ×bernardii Greene (pro sp.)
* Viola ×bissellii House
* Viola ×brauniae Grover ex Cooperrider
* Viola ×conjugens Greene (pro sp.)
* Viola ×consobrina House
* Viola ×consocia House
* Viola ×cooperrideri H.E. Ballard
* Viola ×cordifolia (Schwein) (pro sp.)
* Viola ×davisii House
* Viola ×eamesii House
* Viola ×eclipes H.E. Ballard
* Viola ×filicetorum Greene (pro sp.)
* Viola ×hollickii House
* Viola ×insolita House
* Viola ×luciae Skottsberg
* Viola ×malteana House
* Viola ×mistura House (pro sp.)
* Viola ×modesta House
* Viola ×mollicula House
* Viola ×mulfordiae Pollard (pro sp.)
* Viola ×notabilis Bickn. (pro sp.)
* Viola ×populifolia Greene (pro sp.)
* Viola ×primulifolia L. (pro sp.)
* Viola ×ravida House
* Viola ×redacta House
* Viola ×ryoniae House
* Viola ×slavinii House
* Viola ×wittrockiana Gams.
* Viola ×wujekii H.E. Ballard
* Viola yamatsutae Ishidoya
* Viola yezoensis
* Viola yubariana Nakai
* Viola yunnanensis W. Becker & Boissieu H.
* Viola yunnanfuensis W. Becker

## Referències

* ↑ «viola ». Diccionari de la llengua catalana de l'IEC. Institut d'Estudis Catalans.

## Enllaços externs

* ITIS Arxivat 2004-04-21 a Wayback Machine. (Accessed December 2 2002)
* The Oxford Companion to Food, by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-211579-0
* Larousse Gastronomique, by Prosper Montagne (Ed.), Clarkson Potter, 2001. ISBN 0-609-60971-8
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