# جدول النظائر

أنظر أيضا جدول النظائر المجزأ
جدول النظائر أو جدول النوكليدات في الفيزياء (بالإنجليزية: table of nuclides أو chart of nuclides)‏ هو جدول ذو بعدين ويحتوي على مربعات للنظائر. يرتب المحور الرأسي عدد النيوترونات الموجودة في نواة ذرة النظير، ويعطي المحور الأفقي عدد البروتونات فيها. يعرّف كل مربع في الجدول نظير معين، ويعطي عدد مكونات نواته من بروتونات ونيوترونات، كما يبين لون المربع نوع النشاط الإشعاعي. ويتميز هذا الجدول بإعطائه معلومات متعمقة عن الخواص النظائر الإشعاعية للفيزيائي، وهو بمثابة الجدول الدوري الذي يستخدمه الكيميائي لمعرفة ترتيب العناصر وخواصها. جدول النظائر يعطي معلومات عن خواص نواة الذرة، أما الجدول الدوري فيعطي معلومات عن الغلاف الإلكتروني للذرة والتكافؤ.

## وصفه واستخدامه

تعني كلمة «نوكليد» نواة الذرة وتأتي هذه التسمية من مكونات النواة وهي البروتونات والنيوترونات، ويُطلق على كل منهما اسم نوكليون. ويبين الجدول التالي جزءا صغيرا من الجدول الكامل، ويتحتوي على الخمسة عشر عنصر الأولين من الجدول الكامل، بغرض التوضيح.
يصف جدول النوكليدات الخصائص النووية لجميع نظائر العناصر بمعنى أنه يعطي خصائص فيزيائية لنواة الذرة مثل النشاط الإشعاعي ونوعه. ويتكون كل عنصر كيميائي من عدة نظائر، يتساوى فيها عدد البروتونات ويختلف عدد النيوترونات فيها. والنظائر الذرية كما تسمى أحيانا قد تكون مستقرة (أي لا تتغير من نفسها) أو يمكن أن تكون نظائر مشعة وهذه غير مستقرة، بل تتحلل إما ب تحلل ألفا أو تحلل بيتا أو تصدر أشعة غاما. ويقارب جدول النوكليدات الجدول الدوري من وجهة ترتيب العناصر، فيعطي الجدول الدوري ترتيب العناصر بحسب خصائصهم الكيميائية حيث لا تختلف الخواص الكيميائية للنظائر المختلفة لعنصر معين. ويرتب جدول النظائر النظائر على المحور الرأسي بحيث نجد نظائر عنصر معين تحت بعضها، مثلما في الشكل بالنسبة للبور-8 (B-8)، وبور-9 وبور-10 وبور-11 وبور-12.
نظائر العناصر 1-15 :
| p | 1 | 2 |
| n | H | He | 3 | 4 |
| 0 | $^1$H | | Li | Be | 5 | 6 |
| 1 | $^2$H / D | ³He | | | B | C | 7 |
| 2 | $^3$H / T | $^4$He | $^5$Li | $^6$Be | | $^8$C | N | 8 |
| 3 | | $^5$He | $^6$Li | $^7$Be | $^8$B | $^9$C | | O | 9 |
| 4 | | $^6$He | $^7$Li | $^8$Be | $^9$B | $^{10}$C | $^{11}$N | | F | 10 |
| 5 | | | $^8$Li | $^9$Be | $^{10}$B | $^{11}$C | $^{12}$N | $^{13}$O | | Ne | 11 |
| | 6 | $^8$He | $^9$Li | $^{10}$Be | $^{11}$B | $^{12}$C | $^{13}$N | $^{14}$O | | | Na | 12 |
| | 7 | | | $^{11}$Be | $^{12}$B | $^{13}$C | $^{14}$N | $^{15}$O | $^{16}$F | $^{17}$Ne | | Mg | 13 |
| | | 8 | $^{11}$Li | $^{12}$Be | $^{13}$B | $^{14}$C | $^{15}$N | $^{16}$O | $^{17}$F | $^{18}$Ne | $^{19}$Na | $^{20}$Mg | Al | 14 |
| | | 9 | | | $^{14}$B | $^{15}$C | $^{16}$N | $^{17}$O | $^{18}$F | $^{19}$Ne | $^{20}$Na | $^{21}$Mg | | Si | 15 |
| | | | 10 | $^{14}$Be | $^{15}$B | $^{16}$C | $^{17}$N | $^{18}$O | $^{19}$F | $^{20}$Ne | $^{21}$Na | $^{22}$Mg | $^{23}$Al | | P |
| | | | 11 | | | $^{17}$C | $^{18}$N | $^{19}$O | $^{20}$F | $^{21}$Ne | $^{22}$Na | $^{23}$Mg | $^{24}$Al | $^{25}$Si |
| غير مستقر | غير مستقر | غير مستقر | غير مستقر | 12 | $^{17}$B | $^{18}$C | $^{19}$N | $^{20}$O | $^{21}$F | $^{22}$Ne | $^{23}$Na | $^{24}$Mg | $^{25}$Al | $^{26}$Si | $^{27}$P |
| 1-10 أيام | 1-10 أيام | 1-10 أيام | 1-10 أيام | 13 | | $^{19}$C | $^{20}$N | $^{21}$O | $^{22}$F | $^{23}$Ne | $^{24}$Na | $^{25}$Mg | $^{26}$Al | $^{27}$Si | $^{28}$P |
| 10-100 أيام | 10-100 أيام | 10-100 أيام | 10-100 أيام | | 14 | | $^{21}$N | $^{22}$O | $^{23}$F | $^{24}$Ne | $^{25}$Na | $^{26}$Mg | $^{27}$Al | $^{28}$Si | $^{29}$P |
| 100 أيام - 10 سنوات | 100 أيام - 10 سنوات | 100 أيام - 10 سنوات | 100 أيام - 10 سنوات | | | 15 | | $^{23}$O | $^{24}$F | $^{25}$Ne | $^{26}$Na | $^{27}$Mg | $^{28}$Al | $^{29}$Si | $^{30}$P |
| 10-10 000 سنوات | 10-10 000 سنوات | 10-10 000 سنوات | 10-10 000 سنوات | | | | 16 | $^{24}$O | $^{25}$F | $^{26}$Ne | $^{27}$Na | $^{28}$Mg | $^{29}$Al | $^{30}$Si | $^{31}$P |
| >10 000 سنوات | >10 000 سنوات | >10 000 سنوات | >10 000 سنوات | | | | | 17 | | $^{27}$Ne | $^{28}$Na | $^{29}$Mg | $^{30}$Al | $^{31}$Si | $^{32}$P |
| عنصر مشع طبيعي. 10$^{12}$ سنة | عنصر مشع طبيعي. 10$^{12}$ سنة | عنصر مشع طبيعي. 10$^{12}$ سنة | عنصر مشع طبيعي. 10$^{12}$ سنة | | | | | | 18 | | $^{29}$Na | $^{30}$Mg | $^{31}$Al | $^{32}$Si | $^{33}$P |
| مستقر 10$^{12}$ سنة | مستقر 10$^{12}$ سنة | مستقر 10$^{12}$ سنة | مستقر 10$^{12}$ سنة | | | | | | 19 | | $^{30}$Na | $^{31}$Mg | $^{32}$Al | $^{33}$Si | $^{34}$P |
| | | | | | | | | | 20 | | $^{31}$Na | $^{32}$Mg | $^{33}$Al | $^{34}$Si | $^{35}$P |
| | | | | | | | | | 21 | | $^{32}$Na | | $^{34}$Al | $^{35}$Si | $^{36}$P |
| | | | | | | | | | 22 | | $^{33}$Na | | | $^{36}$Si | $^{37}$P |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 23 | | $^{38}$P |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 24 | | $^{39}$P |
يعطي الترتيب الأفقي عدد البروتونات في النواة، ويبلغ عددهم في عنصر البور 5. لهذا نجد نظائر البور في عامود رقم 5. ويأتي بعد البور عنصر الكربون وعدد بروتوناته 6، وهنا نجد في العمود رقم 6 نظائر الكربون تحت بعضها كربون-11 وكربون-12 وكربون-13 وكربون 14 وغيرها.
عندما نتتبع الأعمدة في اتجاه اليمين حيث تقل أعداد البروتونات في أنوية الذرات المختلفة إلى 4 البيريليوم و 3 الليثيوم و 2 الهيليوم وعلى عمود كل منها ما ينتمي إليه من نظائر. بذلك نصل إلى أبسط العناصر الموجودة في الكون والذي تحتوي نواته 1 بروتون وهو الهيدروجين. وهو ترتيبه «الأول». ومن الجدول يتبين لنا أن للهيدروجين المستقر نظيرين آخرين: ديوتيريوم وهو يحتوي على 1 بروتون و 1 نيوترون، وتريتيوم وهو يحتوي على 1 بروتون و 2 نيوترون.
* المربعات ذات اللون الأحمر تمثل النظائر المستقرة. وتشكل المربعات تحتها (أبيض) نظائر مشعة تتحلل طبقا لتحلل بيتا(-)، أما النظائر التي تشغل المربعات البيضاء فوق السلسة الحمراء فهي أيضا نظائر مشعة ولكنها تتحلل طبقا ل تحلل بيتا(+)
. وفي كلتا الحالتين يحاول النظير المشع الوصول إلى الاستقرار، أي الوصول إلى مربع أحمر قريب يكفل له الاستقرار.
* فعلى سبيل المثال: يتحلل الكربون-14 (C-14) بتحلل بيتا(-) حيث يتحول أحد نيوتروناته إلى بروتون وإصدار إلكترون فيصبح نيتروجين-14 (N-14).
كما يعطي لون المربع بالتقريب عمر النصف وهو بالنسبة للكربون-14 4730 سنة، ولهاذا فلون مربعه بني فاتح.
* البريليوم-7 (بنفسجي) هو نظير غير مستقر وللوصول إلى حالة الاستقرار فهو يؤدي ما يسمى اصتياد إلكترون من غلافة الإلكتروني فيتحول أحد البروتونات في نواته إلى نيوترون وبذلك يتحول البريليوم-7 إلى ليثيوم-7 [أحمر) ويصبح مستقرا.

## النشاط الإشعاعي والتفاعلات النووية على جدول النظائر

قام بابتكار هذه الطريقة البيانية للنشاط الإشعاعي العالم الفيزيائي إميليو سيغري:
(لاحظ أن المحور الأفقي في هذا الشكل يعطي عدد النيوترونات، بينما يعطي المحور الرأسي عدد البروتونات).
* عندما تتحلل النواة عن طريق تحلل ألفا يحمل جسيم ألفا معه 2 بروتون و 2 نيوترون منطلقا خارج النواة. وعلى ذلك تنتقل النواة الجديدة عمودين إلى اليسار من النواة الأم وصفين تحتها.
* في تحلل بيتا(-) يتحول أحد نيوترونات النواة الأم إلى بروتون. ونجد أن النواة الجديدة تنتقل خطوة إلى اليسار وإلى أعلى.
* في تحلل بيتا(+) يتحول أحد البروتونات إلى نيوترون. وتنتقل النواة لجديدة خطوة إلى اليمين وإلى أسفل. (كما يحدث ذلك أيضا عندما تمتص النواة الأم إلكترونا خارجيا).
* عندا تشع النواة شعاع غاما فلا يتغير وضعها على الجدول.
* بالنسبة إلى تفاعل نووي فمعظم التفاعلات تكون مصحوبة بانتقال معين للنواة الداخلة في التفاعل. وعلى سبيل المثال: تنتقل نواة داخلة في تفاعل من نوع n,p)-Reaction) خطوة إلى اليمين (حيث تمتص 1 نيوترون n وتطرد 1 بروتون p خلال التفاعل) وتصبح نظيرا لعنصر آخر. كما توجد تفاعلات نووية تمتص خلالها النواة 1 نيوترون وتُصدر 2 نيوترونات - [ويرمز لهذا التفاعل n,2n)-Reaction)] - وعنذئد تنتقل النواة خطوة إلى اليسار، أي تظل نفس العنصر حيث لم يتغير عدد البروتونات فيها، وهكذا.

## أنواع التحلل الإشعاعي

يبين الشكل توزيع نظائر العناصر حيث يعطي المحور الأفقي عدد النيوترونات N، ويعطي المحور الرأسي عدد البروتونات Z.
وكما يبين الجدول تشغل النظائر المستقرة المربعات السوداء. أما المربعات البرتقالية اللون والزرقاء فهي نظائر مشعة غير مستقرة، وتصل إلى حالة الاستقارا عن طريق التحلل. تبين المربعات البرتقالية النظائر المشعة التي تتحلل طبقا تحلل بيتا(+) والمربعات الزرقاء النظائر المشعة التي تتحلل طبقا تحلل بيتا(-)، وأما المربعات الصفراء فتشغلها نظائر تتحلل بتحلل ألفا. ويلاحظ أن تحلل ألفا من خواص العناصر الثقيلة مثل اليورانيوم وغيره.
ويلاحظ ما يلي:
* يمثل الخط النظري موقع النظائر المستقرة حيت يتساوى عدد البروتونات وعدد النيوترونات في نواة الذرة. وهو يبين أن النظائر التي تحتوي على أكثر من 20 بروتون تحتاج إلى عدد أكبر من النيوترونات لكي تكون مستقرة.
* تحتاج النظائر ذات عدد من البروتونات أكثر من 20 بروتون إلى عدد أكبر من النيوترونات بسبب زيادة التنافر بين أعداد متزايدة من البروتونات، وهي موجبة الشحنة. فتعمل النيوترونات الموجودة في النواة على تخفيف حدة ذلك التنافر. والقوة التي تتحكم في ربط النيوكليونات في النواة تسمى تآثر قوي.
* لا توجد في الطبيعة نظائر تتعدي عنصر اليورانيوم ويحتوي اليورانيوم على 92 بروتون. وضلك بسبب التنافر الشديد بين البروتونات. ولكي يكون اليورانيوم-238 مستقرا نوعا ما (عمر النصف نحو 5 و4 مليار سنة) فهو يحتوي إلى جانب 92 بروتون على 146 من نيوترونات. وهو يتحلل طبقا ل تحلل ألفا.
* جميع النظائر التي تتعدى اليورانيوم في جدول النظائر تحضر صناعيا بواسطة المفاعلات النووية أو معجلات الجسيمات، وهي جميعها تتحلل بالنشاط الإشعاعي.

## الجدول الموحد (جميع العناصر)

ويظهر الجدول أدناه النظائر المعروفة للعناصر الكيميائية. يتم ترتيبها بتزايد الأعداد الذرية (عدد البروتونات) من اليمين إلى اليسار وبتزايد أرقام النيوترون من الأعلى إلى الأسفل.
أعمار النصف (مثال: Gd) :
| $^{145}$Gd | < يوم واحد |
| $^{146}$Gd | 1–10 أيام |
| $^{149}$Gd | 10–100 يوم |
| $^{153}$Gd | 100 يوم–10 س |
| $^{148}$Gd | 10–10,000 س |
| $^{150}$Gd | 10 ك.س.–103 م.س. |
| $^{152}$Gd | > 700 م.س. |
| $^{158}$Gd | مستقر |
| Z → | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| n ↓ | نيوترونيوم | H | He | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 0 | | H | | Li | Be | B | 6 |
| 1 | n | H | He | Li | Be | B | C | 7 |
| 2 | | H | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | 8 |
| 3 | | H | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | 9 |
| 4 | | H | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | 10 | | | 13 |
| 5 | | H | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | 11 | 12 | Al |
| 6 | | H | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | Na | Mg | $^{19}$Al | 14 |
| | | 7 | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | Na | Mg | $^{20}$Al | Si | 15 |
| | | 8 | He | Li | Be | B | C | N | $^{16}$O | $^{17}$F | $^{18}$Ne | $^{19}$Na | $^{20}$Mg | $^{21}$Al | $^{22}$Si | P | 16 |
| | | | 9 | Li | Be | B | $^{15}$C | $^{16}$N | O | F | $^{19}$Ne | $^{20}$Na | $^{21}$Mg | $^{22}$Al | $^{23}$Si | $^{24}$P | S | 17 |
| | | | | 10 | Be | B | $^{16}$C | $^{17}$N | O | $^{19}$F | $^{20}$Ne | $^{21}$Na | $^{22}$Mg | $^{23}$Al | $^{24}$Si | $^{25}$P | $^{26}$S | Cl | 18 |
| | | | | 11 | Be | B | $^{17}$C | $^{18}$N | $^{19}$O | $^{20}$F | $^{21}$Ne | $^{22}$Na | $^{23}$Mg | $^{24}$Al | $^{25}$Si | $^{26}$P | $^{27}$S | $^{28}$Cl | Ar | 19 |
| | | | | 12 | Be | B | $^{18}$C | $^{19}$N | $^{20}$O | $^{21}$F | $^{22}$Ne | $^{23}$Na | $^{24}$Mg | $^{25}$Al | $^{26}$Si | $^{27}$P | $^{28}$S | $^{29}$Cl | $^{30}$Ar | K | 20 |
| | | | | | | 13 | $^{19}$C | $^{20}$N | $^{21}$O | $^{22}$F | $^{23}$Ne | $^{24}$Na | $^{25}$Mg | Al | $^{27}$Si | $^{28}$P | $^{29}$S | $^{30}$Cl | $^{31}$Ar | $^{32}$K | Ca |
| | | | | | | 14 | $^{20}$C | $^{21}$N | $^{22}$O | $^{23}$F | $^{24}$Ne | $^{25}$Na | $^{26}$Mg | $^{27}$Al | $^{28}$Si | $^{29}$P | $^{30}$S | $^{31}$Cl | $^{32}$Ar | $^{33}$K | $^{34}$Ca | 21 | 22 |
| | | | | | | | 15 | $^{22}$N | $^{23}$O | $^{24}$F | $^{25}$Ne | $^{26}$Na | $^{27}$Mg | $^{28}$Al | $^{29}$Si | $^{30}$P | $^{31}$S | $^{32}$Cl | $^{33}$Ar | $^{34}$K | $^{35}$Ca | Sc | Ti | 23 |
| | | | | | | | | 16 | $^{24}$O | $^{25}$F | $^{26}$Ne | $^{27}$Na | $^{28}$Mg | $^{29}$Al | $^{30}$Si | $^{31}$P | $^{32}$S | $^{33}$Cl | $^{34}$Ar | $^{35}$K | $^{36}$Ca | $^{37}$Sc | $^{38}$Ti | V | 24 |
| | | | | | | | | | 17 | $^{26}$F | $^{27}$Ne | $^{28}$Na | $^{29}$Mg | $^{30}$Al | $^{31}$Si | $^{32}$P | $^{33}$S | $^{34}$Cl | $^{35}$Ar | $^{36}$K | $^{37}$Ca | $^{38}$Sc | $^{39}$Ti | $^{40}$V | Cr | 25 | 26 |
| | | | | | | | | | 18 | $^{27}$F | $^{28}$Ne | $^{29}$Na | $^{30}$Mg | $^{31}$Al | $^{32}$Si | $^{33}$P | $^{34}$S | $^{35}$Cl | $^{36}$Ar | $^{37}$K | $^{38}$Ca | $^{39}$Sc | $^{40}$Ti | $^{41}$V | $^{42}$Cr | Mn | Fe | 27 | 28 |
| | | | | | | | | | 19 | $^{28}$F | $^{29}$Ne | $^{30}$Na | $^{31}$Mg | $^{32}$Al | $^{33}$Si | $^{34}$P | $^{35}$S | Cl | $^{37}$Ar | $^{38}$K | $^{39}$Ca | $^{40}$Sc | $^{41}$Ti | $^{42}$V | $^{43}$Cr | $^{44}$Mn | $^{45}$Fe | Co | Ni |
| | | | | | | | | | 20 | $^{29}$F | $^{30}$Ne | $^{31}$Na | $^{32}$Mg | $^{33}$Al | $^{34}$Si | $^{35}$P | $^{36}$S | Cl | $^{38}$Ar | $^{39}$K | $^{40}$Ca | $^{41}$Sc | $^{42}$Ti | $^{43}$V | $^{44}$Cr | $^{45}$Mn | $^{46}$Fe | $^{47}$Co | $^{48}$Ni |
| | | | | | | | | | 21 | $^{30}$F | $^{31}$Ne | $^{32}$Na | $^{33}$Mg | $^{34}$Al | $^{35}$Si | $^{36}$P | $^{37}$S | $^{38}$Cl | $^{39}$Ar | K | $^{41}$Ca | $^{42}$Sc | $^{43}$Ti | $^{44}$V | $^{45}$Cr | $^{46}$Mn | $^{47}$Fe | $^{48}$Co | $^{49}$Ni | 29 |
| | | | | | | | | | 22 | $^{31}$F | $^{32}$Ne | $^{33}$Na | $^{34}$Mg | $^{35}$Al | $^{36}$Si | $^{37}$P | $^{38}$S | $^{39}$Cl | $^{40}$Ar | $^{41}$K | $^{42}$Ca | $^{43}$Sc | $^{44}$Ti | $^{45}$V | $^{46}$Cr | $^{47}$Mn | $^{48}$Fe | $^{49}$Co | $^{50}$Ni | Cu | 30 |
| | | | | | | | | | | 23 | $^{33}$Ne | $^{34}$Na | $^{35}$Mg | $^{36}$Al | $^{37}$Si | $^{38}$P | $^{39}$S | $^{40}$Cl | $^{41}$Ar | $^{42}$K | $^{43}$Ca | $^{44}$Sc | $^{45}$Ti | $^{46}$V | $^{47}$Cr | $^{48}$Mn | $^{49}$Fe | $^{50}$Co | $^{51}$Ni | $^{52}$Cu | Zn | 31 |
| | | | | | | | | | | 24 | $^{34}$Ne | $^{35}$Na | $^{36}$Mg | $^{37}$Al | $^{38}$Si | $^{39}$P | $^{40}$S | $^{41}$Cl | $^{42}$Ar | $^{43}$K | $^{44}$Ca | $^{45}$Sc | $^{46}$Ti | $^{47}$V | $^{48}$Cr | $^{49}$Mn | $^{50}$Fe | $^{51}$Co | $^{52}$Ni | $^{53}$Cu | $^{54}$Zn | Ga | 32 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | 25 | $^{36}$Na | $^{37}$Mg | $^{38}$Al | $^{39}$Si | $^{40}$P | $^{41}$S | $^{42}$Cl | $^{43}$Ar | $^{44}$K | $^{45}$Ca | $^{46}$Sc | $^{47}$Ti | $^{48}$V | $^{49}$Cr | $^{50}$Mn | $^{51}$Fe | $^{52}$Co | $^{53}$Ni | $^{54}$Cu | $^{55}$Zn | $^{56}$Ga | Ge | 33 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | 26 | $^{37}$Na | $^{38}$Mg | $^{39}$Al | $^{40}$Si | $^{41}$P | $^{42}$S | $^{43}$Cl | $^{44}$Ar | $^{45}$K | $^{46}$Ca | $^{47}$Sc | $^{48}$Ti | $^{49}$V | $^{50}$Cr | $^{51}$Mn | $^{52}$Fe | $^{53}$Co | $^{54}$Ni | $^{55}$Cu | $^{56}$Zn | $^{57}$Ga | $^{58}$Ge | As |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | 27 | $^{39}$Mg | $^{40}$Al | $^{41}$Si | $^{42}$P | $^{43}$S | $^{44}$Cl | $^{45}$Ar | $^{46}$K | $^{47}$Ca | $^{48}$Sc | $^{49}$Ti | $^{50}$V | $^{51}$Cr | $^{52}$Mn | $^{53}$Fe | $^{54}$Co | $^{55}$Ni | $^{56}$Cu | $^{57}$Zn | $^{58}$Ga | $^{59}$Ge | $^{60}$As |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | 28 | $^{40}$Mg | $^{41}$Al | $^{42}$Si | $^{43}$P | $^{44}$S | $^{45}$Cl | $^{46}$Ar | $^{47}$K | $^{48}$Ca | $^{49}$Sc | $^{50}$Ti | $^{51}$V | $^{52}$Cr | $^{53}$Mn | $^{54}$Fe | $^{55}$Co | $^{56}$Ni | $^{57}$Cu | $^{58}$Zn | $^{59}$Ga | $^{60}$Ge | $^{61}$As |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 29 | $^{42}$Al | $^{43}$Si | $^{44}$P | $^{45}$S | $^{46}$Cl | $^{47}$Ar | $^{48}$K | $^{49}$Ca | $^{50}$Sc | $^{51}$Ti | $^{52}$V | $^{53}$Cr | $^{54}$Mn | $^{55}$Fe | $^{56}$Co | $^{57}$Ni | $^{58}$Cu | $^{59}$Zn | $^{60}$Ga | $^{61}$Ge | $^{62}$As | 34 | 35 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 30 | $^{44}$Si | $^{45}$P | $^{46}$S | $^{47}$Cl | $^{48}$Ar | $^{49}$K | $^{50}$Ca | $^{51}$Sc | $^{52}$Ti | $^{53}$V | $^{54}$Cr | $^{55}$Mn | Fe | $^{57}$Co | $^{58}$Ni | $^{59}$Cu | $^{60}$Zn | $^{61}$Ga | $^{62}$Ge | $^{63}$As | Se | Br |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 31 | $^{46}$P | $^{47}$S | $^{48}$Cl | $^{49}$Ar | $^{50}$K | $^{51}$Ca | $^{52}$Sc | $^{53}$Ti | $^{54}$V | $^{55}$Cr | $^{56}$Mn | $^{57}$Fe | $^{58}$Co | $^{59}$Ni | $^{60}$Cu | $^{61}$Zn | $^{62}$Ga | $^{63}$Ge | $^{64}$As | $^{65}$Se | $^{66}$Br | 36 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 32 | $^{48}$S | $^{49}$Cl | $^{50}$Ar | $^{51}$K | $^{52}$Ca | $^{53}$Sc | $^{54}$Ti | $^{55}$V | $^{56}$Cr | $^{57}$Mn | $^{58}$Fe | $^{59}$Co | $^{60}$Ni | $^{61}$Cu | $^{62}$Zn | $^{63}$Ga | $^{64}$Ge | $^{65}$As | $^{66}$Se | $^{67}$Br | Kr | 37 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 33 | $^{49}$S | $^{50}$Cl | $^{51}$Ar | $^{52}$K | $^{53}$Ca | $^{54}$Sc | $^{55}$Ti | $^{56}$V | $^{57}$Cr | $^{58}$Mn | $^{59}$Fe | Co | $^{61}$Ni | $^{62}$Cu | $^{63}$Zn | $^{64}$Ga | $^{65}$Ge | $^{66}$As | $^{67}$Se | $^{68}$Br | $^{69}$Kr | Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 34 | $^{51}$Cl | $^{52}$Ar | $^{53}$K | $^{54}$Ca | $^{55}$Sc | $^{56}$Ti | $^{57}$V | $^{58}$Cr | $^{59}$Mn | $^{60}$Fe | $^{61}$Co | Ni | $^{63}$Cu | $^{64}$Zn | $^{65}$Ga | $^{66}$Ge | $^{67}$As | $^{68}$Se | $^{69}$Br | $^{70}$Kr | $^{71}$Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 35 | $^{53}$Ar | $^{54}$K | $^{55}$Ca | $^{56}$Sc | $^{57}$Ti | $^{58}$V | $^{59}$Cr | $^{60}$Mn | $^{61}$Fe | $^{62}$Co | $^{63}$Ni | $^{64}$Cu | $^{65}$Zn | $^{66}$Ga | $^{67}$Ge | $^{68}$As | $^{69}$Se | $^{70}$Br | $^{71}$Kr | $^{72}$Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 36 | $^{55}$K | $^{56}$Ca | $^{57}$Sc | $^{58}$Ti | $^{59}$V | $^{60}$Cr | $^{61}$Mn | $^{62}$Fe | $^{63}$Co | $^{64}$Ni | $^{65}$Cu | $^{66}$Zn | $^{67}$Ga | $^{68}$Ge | $^{69}$As | $^{70}$Se | $^{71}$Br | $^{72}$Kr | $^{73}$Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 37 | $^{56}$K | $^{57}$Ca | $^{58}$Sc | $^{59}$Ti | $^{60}$V | $^{61}$Cr | $^{62}$Mn | $^{63}$Fe | $^{64}$Co | $^{65}$Ni | $^{66}$Cu | $^{67}$Zn | $^{68}$Ga | $^{69}$Ge | $^{70}$As | $^{71}$Se | $^{72}$Br | $^{73}$Kr | $^{74}$Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 38 | $^{59}$Sc | $^{60}$Ti | $^{61}$V | $^{62}$Cr | $^{63}$Mn | $^{64}$Fe | $^{65}$Co | $^{66}$Ni | $^{67}$Cu | $^{68}$Zn | $^{69}$Ga | $^{70}$Ge | $^{71}$As | $^{72}$Se | $^{73}$Br | $^{74}$Kr | $^{75}$Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 39 | $^{60}$Sc | $^{61}$Ti | $^{62}$V | $^{63}$Cr | $^{64}$Mn | $^{65}$Fe | $^{66}$Co | $^{67}$Ni | $^{68}$Cu | $^{69}$Zn | $^{70}$Ga | $^{71}$Ge | $^{72}$As | $^{73}$Se | $^{74}$Br | $^{75}$Kr | $^{76}$Rb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40 | $^{62}$Ti | $^{63}$V | $^{64}$Cr | $^{65}$Mn | $^{66}$Fe | $^{67}$Co | $^{68}$Ni | $^{69}$Cu | $^{70}$Zn | $^{71}$Ga | $^{72}$Ge | $^{73}$As | $^{74}$Se | $^{75}$Br | $^{76}$Kr | $^{77}$Rb | 38 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 41 | $^{63}$Ti | $^{64}$V | $^{65}$Cr | $^{66}$Mn | $^{67}$Fe | $^{68}$Co | $^{69}$Ni | $^{70}$Cu | $^{71}$Zn | $^{72}$Ga | $^{73}$Ge | $^{74}$As | $^{75}$Se | $^{76}$Br | $^{77}$Kr | $^{78}$Rb | Sr | 39 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 42 | $^{65}$V | $^{66}$Cr | $^{67}$Mn | $^{68}$Fe | $^{69}$Co | $^{70}$Ni | $^{71}$Cu | $^{72}$Zn | $^{73}$Ga | $^{74}$Ge | $^{75}$As | $^{76}$Se | $^{77}$Br | $^{78}$Kr | $^{79}$Rb | $^{80}$Sr | Y | 40 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 43 | $^{67}$Cr | $^{68}$Mn | $^{69}$Fe | $^{70}$Co | $^{71}$Ni | $^{72}$Cu | $^{73}$Zn | $^{74}$Ga | $^{75}$Ge | $^{76}$As | $^{77}$Se | $^{78}$Br | $^{79}$Kr | $^{80}$Rb | $^{81}$Sr | $^{82}$Y | Zr | 41 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 44 | $^{69}$Mn | $^{70}$Fe | $^{71}$Co | $^{72}$Ni | $^{73}$Cu | $^{74}$Zn | $^{75}$Ga | $^{76}$Ge | $^{77}$As | $^{78}$Se | $^{79}$Br | $^{80}$Kr | $^{81}$Rb | $^{82}$Sr | $^{83}$Y | $^{84}$Zr | Nb | 42 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 45 | $^{71}$Fe | $^{72}$Co | $^{73}$Ni | $^{74}$Cu | $^{75}$Zn | $^{76}$Ga | $^{77}$Ge | $^{78}$As | Se | $^{80}$Br | $^{81}$Kr | $^{82}$Rb | $^{83}$Sr | $^{84}$Y | $^{85}$Zr | $^{86}$Nb | Mo | 43 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 46 | $^{72}$Fe | $^{73}$Co | $^{74}$Ni | $^{75}$Cu | $^{76}$Zn | $^{77}$Ga | $^{78}$Ge | $^{79}$As | $^{80}$Se | $^{81}$Br | $^{82}$Kr | $^{83}$Rb | $^{84}$Sr | $^{85}$Y | $^{86}$Zr | $^{87}$Nb | $^{88}$Mo | Tc | 44 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 47 | $^{74}$Co | $^{75}$Ni | $^{76}$Cu | $^{77}$Zn | $^{78}$Ga | $^{79}$Ge | $^{80}$As | $^{81}$Se | $^{82}$Br | $^{83}$Kr | $^{84}$Rb | $^{85}$Sr | $^{86}$Y | $^{87}$Zr | $^{88}$Nb | $^{89}$Mo | $^{90}$Tc | Ru | 45 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 48 | $^{75}$Co | $^{76}$Ni | $^{77}$Cu | $^{78}$Zn | $^{79}$Ga | $^{80}$Ge | $^{81}$As | $^{82}$Se | $^{83}$Br | $^{84}$Kr | $^{85}$Rb | $^{86}$Sr | $^{87}$Y | $^{88}$Zr | $^{89}$Nb | $^{90}$Mo | $^{91}$Tc | $^{92}$Ru | Rh | 46 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 49 | $^{77}$Ni | $^{78}$Cu | $^{79}$Zn | $^{80}$Ga | $^{81}$Ge | $^{82}$As | $^{83}$Se | $^{84}$Br | Kr | $^{86}$Rb | $^{87}$Sr | $^{88}$Y | $^{89}$Zr | $^{90}$Nb | $^{91}$Mo | $^{92}$Tc | $^{93}$Ru | | Pd | 47 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50 | $^{78}$Ni | $^{79}$Cu | $^{80}$Zn | $^{81}$Ga | $^{82}$Ge | $^{83}$As | $^{84}$Se | $^{85}$Br | $^{86}$Kr | $^{87}$Rb | $^{88}$Sr | $^{89}$Y | $^{90}$Zr | $^{91}$Nb | $^{92}$Mo | $^{93}$Tc | $^{94}$Ru | $^{95}$Rh | | Ag | 48 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 51 | $^{80}$Cu | $^{81}$Zn | $^{82}$Ga | $^{83}$Ge | $^{84}$As | $^{85}$Se | $^{86}$Br | $^{87}$Kr | $^{88}$Rb | $^{89}$Sr | $^{90}$Y | $^{91}$Zr | $^{92}$Nb | $^{93}$Mo | $^{94}$Tc | $^{95}$Ru | $^{96}$Rh | $^{97}$Pd | | Cd |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 52 | $^{82}$Zn | $^{83}$Ga | $^{84}$Ge | $^{85}$As | $^{86}$Se | $^{87}$Br | $^{88}$Kr | $^{89}$Rb | Sr | $^{91}$Y | $^{92}$Zr | $^{93}$Nb | $^{94}$Mo | $^{95}$Tc | $^{96}$Ru | $^{97}$Rh | $^{98}$Pd | $^{99}$Ag | $^{100}$Cd | 49 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 53 | $^{83}$Zn | $^{84}$Ga | $^{85}$Ge | $^{86}$As | $^{87}$Se | $^{88}$Br | $^{89}$Kr | $^{90}$Rb | $^{91}$Sr | $^{92}$Y | Zr | $^{94}$Nb | $^{95}$Mo | $^{96}$Tc | $^{97}$Ru | $^{98}$Rh | $^{99}$Pd | $^{100}$Ag | $^{101}$Cd | In | 50 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 54 | $^{85}$Ga | $^{86}$Ge | $^{87}$As | $^{88}$Se | $^{89}$Br | $^{90}$Kr | $^{91}$Rb | $^{92}$Sr | $^{93}$Y | $^{94}$Zr | $^{95}$Nb | $^{96}$Mo | $^{97}$Tc | $^{98}$Ru | $^{99}$Rh | $^{100}$Pd | $^{101}$Ag | $^{102}$Cd | | Sn | 51 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 55 | $^{86}$Ga | $^{87}$Ge | $^{88}$As | $^{89}$Se | $^{90}$Br | $^{91}$Kr | $^{92}$Rb | $^{93}$Sr | $^{94}$Y | $^{95}$Zr | $^{96}$Nb | $^{97}$Mo | $^{98}$Tc | $^{99}$Ru | $^{100}$Rh | $^{101}$Pd | $^{102}$Ag | $^{103}$Cd | $^{104}$In | | Sb | 52 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 56 | $^{88}$Ge | $^{89}$As | $^{90}$Se | $^{91}$Br | $^{92}$Kr | $^{93}$Rb | | $^{95}$Y | $^{96}$Zr | $^{97}$Nb | $^{98}$Mo | Tc | $^{100}$Ru | $^{101}$Rh | $^{102}$Pd | $^{103}$Ag | $^{104}$Cd | | | | Te | 53 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 57 | $^{89}$Ge | $^{90}$As | $^{91}$Se | $^{92}$Br | $^{93}$Kr | $^{94}$Rb | | $^{96}$Y | $^{97}$Zr | $^{98}$Nb | $^{99}$Mo | $^{100}$Tc | $^{101}$Ru | $^{102}$Rh | $^{103}$Pd | $^{104}$Ag | $^{105}$Cd | $^{106}$In | $^{107}$Sn | | $^{109}$Te | I | 54 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 58 | $^{91}$As | $^{92}$Se | $^{93}$Br | $^{94}$Kr | $^{95}$Rb | | $^{97}$Y | $^{98}$Zr | $^{99}$Nb | $^{100}$Mo | $^{101}$Tc | $^{102}$Ru | $^{103}$Rh | $^{104}$Pd | $^{105}$Ag | $^{106}$Cd | $^{107}$In | $^{108}$Sn | | | | Xe | 55 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 59 | $^{92}$As | $^{93}$Se | $^{94}$Br | $^{95}$Kr | $^{96}$Rb | | $^{98}$Y | $^{99}$Zr | $^{100}$Nb | $^{101}$Mo | $^{102}$Tc | $^{103}$Ru | $^{104}$Rh | $^{105}$Pd | $^{106}$Ag | $^{107}$Cd | $^{108}$In | $^{109}$Sn | $^{110}$Sb | $^{111}$Te | | $^{113}$Xe | Cs |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 60 | $^{94}$Se | $^{95}$Br | $^{96}$Kr | $^{97}$Rb | | $^{99}$Y | $^{100}$Zr | $^{101}$Nb | $^{102}$Mo | $^{103}$Tc | $^{104}$Ru | $^{105}$Rh | $^{106}$Pd | $^{107}$Ag | $^{108}$Cd | $^{109}$In | $^{110}$Sn | $^{111}$Sb | $^{112}$Te | | | | 56 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 61 | $^{96}$Br | $^{97}$Kr | $^{98}$Rb | | $^{100}$Y | $^{101}$Zr | $^{102}$Nb | $^{103}$Mo | $^{104}$Tc | $^{105}$Ru | $^{106}$Rh | Pd | $^{108}$Ag | $^{109}$Cd | $^{110}$In | $^{111}$Sn | $^{112}$Sb | $^{113}$Te | | $^{115}$Xe | $^{116}$Cs | Ba |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 62 | $^{97}$Br | $^{98}$Kr | $^{99}$Rb | | | $^{102}$Zr | $^{103}$Nb | $^{104}$Mo | $^{105}$Tc | $^{106}$Ru | $^{107}$Rh | $^{108}$Pd | $^{109}$Ag | $^{110}$Cd | $^{111}$In | $^{112}$Sn | $^{113}$Sb | $^{114}$Te | $^{115}$I | $^{116}$Xe | $^{117}$Cs | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 63 | $^{99}$Kr | $^{100}$Rb | | | | $^{104}$Nb | $^{105}$Mo | $^{106}$Tc | $^{107}$Ru | $^{108}$Rh | $^{109}$Pd | $^{110}$Ag | $^{111}$Cd | $^{112}$In | $^{113}$Sn | $^{114}$Sb | $^{115}$Te | $^{116}$I | $^{117}$Xe | $^{118}$Cs | $^{119}$Ba | 57 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 64 | $^{100}$Kr | $^{101}$Rb | | | | | $^{106}$Mo | $^{107}$Tc | $^{108}$Ru | $^{109}$Rh | $^{110}$Pd | $^{111}$Ag | $^{112}$Cd | $^{113}$In | $^{114}$Sn | $^{115}$Sb | $^{116}$Te | $^{117}$I | $^{118}$Xe | $^{119}$Cs | | La |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 65 | $^{101}$Kr | $^{102}$Rb | | | | | | $^{108}$Tc | $^{109}$Ru | $^{110}$Rh | $^{111}$Pd | $^{112}$Ag | Cd | $^{114}$In | $^{115}$Sn | $^{116}$Sb | $^{117}$Te | $^{118}$I | $^{119}$Xe | $^{120}$Cs | $^{121}$Ba | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 66 | $^{110}$Ru | $^{111}$Rh | $^{112}$Pd | $^{113}$Ag | $^{114}$Cd | $^{115}$In | $^{116}$Sn | $^{117}$Sb | $^{118}$Te | $^{119}$I | $^{120}$Xe | $^{121}$Cs | $^{122}$Ba | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 67 | $^{112}$Rh | $^{113}$Pd | $^{114}$Ag | $^{115}$Cd | $^{116}$In | $^{117}$Sn | $^{118}$Sb | $^{119}$Te | $^{120}$I | $^{121}$Xe | $^{122}$Cs | $^{123}$Ba | | 58 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 68 | $^{114}$Pd | $^{115}$Ag | $^{116}$Cd | $^{117}$In | $^{118}$Sn | $^{119}$Sb | $^{120}$Te | $^{121}$I | $^{122}$Xe | $^{123}$Cs | $^{124}$Ba | $^{125}$La | Ce |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 69 | $^{116}$Ag | $^{117}$Cd | $^{118}$In | $^{119}$Sn | $^{120}$Sb | $^{121}$Te | $^{122}$I | $^{123}$Xe | $^{124}$Cs | $^{125}$Ba | $^{126}$La | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 70 | $^{117}$Ag | $^{118}$Cd | $^{119}$In | $^{120}$Sn | $^{121}$Sb | $^{122}$Te | $^{123}$I | $^{124}$Xe | $^{125}$Cs | $^{126}$Ba | $^{127}$La | | 59 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 71 | $^{118}$Ag | $^{119}$Cd | $^{120}$In | Sn | $^{122}$Sb | $^{123}$Te | $^{124}$I | $^{125}$Xe | $^{126}$Cs | $^{127}$Ba | $^{128}$La | $^{129}$Ce | Pr | 60 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 72 | $^{119}$Ag | $^{120}$Cd | $^{121}$In | $^{122}$Sn | $^{123}$Sb | $^{124}$Te | $^{125}$I | $^{126}$Xe | $^{127}$Cs | $^{128}$Ba | $^{129}$La | $^{130}$Ce | | Nd |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 73 | $^{120}$Ag | $^{121}$Cd | $^{122}$In | $^{123}$Sn | $^{124}$Sb | $^{125}$Te | $^{126}$I | $^{127}$Xe | $^{128}$Cs | $^{129}$Ba | $^{130}$La | $^{131}$Ce | $^{132}$Pr | | 61 | 62 | 63 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 74 | $^{121}$Ag | $^{122}$Cd | $^{123}$In | $^{124}$Sn | $^{125}$Sb | $^{126}$Te | $^{127}$I | $^{128}$Xe | $^{129}$Cs | $^{130}$Ba | $^{131}$La | $^{132}$Ce | $^{133}$Pr | $^{134}$Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 75 | $^{122}$Ag | $^{123}$Cd | $^{124}$In | $^{125}$Sn | $^{126}$Sb | $^{127}$Te | $^{128}$I | $^{129}$Xe | $^{130}$Cs | $^{131}$Ba | $^{132}$La | $^{133}$Ce | $^{134}$Pr | $^{135}$Nd | | $^{137}$Sm | | 64 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 76 | $^{123}$Ag | $^{124}$Cd | $^{125}$In | Sn | $^{127}$Sb | $^{128}$Te | I | $^{130}$Xe | $^{131}$Cs | $^{132}$Ba | $^{133}$La | $^{134}$Ce | $^{135}$Pr | $^{136}$Nd | $^{137}$Pm | $^{138}$Sm | $^{139}$Eu | Gd |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 77 | $^{125}$Cd | $^{126}$In | $^{127}$Sn | $^{128}$Sb | $^{129}$Te | $^{130}$I | $^{131}$Xe | $^{132}$Cs | $^{133}$Ba | $^{134}$La | $^{135}$Ce | $^{136}$Pr | $^{137}$Nd | $^{138}$Pm | $^{139}$Sm | $^{140}$Eu | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 78 | $^{127}$In | $^{128}$Sn | $^{129}$Sb | $^{130}$Te | I | $^{132}$Xe | $^{133}$Cs | $^{134}$Ba | $^{135}$La | $^{136}$Ce | $^{137}$Pr | $^{138}$Nd | $^{139}$Pm | $^{140}$Sm | $^{141}$Eu | $^{142}$Gd | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 79 | $^{129}$Sn | $^{130}$Sb | $^{131}$Te | $^{132}$I | $^{133}$Xe | Cs | $^{135}$Ba | $^{136}$La | $^{137}$Ce | $^{138}$Pr | $^{139}$Nd | $^{140}$Pm | $^{141}$Sm | $^{142}$Eu | $^{143}$Gd | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 80 | $^{130}$Sn | $^{131}$Sb | $^{132}$Te | $^{133}$I | $^{134}$Xe | Cs | $^{136}$Ba | $^{137}$La | $^{138}$Ce | $^{139}$Pr | $^{140}$Nd | $^{141}$Pm | $^{142}$Sm | $^{143}$Eu | $^{144}$Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | 70 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 81 | $^{131}$Sn | $^{132}$Sb | $^{133}$Te | $^{134}$I | Xe | $^{136}$Cs | $^{137}$Ba | $^{138}$La | $^{139}$Ce | $^{140}$Pr | $^{141}$Nd | $^{142}$Pm | $^{143}$Sm | $^{144}$Eu | $^{145}$Gd | $^{146}$Tb | $^{147}$Dy | | | | Yb | 71 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 82 | $^{132}$Sn | $^{133}$Sb | $^{134}$Te | $^{135}$I | $^{136}$Xe | Cs | $^{138}$Ba | $^{139}$La | $^{140}$Ce | $^{141}$Pr | $^{142}$Nd | $^{143}$Pm | $^{144}$Sm | $^{145}$Eu | $^{146}$Gd | $^{147}$Tb | $^{148}$Dy | | $^{150}$Er | $^{151}$Tm | | Lu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 83 | $^{133}$Sn | $^{134}$Sb | $^{135}$Te | $^{136}$I | $^{137}$Xe | $^{138}$Cs | $^{139}$Ba | $^{140}$La | $^{141}$Ce | $^{142}$Pr | $^{143}$Nd | $^{144}$Pm | $^{145}$Sm | $^{146}$Eu | $^{147}$Gd | $^{148}$Tb | $^{149}$Dy | $^{150}$Ho | $^{151}$Er | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 84 | $^{134}$Sn | $^{135}$Sb | $^{136}$Te | $^{137}$I | $^{138}$Xe | $^{139}$Cs | $^{140}$Ba | $^{141}$La | $^{142}$Ce | $^{143}$Pr | $^{144}$Nd | $^{145}$Pm | $^{146}$Sm | $^{147}$Eu | $^{148}$Gd | $^{149}$Tb | $^{150}$Dy | $^{151}$Ho | $^{152}$Er | $^{153}$Tm | $^{154}$Yb | $^{155}$Lu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 85 | $^{136}$Sb | $^{137}$Te | $^{138}$I | $^{139}$Xe | $^{140}$Cs | $^{141}$Ba | $^{142}$La | $^{143}$Ce | $^{144}$Pr | $^{145}$Nd | $^{146}$Pm | $^{147}$Sm | $^{148}$Eu | $^{149}$Gd | $^{150}$Tb | $^{151}$Dy | $^{152}$Ho | $^{153}$Er | $^{154}$Tm | $^{155}$Yb | $^{156}$Lu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 86 | $^{138}$Te | $^{139}$I | $^{140}$Xe | $^{141}$Cs | $^{142}$Ba | $^{143}$La | $^{144}$Ce | $^{145}$Pr | $^{146}$Nd | $^{147}$Pm | $^{148}$Sm | $^{149}$Eu | $^{150}$Gd | $^{151}$Tb | $^{152}$Dy | $^{153}$Ho | $^{154}$Er | $^{155}$Tm | $^{156}$Yb | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 87 | $^{140}$I | $^{141}$Xe | $^{142}$Cs | $^{143}$Ba | $^{144}$La | $^{145}$Ce | $^{146}$Pr | $^{147}$Nd | $^{148}$Pm | Sm | $^{150}$Eu | $^{151}$Gd | $^{152}$Tb | $^{153}$Dy | $^{154}$Ho | $^{155}$Er | $^{156}$Tm | $^{157}$Yb | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 88 | $^{142}$Xe | $^{143}$Cs | $^{144}$Ba | $^{145}$La | $^{146}$Ce | $^{147}$Pr | $^{148}$Nd | $^{149}$Pm | $^{150}$Sm | $^{151}$Eu | $^{152}$Gd | $^{153}$Tb | $^{154}$Dy | $^{155}$Ho | $^{156}$Er | $^{157}$Tm | $^{158}$Yb | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 89 | $^{144}$Cs | $^{145}$Ba | $^{146}$La | $^{147}$Ce | $^{148}$Pr | $^{149}$Nd | $^{150}$Pm | Sm | $^{152}$Eu | $^{153}$Gd | $^{154}$Tb | $^{155}$Dy | $^{156}$Ho | $^{157}$Er | $^{158}$Tm | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 90 | $^{146}$Ba | $^{147}$La | $^{148}$Ce | $^{149}$Pr | $^{150}$Nd | $^{151}$Pm | $^{152}$Sm | $^{153}$Eu | $^{154}$Gd | $^{155}$Tb | $^{156}$Dy | $^{157}$Ho | $^{158}$Er | $^{159}$Tm | $^{160}$Yb | $^{161}$Lu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 91 | $^{148}$La | $^{149}$Ce | $^{150}$Pr | $^{151}$Nd | $^{152}$Pm | $^{153}$Sm | $^{154}$Eu | $^{155}$Gd | $^{156}$Tb | $^{157}$Dy | $^{158}$Ho | $^{159}$Er | $^{160}$Tm | $^{161}$Yb | $^{162}$Lu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 92 | $^{150}$Ce | $^{151}$Pr | $^{152}$Nd | $^{153}$Pm | $^{154}$Sm | Eu | $^{156}$Gd | $^{157}$Tb | $^{158}$Dy | $^{159}$Ho | $^{160}$Er | $^{161}$Tm | $^{162}$Yb | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 93 | | | $^{154}$Pm | $^{155}$Sm | $^{156}$Eu | $^{157}$Gd | $^{158}$Tb | $^{159}$Dy | $^{160}$Ho | $^{161}$Er | $^{162}$Tm | $^{163}$Yb | $^{164}$Lu |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 94 | $^{154}$Nd | | $^{156}$Sm | $^{157}$Eu | $^{158}$Gd | $^{159}$Tb | $^{160}$Dy | $^{161}$Ho | $^{162}$Er | $^{163}$Tm | $^{164}$Yb | $^{165}$Lu | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 95 | | $^{157}$Sm | $^{158}$Eu | $^{159}$Gd | $^{160}$Tb | $^{161}$Dy | $^{162}$Ho | $^{163}$Er | $^{164}$Tm | $^{165}$Yb | $^{166}$Lu | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 96 | | $^{159}$Eu | $^{160}$Gd | $^{161}$Tb | $^{162}$Dy | $^{163}$Ho | $^{164}$Er | $^{165}$Tm | $^{166}$Yb | $^{167}$Lu | $^{168}$Hf | $^{169}$Ta | $^{170}$W | | $^{172}$Os | $^{171}$Ir | $^{174}$Pt | $^{175}$Au | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 97 | | $^{160}$Eu | $^{161}$Gd | $^{162}$Tb | $^{163}$Dy | $^{164}$Ho | $^{165}$Er | $^{166}$Tm | $^{167}$Yb | $^{168}$Lu | $^{169}$Hf | $^{170}$Ta | $^{171}$W | $^{172}$Re | $^{173}$Os | $^{174}$Ir | $^{175}$Pt | $^{176}$Au | $^{177}$Hg |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 98 | | $^{162}$Gd | $^{163}$Tb | $^{164}$Dy | $^{165}$Ho | $^{166}$Er | $^{167}$Tm | $^{168}$Yb | $^{169}$Lu | $^{170}$Hf | $^{171}$Ta | $^{172}$W | | $^{174}$Os | $^{175}$Ir | $^{176}$Pt | $^{177}$Au | $^{178}$Hg |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 99 | | $^{164}$Tb | $^{165}$Dy | $^{166}$Ho | $^{167}$Er | $^{168}$Tm | $^{169}$Yb | $^{170}$Lu | $^{171}$Hf | $^{172}$Ta | $^{173}$W | $^{174}$Re | $^{175}$Os | $^{176}$Ir | $^{177}$Pt | $^{178}$Au | $^{179}$Hg | 81 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100 | | $^{166}$Dy | $^{167}$Ho | $^{168}$Er | $^{169}$Tm | $^{170}$Yb | $^{171}$Lu | $^{172}$Hf | $^{173}$Ta | $^{174}$W | $^{175}$Re | $^{176}$Os | $^{177}$Ir | $^{178}$Pt | $^{179}$Au | $^{180}$Hg | Tl | 82 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 101 | | $^{167}$Dy | $^{168}$Ho | $^{169}$Er | $^{170}$Tm | $^{171}$Yb | $^{172}$Lu | $^{173}$Hf | $^{174}$Ta | $^{175}$W | $^{176}$Re | $^{177}$Os | $^{178}$Ir | $^{179}$Pt | | $^{181}$Hg | | Pb |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 102 | | $^{169}$Ho | $^{170}$Er | $^{171}$Tm | $^{172}$Yb | $^{173}$Lu | $^{174}$Hf | $^{175}$Ta | $^{176}$W | $^{177}$Re | $^{178}$Os | $^{179}$Ir | $^{180}$Pt | $^{181}$Au | $^{182}$Hg | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 103 | | $^{170}$Ho | $^{171}$Er | $^{172}$Tm | $^{173}$Yb | $^{174}$Lu | $^{175}$Hf | $^{176}$Ta | $^{177}$W | $^{178}$Re | $^{179}$Os | $^{180}$Ir | $^{181}$Pt | $^{182}$Au | $^{183}$Hg | $^{184}$Tl | $^{185}$Pb | 83 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 104 | | $^{172}$Er | $^{173}$Tm | $^{174}$Yb | $^{175}$Lu | $^{176}$Hf | $^{177}$Ta | $^{178}$W | $^{179}$Re | $^{180}$Os | $^{181}$Ir | $^{182}$Pt | $^{183}$Au | $^{184}$Hg | $^{185}$Tl | $^{186}$Pb | Bi |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 105 | | $^{173}$Er | $^{174}$Tm | $^{175}$Yb | $^{176}$Lu | $^{177}$Hf | $^{178}$Ta | $^{179}$W | $^{180}$Re | $^{181}$Os | $^{182}$Ir | $^{183}$Pt | $^{184}$Au | $^{185}$Hg | $^{186}$Tl | $^{187}$Pb | | 84 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 106 | | $^{175}$Tm | $^{176}$Yb | $^{177}$Lu | $^{178}$Hf | $^{179}$Ta | $^{180}$W | $^{181}$Re | $^{182}$Os | $^{183}$Ir | $^{184}$Pt | $^{185}$Au | $^{186}$Hg | $^{187}$Tl | $^{188}$Pb | $^{189}$Bi | Po | 85 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 107 | | $^{176}$Tm | $^{177}$Yb | $^{178}$Lu | $^{179}$Hf | $^{180}$Ta | $^{181}$W | $^{182}$Re | $^{183}$Os | $^{184}$Ir | $^{185}$Pt | $^{186}$Au | $^{187}$Hg | $^{188}$Tl | $^{189}$Pb | $^{190}$Bi | | At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 108 | | $^{178}$Yb | $^{179}$Lu | $^{180}$Hf | $^{181}$Ta | $^{182}$W | $^{183}$Re | $^{184}$Os | $^{185}$Ir | $^{186}$Pt | $^{187}$Au | $^{188}$Hg | $^{189}$Tl | $^{190}$Pb | $^{191}$Bi | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 109 | | $^{180}$Lu | $^{181}$Hf | $^{182}$Ta | $^{183}$W | $^{184}$Re | $^{185}$Os | $^{186}$Ir | $^{187}$Pt | $^{188}$Au | $^{189}$Hg | $^{190}$Tl | $^{191}$Pb | $^{192}$Bi | $^{193}$Po | $^{194}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 110 | | $^{182}$Hf | $^{183}$Ta | $^{184}$W | $^{185}$Re | $^{186}$Os | $^{187}$Ir | $^{188}$Pt | $^{189}$Au | $^{190}$Hg | $^{191}$Tl | $^{192}$Pb | $^{193}$Bi | $^{194}$Po | $^{195}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 111 | | $^{183}$Hf | $^{184}$Ta | $^{185}$W | $^{186}$Re | $^{187}$Os | $^{188}$Ir | $^{189}$Pt | $^{190}$Au | $^{191}$Hg | $^{192}$Tl | $^{193}$Pb | $^{194}$Bi | $^{195}$Po | $^{196}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 112 | | $^{184}$Hf | $^{185}$Ta | $^{186}$W | $^{187}$Re | $^{188}$Os | $^{189}$Ir | $^{190}$Pt | $^{191}$Au | $^{192}$Hg | $^{193}$Tl | $^{194}$Pb | $^{195}$Bi | $^{196}$Po | $^{197}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 113 | | $^{185}$Hf | $^{186}$Ta | $^{187}$W | $^{188}$Re | $^{189}$Os | $^{190}$Ir | $^{191}$Pt | $^{192}$Au | $^{193}$Hg | $^{194}$Tl | $^{195}$Pb | $^{196}$Bi | $^{197}$Po | $^{198}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 114 | | | $^{188}$W | $^{189}$Re | $^{190}$Os | $^{191}$Ir | $^{192}$Pt | $^{193}$Au | $^{194}$Hg | $^{195}$Tl | $^{196}$Pb | $^{197}$Bi | $^{198}$Po | $^{199}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 115 | | $^{189}$W | $^{190}$Re | $^{191}$Os | $^{192}$Ir | $^{193}$Pt | $^{194}$Au | $^{195}$Hg | $^{196}$Tl | $^{197}$Pb | $^{198}$Bi | $^{199}$Po | $^{200}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 116 | | $^{190}$W | $^{191}$Re | $^{192}$Os | $^{193}$Ir | $^{194}$Pt | $^{195}$Au | $^{196}$Hg | $^{197}$Tl | $^{198}$Pb | $^{199}$Bi | $^{200}$Po | $^{201}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 117 | | $^{192}$Re | $^{193}$Os | $^{194}$Ir | $^{195}$Pt | $^{196}$Au | $^{197}$Hg | $^{198}$Tl | $^{199}$Pb | $^{200}$Bi | $^{201}$Po | $^{202}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 118 | | $^{194}$Os | $^{195}$Ir | $^{196}$Pt | $^{197}$Au | $^{198}$Hg | $^{199}$Tl | $^{200}$Pb | $^{201}$Bi | $^{202}$Po | $^{203}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 119 | | $^{195}$Os | $^{196}$Ir | $^{197}$Pt | $^{198}$Au | $^{199}$Hg | $^{200}$Tl | $^{201}$Pb | $^{202}$Bi | $^{203}$Po | $^{204}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 120 | | $^{196}$Os | $^{197}$Ir | $^{198}$Pt | $^{199}$Au | $^{200}$Hg | $^{201}$Tl | $^{202}$Pb | $^{203}$Bi | $^{204}$Po | $^{205}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 121 | | $^{198}$Ir | $^{199}$Pt | $^{200}$Au | $^{201}$Hg | $^{202}$Tl | $^{203}$Pb | $^{204}$Bi | $^{205}$Po | $^{206}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 122 | | $^{200}$Pt | $^{201}$Au | $^{202}$Hg | $^{203}$Tl | $^{204}$Pb | $^{205}$Bi | $^{206}$Po | $^{207}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 123 | | $^{201}$Pt | $^{202}$Au | $^{203}$Hg | $^{204}$Tl | $^{205}$Pb | $^{206}$Bi | $^{207}$Po | $^{208}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 124 | | $^{203}$Au | $^{204}$Hg | $^{205}$Tl | $^{206}$Pb | $^{207}$Bi | $^{208}$Po | $^{209}$At |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 125 | | $^{204}$Au | $^{205}$Hg | $^{206}$Tl | $^{207}$Pb | $^{208}$Bi | $^{209}$Po | $^{210}$At | 86 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 126 | | $^{206}$Hg | $^{207}$Tl | $^{208}$Pb | Bi | $^{210}$Po | $^{211}$At | Rn | 87 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 127 | | $^{208}$Tl | $^{209}$Pb | $^{210}$Bi | $^{211}$Po | $^{212}$At | $^{213}$Rn | Fr | 88 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 128 | | $^{209}$Tl | $^{210}$Pb | $^{211}$Bi | $^{212}$Po | $^{213}$At | $^{214}$Rn | $^{215}$Fr | Ra | 89 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 129 | | $^{210}$Tl | $^{211}$Pb | $^{212}$Bi | $^{213}$Po | $^{214}$At | $^{215}$Rn | $^{216}$Fr | $^{217}$Ra | Ac | 90 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 130 | | $^{212}$Pb | $^{213}$Bi | $^{214}$Po | $^{215}$At | $^{216}$Rn | $^{217}$Fr | $^{218}$Ra | $^{219}$Ac | Th | 91 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 131 | | $^{213}$Pb | $^{214}$Bi | $^{215}$Po | $^{216}$At | $^{217}$Rn | $^{218}$Fr | $^{219}$Ra | $^{220}$Ac | $^{221}$Th | Pa | 92 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 132 | | $^{214}$Pb | $^{215}$Bi | $^{216}$Po | $^{217}$At | $^{218}$Rn | $^{219}$Fr | $^{220}$Ra | $^{221}$Ac | $^{222}$Th | $^{223}$Pa | U | 93 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 133 | | | $^{217}$Po | $^{218}$At | $^{219}$Rn | $^{220}$Fr | $^{221}$Ra | $^{222}$Ac | $^{223}$Th | $^{224}$Pa | | Np | 94 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 134 | | $^{218}$Po | $^{219}$At | $^{220}$Rn | $^{221}$Fr | $^{222}$Ra | $^{223}$Ac | $^{224}$Th | $^{225}$Pa | $^{226}$U | | Pu | 95 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 135 | | $^{220}$At | $^{221}$Rn | $^{222}$Fr | $^{223}$Ra | $^{224}$Ac | $^{225}$Th | $^{226}$Pa | $^{227}$U | $^{228}$Np | | Am |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 136 | | $^{221}$At | $^{222}$Rn | $^{223}$Fr | $^{224}$Ra | $^{225}$Ac | $^{226}$Th | $^{227}$Pa | $^{228}$U | $^{229}$Np | | | 96 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 137 | | $^{223}$Rn | $^{224}$Fr | $^{225}$Ra | $^{226}$Ac | $^{227}$Th | $^{228}$Pa | $^{229}$U | $^{230}$Np | | $^{232}$Am | Cm | 97 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 138 | | $^{224}$Rn | $^{225}$Fr | $^{226}$Ra | $^{227}$Ac | $^{228}$Th | $^{229}$Pa | $^{230}$U | $^{231}$Np | $^{232}$Pu | $^{233}$Am | | Bk |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 139 | | $^{225}$Rn | $^{226}$Fr | $^{227}$Ra | $^{228}$Ac | $^{229}$Th | $^{230}$Pa | $^{231}$U | $^{232}$Np | $^{233}$Pu | $^{234}$Am | | $^{236}$Bk | 98 | 99 | 100 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 140 | | $^{226}$Rn | $^{227}$Fr | $^{228}$Ra | $^{229}$Ac | Th | $^{231}$Pa | U | $^{233}$Np | $^{234}$Pu | $^{235}$Am | $^{236}$Cm | | Cf | Es | Fm |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 141 | | $^{228}$Fr | $^{229}$Ra | $^{230}$Ac | $^{231}$Th | $^{232}$Pa | U | $^{234}$Np | $^{235}$Pu | $^{236}$Am | $^{237}$Cm | | | $^{240}$Es | $^{241}$Fm |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 142 | | $^{229}$Fr | $^{230}$Ra | $^{231}$Ac | Th | $^{233}$Pa | U | $^{235}$Np | $^{236}$Pu | $^{237}$Am | $^{238}$Cm | $^{239}$Bk | $^{240}$Cf | $^{241}$Es | $^{242}$Fm |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 143 | | | $^{232}$Ac | $^{233}$Th | $^{234}$Pa | U | $^{236}$Np | $^{237}$Pu | $^{238}$Am | $^{239}$Cm | $^{240}$Bk | $^{241}$Cf | $^{242}$Es | $^{243}$Fm |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 144 | | | $^{234}$Th | $^{235}$Pa | U | Np | Pu | $^{239}$Am | $^{240}$Cm | $^{241}$Bk | $^{242}$Cf | $^{243}$Es | $^{244}$Fm | 101 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 145 | | $^{235}$Th | $^{236}$Pa | $^{237}$U | $^{238}$Np | Pu | $^{240}$Am | $^{241}$Cm | $^{242}$Bk | $^{243}$Cf | $^{244}$Es | $^{245}$Fm | Md | 102 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 146 | | $^{236}$Th | $^{237}$Pa | U | $^{239}$Np | Pu | Am | $^{242}$Cm | $^{243}$Bk | $^{244}$Cf | $^{245}$Es | $^{246}$Fm | | No | 103 | 104 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 147 | | $^{237}$Th | $^{238}$Pa | U | $^{240}$Np | Pu | $^{242}$Am | $^{243}$Cm | $^{244}$Bk | $^{245}$Cf | $^{246}$Es | $^{247}$Fm | $^{248}$Md | | Lr | Rf | 105 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 148 | | $^{238}$Th | $^{239}$Pa | U | $^{241}$Np | Pu | $^{243}$Am | $^{244}$Cm | $^{245}$Bk | $^{246}$Cf | $^{247}$Es | $^{248}$Fm | $^{249}$Md | $^{250}$No | | | Db |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 149 | | $^{240}$Pa | $^{241}$U | $^{242}$Np | $^{243}$Pu | $^{244}$Am | $^{245}$Cm | $^{246}$Bk | $^{247}$Cf | $^{248}$Es | $^{249}$Fm | $^{250}$Md | $^{251}$No | $^{252}$Lr | $^{253}$Rf | | 106 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 150 | | $^{242}$U | $^{243}$Np | Pu | $^{245}$Am | $^{246}$Cm | $^{247}$Bk | $^{248}$Cf | $^{249}$Es | $^{250}$Fm | $^{251}$Md | $^{252}$No | $^{253}$Lr | $^{254}$Rf | $^{255}$Db | Sg | 107 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 151 | | $^{244}$Np | $^{245}$Pu | $^{246}$Am | $^{247}$Cm | $^{248}$Bk | $^{249}$Cf | $^{250}$Es | $^{251}$Fm | $^{252}$Md | $^{253}$No | $^{254}$Lr | $^{255}$Rf | $^{256}$Db | | Bh |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 152 | | $^{246}$Pu | $^{247}$Am | $^{248}$Cm | $^{249}$Bk | $^{250}$Cf | $^{251}$Es | $^{252}$Fm | $^{253}$Md | $^{254}$No | $^{255}$Lr | $^{256}$Rf | $^{257}$Db | $^{258}$Sg | | 108 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 153 | | $^{247}$Pu | $^{248}$Am | $^{249}$Cm | $^{250}$Bk | $^{251}$Cf | $^{252}$Es | $^{253}$Fm | $^{254}$Md | $^{255}$No | $^{256}$Lr | $^{257}$Rf | $^{258}$Db | $^{259}$Sg | $^{260}$Bh | Hs | 109 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 154 | | $^{249}$Am | $^{250}$Cm | $^{251}$Bk | $^{252}$Cf | $^{253}$Es | $^{254}$Fm | $^{255}$Md | $^{256}$No | $^{257}$Lr | $^{258}$Rf | $^{259}$Db | $^{260}$Sg | $^{261}$Bh | | Mt | 110 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 155 | | $^{251}$Cm | $^{252}$Bk | $^{253}$Cf | $^{254}$Es | $^{255}$Fm | $^{256}$Md | $^{257}$No | $^{258}$Lr | $^{259}$Rf | $^{260}$Db | $^{261}$Sg | $^{262}$Bh | $^{263}$Hs | | Ds |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 156 | | $^{252}$Cm | $^{253}$Bk | $^{254}$Cf | $^{255}$Es | $^{256}$Fm | $^{257}$Md | $^{258}$No | $^{259}$Lr | $^{260}$Rf | $^{261}$Db | $^{262}$Sg | | $^{264}$Hs | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 157 | | $^{254}$Bk | $^{255}$Cf | $^{256}$Es | $^{257}$Fm | $^{258}$Md | $^{259}$No | $^{260}$Lr | $^{261}$Rf | $^{262}$Db | $^{263}$Sg | $^{264}$Bh | $^{265}$Hs | $^{266}$Mt | $^{267}$Ds |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 158 | | $^{256}$Cf | $^{257}$Es | $^{258}$Fm | $^{259}$Md | $^{260}$No | $^{261}$Lr | $^{262}$Rf | $^{263}$Db | $^{264}$Sg | $^{265}$Bh | $^{266}$Hs | | | 111 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 159 | | $^{258}$Es | $^{259}$Fm | $^{260}$Md | | $^{262}$Lr | $^{263}$Rf | | $^{265}$Sg | $^{266}$Bh | $^{267}$Hs | $^{268}$Mt | $^{269}$Ds | Rg |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 160 | | $^{260}$Fm | | $^{262}$No | | | | $^{266}$Sg | $^{267}$Bh | $^{268}$Hs | | $^{270}$Ds | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 161 | | | | | $^{265}$Rf | $^{266}$Db | $^{267}$Sg | | $^{269}$Hs | $^{270}$Mt | $^{271}$Ds | $^{272}$Rg |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 162 | | | | $^{266}$Rf | $^{267}$Db | | | $^{270}$Hs | | | | 112 | 113 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 163 | | $^{266}$Lr | $^{267}$Rf | $^{268}$Db | $^{269}$Sg | $^{270}$Bh | $^{271}$Hs | | $^{273}$Ds | $^{274}$Rg | Cn | نيهونيوم |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 164 | | $^{268}$Rf | | | $^{271}$Bh | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 165 | | | $^{270}$Db | $^{271}$Sg | $^{272}$Bh | $^{273}$Hs | $^{274}$Mt | | | $^{277}$Cn | $^{278}$Nh |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 166 | | Rf | | | | | $^{275}$Mt | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 167 | | | $^{274}$Bh | $^{275}$Hs | $^{276}$Mt | $^{277}$Ds | $^{278}$Rg | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 168 | | | | $^{277}$Mt | | $^{279}$Rg | | | 114 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 169 | | $^{277}$Hs | $^{278}$Mt | $^{279}$Ds | $^{280}$Rg | $^{281}$Cn | $^{282}$Nh | Fl | 115 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 170 | | | $^{280}$Ds | $^{281}$Rg | $^{282}$Cn | $^{283}$Nh | $^{284}$Fl | موسكوفيوم | 116 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 171 | | $^{281}$Ds | $^{282}$Rg | $^{283}$Cn | $^{284}$Nh | $^{285}$Fl | | Lv | 117 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 172 | | | $^{284}$Cn | $^{285}$Nh | $^{286}$Fl | $^{287}$Mc | | تينيسين | 118 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 173 | | $^{285}$Cn | $^{286}$Nh | $^{287}$Fl | $^{288}$Mc | | | أوغانيسون |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 174 | | | $^{288}$Fl | $^{289}$Mc | $^{290}$Lv | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 175 | | $^{289}$Fl | $^{290}$Mc | $^{291}$Lv | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 176 | | | $^{292}$Lv | $^{293}$Ts | $^{294}$Og |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 177 | | $^{293}$Lv | $^{294}$Ts | |

## مراجع

* ↑ The data for these tables came from مختبر بروكهافن الوطني which has an interactive Table of Nuclides with data on ~3000 nuclides. نسخة محفوظة 13 نوفمبر 2012 على موقع واي باك مشين.
* ↑ Table of Nuclides with data on ~3000 nuclides. نسخة محفوظة 13 نوفمبر 2012 على موقع واي باك مشين.
* ↑ وجاءت بيانات هذا الجدول من مختبر بروكهافن الوطني حيث يحتوي هذا الجدول على بيانات 3000 تقربيا من النويدات. نسخة محفوظة 13 نوفمبر 2012 على موقع واي باك مشين.

## وصلات خارجية

* Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart
* Universal Nuclide Chart
* Interactive Chart of Nuclides (Brookhaven National Laboratory)