# برامية (بطنقدميات)

بَرَّامَة أو برامية أو مُبرجة (الاسم العلمي: Turritella)، جنس من حلزون البحر متوسطة الحجم ذات سدلة (غطاء سدلي)، تتبع الرخويات بطنيات القدم البحرية في فصيلة البراميات.
تمتلك قواقع موصودة بإحكام، وشكلها العام مخروطي ممدود.
يأتي اسم تورِتيلا من الكلمة اللاتينية تورِتوس (turritus) التي تعني «مُبَرَّج» أو «برج» واللاحقة -ella لتصغير.

## الأنواع
### صالح

الأنواع الصالحة ضمن جنس البرامية مذكورة أدنا. تُمييز الأحافير بعلامة الخنجر "†".
* Turritella acropora (Dall, 1889)
* Turritella albolapis Finlay, 1924
* Turritella algida Melvill & Standen, 1912
* Turritella anactor Berry, 1957
* Turritella annulata Kiener, 1843
* † Turritella apicalis - Pleistocene of Florida
* Turritella attenuata Reeve, 1849
* Turritella aurocincta Martens, 1875
* Turritella bacillum Kiener, 1843
* † Turritella badensis - Cenozoic of Denmark, Germany and Poland
* Turritella banksii Gray in Reeve, 1849
* Turritella bayeri Petuch, 2001
* Turritella bicingulata Lamarck, 1822
* Turritella broderipiana d'Orbigny, 1840
* Turritella caelata Mörch in Dunker, 1858
* Turritella capensis (Krauss, 1848)
* Turritella carinifera Lamarck, 1822
* Turritella chordata Suter, 1908
* Turritella chrysotoxa Tomlin, 1825
* Turritella cingulata Sowerby, 1825
* Turritella cingulifera G.B. Sowerby I, 1825
* Turritella clarionensis Hertlein & Strong, 1951
* Turritella cochlea Reeve, 1849
* Turritella columnaris Kiener, 1843
* Turritella communis Risso, 1826
* Turritella concava Martens, 1880
* Turritella conofasciata (Sacco 1895)
* Turritella conspersa Adams & Reeve, 1850
* Turritella cooperi Carpenter, 1864
* Turritella cornea Lamarck, 1822
* Turritella couteaudi Rochebrune & Mabille, 1889
* † Turritella crenulata Nyst, 1844
* Turritella crocea Kiener, 1843
* † Turritella cruzadoi DeVries, 2007
* Turritella decipiens Monterosato, 1878
* Turritella declivis Adams & Reeve, 1850
* Turritella dirkhartogensis (Garrard, 1972)
* Turritella duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Turritella dura Mörch, 1860
* Turritella elachista Rochebrune & Mabille, 1889
* Turritella exoleta (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Turritella fastigiata Adams & Reeve, 1850
* Turritella ferruginea Reeve, 1849
* Turritella fultoni Melvill & Standen, 1901
* Turritella fuscomaculata Bozzetti, 2009
* Turritella gemmata Reeve, 1849
* Turritella gonostoma Valenciennes, 1832
* Turritella hastula Reeve, 1849
* Turritella hookeri Reeve, 1849
* Turritella incisa Reeve, 1849
* † Turritella incrassata - Pliocene of Belgium
* Turritella knysnaensis Krauss, 1848
* Turritella leeuwinensis (Garrard, 1972)
* Turritella lentiginosa Reeve, 1849
* Turritella leucostoma Valenciennes, 1832
* Turritella ligar Deshayes, 1843
* Turritella lindae (Petuch, 1987)
* Turritella lyonsi Garcia, 2006
* Turritella maculata Reeve, 1849
* Turritella marianopsis Petuch, 1990
* Turritella minuta Turton, 1932
* Turritella monilifera Adams & Reeve, 1850
* Turritella monterosatoi Kobelt, 1887
* Turritella nebulosa Kiener, 1843
* Turritella nodulosa King & Broderip, 1832
* Turritella praetermissa (Dautzenberg, 1912)
* Turritella punctata Kiener, 1843
* Turritella radula Kiener, 1843
* Turritella reevei Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906
* † Turritella riverae DeVries, 2007
* Turritella rubescens Reeve, 1849
* † Turritella salasi DeVries, 2007
* Turritella sanguinea Reeve, 1849
* Turritella sedanensis (Martin 1905)
* † Turritella steiningeri Harzhauser, 2007
* Turritella terebra (Linnaeus, 1758)
* † Turritella terebralis Lamarck, 1799
* Turritella torulosa Kiener, 1843
* † Turritella trempina - Pliocene
* Turritella triplicata Philippi, 1836
* Turritella turbona Monterosato, 1877
* † Turritella turris - Early Miocene of Central Europe
* Turritella ungulina (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Turritella variegata (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Turritella vermicularis (Brocchi, 1814)
* † برامية Morton, 1834 - Late Cretaceous of South of North America
* Turritella wareni Ryall & Vos, 2010
* Turritella willetti McLean, 1970
* Turritella yucatecana (Dall, 1881)

### غير صالح

هذ الأنواع المخصصة للبرامية نُقلت إلى مرادفات مع أصنوفات أخرى::
* Turritella (Torcula) Gray, 1847: synonym of Turritella Lamarck, 1799
* Turritella (Torcula) cochlea Reeve, 1849: synonym of Turritella cochlea Reeve, 1849
* Turritella acicula Stimpson, 1851: synonym of Turritellopsis stimpsoni (Dall, 1919)
* Turritella alternata Say, 1822: synonym of Bittiolum alternatum (Say, 1822)
* † Turritella andenensis Otuka, 1934: synonym of Neohaustator andenensis (Otuka, 1934)
* Turritella aquila Reeve, 1849: synonym of Turritella conspersa Adams & Reeve, 1850
* Turritella areolata Stimpson, 1851: synonym of Tachyrhynchus reticulatus (Mighels & Adams, 1842)
* Turritella auricincta Martens, 1875: synonym of Turritella aurocincta Martens, 1875
* Turritella bicolor Adams & Reeve, 1850: synonym of Turritella cingulifera G.B. Sowerby I, 1825
* Turritella brevialis Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Mesalia brevialis (Lamarck, 1822)
* Turritella canaliculata Adams & Reeve, 1850: synonym of Turritella cingulifera G.B. Sowerby I, 1825
* Turritella candida Reeve, 1849: synonym of Turritella gemmata Reeve, 1849
* Turritella cingulata Sowerby, 1825 is a synonym of Incatella cingulata (Sowerby, 1825)
* Turritella concava Say, 1826: synonym of Terebra concava (Say, 1826)
* Turritella congelata Adams & Reeve, 1850: synonym of Colpospira congelata (Adams & Reeve, 1850)
* Turritella costulata Mighels & Adams, 1842: synonym of Acirsa borealis (Lyell, 1841)
* Turritella costulata Møller, 1842: synonym of Eumetula arctica (Mørch, 1857)
* Turritella crenulata (Donald, 1900): synonym of Colpospira joannae (Hedley, 1923)
* Turritella erosa Couthouy, 1838: synonym of Tachyrhynchus erosus (Couthouy, 1838)
* Turritella eschrichti Hölböll in Möller, 1842: synonym of Acirsa borealis (Lyell, 1841)
* Turritella excavata G. B. Sowerby III, 1870: synonym of Turritella declivis Adams & Reeve in Reeve, 1849
* Turritella flammulata Kiener, 1843-44: synonym ofTurritella ligar Deshayes, 1843
* Turritella fortilirata G. B. Sowerby III, 1914: synonym of Neohaustator fortilirata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1914)
* Turritella gracillima Gould, 1860: synonym of Turritella cingulifera G. B. Sowerby I, 1825
* Turritella granosa Quoy & Gaimard, 1834: synonym of Opalia granosa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)
* Turritella imbricata (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Turritella variegata (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Turritella knysnaensis Krauss, 1848: synonym of Turritella capensis (Krauss, 1848)
* Turritella lactea Möller, 1842: synonym of Mesalia lactea (Möller, 1842)
* † Turritella maiquetiana Weisbord, 1962: synonym of Turritella paraguanensis Hodson, 1926
* Turritella mediolevis Verco, 1910: synonym of Colpospira mediolevis (Verco, 1910)
* Turritella meta Reeve, 1849: synonym of Turritella gemmata
* Turritella monterosatoi Kobelt, 1887: synonym of Turritella turbona Monterosato, 1877
* Turritella nzimaorum Ryall & Vos, 2010: synonym of Turritella caelata Mörch in Dunker, 1858
* Turritella opalina Adams & Reeve, 1850: synonym of Mesalia opalina (Adams & Reeve, 1850)
* Turritella opulenta Hedley, 1907: synonym of Glyptozaria opulenta (Hedley, 1907)
* Turritella paraguanensis Hodson, 1926: synonym of Turritella variegata (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Turritella philippi Aradas, 1842: synonym of Acirsa subdecussata (Cantraine, 1835)
* Turritella polaris Möller, 1842: synonym of Tachyrhynchus erosus (Couthouy, 1838)
* Turritella spina Crosse & Fischer, 1864: synonym of Cingulina spina (Crosse & Fischer, 1864)
* Turritella reticulata Mighels & Adams, 1842: synonym of Tachyrhynchus reticulatus (Mighels & Adams, 1842)
* Turritella spirata Sowerby I, 1825: synonym of Eglisia spirata (Sowerby I, 1825)
* Turritella symmetrica Hutton, 1873: synonym of Stiracolpus symmetricus (Hutton, 1873)
* Turritella trisulcata Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Turritella vermicularis
* Turritella yucatecanum Dall, 1881: synonym of Turritella yucatecana (Dall, 1881)