OpenFinArena/FinDeepIndicator huggingface dataset:
Question: In 2021, within Chubb Limited, Coinbase, First Solar, HP Inc., by how much does the company with the lowest Operating Cash Flow Margin differ from the second-ranked company? (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,Revenue
Chubb Limited,2021,11149000000.0,40963000000.0
Coinbase,2021,10730031000.0,7839444000.0
First Solar,2021,237559000.0,2923377000.0
HP Inc.,2021,6409000000.0,63487000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Margin
Chubb Limited,2021,27.217244830700878
Coinbase,2021,136.87234706951156
First Solar,2021,8.126184204089997
HP Inc.,2021,10.094980074660954

Answer: 1.9688
Question: For Operating Cash Flow Margin in 2020, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Quest Diagnostics, Steel Dynamics, Packaging Corporation of America? (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,Revenue
Quest Diagnostics,2020,2005000000.0,9437000000.0
Steel Dynamics,2020,987032000.0,9587691000.0
Packaging Corporation of America,2020,1032800000.0,6658200000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Margin
Packaging Corporation of America,2020,15.511699858820702
Quest Diagnostics,2020,21.246158736886724
Steel Dynamics,2020,10.294783175636345

Answer: 5.7345
Question: Among Fox Corporation (Class B), Lowe's, Regency Centers, Incyte, Veralto, calculate the margin between the highest-Operating Cash Flow Margin company and the second-place company in 2025. (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,Revenue
Fox Corporation (Class B),2025,3324000000.0,16300000000.0
Lowe's,2025,9864000000.0,86286000000.0
Regency Centers,2025,827692000.0,1553524000.0
Incyte,2025,1413498000.0,5141242000.0
Veralto,2025,1077000000.0,5503000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Margin
Fox Corporation (Class B),2025,20.392638036809814
Incyte,2025,27.493317762517304
Lowe's,2025,11.431750225992628
Regency Centers,2025,53.27835295753397
Veralto,2025,19.571143012902052

Answer: 25.785
Question: Among NiSource, Xylem Inc., KeyCorp, how much lower is the Capex Intensity for the top company compared to the second place in 2016? (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Capex / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,CapitalExpenses,Revenue
NiSource,2016,1475200000.0,4492500000.0
Xylem Inc.,2016,124000000.0,3771000000.0
KeyCorp,2016,145000000.0,464000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Capex Intensity
KeyCorp,2016,31.25
NiSource,2016,32.836950473010575
Xylem Inc.,2016,3.288252452930257

Answer: 27.9617
Question: Among Diamondback Energy, West Pharmaceutical Services, Mondelez International, what is the gap in Capex Intensity between the highest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2018? (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Capex / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,CapitalExpenses,Revenue
Diamondback Energy,2018,6840000.0,2176256000.0
West Pharmaceutical Services,2018,104700000.0,1717400000.0
Mondelez International,2018,1095000000.0,25938000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Capex Intensity
Diamondback Energy,2018,0.31430125867544995
Mondelez International,2018,4.2216053666435345
West Pharmaceutical Services,2018,6.0964248282287175

Answer: 1.8748
Question: In 2022, within Fidelity National Information Services, Amgen, Sherwin-Williams, Steel Dynamics, by how much does the company with the lowest Capex Intensity differ from the second-ranked company? (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Capex / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,CapitalExpenses,Revenue
Fidelity National Information Services,2022,268000000.0,14528000000.0
Amgen,2022,936000000.0,26323000000.0
Sherwin-Williams,2022,644500000.0,22148900000.0
Steel Dynamics,2022,908902000.0,21469251000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Capex Intensity
Amgen,2022,3.5558257037571703
Fidelity National Information Services,2022,1.8447136563876654
Sherwin-Williams,2022,2.909851053551192
Steel Dynamics,2022,4.233505863804936

Answer: 1.0651
Question: For Capex Intensity in 2020, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Target Corporation, Align Technology, IBM, Alphabet Inc. (Class C), Howmet Aerospace? (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Capex / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,CapitalExpenses,Revenue
Target Corporation,2020,2649000000.0,93561000000.0
Align Technology,2020,154916000.0,2471941000.0
IBM,2020,2618000000.0,73620000000.0
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2020,22281000000.0,182527000000.0
Howmet Aerospace,2020,267000000.0,5259000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Capex Intensity
Align Technology,2020,6.266978054896942
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2020,12.206961161910293
Howmet Aerospace,2020,5.077010838562464
IBM,2020,3.5560988861722356
Target Corporation,2020,2.8313079167601884

Answer: 0.7248
Question: Among CenterPoint Energy, A. O. Smith, Oneok, ON Semiconductor, calculate the margin between the lowest-Capex Intensity company and the second-place company in 2021. (Unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Capex / Revenue * 100%
Data:
corporate,year,CapitalExpenses,Revenue
CenterPoint Energy,2021,3164000000.0,8352000000.0
A. O. Smith,2021,75100000.0,3538900000.0
Oneok,2021,696854000.0,16540309000.0
ON Semiconductor,2021,444600000.0,6739800000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Capex Intensity
A. O. Smith,2021,2.1221283449659496
CenterPoint Energy,2021,37.883141762452105
ON Semiconductor,2021,6.596634914982641
Oneok,2021,4.2130651851788254

Answer: 2.0909
Question: Among Blackstone Inc., Ameriprise Financial, Comcast, how much lower is the Cash Flow to Net Income for the top company compared to the second place in 2024? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Net Income
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,NetIncome
Blackstone Inc.,2024,3481662000.0,2776508000.0
Ameriprise Financial,2024,6595000000.0,3401000000.0
Comcast,2024,27673000000.0,16192000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Net Income
Ameriprise Financial,2024,1.939135548368127
Blackstone Inc.,2024,1.2539715354682932
Comcast,2024,1.7090538537549407

Answer: 0.4551
Question: Among IBM, Constellation Brands, Citigroup, what is the gap in Cash Flow to Net Income between the lowest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2025? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Net Income
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,NetIncome
IBM,2025,13193000000.0,10593000000.0
Constellation Brands,2025,2669000000.0,1686700000.0
Citigroup,2025,-81941000000.0,14306000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Net Income
Citigroup,2025,-5.7277366140081085
Constellation Brands,2025,1.5823797948657141
IBM,2025,1.2454451052581894

Answer: 6.9732
Question: In 2020, within Masco, Baxter International, Verisk Analytics, Home Depot (The), by how much does the company with the lowest Cash Flow to Net Income differ from the second-ranked company? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Net Income
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,NetIncome
Masco,2020,953000000.0,1224000000.0
Baxter International,2020,1868000000.0,1102000000.0
Verisk Analytics,2020,1068200000.0,712700000.0
Home Depot (The),2020,18839000000.0,12866000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Net Income
Baxter International,2020,1.6950998185117967
Home Depot (The),2020,1.4642468521685061
Masco,2020,0.7785947712418301
Verisk Analytics,2020,1.4988073523221552

Answer: 0.6857
Question: For Cash Flow to Net Income in 2023, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Cooper Companies (The), Global Payments, Tapestry, Air Products, O’Reilly Automotive? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Net Income
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,NetIncome
Cooper Companies (The),2023,607500000.0,294200000.0
Global Payments,2023,2248741000.0,986233000.0
Tapestry,2023,975200000.0,936000000.0
Air Products,2023,3205700000.0,2300200000.0
O’Reilly Automotive,2023,3034084000.0,2346581000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Net Income
Air Products,2023,1.393661420746022
Cooper Companies (The),2023,2.064921821889871
Global Payments,2023,2.2801315713426744
O’Reilly Automotive,2023,1.2929807238701754
Tapestry,2023,1.041880341880342

Answer: 0.2152
Question: Among O’Reilly Automotive, D. R. Horton, Automatic Data Processing, Snap-on, calculate the margin between the highest-Cash Flow to Net Income company and the second-place company in 2021. According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Net Income
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,NetIncome
O’Reilly Automotive,2021,3207310000.0,2164685000.0
D. R. Horton,2021,534400000.0,4175800000.0
Automatic Data Processing,2021,3093300000.0,2598500000.0
Snap-on,2021,966600000.0,820500000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Net Income
Automatic Data Processing,2021,1.1904175485857225
D. R. Horton,2021,0.12797547775276594
O’Reilly Automotive,2021,1.4816520648500822
Snap-on,2021,1.1780621572212067

Answer: 0.2912
Question: Among Kenvue, Illinois Tool Works, American Electric Power, Marsh McLennan, how much higher is the Cash Flow to Debt for the top company compared to the second place in 2025? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Total Debt; Total Debt = Short-Term Debt + Long-Term Debt
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,ShortTermDebt,LongTermDebt
Kenvue,2025,2197000000.0,1453000000.0,0.0
Illinois Tool Works,2025,3126000000.0,2286000000.0,6683000000.0
American Electric Power,2025,6944000000.0,1508000000.0,44128000000.0
Marsh McLennan,2025,5292000000.0,1267000000.0,18320000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Debt
American Electric Power,2025,0.15216057498466123
Illinois Tool Works,2025,0.34853383877801314
Kenvue,2025,1.5120440467997247
Marsh McLennan,2025,0.270179200490121

Answer: 1.1635
Question: Among Mosaic Company (The), Lennox International, Accenture, what is the gap in Cash Flow to Debt between the highest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2024? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Total Debt; Total Debt = Short-Term Debt + Long-Term Debt
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,ShortTermDebt,LongTermDebt
Mosaic Company (The),2024,1299200000.0,402300000.0,3332300000.0
Lennox International,2024,945700000.0,0.0,833100000.0
Accenture,2024,9131027000.0,946229000.0,78628000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Debt
Accenture,2024,8.909562016944802
Lennox International,2024,1.135157844196375
Mosaic Company (The),2024,0.3478819686177904

Answer: 7.7744
Question: In 2025, within Alexandria Real Estate Equities, Mondelez International, Principal Financial Group, Automatic Data Processing, by how much does the company with the highest Cash Flow to Debt differ from the second-ranked company? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Total Debt; Total Debt = Short-Term Debt + Long-Term Debt
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,ShortTermDebt,LongTermDebt
Alexandria Real Estate Equities,2025,1414046000.0,0.0,12047394000.0
Mondelez International,2025,4514000000.0,2688000000.0,17222000000.0
Principal Financial Group,2025,4536700000.0,27700000.0,3926300000.0
Automatic Data Processing,2025,4939700000.0,4769500000.0,3974700000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Debt
Alexandria Real Estate Equities,2025,0.11737359963490859
Automatic Data Processing,2025,0.5649115985453215
Mondelez International,2025,0.22672024108488198
Principal Financial Group,2025,1.1473697521497217

Answer: 0.5825
Question: For Cash Flow to Debt in 2025, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Workday, Illinois Tool Works, Nasdaq Inc., Extra Space Storage, Datadog? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Total Debt; Total Debt = Short-Term Debt + Long-Term Debt
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,ShortTermDebt,LongTermDebt
Workday,2025,2939000000.0,0.0,2987000000.0
Illinois Tool Works,2025,3126000000.0,2286000000.0,6683000000.0
Nasdaq Inc.,2025,2255000000.0,431000000.0,8573000000.0
Extra Space Storage,2025,1850193000.0,1079565000.0,9432427000.0
Datadog,2025,1050135000.0,0.0,983449000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Debt
Datadog,2025,1.0678082950920689
Extra Space Storage,2025,0.17600783942757947
Illinois Tool Works,2025,0.34853383877801314
Nasdaq Inc.,2025,0.2504442470013327
Workday,2025,0.98393036491463

Answer: 0.0839
Question: Among Pool Corporation, PNC Financial Services, PulteGroup, Healthpeak Properties, calculate the margin between the lowest-Cash Flow to Debt company and the second-place company in 2025. According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Total Debt; Total Debt = Short-Term Debt + Long-Term Debt
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,ShortTermDebt,LongTermDebt
Pool Corporation,2025,365850000.0,13029000.0,1186424000.0
PNC Financial Services,2025,4384000000.0,0.0,57101000000.0
PulteGroup,2025,1871249000.0,0.0,1631098000.0
Healthpeak Properties,2025,1251959000.0,0.0,6772722000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Cash Flow to Debt
Healthpeak Properties,2025,0.18485315062392935
PNC Financial Services,2025,0.07677623859477067
Pool Corporation,2025,0.3050140355645448
PulteGroup,2025,1.1472327229878279

Answer: 0.1081
Question: Among Duke Energy, Progressive Corporation, Fifth Third Bancorp, how much higher is the Earnings Per Share Basic for the top company compared to the second place in 2021? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Duke Energy,2021,3908000000.0,769000000.0,106000000.0
Progressive Corporation,2021,3350900000.0,584500000.0,26900000.0
Fifth Third Bancorp,2021,2770000000.0,702188552.0,111000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Basic
Duke Energy,2021,4.94408322496749
Fifth Third Bancorp,2021,3.786732199530362
Progressive Corporation,2021,5.686911890504705

Answer: 0.7428
Question: Among American International Group, Goldman Sachs, Huntington Bancshares, what is the gap in Earnings Per Share Basic between the lowest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2022? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
American International Group,2022,10276000000.0,778621118.0,29000000.0
Goldman Sachs,2022,11261000000.0,352100000.0,497000000.0
Huntington Bancshares,2022,2238000000.0,1441279000.0,113000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Basic
American International Group,2022,13.160444487199229
Goldman Sachs,2022,30.570860550979834
Huntington Bancshares,2022,1.474384903963771

Answer: 11.6861
Question: In 2019, within Williams Companies, Huntington Bancshares, Wells Fargo, by how much does the company with the lowest Earnings Per Share Basic differ from the second-ranked company? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Williams Companies,2019,850000000.0,1212037000.0,3000000.0
Huntington Bancshares,2019,1411000000.0,1038840000.0,74000000.0
Wells Fargo,2019,19549000000.0,4393100000.0,1611000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Basic
Huntington Bancshares,2019,1.2870124369489044
Wells Fargo,2019,4.083221415401425
Williams Companies,2019,0.6988235507661895

Answer: 0.5882
Question: For Earnings Per Share Basic in 2023, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Charles Schwab Corporation, Morgan Stanley, Raymond James Financial? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Charles Schwab Corporation,2023,5067000000.0,1824000000.0,418000000.0
Morgan Stanley,2023,9087000000.0,1628000000.0,557000000.0
Raymond James Financial,2023,1739000000.0,211800000.0,6000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Basic
Charles Schwab Corporation,2023,2.548793859649123
Morgan Stanley,2023,5.23955773955774
Raymond James Financial,2023,8.182247403210576

Answer: 2.9427
Question: Among Prologis, Allstate, Targa Resources, Wells Fargo, calculate the margin between the highest-Earnings Per Share Basic company and the second-place company in 2017. According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Prologis,2017,1652325000.0,530400000.0,6499000.0
Allstate,2017,3189000000.0,362000000.0,116000000.0
Targa Resources,2017,54000000.0,206900000.0,91700000.0
Wells Fargo,2017,22183000000.0,4964600000.0,1629000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Basic
Allstate,2017,8.488950276243093
Prologis,2017,3.1029901960784314
Targa Resources,2017,-0.18221362977283712
Wells Fargo,2017,4.140111992909802

Answer: 4.3488
Question: Among Raymond James Financial, Oneok, Wells Fargo, how much higher is the Earnings Per Share Diluted for the top company compared to the second place in 2024? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Diluted Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesFullyDilutedAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Raymond James Financial,2024,2068000000.0,212300000.0,5000000.0
Oneok,2024,3035000000.0,586500000.0,1000000.0
Wells Fargo,2024,19722000000.0,3467600000.0,1116000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Diluted
Oneok,2024,5.17306052855925
Raymond James Financial,2024,9.717381064531324
Wells Fargo,2024,5.365670780943592

Answer: 4.3517
Question: Among Wells Fargo, Goldman Sachs, Huntington Bancshares, what is the gap in Earnings Per Share Diluted between the highest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2025? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Diluted Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesFullyDilutedAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Wells Fargo,2025,21338000000.0,3242300000.0,1053000000.0
Goldman Sachs,2025,17176000000.0,317600000.0,876000000.0
Huntington Bancshares,2025,2211000000.0,1504836000.0,124000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Diluted
Goldman Sachs,2025,51.322418136020154
Huntington Bancshares,2025,1.3868620899553175
Wells Fargo,2025,6.2563612250562874

Answer: 45.0661
Question: In 2024, within Charles Schwab Corporation, Ameren, Morgan Stanley, by how much does the company with the lowest Earnings Per Share Diluted differ from the second-ranked company? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Diluted Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesFullyDilutedAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Charles Schwab Corporation,2024,5942000000.0,1834000000.0,464000000.0
Ameren,2024,1184000000.0,267400000.0,5000000.0
Morgan Stanley,2024,13390000000.0,1611000000.0,590000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Diluted
Ameren,2024,4.409124906507105
Charles Schwab Corporation,2024,2.9869138495092695
Morgan Stanley,2024,7.945375543140906

Answer: 1.4222
Question: For Earnings Per Share Diluted in 2017, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Targa Resources, Southern Company, Alliant Energy? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Diluted Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesFullyDilutedAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Targa Resources,2017,54000000.0,206900000.0,91700000.0
Southern Company,2017,1071000000.0,1008000000.0,38000000.0
Alliant Energy,2017,467500000.0,229700000.0,10200000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Diluted
Alliant Energy,2017,1.9908576404005225
Southern Company,2017,1.0248015873015872
Targa Resources,2017,-0.18221362977283712

Answer: 0.9661
Question: Among Oneok, Alliant Energy, Huntington Bancshares, Allstate, calculate the margin between the lowest-Earnings Per Share Diluted company and the second-place company in 2020. According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Weighted-Average Diluted Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetIncome,SharesFullyDilutedAverage,PreferredDividendExpense
Oneok,2020,612809000.0,431782000.0,1100000.0
Alliant Energy,2020,624000000.0,248700000.0,10000000.0
Huntington Bancshares,2020,817000000.0,1032683000.0,100000000.0
Allstate,2020,5576000000.0,315500000.0,115000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Earnings Per Share Diluted
Alliant Energy,2020,2.4688379573783674
Allstate,2020,17.30903328050713
Huntington Bancshares,2020,0.6943079337996267
Oneok,2020,1.416707968372929

Answer: 0.7224
Question: Among Biogen, Jabil, Raymond James Financial, how much lower is the Operating Cash Flow Per Share for the top company compared to the second place in 2020? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,SharesAverage
Biogen,2020,4229800000.0,160900000.0
Jabil,2020,1257275000.0,151613000.0
Raymond James Financial,2020,4054000000.0,137600000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Per Share
Biogen,2020,26.288377874456184
Jabil,2020,8.292659600430042
Raymond James Financial,2020,29.462209302325583

Answer: 17.9957
Question: Among PTC Inc., Arch Capital Group, Gen Digital, what is the gap in Operating Cash Flow Per Share between the lowest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2023? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,SharesAverage
PTC Inc.,2023,610861000.0,118341000.0
Arch Capital Group,2023,5749000000.0,368700000.0
Gen Digital,2023,2064000000.0,637000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Per Share
Arch Capital Group,2023,15.59262272850556
Gen Digital,2023,3.240188383045526
PTC Inc.,2023,5.1618712027108105

Answer: 1.9217
Question: In 2022, within Erie Indemnity, T-Mobile US, Welltower, Vistra Corp., Coca-Cola Company (The), by how much does the company with the lowest Operating Cash Flow Per Share differ from the second-ranked company? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,SharesAverage
Erie Indemnity,2022,366152000.0,46191458.0
T-Mobile US,2022,16781000000.0,1249763934.0
Welltower,2022,1328708000.0,462185000.0
Vistra Corp.,2022,485000000.0,422447074.0
Coca-Cola Company (The),2022,11018000000.0,4328000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Per Share
Coca-Cola Company (The),2022,2.5457486136783736
Erie Indemnity,2022,7.926833571696308
T-Mobile US,2022,13.427335789960475
Vistra Corp.,2022,1.1480728116014836
Welltower,2022,2.8748401614072288

Answer: 1.3977
Question: For Operating Cash Flow Per Share in 2019, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Quanta Services, Loews Corporation, Ameren? According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,SharesAverage
Quanta Services,2019,526551000.0,145710000.0
Loews Corporation,2019,-26000000.0,302700000.0
Ameren,2019,2170000000.0,245600000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Per Share
Ameren,2019,8.835504885993485
Loews Corporation,2019,-0.08589362405021474
Quanta Services,2019,3.613691579164093

Answer: 3.6996
Question: Among Schlumberger, J.B. Hunt, Boston Scientific, calculate the margin between the highest-Operating Cash Flow Per Share company and the second-place company in 2016. According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: CFO / Weighted-Average Basic Shares
Data:
corporate,year,NetCashFromOperatingActivities,SharesAverage
Schlumberger,2016,6261000000.0,1357000000.0
J.B. Hunt,2016,854143000.0,112474000.0
Boston Scientific,2016,972000000.0,1357600000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Operating Cash Flow Per Share
Boston Scientific,2016,0.7159693576900412
J.B. Hunt,2016,7.594137311734268
Schlumberger,2016,4.6138540899042

Answer: 2.9803
Question: Among Rockwell Automation, Old Dominion, Alphabet Inc. (Class C), Berkshire Hathaway, how much lower is the Equity Multiplier for the top company compared to the second place in 2021? (Use the average of beginning and ending values) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Average Total Assets / Average Stockholders Equity
Data:
corporate,year,Assets,AllEquityBalance
Rockwell Automation,2020,7264700000.0,1027800000.0
Rockwell Automation,2021,10701600000.0,2389600000.0
Old Dominion,2020,4369410000.0,3326288000.0
Old Dominion,2021,4821544000.0,3679807000.0
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2020,319616000000.0,222544000000.0
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2021,359268000000.0,251635000000.0
Berkshire Hathaway,2020,873729000000.0,443164000000.0
Berkshire Hathaway,2021,958784000000.0,506199000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Equity Multiplier
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2021,1.4317040611245964
Berkshire Hathaway,2021,1.930255339632996
Old Dominion,2021,1.3118511810073943
Rockwell Automation,2021,5.257300872007959

Answer: 0.1199
Question: Among KeyCorp, Linde plc, Hormel Foods, what is the gap in Equity Multiplier between the lowest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2025? (Use the average of beginning and ending values) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Average Total Assets / Average Stockholders Equity
Data:
corporate,year,Assets,AllEquityBalance
KeyCorp,2024,187168000000.0,18176000000.0
KeyCorp,2025,184381000000.0,20381000000.0
Linde plc,2024,80147000000.0,38092000000.0
Linde plc,2025,86817000000.0,38245000000.0
Hormel Foods,2024,13434729000.0,7993420000.0
Hormel Foods,2025,13393119000.0,7901171000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Equity Multiplier
Hormel Foods,2025,1.6878602286777935
KeyCorp,2025,9.636356563010608
Linde plc,2025,2.1871962482151512

Answer: 0.4993
Question: In 2025, within Ares Management, Corning Inc., Packaging Corporation of America, Universal Health Services, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, by how much does the company with the highest Equity Multiplier differ from the second-ranked company? (Use the average of beginning and ending values) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Average Total Assets / Average Stockholders Equity
Data:
corporate,year,Assets,AllEquityBalance
Ares Management,2024,24884308000.0,3543646000.0
Ares Management,2025,28633369000.0,4275463000.0
Corning Inc.,2024,27735000000.0,10686000000.0
Corning Inc.,2025,30976000000.0,11807000000.0
Packaging Corporation of America,2024,8833200000.0,4404000000.0
Packaging Corporation of America,2025,10725500000.0,4598000000.0
Universal Health Services,2024,14469749000.0,6666207000.0
Universal Health Services,2025,15527593000.0,7275792000.0
Vertex Pharmaceuticals,2024,22533200000.0,16409600000.0
Vertex Pharmaceuticals,2025,25643000000.0,18665800000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Equity Multiplier
Ares Management,2025,6.84447256074829
Corning Inc.,2025,2.6101898368381273
Packaging Corporation of America,2025,2.172706065318818
Universal Health Services,2025,2.15158113266254
Vertex Pharmaceuticals,2025,1.3735039372323623

Answer: 4.2343
Question: For Equity Multiplier in 2019, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Regions Financial Corporation, Walmart, Charter Communications? (Use the average of beginning and ending values) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Average Total Assets / Average Stockholders Equity
Data:
corporate,year,Assets,AllEquityBalance
Regions Financial Corporation,2018,125688000000.0,15090000000.0
Regions Financial Corporation,2019,126240000000.0,16295000000.0
Walmart,2018,219295000000.0,72496000000.0
Walmart,2019,236495000000.0,74669000000.0
Charter Communications,2018,146130000000.0,36285000000.0
Charter Communications,2019,148188000000.0,31445000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Equity Multiplier
Charter Communications,2019,4.345459914365865
Regions Financial Corporation,2019,8.02701927672455
Walmart,2019,3.097135867903374

Answer: 3.6816
Question: Among Ross Stores, Norfolk Southern, eBay Inc., calculate the margin between the highest-Equity Multiplier company and the second-place company in 2020. (Use the average of beginning and ending values) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: Average Total Assets / Average Stockholders Equity
Data:
corporate,year,Assets,AllEquityBalance
Ross Stores,2019,9348367000.0,3359249000.0
Ross Stores,2020,12717867000.0,3290640000.0
Norfolk Southern,2019,37923000000.0,15184000000.0
Norfolk Southern,2020,37962000000.0,14791000000.0
eBay Inc.,2019,18174000000.0,2870000000.0
eBay Inc.,2020,19310000000.0,3561000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,Equity Multiplier
Norfolk Southern,2020,2.5316096747289407
Ross Stores,2020,3.3182860646245373
eBay Inc.,2020,5.828642512828487

Answer: 2.5104
Question: Among Waters Corporation, Marsh McLennan, Linde plc, how much higher is the EBITDA for the top company compared to the second place in 2022? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: EBITDA = EBIT + D&A = Pretax Income + Interest Expense + D&A
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,DepreciationExpense,AmortizationOfIntangibles
Waters Corporation,2022,837846000.0,48797000.0,71998000.0,0.0
Marsh McLennan,2022,4082000000.0,469000000.0,381000000.0,338000000.0
Linde plc,2022,5543000000.0,170000000.0,4204000000.0,0.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,EBITDA
Linde plc,2022,9917000000.0
Marsh McLennan,2022,5270000000.0
Waters Corporation,2022,958641000.0

Answer: 4647000000.0
Question: Among Supermicro, Applied Materials, Fastenal, what is the gap in EBITDA between the highest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2025? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: EBITDA = EBIT + D&A = Pretax Income + Interest Expense + D&A
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,DepreciationExpense,AmortizationOfIntangibles
Supermicro,2025,1211916000.0,30251000.0,0.0,0.0
Applied Materials,2025,9271000000.0,269000000.0,435000000.0,0.0
Fastenal,2025,1655000000.0,6200000.0,168500000.0,10700000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,EBITDA
Applied Materials,2025,9975000000.0
Fastenal,2025,1840400000.0
Supermicro,2025,1242167000.0

Answer: 8134600000.0
Question: In 2023, within NextEra Energy, Alphabet Inc. (Class C), T-Mobile US, by how much does the company with the lowest EBITDA differ from the second-ranked company? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: EBITDA = EBIT + D&A = Pretax Income + Interest Expense + D&A
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,Depreciation & Amortization
NextEra Energy,2023,7288000000.0,2463000000.0,5879000000.0
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2023,85717000000.0,0.0,11946000000.0
T-Mobile US,2023,10999000000.0,3335000000.0,12818000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,EBITDA
Alphabet Inc. (Class C),2023,97663000000.0
NextEra Energy,2023,15630000000.0
T-Mobile US,2023,27152000000.0

Answer: 11522000000.0
Question: For EBITDA in 2021, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Duke Energy, Snap-on, United Rentals, FirstEnergy, Equinix? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: EBITDA = EBIT + D&A = Pretax Income + Interest Expense + D&A
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,DepreciationExpense,AmortizationOfIntangibles
Duke Energy,2021,3764000000.0,2280000000.0,5663000000.0,0.0
Snap-on,2021,1086900000.0,53100000.0,75600000.0,29200000.0
United Rentals,2021,1846000000.0,424000000.0,1611000000.0,0.0
FirstEnergy,2021,1559000000.0,1141000000.0,1601000000.0,0.0
Equinix,2021,608952000.0,426439000.0,1450806000.0,205484000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,EBITDA
Duke Energy,2021,11707000000.0
Equinix,2021,2691681000.0
FirstEnergy,2021,4301000000.0
Snap-on,2021,1244800000.0
United Rentals,2021,3881000000.0

Answer: 1446881000.0
Question: Among Paycom, Hubbell Incorporated, Apple Inc., NextEra Energy, calculate the margin between the highest-EBITDA company and the second-place company in 2023. (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: EBITDA = EBIT + D&A = Pretax Income + Interest Expense + D&A
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,Depreciation & Amortization
Paycom,2023,472399000.0,1927000.0,113948000.0
Hubbell Incorporated,2023,983300000.0,0.0,149700000.0
Apple Inc.,2023,113736000000.0,3803000000.0,11519000000.0
NextEra Energy,2023,7288000000.0,2463000000.0,5879000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,EBITDA
Apple Inc.,2023,129058000000.0
Hubbell Incorporated,2023,1133000000.0
NextEra Energy,2023,15630000000.0
Paycom,2023,588274000.0

Answer: 113428000000.0
Question: Among State Street Corporation, Textron, International Flavors & Fragrances, how much higher is the NOPAT for the top company compared to the second place in 2017? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: NOPAT = EBIT x (1 - effective tax rate); EBIT = Pretax Income + Interest Expense; effective tax rate = Income Taxes / Pretax Income
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,IncomeTaxes
State Street Corporation,2017,2899000000.0,604000000.0,722000000.0
Textron,2017,762000000.0,174000000.0,456000000.0
International Flavors & Fragrances,2017,537045000.0,65363000.0,58889000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,NOPAT
International Flavors & Fragrances,2017,536351701.7158711
State Street Corporation,2017,2630572956.19179
Textron,2017,375874015.74803144

Answer: 2094221254.4759
Question: Among DTE Energy, Interactive Brokers, Walmart, what is the gap in NOPAT between the lowest-ranked company and the runner-up in 2018? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: NOPAT = EBIT x (1 - effective tax rate); EBIT = Pretax Income + Interest Expense; effective tax rate = Income Taxes / Pretax Income
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,IncomeTaxes
DTE Energy,2018,1216000000.0,559000000.0,98000000.0
Interactive Brokers,2018,1196000000.0,444000000.0,71000000.0
Walmart,2018,11460000000.0,2348000000.0,4281000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,NOPAT
DTE Energy,2018,1631949013.1578948
Interactive Brokers,2018,1542642140.4682274
Walmart,2018,8649880628.272251

Answer: 89306872.6897
Question: In 2025, within Nucor, J.B. Hunt, Brown–Forman, by how much does the company with the highest NOPAT differ from the second-ranked company? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: NOPAT = EBIT x (1 - effective tax rate); EBIT = Pretax Income + Interest Expense; effective tax rate = Income Taxes / Pretax Income
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,IncomeTaxes
Nucor,2025,2568000000.0,59000000.0,530000000.0
J.B. Hunt,2025,794112000.0,66561000.0,195830000.0
Brown–Forman,2025,1081000000.0,122000000.0,212000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,NOPAT
Brown–Forman,2025,967074005.5504164
J.B. Hunt,2025,648428891.3730054
Nucor,2025,2084823208.7227414

Answer: 1117749203.1723
Question: For NOPAT in 2022, what is the difference between the top and second-place companies among Cboe Global Markets, Dominion Energy, Clorox, Linde plc, Emcor? (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: NOPAT = EBIT x (1 - effective tax rate); EBIT = Pretax Income + Interest Expense; effective tax rate = Income Taxes / Pretax Income
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,IncomeTaxes
Cboe Global Markets,2022,432900000.0,51000000.0,197900000.0
Dominion Energy,2022,1053000000.0,966000000.0,68000000.0
Clorox,2022,607000000.0,106000000.0,100000000.0
Linde plc,2022,5543000000.0,170000000.0,1434000000.0
Emcor,2022,558750000.0,13199000.0,152628000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,NOPAT
Cboe Global Markets,2022,262685377.68537766
Clorox,2022,595537067.5453048
Dominion Energy,2022,1888618233.6182337
Emcor,2022,415715564.7033557
Linde plc,2022,4235020205.6648026

Answer: 2346401972.0466
Question: Among Tapestry, Monster Beverage, O’Reilly Automotive, AES Corporation, calculate the margin between the highest-NOPAT company and the second-place company in 2024. (Unit: $; Use the sum of Pretax Income and Interest Expense as EBIT) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: NOPAT = EBIT x (1 - effective tax rate); EBIT = Pretax Income + Interest Expense; effective tax rate = Income Taxes / Pretax Income
Data:
corporate,year,PretaxIncomeLoss,InterestExpense,IncomeTaxes
Tapestry,2024,1011900000.0,262800000.0,195900000.0
Monster Beverage,2024,1989459000.0,25270000.0,480411000.0
O’Reilly Automotive,2024,3045064000.0,222548000.0,658384000.0
AES Corporation,2024,894000000.0,1485000000.0,345000000.0

Indicator data:
corporate,year,NOPAT
AES Corporation,2024,1460929530.201342
Monster Beverage,2024,1528215845.6102889
O’Reilly Automotive,2024,2561110113.99432
Tapestry,2024,1027922917.2843167

Answer: 1032894268.384
Question: Calculate the Gross Margin of Yum! Brands from 2022 to 2024 and make a year-over-year comparison. How many times was there a YoY decrease? (Indicator unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue * 100%
Data:
year,Revenue,CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
2022,6842000000.0,1745000000.0
2023,7076000000.0,1774000000.0
2024,7549000000.0,2120000000.0

Indicator data:
year,Gross Margin
2022,74.49576147325342
2023,74.92933860938383
2024,71.91681017353292

Answer: 1.0
Question: Within the 2019–2021 window, how many times did Waste Management's Gross Margin decrease from one year to the next? (Indicator unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue * 100%
Data:
year,Revenue,CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
2019,15455000000.0,9496000000.0
2020,15218000000.0,9341000000.0
2021,17931000000.0,11111000000.0

Indicator data:
year,Gross Margin
2019,38.557101261727595
2020,38.61874096464713
2021,38.034688528247166

Answer: 1.0
Question: Comparing Ameren's Gross Margin year by year from 2019 to 2023, how many times did it decrease relative to the preceding year? (Indicator unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue * 100%
Data:
year,Revenue,CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
2019,5910000000.0,1745000000.0
2020,5794000000.0,1661000000.0
2021,6394000000.0,1774000000.0
2022,7957000000.0,1937000000.0
2023,7500000000.0,1866000000.0

Indicator data:
year,Gross Margin
2019,70.47377326565145
2020,71.33241284086986
2021,72.25523928683141
2022,75.65665451803444
2023,75.12

Answer: 1.0
Question: Taking 2021 as the starting reference, how many year-over-year increases occurred in Viatris's Gross Margin up to 2025? (Indicator unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue * 100%
Data:
year,Revenue,CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
2021,17886300000.0,12310800000.0
2022,16262700000.0,9765700000.0
2023,15426900000.0,8988300000.0
2024,14739300000.0,9115700000.0
2025,14299900000.0,9286400000.0

Indicator data:
year,Gross Margin
2021,31.17190251756931
2022,39.95031575322671
2023,41.73618808704276
2024,38.153779351800964
2025,35.05968573206806

Answer: 2.0
Question: For Parker Hannifin's Gross Margin from 2017 to 2021, count the number of YoY decreases between each consecutive pair of years. (Indicator unit: %) According to US GAAP, write down the indicator formula, collect the raw data, calculate the answer, and keep four decimal places. Please list the raw data and key calculation process.
Formula: (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue * 100%
Data:
year,Revenue,CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
2017,12029312000.0,9188962000.0
2018,14302392000.0,10762841000.0
2019,14320324000.0,10703484000.0
2020,13695520000.0,10286518000.0
2021,14347640000.0,10449680000.0

Indicator data:
year,Gross Margin
2017,23.611907314400028
2018,24.747965235465507
2019,25.256691119558468
2020,24.891365935722046
2021,27.1679523601094

Answer: 1.0