NeoBERTForTokenClassificationによる英語Universal Dependenciesの品詞付与

[昨日の記事](https://qiita.com/KoichiYasuoka/items/c6d27dafdf40bb81f50e)の[NeoBERT](https://huggingface.co/chandar-lab/NeoBERT)に対し、Stefan SchweterがNeoBERTForTokenClassificationを[書いてくれた](https://huggingface.co/stefan-it/neobert-ner-conll03/blob/main/model.py#L425)ので、transformers v4.49.0の[run_ner.py](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/blob/v4.49.0/examples/pytorch/token-classification/run_ner.py)の助けを借りて、[UD_English-EWT](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_English-EWT)の[UPOS](https://universaldependencies.org/u/pos/)品詞付与を試してみた。Google Colaboratory (GPU版)だと、こんな感じ。

```
!pip install -U transformers datasets evaluate seqeval accelerate xformers flash_attn torchvision
!test -d NeoBERT || git clone --depth=1 https://huggingface.co/chandar-lab/NeoBERT
!curl -L https://huggingface.co/stefan-it/neobert-ner-conll03/raw/main/model.py > NeoBERT/model.py
import json
with open("NeoBERT/config.json","r",encoding="utf-8") as r:
  d=json.load(r)
d["auto_map"]["AutoModelForTokenClassification"]="model.NeoBERTForTokenClassification"
with open("NeoBERT/config.json","w",encoding="utf-8") as w:
  json.dump(d,w,indent=2)
s='$1=="transformers"{printf("-b v%s",$2)}'
!test -d transformers || git clone `pip3 list | awk '{s}'` https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
!test -d UD_English-EWT || git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_English-EWT
def makejson(conllu_file,json_file):
  with open(conllu_file,"r",encoding="utf-8") as r, open(json_file,"w",encoding="utf-8") as w:
    d={"tokens":["[CLS]"],"tags":["SYM"]}
    for s in r:
      if s.strip()=="":
        if len(d["tokens"])>1:
          d["tokens"].append("[SEP]")
          d["tags"].append("SYM")
          print(json.dumps(d),file=w)
        d={"tokens":["[CLS]"],"tags":["SYM"]}
      else:
        t=s.split("\t")
        if len(t)==10 and t[0].isdecimal():
          d["tokens"].append(t[1])
          d["tags"].append(t[3])
makejson("UD_English-EWT/en_ewt-ud-train.conllu","train.json")
makejson("UD_English-EWT/en_ewt-ud-dev.conllu","dev.json")
makejson("UD_English-EWT/en_ewt-ud-test.conllu","test.json")
!env WANDB_DISABLED=true python3 transformers/examples/pytorch/token-classification/run_ner.py --task_name pos --model_name_or_path NeoBERT --trust_remote_code --train_file train.json --validation_file dev.json --test_file test.json --output_dir ./NeoBERT-english-upos --overwrite_output_dir --do_train --do_eval --do_predict
!cp NeoBERT/*.py NeoBERT-english-upos
```

私(安岡孝一)の手元では、30分ほどで以下のmetricsが出力されて、NeoBERT-english-uposが出来上がった。

```
***** train metrics *****
  epoch                    =        3.0
  total_flos               =  1907895GF
  train_loss               =     0.0529
  train_runtime            = 0:26:18.59
  train_samples            =      12544
  train_samples_per_second =     23.839
  train_steps_per_second   =       2.98

***** eval metrics *****
  epoch                   =        3.0
  eval_accuracy           =     0.9809
  eval_f1                 =     0.9782
  eval_loss               =     0.0842
  eval_precision          =     0.9779
  eval_recall             =     0.9786
  eval_runtime            = 0:00:12.95
  eval_samples            =       2001
  eval_samples_per_second =    154.408
  eval_steps_per_second   =     19.369

***** predict metrics *****
  predict_accuracy           =     0.9814
  predict_f1                 =     0.9785
  predict_loss               =     0.0786
  predict_precision          =      0.977
  predict_recall             =       0.98
  predict_runtime            = 0:00:13.69
  predict_samples_per_second =     151.67
  predict_steps_per_second   =     18.986
```

eval・predictともにF1値が0.98弱なので、そこそこイイセンいってるようだ。ちょっと動かしてみよう。

```
from transformers import AutoTokenizer,AutoModelForTokenClassification,TokenClassificationPipeline
tkz=AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("NeoBERT-english-upos")
mdl=AutoModelForTokenClassification.from_pretrained("NeoBERT-english-upos",trust_remote_code=True)
nlp=TokenClassificationPipeline(model=mdl,tokenizer=tkz,device=0)
print(nlp("It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing"))
```

出来立てのNeoBERT-english-uposで「It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing」に品詞付与してみたところ、私の手元では以下の結果が得られた。

> [{'entity': 'PRON', 'score': 0.9999176, 'index': 1, 'word': 'it', 'start': 0, 'end': 2}, {'entity': 'AUX', 'score': 0.99964607, 'index': 2, 'word': 'don', 'start': 3, 'end': 6}, {'entity': 'PART', 'score': 0.9090374, 'index': 3, 'word': "'", 'start': 6, 'end': 7}, {'entity': 'PART', 'score': 0.9998319, 'index': 4, 'word': 't', 'start': 7, 'end': 8}, {'entity': 'VERB', 'score': 0.999897, 'index': 5, 'word': 'mean', 'start': 9, 'end': 13}, {'entity': 'DET', 'score': 0.9998585, 'index': 6, 'word': 'a', 'start': 14, 'end': 15}, {'entity': 'NOUN', 'score': 0.9997912, 'index': 7, 'word': 'thing', 'start': 16, 'end': 21}, {'entity': 'SCONJ', 'score': 0.9997054, 'index': 8, 'word': 'if', 'start': 22, 'end': 24}, {'entity': 'PRON', 'score': 0.9999281, 'index': 9, 'word': 'it', 'start': 25, 'end': 27}, {'entity': 'AUX', 'score': 0.99948126, 'index': 10, 'word': 'ain', 'start': 28, 'end': 31}, {'entity': 'PART', 'score': 0.97454005, 'index': 11, 'word': "'", 'start': 31, 'end': 32}, {'entity': 'PART', 'score': 0.9998357, 'index': 12, 'word': 't', 'start': 32, 'end': 33}, {'entity': 'VERB', 'score': 0.9996866, 'index': 13, 'word': 'got', 'start': 34, 'end': 37}, {'entity': 'DET', 'score': 0.99983764, 'index': 14, 'word': 'that', 'start': 38, 'end': 42}, {'entity': 'NOUN', 'score': 0.99974066, 'index': 15, 'word': 'swing', 'start': 43, 'end': 48}]

やはり「don't」と「ain't」がイマイチだ。UD_English-EWTでは「don't」は「do」「n't」に、「ain't」は「ai」「n't」に切って、AUXとPARTを品詞付与するのが流儀なのだが、上の結果では「don」「'」「t」と「ain」「'」「t」に切られてしまってる。その点ではdeberta-v3-baseと[ほぼ同じ結果](https://qiita.com/KoichiYasuoka/items/ef6f887d8fae22716a82)なのだが、F1値ではNeoBERTよりdeberta-v3-baseの方が精度が高い。うーん、NeoBERTForTokenClassificationを、もう少し[改良](https://qiita.com/KoichiYasuoka/items/751c02216a65d105d3d2)すべきかな。