ChatGPTを活用した英語学習方法まとめ

コーディングやちょっとした疑問に答えてくれるChatGPTですが、英語学習にも大いに活用できます。
無料で使うことができる、かつ使いようによっては参考書より有益になりえます。

そんなChatGPTによる英語活用方法について解説していきます。

## ChatGPT英語学習活用方法
### 1.クイズを出してもらう
もっとも簡単な使い方としてはクイズを出してもらうことです。
これはTOEIC学習者の方などにオススメの方法です。

単純にChatGPTに「英語のクイズを出してください」とお願いするだけです。その際に「TOEICの学習用に」というプロンプトも追加しておけばTOEIC形式の問題文を作成してくれます。

以下に例のプロンプトと出力を上げています。
```
# プロンプト
TOEIC対策用に英語のクイズを出してください。
```

```
#　出力
TOEIC対策のために、以下にいくつかの英語のクイズを用意しました。これらのクイズは、TOEICのリーディングセクションやリスニングセクションでよく見られるタイプの質問です。

クイズ 1: 語彙問題
問題:
次の文章で空欄に入る最も適切な単語を選びなさい。

"The manager asked the team to ______ their efforts on completing the project on time."

A) concentrate
B) conclude
C) conduct
D) convene

クイズ 2: 文法問題
問題:
次の文の中で文法的に間違っている部分を選びなさい。

"Despite of the heavy rain, the outdoor event was not cancelled."

A) Despite of
B) heavy
C) outdoor
D) was not

クイズ 3: リーディング理解
小節:
"You have received the following email from your colleague:

Dear [Your Name],

I hope this message finds you well. I wanted to remind you about the upcoming department meeting scheduled for next Thursday at 3 PM in Conference Room B. It is imperative that all members attend as we will be discussing the new project timelines and assignments.

Best regards,
[Colleague's Name]

問題:
次のうち、どの情報がこのEメールに含まれていませんか？

A) The time of the meeting
B) The location of the meeting
C) The agenda of the meeting
D) The deadline for the new project

クイズ 4: リスニング理解 (文章で表現)
シナリオ:
あなたはリスニングトラックを聞いています。スピーカーは会社の新しい健康政策について話しています。スピーカーが言及している主な変更点は、社員が健康的な生活を送るために週に一度フィットネスクラスに参加することを奨励することです。

問題:
スピーカーの主な目的は何ですか？

A) 社員の健康保険料を増やす
B) 社員にフィットネスクラスの時間割を提供する
C) 社員の健康と福祉を向上させる
D) 社員に新しい健康政策のコストを説明する

それぞれの問題に対して、最も適切な答えを選んでください。解答と解説が必要な場合は、お知らせください。
```

簡単なプロンプトでもこれだけの問題文を出してくれます。
試しに使ってみたいという人はこの使い方なら気軽に試せるので活用してみてください。

### 2.ChatGPTに英語を解説をしてもらう
単純に単語や文章を解説してもらうという使い方が最も思いつくものだと思います。
英語を勉強していてわからない単語・文章が出てきたときに、コピペして「解説してください」とつければ解説文が出てきます。試しにBBCの文章を解説してもらいます。

```
# プロンプト
下記の英文を解説してください。
Some people indeed have worked themselves up by their own bootstraps 
and get what they have because they worked hard
```
というプロンプトを投げてみました。英語的な表現は単語がわかっても意味が解らないことも多いです。
そんなときは解説にChatGPTを使うと便利です。

上記に対するChatGPTに回答は以下です。

```
# 出力
この英文は「自力で成功を収める」という概念を表しています。
具体的には、「Some people indeed have worked themselves up by their own bootstraps」という部分で、
文字通りには「ある人々は確かに自分のブーツの紐（bootstraps）を引っ張り上げることによって自分自身を向上させた」という意味になります。
ここでの「自分のブーツの紐を引っ張り上げる」という表現は、自分の力だけで困難な状況から抜け出し、成功を収めることを象徴的に表しています。
実際には、このフレーズは比喩的な意味で使われ、「自力更生」や「独力での成功」という意味を持ちます。

続く「and get what they have because they worked hard」という部分では、
その人々が持っているもの（成功や成果など）は、彼らが一生懸命働いた結果であると述べています。
この文は、努力と個人の責任を強調し、成功は努力によってのみ達成されるという考えを表しています。

全体として、この英文は個人主義と自己責任の価値観を強調し、
自分の努力と決意によって成功を収めることができるというメッセージを伝えています。
```

かなりしっかり解説してくれるので意味が分かるようになったと思います。
ちなみに解説も英語でしてもらうとさらに英語を読む勉強になるのでお勧めです。
「解説は英語でしてください」もしくは「Please explain the following sentence」というプロンプトを加えると英語で返答してくれます。

```
# プロンプト
Please explain the following sentence：
People who are well off, and rich enough to do what they want, rely on other people less. 
As a result, they may lack empathy, the ability to share someone else’s feelings by imagining what it would be like to be them.

```

```
# 出力
This sentence discusses the relationship between wealth, independence, and empathy. It breaks down into two main ideas:

Wealth and Independence: The first part of the sentence, "People who are well off, and rich enough to do what they want, rely on other people less," suggests that individuals who have considerable financial resources ('well off' and 'rich') have the luxury of autonomy. They can pursue their desires without needing assistance from others, leading to a lower degree of dependency on other people for achieving their goals or meeting their needs.

Wealth and Empathy: The second part of the sentence, "As a result, they may lack empathy, the ability to share someone else’s feelings by imagining what it would be like to be them," posits a potential consequence of this independence. Since these wealthy individuals don't rely much on others, they might not engage deeply with the experiences, challenges, or emotions of others. This lack of reliance and engagement might hinder their ability to develop or exercise empathy. Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of another person, essentially putting oneself in someone else's shoes. The sentence suggests that if you don't need others, you might not make the effort to understand them, which could lead to a deficiency in empathy.

In summary, the sentence proposes that financial wealth can lead to greater independence from others, which might, in turn, reduce the opportunities or willingness to understand and empathize with the feelings and experiences of other people.

```

### 3.シチュエーションごとに例文を作ってもらう
英語を勉強していると教科書的な英語ではなく、日常的に使えそうな英語を勉強したいと思うでしょう。
例えば、実際に買い物に行くときや日常会話のシーンで使われるような英語を勉強するのはニュースを読んだりするのとは少し違います。

そこで、ChatGPTを使って実際にシチュエーションごとに例文を作ってもらうという方法が使えます。
例えば、以下のようなプロンプトを投げてみました。

```
# プロンプト
英語で２人のオフィスワーカーによる会話文を作ってみてください。
```

```
# 出力
Alice: Hey, John, do you have a minute? I need some help with the quarterly report.

John: Sure, Alice. What do you need?

Alice: I'm trying to analyze the sales data from last quarter, but I can't seem to make sense of these numbers. Could you take a look?

John: Of course. Let's go over it together. Sometimes a fresh pair of eyes can spot something you might have missed.

Alice: Thanks, I appreciate it. Also, do you know if the meeting with the marketing team is still on for tomorrow?

John: Yes, it's still on. It's scheduled for 10 AM in the conference room. Did you need to prepare something for it?

Alice: Yes, I need to present our team's progress on the current project. I better get those slides ready by today.

John: Need any help with that?

Alice: I think I'm good for now, but I'll let you know if anything comes up. Thanks, John.

John: No problem, Alice. Just give me a shout if you need anything. And let's tackle that report first.
```

シチュエーションを限定することもできるので、旅行などに役立つ英語を勉強することもできます。
以下のようなプロンプトを試しました。


```
# プロンプト
服屋に買い物しているお客さんと店員の会話を英語文で作ってみてください。
```

```
# 出力
Customer: Excuse me, do you have this shirt in a size medium?

Sales Associate: Let me check for you. [Checks inventory] I'm sorry, it looks like we're currently out of medium, but we do have it in small and large. Would you like to try one of those sizes?

Customer: I'm not sure. Do you think the small might be too tight?

Sales Associate: It might be a bit snug. However, our large size tends to run slightly smaller than usual. It could be a good fit. How about I bring both sizes for you to try on?

Customer: That would be great, thank you.

[After trying on the shirts]

Customer: The large fits perfectly! I'll take it. Also, do you have any recommendations for a tie that would go well with this shirt?

Sales Associate: Absolutely! Let's see... Considering the color and pattern of the shirt, how about this tie? It complements the shirt nicely without being too matchy.

Customer: Oh, that's a nice combination. I'll take the tie as well. Can you also help me find a pair of trousers to complete the outfit?

Sales Associate: Of course! Follow me, please. We have a new collection that would pair beautifully with your shirt and tie.
```

かなりリアルな店員と顧客の会話文を作ってくれています。
エッセイ的な英語だけではなく日常会話的な英語はこのようなプロンプトを作ってChatGPTに例文を作ってもらいましょう。
もっとシチュエーションを限定することもできるので、以下のような具体的な条件をプロンプトを追加して試してみてください。
```
# プロンプト
アメリカの大学でコンピューターサイエンスを専攻している3人の学生、
アレックス、ジョーダン、ソフィアの会話風景を英語で作ってみてください。
```

```
# 出力
アレックス: Hey, have you guys started on the Machine Learning project yet? I'm thinking of using TensorFlow, but I'm not sure if PyTorch might be better.

ジョーダン: I'm actually leaning towards PyTorch. I read that it's more pythonic and has dynamic computation graphs, which could be really handy for this project. Plus, there's a lot of community support.

ソフィア: I was considering TensorFlow because of the extensive documentation and the fact that it's been around longer. But I see your point about PyTorch, Jordan. Maybe we could collaborate and compare the two?

アレックス: That sounds like a great idea! We could divide the work and implement the same model in both frameworks to see which performs better.

ジョーダン: I'm in. It'll be interesting to see how each framework handles the data differently. Plus, it could be a great learning experience for all of us.

ソフィア: Agreed. And we should also consider the scalability of our model. If we decide to expand our project, we need to make sure our framework can handle it.

アレックス: Definitely. Let's also schedule a time to meet with the TA next week. I bet they could give us some insight into which framework might be more suitable for our project's requirements.

ジョーダン: Good call. I'll send an email to set up a meeting.

ソフィア: In the meantime, let's start gathering some initial resources and tutorials on both TensorFlow and PyTorch. The more prepared we are, the better.

アレックス: Sounds like a plan. Let's touch base over the weekend and share what we've found.
```

### 4.インタラクティブに英語でチャットをする
本来のChatGPTのチャットでの形式を利用してインタラクティブにチャットのやり取りをしてみるということもできます。
例えば、「英語学習用に私と英語でチャットのやり取りをしてください」というプロンプトを入力することで英語でのチャットが始まります。

ここでひと工夫として自分とChatGPTの「役割」を決めます。つまり、ロールプレイでチャットのやり取りをすることです。
上記でも試したシチュエーションを想定することでより良い学習になるでしょう。

例えば、私が学生でChatGPTに教師をやってもらいチャットでやり取りをしてみます。
始めのプロンプトは英語でも日本語でもOKです。

```
## プロンプト
Hello. I am studying English, so please communicate with me in English during our chat. 
Let's establish our roles in advance: I will be the student, and you will be the teacher. 
I would like to proceed with the scenario where I have come to ask questions about English.
(次の日本語を英語にしてください：
こんにちは。私は英語を勉強しているので、チャットを英語でやり取りしてください。
あらかじめ、それぞれの役割を設定します。私が学生であなたが教師です。
私は英語についての質問をしに来たというシチュエーションでお願いします。)
```

```
# チャットのやりとり
[User] 
Hello.Mr.Brown!
I would like to ask question about English.
Im afraid of you have any time.

[ChatGPT]
Hello! Of course, I have time to help you with your English questions. 
Don't worry about that. What specific questions do you have? 
Feel free to ask anything you're curious about or need clarification on.

[User]
"In an English textbook, there's a sentence that says, 
'The stage director shouted to his actors, “Break a leg!”' 
I don't understand the meaning of this idiom 'BREAK A LEG.' What does it mean?"

[ChatGPT]
"Break a leg" is a popular idiom in the English language, especially common in the performing arts. 
Despite what it might sound like, 
it's actually a way of wishing someone good luck in an ironic or humorous way. 

The phrase is often used in the theater as a superstition to wish performers good luck without saying "good luck" directly, 
since it's considered bad luck to say "good luck" to actors before they go on stage. 
So, when the stage director says, “Break a leg!” to his actors, he's essentially wishing them a great performance.
```

上記では英語のあるイディオムについて先生に質問しに行ってます。このようにやり取りを続けていって最後に英語のフィードバックをしてもらうともっと良い勉強方法になります。


### 5.エッセイの添削をしてもらう
長い文章を添削してもらうときもChatGPTは有益です。特にエッセイ問題が出される英語試験の対策に活用できますし、長文を添削してもらう機会を設けるのは意外と難しいです。
これこそ、ChatGPTを活用していきたい部分です。

試しにアメリカの歴史に関するエッセイを書いて、間違いがあれば指摘してもらうようにします。

```
# プロンプト
次の文章で英語に間違いがあるか添削してください。

The history of the United States is characterized by the amalgamation of diverse cultures and ideologies. The nation's journey began in 1776, when 13 colonies declared their independence from Britain, laying the foundation for a unified state. This Declaration of Independence epitomizes the American pursuit of liberty and equality.

Entering the 19th century, America embarked on an era of territorial expansion. However, this period was also marred by the grave social issue of slavery. The Civil War (1861-1865) brought about a final resolution to this issue, yet racial tensions persisted post-war.

In the 20th century, the United States established itself as a leading economic and military power. Its roles in World War I and World War II significantly contributed to this transformation. During the Cold War, the U.S. positioned itself as a model of democracy and free-market economy, in opposition to the Soviet Union.

Yet, America's history isn't solely illustrious. It has faced challenges such as racial discrimination, stringent immigration policies, and economic disparities. These issues remain pivotal points of debate in American society today.

Thus, the history of the United States is complex and at times contradictory, but it's also a narrative of change and evolution. Despite the challenges it faces, the ideals of America continue to attract many, perhaps due to this very reason.
```

```
# 出力
Your passage is well-written and largely accurate in terms of English usage. However, there are a few areas where slight adjustments could enhance clarity or correctness:

Amalgamation of diverse cultures and ideologies: The term "amalgamation" is correct but can be considered slightly formal or less common in everyday language. Depending on the audience, "blend" or "mix" could be more accessible while retaining the intended meaning.

The nation's journey began in 1776: This is correct, but for enhanced clarity and specificity, you might consider mentioning that this was the year the Declaration of Independence was signed.

Laying the foundation for a unified state: While "laying" is grammatically correct, "laid" might be more precise, as it indicates the action was completed in the past: "...when 13 colonies declared their independence from Britain, laying (or 'which laid') the foundation for a unified state."

Entering the 19th century: The phrase is correct, but a slight rephrasing could improve the flow, such as "As America entered the 19th century" or "With the onset of the 19th century."

This period was also marred by the grave social issue of slavery: The sentence is clear, but for conciseness and impact, consider simplifying to "This period was also marred by slavery."

The Civil War (1861-1865) brought about a final resolution to this issue: This is generally correct, but it might imply that the Civil War completely resolved the issues related to slavery and racial tensions, which wasn't the case. You might clarify this by saying, "The Civil War (1861-1865) aimed to address this issue, though racial tensions persisted."

Its roles in World War I and World War II: To avoid ambiguity, you might specify "The United States' roles in World War I and World War II..."

Yet, America's history isn't solely illustrious: The use of "Yet" at the beginning of the sentence is correct but slightly formal. Consider "However," for a smoother transition.

Pivotal points of debate: The phrase is correct, but "central issues" or "key points of debate" might sound more natural.

Despite the challenges it faces, the ideals of America continue to attract many: This sentence is grammatically correct, but for clarity and emphasis, you might consider specifying who or what is attracted, such as "many people" or "individuals worldwide."

Here is a revised version incorporating some of these suggestions:

The history of the United States is marked by a rich blend of diverse cultures and ideologies. The nation's journey commenced in 1776 with the signing of the Declaration of Independence by 13 colonies, which laid the foundation for a unified state. This document epitomizes the American pursuit of liberty and equality.

As America entered the 19th century, it embarked on an era of territorial expansion, a period also deeply affected by the grave issue of slavery. The Civil War (1861-1865) aimed to address this, yet racial tensions continued beyond the war.

In the 20th century, the United States emerged as a leading economic and military power, with its significant roles in both World Wars marking this transformation. Throughout the Cold War, the U.S. stood as a beacon of democracy and a free-market economy, opposing the Soviet Union.

However, the narrative of America is not solely one of glory. The nation has grappled with challenges like racial discrimination, strict immigration policies, and economic inequalities, which remain central to debate in American society today.

Therefore, the history of the United States is complex and sometimes contradictory, embodying a story of change and evolution. Despite its challenges, the ideals of America continue to draw many people, perhaps for this very reason.
```

注意点としては指摘してもらう部分を明確にすることです。
文章の事実確認を添削するのか、英語の文章としての間違いを指摘してもらうのか、またはその両方かプロンプトでしっかり明記しておきましょう。ただし、純粋に英語の間違いをしてもらうだけのほうがオススメです。
特にChatGPTは最新の情報を反映しているというわけではないので、事実確認などは間違える可能性があります。
あくまでも「英語として正しい書き方」ができるようにフィードバックを依頼してみましょう。

## まとめ
上記のように無料のChatGPTでも英語学習に大いに活用できます。
特に、TOEICやTOEFL学習者にとってはReadingやWriting練習に有用だと思います。

他にもプロンプト次第で学習に利用する方法はあると思うので、自分の学習に合わせてプロンプトも考えて活用していきましょう。