(初心者むけ) asahi-net にてNEC IX2215 を使って IPoE DS-Lite する

初歩レベル、かんたんな手順メモ

これまでAterm WG1200HP4でDS-Liteしていたのですが、同時セッション300あたりで性能上限に達し、DNS解決機能が停止し、ルータにログインもできなくなってました。

なのでヤフオクで、２台で五千円のやつを買ってみることにしてみました。

# 大前提

「ONUとひかり電話ルータ」が合体した機材の、LANポート以下にIX2015を接続するシナリオです。

* https://jpn.nec.com/univerge/ix/Support/ipv6/ds-lite/index.html#ipv6ra
* https://ameblo.jp/garage-komatech/entry-12754888560.html

LAN側は、ポートが沢山使える GE2 を使うことにします。

## よくある落とし穴
情報収集でありがちな罠は、「ひかり電話アリとナシ、どちらのconfigを選べばいいの？」という部分です。

結論から言うと
* ひかり電話を契約していない　→ひかり電話ナシconfig
* 「ONUとひかり電話ルータの合体機材」なら、ひかり電話契約の有無に関わらず、ひかり電話ナシconfig
* ひかり電話を契約し、「ONU単機能モデル（Bフレッツ時代のやつとか）」直下に直接IXをつなぐなら、ひかり電話アリconfig

になるという。一般家庭なら２番目ですね。

# firmを最新に上げる

時間をドブに捨てないために、必ずfirmwareを  10.7まで上げましょう。

この申請書を書いてメールするだけで、すぐにdownload ID が貰えます。
* https://www.express.nec.co.jp/idaten/network/ix/setsuzokushinseisho.pdf

## どうやってfirmを上げるの？
webuiを有効化して、ブラウザ経由で上げるのが一番簡単かな・・

```
# conf t
http-server ip enable
http-server username admin
```


# conf 
```
# sh run
! NEC Portable Internetwork Core Operating System Software
! IX Series IX2215 (magellan-sec) Software, Version 10.7.18, RELEASE SOFTWARE
! Compiled Oct 25-Tue-2022 12:37:13 JST #2
! Current time Mar 22-Wed-2023 11:59:17 JST
!
hostname gate
timezone +09 00
!
!
!
ip ufs-cache max-entries 20000
ip ufs-cache enable
ip route default Tunnel0.0
ip dhcp enable
!
!
ipv6 ufs-cache max-entries 10000
ipv6 ufs-cache enable
ipv6 dhcp enable
ipv6 access-list block-list deny ip src any dest any
ipv6 access-list dhcpv6-list permit udp src any sport any dest any dport eq 546
ipv6 access-list dhcpv6-list permit udp src any sport any dest any dport eq 547
ipv6 access-list icmpv6-list permit icmp src any dest any
ipv6 access-list permit-list permit ip src any dest any
ipv6 access-list dynamic cache 65535
ipv6 access-list dynamic dflt-list access permit-list
!
!
!
!
no dns fqdn-database roundrobin
!
proxy-dns ip enable
proxy-dns ip request both
!
telnet-server ip enable
!
http-server username admin
http-server ip enable
!
!
!
!
ip dhcp profile dhcpv4-sv
  dns-server 192.168.10.1
!
ipv6 dhcp client-profile dhcpv6-cl
  information-request
  option-request dns-servers
!
ipv6 dhcp server-profile dhcpv6-sv
  dns-server dhcp
!
interface GigaEthernet0.0
  description FletsNet
  no ip address
  ipv6 enable
  ipv6 dhcp client dhcpv6-cl
  ipv6 nd proxy GigaEthernet2.0
  ipv6 filter dhcpv6-list 1 in
  ipv6 filter icmpv6-list 2 in
  ipv6 filter block-list 100 in
  ipv6 filter dhcpv6-list 1 out
  ipv6 filter icmpv6-list 2 out
  ipv6 filter dflt-list 100 out
  no shutdown
!
interface GigaEthernet1.0
  no ip address
  shutdown
!
interface GigaEthernet2.0
  description HomeNet
  ip address 192.168.10.1/24
  ip dhcp binding dhcpv4-sv
  ipv6 enable
  ipv6 dhcp server dhcpv6-sv
  ipv6 nd ra enable
  ipv6 nd ra other-config-flag
  no shutdown
!
interface Tunnel0.0
  description dslite.v6connect.net
  tunnel mode 4-over-6
  tunnel destination fqdn dslite.v6connect.net
  tunnel source GigaEthernet2.0
  ip unnumbered GigaEthernet2.0
  ip tcp adjust-mss auto
  no shutdown
!
```

# 動作確認

![ix.jpg](https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/666068/149c48cf-b904-2f19-f6e5-af1350c29973.jpeg)


## IPoE周りの確認

まず全てはNDから始まります。NDが動いているか確認。それからRA をもらっているか確認

* NDが降ってこない場合は、ONUの電源を15分以上落としましょう（とONU本体に書いてある）

```
yn-gate(config)# sh ipv6 neighbors GigaEthernet0.0
Neighbor cache - 11 dynamic, 1013 free, 0 static
Interface GigaEthernet0.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Neighbor 2405:6583:***:***:3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6 (router)
    REACHABLE, linklayer 38:e0:8e:5a:e0:a6, uptime 0:00:00, age 42d9h59m40s
  Neighbor fe80::3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6 (router)
    REACHABLE, linklayer 38:e0:8e:5a:e0:a6, uptime 0:00:09, age 42d9h59m40s

yn-gate(config)# sh ipv6 routers
Interface GigaEthernet0.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Router fe80::3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6, uptime 0:22:21 seconds
    Hops 64, lifetime 5400 seconds, MTU 0, other
    Reachable time 30 seconds, retransmit time 1 seconds
    Prefix 2405:6583:****:****::/64, on-link, autonomous

```

RAを元に、自分のIPv6が決定されたか確認
```
yn-gate(config)# sh ipv6 prefix
Interface GigaEthernet2.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Advertising prefix is auto-prefix11:
    2405:6583:*****:***:: prefixlen 64
    Valid life time 2592000 seconds
    Preferred life time 604800 seconds
    On-link flag is on
    Autonomous flag is on

yn-gate(config)# sh ipv6 address
Interface GigaEthernet0.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Link-local address(es):
    fe80::260:b9ff:fef9:5312 prefixlen 64
    fe80:: prefixlen 64 anycast
  Multicast address(es):
    ff02::1
    ff02::2
    ff02::1:2
    ff02::1:ff00:0
    ff02::1:fff9:5312
Interface GigaEthernet2.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Global address(es):
    2405:6583:6640:***:260:b9ff:fef9:5352 prefixlen 64
    2405:6583:6640:***:: prefixlen 64 anycast
  Link-local address(es):
    fe80::260:b9ff:fef9:5352 prefixlen 64
    fe80:: prefixlen 64 anycast
  Multicast address(es):
    ff02::1
    ff02::2
    ff02::1:2
    ff02::1:ff00:0
    ff02::1:fff9:5312
Interface GigaEthernet2.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Global address(es):
    2405:6583:6640:***:260:b9ff:fef9:5352 prefixlen 64
    2405:6583:6640:***:: prefixlen 64 anycast
  Link-local address(es):
    fe80::260:b9ff:fef9:5352 prefixlen 64
    fe80:: prefixlen 64 anycast
  Multicast address(es):
    ff02::1
    ff02::2
    ff02::1:2
    ff02::1:ff00:0
    ff02::1:fff9:5352
Interface Loopback0.0 is up, line protocol is up
  Orphan address(es):
    ::1 prefixlen 128
```

NDを元に、デフォルトゲートウェイが設定されたか確認
```
yn-gate(config)# sh ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 4 entries, unlimited
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static
       R - RIPng, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, B - BGP
       s - Summary
Timers: Uptime/Age
S      ::/0 orphan [100/1]
         via fe80::3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6, GigaEthernet0.0, 42d10h/0:00:00
C      2405:6583:***:***::/64 global [0/1]
         via ::, GigaEthernet2.0, 42d9h59m59s/0:00:00
L      2405:6583:***:***::/128 global [0/1]
         via ::, GigaEthernet2.0, 42d10h/0:00:00
L      2405:6583:***:***:260:b9ff:fef9:5352/128 global [0/1]
         via ::, GigaEthernet2.0, 42d9h59m59s/0:00:00
```


DHCPv6で、DNSサーバーアドレスを受け取っているか確認

```
yn-gate(config)#sh ipv6 dhcp client
DHCPv6 client is enabled
  System DUID 00:03:00:01:00:60:b9:f9:53:12
  Statistics:
    Information request-reply:
      5 send, 3664581 seconds ago
      1 receive, 0 drops, 3664581 seconds ago
    Reconfigure:
      1 receive, 1 drops, 3664581 seconds ago
Interface GigaEthernet0.0 is active
  Server address fe80::3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6
  Server identifier 00:03:00:01:38:e0:8e:5a:e0:a6
  Uptime 42d9h56m27s
  DNS Servers:
    2405:6583:6640:100:3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6
  Statistics:
    Information request-reply:
      5 send, 3664581 seconds ago
      1 receive, 0 drops, 3664581 seconds ago
    Reconfigure:
      1 receive, 1 drops, 3664581 seconds ago
yn-gate(config)#
```

## DS-Lite回りの確認

トンネルの存在を確認
```
yn-gate(config)# sh interfaces brief
Interface GigaEthernet0.0 is up
  IPv6 subsystem connected, physical layer is up, 0:29:27
Interface GigaEthernet2.0 is up
  IPv4 subsystem connected, physical layer is up, 0:29:40
  ARP subsystem connected, physical layer is up, 0:29:40
  IPv6 subsystem connected, physical layer is up, 0:29:40
Interface Tunnel0.0 is up
  IPv4 subsystem connected, physical layer is up, 0:28:49
```

トンネル状態が「Tunnel is ready」かを確認。
```
yn-gate(config)# sh interfaces Tunnel0.0
Interface Tunnel0.0 is up
  Description: dslite.v6connect.net
  Fundamental MTU is 1460 octets
  Current bandwidth 1G b/s, QoS is disabled
  Datalink header cache type is ipv6-tunnel: 1/0 (standby/dynamic)
  IPv4 subsystem connected, physical layer is up, 0:32:55
  Dialer auto-connect is enabled
  Inbound call is enabled
  Outbound call is enabled
  Dial on demand restraint is disabled, 0 disconnect
  SNMP MIB-2:
    ifIndex is 1208
  Logical INTERFACE:
    Elapsed time after clear counters 0:33:55
    132750 packets input, 179432696 bytes, 0 errors
      132750 unicasts, 0 non-unicasts, 0 unknown protos
      0 drops, 0 misc errors
    88448 output requests, 19580385 bytes, 0 errors
      88448 unicasts, 0 non-unicasts
      0 overflows, 0 neighbor unreachable, 0 misc errors
    1 link-up detected, 0 link-down detected
  Encapsulation TUNNEL:
    Tunnel mode is 4-over-6
    Tunnel is ready
    Destination address is 2001:c28:1:301::11
    Destination FQDN is dslite.v6connect.net
    Source address is 2405:6583:6666:6666:2666b9ff:6666:5392
    Source interface GigaEthernet2.0
    Nexthop address is fe80::3ae0:8eff:fe5a:e0a6
    Outgoing interface is GigaEthernet0.0
    Interface MTU is 1460
    Path MTU is 1500
    Tunnel-link cache:
      38:e0:8e:5a:e0:a6:00:60:b9:f9:53:12:86:dd
    Statistics:
      132761 packets input, 179434513 bytes, 0 errors
      88458 packets output, 19582225 bytes, 0 errors
    Received ICMP messages:
      0 errors
```

できました！

![fastcom.jpg](https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/666068/553f980e-f230-caa7-d56f-b4829a8f36d1.jpeg)



# 備考：PPPoEパススルーをやりたい場合

```
bridge irb enable
bridge 1 bridge-only pppoe

interface GigaEthernet0.0
  bridge-group 1
interface GigaEthernet2.0
  bridge-group 1
```


# 小ネタ
* NECが教科書的テキストをオープンアクセスしています。
  →　https://www.express.nec.co.jp/idaten/network/ix/ix2k3k-learning-ver8.10_10.0.pdf

* IX2215のwebUIに接続できない（ERR_TUNNEL_CONNECTION_FAILEDエラー） 。
 → そのときはChromeやEdgeではなく、Operaを使いましょう。