11.8.4 Friends [class.friend]  C++N4910:2022 (165) p300.cpp

# はじめに(Introduction)

N4910  Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++

http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/n4910.pdf

n4910は、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21の作業原案(Working Draft)です。
公式のISO/IEC 14882原本ではありません。
ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21では、可能な限り作業文書を公開し、幅広い意見を求めています。
一連の記事はコード断片をコンパイルできる形にする方法を検討してコンパイル、リンク、実行して、規格案の原文と処理系(g++, Clang++)との違いを確認し、技術内容を検討し、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21にフィードバックするために用います。
また、CERT C++, MISRA C++等のコーディング標準のコード断片をコンパイルする際の参考にさせていただこうと考えています。CERT C++, MISRA C++が標準化の動きとの時間的なずれがあれば確認できれば幸いです。また、boostライブラリとの関連、Linux OS, TOPPERSカーネル、g++(GCC), clang++(LLVM）との関係も調査中です。
何か、抜け漏れ、耳より情報がありましたらおしらせくださると幸いです。

 <この項は書きかけです。順次追記します。>

## 背景(back ground)
C/C++でコンパイルエラーが出ると、途方にくれることがしばしばあります。
何回かに１回は、該当するエラーが検索できます。
ただ、条件が違っていて、そこでの修正方法では目的を達成しないこともしばしばです。いろいろな条件のコンパイルエラーとその対応方法について、広く記録することによって、いつか同じエラーに遭遇した時にやくに立つことを目指しています。

この半年の間で、三度、自分のネットでの記録に助けられたことがあります。
また過去に解決できなかった記録を１０種類以上、最近になって解決できたことがあります。それは、主に次の３つの情報に基づいています。

https://stackoverflow.com
https://cpprefjp.github.io
http://ja.cppreference.com/

また
https://researchmap.jp/joub9b3my-1797580/#_1797580
に記載したサイトのお世話になっています。

## 作業方針(sequence)
Clang++では-std=c++03, C++2bの2種類
g++では-std=c++03, c++2bの２種類
でコンパイルし、

１）コンパイルエラーを収集する。
２）コンパイルエラーをなくす方法を検討する。
コンパイルエラーになる例を示すだけが目的のコードは、コンパイルエラーをなくすのではなく、コンパイルエラーの種類を収集するだけにする。
文法を示すのが目的のコード場合に、コンパイルエラーをなくすのに手間がかかる場合は、順次作業します。
３）リンクエラーをなくす方法を検討する。
文法を示すのが目的のコード場合に、リンクエラーをなくすのに手間がかかる場合は、順次作業します。
４）意味のある出力を作る。
コンパイル、リンクが通っても、意味のある出力を示そうとすると、コンパイル・リンクエラーが出て収拾できそうにない場合がある。順次作業します。

１）だけのものから４）まで進んだものと色々ある状態です。一歩でも前に進むご助言をお待ちしています。「検討事項」の欄に現状を記録するようにしています。

### C++N4910:2022 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882(0) sample code compile list  

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fc957ddddd402004bb91

### C++N4741, 2018 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882 sample code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3294c014044550896010

### C++N4606, 2016符号断片編纂一覧(example code compile list)
C++N4606, 2016 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standard(1) Example code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/

### C++N3242, 2011 sample code compile list on clang++ and g++
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/685b5c1a2c17c1bf1318

## 編纂器(Compiler)
### clang++ --version
> Debian clang version 14.0.5-++20220610033153+c12386ae247c-1~exp1~20220610153237.151
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, Thread model: posix, InstalledDir: /usr/bin

### g++- --version
> g++ (GCC) 12.1.0  Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

# 11.8.4 Friends [class.friend]  C++N4910:2022 (165) p300.cpp

## 算譜(source code)

```c++:p300.cpp
// C++N4910 Committee Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/n4910.pdf
const char * n4910 = "11.8.4 Friends [class.friend]  C++N4910:2022 (165) p300.cpp";
// Debian clang version 14.0.5-++20220610033153+c12386ae247c-
// g++ (GCC) 12.1.0 Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
// Edited by Dr. Ogawa Kiyoshi. Compile procedure and results record.
// C++N4910:2022 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882(0) sample code compile list
// https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fc957ddddd402004bb91

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cassert>
#include <coroutine>
#include <vector>
#include <complex>
#include <map>
#include <atomic>
#include <unordered_map>

using namespace std;

// Example 1
class X {
    int a;
    friend void friend_set(X*, int);
public:
    void member_set(int);
};
void friend_set(X* p, int i) {
    p->a = i;
}
void X::member_set(int i) {
    a = i;
}
void f() {
    X obj;
    friend_set(&obj,10);
    obj.member_set(10);
}
// [Example 2:
class A {
    class B { };
    friend class X22;
};
struct X22 : A::B {
    A::B mx;
    class Y {
        A::B my;
// [Example 3:
        class X3 {
            enum { a=100 };
            friend class Y;
        };
        class Y3 {
            int v[X3::a];
        };
        class Z {
            int v[X3::a];
        };
// OK, A::B accessible to friend
// OK, A::B accessible to member of friend
// OK, A::B accessible to nested member of friend
    };
};
//OK,Yisafriendof X
// error: X::a is private
// [Example 4: class C;
typedef C4 Ct;
class X1 {
    friend C4;
};
class X2 {
// OK, class C is a friend
// OK, class C is a friend
// error: D not found
// OK, elaborated-type-specifier declares new class
// class C is a friend of R<C> // OK, "friend int;" is ignored
};
friend Ct;
friend D4;
friend class D4;
template <typename T> class R {
    friend T;
};
R<C> rc;
R<int> Ri;
// [Example 5:
class Y5 {
    friend char* X5::foo(int);
    friend X5::X5(char);
    friend X5::~X5();
};
// constructors can be friends
// destructors can be friends
// [Example 6: class M {
friend void f() { }
};
// definition of global f, a friend of M,
// not the definition of a member function
// [Example 7:
class A7 {
    friend class B7;
    int a;
};
class B7 {
    friend class C7;
};
class C7  {
    void f(A7* p) {
        p->a++;
// error: C is not a friend of A despite being a friend of a friend
    }
};
class D7: public B7 {
    void f7(A7* p) {
        p->a++; // error: D is not a friend of A despite being derived from a friend
    }
};
// [Example 8:
// Assume f and g have not yet been declared. void h(int);
template <class T> void f2(T);
namespace A8 {
class X8 {
    friend void f8(X8);
    class Y8 {
        friend void g8();
        friend void h(int);
        friend void f2<>(int);
// A::f(X) is a friend
// A::g is a friend
// A::h is a friend
// ::h not considered
// ::f2<>(int) is a friend
    };
};
// A::f, A::g and A::h are not visible here X x;
// definition of A::g // definition of A::f // definition of A::h
void g8() {
    f(x);
}
void f8(X8) {/*...*/}
void h8(int) {/*...*/}
// A::f, A::g and A::h are visible here and known to be friends
}
using A8::x;
void h8() {
    A8::f8(x);
    A8::X8::f8(x);
    A8::X8::Y8::g8();
}
//  [Example 9:
class X9;
void a();
void f9() {
    class Y9;
    extern void b();
// error: f is not a member of A::X
// error: g is not a member of A::X::Y
}
class A9 {
    friend class X9;// OK, but X is a local class, not ::X
    friend class Y9;
    friend class Z9;
    friend void a()
    friend void b();
    friend void b();
};
X9* px;
Z9* pz;
// OK, introduces local class Z
// error, ::a is not considered
// OK // error
// OK, but ::X is found // error: no Z is found
int main() {
    cout  <<  n4910 << endl;
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
```

## Script

```bash:clgc.sh
#!/bin/sh
rm $1l
rm $1g
echo "$ clang++ $1.cpp -std=03 -o $1l -I. -Wall" 
clang++ $1.cpp -std=c++03 -o $1l -I. -Wall
if [  -e $1l ]; then
./$1l 
fi
rm $1l
echo "$ clang++ $1.cpp -std=2b -o $1l -I. -Wall"
clang++ $1.cpp -std=c++2b -o $1l -I. -Wall
if [  -e $1l ]; then
./$1l
fi
echo "\r"
echo "$ g++ $1.cpp -std=03 -o $1g -I. -Wall"
g++ $1.cpp -std=c++03 -o $1g -I. -Wall
if [ -e $1g ]; then
./$1g
fi
rm $1g
echo "\r"
echo "$ g++ $1.cpp -std=2b -o $1g -I. -Wall"
g++ $1.cpp -std=c++2b -o $1g -I. -Wall
if [ -e $1g ]; then
./$1g 
fi
```
## 編纂・実行結果(compile and go)

```ubuntu:bash
# ./clgc.sh  p300
rm: cannot remove 'p300l': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove 'p300g': No such file or directory
$ clang++ p300.cpp -std=c++03 -o p300l -I. -Wall
In file included from p300.cpp:19:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/atomic:38:
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/bits/c++0x_warning.h:32:2: error: This file requires compiler and library support for the ISO C++ 2011 standard. This support must be enabled with the -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11 compiler options.
#error This file requires compiler and library support \
 ^
p300.cpp:43:3: warning: 'X22' defined as a struct here but previously declared as a class; this is valid, but may result in linker errors under the Microsoft C++ ABI [-Wmismatched-tags]
  struct X22 : A::B {
  ^
p300.cpp:41:12: note: did you mean struct here?
    friend class X22;
           ^~~~~
           struct
p300.cpp:65:9: error: unknown type name 'C4'
typedef C4 Ct;
        ^
p300.cpp:67:12: error: C++ requires a type specifier for all declarations
    friend C4;
    ~~~~~~ ^
p300.cpp:67:12: error: friends can only be classes or functions
p300.cpp:76:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
friend Ct;
^
p300.cpp:76:1: warning: declaration does not declare anything [-Wmissing-declarations]
friend Ct;
^~~~~~~~~
p300.cpp:77:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
friend D4;
^
p300.cpp:77:8: error: C++ requires a type specifier for all declarations
friend D4;
~~~~~~ ^
p300.cpp:78:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
friend class D4;
^
p300.cpp:80:3: warning: non-class friend type 'T' is a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  friend T;
  ^      ~
p300.cpp:82:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'C'
R<C> rc;
  ^
p300.cpp:86:14: error: use of undeclared identifier 'X5'
friend char* X5::foo(int); 
             ^
p300.cpp:87:8: error: use of undeclared identifier 'X5'
friend X5::X5(char);
       ^
p300.cpp:88:8: error: use of undeclared identifier 'X5'
friend X5::~X5();
       ^
p300.cpp:93:5: error: 'friend' used outside of class
    friend void f() { }
    ^
p300.cpp:93:17: error: redefinition of 'f'
    friend void f() { }
                ^
p300.cpp:33:11: note: previous definition is here
     void f() {
          ^
p300.cpp:94:1: error: extraneous closing brace ('}')
};
^
p300.cpp:107:4: error: 'a' is a private member of 'A7'
p->a++;
   ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: implicitly declared private here
    int a;
        ^
p300.cpp:111:4: error: 'a' is a private member of 'A7'
p->a++; // error: D is not a friend of A despite being derived from a friend 
   ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: implicitly declared private here
    int a;
        ^
p300.cpp:132:15: error: use of undeclared identifier 'x'
void g8() { f(x); }
              ^
p300.cpp:137:11: error: no member named 'x' in namespace 'A8'
using A8::x;
      ~~~~^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
3 warnings and 20 errors generated.
rm: cannot remove 'p300l': No such file or directory
$ clang++ p300.cpp -std=c++2b -o p300l -I. -Wall
p300.cpp:43:3: warning: 'X22' defined as a struct here but previously declared as a class; this is valid, but may result in linker errors under the Microsoft C++ ABI [-Wmismatched-tags]
  struct X22 : A::B {
  ^
p300.cpp:41:12: note: did you mean struct here?
    friend class X22;
           ^~~~~
           struct
p300.cpp:65:9: error: unknown type name 'C4'
typedef C4 Ct;
        ^
p300.cpp:67:12: error: C++ requires a type specifier for all declarations
    friend C4;
    ~~~~~~ ^
p300.cpp:67:12: error: friends can only be classes or functions
p300.cpp:76:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
friend Ct;
^
p300.cpp:76:1: warning: declaration does not declare anything [-Wmissing-declarations]
friend Ct;
^~~~~~~~~
p300.cpp:77:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
friend D4;
^
p300.cpp:77:8: error: C++ requires a type specifier for all declarations
friend D4;
~~~~~~ ^
p300.cpp:78:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
friend class D4;
^
p300.cpp:82:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'C'
R<C> rc;
  ^
p300.cpp:86:14: error: use of undeclared identifier 'X5'
friend char* X5::foo(int); 
             ^
p300.cpp:87:8: error: use of undeclared identifier 'X5'
friend X5::X5(char);
       ^
p300.cpp:88:8: error: use of undeclared identifier 'X5'
friend X5::~X5();
       ^
p300.cpp:93:5: error: 'friend' used outside of class
    friend void f() { }
    ^
p300.cpp:93:17: error: redefinition of 'f'
    friend void f() { }
                ^
p300.cpp:33:11: note: previous definition is here
     void f() {
          ^
p300.cpp:94:1: error: extraneous closing brace ('}')
};
^
p300.cpp:107:4: error: 'a' is a private member of 'A7'
p->a++;
   ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: implicitly declared private here
    int a;
        ^
p300.cpp:111:4: error: 'a' is a private member of 'A7'
p->a++; // error: D is not a friend of A despite being derived from a friend 
   ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: implicitly declared private here
    int a;
        ^
p300.cpp:132:15: error: use of undeclared identifier 'x'
void g8() { f(x); }
              ^
p300.cpp:137:11: error: no member named 'x' in namespace 'A8'
using A8::x;
      ~~~~^
p300.cpp:139:12: error: use of undeclared identifier 'x'
    A8::f8(x);
           ^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
2 warnings and 20 errors generated.

$ g++ p300.cpp -std=c++03 -o p300g -I. -Wall
In file included from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/atomic:38,
                 from p300.cpp:19:
/usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/c++0x_warning.h:32:2: error: #error This file requires compiler and library support for the ISO C++ 2011 standard. This support must be enabled with the -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11 compiler options.
   32 | #error This file requires compiler and library support \
      |  ^~~~~
p300.cpp:65:9: error: 'C4' does not name a type
   65 | typedef C4 Ct;
      |         ^~
p300.cpp:67:12: error: 'C4' does not name a type
   67 |     friend C4;
      |            ^~
p300.cpp:76:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   76 | friend Ct;
      | ^~~~~~
      | ------
p300.cpp:76:8: error: 'Ct' does not name a type
   76 | friend Ct;
      |        ^~
p300.cpp:77:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   77 | friend D4;
      | ^~~~~~
      | ------
p300.cpp:77:8: error: 'D4' does not name a type
   77 | friend D4;
      |        ^~
p300.cpp:78:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   78 | friend class D4;
      | ^~~~~~
      | ------
p300.cpp:82:3: error: 'C' was not declared in this scope
   82 | R<C> rc;
      |   ^
p300.cpp:82:4: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   82 | R<C> rc;
      |    ^
p300.cpp:86:14: error: 'X5' has not been declared
   86 | friend char* X5::foo(int);
      |              ^~
p300.cpp:87:8: error: 'X5' does not name a type; did you mean 'Y5'?
   87 | friend X5::X5(char);
      |        ^~
      |        Y5
p300.cpp:88:8: error: 'X5' does not name a type; did you mean 'Y5'?
   88 | friend X5::~X5();
      |        ^~
      |        Y5
p300.cpp:93:5: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   93 |     friend void f() { }
      |     ^~~~~~
      |     ------
p300.cpp:93:17: error: redefinition of 'void f()'
   93 |     friend void f() { }
      |                 ^
p300.cpp:33:11: note: 'void f()' previously defined here
   33 |      void f() {
      |           ^
p300.cpp:94:1: error: expected declaration before '}' token
   94 | };
      | ^
p300.cpp: In member function 'void C7::f(A7*)':
p300.cpp:107:4: error: 'int A7::a' is private within this context
  107 | p->a++;
      |    ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: declared private here
  100 |     int a;
      |         ^
p300.cpp: In member function 'void D7::f7(A7*)':
p300.cpp:111:4: error: 'int A7::a' is private within this context
  111 | p->a++; // error: D is not a friend of A despite being derived from a friend
      |    ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: declared private here
  100 |     int a;
      |         ^
p300.cpp: In function 'void A8::g8()':
p300.cpp:132:15: error: 'x' was not declared in this scope
  132 | void g8() { f(x); }
      |               ^
p300.cpp: At global scope:
p300.cpp:137:11: error: 'x' has not been declared in 'A8'
  137 | using A8::x;
      |           ^
p300.cpp: In function 'void h8()':
p300.cpp:139:12: error: 'x' was not declared in this scope
  139 |     A8::f8(x);
      |            ^
p300.cpp:140:13: error: 'f8' is not a member of 'A8::X8'
  140 |     A8::X8::f8(x);
      |             ^~
p300.cpp:141:5: error: 'class A8::X8::Y8' is private within this context
  141 |     A8::X8::Y8::g8();
      |     ^~
p300.cpp:120:9: note: declared private here
  120 |   class Y8 {
      |         ^~
p300.cpp:141:17: error: 'g8' is not a member of 'A8::X8::Y8'
  141 |     A8::X8::Y8::g8();
      |                 ^~
p300.cpp: At global scope:
p300.cpp:156:15: error: expected ';' at end of member declaration
  156 | friend void a()
      |               ^
      |                ;
p300.cpp:160:9: error: 'Z9' does not name a type; did you mean 'X9'?
  160 | X9* px; Z9* pz;
      |         ^~
      |         X9
rm: cannot remove 'p300g': No such file or directory

$ g++ p300.cpp -std=c++2b -o p300g -I. -Wall
p300.cpp:65:9: error: 'C4' does not name a type
   65 | typedef C4 Ct;
      |         ^~
p300.cpp:67:12: error: 'C4' does not name a type
   67 |     friend C4;
      |            ^~
p300.cpp:76:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   76 | friend Ct;
      | ^~~~~~
      | ------
p300.cpp:76:8: error: 'Ct' does not name a type
   76 | friend Ct;
      |        ^~
p300.cpp:77:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   77 | friend D4;
      | ^~~~~~
      | ------
p300.cpp:77:8: error: 'D4' does not name a type
   77 | friend D4;
      |        ^~
p300.cpp:78:1: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   78 | friend class D4;
      | ^~~~~~
      | ------
p300.cpp:82:3: error: 'C' was not declared in this scope
   82 | R<C> rc;
      |   ^
p300.cpp:82:4: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   82 | R<C> rc;
      |    ^
p300.cpp:86:14: error: 'X5' has not been declared
   86 | friend char* X5::foo(int);
      |              ^~
p300.cpp:87:8: error: 'X5' does not name a type; did you mean 'Y5'?
   87 | friend X5::X5(char);
      |        ^~
      |        Y5
p300.cpp:88:8: error: 'X5' does not name a type; did you mean 'Y5'?
   88 | friend X5::~X5();
      |        ^~
      |        Y5
p300.cpp:93:5: error: 'friend' used outside of class
   93 |     friend void f() { }
      |     ^~~~~~
      |     ------
p300.cpp:93:17: error: redefinition of 'void f()'
   93 |     friend void f() { }
      |                 ^
p300.cpp:33:11: note: 'void f()' previously defined here
   33 |      void f() {
      |           ^
p300.cpp:94:1: error: expected declaration before '}' token
   94 | };
      | ^
p300.cpp: In member function 'void C7::f(A7*)':
p300.cpp:107:4: error: 'int A7::a' is private within this context
  107 | p->a++;
      |    ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: declared private here
  100 |     int a;
      |         ^
p300.cpp: In member function 'void D7::f7(A7*)':
p300.cpp:111:4: error: 'int A7::a' is private within this context
  111 | p->a++; // error: D is not a friend of A despite being derived from a friend
      |    ^
p300.cpp:100:9: note: declared private here
  100 |     int a;
      |         ^
p300.cpp: In function 'void A8::g8()':
p300.cpp:132:15: error: 'x' was not declared in this scope
  132 | void g8() { f(x); }
      |               ^
p300.cpp: At global scope:
p300.cpp:137:11: error: 'x' has not been declared in 'A8'
  137 | using A8::x;
      |           ^
p300.cpp: In function 'void h8()':
p300.cpp:139:12: error: 'x' was not declared in this scope
  139 |     A8::f8(x);
      |            ^
p300.cpp:140:13: error: 'f8' is not a member of 'A8::X8'
  140 |     A8::X8::f8(x);
      |             ^~
p300.cpp:141:5: error: 'class A8::X8::Y8' is private within this context
  141 |     A8::X8::Y8::g8();
      |     ^~
p300.cpp:120:9: note: declared private here
  120 |   class Y8 {
      |         ^~
p300.cpp:141:17: error: 'g8' is not a member of 'A8::X8::Y8'
  141 |     A8::X8::Y8::g8();
      |                 ^~
p300.cpp: At global scope:
p300.cpp:156:15: error: expected ';' at end of member declaration
  156 | friend void a()
      |               ^
      |                ;
p300.cpp:160:9: error: 'Z9' does not name a type; did you mean 'X9'?
  160 | X9* px; Z9* pz;
      |         ^~
      |         X9
```

## 検討事項(agenda)
コンパイルエラーの理由を解説する。

<|--コンパイルエラーを取るか、コンパイルエラーの理由を解説する。-->

# 参考資料(reference)

cpprefjp - C++日本語リファレンス

https://cpprefjp.github.io/

コンパイラの実装状況

https://cpprefjp.github.io/implementation-status.html


typedef は C++11 ではオワコン

https://qiita.com/Linda_pp/items/44a67c64c14cba00eef1

C99からC++14を駆け抜けるC++講座

https://qiita.com/yumetodo/items/e49a673afd9a3ecb81a8

## 自己参照(self reference)

C++ Error Message Collection(1)does not name a type, 11 articles

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/acb9f1a9b5aad6df06bd

dockerにclang

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/8829ffeee397eda50e80

docker gnu(gcc/g++) and llvm(clang/clang++)

https://qiita.com/drafts/059874ea39c4de64c0f7

コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

Compare the contents of C++N4910:2022, C++N4741:2018 and C++N4606:2015

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/483246d40f98abff7ded

C++ sample list

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54ad75b73825b7c04f86


clang++, g++コンパイルエラー方針の違いの例

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/ea6e5009fe126d270a82

astyle 使ってみた

https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3c9a87a781d53a1a23f3

C++N4606 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standardのコード断片をコンパイルするためにしていること
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a8d7ee2f2e29e76c19c1

コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

Clang/Clang++(LLVM) gcc/g++(GNU) コンパイラ警告等比較
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/9a82b958cc3aeef0403f

C++2003とC++2017でコンパイルエラーになるならない事例集
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a13ea3823441c430edff

Qiitaに投稿するCのStyle例(暫定)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/946df1528a6a1ef2bc0d

cpprefjpのdecltypeをコンパイル試験
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/090909af702f0d5d8a67

MISRA C++ 5-0-16
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/7df2d4e05db724752a74

C++ Templates Part1 BASICS Chapter 3. Class Templates 3.2 Use of Class Template Stack stack1test.cpp
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/cd5fc49106fad5a4e9ed

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1) All list(to be confirmed)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1

C言語（C++)に対する誤解、曲解、無理解、爽快。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3f3992c9722c1cee2e3a

C Puzzle Bookの有り難み5つ、C言語規格及びCコンパイラの特性を認識
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/d89a48c1536a02ecdec9

'wchar.h' file not found で困った clang++ macOS
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/de15cd46d657517fac11

Open POSIX Test Suiteの使い方を調べはじめました
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/644d5e407f5faf96e6dc

MISRA-C 2012 Referenceに掲載している文献の入手可能性を確認
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/96dc8b125e462d5575bb

どうやって MISRA Example Suiteをコンパイルするか
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fbdbff5ff696e2ca7f00

MISRA C まとめ #include <misra_c.h>
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/f1a79a7cbd281607c7c9

「C++完全理解ガイド」の同意できること上位10
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/aa5744e0c4a8618c7671


 ＜この記事は個人の過去の経験に基づく個人の感想です。現在所属する組織、業務とは関係がありません。＞

# 文書履歴(document history)
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