Google mapのPlaces APIで指定したエリア内にある特定の場所を調べてみよう！

# はじめに
この記事は、Google Map PlatformのPlaces APIを使って、ある指定したエリア内にある特定の場所を調べてみたというものです。

## Places API
* Places APIを使用すると、施設、有名なスポット、地理的な場所など、さまざまなカテゴリを使用して場所情報の検索ができます。
* 実は、このPlaces API いくつか検索する条件があります。
* 今回は、**ある指定したエリア内にある特定の場所**を調べてみたいので、[Nearby Search requests](https://developers.google.com/places/web-service/search#PlaceSearchRequests)という検索方法についてまとめていきます。

### Nearby Search requests

* 指定したエリア内の場所を検索できます。
* キーワードを指定するか、検索する場所のタイプを指定することで、検索リクエストを絞り込むことができます。

```
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/output?parameters
```

#### Requestパラメータ
<table>
<tr>
  <th>必須パラメータ</th>
  <th>説明</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>key</td>
  <td>アプリケーションのAPIキー</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>location</td>
  <td>場所情報を取得するための緯度/経度</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>radius</td>
  <td>場所の結果を返す距離（メートル単位）を定義します。最大許容半径は50000メートルです</td>
</tr>
</table>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>オプションパラメータ</th>
  <th>説明</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>keyword</td>
  <td>名前、種類、住所、カスタマーレビュー、その他のサードパーティコンテンツなど、Googleが検索された場所でインデックスに登録したすべてのコンテンツと照合する用語で絞り込める。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>language</td>
  <td>結果を返す言語を示す言語コード</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>minprice または maxprice</td>
  <td>お店などの(特に飲食店だと思われる)価格帯を絞り込める。有効な値の範囲は、0（最も手頃な価格）から4（最も高価）まで</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>name</td>
  <td>Googleが検索された場所のためにインデックスに登録したコンテンツと照合される用語で絞り込める。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>opennow</td>
  <td>クエリの送信時に営業している場所のみを返す。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>rankby</td>
  <td>結果が一覧表示される順序を指定します。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>type</td>
  <td>結果を指定されたタイプに一致する場所に制限する。指定できるタイプは1つだけです。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>pagetoken</td>
  <td>以前に実行した検索から最大20件の結果を返す。</td>
</tr>
</table>

[ちなみに利用できるTypeの種類は予め決められています。](https://developers.google.com/places/web-service/supported_types)

#### Responseパラメータ

<table>
<tr>
  <th>パラメータ</th>
  <th>説明</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>business_status</td>
  <td>それがビジネスである場合、その場所の運用状況を示す。データが存在しない場合、business_statusは返されない。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>icon</td>
  <td>この結果を示すときにユーザーに表示される可能性のある推奨アイコンのURLが含まれる。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>geometry</td>
  <td>結果に関するジオメトリ情報が含まれる。これには、locationとオプションでviewportと呼ばれるその場所の領域の識別が含まれる。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>plus_code</td>
  <td>緯度と経度の座標から導出されたエンコードされたロケーションの情報です。住所が存在しない場所（建物に番号が付けられていない、または通りに名前が付けられていない場所）の住所の代わりに使用できる。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>name</td>
  <td>名前</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>opening_hours</td>
  <td>opening_hoursはopen_nowを持ち、open_nowは、その場所が現在開いているかどうかを示すブール値です。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>photos[]</td>
  <td>	photoオブジェクトの配列です。それぞれに画像への参照が含まれています。場所検索では、最大で1つのphotoオブジェクトが返される。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>place_id</td>
  <td>場所を一意に識別するテキスト識別子</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>price_level</td>
  <td>0から4のスケールでの場所の価格レベル</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>rating</td>
  <td>集計されたユーザーレビューに基づく、1.0から5.0までの場所の評価が含まれる。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>types[]</td>
  <td>指定された結果を説明するタイプの配列が含まれる。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td>vicinity</td>
  <td>近くの場所(指定された結果内の道路または近隣を指す)の名前が含まれる。</td>
</tr>
</table>

### 実際に叩いてみよう！

* オプションパラメータのkeywordで[公園、広場、駅]などでorでつなげ検索する
* 場所を**御茶ノ水駅**にしました。

**Request**

```
curl -v -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/json?key=xxx&location=35.6987769,139.76471&radius=300&language=ja&keyword=公園OR広場OR駅'
```

**response**

```
{
   "html_attributions" : [],
   "results" : [
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.7011803,
               "lng" : 139.7662335
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.70210904999998,
                  "lng" : 139.7676165798927
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69889725,
                  "lng" : 139.7649169201073
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "お茶の水公園",
         "opening_hours" : {
            "open_now" : true
         },
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 3456,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/103833376207990259782\"\u003eNati B.\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwJcdfr2TMyPltvCsLURR82aua1BNqNIv1MzhlBaFOC7og4LG_2tkbUABIvSerlpmK4P_LK8k0b9FIABjZL4FwWndvdt2knVCXUV885tLLL8oI4XOV4XXbiIYVyv2Qb-2AKnCZ5SSZqVH2kQ00VhCxSJFAMfXB33a0S4q2cDijhtM82O",
               "width" : 4608
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJUdWeFBmMGGARJkazm0BpQSU",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "PQ28+FF 文京区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XPQ28+FF"
         },
         "rating" : 3.6,
         "reference" : "ChIJUdWeFBmMGGARJkazm0BpQSU",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [ "park", "tourist_attraction", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 126,
         "vicinity" : "文京区湯島１丁目４"
      },
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6971107,
               "lng" : 139.7671332
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69839487989272,
                  "lng" : 139.7684468798927
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69569522010728,
                  "lng" : 139.7657472201072
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "千代田区立淡路公園",
         "opening_hours" : {
            "open_now" : true
         },
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 3024,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/109149680774365682765\"\u003eT Sam\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwJ1p-8NvXjGbWI0ox9EaaiREKYhCnryvZSbxH1KBj7pBRqjVtBB7bUelN7Et_F9c_LnmGDEMwziK1kuZVcEVYeHz-OGKNo2di2UNWnohQvno9XG9G4H_mB-YIcOiN_jyjw1m6sNuPjKiYEeyRN36_0I0z4kLOrVRSYSxxn8EAEXF-9I",
               "width" : 4032
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJb_7IaRuMGGARavmrYh6B_5w",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "MQW8+RV 千代田区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XMQW8+RV"
         },
         "rating" : 3.9,
         "reference" : "ChIJb_7IaRuMGGARavmrYh6B_5w",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [ "park", "tourist_attraction", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 85,
         "vicinity" : "千代田区神田淡路町２−２７"
      },
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6978348,
               "lng" : 139.7605177
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69911267989272,
                  "lng" : 139.7618817298927
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69641302010728,
                  "lng" : 139.7591820701073
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "千代田区立錦華公園",
         "opening_hours" : {
            "open_now" : true
         },
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 2160,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/109424502250619644906\"\u003e佐々木新\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwLvQUg6JM1Kp4mVZCkRxxjSoGzq6gEgtsO_0TYno7USoOGP_vFiGKhKpyFxJs6qSoFMgj0fdfh-47RdnKaEwJBZBHCjqnj6hXCOtQMjC66IVtP6Q95oIcOeUqW74bKTkbwCsiVtRYRWYfstMvu0jVUVSVok6FdPukK06h1NH5Wz2hsl",
               "width" : 3840
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJcdybLheMGGARHDlzS-Sfd_M",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "MQX6+46 千代田区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XMQX6+46"
         },
         "rating" : 3.5,
         "reference" : "ChIJcdybLheMGGARHDlzS-Sfd_M",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [ "park", "tourist_attraction", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 183,
         "vicinity" : "千代田区神田猿楽町１丁目１−２"
      },
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6993854,
               "lng" : 139.7652479
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.70100652989272,
                  "lng" : 139.76648275
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69830687010727,
                  "lng" : 139.76236135
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/train-71.png",
         "name" : "御茶ノ水駅",
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 3024,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/116338321831503107923\"\u003e啓\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwJiVXWLHrRy6eLDfLN6DHCpYPv88iB8t_sbUmJdICXkI2ZlJDf8XBvzYFYzeaiOZp5vdqxqyGuNGnCOMFCPOcJU4XBQfDJqDdDo4uUexPiObFQpn86AWO66nf4sPX8xgJW_JebPDmtg0y6GN_54YP4wMDVNSUheVgEO3X-Hmv2w892E",
               "width" : 4032
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJebf-6hmMGGARH8tTXnEen_Y",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "MQX8+Q3 千代田区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XMQX8+Q3"
         },
         "rating" : 3.6,
         "reference" : "ChIJebf-6hmMGGARH8tTXnEen_Y",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [
            "train_station",
            "transit_station",
            "point_of_interest",
            "establishment"
         ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 464,
         "vicinity" : "千代田区神田駿河台２丁目"
      },
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6954821,
               "lng" : 139.7623758
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69685087989271,
                  "lng" : 139.7638475298927
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.69415122010727,
                  "lng" : 139.7611478701073
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "小川広場",
         "opening_hours" : {
            "open_now" : false
         },
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 3024,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/101254045355693320715\"\u003eA Google User\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwLL_Qp_nzE6aEaN5_cOeGiL1jaLg-WqYGbEzradt7e4XOmh-oC2spy8zd6KBhFV-5zmdMyqDHgXNO4mgIUMCe2n313N_Y-LotKl3q-VYv7ksRIq3V9mRDNk7gA9js8nKMra63WDJJ6uuwtBFw_S8pAI8L0S_v3sbJs2-n2Wi3MKvXvW",
               "width" : 4032
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJd2lidxCMGGARqEE0ey3opTo",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "MQW6+5X 千代田区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XMQW6+5X"
         },
         "rating" : 3.6,
         "reference" : "ChIJd2lidxCMGGARqEE0ey3opTo",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [ "park", "tourist_attraction", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 260,
         "vicinity" : "千代田区神田小川町３丁目６"
      },
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.701716,
               "lng" : 139.7699107
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.70310297989272,
                  "lng" : 139.7712342298927
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.70040332010728,
                  "lng" : 139.7685345701073
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "芳林公園",
         "opening_hours" : {
            "open_now" : false
         },
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 3120,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/107092815963920088818\"\u003eRyan John Ramos\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwLEskSd5iFVNONAiRW7-h4CsGSOldXHw9x9qvo-Lg5kOv4eNYwZiUgB8-mygLI7RxzO7w9Xpo30p0rudor1ZDyyNDIrQYe8F_1MFMz9DiV25t1QAcmRXCDwo4syxYqdlP-5Nnx2lr2pU2gykaY3o9NYXQJiiEuuw26CNY4q0_nYpuVm",
               "width" : 4208
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJ58mpjx6MGGARseWnPsaMkNI",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "PQ29+MX 千代田区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XPQ29+MX"
         },
         "rating" : 3.9,
         "reference" : "ChIJ58mpjx6MGGARseWnPsaMkNI",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [ "park", "tourist_attraction", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 541,
         "vicinity" : "千代田区外神田３丁目５−１８"
      },
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.7034218,
               "lng" : 139.7597653
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.70510397989272,
                  "lng" : 139.7611938298927
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.70240432010728,
                  "lng" : 139.7584941701073
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "本郷給水所公苑",
         "opening_hours" : {
            "open_now" : false
         },
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 2976,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/101839574071407325447\"\u003eのらねこ\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwLRZDGoUqFFQb0YfcI1FFxFDXYm4XX-j3zNbTtu7TYBarZXp6I5tW-5Ppyq4u5v3rulxEa5eANnSBUeddAsoDAVVbzuroDnkQRY0bV0RWeClk6Xp_d87gASekmicxstW7OHNRQeoDgLt2TsXJBSdM0Gm03E9frXUlxCi2k9xVKE5yRZ",
               "width" : 3968
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJ-QaFsj2MGGARj13PPjslWwg",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "PQ35+9W 文京区、東京都",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XPQ35+9W"
         },
         "rating" : 4,
         "reference" : "ChIJ-QaFsj2MGGARj13PPjslWwg",
         "scope" : "GOOGLE",
         "types" : [ "park", "tourist_attraction", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ],
         "user_ratings_total" : 192,
         "vicinity" : "文京区本郷２丁目７"
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}
```

* オプションパラメータのtypeをparkとし検索する
* こちらも場所を**御茶ノ水駅**にしました。

**Request**

```
curl -v -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/nearbysearch/json?key=xxx&location=35.6987769,139.76471&radius=300&language=ja&type=park'
```

**Response**

```
{
   "html_attributions" : [],
   "results" : [
      {
         "business_status" : "OPERATIONAL",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 35.6984342,
               "lng" : 139.7660774
            },
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6997831802915,
                  "lng" : 139.7674263802915
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 35.6970852197085,
                  "lng" : 139.7647284197085
               }
            }
         },
         "icon" : "https://maps.gstatic.com/mapfiles/place_api/icons/v1/png_71/park-71.png",
         "name" : "軍艦山",
         "photos" : [
            {
               "height" : 2184,
               "html_attributions" : [
                  "\u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/contrib/116496750426290157409\"\u003eHitomi\u003c/a\u003e"
               ],
               "photo_reference" : "ATtYBwLKBZhYnUREIaAVHVyTfEG9eIB7tSefNXI9Aq7WgBf1efBYhOMB9eOgldURpXrZIPmwkroePL2pkB-0M4ALMbKslNn_aPWuj3eBTZ3pBINTGB0fS4PScDmLjHVwh-ZRmpKFCBgZzBJFrQs6W4ttY2YrGIn-NhudzKNESFaByEavevU",
               "width" : 4608
            }
         ],
         "place_id" : "ChIJs1MYuRuMGGARGgwdoEuK-GU",
         "plus_code" : {
            "compound_code" : "MQX8+9C 日本、東京都千代田区",
            "global_code" : "8Q7XMQX8+9C"
         },
         "rating" : 4,
         "reference" : "ChIJs1MYuRuMGGARGgwdoEuK-GU",
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   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}
```

# 参考
[公式ドキュメント](https://developers.google.com/places/web-service/search#PlaceSearchRequests)