Qiitaのトレンド（ランキング）を取得してSlackに送信する

・Qiitaって勉強になるけど、わざわざ自分でWebページ行くの面倒やな。。
・Qiitaの今日のランキングを1ヶ月分集計して、タイトルや記事の中身を分析したい
・単純にPythonのスクレイピングしたい

とかとか思ってQiitaのトレンド（以下のページ）をスクレイピングで取得してSlackかなんかに飛ばせ
ばいんでね。とか思い、朝にちょこまか作りました！！
<img width="810" alt="Qiita.png" src="https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/253969/534ca65d-faac-a370-c496-1ac734a948a2.png">

よくよく見たら毎朝5時と17時に更新がかかっているようなので、バッチ化してあげれば良いかも（今回はしないけど）
とりあえずサクッと作っちゃいましょうー！！

>**このプログラムを作るまでのわい。**
>『QiitaってAPIを無料で公開してるし、ランキング形式を返却してくれるAPIもあるやろ！よっしゃ早速調べてみよ！！！
>
>............🤔？？？
>
>あれ見当たらないな。。。

**QiitaのAPI** 
[≫ Qiita Developer](https://qiita.com/api/v2/docs)

調べたら昔はあったらしいけど、廃止になったらしい。。。（まじか）
自分の最初の根底が覆された。（どないしよ）

>**QiitaのAPIが使えないと悟ったわい**
>『しゃーない！API使えないんだったらスクレイピングで取得したろ！！！
>
>Qiitaさん許してや！！！そんなサーバーに負荷かけない（1日2回くらいしかアクセスしないから！！』

## スクレイピングの動作環境
- Python 3.6.5
- Mac OS Mojave

上記の環境で動かしています。Pythonの環境構築は以下の記事でメモ書き程度ですが書いています。もし興味あれば是非。
[≫ MacでPython３系の環境構築](https://qiita.com/Daara_y/items/d7cf7c859342984b6e1c)

その他ライブラリとして<code>requests</code>, <code>json</code>, <code>bs4</code>を使用しています。
<code>pip install requests</code>とかでインストールできるので、別途おこなってください。

>環境構築すらめんどいわ

って人には「Colaboratory」がオススメ。環境構築なしでPythonを実行できます。
[≫ Colaboratory](https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/welcome.ipynb?hl=ja#scrollTo=-Rh3-Vt9Nev9)

## Qiitaのトレンド（ランキング）を取得する
よっしゃ！！早速QiitaのDOM構造のチェックや！！
<img width="1471" alt="qiita_dom.png" src="https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/253969/089ff8b5-7f42-bf31-2205-6a6720740911.png">

ほほん。。。🤔親要素にクラスが付いてへんけど、<code>tr-item</code>の部分をループで回せば全部楽勝で取得できそうやな！やってみよ！

```python:asahaka.py
import requests;
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup;

url = "https://qiita.com/"

headers = {
	"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 11_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/604.1.38 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/11.0 Mobile/15A372 Safari/604.1"
}

res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

# htmlをBeautifulSoupで扱う
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser")

print(soup)
```

--実行結果

```html

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```

あ。。。あれ？？？🤔欲しい<code>tr-item</code>の部分が存在せえへんぞ！！！どういうこっちゃ！！！！

>割とWebサイトをスクレピングしようとするとQiitaのように、アクセスしてもHTMLが描写されるタイミングがズレている場合があります。単純にそういう対策を取っているサイトは少なくありません。

このままでは何も出来へん。。。なんかヒントないか探し中------

----
うーん。。。。。なんかヒントないかなあ。
....あれ？？？カスタムデータ属性に記事と同じ内容にJSONが詰め込まれている。。。
<img width="1498" alt="Qiita.png" src="https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/253969/575c8b17-de06-cc6d-aee5-e55110317d34.png">

consoleでちょいと試し。。。
<img width="1645" alt="Qiita.png" src="https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/253969/659cd21c-b6d9-4e65-5113-850a3fa62bbe.png">

取れているやん！！！！ちゃんとJSON形式で埋め込まれているんやん！！！
実際に取れている値はこんな感じ

```JSON
{
    "trend": {
        "edges": [
            {
                "followingLikers": [],
                "isLikedByViewer": false,
                "isNewArrival": false,
                "hasCodeBlock": true,
                "node": {
                    "createdAt": "2019-11-23T00:47:30Z",
                    "likesCount": 298,
                    "title": "OpenCV をビジュアルプログラミングできるアプリを Electron + Vue.js で作成",
                    "uuid": "f3dc7d9a4174a2bad007",
                    "author": {
                        "profileImageUrl": "https://qiita-user-profile-images.imgix.net/https%3A%2F%2Favatars1.githubusercontent.com%2Fu%2F19924936%3Fv%3D4?ixlib=rb-1.2.2&auto=compress%2Cformat&lossless=0&w=48&s=81724a31e83f0b9fa0bed01d9bc6a5a8",
                        "urlName": "ufield"
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "followingLikers": [],
                "isLikedByViewer": false,
                "isNewArrival": false,
                "hasCodeBlock": false,
                "node": {
                    "createdAt": "2019-11-23T15:33:52Z",
                    "likesCount": 207,
                    "title": "グラブルのコミュニティが抱える課題をウェブアプリで解決して1日で6万PVを叩き出したときの話",
                    "uuid": "f0ff43cb7b9d41448a95",
                    "author": {
                        "profileImageUrl": "https://qiita-user-profile-images.imgix.net/https%3A%2F%2Fqiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com%2F0%2F64859%2Fprofile-images%2F1574522863?ixlib=rb-1.2.2&auto=compress%2Cformat&lossless=0&w=48&s=3bc0a583a635be5d0d60438740f1bfe2",
                        "urlName": "kfurumiya"
                    }
                }
            }
        ]
    },
    "scope": "daily"
}
```

光が見えてきたー！！！！！！:dancer_tone2:
URLの構造の部品や、記事のタイトルはtrend.edges.nodeの中にあるみたい。

```JSON
"node": {
    "createdAt": "2019-11-23T00:47:30Z",
    "likesCount": 298,
    "title": "OpenCV をビジュアルプログラミングできるアプリを Electron + Vue.js で作成",
    "uuid": "f3dc7d9a4174a2bad007",
    "author": {
        "profileImageUrl": "https://qiita-user-profile-images.imgix.net/https%3A%2F%2Favatars1.githubusercontent.com%2Fu%2F19924936%3Fv%3D4?ixlib=rb-1.2.2&auto=compress%2Cformat&lossless=0&w=48&s=81724a31e83f0b9fa0bed01d9bc6a5a8",
        "urlName": "ufield"
    }
}
```

このJSONを取得すれば余裕で処理書けるわー！！ほんじゃ早速書いていこう！！！

```python:qiita.py
import requests;
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup;

url = "https://qiita.com/"

headers = {
	"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 11_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/604.1.38 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/11.0 Mobile/15A372 Safari/604.1"
}

# 空で置いておく
item_json = []
result = []

res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

# htmlをBeautifulSoupで扱う
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser")

# JSONがある部分を取得する
items = soup.find(class_="p-home_main")

# JSONがあるデータ属性があったら取得する
for items in soup.find_all():
	if "data-hyperapp-props" in items.attrs:
		item_json.append(items["data-hyperapp-props"])

# jsonをlist化（PHPでいうjson_decode的なやつ）
items = json.loads(item_json[1])

# 欲しいのはnodeというkeyの部分だけなのでこれだけ取得する
for edges in items['trend']['edges']:
    result.append(edges['node'])

for v in result:
  text = 'タイトル：' + v['title'] + '\n'
  text += 'いいね数:' + str(v['likesCount']) + '\n'
  text += 'URL:' + url + v['author']['urlName'] + '/items/' + v['uuid'] + '\n'
  text += '###############################'
  # ログ用に出力
  print(text)
```

----実行結果

```text
タイトル：エンジニアが活用したい情報リソースまとめ
いいね数:896
URL:https://qiita.com/EaE/items/eb8f28223c9c2926b44f
###############################
タイトル：「何がわからないのかわからない」は何がわからないのか
いいね数:252
URL:https://qiita.com/K_Noko_224/items/745ecc0b604fd71177df
###############################
タイトル：「ループ・再帰・gotoを使わず1から100までの数値を印字する」Conner Davis 氏の回答の考察
いいね数:317
URL:https://qiita.com/xtetsuji/items/19d07c629852876da401
###############################
タイトル：開発者なら知っておくべき 11 のコンソールコマンド
いいね数:258
URL:https://qiita.com/baby-degu/items/abe4adb81750e13362e2
###############################
タイトル：【SES】ドナドナされる時の面談時に地雷案件をなるべく避けるための確認ポイント7選(iOS/Androidアプリ開発)
いいね数:238
URL:https://qiita.com/homunuz/items/1623879a0d3c87d23960
###############################
タイトル：Terraformアンチパターン(2019年版)
いいね数:130
URL:https://qiita.com/m22r/items/7d80d149e3fb3494c1d4
```

おけい！！！取れたわ！！！！
これをSlackとかに送信しよ！！！！

## スクレイピングした結果をSlackに送信する

slackにはWebhookのURLが用意されていて、そのURLを指定すればチャットに簡単に送信することが出来ます。
slackのWebhookのURLの仕方や登録の仕方はブログに書いてるので、もし良ければ見てね！！

[≫ PythonでSlackのBotを作成してみよう](https://dara-blog.com/python-programming1)

上記でスクレイピングで取得した結果をslackに送信するためには、post送信で指定のURLに送ってあげれば良いだけ！！

```python:post.py
web_hook_url = 'https://hooks.slack.com/services/hogehoge/****/*****'

requests.post(web_hook_url, data = json.dumps({
    'text': text, # 送りたい内容
    'username': 'Qiita-Bot',  # botの名前
}));
```

この内容を上記のプログラムに当て込むと.....

```python:qiita.py
import requests;
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup;

url = 'https://qiita.com/'
web_hook_url = 'slackで取得したhookのURL'

headers = {
	"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 11_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/604.1.38 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/11.0 Mobile/15A372 Safari/604.1"
}

# 空で置いておく
item_json = []
result = []

res = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

# htmlをBeautifulSoupで扱う
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser")

# JSONがある部分を取得する
items = soup.find(class_="p-home_main")

# JSONがあるデータ属性があったら取得する
for items in soup.find_all():
	if "data-hyperapp-props" in items.attrs:
		item_json.append(items["data-hyperapp-props"])

# jsonをlist化（PHPでいうjson_decode的なやつ）
items = json.loads(item_json[1])

# 欲しいのはnodeというkeyの部分だけなのでこれだけ取得する
for edges in items['trend']['edges']:
    result.append(edges['node'])

for v in result:
  text = 'タイトル：' + v['title'] + '\n'
  text += 'いいね数:' + str(v['likesCount']) + '\n'
  text += 'URL:' + url + v['author']['urlName'] + '/items/' + v['uuid'] + '\n'
  text += '###############################'
  # ログ用に出力
  print(text)

  requests.post(web_hook_url, data = json.dumps({
    'text': text,
    'username': 'Qiita-Bot',
   }));
```

プログラムちょっと汚いけどまあええやろ！！！！
これを実際に実行すると以下のような感じで無事に送信されます。

<img width="1672" alt="post_slack_bash.png" src="https://qiita-image-store.s3.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/0/253969/bf9bfad7-df9b-d7bd-d3b2-45d1bcd49648.png">

やった！！！！！！！でけたわ！！！！

<code>pandas</code>とかのライブラリを使用すればcsv出力も出来るし、データ収集できそう。
これでわいもQiitaマスター。