Autosar Guidelines C++14, example code compile list(127)Rule A15-2-1 Constructors that are not noexcept

Guidelines for the use of the C++14 language in critical and
safety-related systems Sample code compile list(127)
https://www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/adaptive/17-03/AUTOSAR_RS_CPP14Guidelines.pdf
Autosar Guidelines C++14, example code compile list will be listed.
#目的(purpose)
AutosarのC++ GuidelineをOS, 制御のプログラムで利用するにあたって、以下を検討する。
(1)hosted, freestandingのどちらを基本にすべきか。(2)C++2014,C++2017, C++202aのどれを用いると良いか。
(3)どの処理系を併用すると良いか。
-std=c++14, -std=c++17, -std=c++2aの3種類で、複数のコンパイラでコンパイルすることにより、誤(error)、警告(warning)、関数・変数連携(link)、出力(output)、にどのような影響があるかを確認する。
#成果(outcome)
複数の処理系の特徴が明確になる。
各標準段階の違いを明確にする。
hostedまたはfreestandingの特徴と課題を明確にする。


#A15-2-1.cpp
##算譜(source code)

```c++:A15-2-1.cpp
//Guidelines for the use of the C++14 language in critical and safety-related systems
const char* msg="Rule A15-2-1 (required, implementation, automated) Constructors that are not noexcept shall not be invoked before program startup.(127)A15-2-1.cpp";
//https://www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/adaptive/17-03/AUTOSAR_RS_CPP14Guidelines.pdf
// There is no description about Autosar declear hosted or freestanding.
// If the Autosar intended both depending on the cases, autosar.h can choose one.
// Compile with -DHOSTED work as  hosted environment, -DFREESTANDING work as freestanding.

#include "autosar.h"/// @line add header file https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/4bde8f21ab059b96cf2a

using namespace std;/// @line add using

/// @ start AUTOSAR: From here to the "///end AUTOSAR" are from the AUTOSAR code without some code having /// comment in line.
//% $Id: A15-2-1.cpp 271927 2017-03-24 12:01:35Z piotr.tanski $
#include <cstdint>
#include <stdexcept>
class A
{
public:
  A() noexcept : x(0)
  {
// ...
  }
  explicit A(std::int32_t n) : x(n)
  {
// ...
    throw std::runtime_error("Unexpected error");
  }
  A(std::int32_t i, std::int32_t j) noexcept : x(i + j)
  {
    try
    {
// ...
      throw std::runtime_error("Error");
// ...
    }

    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
    }
  }
  void f() {
    cout <<"x="<<x<<endl;/// @ line for output
  }
private:
  std::int32_t x;
};
static A a1; // Compliant - default constructor of type A is noexcept
static A a2(5); // Non-compliant - constructor of type A throws, and the
// exception will not be caught by the handler in main function
static A a3(5, 10); // Compliant - constructor of type A is noexcept, it
// handles exceptions internally
int main(int, char**)
{
  try
  {
// program code
  }
  catch (...)
  {
// Handle exceptions
  }

/// return 0; /// @ comment for output
/// } /// @ comment for output
/// @ end AUTOSAR
///int start() { /// @{} for start
  cout<< msg << endl;
  ShutdownOS()  EXIT_SUCCESS;
/// Autosar OS 3.1.1, 2009: 7.1.2.2 Undefined Behaviour in OSEK OS
/// OS425 If ShutdownOS is called and ShutdownHook() returns then the operating system shall disable all interrupts and enter an endless loop.
}
```
##編纂・実行結果(compile and go)

```shell-session:cpa.sh
$ ../cpa.sh a15-2-1
$ clang++ a15-2-1.cpp -I./ -std=c++14 -Wall
libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type std::runtime_error: Unexpected error
../cpa.sh: line 7: 66048 Abort trap: 6           ./$1l14 $2
$ clang++ a15-2-1.cpp  -I./ -std=c++17 -Wall
libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type std::runtime_error: Unexpected error
../cpa.sh: line 13: 66053 Abort trap: 6           ./$1l17 $2
$ clang++ a15-2-1.cpp  -I./ -std=c++2a -Wall
libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type std::runtime_error: Unexpected error
../cpa.sh: line 19: 66058 Abort trap: 6           ./$1l2a $2

$ g++-8 a15-2-1.cpp  -I./ -std=c++14  -Wall
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error'
  what():  Unexpected error
../cpa.sh: line 26: 66068 Abort trap: 6           ./$1g14 $2
$ g++-8 a15-2-1.cpp  -I./ -std=c++17  -Wall
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error'
  what():  Unexpected error
../cpa.sh: line 32: 66078 Abort trap: 6           ./$1g17 $2
$ g++-8 a15-2-1.cpp  -I./ -std=c++2a  -Wall
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error'
  what():  Unexpected error
../cpa.sh: line 38: 66088 Abort trap: 6           ./$1g2a $2

```
#検討事項(agenda)
###1. 自律(freestanding)環境. 接待(hosted)環境

C++N4606 1.4 Implementation compliance p.4

###2. 対応OSの水準、対応通信規約、応用機能による分類
freestanding用の関数、ライブラリ等
###3. C++2014, C++2017, C++202aの比較項目
本件なし
###4. clang++, g++の比較検討項目
本件なし

###5. 実行時エラーの取り方

###6. 役立つまたは意味のある出力

#参考文献(reference)
###C++N4741 2018
Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4741.pdf

C++N4741, 2018 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882 sample code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3294c014044550896010

###C++N4606 2016
Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf

C++N4606, 2016符号断片編纂一覧(example code compile list)
 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882(1)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/

#文書履歴
ver 0.10 初稿 20180612