Dockerでサクっとローカル開発環境(LAMP + Laravel)を構築する

##概要
Docker(docker-compose)でOSのimageからサクっとローカル開発環境(LAMP + Laravel)を構築する

##検証した環境
Windows10 Pro (Docker for Windows)
Linux mint 18.2

##Dockerで構築する環境
CentOS7.4.1708
PHP7.2
Laravel5.5
Apache
MySQL5.7
phpMyAdmin


#最終的なディレクトリ構成
docker-laravel/
├── apache-php/
│　　├── Dockerfile
│　　└── apache.conf
├── lara-d # Laravelアプリケーションのディレクトリ
└── docker-compose.yml

## docker-compose.ymlの記述
```yaml:docker-compose.yml
version: "3"
services:
  web:
    build:
      context: ./apache-php
    ports: 
      - 80:80
    privileged: true
    volumes:
      - "./:/var/www/html"
    container_name: "apache-php"
```

## Dockerfileの記述
```sh:Dockerfile
FROM centos:7.4.1708

RUN yum -y update

# 外部リポジトリ（EPEL, Remi）を追加
RUN yum -y install epel-release
RUN yum -y install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

# apache その他 phpパッケージを導入
RUN yum -y install httpd
RUN yum -y install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php72 php php-cli php-common php-devel php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-mysqlnd php-pdo php-pear php-pecl-apcu php-soap php-xml php-xmlrpc 
RUN yum -y install zip unzip

# composerのインストール
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
RUN mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]

WORKDIR /var/www/html
```

## Dockerfileのbuildおよびdocker-composeの立ち上げ

docker-compose.ymlの同ディレクトリで以下を実行

```
sudo docker-compose build
sudo docker-compose up -d
```
http://localhost/
にアクセスすると、apacheのデフォルト画面が確認できる

docker-compose.ymlの同ディレクトリにindex.phpを設置して、
http://localhost/
にアクセスすると、phpinfo画面が確認できる

```php:index.php
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
```

## apache.confの作成
```
sudo docker-compose exec web bash
```
を実行し、apache-phpコンテナ内に入って以下を実行し、httpd.confファイルを全てコピーして
apache.confを作成する。

```
cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
```
コピー内容が長くて面倒なので、ホストにそのまま出力すると楽。

```
cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf > /var/www/html/apache.conf
```

```conf:apache.conf
#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log'
# with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the
# server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be
# interpreted as '/log/access_log'.

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all denied
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

<IfModule mime_magic_module>
    #
    # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
    # contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
    # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
    #
    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
```


## Laravelアプリケーションの作成
docker-compose.ymlの同ディレクトリで以下を実行

```
sudo docker-compose exec web composer create-project "laravel/laravel=5.5.*" lara-d
```
「lara-d」という名でLaravelアプリケーションが作成できたことを確認する

##docker-compose.ymlの修正
docker-compose.ymlを以下のように修正

```yaml:docker-compose.yml
version: "3"
services:
  web:
    build:
      context: ./apache-php
    ports: 
      - 80:80
    privileged: true
    links:
      - db
    volumes:
      - "./lara-d/:/var/www/html"
      - "./apache-php/apache.conf:/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf"
    container_name: "apache-php"
  db:
    image: mysql:5.7
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root
    container_name: "mysql5.7"
  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest
    links:
      - db
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      - PMA_ARBITRARY=1
      - PMA_HOST=db
      - PMA_USER=root
      - PMA_PASSWORD=root
    container_name: "phpmyamin-la"
```

## apache.confの修正
apache.confを以下のように修正する

```conf:apache.conf
#119
- DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
+ DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/public"

#124
- <Directory "/var/www">
+ <Directory "/var/www/html/public">

#125
- AllowOverride None
+ AllowOverride All

追加
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
```

修正後
docker-compose.ymlの同ディレクトリで再度以下のコマンドを実行

```
sudo docker-compose build
sudo docker-compose up -d
```

http://localhost/
にアクセスすると、Laravelのデフォルト画面が確認できる。
http://localhost:8080/
にアクセスすると、phpMyAdminの画面が確認できる。

## DB作成およびLaravelのマイグレーション
phpMyAdminからDB「homestead」を「utf8mb4_unicode_ci」で作成。
Laravelアプリケーションの.envを以下のように変更

```.:.env
#9
- DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
+ DB_HOST=mysql5.7

#12
- DB_USERNAME=homestead
+ DB_USERNAME=root

#13
- DB_PASSWORD=secret
+ DB_PASSWORD=root
```

修正後
docker-compose.ymlの同ディレクトリで再度以下のコマンドを実行

```
sudo docker-compose exec web php artisan make:auth
sudo docker-compose exec web php artisan migrate
```

http://localhost/
にアクセスし、Registerリンクをクリックして以下の画面が出て、ユーザー登録ができれば完了。
![laravel-register.png](https://qiita-image-store.s3.amazonaws.com/0/133718/bb12e0d0-f17f-3e1b-4177-84ea2b32e7fc.png)


##Laravelデフォルト画面でエラーが発生する場合
Docker for Windowsでは発生しなかったが、Linux mint環境下では発生した。
docker-compose.ymlの同ディレクトリで以下のコマンドで対応。

```shell
sudo docker-compose exec web chmod 777 storage -R
```

##全ソースコード
https://github.com/ProjectEuropa/lamp-docker
**ubuntuブランチにはubuntuイメージから作成したコードがあります。