VPS上のCentOS 7にRails環境を構築する


RailsアプリをCentOSのApache上でサブディレクトリ(hogehoge.com/piyo)で動作させる方法についてまとめてみました。
[環境]CentOS7、Ruby2.1.4、Rails4.1.7、rbenv0.4.0-129-g7e0e85b、Passenger4.0.531
##必要なソフトウェアのインストール

```
$ sudo yum -y update && sudo yum -y install git sqlite sqlite-devel httpd-devel curl-devel apr-devel apr-util-devel libffi-devel openssh
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: www.ftp.ne.jp
 * extras: www.ftp.ne.jp
 * updates: www.ftp.ne.jp
~~略~~
完了しました!
```
##rbenv、ruby-build、Rubyのインストール

```
$ cd /usr/local
$ sudo git clone git://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv.git
Cloning into 'rbenv'...
remote: Counting objects: 2002, done.
remote: Total 2002 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (2002/2002), 318.88 KiB | 186.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1249/1249), done.
$ sudo mkdir rbenv/plugins && cd rbenv/plugins
$ sudo git clone git://github.com/sstephenson/ruby-build.git
Cloning into 'ruby-build'...
remote: Counting objects: 4031, done.
remote: Total 4031 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (4031/4031), 701.51 KiB | 267.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2043/2043), done.


$ sudo visudo -f /etc/sudoers.d/rbenv

#↓追加
Defaults !secure_path
Defaults env_keep += "PATH RBENV_ROOT"

$ sudo vim /etc/profile.d/rbenv.sh

#↓追加
export RBENV_ROOT="/usr/local/rbenv"
export PATH="${RBENV_ROOT}/bin:${PATH}"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"

#ここまでできたら一度ログアウトし再度ログインしてください。

$ sudo chmod -R 777 /usr/local/rbenv
$ rbenv install 2.1.4 #他のバージョンでも可
Downloading ruby-2.1.4.tar.gz...
-> http://
Installing ruby-2.1.4...


$ rbenv global 2.1.4 #他のバージョンをインストールした場合はそのバージョンを指定する
$ rbenv rehash
```
##必要なgemのインストール

```
$ gem install rails passenger therubyracer sqlite3 bundler
Fetching: thread_safe-0.3.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed thread_safe-0.3.4
Fetching: tzinfo-1.2.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed tzinfo-1.2.2
~~略~~
33 gems installed
```
##passengerモジュールをApacheにインストール

```
$ sudo passenger-install-apache2-module
/usr/local/rbenv/versions/2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/passenger-4.0.53/bin/passenger-install-apache2-module:42: warning: Insecure world writable dir /usr/local/rbenv/versions/2.1.4/bin in PATH, mode 040777
Welcome to the Phusion Passenger Apache 2 module installer, v4.0.53.

This installer will guide you through the entire installation process. It
shouldn't take more than 3 minutes in total.

Here's what you can expect from the installation process:

 1. The Apache 2 module will be installed for you.
 2. You'll learn how to configure Apache.
 3. You'll learn how to deploy a Ruby on Rails application.

Don't worry if anything goes wrong. This installer will advise you on how to
solve any problems.

Press Enter to continue, or Ctrl-C to abort.
#enterを押す

--------------------------------------------

Which languages are you interested in?

Use <space> to select.
If the menu doesn't display correctly, press '!'

 ‣ ⬢  Ruby
   ⬢  Python
   ⬡  Node.js
   ⬡  Meteor
#enterを押す

--------------------------------------------

Checking for required software...

 * Checking for C compiler...
      Found: yes
      Location: /usr/bin/cc
 * Checking for C++ compiler...
      Found: yes
      Location: /usr/bin/c++
 * Checking for Curl development headers with SSL support...
~~略~~

--------------------------------------------
Almost there!

Please edit your Apache configuration file, and add these lines:

   LoadModule passenger_module /usr/local/rbenv/versions/2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/passenger-4.0.53/buildout/apache2/mod_passenger.so
   <IfModule mod_passenger.c>
     PassengerRoot /usr/local/rbenv/versions/2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/passenger-4.0.53
     PassengerDefaultRuby /usr/local/rbenv/versions/2.1.4/bin/ruby
   </IfModule>

After you restart Apache, you are ready to deploy any number of web
applications on Apache, with a minimum amount of configuration!

Press ENTER to continue.
#enterを押す


--------------------------------------------

Deploying a web application: an example

Suppose you have a web application in /somewhere. Add a virtual host to your
Apache configuration file and set its DocumentRoot to /somewhere/public:

   <VirtualHost *:80>
      ServerName www.yourhost.com
      # !!! Be sure to point DocumentRoot to 'public'!
      DocumentRoot /somewhere/public    
      <Directory /somewhere/public>
         # This relaxes Apache security settings.
         AllowOverride all
         # MultiViews must be turned off.
         Options -MultiViews
         # Uncomment this if you're on Apache >= 2.4:
         #Require all granted
      </Directory>
   </VirtualHost>

And that's it! You may also want to check the Users Guide for security and
optimization tips, troubleshooting and other useful information:

  /usr/local/rbenv/versions/2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/passenger-4.0.53/doc/Users guide Apache.html
  https://www.phusionpassenger.com/documentation/Users%20guide%20Apache.html

Enjoy Phusion Passenger, a product of Phusion (www.phusion.nl) :-)
https://www.phusionpassenger.com

Phusion Passenger is a trademark of Hongli Lai & Ninh Bui.
```
##Apacheへの設定追加

```
$ passenger-install-apache2-module --snippet > ~/passenger.conf
$ sudo mv ~/passenger.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/
$ sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/rails.conf

NameVirtualHost *:80
<VirtualHost *:80>
    PassengerEnabled On
    RailsEnv development
    RailsBaseURI /hellorails
</VirtualHost>
#↑追加

$ sudo systemctl restart httpd
```
##テスト用のRailsアプリの作成

```
$ sudo mkdir /var/www/app && sudo chmod 777 /var/www/app && cd /var/www/app
$ rails new hellorails
      create  
      create  README.rdoc
      create  Rakefile
      create  config.ru
      create  .gitignore
      create  Gemfile
~~略~~
Your bundle is complete!
Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
         run  bundle exec spring binstub --all
* bin/rake: spring inserted
* bin/rails: spring inserted

$ cd hellorails
$ vim Gemfile

# gem 'therubyracer',  platforms: :ruby
#↓javascriptランタイムを有効にする
gem 'therubyracer',  platforms: :ruby

$ cd /var/www/html
$ ln -s /var/www/app/hellorails/public hellorails
```
##SELinuxの無効化

```
$ sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   enforcing
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      28
$ sudo vim /etc/selinux/config 
#↑/etc/sysconfig/selinux ではなく

SELINUX=enforcing
#↓デフォルトの起動モードを変更
SELINUX=permissive

$ setenforce 0
```

http://[ドメイン名]/hellorails
でテストアプリへアクセスできるはずです。

##参考リンク

[rbenvをシステムワイドにインストールする » つくば日記(仮)](http://office.tsukuba-bunko.org/ppoi/entry/systemwide-rbenv)
[rbenv+ruby-buildをインストールする手順 (CentOS/RedHat) | WEB ARCH LABO](http://weblabo.oscasierra.net/install-rbenv-rubybuild-to-redhat/)
[CentOSにPassenger/Ruby2.0/Rails4.0をインストールしてみる(rbenv版) - yk5656 diary](http://d.hatena.ne.jp/yk5656/20131223/1387799981)
[Linux（CentOS）のApache＋PassengerでRuby on Railsを動かす](http://itmemo.net-luck.com/linux-centos-apache-passenger/)
[Apache 2.2 に Phusion Passenger をプラグインする手順 (CentOS/RedHat) | WEB ARCH LABO](http://weblabo.oscasierra.net/install-phusion-passenger-to-redhat/)
[Redmine 2.5をCentOS 6.5にインストールする手順 | Redmine.JP Blog](http://blog.redmine.jp/articles/2_5/installation_centos/)
[5.4. SELINUX の有効化および無効化](https://access.redhat.com/documentation/ja-JP/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Security-Enhanced_Linux/sect-Security-Enhanced_Linux-Working_with_SELinux-Enabling_and_Disabling_SELinux.html)