ボリス・ティシチェンコ

ボリス・イヴァノヴィチ・ティシチェンコまたはボリース・イヴァーノヴィチ・ティーシチェンコ（, Boris Ivanovich Tishchenko, 1939年3月23日 - 2010年12月9日）はロシアの作曲家。

 経歴 
レニングラード（現サンクトペテルブルク）生まれ。レニングラード音楽院でドミートリイ・ショスタコーヴィチ、ガリーナ・ウストヴォーリスカヤ他に学んだ。1965年にレニングラード音楽院の教職に就き、1986年に教授に就任。弟子に入野賞受賞者のボリス・フィラノフスキーがいる。

「ショスタコーヴィチの証言」で知られるソロモン・ヴォルコフをショスタコーヴィチに紹介したのはティシチェンコであった。思想的、哲学的内容を感じさせるような音楽を書こうとする傾向は師であるショスタコーヴィチを受け継いでいる。

 作風 
大学院時代に書かれた「チェロ協奏曲第1番」は、当初は独奏以外に17管楽器と打楽器、ハーモニウムという編成であったが、編成の特異さから演奏機会が少ないことを嘆いたショスタコーヴィチによって通常の管弦楽版が作成された（作品134a）。ショスタコーヴィチのチェロ協奏曲第1番は、この曲からの影響で作曲されたとも言われている。ちなみにチェロ協奏曲第2番もまた48のチェロ、12のコントラバスに打楽器というかなり異様な編成である（ただし作曲者自身による通常の管弦楽版もある）。

「チューブラー・ベルとグロッケンを伴うピアノソナタ第7番」はチューブラー・ベルが音数を一音ずつ増やしつつクレッシェンドし、最高潮に到達したところでピアノのクラスターと和音が弔鐘のようにゆっくりと連打される。一種の宗教的な雰囲気をかもし出すものの、ピアノソロになった部分では突如としてドミソの三和音連打で新古典的展開が始まり、楽曲の統一が取られない点に、当時のソ連の体制によって自由な創作を制限された音楽家の状況が垣間見られるが、これをアルフレート・シュニトケのポリスタイリズムと同様のものと見ることもできる。

 ピアノ作品 
作曲家本人もピアノの名手であり、録音ものこされている。ピアノソナタの録音はほぼ別のピアニストを雇っている。現在はピアノソナタ全曲の録音がノーザンフラワーズから改めてリリースされる予定である。

 晩年 
ダンテのための交響曲を五つ書くと宣言し、実行したのち、2010年12月9日、長い闘病生活の末にこの世を去った。

作曲作品

舞台作品
Newly-Ploughed Virgin Soil, incidental music, Op. 16 
The Twelve, ballet in four acts, Op. 25 
The Death of Pushkin, dramatic music, Op. 38 
Fly-Bee, ballet in one act, Op 39 
The Stolen Sun, opera in one act, Op. 40 (libretto by Mikhail Bialik, Z. Korogodsky and B. Tishchenko, after the tale by Korney Chukovsky)
A Cockroach, musical comedy in one act, Op. 41 (libretto by Z. Korogodsky, after the tale by Korney Chukovsky)
The Choice, music to A. Arbuzov's Play, Op. 51 
That One Who Gets a Slap, music to L. Andreyev's play, Op. 55 
Circus Suite, from the above, Op. 55a 
Yaroslavna (The Eclipse), ballet in three acts, Op. 58 
Advice and Love, music to V. Tendriakov's play, Op. 60 
A Lark, incidental music for J. Anouilh's play, Op. 62 
Rosa Bernd, music to G. Hauptman's play, Op. 65 
The Children of the Sun, music to M. Gorky's play, Op. 66 
An Ignoramus, music to D. Fonvizin's play, Op. 68 
The Seven Call Signs, Op. 70 (music for the Olympic Games in 1980, but not used)
Ivanov, music to A. Chekhov's play, Op. 72 
An Emigrant from Brisbane, music to G. Shekhade's play, Op. 73 
Richard the Third, music to W. Shakespeare's play, Op. 74 
A Shore, music to Yu. Bondarev's play, Op. 75 
Excuse Me, music to V. Astafiev's play, Op. 78 
Continuation of Don Juan, music to A. Radzinsky's play, Op. 82 
Rumours, music to A. Salinsky's play, Op. 88 
Such a Long Winter, music to Yu. Voronov's play, Op. 89 
Light but not Heat, music to A. Ostrovsky's play, Op. 95 
The Three Sisters, music to Chekhov's play, Op. 102 
The Dog's Heart, music to Chervinsky's play, Op. 103 
The Event, music to Nabokov's play, Op. 110 
George Dandin, Music to Molière's play, Op 117 
Boris Godunov, music for Pushkin's tragedy, Op. 126 
Duel, music for drama production after A. Chekhov, Op. 134 

映画音楽
On One Planet, Op. 33 
Birth of a Ship, Op. 43 
The Pier of That Shore, Op. 49 
The Word about Prince Igor Troop, Op. 50 (not released)
The Day of Reception on Personal Issues, Op. 59 
The Children As Children, Op. 71 
Light in a Window, Op. 79 
Sergei Ivanovich is Retiring, Op. 80 
Yet before the War, Op. 86 (not used)
Fires, Op. 91 
Igor Savovich, Op. 100 
Lost Time, Op. 107 

管弦楽作品
Symphonies
Symphony No. 1, Op. 20 
Symphony No. 2, Op. 28 
Symphony No. 3, Op. 36 
Symphony No. 4, with narrator, Op. 61 
Symphony No. 5, Op. 67 
Symphony No. 6, for soprano, contralto and symphony orchestra, Op 105 
Symphony No. 7, Op. 119 
Symphony No. 8 
Symphony No. 9 "fragment" (2010/13)
Praeludium e Fugue, for string orchestra, Op. 7 
A French Symphony, Op. 12/116 (1958, rev. 1993)
Danaide, symphonic poem, Op. 24 
Octaves, Op. 26 
Palekh, Op. 34 
Sinfonia Robusta, Op. 46 
Praeludium in E, symphonic piece, Op. 87 (Dedicated to the jubilee of Y. Mravinsky's orchestra)
The Blockade Chronicle, a symphony for full orchestra, Op.92 
Concerto Alla Marcia, for sixteen soloists, Op. 106 
Beatrice (Choreo-symphonic cycle, 1998–2005)
 Dante Symphony No. 1 ("Among the living"), Op. 123 No. 1 
 Dante Symphony No. 2 ("Abandon Hope, All Ye Who Enter Here"), Op. 123 No. 2 
 Dante Symphony No. 3 ("Inferno"), Op. 123 No. 3 
 Dante Symphony No. 4 ("Purgatory"), Op. 123 No. 4 
 Dante Symphony No. 5 ("Paradise"), Op. 123 No. 5 
Pushkin Symphony, Op. 125 
Huge Sonata for string orchestra, Op. 132 
Variations on three themes by D. Shostakovich for symphony orchestra, Op. 143 

協奏作品
Piano Concerto, Op. 21 
Violin Concerto No. 1, Op. 9/29 (1958, rev. 1964)
Violin Concerto No. 2, Op. 84 
Cello Concerto No. 1, for solo cello, 17 wind instruments, percussion, and harmonium, Op. 23 (Also orchestrated by Dmitri Shostakovich in 1969)
Cello Concerto No. 2, for solo cello, 48 cellos, 12 double-basses, and percussion, Op. 44 (1969, rearranged for orchestra in 1979)
Concerto for Flute, Piano and String Orchestra, Op. 54 
Harp Concerto, Op. 69 
Concerto for Violin, Piano and String Orchestra, Op. 144 

ピアノ独奏作品
Variations for piano, Op. 1 
Piano Sonatas
Piano Sonata No. 1, Op. 3/121 (1957, rev. 1995)
Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 17 
Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 32 
Piano Sonata No. 4, Op. 53 
Piano Sonata No. 5, Op. 56 
Piano Sonata No. 6, Op. 64 
Piano Sonata No. 7, with bells, Op. 85 
Piano Sonata No. 8, Op. 99 
Piano Sonata No. 9, Op. 114 
Piano Sonata No. 10, Op. 124 
Piano Sonata NO. 11, Op. 151 
Suite for Piano No. 1, Op. 4 
Suite for Piano No. 2, Op. 6 
A Muleteer, fable for piano, Op. 11 
Three Riddles for Piano, Op. 19 
Eight Portraits for Piano 4-hands, Op. 122b 
Invasion, concert étude for piano on the theme of P. Dvoirin, Op. 131 
Muddle, concert étude for piano on the theme of P. Dvoirin, Op. 133 

独奏作品
Sonata for Solo Violin No. 1, Op. 5 
Sonata for Solo Violin No. 2, Op. 63 
Sonata for Solo Cello No. 1, Op. 18 
Sonata for Solo Cello No. 2, Op. 76 
Sonata for Solo Cello No. 3, Op. 136 
Rondo for Violin and Piano, Op 2 
Twelve Inventions for Organ, Op. 27 
Capriccio for Violin and Piano, Op. 31 
Two Pieces for Percussion, Op. 45 
Four Pieces for Tuba solo, Op. 94 
Twelve Portraits for Organ, Op. 113 
Fantasy for Violin and Piano, Op. 118 
Sonata for Recorder (five instruments) and Organ, Op. 127 

室内楽作品
Praeludium e Fugue, for string quartet 
String Quartets
String Quartet No. 1, Op. 8 
String Quartet No. 2, Op. 13 
String Quartet No. 3, Op. 47 
String Quartet No. 4, Op. 77 
String Quartet No. 5, Op. 90 
String Quartet No. 6, Op. 148 
Northern Exercises, suite for ensemble, Op. 42 
Piano Quintet, Op. 93 
The Dog's Heart, novels for chamber ensemble (after Mikhail Bulgakov, Op. 104 
Concerto for Clarinet and Piano Trio, Op. 109 

声楽と管弦楽のための作品
Lenin is Alive, cantata after Vladimir Mayakovsky for mixed chorus with orchestra, Op. 15 
Suzdal, suite for soprano, tenor and chamber-orchestra, Op. 30 
Requiem, after Anna Akhmatova for soprano, tenor and symphony orchestra, Op. 35 
Hard Frost, aria for mezzo-soprano and orchestra, Op. 60a 
Beatrice, choral-symphonic cycle after Dante Alighieri's "Divine Comedy", Op. 123 
The Run of Time, vocal cycle on poems by Anna Akhmatova for soprano and string orchestra, Op. 135b 

声楽作品
A White Stork, vocal cycle for medium voice and piano, Op. 10 
Yuaffu, four choruses for chorus a cappella, Op. 14 No. 1 
Energy, fugue for chorus a cappella, Op. 14 No. 2 
The Wedding Song for female chorus, Op. 16a 
Sad Songs, vocal cycle for soprano and piano, Op. 22 
Three Songs to Verses by Marina Tsvetaeva for medium voice and piano, Op. 48 
Five Songs to Verses by O. Driz for medium voice and piano, Op. 57 
The Will for soprano, harp and organ, Op. 96 
To My Brother for soprano, flute and harp, Op. 98 
The Garden of Music, cantata for soprano, mezzo-soprano, baritone and piano trio, Op. 101 
The Chelom Wise Men, a vocal-instrumental quartet for violin, soprano, bass and piano, Op. 112 
The Devildraft, cycle for medium voice and piano, Op. 120 
Sea Background, three études for low voice and piano on poems by A. Tolstoy, Op. 128 
Our Hour of Death is Inevitable, three romances for middle voice and piano on poems by H. Heine, D. Harms and I. Guberman, Op. 129 
Simple Truth, three romances on poems by S. Marshak, M. Tsvetaeva and G. Shpalikov. Op. 130 
The Run of Time, vocal cycle on poems by Anna Akhmatova for soprano, violin and cello, Op. 135 
The Orange, vocal cycle on poems of different poets for soprano, bass and piano, Op. 137 
Strong Thoughts, for soloists and chorus a cappella, Op. 145 

編曲作品
L'Incoronazione di Poppea, Orchestration of the opera by C. Monteverdi, Op. 37 
Deciphering of Japanese Gagaku, Op.52 
Boris Godunov, Orchestration for three Choruses from Prokofiev's Music to Pushkin's Tragedy, Op. 52a 
Satires, orchestration of Shostakovich's Vocal Cycle to words by S. Chorny, Op. 81 
Version of Shostakovich Piano Trio No. 1, Opus 81 Bis 
Four Poems by Captain Lebyadkin, orchestration of Shostakovich's vocal cycle to words by Dostoyevsky, Op. 97 Antiformalistic Little Paradise (Rayok), Orchestration of Shostakovich vocal cycle, Op. 108 
Orchestration of four romances by Grieg, Op 111 
Orchestration of seven songs by Mahler, Op. 115 Five Romances on poems from the magazine „Crocodile“, orchestration of vocal cycle by Shostakovich, Op. 138 Musical Escapade, orchestration of vocal cycle by I. Schlein, Op. 139 
Reconstruction of two lost parts of the symphony "Americas" by I. Schlein, Op. 139b Lamento, orchestration of third movement of Piano Sonata No. 29 by Beethoven for harp and string orchestra, Op. 140 
Reconstruction of the beginning of Part IV of Symphony No. 2 by I. Schlein, Op. 141 Vocalis Etude'', orchestration of piece by Maurice Ravel, Op. 142 (In the form of Habañera)