OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import sys
import os
from datetime import datetime
import yaml
import jinja2

def ComputeIntercoPfx(svlan):
  """ Generates a 100.64/10 prefix based on the svlan-id
      Output if svlan=1001 : 100.67.233
  """
  byte1 = 100
  byte2 = 64 + int(svlan/256)
  byte3 = svlan%256
  return str(byte1)+"."+str(byte2)+"."+str(byte3)
  
def PrintConfig(genlist):
  templateLoader = jinja2.FileSystemLoader(searchpath=os.getcwd())
  templateEnv = jinja2.Environment(loader=templateLoader)
  TEMPLATE_FILE = "conf-lioptic.jinja"
  template = templateEnv.get_template(TEMPLATE_FILE)
  templateVars = {}
  for v in genlist:
    templateVars.update(v)
  templateVars["interco4_prefix"] = ComputeIntercoPfx(templateVars["svlan"])
  templateVars["datetime"] = datetime.now().strftime("%d/%m/%y %H:%M")
  outputText = template.render( templateVars )
  print (outputText)

input = yaml.load(open('conf-lioptic.yaml'))
if (sys.argv[1:]):
  PrintConfig(input[sys.argv[1:][0]])
else:
  for i in input:
    PrintConfig(input[i])

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: PrintConfig
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json

word2cnt = dict()
with open('data.json') as fin:
	for line in fin:
		data = json.loads(line)
		text = data['text'].split()
		for word in text:
			if word not in word2cnt:
				word2cnt[word] = 0
			word2cnt[word] += 1

train = 240000
with open('data.json') as fin, open('train.txt', 'w') as fou1, open('test.txt', 'w') as fou2:
	for idx, line in enumerate(fin):
		data = json.loads(line)

		d = data['language'] + ' ' + data['timezone'] + ' ' + data['offset'] + ' ' + \
			data['userlang'] + ' ' + str(data['label']) + ' ' + data['latitude'] + ' ' + data['longitude']

		text = data['text'].split()
		ws = []
		for word in text:
			if word2cnt[word] <= 10000 and word2cnt[word] >= 5:
				ws.append(word)

		d += ' ' + str(len(ws)) + ' ' + ' '.join(ws) + '\n'

		if idx < train:
			fou1.write(d)
		else:
			fou2.write(d)
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  B) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  C) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  F) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from .._display import session_line


def extract(filepath, verbose=True):
    """
    Extract a compressed file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    filepath : str
        File path.
    verbose : bool, optional
        ``True`` for displaying progress. Defaults to ``True``.
    """
    formats_order = _best_order(filepath)

    err_msgs = []
    with session_line("Extracting {}... ".format(filepath), disable=not verbose):

        for f in formats_order:
            try:
                return f(filepath)
            except Exception as e:
                err_msgs.append(str(e))

        raise RuntimeError(f"Could not extract `{filepath}`.\n" + "\n".join(err_msgs))


def _extract_tar(filepath):
    import tarfile

    tar = tarfile.open(filepath)
    tar.extractall()
    filepath = tar.getnames()[0]
    tar.close()
    return filepath


def _extract_bz2(filepath):
    import bz2
    import os

    filename = os.path.splitext(filepath)[0]

    with open(filepath, "rb") as f:
        o = bz2.decompress(f.read())

    with open(filename, "wb") as f:
        f.write(o)
    return filename


def _extract_zip(filepath, dest="."):
    import zipfile

    with zipfile.ZipFile(filepath, "r") as zip_ref:
        zip_ref.extractall(dest)

    return dest


def _best_order(filepath):
    formats = [_extract_tar, _extract_bz2, _extract_zip]
    formats_order = []
    if filepath.endswith(".zip"):
        formats_order = [_extract_zip]
    elif filepath.endswith(".tar.gz"):
        formats_order = [_extract_tar]
    elif filepath.endswith(".bz2"):
        formats_order = [_extract_bz2]

    for f in formats:
        if f not in formats_order:
            formats_order.append(f)

    return formats_order

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  F) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from .._display import session_line


def extract(filepath, verbose=True):
    """
    Extract a compressed file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    filepath : str
        File path.
    verbose : bool, optional
        ``True`` for displaying progress. Defaults to ``True``.
    """
    formats_order = _best_order(filepath)

    err_msgs = []
    with session_line("Extracting {}... ".format(filepath), disable=not verbose):

        for f in formats_order:
            try:
                return f(filepath)
            except Exception as e:
                err_msgs.append(str(e))

        raise RuntimeError(f"Could not extract `{filepath}`.\n" + "\n".join(err_msgs))


def _extract_tar(filepath):
    import tarfile

    tar = tarfile.open(filepath)
    tar.extractall()
    filepath = tar.getnames()[0]
    tar.close()
    return filepath


def _extract_bz2(filepath):
    import bz2
    import os

    filename = os.path.splitext(filepath)[0]

    with open(filepath, "rb") as f:
        o = bz2.decompress(f.read())

    with open(filename, "wb") as f:
        f.write(o)
    return filename


def _extract_zip(filepath, dest="."):
    import zipfile

    with zipfile.ZipFile(filepath, "r") as zip_ref:
        zip_ref.extractall(dest)

    return dest


def _best_order(filepath):
    formats = [_extract_tar, _extract_bz2, _extract_zip]
    formats_order = []
    if filepath.endswith(".zip"):
        formats_order = [_extract_zip]
    elif filepath.endswith(".tar.gz"):
        formats_order = [_extract_tar]
    elif filepath.endswith(".bz2"):
        formats_order = [_extract_bz2]

    for f in formats:
        if f not in formats_order:
            formats_order.append(f)

    return formats_order

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) _extract_zip
  B) _extract_tar
  C) _best_order
  D) _extract_bz2
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from .._display import session_line


def extract(filepath, verbose=True):
    """
    Extract a compressed file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    filepath : str
        File path.
    verbose : bool, optional
        ``True`` for displaying progress. Defaults to ``True``.
    """
    formats_order = _best_order(filepath)

    err_msgs = []
    with session_line("Extracting {}... ".format(filepath), disable=not verbose):

        for f in formats_order:
            try:
                return f(filepath)
            except Exception as e:
                err_msgs.append(str(e))

        raise RuntimeError(f"Could not extract `{filepath}`.\n" + "\n".join(err_msgs))


def _extract_tar(filepath):
    import tarfile

    tar = tarfile.open(filepath)
    tar.extractall()
    filepath = tar.getnames()[0]
    tar.close()
    return filepath


def _extract_bz2(filepath):
    import bz2
    import os

    filename = os.path.splitext(filepath)[0]

    with open(filepath, "rb") as f:
        o = bz2.decompress(f.read())

    with open(filename, "wb") as f:
        f.write(o)
    return filename


def _extract_zip(filepath, dest="."):
    import zipfile

    with zipfile.ZipFile(filepath, "r") as zip_ref:
        zip_ref.extractall(dest)

    return dest


def _best_order(filepath):
    formats = [_extract_tar, _extract_bz2, _extract_zip]
    formats_order = []
    if filepath.endswith(".zip"):
        formats_order = [_extract_zip]
    elif filepath.endswith(".tar.gz"):
        formats_order = [_extract_tar]
    elif filepath.endswith(".bz2"):
        formats_order = [_extract_bz2]

    for f in formats:
        if f not in formats_order:
            formats_order.append(f)

    return formats_order

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: _extract_tar
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# echoclient.py
#
# An example of a client that connects to an SSL server
# and verifies its certificate

from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM
import ssl

s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

# Wrap with an SSL layer and require the server to present its certificate
ssl_s = ssl.wrap_socket(s,
                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
                        ca_certs='server_cert.pem',
                        )

ssl_s.connect(('localhost', 20000))

# Communicate with the server
ssl_s.send(b'Hello World!')
resp = ssl_s.recv(8192)
print('Got:', resp)

# Done
ssl_s.close()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  D) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  E) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  F) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#Author: Andre Ortega, brainwork.com.br
#https://github.com/andreirapuru/netmiko_send_commands

import getpass
import netmiko
import csv
from netmiko import ConnectHandler

#Enable debug (optional)
#logging.basicConfig(filename='netmiko_logs.txt', level=logging.DEBUG)
#logger = logging.getLogger("netmiko")

print('\n''Script initiated')
print('\n')

#Get credentials (same for all devices)
UN = input('Username: ')
PW = getpass.getpass('Password: ')
EN = getpass.getpass('Enable: ')

#Defautl template with credentials
device_template = {
'device_type': 'cisco',
'ip': '1.1.1.1',
'username': UN,
'password': PW,
'port':22,
'secret': EN,
'blocking_timeout': 4 #Default = 8, if timeout problem increase to 16
}

#Open file with devices information (IP and Port)
list_of_devices = csv.DictReader(open('devices_to_configure.csv'))

#Prepar device_template with information from CSV
for row in list_of_devices:
	if (row['port']) == '23':
		device_template['device_type'] = 'cisco_ios_telnet'
		device_template['port'] = '23'
		device_template['ip'] = row['ip']
	else:
		device_template['device_type'] = 'cisco_ios'
		device_template['port'] = '22'
		device_template['ip'] = row['ip']
	try:
		print ('====== Login device ', device_template['ip'],' ======')
		#Connect to device and send config
		net_connect = ConnectHandler(**device_template)
		net_connect.enable()
		output = net_connect.send_config_from_file('commands_to_send.txt')
		print(output)
		#Save logs in file
		log = open('log_file.txt', 'a')
		log.write('\n')
		log.write(device_template['ip'])
		log.write('\n')
		log.write(output)
		log.write('\n')
		net_connect.disconnect()
		print ('====== Logout device', device_template['ip'],' ======')
	except:
		log = open('log_file.txt', 'a')
		log.write('\n')
		log.write('Couldnt access the device ')
		log.write(device_template['ip'])
		log.write('\n')
		print ('Couldnt access device', device_template['ip'],' =====')
log.close()
print('\n' 'Script finished')

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  C) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  F) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# see https://qiita.com/katafuchix/items/7fa1323265b6a448cdbc

import json
import os
import logging
import traceback
from requests_oauthlib import OAuth1Session
from secret import get_secret
from twitter import tweet_image, tweet_text
import urllib.request
import time

level = os.environ.get('LOG_LEVEL', 'DEBUG')


def logger_level():
    if level == 'CRITICAL':
        return 50
    elif level == 'ERROR':
        return 40
    elif level == 'WARNING':
        return 30
    elif level == 'INFO':
        return 20
    elif level == 'DEBUG':
        return 10
    else:
        return 0


logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logger_level())


def tweet_wakatime(twitter: OAuth1Session, img_url: str):
    peek_wakatime(img_url)

    res_media = tweet_image(twitter, img_url)
    if res_media.status_code != 200:
        exit()
    media_id = json.loads(res_media.text)['media_id']
    return media_id


def peek_wakatime(img_url: str):
    """"wakatimeに画像生成を促すため、wakatimeを呼び出す

    Args:
        img_url (str): wakatimeのURL
    """
    response = urllib.request.urlopen(img_url)
    time.sleep(60)


def lambda_handler(event, context):
    logger.debug(event)

    try:
        secret = get_secret(
            region_name="ap-northeast-1",
            secret_name=os.environ.get('TWITTER_SECRET_NAME'))

        logger.info(secret)

        twitter = OAuth1Session(
            secret[os.environ.get('API_KEY')],
            secret[os.environ.get('API_SECRET_KEY')],
            secret[os.environ.get('ACCESS_TOKEN')],
            secret[os.environ.get('ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET')]
        )

        media_id = tweet_wakatime(
            twitter=twitter,
            img_url=os.environ.get('LANGUAGES_URL'))

        media_id2 = tweet_wakatime(
            twitter=twitter,
            img_url=os.environ.get('CODING_ACTIVITY_URL'))

        message = os.environ.get('MESSAGE')
        res_text = tweet_text(
            twitter=twitter,
            message=message,
            media_ids=f'{media_id},{media_id2}')

        return {
            'statusCode': res_text.status_code
        }

    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
        raise e

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) lambda_handler
  B) tweet_wakatime
  C) peek_wakatime
  D) logger_level
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# see https://qiita.com/katafuchix/items/7fa1323265b6a448cdbc

import json
import os
import logging
import traceback
from requests_oauthlib import OAuth1Session
from secret import get_secret
from twitter import tweet_image, tweet_text
import urllib.request
import time

level = os.environ.get('LOG_LEVEL', 'DEBUG')


def logger_level():
    if level == 'CRITICAL':
        return 50
    elif level == 'ERROR':
        return 40
    elif level == 'WARNING':
        return 30
    elif level == 'INFO':
        return 20
    elif level == 'DEBUG':
        return 10
    else:
        return 0


logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logger_level())


def tweet_wakatime(twitter: OAuth1Session, img_url: str):
    peek_wakatime(img_url)

    res_media = tweet_image(twitter, img_url)
    if res_media.status_code != 200:
        exit()
    media_id = json.loads(res_media.text)['media_id']
    return media_id


def peek_wakatime(img_url: str):
    """"wakatimeに画像生成を促すため、wakatimeを呼び出す

    Args:
        img_url (str): wakatimeのURL
    """
    response = urllib.request.urlopen(img_url)
    time.sleep(60)


def lambda_handler(event, context):
    logger.debug(event)

    try:
        secret = get_secret(
            region_name="ap-northeast-1",
            secret_name=os.environ.get('TWITTER_SECRET_NAME'))

        logger.info(secret)

        twitter = OAuth1Session(
            secret[os.environ.get('API_KEY')],
            secret[os.environ.get('API_SECRET_KEY')],
            secret[os.environ.get('ACCESS_TOKEN')],
            secret[os.environ.get('ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET')]
        )

        media_id = tweet_wakatime(
            twitter=twitter,
            img_url=os.environ.get('LANGUAGES_URL'))

        media_id2 = tweet_wakatime(
            twitter=twitter,
            img_url=os.environ.get('CODING_ACTIVITY_URL'))

        message = os.environ.get('MESSAGE')
        res_text = tweet_text(
            twitter=twitter,
            message=message,
            media_ids=f'{media_id},{media_id2}')

        return {
            'statusCode': res_text.status_code
        }

    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
        raise e

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: lambda_handler
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
from typing import Tuple
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

import rsa
from rsa import PrivateKey, PublicKey


class CryptingTools:

    @staticmethod
    def generate_public_private_key() -> Tuple[PublicKey, PrivateKey]:
        return rsa.newkeys(512)

    @staticmethod
    def crypt_data(data: str, public_key: PublicKey) -> dict:
        random_aes_key = os.urandom(16)
        random_aes_iv = os.urandom(16)
        cipher = AES.new(random_aes_key, AES.MODE_EAX, random_aes_iv)

        crypted_data = cipher.encrypt(data.encode('utf8'))
        crypted_aes_key = rsa.encrypt(random_aes_key, public_key)
        crypted_aes_iv = rsa.encrypt(random_aes_iv, public_key)

        return {
            'data': crypted_data,
            'aes_key': crypted_aes_key,
            'aes_iv': crypted_aes_iv,
        }

    @staticmethod
    def uncrypt_data(blockchain_data: dict, private_key: PrivateKey) -> str:
        data_crypted = blockchain_data['data']
        aes_key_crypted = blockchain_data['aes_key']
        aes_iv_crypted = blockchain_data['aes_iv']

        aes_key_uncrypted = rsa.decrypt(aes_key_crypted, private_key)
        aes_iv_uncrypted = rsa.decrypt(aes_iv_crypted, private_key)
        cipher = AES.new(aes_key_uncrypted, AES.MODE_EAX, aes_iv_uncrypted)

        return cipher.decrypt(data_crypted)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  B) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  C) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  D) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  E) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  F) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
from typing import Tuple
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

import rsa
from rsa import PrivateKey, PublicKey


class CryptingTools:

    @staticmethod
    def generate_public_private_key() -> Tuple[PublicKey, PrivateKey]:
        return rsa.newkeys(512)

    @staticmethod
    def crypt_data(data: str, public_key: PublicKey) -> dict:
        random_aes_key = os.urandom(16)
        random_aes_iv = os.urandom(16)
        cipher = AES.new(random_aes_key, AES.MODE_EAX, random_aes_iv)

        crypted_data = cipher.encrypt(data.encode('utf8'))
        crypted_aes_key = rsa.encrypt(random_aes_key, public_key)
        crypted_aes_iv = rsa.encrypt(random_aes_iv, public_key)

        return {
            'data': crypted_data,
            'aes_key': crypted_aes_key,
            'aes_iv': crypted_aes_iv,
        }

    @staticmethod
    def uncrypt_data(blockchain_data: dict, private_key: PrivateKey) -> str:
        data_crypted = blockchain_data['data']
        aes_key_crypted = blockchain_data['aes_key']
        aes_iv_crypted = blockchain_data['aes_iv']

        aes_key_uncrypted = rsa.decrypt(aes_key_crypted, private_key)
        aes_iv_uncrypted = rsa.decrypt(aes_iv_crypted, private_key)
        cipher = AES.new(aes_key_uncrypted, AES.MODE_EAX, aes_iv_uncrypted)

        return cipher.decrypt(data_crypted)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability?

  A) uncrypt_data
  B) crypt_data
  C) generate_public_private_key
  D) CryptingTools
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
from typing import Tuple
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

import rsa
from rsa import PrivateKey, PublicKey


class CryptingTools:

    @staticmethod
    def generate_public_private_key() -> Tuple[PublicKey, PrivateKey]:
        return rsa.newkeys(512)

    @staticmethod
    def crypt_data(data: str, public_key: PublicKey) -> dict:
        random_aes_key = os.urandom(16)
        random_aes_iv = os.urandom(16)
        cipher = AES.new(random_aes_key, AES.MODE_EAX, random_aes_iv)

        crypted_data = cipher.encrypt(data.encode('utf8'))
        crypted_aes_key = rsa.encrypt(random_aes_key, public_key)
        crypted_aes_iv = rsa.encrypt(random_aes_iv, public_key)

        return {
            'data': crypted_data,
            'aes_key': crypted_aes_key,
            'aes_iv': crypted_aes_iv,
        }

    @staticmethod
    def uncrypt_data(blockchain_data: dict, private_key: PrivateKey) -> str:
        data_crypted = blockchain_data['data']
        aes_key_crypted = blockchain_data['aes_key']
        aes_iv_crypted = blockchain_data['aes_iv']

        aes_key_uncrypted = rsa.decrypt(aes_key_crypted, private_key)
        aes_iv_uncrypted = rsa.decrypt(aes_iv_crypted, private_key)
        cipher = AES.new(aes_key_uncrypted, AES.MODE_EAX, aes_iv_uncrypted)

        return cipher.decrypt(data_crypted)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability.
Answer: generate_public_private_key
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import csv
import re
import string

def remove_chars(text):
    # remove links
    pattern = re.compile(r'http[s]?://(?:[a-zA-Z]|[0-9]|[$-_@.&+]|[!*\(\),]|(?:%[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]))+')
    text = pattern.sub('', text)
    # remove tags
    text = re.sub(r'\w*@\w*', '', text)
    # remove punctuations
    text = text.translate(str.maketrans('', '', string.punctuation))
    # remove newlines and strip text
    text = text.replace("\n", "").strip()
    return text

if __name__ == "__main__":
    pos = 2363
    neg = 2363
    with open('Tweets.csv', mode='r') as csv_file:
        with open('even_dataset.txt', "w") as train_file:
            csv_reader = csv.DictReader(csv_file)
            line_count = 0
            for row in csv_reader:
                if line_count == 0:
                    print(f'Column names are {", ".join(row)}')
                    line_count += 1
                
                text = row["text"]
                text = remove_chars(text)
                
                if row["airline_sentiment"] == "positive" and pos > 0:
                    pos -= 1
                    train_file.write(f'__label__2 {text}' + "\n")
                elif neg > 0:
                    neg -= 1
                    train_file.write(f'__label__1 {text}' + "\n")
                line_count += 1
                if neg == 0 and pos == 0:
                    break
            print(f'Processed {line_count} lines.')
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  B) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  C) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  F) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import jsonify, request, Flask
from flask_restful import Resource, reqparse
import os
import json
import requests
import sha3
import base58
import base64
import colors

import nacl.secret
import nacl.utils
from nacl.encoding import Base64Encoder

os.environ['OAUTHLIB_INSECURE_TRANSPORT'] = '1'



class OAuth_Endpoint(Resource):

    target = 'http://127.0.0.1/token.php'
    key = b'\xbe?_\xdd\xdb\x02z\xc3\x8b\xf5\xdc\x0b\xdey\xf5\xa0rT\x10\x87>6\x8c\xba\x18Galt*\x1f\xee'
    box = nacl.secret.SecretBox(key)
    client_id = "testclient"
    client_secret = "testpass"
    access_token_data = {"grant_type": "client_credentials","client_id": client_id,"client_secret": client_secret}
    #key = nacl.utils.random(nacl.secret.SecretBox.KEY_SIZE)

    def post(self):
        data = request.get_json()
        username = data['username']
        password = data['password']

        hash_object = sha3.sha3_256(password.encode())
        password_hash = hash_object.digest()
        if username == '' or password == '':
            return{'Auth': 'Fail', 'Token': ''}, 500
        pwkey = nacl.secret.SecretBox(password_hash)
        oauth_resp = requests.post(self.target, data=self.access_token_data, verify=False, allow_redirects=False)
        access = json.loads(oauth_resp.text)

        token = access['access_token']

        if requests.codes.ok == oauth_resp.status_code and token != '':
            cipher_text = self.box.encrypt(token.encode(), encoder=Base64Encoder)
            encoded_ciphertext = cipher_text.decode('utf8')
            unencrypt_json = {'Auth': 'Success', 'Token': encoded_ciphertext }
            print(unencrypt_json)
            encrypted_message = pwkey.encrypt(json.dumps(unencrypt_json).encode(), encoder=Base64Encoder)
            return {'message' : encrypted_message.decode('utf8')}, 200
        else:
            return{'Error': 'Invalid Arguments'}, 500

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: post
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
Parse spotify URLs
"""

from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function, division
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


def __get_bs(bot, url):
    content = bot.get_url(url).content
    if content:
        return BeautifulSoup(content)
    else:
        return None


def handle_privmsg(bot, user, channel, args):
    """Grab Spotify URLs from the messages and handle them"""

    m = re.match(".*(http:\/\/open.spotify.com\/|spotify:)(album|artist|track)([:\/])([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\/?.*", args)
    if not m:
        return None

    apiurl = "http://ws.spotify.com/lookup/1/?uri=spotify:%s:%s" % (m.group(2), m.group(4))

    bs = __get_bs(bot, apiurl)
    if not bs:
        return

    data = '[Spotify] '
    if m.group(2) == 'album':
        artist = bs.find('artist').find('name').string
        album = bs.find('album').find('name').string
        year = bs.find('album').find('released').string
        data += '%s - %s (%s)' % (artist, album, year)
    if m.group(2) == 'artist':
        data += bs.find('artist').find('name').string
    if m.group(2) == 'track':
        artist = bs.find('artist').find('name').string
        title = bs.find('track').find('name').string
        data += '%s - %s' % (artist, title)
    return bot.say(channel, data)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) __get_bs
  B) handle_privmsg
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import requests

from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter

s = requests.Session()
s.mount('http://stackoverflow.com', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=5))


def endpoint(part):
    return 'https://{base}/{part}?_format=json'.format(
        base='radars.securite-routiere.gouv.fr/radars',
        part=part
    )


def do_request(url):
    r = requests.get(
        url,
        verify=False,
        headers={
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
        }
    )
    r.raise_for_status()

    return r

radars = do_request(endpoint('all'))
radars.raise_for_status()

for radar in radars.json():
    id = radar['id']

    r = do_request(endpoint(id))
    r.raise_for_status()

    path = 'data/{id}.json'.format(id=id)
    with open(path, 'w') as f:
        f.write(json.dumps(r.json()))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  D) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import requests

from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter

s = requests.Session()
s.mount('http://stackoverflow.com', HTTPAdapter(max_retries=5))


def endpoint(part):
    return 'https://{base}/{part}?_format=json'.format(
        base='radars.securite-routiere.gouv.fr/radars',
        part=part
    )


def do_request(url):
    r = requests.get(
        url,
        verify=False,
        headers={
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
        }
    )
    r.raise_for_status()

    return r

radars = do_request(endpoint('all'))
radars.raise_for_status()

for radar in radars.json():
    id = radar['id']

    r = do_request(endpoint(id))
    r.raise_for_status()

    path = 'data/{id}.json'.format(id=id)
    with open(path, 'w') as f:
        f.write(json.dumps(r.json()))

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability?

  A) endpoint
  B) do_request
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Provider for Nature

Author: G.J.J. van den Burg
License: See LICENSE file
Copyright: 2020, G.J.J. van den Burg

"""

import re

from ..exceptions import URLResolutionError
from ._base import Provider
from ._info import Informer


class NatureInformer(Informer):

    meta_date_key = "citation_online_date"

    def _format_authors(self, soup_authors):
        return super()._format_authors(soup_authors, sep=",", idx=0)


class Nature(Provider):

    re_abs = "^https://www.nature.com/articles/s[a-z0-9\-]+$"
    re_pdf = "^https://www.nature.com/articles/s[a-z0-9\-]+\.pdf$"

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.informer = NatureInformer()

    def get_abs_pdf_urls(self, url):
        if re.match(self.re_abs, url):
            abs_url = url
            pdf_url = url + ".pdf"
        elif re.match(self.re_pdf, url):
            pdf_url = url
            abs_url = url.replace(".pdf", "")
        else:
            raise URLResolutionError("Nature", url)
        return abs_url, pdf_url

    def validate(src):
        return re.match(Nature.re_abs, src) or re.match(Nature.re_pdf, src)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  B) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  E) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Provider for Nature

Author: G.J.J. van den Burg
License: See LICENSE file
Copyright: 2020, G.J.J. van den Burg

"""

import re

from ..exceptions import URLResolutionError
from ._base import Provider
from ._info import Informer


class NatureInformer(Informer):

    meta_date_key = "citation_online_date"

    def _format_authors(self, soup_authors):
        return super()._format_authors(soup_authors, sep=",", idx=0)


class Nature(Provider):

    re_abs = "^https://www.nature.com/articles/s[a-z0-9\-]+$"
    re_pdf = "^https://www.nature.com/articles/s[a-z0-9\-]+\.pdf$"

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.informer = NatureInformer()

    def get_abs_pdf_urls(self, url):
        if re.match(self.re_abs, url):
            abs_url = url
            pdf_url = url + ".pdf"
        elif re.match(self.re_pdf, url):
            pdf_url = url
            abs_url = url.replace(".pdf", "")
        else:
            raise URLResolutionError("Nature", url)
        return abs_url, pdf_url

    def validate(src):
        return re.match(Nature.re_abs, src) or re.match(Nature.re_pdf, src)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) Nature
  B) _format_authors
  C) NatureInformer
  D) get_abs_pdf_urls
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import sys
sys.path.append("../common")

import csv
import io

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.engine import reflection

from flask import Flask
from flask import request

from flask_cors import CORS

import ConfigParser

config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read('config.ini')
if len(config.sections()) == 0:
    print('config.ini file not yet present, please copy from template (templace_config.ini) and fill in required properties')
    quit()

engine = create_engine(config.get('DATAAPI', 'connection_string'))
insp = reflection.Inspector.from_engine(engine)

app = Flask(__name__)
cors = CORS(app)

def sql2csv(name, delimiter, quotechar):
    connection = engine.connect()
    query = connection.execute("SELECT * FROM " + name).fetchall()
    connection.close()

    output = io.BytesIO()
    writer = csv.writer(output, delimiter=str(delimiter), quotechar=str(quotechar), quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL)

    writer.writerow([c['name'] for c in insp.get_columns(name)])

    for row in query:
        writer.writerow(row)
    return output.getvalue()

@app.route('/view')
def sqlviewoverview():
    return str(insp.get_view_names())

@app.route('/view/<viewname>')
def sqlview2csv(viewname):
    if viewname in insp.get_view_names():
        delimiter = ','
        if request.args.get('delimiter') is not None:
            delimiter = request.args.get('delimiter')

        quotechar = '"'
        if request.args.get('quotechar') is not None:
            quotechar = request.args.get('quotechar')

        return sql2csv(viewname, delimiter, quotechar)
    else:
        return "Not a valid viewname"

@app.route('/table')
def sqltableoverview():
    return str(insp.get_table_names())

@app.route('/table/<tablename>')
def sqltable2csv(tablename):
    if tablename in insp.get_table_names():
        delimiter = ','
        if request.args.get('delimiter') is not None:
            delimiter = request.args.get('delimiter')

        quotechar = '"'
        if request.args.get('quotechar') is not None:
            quotechar = request.args.get('quotechar')

        return sql2csv(tablename, delimiter, quotechar)
    else:
        return "Not a valid tablename"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')` vulnerability?

  A) sqltable2csv
  B) sqlview2csv
  C) sql2csv
  D) sqlviewoverview
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import math
import cmath
import datetime
from math import sqrt
import random
from collections import Counter

#Dictionaries Challenge 22: Database Admin Program

print("Welcome to the Database Admin Program")

log_on_information = {
    'admin00':'Rafalq25',
    'admin2':'Ravix12345',
    'admin3':'Polska123',
    'admin4':'Kolega123',
    'admin5':'OranyStary'
}

print(log_on_information.keys())
print(log_on_information.values())
for x in log_on_information.items():
    print(x)
# First Output
username = input("Enter your username: ")
correct_password = log_on_information[username]
if username in log_on_information and username=="admin00":
    password = input("Enter your password: ")
    if password == correct_password:
        for x,y in log_on_information.items():
            print("Username: "+str(x)+"\t\tPassword: "+str(y))



# Second,Third,Fourth and Five Output
elif username in log_on_information:
    password = input("Enter your password: ")
    if password == correct_password:
        print("\nHello "+str(username)+"! You are logged in. ")
        change_passwd = input("would you like to change your password: ").lower()
        if change_passwd=="yes":
            changed_password = input("What would you like your new password to be: ")
            if len(changed_password) <8:
                print("Your password is too short!")
            elif len(changed_password) >=8:
                print("\n" +str(username)+"your password is "+str(changed_password))
        else:
            print("Okey, so that's all :D")

    else:
        print("Your password is wrong, i think you are not the person , \nwho you say that you are... that's why fuck off!!!!")
else:
    print("Your not in database, sorry and bye")

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  B) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  E) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: C