OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import time
import socket
import requests
import base64
import yaml
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from flask import Flask, request, g, render_template, jsonify, Response

app = Flask(__name__)

app.config.from_object(__name__)  # load config from this file , flaskr.py

config = None
with open(os.getenv("CONFIG"), "r") as config_file:
    config = yaml.safe_load(config_file)

if config is None:
    raise Exception("Unable to load config file")


def json_error(message):
    error = {}
    error["error"] = message
    return jsonify(error)


def cached_result(host):
    if host not in config["hosts"]:
        print("Invalid host " + host)
        return None

    cache_filename = "{}/{}.yml".format(config["cache_dir"], host)
    if os.path.exists(cache_filename):
        with open(cache_filename, "r") as cache_file:
            cache = yaml.safe_load(cache_file)
            # if (time.time() - cache["timestamp"]) < expiration_s:
            return base64.b64decode(cache["json"]).decode("utf-8")

    return None


def json_from_url(url):
    try:
        json_request = requests.get(url)
        if json_request.status_code != 200:
            return json_error("Request error ({})".format(json_request.status_code))

        return Response(json_request.text, mimetype="application/json")
    except ConnectionError:
        return json_error("Error connecting to host")


@app.route("/<host>")
def summary(host):
    if host not in config["hosts"]:
        return render_template("error.html", error_string="Error: Invalid Host.")

    return render_template("status.html", host=host)


@app.route("/<host>/plots")
def plots(host):
    if host not in config["hosts"]:
        return render_template("error.html", error_string="Error: Invalid Host.")

    return render_template("plots.html", host=host)

@app.route("/<host>/stats")
def stats(host):
    if host not in config["hosts"]:
        return render_template("error.html", error_string="Error: Invalid Host.")

    return render_template("stats.html", host=host)

# Forward every other request down to host
@app.route("/<host>/<path:path>")
def latest_json(host, path):
    if host not in config["hosts"]:
        return json_error("Invalid host")

    if path == "latest":
        cached_json = cached_result(host)
    else:
        cached_json = None   

    if cached_json:
        return cached_json
    else:
        return json_from_url("http://" + config["hosts"][host] + "/" + path)


@app.route("/")
def list():
    return render_template("hosts.html", hosts=config["hosts"].keys())

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability.
Answer: json_from_url
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from flask import Flask,render_template,request
import MySQLdb,sys
import base64

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")
MYSQL_HOST = '127.0.0.1'
MYSQL_USER = 'root'
MYSQL_PASS = 'root'
MYSQL_DB   = 'bot'

app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/view')
def view():
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(MYSQL_HOST, MYSQL_USER,MYSQL_PASS,MYSQL_DB,charset="utf8")
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute('select * from bot')
    results=cursor.fetchall()
    conn.close()
    return render_template("show.html",
        results = results)
@app.route('/')
def main():
    return 'Hello,World'
@app.route("/callback",methods=[ 'GET'])
def callback():
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(MYSQL_HOST, MYSQL_USER,MYSQL_PASS,MYSQL_DB,charset="utf8")
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    mac = base64.b64decode(request.values['mac'])
    ip  = base64.b64decode(request.values['ip'])
    time = base64.b64decode(request.values['time'])
    print mac,ip,time
    cursor.execute('insert into bot(mac,ip,time) values ("%s","%s","%s")' %(mac,ip,time))
    cursor.close()
    conn.close()
    return 'ok'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=80,debug=True,threaded=True)
    except:
        pass
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  D) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  E) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: C,E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Train tickets query via comand-line.

Usage:
    tickets [-gdtkz] <from> <to> <date>

Options:
    -h,--help 显示帮助菜单
    -g        高铁
    -d        动车
    -t        特快
    -k        快速
    -z        直达

Example:
    tickets beijing shanghai 2016-08-25
"""
from docopt import docopt
import requests
from stations import stations
from TrainCollection import TrainCollection

def cli():
    """command-line interface"""
    arguments = docopt(__doc__)
    from_station = stations.get(arguments["<from>"])
    to_station = stations.get(arguments["<to>"])
    date = arguments["<date>"]
    url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=ADULT&queryDate={}&from_station={}&to_station={}".format(date,from_station,to_station)
    r = requests.get(url,verify=False) #不验证证书
    rows = r.json()["data"]["datas"]
    tc = TrainCollection(rows)
    tc.pretty_print()

if(__name__ == "__main__"):
    cli()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  F) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Sep  1 19:14:35 2019
@author: rohan devaki
"""

# Step 1 Load Data
import pandas as pd
dataset = pd.read_csv('credit_score_and_data.csv')
X = dataset.iloc[:, :-1].values
y = dataset.iloc[:,1].values

# Step 2: Split data into training and testing
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=1/3, random_state=0)

# Step 3: Fit Simple Linear Regression to Training Data
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
regressor = LinearRegression()
regressor.fit(X_train, y_train)

# Step 4: Make Prediction
y_pred = regressor.predict(X_test)

# Step 5 - Visualize training set results
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# plot the actual data points of training set
plt.scatter(X_train, y_train, color = 'red')
# plot the regression line
plt.plot(X_train, regressor.predict(X_train), color='blue')
plt.title('creidt_score vs stipend (Training set)')
plt.xlabel('stipend')
plt.ylabel('creidt_score')
plt.show()

# Step 6 - Visualize test set results
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# plot the actual data points of test set
plt.scatter(X_test, y_test, color = 'red')
# plot the regression line (same as above)
plt.plot(X_train, regressor.predict(X_train), color='blue')
plt.title('creidt_score vs stipend (Test set)')
plt.xlabel('stipend')
plt.ylabel('creidt_score')
plt.show()

# Step 7 - Make new prediction
new_credit_score = regressor.predict([[1100]])
print('The predicted credit score of a student with 1100 stipend is ',new_credit_score)
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  E) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  F) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Importando el libería de encriptación
from hashlib import sha1

# Django 
from django.utils.crypto import get_random_string


UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_PREFIX = '!'
UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_SUFFIX_LENGTH = 40


def make_password(raw_password):
    """
    Make a password compatible with metin2 database
    if raw_password is none then generate a password
    """

    if raw_password is None:
        return UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_PREFIX + get_random_string(UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_SUFFIX_LENGTH)

    mysql_hash = '*'+sha1(
        sha1(
            raw_password.encode()
        ).digest()).hexdigest()
    mysql_hash = mysql_hash.upper()
    return mysql_hash


def validate_password(mysql_hash, raw_password):
    """
    Validate a mysql_hash with a raw_password
    """
    hash_password = make_password(raw_password)
    return mysql_hash == hash_password


def is_password_usable(encoded):
    """ 
    Return True if this password wasn't generated by
    User.set_unusable_password(), i.e. make_password(None).
    """
    return encoded is None or not encoded.startswith(UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_PREFIX)


```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) make_password
  B) validate_password
  C) is_password_usable
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Importando el libería de encriptación
from hashlib import sha1

# Django 
from django.utils.crypto import get_random_string


UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_PREFIX = '!'
UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_SUFFIX_LENGTH = 40


def make_password(raw_password):
    """
    Make a password compatible with metin2 database
    if raw_password is none then generate a password
    """

    if raw_password is None:
        return UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_PREFIX + get_random_string(UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_SUFFIX_LENGTH)

    mysql_hash = '*'+sha1(
        sha1(
            raw_password.encode()
        ).digest()).hexdigest()
    mysql_hash = mysql_hash.upper()
    return mysql_hash


def validate_password(mysql_hash, raw_password):
    """
    Validate a mysql_hash with a raw_password
    """
    hash_password = make_password(raw_password)
    return mysql_hash == hash_password


def is_password_usable(encoded):
    """ 
    Return True if this password wasn't generated by
    User.set_unusable_password(), i.e. make_password(None).
    """
    return encoded is None or not encoded.startswith(UNUSABLE_PASSWORD_PREFIX)


```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: make_password
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import re
import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError

if not 'KAGGLE_CONFIG_DIR' in os.environ.keys():
    os.environ['KAGGLE_CONFIG_DIR'] = os.getcwd()

import kaggle

def download_dataset(url, dest, unzip=True):
    try:
        dataset = re.search(r'kaggle.com/([^/]+)/([^/]+)', url).group()
        if not 'kaggle.com/' in dataset:
            raise ValueError
        else:
            dataset = dataset.replace('kaggle.com/', '')
            kaggle.api.authenticate()
            kaggle.api.dataset_download_files(dataset, path=dest, unzip=unzip)
    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
        print('Check your url: {}'.format(url))
        exit()

class S3Client(object):
    def __init__(self, aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key):
        self.client = boto3.client('s3',
                                    aws_access_key_id=aws_access_key_id,
                                    aws_secret_access_key=aws_secret_access_key)
        self.__buckets = [row['Name'] for row in self.client.list_buckets()['Buckets']]

    def upload_file(self, bucket, src, dest):
        try:
            assert bucket in self.__buckets, 'Bucket %s not found!' % bucket
            response = self.client.upload_file(src, bucket, dest)
        except (AssertionError, ClientError) as msg:
            print(msg)
            return False
        else:
            return True


```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) download_dataset
  B) __init__
  C) upload_file
  D) S3Client
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os

from collections import namedtuple

from jinja2 import Environment


Generator = namedtuple('Generator', ['generate_project'])


def get_generator(template_string, filters=None):
    def generate_project(program, out_directory):
        env = Environment()

        if filters:
            import importlib

            module = os.path.basename(filters).split('.')[0]
            spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module, filters)
            module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
            spec.loader.exec_module(module)
            module_filters = module.filters if hasattr(module, 'filters') else {}
            env.filters = {**env.filters, **module_filters}

        file_path = os.path.join(out_directory, program.name)

        template = env.from_string(template_string)

        with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
            file.write(template.render(program=program))

    return Generator(
        generate_project=generate_project
    )

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) get_generator
  B) generate_project
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os

from collections import namedtuple

from jinja2 import Environment


Generator = namedtuple('Generator', ['generate_project'])


def get_generator(template_string, filters=None):
    def generate_project(program, out_directory):
        env = Environment()

        if filters:
            import importlib

            module = os.path.basename(filters).split('.')[0]
            spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module, filters)
            module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
            spec.loader.exec_module(module)
            module_filters = module.filters if hasattr(module, 'filters') else {}
            env.filters = {**env.filters, **module_filters}

        file_path = os.path.join(out_directory, program.name)

        template = env.from_string(template_string)

        with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
            file.write(template.render(program=program))

    return Generator(
        generate_project=generate_project
    )

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: generate_project
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# code referenced from: https://stackoverflow.com/a/30888321


def tar_extract(file_name):
    """
    This function extracts a compressed .tar or .tar.gz file.

    :param file_name: File name to extract.
    :type file_name: str.
    :return: None
    """
    import tarfile
    if file_name.endswith("tar.gz"):
        tar = tarfile.open(file_name, "r:gz")
        tar.extractall()
        tar.close()
    elif file_name.endswith("tar"):
        tar = tarfile.open(file_name, "r:")
        tar.extractall()
        tar.close()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  B) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json
from flask import Blueprint, request
from services.database.DBConn import database
from security.jwtSecurity import session_cookie


userDB = database.users
auth_api = Blueprint('auth_api', __name__)


@auth_api.route("/login", methods=['GET'])
def user_login():
    """Generated End-Point Sample
    http://127.0.0.1:5000/auth/login?email=testuser12&password=password
    """
    email = request.args.get("email")
    password = request.args.get("password")
    if not email:
        return json.dumps({'error': "Email not provided.", 'success': False, 'code': 66})
    if not password:
        return json.dumps({'error': "Password not provided.", 'success': False, 'code': 67})

    record = userDB.find_one({'email':email})
    if record is None:
        return json.dumps({'error': "User doesn't exist.", 'success': False, 'code': 1})
    else:
        actualPassword = record['password']
        print(password," = ", actualPassword)
        if password == actualPassword:
            authtoken = session_cookie(email).decode("utf-8")
            return json.dumps({'success': True, 'token': authtoken})
        else:
            return json.dumps({'error': 'Invalid Password', 'code': 2})

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  B) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  C) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  D) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import print_function
from future.standard_library import install_aliases
install_aliases()

from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlencode
from urllib.request import urlopen, Request
from urllib.error import HTTPError

import json
import os
import urllib2

from flask import Flask
from flask import request
from flask import make_response

from collections import defaultdict

# Flask app should start in global layout
app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/audiencecreation', methods=['POST'])
def audiencecreation():
    req = request.get_json(silent=True, force=True)

    print("Request:")
    print(json.dumps(req, indent=4))

    res = processRequest(req)

    res = json.dumps(res, indent=4)
    print("Response:")
    print(res)

    r = make_response(res)
    r.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
    return r

def processRequest(req):
    return getSearchResults(getSearchText(req))

def getSearchText(req):
    if req and req['message'] and req['message'] is not None:
        return req['message']
    else:
        return

def getSearchResults(text):

    print("Search Text:")
    print(text)

    if text:
        req = urllib2.Request("http://13.91.7.37/api/v1/search?" + urlencode({'term': text}) + "&offset=0&rows=100")
        req.add_header('Authorization', 'Bearer 8799eb0c-a8b4-4362-8706-30955b57df74')
        result = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
        return json.loads(result)
    else:
        return {}


def search_results_from_keyphrases(l):
    """
    Input:

    l: list of keyphrases

    Output:

    output: dictionary of results where
        key: the input keyphrase
        value: list of ranked output with each item in tuple of
               (score, name of element)

    """

    output = defaultdict(list)

    for kw in l:
        # calling search function on each keyword
        # TODO this may change to elasticsearch client directly
        search_result = getSearchResults(kw)

        # check if there's no result returned
        if search_result != {}:
            output[kw]  = [ (o['score'], o['name'] ) for o in search_result['results']]

    return output

if __name__ == '__main__':
    port = int(os.getenv('PORT', 5000))

    print("Starting app on port %d" % port)

    app.run(debug=False, port=port, host='0.0.0.0')


    # test search result from keyphrase
    # kp = ['car', 'toyota', 'whatever']
    #
    # search_results_from_keyphrases(kp)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability?

  A) processRequest
  B) getSearchText
  C) audiencecreation
  D) getSearchResults
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
from django.utils.crypto import get_random_string


class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = "\n"
    help += "usage: ./manage.py secret_key [option]\n"
    help += "--------------------------------------\n"
    help += "example: ./manage.py secret_key generate\n"
    help += "example: ./manage.py secret_key get\n"
    help += "example: ./manage.py secret_key set [key]\n"
    help += "example: ./manage.py secret_key set \"4h0u&vk3l(s2t#@c(-%s5_fa_=1ww02s_f6+g-_^^^s+^y8)bp\"\n"
    help += "\n"
    help += "options\n"
    help += "--------\n"
    help += "generate - generates a new secret key and prints it to the screen\n"
    help += "get - prints the current .secret_key file value\n"
    help += "set - sets the .secret_key file value and prints it to the screen\n"
    help += "\n"

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('option', nargs='+', type=str)

    def generate_secret(self):
        chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*(-_=+)'
        return get_random_string(50, chars)
        # self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('SECRET KEY: "%s"' % get_random_string(50, chars)))

    def get_secret(self):
        with open('.secret_key') as file:
            return file.read()

    def set_secret(self, options):
        # if we were passed a key use it otherwise generate one
        if len(options) >= 2:
            secret_key = str(options[1])
        else:
            secret_key = self.generate_secret()
        with open('.secret_key', 'w+') as file:
            # write secret_key to the file
            file.write(secret_key)
        return self.get_secret()

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        if "generate" in options['option']:
            self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('%s' % self.generate_secret()))
        elif "get" in options['option']:
            self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('%s' % self.get_secret()))
        elif "set" in options['option']:
            # print warning
            self.stdout.write(self.style.WARNING('WARNING: You must restart the server to apply the new secret_key'))
            self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('%s' % self.set_secret(options['option'])))
        else:
            self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(self.help))
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: set_secret
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''
Run this script using python3 because of the urllib script
'''

import os
import shutil
import urllib.request

import tarfile

MODEL_NAME = 'mobilenetv2_coco_voctrainval'

#creating the downlaod link for the model selected
_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX = 'http://download.tensorflow.org/models/'

# Some models to train on
_MODEL_URLS = {
    'mobilenetv2_coco_voctrainaug':
        'deeplabv3_mnv2_pascal_train_aug_2018_01_29',
    'mobilenetv2_coco_voctrainval':
        'deeplabv3_mnv2_pascal_trainval_2018_01_29',
    'xception_coco_voctrainaug':
        'deeplabv3_pascal_train_aug_2018_01_04',
    'xception_coco_voctrainval':
        'deeplabv3_pascal_trainval_2018_01_04',
}
_TARBALL_NAME = 'deeplab_model'

#the distination folder where the model will be saved
#change this if you have a different working dir
DEST_DIR = './models/'

# Name of the object detection model to use.
MODEL = _MODEL_URLS[MODEL_NAME]

#selecting the model
MODEL_FILE = MODEL + '.tar.gz'


#checks if the model has already been downloaded, download it otherwise
if not (os.path.exists(DEST_DIR + MODEL_FILE)):
    print('Downloading Model')
    urllib.request.urlretrieve(_DOWNLOAD_URL_PREFIX + MODEL_FILE, DEST_DIR + MODEL_FILE)

print('Extracting model')

#unzipping the model and extracting its content
tar = tarfile.open(DEST_DIR + MODEL_FILE)
tar.extractall(path = DEST_DIR)
tar.close()

# creating an output file to save the model while training
os.remove(DEST_DIR + MODEL_FILE)
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  B) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  C) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  D) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  E) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import re
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

se=requests.Session()
headers={'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.62 Safari/537.36'}
info=se.get('https://nyaa.si/?p=21',verify=False,headers=headers)
html=pq(info.text)
successTr=html(".success")
defaultTr=html(".default")
allone=[]
for i in successTr:
    one={}
    one['type']='success'
    one['title']=pq(i).find("td").eq(0).find('a').attr("title")
    one['href']=pq(i).find("td").eq(1).find('a').attr("href")
    one['name']=pq(i).find("td").eq(1).find('a').text()
    if pq(i).find(".fa-download"):
        one['download']=pq(i).find(".fa-download").parent().attr("href")
    else:
        one['download']=''
    if pq(i).find(".fa-magnet"):
        one['magnet']=pq(i).find(".fa-magnet").parent().attr("href")
    else:
        one['magnet']=''
    one['size']=pq(i).find("td").eq(3).text()
    one['date']=pq(i).find("td").eq(4).text()
    allone.append(one)
for i in defaultTr:
    one={}
    one['type']='default'
    one['title']=pq(i).find("td").eq(0).find('a').attr("title")
    one['href']=pq(i).find("td").eq(1).find('a').attr("href")
    one['name']=pq(i).find("td").eq(1).find('a').text()
    if pq(i).find(".fa-download"):
        one['download']=pq(i).find(".fa-download").parent().attr("href")
    else:
        one['download']=''
    if pq(i).find(".fa-magnet"):
        one['magnet']=pq(i).find(".fa-magnet").parent().attr("href")
    else:
        one['magnet']=''
    one['size']=pq(i).find("td").eq(3).text()
    one['date']=pq(i).find("td").eq(4).text()
    allone.append(one)
print(allone)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  E) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  F) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Importing required packages
from pprint import pprint

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

# Getting page Content
page = requests.get('https://www.carwale.com/mahindra-cars/marazzo/userreviews/', verify=False)
contents = page.content
# parsing DOM using Soup
soup = BeautifulSoup(contents, 'html.parser')
# getting all data under userReviewListing
mydivs = soup.findAll(id="userReviewListing")
# getting All DIV under userReviewListing
for i in mydivs:
    for j in i.find_all("div"):  # Getting individual DIV under previous DIV
        try:
            m, n = j.find_all("span")  # Getting SPAN under DIV  One span is having rating info one SPAN is full Comment
            pprint({"Rating": m.get('class', []), "Full_Comment": n.text})  # Making Dict for Rating and Full Text
        except:
            ""

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  C) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  D) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  E) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import paramiko
import socket
import time

def brute_force_ssh(hostname,port,user,password):
    log = paramiko.util.log_to_file('log.log')
    ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh_client.load_system_host_keys()
    ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    try:
        print('Testing credentials {}:{}'.format(user,password))
        ssh_client.connect(hostname,port=port,username=user,password=password, timeout=5)
        print('credentials ok {}:{}'.format(user,password))
    except paramiko.AuthenticationException as exception:
        print('AuthenticationException:',exception)
    except socket.error as error:
        print('SocketError:',error)


def main():
    hostname = input("Enter the target hostname: ")
    port = input("Enter the target port: ")
    users = open('users.txt','r')
    users = users.readlines()
    passwords = open('passwords.txt','r')
    passwords = passwords.readlines()

    for user in users:
        for password in passwords:
            time.sleep(3)
            brute_force_ssh(hostname,port,user.rstrip(),password.rstrip())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: brute_force_ssh
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# This is the file that implements a flask server to do inferences.

import os
import json
import flask
import pandas as pd
from io import StringIO, BytesIO
import mindsdb
# Define the path
prefix = '/opt/ml/'
model_path = os.path.join(prefix, 'model')


def parse_data(content_type, data):
    '''
    Get the request content type and return data as DataFrame object
    '''
    excel_mime = ['application/vnd.ms-excel',
                  'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet']

    if content_type == 'application/json':
        req = data.json
        when_data = pd.DataFrame(req)
    elif content_type == 'text/csv':
        req = data.data.decode('utf-8')
        s = StringIO(req)
        when_data = pd.read_csv(s, header=0)
    elif content_type in excel_mime:
        req = data.data
        s = BytesIO(req)
        when_data = pd.read_excel(s, header=0)
    else:
        raise ValueError
    return when_data


# The flask app for serving predictions
app = flask.Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/ping', methods=['GET'])
def ping():
    # Check if the predictor was loaded correctly, if not throw error
    try:
        if not os.path.exists(model_path + '/mdbp_heavy_model_metadata.pickle'):
            raise IOError
        response = "Success"
        status = 200
    except Exception as e:
        response = str(e)
        status = 404
    return flask.Response(response=response,
                          status=status, mimetype='application/json')


@app.route('/invocations', methods=['POST'])
def transformation():

    # Avoid mindsdb storage path write access
    mindsdb.CONFIG.SAGEMAKER = 'True'
    mindsdb.CONFIG.MINDSDB_STORAGE_PATH = model_path

    try:
        when_data = parse_data(flask.request.content_type, flask.request)
    except ValueError:
        return flask.Response(response='This predictor supports JSON,CSV and Excel data',
                              status=415, mimetype='text/plain')

    print('Invoked with {} records'.format(when_data))
    result = mindsdb.Predictor(name='mdbp').predict(when_data=when_data)

    cconfidence = [x['Class_confidence'] for x in result]
    response = {
        'prediction': str(result[0]),
        'class_confidence': cconfidence[-1]
    }

    print('Response prediction: {}'.format(response['prediction']))
    return flask.Response(response=json.dumps(response),
                          status=200, mimetype='application/json')

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) ping
  B) parse_data
  C) transformation
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# This is the file that implements a flask server to do inferences.

import os
import json
import flask
import pandas as pd
from io import StringIO, BytesIO
import mindsdb
# Define the path
prefix = '/opt/ml/'
model_path = os.path.join(prefix, 'model')


def parse_data(content_type, data):
    '''
    Get the request content type and return data as DataFrame object
    '''
    excel_mime = ['application/vnd.ms-excel',
                  'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet']

    if content_type == 'application/json':
        req = data.json
        when_data = pd.DataFrame(req)
    elif content_type == 'text/csv':
        req = data.data.decode('utf-8')
        s = StringIO(req)
        when_data = pd.read_csv(s, header=0)
    elif content_type in excel_mime:
        req = data.data
        s = BytesIO(req)
        when_data = pd.read_excel(s, header=0)
    else:
        raise ValueError
    return when_data


# The flask app for serving predictions
app = flask.Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/ping', methods=['GET'])
def ping():
    # Check if the predictor was loaded correctly, if not throw error
    try:
        if not os.path.exists(model_path + '/mdbp_heavy_model_metadata.pickle'):
            raise IOError
        response = "Success"
        status = 200
    except Exception as e:
        response = str(e)
        status = 404
    return flask.Response(response=response,
                          status=status, mimetype='application/json')


@app.route('/invocations', methods=['POST'])
def transformation():

    # Avoid mindsdb storage path write access
    mindsdb.CONFIG.SAGEMAKER = 'True'
    mindsdb.CONFIG.MINDSDB_STORAGE_PATH = model_path

    try:
        when_data = parse_data(flask.request.content_type, flask.request)
    except ValueError:
        return flask.Response(response='This predictor supports JSON,CSV and Excel data',
                              status=415, mimetype='text/plain')

    print('Invoked with {} records'.format(when_data))
    result = mindsdb.Predictor(name='mdbp').predict(when_data=when_data)

    cconfidence = [x['Class_confidence'] for x in result]
    response = {
        'prediction': str(result[0]),
        'class_confidence': cconfidence[-1]
    }

    print('Response prediction: {}'.format(response['prediction']))
    return flask.Response(response=json.dumps(response),
                          status=200, mimetype='application/json')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: ping
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        #self.write("Hello, world")
        items = ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]
        self.render("temp.html", title="My title", items=items)

class LoginHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    file_name = "ip.txt"
    FILE = None

    def get(self):
        self.render("login.html", title="login")

    def post(self):
        usr=self.get_argument("username", "") 
        #pwd=self.get_argument("password", "") 
        self.write("Your IP have been added to the white list\n"+usr)
        self.WriteIP(usr)

    def WriteIP(self,ip):
        self.FILE = open(self.file_name, "w") 
        self.FILE.writelines(ip)

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/", MainHandler),
    (r"/login", LoginHandler),
])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) get
  B) MainHandler
  C) post
  D) LoginHandler
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        #self.write("Hello, world")
        items = ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]
        self.render("temp.html", title="My title", items=items)

class LoginHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    file_name = "ip.txt"
    FILE = None

    def get(self):
        self.render("login.html", title="login")

    def post(self):
        usr=self.get_argument("username", "") 
        #pwd=self.get_argument("password", "") 
        self.write("Your IP have been added to the white list\n"+usr)
        self.WriteIP(usr)

    def WriteIP(self,ip):
        self.FILE = open(self.file_name, "w") 
        self.FILE.writelines(ip)

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/", MainHandler),
    (r"/login", LoginHandler),
])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: post