OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding:utf-8
#@auth:yunsle
#@description:3cloud日志可视化平台

from pymongo import MongoClient
from flask import *
import json
import datetime
from bson import ObjectId
# gevent
from gevent import monkey
from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer
monkey.patch_all()
#geoip
import geoip2.database
geo_reader = geoip2.database.Reader("GeoLite2-City.mmdb")

app=Flask(__name__)
app.config.update(DEBUG=True)

conn = MongoClient('127.0.0.1',27017)
db = conn['3cloud']
db.authenticate('y*','5*')
col = db.log

geo_data = []
line_pos = 0

class JSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    '''处理ObjectId,该类型无法转为json'''
    def default(self, o):
        if isinstance(o, ObjectId):
            return str(o)
        if isinstance(o, datetime.datetime):
            return datetime.datetime.strftime(o,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, o)

#展示3D地球
@app.route("/globe")
def globe():
   return send_file("template/3D-light.html")
#展示平面地图
@app.route("/map")
def map():
   return send_file("template/2D-lines3d-gl.html")
#收集日志进行存储
@app.route("/push/data",methods=['POST'])
def pushdata():
    try:
        data = json.loads(request.get_data())
        app.logger.info(data)
        res = col.insert(data)
        res = JSONEncoder().encode(res)
    except Exception as e:
        return str(e)
    return json.dumps(res)
#查询ip经纬度
def get_geo(item):
    try:
        src = geo_reader.city(item["data"][0][0])
        dst = geo_reader.city(item["data"][1][0])
        item["data"] = [
            [src.location.longitude,src.location.latitude],
            [dst.location.longitude,dst.location.latitude]
        ]
    except Exception as e:
        app.logger.warn(e)
        return False
    return item
#获取经纬度信息进行可视化
@app.route("/get/geodata")
def getdata():
    global geo_data
    global line_pos
    line_pos_tmp = line_pos
    if geo_data == []:
        for i in col.find():
            i = get_geo(i)
            line_pos += 1
            #跳过未查到的IP，如内网IP等
            if i:
                item = JSONEncoder().encode(i)
                geo_data.append(item)
    else:
        for i in col.find().skip(line_pos_tmp):
            i = get_geo(i)
            line_pos += 1
            if i:
                item = JSONEncoder().encode(i)
                geo_data.append(item)
                print(item)
                
    return json.dumps(geo_data)
        #return jsonify(data)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=80, thread=True)
    http_server = WSGIServer(("127.0.01", 8000), app)
    http_server.serve_forever()






```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: pushdata
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import asyncio

import aiohttp
import multidict
import ujson


class ApiOperations(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.session = None
        self.default_header = multidict.CIMultiDict({})
        self.loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        self.loop.run_until_complete(self.open_session())

    async def open_session(self):
        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(headers=self.default_header, json_serialize=ujson.dumps) as session:
            self.session = session
            await self.main()

    async def async_get_wild(self, url, params=None, headers=None, jsonify_data=False):
        async with self.session.get(url, params=params, headers=headers, ssl=False) as resp:
            if jsonify_data:
                try:
                    response = await resp.json()
                except aiohttp.client_exceptions.ContentTypeError as err:
                    print(err)
                    print(await resp.text())
                    raise
            else:
                response = await resp.text()
            return response

    async def async_post_wild(self, url, payload, params=None, headers=None, jsonify_data=False):
        async with self.session.post(url, params=params, data=payload, headers=headers, ssl=False) as resp:
            if jsonify_data:
                resp = await resp.json()
            else:
                resp = await resp.text()
            return resp

    async def async_delete(self, url, headers, payload):
        async with self.session.delete(url, headers=headers, data=payload, ssl=False) as resp:
            json_resp = await resp.json()
            return json_resp

    async def main(self):
        resp = await self.async_get_wild(
            'https://eth.nanopool.org/api/v1/load_account/0x0ac7e3f5060700cf30da11a9f1a503dd8c471840',
            jsonify_data=False)
        print(resp)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    instance = ApiOperations()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: async_get_wild
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import hmac
import os
import requests
import time

from flask import abort, Flask, jsonify, request


app = Flask(__name__)


def is_request_valid(request):
    slack_signing_secret = os.environ['SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET']
    timestamp = request.headers['X-Slack-Request-Timestamp']
    slack_signature = request.headers['X-Slack-Signature']

    # Check the age of the request and reject if more that 5 minutes old
    if abs(time.time() - int(timestamp)) > 60 * 5:
        return

    # This is the recipe described here:
    # https://api.slack.com/docs/verifying-requests-from-slack
    sig_basestring = 'v0:' + timestamp + ':' + request.get_data(as_text=True)
    my_signature = 'v0=' + hmac.new(slack_signing_secret.encode('utf-8'),
            msg=sig_basestring.encode('utf-8'), digestmod='sha256').hexdigest()
    return hmac.compare_digest(my_signature, slack_signature)


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def default():
    return 'ok'


@app.route('/ping', methods=['POST'])
def ping():
    if not is_request_valid(request):
        abort(400)

    return jsonify(
            response_type='ephemeral',
            text='pong',
            )


@app.route('/lunch', methods=['POST'])
def lunch():
    if not is_request_valid(request):
        abort(400)

    url = os.environ['LUNCH_REQUEST_URL']
    if request.values.get('text'):
        url = url + '?day=' + request.values.get('text') 
    lunch_txt = requests.get(url).text
    if lunch_txt == '':
        lunch_txt = 'Got nothin\''
    
    return jsonify(
            response_type='in_channel',
            text='```' + lunch_txt + '```',
            )

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  E) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import hmac
import os
import requests
import time

from flask import abort, Flask, jsonify, request


app = Flask(__name__)


def is_request_valid(request):
    slack_signing_secret = os.environ['SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET']
    timestamp = request.headers['X-Slack-Request-Timestamp']
    slack_signature = request.headers['X-Slack-Signature']

    # Check the age of the request and reject if more that 5 minutes old
    if abs(time.time() - int(timestamp)) > 60 * 5:
        return

    # This is the recipe described here:
    # https://api.slack.com/docs/verifying-requests-from-slack
    sig_basestring = 'v0:' + timestamp + ':' + request.get_data(as_text=True)
    my_signature = 'v0=' + hmac.new(slack_signing_secret.encode('utf-8'),
            msg=sig_basestring.encode('utf-8'), digestmod='sha256').hexdigest()
    return hmac.compare_digest(my_signature, slack_signature)


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def default():
    return 'ok'


@app.route('/ping', methods=['POST'])
def ping():
    if not is_request_valid(request):
        abort(400)

    return jsonify(
            response_type='ephemeral',
            text='pong',
            )


@app.route('/lunch', methods=['POST'])
def lunch():
    if not is_request_valid(request):
        abort(400)

    url = os.environ['LUNCH_REQUEST_URL']
    if request.values.get('text'):
        url = url + '?day=' + request.values.get('text') 
    lunch_txt = requests.get(url).text
    if lunch_txt == '':
        lunch_txt = 'Got nothin\''
    
    return jsonify(
            response_type='in_channel',
            text='```' + lunch_txt + '```',
            )

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability?

  A) ping
  B) lunch
  C) default
  D) is_request_valid
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import json
import requests
import sys

from time import time
from uuid import uuid4

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request, render_template

# Instantiate our Node
app = Flask(__name__)

# Generate a globally unique address for this node
node_identifier = str(uuid4()).replace('-', '')

# get the current route
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
    node = sys.argv[1]
else:
    node = "http://localhost:8000"

def get_stats(user_id):
    data = {}
    r = requests.get(url=node + "/chain")
    # Handle non-json response
    try:
        data = r.json()
    except ValueError:
        print("Error:  Non-json response")
        print("Response returned:")
        print(r)

    if data == {}:
        return "No data found."
    else:
        wallet_total = 0
        user_transactions = []
        chain = data['chain']
        chain_length = data['len']
        for block in chain:
            for record in block['transactions']:
                if record['recipient'] == user_id or record['sender'] == user_id:
                    user_transactions.append(record)
                    if record['recipient'] == user_id:
                        wallet_total += int(record['amount'])
                    else:
                        wallet_total -= int(record['amount'])
        if len(user_transactions) == 0:
            return f'nothing found for user {user_id}'
        else:
            return jsonify({
                'user': user_id,
                'wallet_total': wallet_total,
                'user_transactions': user_transactions,
            }), 200

# Form to enter user-id to check
@app.route('/')
def my_form():
    return render_template("form_input.html")

# Form to accept input from user form
@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def my_form_post():
    user_id = request.form['text']
    return get_stats(user_id)
    # processed_text = text.upper()
    # return processed_text

# Run the program on port 8000
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='localhost', port=8080)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) my_form
  B) my_form_post
  C) get_stats
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import json
import requests
import sys

from time import time
from uuid import uuid4

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request, render_template

# Instantiate our Node
app = Flask(__name__)

# Generate a globally unique address for this node
node_identifier = str(uuid4()).replace('-', '')

# get the current route
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
    node = sys.argv[1]
else:
    node = "http://localhost:8000"

def get_stats(user_id):
    data = {}
    r = requests.get(url=node + "/chain")
    # Handle non-json response
    try:
        data = r.json()
    except ValueError:
        print("Error:  Non-json response")
        print("Response returned:")
        print(r)

    if data == {}:
        return "No data found."
    else:
        wallet_total = 0
        user_transactions = []
        chain = data['chain']
        chain_length = data['len']
        for block in chain:
            for record in block['transactions']:
                if record['recipient'] == user_id or record['sender'] == user_id:
                    user_transactions.append(record)
                    if record['recipient'] == user_id:
                        wallet_total += int(record['amount'])
                    else:
                        wallet_total -= int(record['amount'])
        if len(user_transactions) == 0:
            return f'nothing found for user {user_id}'
        else:
            return jsonify({
                'user': user_id,
                'wallet_total': wallet_total,
                'user_transactions': user_transactions,
            }), 200

# Form to enter user-id to check
@app.route('/')
def my_form():
    return render_template("form_input.html")

# Form to accept input from user form
@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def my_form_post():
    user_id = request.form['text']
    return get_stats(user_id)
    # processed_text = text.upper()
    # return processed_text

# Run the program on port 8000
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='localhost', port=8080)
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: my_form_post
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import logging

from flask import Flask, request as req

from app.controllers import pages

from app.classes.database_container import DatabaseContainer
from app.common_definitions.common_paths import PATH_TO_DATABASE
from app.database import sqlite_script

# Create and fill database with values - closes connection to
# Database was filled, objects are in memory if function call returns True
objects_in_memory = sqlite_script.initializeAndFillDatabase()


# Connect to the database through an abstracted object - this object must be imported into route files for use
databaseObject = DatabaseContainer.get_instance()


def create_app(config_filename):
    app = Flask(__name__)
    app.config.from_object(config_filename)

    app.register_blueprint(pages.blueprint)

    app.logger.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)

    @app.after_request
    def log_response(resp):
        app.logger.info("{} {} {}\n{}".format(
            req.method, req.url, req.data, resp)
        )
        return resp

    return app

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: log_response
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask
from flask import render_template

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

@app.route('/welcome')
def sign_in():
    return 'SIGN IN'

@app.route('/who-are-you')
def sign_up():
    return 'SIGN UP'

@app.route('/<username>')
def user_profile(username):
    return 'User %s PAGE' % username

@app.route('/<username>/events')
def user_events(username):
    return 'USER %s EVENTS' % username

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  B) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  F) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3.5

# import requests library
import requests

#import json library
import json

# put the ip address or dns of your apic-em controller in this url
#url = 'https://sandboxapic.cisco.com/api/v1/ticket'
url='https://devnetapi.cisco.com/sandbox/apic_em/api/v1/ticket'



#the username and password to access the APIC-EM Controller
payload = {"username":"devnetuser","password":"Cisco123!"}


#Content type must be included in the header
header = {"content-type": "application/json"}

#Performs a POST on the specified url.
response= requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(payload), headers=header, verify=False)

# print the json that is returned
print(response.text)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  B) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  D) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  E) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  F) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
''''
    adapted from: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.12/patterns/fileuploads/
'''

import os
from flask import Flask, request, redirect, flash, url_for, send_from_directory, render_template
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
from flask.ext.mobility import Mobility
from flask.ext.mobility.decorators import mobile_template


app = Flask(__name__)
Mobility(app)

DATASET_NAME = "recyclenet"
UPLOAD_FOLDER = 'ds/'
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = set(['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'])

app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = UPLOAD_FOLDER


def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1].lower() in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@mobile_template('{mobile/}upload.html')
def upload_file(template):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # check if the post request has the file part
        if 'file' not in request.files:
            flash('No file part')
            return redirect(request.url)
        file = request.files['file']
        # if user does not select file, browser also
        # submit a empty part without filename
        if file.filename == '':
            flash('No selected file')
            return redirect(request.url)
        if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
            filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
            file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
            return redirect(url_for('uploaded_file',
                                    filename=filename))
    return render_template(template)

@app.route('/uploads/<filename>')
def uploaded_file(filename):
    return send_from_directory(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'],
                               filename)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  B) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  E) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  F) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
''''
    adapted from: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.12/patterns/fileuploads/
'''

import os
from flask import Flask, request, redirect, flash, url_for, send_from_directory, render_template
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
from flask.ext.mobility import Mobility
from flask.ext.mobility.decorators import mobile_template


app = Flask(__name__)
Mobility(app)

DATASET_NAME = "recyclenet"
UPLOAD_FOLDER = 'ds/'
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = set(['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'])

app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = UPLOAD_FOLDER


def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1].lower() in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@mobile_template('{mobile/}upload.html')
def upload_file(template):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # check if the post request has the file part
        if 'file' not in request.files:
            flash('No file part')
            return redirect(request.url)
        file = request.files['file']
        # if user does not select file, browser also
        # submit a empty part without filename
        if file.filename == '':
            flash('No selected file')
            return redirect(request.url)
        if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
            filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
            file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
            return redirect(url_for('uploaded_file',
                                    filename=filename))
    return render_template(template)

@app.route('/uploads/<filename>')
def uploaded_file(filename):
    return send_from_directory(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'],
                               filename)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability?

  A) upload_file
  B) uploaded_file
  C) allowed_file
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
''''
    adapted from: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.12/patterns/fileuploads/
'''

import os
from flask import Flask, request, redirect, flash, url_for, send_from_directory, render_template
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
from flask.ext.mobility import Mobility
from flask.ext.mobility.decorators import mobile_template


app = Flask(__name__)
Mobility(app)

DATASET_NAME = "recyclenet"
UPLOAD_FOLDER = 'ds/'
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = set(['png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'])

app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = UPLOAD_FOLDER


def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1].lower() in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@mobile_template('{mobile/}upload.html')
def upload_file(template):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # check if the post request has the file part
        if 'file' not in request.files:
            flash('No file part')
            return redirect(request.url)
        file = request.files['file']
        # if user does not select file, browser also
        # submit a empty part without filename
        if file.filename == '':
            flash('No selected file')
            return redirect(request.url)
        if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
            filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
            file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
            return redirect(url_for('uploaded_file',
                                    filename=filename))
    return render_template(template)

@app.route('/uploads/<filename>')
def uploaded_file(filename):
    return send_from_directory(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'],
                               filename)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: upload_file
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import datetime
import os

from jinja2 import FileSystemLoader, Environment


class Statistic:
    def __init__(self, link, link_name):
        self.link = link
        self.link_name = link_name

    link = ""
    link_name = ""


class SubDirectory:
    def __init__(self, directory, title):
        self.directory = directory
        self.title = title

    directory = ""
    title = ""


class NavigationSideBuilder:
    sub_directories = []
    start_date = datetime
    end_date = datetime

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def add_sub_navigation(self, sub_directory, sub_title):
        self.sub_directories.append(SubDirectory(sub_directory,sub_title))
        return self

    def set_start_date(self, start_date):
        self.start_date = start_date
        return self

    def set_end_date(self, end_date):
        self.end_date = end_date
        return self

    def build(self):
        current = self.end_date
        statistics = []
        while current > self.start_date:
            next_start_date = current - datetime.timedelta(days=7)
            link_name = next_start_date.strftime("%d.%m.%Y") + " - " + current.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")
            link = "side_" + current.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")
            statistics.append(Statistic(link, link_name))
            current = next_start_date
        file_loader = FileSystemLoader(str(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
        env = Environment(loader=file_loader)
        template = env.get_template('navigation_preview.html')
        output = template.render(statistics=statistics, sub_directories=self.sub_directories)
        return output

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  D) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  E) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  F) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import datetime
import os

from jinja2 import FileSystemLoader, Environment


class Statistic:
    def __init__(self, link, link_name):
        self.link = link
        self.link_name = link_name

    link = ""
    link_name = ""


class SubDirectory:
    def __init__(self, directory, title):
        self.directory = directory
        self.title = title

    directory = ""
    title = ""


class NavigationSideBuilder:
    sub_directories = []
    start_date = datetime
    end_date = datetime

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def add_sub_navigation(self, sub_directory, sub_title):
        self.sub_directories.append(SubDirectory(sub_directory,sub_title))
        return self

    def set_start_date(self, start_date):
        self.start_date = start_date
        return self

    def set_end_date(self, end_date):
        self.end_date = end_date
        return self

    def build(self):
        current = self.end_date
        statistics = []
        while current > self.start_date:
            next_start_date = current - datetime.timedelta(days=7)
            link_name = next_start_date.strftime("%d.%m.%Y") + " - " + current.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")
            link = "side_" + current.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")
            statistics.append(Statistic(link, link_name))
            current = next_start_date
        file_loader = FileSystemLoader(str(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
        env = Environment(loader=file_loader)
        template = env.get_template('navigation_preview.html')
        output = template.render(statistics=statistics, sub_directories=self.sub_directories)
        return output

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) set_start_date
  B) SubDirectory
  C) Statistic
  D) build
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import datetime
import os

from jinja2 import FileSystemLoader, Environment


class Statistic:
    def __init__(self, link, link_name):
        self.link = link
        self.link_name = link_name

    link = ""
    link_name = ""


class SubDirectory:
    def __init__(self, directory, title):
        self.directory = directory
        self.title = title

    directory = ""
    title = ""


class NavigationSideBuilder:
    sub_directories = []
    start_date = datetime
    end_date = datetime

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def add_sub_navigation(self, sub_directory, sub_title):
        self.sub_directories.append(SubDirectory(sub_directory,sub_title))
        return self

    def set_start_date(self, start_date):
        self.start_date = start_date
        return self

    def set_end_date(self, end_date):
        self.end_date = end_date
        return self

    def build(self):
        current = self.end_date
        statistics = []
        while current > self.start_date:
            next_start_date = current - datetime.timedelta(days=7)
            link_name = next_start_date.strftime("%d.%m.%Y") + " - " + current.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")
            link = "side_" + current.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")
            statistics.append(Statistic(link, link_name))
            current = next_start_date
        file_loader = FileSystemLoader(str(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
        env = Environment(loader=file_loader)
        template = env.get_template('navigation_preview.html')
        output = template.render(statistics=statistics, sub_directories=self.sub_directories)
        return output

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: build
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
""" Module for user data accessing functions. """

import os
from hashlib import sha256

from sqlalchemy.orm.exc import NoResultFound

from models import User

from exceptions import SocketIOEventError


class LoginError(SocketIOEventError):
    """ Thrown when an issue preventing a successful login occurs. """

    event = "login_failed"


class RegistrationError(SocketIOEventError):
    """ thrown when an issue preventing registration occurs. """

    event = "registration_failed"


def get_user(session, user_id):
    """ Get a user by their id. """

    return session.query(User).filter_by(id=user_id).one()


def create_user(session, name, email, password):
    """Create a new user in the database.

    The password is salted and hashed, so the value is not stored
    in plain text.
    """

    salt = os.urandom(32)
    hashed = sha256(salt + password.encode()).digest()

    if session.query(User).filter_by(email=email).first() is not None:
        raise RegistrationError(f"{email} email address is already in use")

    user = User(name=name, email=email, password=hashed.hex(), salt=salt.hex())

    session.add(user)
    return user


def login_user(session, email, password):
    """ Attempt to authenticate the user given their email and password. """

    try:
        user = session.query(User).filter_by(email=email).one()
    except NoResultFound as error:
        raise LoginError(f"{email} not associated with a user") from error

    hash = sha256(bytes.fromhex(user.salt) + password.encode()).digest()

    if hash != bytes.fromhex(user.password):
        raise LoginError(f"Password was incorrect for {email}")

    user.ping()
    session.commit()
    return user

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  F) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json
import logging
import re
import webapp2
from models import Watcher

EMAIL_RE = re.compile(r'[^@]+@[^@]+\.[^@]+')

active_terms = [{'code': t[0], 'name': t[1]}
                for t in [
                    (1164, 'Summer Intersession 2016'),
                    (1166, 'Summer 2016'),
                    (1167, 'Fall Intersession 2016'),
                    (1169, 'Fall 2016')
                    ]]


class AppHandler(webapp2.RequestHandler):

    def watch(self):
        req = json.loads(self.request.body)
        email = str(req.get('email', ''))
        class_num = str(req.get('course', ''))
        term = str(req.get('term', ''))
        if (EMAIL_RE.match(email) is None or
                not email.endswith('uark.edu')):
            logging.warning('Email invalid: {}'.format(email))
            self.write_json({'message': 'Invalid @uark email.'}, 400)
            return
        if (not class_num.isdigit()
                or int(class_num) < 1 or int(class_num) > 100000):
            logging.warning('Course number invalid: {}'.format(class_num))
            self.write_json({'message': 'Invalid course number.'}, 400)
            return
        if (not term.isdigit()
                or not any(t['code'] == int(term) for t in active_terms)):
            logging.warning('Term code not invalid: {}'.format(term))
            self.write_json({'message': 'Invalid term number.'}, 400)
            return
        watcher = Watcher(email=email.lower(),
                          class_num=int(class_num), strm=int(term))
        watcher.put()
        self.write_json()

    def terms(self):
        self.write_json(active_terms)

    def write_json(self, response={}, status=200):
        self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
        self.response.set_status(status)
        self.response.out.write(json.dumps(response))


app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([
    webapp2.Route(r'/cron/check', methods=['GET'],
                  handler='cron.CronHandler:check'),
    webapp2.Route(r'/cron/process', methods=['POST'],
                  handler='cron.CronHandler:process'),
    webapp2.Route(r'/watch', methods=['POST'],
                  handler='handlers.AppHandler:watch'),
    webapp2.Route(r'/terms', methods=['GET'],
                  handler='handlers.AppHandler:terms'),
])

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) terms
  B) write_json
  C) watch
  D) AppHandler
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json
import logging
import re
import webapp2
from models import Watcher

EMAIL_RE = re.compile(r'[^@]+@[^@]+\.[^@]+')

active_terms = [{'code': t[0], 'name': t[1]}
                for t in [
                    (1164, 'Summer Intersession 2016'),
                    (1166, 'Summer 2016'),
                    (1167, 'Fall Intersession 2016'),
                    (1169, 'Fall 2016')
                    ]]


class AppHandler(webapp2.RequestHandler):

    def watch(self):
        req = json.loads(self.request.body)
        email = str(req.get('email', ''))
        class_num = str(req.get('course', ''))
        term = str(req.get('term', ''))
        if (EMAIL_RE.match(email) is None or
                not email.endswith('uark.edu')):
            logging.warning('Email invalid: {}'.format(email))
            self.write_json({'message': 'Invalid @uark email.'}, 400)
            return
        if (not class_num.isdigit()
                or int(class_num) < 1 or int(class_num) > 100000):
            logging.warning('Course number invalid: {}'.format(class_num))
            self.write_json({'message': 'Invalid course number.'}, 400)
            return
        if (not term.isdigit()
                or not any(t['code'] == int(term) for t in active_terms)):
            logging.warning('Term code not invalid: {}'.format(term))
            self.write_json({'message': 'Invalid term number.'}, 400)
            return
        watcher = Watcher(email=email.lower(),
                          class_num=int(class_num), strm=int(term))
        watcher.put()
        self.write_json()

    def terms(self):
        self.write_json(active_terms)

    def write_json(self, response={}, status=200):
        self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
        self.response.set_status(status)
        self.response.out.write(json.dumps(response))


app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([
    webapp2.Route(r'/cron/check', methods=['GET'],
                  handler='cron.CronHandler:check'),
    webapp2.Route(r'/cron/process', methods=['POST'],
                  handler='cron.CronHandler:process'),
    webapp2.Route(r'/watch', methods=['POST'],
                  handler='handlers.AppHandler:watch'),
    webapp2.Route(r'/terms', methods=['GET'],
                  handler='handlers.AppHandler:terms'),
])

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: watch
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# python std lib
import json
import logging
import re

# phabfive imports
from phabfive.constants import MONOGRAMS
from phabfive.core import Phabfive
from phabfive.exceptions import PhabfiveDataException, PhabfiveRemoteException

# 3rd party imports
from phabricator import APIError


log = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class Passphrase(Phabfive):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Passphrase, self).__init__()

    def _validate_identifier(self, id_):
        return re.match(f"^{MONOGRAMS['passphrase']}$", id_)

    def get_secret(self, ids):
        if not self._validate_identifier(ids):
            raise PhabfiveDataException(f"Identifier '{ids}' is not valid")

        ids = ids.replace("K", "")

        try:
            response = self.phab.passphrase.query(
                ids=[ids],
                needSecrets=1,
            )
        except APIError as e:
            raise PhabfiveRemoteException(e)

        has_data = response.get("data", {})

        if not has_data:
            raise PhabfiveDataException(f"K{ids} has no data or other error")

        # TODO: I am doing the logging wrong, in this module the loglevel
        # is INFO, even if env PHABFIVE_DEBUG=1
        log.debug(json.dumps(response["data"], indent=2))

        # When Conduit Access is not accepted for Passphrase the "response" will return value "noAPIAccess" in key "material" instead of the secret
        api_access_value = response["data"].get(next(iter(response["data"])))["material"]
        no_api_access = "noAPIAccess" in api_access_value

        if no_api_access:
            raise PhabfiveDataException(
                api_access_value.get("noAPIAccess"),
            )

        return response["data"]

    def print_secret(self, ids):
        secret = self.get_secret(ids)

        for value in secret.values():
            for secret_type, secret_value in value["material"].items():
                if secret_type == "password":
                    print(secret_value)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  B) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  C) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  F) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Answer: D