OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Exercise 34 - Birthday JSON
# For JSON

# json library
# json.dump(json_obj, file)
# json.load(file)

import json

def write_json_birthdays(f_name, birthdays):
    with open(f_name, 'w') as open_file:
        json.dump(birthdays, open_file)

def read_json_birthdays(f_name):
    with open(f_name, 'r') as open_file:
        return json.load(open_file)
    

if __name__ == "__main__":
    birthdays = {
        'Albert Einstein': '03/14/1879',
        'Benjamin Franklin': '01/17/1706',
        'Ada Lovelace': '12/10/1815',
        'Donald Trump': '06/14/1946',
        'Rowan Atkinson': '01/6/1955'
    }

    texts = {
        'intro': 'Welcome to the birthday dictionary. We know the birthdays of: ',
        'prompt': 'Who\'s birthday do you want to look up? ',
        'no_name': 'Sorry, that name is not in the dictionary. '
    }

    f_name = 'birthdays.json'
    write_json_birthdays(f_name, birthdays)
    bdays_json = read_json_birthdays(f_name)

    print(texts['intro'])
    for key in bdays_json.keys():
        print(key)
    name = raw_input(texts['prompt'])
    
    if name in bdays_json:
        print("{}'s birthday is {}.".format(name, bdays_json[name]))
    else:
        print(texts['no_name'])

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from datetime import timedelta

from flask import abort, flash, redirect, render_template, request, url_for
from flask_login import LoginManager, login_required, login_user, logout_user
from werkzeug.security import check_password_hash

from multilens.ext.db.models import User
from multilens.ext.site import is_safe_url
from multilens.ext.site.form import FormLogin

login_manager = LoginManager()


def init_app(app):
    login_manager.init_app(app)
    login_manager.login_view = "login"
    app.permanent_session_lifetime = timedelta(hours=1)

    @app.route("/login", methods=["GET", "POST"])
    def login():
        if request.method == "GET":
            return render_template("auth/login.html", form=FormLogin(request.form))

        elif request.method == "POST":
            form = FormLogin(request.form)
            response = validate_user(form.username.data, form.passwd.data)

            next_url = request.args.get("next")
            if not is_safe_url(next_url):
                abort(400)

            if response["success"]:
                login_user(response["user"])

            else:
                flash(response["message"], "is-danger")

            return redirect(next_url or url_for("site.index"))

    @app.route("/logout", methods=["GET"])
    @login_required
    def logout():
        logout_user()
        return redirect(url_for("login"))


@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    return User.get(id=user_id)


def validate_user(username: str, password: str):
    user = User.get(user=username)
    if user is None:
        response = {"success": False, "message": "Usuario não cadastrado!"}

    elif check_password_hash(user.password, password):
        response = {
            "success": True,
            "message": "Usuario logado com successo!",
            "user": user,
        }

    else:
        response = {"success": False, "message": "Senha invalida"}

    return response


@login_manager.unauthorized_handler
def unauthorized():
    flash("Você precisa estar logado para acessar esta página.", "is-danger")
    return redirect(url_for("login", next=request.url))

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability?

  A) logout
  B) unauthorized
  C) login
  D) load_user
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from datetime import timedelta

from flask import abort, flash, redirect, render_template, request, url_for
from flask_login import LoginManager, login_required, login_user, logout_user
from werkzeug.security import check_password_hash

from multilens.ext.db.models import User
from multilens.ext.site import is_safe_url
from multilens.ext.site.form import FormLogin

login_manager = LoginManager()


def init_app(app):
    login_manager.init_app(app)
    login_manager.login_view = "login"
    app.permanent_session_lifetime = timedelta(hours=1)

    @app.route("/login", methods=["GET", "POST"])
    def login():
        if request.method == "GET":
            return render_template("auth/login.html", form=FormLogin(request.form))

        elif request.method == "POST":
            form = FormLogin(request.form)
            response = validate_user(form.username.data, form.passwd.data)

            next_url = request.args.get("next")
            if not is_safe_url(next_url):
                abort(400)

            if response["success"]:
                login_user(response["user"])

            else:
                flash(response["message"], "is-danger")

            return redirect(next_url or url_for("site.index"))

    @app.route("/logout", methods=["GET"])
    @login_required
    def logout():
        logout_user()
        return redirect(url_for("login"))


@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    return User.get(id=user_id)


def validate_user(username: str, password: str):
    user = User.get(user=username)
    if user is None:
        response = {"success": False, "message": "Usuario não cadastrado!"}

    elif check_password_hash(user.password, password):
        response = {
            "success": True,
            "message": "Usuario logado com successo!",
            "user": user,
        }

    else:
        response = {"success": False, "message": "Senha invalida"}

    return response


@login_manager.unauthorized_handler
def unauthorized():
    flash("Você precisa estar logado para acessar esta página.", "is-danger")
    return redirect(url_for("login", next=request.url))

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: login
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

import click
import json
from flask import Flask, request


# Init with default config
app = Flask(__name__)
HEADERS = {
    'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
    'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
}


@click.command()
@click.option('--port', default=8888, metavar='<portNum>', show_default=True)
@click.option('--debug', default=False, is_flag=True, metavar='')
def run(port, debug):
    """
    Entry point to execute script (runs the web server)
    """
    return init_api(port, debug)


def init_api(port=8888, debug=False):
    """
    Runs web server
    """
    app.logger.info("Starting api with config: " + str(app.config))
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port, debug=debug, threaded=True)


@app.route("/")
def ask():
    text = request.args.get('text', '<default-text>')
    response = {
        "status": "ok",
        "input": request.args,
        "text-input": text,
        "output": "All Good :)"
    }
    return (json.dumps(response), 200, HEADERS)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  B) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  C) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

import click
import json
from flask import Flask, request


# Init with default config
app = Flask(__name__)
HEADERS = {
    'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
    'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
}


@click.command()
@click.option('--port', default=8888, metavar='<portNum>', show_default=True)
@click.option('--debug', default=False, is_flag=True, metavar='')
def run(port, debug):
    """
    Entry point to execute script (runs the web server)
    """
    return init_api(port, debug)


def init_api(port=8888, debug=False):
    """
    Runs web server
    """
    app.logger.info("Starting api with config: " + str(app.config))
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port, debug=debug, threaded=True)


@app.route("/")
def ask():
    text = request.args.get('text', '<default-text>')
    response = {
        "status": "ok",
        "input": request.args,
        "text-input": text,
        "output": "All Good :)"
    }
    return (json.dumps(response), 200, HEADERS)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) init_api
  B) run
  C) ask
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

import click
import json
from flask import Flask, request


# Init with default config
app = Flask(__name__)
HEADERS = {
    'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
    'content-type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
}


@click.command()
@click.option('--port', default=8888, metavar='<portNum>', show_default=True)
@click.option('--debug', default=False, is_flag=True, metavar='')
def run(port, debug):
    """
    Entry point to execute script (runs the web server)
    """
    return init_api(port, debug)


def init_api(port=8888, debug=False):
    """
    Runs web server
    """
    app.logger.info("Starting api with config: " + str(app.config))
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port, debug=debug, threaded=True)


@app.route("/")
def ask():
    text = request.args.get('text', '<default-text>')
    response = {
        "status": "ok",
        "input": request.args,
        "text-input": text,
        "output": "All Good :)"
    }
    return (json.dumps(response), 200, HEADERS)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: ask
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import pymysql
import logging
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler

from flask import Flask, request, render_template, redirect, url_for, flash, session
app = Flask(__name__)

# @app.route('/')
@app.route('/login/', methods=['GET','POST'])
def login():
    error=None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        if valid_login(request.form['username'], request.form['password']):
            flash("Successfully logged in")
            # response = make_response(redirect(url_for('welcome')))
            # response.set_cookie('username', request.form.get('username'))
            # return response
            session['username'] = request.form.get('username')
            return redirect(url_for('welcome'))
        else:
            error = 'Incorrect'
            app.logger.warning("Incorrect username and password for user (%s)", request.form.get('username'))
    return render_template('login.html', error=error)

def valid_login(username, password):
    # mysql
    MYSQL_DATABASE_HOST = os.getenv('IP', '0.0.0.0')
    MYSQL_DATABASE_USER = 'fadziljusri'
    MYSQL_DATABASE_PASSWORD = ''
    MYSQL_DATABASE_DB = 'flask_app'
    conn = pymysql.connect(
        host=MYSQL_DATABASE_HOST,
        user=MYSQL_DATABASE_USER,
        passwd=MYSQL_DATABASE_PASSWORD,
        db=MYSQL_DATABASE_DB
        )
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='%s' AND password='%s'" % (username, password))
    data = cursor.fetchone()
    if data:
        return True
    else:
        return False
        
@app.route('/logout/')
def logout():
    # response = make_response(redirect(url_for('login')))
    # response.set_cookie('username', '', expires=0)
    # return response
    session.pop('username')
    return redirect(url_for('login'))
    
@app.route('/')
def welcome():
    # username = request.cookies.get('username')
    # if username:
    if 'username' in session:
        return render_template('welcome.html', username=session['username'])
    return redirect(url_for('login'))
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    host = os.getenv('IP','0.0.0.0')
    port = int(os.getenv('PORT', 5000))
    app.debug = True
    app.secret_key = '\xe6\x8eV\xbaS\xbf\xe4\x0cM\x17\xe0\xa1{\xd6L\x94\xa8\x95\x19WIP\xb9O'
    
    # logging
    handler = RotatingFileHandler('error.log', maxBytes=10000, backupCount=1)
    handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
    app.logger.addHandler(handler)
    
    app.run(host=host, port=port)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability?

  A) valid_login
  B) welcome
  C) logout
  D) login
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Blueprint, render_template, flash, redirect, url_for, request
from flask.ext.login import current_user, login_required, login_user, logout_user, confirm_login
from chalice.extensions import lm
from chalice.auth.models import User
from sqlalchemy import and_

auth = Blueprint('auth', __name__, template_folder = 'templates')

lm.login_view = 'auth.login'
lm.login_message = u'Please log in to access this page.'
lm.refresh_view = 'auth.reauth'

@lm.user_loader
def load_user(uid):
    return User.query.get(int(uid))

@auth.route('/login', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'POST' and 'username' in request.form:
        uname = request.form['username']
        upass = request.form['password']
        user = User.query.filter(and_(User.name == uname, User.password == upass)).first()
        if user:
            remember = request.form.get('remember', 'no') == 'yes'
            if login_user(user, remember = remember):
                return redirect(request.args.get('next') or url_for('blog.show_posts'))
            else:
                flash('Could not log you in for some strange reason')
        else:
            flash('Invalid username or password')
    return render_template('login.html')

@auth.route('/reauth', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
def reauth():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        confirm_login()
        return redirect(request.args.get('next') or url_for('blog.show_posts'))
    return render_template('reauth.html')

@auth.route('/logout')
@login_required
def logout():
    logout_user()
    return redirect(url_for('blog.show_posts'))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  B) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  C) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  D) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

path = os.getenv("APPDATA") +  "\\CoreTech\\options.opt"
user = ""
passwd = ""

#Window definition
root = tk.Tk() 
root.title("Configurazione")
root.geometry('300x140+50-50')
root.resizable(tk.FALSE,tk.FALSE)
root.attributes("-topmost", 1)
root.iconbitmap("coretech_logo_icona.ico")

def buttonOk_handler():
    user = userEntry.get()
    passwd = passwdEntry.get()
    with open(path, "w") as opt_file:
        opt_file.writelines([user, "\n", passwd])
    root.quit()

def buttonClear_handler():
    userEntry.delete(0, tk.END)
    passwdEntry.delete(0, tk.END)

#Username:
username = tk.StringVar()
userEntry = ttk.Entry(root, width=35, textvariable=username)
userEntry.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=15, columnspan=2)

#Password:
password = tk.StringVar()
passwdEntry = ttk.Entry(root, width=35, textvariable=password)
passwdEntry.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=5, columnspan=2)

#Label Username:
userLabel = ttk.Label(text="Username:")
userLabel.grid(column=1, row=1, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=15)

#Label Password:
passwdLabel = ttk.Label(text="Password:")
passwdLabel.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=5)

#Pulsante Ok:
buttonOk = ttk.Button(root, text="Ok", command=buttonOk_handler)
buttonOk.grid(row=3, column=2, padx=33, pady=15, sticky=('W'))

#Pulsante Clear:
buttonClear = ttk.Button(root, text="Clear", command=buttonClear_handler)
buttonClear.grid(row=3, column=3, pady=15, sticky=('W'))

root.mainloop()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  B) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  D) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

path = os.getenv("APPDATA") +  "\\CoreTech\\options.opt"
user = ""
passwd = ""

#Window definition
root = tk.Tk() 
root.title("Configurazione")
root.geometry('300x140+50-50')
root.resizable(tk.FALSE,tk.FALSE)
root.attributes("-topmost", 1)
root.iconbitmap("coretech_logo_icona.ico")

def buttonOk_handler():
    user = userEntry.get()
    passwd = passwdEntry.get()
    with open(path, "w") as opt_file:
        opt_file.writelines([user, "\n", passwd])
    root.quit()

def buttonClear_handler():
    userEntry.delete(0, tk.END)
    passwdEntry.delete(0, tk.END)

#Username:
username = tk.StringVar()
userEntry = ttk.Entry(root, width=35, textvariable=username)
userEntry.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=15, columnspan=2)

#Password:
password = tk.StringVar()
passwdEntry = ttk.Entry(root, width=35, textvariable=password)
passwdEntry.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=5, columnspan=2)

#Label Username:
userLabel = ttk.Label(text="Username:")
userLabel.grid(column=1, row=1, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=15)

#Label Password:
passwdLabel = ttk.Label(text="Password:")
passwdLabel.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=('W', 'E'), padx=5, pady=5)

#Pulsante Ok:
buttonOk = ttk.Button(root, text="Ok", command=buttonOk_handler)
buttonOk.grid(row=3, column=2, padx=33, pady=15, sticky=('W'))

#Pulsante Clear:
buttonClear = ttk.Button(root, text="Clear", command=buttonClear_handler)
buttonClear.grid(row=3, column=3, pady=15, sticky=('W'))

root.mainloop()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: buttonOk_handler
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import tarfile
from six.moves import cPickle as pickle
from six.moves.urllib.request import urlretrieve
import h5py
import genSVHNdict

def prepData():
	url = 'http://ufldl.stanford.edu/housenumbers/'

	def get_SVHN(filename, expected_bytes, force=False):
		if force or not os.path.exists(filename):
			print 'Downloading:', filename
			filename, _ = urlretrieve(url + filename, filename)
			print 'Download Complete'
		statinfo = os.stat(filename)
		if statinfo.st_size == expected_bytes:
			print 'Found and verified', filename
		else:
			raise Exception(
				'Failed to verify ' + filename + '. Can you get to it with a browser?')
		return filename

	train_filename = get_SVHN('train.tar.gz', 404141560)
	test_filename = get_SVHN('test.tar.gz', 276555967)

	def extract(filename, force=False):
		root = os.path.splitext(os.path.splitext(filename)[0])[0]  # remove .tar.gz
		if os.path.isdir(root) and not force:
			print '%s already present - Skipping extraction of %s.' % (root, filename)
		else:
			print 'Extracting data for %s. This may take a while. Please wait.' % root
			tar = tarfile.open(filename)
			tar.extractall()
			tar.close()
		data_folders = root
		print data_folders, "data extraction complete."
		return data_folders
		
	train_folders = extract(train_filename)
	test_folders = extract(test_filename)

	pickle_file = 'SVHN-dictionaries.pickle'

	if not os.path.exists(pickle_file):
		print "Creating dictionaries from digitStruct files."
		train_struct = h5py.File('train/digitStruct.mat')
		train_dictionary, train_samples = genSVHNdict.createDictionary(train_struct)
		print "Train dictionary complete."
		print "Train samples:", train_samples

		test_struct = h5py.File('test/digitStruct.mat')
		test_dictionary, test_samples = genSVHNdict.createDictionary(test_struct)
		print "Test dictionary complete."
		print "Test samples:", test_samples

		try:
			f = open(pickle_file, 'wb')
			save = {
				'train_dictionary': train_dictionary,
				'test_dictionary': test_dictionary,
			}
			pickle.dump(save, f, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
			f.close()
		except Exception as e:
			print 'Unable to save data to', pickle_file, ':', e
			raise
			
	statinfo = os.stat(pickle_file)
	print 'Compressed pickle size:', statinfo.st_size

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) get_SVHN
  B) extract
  C) prepData
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from datetime import datetime
import os
from typing import Dict, Tuple, Union, Any

from flask import Flask, request


def create_app(run_as_test: bool=False) -> Flask:
    app = Flask(__name__)
    if run_as_test is False:
        app.config["SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"] = os.environ["DATABASE_URI"]
    else:
        app.config["SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI"] = "sqlite:///:memory:"
    app.config["SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS"] = False

    from app.model import db, Memory

    db.init_app(app)

    if run_as_test:
        with app.app_context():
            db.create_all()

    # TODO create dataclass and replace Any
    def serialize_memory(memory: Memory) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "id": memory.id,
            "content": memory.content,
            "date_added": memory.date_added,
            "tags": [],
            "next_id": -1,
            "previous_id": -1,
            "concurrent_ids": [],
        }

    @app.route("/")
    def index() -> str:
        return "Memories API"

    @app.route("/memories", methods=["GET"])
    def get_memories() -> Dict[str, Dict[str, str]]:
        memories = Memory.query.all()
        return {x.id: serialize_memory(x) for x in memories}

    @app.route("/memories/<int:id>", methods=["GET"])
    def get_memory(id: int) -> Union[Dict[str, str], Tuple[str, int]]:
        memories = Memory.query.all()
        data = {x.id: serialize_memory(x) for x in memories}
        try:
            return data[id]
        except KeyError:
            return f"Record not found for id {id}", 400

    @app.route("/memories", methods=["POST"])
    def post_memory() -> Dict[str, str]:
        content = request.form.get("content")

        memory = Memory(content=content, date_added=int(today()))
        db.session.add(memory)
        db.session.commit()
        id = memory.id

        memories = Memory.query.all()
        data = {x.id: serialize_memory(x) for x in memories}
        return data[id]

    @app.cli.command("create-db")
    def create_db() -> None:
        print("Creating database")
        db.create_all()
        return

    return app


def today(date_format: str = "%Y%m%d") -> str:
    return datetime.today().strftime(date_format)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) get_memory
  B) create_db
  C) create_app
  D) serialize_memory
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Generates HTML grid for gallery examples"""
import os
import glob
import jinja2

from utils import to_presentation_name, to_snake_case_layer_name


here = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
EXAMPLE_GLOB = "../examples/*_layer.py"
layer_names = sorted([to_snake_case_layer_name(layer_name) for layer_name in glob.glob(EXAMPLE_GLOB)])


HTML_TEMPLATE = jinja2.Template(
    """
<style>
.wrapper {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 20px;
}
.grid-cell {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 60px;
  position: relative;

}
.thumb-text {
  z-index: 1;
  margin-left: 2px;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  position: absolute;
  font-weight: 100;
  color: white;
  background: charcoal;
}
.grid-cell:hover {
  filter: hue-rotate(3.142rad);
}

</style>

<div class='wrapper'>
{% for layer_name in layer_names %}
  {# Sphinx decides where these files get hosted but it's /_images #}
  <div class='grid-cell'>
      <a href="./gallery/{{layer_name}}.html">
    <img width="200" src="./_images/{{layer_name}}.png"></img>
      <div class='thumb-text'>{{ to_presentation_name(layer_name) }}</div></a>
  </div>
{% endfor %}
</div>
"""
)


def main():
    doc_source = HTML_TEMPLATE.render(layer_names=layer_names, to_presentation_name=to_presentation_name)
    with open(os.path.join(here, "../gallery/html/grid.html"), "w+") as f:
        f.write(doc_source)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  B) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  F) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
''' Task11.py '''

from random import randint
from task9 import pad_bytes_size
from task10 import MyCBC
from Crypto.Cipher import AES


def random_AES_key():
    return bytes([randint(0, 255) for _ in range(16)])


def encryption_oracle(plaintext):

    new_key = random_AES_key()
    new_iv = bytes([randint(0, 255) for _ in range(16)])

    header = bytes([randint(0, 255)]) * randint(5, 10)
    trailer = bytes([randint(0, 255)]) * randint(5, 10)
    complete_payload = pad_bytes_size(header + plaintext + trailer, 16)

    if randint(0, 1):
        print('Encrypting CBC!')
        cipher = MyCBC(bytes([randint(0, 255) for _ in range(16)]), new_key)
    else:
        print('Encrypting ECB!')
        cipher = AES.new(new_key, AES.MODE_ECB)

    ciphertext = bytearray()
    for x in range(0, len(complete_payload), 16):
        ciphertext += cipher.encrypt(complete_payload[x:x+16])

    return ciphertext


def ecb_cbc_detection():
    ptext = b'X' * 256
    ctext = encryption_oracle(ptext)
    print("Ciphertext length:", len(ctext))
    blocks = [bytes(ctext[i:i + 15]) for i in range(0, len(ctext), 16)]
    for x, y in enumerate(blocks):
        print("Block: ", x, ":", y)
    if blocks[1] == blocks[2]:
        return 'ECB'
    else:
        return 'CBC'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(random_AES_key())
    for x in range(20):
        print(ecb_cbc_detection())
        print("")
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  B) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  E) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  F) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
''' Task11.py '''

from random import randint
from task9 import pad_bytes_size
from task10 import MyCBC
from Crypto.Cipher import AES


def random_AES_key():
    return bytes([randint(0, 255) for _ in range(16)])


def encryption_oracle(plaintext):

    new_key = random_AES_key()
    new_iv = bytes([randint(0, 255) for _ in range(16)])

    header = bytes([randint(0, 255)]) * randint(5, 10)
    trailer = bytes([randint(0, 255)]) * randint(5, 10)
    complete_payload = pad_bytes_size(header + plaintext + trailer, 16)

    if randint(0, 1):
        print('Encrypting CBC!')
        cipher = MyCBC(bytes([randint(0, 255) for _ in range(16)]), new_key)
    else:
        print('Encrypting ECB!')
        cipher = AES.new(new_key, AES.MODE_ECB)

    ciphertext = bytearray()
    for x in range(0, len(complete_payload), 16):
        ciphertext += cipher.encrypt(complete_payload[x:x+16])

    return ciphertext


def ecb_cbc_detection():
    ptext = b'X' * 256
    ctext = encryption_oracle(ptext)
    print("Ciphertext length:", len(ctext))
    blocks = [bytes(ctext[i:i + 15]) for i in range(0, len(ctext), 16)]
    for x, y in enumerate(blocks):
        print("Block: ", x, ":", y)
    if blocks[1] == blocks[2]:
        return 'ECB'
    else:
        return 'CBC'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(random_AES_key())
    for x in range(20):
        print(ecb_cbc_detection())
        print("")
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) ecb_cbc_detection
  B) encryption_oracle
  C) random_AES_key
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding=utf-8
# @File  : encryption.py
# @Author: PuJi
# @Date  : 2018/4/17 0017

import rsa, os, sys

utilspath = os.path.split(__file__)[0]
# utilspath = os.getcwd()
pubkeypath = os.path.join(utilspath, 'public.pem')
privkeypath = os.path.join(utilspath, 'private.pem')
# pubkeypath = baseconfig.pubkeypath
# privkeypath = baseconfig.privkeypath


class RSAHelper(object):

    def __init__(self):
        if os.path.isfile(pubkeypath):
            with open(pubkeypath) as publickfile:
                p = publickfile.read()
                self.pubkeybytes = p
                self.pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(p)
            with open(privkeypath) as privatefile:
                p = privatefile.read()
                self.privkeybytes = p
                self.privkey = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(p)
        else:
            (self.pubkey, self.privkey) = self.generate()

    def generate(self):
        (self.pubkey, self.privkey) = rsa.newkeys(1024)
        pub = self.pubkey.save_pkcs1()
        with open(pubkeypath, 'w+') as pubfile:
            pubfile.write(pub)
        pri = self.privkey.save_pkcs1()
        with open(privkeypath, 'w+') as prifile:
            prifile.write(pri)
        return (self.pubkey, self.privkey)

    def load(self):
        with open(pubkeypath) as publickfile:
            p = publickfile.read()
            self.pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(p)
        with open(privkeypath) as privatefile:
            p = privatefile.read()
            self.privkey = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(p)

    def loads(self):
        with open(pubkeypath) as publickfile:
            p = publickfile.read()
            self.pubkeybytes = p
        with open(privkeypath) as privatefile:
            p = privatefile.read()
            self.privkeybytes = p

    def encry(self, pubkey, comment):
        return rsa.encrypt(comment, pubkey)

    def decrypt(self, prikey, message):
        return rsa.decrypt(message, prikey)


rsahelper = RSAHelper()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = RSAHelper()
    print(test.load())
    message = test.encry(test.pubkey, "123")
    print(message)
    password = test.decrypt(test.privkey, message)
    print(password)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability?

  A) decrypt
  B) loads
  C) __init__
  D) generate
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding=utf-8
# @File  : encryption.py
# @Author: PuJi
# @Date  : 2018/4/17 0017

import rsa, os, sys

utilspath = os.path.split(__file__)[0]
# utilspath = os.getcwd()
pubkeypath = os.path.join(utilspath, 'public.pem')
privkeypath = os.path.join(utilspath, 'private.pem')
# pubkeypath = baseconfig.pubkeypath
# privkeypath = baseconfig.privkeypath


class RSAHelper(object):

    def __init__(self):
        if os.path.isfile(pubkeypath):
            with open(pubkeypath) as publickfile:
                p = publickfile.read()
                self.pubkeybytes = p
                self.pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(p)
            with open(privkeypath) as privatefile:
                p = privatefile.read()
                self.privkeybytes = p
                self.privkey = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(p)
        else:
            (self.pubkey, self.privkey) = self.generate()

    def generate(self):
        (self.pubkey, self.privkey) = rsa.newkeys(1024)
        pub = self.pubkey.save_pkcs1()
        with open(pubkeypath, 'w+') as pubfile:
            pubfile.write(pub)
        pri = self.privkey.save_pkcs1()
        with open(privkeypath, 'w+') as prifile:
            prifile.write(pri)
        return (self.pubkey, self.privkey)

    def load(self):
        with open(pubkeypath) as publickfile:
            p = publickfile.read()
            self.pubkey = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(p)
        with open(privkeypath) as privatefile:
            p = privatefile.read()
            self.privkey = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(p)

    def loads(self):
        with open(pubkeypath) as publickfile:
            p = publickfile.read()
            self.pubkeybytes = p
        with open(privkeypath) as privatefile:
            p = privatefile.read()
            self.privkeybytes = p

    def encry(self, pubkey, comment):
        return rsa.encrypt(comment, pubkey)

    def decrypt(self, prikey, message):
        return rsa.decrypt(message, prikey)


rsahelper = RSAHelper()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = RSAHelper()
    print(test.load())
    message = test.encry(test.pubkey, "123")
    print(message)
    password = test.decrypt(test.privkey, message)
    print(password)
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability.
Answer: generate
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import json


def printLine():
    print('=' * 80)


def getPublicIP():
    print('请将显示的公网IP地址，填至需要删除应用的服务器出口ip中')
    print('请稍后，正在请求服务器...')
    url = 'http://www.trackip.net/ip'
    try:
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
        print(r.text)
    except:
        print('未能获取到公网IP地址')


def printMenu():
    print('钉钉E应用，微应用删除程序，请请按照提示输入应用参数（仅测试企业内部应用删除功能）')
    print('本程序用到的文档在链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1lX4En7I4BlZxwhAARxFtHQ 提取码: vcyn 查看')
    print('所需要的参数请登录钉钉后台：https://open-dev.dingtalk.com/#/appList 中找到需要删除的App信息')
    printLine()
    getPublicIP()
    printLine()

    agentId = input('1>输入AgentId-->')
    key = input('2>输入appkey-->')
    secret = input('3>输入appsecret-->')
    printLine()
    return agentId, key, secret


def getAccessToken(key, secret):
    url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/gettoken?appkey=%s&appsecret=%s' % (key, secret)
    print('获取access_token的API地址是：', url)
    try:
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
        print('获取access_token返回JSON：' + r.text)
        # 取得返回json中的access_token
        access_token = json.loads(str(r.text)).get('access_token')
        return access_token
    except:
        # TODO 不需要重新启动也可以修改所需值
        print('无法请求到数据，请重新运行本程序。当前执行模块：getAccessToken')


def deleteApp(access_token, agentId):
    # TODO 是否有必要加上验证，防止误删
    url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/microapp/delete?access_token=%s' % access_token
    data = {
        'agentId': agentId
    }
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    try:
        r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data), timeout=30)
        print('删除应用返回JSON：' + r.text)
        print('如果返回信息为ok，即为删除成功。其他文档请参考返回码的文本描述内容')
    except:
        print('无法请求到数据，请重新运行本程序。当前执行模块：DeleteApp')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    agentId, key, secret = printMenu()
    access_token = getAccessToken(key, secret)
    deleteApp(access_token, agentId)
    printLine()
    input('按任意键结束程序')

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  B) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  D) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  E) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  F) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sat Dec 22 12:12:53 2018

@author: logesh
"""
#import statements
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import re
import nltk
from nltk.corpus import stopwords
from nltk.stem import WordNetLemmatizer
import unicodedata
from pattern.en import suggest
import contractions
pattern = re.compile(r"(.)\1{2,}")
tokenizer = nltk.TweetTokenizer(strip_handles=True)
stopword_list = nltk.corpus.stopwords.words('english')
#url and hyperlinks removal
def remove_url(doc):
    doc = re.sub(r'https?:\/\/.*[\r\n]*','',doc)
    doc = doc.lower()
    return doc
        
#remove special characters
def remove_special_characters(text):
    text = re.sub('[^a-zA-z\s]', '', text)
    return text

#tokenization
def tokenize_text(doc):
    tokens=tokenizer.tokenize(doc)
    filtered_tokens = [token for token in tokens if token not in stopword_list]
    return(" ".join(filtered_tokens))   

#Remove additional characters    
def reduce_lengthening(text):
    return pattern.sub(r"\1\1", text)
        
#remove accented characters
def remove_accented_chars(text):
    text = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', text).encode('ascii', 'ignore').decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
    return text
  
#lemmentization
def lemmetize(text):
    lem = WordNetLemmatizer()
    tokens = text.split(" ")
    list1 = [lem.lemmatize(token,pos='v') for token in tokens]
    return(" ".join(list1))
   
#Replace contractions in string of text    
def replace_contractions(text):
    return(contractions.fix(text)) 

    


def normalize(sentences):
    count=0
    nor_sentences = []
    for doc in sentences:
        doc = remove_url(doc)
        doc = replace_contractions(doc)
        doc = tokenize_text(doc)
        doc = remove_special_characters(doc)
        doc = remove_accented_chars(doc)
        doc = reduce_lengthening(doc)
        doc = lemmetize(doc)
        doc = re.sub(' +', ' ', doc)
        nor_sentences.append(doc)
        count = count+1
        print(count) 
    return(nor_sentences)    
        
        
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  B) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  C) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  D) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  E) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  F) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Answer: D