OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import io
import logging
import re
from xml.etree import ElementTree

import requests

from django.core.files import File

from app.exceptions import PFPApiBadInputError
from app.models import SchemaItemsID, Schema
from settings.settings import PFP_API_URL_GET_SCHEMA

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

ElementTree.register_namespace('', 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg')


def process_new_svg(file_name) -> Schema:
    """Process and save new schema."""
    logger.debug('processing new schema')

    response = requests.get(PFP_API_URL_GET_SCHEMA(schema_id=file_name), stream=True)
    if not response.ok:
        raise PFPApiBadInputError(response.status_code, response.reason)

    svg = fix_svg(response.text)
    schema_inst = Schema.init_with_content(file_name, svg)
    schema_inst.save()

    return schema_inst


def fix_svg(svg_content: str) -> File:
    """Return file object with fixed svg content."""
    tree = ElementTree.fromstring(svg_content)
    tree = ElementTree.ElementTree(tree)

    ids = []

    for element in tree.findall('.//*[@id]'):
        # pure algorithm - skipping IDs in referencing attributes.
        id_ = element.attrib['id']
        id_cleaned = map_original_id(id_)

        element.set('id', id_cleaned)
        ids.append(SchemaItemsID(id_original=id_, id_mapped=id_cleaned))

    SchemaItemsID.objects.bulk_create_or_update(ids)

    svg = io.BytesIO()
    tree.write(svg, encoding='UTF-8')
    return File(svg)


def map_original_id(id_: str):
    return f'{fix_svg_item_id(id_)}_{hash_string(id_)[:8]}'


def fix_svg_item_id(id_: str):
    """Все элементы кроме чисел и букв подменяются на `_`

    Почему-то точка (.) и дефис (-) не обрабатываются в JS.
    """
    id_ = re.sub(r'[^\w0-9]+', '_', id_)
    return id_.lower()


def hash_string(string) -> str:
    return hashlib.sha224(string.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  C) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  D) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  E) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  F) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding:utf-8

from flask import request
from flask_restful import Resource

from sigda.config.response import JsonResponse
from sigda.config.common import ErrorCode
from sigda.comment.forms import CommentForm
from sigda.comment.services import CommentDbService
from sigda.user.services import UserDbService

import logging

class CreateComment(Resource):

    def post(self):
        
        logging.debug('%r'%request.form)
        form = CommentForm(request.form)
        if not form.validate():
            logging.error('Invalid request')
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, form.errors)

        username = form.username.data 
        user = UserDbService.get_user_by_name(username)
        if not user:
            logging.error('{} not found'.format(username))
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, 'user not found')

        contextid = int(form.contextid.data)
        content = form.content.data
        respto = form.respto.data


        comment = CommentDbService.add(contextid, user.id, content, respto)
        if not comment:
            logging.error('add comment failed')
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, 'add comment failed')

        logging.debug('create comment success')
        return JsonResponse({'username':username, 'content':content, 'respto':respto})


```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding:utf-8

from flask import request
from flask_restful import Resource

from sigda.config.response import JsonResponse
from sigda.config.common import ErrorCode
from sigda.comment.forms import CommentForm
from sigda.comment.services import CommentDbService
from sigda.user.services import UserDbService

import logging

class CreateComment(Resource):

    def post(self):
        
        logging.debug('%r'%request.form)
        form = CommentForm(request.form)
        if not form.validate():
            logging.error('Invalid request')
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, form.errors)

        username = form.username.data 
        user = UserDbService.get_user_by_name(username)
        if not user:
            logging.error('{} not found'.format(username))
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, 'user not found')

        contextid = int(form.contextid.data)
        content = form.content.data
        respto = form.respto.data


        comment = CommentDbService.add(contextid, user.id, content, respto)
        if not comment:
            logging.error('add comment failed')
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, 'add comment failed')

        logging.debug('create comment success')
        return JsonResponse({'username':username, 'content':content, 'respto':respto})


```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability?

  A) CreateComment
  B) post
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding:utf-8

from flask import request
from flask_restful import Resource

from sigda.config.response import JsonResponse
from sigda.config.common import ErrorCode
from sigda.comment.forms import CommentForm
from sigda.comment.services import CommentDbService
from sigda.user.services import UserDbService

import logging

class CreateComment(Resource):

    def post(self):
        
        logging.debug('%r'%request.form)
        form = CommentForm(request.form)
        if not form.validate():
            logging.error('Invalid request')
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, form.errors)

        username = form.username.data 
        user = UserDbService.get_user_by_name(username)
        if not user:
            logging.error('{} not found'.format(username))
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, 'user not found')

        contextid = int(form.contextid.data)
        content = form.content.data
        respto = form.respto.data


        comment = CommentDbService.add(contextid, user.id, content, respto)
        if not comment:
            logging.error('add comment failed')
            return JsonResponse({}, ErrorCode.FAILURE, 'add comment failed')

        logging.debug('create comment success')
        return JsonResponse({'username':username, 'content':content, 'respto':respto})


```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: post
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!flask/bin/python
from flask import Flask
import os

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return "Hello, World!"
	
@app.route('/api/brew/<int:cups>', methods=['GET'])
def brew_coffee(cups):
	#print(cups)
	if (cups >= 1 and cups <= 12):
		cmd = "start cmd /c python smarter.py brew " + str(cups)
		returned_value = os.system(cmd)  # returns the exit code in unix
		print(returned_value)
		#os.system(arg)
		return ("Brewing ") + str(cups) + (" cup[s] of coffee")
	else:
		return ("Please select number of cups 1-12..")

@app.route('/api/reset/', methods=['GET'])		
def reset_coffee():
	cmd = "start cmd /c python smarter.py reset"
	returned_value = os.system(cmd)  # returns the exit code in unix
	print(returned_value)
	return ("Default settings applied")
	
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) reset_coffee
  B) index
  C) brew_coffee
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Copyright 2017 NeuStar, Inc.All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import requests, json
from hashlib import md5
from time import time

class Connection:
	def __init__(self, api_key, secret, service=None):
		self.endpoint = 'https://api.sec.neustar.biz/ipi/'
		if service is False:
			self.service = 'std/'
		elif service is True:
			self.service = 'gpp/'
		else:
			raise Exception('No service type specified.')
		self.version = 'v1/'
		self.method = 'ipinfo/'
		self.api_key = api_key
		self.secret = secret

	# Authenticate a signature
	def _auth(self):
		timestamp = str(int(time()))
		sig_unencoded = self.api_key + self.secret + timestamp
		sig = md5(sig_unencoded.encode()).hexdigest()
		return {'apikey': self.api_key, 'sig': sig, 'format': 'json'}

	def _is_json(self, rstring):
		try:
			json_object = json.loads(rstring)
		except ValueError as e:
			return False
		return True

	def get(self, ip):
		return self._do_call(ip, 'GET')

	def _do_call(self, ip, http_method):
		params = self._auth()
		url = self.endpoint + self.service + self.version + self.method + ip
		req = requests.request(http_method, url, params=params)
		# For debugging
		# print req.url
		if req.status_code is not requests.codes.OK:
			raise Exception('Auth error', req.status_code)
		elif self._is_json(req.text):
			return req.json()
		else:
			return req.text
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  D) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  E) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  F) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Copyright 2017 NeuStar, Inc.All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import requests, json
from hashlib import md5
from time import time

class Connection:
	def __init__(self, api_key, secret, service=None):
		self.endpoint = 'https://api.sec.neustar.biz/ipi/'
		if service is False:
			self.service = 'std/'
		elif service is True:
			self.service = 'gpp/'
		else:
			raise Exception('No service type specified.')
		self.version = 'v1/'
		self.method = 'ipinfo/'
		self.api_key = api_key
		self.secret = secret

	# Authenticate a signature
	def _auth(self):
		timestamp = str(int(time()))
		sig_unencoded = self.api_key + self.secret + timestamp
		sig = md5(sig_unencoded.encode()).hexdigest()
		return {'apikey': self.api_key, 'sig': sig, 'format': 'json'}

	def _is_json(self, rstring):
		try:
			json_object = json.loads(rstring)
		except ValueError as e:
			return False
		return True

	def get(self, ip):
		return self._do_call(ip, 'GET')

	def _do_call(self, ip, http_method):
		params = self._auth()
		url = self.endpoint + self.service + self.version + self.method + ip
		req = requests.request(http_method, url, params=params)
		# For debugging
		# print req.url
		if req.status_code is not requests.codes.OK:
			raise Exception('Auth error', req.status_code)
		elif self._is_json(req.text):
			return req.json()
		else:
			return req.text
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: _auth
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
__author__ = 'kbohlen'

from crypto.algorithms.algorithminterface import AlgorithmInterface

from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA

''' 
Description of RSAPublicKey

RSA is a public key cryptosystem, also called asymmetric ctyptography. It uses
a pair of keys, one public and one private for encryption. The benefit of this
is that it does not require shared information like a symmetric key to create
a secure channel. 

A user of RSA creates and then publishes a public key based on two large prime
numbers, along with an auxiliary value. The prime numbers must be kept secret.
Anyone can use the public key to encrypt a message, but with currently
published methods, if the public key is large enough, only someone with
knowledge of the prime numbers can feasibly decode the message.
'''
class RSAPublicKey(AlgorithmInterface):

    def __init__(self, arguments):
        ''' 
        generate the public / private key pair to be used
        '''
        key_size = 1024
        self.key = RSA.generate(key_size)
        self.publickey = self.key.publickey()
        self.other_publickey = None

    def sendFirstMessage(self):
        ''' 
        we need to send the other person our own public key
        '''
        return self.publickey.exportKey(passphrase='pychat')
    
    def receiveFirstMessage(self, firstMessage):
        ''' 
        we should recieve the other persons public key
        '''
        self.other_publickey = RSA.importKey(firstMessage, passphrase='pychat')
        return False #returning True attempts to decrypt the message (ATM)

    def encryptString(self, unencryptedMessage):
        ''' 
        must encrypt with other users public key (self.other_publickey)
        '''
        encryptedMessage = self.other_publickey.encrypt(unencryptedMessage)
        return encryptedMessage

    def decryptString(self, encryptedMessage):
        ''' 
        assuming that the encrypted message was encrypted with self.publickey
        generated above we can decrypt with our private key (self.key)
        '''
        decryptedMessage = self.key.decrypt(encryptedMessage)
        return self._unpad(decryptedMessage).decode('utf-8')

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability?

  A) encryptString
  B) RSAPublicKey
  C) sendFirstMessage
  D) __init__
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import ast
import re
import pickle
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from base64 import b64decode,b64encode
from tkinter import messagebox

def str2obj(s):
    return ast.literal_eval(s.replace('true', 'True').replace('false', 'False'))


def trim_name(name):

	return name.replace('@','').replace('#','')


def remove_special_char(in_seq):
	"""
	Function is responsible for normalize strings to defined format (UPPERCASE with '_' replacing any special character)
	:param in_seq: list of strings
	:return: list of strings
	"""
	_sub = re.sub(" {1,5}", "_", in_seq.strip()).lower()
	_chars = ['*', '\\', '&', '/', '+']
	for x in _chars: _sub = _sub.replace(x, '_')
	return _sub


class CFinish:
	finish = False


def serialize(message):
	return pickle.dumps(message)


def unserialize(ser_message):
	return pickle.loads(ser_message)


def encode(n):
	b = bytearray()
	while n:
		b.append(n & 0xFF)
		n >>= 8
	return b64encode(b).decode('utf-8')


def decode(s):
	b = bytearray(b64decode(s.encode('utf-8')))  # in case you're passing in a bytes/str
	return sum((1 << (bi * 8)) * bb for (bi, bb) in enumerate(b))


class rsa_temp:
	key = RSA.generate(1024)


def showError(ex):
	if len(ex.args) > 1:
		_title, _err = ex.args
	else:
		_title, _err = 'Other error', ex.args
	messagebox.showerror(title=str(_title), message=str(_err))
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  B) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  C) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import ast
import re
import pickle
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from base64 import b64decode,b64encode
from tkinter import messagebox

def str2obj(s):
    return ast.literal_eval(s.replace('true', 'True').replace('false', 'False'))


def trim_name(name):

	return name.replace('@','').replace('#','')


def remove_special_char(in_seq):
	"""
	Function is responsible for normalize strings to defined format (UPPERCASE with '_' replacing any special character)
	:param in_seq: list of strings
	:return: list of strings
	"""
	_sub = re.sub(" {1,5}", "_", in_seq.strip()).lower()
	_chars = ['*', '\\', '&', '/', '+']
	for x in _chars: _sub = _sub.replace(x, '_')
	return _sub


class CFinish:
	finish = False


def serialize(message):
	return pickle.dumps(message)


def unserialize(ser_message):
	return pickle.loads(ser_message)


def encode(n):
	b = bytearray()
	while n:
		b.append(n & 0xFF)
		n >>= 8
	return b64encode(b).decode('utf-8')


def decode(s):
	b = bytearray(b64decode(s.encode('utf-8')))  # in case you're passing in a bytes/str
	return sum((1 << (bi * 8)) * bb for (bi, bb) in enumerate(b))


class rsa_temp:
	key = RSA.generate(1024)


def showError(ex):
	if len(ex.args) > 1:
		_title, _err = ex.args
	else:
		_title, _err = 'Other error', ex.args
	messagebox.showerror(title=str(_title), message=str(_err))
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability.
Answer: rsa_temp
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# flake8: noqa

import os
import re
import sys
import logging
import requests

books_dir = "/data1/download/mebook/"
done_path = "/data1/download/mebook-done.txt"
book_path = "/data1/download/mebook-books.txt"

site = 'http://mebook.cc'
referer = 'http://mebook.cc/22360.html'
NOT_FOUND = u'抱歉，您查看的内容无法找到。请使用搜索功能查找相关的关键词'

headers = {
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.6',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
        'Referer': referer,
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.87 Safari/537.36',
        }

formats = ['epub', 'mobi', 'azw3', 'azw']

re_list = r'''http://mebook.cc/date/\d+/\d+'''
re_book = r'''http://mebook.cc/(\d+)\.html'''

done_urls = set( line.strip() for line in open(done_path).readlines() )

s = requests.Session()
def get(path):
    if not path.startswith("http"):
        if not path.startswith("/"):
            path = "/" + path
        path = site + path
    return s.get(path, headers=headers, timeout=60)

def download(name, url):
    if url in done_urls:
        logging.info(" skip %-30s %s" % (url, name))
        return
    else:
        logging.info("Visit %-30s %s" % (url, name))
        done_urls.add(url)

    rsp = get(url)
    title = re.findall(u'''<p>文件名称：《(.*)》</p>''', rsp.text)
    if not title: return
    title = title[0]
    passwd = re.findall(u'''<p>网盘密码：(.*)</p>''', rsp.text)[0]
    link = re.findall(r'https?://pan.baidu.com/s/[^ ]*', rsp.text)[0]
    for pwd in passwd.split("&nbsp;"):
        if u'百度网盘密码：' in pwd:
            passwd = pwd.split(u"：")[-1]

    t = u"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n" % (name, link, passwd, title)
    open(book_path, "a").write( t.encode("UTF-8") )
    print(t)


def visit_list(page):
    idx = 0
    while True:
        idx += 1
        rsp = get( page + "/page/%d" % idx )
        if NOT_FOUND in rsp.text: break
        for book in set(re.findall(re_book, rsp.text)):
            download( book, "http://mebook.cc/download.php?id=%s" % book)

def visit_index():
    rsp = get("/")
    for url in re.findall(re_list, rsp.text):
        visit_list(url)
        open(done_path, "w").write("\n".join(done_urls))

def main():
    visit_index()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    logging.basicConfig(
            format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(filename)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s',
            datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
            level = logging.DEBUG
            )
    sys.exit(main())


```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) get
  B) visit_list
  C) visit_index
  D) download
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# flake8: noqa

import os
import re
import sys
import logging
import requests

books_dir = "/data1/download/mebook/"
done_path = "/data1/download/mebook-done.txt"
book_path = "/data1/download/mebook-books.txt"

site = 'http://mebook.cc'
referer = 'http://mebook.cc/22360.html'
NOT_FOUND = u'抱歉，您查看的内容无法找到。请使用搜索功能查找相关的关键词'

headers = {
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.6',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
        'Referer': referer,
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.87 Safari/537.36',
        }

formats = ['epub', 'mobi', 'azw3', 'azw']

re_list = r'''http://mebook.cc/date/\d+/\d+'''
re_book = r'''http://mebook.cc/(\d+)\.html'''

done_urls = set( line.strip() for line in open(done_path).readlines() )

s = requests.Session()
def get(path):
    if not path.startswith("http"):
        if not path.startswith("/"):
            path = "/" + path
        path = site + path
    return s.get(path, headers=headers, timeout=60)

def download(name, url):
    if url in done_urls:
        logging.info(" skip %-30s %s" % (url, name))
        return
    else:
        logging.info("Visit %-30s %s" % (url, name))
        done_urls.add(url)

    rsp = get(url)
    title = re.findall(u'''<p>文件名称：《(.*)》</p>''', rsp.text)
    if not title: return
    title = title[0]
    passwd = re.findall(u'''<p>网盘密码：(.*)</p>''', rsp.text)[0]
    link = re.findall(r'https?://pan.baidu.com/s/[^ ]*', rsp.text)[0]
    for pwd in passwd.split("&nbsp;"):
        if u'百度网盘密码：' in pwd:
            passwd = pwd.split(u"：")[-1]

    t = u"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n" % (name, link, passwd, title)
    open(book_path, "a").write( t.encode("UTF-8") )
    print(t)


def visit_list(page):
    idx = 0
    while True:
        idx += 1
        rsp = get( page + "/page/%d" % idx )
        if NOT_FOUND in rsp.text: break
        for book in set(re.findall(re_book, rsp.text)):
            download( book, "http://mebook.cc/download.php?id=%s" % book)

def visit_index():
    rsp = get("/")
    for url in re.findall(re_list, rsp.text):
        visit_list(url)
        open(done_path, "w").write("\n".join(done_urls))

def main():
    visit_index()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    logging.basicConfig(
            format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(filename)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s',
            datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
            level = logging.DEBUG
            )
    sys.exit(main())


```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: download
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# flake8: noqa

import os
import re
import sys
import logging
import requests

books_dir = "/data1/download/mebook/"
done_path = "/data1/download/mebook-done.txt"
book_path = "/data1/download/mebook-books.txt"

site = 'http://mebook.cc'
referer = 'http://mebook.cc/22360.html'
NOT_FOUND = u'抱歉，您查看的内容无法找到。请使用搜索功能查找相关的关键词'

headers = {
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.6',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
        'Referer': referer,
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.87 Safari/537.36',
        }

formats = ['epub', 'mobi', 'azw3', 'azw']

re_list = r'''http://mebook.cc/date/\d+/\d+'''
re_book = r'''http://mebook.cc/(\d+)\.html'''

done_urls = set( line.strip() for line in open(done_path).readlines() )

s = requests.Session()
def get(path):
    if not path.startswith("http"):
        if not path.startswith("/"):
            path = "/" + path
        path = site + path
    return s.get(path, headers=headers, timeout=60)

def download(name, url):
    if url in done_urls:
        logging.info(" skip %-30s %s" % (url, name))
        return
    else:
        logging.info("Visit %-30s %s" % (url, name))
        done_urls.add(url)

    rsp = get(url)
    title = re.findall(u'''<p>文件名称：《(.*)》</p>''', rsp.text)
    if not title: return
    title = title[0]
    passwd = re.findall(u'''<p>网盘密码：(.*)</p>''', rsp.text)[0]
    link = re.findall(r'https?://pan.baidu.com/s/[^ ]*', rsp.text)[0]
    for pwd in passwd.split("&nbsp;"):
        if u'百度网盘密码：' in pwd:
            passwd = pwd.split(u"：")[-1]

    t = u"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n" % (name, link, passwd, title)
    open(book_path, "a").write( t.encode("UTF-8") )
    print(t)


def visit_list(page):
    idx = 0
    while True:
        idx += 1
        rsp = get( page + "/page/%d" % idx )
        if NOT_FOUND in rsp.text: break
        for book in set(re.findall(re_book, rsp.text)):
            download( book, "http://mebook.cc/download.php?id=%s" % book)

def visit_index():
    rsp = get("/")
    for url in re.findall(re_list, rsp.text):
        visit_list(url)
        open(done_path, "w").write("\n".join(done_urls))

def main():
    visit_index()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    logging.basicConfig(
            format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(filename)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s',
            datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
            level = logging.DEBUG
            )
    sys.exit(main())


```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: download
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseBadRequest


def allowed_action(func):
    """
    All methods which shall be callable through a given Ajax 'action' must be
    decorated with @allowed_action. This is required for safety reasons. It
    inhibits the caller to invoke all available methods of a class.
    """
    setattr(func, 'is_allowed_action', None)
    return func


class JSONResponseMixin(object):
    """
    A mixin that dispatches POST requests containing the keyword 'action' onto
    the method with that name. It renders the returned context as JSON response.
    """

    def dispatch(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(JSONResponseMixin, self).dispatch(*args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        action = kwargs.get('action')
        action = action and getattr(self, action, None)
        if not callable(action):
            return self._dispatch_super(request, *args, **kwargs)
        out_data = json.dumps(action(), cls=DjangoJSONEncoder)
        response = HttpResponse(out_data)
        response['Content-Type'] = 'application/json;charset=UTF-8'
        response['Cache-Control'] = 'no-cache'
        return response

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            if not request.is_ajax():
                return self._dispatch_super(request, *args, **kwargs)
            in_data = json.loads(request.body)
            action = in_data.pop('action', kwargs.get('action'))
            handler = action and getattr(self, action, None)
            if not callable(handler):
                return self._dispatch_super(request, *args, **kwargs)
            if not hasattr(handler, 'is_allowed_action'):
                raise ValueError('Method "%s" is not decorated with @allowed_action' % action)
            out_data = json.dumps(handler(in_data), cls=DjangoJSONEncoder)
            return HttpResponse(out_data, content_type='application/json;charset=UTF-8')
        except ValueError as err:
            return HttpResponseBadRequest(err)

    def _dispatch_super(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        base = super(JSONResponseMixin, self)
        handler = getattr(base, request.method.lower(), None)
        if callable(handler):
            return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
        raise ValueError('This view can not handle method %s' % request.method)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) get
  B) post
  C) _dispatch_super
  D) JSONResponseMixin
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseBadRequest


def allowed_action(func):
    """
    All methods which shall be callable through a given Ajax 'action' must be
    decorated with @allowed_action. This is required for safety reasons. It
    inhibits the caller to invoke all available methods of a class.
    """
    setattr(func, 'is_allowed_action', None)
    return func


class JSONResponseMixin(object):
    """
    A mixin that dispatches POST requests containing the keyword 'action' onto
    the method with that name. It renders the returned context as JSON response.
    """

    def dispatch(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(JSONResponseMixin, self).dispatch(*args, **kwargs)

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        action = kwargs.get('action')
        action = action and getattr(self, action, None)
        if not callable(action):
            return self._dispatch_super(request, *args, **kwargs)
        out_data = json.dumps(action(), cls=DjangoJSONEncoder)
        response = HttpResponse(out_data)
        response['Content-Type'] = 'application/json;charset=UTF-8'
        response['Cache-Control'] = 'no-cache'
        return response

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            if not request.is_ajax():
                return self._dispatch_super(request, *args, **kwargs)
            in_data = json.loads(request.body)
            action = in_data.pop('action', kwargs.get('action'))
            handler = action and getattr(self, action, None)
            if not callable(handler):
                return self._dispatch_super(request, *args, **kwargs)
            if not hasattr(handler, 'is_allowed_action'):
                raise ValueError('Method "%s" is not decorated with @allowed_action' % action)
            out_data = json.dumps(handler(in_data), cls=DjangoJSONEncoder)
            return HttpResponse(out_data, content_type='application/json;charset=UTF-8')
        except ValueError as err:
            return HttpResponseBadRequest(err)

    def _dispatch_super(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        base = super(JSONResponseMixin, self)
        handler = getattr(base, request.method.lower(), None)
        if callable(handler):
            return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
        raise ValueError('This view can not handle method %s' % request.method)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: post
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import json
import sys
import http
import re
import hvac
import getpass

# Change this value to work with a different vault instance
vaultURL="https://vault.iksdapww-test-us-south-1-2a0beb393d3242574412e5315d3d4662-0002.us-south.containers.appdomain.cloud"


def loadVault(secret_path,remaining_object,variable_values):
  secret_dict={}
  if (type(remaining_object) is dict):
    for current_key in remaining_object:
      current_value=remaining_object[current_key]
      if (type(current_value) is dict):
        loadVault(secret_path + [current_key],current_value, variable_values)
      elif (type(current_value) is str):
        m=re.match(r'{{\s*(.*\S)\s*}}',current_value)
        if (m is None):
          secret_dict[current_key]=current_value
        else:  
          variable_name=m.group(1)
          if (variable_name in variable_values):
            secret_value=variable_values[variable_name]
            secret_dict[current_key]=secret_value
          else:
            print("WARNING unrecognized template variiable - " + variable_name)
            secret_dict[current_key]=current_value
    if (len(secret_dict) > 0):
      storeSecret(secret_path,secret_dict)        
  else:  
    storeSecret(secret_path,remaining_object)

def storeSecret(secret_path,secret_dict):
  vault_path='sandbox/ww/' + '/'.join(secret_path) + '/initialize'
  print(vault_path)
  for (current_key,current_value) in secret_dict.items():
    print('    ',current_key) #,'=',current_value)
  client.secrets.kv.v2.create_or_update_secret(path=vault_path,mount_point='ww',secret=secret_dict)
  print("stored")

if (len(sys.argv) != 3):
  print("Usage: loadvault.py <JSON secrets file path> <JSON variable substitution dictionary file path>")
  print("  You will be prompted for the token to access the vault at:")
  print(vaultURL)
  print("  To change the vault URL, edit 'vaultURL' value in the program (near the top)")
  exit(1)
client=hvac.Client(url=vaultURL,verify=False)
client.token=getpass.getpass(prompt="Enter the token for " + vaultURL)
variable_file=open(sys.argv[-1],'r')
variable_values=json.load(variable_file)
variable_file.close()
json_file=open(sys.argv[-2],'r')
remaining_object=json.load(json_file)
json_file.close()
loadVault([],remaining_object,variable_values)           

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: storeSecret
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
from flask import jsonify

import requests
# Instantiating Flask object
app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/')
def index():
    send = {
        "messages": [
            {"text": "Hi there {{ first name }} "}
        ]
    }
    return jsonify(send)


@app.route('/weather')
def weather():
    lat = request.args['latitude']
    lon = request.args['longitude']
    result = get_details(lat, lon)
    desc, humidity, clouds, wind_speed, icon = result
    print(lat)
    print(lon)
    if result != 'fail':
        send = {
        "messages": [
            {
                "text": "description: " + desc
            },
            {
                 "text": "Humidity: " + str(humidity)   
            },
            {
                 "text": "Clouds:" + str(clouds) 
            },
            {
                 "text" : "Wind Speed:" + str(wind_speed)
            },
            {
      "attachment": {
        "type": "image",
        "payload": {
          "url": "http://openweathermap.org/img/w/" + icon + ".png"
        }
      }
    }
        
        ]
    }
    else:
        {
	        "messages": [
	            {
	      		"text": "Couldn't found anything related to that."
	    	}
	        ]
	    }
            
    return jsonify(send)

def get_details(lat,lon):
    r = requests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?lat={0}&lon={1}&APPID=fd6bd451522e8dd7d5c5a850ec64e591".format(lat, lon))
    if r.status_code != 200:
        return "Fail"
    else:
        data = r.json()
        result = (data['weather'][0]['description'], data['main']['humidity'], data['clouds']['all'], data['wind']['speed'], data['weather'][0]['icon'])
        return result
    
app.secret_key = 'A0Zr98j/3yX R~XHH!jmN]LWX/,?RV'
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(port=5000)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability?

  A) weather
  B) index
  C) get_details
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import uuid

from flask import Flask, Markup, Response, redirect, render_template, request
import markdown

from config import set_app_config
from utils import S3Interface, validate_form_data


app = Flask(__name__)
set_app_config(app)

s3 = S3Interface(app)


@app.route('/', defaults={'uuid': None}, methods=['GET'])
@app.route('/<string:uuid>', methods=['GET'])
def index(uuid):
    if uuid is None:
        with open("README.md") as md:
            readme = Markup(markdown.markdown(md.read()))
        return render_template("base.html", **{"readme": readme})
    else:
        try:
            data = s3.load(uuid)
        except Exception as e:
            return Response(f"Bad Request: {e}", status=400)
        else:
            return render_template(
                "anchor-aid.html",
                **{"site": data["site"], "search": data["search"]}
            )


@app.route('/create', methods=['POST'])
def create():
    form_data = request.form.to_dict()

    # Add <scheme>:// if not there already
    validated_form_data = validate_form_data(form_data)
    if not validated_form_data:
        return Response("Bad Request", status=400)

    key = str(uuid.uuid4())
    s3.dump(key, form_data)
    return redirect(f"./{key}")

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  D) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  F) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import uuid

from flask import Flask, Markup, Response, redirect, render_template, request
import markdown

from config import set_app_config
from utils import S3Interface, validate_form_data


app = Flask(__name__)
set_app_config(app)

s3 = S3Interface(app)


@app.route('/', defaults={'uuid': None}, methods=['GET'])
@app.route('/<string:uuid>', methods=['GET'])
def index(uuid):
    if uuid is None:
        with open("README.md") as md:
            readme = Markup(markdown.markdown(md.read()))
        return render_template("base.html", **{"readme": readme})
    else:
        try:
            data = s3.load(uuid)
        except Exception as e:
            return Response(f"Bad Request: {e}", status=400)
        else:
            return render_template(
                "anchor-aid.html",
                **{"site": data["site"], "search": data["search"]}
            )


@app.route('/create', methods=['POST'])
def create():
    form_data = request.form.to_dict()

    # Add <scheme>:// if not there already
    validated_form_data = validate_form_data(form_data)
    if not validated_form_data:
        return Response("Bad Request", status=400)

    key = str(uuid.uuid4())
    s3.dump(key, form_data)
    return redirect(f"./{key}")

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) create
  B) index
Answer: B