OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

from werkzeug.security import check_password_hash
from flask.ext.login import current_user
from flask import render_template, request, url_for, flash, redirect
from flask.ext.login import login_user, login_required, logout_user
from ..models import Customer
from .forms import LoginForm
from . import auth
from .. import mongo

@auth.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    form = LoginForm()
    if current_user.is_authenticated():
        flash("You've been logged in.")
        redirect(url_for('main.index'))

    if form.validate_on_submit():
        customer = mongo.db.customers.find_one({'email': form.email.data})
        if customer is not None and check_password_hash(customer['password'],
                form.password.data):
            # login_user(customer, form.remember_me.data)
            login_user(Customer(customer['email']))
            return redirect(request.args.get('next')
                    or url_for('main.index'))
        flash('Invalid email or password')
    return render_template('auth/login.html', form=form)

@auth.route('/logout')
@login_required
def logout():
    logout_user()
    flash('You have been logged out.')
    return redirect(url_for('main.index'))

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: login
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# encoding:utf-8

import zipfile
import os
from threading import Thread
import time
from itertools import product
from pathlib import Path

path = r'G:\\video\日本\[多P]某体校运动系美女和两个社会青年野战3P晚上街头露出\某体校运动系美女.zip'
my_pass_dict = r'dict\\'

def password(x = 6):
    # iter = ['1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.',]
    iter = ['1234567890htpwuflixyz',]
    for r in iter:
        for repeat in range(1,x+1):
            for ps in product(r,repeat = repeat):
                yield ''.join(ps)


def run(path, password):
    if path[-4:]=='.zip':
        # path = dir + '\\' + file
        #print path
        zip = zipfile.ZipFile(path,"r",zipfile.zlib.DEFLATED)
        try:
            zip.extractall(path=="G:\\\\video\\日本\\[多P]某体校运动系美女和两个社会青年野战3P晚上街头露出",members=zip.namelist(),pwd=password)
            print('-----success,The password is %s '%password)
            zip.close()
            return True
        except:
            print(' ------error!,The password is %s'%password)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    start=time.clock()
    p = Path(my_pass_dict)
    dictfiles = p.glob('*/*.txt')

    for ps in password(8):
        if(run(path,ps)):
            break
    print("done (%.2f second)"%(time.clock() - start))
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# encoding:utf-8

import zipfile
import os
from threading import Thread
import time
from itertools import product
from pathlib import Path

path = r'G:\\video\日本\[多P]某体校运动系美女和两个社会青年野战3P晚上街头露出\某体校运动系美女.zip'
my_pass_dict = r'dict\\'

def password(x = 6):
    # iter = ['1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.',]
    iter = ['1234567890htpwuflixyz',]
    for r in iter:
        for repeat in range(1,x+1):
            for ps in product(r,repeat = repeat):
                yield ''.join(ps)


def run(path, password):
    if path[-4:]=='.zip':
        # path = dir + '\\' + file
        #print path
        zip = zipfile.ZipFile(path,"r",zipfile.zlib.DEFLATED)
        try:
            zip.extractall(path=="G:\\\\video\\日本\\[多P]某体校运动系美女和两个社会青年野战3P晚上街头露出",members=zip.namelist(),pwd=password)
            print('-----success,The password is %s '%password)
            zip.close()
            return True
        except:
            print(' ------error!,The password is %s'%password)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    start=time.clock()
    p = Path(my_pass_dict)
    dictfiles = p.glob('*/*.txt')

    for ps in password(8):
        if(run(path,ps)):
            break
    print("done (%.2f second)"%(time.clock() - start))
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) password
  B) run
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# encoding:utf-8

import zipfile
import os
from threading import Thread
import time
from itertools import product
from pathlib import Path

path = r'G:\\video\日本\[多P]某体校运动系美女和两个社会青年野战3P晚上街头露出\某体校运动系美女.zip'
my_pass_dict = r'dict\\'

def password(x = 6):
    # iter = ['1234567890abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.',]
    iter = ['1234567890htpwuflixyz',]
    for r in iter:
        for repeat in range(1,x+1):
            for ps in product(r,repeat = repeat):
                yield ''.join(ps)


def run(path, password):
    if path[-4:]=='.zip':
        # path = dir + '\\' + file
        #print path
        zip = zipfile.ZipFile(path,"r",zipfile.zlib.DEFLATED)
        try:
            zip.extractall(path=="G:\\\\video\\日本\\[多P]某体校运动系美女和两个社会青年野战3P晚上街头露出",members=zip.namelist(),pwd=password)
            print('-----success,The password is %s '%password)
            zip.close()
            return True
        except:
            print(' ------error!,The password is %s'%password)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    start=time.clock()
    p = Path(my_pass_dict)
    dictfiles = p.glob('*/*.txt')

    for ps in password(8):
        if(run(path,ps)):
            break
    print("done (%.2f second)"%(time.clock() - start))
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: run
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
"""
User Class from Models Module
"""
import hashlib
import os
from models.base_model import BaseModel, Base
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey
STORAGE_TYPE = os.environ.get('HBNB_TYPE_STORAGE')


class User(BaseModel, Base):
    """
    User class handles all application users
    """
    if STORAGE_TYPE == "db":
        __tablename__ = 'users'
        email = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
        password = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
        first_name = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
        last_name = Column(String(128), nullable=False)
        description = Column(String(1024), nullable=True)
        department_id = Column(String(60),
                               ForeignKey('departments.id'),
                               nullable=False)
    else:
        email = ''
        password = ''
        first_name = ''
        last_name = ''
        department_id = ''
        description = ''

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        instantiates user object
        """
        if kwargs:
            pwd = kwargs.pop('password', None)
            if pwd:
                User.__set_password(self, pwd)
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def __set_password(self, pwd):
        """
        custom setter: encrypts password to MD5
        """
        secure = hashlib.md5()
        secure.update(pwd.encode("utf-8"))
        secure_password = secure.hexdigest().lower()
        setattr(self, "password", secure_password)

    def is_match_password(self, email, pwd):
        """
        return True if user email and pwd are match
        hashlib.md5(pwd.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest().lower()
        """
        if email is None or pwd is None:
            return False
        secure = hashlib.md5()
        secure.update(self.password.encode("utf-8"))
        secure_password = secure.hexdigest().lower()
        if pwd == secure_password and email == self.email:
            return True
        else:
            return False

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  D) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  E) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  F) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Creates class to interact with HomeWizard Energy P1 meter API.

API Documentation: https://energy.homewizard.net/en/support/solutions/articles/19000117051-homewizard-p1-meter-local-api-beta-
"""

import enum
import json
import logging
import requests

from . import const


_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class HWEP1Endpoints(enum.Enum):
    """HomeWizard Energy P1 API endpoints."""

    ENERGY_DATA = "api/v1/data"
    # TELEGRAM_DATA = "api/v1/telegram"


class HWEP1Api(object):
    """Class to interact with HomeWizard Energy P1 meter API.

    Public Methods:
      get_energy_data: Gets energy data
    """

    def __init__(self, ip_address):
        """Initializes API service.

        Args:
          ip_address: IP of the P1 meter
        """
        self._ip_address = ip_address
        _LOGGER.debug(f"HomeWizard Energy P1 meter with IP {ip_address} initialized.")

    # Public methods.
    def get_energy_data(self):
        """Gets energy data

        Returns:
          Dictionary containing device information.
        """
        response = self._call_api_endpoint(HWEP1Endpoints.ENERGY_DATA)
        return response.json()

    # Helpers.
    def _get_api_url(self, api_endpoint):
        """Gets URL for a given endpoint and JSON payload.

        Args:
          api_endpoint: P1 endpoint to call.

        Returns:
          API URL.
        """
        return "http://{ip}/{endpoint}".format(
            ip=self._ip_address,
            endpoint=api_endpoint.value,
        )

    def _call_api_endpoint(self, api_endpoint, payload=None):
        """Makes a call to the HomeWizard Energy endpoint

        Args:
          api_endpoint: HWEP1Endpoints to call.
          payload: Payload to send to API call.

        Returns:
          API response in dict format.
        """
        api_url = self._get_api_url(api_endpoint)
        api_headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8",
        }

        if api_endpoint == HWEP1Endpoints.ENERGY_DATA:
            response = requests.get(api_url, data=json.dumps(payload), verify=False)
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError("Unknown API endpoint.")

        _LOGGER.info(
            f"Made {response.request.method} request to {response.request.url} "
            f"with body: {response.request.body}"
        )

        _LOGGER.info(f"{response}")

        return response

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: _call_api_endpoint
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from typing import List, Dict, Any
from urllib.parse import urljoin

load_dotenv()

access_key = os.environ.get("ACCESS_KEY")
secret_key = os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY")
scan_url = os.environ.get("SCAN_URL", default="https://127.0.0.1:8834/scans")


def send(url: str, method: str = "GET", verify: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    header = {"X-ApiKeys": f"accessKey={access_key}; secretKey={secret_key}"}
    response = requests.request(method, url=url, headers=header, verify=verify)
    if not response.ok:
        return {}
    return response.json()


def get_vulns() -> None:
    """Get Vulnerabilities.

    scans: list of nessus scan ids
        example [{"id": 1}]

    vulnerabilities: vulnerability list of scan id
    example [{"vuln_name"..}]

    """

    vuln_list = []

    result = send(scan_url)
    if not result:
        return

    scans: List[Dict[str, int]] = result.get("scans", [])

    for scan in scans:
        scan_detail_url = urljoin(scan_url, str(scan["id"]))
        scan_detail_result = send(url=scan_detail_url)

        if not scan_detail_result:
            continue

        vulnerabilities: List[Dict[str, Any]] = scan_detail_result.get("vulnerabilities", [])

        vuln_list.extend(vulnerabilities)

    for vuln in vuln_list:
        print(f'vuln_name: {vuln["plugin_name"]} ----- severity: {vuln["severity"]}')
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  B) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  E) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from typing import List, Dict, Any
from urllib.parse import urljoin

load_dotenv()

access_key = os.environ.get("ACCESS_KEY")
secret_key = os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY")
scan_url = os.environ.get("SCAN_URL", default="https://127.0.0.1:8834/scans")


def send(url: str, method: str = "GET", verify: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    header = {"X-ApiKeys": f"accessKey={access_key}; secretKey={secret_key}"}
    response = requests.request(method, url=url, headers=header, verify=verify)
    if not response.ok:
        return {}
    return response.json()


def get_vulns() -> None:
    """Get Vulnerabilities.

    scans: list of nessus scan ids
        example [{"id": 1}]

    vulnerabilities: vulnerability list of scan id
    example [{"vuln_name"..}]

    """

    vuln_list = []

    result = send(scan_url)
    if not result:
        return

    scans: List[Dict[str, int]] = result.get("scans", [])

    for scan in scans:
        scan_detail_url = urljoin(scan_url, str(scan["id"]))
        scan_detail_result = send(url=scan_detail_url)

        if not scan_detail_result:
            continue

        vulnerabilities: List[Dict[str, Any]] = scan_detail_result.get("vulnerabilities", [])

        vuln_list.extend(vulnerabilities)

    for vuln in vuln_list:
        print(f'vuln_name: {vuln["plugin_name"]} ----- severity: {vuln["severity"]}')
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability?

  A) get_vulns
  B) send
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import argparse
import json
import os
import sys
import shutil

from jupyter_client.kernelspec import KernelSpecManager
from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory

kernel_json = {
    "argv": [sys.executable, "-m", "echo_kernel", "-f", "{connection_file}"],
    "display_name": "Echo",
    "language": "text",
}


def install_my_kernel_spec(user=True, prefix=None):
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        os.chmod(td, 0o755) # Starts off as 700, not user readable
        with open(os.path.join(td, 'kernel.json'), 'w') as f:
            json.dump(kernel_json, f, sort_keys=True)
        print('Installing Jupyter kernel spec')
        # requires logo files in kernel root directory
        cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
        for logo in ["logo-32x32.png", "logo-64x64.png"]:
            try:
                shutil.copy(os.path.join(cur_path, logo), td)
            except FileNotFoundError:
                print("Custom logo files not found. Default logos will be used.")
        
        KernelSpecManager().install_kernel_spec(td, 'echo', user=user, prefix=prefix)


def _is_root():
    try:
        return os.geteuid() == 0
    except AttributeError:
        return False # assume not an admin on non-Unix platforms

def main(argv=None):
    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    ap.add_argument('--user', action='store_true',
        help="Install to the per-user kernels registry. Default if not root.")
    ap.add_argument('--sys-prefix', action='store_true',
        help="Install to sys.prefix (e.g. a virtualenv or conda env)")
    ap.add_argument('--prefix',
        help="Install to the given prefix. "
             "Kernelspec will be installed in {PREFIX}/share/jupyter/kernels/")
    args = ap.parse_args(argv)

    if args.sys_prefix:
        args.prefix = sys.prefix
    if not args.prefix and not _is_root():
        args.user = True

    install_my_kernel_spec(user=args.user, prefix=args.prefix)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  B) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  C) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  D) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  E) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  F) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

## std library imports on top
import os

## 3rd party imports below
import paramiko

## work assigned to a junior programming asset on our team
from jrprogrammer import cmdissue

def get_creds():
    ip = input("IP: ")
    user = input("Username: ")
    #list return [ip, user]
    return {"ip": ip, "user": user}   #dictionary
   
def get_cmds() -> list:
    cmds = ["ls", "ps", "ls -a", "date"]
    my_cmds = []
    while True:
        print(f"Commands to Run: {my_cmds}")
        cmd = int(input("Which command would you like to run?\n1: {}\n2: {}\n3: {}\n4: {}\nPress 5 to exit.".format(*cmds)))
        if cmd == 5:
            break
        my_cmds.append(cmds[cmd-1])
    return my_cmds
                #       try:
  #          cmd = input("What command would you like to run? Press Ctrl + C to quit.\n")
   #         cmds.append(cmd)
    #    except KeyboardInterrupt as err:
     #       print(err)
      #      break
    #return cmds

def main():
  ## create session object
  sshsession = paramiko.SSHClient()
  sshsession.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

  mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file("/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa")

  ## create SSH conection
  creds = get_creds()
  host = creds[0]
  user = creds[1]
  sshsession.connect(hostname=host, username=user, pkey=mykey)

  #our_commands = ["touch sshworked.txt", "touch create.txt", "touch file3.txt", "ls"]

  our_commands = get_cmds()
  for x in our_commands:
    ## call our imported function and save the value returned
    resp = cmdissue(x, sshsession)
    ## if returned response is not null, print it out
    if resp != "":
      print(resp)

  ## end the SSH connection
  sshsession.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()


```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability?

  A) main
  B) get_cmds
  C) get_creds
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

## std library imports on top
import os

## 3rd party imports below
import paramiko

## work assigned to a junior programming asset on our team
from jrprogrammer import cmdissue

def get_creds():
    ip = input("IP: ")
    user = input("Username: ")
    #list return [ip, user]
    return {"ip": ip, "user": user}   #dictionary
   
def get_cmds() -> list:
    cmds = ["ls", "ps", "ls -a", "date"]
    my_cmds = []
    while True:
        print(f"Commands to Run: {my_cmds}")
        cmd = int(input("Which command would you like to run?\n1: {}\n2: {}\n3: {}\n4: {}\nPress 5 to exit.".format(*cmds)))
        if cmd == 5:
            break
        my_cmds.append(cmds[cmd-1])
    return my_cmds
                #       try:
  #          cmd = input("What command would you like to run? Press Ctrl + C to quit.\n")
   #         cmds.append(cmd)
    #    except KeyboardInterrupt as err:
     #       print(err)
      #      break
    #return cmds

def main():
  ## create session object
  sshsession = paramiko.SSHClient()
  sshsession.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

  mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file("/home/student/.ssh/id_rsa")

  ## create SSH conection
  creds = get_creds()
  host = creds[0]
  user = creds[1]
  sshsession.connect(hostname=host, username=user, pkey=mykey)

  #our_commands = ["touch sshworked.txt", "touch create.txt", "touch file3.txt", "ls"]

  our_commands = get_cmds()
  for x in our_commands:
    ## call our imported function and save the value returned
    resp = cmdissue(x, sshsession)
    ## if returned response is not null, print it out
    if resp != "":
      print(resp)

  ## end the SSH connection
  sshsession.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()


```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: main
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import requests
import sqlite3
import json

DATABASE = './actuator_states.db'

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.teardown_appcontext
def close_connection(exception):
    db = getattr(Flask, '_database', None)
    if db is not None:
        db.close()

@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def hello():
    return json.dumps({'data': 'hello', 'code': 200})

@app.route('/state', methods=['GET'])
def accessor():
    #parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    #parser.add_argument('--database', type=str, dest='db')
    #args = parser.parse_args()
    #DATABASE = args.db[0]

    # get for database queries (ui)
    with sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) as db:
        cur = db.cursor()
        cur.execute('SELECT * FROM current_states')
        states = {}
        for row in cur:
            states[row[0]] = row[1]
    return json.dumps(states)
    
@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def updater():
    # post for database updates (used by ui api)
    with sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) as db:
        cur = db.cursor()
        for key in request.form.keys():
            cur.execute('SELECT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM current_states WHERE actuator = \'' + key + '\')')
            exists = 0
            for row in cur:
                exists = row[0]

            if exists == 1:
                cur.execute('UPDATE current_states SET state = \'' + str(request.form[key]) + '\' WHERE actuator = \'' + key + '\'')
                db.commit()
            else:
                cur.execute('INSERT INTO current_states VALUES (\'' + key + '\', \'' + str(request.form[key]) + '\')')
                db.commit()
    return "ok"

if __name__=="__main__":
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port='4000')

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  E) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  F) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import requests
import sqlite3
import json

DATABASE = './actuator_states.db'

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.teardown_appcontext
def close_connection(exception):
    db = getattr(Flask, '_database', None)
    if db is not None:
        db.close()

@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def hello():
    return json.dumps({'data': 'hello', 'code': 200})

@app.route('/state', methods=['GET'])
def accessor():
    #parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    #parser.add_argument('--database', type=str, dest='db')
    #args = parser.parse_args()
    #DATABASE = args.db[0]

    # get for database queries (ui)
    with sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) as db:
        cur = db.cursor()
        cur.execute('SELECT * FROM current_states')
        states = {}
        for row in cur:
            states[row[0]] = row[1]
    return json.dumps(states)
    
@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def updater():
    # post for database updates (used by ui api)
    with sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) as db:
        cur = db.cursor()
        for key in request.form.keys():
            cur.execute('SELECT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM current_states WHERE actuator = \'' + key + '\')')
            exists = 0
            for row in cur:
                exists = row[0]

            if exists == 1:
                cur.execute('UPDATE current_states SET state = \'' + str(request.form[key]) + '\' WHERE actuator = \'' + key + '\'')
                db.commit()
            else:
                cur.execute('INSERT INTO current_states VALUES (\'' + key + '\', \'' + str(request.form[key]) + '\')')
                db.commit()
    return "ok"

if __name__=="__main__":
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port='4000')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')` vulnerability.
Answer: updater
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import re
from konlpy.tag import Okt, Komoran, Mecab, Hannanum, Kkma


REMOVE_CHARS = re.compile(r"©|'+|(=+.{2,30}=+)|__TOC__|(ファイル:).+|:(en|de|it|fr|es|kr|zh|no|fi):|\n", re.UNICODE)
SPACE_CHARS = re.compile(r"(\\s|゙|゚|　)+", re.UNICODE)
EMAIL_PATTERN = re.compile(r"(^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$)", re.UNICODE)
URL_PATTERN = re.compile(r"(ftp|http|https)?://(?:[a-zA-Z]|[0-9]|[$-_@.&+]|[!*\(\),]|(?:%[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]))+", re.UNICODE)
REMOVE_TOKEN_CHARS = re.compile(r"(\\*$|:$|^파일:.+|^;)", re.UNICODE)
MULTIPLE_SPACES = re.compile(r' +', re.UNICODE)

def preprocess(content: str ) -> str:
    content = content.replace('.', '. ')   # for line split function
    content = re.sub(EMAIL_PATTERN, ' ', content)  # remove email pattern
    content = re.sub(URL_PATTERN, ' ', content) # remove url pattern
    content = re.sub(REMOVE_CHARS, ' ', content)  # remove unnecessary chars
    content = re.sub(SPACE_CHARS, ' ', content)
    content = re.sub(MULTIPLE_SPACES, ' ', content)

    return content

def get_tokenizer(tokenizer_name):
    if tokenizer_name == "komoran":
        tokenizer = Komoran()
    elif tokenizer_name == "okt":
        tokenizer = Okt()
    elif tokenizer_name == "mecab":
        tokenizer = Mecab()
    elif tokenizer_name == "hannanum":
        tokenizer = Hannanum()
    elif tokenizer_name == "kkma":
        tokenizer = Kkma()
    else:
        tokenizer = Mecab()
    return tokenizer

def tokenize(tokenizer, sent):
    words = tokenizer.nouns(sent)
    words = [w for w in words]
    return words




```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import jsonify


def format_data(records):
    if "Exception" not in records[0]:
        data = dict()
        data['columns'] = records.pop(0)
        data['records'] = records

        try:
            json_data = jsonify({
                "status": "success",
                "data": data
            })

            return json_data
        except Exception as err:
            json_data = jsonify({
                "status": "failure",
                "data": str(err)
            })

            return json_data
    else:
        # If there is an exception, Return the Exception.
        json_data = jsonify({
            "status": "failure",
            "data": records[0]
        })

        return json_data




```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  B) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  C) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  D) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  E) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  F) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import re

txt = "Hello For other world!"

result = re.search(r"f.r", txt, re.IGNORECASE) # Case sensitive

print(result)

print("Span:", re.search(r"[a-zA-z0-9]unt", "Aunt").span())

result = re.search(r"[^A-Za-z0-9 ]", txt) # wont match any number or alpha neigther a white space

print(result)

result = re.search(r"for|world", txt, re.IGNORECASE) # | or
# re.findall() to find them both
print(result)

result = re.search(r"H.*d", txt, re.IGNORECASE) # Greedy Search

print(result)

# make it less Greedy

result = re.search(r"H[A-Za-z]*d", txt, re.IGNORECASE) # Less Greedy Search

print(result)

result = re.search(r"l+o+", "helloo") # Repetition Search

print(result)

result = re.search(r"h?ello", "hello") # Means Wheter there is h or not (0 or 1) e.g. [ello, hello]

print(result)

result = re.search(r"\.com", "trello.com") # Escape special characters

print(result)


########## Escape Characters #####################################
#	\w : Is identifier - Digits									 #
#	\d : Matching Digits 										 #
#	\s : Matching White Space Characters {Space, Tabs, NewLine}  #
#	\b : For word Boundaries									 #
##################################################################

re.search(r"^A.*a$", "America") # Strict Search Pattern

# Handle Repetition
re.findall(r"[A-Za-z]{5}", "a ghost appears") # Not Limited
re.findall(r"\b[A-Za-z]{5}\b", "a ghost appears") # Limited

# Handle Range Repetition
re.findall(r"[A-Za-z]{5, 10}", "a ghost appears") # Not Limited

# Imagine we want to capture a number inside square brackets
def capture_number(txt):
	regex = r"\[(\d+)\]"
	result = re.search(regex, txt)
	if result is None:
	    return "Nope"
	return result[1]

capture_number("Hello form python handler [1548461]")


# Advanced Spliting

re.split(r"[,.?]", "Hello, Go. No?") # returns a list of splited items
#=> ["Hello", "Go", "No"]
re.split(r"[,.?]", "Hello, Go. No?") # Capturing all as list of splited group items
#=> ["Hello", ",", "Go", ".", "No", "?", ""]

# General Expression for regex
re.sub(r"^([\w .-]*), ([\w.-]*)$", r"\2 \1", "Lastname, Firstname")
# the second expression is to sort the result



```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  B) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  C) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  D) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from django.views.generic import TemplateView

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests


class Search(TemplateView):
    """Page to display search for guitar tabs"""
    template_name = 'main/index.html'

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        search = self.request.GET.get('search', False)
        contents = requests.get("http://www.guitartabs.cc/search.php?song={}".format(search)).content
        soup = BeautifulSoup(contents, "html.parser").find(class_='tabslist')
        context['songs'] = soup.prettify()
        return context


class Tabs(TemplateView):
    """Display tabs from song"""
    template_name = 'main/tabs.html'

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        song = requests.get("http://www.guitartabs.cc/{}".format(self.kwargs['url'])).content
        context['song'] = song
        soup = BeautifulSoup(song, "html.parser")
        context['tabs'] = [tab.prettify() for tab in soup.find_all("pre")]
        return context

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability.
Answer: get_context_data
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import http.client
import hashlib
import json
import urllib
import random
import time
from tqdm import tqdm
import pandas as pd
 
def baidu_translate(content, fromLang='en', toLang='zh'):
    appid = '' # 需要替换
    secretKey = '' # 需要替换
    httpClient = None
    myurl = '/api/trans/vip/translate'
    q = content
    #fromLang = 'zh'  # 源语言
    #toLang = 'en'  # 翻译后的语言
    salt = random.randint(32768, 65536)
    sign = appid + q + str(salt) + secretKey
    sign = hashlib.md5(sign.encode()).hexdigest()
    myurl = myurl + '?appid=' + appid + '&q=' + urllib.parse.quote(
        q) + '&from=' + fromLang + '&to=' + toLang + '&salt=' + str(
        salt) + '&sign=' + sign
 
    try:
        httpClient = http.client.HTTPConnection('api.fanyi.baidu.com')
        httpClient.request('GET', myurl)
 
        response = httpClient.getresponse()
        jsonResponse = response.read().decode("utf-8")  
        js = json.loads(jsonResponse)  
        #print(js)
        dst = str(js["trans_result"][0]["dst"])  
        #print(dst)  
        return dst
    except Exception as e:
        print('err:' + e)
    finally:
        if httpClient:
            httpClient.close()

def back_translation(content, rawLang='en', tmpLang='zh'):
    content_backup = content
    try:
        content = baidu_translate(content, fromLang=rawLang, toLang=tmpLang)
        time.sleep(0.1)
        content = baidu_translate(content, fromLang=tmpLang, toLang=rawLang)
        time.sleep(0.1)
    except:
        print('error')
        pbar.update(1)
        return content_backup
    
    pbar.update(1)
    return content    
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    df = pd.read_csv('./68.csv')
    now = int(len(df)*0.68)
    pbar = tqdm(total=(len(df)-now)*3)
    t = df['question_title'].iloc[now:]
    q = df['question_body'].iloc[now:]
    a = df['answer'].iloc[now:]
    df.loc[now:,'t_aug'] = t.apply(back_translation)
    df.loc[now:,'q_aug'] = q.apply(back_translation)
    df.loc[now:,'a_aug'] = a.apply(back_translation)
    pbar.close()
    df.to_csv('./train_aug.csv', index=False)
    


```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: baidu_translate
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import re
import os
from time import sleep

artist_dict = {}

url = 'http://www.songlyrics.com/bob-dylan-lyrics/'
response = requests.get(url)
page = response.text
page = BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')
for j in page.find_all(href=re.compile("http://www.songlyrics.com/bob-dylan/.*lyrics")):
    artist_dict[j.text] = j['href']

songs_list = []
lyrics_dict = {}

count = 1

for k,v in artist_dict.items():
    url = "%s"%(v)
    response = requests.get(url)
    page = response.text
    page = BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')
    lyrics = page.find('p', id='songLyricsDiv')
    lyrics_dict[k] = {v, lyrics}
    sleep(0.03)
    
    df = pd.DataFrame(lyrics_dict)
    df.to_csv(r'~/Notebooks/lyrics_data2/%s.csv' % count)
    count += 1
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  D) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  E) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  F) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# From: https://www.twilio.com/docs/usage/tutorials/how-to-secure-your-flask-app-by-validating-incoming-twilio-requests

import logging
from functools import wraps

from flask import abort, request

from bling.common.request_url import request_url
from bling.config import config
from twilio.request_validator import RequestValidator


def validate_twilio_request(f):
    """Validates that incoming requests genuinely originated from Twilio"""

    @wraps(f)
    def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
        # Create an instance of the RequestValidator class
        validator = RequestValidator(config.twilio_auth_token)

        url = request_url()

        # Validate the request using its URL, POST data,
        # and X-TWILIO-SIGNATURE header
        request_valid = validator.validate(
            url, request.form, request.headers.get("X-TWILIO-SIGNATURE", "")
        )

        # Continue processing the request if it's valid, return a 403 error if
        # it's not
        if request_valid:
            return f(*args, **kwargs)
        else:
            logging.warning(
                f"Invalid Twilio signature :: {url} :: {request.headers.get('X-TWILIO-SIGNATURE', '')} :: {request.form}"
            )
            return abort(403)

    return decorated_function

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: decorated_function