OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/local/bin/python3
import math
import os
import random
import string

import IPython


def generate_password(pass_len):
    symbols = string.printable.strip()
    return ''.join([symbols[math.floor(int(x) / 256 * len(symbols))] for x in os.urandom(pass_len)])


with open('./docker-compose.yml.template') as f:
    template = f.read()

port = random.randint(30000, 60000)
password = generate_password(16)
password_hash = IPython.lib.passwd(password)

print('Port:', port)
print('Password:')
print(password)


with open('./docker-compose.yml', 'w') as f:
    f.write(template.format(
        port=port,
        password_hash=password_hash
    ))

print('Run')
print('docker-compose up')

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  C) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  F) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
import ast
from datetime import datetime
import requests

class Crawler():
  __metaclass__ = ABCMeta

  def __init__(self):
    self.ips = []
    self.public_keys = []

  @abstractmethod
  def process_node(self, node, hops):
    pass

  def crawl(self, ip_address, port, hops=0):
    r = requests.get('https://{0}:{1}/crawl'.format(ip_address, port), verify=False)
    if r.status_code == 200:
      data = ast.literal_eval(r.text)
      for peer in data['overlay']['active']:
        # Process new nodes
        if peer['public_key'] not in self.public_keys:
          self.public_keys.append(peer['public_key'])
          #Since we hit /crawl on outdated rippleds, 
          #we need to process a node everytime we see one
          #to guarantee we collect all relevant info.
          # self.process_node(peer, hops+1)
        self.process_node(peer, hops+1)

        # Get peers of nodes with ip address and port
        if 'ip' in peer and 'port' in peer and peer['ip'] not in self.ips:
          self.ips.append(peer['ip'])
          self.crawl(peer['ip'], peer['port'], hops+1)
    else:
      print r

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: crawl
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import datetime
import urllib

from .compilerdownloader import CrosswordCompilerDownloader
from ..util import XWordDLException

class GlobeAndMailDownloader(CrosswordCompilerDownloader):
    command = 'tgam'
    outlet = 'The Globe And Mail (Cryptic)'
    outlet_prefix = 'Globe And Mail'

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        
        self.fetch_data = self.fetch_jsencoded_data
        self.date = None

        if 'url' in kwargs and not self.date:
            self.date = self.parse_date_from_url(kwargs.get('url'))

        self.url_format = 'https://www.theglobeandmail.com/puzzles-and-crosswords/cryptic-crossword/?date={url_encoded_date}'

    @staticmethod
    def matches_url(url_components):
        return 'theglobeandmail.com' in url_components.netloc

    def parse_date_from_url(self, url):
        queries = urllib.parse.urlparse(url).query
        date = urllib.parse.parse_qs(queries).get('date','')

        return (datetime.datetime.strptime(date[0], '%d%m%y') if date else
                    self.latest_published_date(datetime.datetime.today()))

    def latest_published_date(self, dt):
        return dt if dt.weekday() != 6 else dt - datetime.timedelta(1)

    def find_latest(self):
        latest_date = self.latest_published_date(datetime.datetime.today())

        return self.find_by_date(latest_date)

    def find_by_date(self, dt):
        self.date = dt

        if self.date.weekday() == 6:
            raise XWordDLException('Invalid date: No Globe And Mail puzzle on Sundays.')

        return self.url_format.format(url_encoded_date=dt.strftime('%d%m%y'))

    def find_solver(self, url):
        start_date = datetime.datetime(2011, 1, 2)

        date_diff = self.date - start_date
        weeks_diff, extra_days = divmod(date_diff.days, 7)

        puzzle_id = 6*weeks_diff + 8927 + 4519 + extra_days

        puzzle_url = f'https://xwords.net/xwordjs/files/html5/{puzzle_id}crp.js'

        return puzzle_url

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  B) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  C) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  F) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Author: 14281055 Liheng Chen CIT BJTU
# File Name: DownloadLinuxKernel.py


import Repository
import random
import bs4
import os
import re


def download_certain_version_number_linux_kernel(hyperlink, save_dir):
    content = Repository.requests_get_content(hyperlink, timeout=10,
                                              headers={
                                                  'User-Agent': random.choice(Repository.user_agent_list)})
    if content:
        soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(content, 'lxml')
        version_number_downloaded_list = []
        for tag_a in soup.select('a'):
            match = re.match('linux-(\d+(.\d+)*)\.tar.*', tag_a.get_text(), re.I)
            if match and match.group(1) not in version_number_downloaded_list:
                print('\rDownload:\033[4;34m' + match.group() + '\033[0m', end='')
                Repository.download_file_in_chunk(hyperlink + tag_a['href'],
                                                  os.path.join(save_dir, tag_a.get_text()))
                version_number_downloaded_list.append(match.group(1))
        return True
    return False


def download_linux_kernel(save_dir, linux_kernel_series):
    if not os.path.exists(save_dir):
        os.makedirs(save_dir)
    linux_kernel_root_url = 'https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/'
    content = Repository.requests_get_content(linux_kernel_root_url, timeout=10,
                                              headers={
                                                  'User-Agent': random.choice(Repository.user_agent_list)})
    if content:
        soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(content, 'lxml')
        for tag_a in soup.select('a'):
            # if re.match(r'v\d+\.[\dx]', tag_a.get_text().strip(), re.I):
            if re.match(linux_kernel_series, tag_a.get_text().strip(), re.I):
                if not download_certain_version_number_linux_kernel(linux_kernel_root_url + tag_a['href'],
                                                                    save_dir):
                    print('\r\033[1;31mFail:' + tag_a.get_text().strip() + '\033[0m')
        return True
    return False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    download_linux_kernel(r'D:\Linux Kernel\All Zip', r'v\d+\.(\d+|x)')

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity` vulnerability?

  A) download_linux_kernel
  B) download_certain_version_number_linux_kernel
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Author: 14281055 Liheng Chen CIT BJTU
# File Name: DownloadLinuxKernel.py


import Repository
import random
import bs4
import os
import re


def download_certain_version_number_linux_kernel(hyperlink, save_dir):
    content = Repository.requests_get_content(hyperlink, timeout=10,
                                              headers={
                                                  'User-Agent': random.choice(Repository.user_agent_list)})
    if content:
        soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(content, 'lxml')
        version_number_downloaded_list = []
        for tag_a in soup.select('a'):
            match = re.match('linux-(\d+(.\d+)*)\.tar.*', tag_a.get_text(), re.I)
            if match and match.group(1) not in version_number_downloaded_list:
                print('\rDownload:\033[4;34m' + match.group() + '\033[0m', end='')
                Repository.download_file_in_chunk(hyperlink + tag_a['href'],
                                                  os.path.join(save_dir, tag_a.get_text()))
                version_number_downloaded_list.append(match.group(1))
        return True
    return False


def download_linux_kernel(save_dir, linux_kernel_series):
    if not os.path.exists(save_dir):
        os.makedirs(save_dir)
    linux_kernel_root_url = 'https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/'
    content = Repository.requests_get_content(linux_kernel_root_url, timeout=10,
                                              headers={
                                                  'User-Agent': random.choice(Repository.user_agent_list)})
    if content:
        soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(content, 'lxml')
        for tag_a in soup.select('a'):
            # if re.match(r'v\d+\.[\dx]', tag_a.get_text().strip(), re.I):
            if re.match(linux_kernel_series, tag_a.get_text().strip(), re.I):
                if not download_certain_version_number_linux_kernel(linux_kernel_root_url + tag_a['href'],
                                                                    save_dir):
                    print('\r\033[1;31mFail:' + tag_a.get_text().strip() + '\033[0m')
        return True
    return False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    download_linux_kernel(r'D:\Linux Kernel\All Zip', r'v\d+\.(\d+|x)')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity` vulnerability.
Answer: download_certain_version_number_linux_kernel
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

from BaseHTTPServer import *
from mimetypes import guess_type
import os

class WasmHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        try:
            if self.path in ("", "/"):
                filepath = "html/bad.html"
            else:
                filepath = self.path.lstrip("/")

            f = open(os.path.join('.', filepath), "rb")

        except IOError:
            self.send_error(404,'File Not Found: %s ' % filepath)

        else:
            self.send_response(200)

            #this part handles the mimetypes for you.
            mimetype, _ = guess_type(filepath)
            if filepath.endswith(".wasm"):
                mimetype = "application/wasm"
            self.send_header('Content-type', mimetype)
            self.end_headers()
            for s in f:
                self.wfile.write(s)

try:
    server = HTTPServer(('localhost', 1234), WasmHandler)
    print("\n >>>> http://localhost:1234/anomalies_map.html\n")
    server.serve_forever()

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print('^C received, shutting down the web server')
    server.socket.close()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')` vulnerability?

  A) do_GET
  B) WasmHandler
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

from BaseHTTPServer import *
from mimetypes import guess_type
import os

class WasmHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        try:
            if self.path in ("", "/"):
                filepath = "html/bad.html"
            else:
                filepath = self.path.lstrip("/")

            f = open(os.path.join('.', filepath), "rb")

        except IOError:
            self.send_error(404,'File Not Found: %s ' % filepath)

        else:
            self.send_response(200)

            #this part handles the mimetypes for you.
            mimetype, _ = guess_type(filepath)
            if filepath.endswith(".wasm"):
                mimetype = "application/wasm"
            self.send_header('Content-type', mimetype)
            self.end_headers()
            for s in f:
                self.wfile.write(s)

try:
    server = HTTPServer(('localhost', 1234), WasmHandler)
    print("\n >>>> http://localhost:1234/anomalies_map.html\n")
    server.serve_forever()

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print('^C received, shutting down the web server')
    server.socket.close()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')` vulnerability.
Answer: do_GET
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

from BaseHTTPServer import *
from mimetypes import guess_type
import os

class WasmHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        try:
            if self.path in ("", "/"):
                filepath = "html/bad.html"
            else:
                filepath = self.path.lstrip("/")

            f = open(os.path.join('.', filepath), "rb")

        except IOError:
            self.send_error(404,'File Not Found: %s ' % filepath)

        else:
            self.send_response(200)

            #this part handles the mimetypes for you.
            mimetype, _ = guess_type(filepath)
            if filepath.endswith(".wasm"):
                mimetype = "application/wasm"
            self.send_header('Content-type', mimetype)
            self.end_headers()
            for s in f:
                self.wfile.write(s)

try:
    server = HTTPServer(('localhost', 1234), WasmHandler)
    print("\n >>>> http://localhost:1234/anomalies_map.html\n")
    server.serve_forever()

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print('^C received, shutting down the web server')
    server.socket.close()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: do_GET
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from contextlib import closing
import hashlib
import json
import requests
import time


class EventStream(object):

    ENDPOINT = 'https://data.mixpanel.com/api'
    VERSION = '2.0'

    def __init__(self, api_key, api_secret):

        self.api_key = api_key
        self.api_secret = api_secret

    def request(self, params, handler, expire=600):
        """
        params - Extra parameters associated with method
        handler - A function to handle an incoming json event
        expire - The amount of time to expire a request after in seconds
        """
        params['api_key'] = self.api_key
        params['expire'] = int(time.time()) + expire
        params['format'] = 'json'

        if 'sig' in params:
            del params['sig']

        params['sig'] = self._hash_args(params)

        request_url = '/'.join([self.ENDPOINT, str(self.VERSION)]) + "/export"

        with closing(requests.get(request_url, params, stream=True)) as s:

            event_count = 0

            for line in s.iter_lines():

                if line.strip() == "":
                    break

                jsonl = json.loads(line.decode('utf-8'))

                if 'properties' not in jsonl:
                    if 'error' in jsonl:
                        raise Exception(jsonl['error'])
                    else:
                        raise Exception(line)

                handler(jsonl)

                event_count += 1

            return event_count

    def _hash_args(self, args):
        """
        Hashes arguments by joining key=value pairs, appending a secret, and
        then taking the MD5 hex digest.
        """
        for a in args:
            if isinstance(args[a], list):
                args[a] = json.dumps(args[a])

        args_joined = "".join([a + '=' + str(args[a])
                              for a in sorted(args.keys())])
        sig_hash = hashlib.md5(args_joined.encode('utf-8'))
        sig_hash.update(self.api_secret.encode('utf-8'))

        return sig_hash.hexdigest()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  B) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  C) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  D) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  E) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  F) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from contextlib import closing
import hashlib
import json
import requests
import time


class EventStream(object):

    ENDPOINT = 'https://data.mixpanel.com/api'
    VERSION = '2.0'

    def __init__(self, api_key, api_secret):

        self.api_key = api_key
        self.api_secret = api_secret

    def request(self, params, handler, expire=600):
        """
        params - Extra parameters associated with method
        handler - A function to handle an incoming json event
        expire - The amount of time to expire a request after in seconds
        """
        params['api_key'] = self.api_key
        params['expire'] = int(time.time()) + expire
        params['format'] = 'json'

        if 'sig' in params:
            del params['sig']

        params['sig'] = self._hash_args(params)

        request_url = '/'.join([self.ENDPOINT, str(self.VERSION)]) + "/export"

        with closing(requests.get(request_url, params, stream=True)) as s:

            event_count = 0

            for line in s.iter_lines():

                if line.strip() == "":
                    break

                jsonl = json.loads(line.decode('utf-8'))

                if 'properties' not in jsonl:
                    if 'error' in jsonl:
                        raise Exception(jsonl['error'])
                    else:
                        raise Exception(line)

                handler(jsonl)

                event_count += 1

            return event_count

    def _hash_args(self, args):
        """
        Hashes arguments by joining key=value pairs, appending a secret, and
        then taking the MD5 hex digest.
        """
        for a in args:
            if isinstance(args[a], list):
                args[a] = json.dumps(args[a])

        args_joined = "".join([a + '=' + str(args[a])
                              for a in sorted(args.keys())])
        sig_hash = hashlib.md5(args_joined.encode('utf-8'))
        sig_hash.update(self.api_secret.encode('utf-8'))

        return sig_hash.hexdigest()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) request
  B) EventStream
  C) _hash_args
  D) __init__
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from contextlib import closing
import hashlib
import json
import requests
import time


class EventStream(object):

    ENDPOINT = 'https://data.mixpanel.com/api'
    VERSION = '2.0'

    def __init__(self, api_key, api_secret):

        self.api_key = api_key
        self.api_secret = api_secret

    def request(self, params, handler, expire=600):
        """
        params - Extra parameters associated with method
        handler - A function to handle an incoming json event
        expire - The amount of time to expire a request after in seconds
        """
        params['api_key'] = self.api_key
        params['expire'] = int(time.time()) + expire
        params['format'] = 'json'

        if 'sig' in params:
            del params['sig']

        params['sig'] = self._hash_args(params)

        request_url = '/'.join([self.ENDPOINT, str(self.VERSION)]) + "/export"

        with closing(requests.get(request_url, params, stream=True)) as s:

            event_count = 0

            for line in s.iter_lines():

                if line.strip() == "":
                    break

                jsonl = json.loads(line.decode('utf-8'))

                if 'properties' not in jsonl:
                    if 'error' in jsonl:
                        raise Exception(jsonl['error'])
                    else:
                        raise Exception(line)

                handler(jsonl)

                event_count += 1

            return event_count

    def _hash_args(self, args):
        """
        Hashes arguments by joining key=value pairs, appending a secret, and
        then taking the MD5 hex digest.
        """
        for a in args:
            if isinstance(args[a], list):
                args[a] = json.dumps(args[a])

        args_joined = "".join([a + '=' + str(args[a])
                              for a in sorted(args.keys())])
        sig_hash = hashlib.md5(args_joined.encode('utf-8'))
        sig_hash.update(self.api_secret.encode('utf-8'))

        return sig_hash.hexdigest()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: _hash_args
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from os import error
from pathlib import Path
import requests
from datetime import datetime
from jinja2 import Template
import logging

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def get_repos() -> list:
    """Get a list of repositories from Github

    Returns:
        list: List of dictionaries containing repos.
    """
    try:
        with requests.get(
                "https://api.github.com/users/stactools-packages/repos"
        ) as site:
            data = site.json()
    except error as e:
        logger.error(f"Requests could not complete. {e}")

    return data


def main() -> bool:
    """Create a readme markdown document and populate the Repo table
    from the stactools-package Github Organizations.

    Returns:
        bool: True if it worked
    """
    data = get_repos()
    now = datetime.utcnow().strftime("%b %d %H:%M %Z %Y")
    template = Template(Path("./README_TEMPLATE.md.jinja").read_text())

    with Path("./README.md") as f:
        f.write_text(template.render(packages=data, updated_time=now))

    return True


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  B) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  C) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from os import error
from pathlib import Path
import requests
from datetime import datetime
from jinja2 import Template
import logging

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def get_repos() -> list:
    """Get a list of repositories from Github

    Returns:
        list: List of dictionaries containing repos.
    """
    try:
        with requests.get(
                "https://api.github.com/users/stactools-packages/repos"
        ) as site:
            data = site.json()
    except error as e:
        logger.error(f"Requests could not complete. {e}")

    return data


def main() -> bool:
    """Create a readme markdown document and populate the Repo table
    from the stactools-package Github Organizations.

    Returns:
        bool: True if it worked
    """
    data = get_repos()
    now = datetime.utcnow().strftime("%b %d %H:%M %Z %Y")
    template = Template(Path("./README_TEMPLATE.md.jinja").read_text())

    with Path("./README.md") as f:
        f.write_text(template.render(packages=data, updated_time=now))

    return True


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: main
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding:utf-8
import os
import time
import hashlib
import urllib


def get_token(username="beordle"):

    def _get_token(username):
        #不同站点可使用不同密钥
        privatekey = "2324dsf34##4f$43etg4_3t5g?rt)u434"
        timea = str(int(time.time() + 24 * 60 * 60))  # 设置有效期为1天
        token = timea + hashlib.md5(timea + privatekey + username).hexdigest() + username
        return token
    return urllib.quote(_get_token(username))


def auth_token(token):
    def _auth_token(token):
        privatekey = "2324dsf34##4f$43etg4_3t5g?rt)u434"

        #长度验证
        strlen = len("1354975386609d045143db3cb3452aa57d42c9f3c6")
        assert len(token) > strlen  # 有用户名后必然大于只有时间+哈希的长度

        #数据还原并进行有效期验证
        timea = time.time()
        token_time = token[:10]
        token_hash = token[10:10 + 32]
        token_user = token[10 + 32:]
        avaible_time = int(token_time) - timea
        assert 0 < avaible_time < 3600 * 24  # 确保有效期小于一天这样才说明是本程序所生成并不过期
        assert token_hash == hashlib.md5(token_time + privatekey + token_user).hexdigest()
    try:
        _auth_token(token)
        return True
    except:
        return False


def get_username_from_authed_token(token):
    def _auth_token(token):
        privatekey = "2324dsf34##4f$43etg4_3t5g?rt)u434"

        #长度验证
        strlen = len("1354975386609d045143db3cb3452aa57d42c9f3c6")
        assert len(token) > strlen  # 有用户名后必然大于只有时间+哈希的长度

        #数据还原并进行有效期验证
        timea = time.time()
        token_time = token[:10]
        token_hash = token[10:10 + 32]
        token_user = token[10 + 32:]
        avaible_time = int(token_time) - timea
        assert 0 < avaible_time < 3600 * 24  # 确保有效期小于一天这样才说明是本程序所生成并不过期
        assert token_hash == hashlib.md5(token_time + privatekey + token_user).hexdigest()
        return token_user
    try:
        token_user = _auth_token(token)
        return token_user
    except:
        return False

get = get_token
auth = auth_token
getUsernameFromToken = get_username_from_authed_token
if __name__ == '__main__':
    token = get_token("rr")
    print auth_token(token)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  D) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  E) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  F) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding:utf-8
import os
import time
import hashlib
import urllib


def get_token(username="beordle"):

    def _get_token(username):
        #不同站点可使用不同密钥
        privatekey = "2324dsf34##4f$43etg4_3t5g?rt)u434"
        timea = str(int(time.time() + 24 * 60 * 60))  # 设置有效期为1天
        token = timea + hashlib.md5(timea + privatekey + username).hexdigest() + username
        return token
    return urllib.quote(_get_token(username))


def auth_token(token):
    def _auth_token(token):
        privatekey = "2324dsf34##4f$43etg4_3t5g?rt)u434"

        #长度验证
        strlen = len("1354975386609d045143db3cb3452aa57d42c9f3c6")
        assert len(token) > strlen  # 有用户名后必然大于只有时间+哈希的长度

        #数据还原并进行有效期验证
        timea = time.time()
        token_time = token[:10]
        token_hash = token[10:10 + 32]
        token_user = token[10 + 32:]
        avaible_time = int(token_time) - timea
        assert 0 < avaible_time < 3600 * 24  # 确保有效期小于一天这样才说明是本程序所生成并不过期
        assert token_hash == hashlib.md5(token_time + privatekey + token_user).hexdigest()
    try:
        _auth_token(token)
        return True
    except:
        return False


def get_username_from_authed_token(token):
    def _auth_token(token):
        privatekey = "2324dsf34##4f$43etg4_3t5g?rt)u434"

        #长度验证
        strlen = len("1354975386609d045143db3cb3452aa57d42c9f3c6")
        assert len(token) > strlen  # 有用户名后必然大于只有时间+哈希的长度

        #数据还原并进行有效期验证
        timea = time.time()
        token_time = token[:10]
        token_hash = token[10:10 + 32]
        token_user = token[10 + 32:]
        avaible_time = int(token_time) - timea
        assert 0 < avaible_time < 3600 * 24  # 确保有效期小于一天这样才说明是本程序所生成并不过期
        assert token_hash == hashlib.md5(token_time + privatekey + token_user).hexdigest()
        return token_user
    try:
        token_user = _auth_token(token)
        return token_user
    except:
        return False

get = get_token
auth = auth_token
getUsernameFromToken = get_username_from_authed_token
if __name__ == '__main__':
    token = get_token("rr")
    print auth_token(token)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: _get_token
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import os
import sys

from flask import Flask, send_from_directory, render_template, request

app = Flask(__name__, static_url_path='')

work_dir = os.path.realpath('../demo_dir')

@app.route('/')
def root():
    audio_files = sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(work_dir, 'audio')))
    files = []
    for a in audio_files:
        file = {'audio': a,
                'annotation': os.path.splitext(a)[0] + '.json'}
        files.append(file)
    return render_template('index.html', files=files)


@app.route('/annotate.html')
def annotate():
    name = request.args.get('audio', '')
    return render_template('annotate.html', name=name)


@app.route('/static/<path:path>')
def send_js(path):
    # default static_folder is `static`
    return app.send_static_file(path)


@app.route('/annotation/<path:path>', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def annotation(path):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return send_from_directory(os.path.join(work_dir, 'annotation'), path)
    else:
        data = request.data
        filename = path
        output_dir = os.path.join(work_dir, 'annotation')
        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
        with open(os.path.join(output_dir, filename), 'w') as f:
            data = data.decode('utf-8')
            data = json.loads(data)
            json.dump(data, f, indent=2)
        return 'ok'


@app.route('/audio/<path:path>')
def audio(path):
    return send_from_directory(os.path.join(work_dir, 'audio'), path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        work_dir = sys.argv[1]
        work_dir = os.path.realpath(work_dir)
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  B) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  C) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  D) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  E) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import os
import sys

from flask import Flask, send_from_directory, render_template, request

app = Flask(__name__, static_url_path='')

work_dir = os.path.realpath('../demo_dir')

@app.route('/')
def root():
    audio_files = sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(work_dir, 'audio')))
    files = []
    for a in audio_files:
        file = {'audio': a,
                'annotation': os.path.splitext(a)[0] + '.json'}
        files.append(file)
    return render_template('index.html', files=files)


@app.route('/annotate.html')
def annotate():
    name = request.args.get('audio', '')
    return render_template('annotate.html', name=name)


@app.route('/static/<path:path>')
def send_js(path):
    # default static_folder is `static`
    return app.send_static_file(path)


@app.route('/annotation/<path:path>', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def annotation(path):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return send_from_directory(os.path.join(work_dir, 'annotation'), path)
    else:
        data = request.data
        filename = path
        output_dir = os.path.join(work_dir, 'annotation')
        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
        with open(os.path.join(output_dir, filename), 'w') as f:
            data = data.decode('utf-8')
            data = json.loads(data)
            json.dump(data, f, indent=2)
        return 'ok'


@app.route('/audio/<path:path>')
def audio(path):
    return send_from_directory(os.path.join(work_dir, 'audio'), path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        work_dir = sys.argv[1]
        work_dir = os.path.realpath(work_dir)
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) annotate
  B) root
  C) audio
  D) annotation
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import os
import sys

from flask import Flask, send_from_directory, render_template, request

app = Flask(__name__, static_url_path='')

work_dir = os.path.realpath('../demo_dir')

@app.route('/')
def root():
    audio_files = sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(work_dir, 'audio')))
    files = []
    for a in audio_files:
        file = {'audio': a,
                'annotation': os.path.splitext(a)[0] + '.json'}
        files.append(file)
    return render_template('index.html', files=files)


@app.route('/annotate.html')
def annotate():
    name = request.args.get('audio', '')
    return render_template('annotate.html', name=name)


@app.route('/static/<path:path>')
def send_js(path):
    # default static_folder is `static`
    return app.send_static_file(path)


@app.route('/annotation/<path:path>', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def annotation(path):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return send_from_directory(os.path.join(work_dir, 'annotation'), path)
    else:
        data = request.data
        filename = path
        output_dir = os.path.join(work_dir, 'annotation')
        os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
        with open(os.path.join(output_dir, filename), 'w') as f:
            data = data.decode('utf-8')
            data = json.loads(data)
            json.dump(data, f, indent=2)
        return 'ok'


@app.route('/audio/<path:path>')
def audio(path):
    return send_from_directory(os.path.join(work_dir, 'audio'), path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        work_dir = sys.argv[1]
        work_dir = os.path.realpath(work_dir)
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: annotation
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

from argparse import ArgumentParser
import boto3
import json
import os
import time

ACCESS_ID = "AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"
SECRET_KEY = "AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"
SESSION_KEY = "AWS_SESSION_TOKEN"

def assumeRole(client, arn):
    response = client.assume_role (
        RoleArn = arn,
        RoleSessionName = 'juggle',
        DurationSeconds = 3600
    )

    if not response:
        print("[!] Failed to assume role. Exiting.")
        return

    if 'Credentials' not in response:
        print("[!] No credentials returned. Exiting.")
        return
    
    credentials = response['Credentials']
    print(f"[*] Expiration: {credentials['Expiration']}")

    print(f"{credentials['AccessKeyId']}\n{credentials['SecretAccessKey']}\n{credentials['SessionToken']}\n")

    session = boto3.session.Session(aws_access_key_id=credentials['AccessKeyId'],
                                    aws_secret_access_key = credentials['SecretAccessKey'],
                                    aws_session_token=credentials['SessionToken'])

    client= session.client('sts')
    return client

def juggleRoles(roleList):
    client = boto3.client('sts') 

    first_role = roleList.pop(0)
    roleList.append(first_role)

    client = assumeRole(client, first_role)
    # Do the first role assumption

    try:
        while(True):
            print("[*] Sleeping for 15 minutes and then refreshing session.")
            time.sleep(540)
            for role in roleList:
                client = assumeRole(client, role)
    
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        return
 

if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-r', '--role-list', nargs='+', default=[])
    args = parser.parse_args()

    juggleRoles(args.role_list)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) juggleRoles
  B) assumeRole
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

from argparse import ArgumentParser
import boto3
import json
import os
import time

ACCESS_ID = "AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"
SECRET_KEY = "AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"
SESSION_KEY = "AWS_SESSION_TOKEN"

def assumeRole(client, arn):
    response = client.assume_role (
        RoleArn = arn,
        RoleSessionName = 'juggle',
        DurationSeconds = 3600
    )

    if not response:
        print("[!] Failed to assume role. Exiting.")
        return

    if 'Credentials' not in response:
        print("[!] No credentials returned. Exiting.")
        return
    
    credentials = response['Credentials']
    print(f"[*] Expiration: {credentials['Expiration']}")

    print(f"{credentials['AccessKeyId']}\n{credentials['SecretAccessKey']}\n{credentials['SessionToken']}\n")

    session = boto3.session.Session(aws_access_key_id=credentials['AccessKeyId'],
                                    aws_secret_access_key = credentials['SecretAccessKey'],
                                    aws_session_token=credentials['SessionToken'])

    client= session.client('sts')
    return client

def juggleRoles(roleList):
    client = boto3.client('sts') 

    first_role = roleList.pop(0)
    roleList.append(first_role)

    client = assumeRole(client, first_role)
    # Do the first role assumption

    try:
        while(True):
            print("[*] Sleeping for 15 minutes and then refreshing session.")
            time.sleep(540)
            for role in roleList:
                client = assumeRole(client, role)
    
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        return
 

if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-r', '--role-list', nargs='+', default=[])
    args = parser.parse_args()

    juggleRoles(args.role_list)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: assumeRole