OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Methods for reading and writing spk files"""

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA

import constants
import util

def parse(data):
 """Parses an spk file

 Returns:
  The contained apk data
 """
 encryptedKey, encryptedData = parseContainer(data)
 key = decryptKey(encryptedKey)
 return decryptData(key, encryptedData)

def dump(data):
 """Builds an spk file containing the apk data specified"""
 encryptedKey = constants.sampleSpkKey
 key = decryptKey(encryptedKey)
 encryptedData = encryptData(key, data)
 return dumpContainer(encryptedKey, encryptedData)

def parseContainer(data):
 """Parses an spk file

 Returns:
  ('encrypted key', 'encrypted apk data')
 """
 if data[:4] != constants.header:
  raise
 offset = util.parseInt(data[4:8])
 keyLen = util.parseInt(data[offset+8:offset+12])
 return data[offset+12:offset+12+keyLen], data[offset+12+keyLen:]

def dumpContainer(encryptedKey, encryptedData):
 """Builds an spk file from the encrypted key and data specified"""
 return constants.header + util.dumpInt(0) + util.dumpInt(len(encryptedKey)) + encryptedKey + encryptedData

def decryptKey(encryptedKey):
 """Decrypts an RSA-encrypted key"""
 rsa = RSA.construct((long(constants.rsaModulus), long(constants.rsaExponent)))
 return rsa.encrypt(encryptedKey, 0)[0]

def decryptData(key, encryptedData):
 """Decrypts the apk data using the specified AES key"""
 aes = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_ECB)
 return ''.join(util.unpad(aes.decrypt(c)) for c in util.chunk(encryptedData, constants.blockSize + constants.paddingSize))

def encryptData(key, data):
 """Encrypts the apk data using the specified AES key"""
 aes = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_ECB)
 return ''.join(aes.encrypt(util.pad(c, constants.paddingSize)) for c in util.chunk(data, constants.blockSize))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  D) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from flask import Flask, request
from docker import Client
from docker.utils import kwargs_from_env

flask_app = Flask(__name__)

# initialising the docker client assuming it's running on mac OS X
kwargs = kwargs_from_env()
kwargs['tls'].assert_hostname = False
docker_client = Client(**kwargs)
container = docker_client.create_container(
    image='busybox:latest',
    command='/bin/sleep 60')
container_id = container.get('Id')  # we have only one conatiner


@flask_app.route('/start', methods=['GET'])
def start_docker():
    name = request.args.get('name')
    container_name = 'DEFAULT_NAME' if (name is None) else name
    status = get_container_status()
    if (status is None):
        docker_client.start(container_id)
        return "started docker container with id {} and name {}".format(
            container_id, container_name)
    return "container with id {} is already running".format(container_id)


@flask_app.route('/stop', methods=['GET'])
def stop_docker():
    status = get_container_status()
    if (status is not None):
        docker_client.stop(container=container_id)
        return "stopped docker container with id {}".format(container_id)
    return "container with id {} is already not running".format(container_id)


@flask_app.route('/status', methods=['GET'])
def get_status_docker():
    if (get_container_status() is None):
        return "Container is currently not running. Please hit /start API."
    status = get_container_status()
    return "docker container status is {}".format(status)


"""
Helper function for retrieving the status of the single container.
If there's no container avaialable (stopped or not even started), None is
being returned.
"""
def get_container_status():
    if (len(docker_client.containers()) > 0):
        return docker_client.containers()[0]['Status']
    return None

if __name__ == "__main__":
    flask_app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8081)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  E) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: C,F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from flask import Flask, request
from docker import Client
from docker.utils import kwargs_from_env

flask_app = Flask(__name__)

# initialising the docker client assuming it's running on mac OS X
kwargs = kwargs_from_env()
kwargs['tls'].assert_hostname = False
docker_client = Client(**kwargs)
container = docker_client.create_container(
    image='busybox:latest',
    command='/bin/sleep 60')
container_id = container.get('Id')  # we have only one conatiner


@flask_app.route('/start', methods=['GET'])
def start_docker():
    name = request.args.get('name')
    container_name = 'DEFAULT_NAME' if (name is None) else name
    status = get_container_status()
    if (status is None):
        docker_client.start(container_id)
        return "started docker container with id {} and name {}".format(
            container_id, container_name)
    return "container with id {} is already running".format(container_id)


@flask_app.route('/stop', methods=['GET'])
def stop_docker():
    status = get_container_status()
    if (status is not None):
        docker_client.stop(container=container_id)
        return "stopped docker container with id {}".format(container_id)
    return "container with id {} is already not running".format(container_id)


@flask_app.route('/status', methods=['GET'])
def get_status_docker():
    if (get_container_status() is None):
        return "Container is currently not running. Please hit /start API."
    status = get_container_status()
    return "docker container status is {}".format(status)


"""
Helper function for retrieving the status of the single container.
If there's no container avaialable (stopped or not even started), None is
being returned.
"""
def get_container_status():
    if (len(docker_client.containers()) > 0):
        return docker_client.containers()[0]['Status']
    return None

if __name__ == "__main__":
    flask_app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8081)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) start_docker
  B) get_status_docker
  C) stop_docker
  D) get_container_status
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from flask import Flask, request
from docker import Client
from docker.utils import kwargs_from_env

flask_app = Flask(__name__)

# initialising the docker client assuming it's running on mac OS X
kwargs = kwargs_from_env()
kwargs['tls'].assert_hostname = False
docker_client = Client(**kwargs)
container = docker_client.create_container(
    image='busybox:latest',
    command='/bin/sleep 60')
container_id = container.get('Id')  # we have only one conatiner


@flask_app.route('/start', methods=['GET'])
def start_docker():
    name = request.args.get('name')
    container_name = 'DEFAULT_NAME' if (name is None) else name
    status = get_container_status()
    if (status is None):
        docker_client.start(container_id)
        return "started docker container with id {} and name {}".format(
            container_id, container_name)
    return "container with id {} is already running".format(container_id)


@flask_app.route('/stop', methods=['GET'])
def stop_docker():
    status = get_container_status()
    if (status is not None):
        docker_client.stop(container=container_id)
        return "stopped docker container with id {}".format(container_id)
    return "container with id {} is already not running".format(container_id)


@flask_app.route('/status', methods=['GET'])
def get_status_docker():
    if (get_container_status() is None):
        return "Container is currently not running. Please hit /start API."
    status = get_container_status()
    return "docker container status is {}".format(status)


"""
Helper function for retrieving the status of the single container.
If there's no container avaialable (stopped or not even started), None is
being returned.
"""
def get_container_status():
    if (len(docker_client.containers()) > 0):
        return docker_client.containers()[0]['Status']
    return None

if __name__ == "__main__":
    flask_app.run(debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8081)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: start_docker
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import glob
import shutil

import yaml
import click
from jinja2 import Template

from airflow_dag.__version__ import __version__


@click.group("airflow-dag")
@click.version_option(version=__version__)
@click.pass_context
def cli(*args, **kwargs):
    """A tool to manage Airflow dags."""
    pass


@cli.command("build")
@click.option("-t", "--template-dir", help="Path to dag templates")
@click.option("-c", "--config", help="Path to dag config")
@click.option("-o", "--output-dir", help="Output path")
@click.pass_context
def build(*args, **kwargs):
    """Convert a yaml config to an Airflow dag."""
    template_dir = kwargs["template_dir"]
    output_dir = kwargs["output_dir"] if kwargs["output_dir"] is not None else os.getcwd()

    if template_dir is not None:
        templates = glob.glob(os.path.join(template_dir, "*.j2"))
    else:
        cwd = os.path.dirname(__file__)
        templates = glob.glob(os.path.join(cwd, "templates", "*.j2"))

    templates = {
        os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(templates[0]))[0]: t for t in templates
    }

    with open(kwargs["config"], "r") as f:
        config = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.Loader)

    if "template" not in config:
        raise click.UsageError("Config does not have template type")

    config_dir = os.path.dirname(kwargs["config"])
    notebook_path = os.path.join(config_dir, config["notebook_name"])

    if not os.path.isfile(notebook_path):
        raise click.UsageError(f"{config['notebook_name']} not found in {config_dir}")

    template_type = config["template"]
    if template_type not in templates:
        raise click.UsageError(f"{template_type} template not found in {kwargs['template_dir']}")

    with open(templates[template_type], "r") as f:
        template = Template(f.read())
    dag = template.render(config)

    if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
        os.makedirs(output_dir)

    with open(os.path.join(output_dir, f"{config['dag_name']}_v{config['version']}.py"), "w") as f:
        f.write(dag)
    shutil.copy(notebook_path, os.path.join(output_dir, config["notebook_name"]))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    cli()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: build
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import os
import re
from requests import get
from tqdm import tqdm

from src.constants import MSG_ERROR_DOWNLOAD, PATTERN_TS, TMP_DOWNLOAD_PATH, URL_TS

def get_ts_urls(content):
    urls = list()

    for line in content.split('\n')[::-1]:
        match = re.match(PATTERN_TS, line)
        if match:
            no = int(match.group(1))
            urls = [URL_TS.format(i) for i in range(1, no + 1)]
            break

    return urls

def download_ts_files(urls, url_root, path):
    len_urls = len(urls)
    for i in tqdm(range(len_urls), desc='Downloading ts files'):
        try:
            response = get(url_root + urls[i], stream=True, verify=False)
        except Exception:
            return MSG_ERROR_DOWNLOAD

        download_path = os.path.join(path, "{}.ts".format(i + 1))
        with open(download_path, "wb+") as file:
            for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
                if chunk:
                    file.write(chunk)

    return len_urls

def concatenate_ts_files(max_no, input_dir, output_path, convert_to_mp4=False):
    print('***************** {}'.format(output_path))
    with open(output_path + '.ts', "wb+") as file:
        for i in range(max_no):
            filename = os.path.join(input_dir, '{}.ts'.format(i + 1))
            file.write(open(filename, "rb").read())

    clear_tmp_dir(TMP_DOWNLOAD_PATH)

    if convert_to_mp4:
        import subprocess
        command = [
            'ffmpeg', '-y', '-i', output_path + '.ts', output_path + '.mp4'
        ]
        ffmpeg = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        ffmpeg.communicate()
        os.remove(output_path + '.ts')
        output_path += '.mp4'
    else:
        output_path += '.ts'

    return output_path

def clear_tmp_dir(dir):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dir, topdown=False):
        for name in files:
            os.remove(os.path.join(root, name))
        for name in dirs:
            os.rmdir(os.path.join(root, name))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  B) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import os
import re
from requests import get
from tqdm import tqdm

from src.constants import MSG_ERROR_DOWNLOAD, PATTERN_TS, TMP_DOWNLOAD_PATH, URL_TS

def get_ts_urls(content):
    urls = list()

    for line in content.split('\n')[::-1]:
        match = re.match(PATTERN_TS, line)
        if match:
            no = int(match.group(1))
            urls = [URL_TS.format(i) for i in range(1, no + 1)]
            break

    return urls

def download_ts_files(urls, url_root, path):
    len_urls = len(urls)
    for i in tqdm(range(len_urls), desc='Downloading ts files'):
        try:
            response = get(url_root + urls[i], stream=True, verify=False)
        except Exception:
            return MSG_ERROR_DOWNLOAD

        download_path = os.path.join(path, "{}.ts".format(i + 1))
        with open(download_path, "wb+") as file:
            for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
                if chunk:
                    file.write(chunk)

    return len_urls

def concatenate_ts_files(max_no, input_dir, output_path, convert_to_mp4=False):
    print('***************** {}'.format(output_path))
    with open(output_path + '.ts', "wb+") as file:
        for i in range(max_no):
            filename = os.path.join(input_dir, '{}.ts'.format(i + 1))
            file.write(open(filename, "rb").read())

    clear_tmp_dir(TMP_DOWNLOAD_PATH)

    if convert_to_mp4:
        import subprocess
        command = [
            'ffmpeg', '-y', '-i', output_path + '.ts', output_path + '.mp4'
        ]
        ffmpeg = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        ffmpeg.communicate()
        os.remove(output_path + '.ts')
        output_path += '.mp4'
    else:
        output_path += '.ts'

    return output_path

def clear_tmp_dir(dir):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dir, topdown=False):
        for name in files:
            os.remove(os.path.join(root, name))
        for name in dirs:
            os.rmdir(os.path.join(root, name))

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability?

  A) concatenate_ts_files
  B) clear_tmp_dir
  C) download_ts_files
  D) get_ts_urls
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import os
import re
from requests import get
from tqdm import tqdm

from src.constants import MSG_ERROR_DOWNLOAD, PATTERN_TS, TMP_DOWNLOAD_PATH, URL_TS

def get_ts_urls(content):
    urls = list()

    for line in content.split('\n')[::-1]:
        match = re.match(PATTERN_TS, line)
        if match:
            no = int(match.group(1))
            urls = [URL_TS.format(i) for i in range(1, no + 1)]
            break

    return urls

def download_ts_files(urls, url_root, path):
    len_urls = len(urls)
    for i in tqdm(range(len_urls), desc='Downloading ts files'):
        try:
            response = get(url_root + urls[i], stream=True, verify=False)
        except Exception:
            return MSG_ERROR_DOWNLOAD

        download_path = os.path.join(path, "{}.ts".format(i + 1))
        with open(download_path, "wb+") as file:
            for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
                if chunk:
                    file.write(chunk)

    return len_urls

def concatenate_ts_files(max_no, input_dir, output_path, convert_to_mp4=False):
    print('***************** {}'.format(output_path))
    with open(output_path + '.ts', "wb+") as file:
        for i in range(max_no):
            filename = os.path.join(input_dir, '{}.ts'.format(i + 1))
            file.write(open(filename, "rb").read())

    clear_tmp_dir(TMP_DOWNLOAD_PATH)

    if convert_to_mp4:
        import subprocess
        command = [
            'ffmpeg', '-y', '-i', output_path + '.ts', output_path + '.mp4'
        ]
        ffmpeg = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        ffmpeg.communicate()
        os.remove(output_path + '.ts')
        output_path += '.mp4'
    else:
        output_path += '.ts'

    return output_path

def clear_tmp_dir(dir):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dir, topdown=False):
        for name in files:
            os.remove(os.path.join(root, name))
        for name in dirs:
            os.rmdir(os.path.join(root, name))

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: download_ts_files
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import logging
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils import timezone
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError

from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password, check_password

logger = logging.getLogger('default')

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Generates a hash to use as the secret key based on the given string.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('password', type=str)

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        password = options['password']
        hash_pass = make_password(password)
        logger.info("Hashed password: \n{0}".format(hash_pass))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  C) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import logging
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils import timezone
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError

from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password, check_password

logger = logging.getLogger('default')

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Generates a hash to use as the secret key based on the given string.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('password', type=str)

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        password = options['password']
        hash_pass = make_password(password)
        logger.info("Hashed password: \n{0}".format(hash_pass))

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) Command
  B) handle
  C) add_arguments
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import logging
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils import timezone
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError

from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password, check_password

logger = logging.getLogger('default')

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Generates a hash to use as the secret key based on the given string.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('password', type=str)

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        password = options['password']
        hash_pass = make_password(password)
        logger.info("Hashed password: \n{0}".format(hash_pass))

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: handle
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import logging
import time
import hashlib

from db_models import UserAuth, UserInfo

__author__ = 'Burnell Liu'


async def user_cookie_parse(cookie_str, cookie_secret=''):
    """
    解析用户COOKIE字符串
    :param cookie_str: COOKIE字符串
    :param cookie_secret: 加密COOKIE的字符串
    :return: 成功返回user对象, 失败返回None
    """
    if not cookie_str:
        return None
    try:
        str_list = cookie_str.split('-')
        if len(str_list) != 3:
            return None
        uid, expires, sha1 = str_list
        if int(expires) < time.time():
            return None
        user = await UserInfo.find(uid)
        if user is None:
            return None

        s = '%s-%s-%s' % (uid, expires, cookie_secret)
        if sha1 != hashlib.sha1(s.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest():
            logging.info('parse cookie fail: invalid sha1')
            return None

        return user

    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception(e)
        return None


def user_cookie_generate(user_id, max_age, cookie_secret=''):
    """
    根据用户id生成用户COOKIE
    :param user_id: 用户id
    :param max_age: COOKIE有效时间
    :param cookie_secret: 加密COOKIE的字符串
    :return: COOKIE字符串
    """
    # 过期时间
    expires = str(int(time.time() + max_age))
    mix_str = '%s-%s-%s' % (user_id, expires, cookie_secret)
    items = [user_id, expires, hashlib.sha1(mix_str.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()]
    return '-'.join(items)


def verify_image_cookie_generate(num_str, cookie_secret=''):
    """
    根据验证码生成验证码COOKIE
    :param num_str: 验证码
    :param cookie_secret: 加密COOKIE的字符串
    :return: COOKIE字符串
    """
    mix_str = '%s-%s' % (num_str, cookie_secret)
    return hashlib.sha1(mix_str.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  E) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  F) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os, re, json
import numpy
from math import sqrt
from .mri import MRI

class Widget(object):
    def __init__(self, fname, categorized):
        from IPython.core.display import display, Javascript
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "template/init_widget.js"))
        js = open(path).read()
        display(Javascript(js))

        self.fname = fname
        self.categorized = categorized
        self.seek = 0

    def plot(self, config={}):
        from jinja2 import Template
        from IPython.core.display import display, HTML
        from IPython.kernel.comm import Comm
        from tempfile import TemporaryFile
        from base64 import b64encode
        from uuid import uuid4

        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "template/widget.html"))
        template = Template(open(path).read())

        # encode png as base64
        f = TemporaryFile("r+b")
        shape = self.categorized.to_png(f, filter=False)
        f.seek(0)
        png = "data:image/png;base64," + b64encode(f.read())
        depth, height, width = self.categorized.data.shape[1:4]
        size = {
            "width": int(width),
            "height": int(height),
            "depth": int(depth),
            "frames_per_row": int(shape[1]/width),
            "frames_per_column": int(shape[0]/height)
        }
        config.update({"voltex_size": size})

        label_rules = [[v[0], map(int, list(v[1]))] for k, v in self.categorized.label.items()]

        display(HTML(template.render(**{
            "div_id": "vis" + str(uuid4()),
            "encoded_png": png,
            "label" : label_rules,
            "config": config
        })))

        comm = Comm("IPysurfer")

        def reciever(msg):
            title = msg['content'][u'data'][u'title']
            if title == "seek":
                num = msg['content'][u'data'][u'num']
                self.seek = num
            elif title == "next":
                num = msg['content'][u'data'][u'num']
                mri = MRI.from_mgz(self.fname, start=self.seek, end=self.seek+num-1)
                comm.send({
                    "array": [mri.fold(i) for i in range(0, num)]
                })
                self.seek += num

        comm.on_msg(reciever);

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) __init__
  B) reciever
  C) plot
  D) Widget
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os, re, json
import numpy
from math import sqrt
from .mri import MRI

class Widget(object):
    def __init__(self, fname, categorized):
        from IPython.core.display import display, Javascript
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "template/init_widget.js"))
        js = open(path).read()
        display(Javascript(js))

        self.fname = fname
        self.categorized = categorized
        self.seek = 0

    def plot(self, config={}):
        from jinja2 import Template
        from IPython.core.display import display, HTML
        from IPython.kernel.comm import Comm
        from tempfile import TemporaryFile
        from base64 import b64encode
        from uuid import uuid4

        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "template/widget.html"))
        template = Template(open(path).read())

        # encode png as base64
        f = TemporaryFile("r+b")
        shape = self.categorized.to_png(f, filter=False)
        f.seek(0)
        png = "data:image/png;base64," + b64encode(f.read())
        depth, height, width = self.categorized.data.shape[1:4]
        size = {
            "width": int(width),
            "height": int(height),
            "depth": int(depth),
            "frames_per_row": int(shape[1]/width),
            "frames_per_column": int(shape[0]/height)
        }
        config.update({"voltex_size": size})

        label_rules = [[v[0], map(int, list(v[1]))] for k, v in self.categorized.label.items()]

        display(HTML(template.render(**{
            "div_id": "vis" + str(uuid4()),
            "encoded_png": png,
            "label" : label_rules,
            "config": config
        })))

        comm = Comm("IPysurfer")

        def reciever(msg):
            title = msg['content'][u'data'][u'title']
            if title == "seek":
                num = msg['content'][u'data'][u'num']
                self.seek = num
            elif title == "next":
                num = msg['content'][u'data'][u'num']
                mri = MRI.from_mgz(self.fname, start=self.seek, end=self.seek+num-1)
                comm.send({
                    "array": [mri.fold(i) for i in range(0, num)]
                })
                self.seek += num

        comm.on_msg(reciever);

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: plot
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Importing functions from the class bottle
from bottle import run, get, post, request
import time
import requests
import threading


def timer():
    while True:
        result = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:4444")
        print(result.text)
        time.sleep(1)


@get("/")  # Can use same method name because of the decorator
def do():
    return "X server 1"


@post("/letter")
def do():
    letter = request.forms.get("letter")
    if letter in ("a", "b", "c"):
        return f"Yes I got the letter: {letter}"
    else:
        req = int(requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:4444").text)
        print(f"Number: {req}")
        req_multiply = req * 2
        return f"Did not match a letter, hence a number: {str(req_multiply)}"


@ post("/signin")
def do():
    # Getting the form data
    name = request.forms.get("name")
    email = request.forms.get("email")
    return f"Hi {name}, your email is {email}"


# xtimer = threading.Thread(target=timer)  # Targeting the method name timer.
# xtimer.start()

run(host="127.0.0.1", port=3333, debug=True, reloader=True)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) do
  B) timer
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Importing functions from the class bottle
from bottle import run, get, post, request
import time
import requests
import threading


def timer():
    while True:
        result = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:4444")
        print(result.text)
        time.sleep(1)


@get("/")  # Can use same method name because of the decorator
def do():
    return "X server 1"


@post("/letter")
def do():
    letter = request.forms.get("letter")
    if letter in ("a", "b", "c"):
        return f"Yes I got the letter: {letter}"
    else:
        req = int(requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:4444").text)
        print(f"Number: {req}")
        req_multiply = req * 2
        return f"Did not match a letter, hence a number: {str(req_multiply)}"


@ post("/signin")
def do():
    # Getting the form data
    name = request.forms.get("name")
    email = request.forms.get("email")
    return f"Hi {name}, your email is {email}"


# xtimer = threading.Thread(target=timer)  # Targeting the method name timer.
# xtimer.start()

run(host="127.0.0.1", port=3333, debug=True, reloader=True)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: do
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import json

# Given a Passport document, extract the passport holder face and convert/parse all Machine Readable Zone
# to textual content ready to be consumed by your application.
#
# PixLab recommend that you connect your AWS S3 bucket via the dashboard at https://pixlab.io/dashboard
# so that any extracted face or MRZ crop is automatically stored on your S3 bucket rather than the PixLab one.
# This feature should give you full control over your analyzed media files.
#
# https://pixlab.io/cmd?id=docscan for additional information.

req = requests.post('https://api.pixlab.io/docscan',
  files = {'file': open('./local_passport_image.png', 'rb')},
  data={
  'type':'passport', # Type of document we are a going to scan,
  'key':'PIXLAB_API_KEY' # PixLab API Key - Get yours from https://pixlab.io/dashboard'
})
reply = req.json()
if reply['status'] != 200:
  print (reply['error'])
else:
  print ("User Cropped Face: " + reply['face_url'])
  print ("MRZ Cropped Image: " + reply['mrz_img_url'])
  print ("Raw MRZ Text: " + reply['mrz_raw_text'])
  print ("MRZ Fields: ")
  # Display all parsed MRZ fields
  print ("\tIssuing Country: " + reply['fields']['issuingCountry'])
  print ("\tFull Name: "       + reply['fields']['fullName'])
  print ("\tDocument Number: " + reply['fields']['documentNumber'])
  print ("\tCheck Digit: "   + reply['fields']['checkDigit'])
  print ("\tNationality: "   + reply['fields']['nationality'])
  print ("\tDate Of Birth: " + reply['fields']['dateOfBirth'])
  print ("\tSex: "           + reply['fields']['sex'])
  print ("\tDate Of Expiry: "    + reply['fields']['dateOfExpiry'])
  print ("\tPersonal Number: "   + reply['fields']['personalNumber'])
  print ("\tFinal Check Digit: " + reply['fields']['finalcheckDigit'])

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  B) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  C) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  D) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  E) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!venv/bin/python

import os, re, json

from flask import Flask, request
from flask_restful import Resource, Api
from json import dumps
from flask_jsonpify import jsonify
from flask import render_template
from boxes import *

app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)

def get_logs(date, severity, box):
    
    DATESTAMP_RE = r'(\w+\s+\d+)'   
    TIMESTAMP_RE = r'(\d+:\d+:\d+)' 
    DEVICE_IP_RE = r'(\S+)'       
    ERROR_SEVERITY_RE = r'<local7.(\S+)>'
    ERROR_CODE_RE = r':\s+%(\S+):'                
    ERROR_MESSAGE_RE = r'(.*)'     
    COLUMN_DELIMITER_RE = r'\s+' 
    PADDING_RE = r'\s?(?:\d+\s+\w+\s+\d+\s+\d+:\d+:\d+\s+\w+)?'

    keys = ['datestamp', 'timestamp', 'error_severity', 'device', 'error_code', 'error_message']
    result_log = []
    datestamp = str(date)
    year = datestamp[0:4]
    month = datestamp[4:6]
    day = datestamp[-2:]
    filename = datestamp + '.log'
    ip_address_list = [ip for ip,name in boxes.iteritems() if name == box]
    ip_address = ip_address_list[0]
    workdir = '/var/log/cisco/' + year + '/' + month + '/' + ip_address + '/'
    filepath = workdir + filename

    SYSLOG_RE = (
        DATESTAMP_RE + COLUMN_DELIMITER_RE +
        TIMESTAMP_RE + COLUMN_DELIMITER_RE +
        ERROR_SEVERITY_RE + COLUMN_DELIMITER_RE +
        DEVICE_IP_RE + COLUMN_DELIMITER_RE + PADDING_RE +
        ERROR_CODE_RE + COLUMN_DELIMITER_RE +
        ERROR_MESSAGE_RE)

    if os.path.isfile(filepath):
	with open(filepath, mode = 'r') as syslog:
	    log_lines = syslog.readlines()
	    for line in reversed(log_lines):
		matched  = re.match(SYSLOG_RE, line)
		if not matched:
		    continue
		values = matched.groups()
		result = dict(zip(keys, values))
		result['device'] = boxes[result['device']]
		
		if severity == 'all':
		    result_log.append(result)
		elif result['error_severity'] == severity and result['device'] == box:
		    result_log.append(result)
		else:
		    pass
    return result_log
                        
class Syslog(Resource):
    def get(self):
        date = request.args.get('date') 
        severity = request.args.get('severity')
        box = request.args.get('box')
        log = {"data": get_logs(date, severity, box)}

        #return render_template('logs.html', logs = logs)
        return jsonify(log)

api.add_resource(Syslog, '/syslog') # Route_1

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="217.73.28.16", port=5002)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) get
  B) Syslog
  C) get_logs
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
def cadastrar():
    email = input("E-mail: ")
    name = input("Nome:")
    password = input("Senha: ")
    #adiciona user no arquivo de login
    f = open("logins.txt","r")
    content = f.readlines()
    content.append(email + ',' + name + ',' + password + '\n')
    f.close()
    f = open("logins.txt","w")
    f.writelines(content)
    f.close()

    #coleta lista de usuarios 'list_users'
    list_users = set()
    f = open("logins.txt", "r")
    if f.mode == 'r':
        contents = f.read()
        contents = contents.splitlines()
        for content in contents:
            list_users.add(content)
    f.close()

    #testa se um usuario existe
    name_check = 'rafael2'
    for user in list_users:
      name_user = user.split(',')[0]
      if(name_user == name_check):
        print('usuario existe')

    print(list_users)


```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Answer: C