OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import csv

def hash_password_hack(input_file_name, output_file_name):
    def hashin(myPassword):
        myHash= hashlib.sha256(myPassword.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
        return(myHash)
    
    def read_csv(adres):
        with open(adres) as f: 
            lines=csv.reader(f)
            read_dic=dict()
            for line in lines:
                user_name=line[0]
                for hash_pass in line[1:]:
                    read_dic[hash_pass]=user_name

            return(read_dic)

    def creat_csv(adres):
        with open(adres,'w') as f: 
            for i in range(1000,9999): 
                savedstr=str(i)+','+ hashin(str(i))
                print(savedstr,file=f)
    
    def creat_cracked_file(adres):
        with open(adres,'w') as f: 
            for item in dic_cracked:
                savedstr=item+','+ dic_cracked[item]
                print(savedstr, file=f)
    

    dic_sample=dict()
    dic_hashed=dict()
    dic_cracked=dict()

    dic_sample=read_csv(input_file_name)

    for i in range(1000,9999): 
        dic_hashed[hashin(str(i))]=str(i)

    for item in dic_sample:
        user_name=dic_sample[item]
        #print(user_name)
        #print(dic_hashed)
        dic_cracked[user_name]=dic_hashed[item]

    creat_cracked_file(output_file_name)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) hashin
  B) hash_password_hack
  C) creat_csv
  D) creat_cracked_file
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import csv

def hash_password_hack(input_file_name, output_file_name):
    def hashin(myPassword):
        myHash= hashlib.sha256(myPassword.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
        return(myHash)
    
    def read_csv(adres):
        with open(adres) as f: 
            lines=csv.reader(f)
            read_dic=dict()
            for line in lines:
                user_name=line[0]
                for hash_pass in line[1:]:
                    read_dic[hash_pass]=user_name

            return(read_dic)

    def creat_csv(adres):
        with open(adres,'w') as f: 
            for i in range(1000,9999): 
                savedstr=str(i)+','+ hashin(str(i))
                print(savedstr,file=f)
    
    def creat_cracked_file(adres):
        with open(adres,'w') as f: 
            for item in dic_cracked:
                savedstr=item+','+ dic_cracked[item]
                print(savedstr, file=f)
    

    dic_sample=dict()
    dic_hashed=dict()
    dic_cracked=dict()

    dic_sample=read_csv(input_file_name)

    for i in range(1000,9999): 
        dic_hashed[hashin(str(i))]=str(i)

    for item in dic_sample:
        user_name=dic_sample[item]
        #print(user_name)
        #print(dic_hashed)
        dic_cracked[user_name]=dic_hashed[item]

    creat_cracked_file(output_file_name)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: hashin
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import json
import send

app = Flask(__name__)

def load_config():
    with open('./configurations.json') as json_file:
        configs = json.load(json_file)
        key = configs['configurations']['key']
        host = configs['configurations']['host']
        return key, host

@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])


def main():
    data = request.get_json() or {}
    city = data['city']
    key = load_config()[0]
    host = load_config()[1]
    response = send.send(host, key, city)

    # this can be used to custom construct json response
    # data = {}
    # data['key'] = 'value'
    # json_data = json.dumps(data)

    temp_result = response["main"]["temp"]
    string_temp_result = str(temp_result)
    city_temp_print = ("The temperature in " + city + " is: " + string_temp_result + " C")

    print(city_temp_print)

    return city_temp_print

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: main
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os

from flask import current_app, make_response, request
from flask import send_file, render_template

from flaskapi.core.worker import celery
import celery.states as states

from flask import Blueprint
route_blueprint = Blueprint('route_blueprint', __name__)


# Create a URL route in our current_application for "/home"
@route_blueprint.route('/main')
def main():
    """
    This function just responds to the browser ULR
    localhost:5000/home

    :return:        the rendered template 'home.html'
    """
    return render_template('home.html')


@route_blueprint.route('/log_test')
def log_test():
    current_app.logger.debug('this is a DEBUG message')
    current_app.logger.info('this is an INFO message')
    current_app.logger.warning('this is a WARNING message')
    current_app.logger.error('this is an ERROR message')
    current_app.logger.critical('this is a CRITICAL message')
    index_path = os.path.join(current_app.static_folder, 'index.html')
    return send_file(index_path)


@route_blueprint.route('/add/<int:param1>/<int:param2>')
def add(param1: int, param2: int) -> str:
    task = celery.send_task('tasks.add', args=[param1, param2], kwargs={})
    response = make_response(render_template('task.html', task_id=task))
    response.headers.set('Content-Security-Policy', "default-src 'self'")
    return response


@route_blueprint.route('/check/<string:task_id>')
def check_task(task_id: str) -> str:
    res = celery.AsyncResult(task_id)
    if res.state == states.PENDING:
        return res.state
    else:
        return str(res.result)


# Everything not declared before (not a Flask route / API endpoint)...
@route_blueprint.route('/<path:path>')
def route_frontend(path):
    # ...could be a static file needed by the front end that
    # doesn't use the `static` path (like in `<script src="bundle.js">`)
    file_path = os.path.join(current_app.template_folder, path)
    if os.path.isfile(file_path):
        return send_file(file_path)
    # ...or should be handled by the SPA's "router" in front end
    else:
        index_path = os.path.join(current_app.static_folder, 'index.html')
        return send_file(index_path)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) add
  B) route_frontend
  C) main
  D) log_test
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os

from flask import current_app, make_response, request
from flask import send_file, render_template

from flaskapi.core.worker import celery
import celery.states as states

from flask import Blueprint
route_blueprint = Blueprint('route_blueprint', __name__)


# Create a URL route in our current_application for "/home"
@route_blueprint.route('/main')
def main():
    """
    This function just responds to the browser ULR
    localhost:5000/home

    :return:        the rendered template 'home.html'
    """
    return render_template('home.html')


@route_blueprint.route('/log_test')
def log_test():
    current_app.logger.debug('this is a DEBUG message')
    current_app.logger.info('this is an INFO message')
    current_app.logger.warning('this is a WARNING message')
    current_app.logger.error('this is an ERROR message')
    current_app.logger.critical('this is a CRITICAL message')
    index_path = os.path.join(current_app.static_folder, 'index.html')
    return send_file(index_path)


@route_blueprint.route('/add/<int:param1>/<int:param2>')
def add(param1: int, param2: int) -> str:
    task = celery.send_task('tasks.add', args=[param1, param2], kwargs={})
    response = make_response(render_template('task.html', task_id=task))
    response.headers.set('Content-Security-Policy', "default-src 'self'")
    return response


@route_blueprint.route('/check/<string:task_id>')
def check_task(task_id: str) -> str:
    res = celery.AsyncResult(task_id)
    if res.state == states.PENDING:
        return res.state
    else:
        return str(res.result)


# Everything not declared before (not a Flask route / API endpoint)...
@route_blueprint.route('/<path:path>')
def route_frontend(path):
    # ...could be a static file needed by the front end that
    # doesn't use the `static` path (like in `<script src="bundle.js">`)
    file_path = os.path.join(current_app.template_folder, path)
    if os.path.isfile(file_path):
        return send_file(file_path)
    # ...or should be handled by the SPA's "router" in front end
    else:
        index_path = os.path.join(current_app.static_folder, 'index.html')
        return send_file(index_path)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: route_frontend
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import yaml, os, sys, logging
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
from juliet import paths, defaults

def configure_jinja(theme, src):
    """ Configure and return Jinja2 Environment. """

    # Do not enable autoescape since we actually *do not* want it. Otherwise, we
    # wouldn't be able to integrate html content in the templates properly.

    theme_path = os.path.join(src, paths.THEMES_PATH, theme)
    logging.debug("Setting up environment at " + theme_path)

    return Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader(theme_path), autoescape=False)

def get_yaml(config_file):
    """ Parse and return passed configuration file. """

    # Read config from file
    if(not os.path.isfile(config_file)):
        raise FileNotFoundError("could not find config file: " + config_file)

    config = {}

    with open(config_file, 'r') as stream:
        config = yaml.safe_load(stream)

    return config

def get_config(config_file):
    """ Parse and return passed configuration file, with checks for sitewide
        config files. """

    def __check_config(config):
        """ Raise exception if passed configuration is invalid. """

        for key, value in defaults.CONFIG_REQUIRED_ENTRIES.items():
            if (key not in config.keys()) or (config[key] == "" and not value):
                raise ValueError("configuration file is missing required key " + key +
                                 " or invalid value was provided")

    config = get_yaml(config_file)

    __check_config(config)

    return config

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) __check_config
  B) configure_jinja
  C) get_config
  D) get_yaml
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import yaml, os, sys, logging
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
from juliet import paths, defaults

def configure_jinja(theme, src):
    """ Configure and return Jinja2 Environment. """

    # Do not enable autoescape since we actually *do not* want it. Otherwise, we
    # wouldn't be able to integrate html content in the templates properly.

    theme_path = os.path.join(src, paths.THEMES_PATH, theme)
    logging.debug("Setting up environment at " + theme_path)

    return Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader(theme_path), autoescape=False)

def get_yaml(config_file):
    """ Parse and return passed configuration file. """

    # Read config from file
    if(not os.path.isfile(config_file)):
        raise FileNotFoundError("could not find config file: " + config_file)

    config = {}

    with open(config_file, 'r') as stream:
        config = yaml.safe_load(stream)

    return config

def get_config(config_file):
    """ Parse and return passed configuration file, with checks for sitewide
        config files. """

    def __check_config(config):
        """ Raise exception if passed configuration is invalid. """

        for key, value in defaults.CONFIG_REQUIRED_ENTRIES.items():
            if (key not in config.keys()) or (config[key] == "" and not value):
                raise ValueError("configuration file is missing required key " + key +
                                 " or invalid value was provided")

    config = get_yaml(config_file)

    __check_config(config)

    return config

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: configure_jinja
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
from firestore import *
from pyotp import TOTP
import requests
import json
import re
import os
import logging

SLACK_TOKEN = os.environ['SLACK_TOKEN']
SLACK_WEBHOOK = os.environ['SLACK_WEBHOOK']

app = Flask(__name__)

app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)


@app.route('/slash', methods=['POST'])
def slash():
    payload = {
        'text': ''
    }

    if request.form['token'] != SLACK_TOKEN:
        payload['text'] = 'Sorry, I did not understand your command.'
        return jsonify(payload)

    command = request.form['text'].split(' ')
    command_type = command[0]

    if command_type == 'add':
        name = command[1]
        token = command[2]

        name_normal = re.sub("[^A-Za-z0-9-]+", "", name)
        add_new_token(token, name_normal)

        payload['text'] = f'Successfully set up token for {name_normal}'

        return jsonify(payload)

    if command_type == 'get':
        name = command[1]
        try:
            token = get_token(name)
            totp = TOTP(token)
            passcode = totp.now()

            payload['text'] = f'One time password for {name} is {passcode}'
        except:
            payload['text'] = "Error: Token doesn't exist."
        finally:
            return jsonify(payload)

    payload['text'] = 'Sorry, I did not understand your command'
    return jsonify(payload)

@app.route('/sms', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def receive():
    sms_body = request.values.get('Body', None)

    message = {
        'text': sms_body
    }

    response = requests.post(
        SLACK_WEBHOOK,
        data = json.dumps(message),
        headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    )

    if response.status_code != 200:
        raise ValueError(f'Request to Slack returned an error {response.status_code}, error response: {response.text}')

    return sms_body

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8080, debug=True)
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  B) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  C) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  D) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Answer: B,E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
from firestore import *
from pyotp import TOTP
import requests
import json
import re
import os
import logging

SLACK_TOKEN = os.environ['SLACK_TOKEN']
SLACK_WEBHOOK = os.environ['SLACK_WEBHOOK']

app = Flask(__name__)

app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)


@app.route('/slash', methods=['POST'])
def slash():
    payload = {
        'text': ''
    }

    if request.form['token'] != SLACK_TOKEN:
        payload['text'] = 'Sorry, I did not understand your command.'
        return jsonify(payload)

    command = request.form['text'].split(' ')
    command_type = command[0]

    if command_type == 'add':
        name = command[1]
        token = command[2]

        name_normal = re.sub("[^A-Za-z0-9-]+", "", name)
        add_new_token(token, name_normal)

        payload['text'] = f'Successfully set up token for {name_normal}'

        return jsonify(payload)

    if command_type == 'get':
        name = command[1]
        try:
            token = get_token(name)
            totp = TOTP(token)
            passcode = totp.now()

            payload['text'] = f'One time password for {name} is {passcode}'
        except:
            payload['text'] = "Error: Token doesn't exist."
        finally:
            return jsonify(payload)

    payload['text'] = 'Sorry, I did not understand your command'
    return jsonify(payload)

@app.route('/sms', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def receive():
    sms_body = request.values.get('Body', None)

    message = {
        'text': sms_body
    }

    response = requests.post(
        SLACK_WEBHOOK,
        data = json.dumps(message),
        headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    )

    if response.status_code != 200:
        raise ValueError(f'Request to Slack returned an error {response.status_code}, error response: {response.text}')

    return sms_body

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8080, debug=True)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) slash
  B) receive
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import request, render_template
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from app import app

def getSiteTitle(site):
	header = requests.utils.default_headers()
	req = requests.get(site, header)
	soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, 'html.parser')

	soup.prettify()

	siteTitle = ''

	if site.find("title") is not None:
		siteTitle = soup.title.string
	elif site.find("h1") is not None:
		siteTitle = soup.h1.string

	return siteTitle

#def getPrediction(title):
#	model = load_model('predictor.h5')
    #To predict 
#	tokenizer = Tokenizer(num_words=500)
#	tokenizer.fit_on_texts(title)
#	input = tokenizer.texts_to_sequences(title)
#	intput = pad_sequences(input, padding='post', maxlen=50)
#	model.predict(input)

@app.route('/')
def my_form():
    return render_template('input.html', clickbait="Enter article link:")

@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def my_form_post():
	clickbait = "Enter a article!"
	text = request.form['text']
	clickbait = getSiteTitle(text)
	return render_template('input.html', clickbait=clickbait)
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  B) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  C) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  D) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  E) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  F) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import request, render_template
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from app import app

def getSiteTitle(site):
	header = requests.utils.default_headers()
	req = requests.get(site, header)
	soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, 'html.parser')

	soup.prettify()

	siteTitle = ''

	if site.find("title") is not None:
		siteTitle = soup.title.string
	elif site.find("h1") is not None:
		siteTitle = soup.h1.string

	return siteTitle

#def getPrediction(title):
#	model = load_model('predictor.h5')
    #To predict 
#	tokenizer = Tokenizer(num_words=500)
#	tokenizer.fit_on_texts(title)
#	input = tokenizer.texts_to_sequences(title)
#	intput = pad_sequences(input, padding='post', maxlen=50)
#	model.predict(input)

@app.route('/')
def my_form():
    return render_template('input.html', clickbait="Enter article link:")

@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def my_form_post():
	clickbait = "Enter a article!"
	text = request.form['text']
	clickbait = getSiteTitle(text)
	return render_template('input.html', clickbait=clickbait)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability?

  A) getSiteTitle
  B) my_form
  C) my_form_post
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, redirect, url_for, request, render_template
from werkzeug import secure_filename
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
import csv
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/successArgument/<name>')
def success(name):
   return 'welcome %s' % name



@app.route("/renderTemplate/")
def index():
   return render_template("index.html")



@app.route('/fillStudent/')
def student():
   return render_template('student.html')


@app.route('/result',methods = ['POST', 'GET'])
def result():
   if request.method == 'POST':
      result = request.form
      return render_template("result.html",result = result)



@app.route('/login',methods = ['POST', 'GET'])
def login():
   if request.method == 'POST':
      user = request.form['nm']
      return redirect(url_for('success',name = user))
   else:
      user = request.args.get('nm')
      return redirect(url_for('success',name = user))


@app.route('/upload')
def upload_file():
   return render_template('upload.html')
   
@app.route('/uploader', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
def upload_files():
   if request.method == 'POST':
      f = request.files['file']
      myFileName = secure_filename(f.filename)
      f.save(myFileName)
      print(myFileName)
      with open(myFileName, 'rb') as myfile:
         myreader = csv.reader(myfile)
         for row in myreader:
            print(row)
      return 'file uploaded successfully'
      
mail=Mail(app)

app.config['MAIL_SERVER']='smtp.gmail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 465
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = 'him.mangla@gmail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = '**'
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = False
app.config['MAIL_USE_SSL'] = True
mail = Mail(app)

@app.route("/sendMail")
def sendEmail():
   print("hi")
   msg = Message('Hello', sender = 'him.mangla@gmail.com', recipients = ['himanshu.mangla@mykaarma.com'])
   msg.body = "Hello Flask message sent from Flask-Mail"
   mail.send(msg)
   return "Sent"
if __name__ == '__main__':
   app.run(debug = True)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) upload_file
  B) student
  C) success
  D) result
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, redirect, url_for, request, render_template
from werkzeug import secure_filename
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
import csv
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/successArgument/<name>')
def success(name):
   return 'welcome %s' % name



@app.route("/renderTemplate/")
def index():
   return render_template("index.html")



@app.route('/fillStudent/')
def student():
   return render_template('student.html')


@app.route('/result',methods = ['POST', 'GET'])
def result():
   if request.method == 'POST':
      result = request.form
      return render_template("result.html",result = result)



@app.route('/login',methods = ['POST', 'GET'])
def login():
   if request.method == 'POST':
      user = request.form['nm']
      return redirect(url_for('success',name = user))
   else:
      user = request.args.get('nm')
      return redirect(url_for('success',name = user))


@app.route('/upload')
def upload_file():
   return render_template('upload.html')
   
@app.route('/uploader', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
def upload_files():
   if request.method == 'POST':
      f = request.files['file']
      myFileName = secure_filename(f.filename)
      f.save(myFileName)
      print(myFileName)
      with open(myFileName, 'rb') as myfile:
         myreader = csv.reader(myfile)
         for row in myreader:
            print(row)
      return 'file uploaded successfully'
      
mail=Mail(app)

app.config['MAIL_SERVER']='smtp.gmail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = 465
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = 'him.mangla@gmail.com'
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = '**'
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = False
app.config['MAIL_USE_SSL'] = True
mail = Mail(app)

@app.route("/sendMail")
def sendEmail():
   print("hi")
   msg = Message('Hello', sender = 'him.mangla@gmail.com', recipients = ['himanshu.mangla@mykaarma.com'])
   msg.body = "Hello Flask message sent from Flask-Mail"
   mail.send(msg)
   return "Sent"
if __name__ == '__main__':
   app.run(debug = True)
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: success
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
def generate(self, bits, randfunc=None, progress_func=None,**kwargs):
    for i in (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8):
        if bits == 512 + 64*i:
            return self._generate(bits, randfunc, progress_func, **kwargs)
    raise ValueError("Number of bits in p must be a multiple of 64 between 512 and 1024, not %d bits" % (bits,))


def _generate(self, bits, randfunc=None, progress_func=None, **kwargs):
    rf = self._get_randfunc(randfunc)
    obj = Crypto.PublicKey._DSA.generate_py(bits, rf, progress_func)    # TODO: Don't use legacy _DSA module
    if kwargs:
        obj.y = kwargs.get('y')
        obj.g = kwargs.get('g')
        obj.p = kwargs.get('p')
        obj.q = kwargs.get('q')
    key = self._math.dsa_construct(obj.y, obj.g, obj.p, obj.q, obj.x)
    return Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._DSAobj(self, key)


import Crypto.PublicKey.DSA
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.DSAImplementation._generate = _generate
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.DSAImplementation.generate = generate
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.DSAImplementation()
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.generate = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl.generate
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.construct = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl.construct
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.error = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl.error


from Crypto.Hash import SHA
from Crypto.PublicKey import DSA
from Crypto.Random import random
import pickle


def encrypt(text, number=1024):
    key = DSA.generate(number)
    h = SHA.new(text).digest()
    k = random.StrongRandom().randint(1, key.q-1)
    r, s = key.sign(h, k)
    publickey = pickle.dumps(
        {"p": key.p, "q": key.q, "g": key.g, "y": key.y, "number": number}
    )
    privatekey = pickle.dumps({"x": key.x})
    signkey = pickle.dumps({"r": r, "s": s})
    return publickey, privatekey, signkey


def decode(text, signkey, publickey):
    try:
        publickey = pickle.loads(publickey)
        signkey = pickle.loads(signkey)
        h = SHA.new(text).digest()
        key = DSA.generate(
            publickey.get('number'),
            y=publickey.get('y'),
            g=publickey.get('g'),
            q=publickey.get('q'),
            p=publickey.get('p')
        )
        sig = (signkey.get('r'), signkey.get('s'))
        return key.verify(h, sig)
    except:
        return False

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability?

  A) _generate
  B) encrypt
  C) decode
  D) generate
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
def generate(self, bits, randfunc=None, progress_func=None,**kwargs):
    for i in (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8):
        if bits == 512 + 64*i:
            return self._generate(bits, randfunc, progress_func, **kwargs)
    raise ValueError("Number of bits in p must be a multiple of 64 between 512 and 1024, not %d bits" % (bits,))


def _generate(self, bits, randfunc=None, progress_func=None, **kwargs):
    rf = self._get_randfunc(randfunc)
    obj = Crypto.PublicKey._DSA.generate_py(bits, rf, progress_func)    # TODO: Don't use legacy _DSA module
    if kwargs:
        obj.y = kwargs.get('y')
        obj.g = kwargs.get('g')
        obj.p = kwargs.get('p')
        obj.q = kwargs.get('q')
    key = self._math.dsa_construct(obj.y, obj.g, obj.p, obj.q, obj.x)
    return Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._DSAobj(self, key)


import Crypto.PublicKey.DSA
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.DSAImplementation._generate = _generate
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.DSAImplementation.generate = generate
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.DSAImplementation()
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.generate = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl.generate
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.construct = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl.construct
Crypto.PublicKey.DSA.error = Crypto.PublicKey.DSA._impl.error


from Crypto.Hash import SHA
from Crypto.PublicKey import DSA
from Crypto.Random import random
import pickle


def encrypt(text, number=1024):
    key = DSA.generate(number)
    h = SHA.new(text).digest()
    k = random.StrongRandom().randint(1, key.q-1)
    r, s = key.sign(h, k)
    publickey = pickle.dumps(
        {"p": key.p, "q": key.q, "g": key.g, "y": key.y, "number": number}
    )
    privatekey = pickle.dumps({"x": key.x})
    signkey = pickle.dumps({"r": r, "s": s})
    return publickey, privatekey, signkey


def decode(text, signkey, publickey):
    try:
        publickey = pickle.loads(publickey)
        signkey = pickle.loads(signkey)
        h = SHA.new(text).digest()
        key = DSA.generate(
            publickey.get('number'),
            y=publickey.get('y'),
            g=publickey.get('g'),
            q=publickey.get('q'),
            p=publickey.get('p')
        )
        sig = (signkey.get('r'), signkey.get('s'))
        return key.verify(h, sig)
    except:
        return False

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength` vulnerability.
Answer: encrypt
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
import rospy
import rospkg
import time
import sys
from sensor_msgs.msg import NavSatFix
from datetime import datetime

def status_to_string(status):
    if status == -1:
        return "STATUS_NO_FIX"
    elif status == 0:
        return "STATUS_FIX"
    elif status == 1:
        return "STATUS_SBAS_FIX"
    elif status == 2:
        return "STATUS_GBAS_FIX"
    return ""

def gps_callback(gps_data, params):
    data_str = str(datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) + ","
    data_str += str(status_to_string(gps_data.status.status)) + "," 
    data_str += str(gps_data.latitude) + "," 
    data_str += str(gps_data.longitude) + "," 
    data_str += str(gps_data.altitude) + "\n"

    with open(params["file_path"], "a") as f:
        f.write(data_str)

rospy.init_node("gps_data_collector_node", anonymous=True)

statek_name = rospy.get_param("~statek_name", "statek")
file_name = rospy.get_param("~file_name", "gps_data")
work_time_seconds = rospy.get_param("~work_time_seconds", 600)
append_header = rospy.get_param("~append_header", True)
gps_topic = rospy.get_param("~gps_topic", "/" + statek_name + "/gps/fix")

r = rospkg.RosPack()
path = r.get_path("statek_calibrate")
conf_name = file_name + ".csv"
full_path = path + "/data/" + conf_name

params = {
    "file_path": full_path
}

if append_header:
    data_str = "timestapm,status,latitute,longitude,altitude\n"
    open(params["file_path"], "w").close() # Clear contents of the file.
    with open(params["file_path"], "a") as f:
        f.write(data_str)

rospy.Subscriber(gps_topic, NavSatFix, gps_callback, params, queue_size=1)

start_stamp = time.time()

while not rospy.is_shutdown():
    rospy.sleep(0.5)
    current_stamp = time.time()
    if current_stamp - start_stamp >= work_time_seconds:
        sys.exit(0)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) status_to_string
  B) gps_callback
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
import rospy
import rospkg
import time
import sys
from sensor_msgs.msg import NavSatFix
from datetime import datetime

def status_to_string(status):
    if status == -1:
        return "STATUS_NO_FIX"
    elif status == 0:
        return "STATUS_FIX"
    elif status == 1:
        return "STATUS_SBAS_FIX"
    elif status == 2:
        return "STATUS_GBAS_FIX"
    return ""

def gps_callback(gps_data, params):
    data_str = str(datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) + ","
    data_str += str(status_to_string(gps_data.status.status)) + "," 
    data_str += str(gps_data.latitude) + "," 
    data_str += str(gps_data.longitude) + "," 
    data_str += str(gps_data.altitude) + "\n"

    with open(params["file_path"], "a") as f:
        f.write(data_str)

rospy.init_node("gps_data_collector_node", anonymous=True)

statek_name = rospy.get_param("~statek_name", "statek")
file_name = rospy.get_param("~file_name", "gps_data")
work_time_seconds = rospy.get_param("~work_time_seconds", 600)
append_header = rospy.get_param("~append_header", True)
gps_topic = rospy.get_param("~gps_topic", "/" + statek_name + "/gps/fix")

r = rospkg.RosPack()
path = r.get_path("statek_calibrate")
conf_name = file_name + ".csv"
full_path = path + "/data/" + conf_name

params = {
    "file_path": full_path
}

if append_header:
    data_str = "timestapm,status,latitute,longitude,altitude\n"
    open(params["file_path"], "w").close() # Clear contents of the file.
    with open(params["file_path"], "a") as f:
        f.write(data_str)

rospy.Subscriber(gps_topic, NavSatFix, gps_callback, params, queue_size=1)

start_stamp = time.time()

while not rospy.is_shutdown():
    rospy.sleep(0.5)
    current_stamp = time.time()
    if current_stamp - start_stamp >= work_time_seconds:
        sys.exit(0)
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: gps_callback
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from io import BytesIO

import redis
import requests
from flask import send_file, Flask


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    redis_server = redis.StrictRedis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=2)

    @app.route('/img/<path:image_url>')
    def image(image_url):
        cached = redis_server.get(image_url)
        if cached:
            buffer_image = BytesIO(cached)
            buffer_image.seek(0)
        else:
            r = requests.get(image_url, headers={})
            buffer_image = BytesIO(r.content)
            buffer_image.seek(0)
            redis_server.setex(image_url, (60 * 60 * 24 * 7), buffer_image.getvalue())

        return send_file(buffer_image, mimetype='image/jpeg')

    return app

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  D) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  F) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Answer: E,F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from io import BytesIO

import redis
import requests
from flask import send_file, Flask


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    redis_server = redis.StrictRedis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=2)

    @app.route('/img/<path:image_url>')
    def image(image_url):
        cached = redis_server.get(image_url)
        if cached:
            buffer_image = BytesIO(cached)
            buffer_image.seek(0)
        else:
            r = requests.get(image_url, headers={})
            buffer_image = BytesIO(r.content)
            buffer_image.seek(0)
            redis_server.setex(image_url, (60 * 60 * 24 * 7), buffer_image.getvalue())

        return send_file(buffer_image, mimetype='image/jpeg')

    return app

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: image
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from io import BytesIO

import redis
import requests
from flask import send_file, Flask


def create_app():
    app = Flask(__name__)
    redis_server = redis.StrictRedis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=2)

    @app.route('/img/<path:image_url>')
    def image(image_url):
        cached = redis_server.get(image_url)
        if cached:
            buffer_image = BytesIO(cached)
            buffer_image.seek(0)
        else:
            r = requests.get(image_url, headers={})
            buffer_image = BytesIO(r.content)
            buffer_image.seek(0)
            redis_server.setex(image_url, (60 * 60 * 24 * 7), buffer_image.getvalue())

        return send_file(buffer_image, mimetype='image/jpeg')

    return app

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability.
Answer: image
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from SailboatAI.model import Boat, Environment
import math
from twisted.internet import task


class SailboatAIController(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.boat = Boat()
        self.delta_time = 0
        self.environment = Environment()
        self.is_simulation = False
        self.current_waypoint_idx = 0
        self.rudder_angle = 0.0
        self.heading = 0.0
        self.waypoint = None
        self.looping_task = task.LoopingCall(self.update_rudder)
        self.looping_task.start(1, now=True)

    def update(self, status_data_json):
        boat_json = status_data_json['boat']
        self.boat.load(boat_json)
        self.delta_time = status_data_json['dt']
        self.environment.load(status_data_json['environment'])
        self.is_simulation = status_data_json['isSimulation']

    def update_rudder(self):
        if self.waypoint is not None:
            distance, azimuth = self.boat.gps.point.distance_to(self.waypoint)
            beta = math.radians(azimuth)
            y = math.pi / 4
            desired_heading = beta - 2 * (y / math.pi) * math.atan(distance / self.waypoint.radius)
            heading = math.radians(self.boat.attitude.heading)

            heading = math.radians(self.boat.attitude.heading)

            print("heading: %s" % str(heading))
            print("desired heading: %s" % str(desired_heading))

            error = desired_heading - heading
            self.rudder_angle = math.sin(error)

    def determine_control_output(self, contest):
        sail_angle = 0

        self.waypoint = contest.waypoints[self.current_waypoint_idx]

        print("The current waypoint idx is: %s" % str(self.current_waypoint_idx))
        print("My current target is: %s, %s" % (self.waypoint.latitude, self.waypoint.longtitude))

        distance, azimuth = self.boat.gps.point.distance_to(self.waypoint)
        print("I am %s away from the waypoint and the waypoint radius is %s" % (distance, self.waypoint.radius))
        if distance < self.waypoint.radius:
            print('Reached the waypoint!')
            self.waypoint.achieved = True
            self.current_waypoint_idx += 1
            self.waypoint = contest.waypoints[self.current_waypoint_idx]
            distance, azimuth = self.boat.gps.point.distance_to(self.waypoint)

        print("rudder angle: %s" % str(self.rudder_angle))
        return self.rudder_angle, sail_angle
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: determine_control_output