OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json

import boto3

from util import validate_config_input, validate_unique_cluster_name
import storage

SECRETS_CLIENT = boto3.client('secretsmanager')


def remove_cluster(event, context):
    """Remove cluster and all associated credentials"""
    """{ "cluster_name": "foo-prod-cluster.com" }"""

    CLUSTER_TABLE = storage.get_cluster_table()
    validate_config_input(event['body'])
    post_body = json.loads(event['body'])
    cluster_name = post_body['cluster_name']

    if validate_unique_cluster_name(cluster_name, CLUSTER_TABLE) is not None:

        # Remove associated user secrets
        delete_secrets(cluster_name)

        # Remove cluster
        CLUSTER_TABLE.delete_item(
            Key={
                'id': cluster_name
            }
        )

        return {
            "statusCode": 200,
            "body": json.dumps(
                {"message": (f'Cluster and associated secrets '
                             f'removed for: {cluster_name}')}
            ),
        }
    return {
        "statusCode": 404,
        "body": json.dumps(
            {"message": f'Cluster {cluster_name} does not exist'}
        )
    }


def delete_secrets(cluster_name):
    """Delete AWS Secrets Manager secrets"""

    resp = SECRETS_CLIENT.list_secrets()
    secrets = []
    while resp:
        secrets += resp['SecretList']
        nextToken = resp.get('NextToken')
        if nextToken is not None:
            resp = SECRETS_CLIENT.list_secrets(NextToken=nextToken)
        else:
            resp = None

    for secret in secrets:
        if 'Tags' in secret:
            for tag in secret['Tags']:
                if (tag['Key'] == 'cluster_name'
                   and tag['Value'] == cluster_name):
                    try:
                        print(f"Deleting secret: {secret['Name']}")
                        SECRETS_CLIENT.delete_secret(
                            SecretId=f"{secret['Name']}",
                            ForceDeleteWithoutRecovery=True
                        )
                    except Exception as err:
                        # XXX - handle correct exceptions here!
                        print((f"Secret {secret} not found, "
                               f"nothing to delete: {err}"))

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: delete_secrets
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
Import BookCrossing ratings, with data cleaning for invalid characters.

Usage:
    bx-import.py [-T <file>] <file>

Options:
    -T FILE
        Write transcript to FILE [default: bx-import.transcript]
"""

import hashlib
from bookdata import script_log, db, tracking
from docopt import docopt

import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
from io import StringIO
import csv

_log = script_log(__name__)
opts = docopt(__doc__)
src_file = opts.get('<file>')
tx_file = open(opts.get('-T'), 'w')

_log.info("cleaning BX rating data")
with open(src_file, 'rb') as bf:
    data = bf.read()
in_chk = hashlib.sha1(data).hexdigest()

barr = np.frombuffer(data, dtype='u1')
# delete bytes that are too big
barr = barr[barr < 128]
# convert to LF
barr = barr[barr != ord('\r')]
# change delimiter to comma
barr[barr == ord(';')] = ord(',')

# write
_log.info('importing BX to database')
data = bytes(barr)
rd = StringIO(data.decode('utf8'))

with db.connect() as dbc:
    print('IMPORT TO bx.raw_ratings', file=tx_file)
    print('READ', src_file, in_chk, file=tx_file)
    # we're going to hash the data we insert
    dh = hashlib.md5()
    # with dbc encapsulates a transaction
    with dbc, dbc.cursor() as cur:
        tracking.begin_stage(cur, 'bx-ratings')
        tracking.record_file(cur, src_file, in_chk, 'bx-ratings')
        tracking.record_dep(cur, 'bx-ratings', 'bx-schema')
        n = 0
        for row in tqdm(csv.DictReader(rd)):
            uid = row['User-ID']
            isbn = row['ISBN']
            rating = row['Book-Rating']
            cur.execute('INSERT INTO bx.raw_ratings (user_id, isbn, rating) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)',
                        (uid, isbn, rating))
            dh.update(f'{uid}\t{isbn}\t{rating}\n'.encode('utf8'))
            n += 1
        tracking.end_stage(cur, 'bx-ratings', key=dh.hexdigest())
        print('INSERTED', n, dh.hexdigest(), file=tx_file)

tx_file.close()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  C) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  D) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  E) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  F) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import logging
import os
import threading
from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
import urllib

HTML_ROOT = os.getenv("webdriver_test_htmlroot")
PORT = 8000
logger = logging.getLogger("webdriver.SimpleWebServer")

class MyHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        try:
            self.path = self.path[1:].split('?')[0]
            f = open(os.path.join(HTML_ROOT, self.path))
            self.send_response(200)
            self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
            self.end_headers()
            self.wfile.write(f.read())
            f.close()
            return
        except IOError:
            self.send_response(404,'File Not Found: %s' % self.path)

class SimpleWebServer(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.stop_serving = False

    def _runWebServer(self):
        self.server = HTTPServer(('', PORT), MyHandler)
        logger.info("web server started")

        while not self.stop_serving:
            self.server.handle_request()
        self.server.server_close()
        logger.info("web server stopped")

    def start(self):
        self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self._runWebServer)
        self.thread.start()

    def stop(self):
        self.stop_serving = True
        try:
            urllib.URLopener().open("http://localhost:8000")
        except:
            pass  #the server has shutdown
        self.thread.join()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    server = SimpleWebServer()
    t = server.runWebServerInThread()
    t.join()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  B) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  C) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  D) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  E) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  F) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import subprocess
import sys
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# print(subprocess.run(['pylint', 'api.py'], text=True).stdout)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('home.html')

app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER']	= '/rules'
@app.route('/save', methods=["POST"])
def save():
    userCode = request.get_json()['text'] #take text from request for code

    filename = request.query_string.decode().split('=')[1] #parse
    #create new file
    file = open(filename, "w")
    file.write(userCode)
    file.close()
    return jsonify(success=True), 200

@app.route('/test', methods=["POST"])
def test():
    try:
        userCode = request.get_json()['code']
        print(userCode)
        file = open('tmp.py', 'w')
        print("1")
        file.write(userCode)
        file.close()

        output = subprocess.run(['pylint', '/home/podo/albert/humanloop/tmp.py'], text=True, capture_output=True)
        print(output)
        return "OK"
    except Exception as ex:
        print(2)
        print(ex)
        return 'NOT GOOD'

    # with Popen(['pylint', ' api.py'], stdout=PIPE, universal_newlines=True, shell=True) as output:
    #     print("inside")
    #     print(output.stdout.read())

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) test
  B) save
  C) index
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import subprocess
import sys
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# print(subprocess.run(['pylint', 'api.py'], text=True).stdout)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('home.html')

app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER']	= '/rules'
@app.route('/save', methods=["POST"])
def save():
    userCode = request.get_json()['text'] #take text from request for code

    filename = request.query_string.decode().split('=')[1] #parse
    #create new file
    file = open(filename, "w")
    file.write(userCode)
    file.close()
    return jsonify(success=True), 200

@app.route('/test', methods=["POST"])
def test():
    try:
        userCode = request.get_json()['code']
        print(userCode)
        file = open('tmp.py', 'w')
        print("1")
        file.write(userCode)
        file.close()

        output = subprocess.run(['pylint', '/home/podo/albert/humanloop/tmp.py'], text=True, capture_output=True)
        print(output)
        return "OK"
    except Exception as ex:
        print(2)
        print(ex)
        return 'NOT GOOD'

    # with Popen(['pylint', ' api.py'], stdout=PIPE, universal_newlines=True, shell=True) as output:
    #     print("inside")
    #     print(output.stdout.read())

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: save
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import time
import datetime
import logging
import flask
import werkzeug
import optparse
import tornado.wsgi
import tornado.httpserver
import urllib

parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option(
    '-p', '--port',
    help="which port to serve content on",
    type='int', default=5555)

parser.add_option(
    '-t',
    '--template_file',
    help="the path of template file",
    type='str',
    default=
    '/raid/data/nice/metric_data/checked_logs/0004/info/index.html'
)
parser.add_option(
    '-o',
    '--output_anno_dir',
    help="the path of template file",
    type='str',
    default=
    '/raid/data/nice/metric_data/checked_logs/0005/anno'
)
    
opts, args = parser.parse_args()

template_folder, template_file_name = os.path.split(opts.template_file) 
# Obtain the flask app object
app = flask.Flask(__name__, template_folder=template_folder)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return flask.render_template(template_file_name, has_result=False)

@app.route('/checked_names', methods=['POST'])
def checked_names():
    names = flask.request.form['names'].split(',')
    print names
    if len(names) > 1:    
        with open(os.path.join(opts.output_anno_dir, names[0].encode('utf-8')), 'w') as fw:
            fw.writelines([name.encode('utf-8')+'\n' for name in names[1:]])
    return flask.render_template(template_file_name, has_result=False)
    

def start_tornado(app, port=5555):
    http_server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(
        tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(app))
    http_server.listen(port)
    print("Tornado server starting on port {}".format(port))
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()


def start_from_terminal(app):
    """
    Parse command line options and start the server.
    """
    start_tornado(app, opts.port)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.INFO)
    if not os.path.exists(opts.output_anno_dir):
        os.makedirs(opts.output_anno_dir)
    start_from_terminal(app)
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  B) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  C) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  F) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import time
import datetime
import logging
import flask
import werkzeug
import optparse
import tornado.wsgi
import tornado.httpserver
import urllib

parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option(
    '-p', '--port',
    help="which port to serve content on",
    type='int', default=5555)

parser.add_option(
    '-t',
    '--template_file',
    help="the path of template file",
    type='str',
    default=
    '/raid/data/nice/metric_data/checked_logs/0004/info/index.html'
)
parser.add_option(
    '-o',
    '--output_anno_dir',
    help="the path of template file",
    type='str',
    default=
    '/raid/data/nice/metric_data/checked_logs/0005/anno'
)
    
opts, args = parser.parse_args()

template_folder, template_file_name = os.path.split(opts.template_file) 
# Obtain the flask app object
app = flask.Flask(__name__, template_folder=template_folder)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return flask.render_template(template_file_name, has_result=False)

@app.route('/checked_names', methods=['POST'])
def checked_names():
    names = flask.request.form['names'].split(',')
    print names
    if len(names) > 1:    
        with open(os.path.join(opts.output_anno_dir, names[0].encode('utf-8')), 'w') as fw:
            fw.writelines([name.encode('utf-8')+'\n' for name in names[1:]])
    return flask.render_template(template_file_name, has_result=False)
    

def start_tornado(app, port=5555):
    http_server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(
        tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(app))
    http_server.listen(port)
    print("Tornado server starting on port {}".format(port))
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()


def start_from_terminal(app):
    """
    Parse command line options and start the server.
    """
    start_tornado(app, opts.port)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.INFO)
    if not os.path.exists(opts.output_anno_dir):
        os.makedirs(opts.output_anno_dir)
    start_from_terminal(app)
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: checked_names
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
# We'll render HTML templates and access data sent by POST
# using the request object from flask. Redirect and url_for
# will be used to redirect the user once the upload is done
# and send_from_directory will help us to send/show on the
# browser the file that the user just uploaded
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, flash, redirect, url_for, send_from_directory
from app import app
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename

# For a given file, return whether it's an allowed type or not
def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1] in app.config['ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS']


@app.route('/', methods=['GET','POST'])
@app.route('/index', methods=['GET','POST'])
def index():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # check if the post request has the file part
        filename = []
        for upfile in ['filewohr','filewhr']:
            if upfile not in request.files:
                flash('No file part')
                return redirect(request.url)
            # Get the name of the uploaded file
            file = request.files[upfile]
            # if user does not select file, browser also
            # submits a empty part without filename
            if file.filename == '':
                flash('No selected file')
                return redirect(request.url)
            # Check if the file is one of the allowed types/extensions
            if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
                # Make the filename safe, remove unsupported chars
                filename.append(secure_filename(file.filename))
                # Move the file form the temporary folder to the upload folder
                file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename[-1]))
            else:
                flash('Not allowed file')
                return redirect(request.url)
        # Render the file template
        return render_template('file.html',
            folder = app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'],
            filenamewohr = filename[0],
            filenamewhr = filename[1],
            scroll = 'results')
    return render_template('index.html')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: index
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability?

  A) list_bestseller
  B) config
  C) nytimes_wrapper
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: nytimes_wrapper
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) nytimes_wrapper
  B) list_bestseller
  C) config
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: nytimes_wrapper
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) list_bestseller
  B) config
  C) nytimes_wrapper
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: nytimes_wrapper
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability?

  A) list_bestseller
  B) nytimes_wrapper
  C) config
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request
import os
import requests
import logging

app = Flask(__name__)

def config(key):
    '''
    Stores the configuration variables in one hashmap
    '''
    config_store = {
        'nytimes_api_key': os.environ['NYTIMES_API_KEY'],
        'nytimes_base_url': 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/books/v3',
        'proxies': {
            'http': 'http://localhost:8081',
            'https': 'http://localhost:8081',
        }
    }
    return config_store[key]

@app.route('/nytimes/books/bestsellers.json')
def list_bestseller():
    '''
    Retuns json containing nytimes bestsellers books
    '''    
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    url = "{}/lists/names.json".format(config('nytimes_base_url'))
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

@app.route('/nytimes/books/<path:path>', methods=['GET'])
def nytimes_wrapper(path):
    '''
    Wrapper on top of nytimes APIs.
    Most of API can be hit listed on https://developer.nytimes.com/docs/books-product/1/overview
    example: 
    `/nytimes/books/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` will call `/lists/current/hardcover-fiction.json` of nytimes API
    '''
    payload = {
        'api-key': config('nytimes_api_key')
        }
    payload.update(request.args.to_dict())
    url = "{}/{}".format(config('nytimes_base_url'), path)
    # Prints api_key also, security vulnerability (Can be easily fixed by replacing payload with args)
    app.logger.info("calling API '%s' with arguements: '%s'", url, payload)
    return requests.get(url=url, params=payload, proxies=config('proxies')).json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    app.run()
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability.
Answer: nytimes_wrapper
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python

"""
This script generatess various OAuth parameters for Twitter login. 
Please run the following command to generate a valid 'config.py':
  >>> python config_generate.py --consumer_key=$CONSUMER_KEY --consumer_secret=$CONSUMER_SECRET
  ...                           --callback_url=$CALLBACK_URL
where $CONSUMER_KEY and $CONSUMER_SECRET can be found from Keys and Access Tokens section of your own 
twitter application management page. Once login is successufl, users will be redirected to the $CALLBACK_URL
as specified in the command above. 
"""

import sys

argdict = {}
iterargv = iter(sys.argv)
next(iterargv)
for arg in iterargv:
  pair=arg.split("=", 2)
  argdict[pair[0]] = pair[1]

fo = open('config.py', 'w')
fo.write("OAUTH_CONFIG = { 'tw': { \n \
            'consumer_key': '"+ argdict['--consumer_key'] +"', \n \
            'consumer_secret': '"+ argdict['--consumer_secret'] +"', \n \
            'request_token_url': 'https://twitter.com/oauth/request_token', \n \
            'access_token_url': 'https://twitter.com/oauth/access_token', \n \
            'user_auth_url': 'http://twitter.com/oauth/authorize', \n \
            'default_api_prefix': 'http://twitter.com',\n \
            'default_api_suffix': '.json',\n \
            'account_url': 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/account/verify_credentials.json', \n \
            'callback_url': '"+ argdict['--callback_url'] +"',\n \
          }, \n \
          'internal': { \n \
            'logout_redirect_url': '/', \n \
          }\n \
        }")
fo.close()


```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  B) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import random
import string
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request



def rand_pass(size):
        # Takes random choices from
	# ascii_letters and digits
	generate_pass = ''.join([random.choice( string.ascii_uppercase +
		                            string.ascii_lowercase +
		                            string.digits)
		                            for n in range(size)])
	return generate_pass

# Driver Code
password = rand_pass(5)

print(password)


authkey = "" # Your authentication key.

mobiles = "" # Multiple mobiles numbers separated by comma.

message = "Your OTP  is  {}".format(password) # Your message to send.

sender = "SMSIND" # Sender ID, While using route4 sender id should be 6 characters long.

route = "4" # Define route

# Prepare you post parameters
values = {
'authkey' : authkey,
'mobiles' : mobiles,
'message' : message,
'sender' : sender,
'route' : route
}


url = "http://api.msg91.com/api/sendhttp.php" # API URL

postdata = urllib.parse.urlencode(values).encode('utf-8') # URL encoding the data here.

req = urllib.request.Request(url, postdata)

response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

output = response.read() # Get Response

print(output) # Print Response


```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  D) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import json
import redis
import logging
from tornado import escape
from Handlers.BaseHandler import BaseHandler

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class RegisterHandler(BaseHandler):
    """Handle user register actions
    """
    def initialize(self, redis_client: redis.Redis):
        """initialize

        :param redis_client:
        """
        self.redis_client = redis_client

    def get(self):
        """Get register form
        """
        if self.current_user:
            self.redirect('/')
            return
        self.render('register.html')

    def post(self):
        """Post register form and try to sign up with these credentials
        """
        if self.current_user:
            self.redirect('/')
            return
        getusername = str(escape.xhtml_escape(self.get_argument('username'))[:48])
        getpassword = str(escape.xhtml_escape(self.get_argument('password'))[:64])
        if not self.redis_client.exists('users-' + getusername) and len(getusername) > 3 and len(getpassword) > 5:
                logger.debug('register new user : ' + getusername)
                self.redis_client.set('users-' + getusername, getpassword)
                self.redis_client.set('objects-' + getusername, json.dumps({'position': 'Toulouse',
                                                                            'meteo': {}}))
                with open('connected_object_simulator/' + getusername + '.object', mode='w') as file:
                    file.write(getpassword + '\n')  # create a file to simulate a new connected object
                self.set_secure_cookie('user', getusername, expires_days=1)
                self.redirect('/')
        else:
            logger.info('invalid register form received : "' + getusername + '" "'
                        + getpassword + '"')
            self.render('register.html', error='You can\'t create an account with these informations')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: post