OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
from Queue import Queue
import threading
import argparse
import re
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()


inputFile = ""
outputFile= ""
thread = ""

def banner():
    print ""
    print ""
    print "Haci Burtay"
    print "Twitter : @haciburtay"
    print "www.burtay.org"
    print "admin@burtay.org"
    print """
                 _            ___                 _     ___ _           _
 /\   /\___  ___| |_ __ _    / _ \__ _ _ __   ___| |   / __(_)_ __   __| | ___ _ __
 \ \ / / _ \/ __| __/ _` |  / /_)/ _` | '_ \ / _ \ |  / _\ | | '_ \ / _` |/ _ \ '__|
  \ V /  __/\__ \ || (_| | / ___/ (_| | | | |  __/ | / /   | | | | | (_| |  __/ |
   \_/ \___||___/\__\__,_| \/    \__,_|_| |_|\___|_| \/    |_|_| |_|\__,_|\___|_|"""
    print ""
    print ""

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("-i",help="IP List without http or https flag",required=True)
parser.add_argument("-o",help="Output file - default vestaFinder.txt",default="vestaFinder.txt")
parser.add_argument("-t",help="Thread count - default 10",default=10,type=int)
args = parser.parse_args()

inputFile = args.i
outputFile = args.o
thread = args.t

print "[+] Input file ",inputFile
print "[+] Output file",outputFile
print "[+] Thread count ",thread


banner()
q = Queue()

def yaz(dosya,data):
    ac = open(dosya,"a")
    ac.write(data)
    ac.close()

def ipList():
    ipler = open(inputFile,'r')
    ipler = re.split('\n',ipler.read())
    return ipler

def vestaControl(ip):
    print ip, " Checking..."
    try:
        vestaRequest = requests.get("https://"+ip+":8083",verify=False,timeout=2)
        es = re.search("vesta", vestaRequest.text)
        if es:
            print "Vesta Found -> ", ip
            yaz(outputFile,ip+"\n")
            return True
        else:
            return False
    except requests.Timeout:
        print ip," Timout"
    except requests.ConnectionError:
        pass

def worker():
    while True:
        item = q.get()
        vestaControl(item)
        q.task_done()

ipler = ipList()
for ip in ipler:
    q.put(ip)

for i in range(thread):
    t = threading.Thread(target=worker)
    t.daemon = True
    t.start()
q.join()
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: vestaControl
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
bokehadauth.py, when hooked into Bokeh server, will require Active Directory login by users.
Currently, it expects the environment variables AD_SERVER and AD_DOMAIN to be set correctly.

This module is meant to be specified as argument to a bokeh server.
bokeh serve --auth-module=bokehadauth.py --cookie-secret YOURSECRETHERE [...]
"""
import os

import easyad
from tornado.escape import json_decode, url_escape, json_encode
from tornado.web import RequestHandler


def get_user(request_handler):
    user_json = request_handler.get_secure_cookie("user")
    if user_json:
        return json_decode(user_json)
    else:
        return None


login_url = "/login"


class LoginHandler(RequestHandler):
    """
    The handler for logins. Bokeh promises to include a route to this handler
    """

    def get(self):
        self.render("login.html", next=self.get_argument("next", "/"))

    def post(self):
        self.ad = easyad.EasyAD({'AD_SERVER': os.environ.get('AD_SERVER', None),
                                 'AD_DOMAIN': os.environ.get('AD_DOMAIN', None)})
        username = self.get_argument("username", "")
        password = self.get_argument("password", "")
        is_authorised = self.ad.authenticate_user(username, password, json_safe=True)
        if is_authorised and username:
            self.set_secure_cookie("user", json_encode(username))
            self.redirect(self.get_argument("next", "/"))
        else:
            error = "?error=" + url_escape("Login incorrect.")
            self.redirect("/login" + error)
            self.clear_cookie("user")

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  B) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
bokehadauth.py, when hooked into Bokeh server, will require Active Directory login by users.
Currently, it expects the environment variables AD_SERVER and AD_DOMAIN to be set correctly.

This module is meant to be specified as argument to a bokeh server.
bokeh serve --auth-module=bokehadauth.py --cookie-secret YOURSECRETHERE [...]
"""
import os

import easyad
from tornado.escape import json_decode, url_escape, json_encode
from tornado.web import RequestHandler


def get_user(request_handler):
    user_json = request_handler.get_secure_cookie("user")
    if user_json:
        return json_decode(user_json)
    else:
        return None


login_url = "/login"


class LoginHandler(RequestHandler):
    """
    The handler for logins. Bokeh promises to include a route to this handler
    """

    def get(self):
        self.render("login.html", next=self.get_argument("next", "/"))

    def post(self):
        self.ad = easyad.EasyAD({'AD_SERVER': os.environ.get('AD_SERVER', None),
                                 'AD_DOMAIN': os.environ.get('AD_DOMAIN', None)})
        username = self.get_argument("username", "")
        password = self.get_argument("password", "")
        is_authorised = self.ad.authenticate_user(username, password, json_safe=True)
        if is_authorised and username:
            self.set_secure_cookie("user", json_encode(username))
            self.redirect(self.get_argument("next", "/"))
        else:
            error = "?error=" + url_escape("Login incorrect.")
            self.redirect("/login" + error)
            self.clear_cookie("user")

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability?

  A) get
  B) LoginHandler
  C) get_user
  D) post
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import re

def clean_text(text, normalize_case=False, normalize_whitespace=True, remove_uris=True, blacklist_regex="non_alpha_numeric_punct"):
    """Clean text to prepare for training and inference.
    
    Args:
      text: the text to clean
    """
    if blacklist_regex is not None:
        if blacklist_regex == "non_alpha_numeric":
            blacklist_regex = r"[^a-zA-Z1-9 ]"
        elif blacklist_regex == "non_alpha_numeric_punct":
            blacklist_regex = r"[^a-zA-Z1-9 `~!@#$%^&*()-_=+\[\];:'\",./?’]"
    
    if normalize_case:
        text = text.lower()
    if normalize_whitespace:
        text = re.sub(r"[\s]+", " ", text)
    if remove_uris:
        text = re.sub(r"http\S+", "", text)
    if blacklist_regex is not None:
        text = re.sub(blacklist_regex, "", text)
    if normalize_whitespace:
        text = re.sub(r" +", " ", text)
        text = text.strip()
            
    return text
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  C) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  D) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  E) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  F) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Pyserini: Python interface to the Anserini IR toolkit built on Lucene
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Starting point for writing this script
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13129618/histogram-values-of-a-pandas-series

import argparse
import os
import re
import sys
import urllib.request

# Use Pyserini in this repo (as opposed to pip install)
sys.path.insert(0, './')

from pyserini.util import download_url


def main(args):
    print(args.url)
    contents = urllib.request.urlopen(args.url).read().decode('utf-8')
    dropbox_pattern = re.compile('https://www.dropbox.com/[^)]+')
    md5sum_pattern = re.compile('`([a-z0-9]{32})`')
    for line in contents.splitlines():
        match = dropbox_pattern.search(line)
        if match:
            md5sum_match = md5sum_pattern.search(line)
            if md5sum_match:
                url = match.group()
                md5sum = md5sum_match.group(1)
                print(f'Downloading and verifying {url}')
                destination = download_url(url, '.', md5=md5sum)
                print(f'Finished downloading to {destination}, removing...')
                os.remove(destination)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    parser.add_argument('--url', type=str, metavar='url', required=True, help='URL to check.')

    main(parser.parse_args())

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  C) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  D) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  E) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  F) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
import os
import re
from flask import Flask, url_for, request, redirect, Response

app = Flask(__name__)

URL = 'https://kotoha-server.herokuapp.com/api/phrases.json'

# Check token if you don't want to conflict with other slash commands
#SLACK_KEY =  os.environ['SLACK_KEY']

@app.route('/kotoha',methods=['POST'])
def kotoha():
    """
    Example:
        /kotoha (tag|text) []
    """
    text = request.values.get('text')
    # Check token if you don't want to conflict with other slash commands
    #slack_key = request.values.get('token')
    #if debug is False:
    #    if slack_key != SLACK_KEY:
    #        return 'slack token does not match'
    #else:
    #    print('It\'s debug mode')

    if not text:
        return 'hint: (tag|text) [word]'

    '''parse text'''
    match = re.search('(tag|text)\s*(.*)', text)
    if match:
        kind = match.group(1)
        words = match.group(2)
        if request.method == 'POST':
            req = get_request_string(kind, words)
            query_json = json.loads(requests.get(req).content.decode('utf-8'))
            resp_qs = [':four_leaf_clover: Kotoha for {}:{}\n'.format(kind,words)]
            '''debug'''
            #resp_j = map(get_response_string, query_json)
            #print('response: {}'.format(resp_j))
            '''debug end'''
            resp_qs.extend(map(get_response_string, query_json))
            return Response('\n'.join(resp_qs), content_type='text/plain; charset=utf-8')
    else:
        return 'hint: (tag|text) [words]'

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return redirect('https://github.com/tomoima525')

def get_request_string(kind, words):
    tag_param = '{}={}'.format(kind,words)
    return '?'.join([URL,tag_param])

def get_response_string(qdict):
    return '{} from {}'.format(qdict.get('text'),qdict.get('tag_list'))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Bind to PORT if defined, otherwise default to 5000.
    port = int(os.environ.get('PORT', 5000))
    debug = os.environ.get('DEBUG', False)
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port, debug = debug)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability?

  A) index
  B) kotoha
  C) get_request_string
  D) get_response_string
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
import os
import re
from flask import Flask, url_for, request, redirect, Response

app = Flask(__name__)

URL = 'https://kotoha-server.herokuapp.com/api/phrases.json'

# Check token if you don't want to conflict with other slash commands
#SLACK_KEY =  os.environ['SLACK_KEY']

@app.route('/kotoha',methods=['POST'])
def kotoha():
    """
    Example:
        /kotoha (tag|text) []
    """
    text = request.values.get('text')
    # Check token if you don't want to conflict with other slash commands
    #slack_key = request.values.get('token')
    #if debug is False:
    #    if slack_key != SLACK_KEY:
    #        return 'slack token does not match'
    #else:
    #    print('It\'s debug mode')

    if not text:
        return 'hint: (tag|text) [word]'

    '''parse text'''
    match = re.search('(tag|text)\s*(.*)', text)
    if match:
        kind = match.group(1)
        words = match.group(2)
        if request.method == 'POST':
            req = get_request_string(kind, words)
            query_json = json.loads(requests.get(req).content.decode('utf-8'))
            resp_qs = [':four_leaf_clover: Kotoha for {}:{}\n'.format(kind,words)]
            '''debug'''
            #resp_j = map(get_response_string, query_json)
            #print('response: {}'.format(resp_j))
            '''debug end'''
            resp_qs.extend(map(get_response_string, query_json))
            return Response('\n'.join(resp_qs), content_type='text/plain; charset=utf-8')
    else:
        return 'hint: (tag|text) [words]'

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return redirect('https://github.com/tomoima525')

def get_request_string(kind, words):
    tag_param = '{}={}'.format(kind,words)
    return '?'.join([URL,tag_param])

def get_response_string(qdict):
    return '{} from {}'.format(qdict.get('text'),qdict.get('tag_list'))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Bind to PORT if defined, otherwise default to 5000.
    port = int(os.environ.get('PORT', 5000))
    debug = os.environ.get('DEBUG', False)
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port, debug = debug)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability.
Answer: kotoha
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding: utf-8

from pyramid.view import view_config
from pyramid import httpexceptions as exceptions
from pyramid.authentication import extract_http_basic_credentials

from ..juliette.conexion import parametros, credenciales, autenticacion
from ..juliette.excepciones import AutenticacionException
from ..juliette.modelBase import diccionador

import logging
log = logging.getLogger('justine')

# TODO: Se merece una mejor implementación que esto
USUARIOS_ADMIN = ['alortiz']

@view_config(route_name='logueo_options', renderer='json')
def login_option(peticion):
    respuesta = peticion.response
    return {'mensaje': 'nada'}  

@view_config(route_name='logueo', renderer='json', permission='login')
def login(peticion):
    """
    Considerar que este login sirve para que otra aplicación autentique a sus usuarios
    """
   
    try:
        datos = peticion.json_body
        usuario = datos['usuario'].encode('ascii')
        password = datos['password'].encode('ascii')
    except ValueError as e:
        return exceptions.HTTPBadRequest()
    except KeyError as e:
        return exceptions.HTTPBadRequest()  
   
    resultado = autenticar_en_samba(usuario, password)
    
    if (resultado):
        contenido = [diccionador([], u) for u in resultado]
        user_data = contenido[0]
    else:
        return exceptions.HTTPForbidden()

    g = user_data.get('memberOf', [])
    displayName = user_data.get('displayName', usuario)
    grupos = g if type(g) == list else [g]
    resultado =  { 'displayName': displayName, 'grupos':  grupos }
    
    return resultado 

def autenticar_en_samba(usuario, password):
    lp = parametros()
    creds = credenciales(usuario, password, lp)
    
    return autenticacion(creds, lp)


@view_config(route_name='logueo_crear_token', renderer='json')
def crear_token(peticion):
    credenciales = extract_http_basic_credentials(peticion)
    if credenciales:
        usuario, password = credenciales
        resultado = autenticar_en_samba(usuario, password)
        if resultado and usuario in USUARIOS_ADMIN:
            try:
                direccion = peticion.json_body['direccion']
                rol = peticion.json_body['rol']
            except:
                return exceptions.HTTPBadRequest()
            return {'token': peticion.create_token(direccion, rol)}
            
    return exceptions.HTTPForbidden()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: login
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Http Proxy to be used as provider url in verifier."""
from fastapi import FastAPI, status, Request, HTTPException
import uvicorn as uvicorn
import logging
log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

app = FastAPI()
PROXY_PORT = 1234
UVICORN_LOGGING_LEVEL = "error"
items = {
    "states": None
}


def _match_states(payload):
    """Match states in payload against stored message handlers."""
    log.debug(f'Find handler from payload: {payload}')
    handlers = items["states"]
    states = handlers['messageHandlers']
    log.debug(f'Setup states: {handlers}')
    provider_states = payload['providerStates']

    for state in provider_states:
        matching_state = state['name']
        if matching_state in states:
            return states[matching_state]
    raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail='No matched handler.')


@app.post("/")
async def root(request: Request):
    """Match states with provided message handlers."""
    payload = await request.json()
    message = _match_states(payload)
    return {'contents': message}


@app.get('/ping', status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK)
def ping():
    """Check whether the server is available before setting up states."""
    return {"ping": "pong"}


@app.post("/setup", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
async def setup(request: Request):
    """Endpoint to setup states.

    Use localstack to store payload.
    """
    payload = await request.json()
    items["states"] = payload
    return items["states"]


def run_proxy():
    """Rub HTTP Proxy."""
    uvicorn.run("pact.http_proxy:app", port=PROXY_PORT, log_level=UVICORN_LOGGING_LEVEL)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  F) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, render_template, url_for, request, redirect
from markupsafe import escape
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from datetime import datetime

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///blog.db'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
db = SQLAlchemy(app)


class Article(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
    intro = db.Column(db.String(300), nullable=False)
    text = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
    date = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<Article %r>' % self.id


@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template("index.html")


@app.route("/about")
def hello():
    return render_template("about.html")


@app.route("/easy-player")
def easy_player():
    return render_template("easy-player.html")


@app.route("/ome-demo")
def oven_player():
    return render_template("ome_demo.html")


@app.route('/create-article', methods=['POST', 'GET'])
def create_article():
    if request.method == "POST":
        title = request.form['title']
        intro = request.form['intro']
        text = request.form['text']
        article = Article(title=title, intro=intro, text=text)
        try:
            db.session.add(article)
            db.session.commit()
            return redirect('/')
        except:
            return "Error while adding article."
    else:
        return render_template("create-article.html")


@app.route('/user/<username>')
def show_user_profile(username):
    # show the user profile for that user
    return 'User %s' % escape(username)


@app.route('/post/<int:post_id>')
def show_post(post_id):
    # show the post with the given id, the id is an integer
    return 'Post %d' % post_id


@app.route('/path/<path:subpath>')
def show_subpath(subpath):
    # show the subpath after /path/
    return 'Subpath %s' % escape(subpath)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  D) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  E) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: B,E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#! /usr/bin/env python

import paramiko
import time


def connect(command, ip, user, passwd, port=22):

    remote_conn_pre = paramiko.SSHClient()

    remote_conn_pre.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

    remote_conn_pre.connect(ip, username=user, password=passwd, look_for_keys=False, allow_agent=False, port=port)

    remote_conn = remote_conn_pre.invoke_shell()

    output = remote_conn.recv(5000)
    time.sleep(1)
    
    output = remote_conn.send('terminal length 0\n')
    time.sleep(1)
    output = remote_conn.recv(65535)


    for cmd in command:
        output = remote_conn.send(cmd + '\n')
        time.sleep(1)

        output = remote_conn.recv(65535)

    return output



def show_ver():

    ip_addr = '50.76.53.27'
    username = 'pyclass'
    password = '88newclass'
    port = 8022
    cmd_list = ['show version']

    connection = connect(cmd_list, ip_addr, username, password, port)
    print connection


def change_logging():

    ip_addr = '50.76.53.27'
    username = 'pyclass'
    password = '88newclass'
    port = 8022
    cmd_list = ['config t', 'logging buffered 51212', 'end', 'show run | i logging']

    connection = connect(cmd_list, ip_addr, username, password, port)
    print connection


if __name__ == '__main__':


    print
    show_ver()
    print
    print
    change_logging()
    print

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability?

  A) show_ver
  B) change_logging
  C) connect
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Script to automatically downlaod and remove a folder from raspberry pi

from scp import SCPClient
from paramiko import SSHClient
from paramiko import AutoAddPolicy
import os

HOSTNAME    = ""
USERNAME    = ""
PASSWORD    = ""
REMOTE_PATH = ""
LOCAL_PATH  = os.path.expanduser("~/Desktop")

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/23256181/1440037
def rm(sftp, path):
    files = sftp.listdir(path)
    for f in files:
        filepath = os.path.join(path, f)
        try:
            sftp.remove(filepath)
        except IOError:
            rm(sftp, filepath)
    sftp.rmdir(path)

def download():
    remote_folder_name = REMOTE_PATH.split('/')[-1]
    
    print("INFO - Connecting to Raspberry pi...")
    ssh = SSHClient()
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(hostname=HOSTNAME, username=USERNAME, password=PASSWORD)

    print("INFO - Downloading {} folder on {}...".format(
        remote_folder_name,
        LOCAL_PATH.split('/')[-1]
        ))
    with SCPClient(ssh.get_transport()) as scp:
        scp.get(remote_path=REMOTE_PATH,
                local_path=LOCAL_PATH, 
                recursive=True)
        print("DONE - {} downloaded").format(remote_folder_name)

    print("Removing {} folder on raspberry...").format(remote_folder_name)
    with ssh.open_sftp() as sftp:
        rm(sftp, REMOTE_PATH)
        print("DONE - {} folder deleted remotely.").format(remote_folder_name)

    ssh.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    download()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: download
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import traceback
import uuid
import sys

import flask
import flask.json
import gevent.pywsgi
import pymysql
import redis

from platformshconfig import Config

app = flask.Flask(__name__)
config = Config()


@app.route('/')
def root():
    tests = {
        "database": wrap_test(test_mysql, config.credentials("database")),
        "redis": wrap_test(test_redis, config.credentials("rediscache"))
    }
    return flask.json.jsonify(tests)


def wrap_test(callback, *args, **kwargs):
    try:
        result = callback(*args, **kwargs)
        return {
            "status": "OK",
            "return": result,
        }
    except Exception:
        return {
            "status": "ERROR",
            "error": traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())
        }


def test_mysql(instance):
    connection = pymysql.connect(
        host=instance["host"],
        port=instance["port"],
        user=instance["username"],
        password=instance["password"],
        db=instance["path"],
        charset='utf8mb4',
        cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor,
    )

    try:
        with connection.cursor() as cursor:
            cursor.execute("SELECT 1")
            cursor.fetchone()

    finally:
        connection.close()


def test_redis(instance):
    r = redis.StrictRedis(
        host=instance["host"],
        port=instance["port"],
        db=0,
    )
    key_name = "foo-%s" + str(uuid.uuid4())
    value = b"bar"

    r.set(key_name, "bar")
    assert value == r.get(key_name)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    http_server = gevent.pywsgi.WSGIServer(('127.0.0.1', int(config.port)), app)
    http_server.serve_forever()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  C) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  D) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  E) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import socket
import base64
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

chave = "0123456789ABCDEF"
aes = AES.new(chave, AES.MODE_ECB)

HOST = ''              									
PORT = 5000							

tcp = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) 
orig = (HOST, PORT)
tcp.bind(orig)											
tcp.listen(1)		
									
while True:
    con, cliente = tcp.accept()							
    print 'Concetado: ', cliente						
    while True:	
		mensagem = raw_input()		
		
		cryptoSaida = mensagem+'#'*(16-len(mensagem)%16)
		texto_cifrado = base64.b32encode(aes.encrypt(cryptoSaida))
				
		con.send(texto_cifrado)	
		
		print "Resposta do Cliente: "
		
		resposta_cifrada = con.recv(1024)
		
		dados = aes.decrypt(base64.b32decode(resposta_cifrada)).rstrip('#')
		
		
		print "passou"
		
		if not dados: break
		print dados
    print 'Finalizando conexao: ', cliente
    con.close()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  B) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  E) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  F) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Answer: C,F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
__author__ = "0016285: Kaddour Alnaasan"


# Aufgabe 2

# read IBAN
iban = input("Geben Sie Ihre IBAN ohne Lerrzeichnen: ")
# Read country Code
country_code = iban[0:2]
# Test if IBAN courrect (Country code and Number)


def is_iban(iban, country, char_num):
    while len(iban) != char_num:
        print("die", country, "IBAN ist", char_num, "Zeichnen.")
        iban = input("Geben Sie Ihre IBAN ohne Lerrzeichnen: ")
    iban_int = iban[2:]

    iban_int_len = len(iban_int)
    i = 0
    ascii_char = ord(iban_int[i])
    while ascii_char >= 48 and ascii_char <= 57:
        if i < iban_int_len:
            ascii_char = ord(iban_int[i])
            i = i + 1
        elif i == iban_int_len:
            print("Die IBAN ist gültich.", iban)
            break
    else:
        print("Die IBAN ist ungültich.")
        iban = input("Geben Sie Ihre IBAN ohne Lerrzeichnen: ")
        is_iban(iban, country, char_num)
    return iban


if country_code == "DE" or country_code == "de":
    is_iban(iban, "deutsche", 22)
elif country_code == "FR" or country_code == "fr":
    is_iban(iban, "französische", 27)
elif country_code == "CH" or country_code == "ch":
    is_iban(iban, "schweize", 21)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import h2
import socket
import ssl
import h2.connection
import time
import sys

def determine_sent(sockhost, host, port, path):
    frames=grab_frames(sockhost, host,port, path)
    origin_sent=False
    for frame in frames:
        if frame[0]==12:
            origin_sent=True
    return origin_sent

def get_url_conn(sockhost, host , port, path, body=None):
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.connect((sockhost, port))
    ssl_ctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)
    ssl_ctx.verify_mode=ssl.CERT_NONE
    ssl_ctx.set_npn_protocols(['h2'])
    tls=ssl_ctx.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)
    conn = h2.connection.H2Connection()
    conn.initiate_connection()
    tls.sendall(conn.data_to_send())
    sid = conn.get_next_available_stream_id()
    conn.send_headers(sid, [
        ( ':method', 'GET'),
        ( ':authority', host),
        ( ':scheme', 'https'),
        ( ':path', path)])
    if body != None:
        conn.send_data(sid, body)
    conn.end_stream(sid)
    tls.sendall(conn.data_to_send())
    return (tls, conn)
    
def grab_frames(sockhost, host, port, path, body=None):
    (tls,conn)=get_url_conn(sockhost, host, port, path, body)
    done=False
    totdata=bytes()
    while not(done):
        data = tls.recv(1024)
        if not data:
            break
        totdata +=data
        events = conn.receive_data(data)
        for event in events:
            print event
            if isinstance(event, h2.events.StreamEnded):
                done=True

    totdata=memoryview(totdata)
    frames=list()
    end=len(totdata)
    curr = 0
    while curr<end:
        header=totdata[curr: curr+9].tolist()
        framelen = header[0]*2**16+header[1]*2**8+header[2]
        frametype = header[3]
        streamid = header[5]*2**24+header[6]*2**16+header[7]*2**8+header[8]
        frames.append((frametype, streamid, totdata[curr+9:curr+9+framelen].tobytes()))
        curr+=9
        curr+=framelen
    return frames

print determine_sent(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], int(sys.argv[3]), sys.argv[4])

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) get_url_conn
  B) determine_sent
  C) grab_frames
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import h2
import socket
import ssl
import h2.connection
import time
import sys

def determine_sent(sockhost, host, port, path):
    frames=grab_frames(sockhost, host,port, path)
    origin_sent=False
    for frame in frames:
        if frame[0]==12:
            origin_sent=True
    return origin_sent

def get_url_conn(sockhost, host , port, path, body=None):
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.connect((sockhost, port))
    ssl_ctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)
    ssl_ctx.verify_mode=ssl.CERT_NONE
    ssl_ctx.set_npn_protocols(['h2'])
    tls=ssl_ctx.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)
    conn = h2.connection.H2Connection()
    conn.initiate_connection()
    tls.sendall(conn.data_to_send())
    sid = conn.get_next_available_stream_id()
    conn.send_headers(sid, [
        ( ':method', 'GET'),
        ( ':authority', host),
        ( ':scheme', 'https'),
        ( ':path', path)])
    if body != None:
        conn.send_data(sid, body)
    conn.end_stream(sid)
    tls.sendall(conn.data_to_send())
    return (tls, conn)
    
def grab_frames(sockhost, host, port, path, body=None):
    (tls,conn)=get_url_conn(sockhost, host, port, path, body)
    done=False
    totdata=bytes()
    while not(done):
        data = tls.recv(1024)
        if not data:
            break
        totdata +=data
        events = conn.receive_data(data)
        for event in events:
            print event
            if isinstance(event, h2.events.StreamEnded):
                done=True

    totdata=memoryview(totdata)
    frames=list()
    end=len(totdata)
    curr = 0
    while curr<end:
        header=totdata[curr: curr+9].tolist()
        framelen = header[0]*2**16+header[1]*2**8+header[2]
        frametype = header[3]
        streamid = header[5]*2**24+header[6]*2**16+header[7]*2**8+header[8]
        frames.append((frametype, streamid, totdata[curr+9:curr+9+framelen].tobytes()))
        curr+=9
        curr+=framelen
    return frames

print determine_sent(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], int(sys.argv[3]), sys.argv[4])

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: get_url_conn
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import padding
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher, algorithms, modes
from feedback import FeedbackForm
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask import Flask, request, redirect, url_for, render_template, make_response
import os
import base64

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(
    os.environ.get('APP_SETTINGS') or 'config.DevelopmentConfig')
Bootstrap(app)


@app.route("/")
def hello():
    feedback = request.cookies.get('test')
    if feedback:
        try:
            return decrypt(feedback)
        except Exception as e:
            return make_response("Error: {0}".format(e), 500)
    return "Hello World!"


@app.route("/feedback", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def set_data():
    form = FeedbackForm(request.form)
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        response = redirect(url_for("hello"))
        response.set_cookie("test", encrypt(form.feedback.data))
        return response
    return render_template('index.html', form=form)


def get_cipher(iv):
    backend = default_backend()
    key = app.config['KEY']
    return Cipher(algorithms.AES(key), modes.CBC(iv), backend=backend)


def encrypt(text):
    bytes = text.encode('utf-8')

    padder = padding.PKCS7(128).padder()
    padded_data = padder.update(bytes) + padder.finalize()

    iv = os.urandom(16)
    cipher = get_cipher(iv)
    encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
    ct = iv + encryptor.update(padded_data) + encryptor.finalize()

    return base64.b64encode(ct)


def decrypt(data):
    encoded = base64.b64decode(data)

    iv = encoded[:16]
    ct = encoded[16:]
    cipher = get_cipher(iv)
    decryptor = cipher.decryptor()
    padded = decryptor.update(ct) + decryptor.finalize()

    unpadder = padding.PKCS7(128).unpadder()
    pt = unpadder.update(padded) + unpadder.finalize()

    return pt.decode('utf-8')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import logging
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) get_cipher
  B) hello
  C) decrypt
  D) encrypt
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import padding
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher, algorithms, modes
from feedback import FeedbackForm
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
from flask import Flask, request, redirect, url_for, render_template, make_response
import os
import base64

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(
    os.environ.get('APP_SETTINGS') or 'config.DevelopmentConfig')
Bootstrap(app)


@app.route("/")
def hello():
    feedback = request.cookies.get('test')
    if feedback:
        try:
            return decrypt(feedback)
        except Exception as e:
            return make_response("Error: {0}".format(e), 500)
    return "Hello World!"


@app.route("/feedback", methods=["GET", "POST"])
def set_data():
    form = FeedbackForm(request.form)
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        response = redirect(url_for("hello"))
        response.set_cookie("test", encrypt(form.feedback.data))
        return response
    return render_template('index.html', form=form)


def get_cipher(iv):
    backend = default_backend()
    key = app.config['KEY']
    return Cipher(algorithms.AES(key), modes.CBC(iv), backend=backend)


def encrypt(text):
    bytes = text.encode('utf-8')

    padder = padding.PKCS7(128).padder()
    padded_data = padder.update(bytes) + padder.finalize()

    iv = os.urandom(16)
    cipher = get_cipher(iv)
    encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
    ct = iv + encryptor.update(padded_data) + encryptor.finalize()

    return base64.b64encode(ct)


def decrypt(data):
    encoded = base64.b64decode(data)

    iv = encoded[:16]
    ct = encoded[16:]
    cipher = get_cipher(iv)
    decryptor = cipher.decryptor()
    padded = decryptor.update(ct) + decryptor.finalize()

    unpadder = padding.PKCS7(128).unpadder()
    pt = unpadder.update(padded) + unpadder.finalize()

    return pt.decode('utf-8')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import logging
    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: hello