OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import random
import re
import shutil
import sys

apps = ['app1', 'app2', 'app3']

def copy_template(name):
    """
    Copies the project_template directory structure.

    """
    destination = '/Users/jonathan/projects/'
    # destination = '/Users/nickficano/Desktop/temp/'

    top_dir = os.path.join(destination, name)
    os.mkdir(top_dir)

    project = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
    template_dir = os.path.join(project, '../../../src/project_template')

    for d, subdirs, files in os.walk(template_dir):
        relative_dir = d[len(template_dir)+1:].replace('project_name', name)
        if relative_dir:
            os.mkdir(os.path.join(top_dir, relative_dir))
        for subdir in subdirs[:]:
            if subdir.startswith('.'):
                subdirs.remove(subdir)
        for f in files:
            path_old = os.path.join(d, f)
            path_new = os.path.join(top_dir, relative_dir, f.replace('project_name', name))
            fp_old = open(path_old, 'r')
            fp_new = open(path_new, 'w')
            fp_new.write(fp_old.read().replace('{{ project_name }}', name).replace('{{ secret_key }}', generate_secret_key()))
            fp_old.close()
            fp_new.close()
            try:
                shutil.copymode(path_old, path_new)
            except OSError:
                sys.stderr.write("Error, something bad happened.")

            # if f == 'settings.py':
            #     with open("%s" % path_new, "a") as s:
            #         for app in apps:
            #             s.write(\t"%s,\n" % app)


def generate_secret_key():
    c = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*(-_=+)"
    return "".join([random.choice(c) for x in xrange(50)])

def main():
    if len(sys.argv) < 1:
        p.error("You must specify a project name.")
        sys.exit(0)

    name = sys.argv[1]

    if not os.path.exists(name):
        copy_template(name)
    else:
        print "Project '%s' already exists. Aborting..." % name

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) copy_template
  B) generate_secret_key
  C) main
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests


class BitBank(object):
    def __init__(self, api_key):
        self.api_key = api_key

    def fetch_pair(self, currency_pair):
        """

        :param currency_pair: str market pair name e.g. "BTC_ETH"
        :return: latest forecasts/featureset for the given currency_pair
        """
        try:
            request = requests.get('https://bitbank.nz/api/forecasts/' + currency_pair + '?secret=' + self.api_key)

            if request.status_code != 200:
                print("request error code: {}, {}".format(request.status_code, request.text))
            featureset = request.json()['results']
            return featureset
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            return None

    def fetch_all_pairs(self):
        """
        :return: pair_to_featuresets a map of currency pairs to the most up to date featureset for that pair
        """
        try:
            request = requests.get('https://bitbank.nz/api/forecasts?secret=' + self.api_key)

            if request.status_code != 200:
                print("request error code: {}, {}".format(request.status_code, request.text))
            featuresets = request.json()['results']
            pair_to_featuresets = {}
            for featureset in featuresets:
                pair_to_featuresets[featureset['currency_pair']] = featureset
            return pair_to_featuresets
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            return None


    def fetch_historical_featuresets(self, currency_pair):
        try:
            request = requests.get('https://bitbank.nz/api/coin/' + currency_pair + '?secret=' + self.api_key)

            if request.status_code != 200:
                print("request error code: {}, {}".format(request.status_code, request.text))
            featuresets = request.json()['results']
            return featuresets
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            return None

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  B) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  E) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  F) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import re

# number_mapping = {'1': 'one',
#                   '2': 'two',
#                   '3': 'three', 
#                   '4' : ['one', 'otw', 'itw'] }
# s = "1 testing 2 3"

# # print (re.sub(r'\d', s, lambda x: number_mapping[x.group()]))
# # print(number_mapping)

# for k,v in number_mapping.items():
#     if k == '1':
#         print(v)



# for k,v in number_mapping.items():
#     if type(v) != str:
#         nls = []
#         for i in v:            
#             nls.append(re.sub(r'o', 'L', i))
#         number_mapping[k] = nls
# print(number_mapping)


ss = """
BEGIN

        CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT id FROM `btn_bansos`.`bansos_produk` WHERE id = input_id_produk AND status = 1)  THEN

                UPDATE `btn_bansos`.`bansos_produk`
                SET
                        `status` = 0,
            `deleted_by` = IFNULL(input_deleted_by, deleted_by)
                WHERE `id` = input_id_produk;

                SELECT a.code, a.message, a.note FROM `btn_bansos`.`bansos_error_message` AS a WHERE `a`.`code` = '00';

        ELSE

                SELECT a.code, a.message, a.note FROM `btn_bansos`.`bansos_error_message` AS a WHERE `a`.`code` = 'DBE03';

        END CASE;

/*---------------------------Audit Trail------------------------------/
# Created By    : April
# Created At    : 2019-03-11
# Updated By    : -
# Updated At    : -
# Desc                  : delete data produk (change status to 0)
/-------------------------------------------------------------------*/

END"""



nn = re.sub(r'/\*([^*]|[\r\n]|(\*+([^*/]|[\r\n])))*\*+/',"" ,ss)
nw = re.sub(r'\n', '', nn)
pres = nw.replace('   ','')
m = pres.replace('  ',' ')
psw = m.rstrip('\n')
ps = psw.split(' ')
print(ps)
# pres = nw.replace('   ','')
# ps = pres.split(' ')
# print(ps)



```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  B) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  C) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  E) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  F) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/env/python python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @File     : unzip_tar.py
# @Time     : 2018/8/17 9:01 
# @Software : PyCharm
import tarfile
import os
from absl import flags, app

FLAGS = flags.FLAGS

flags.DEFINE_string(
    "data_dir", "../../data/data_aishell/wav/",
    "the original tar data dir")

flags.DEFINE_string(
    "save_dir", "../../untar_data/",
    "the save untar data dir")


# 解压tar.gz文件到文件夹
def untar_dir(srcname, data_path):
    tar_handle = tarfile.open(srcname, "r:gz")
    tar_handle.extractall(data_path)
    tar_handle.close()


def main(argv):
    # 将原始音频文件解压
    for root, dir, file in os.walk(FLAGS.data_dir):
        for filename in file:
            untar_dir(os.path.join(root, filename), FLAGS.save_dir)
    print("finished")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(main)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  B) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  C) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  E) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  F) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from twython import Twython


def read_strings_from_file(file_path, how_many):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        data = file.read()
    return data.split()[:how_many]


def read_key_and_secret(file_path):
    return read_strings_from_file(file_path, 2)


def read_token_secret_pin(file_path):
    return read_strings_from_file(file_path, 2)


def write_token_secret(file_path, token, secret):
    with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
        file.write("{}\n{}".format(token, secret))


def auth_app(key_file, auth_file):
    app_key, app_secret = read_key_and_secret(key_file)

    # obtaining URL for authentication
    twitter = Twython(app_key, app_secret)
    auth = twitter.get_authentication_tokens()
    oauth_token = auth['oauth_token']
    oauth_token_secret = auth['oauth_token_secret']

    # request pin
    print('Go here: {}'.format(auth['auth_url']))
    pin = input('PIN? ')

    # complete authorization with PIN
    twitter = Twython(app_key, app_secret, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret)
    auth = twitter.get_authorized_tokens(pin)
    oauth_token = auth['oauth_token']
    oauth_token_secret = auth['oauth_token_secret']

    # write token and secret to file
    write_token_secret(auth_file, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret)
    print('auth credentials written to: {}'.format(auth_file))


def twython_from_key_and_auth(key_file, auth_file):
    app_key, app_secret = read_key_and_secret(key_file)
    oauth_token, oauth_token_secret = read_token_secret_pin(auth_file)

    return Twython(app_key, app_secret, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) write_token_secret
  B) auth_app
  C) read_strings_from_file
  D) read_key_and_secret
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from twython import Twython


def read_strings_from_file(file_path, how_many):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
        data = file.read()
    return data.split()[:how_many]


def read_key_and_secret(file_path):
    return read_strings_from_file(file_path, 2)


def read_token_secret_pin(file_path):
    return read_strings_from_file(file_path, 2)


def write_token_secret(file_path, token, secret):
    with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
        file.write("{}\n{}".format(token, secret))


def auth_app(key_file, auth_file):
    app_key, app_secret = read_key_and_secret(key_file)

    # obtaining URL for authentication
    twitter = Twython(app_key, app_secret)
    auth = twitter.get_authentication_tokens()
    oauth_token = auth['oauth_token']
    oauth_token_secret = auth['oauth_token_secret']

    # request pin
    print('Go here: {}'.format(auth['auth_url']))
    pin = input('PIN? ')

    # complete authorization with PIN
    twitter = Twython(app_key, app_secret, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret)
    auth = twitter.get_authorized_tokens(pin)
    oauth_token = auth['oauth_token']
    oauth_token_secret = auth['oauth_token_secret']

    # write token and secret to file
    write_token_secret(auth_file, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret)
    print('auth credentials written to: {}'.format(auth_file))


def twython_from_key_and_auth(key_file, auth_file):
    app_key, app_secret = read_key_and_secret(key_file)
    oauth_token, oauth_token_secret = read_token_secret_pin(auth_file)

    return Twython(app_key, app_secret, oauth_token, oauth_token_secret)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: write_token_secret
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import ipaddress
import logging

from core.NeuronModule import NeuronModule, MissingParameterException, InvalidParameterException
from wakeonlan import wol

logging.basicConfig()
logger = logging.getLogger("kalliope")


class Wake_on_lan(NeuronModule):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(Wake_on_lan, self).__init__(**kwargs)

        mac_address = kwargs.get('mac_address', None)
        broadcast_address = kwargs.get('broadcast_address', '255.255.255.255')
        port = kwargs.get('port', 9)

        # check we provide a mac address
        if mac_address is None:
            raise MissingParameterException("mac_address parameter required")

        # convert to unicode for testing
        broadcast_address_unicode = broadcast_address.decode('utf-8')
        # check the ip address is a valid one
        ipaddress.ip_address(broadcast_address_unicode)

        # check the port
        if type(port) is not int:
            raise InvalidParameterException("port argument must be an integer. Remove quotes in your configuration.")

        logger.debug("Call Wake_on_lan_neuron with parameters: mac_address: %s, broadcast_address: %s, port: %s"
                     % (mac_address, broadcast_address, port))

        # send the magic packet, the mac address format will be check by the lib
        # wol.send_magic_packet(mac_address, ip_address=broadcast_address, port=port)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) Wake_on_lan
  B) __init__
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import ipaddress
import logging

from core.NeuronModule import NeuronModule, MissingParameterException, InvalidParameterException
from wakeonlan import wol

logging.basicConfig()
logger = logging.getLogger("kalliope")


class Wake_on_lan(NeuronModule):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(Wake_on_lan, self).__init__(**kwargs)

        mac_address = kwargs.get('mac_address', None)
        broadcast_address = kwargs.get('broadcast_address', '255.255.255.255')
        port = kwargs.get('port', 9)

        # check we provide a mac address
        if mac_address is None:
            raise MissingParameterException("mac_address parameter required")

        # convert to unicode for testing
        broadcast_address_unicode = broadcast_address.decode('utf-8')
        # check the ip address is a valid one
        ipaddress.ip_address(broadcast_address_unicode)

        # check the port
        if type(port) is not int:
            raise InvalidParameterException("port argument must be an integer. Remove quotes in your configuration.")

        logger.debug("Call Wake_on_lan_neuron with parameters: mac_address: %s, broadcast_address: %s, port: %s"
                     % (mac_address, broadcast_address, port))

        # send the magic packet, the mac address format will be check by the lib
        # wol.send_magic_packet(mac_address, ip_address=broadcast_address, port=port)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: __init__
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8


'''
Created on 2018

@author: Administrator
'''
import logging
from flask import request, Blueprint, abort, jsonify
from langdetect import detect

detect_language_api = Blueprint('detect_language_api', __name__, template_folder='templates')


@detect_language_api.route('/language/detect', methods=['POST'])
def detect_text():
    if not request.json or not 'text' in request.json:
        abort(400)

    input_text = request.json.get("text", "")
    lang = detect(input_text)
    logging.info("Detect Text " + input_text + ", Lang is " + lang)
    return jsonify({'lang': lang})


```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  C) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  D) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  E) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  F) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
Usage:
python appleapp.py
"""

from flask import Flask, request, json
from flask import request


# App config.
DEBUG = True
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'thisisareallygoodsecretmkay???'

@app.route("/", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@app.route("/<username>", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def button_text_route(username=""):

    print(username)

    if request.method == 'GET':
        accept_header = request.headers.get('Accept')
        
        if not username:
            button_text = "Send to Paul"
        else:
            button_text = "<p>Hello, {}</p>".format(username)
        #handle base case - no accept header given
        response = app.response_class(response=button_text,
                                      status=200
                                     )
        return response

    # POST request - just respond with something and a 200
    if request.method == 'POST':
        response = app.response_class(response="""There is no defined behaviour for POST""",
                                      status=200,
                                     )    
        return response

@app.route("/fruits", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def fruit_list(username=""):

    if request.method == 'GET':
        fruit_list = "Good morning {}".format(username)
        data = {"message": fruit_list}
        response = app.response_class(response=json.dumps(data),
                                        status=200,
                                        )    
        return response
    # POST request - just respond with something and a 200
    if request.method == 'POST':
        response = app.response_class(response="""There is no defined behaviour for POST""",
                                      status=200,
                                     )    
        return response


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: button_text_route
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import json
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import pymongo
import re
from slimit import ast
from slimit.parser import Parser
from slimit.visitors import nodevisitor

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


URL = 'https://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/scoreboard/_/group/50'
page = requests.get(URL)

soup = BeautifulSoup(page.content, 'html.parser')
print('***********************************START')


EspnLinks = []

count = 0
for script in soup.find_all('script'):

	#print('--------------------------------------'+ str(count) +'--------------------------------------')
	#print(str(script))
	#print('--------------------------------------')
	
	if count == 13:
		script = str(script)
		#script = script[38:]
		#script = script[:-9]
		ans = []


		ans = [m.start() for m in re.finditer('http://www.espn.com/mens-college-basketball/game', script)]

		EspnLinks = []
		for index in ans:
			EspnLinks.append(script[index:index+65])
		
		# ODDSHARK LINKS
		break

	
	count += 1

url = 'https://www.oddsshark.com/ncaab/scores'
browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"/Users/dragaf/Downloads/chromedriver2")
browser.get(url)
delay = 3

WebDriverWait(browser, delay).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME,'scores-matchup__link')))

soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(browser.page_source, "html.parser")


elements = soup.find_all("a", {"class": "scores-matchup__link"})

OddssharkLinks = []

for a_tag in elements:

	ref = a_tag['href']
	completeURL = 'http://oddshark.com' + ref 
	OddssharkLinks.append(completeURL)


matches = []


for EspnLink in EspnLinks:

print(matches)	


```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  B) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  C) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  D) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  E) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  F) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
with open("lfw-gender.txt") as lfwgender, open("unknown-gender.txt") as unknowngender, open("lfw-gender2.txt", "w") as newfile:
    nextline = lfwgender.readline()
    while nextline:
        firstname, gender = nextline.split()
        if gender != "?":
            newfile.write(nextline)
        else:
            unline = unknowngender.readline().split()
            unfirstname = unline[0]
            ungender = unline[1]
            try:
                unprob = float(unline[2])
            except Exception:
                pass
            
            if firstname != unfirstname:
                print("Error: %s, %s don't match up" % firstname, unfirstname)
            elif ungender == "?" or unprob < 0.8:
                newfile.write(nextline)
            else:
                newfile.write("%s\t%s\n" % (unfirstname, ungender))

        nextline = lfwgender.readline()
    

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  B) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  C) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  D) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from os.path import basename
from os import chmod
from SCons.Builder import Builder

def generateShellScript(filename, class_name, jars, env):
    f=open(filename, 'w')
    f.write("#!/bin/bash\n")
    classpath = "-cp " + ("%s:"*len(jars))[:-1] % tuple([str(jar) for jar in jars])
    java_command = "java -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"
    try:
	f.write(java_command + " " + classpath + " " + env['PKGPREFIX'] + "." + class_name + " $*" + "\n")
    except NameError:
	print "PKGPREFIX not set"
	f.write(java_command + " " + classpath + " " + class_name + " $*" + "\n")	
    f.close()
    chmod(filename, 0x0755)

def build_function(target, source, env):
    # Code to build "target" from "source"
    # target is the executable shell script
    #     e.g. '/usr/local/bin/Jmap'
    # source is a list of the jars in the classpath
    filename = str(target[0])
    class_name = basename(str(filename))
    jars = [jar for jar in source]
    generateShellScript(filename, class_name, jars, env)

def generate(env):
    bld = Builder(action = build_function)
    env.Append(BUILDERS = {'JavaShellScript' : bld})
               

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource` vulnerability?

  A) generateShellScript
  B) generate
  C) build_function
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from os.path import basename
from os import chmod
from SCons.Builder import Builder

def generateShellScript(filename, class_name, jars, env):
    f=open(filename, 'w')
    f.write("#!/bin/bash\n")
    classpath = "-cp " + ("%s:"*len(jars))[:-1] % tuple([str(jar) for jar in jars])
    java_command = "java -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"
    try:
	f.write(java_command + " " + classpath + " " + env['PKGPREFIX'] + "." + class_name + " $*" + "\n")
    except NameError:
	print "PKGPREFIX not set"
	f.write(java_command + " " + classpath + " " + class_name + " $*" + "\n")	
    f.close()
    chmod(filename, 0x0755)

def build_function(target, source, env):
    # Code to build "target" from "source"
    # target is the executable shell script
    #     e.g. '/usr/local/bin/Jmap'
    # source is a list of the jars in the classpath
    filename = str(target[0])
    class_name = basename(str(filename))
    jars = [jar for jar in source]
    generateShellScript(filename, class_name, jars, env)

def generate(env):
    bld = Builder(action = build_function)
    env.Append(BUILDERS = {'JavaShellScript' : bld})
               

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource` vulnerability.
Answer: generateShellScript
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Authentication/Login Blueprint."""
from pprint import pprint

import flask
from flask import Blueprint, flash, render_template, url_for, redirect, request

from flask_login import login_required, login_user, logout_user

from .forms import LoginForm
from .models import LDAPUser

auth_handler = Blueprint(name='auth',
                         import_name=__name__,
                         template_folder='templates',
                         static_folder='static')


@auth_handler.route('/', methods=['GET'])
@login_required
def index():
    """Render auth page."""
    print('>>> auth.index, redirect to landing.index')
    redirect(url_for('landing.index'))


@auth_handler.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    """Render LoginForm and verify login credentials and if credentials are valid, then login_user."""
    form = LoginForm()

    if form.validate_on_submit():

        username = "" if not form.username.data else form.username.data
        password = "" if not form.password.data else form.password.data

        # Cannot have an empty username or password.
        if not username or not password:
            user = None
        # Validate username and password against LDAP.
        else:
            user = LDAPUser.authenticate_and_init(username, password)

        # Only if a valid user object is returned then login user and redirect.
        if user is not None:
            login_user(user)
            flash('Logged in successfully.')
            print("login successful")
            next_url = request.args.get('next')
            print("next_url: {}".format(next_url))
            return redirect(next_url or url_for('landing.index'))

    print("login first time or unsuccessful")
    return render_template('auth/login.html', form=form)


@auth_handler.route('/logout', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def logout():
    """Logout user and redirect to login page."""
    logout_user()
    return redirect(url_for('auth.login'))

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability?

  A) index
  B) login
  C) logout
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Authentication/Login Blueprint."""
from pprint import pprint

import flask
from flask import Blueprint, flash, render_template, url_for, redirect, request

from flask_login import login_required, login_user, logout_user

from .forms import LoginForm
from .models import LDAPUser

auth_handler = Blueprint(name='auth',
                         import_name=__name__,
                         template_folder='templates',
                         static_folder='static')


@auth_handler.route('/', methods=['GET'])
@login_required
def index():
    """Render auth page."""
    print('>>> auth.index, redirect to landing.index')
    redirect(url_for('landing.index'))


@auth_handler.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    """Render LoginForm and verify login credentials and if credentials are valid, then login_user."""
    form = LoginForm()

    if form.validate_on_submit():

        username = "" if not form.username.data else form.username.data
        password = "" if not form.password.data else form.password.data

        # Cannot have an empty username or password.
        if not username or not password:
            user = None
        # Validate username and password against LDAP.
        else:
            user = LDAPUser.authenticate_and_init(username, password)

        # Only if a valid user object is returned then login user and redirect.
        if user is not None:
            login_user(user)
            flash('Logged in successfully.')
            print("login successful")
            next_url = request.args.get('next')
            print("next_url: {}".format(next_url))
            return redirect(next_url or url_for('landing.index'))

    print("login first time or unsuccessful")
    return render_template('auth/login.html', form=form)


@auth_handler.route('/logout', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
@login_required
def logout():
    """Logout user and redirect to login page."""
    logout_user()
    return redirect(url_for('auth.login'))

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: login
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python



class Employee:
    
    def __init__(self, name, age, salary):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.salary = salary
    def work(self):
        print(f'{self.name} is working ...')


class SoftwareEngineer(Employee):
    def __init__(self, name, age, level, salary):
        super().__init__(name,age,salary)
        self.level = level

    
    def debug(self):
        print(f'{self.name} is debuging ... and he gets {self.salary} $$$')



class Designer(Employee):
    pass



se = SoftwareEngineer('Mihai', 22, 'Junior', 2500)

d = Designer('John', 24, 4000)

print(se.salary, se.level)
print(se.debug())

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  E) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  F) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import streamlit as st
import requests
import nltk 
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import NLTKTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Chroma
from langchain.docstore.document import Document
from langchain.prompts import PromptTemplate
from langchain.indexes.vectorstore import VectorstoreIndexCreator
from langchain.chains.question_answering import load_qa_chain
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.llms import OpenAI



nltk.download('punkt')
st.title('Document QA')
st.write(
    os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] == st.secrets["OPENAI_API_KEY"],
)

# Prompt the user to enter a URL
url = st.text_input('Enter the URL of a text document:')

# Load the document from the URL
if url:
    response = requests.get(url)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        text = response.text
        st.write('Document loaded successfully!')
        
        # Split the document into sentences
        text_splitter = NLTKTextSplitter()
        sentences = text_splitter.split_text(text)
        
        # Create a vectorstore index for the document
        embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
        docsearch = Chroma.from_texts(sentences, embeddings, metadatas=[{"source": str(i)} for i in range(len(sentences))]).as_retriever()
        question = "What is life?"
        docs = docsearch.get_relevant_documents(question)
        index_creator = VectorstoreIndexCreator()
        

        # Load the question-answering chain
        chain = load_qa_chain(OpenAI(temperature=0), chain_type="refine")
    else:
        st.write('Error loading document. Please check the URL and try again.')
        st.stop()

# Prompt the user to enter a question
question = st.text_input('Enter your question:')

# Answer the question using the document and the question-answering chain
if url and question:
    docs = docsearch.get_relevant_documents(question)
    outputs = chain({"input_documents": docs, "question": question}, return_only_outputs=True)
    st.write(outputs)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  B) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  C) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  D) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  E) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  F) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
# disable any ssl insecure warnings
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)

# Assign requests.Session instance to session variable
session = requests.Session()

# Define URL and PAYLOAD variables
URL = "https://10.10.20.177/api/aaaLogin.json"
PAYLOAD = {
          "aaaUser": {
            "attributes": {
              "name": "cisco",
              "pwd": "cisco"
               }
            }
          }

# Obtain an authentication cookie
session.post(URL,json=PAYLOAD,verify=False)

# Define SYS_URL variable
SYS_URL = "https://10.10.20.177/api/mo/sys.json"

# Obtain system information by making session.get call
# then convert it to JSON format then filter to system attributes
sys_info = session.get(SYS_URL).json()["imdata"][0]["topSystem"]["attributes"]

# Print hostname, serial nmber, uptime and current state information
# obtained from the NXOSv9k
print("HOSTNAME:", sys_info["name"])
print("SERIAL NUMBER:", sys_info["serial"])
print("UPTIME:", sys_info["systemUpTime"])

# Define USR_URL and USR_PAYLOAD variables
# TO DO Challenge 
# Add JSON Payload and URI to add vlan 500 
# Vlan name = vlan-500
# Add New Code Below




    
			
# Create a user with REST API's POST method
vlan_create = session.post(USR_URL, json=USR_PAYLOAD,verify=False)

# Check if creation was successful and if yes print such message
if vlan_create.ok:
    print("VLAN WAS SUCCESSFULLY CREATED!")

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  B) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  E) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import urllib.request
import json
import requests
from pprint import pprint
import time
import pdb

f = open('key.txt')
API_KEY = f.read()
f.close()

def error_code(code):
    return (code > 400)

def get_routes(origin_id, destination_id, date_out, date_in):

    session_params = {
        'cabinclass':"Economy",
        'country':"UK",
        'currency':'GBP',
        'locale':'en-GB',
        'locationSchema':'iata',
        'originplace': origin_id,
        'destinationplace': destination_id,
        'outbounddate':date_out,
        'inbounddate':date_in,
        'adults':1,
        'apiKey': API_KEY,
        'limit':3
    }

    response = requests.post('http://partners.api.skyscanner.net/apiservices/pricing/v1.0', session_params)
    session_key = response.headers.get('location')
    print("Session key", session_key)
    if response.status_code != 201:
        return None

    json = None
    success = False
    while (not error_code(response.status_code)):
        print("POLLING")
        response = requests.get(session_key, {
            'apiKey': API_KEY
        }, headers={'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'})
        print(response.status_code, response.headers)

        if response.status_code == 200:
            json = response.json()
            if json['Status'] == 'UpdatesComplete':
                success = True
                break

        time.sleep(.25)

    if not success:
        return None


    itineraries = json['Itineraries']
    agents = json['Agents']

    result = []
    flights_itineraries = itineraries[0]

    if flights_itineraries:
        flights = itineraries[0]
        pricing_options = flights_itineraries['PricingOptions']
        for index, flight in enumerate(pricing_options):
            flight_price = pricing_options[index]['Price']
            flight_url = pricing_options[index]['DeeplinkUrl']
            agent = get_agent(agents, pricing_options[index]['Agents'][0])
            if agent is None:
                continue

            entry = {'price': flight_price, 'url': flight_url, 'agent': agent}
            result.append(entry)

    # Get the top 3 results
    return result[:3]

def get_agent(agents, agent_id):
    for _, agent in enumerate(agents):
        if agent['Id'] == agent_id:
            return agent

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: get_routes