OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import jinja2
import pathlib
from yaml import load, Loader
import markdown
import requests
import gnupg
from datetime import datetime,timezone

identities = pathlib.Path("identities")

with (identities / "conf.yaml").open() as f:
    conf = load(f, Loader=Loader)


def getsign(message):
    gpg = gnupg.GPG()
    sign = gpg.sign(message)
    return sign.data


def genmisc():
    miscpath = identities / "misc"
    misc = []
    for mdir in miscpath.iterdir():
        with (mdir / "content.md").open() as f:
            content = markdown.markdown(
                f.read().strip(), extensions=["markdown.extensions.extra"]
            )
        with (mdir / "title").open() as f:
            title = f.read().strip()
        misc.append({"content": content, "title": title})
    return misc


def getbtcblock():
    btcdata = requests.get("https://blockchain.info/latestblock").json()
    return {
        "hash": btcdata["hash"],
        "height": btcdata["height"],
        "url": "https://www.blockchain.com/btc/block/{}".format(btcdata["hash"]),
    }


def placeurl():
    with (identities / "url").open("w") as f:
        f.write(conf['url'])


def gentemplate():
    with open("index.html.j2") as f:
        template = f.read()
    jtemplate = jinja2.Template(template)
    return jtemplate.render(
        conf=conf, btchash=getbtcblock(), misc=genmisc(), date=datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%X %x %Z")
    )


def main():
    html = gentemplate()
    html = "-->\n{}\n<!--".format(html).encode("utf8")
    signed_html = getsign(html).decode("utf8")
    out_html = "<!--\n{}\n-->".format(signed_html)
    with open("out/index.html", "w") as f:
        f.write(out_html)
    placeurl()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  B) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  D) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import jinja2
import pathlib
from yaml import load, Loader
import markdown
import requests
import gnupg
from datetime import datetime,timezone

identities = pathlib.Path("identities")

with (identities / "conf.yaml").open() as f:
    conf = load(f, Loader=Loader)


def getsign(message):
    gpg = gnupg.GPG()
    sign = gpg.sign(message)
    return sign.data


def genmisc():
    miscpath = identities / "misc"
    misc = []
    for mdir in miscpath.iterdir():
        with (mdir / "content.md").open() as f:
            content = markdown.markdown(
                f.read().strip(), extensions=["markdown.extensions.extra"]
            )
        with (mdir / "title").open() as f:
            title = f.read().strip()
        misc.append({"content": content, "title": title})
    return misc


def getbtcblock():
    btcdata = requests.get("https://blockchain.info/latestblock").json()
    return {
        "hash": btcdata["hash"],
        "height": btcdata["height"],
        "url": "https://www.blockchain.com/btc/block/{}".format(btcdata["hash"]),
    }


def placeurl():
    with (identities / "url").open("w") as f:
        f.write(conf['url'])


def gentemplate():
    with open("index.html.j2") as f:
        template = f.read()
    jtemplate = jinja2.Template(template)
    return jtemplate.render(
        conf=conf, btchash=getbtcblock(), misc=genmisc(), date=datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%X %x %Z")
    )


def main():
    html = gentemplate()
    html = "-->\n{}\n<!--".format(html).encode("utf8")
    signed_html = getsign(html).decode("utf8")
    out_html = "<!--\n{}\n-->".format(signed_html)
    with open("out/index.html", "w") as f:
        f.write(out_html)
    placeurl()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) getsign
  B) getbtcblock
  C) placeurl
  D) gentemplate
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import jinja2
import pathlib
from yaml import load, Loader
import markdown
import requests
import gnupg
from datetime import datetime,timezone

identities = pathlib.Path("identities")

with (identities / "conf.yaml").open() as f:
    conf = load(f, Loader=Loader)


def getsign(message):
    gpg = gnupg.GPG()
    sign = gpg.sign(message)
    return sign.data


def genmisc():
    miscpath = identities / "misc"
    misc = []
    for mdir in miscpath.iterdir():
        with (mdir / "content.md").open() as f:
            content = markdown.markdown(
                f.read().strip(), extensions=["markdown.extensions.extra"]
            )
        with (mdir / "title").open() as f:
            title = f.read().strip()
        misc.append({"content": content, "title": title})
    return misc


def getbtcblock():
    btcdata = requests.get("https://blockchain.info/latestblock").json()
    return {
        "hash": btcdata["hash"],
        "height": btcdata["height"],
        "url": "https://www.blockchain.com/btc/block/{}".format(btcdata["hash"]),
    }


def placeurl():
    with (identities / "url").open("w") as f:
        f.write(conf['url'])


def gentemplate():
    with open("index.html.j2") as f:
        template = f.read()
    jtemplate = jinja2.Template(template)
    return jtemplate.render(
        conf=conf, btchash=getbtcblock(), misc=genmisc(), date=datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%X %x %Z")
    )


def main():
    html = gentemplate()
    html = "-->\n{}\n<!--".format(html).encode("utf8")
    signed_html = getsign(html).decode("utf8")
    out_html = "<!--\n{}\n-->".format(signed_html)
    with open("out/index.html", "w") as f:
        f.write(out_html)
    placeurl()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: gentemplate
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python

import logging
import httplib

import requests
from werkzeug.exceptions import Unauthorized
from flask import request
from flask_restful import abort
from drift.auth import get_provider_config

from drift.core.extensions.schemachecker import check_schema

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)


# Oculus provider details schema
oculus_provider_schema = {
    'type': 'object',
    'properties':
    {
        'provider_details':
        {
            'type': 'object',
            'properties':
            {
                'user_id': {'type': 'string'},
                'nonce': {'type': 'string'},
            },
            'required': ['user_id', 'nonce'],
        },
    },
    'required': ['provider_details'],
}


def validate_oculus_ticket():
    """Validate Oculus ticket from /auth call."""

    ob = request.get_json()
    check_schema(ob, oculus_provider_schema, "Error in request body.")
    provider_details = ob['provider_details']
    # Get Oculus authentication config
    oculus_config = get_provider_config('oculus')

    if not oculus_config:
        abort(httplib.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, description="Oculus authentication not configured for current tenant")

    # Call validation and authenticate if ticket is good
    identity_id = run_ticket_validation(
        user_id=provider_details['user_id'],
        access_token=oculus_config['access_token'],
        nonce=provider_details['nonce']
    )

    return identity_id


def run_ticket_validation(user_id, access_token, nonce):
    """
    Validates Oculus session ticket.

    Returns a unique ID for this player.
    """
    token_check_url = 'https://graph.oculus.com/user_nonce_validate?access_token={access_token}&nonce={nonce}&user_id={user_id}'
    url = token_check_url.format(user_id=user_id, access_token=access_token, nonce=nonce)

    try:
        ret = requests.post(url, headers={'Accept': 'application/json'})
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        log.warning("Oculus authentication request failed: %s", e)
        abort_unauthorized("Oculus ticket validation failed. Can't reach Oculus platform.")

    if ret.status_code != 200 or not ret.json().get('is_valid', False):
        log.warning("Failed Oculus authentication. Response code %s: %s", ret.status_code, ret.json())
        abort_unauthorized("User {} not authenticated on Oculus platform.".format(user_id))

    return user_id


def abort_unauthorized(description):
    """Raise an Unauthorized exception.
    """
    raise Unauthorized(description=description)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: run_ticket_validation
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from copy import deepcopy
from datetime import datetime
from hashlib import sha1
import json
import os
import subprocess

LOCK_FILE = ".kap10.db.lock"


class LockError(RuntimeError):
  pass


class Database(object):
  def __init__(self, filename):
    self.filename = filename
    self.update()
    self.console = None

  def update(self):
    with open(self.filename) as f:
      self.db = json.load(f)

  def check_password(self, password):
    s = sha1(password).hexdigest()
    for password in self.db["passwords"]:
      if s == password:
        return True

    return False

  def projects(self):
    for k, p in self.db["projects"].iteritems():
      yield k, p

  def get_project(self, project_name, copy=True):
    p = self.db["projects"].get(project_name, None)
    if copy:
      p = deepcopy(p)

    return p

  def is_locked(self):
    return os.path.exists(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.filename), LOCK_FILE))

  def lock(self):
    if not self.is_locked():
      f = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.filename), LOCK_FILE), "w")
      f.close()

  def unlock(self):
    if self.is_locked():
      os.remove(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.filename), LOCK_FILE))
      self.console = None

  def update_project(self, project_name, person):
    with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
      project = self.get_project(project_name, copy=False)
      project["last_updated"] = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
      project["last_updated_by"] = person
      json.dump(self.db, f, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))

  def get_commit(self, project_name):
    p = self.get_project(project_name)
    return subprocess.check_output(["git", "rev-parse", "HEAD"], cwd=p["app_folder"]).strip()

  def run_script(self, project_name, commit):
    self.lock()
    p = self.get_project(project_name)
    # stream this..
    cmd = deepcopy(p["script"])
    cmd.append(commit)
    self.console = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, cwd=os.path.dirname(p["script"][0]))

  def stream_console(self):
    if not self.console:
      raise RuntimeError("No console present!")

    while True:
      data = self.console.stdout.readline()
      if len(data) == 0:
        break

      yield "data: {}\n\n".format(data)

    self.console.poll()
    msg = "script exitted with returncode {}".format(self.console.returncode)

    yield "data: {}\n\n".format("="*(len(msg)))
    yield "data: {}\n\n".format(msg)
    yield "data: {}\n\n".format("="*(len(msg)))
    self.unlock()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) __init__
  B) run_script
  C) is_locked
  D) check_password
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from copy import deepcopy
from datetime import datetime
from hashlib import sha1
import json
import os
import subprocess

LOCK_FILE = ".kap10.db.lock"


class LockError(RuntimeError):
  pass


class Database(object):
  def __init__(self, filename):
    self.filename = filename
    self.update()
    self.console = None

  def update(self):
    with open(self.filename) as f:
      self.db = json.load(f)

  def check_password(self, password):
    s = sha1(password).hexdigest()
    for password in self.db["passwords"]:
      if s == password:
        return True

    return False

  def projects(self):
    for k, p in self.db["projects"].iteritems():
      yield k, p

  def get_project(self, project_name, copy=True):
    p = self.db["projects"].get(project_name, None)
    if copy:
      p = deepcopy(p)

    return p

  def is_locked(self):
    return os.path.exists(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.filename), LOCK_FILE))

  def lock(self):
    if not self.is_locked():
      f = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.filename), LOCK_FILE), "w")
      f.close()

  def unlock(self):
    if self.is_locked():
      os.remove(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.filename), LOCK_FILE))
      self.console = None

  def update_project(self, project_name, person):
    with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
      project = self.get_project(project_name, copy=False)
      project["last_updated"] = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
      project["last_updated_by"] = person
      json.dump(self.db, f, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))

  def get_commit(self, project_name):
    p = self.get_project(project_name)
    return subprocess.check_output(["git", "rev-parse", "HEAD"], cwd=p["app_folder"]).strip()

  def run_script(self, project_name, commit):
    self.lock()
    p = self.get_project(project_name)
    # stream this..
    cmd = deepcopy(p["script"])
    cmd.append(commit)
    self.console = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, cwd=os.path.dirname(p["script"][0]))

  def stream_console(self):
    if not self.console:
      raise RuntimeError("No console present!")

    while True:
      data = self.console.stdout.readline()
      if len(data) == 0:
        break

      yield "data: {}\n\n".format(data)

    self.console.poll()
    msg = "script exitted with returncode {}".format(self.console.returncode)

    yield "data: {}\n\n".format("="*(len(msg)))
    yield "data: {}\n\n".format(msg)
    yield "data: {}\n\n".format("="*(len(msg)))
    self.unlock()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: check_password
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# https://docs.python.org/3/library/hashlib.html
# https://raw.githubusercontent.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/master/Passwords/Common-Credentials/10-million-password-list-top-10000.txt
# ministry: 3e98ecfa6a4c765c5522f897a4a8de23
# amigos: c2b592488a765722513420108c466524
# password-list-top-10000.txt

import hashlib
import sys
import time

# Colors
RESET, GREEN, RED = '\033[0m', '\033[92m', '\033[91m'

def found(password,count):
  end = time.time() - start
  print('\n{}[+]{} The Password is: {}{}{} found in {:.2f} segs. Processed {}{}{} hashes'.format(GREEN,RESET,GREEN,str(password), RESET, end,GREEN,count,RESET))

def tryOpen(wordlist):
  try:
    global pass_file
    pass_file = open(wordlist, "r")
  except:
    print("[!!] No Such file at That Path!")
    quit()

pass_hash = input("[*] Enter MD5 Hash Value: ")
wordlist = input("[*] Enter Path to the Password File: ")
tryOpen(wordlist)

# Start the crack
start = time.time()

# count the amount of passwords processed
count = 0

for word in pass_file:
  # print("[-] Trying: {} ".format(word.strip('\n')))
  enc_wrd = word.encode('utf-8')
  md5digest = hashlib.md5(enc_wrd.strip()).hexdigest()

  if md5digest == pass_hash:
    found(word.strip(),count)
    # print('[+] Password Found: {} '.format(word.strip()))
    # sys.exit(0)
    quit()
  else:
    print('{}[-]{} Password guess {}{}{} doe not match, trying next...'.format(RED,RESET,RED,str(word.strip()),RESET))
    count = count + 1

print("[!!] Password Not In List")
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) found
  B) tryOpen
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# https://docs.python.org/3/library/hashlib.html
# https://raw.githubusercontent.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/master/Passwords/Common-Credentials/10-million-password-list-top-10000.txt
# ministry: 3e98ecfa6a4c765c5522f897a4a8de23
# amigos: c2b592488a765722513420108c466524
# password-list-top-10000.txt

import hashlib
import sys
import time

# Colors
RESET, GREEN, RED = '\033[0m', '\033[92m', '\033[91m'

def found(password,count):
  end = time.time() - start
  print('\n{}[+]{} The Password is: {}{}{} found in {:.2f} segs. Processed {}{}{} hashes'.format(GREEN,RESET,GREEN,str(password), RESET, end,GREEN,count,RESET))

def tryOpen(wordlist):
  try:
    global pass_file
    pass_file = open(wordlist, "r")
  except:
    print("[!!] No Such file at That Path!")
    quit()

pass_hash = input("[*] Enter MD5 Hash Value: ")
wordlist = input("[*] Enter Path to the Password File: ")
tryOpen(wordlist)

# Start the crack
start = time.time()

# count the amount of passwords processed
count = 0

for word in pass_file:
  # print("[-] Trying: {} ".format(word.strip('\n')))
  enc_wrd = word.encode('utf-8')
  md5digest = hashlib.md5(enc_wrd.strip()).hexdigest()

  if md5digest == pass_hash:
    found(word.strip(),count)
    # print('[+] Password Found: {} '.format(word.strip()))
    # sys.exit(0)
    quit()
  else:
    print('{}[-]{} Password guess {}{}{} doe not match, trying next...'.format(RED,RESET,RED,str(word.strip()),RESET))
    count = count + 1

print("[!!] Password Not In List")
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: found
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding: utf-8
import hashlib
import time
import urllib2

# 请替换appkey和secret
import requests
def useproxy(url,headers,postdata=None,post=False):
    appkey = ""
    secret = "c978952ede1661bd5342b34ca0bf561e"
    paramMap = {
        "app_key": appkey,
        "timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")  # 如果你的程序在国外，请进行时区处理
    }
    # 排序
    keys = paramMap.keys()
    keys.sort()

    codes = "%s%s%s" % (secret, str().join('%s%s' % (key, paramMap[key]) for key in keys), secret)
    # 计算签名
    sign = hashlib.md5(codes).hexdigest().upper()
    paramMap["sign"] = sign

    # 拼装请求头Proxy-Authorization的值
    keys = paramMap.keys()
    authHeader = "MYH-AUTH-MD5 " + str('&').join('%s=%s' % (key, paramMap[key]) for key in keys)
    proxy='http://s5.proxy.mayidaili.com:8123'
    # 接下来使用蚂蚁动态代理进行访问
    #target='http://members.3322.org/dyndns/getip'
    headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = authHeader
    if post:
        try:
            r = requests.post(url=url, headers=headers, proxies={'http': proxy},data=postdata)
            #print('in post')
            #print(r.text)
        except Exception as e:
            return None
    else:
        try:
            r=requests.get(url=url,headers=headers,proxies={'http':proxy})
        except Exception as e :
            return None
    return r

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  D) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import komand
from .schema import DemoteInput, DemoteOutput

# Custom imports below
import requests


class Demote(komand.Action):
    def __init__(self):
        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
            name="demote",
            description="Demote admin to ordinary user",
            input=DemoteInput(),
            output=DemoteOutput(),
        )

    def run(self, params={}):
        # init variables
        api_call = self.connection.api_prefix + "/users/" + params.get("user") + "/site_admin"
        try:
            # Promote user
            response = requests.delete(
                api_call,
                verify=False,  # noqa: B501
                auth=(self.connection.username, self.connection.secret),
                headers={"Content-Length": 0},
            )
            if response.headers["Status"].startswith("2"):
                self.logger.info("Demotion successful")
            else:
                self.logger.info("Error occured during demotion: " + response.headers["Status"])
            return {"status": str(response.headers["Status"])}
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            raise e

    def test(self):
        try:
            api_call = self.connection.api_prefix + "/user"
            response = requests.get(
                api_call, auth=(self.connection.username, self.connection.secret), verify=False  # noqa: B501
            )
            if response.status_code == 200:
                return {"status": "Success"}
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            return {"status": "Error"}

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  C) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  F) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import random

from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone

from django.contrib.sites.models import Site

from . import sms
from .signals import phone_confirmed
from .utils import digits_only


class PhoneNumberManager(models.Manager):

    def add_phone(self, user, phone, country_code):
        phone_number, created = self.get_or_create(
            user=user,
            phone_number=phone,
            country_code=country_code
        )
        return phone_number

    def get_primary(self, user):
        try:
            return self.get(user=user, primary=True)
        except ObjectDoesNotExist:
            return None

    def number_exists(self, phone, country_code):
        digits = digits_only(phone=phone, country_code=country_code)
        return self.filter(digits_only=digits).exists()

    def get_by_number(self, phone, country_code):
        digits = digits_only(phone=phone, country_code=country_code)
        return self.get(digits_only=digits)


class PhoneConfirmationManager(models.Manager):

    def confirm_phone(self, confirm_code):
        try:
            confirmation = self.get(confirm_code=confirm_code)
        except self.model.DoesNotExist:
            return None

        if not confirmation.code_expired():
            phone_number = confirmation.phone_number
            phone_number.verified = True
            phone_number.set_as_primary(conditional=True)
            phone_number.save()
            phone_confirmed.send(sender=self.model, phone_number=phone_number)
            return phone_number

    def send_confirmation(self, phone_number):
        salt = hashlib.sha1(str(random.random())).hexdigest()[:5]
        confirm_code = hashlib.sha1(
            (salt + phone_number.phone_number).encode("utf8")
        ).hexdigest()[:5]
        current_site = Site.objects.get_current()

        sms.send_confirmation(
            phone_number.user,
            current_site,
            confirm_code,
            phone_number.digits_only
        )

        return self.create(
            phone_number=phone_number,
            sent=timezone.now(),
            confirm_code=confirm_code
        )

    def delete_expired_confirmations(self):
        for confirmation in self.all():
            if confirmation.code_expired():
                confirmation.delete()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: send_confirmation
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib

from aocd import data as door_id


password1 = ''
password2 = [None]*8
password2_found = False
index = 0
indicies = set()

while not password2_found:
    door_hash = hashlib.md5(f'{door_id}{index}'.encode()).hexdigest()

    if door_hash[:5] == '0'*5:
        if len(password1) != 8:
            password1 += door_hash[5]

        if '0' <= door_hash[5] <= '7' and int(door_hash[5]) not in indicies:
            password2[int(door_hash[5])] = door_hash[6]
            indicies.add(int(door_hash[5]))

        if len(indicies) == 8:
            password2_found = True

    index += 1

print('Part 1:', password1)
print('Part 2:', ''.join(password2))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  C) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  D) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# --------python函数
a = 1.238913
result = round(a,2)
print(result)   # 1.24 会进行4舍5入

# --------函数练习
# 1.实现两个数字的相加
# 2.打印输入的参数

def add(x,y):
    sum = x+y
    return sum
def print_code(code):
    print(code)
# 相加
b = add(1,2)
c = print_code('python')
print(b,c)
# 执行结果
# python
# 3 None
# --解释：
# 第一个python结果是为在定义print_code的时候，就在函数内部输出了print(),
# 所以在调用这个函数的时候就是输出一次
# 3 none 分别是print(b,c)输出的结果，3是函数add return的值
# none是因为函数print_code没有返回值，当用一个变量去接受这个函数的时候就会返回none


# ----一个函数输出多个值

def damage(skill1,skill2):
    damage1 = skill1*3
    damage2 = skill2*2+10
    return damage1,damage2

damages=damage(2,3)

print(damages)  # (6, 16)
# 当函数同时return多个数值的时候，python会将这些数值组成tuple
print(type(damages))    # <class 'tuple'>


# ------元组的解构
damage_skill1,damage_skill2 = damage(3,6)

print(damage_skill1,damage_skill2)  # 9 22

# 元组的解构 元组的简单定义方式
d = 4,5,6
print(type(d))  # <class 'tuple'>
a,b,c = d
# 此时我们输出a，b，c
print(a,b,c)# 4 5 6


# ----------函数的参数：python中形参有多少个对应的实参就要有多少个
# --1.简单传参
# def info(name,gender,age,school):
#     print('我是'+name)
#     print('我是'+gender+'生')
#     print('我今年'+age+'岁')
#     print('我在'+school+'上学')
#
# # 函数可以指定参数进行传参
# info('张三','男','10','光明小学')

# --2.固定参数传参
# def info(name,gender='男',age=10,school='光明小学'):
#     print('我是'+name)
#     print('我是'+gender+'生')
#     print('我今年'+str(age)+'岁')
#     print('我在'+school+'上学')
#
# # 函数可以指定参数进行传参
# info('李四')
# 我是李四
# 我是男生
# 我今年10岁
# 我在光明小学上学

# --3.对固定的参数进行修改
def info(name,gender='男',age=10,school='光明小学'):
    print('我是'+name)
    print('我是'+gender+'生')
    print('我今年'+str(age)+'岁')
    print('我在'+school+'上学')

# 函数可以指定参数进行传参
info('李四',age=13)
#
# 我是李四
# 我是男生
# 我今年13岁
# 我在光明小学上学
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: info
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# --------------------------------------------------------
# object detection restful api
# author:wang lei
# update time:2018-9-21
#  --------------------------------------------------------
import sys

sys.path.append('../')
import cv2
from flask import Flask, jsonify
from flask_restful import Resource, Api
from flask_restful.reqparse import RequestParser
from detector import ObjDetector

app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)

parser = RequestParser()
parser.add_argument('imgpth', type=str, location=['args'], help='image local path')

detector = ObjDetector()


class DetectorServer(Resource):
    def get(self):
        try:
            args = parser.parse_args()
            imgpth = args['imgpth']
            image = cv2.imread(imgpth)
            bboxs = detector(image)

            data = list()
            for label, value in bboxs.items():
                for v in value:
                    box = dict()
                    box['x1'] = str(round(v[0]))
                    box['y1'] = str(round(v[1]))
                    box['x2'] = str(round(v[2]))
                    box['y2'] = str(round(v[3]))
                    box['score'] = str(round(v[4], 2))
                    box['label'] = label
                    data.append(box)
            rest = dict()
            rest['rtnCode'] = '000000'
            rest['rtnMsg'] = 'success'
            rest['rtnData'] = data
            return jsonify(rest)
        except Exception as e:
            return jsonify({'rtnCode': '100000', 'rtnMsg': str(e)})


api.add_resource(DetectorServer, '/objectDetection/')


class HelloWorld(Resource):
    def get(self):
        return {'Object Detection Server API'}


api.add_resource(HelloWorld, '/')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='192.168.9.234', debug=False, threaded=True, port=5000)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: get
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python

import ssl
from urllib import request

from lulu.common import (
    match1,
    url_info,
    get_content,
)
from lulu.extractor import VideoExtractor


class Infoq(VideoExtractor):
    name = 'InfoQ infoq.com'

    stream_types = [
        {'id': 'video'},
        {'id': 'audio'},
        {'id': 'slides'}
    ]

    def prepare(self, **kwargs):
        content = get_content(self.url)
        self.title = match1(content, r'<title>([^<]+)</title>')
        s = match1(content, r'P\.s\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)\'')
        scp = match1(content, r'InfoQConstants\.scp\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)\'')
        scs = match1(content, r'InfoQConstants\.scs\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)\'')
        sck = match1(content, r'InfoQConstants\.sck\s*=\s*\'([^\']+)\'')

        mp3 = match1(content, r'name="filename"\s*value="([^"]+\.mp3)"')
        if mp3:
            mp3 = 'http://res.infoq.com/downloads/mp3downloads/{}'.format(mp3)

        pdf = match1(content, r'name="filename"\s*value="([^"]+\.pdf)"')
        if pdf:
            pdf = 'http://res.infoq.com/downloads/pdfdownloads/{}'.format(pdf)

        # cookie handler
        ssl_context = request.HTTPSHandler(
            context=ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1)
        )
        cookie_handler = request.HTTPCookieProcessor()
        opener = request.build_opener(ssl_context, cookie_handler)
        opener.addheaders = [
            ('Referer', self.url),
            (
                'Cookie',
                'CloudFront-Policy={};CloudFront-Signature={};'
                'CloudFront-Key-Pair-Id={}'.format(scp, scs, sck)
            )
        ]
        request.install_opener(opener)
        if s:
            self.streams['video'] = {'url': s}
        if mp3:
            self.streams['audio'] = {'url': mp3}
        if pdf:
            self.streams['slides'] = {'url': pdf}

    def extract(self, **kwargs):
        for i in self.streams:
            s = self.streams[i]
            _, s['container'], s['size'] = url_info(s['url'])
            s['src'] = [s['url']]


site = Infoq()
download = site.download_by_url
download_playlist = site.download_by_url

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) extract
  B) Infoq
  C) prepare
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
 Created by yan on 2018/9/27 15:14
"""
import os

import filetype
from flask import request, jsonify

import app
from app.web import web

__author__ = 'yan'

basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))

@web.route('/upload',methods=['POST'])
def upload():
    resp = {'code': 200, 'msg': '', 'data': {}}
    file_dir = os.path.join(basedir, app.secure.UPLOAD_FOLDER)
    if not os.path.exists(file_dir):
        os.makedirs(file_dir)
    file = request.files['file']
    filename = file.filename
    file.save(os.path.join(file_dir, filename))  # 保存文件到upload目录
    resp['msg'] = '上传成功'
    return jsonify(resp)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  C) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  F) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from Crypto.Cipher import DES

class MyDESCrypt:
    
    key = chr(11)+chr(11)+chr(11)+chr(11)+chr(11)+chr(11)+chr(11)+chr(11)
    iv = chr(22)+chr(22)+chr(22)+chr(22)+chr(22)+chr(22)+chr(22)+chr(22)
    
    def __init__(self,key='',iv=''):
        if len(key)> 0:
            self.key = key
        if len(iv)>0 :
            self.iv = iv
        
    def ecrypt(self,ecryptText):
       try:
           cipherX = DES.new(self.key, DES.MODE_CBC, self.iv)
           pad = 8 - len(ecryptText) % 8
           padStr = ""
           for i in range(pad):
              padStr = padStr + chr(pad)
           ecryptText = ecryptText + padStr
           x = cipherX.encrypt(ecryptText)
           return x.encode('hex_codec').upper()
       except:
           return ""
      
   
    def decrypt(self,decryptText):
        try:
            
            cipherX = DES.new(self.key, DES.MODE_CBC, self.iv)
            str = decryptText.decode('hex_codec')
            y = cipherX.decrypt(str)
            return y[0:ord(y[len(y)-1])*-1]
        except:
            return ""
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  C) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  D) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json
from flask import Flask, request, Response, send_from_directory, redirect, flash
from flask_login import LoginManager, current_user, login_user
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, BooleanField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired
from ..models import User



class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
    username = StringField('Username', validators=[DataRequired()])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
    remember_me = BooleanField('Remember Me')
    submit = SubmitField('Sign In')



def create_user_routes(server):
    @server.login.user_loader
    def load_user(id):
        return User.query.get(int(id))

    @server.app.route(f'/{server.api_version}/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
    def login():
        form = LoginForm()
        nxt = request.args.get('next')
        if form.validate_on_submit():
            user = User()
            login_user(user)
            flash('Logged in successfully.')
        return redirect(nxt or '/')

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  B) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  C) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  D) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json
from flask import Flask, request, Response, send_from_directory, redirect, flash
from flask_login import LoginManager, current_user, login_user
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, BooleanField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired
from ..models import User



class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
    username = StringField('Username', validators=[DataRequired()])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
    remember_me = BooleanField('Remember Me')
    submit = SubmitField('Sign In')



def create_user_routes(server):
    @server.login.user_loader
    def load_user(id):
        return User.query.get(int(id))

    @server.app.route(f'/{server.api_version}/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
    def login():
        form = LoginForm()
        nxt = request.args.get('next')
        if form.validate_on_submit():
            user = User()
            login_user(user)
            flash('Logged in successfully.')
        return redirect(nxt or '/')

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability?

  A) login
  B) load_user
  C) LoginForm
  D) create_user_routes
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import json
from flask import Flask, request, Response, send_from_directory, redirect, flash
from flask_login import LoginManager, current_user, login_user
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, BooleanField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired
from ..models import User



class LoginForm(FlaskForm):
    username = StringField('Username', validators=[DataRequired()])
    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=[DataRequired()])
    remember_me = BooleanField('Remember Me')
    submit = SubmitField('Sign In')



def create_user_routes(server):
    @server.login.user_loader
    def load_user(id):
        return User.query.get(int(id))

    @server.app.route(f'/{server.api_version}/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
    def login():
        form = LoginForm()
        nxt = request.args.get('next')
        if form.validate_on_submit():
            user = User()
            login_user(user)
            flash('Logged in successfully.')
        return redirect(nxt or '/')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: login