OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os

from flask import Flask, request, make_response, redirect, url_for, send_from_directory
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename

from convert import convert_file
from cleanup import cleanup


with open('template.html', 'r') as inp:
    template = inp.read()


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['upload_folder'] = '../uploads'


@app.route('/upload', methods=['POST'])
def upload_file():
    # check if the post request has the file part
    if 'file' not in request.files:
        resp = make_response('No file provided', 400)
        return resp
    file = request.files['file']
    # if user does not select file, browser also
    # submit an empty part without filename
    if file.filename == '':
        resp = make_response('No file provided', 400)
        return resp
    if file and file.filename.lower().endswith('.docx'):
        filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
        file.save(os.path.join(app.config['upload_folder'], filename))
        # Try to convert the file; redirect to success/fail page
        try:
            filename = convert_file(filename)
            filename = cleanup(filename)
            return redirect(url_for('converted_file', filename=filename))
        except Exception as e:
            return redirect(url_for('conversion_failure', error=e))
    else:
        resp = make_response(
            f'Неправильный тип файла (требуется .docx): {file.filename}', 400)
        return resp


@app.route('/result/<filename>', methods=['GET'])
def converted_file(filename):
    download_url = url_for('download_file', filename=filename)
    home_url = url_for('landing')
    return template.format(
        body=f'''<p>Файл был успешно конвертирован: <a href="{download_url}">{filename}</a></p>
<p><a href="{home_url}">Конвертировать другой файл</a>.</p>''')


@app.route('/download/<filename>', methods=['GET'])
def download_file(filename):
    path = os.path.join('..', 'converted')
    if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, filename)):
        return make_response('File not found', 404)
    return send_from_directory(path, filename)


@app.route('/failure/<filename>', methods=['GET'])
def conversion_failure(error):
    return template.format(body=f'Ошибка конвертации ({error})')


@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def landing():
    return template.format(body="""<h1>Загрузите файл в формате .docx</h1>
    <form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/upload">
      <input type="file" name="file">
      <input type="submit" value="Загрузить">
    </form>""")

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: download_file
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import csv


sortie = open("output.csv", "a")

with open('donnees-nantes.csv', 'rb') as f:
	csvfile = csv.reader(f, delimiter=';')
	for row in csvfile:
		line = ','.join(row)
		latitudeDMS = line.split(',')[0].replace("N","")
		longitudeDMS = line.split(',')[1].replace("O","").replace("W","")
		print("LatitudeDMS = "+latitudeDMS+"\n"+"LongitudeDMS = "+longitudeDMS+"\n")
		if (line.startswith(',') or line.find("°") == -1):
			sortie.write(line+"\n")
		else:
			#Get latitude value from XX°YY'ZZZ"
			lat1 = latitudeDMS.replace('"','').split('°')[0] #XX
			lat2 = latitudeDMS.replace('"','').split("'")[0].split("°")[1] #YY
			lat3 = latitudeDMS.replace('"','').split("'")[1] #ZZZ
			#Get longitude value
			long1 = longitudeDMS.replace('"','').split('°')[0]
			long2 = longitudeDMS.replace('"','').split("'")[0].split("°")[1]
			long3 = longitudeDMS.replace('"','').split("'")[1]
			#Convert DMS to DD
			latDD = float(lat1)+float(lat2)/60+float(lat3)/3600
			longDD = float(long1)+float(long2)/60+float(long3)/3600
			sortie.write(str(latDD)+","+"-"+str(longDD)+"\n")
			

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  E) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from faker import Factory
from random import random, randint
from datetime import date, timedelta
import psycopg2
import getpass
from decimal import Decimal
import bcrypt

ff = Factory.create()

def generate_users(cursor):
  min_users = 10
  max_users = 100

  num_users = randint(min_users, max_users)

  ofile = open('users.txt', 'a')

  for _ in xrange(num_users):
    name     = ff.name()
    email    = ff.email()
    username = ff.user_name()
    jdate    = date.today() - timedelta(days=randint(5,100))

    # print name, email, jdate,

    min_sample = 20
    max_sample = 100
    num_sample = randint( min_sample, max_sample )

    user_cmd = """
      INSERT INTO users ( name, email, username, joindate, passhash )
      VALUES ( %s, %s, %s, %s, %s );
      """

    password = ff.password().encode('utf-8')
    passhash = bcrypt.hashpw(password, bcrypt.gensalt())

    ofile.write("{} => {} => {}\n".format(email, password, passhash))

    cursor.execute( user_cmd, [ name, email, username, jdate, passhash ] )

    # Get userid
    id_fetch_cmd = """
      SELECT * from users where email = %s;
      """

    cursor.execute( id_fetch_cmd, [ email ] )
    users = cursor.fetchall()
    assert len( users ) == 1
    userid = users[0][0]

    # Weights for the users
    max_wgt = float(randint( 120, 200 ))
    min_wgt = float(randint( 120, max_wgt ))
    
    # weight cmd
    wgt_cmd = """
      INSERT INTO weights ( user_id, weight_lbs, measure_date )
      VALUES ( %s, %s, %s );
      """

    for samp in xrange(num_sample):
      weight = float(max_wgt) - ( ( max_wgt - min_wgt ) * ( float(samp) / num_sample ) + ( 2 * random() ) )
      weight = Decimal( "%.2f" % weight )
      wdate  = jdate + timedelta(days=samp)
      # print wdate, weight, " > "
      cursor.execute( wgt_cmd, [ userid, weight, wdate ] )      

    # print ""

  ofile.close()

db = "wate"

with psycopg2.connect( dbname=db, user=getpass.getuser(), password=getpass.getpass("Password for user {}: ".format(getpass.getuser()))) as conn:
  with conn.cursor() as cur:
    generate_users(cur)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  B) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  C) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  D) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import re

import jieba
import pymysql
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import RGBColor


def cutword(word, baike):
    word = re.sub(r"[0-9\s+\.\!\/_,$%^*()?;；:-【】+\"\']+|[——！，;:。？、~@#￥%……&*（）]+", "", word)
    baike = re.sub(r"[0-9\s+\.\!\/_,$%^*()?;；:-【】+\"\']+|[——！，;:。？、~@#￥%……&*（）]+", "", baike)
    seg_list = jieba.cut(word)
    line = []
    i = 0
    for str in seg_list:
        line.append(str)
    baike_list = jieba.cut(baike)
    line2 = []
    for str in baike_list:
        line2.append(str)
    both = set(line).intersection(set(line2))
    return both


def get_content():
    document = Document()

    document.add_heading('热词查重文档', 0)
    p = document.add_paragraph('查重人员：高得健')
    p.add_run('2019.04.08').italic = True
    p = document.add_paragraph('查重依据：百度文库，维基百科，期刊杂志')
    document.add_paragraph('查重词条数：2500')
    document.add_paragraph('查重率：0.06----%6.2')
    document.add_paragraph('日期二零一九年四月八日')

    conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", user="root", passwd="123456", db="hot", charset="utf8")
    cursor = conn.cursor()
    sql = "select word,content,segment,baike from hotword"
    cursor.execute(sql)
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        document.add_heading(
            row[0], 3
        )
        str=row[2]
        pt=str.split()
        word = cutword(row[1], row[3])
        document.add_paragraph("文库内容：")
        document.add_paragraph(row[3])
        document.add_paragraph("文档内容：")
        p = document.add_paragraph("")
        for oneword in pt:
            if oneword in word:
                run = p.add_run(oneword)
                run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(250, 0, 0)
            else:
                p.add_run(oneword)
    conn.close()
    document.save('demo2.docx')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    get_content()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  B) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  C) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  D) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.utils import timezone
from .models import Post
from markdown import markdown
import re
# Create your views here.

def striphtml(data):
    p = re.compile(r'<.*?>')
    return p.sub('', data).replace('\n', ' ')

def post_view(request, post_id):
	post = get_object_or_404(Post, id=post_id)
	template = "blog/post_view.html"
	# Only give editing permissions to the author of that post (or the admin)
	if request.user == post.author or request.user.is_superuser:
		template = "blog/post_view_editable.html"

	if request.method == "POST":
		if request.user == post.author or request.user.is_superuser:
			edit_text = request.POST['text']
			post.markdown_text = edit_text
			post.html_text = markdown(post.markdown_text, safe_mode='escape', extensions=['magic'])
			post.save()

	context = {'post' : post, 'user' : request.user}
	return render(request, template, context=context)

def index(request):
	posts = sorted(Post.objects.all(), key=lambda x: x.pub_date, reverse=True)
	summaries = []
	for post in posts:
		summary = striphtml(post.html_text)[:400]
		summaries.append(summary)
	posts_zip = list(zip(posts, summaries))
	context = {'posts' : posts_zip, 'user' : request.user}
	return render(request, 'blog/index.html', context=context)

@login_required(login_url = '/login/')
def create_post(request):
	if request.method == 'POST':
		post = Post()
		post.title = request.POST['title']
		post.author = request.user
		post.pub_date = timezone.now()
		post.markdown_text = request.POST['text']
		post.html_text = markdown(post.markdown_text, safe_mode='escape', extensions=['magic'])
		post.save()
		return HttpResponseRedirect('/posts/' + str(post.id) + '/')
	context = {'user' : request.user}
	return render(request, 'blog/create_post.html', context=context)

def login_page(request):
	if request.user.is_authenticated():
		return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

	if request.method == 'POST':
		username = request.POST['username']
		password = request.POST['password']
		user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
		print(user, username, password)
		if user is not None:
			login(request, user)
			return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
		else:
			return render(request, 'blog/login.html')
	return render(request, 'blog/login.html')

def logout_page(request):
	logout(request)
	return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: login_page
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import logging

from config.spring import create_config_client
from flask import Flask, render_template, flash, request
from wtforms import Form, TextField, TextAreaField, validators, StringField, SubmitField

import grpc
import tensorflow as tf


from tensorflow_serving.apis import predict_pb2
from tensorflow_serving.apis import prediction_service_pb2_grpc

DEBUG = True
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'you_have_to_have_some_secret_for_validation'


class SentimentForm(Form):
    text = StringField('Review Text:', validators=[validators.required()])
    channel = grpc.insecure_channel("localhost:8500")

    @app.route("/", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
    def hello():
        form = SentimentForm(request.form)
        if request.method == 'POST':
            text = request.form['text']
            logging.debug(text)

        if form.validate():
            # Save the comment here.
            positive_prob = SentimentForm.analyze_sentiment(text)
            message = SentimentForm.message_for_sentiment(positive_prob)
            flash('Thanks for the review: {}'.format(message))
        else:
            logging.debug("Something wrong: {}".format(form.errors))
            flash('Something is wrong with the form')

        return render_template('index.jinja2', form=form)

    @staticmethod
    def message_for_sentiment(positive_prob):
        c = create_config_client(profile="training,serving",
                                 app_name="sentiment")
        if positive_prob > c.config['serving']['voucher_threshold']:
            return "it is very useful!"
        else:
            return "please enjoy a discount of 5% for your next purchase"

    @staticmethod
    def analyze_sentiment(text):
        stub = prediction_service_pb2_grpc.PredictionServiceStub(SentimentForm.channel)
        request = predict_pb2.PredictRequest()
        request.model_spec.name = 'my_model'
        request.model_spec.signature_name = 'serving_default'
        ###request.model_spec.version = 0 # Can use this for A/B testing
        text_proto = tf.compat.v1.make_tensor_proto(text)
        request.inputs['inputs'].CopyFrom(text_proto)
        response = stub.Predict(request)
        scores = tf.make_ndarray(response.outputs['scores'])
        positive_prob = scores[0][1]
        return positive_prob



if __name__ == "__main__":
    c = create_config_client(profile="serving",
                             app_name="sentiment")
    c.get_config() # initialize once
    app.run()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: hello
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/python

'''
	BetterParse
	
	Author: Sebastian 'Sebass' Ausitn
	Email: pensec31337@gmail.com
'''
import re
import os
import sys, traceback

def main():
	try:
		if (sys.argv[1] == None):
			filePath = raw_input("Enter the path to Bettercap output log: ")
		else:
			filePath  = sys.argv[1]
			if not (os.path.isfile(filePath)):
				print "File does not exists!"
				sys.exit(0)
			string = open (filePath).read()
			newStr = re.sub('[^a-zA-Z0-9.-[]\n\.]', ' ', string)
			delete_list = ["bettercap", '^', ";" , " _          _   _" , "|" ,"\ " , '`' , "1.5.6"]
			fin = filePath
			fileExists = os.path.isfile("Bettercap Cleaned.txt")
			if (fileExists):
				print "File already exist!"
				print "Outputting to Bettercap Cleaned(1).txt"
				fout = open("Bettercap Cleaned(1).txt", 'w')
				fout.write(newStr)
				for line in fin:
					for word in delete_list:
						line = line.replace(word, "")
					fout.write(line)
				fout.close()
			else: 
				print "Outputting to Bettercap Cleaned..."
				foutO = open("Bettercap Cleaned.txt" , 'w')
				foutO.write(newStr)
				for line in fin:
					for word in delete_list:
						line = line.replace(word, "")
					foutO.write(line)
				foutO.close()
	except KeyboardInterrupt:
			print "Shutdown requested...exiting"
	except Exception:
			print traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)
			sys.exit(0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  B) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  C) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  D) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# 创建一个人事系统类
class hrSystem:
    # 创建存储员工名字的变量 name
    name = ''
    # 创建存储员工工资的变量 salary
    salary = 0
    # 创建存储员工绩效的变量 kpi
    kpi = 0

# 定义录入员工信息的类方法
    @classmethod
    def record(cls, name, salary, kpi):
        cls.name = name
        cls.salary = salary
        cls.kpi = kpi

    @classmethod
    def check_name(cls):

        if cls.name in ['bob', 'candy', 'jon', 'kelly']:
            print('录入正确')
            return 1
        else:
            print('录入错误！'+cls.name+'不是本公司员工')
            return 0

#定义打印员工信息的类方法
    @classmethod
    def print_record(cls):
        if cls.check_name():  # 以 cls.check_name() 的返回值（0或1）作为判断条件。
            print(cls.name + '的工作信息如下：')
            print('本月工资：' + str(cls.salary))
            print('本年绩效：' + str(cls.kpi))
        else:
            print('录入错误！'+cls.name +'不是本公司员工')

    @classmethod
    def kpi_reward(cls):
        if cls.kpi > 95:
            print('恭喜'+cls.name+'评为最佳员工')
        elif 80<= cls.kpi <= 95:
            print('恭喜'+cls.name+'评为优秀员工')
        else:
            print(cls.name+'一般员工，没有奖杯')

hrSystem.record('bob',2000,98)
hrSystem.print_record()

#homework2
class calendar():
    day = {'给父母买礼物':'9：00','学习':'10：00','和朋友聚会':'18：30'}

    @classmethod
    def new(cls):
        del cls.day['给父母买礼物']
        cls.day['写日记'] = '20:00'
        print(cls.day)
calendar.new()






```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  F) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from datetime import datetime
from flask import Flask
import os
from pardal import get_logger
from peewee import DateTimeField, CharField
from playhouse.flask_utils import FlaskDB


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'super secret key'
app.config['DATABASE'] = f'sqlite:///pardal.db'

db_wrapper = FlaskDB(app)
logger = get_logger(__name__)

API_ADDRESS = f"{os.getenv('HOST', 'http://0.0.0.0')}:" \
              f"{os.getenv('PORT', '6001')}"


class AuthToken(db_wrapper.Model):
    created = DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
    updated = DateTimeField(null=True)
    oauth_token = CharField()
    oauth_token_secret = CharField()
    username = CharField()

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.id:
            self.updated = datetime.now()
        return super(AuthToken, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def print(self):
        print(f'{self.username}\n'
              f'{self.oauth_token}\n'
              f'{self.oauth_token_secret}\n'
              f'{self.created}')


def initialize_db():
    if not db_wrapper.database.table_exists('AuthToken'):
        db_wrapper.database.create_tables([AuthToken], safe=True)
    logger.info('DB initialized')


@app.cli.command()
def initdb():
    initialize_db()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  E) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from datetime import datetime
from flask import Flask
import os
from pardal import get_logger
from peewee import DateTimeField, CharField
from playhouse.flask_utils import FlaskDB


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'super secret key'
app.config['DATABASE'] = f'sqlite:///pardal.db'

db_wrapper = FlaskDB(app)
logger = get_logger(__name__)

API_ADDRESS = f"{os.getenv('HOST', 'http://0.0.0.0')}:" \
              f"{os.getenv('PORT', '6001')}"


class AuthToken(db_wrapper.Model):
    created = DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
    updated = DateTimeField(null=True)
    oauth_token = CharField()
    oauth_token_secret = CharField()
    username = CharField()

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.id:
            self.updated = datetime.now()
        return super(AuthToken, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def print(self):
        print(f'{self.username}\n'
              f'{self.oauth_token}\n'
              f'{self.oauth_token_secret}\n'
              f'{self.created}')


def initialize_db():
    if not db_wrapper.database.table_exists('AuthToken'):
        db_wrapper.database.create_tables([AuthToken], safe=True)
    logger.info('DB initialized')


@app.cli.command()
def initdb():
    initialize_db()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) initdb
  B) initialize_db
  C) save
  D) print
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from datetime import datetime
from flask import Flask
import os
from pardal import get_logger
from peewee import DateTimeField, CharField
from playhouse.flask_utils import FlaskDB


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'super secret key'
app.config['DATABASE'] = f'sqlite:///pardal.db'

db_wrapper = FlaskDB(app)
logger = get_logger(__name__)

API_ADDRESS = f"{os.getenv('HOST', 'http://0.0.0.0')}:" \
              f"{os.getenv('PORT', '6001')}"


class AuthToken(db_wrapper.Model):
    created = DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
    updated = DateTimeField(null=True)
    oauth_token = CharField()
    oauth_token_secret = CharField()
    username = CharField()

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.id:
            self.updated = datetime.now()
        return super(AuthToken, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def print(self):
        print(f'{self.username}\n'
              f'{self.oauth_token}\n'
              f'{self.oauth_token_secret}\n'
              f'{self.created}')


def initialize_db():
    if not db_wrapper.database.table_exists('AuthToken'):
        db_wrapper.database.create_tables([AuthToken], safe=True)
    logger.info('DB initialized')


@app.cli.command()
def initdb():
    initialize_db()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: print
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, flash
import os
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
import getpreds

upload_folder = 'static'
allowed_extensions = ['jpeg' ,'jpg', 'png']

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['upload_folder'] = upload_folder
app.config["ALLOWED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS"] = ["JPEG", "JPG", "PNG", "GIF"]

def allowed_filename(filename):
	if not "." in filename:
		return False
	ext = filename.rsplit(".", 1)[1]
	if ext.upper() in app.config["ALLOWED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS"]:
		return True
	else:
		return False


@app.route('/about')
def about():
	return render_template('about.html')

@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def upload():
	if request.method == 'POST':
		if 'file' not in request.files:
			flash('No file part')
			return redirect(request.url)
		file = request.files['file']
		if file.filename == '':
			flash('No selected file')
			return redirect(request.url)
		if file and allowed_filename(file.filename):
			filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
			img_loc = os.path.join(app.config['upload_folder'], filename)
			file = request.files['file']
			file.save(upload_folder+'\\'+'snek.jpg')
			print(img_loc)
			# os.chdir(upload_folder)
			# os.rename(filename,'snek.jpg')
			species = getpreds.get_item(upload_folder+'\\'+'snek.jpg')
			print(species)
			return render_template('upload_image.html', label=species, imgloc='../static/'+'snek.jpg' )#, imagesource=upload_folder+'\\'+filename)   
	return render_template("upload_image.html", imgloc='../static/'+'snek.jpg')	

if __name__ == "__main__":
	app.run(debug=True)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability?

  A) allowed_filename
  B) upload
  C) about
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, flash
import os
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
import getpreds

upload_folder = 'static'
allowed_extensions = ['jpeg' ,'jpg', 'png']

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['upload_folder'] = upload_folder
app.config["ALLOWED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS"] = ["JPEG", "JPG", "PNG", "GIF"]

def allowed_filename(filename):
	if not "." in filename:
		return False
	ext = filename.rsplit(".", 1)[1]
	if ext.upper() in app.config["ALLOWED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS"]:
		return True
	else:
		return False


@app.route('/about')
def about():
	return render_template('about.html')

@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def upload():
	if request.method == 'POST':
		if 'file' not in request.files:
			flash('No file part')
			return redirect(request.url)
		file = request.files['file']
		if file.filename == '':
			flash('No selected file')
			return redirect(request.url)
		if file and allowed_filename(file.filename):
			filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
			img_loc = os.path.join(app.config['upload_folder'], filename)
			file = request.files['file']
			file.save(upload_folder+'\\'+'snek.jpg')
			print(img_loc)
			# os.chdir(upload_folder)
			# os.rename(filename,'snek.jpg')
			species = getpreds.get_item(upload_folder+'\\'+'snek.jpg')
			print(species)
			return render_template('upload_image.html', label=species, imgloc='../static/'+'snek.jpg' )#, imagesource=upload_folder+'\\'+filename)   
	return render_template("upload_image.html", imgloc='../static/'+'snek.jpg')	

if __name__ == "__main__":
	app.run(debug=True)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')` vulnerability.
Answer: upload
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib

from api_token.models import Token


def create_token(request):
    """トークンを作成
    """
    username = request.user.username
    email = request.user.email
    hs = hashlib.md5((username + email).encode()).hexdigest()

    return Token.objects.create(token=hs, user=request.user)


def has_token(request):
    """ユーザーがトークンを持つかどうかをboolで返す
    """
    return hasattr(request.user, 'token')


def check_valid_token(request):
    """
    トークンが正しいか検証
    リクエストヘッダにトークンが含まれていない場合Noneを返す
    """
    hd_token = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION')

    if hd_token is None:
        return

    if 'Token ' in hd_token:
        hd_token = hd_token.replace('Token ', '')
    elif 'Bearer ' in hd_token:
        hd_token = hd_token.replace('Bearer ', '')
    else:
        return False

    return request.user.token.token == hd_token

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) has_token
  B) check_valid_token
  C) create_token
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib

from api_token.models import Token


def create_token(request):
    """トークンを作成
    """
    username = request.user.username
    email = request.user.email
    hs = hashlib.md5((username + email).encode()).hexdigest()

    return Token.objects.create(token=hs, user=request.user)


def has_token(request):
    """ユーザーがトークンを持つかどうかをboolで返す
    """
    return hasattr(request.user, 'token')


def check_valid_token(request):
    """
    トークンが正しいか検証
    リクエストヘッダにトークンが含まれていない場合Noneを返す
    """
    hd_token = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION')

    if hd_token is None:
        return

    if 'Token ' in hd_token:
        hd_token = hd_token.replace('Token ', '')
    elif 'Bearer ' in hd_token:
        hd_token = hd_token.replace('Bearer ', '')
    else:
        return False

    return request.user.token.token == hd_token

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: create_token
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import time


class CtAquarium:

    def __init__(self, emp_name, count_no, entries_val):
        self.store_name = "CT AQUARIUM"
        self.assoc_name = emp_name
        self.phone_no = "8608758562"
        self.curr_time = time.strftime("REG %m-%d-%Y %H:%M")
        self.counter_no = count_no
        self.entries_val = entries_val

        return

    def head_label(self):
        print(self.store_name)
        print("TEL:", self.phone_no)
        print("COME AGAIN\n")
        return

    def date_label(self):
        print(self.curr_time)
        print("Associate:", self.assoc_name, " ", "Counter:", self.counter_no)
        return

    def bill_section(self):
        # print("Quantity\tProduct\tAmount")
        # print(self.entries_val)
        for key, values in self.entries_val.items():
            # print(key, "\t", values['quantity'], "\t", values['price'], "\t", values['amount'])
            print(values['quantity'], "\t", key, "\t\t", '${:,.2f}'.format(values['amount']))
        return

    def foot_label(self):
        print("\n")
        print(self.store_name)
        return


assoc_name = input("Enter the Associate Name:\n>>")
counter_no = input("Enter the Counter No:\n>>")

prod_details = dict()
prod_list = []
print("Please enter the product details!Press \"Enter\" to continue and \"Q\" to exit the data entry")

while True:
    prod_name = input("Enter the product name:\n>>")
    prod_list.append(prod_name)

    prod_count = int(input("Enter the Quantity:\n>>"))
    prod_details.setdefault(prod_name, {}).setdefault('quantity',prod_count)

    prod_price = float(input("Enter the Amount:\n>>"))
    prod_details.setdefault(prod_name, {}).setdefault('price',prod_price)

    calc_amount = round((prod_count * prod_price), 2)

    prod_details.setdefault(prod_name, {}).setdefault('amount',calc_amount)

    quit_key = input(">>")

    if quit_key.lower() == "q":
        break


CTA = CtAquarium(assoc_name, counter_no, prod_details)

# for key, values in prod_details.items():
#     print(key)
#     print(values)

CTA.head_label()
CTA.date_label()
CTA.bill_section()
CTA.foot_label()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  B) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  C) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  D) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  E) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
import logging
import sys

from deepcubes.models import Sentiment

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
    print("Format: <path_to_model>")
    sys.exit()

logger = logging.getLogger("SentimentService")
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

# create the logging file handler
handler = logging.FileHandler("scripts/logs/sentiment_service.log")
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s | %(levelname)s | %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)

logger.info("Started Sentiment Server...")

try:
    model = Sentiment.load(sys.argv[1])
except Exception:
    print("Error while loading the model")
    _, exc_obj, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
    logger.error("line {}, {}".format(exc_tb.tb_lineno, exc_obj))
    sys.exit()

logger.info("Sentiment model has been loaded.")
logger.info("Prepare Flask app...")

app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route("/sentiment", methods=["GET"])
def sentiment():
    try:
        if request.method != "GET" or "query" not in request.args:
            logger.error("Received invalid request")
            return jsonify({
                "message": "Sent GET query with `query` keys",
            })

        logger.info("Received {} `sentiment` request from {}".format(
            request.method, request.remote_addr
        ))

        query = request.args.get("query")
        positive_proba = float(model(query))

        return jsonify({'positive_proba': positive_proba})

    except Exception:
        _, exc_obj, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
        logger.error("line {}, {}".format(exc_tb.tb_lineno, exc_obj))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=3342, debug=False)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  C) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  D) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  E) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import render_template, jsonify, Flask, redirect, url_for, request
import random
import os
import numpy as np
from keras.applications.mobilenet import MobileNet 
from keras.preprocessing import image
from keras.applications.mobilenet import preprocess_input, decode_predictions
from keras.models import model_from_json
import keras
from keras import backend as K
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename



UPLOAD_FOLDER = 'F:/Sonal/Skin-Lesian-Analyzer/assets'
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = {'txt', 'pdf', 'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'}


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 16 * 1024 * 1024


SKIN_CLASSES = {
  0: 'Actinic Keratoses (Solar Keratoses) or intraepithelial Carcinoma (Bowen’s disease)',
  1: 'Basal Cell Carcinoma',
  2: 'Benign Keratosis',
  3: 'Dermatofibroma',
  4: 'Melanoma',
  5: 'Melanocytic Nevi',
  6: 'Vascular skin lesion'

}

def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1].lower() in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html', title='Home')

@app.route('/uploaded', methods = ['GET', 'POST'])
def upload_file():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        f = request.files['file']
        if f and allowed_file(f.filename):
            filename = secure_filename(f.filename)
            path='static/data/'+f.filename
            f.save(path)
        j_file = open('modelnew.json', 'r')
        loaded_json_model = j_file.read()
        j_file.close()
        model = model_from_json(loaded_json_model)
        model.load_weights('modelnew.h5')
        img1 = image.load_img("F:/Sonal/skin-disease-detection/static/data/bcc.jpg",target_size=(224,224))
        img1 = np.array(img1)
        img1 = img1.reshape((1,224,224,3))
        img1 = img1/255
        prediction = model.predict(img1)
        pred = np.argmax(prediction)
        disease = SKIN_CLASSES[pred]
        accuracy = prediction[0][pred]
        K.clear_session()
    return render_template('uploaded.html', title='Success', predictions=disease, acc=accuracy*100, img_file=f.filename)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True)
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) index
  B) upload_file
  C) allowed_file
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import hashlib
# import sys
import os

## sending requests to api for data exchange
def request_data_api(querystring):
	url = 'https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/' + querystring  ## first five characters of SHA1 encryption for k-anonymity used by api
	res = requests.get(url)
	# if status_Code == 400 $client_error or 500 == server_error ~ req not found on server
	if res.status_code != 200:
		raise RuntimeError(f'server responded with errorcode {res.status_code}')
	return res

def check_api_response(hashes, hash_to_check):
	hashes = (line.split(':') for line in hashes.text.splitlines())

	for h, count in hashes:
		if h == hash_to_check:
			return count
	return 0

def pwned_api_check(password):
	## converting the string to SHA1 encryption for anonymity and as a requirement from api
	sha1password = hashlib.sha1(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest().upper()
	head, tail = sha1password[:5], sha1password[5:]
	response = request_data_api(head)
	return check_api_response(response, tail)

## for use with command line

# def main(args):
# 	for password in args:
# 		count = pwned_api_check(password)
# 		if count:
# 			print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
# 		else:
# 			print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

# main(sys.argv[1:])

## use with a text file
## recommended (procedure below)

def main():
	for file in os.listdir('./'):
		if file.endswith('.txt'):
			pass_file = open(file)
			pass_list = (password.replace('\n', '') for password in pass_file.readlines())
			for password in pass_list:
				count = pwned_api_check(password)
				if count:
					print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
				else:
					print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

		return 'NO FILE FOUND'

main()
			

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) check_api_response
  B) main
  C) request_data_api
  D) pwned_api_check
Answer: B