OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

import re
import glob


# A quick-and-dirty script to check that for each URL, the script name matches
# the expected value, and that for each script, the corresponding database_url
# and CSV files are used.


SCRIPTS = glob.glob("proc_*.py")


def squeeze_hyphens(s):
    return "_".join(filter(bool, s.split('-')))


def scriptnames(url):
    filename = url.split('=')[1].split('&')[0]
    root = filename.split('.')[0]

    if "MAY" in root or "NOV" in root:
        return [
            "proc_" + root + "_adjusted.py",
            "proc_" + root + "_original.py",
        ]
    else:
        return ["proc_" + squeeze_hyphens(root) + ".py"]


def check_url(url):
    for s in scriptnames(url):
        assert s in SCRIPTS, url

        with open(s, "r") as f:
            for line in f:
                if line.startswith("with open"):
                    check_csv(line, url, s)
                elif "www.conference-board.org" in line:
                    check_dl_link(line, url, s)
                elif line.startswith("fps ="):
                    check_glob_csv(line, url, s)


def check_csv(line, url, scriptname):
    csv = scriptname.replace(".py", ".csv").replace("proc_", "")
    assert csv in line, (scriptname, csv, line)


def check_dl_link(line, url, scriptname):
    assert url in line, (scriptname, url, line)


def check_glob_csv(line, url, scriptname):
    filename = url.split('=')[1].split('&')[0]
    root = filename.split('.')[0]
    assert root in line, (scriptname, root, line)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    with open("urls", "r") as f:
        for line in f:
            url = line.strip()
            check_url(url)
    print("Done.")

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  B) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

import re
import glob


# A quick-and-dirty script to check that for each URL, the script name matches
# the expected value, and that for each script, the corresponding database_url
# and CSV files are used.


SCRIPTS = glob.glob("proc_*.py")


def squeeze_hyphens(s):
    return "_".join(filter(bool, s.split('-')))


def scriptnames(url):
    filename = url.split('=')[1].split('&')[0]
    root = filename.split('.')[0]

    if "MAY" in root or "NOV" in root:
        return [
            "proc_" + root + "_adjusted.py",
            "proc_" + root + "_original.py",
        ]
    else:
        return ["proc_" + squeeze_hyphens(root) + ".py"]


def check_url(url):
    for s in scriptnames(url):
        assert s in SCRIPTS, url

        with open(s, "r") as f:
            for line in f:
                if line.startswith("with open"):
                    check_csv(line, url, s)
                elif "www.conference-board.org" in line:
                    check_dl_link(line, url, s)
                elif line.startswith("fps ="):
                    check_glob_csv(line, url, s)


def check_csv(line, url, scriptname):
    csv = scriptname.replace(".py", ".csv").replace("proc_", "")
    assert csv in line, (scriptname, csv, line)


def check_dl_link(line, url, scriptname):
    assert url in line, (scriptname, url, line)


def check_glob_csv(line, url, scriptname):
    filename = url.split('=')[1].split('&')[0]
    root = filename.split('.')[0]
    assert root in line, (scriptname, root, line)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    with open("urls", "r") as f:
        for line in f:
            url = line.strip()
            check_url(url)
    print("Done.")

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) check_csv
  B) check_url
  C) scriptnames
  D) check_dl_link
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""Templating abstraction around jinja2 for Planemo."""
try:
    from jinja2 import Template
except ImportError:
    Template = None  # type: ignore

NO_JINJA2_MESSAGE = (
    "This functionality requires Jinja2 but this library is " "unavailable. Install with `pip install jinja2`."
)


def render(template_str: str, **kwds):
    """Use jinja2 to render specified template."""
    if Template is None:
        raise Exception(NO_JINJA2_MESSAGE)
    template = Template(template_str)
    contents = template.render(**kwds)
    return contents

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  C) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  D) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  E) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from __future__ import absolute_import

import os
import bagit
import tarfile
import hdfs
import shutil

# import the Celery app context
from crawl.celery import app
from crawl.celery import cfg

# Set up drop/watched folder configuration
DLS_DROP=cfg.get('dls','drop_folder')
DLS_WATCH=cfg.get('dls','watch_folder')

# import the Celery log getter and use it
from celery.utils.log import get_task_logger
logger = get_task_logger(__name__)


#
class SubmitSip():
    def __init__(self, job_id, launch_id, sip_tgz):
        self.hdfs =  hdfs.InsecureClient(cfg.get('hdfs','url'), user=cfg.get('hdfs','user'))
        self.submit_sip(launch_id,sip_tgz)

    def submit_sip(self, job_id, sip_tgz):
        """
        Download, unpack, check and submit the specified SIP tar.gz file (from HDFS)

        :param sip_path_tgz:
        :return:
        """

        # Set up target folder names:
        dls_drop_bag = "%s/%s" % (DLS_DROP, os.path.basename(job_id))
        dls_drop_tgz = "%s/%s.tar.gz" % (DLS_DROP, os.path.basename(job_id))
        dls_watch_bag = "%s/%s" % (DLS_WATCH, os.path.basename(job_id))

        # Download and unpack the BagIt bag into the DLS_DROP folder
        logger.debug("Downloading %s to %s." % (sip_tgz, DLS_DROP))
        client = self.hdfs.download(sip_tgz,dls_drop_tgz)
        # Check if there's already an unpacked version there:
        if os.path.exists(dls_drop_bag):
            raise Exception("Target DLS Drop folder already exists! %s" % dls_drop_bag)
        # Unpack:
        logger.debug("Unpacking %s..." % (dls_drop_tgz))
        tar = tarfile.open(dls_drop_tgz, "r:gz")
        tar.extractall(DLS_DROP)
        tar.close()

        # Validate bag and submit if all is well:
        logger.debug("Checking bag %s..." % (dls_drop_bag))
        bag = bagit.Bag(dls_drop_bag)
        if bag.validate():
            # Check if there is already something in the target location:
            if os.path.exists(dls_watch_bag):
                raise Exception("Target DLS Watch folder already exists! %s" % dls_watch_bag)
            # Move
            logger.info("Moving %s to %s." % (dls_drop_bag, dls_watch_bag))
            shutil.move(dls_drop_bag, dls_watch_bag)
        else:
            raise Exception("Invalid Bag-It bag: %s" % dls_drop_bag)

        # Clean up the tar.gz file?:
        #os.remove(dls_drop_tgz)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) SubmitSip
  B) submit_sip
  C) __init__
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from __future__ import absolute_import

import os
import bagit
import tarfile
import hdfs
import shutil

# import the Celery app context
from crawl.celery import app
from crawl.celery import cfg

# Set up drop/watched folder configuration
DLS_DROP=cfg.get('dls','drop_folder')
DLS_WATCH=cfg.get('dls','watch_folder')

# import the Celery log getter and use it
from celery.utils.log import get_task_logger
logger = get_task_logger(__name__)


#
class SubmitSip():
    def __init__(self, job_id, launch_id, sip_tgz):
        self.hdfs =  hdfs.InsecureClient(cfg.get('hdfs','url'), user=cfg.get('hdfs','user'))
        self.submit_sip(launch_id,sip_tgz)

    def submit_sip(self, job_id, sip_tgz):
        """
        Download, unpack, check and submit the specified SIP tar.gz file (from HDFS)

        :param sip_path_tgz:
        :return:
        """

        # Set up target folder names:
        dls_drop_bag = "%s/%s" % (DLS_DROP, os.path.basename(job_id))
        dls_drop_tgz = "%s/%s.tar.gz" % (DLS_DROP, os.path.basename(job_id))
        dls_watch_bag = "%s/%s" % (DLS_WATCH, os.path.basename(job_id))

        # Download and unpack the BagIt bag into the DLS_DROP folder
        logger.debug("Downloading %s to %s." % (sip_tgz, DLS_DROP))
        client = self.hdfs.download(sip_tgz,dls_drop_tgz)
        # Check if there's already an unpacked version there:
        if os.path.exists(dls_drop_bag):
            raise Exception("Target DLS Drop folder already exists! %s" % dls_drop_bag)
        # Unpack:
        logger.debug("Unpacking %s..." % (dls_drop_tgz))
        tar = tarfile.open(dls_drop_tgz, "r:gz")
        tar.extractall(DLS_DROP)
        tar.close()

        # Validate bag and submit if all is well:
        logger.debug("Checking bag %s..." % (dls_drop_bag))
        bag = bagit.Bag(dls_drop_bag)
        if bag.validate():
            # Check if there is already something in the target location:
            if os.path.exists(dls_watch_bag):
                raise Exception("Target DLS Watch folder already exists! %s" % dls_watch_bag)
            # Move
            logger.info("Moving %s to %s." % (dls_drop_bag, dls_watch_bag))
            shutil.move(dls_drop_bag, dls_watch_bag)
        else:
            raise Exception("Invalid Bag-It bag: %s" % dls_drop_bag)

        # Clean up the tar.gz file?:
        #os.remove(dls_drop_tgz)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: submit_sip
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import time
import hashlib

def authenticate_parameters(api_key, api_secret, parameters, expire=60):
    params = {}
    params.update(parameters)
    params["expire"] = int(time.time()) + expire
    params["api_key"] = api_key
    sig_base_string = ""
    for k in sorted(params.keys()):
        sig_base_string += "%s=%s" % (k, params[k])

    sig_base_string += api_secret
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    md5.update(sig_base_string.encode("utf-8"))
    params["sig"] = md5.hexdigest()
    return params

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

KEY = b'fdsl;mewrjope456fds4fbvfnjwaugfo'


def encrypt(message):
    message_length = len(message)
    if message_length % 16 != 0:
        message += '\0' * (16 - message_length % 16)
    message = bytes(message, 'ascii')
    aes = AES.new(KEY, AES.MODE_ECB)
    ciphertext = aes.encrypt(message)
    return ciphertext


def decrypt(message):
    aes = AES.new(KEY, AES.MODE_ECB)
    plaintext = aes.decrypt(message)
    return str(plaintext, encoding="utf-8").rstrip('\0')
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  B) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  C) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  D) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/local/bin/python3

from flask import Flask, render_template, request
import datetime

app=Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return render_template('home.html', body="Custom body")

@app.route("/owner")
def Owner():
    return "Hello, World from Pragati!"

@app.route("/datetime")
def DateTime():
    now = datetime.datetime.now()
    return now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

@app.route('/login',methods=["POST", "GET"])
def login():
	if request.method == "POST":
		user=request.form["email_address"]
		pw=request.form["password"]
		return f"email={user} password={pw}" 
	else:
		return render_template('login.html')

@app.route('/bye')
def goodbye():
    return 'Goodbye'

if __name__ == "__main__":
	app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  B) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  E) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  F) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Answer: A,B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/local/bin/python3

from flask import Flask, render_template, request
import datetime

app=Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
    return render_template('home.html', body="Custom body")

@app.route("/owner")
def Owner():
    return "Hello, World from Pragati!"

@app.route("/datetime")
def DateTime():
    now = datetime.datetime.now()
    return now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

@app.route('/login',methods=["POST", "GET"])
def login():
	if request.method == "POST":
		user=request.form["email_address"]
		pw=request.form["password"]
		return f"email={user} password={pw}" 
	else:
		return render_template('login.html')

@app.route('/bye')
def goodbye():
    return 'Goodbye'

if __name__ == "__main__":
	app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: login
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import io
import json
from PIL import Image
from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
import hashlib
import yaml

import torch
from torchvision import models
import torchvision.transforms as transforms

from ai.utils.model import CustomModel
import os

from waitress import serve


app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/')
def hello():
    hello = "Hello API"
    return hello


# AI Models
print(f"Loading model ... ", end='')
model = CustomModel()
model.eval()
device = 'cpu'
print(f"Done!!")


def to_RGB(image: Image, file_name='./tmp/tmp.jpg'):

    os.makedirs('./tmp/', exist_ok=True)

    if image.mode == 'RGB':
        return image
    image.load()  # required for png.split()
    background = Image.new("RGB", image.size, (255, 255, 255))
    background.paste(image, mask=image.split()[3])  # 3 is the alpha channel

    background.save(file_name, 'JPEG', quality=80)
    return Image.open(file_name)


def api_auth(api_key):
    hash_key = hashlib.sha256(api_key.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
    with open('ai/api_true_hash_key.yaml', 'r') as f:
        secret = yaml.safe_load(f)
    true_hash_key = secret['AI']['API_TRUE_HASH_KEY']
    if true_hash_key == hash_key:
        return True
    else:
        return False


def transform_image(image_bytes):
    my_transforms = transforms.Compose([transforms.Resize((512, 512)),
                                        transforms.ToTensor(),
                                        transforms.Normalize(
                                            [0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
                                            [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])])
    image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_bytes))
    image = to_RGB(image)
    return my_transforms(image).unsqueeze(0)


def get_vector(tensor):
    print(f"Predicting ... ", end='')
    with torch.no_grad():
        out = model(tensor)
    print(f"Done!!")
    out = out.to('cpu').detach().numpy().tolist()[0]
    return out


@app.route('/predict', methods=['POST'])
def predict():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        file = request.files['file']
        if api_auth(request.headers.get('api_key')):
            image_bytes = file.read()
            tensor = transform_image(image_bytes=image_bytes)
            tensor = tensor.to(device)
            vector = get_vector(tensor)
            return jsonify({'authentication': 'ok', 'vector': vector})
        else:
            return jsonify({'authentication': 'no'})


def main():
    app.run(debug=True, port=7775)
    # serve(app, host='0.0.0.0', port=7775)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: api_auth
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import socket
import json
import uuid

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify


app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def hello():
    provider = str(os.environ.get('PROVIDER', 'world'))
    return 'Hello from backend ' + provider + '!'

@app.route("/generate")
def return_uuid():
    uuid_value = str(uuid.uuid4())
    return jsonify({"uuid": uuid_value})

@app.route("/hostname")
def return_hostname():
    # return "This is an example wsgi app served from {} to {}".format(socket.gethostname(), request.remote_addr)
    return jsonify({"backend hostname": socket.gethostname()})


@app.route("/version")
def return_version():
    return "version 1.26 on host {}".format(socket.gethostname())

@app.route("/headers")
def return_headers():
    return jsonify(dict(request.headers))

@app.route("/http_code")
def return_http_code():
    code = request.args.get('code', default = 200, type = int)
    return str(code), code

@app.route("/health")
def return_health():
    code = request.args.get('code', default = 200, type = int)
    return "Healthy", 200

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Bind to PORT if defined, otherwise default to 5000.
    port = int(os.environ.get('CONTAINER_PORT', 5000))
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=port)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  B) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  C) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  D) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  E) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  F) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
import hashlib
import json
import socket
import time


def get_location_request(lon, lat, taxi_id, operator, apikey):
    """Payload to send to geotaxi to update taxi location."""
    payload = {
        'timestamp': int(time.time()),
        'operator': operator,
        'taxi': taxi_id,
        'lat': lat,
        'lon': lon,
        'device': 'phone',
        'status': 'free',
        'version':'2',
    }
    h = ''.join(
        str(payload[k]) for k in ['timestamp', 'operator', 'taxi', 'lat', 'lon', 'device', 'status', 'version']
    )
    h += apikey
    payload['hash'] = hashlib.sha1(h.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
    return json.dumps(payload).encode('ascii')


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)

    parser.add_argument(
        '--api-key', default='00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000',
        help='API key to compute hash. Only required if Geotaxi runs with --auth-enabled'
    )
    parser.add_argument('--host', default='localhost', help='Geotaxi host')
    parser.add_argument('--port', type=int, default=8080, help='Geotaxi port')
    parser.add_argument('--lon', type=float, default=2.35, help='Taxi longitude')
    parser.add_argument('--lat', type=float, default=48.86, help='Taxi latitude')
    parser.add_argument('--operator', required=True, help='Taxi operator name')
    parser.add_argument('--taxi', required=True, help='Taxi id')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    data = get_location_request(args.lon, args.lat, args.taxi, args.operator, args.api_key)

    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    sock.sendto(data, (args.host, args.port))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  F) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
import hashlib
import json
import socket
import time


def get_location_request(lon, lat, taxi_id, operator, apikey):
    """Payload to send to geotaxi to update taxi location."""
    payload = {
        'timestamp': int(time.time()),
        'operator': operator,
        'taxi': taxi_id,
        'lat': lat,
        'lon': lon,
        'device': 'phone',
        'status': 'free',
        'version':'2',
    }
    h = ''.join(
        str(payload[k]) for k in ['timestamp', 'operator', 'taxi', 'lat', 'lon', 'device', 'status', 'version']
    )
    h += apikey
    payload['hash'] = hashlib.sha1(h.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
    return json.dumps(payload).encode('ascii')


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)

    parser.add_argument(
        '--api-key', default='00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000',
        help='API key to compute hash. Only required if Geotaxi runs with --auth-enabled'
    )
    parser.add_argument('--host', default='localhost', help='Geotaxi host')
    parser.add_argument('--port', type=int, default=8080, help='Geotaxi port')
    parser.add_argument('--lon', type=float, default=2.35, help='Taxi longitude')
    parser.add_argument('--lat', type=float, default=48.86, help='Taxi latitude')
    parser.add_argument('--operator', required=True, help='Taxi operator name')
    parser.add_argument('--taxi', required=True, help='Taxi id')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    data = get_location_request(args.lon, args.lat, args.taxi, args.operator, args.api_key)

    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    sock.sendto(data, (args.host, args.port))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) main
  B) get_location_request
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python

import sys
import json

from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader

def create_out_list(blocks, block):

    output = block.get('output')

    if output is None:
        return ()

    return ((f'{blocks[out_block["block"]]["name"]}@#'
             f'{out_block["output_number"]}:{out_block["input_number"]}')
            for out_block in output)

def main():

    jinja_env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('.'))

    if len(sys.argv) != 3:
        print('Wrong number of arguments', file=sys.stderr)

    with open(sys.argv[1]) as in_file:
        blocks = json.load(in_file)

    with open(sys.argv[2], 'w') as out_file:

        script_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                               if block['type'].startswith('ScriptBlock')))

        init_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                             if block['type'] == 'Init'))

        sync_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                             if block['type'].startswith('Synchronize')))

        template = jinja_env.get_template('template.sh')
        write_content = template.render(blocks=blocks,
                                        create_out_list=create_out_list,
                                        script_blocks=script_blocks,
                                        sync_blocks=sync_blocks,
                                        init_blocks=init_blocks)

        out_file.write(write_content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  B) CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  C) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  D) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  E) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python

import sys
import json

from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader

def create_out_list(blocks, block):

    output = block.get('output')

    if output is None:
        return ()

    return ((f'{blocks[out_block["block"]]["name"]}@#'
             f'{out_block["output_number"]}:{out_block["input_number"]}')
            for out_block in output)

def main():

    jinja_env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('.'))

    if len(sys.argv) != 3:
        print('Wrong number of arguments', file=sys.stderr)

    with open(sys.argv[1]) as in_file:
        blocks = json.load(in_file)

    with open(sys.argv[2], 'w') as out_file:

        script_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                               if block['type'].startswith('ScriptBlock')))

        init_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                             if block['type'] == 'Init'))

        sync_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                             if block['type'].startswith('Synchronize')))

        template = jinja_env.get_template('template.sh')
        write_content = template.render(blocks=blocks,
                                        create_out_list=create_out_list,
                                        script_blocks=script_blocks,
                                        sync_blocks=sync_blocks,
                                        init_blocks=init_blocks)

        out_file.write(write_content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) create_out_list
  B) main
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python

import sys
import json

from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader

def create_out_list(blocks, block):

    output = block.get('output')

    if output is None:
        return ()

    return ((f'{blocks[out_block["block"]]["name"]}@#'
             f'{out_block["output_number"]}:{out_block["input_number"]}')
            for out_block in output)

def main():

    jinja_env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('.'))

    if len(sys.argv) != 3:
        print('Wrong number of arguments', file=sys.stderr)

    with open(sys.argv[1]) as in_file:
        blocks = json.load(in_file)

    with open(sys.argv[2], 'w') as out_file:

        script_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                               if block['type'].startswith('ScriptBlock')))

        init_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                             if block['type'] == 'Init'))

        sync_blocks = tuple((block for block in blocks
                             if block['type'].startswith('Synchronize')))

        template = jinja_env.get_template('template.sh')
        write_content = template.render(blocks=blocks,
                                        create_out_list=create_out_list,
                                        script_blocks=script_blocks,
                                        sync_blocks=sync_blocks,
                                        init_blocks=init_blocks)

        out_file.write(write_content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: main
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import tempfile
import tarfile
import cStringIO
import os
import random
from rackattack.ssh import ftp


class DirFTP:
    def __init__(self, sshClient):
        self._sshClient = sshClient
        self._ftp = ftp.FTP(sshClient)

    def put(self, path, originPath, compressed=True):
        tarContents = cStringIO.StringIO()
        tar = tarfile.open(mode="w:gz" if compressed else "w", fileobj=tarContents)
        tar.add(originPath, arcname=path)
        tar.close()
        remoteTarPath = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.putFileContents(remoteTarPath, tarContents.getvalue())
        try:
            self.runScript("tar -xf %s -C /" % (remoteTarPath))
        finally:
            self.delete(remoteTarPath)

    def get(self, localPath, originPath, compressed=True):
        remoteTarPath = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.runScript("cd %s\n tar --ignore-failed-read -c%sf %s *" % (
            originPath, "z" if compressed else "", remoteTarPath))
        tarContent = self.getFileContents(remoteTarPath)
        self.runScript("rm -f %s" % remoteTarPath)
        tar = tarfile.open(mode="r:gz" if compressed else "r", fileobj=cStringIO.StringIO(tarContent))
        if not os.path.isdir(localPath):
            os.makedirs(localPath)
        tar.extractall(path=localPath)

    def getMightChange(self, localPath, originPath, compressed=True):
        tempPath = '/tmp/dir_copy_%d' % (random.random() * 1e9)
        self.runScript('cp -r %s %s' % (originPath, tempPath))
        self.getDir(localPath, tempPath, compressed)
        self.runScript('rm -rf %s' % tempPath)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  C) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  D) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  E) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  F) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Answer: D,F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import tempfile
import tarfile
import cStringIO
import os
import random
from rackattack.ssh import ftp


class DirFTP:
    def __init__(self, sshClient):
        self._sshClient = sshClient
        self._ftp = ftp.FTP(sshClient)

    def put(self, path, originPath, compressed=True):
        tarContents = cStringIO.StringIO()
        tar = tarfile.open(mode="w:gz" if compressed else "w", fileobj=tarContents)
        tar.add(originPath, arcname=path)
        tar.close()
        remoteTarPath = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.putFileContents(remoteTarPath, tarContents.getvalue())
        try:
            self.runScript("tar -xf %s -C /" % (remoteTarPath))
        finally:
            self.delete(remoteTarPath)

    def get(self, localPath, originPath, compressed=True):
        remoteTarPath = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.runScript("cd %s\n tar --ignore-failed-read -c%sf %s *" % (
            originPath, "z" if compressed else "", remoteTarPath))
        tarContent = self.getFileContents(remoteTarPath)
        self.runScript("rm -f %s" % remoteTarPath)
        tar = tarfile.open(mode="r:gz" if compressed else "r", fileobj=cStringIO.StringIO(tarContent))
        if not os.path.isdir(localPath):
            os.makedirs(localPath)
        tar.extractall(path=localPath)

    def getMightChange(self, localPath, originPath, compressed=True):
        tempPath = '/tmp/dir_copy_%d' % (random.random() * 1e9)
        self.runScript('cp -r %s %s' % (originPath, tempPath))
        self.getDir(localPath, tempPath, compressed)
        self.runScript('rm -rf %s' % tempPath)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) __init__
  B) DirFTP
  C) getMightChange
  D) get
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import tempfile
import tarfile
import cStringIO
import os
import random
from rackattack.ssh import ftp


class DirFTP:
    def __init__(self, sshClient):
        self._sshClient = sshClient
        self._ftp = ftp.FTP(sshClient)

    def put(self, path, originPath, compressed=True):
        tarContents = cStringIO.StringIO()
        tar = tarfile.open(mode="w:gz" if compressed else "w", fileobj=tarContents)
        tar.add(originPath, arcname=path)
        tar.close()
        remoteTarPath = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.putFileContents(remoteTarPath, tarContents.getvalue())
        try:
            self.runScript("tar -xf %s -C /" % (remoteTarPath))
        finally:
            self.delete(remoteTarPath)

    def get(self, localPath, originPath, compressed=True):
        remoteTarPath = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.runScript("cd %s\n tar --ignore-failed-read -c%sf %s *" % (
            originPath, "z" if compressed else "", remoteTarPath))
        tarContent = self.getFileContents(remoteTarPath)
        self.runScript("rm -f %s" % remoteTarPath)
        tar = tarfile.open(mode="r:gz" if compressed else "r", fileobj=cStringIO.StringIO(tarContent))
        if not os.path.isdir(localPath):
            os.makedirs(localPath)
        tar.extractall(path=localPath)

    def getMightChange(self, localPath, originPath, compressed=True):
        tempPath = '/tmp/dir_copy_%d' % (random.random() * 1e9)
        self.runScript('cp -r %s %s' % (originPath, tempPath))
        self.getDir(localPath, tempPath, compressed)
        self.runScript('rm -rf %s' % tempPath)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability.
Answer: get
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os

import jinja2
import ruamel.yaml


EXPECTED_SECTION_ORDER = ['package', 'source', 'build', 'requirements', 'test', 'app', 'about', 'extra']


class NullUndefined(jinja2.Undefined):
    def __unicode__(self):
        return unicode(self._undefined_name)


def lintify(meta):
    lints = []

    major_sections = list(meta.keys())

    # 1: Top level meta.yaml keys should have a specific order.
    section_order_sorted = sorted(major_sections, key=EXPECTED_SECTION_ORDER.index)
    if major_sections != section_order_sorted:
        lints.append('The top level meta keys are in an unexpected order. Expecting {}.'.format(section_order_sorted))

    # 2: The about section should have a home, license and summary.
    for about_item in ['home', 'license', 'summary']:
        about_section = meta.get('about', {}) or {}
        # if the section doesn't exist, or is just empty, lint it.
        if not about_section.get(about_item, ''):
            lints.append('The {} item is expected in the about section.'.format(about_item))

    # 3: The recipe should have some maintainers.
    extra_section = meta.get('extra', {}) or {}
    if not extra_section.get('recipe-maintainers', []):
        lints.append('The recipe could do with some maintainers listed in the "extra/recipe-maintainers" section.')

    # 4: The recipe should have some tests.
    if 'test' not in major_sections:
        lints.append('The recipe must have some tests.')

    return lints


def main(recipe_dir):
    recipe_dir = os.path.abspath(recipe_dir)
    recipe_meta = os.path.join(recipe_dir, 'meta.yaml')
    if not os.path.exists(recipe_dir):
        raise IOError('Feedstock has no recipe/meta.yaml.')

    env = jinja2.Environment(undefined=NullUndefined)

    with open(recipe_meta, 'r') as fh:
        content = env.from_string(''.join(fh)).render()
        meta = ruamel.yaml.load(content, ruamel.yaml.RoundTripLoader)
    results = lintify(meta)
    return results

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: main