NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
Division of a germline stem cell to produce two germline stem cells of the same type as the parent.
germline stem cell symmetric division
The removal of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, from a macromolecule.
macromolecule deacylation
Any protein complex that is part of or has some part in a hemidesmosome.
hemidesmosome associated protein complex
The removal of palymitoyl groups from a macromolecule.
macromolecule depalmitoylation
The process that results in the incorporation of a protein into a plasma membrane. Incorporation in this context means having some part or covalently attached group that is inserted into the the hydrophobic region of one or both bilayers.
protein insertion into plasma membrane
The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane.
cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules
The clustering together and adhesion of initially separate cells to form an aggregate. Examples include the clustering of unicellular organisms or blood cells in suspension and the condensation of mesenchymal cells during cartilage formation.
cell aggregation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebellar neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
cerebellar neuron development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bone cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
bone cell development
Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance.
detoxification
One of the distinct periods or stages into which the meiotic cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events.
meiotic cell cycle phase
One of the distinct periods or stages into which the mitotic cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events.
mitotic cell cycle phase
A meiotic cell cycle phase prior to a during which some part of meiosis I nuclear division or the proceeding cytokinesis occurs.
meiosis I cell cycle phase
A meiotic cell cycle phase that occurs after meiosis I (the first meiotic nuclear division).
meiosis II cell cycle phase
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of inorganic ions within an organism or cell.
inorganic ion homeostasis
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
skin epidermis development
The process of assembly of curli, extracellular fibers produced by enteric bacteria. This process occurs outside the cell, where it is coupled to secretion across the cell outer membrane via nucleation by elements of the transporter complex.
curli assembly
The directed movement of proteins across the cell outer membrane.
protein transport across the cell outer membrane
The selective degradation of intracellular pathogen or some part of an intracellular pathogen (e.g. viral capsid) by macroautophagy.
xenophagy
The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.
postsynapse
Any protein complex that is part of a membrane.
membrane protein complex
Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane.
plasma membrane protein complex
Any protein complex that is part of the outer mitochondrial membrane.
outer mitochondrial membrane protein complex
Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by the renal system.
regulation of renal system process
Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane and which functions as a signaling receptor.
plasma membrane signaling receptor complex
A protein complex that is part of a chloroplast thylakoid membrane.
chloroplast thylakoid membrane protein complex
Catalysis of the reaction: nitrite + acceptor = product(s) of nitrate reduction + reduced acceptor.
nitrite reductase activity
The directed movement of neurotransmitter molecules from the extrasynaptic space into the presynaptic cytosol.
neurotransmitter reuptake
The process in which genetic material, in the form of nuclear chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. Nuclear chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles.
nuclear chromosome segregation
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). EPSP is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential
A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse.
mini excitatory postsynaptic potential
A distinct region of the endoplasmic reticulum.
endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment
An endosome present in the presynapse that fuses with endocytic vesicles arising in the presynaptic endocytic zone. This organelle is believed to be involved in regeneration of synaptic vesicles.
presynaptic endosome
A specialized region of the plasma membrane and underlying cytoplasm which surround the the active zone, into which synaptic vesicle membranes are recycled following exocytosis. It is especially enriched in endocytic proteins following intense activity.
presynaptic endocytic zone
The region of the presynaptic membrane that is part of the presynaptic endocytic zone - where synaptic vesicles are endocytosed and recycled following release.
presynaptic endocytic zone membrane
The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies within a dendritic spine. The actin component of this cytoskeleton is involved in spine head remodeling in response to postsynaptic signaling.
cytoskeleton of dendritic spine
The membrane component of the postsynaptic density. This is the region of the postsynaptic membrane in which the population of neurotransmitter receptors involved in synaptic transmission are concentrated.
postsynaptic density membrane
An early endosome of the postsynapse. It acts as the major sorting station on the endocytic pathway, targeting neurotransmitter receptors for degregation or recycling.
postsynaptic early endosome
A stably positioned site of clathrin adjacent and physically attached to the postsynaptic specialization, which is the site of endocytosis of post-synaptic proteins.
postsynaptic endocytic zone
The region of the postsynaptic membrane that is part of the postsynaptic endocytic zone. This region of membrane is associated with stable clathrin puncta.
postsynaptic endocytic zone membrane
An endosomal compartment that is part of the post-synapse. Only early and recycling endosomes are typically present in the postsynapse.
postsynaptic endosome
Binding to single-stranded DNA of a specific nucleotide composition.
sequence-specific single stranded DNA binding
The lipid bilayer surrounding a lytic vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell.
lytic vacuole membrane
A process in which lipids are taken up from the contents of the intestine.
intestinal lipid absorption
A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it.
membrane microdomain
A cell projection supported by an assembly of actin filaments, and which lacks microtubules.
actin-based cell projection
A bundle of cross-linked actin filaments that is part of an actin-based cell protrusion, in which filaments are oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex which stabilizes the filaments.
actin filament bundle of actin-based cell projection
A cell part consisting of multiple, closely packed actin-based cell projections.
cluster of actin-based cell projections
The increase in size or mass of a bone that contributes to the shaping of that bone.
bone growth
Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide.
cellular oxidant detoxification
The propagation of an action potential along the plane of an excitable membrane. Action potentials typically propagate once triggered because the depolarization of adjacent membrane regions due to an action potential crosses the firing threshold.
action potential propagation
The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a postsynapse.
postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton
The directed movement of substances to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane by exocytosis.
vesicle-mediated transport to the plasma membrane
The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles.
neurotransmitter receptor transport to plasma membrane
Any protein complex that is capable of functioning as a neurotransmitter receptor.
neurotransmitter receptor complex
The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a postsynaptic specialization.
structural constituent of postsynaptic specialization
A process which maintains the organization and the arrangement of proteins in the presynaptic specialization.
maintenance of postsynaptic specialization structure
The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
extrinsic component of postsynaptic membrane
The component of the postsynaptic specialization membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
extrinsic component of postsynaptic specialization membrane
The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic endosome.
postsynaptic endosome membrane
The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic early endosome.
postsynaptic early endosome membrane
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.
regulation of action potential
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.
regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of membrane depolarization during an action potential. Membrane depolarization is the process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the resting potential.
regulation of membrane depolarization during action potential
Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of membrane repolarization during an action potential. Membrane repolarization is the process in which membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, towards the resting potential.
regulation of membrane repolarization during action potential
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrial cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.
regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a ventricular cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential
Cell-cell signaling from pre to post-synapse, across the synaptic cleft.
anterograde trans-synaptic signaling
Cell-cell signaling from post to pre-synapse, across the synaptic cleft.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling
The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a synapse.
structural constituent of synapse
Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a lipid ligand.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by lipid
Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by an endocannabinoid ligand.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid
The component of the dense core granule membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
extrinsic component of dense core granule membrane
Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by an soluble gas ligand.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by soluble gas
Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by nitric oxide.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide
A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles between endosomal compartments, e.g, between early endosome and sorting endosome.
vesicle-mediated transport between endosomal compartments
The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell body toward the postsynapse in dendrites.
anterograde dendritic transport
The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites.
dendritic transport of mitochondrion
Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by trans-synaptic protein complex.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex
The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic recycling endosome.
postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane
The process by which a membrane receptor, diffusing freely within the plasma membeane, becomes trapped in some plasma membrane region. This can happen when a receptor bind, directly or indirectly, to some component of the underlying matrix.
receptor diffusion trapping
The lipid bilayer surrounding a presynaptic endosome.
presynaptic endosome membrane
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in synaptic transmission. Modulation may be via an effect on ligand affinity, or effector function such as ion selectivity or pore opening/closing in ionotropic receptors.
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity
The exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor containing vesicles with the postsynaptic membrane resulting in the integration of NT receptors, enabling them to participate in neurotransmitter reception. This process includes tethering and docking steps that prepare vesicles for fusion.
exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane
The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the postsynaptic membrane in transport vesicles.
neurotransmitter receptor transport to postsynaptic membrane
The process by which diffusing neurotransmitter receptor becomes trapped at the postsynaptic specialization membrane. This is typically due to interaction with components of the post-synaptic specialization.
postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping
The postsynapse of a neuromuscular junction. In vertebrate muscles this includes the motor end-plate, consisting of postjunctional folds of the sarcolemma.
postsynapse of neuromuscular junction
A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter.
glutamatergic synapse
An electron dense specialization of the presynaptic active zone cytoskeleton.
presynaptic density
A synapse that uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter.
cholinergic synapse
A synapse that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. These synapses are typically inhibitory.
GABA-ergic synapse
A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons.
neuron to neuron synapse
A neuron to neuron synapse with a postsynaptic density, that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter and whose activity results in excitatory postsynaptic potentials.
asymmetric, glutamatergic, excitatory synapse
The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an kainate-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway
A dense core vesicle (granule) that is part of a neuron. These vesicles typically contain neuropeptides. They can be found in all parts of neurons, including the soma, dendrites, axonal swellings (varicosities) and synaptic terminals.
neuronal dense core vesicle
The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
extrinsic component of postsynaptic endosome membrane
Any vesicle-mediated transport that occurs in a synapse.
vesicle-mediated transport in synapse
The secretion of molecules (e.g. neuropeptides, insulin-related peptides or neuromodulators such as serotonin and dopamine) contained within a neuronal dense core vesicle by fusion of the granule with the plasma membrane of a neuron in response to increased cytosolic calcium levels.
neuronal dense core vesicle exocytosis
The lipid bilayer surrounding a neuronal dense core vesicle.
neuronal dense core vesicle membrane
The initial, indirect interaction between a vesicle membrane and a membrane to which it is targeted for fusion. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior to interaction between factors involved in fusion.
vesicle tethering
Any protein complex that plays a role in vesicle tethering.
vesicle tethering complex
An infolding of the plasma membrane.
plasma membrane invagination
The movement of a sphingolipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet.
sphingolipid translocation
A defense process that protects an organism from DNA or RNA from an invading organism.
clearance of foreign intracellular nucleic acids
The membrane scission process that is the final step in the formation of a vesicle, leading to separation from its parent membrane. Vesicle scission involves the constriction of a neck-forming protein complex, consisting e.g. of dynamin, around the budded membrane, leading to vesicle closure during its separation from the parent membrane.
vesicle scission
The membrane scission process that is the final step in the formation of an endocytic vesicle: separation from the plasma membrane.
vesicle scission involved in endocytosis
Any process that regulates the the local concentration of neurotransmitter receptor at the postsynaptic membrane.
regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels
Vesicle-mediated transport of cargo from the mitochondrion by a mitochondrion-derived vesicle.
mitochondrion-derived vesicle mediated transport
A cellular component that consists of an indeterminate number of proteins or macromolecular complexes, organized into a regular, higher-order structure such as a polymer, sheet, network or a fiber.
supramolecular complex
A polymeric supramolecular structure.
supramolecular polymer
Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a neuropeptide.
retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide
A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
synaptonemal structure
A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.
postsynaptic specialization, intracellular component
The movement of a cellular component as a result of microtubule polymerization.
microtubule polymerization based movement
A potassium channel activity that is gated by binding of a G-protein beta-gamma dimer.
G-protein gated potassium channel activity
Binds to and increases the activity of a potassium channel, resulting in its opening.
potassium channel activator activity
Modulates the activity of a channel via direct interaction with it. A channel catalyzes energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.
ion channel regulator activity
A microtubule-based process that results in the transport of organelles, other microtubules, or other cellular components. Examples include motor-driven movement along microtubules and movement driven by polymerization or depolymerization of microtubules.
microtubule-based transport
The transport of a protein driven by polymerization of a microtubule to which it is attached.
microtubule polymerization based protein transport
Any process that decreases the concentration of calcium ions in the presynaptic cytosol.
negative regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium concentration
A microtubule-based process that results in the transport of proteins.
microtubule-based protein transport
Development of a sorocarp formed by aggregation of cells with different genotypes.
chimeric sorocarp development
Development a structure consisting of multiple co-operating unicellular organisms of the same species, involving cells of more that one genotype.
chimeric colonial development
Development of a non-reproductive fruiting body formed by aggregation of cells with different genotypes.
chimeric non-reproductive fruiting body development
Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when ATP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the intracellular side of the plasma membrane.
intracellularly ATP-gated ion channel activity
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic specialization assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic specialization.
regulation of postsynaptic specialization assembly
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic density assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic density.
regulation of postsynaptic density assembly
Cell-cell signaling to or from a synapse, mediated by nitric oxide.
synaptic signaling by nitric oxide
Any process, acting in the postsynapse that results in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission.
postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission
Any process, acting in the presynapse that results in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission.
presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trans-synaptic signaling.
regulation of trans-synaptic signaling
The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a presynapse.
structural constituent of presynapse
Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the vesicular release and reception of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.
trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmission