NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
A macromolecular complex containing protein, DNA, and RNA molecules.
protein-DNA-RNA complex
The disaggregation of a protein-DNA-RNA complex into its constituent components.
protein-DNA-RNA complex disassembly
A DNA synthesis process that uses RNA as the initial template for synthesis of DNA, but which also includes an RNase activity to remove the RNA strand of an RNA-DNA heteroduplex produced by the RNA-dependent synthesis step and use of the initial DNA strand as a template for DNA synthesis.
reverse transcription
Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase II promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.
transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter
The directed movement of guanine nucleotides, GTP, GDP, and/or GMP, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
guanine nucleotide transport
Enables the transfer of guanine nucleotides (GMP, GDP, and GTP) from one side of a membrane to the other.
guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity
The end, or tip, of a fungal hypha, where polarized growth occurs during hyphal elongation.
hyphal tip
The condensation of mesenchymal cells that have been committed to differentiate into chondrocytes.
cartilage condensation
A process in which membrane potential cycles through a depolarizing spike, triggered in response to depolarization above some threshold, followed by repolarization. This cycle is driven by the flow of ions through various voltage gated channels with different thresholds and ion specificities.
action potential
Posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to either a nucleotide or 2'-O ribose in a polyribonucleotide. Usually uses S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor.
RNA methylation
The incorporation of selenocysteine into a peptide; uses a special tRNA that recognizes the UGA codon as selenocysteine, rather than as a termination codon. Selenocysteine is synthesized from serine before its incorporation; it is not a posttranslational modification of peptidyl-cysteine.
selenocysteine incorporation
Protein complex that links the outer microtubule doublet of a 9+2 type ciliary or flagellar axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. Composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules.
radial spoke
The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus.
ovulation from ovarian follicle
Increase in size of primary follicles including oocyte growth and granulosa and/or theca cell proliferation until more than one layer of granulosa cells is present (preantral follicle).
primary ovarian follicle growth
Increase in size of antral follicles due to cell proliferation and/or growth of the antral cavity.
antral ovarian follicle growth
The lysis or structural demise of the corpus luteum. During normal luteolysis, two closely related events occur. First, there is loss of the capacity to synthesize and secrete progesterone (functional luteolysis) followed by loss of the cells that comprise the corpus luteum (structural luteolysis). Preventing luteolysis is crucial to maintain pregnancy.
luteolysis
The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.
oocyte growth
A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization.
oocyte maturation
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
regulation of cell growth
Combining with a phorbol ester and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.
phorbol ester receptor activity
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.
blood vessel development
Combining with a trace amine to initiate a change in cell activity. Trace amines are biogenic amines that are synthesized from aromatic amino acids and are substrates for monoamine oxidase, and are therefore detectable only at trace levels in mammals.
trace-amine receptor activity
Combining with angiotensin to initiate a change in cell activity.
angiotensin receptor activity
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight.
eye development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the urogenital system over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
urogenital system development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.
metanephros development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
ureteric bud development
The regulated release of gastric acid induced by the interaction of gastrin with its receptor.
gastrin-induced gastric acid secretion
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through syncytial blastoderm to the hatching of the first instar larva. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
embryonic development via the syncytial blastoderm
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
in utero embryonic development
The formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm during gastrulation.
formation of primary germ layer
The formation of ectoderm during gastrulation.
ectoderm formation
The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.
mesoderm formation
The cellular developmental process involved in cell fate commitment in which the cell is designated to follow a developmental path, unless they receive extrinsic cues that direct an alternative fate.
cell fate specification
The cellular developmental process involved in cell fate commitment that occurs after cell fate specification, in which a cell is irreversibly committed to a cellular developmental fate which is heritable on cell division.
cell fate determination
Catalysis of the phosphorylation of a simple or complex lipid.
lipid kinase activity
Chromatin that is part of a sex chromosome.
sex chromatin
The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains a stack of membrane discs embedded with photoreceptor proteins.
photoreceptor outer segment
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an eye photoreceptor cell.
compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation
The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a compound eye photoreceptor cell. A photoreceptor cell is a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation. Different classes of photoreceptor have different spectral sensitivities and express different photosensitive pigments.
compound eye photoreceptor fate commitment
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, as found in the eye, the primary visual organ of most organisms.
eye photoreceptor cell differentiation
The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo.
neural crest cell migration
The change in morphology and behavior of a dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
myeloid dendritic cell activation
The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.
microglial cell activation
A multicellular organismal process by which exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand results in a change in the morphology or behavior of a cell.
cell activation
The resealing of a cell plasma membrane after cellular wounding due to, for instance, mechanical stress.
plasma membrane repair
The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of neutrophils such that the total number of neutrophils within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.
neutrophil homeostasis
Combining with an immunoglobulin of the IgM isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
IgM receptor activity
An inflammatory response resulting in cell death mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis or cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell.
type IIa hypersensitivity
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.
regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.
regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity
An inflammatory response resulting from recognition of immune complexes via complement or Fc receptors on effector cells leading to activation of neutrophils and other leukocytes and damage to bystander tissue.
type III hypersensitivity
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.
regulation of type III hypersensitivity
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.
regulation of type IV hypersensitivity
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.
regulation of type I hypersensitivity
The regulated release of histamine by a cell or tissue. It is formed by decarboxylation of histidine and it acts through receptors in smooth muscle and in secretory systems.
histamine secretion
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm.
blastocyst development
The initial formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula.
blastocyst formation
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an inner cell mass cell.
inner cell mass cell differentiation
An increase in size of a blastocyst due to expansion of the blastocoelic cavity cell shape changes and cell proliferation.
blastocyst growth
The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation.
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
The morphogenesis of an embryonic epithelium into a tube-shaped structure.
embryonic epithelial tube formation
The process in which the anatomical structures of the neural plate are generated and organized. The neural plate is a specialized region of columnar epithelial cells in the dorsal ectoderm that will give rise to nervous system tissue.
neural plate morphogenesis
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system.
neural plate development
The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline.
neural tube closure
Binding to an opsonin, such as a complement component or antibody, deposited on the surface of a bacteria, virus, immune complex, or other particulate material.
opsonin binding
Combining with an opsonin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
opsonin receptor activity
Binding to a component or product of the complement cascade.
complement binding
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species.
response to yeast
The process that results in the return of receptor molecules to an active state and an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal.
receptor recycling
Binding to a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose.
nucleoside binding
Binding to a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose.
purine nucleoside binding
Binding to a pyrimidine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose.
pyrimidine nucleoside binding
The progression of an endothelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
endothelial cell development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes.
liver development
An invagination of the cell membrane formed by an actin dependent process during phagocytosis. Following internalization it is converted into a phagosome.
phagocytic cup
A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within the retina of the eye, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.
retina homeostasis
The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs.
photoreceptor inner segment
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of receptor recycling.
regulation of receptor recycling
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of various polypeptides into the exocyst complex.
exocyst assembly
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocyst assembly.
regulation of exocyst assembly
The multiplication or reproduction of endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Endothelial cells are thin flattened cells which line the inside surfaces of body cavities, blood vessels, and lymph vessels, making up the endothelium.
endothelial cell proliferation
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.
regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hair follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A hair follicle is a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open.
hair follicle development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lymph vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
lymph vessel development
Uptake of D-glucose into the blood by absorption from the small intestine.
intestinal D-glucose absorption
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to the extracellular matrix.
regulation of cell-matrix adhesion
An action or movement due to the application of a sudden unexpected stimulus.
startle response
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.
response to amphetamine
The series of events by which the change in diameter of an artery is detected and converted to a molecular signal.
baroreceptor detection of arterial stretch
The lowering of the number of nerve impulses from baroreceptors as a result of decreased stretch of an artery that results in an increased in sympathetic nerve impulses to peripheral blood vessels.
baroreceptor response to decreased systemic arterial blood pressure
The increase in nerve impulses from baroreceptors as a result of increased pressure on an artery that results in an inhibition of sympathetic nerve impulses to peripheral blood vessels.
baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressure
The process in which the anatomical structures of an epithelial sheet are generated and organized. An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells.
morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet
A process that is triggered by vasomotor excitation and results in a decrease in the diameter of an artery during the chemoreceptor response to decreased blood pressure.
vasoconstriction of artery involved in chemoreceptor response to lowering of systemic arterial blood pressure
Binding to a protease or a peptidase.
protease binding
The physiological process in which dietary excess is sensed by the central nervous system, resulting in a reduction in food intake and increased energy expenditure.
response to dietary excess
The process in which an angiotensin-mediated signaling system present in the brain regulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system.
brain renin-angiotensin system
The extension of new blood vessels from existing vessels into avascular tissues, this process includes the specialization of endothelial cells into leading tip and stalk cells, proliferation and migration of the endothelial cells and cell adhesion resulting in angiogenic sprout fusion or lumen formation.
sprouting angiogenesis
The formation of new blood vessels as a result of the insertion and extension of lumenal tissue pillars.
intussusceptive angiogenesis
The orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels involved in sprouting angiogenesis.
cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
Binding to a nucleobase, any of a class of pyrmidines or purines, organic nitrogenous bases.
nucleobase binding
The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.
chondrocyte differentiation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chondrocyte over time, from its commitment to its mature state. Chondrocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a chondroblast to a chondrocyte fate.
chondrocyte development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface.
epithelial cell development
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube.
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube.
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glandular epithelial cell. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland.
glandular epithelial cell differentiation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glandular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland.
glandular epithelial cell development
The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a columna/cuboidal epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube.
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation
The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface.
epithelial cell maturation
The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a glandular epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland.
glandular epithelial cell maturation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the extraocular skeletal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The extraocular muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
extraocular skeletal muscle development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the somitomeric trunk muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The somitomeric trunk muscle is derived from somitomeric mesoderm. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.
somitomeric trunk muscle development
The membrane that surrounds the acrosomal lumen. The acrosome is a special type of lysosome in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization.
acrosomal membrane
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor internalization.
regulation of receptor internalization
Catalysis of the transfer of multiple prenyl groups from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
polyprenyltransferase activity
The process in which the nucleotide at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified.
tRNA wobble base modification
The process in which a uridine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified.
tRNA wobble uridine modification