NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
The process in which a cytosine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified.
tRNA wobble cytosine modification
An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm.
podosome
Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with four genes, in this order, are produced in the chloroplasts of vascular plants. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.
endonucleolytic cleavage of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)
Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.
maturation of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA,5S)
Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.
maturation of SSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA,5S)
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew.
nematode larval development
The process that results in the modification of the sugar of a nucleoside in tRNA at the 2'O position.
tRNA nucleoside ribose methylation
The process in which the ribose base of the nucleotide at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'O position.
wobble position ribose methylation
A structure involved in coupling stereocilia to one another in sensory hair cells There are four morphologically distinct types: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors and ankle links. Tip links and horizontal top connectors are the only inter-stereocilia links associated with mature cochlea, whereas ankle links appear during development of the auditory hair bundle.
stereocilia coupling link
A stereocilia link that is formed by a fine filament running more or less vertically upward from the tip of each shorter stereocilium to attach at a higher point on its adjacent taller neighbor. Tilting the bundle puts tension on the filaments, which pull on mechanically gated ion channels in the membrane of the stereocilia.
stereocilia tip link
A stereocilia coupling link that is composed of a fine filament present in developing stereocilia that couples the bases of individual stereocilia to one another. They are not present in mature stereocilia.
stereocilia ankle link
The multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes.
osteoclast proliferation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larva is the early, immature form of an that at birth or hatching is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose before assuming the adult characters.
larval development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the instar larva or pupa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
instar larval or pupal development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This begins with the newly hatched first-instar larva, through its maturation to the end of the last larval stage. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
instar larval development
The expansion of a mammary stem cell population by cell division. Mammary stem cells are a source of cells for growth of the mammary gland during puberty and gestation. These cells can give rise to both the luminal and myoepithelial cell types of the gland, and can regenerate the entire organ.
mammary stem cell proliferation
The multiplication or reproduction of male germ cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
male germ cell proliferation
A protein complex with palmitoyltransferase activity.
palmitoyltransferase complex
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein.
cytoplasmic translation
The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in the cytoplasm.
cytoplasmic translational elongation
The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.
cytoplasmic translational initiation
The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in the cytoplasm, usually in response to a termination codon.
cytoplasmic translational termination
A protein complex having creatine kinase activity.
creatine kinase complex
The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a Cap and 5' end independent fashion before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate mRNA or circRNA translation.
cap-independent translational initiation
The process where the cap structure, composed of a 7- methylguanosine (m7G) group and associated cap-binding proteins, located at the 5' end of an mRNA molecule, which serves as a molecular tag that marks the spot where the 40S ribosomal subunit, is recruited and will then scan in a 5' to 3' direction until an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate mRNA translation.
cap-dependent translational initiation
The somatic process allowing for the production of immune receptors whose specificity is not encoded in the germline genomic sequences.
somatic diversification of immune receptors
Any process that initiates an innate immune response. Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. Examples of this process include activation of the hypersensitive response of Arabidopsis thaliana and activation of any NOD or TLR signaling pathway in vertebrate species.
activation of innate immune response
Reactions triggered in response to the presence of oomycetes that act to protect the cell or organism.
defense response to oomycetes
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an oomycetes.
response to oomycetes
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a parasitic plant.
response to parasitic plant
Any process contributing to lymphocyte anergy, a state of functional inactivation.
lymphocyte anergy
Any process of the immune system that executes a component of an immune response. An effector immune process takes place after its activation.
immune effector process
Any process that initiates an immune response.
activation of immune response
A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell that occur as a result of by-products of tissue damage, including collagen, cartilage, and basement membrane. The ultimate product of the kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.
kinin cascade
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the kinin cascade.
regulation of kinin cascade
The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of lymphocytes such that the total number of lymphocytes within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.
lymphocyte homeostasis
The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of myeloid cells such that the total number of myeloid cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.
myeloid cell homeostasis
A change in the morphology or behavior of a follicular dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.
follicular dendritic cell activation
A change in the morphology or behavior of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.
plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation
The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell.
plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation
The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a myeloid progenitor cell. Myeloid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the myeloid lineages.
myeloid progenitor cell differentiation
The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a lymphoid progenitor cell. Lymphoid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the lymphoid lineages.
lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation
The process leading up to expression of the pre-B cell receptor on the surface of pre-B cells, starting with the recombination of an immunuglobulin heavy chain locus, including expression of the surrogate light chain, the association of the surrogate light chain with the heavy chain, and expression of the complete pre-B cell receptor on the cell surface. pre-B cell receptor expression is a key checkpoint in the transition of pro-B cell to pre-B cell.
pre-B cell receptor expression
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a tumor cell.
response to tumor cell
A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell occurring in response to tissue damage and initiated within blood plasma by the action of activated Factor XII (Hageman Factor) on prekallikrein to convert it to plasma kallikrein, and the subsequent reaction of plasma kallikrein with high molecular weight kininogen. The ultimate product of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade is bradykinin, an agent known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.
plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade
Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a dendritic cell.
dendritic cell cytokine production
Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a myeloid dendritic cell.
myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production
Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a plasmacytoid dendritic cell.
plasmacytoid dendritic cell cytokine production
Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats.
immune system process
Immune response taking place in the Peyer's patch, nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine.
immune response in Peyer's patch
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC protein complex.
MHC protein complex assembly
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.
MHC class I protein complex assembly
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class Ib protein complex. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules.
MHC class Ib protein complex assembly
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class II protein complex.
MHC class II protein complex assembly
The movement of a dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.
dendritic cell chemotaxis
The movement of a myeloid dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.
myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis
A process of tolerance induction dependent on T cells which leads to immunological tolerance of a tumor.
T cell tolerance induction to tumor cell
A process of tolerance induction which leads to immunological tolerance of a tumor.
tolerance induction to tumor cell
The process of transporting immunoglobulin, via transcytosis, from one side of an epithelial cell to the other.
immunoglobulin transcytosis in epithelial cells
An immune system process that functions in the response of an organism to a tumor cell.
immune response to tumor cell
An immune response mediated by a natural killer cell triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell.
natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell
An immune response mediated by a T cell triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell.
T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell
Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal tissues.
mucosal tolerance induction
The formation of nodular inflammatory lesions, usually small or granular, firm, persistent, well-structured, and containing compactly grouped T lymphocytes and modified phagocytes such as epithelioid cells, giant cells, and other macrophages. Granuloma formation represents a chronic inflammatory response initiated by various infectious and noninfectious agents. The center of a granuloma consists of fused macrophages, which can become necrotic.
granuloma formation
A process directed at removing immune complexes from the body. Immune complexes are clusters of antibodies bound to antigen, to which complement may also be fixed, and which may precipitate or remain in solution.
immune complex clearance
The process of immune complex clearance by monocytes or macrophages.
immune complex clearance by monocytes and macrophages
An inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus, which can be include any number of T cell or B cell epitopes.
inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
An acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response.
acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
A chronic inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. A chronic inflammatory response persists indefinitely during days, weeks, or months in the life of an individual.
chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis, cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell, or mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors.
type II hypersensitivity
Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil.
neutrophil mediated immunity
Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by an eosinophil.
eosinophil mediated immunity
Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a mast cell.
mast cell mediated immunity
An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by B cells. The first encounter with antigen elicits a primary immune response that is slow and not of great magnitude. T and B cells selected by antigen become activated and undergo clonal expansion. A fraction of antigen-reactive T and B cells become memory cells, whereas others differentiate into effector cells. The memory cells generated during the primary response enable a much faster and stronger secondary immune response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus.
adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains
Tolerance induction in response to nonself antigens.
tolerance induction to nonself antigen
Tolerance induction in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues.
peripheral tolerance induction
The process in which germinal centers form. A germinal center is a specialized microenvironment formed when activated B cells enter lymphoid follicles. Germinal centers are the foci for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation.
germinal center formation
The process in which a dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.
dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation
The process in which a myeloid dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.
myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation
The process in which a plasmacytoid dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.
plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation
The process in which a monocyte expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.
monocyte antigen processing and presentation
The process in which a macrophage expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.
macrophage antigen processing and presentation
The process in which a non-professional antigen presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. Non-professional antigen presenting cells include all cell types but dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils.
non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation
The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 or HLA-E gene families.
antigen processing and presentation via MHC class Ib
The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein contributing to antigen processing and presentation.
proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation
The binding of a peptide to the antigen binding groove of an MHC protein complex.
peptide antigen assembly with MHC protein complex
A process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it.
tolerance induction
Tolerance induction in the central lymphoid organs: the thymus and bone marrow.
central tolerance induction
Tolerance induction directed at self antigens.
tolerance induction to self antigen
The movement of a lymphocyte to cross a high endothelial venule in response to an external stimulus.
lymphocyte chemotaxis across high endothelial venule
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system whose objective is to provide calibrated responses by an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat, over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process.
immune system development
An acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimuli such as heat or physical trauma.
acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus
Inflammation which comprises a rapid, short-lived, relatively uniform response to acute injury or antigenic challenge and is characterized by accumulations of fluid, plasma proteins, and granulocytic leukocytes. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response.
acute inflammatory response
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade.
regulation of plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade
Any process activating plasma proteins by proteolysis as part of an acute inflammatory response.
activation of plasma proteins involved in acute inflammatory response
Inflammation of prolonged duration (weeks or months) in which active inflammation, tissue destruction, and attempts at repair are proceeding simultaneously. Although it may follow acute inflammation, chronic inflammation frequently begins insidiously, as a low-grade, smoldering, often asymptomatic response.
chronic inflammatory response
A chronic inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus such as heat or physical trauma.
chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus
The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus.
monocyte chemotaxis
The movement of a mast cell in response to an external stimulus.
mast cell chemotaxis
The regulated release of histamine by a mast cell or group of mast cells.
histamine secretion by mast cell
Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a basophil.
basophil mediated immunity
The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a basophil.
basophil degranulation
The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through recombination of the germline genetic elements within a single genetic locus.
somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus
The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through alternate splicing.
somatic diversification of immune receptors via alternate splicing
The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through gene conversion.
somatic diversification of immune receptors via gene conversion
The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through somatic mutation.
somatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation
The addition of variable numbers of random nucleotides by terminal deoxytransferase in the N regions of heavy chain immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes. N regions are found at the V-D, D-D, V-J, and D-J recombinational junctions, depending on the immune receptor gene.
somatic diversification of immune receptors by N region addition