NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the salivary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Salivary glands include any of the saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity.
salivary gland development
The process in which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized.
salivary gland morphogenesis
The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized.
foregut morphogenesis
The process in which the anatomical structures of the anterior midgut (ectodermal) are generated and organized.
anterior midgut (ectodermal) morphogenesis
The process in which the anatomical structures of the hindgut are generated and organized.
hindgut morphogenesis
The process in which the anatomical structures of the Malpighian tubule are generated and organized. This process takes place entirely during the embryonic phase. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which leads into the posterior part of the gut.
Malpighian tubule morphogenesis
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the imaginal disc over time, from its formation to the metamorphosis to form adult structures. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult structures (legs, antennae, wings, etc.).
imaginal disc development
Allocation of embryonic cells to the imaginal disc founder populations, groups of cells that are committed to contribute to the formation of an imaginal disc compartment.
determination of imaginal disc primordium
The increase in mass of imaginal discs by cell proliferation prior to metamorphosis. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult structures (legs, antennae, wings, etc.) during metamorphosis from larval to adult form.
imaginal disc growth
The regionalization process that results in defined areas of the imaginal disc that will undergo specific cell differentaiton. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult appendages (legs, antennae, wings, etc.) during metamorphosis from larval to adult form.
imaginal disc pattern formation
The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis of the imaginal disc. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that rapidly develop into adult appendages during metamorphosis from larval to adult form.
anterior/posterior pattern specification, imaginal disc
The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the proximal/distal axis of the imaginal disc. Imaginal disks are masses of hypodermic cells, carried by the larvae of some insects after leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult are subsequently formed.
proximal/distal pattern formation, imaginal disc
The process in which the R7 photoreceptor commits to its cell fate. The R7 receptor contributes the central part of the rhabdomere in the apical parts of the ommatidium.
R7 cell fate commitment
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the antenna over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The antenna are the sensory structures on the head that are capable of detecting various environmental stimuli.
antennal development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal part of the body over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
notum development
The process in which the anatomical structures of a leg derived from an imaginal disc are generated and organized. A leg is a limb on which an animal walks and stands. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
imaginal disc-derived leg morphogenesis
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the haltere over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The haltere is the club-shaped 'balancers' found on each side of the metathorax among the true flies (Diptera). They are the much-modified hind wings.
haltere development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the analia over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is analia development in Drosophila melanogaster.
analia development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endoderm is the innermost germ layer that develops into the gastrointestinal tract, the lungs and associated tissues.
endoderm development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midgut is the middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine.
midgut development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesoderm is the middle germ layer that develops into muscle, bone, cartilage, blood and connective tissue.
mesoderm development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fat body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A fat body is an insect gland dorsal to the insect gut, with a function analogous to that of the vertebrate liver. It is a storage organ for fats, glycogen and protein and is a major site of intermediary metabolism.
fat body development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work.
muscle organ development
The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a myoblast regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
myoblast fate determination
A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.
myoblast fusion
The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a muscle cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.
muscle cell fate determination
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the visceral muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
visceral muscle development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the somatic muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Somatic muscles are striated muscle structures that connect to the exoskeleton or cuticle.
somatic muscle development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larval somatic muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
larval somatic muscle development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adult somatic muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
adult somatic muscle development
Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism.
sex determination
Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of mating type upon an individual. Mating types are the equivalent in microorganisms of the sexes in higher organisms.
mating type determination
The sex determination process that results in the initial specification of sexual status of an individual organism.
primary sex determination
The transmission of information about sexual status from the initial, general, determination to signals specific to the soma.
primary sex determination, soma
The transmission of information about sexual status, from the initial general determination, to signals specific to the germ-line.
primary sex determination, germ-line
The sex determination processes that take place after the initial transmission of the sexual phenotype to specific information pathways.
processes downstream of sex determination signal
The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation.
sex differentiation
A biological process in which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's form or structure. Examples include the change from tadpole to frog, and the change from larva to adult. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
metamorphosis
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of ecdysteroid from a cell.
regulation of ecdysteroid secretion
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of juvenile hormone secretion.
regulation of juvenile hormone secretion
The emergence of an adult insect from a pupa case.
eclosion
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the emergence of an insect from a pupa-case or of a larva from an egg.
regulation of eclosion
The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
digestion
The elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. These products include water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogenous compounds.
excretion
The controlled release of a fluid by a cell or tissue in an animal.
body fluid secretion
A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the interactions among high molecular weight kininogen, prekallikrein, and factor XII that lead to the activation of clotting factor X.
blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway
A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the self-limited process linking exposure and activation of tissue factor to the activation of clotting factor X.
blood coagulation, extrinsic pathway
The stopping of bleeding (loss of body fluid) or the arrest of the circulation to an organ or part.
hemostasis
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.
sensory perception
The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time.
learning or memory
Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience.
learning
The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).
memory
The act of sexual union between male and female, involving the transfer of sperm.
copulation
The specific actions or reactions of an organism that recur with a regularity more frequent than every 24 hours.
ultradian rhythm
The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus.
jump response
Any protein complex that interacts with RNA polymerase II to increase (positive transcription elongation factor) or reduce (negative transcription elongation factor) the rate of transcription elongation.
transcription elongation factor complex
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ocellus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ocellus is a simple visual organ of insects.
ocellus development
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.
regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization
Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.
glutamate receptor activity
Functions in the termination of translation.
translation termination factor activity
Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.
N-acetyltransferase activity
Binding to a protein component of a cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton).
cytoskeletal protein binding
Binding to a 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome.
5S rRNA binding
Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.
actin polymerization or depolymerization
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the carbon atom of an acceptor molecule.
C-methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule.
N-methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of an acceptor molecule.
O-methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the sulfur atom of an acceptor molecule.
S-methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in an RNA molecule.
RNA methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an mRNA molecule.
mRNA methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in a tRNA molecule.
tRNA methyltransferase activity
Binding to a stretch of pyrimidines (cytosine or uracil) in an RNA molecule.
poly-pyrimidine tract binding
Combining with a neuropeptide to initiate a change in cell activity.
neuropeptide receptor activity
Catalysis of the posttranscriptional addition of a guanyl residue to the 5' end of an RNA molecule.
RNA guanylyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from a UDP-sugar to a small hydrophobic molecule.
UDP-glycosyltransferase activity
Binds to and stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of an ion channel.
ion channel inhibitor activity
The production of light by certain enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cells.
bioluminescence
The process in which a microorganism (or other particulate material) is rendered more susceptible to phagocytosis by coating with an opsonin, a blood serum protein such as a complement component or antibody.
opsonization
A heterodimeric complex containing the products of the insect genes Ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp). Binding of ecdysone promotes association between the two subunits, and the receptor complex then initiates molting and metamorphosis by binding DNA and regulating the transcription of target genes.
ecdysone receptor holocomplex
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.
metalloexopeptidase activity
A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein.
protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex
Binding to a lipid.
lipid binding
A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, thereby regulating the polymerization of actin monomers but not severing actin filaments.
F-actin capping protein complex
Catalysis of the covalent addition of an isoprenoid group such as a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl group via thioether linkages to a cysteine residue in a protein.
protein prenyltransferase activity
A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.
ionotropic glutamate receptor complex
The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes.
endosome to lysosome transport
Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs in response to (repeated) exposure to an olfactory cue.
olfactory learning
The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by gradients of maternally-transcribed gene products; exemplified in insects by the morphogens, bicoid and nanos.
maternal determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo
Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.
regulation of cell shape
Catalysis of the transfer of sialic acid to an acceptor molecule, typically the terminal portions of the sialylated glycolipids (gangliosides) or to the N- or O-linked sugar chains of glycoproteins.
sialyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
O-acyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.
galactosyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 5' end.
5'-3' exonuclease activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a coenzyme A (CoA) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
CoA-transferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.
fucosyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a phosphofructose substrate molecule.
phosphofructokinase activity
Catalysis of the formation of a phosphodiester bond between a hydroxyl group at the end of one RNA chain and the phosphate group at the end of another.
RNA ligase activity
Enables the transfer of monoamines, organic compounds that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by an ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-), from one side of a membrane to the other.
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity
Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexose(out) = hexose(in).
hexose uniporter activity
The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that directly associates with the proteasome core complex.
proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex
The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that forms the peripheral lid, which is added on top of the base subcomplex.
proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex
The morphological and physiological alterations undergone by mitochondria during apoptosis.
apoptotic mitochondrial changes
Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an rRNA molecule.
rRNA methyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-nucleosyl)tetraphosphate into two nucleotides.
bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: D-gluconate + NADP+ = dehydro-D-gluconate + NADPH + H+.
gluconate dehydrogenase activity
Catalysis of the integration of one DNA segment into another.
integrase activity
Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage of oligonucleotides to yield nucleoside 5'-phosphates.
oligonucleotidase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (d)UMP = ADP + (d)UDP.
UMP/dUMP kinase activity
The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.
aerobic respiration
The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which uses compounds other than oxygen (e.g. nitrate, sulfate) as the terminal electron acceptor.
anaerobic respiration
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nourishment.
cellular response to starvation
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
response to pH
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a humidity stimulus, moisture in the atmosphere.
response to humidity
The region of a virus, bacterial cell, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the nucleic acid is confined.
nucleoid
The synthesis of antisense RNA, an RNA molecule complementary in sequence to another RNA or DNA molecule, which, by binding the latter, acts to inhibit its function and/or completion of synthesis, on a template of DNA.
antisense RNA transcription
The synthesis of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) from a DNA template.
snRNA transcription
An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of nitrate from nitrite with the concomitant reduction of an acceptor.
nitrate reductase complex
A heterotetrameric enzyme complex made up of two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. Part of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex. Catalyzes the transfer of a carboxyl group to form malonyl-CoA.
acetate CoA-transferase complex
Complex that possesses DNA topoisomerase II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) activity.
DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) complex
A protein complex comprised of members of the ClpX, ClpC, ClpD, ClpP or ClpR protein families. ClpPs are the proteolytic subunit of active complexes, and ClpA and ClpX form the regulatory subunits. Enzymatically active and inactive complexes can form.
endopeptidase Clp complex
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.
response to light stimulus
A plastid whose main function is to synthesize and store starch.
amyloplast
A thylakoid membrane complex of chlorophylls a and b together with chlorophyll a-b binding proteins. In addition, LHCs contain a number of other proteins, the function of which is speculative, together with accessory pigments. The LHCs capture and transfer energy to photosystems I and II. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
thylakoid light-harvesting complex
A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma.
chloroplast
A circular DNA molecule containing plastid encoded genes.
plastid chromosome
A plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments.
chromoplast
A plastid arrested in the development of chloroplasts from proplastids due to absence of light or low light conditions.
etioplast
A specialized form of peroxisome that contains the enzymes of the glyoxylate pathway. The glyoxysome is found in some plant cells, notably the cells of germinating seeds.
glyoxysome
A colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes.
leucoplast