NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
protein anabolism
protein biosynthesis
protein biosynthetic process
protein formation
protein synthesis
protein translation
The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.
biopolymerisation
biopolymerization
protein synthesis initiation
translation initiation
The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis.
protein synthesis elongation
translation elongation
The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code).
protein synthesis termination
translation termination
translational complex disassembly
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
regulation of protein anabolism
regulation of protein biosynthesis
regulation of protein formation
regulation of protein synthesis
The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA and the alpha carboxylic acid group of an amino acid, to be used in ribosome-mediated polypeptide synthesis.
tRNA charging
Any process that modulates the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code.
regulation of translational accuracy
The continuation of translation beyond a stop codon by the use of a special tRNA that recognizes the UAG and UGA codons as modified amino acids, rather than as termination codons.
natural nonsense suppression
The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure.
alpha-tubulin folding
beta-tubulin folding
chaperone activity
chaperonin ATPase activity
chaperonin-mediated tubulin folding
co-chaperone activity
co-chaperonin activity
glycoprotein-specific chaperone activity
non-chaperonin molecular chaperone ATPase activity
protein complex assembly, multichaperone pathway
The process of assisting in the folding of a nascent peptide chain into its correct tertiary structure.
nascent chain protein folding
The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell.
leader peptide processing
The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
protein amino acid phosphorylation
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.
down regulation of protein kinase activity
down-regulation of protein kinase activity
downregulation of protein kinase activity
inhibition of protein kinase activity
The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein.
protein amino acid dephosphorylation
The addition of an acetyl group to a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic  acid.
protein amino acid acetylation
The acetylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.
N(alpha)-terminal acetylation
The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic  acid.
protein amino acid deacetylation
The addition of a sulfate group as an ester to a protein amino acid.
protein amino acid sulfation
protein amino acid sulphation
The addition of a methyl group to a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.
protein amino acid methylation
The removal of a methyl group, from a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.
protein amino acid demethylation
A protein modification process that results in the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins.
protein amino acid glycosylation
protein-carbohydrate complex assembly
A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine, the omega-N of arginine, or the N1' atom peptidyl-tryptophan.
N-glycan biosynthesis
N-glycan metabolism
protein amino acid N-linked glycosylation
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide, usually by a stepwise addition of glycosyl chains to endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound dolichol-P.
dolichol-linked oligosaccharide anabolism
dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis
dolichol-linked oligosaccharide formation
dolichol-linked oligosaccharide synthesis
N-linked glycan precursor biosynthesis
N-linked glycan precursor biosynthetic process
oligosaccharide-PP-dolichol assembly
The conversion of N-linked glycan (N = nitrogen) structures from the initially transferred oligosaccharide to a mature form, by the actions of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. The early processing steps are conserved and play roles in glycoprotein folding and trafficking.
glycoprotein trimming involved in glycoprotein maturation
N-linked glycoprotein maturation
A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the hydroxyl group of peptidyl-serine, peptidyl-threonine, peptidyl-hydroxylysine, or peptidyl-hydroxyproline, or via the phenol group of peptidyl-tyrosine, forming an O-glycan.
protein amino acid O-linked glycosylation
The covalent attachment of lipid groups to an amino acid in a protein.
lipid:protein modification
protein amino acid lipidation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, molecular mechanisms for attaching membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Structurally they consist of a molecule of phosphatidylinositol to which is linked, via the C-6 hydroxyl of the inositol, a carbohydrate chain. This chain is in turn linked to the protein through an ethanolamine phosphate group, the amino group of which is in amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein chain, the phosphate group being esterified to the C-6 hydroxyl of the terminal mannose of the core carbohydrate chain.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol metabolic process
glycosylphosphatidylinositol metabolism
GPI anchor metabolism
GPI/GSI anchor metabolic process
GPI/GSI anchor metabolism
The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
ATP-dependent proteolysis
peptidolysis
The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain).
ectoderm shedding
ectodomain cleavage
membrane protein solubilization
receptor shedding
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein.
myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown
myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism
myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation
protein degradation tagging activity
protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown
protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism
protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation
protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
protein ubiquitinylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
protein ubiquitinylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism
protein ubiquitylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
protein ubiquitylation during ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism
ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism
ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation
ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis
Addition of a single ubiquitin group to a protein.
protein monoubiquitinylation
protein monoubiquitylation
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded or attenuated proteins.
degradation of misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins
misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein breakdown
misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein catabolic process
misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein catabolism
misfolded or incompletely synthesized protein degradation
protein quality control (PQC)
protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.
glycoprotein breakdown
glycoprotein catabolism
glycoprotein degradation
The removal of sugar residues from a glycosylated protein.
glycoprotein deglycosylation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another.
peptide metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.
amino acid and derivative metabolism
cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
cellular amino acid metabolic process
cellular amino acid metabolism
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids.
regulation of amino acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid.
alanine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid.
alanine anabolism
alanine biosynthesis
alanine formation
alanine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid.
alanine breakdown
alanine catabolism
alanine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.
arginine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.
arginine anabolism
arginine biosynthesis
arginine formation
arginine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.
arginine breakdown
arginine catabolism
arginine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.
asparagine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.
asparagine anabolism
asparagine biosynthesis
asparagine formation
asparagine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.
asparagine breakdown
asparagine catabolism
asparagine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.
aspartate metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.
cysteine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.
glutamate metabolism
glutamic acid metabolic process
glutamic acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.
glutamate anabolism
glutamate biosynthesis
glutamate biosynthesis, using glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)
glutamate biosynthesis, using glutamate synthase (NADPH)
glutamate biosynthetic process, using glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)
glutamate biosynthetic process, using glutamate synthase (NADPH)
glutamate formation
glutamate synthesis
glutamic acid biosynthesis
glutamic acid biosynthetic process
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.
glutamate breakdown
glutamate catabolism
glutamate deamidation
glutamate degradation
glutamic acid catabolic process
glutamic acid catabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.
glutamine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.
glutamine anabolism
glutamine biosynthesis
glutamine formation
glutamine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycine, aminoethanoic acid.
glycine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine, aminoethanoic acid.
glycine anabolism
glycine biosynthesis
glycine formation
glycine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid.
glycine breakdown
glycine catabolism
glycine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.
histidine metabolic process
histidine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.
histidine breakdown
histidine catabolic process
histidine catabolism
histidine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.
isoleucine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.
L-leucine metabolism
leucine metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways involving lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
lysine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
lysine breakdown
lysine catabolism
lysine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
methionine and threonine metabolic process
methionine and threonine metabolism
methionine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-phenylalanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.
L-phenylalanine metabolism
phenylalanine metabolic process
phenylalanine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine, 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.
L-phenylalanine breakdown
L-phenylalanine catabolism
L-phenylalanine degradation
phenylalanine catabolic process
phenylalanine catabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
proline metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
proline anabolism
proline biosynthesis
proline formation
proline synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
proline breakdown
proline catabolism
proline degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.
L-serine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
methionine and threonine metabolic process
methionine and threonine metabolism
threonine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
threonine breakdown
threonine catabolism
threonine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.
tryptophan metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.
tryptophan breakdown
tryptophan catabolic process, using tryptophanase
tryptophan catabolism
tryptophan catabolism, using tryptophanase
tryptophan degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.
tyrosine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.
tyrosine anabolism
tyrosine biosynthesis
tyrosine formation
tyrosine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.
tyrosine breakdown
tyrosine catabolism
tyrosine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.
valine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.
valine breakdown
valine catabolism
valine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.
amino acid derivative metabolic process
cellular amino acid derivative metabolic process
cellular amino acid derivative metabolism
cellular modified amino acid metabolic process
cellular modified amino acid metabolism
modified amino acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells involving any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters.
biogenic amine metabolism
cellular biogenic amine metabolic process
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
betaine metabolic process
betaine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
betaine anabolism
betaine biosynthesis
betaine biosynthetic process
betaine formation
betaine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.
betaine breakdown
betaine catabolic process
betaine catabolism
betaine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).
ethanolamine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline.
acetylcholine breakdown
acetylcholine catabolism
acetylcholine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom.
melanin metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.
catecholamine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group.
indolalkylamine metabolism
indolamine metabolic process
indolamine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.
ornithine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.
ornithine breakdown
ornithine catabolism
ornithine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.
polyamine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.
polyamine anabolism
polyamine biosynthesis
polyamine formation
polyamine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.
polyamine breakdown
polyamine catabolism
polyamine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphagen, any of a group of guanidine phosphates that occur in muscle and can be used to regenerate ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.
phosphagen metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving creatine (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine), a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle.
creatine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of creatinine, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4H-imidazol-4-one, an end product of creatine metabolism and a normal constituent of urine.
creatinine breakdown
creatinine catabolism
creatinine degradation
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine present in high concentration in striated muscle which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase to buffer ATP concentration. It acts as an immediate energy reserve for muscle.
phosphocreatine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphoarginine, a phosphagen of L-arginine with phosphoric acid containing the phosphoamide bond. It is a source of energy in the contraction of muscle in invertebrates, corresponding to phosphocreatine in the muscles of vertebrates.
phosphoarginine metabolism
The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif.
nascent polypeptide association
protein sorting along secretory pathway
The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
establishment of protein localization to nucleus
protein import into cell nucleus
protein nucleus import
protein transport from cytoplasm to nucleus
The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
copper-induced protein export from nucleus
protein export from cell nucleus
protein export out of nucleus
protein transport from nucleus to cytoplasm
protein-nucleus export
The process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein.
protein membrane targeting
protein-membrane targeting
The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation. The transport of most secretory proteins, particularly those with more than 100 amino acids, into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen occurs in this manner, as does the import of some proteins into mitochondria.
cotranslational membrane targeting
cotranslational protein membrane targeting
cotranslational protein-membrane targeting