NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of a sympathetic neuron axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
sympathetic neuron axon chemotaxis
sympathetic neuron axon growth cone guidance
sympathetic neuron axon pathfinding
A process in which a receptor is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-motile cilium.
receptor localization to nonmotile primary cilium
Nuclear bodies frequently found near or associated with Cajal bodies (also called coiled bodies or CBs). Gemini of coiled bodies, or 'gems', are similar in size and shape to CBs, and often indistinguishable under the microscope. Unlike CBs, gems do not contain small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs); they contain a protein called survivor of motor neurons (SMN) whose function relates to snRNP biogenesis. Gems are believed to assist CBs in snRNP biogenesis, and to play a role in the etiology of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
Gems
DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated adenine (hypoxanthine).
hypoxanthine-DNA glycosylase activity
DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated guanine (xanthine).
xanthine-DNA glycosylase activity
DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated guanine where the resulting base (oxanine) is generated by NO- or HNO2-induced nitrosative deamination.
oxanine-DNA glycosylase activity
A multiprotein complex involved in damage recognition, DNA helix unwinding, and endonucleolytic cleavage at the site of DNA damage.
UvrA(2)-UvrB(2) complex
UvrA(2)B(2) complex
UvrB dimer
A protein-DNA-RNA complex composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript.
transcription protein-DNA-RNA complex
The series of molecular signals which triggers the necroptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, is characterized by activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and/or 3 (RIPK1/3, also called RIP1/3), and ends when the execution phase of necroptosis is triggered.
necroptosis signaling
necroptosis signaling pathway
necroptotic signal transduction
necroptotic signalling pathway
A stage of the necroptotic process that starts after a necroptotic signal has been relayed to the execution machinery. Key steps of the execution phase are swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. The execution phase ends when the cell has died.
execution phase of necroptotic process
necroptosis
necroptotic execution phase
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in cellular homeostasis caused by the chemical structure of the anion portion of a dissociated acid (rather than the acid acting as a proton donor). The acid chemical may be in gaseous, liquid or solid form.
cellular response to acid stress
cellular stress response to acid
A Y-shaped protein complex in the ciliary transition zone that connects the cilium axoneme to the ciliary necklace. Both protein sorting and protein gating occur at this point in the cilium allowing some, but not all proteins to enter the cilium.
membrane-microtubule complex
Y-link
Y-link structure
Y-shaped assemblage
Y-shaped fiber
Y-shaped fibre
Y-shaped linker
A protein complex located on the cilium membrane in the ciliary transition zone; it is connected to the cilium axoneme via Y-shaped links.
cilial necklace
cilium necklace
A nine-bladed, propeller-like protein complex that links the distal end of the basal body and the cilium to the plasma membrane. Functions in protein sorting and gating (i.e. active and passive transport of proteins in and out of the cilium).
centriolar distal appendage
cilial transition fiber
cilial transition fibre
ciliary transition fibre
cilium transition fiber
cilium transition fibre
distal appendage of basal body
distal appendage of centriole
distal appendage of mother centriole
transition fiber
transition fibre
Part of the axoneme consisting of a highly electron-dense region at the distal end of the ciliary transition zone within the axonemal lumen at which the axonemal central pair of microtubules is connected to the rest of the axonemal structure.
axoneme basal plate
basal plate
Part of the cilium where the axoneme ends. The ciliary tip has been implicated in ciliary assembly and disassembly, as well as signal transduction.
cilial tip
cilium tip
flagellar tip
flagellum tip
Proximal part of the ciliary shaft to which the inversin protein (also called Inv) specifically localizes. The inversin compartment appears to have a different protein composition than the rest of the cilium, although there is no structure that separates it form the distal part of the cilium.
cilial inversin compartment
cilium inversin compartment
flagellar inversin compartment
flagellum inversin compartment
Inv compartment of the cilium
inversin compartment
The mid part of a cilium between the ciliary base and ciliary tip that extends into the extracellular space.
cilial shaft
cilium shaft
flagellar shaft
flagellum shaft
Area of the cilium (also called flagellum) where the basal body and the axoneme are anchored to the plasma membrane. The ciliary base encompasses the distal part of the basal body, transition fibers and transition zone and is structurally and functionally very distinct from the rest of the cilium. In this area proteins are sorted and filtered before entering the cilium, and many ciliary proteins localize specifically to this area.
cilial base
cilium base
flagellar base
flagellum base
A cytoplasmic vesicle composed of both tubulovesicular and clear core vesicles that transport synaptic vesicle-associated proteins. Proteins carried by synaptic vesicle protein transport vesicles (STVs) include synaptophysin, synapsin Ia, synaptotagmin and synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2). STVs are packaged via the trans-Golgi network before being transported through the axon.
STV
A protein-DNA complex composed of proteins binding promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription.
DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex
PIC
preinitiation complex
transcriptional pre-initiation complex
transcriptional preinitiation complex
The repair of a double-strand break in mitochondrial DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences.
mtDSB repair via homologous recombination
A non-membrane bound, semi-organized microtubule array of unknown function found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is located on the dorsal side of the trophozoite, slightly posterior to the ventral disc.
parabasal body
The process of binding or confining copper ions in an extracellular area such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.
extracellular copper ion retention
extracellular copper ion sequestering
extracellular copper ion sequestration
extracellular copper ion storage
extracellular retention of copper ion
extracellular sequestration of copper ion
extracellular storage of copper ion
The process of binding or confining copper ions in an intracellular area such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.
intracellular copper ion retention
intracellular copper ion sequestering
intracellular copper ion sequestration
intracellular copper ion storage
intracellular retention of copper ion
intracellular sequestration of copper ion
intracellular storage of copper ion
A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt1p-Pmt2p.
Pmt1p-Pmt2p complex
A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt1p-Pmt3p.
Pmt1p-Pmt3p complex
A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt5p-Pmt2p.
Pmt5p-Pmt2p complex
A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt5p-Pmt3p.
Pmt5p-Pmt3p complex
A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt4p.
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt4p dimer
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt4p-Pmt4p dimer complex
Pmt4p-Pmt4p complex
A non-membrane-bounded organelle superficially similar to a bacterial-type flagellum; they both consist of filaments extending outside the cell, and rotate to propel the cell, but the archaeal flagella (also called archaella) have a unique structure which lacks a central channel. Similar to bacterial type IV pilins, the archaeal flagellins (archaellins) are made with class 3 signal peptides and they are processed by a type IV prepilin peptidase-like enzyme. The archaellins are typically modified by the addition of N-linked glycans which are necessary for proper assembly and/or function.
archaeal flagellum
archaella
archaellum
Cell motility due to the motion of one or more archaeal-type flagella. An archaeal-type flagellum (also called archaellum) is a non-membrane-bounded organelle superficially similar to a bacterial-type flagellum, but having a different molecular structure and lacking a central channel.
archaeal-type flagellar cell motility
Fibrillar repetitive structure surrounding the ventral disc edge in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). The composition of the lateral crest is not fully known yet.
lateral crest
ventral disk lateral crest
A region of the ventral disc of Giardia species (trophozoite stage) where two portions of the same array of microtubules overlap (the microtubule array makes a complete circle and overlaps on itself).
overlap zone
ventral disk overlap zone
A part of the ventral disc of Giardia species (trophozoite stage) consisting of a spiral array of microtubules linked to the ventral membrane. These microtubules form the base of the ventral disc dorsal microribbons that extend nearly perpendicular from the membrane.
spiral microtubule array
ventral disc spiral microtubule array
ventral disk microtubule array
Trilaminar structure extending perpendicularly into the cytoplasm along the length of ventral disc microtubules in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). Constituents of dorsal microribbons (also called dorsal ribbons or microribbons) include alpha-coiled-helix proteins approximately 29 to 38 kDa in size. These proteins line the edges of the microribbons but are not found in microtubules. Tubulins are not found in microribbons.
dorsal microribbon
dorsal ribbon
microribbon
ventral disk dorsal microribbon
Structure horizontally linking adjacent microribbons of the ventral disc in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). The composition of crossbridges is not fully known yet.
crossbridge
ventral disk crossbridge
A partial left-handed spiral array of microtubules that lies generally dorsal to the main ventral disc microtubule array in Giardia species (trophozoite stage).
supernumerary microtubule array
ventral disk supernumerary microtubule array
A small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane that is generally retained in spermatozoa after spermiogenesis, when the majority of the cytoplasm is phagocytosed by Sertoli cells to produce what are called residual bodies. Initially, the droplet is located at the neck just behind the head of an elongated spermatid. During epididymal transit, the cytoplasmic droplet migrates caudally to the annulus at the end of the midpiece; the exact position and time varies by species. The cytoplasmic droplet consists of lipids, lipoproteins, RNAs, a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, receptors, ion channels, and Golgi-derived vesicles. The droplet may be involved in regulatory volume loss (RVD) at ejaculation, and in most species, though not in humans, the cytoplasmic droplet is lost at ejaculation. Note that the cytoplasmic droplet is distinct from 'excessive residual cytoplasm' that sometimes remains in epididymal spermatozoa, particularly when spermiogenesis has been disrupted.
sperm residual cytoplasm
A retina homeostatic process preventing the degeneration of a retina blood vessel.
maintenance of choriocapillaris
maintenance of retina blood vessel
maintenance of retinal blood vessel
Binding to a member of the cullin family, hydrophobic proteins that act as scaffolds for ubiquitin ligases (E3).
cullin binding
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens in response to a temperature stimulus (e.g. exposure to a temperature range different than the optimal temperature for that organism).
heat-activated cation channel activity
temperature gated cation channel activity
temperature-activated cation channel activity
temperature-dependent cation channel activity
A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It coils around the cell and provides the forward thrust for motility. It is often contained in a furrow called the cingulum, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the cingulum.
transverse cilium
A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It trails the cell and acts as a steering rudder. It is often partially contained in a furrow called the sulcus, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the sulcus.
longitudinal cilium
A cell surface furrow that wraps around a dinoflagellate cell; the transverse flagellum lies in it.
cingulum
girdle
transverse groove
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the type IV pilus-dependent motility of a symbiont organism (i.e. the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili, and which includes social gliding motility and twitching motility). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
positive regulation by host of bacterial type IV pilus-dependent motility
A dinoflagellate sulcus that extends all the way to the posterior end of the cell (also known as antapex). The presence of a sulcal notch makes the dinoflagellate hypocone appear bilobed.
dinoflagellate sulcus notch
sulcal notch
A protein complex that acts as a protein trafficking machinery and is responsible for the export of proteins across the parasitophorous (symbiont-containing) vacuolar membrane and into the human host cell. The PTEX complex is located in the vacuole membrane. It is ATP-powered, and comprises heat shock protein 101 (HSP101; a ClpA/B-like ATPase from the AAA+ superfamily, of a type commonly associated with protein translocons), a parasite protein termed PTEX150, and exported protein 2 (EXP2). EXP2 is the potential channel, as it is the membrane-associated component of the core PTEX complex. Two other proteins, PTEX88 and thioredoxin 2 (TRX2), were also identified as PTEX components.
Plasmodium translocon of exported proteins
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate + acceptor = phenylglyoxylate + reduced acceptor.
D-mandelate dehydrogenase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2.
amine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) activity
The directed movement of UDP-galactose into the Golgi lumen across the Golgi membrane.
UDP-galactose import into Golgi lumen
Enables the transfer of L-arginine from one side of a membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.
low affinity L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity
Enables the transfer of L-ornithine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.
high affinity L-ornithine transmembrane transporter activity
The component of the omegasome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
extrinsic to omegasome membrane
omegasome peripheral membrane
The component of the phagophore assembly site membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
extrinsic component of pre-autophagosomal structure membrane
extrinsic to phagophore assembly site membrane
phagophore assembly site peripheral membrane
The directed movement of L-ornithine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.
L-ornithine import into cell
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) + O2 + xanthine = CO2 + succinate + urate.
2-oxoglutarate-dependent xanthine dioxygenase activity
alpha-ketoglutarate- and Fe(II)-dependent xanthine dioxygenase activity
alpha-ketoglutarate- and Fe(II)-dependent xanthine hydroxylase activity
An incomplete microtubule containing 10 protofilaments that fuses with a complete microtubule called A tubule (containing 13 protofilaments) to form an axonemal outer doublet.
B tubule
A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a catalytic subunit of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme and one or more adaptor proteins. There is no known obligatory regulatory subunit. The class II PI3K (PI3KC2) subfamily of genes has members in vertebrates, worm and fly, but none in yeast.
class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex
class II PI3K complex
The part of a cell encompassing the intracellular environment and the plasma membrane; it excludes any external encapsulating structures.
non-encapsulated part of cell
A cell-cell recognition process by which a cell distinguishes between self and non self during cooperative behavior, such as early development.
kin discrimination
kin recognition
self recognition
An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is Pof5 in S. pombe (YDR306C in S. cerevisiae).
SCF-YDR306C ubiquitin ligase complex
An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is YLR224W in S. cerevisiae.
SCF-YLR224W ubiquitin ligase complex
Binding to a member of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) protein family. STATs are, as the name indicates, both signal transducers and transcription factors. STATs are activated by cytokines and some growth factors and thus control important biological processes including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis and immune responses.
signal transducers and activators of transcription family protein binding
Binding to a member of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of proteins. SOCS represent an important mechanism to extinguish cytokine and growth factor receptor signaling. Individual SOCS proteins are typically induced by specific cytokines and growth factors, thereby generating a negative feedback loop. SOCS proteins have important functions in development and homeostasis, and in disease, particularly tumor suppression and anti-inflammatory functions.
suppressor of cytokine signaling family protein binding
An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that requires a number of factors important for V(D)J recombination, including the KU70/80 heterodimer (KU), XRCC4, ligase IV, and DNA-PKcs in mammals. It does not produce translocations (as opposed to the alternative nonhomologous end joining).
C-NHEJ
canonical nonhomologous end joining
An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that is independent of factors important for V(D)J recombination (as opposed to classical nonhomologous end joining). It often results in a deletion with microhomology (i.e. 5-25bp homology) at the repair junction. Among different subclasses of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), alternative NHEJ appears to play a significant role in the etiology of mutations that arise during cancer development and treatment.
A-NHEJ
alt-NHEJ
double-strand break repair via microhomology-mediated end joining
MMEJ
Enables the transmembrane transfer of cations by a channel that opens when phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
intracellular phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate-sensitive cation channel activity
intracellular phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate-sensitive monatomic cation channel activity
A cell surface furrow (or groove) found on a dinoflagellate apex. It typically loops around the apex.
apical groove
Binds to and stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of an iron ion transmembrane transporter.
iron channel inhibitor activity
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-carboxymethoxyuridine34 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 5-methoxycarbonylmethoxyuridine34 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
tRNA 5-carboxymethoxyuridine methyltransferase activity
Any response to laminar fluid shear stress in a vascular endothelial cell.
blood vessel endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress
Any response to pulsatile fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell.
blood vessel endothelial cell response to pulsatile fluid shear stress
Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell.
blood vessel endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress
The part of the viral terminase complex that acts as a phage DNA-recognition component and regulates the activity of the large subunit. The small subunit usually assembles as a heterooligomer with the large subunit.
virus terminase, small subunit
The docking of a cytosolic centriole/basal body to the plasma membrane via the ciliary transition fibers. In some species this may happen via an intermediate step, by first docking to the ciliary vesicle via the ciliary transition fibers. The basal body-ciliary vesicle then relocates to the plasma membrane, followed by the ciliary vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane, effectively attaching the basal body to the plasma membrane.
anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane
ciliary basal body docking
The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions passing through the blood-brain barrier.
copper ion transport across BBB
The directed movement of copper (Cu) ions passing through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
copper ion transport across BCB
copper ion transport across BCSFB
copper ion transport across blood-CSF barrier
copper ion transport across blood/cerebrospinal fluid barrier
copper ion transport across blood/CSF barrier
Binding to a disordered domain of a protein.
disordered protein domain specific binding
The regrowth of neural tissue following its loss or destruction.
neuroregeneration
A Golgi-derived vesicle to which the ciliary basal body docks via its transitional fibers. Its membrane is compositionally distinct from Golgi membranes, and will become the ciliary membrane once the ciliary vesicle is fused to the plasma membrane. The ciliary vesicle is thought to be formed by multiple smaller vesicles that attach to the transitional fibers and then fuse to form a larger vesicle.
CV
primary ciliary vesicle
Binding to a LEM domain. The LEM domain (for lamina-associated polypeptide, emerin, MAN1 domain) is present in a group of nuclear proteins that bind chromatin through interaction of the LEM motif with the conserved DNA crosslinking protein, barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF).
lamina-associated polypeptide, emerin, MAN1 domain binding
LAP2, emerin, MAN1 domain binding
A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets but no central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+0 axoneme).
motile 9+0 cilium
nodal cilium
The process by which hyphae grow in an upward or outward direction from the surface of the substrate; from there, propagative spores develop in or on characteristic structures that are distinctive of some fungal and bacterial species. The species that form an aerial mycelium develop conidiophores at the ends of the aerial hyphae.
aerial hyphal growth
fertile mycelium formation