NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
A DNA repair process that is involved in repairing UV-induced DNA damage under non-photoreactivating conditions. The mechanism by which this repair process operates has not yet been completely elucidated.
light-independent DNA repair
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose microfibril, any of the cellulose structures laid down in orthogonal layers in a plant cell wall.
cellulose microfibril organisation
Any process that activates or induces the rate of the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures.
activation of vernalization response
stimulation of vernalization response
up regulation of vernalization response
up-regulation of vernalization response
upregulation of vernalization response
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures.
down regulation of vernalization response
down-regulation of vernalization response
downregulation of vernalization response
inhibition of vernalization response
The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a tapetal cell of anthers in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.
tapetal cell fate specification
The stereotyped symmetric cell division by which guard mother cell give rise to stomatal guard cells.
guard mother cell division
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of plastoquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme present in the chloroplast.
plastoquinone anabolism
plastoquinone biosynthesis
plastoquinone formation
plastoquinone synthesis
The three successive oxidations of the 4-methyl group of ent-kaurene to form ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate, kaurenoic acid. This process may be carried out entirely by the enzyme ent-kaurene oxidase.
ent-kaurene oxidation to ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate
ent-kaurene oxidation to ent-kaurenoate
ent-kaurene oxidation to kaurenoic acid by ent-kaurene oxidase
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O = O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e-. The evolution of oxygen from oxidizing water is carried out by the oxygen evolving complex in photosystem II of plants. P680+, the photochemically oxidized reaction-center chlorophyll of PSII, is a strong biological oxidant. The reduction potential of P680+ is more positive than that of water, and thus it can oxidize water to give O2 and H+ ions. The oxygen escapes as a gas while the H+ ions remain in solution inside the thylakoid vesicle.
photosynthetic water oxidation
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a low fluence blue light stimulus by the blue low-fluence system. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm. The blue low-fluence system responds to blue light at or below 0.1 micromols/m2. In certain species excitation of the blue low fluence system induces the transcription of a number of nuclear and plastid coded genes.
response to low fluence blue light
response to low fluence blue light by blf system
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan I component of pectin, a rhamnose-rich pectic polysaccharide.
rhamnogalacturonan I anabolism
rhamnogalacturonan I biosynthesis
rhamnogalacturonan I formation
rhamnogalacturonan I synthesis
The series of events in which a phosphate ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
phosphate ion detection
phosphate ion perception
phosphate ion sensing
The chemical reactions and pathways involving auxin conjugates, a bound form of auxin.
auxin conjugate metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-methyl-methionine (SMM) from methionine and S-adenosyl-methionine (Ado-Met), catalyzed by methionine S-methyltransferase (MMT). SMM can be reconverted to methionine by donating a methyl group to homocysteine, and concurrent operation of this reaction and that mediated by MMT sets up the SMM cycle.
S-methylmethionine anabolism
S-methylmethionine biosynthesis
S-methylmethionine formation
S-methylmethionine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-L-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.
UDP-rhamnose anabolism
UDP-rhamnose biosynthesis
UDP-rhamnose formation
UDP-rhamnose synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with 6 isoprene units and 3 carbon rings.
tricyclic triterpenoid anabolism
tricyclic triterpenoid biosynthesis
tricyclic triterpenoid formation
tricyclic triterpenoid synthesis
A process leading to the generation of a functional trans-acting small interfering RNA (ta-siRNA). ta-siRNAs function like miRNAs to guide cleavage of target mRNAs.
primary ta-siRNA processing
production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA
production of ta-siRNAs involved in RNA interference
RNA interference, production of ta-siRNAs
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II on a thylakoid membrane. The OEC protects the calcium-4 manganese-5 oxide cluster which is bound to the D1 and CP43 proteins. The exact protein composition of the OEC varies between cyanobacteria and plants, and in plants consists of three extrinsic nuclear-encoded polypeptides: PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ.
OEC (PSII) ASSEMBLY
Catalysis of the reactions: chlorophyllide a + 2 H+ + 2 NADPH + 2 O2 = chlorophyllide b + 3 H2O + 2 NADP+.
CAO activity
chlorophyll a oxygenation activity
chlorophyll b synthesis activity
chlorophyll-b synthesis activity
chlorophyllide a:oxygen 7-oxidoreduction activity
chlorophyllide-a oxygenation activity
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucose + NADPH + H+ = UDP-L-rhamnose + NADP+ + H2O.
UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose 3,5-epimerase-4-reductase activity
A lytic vacuole that is maintained at acidic pH and has different tonoplast composition compared to the central vacuole. Found during leaf senescence and develops in the peripheral cytoplasm of cells that contain chloroplast.
senescence associated vacuole
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + LL-2,6-diaminopimelate = (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + L-glutamate + H2O + H+.
LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity
LL-DAP aminotransferase activity
LL-DAP-AT activity
LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferase activity
LL-diaminopimelate transaminase activity
A lipoprotein particle present in chloroplasts. They are rich in non-polar lipids (triglycerides, esters) as well as in prenylquinones, plastoquinone and tocopherols. Plastoglobules are often associated with thylakoid membranes, suggesting an exchange of lipids with thylakoids.
PG
plastoglobuli
Catalysis of the reaction: a carotene + a reduced electron acceptor + O2 = C3-hydroxylated carotene + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O. This is a general reaction to represent the C3 hydroxylation of the beta ring of a carotene.
beta-carotene hydroxylase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: a 2-cis-(+)-abscisic aldehyde + H2O + O2 = 2-cis-(+)-abscisate + H+ + H2O2.
AAO3
abscisic-aldehyde oxidase activity
abscisic-aldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase activity
AOdelta
Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-abscisate + H+ + NADPH + O2 = (+)-8'-hydroxyabscisate + H2O + NADP+.
(+)-ABA 8\'-hydroxylase activity
ABA 8\'-hydroxylase activity
ABA 8\'-Hydroxylase activity, Abscisate 8\'-hydroxylase activity
abscisate,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (8\'-hydroxylating)
abscisic acid 8\'-hydroxylase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + xanthoxin = (+)-abscisic aldehyde + H+ + NADH.
ABA2
xanthoxin dehydrogenase activity
xanthoxin oxidase activity
xanthoxin:NAD+ oxidoreductase activity
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, and in amylopectin and pullulan.
amylopectin-1,6-glucosidase activity
dextrin alpha-1,6-glucanohydrolase activity
R-enzyme
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylthio)propanoate + CO + formate.
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one:oxygen oxidoreductase (formate- and CO-forming)
2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-thiomethylpent-1-ene dioxygenase activity
acireductone dioxygenase activity
ARD activity
E-2 activity
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + formate + H+.
1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene dioxygenase activity
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one:oxygen oxidoreductase (formate-forming)
2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-thiomethylpent-1-ene dioxygenase
aci-reductone dioxygenase
acireductone dioxygenase (Fe2+-requiring) activity
acireductone dioxygenase activity
ARD\'
ARD1
E-2\'
The process that gives rise to a lateral root. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. A lateral root primordium represents an organized group of cells derived from the root pericycle that will differentiate into a new root, as opposed to the initiation of the main root from the embryo proper.
lateral root primordium development
The directed movement of auxins from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region.
auxin efflux
auxin export
Refers to the alpha subunit of the heterodimeric complex that possesses pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase activity.
PFK complex, alpha-subunit
Refers to the beta subunit of the heterodimeric complex that possesses pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase activity.
PFK complex, beta-subunit
Thin filamentous structure extending from the surface of all plastid types examined so far, including chloroplast, proplastid, etioplast, leucoplast, amyloplast, and chromoplast. In general, stromules are more abundant in tissues containing non-green plastids, and in cells containing smaller plastids. The primary function of stromules is still unresolved, although the presence of stromules markedly increases the plastid surface area, potentially increasing transport to and from the cytosol. Other functions of stromules, such as transfer of macromolecules between plastids and starch granule formation in cereal endosperm, may be restricted to particular tissues and cell types.
Stroma-filled tubule
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate produced via the methylerythritol (MEP) pathway (mevalonate-independent).
down regulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent pathway
down-regulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent pathway
downregulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent pathway
inhibition of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent pathway
negative regulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent pathway
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol = CoA + (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate.
hexenol acetyltransferase
Enables the transfer of auxin, from one side of a membrane to the other, into a cell.
auxin influx facilitator
Enables the transfer of auxin, from one side of a membrane to the other, out of a cell.
auxin efflux carrier
auxin efflux facilitator
Binding to a gibberellin, a plant hormone that regulates aspects of plant growth.
gibberellic acid receptor
gibberellin receptor
Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of gibberellic acid; may involve transport, biosynthesis, catabolism or conjugation.
gibberellin homeostasis
The separation of the multi-nucleate endosperm into individual cells. In many plant species, the endosperm that nurtures the embryo in the seed initially develops as a syncytium. This syncytial phase ends with simultaneous partitioning of the multi-nucleate cytoplasm into individual cells, a process referred to as cellularization.
cellularization of endosperm
Programmed cell death induced by singlet oxygen. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes.
light-dependent programmed cell death
programmed cell death in response to singlet oxygen
A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a seed oilbody. Seed oilbodies are simple organelles comprising a matrix of triglyceride surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer embedded and covered with unique proteins called oleosins. Seed oilbodies supply the energy requirements for the growth of the seedling after germination.
oleosome biogenesis
seed oil body organization
spherosome biogenesis
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Li+(in) + H+(out) = Li+(out) + H+(in).
lithium:hydrogen antiporter activity
Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactose + NAD+ = L-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+.
L-galactose 1-dehydrogenase activity
The directed movement of lithium ion out of a cell or organelle.
lithium export
lithium ion efflux
lithium ion export
Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H+ + homogentisate = 6-geranylgeranyl-2-methylbenzene-1,4-diol + CO2 + diphosphate.
homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate + H+ + homogentisate = 2-methyl-6-all-trans-nonaprenylbenzene-1,4-diol + CO2 + diphosphate. 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinonone is also known as 2-methyl-6-solanesylplastoquinol and all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate as solanesyl diphosphate.
homogentisate solanyltransferase activity
The developmental process that pertains to the organization of a leaf in three-dimensional space once the structure has initially formed.
leaf structural organization
Any process in which blue light modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anion channel activity.
regulation by blue light of anion channel activity
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellins.
positive regulation of gibberellic acid biosynthetic process
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellins.
negative regulation of gibberellic acid biosynthetic process
The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a stomatal guard cell. Guard cells are located in the leaf epidermis and pairwise surround stomatal pores, which allow CO2 influx for photosynthetic carbon fixation and water loss via transpiration to the atmosphere.
stomatal cell fate commitment
The process in which the circadian clock maintains robust and accurate timing over a broad range of physiological temperatures. The circadian clock is an endogenous 24-h timer found in most eukaryotes and in photosynthetic bacteria. The clock drives rhythms in the physiology, biochemistry, and metabolism of the organisms.
regulation of the circadian clock by temperature
The attachment of a peroxisome to a chloroplast via molecular tethers that physically bridge their respective membranes and attach them to each other. The tethering may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.
attachment of peroxisome to chloroplast
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a COP9 signalosome.
signalosome assembly
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the pectic apiogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted with apiose and apiobiose (D-apiofuranosyl-beta-(1->3)-D-apiose) side chains via O-2 or O-3 links.
apiogalacturonan metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylogalacturonan, a pectin characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted on C-3 with beta-D-xylopyranose residues.
xylogalacturonan metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the alternating alpha-(1->2)-linked rhamnose and alpha-(1->2)-linked B-galacturonic acid residues of the rhamnogalacturonan I backbone.
rhamnogalacturonan I backbone metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactan, a polymer of D-galactosyl units that can be found as a side chain of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan I.
pectic galactan metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectic arabinan, a polymer with an alpha-(1->5)-linked L-arabinofuranose (Araf) backbone that can be substituted with Araf-alpha-(1->2)-, Araf-alpha-(1->3)-, and/or Araf-alpha-(1->3)-Araf-alpha-(1->3)-side chains. Arabinan can be found as a side chain of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan I.
pectic arabinan metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectic arabinogalactan I, an alpha-(1,4)-linked D-galactopyranose backbone that is substituted with alpha-l-Araf residues via the O-3 of the D-galactose residues. Arabinogalactan I can be found as a side chain of rhamnogalacturonan I.
pectic arabinogalactan I metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein containing Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly as the major amino acid constituents, and the C-terminus is GPI anchored.
classical-arabinogalactan protein metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein where other amino acids besides Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly can be present and grouped into regions, such as a Cys-rich or Asn-rich domains.
non-classical arabinogalactan protein metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein variant which contains both an arabinogalactan protein (AGP) motif and a fasciclin domain.
fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving extensins, a group of 60-90 kDNA hydroxyproline (Hyp)-rich glycoproteins whose polypeptide backbone consists of many repeats of structural Ser(Hyp)4-6 motifs, with heavily glycosylated 1-4 arabinose residues O-linked to contiguous stretches of Hyp residues, with most of the Ser residues being O-galactosylated.
extensin metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the mannan backbone, the unsubstituted polymer of D-mannose units.
unsubstituted mannan metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronoxylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone substituted with glucuronic acid residues.
glucuronoxylan anabolism
glucuronoxylan biosynthesis
glucuronoxylan formation
glucuronoxylan synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the backbone structure of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. The back bone contains at least 8 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues.
rhamnogalacturonan II backbone metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the side chains of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. A number of structurally distinct di- and oligosaccharides can be attached to the C-3 and C-2 of the backbone, respectively.
rhamnogalacturonan II side chain metabolism
Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxy-5-polyprenylbenzoic acid + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-polyprenylbenzoic acid + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.
polyprenyldihydroxybenzoate methyltransferase activity
Binding to abscisic acid, a plant hormone that regulates aspects of plant growth.
ABA binding
abscisate binding
Generation and organization of the polarized cell that is capable of turgor driven movement.
guard cell morphogenesis during differentiation
The asymmetric cell division by which a meristemoid mother cells (MMC) give rise to a meristemoid and another cell. The other cell may itself become a MMC or may generate an epidermal cell. Any cell that undergoes this type of division is a MMC.
meristemoid division
A small round nuclear body, measuring 0.2-0.8 microns in diameter that is diffusely distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. Several proteins known to be involved in miRNA processing have been localized to these structures. D-bodies are thought to be involved in primary-miRNA processing and/or storage/assembly of miRNA processing complexes.
D body
Combining with nerve growth factor (NGF), to prevent apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth, or to initiate a change in cell activity.
beta-nerve growth factor receptor activity
NGF receptor activity
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate = GDP-alpha-D-mannose + beta-L-galactose-1-phosphate.
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase activity
GDP-L-galactose:mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase activity
Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-galactose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = beta-L-galactose-1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-glucose.
GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase activity
GDP-L-galactose:glucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase activity
The process aimed at the progression of a microsporocyte cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. A microsporocyte is a diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell.
pollen mother cell differentiation
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of an epidermal cell into daughter cells. An epidermal cell is any of the cells that make up the epidermis.
regulation of hypodermal cell division
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Mn2+(in) + H+(out) = Mn2+(out) + H+(in).
manganese:hydrogen antiporter activity
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a Lewis a epitope, a trisaccharide (Fuc-alpha-(1->4)GlcNAc) characteristic of plant protein N-linked oligosaccharides.
LE A biosynthetic process
A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress.
cytoplasmic mRNP granule
stress granule
An siRNA-mediated posttranscriptional gene silencing pathway in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs, and in which the silencing signal originates in one tissue and occurs in a different tissue.
long-distance posttranscriptional gene silencing
long-distance propagation of posttranscriptional gene silencing
siRNA-mediated long-distance posttranscriptional gene silencing
The movement of substances between cells via plasmodesmata. Plasmodesmata is a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell.
plasmodesma-mediated cell-to-cell transport
plasmodesma-mediated intercellular transport
plasmodesmata-mediated cell-to-cell transport
single organism plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport
single-organism plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport
The process in which a secondary structure of RNA are broken or 'melted'.
RNA duplex unwinding
A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of polyamine within a cell.
polyamine homeostasis
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thylakoid membrane disassembly.
regulation of thylakoid membrane degradation
Any process that modulates the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one or more components of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II.
regulation of LHCII catabolism
regulation of LHCII degradation
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell.
positive regulation of lamellipodium biogenesis