NothingMuch/GO-Terms huggingface dataset:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.
methylglyoxal bypass
methylglyoxal metabolism
methylglyoxal pathway
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.
cyanate metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid).
glycolate metabolism
Any process that generates pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.
pyridoxal 5\' phosphate salvage
The chemical reactions and pathways involving putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane; putrescine can be formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and is the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.
putrescine metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane; putrescine can be synthesized from arginine or ornithine and is the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.
putrescine anabolism
putrescine biosynthesis
putrescine formation
putrescine synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
4-aminobutanoate metabolic process
4-aminobutanoate metabolism
4-aminobutyrate metabolic process
4-aminobutyrate metabolism
GABA metabolic process
GABA metabolism
gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.
4-aminobutanoate catabolic process
4-aminobutanoate catabolism
4-aminobutyrate catabolic process
4-aminobutyrate catabolism
GABA catabolic process
GABA catabolism
gamma-aminobutyric acid breakdown
gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolism
gamma-aminobutyric acid degradation
The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.
RNA editing
The sequence of enzymatic reactions by which the RNA 5' cap structure, an inverted 7-methylguanosine linked via a 5'-5' triphosphate bridge (m7G(5')ppp(5')X) to the first transcribed residue, is added to a nascent transcript. Additional methylation can occur on the ribose sugars of the first and second nucleotides adjacent to the m7G nRNA cap. These methylations are often referred to as N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6,2A) and N6,2'-O-dimethylguanosine (m6,2G), respectively.
m(7)G RNA capping
RNA capping
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates.
energytaxis
taxis in response to energy source
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen.
taxis in response to atmospheric oxygen
A more or less rigid structure lying outside the cell membrane of a cell and composed of cellulose and pectin and other organic and inorganic substances.
cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall
plant cell wall
A fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell.
plasmodesmata
A tightly wound cylinder of membrane that is located within the plasmodesmal pore and runs the length of the plasmodesma. The desmotubule likely provides a rigid stability to plasmodesmata and confers a fixed diameter and pore size to the plasmodesmal canal, and is linked to the endoplasmic reticulum in each of the adjacent cell.
desmotubule central rod
Protein-pigment complex associated with photosystem II.
LHCII
Protein-pigment complex associated with photosystem I.
LHCI
A complex located in a photosynthetic membrane that consists of a photoreaction center associated with accessory pigments and electron carriers. Examples of this component are found in Arabidopsis thaliana and in photosynthetic bacterial and archaeal species.
reaction center
reaction centre
The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the plastid envelope.
plastid envelope lumen
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo sac over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the meiosis of the megasporocyte to form four haploid megaspores. Three of the megaspores disintegrate, and the fourth undergoes mitosis giving rise to a binucleate syncytial embryo sac. The two haploid nuclei migrate to the opposite poles of the embryo sac and then undergo two rounds of mitosis generating four haploid nuclei at each pole. One nucleus from each set of four migrates to the center of the cell. Cellularization occurs, resulting in an eight-nucleate seven-celled structure. This structure contains two synergid cells and an egg cell at the micropylar end, and three antipodal cells at the other end. A binucleate endosperm mother cell is formed at the center. The two polar nuclei fuse resulting in a mononucleate diploid endosperm mother cell. The three antipodal cells degenerate.
female gametophyte development
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pollen grain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the meiosis of the microsporocyte to form four haploid microspores. The nucleus of each microspore then divides by mitosis to form a two-celled organism, the pollen grain, that contains a tube cell as well as a smaller generative cell. The pollen grain is surrounded by an elaborate cell wall. In some species, the generative cell immediately divides again to give a pair of sperm cells. In most flowering plants, however this division takes place later, in the tube that develops when a pollen grain germinates.
formation of generative and vegetative cells
male gametophyte development
male gametophyte formation
microgametophyte development
pollen grain formation
The process in which the two uncellularized polar nuclei cellularize, fuse and acquire the specialized features of a mononucleate diploid central cell.
embryo sac endosperm mother cell differentiation
female gametophyte central cell differentiation
The process in which an uncellularized embryo sac nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of an egg cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
female gamete generation
female gametophyte egg cell differentiation
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo sac over time, from its formation as the megaspore to the mature structure. The process begins when three of the four haploid megaspores disintegrate, and the fourth undergoes mitosis giving rise to a binucleate syncytial embryo sac. The two haploid nuclei migrate to the opposite poles of the embryo sac and then undergo two rounds of mitosis generating four haploid nuclei at each pole. One nucleus from each set of four migrates to the center of the cell. Cellularization occurs, resulting in an eight-nucleate seven-celled structure. This structure contains two synergid cells and an egg cell at the micropylar end, and three antipodal cells at the other end. A binucleate endosperm mother cell is formed at the center.
embryo sac development from the megaspore  systematic_synonym
megagametophyte nucleus division
The directed movement of an embryo sac nucleus to the pole or center of the cell.
embryo sac nucleus migration
female gametophyte nuclear migration
female gametophyte nucleus migration
megagametophyte nuclear migration
megagametophyte nucleus migration
The process in which an uncellularized nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of a synergid cell.
synergid cell differentiation
The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy).
syngamy
Fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
double fertilization
A membranous cellular structure that bears the photosynthetic pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. In cyanobacteria thylakoids are of various shapes and are attached to, or continuous with, the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes they are flattened, membrane-bounded disk-like structures located in the chloroplasts; in the chloroplasts of higher plants the thylakoids form dense stacks called grana. Isolated thylakoid preparations can carry out photosynthetic electron transport and the associated phosphorylation.
photosynthetic membrane
The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of external stimulus
The series of events in which an (non-living) abiotic stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of abiotic stimulus
The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal.
detection of light
perception of light
The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm.
perception of visible light
The series of events in which an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers.
detection of ultraviolet light stimulus
detection of ultraviolet radiation stimulus
detection of UV light stimulus
detection of UV radiation stimulus
perception of UV
The series of events in which a gravitational stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of gravity
The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
chemoperception
chemoreception
detection of chemical substance
perception of chemical stimulus
perception of chemical substance
The series of events in which a nutrient stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.
detection of nutrients
nutrient sensing
perception of nutrients
The series of events in which a biotic stimulus, one caused or produced by a living organism, is received and converted into a molecular signal.
perception of biotic stimulus
The series of events in which a stimulus from a symbiont (an organism living in close physical association with an organism of a different species) is received and converted into a molecular signal. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
perception of symbiont
recognition of symbiont
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus.
response to environmental stimulus
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism.
response to biotic stress
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiont, an organism living with an organism of a different species in close physical association. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.
response of host to symbiont
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiotic bacterium, a bacterium living in close physical association with another organism.
response to symbiotic bacteria
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiotic fungus, a fungus living in close physical association with another organism.
response to symbiotic fungi
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.
physiological response to wounding
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
chemi-mechanical coupling
mechanical stimulus response
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus.
response to viruses
A post-transcriptional gene silencing pathway mediated by the action of regulatory RNAs that protects against foreign organism invasion by restricting viral replication and dissemination.
RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity
VIGS
viral gene silencing in virus induced gene silencing
viral triggering of virus induced gene silencing
virus induced gene silencing
virus-induced gene silencing
virus-induced PTGS
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium.
response to bacteria
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a fungus.
response to fungi
The rapid, localized death of plant cells in response to invasion by a pathogen.
HR
HR-PCD
plant hypersensitive response
The salicylic acid-mediated response to a pathogen which confers broad spectrum resistance.
salicylic acid-dependent systemic resistance
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (not derived from living organisms) stimulus.
response to abiotic stress
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus.
response to gravitational stimulus
The orientation of plant parts under the stimulation of gravity.
geotropism
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.
detoxification response
toxin resistance
toxin susceptibility/resistance
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a blue light stimulus. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm.
blue light response
blue-light response
response to blue light stimulus
The control of plant growth, development, and differentiation by the duration and nature of light, independent of photosynthesis.
plant development in response to light  systematic_synonym
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an absence of light stimuli.
response to darkness
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species.
response to day length
response to night length
response to photoperiod
The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light.
regulation of circadian rhythm phase
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.
response to ionic osmotic stress
salinity response
The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.
anatomical structure organization
embryogenesis and morphogenesis
morphogenesis
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plastid.
plastid organisation
plastid organization and biogenesis
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chloroplast.
chloroplast organisation
chloroplast organization and biogenesis
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a leucoplast. A leucoplast is a colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes.
leucoplast organisation
leucoplast organization and biogenesis
A process that results in the assembly and arrangement of constituent parts of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall, or in the disassembly of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. This process is carried out at the cellular level. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
cell wall organization and biogenesis
cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall organization and biogenesis
plant-type cell wall organisation
plant-type cell wall organization and biogenesis
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of either of the lipid bilayers surrounding a plastid.
plastid membrane organisation
plastid membrane organization and biogenesis
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sucrose(out) + monovalent cation(out) = sucrose(in) + monovalent cation(in).
sucrose permease activity
sucrose:cation symporter activity
sucrose:monovalent cation symporter activity
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: triose-phosphate(out) + phosphate(in) = triose-phosphate(in) + phosphate(out).
dihydroxyacetone phosphate:phosphate antiporter activity
TPT
triose phosphate antiporter
triose phosphate translocator
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Na+(out) = K+(in) + Na+(in).
high affinity potassium transporter
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexose(out) + H+(out) = hexose(in) + H+(in).
hexose:hydrogen symporter activity
The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole-3-acetic acid, a compound which functions as a growth regulator in plants.
IAA metabolic process
indole acetic acid metabolic process
indole acetic acid metabolism
indoleacetic acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole-3-acetic acid, a compound which functions as a growth regulator in plants.
IAA biosynthetic process
indole acetic acid biosynthesis
indole acetic acid biosynthetic process
indole-3-acetate biosynthesis
indole-3-acetate biosynthetic process
indole-acetic acid biosynthesis
indole-acetic acid biosynthetic process
indoleacetic acid anabolism
indoleacetic acid biosynthesis
indoleacetic acid formation
indoleacetic acid synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators.
gibberellic acid metabolic process
gibberellic acid metabolism
gibberellin metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators.
gibberellic acid anabolism
gibberellic acid biosynthesis
gibberellic acid biosynthetic process
gibberellic acid formation
gibberellic acid synthesis
gibberellin biosynthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.
abscisic acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.
abscisic acid anabolism
abscisic acid biosynthesis
abscisic acid formation
abscisic acid synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators.
cytokinin metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators.
cytokinin anabolism
cytokinin biosynthesis
cytokinin formation
cytokinin synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator.
ethene metabolic process
ethene metabolism
ethylene metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator.
ethene biosynthesis
ethene biosynthesis from L-methionine
ethene biosynthetic process
ethene biosynthetic process from L-methionine
ethylene anabolism
ethylene biosynthesis
ethylene biosynthesis from L-methionine
ethylene biosynthetic process from L-methionine
ethylene formation
ethylene synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving jasmonic acid, a fatty acid derivative with the formula (1R-(1 alpha, 2 beta(Z)))-3-oxo-2-(2-pentenyl)cyclopentaneacetic acid.
jasmonic acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of jasmonic acid, a fatty acid derivative.
jasmonic acid anabolism
jasmonic acid biosynthesis
jasmonic acid formation
jasmonic acid synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid.
salicylic acid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid.
salicylate biosynthetic process
salicylic acid anabolism
salicylic acid biosynthesis
salicylic acid formation
salicylic acid synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid.
phenylpropanoid metabolism
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid.
phenylpropanoid anabolism
phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
phenylpropanoid formation
phenylpropanoid synthesis
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response.
indole phytoalexin anabolism
indole phytoalexin biosynthesis
indole phytoalexin formation
indole phytoalexin synthesis
The lipid bilayer surrounding a vacuole that retains the same shape regardless of cell cycle phase. The membrane separates its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
membrane of vacuole with cell cycle-independent morphology
tonoplast
vacuolar membrane