=== Kit ===


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After an emergency, you may need to survive on your own for several days. Being prepared means having your own food , water and other supplies to last for several days. A disaster supplies kit is a collection of basic items your household may need in the event of an emergency.


Make sure your emergency kit is stocked with the items on the checklist below. Download a printable version to take with you to the store. Once you take a look at the basic items consider what unique needs your family might have, such as supplies for pets or seniors .


Emergency Supply List


Emergency Supply Kit Checklist Translations


Basic Disaster Supplies Kit


To assemble your kit store items in airtight plastic bags and put your entire disaster supplies kit in one or two easy-to-carry containers such as plastic bins or a duffel bag.


A basic emergency supply kit could include the following recommended items:


Water (one gallon per person per day for several days, for drinking and sanitation)


Food (at least a several-day supply of non-perishable food)


Battery-powered or hand crank radio and a NOAA Weather Radio with tone alert


Flashlight


First aid kit


Extra batteries


Whistle (to signal for help)


Dust mask (to help filter contaminated air)


Plastic sheeting, scissors and duct tape (to shelter in place )


Moist towelettes, garbage bags and plastic ties (for personal sanitation)


Wrench or pliers (to turn off utilities )


Manual can opener (for food)


Local maps


Cell phone with chargers and a backup battery


Additional Emergency Supplies


Consider adding the following items to your emergency supply kit based on your individual needs:


Soap, hand sanitizer and disinfecting wipes to disinfect surfaces


Prescription medications . About half of all Americans take a prescription medicine every day. An emergency can make it difficult for them to refill their prescription or to find an open pharmacy. Organize and protect your prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and vitamins to prepare for an emergency.


Non-prescription medications such as pain relievers, anti-diarrhea medication, antacids or laxatives


Prescription eyeglasses and contact lens solution


Infant formula, bottles, diapers, wipes and diaper rash cream


Pet food and extra water for your pet


Cash or traveler's checks


Important family documents such as copies of insurance policies, identification and bank account records saved electronically or in a waterproof, portable container


Sleeping bag or warm blanket for each person


Complete change of clothing appropriate for your climate and sturdy shoes


Fire extinguisher


Matches in a waterproof container


Feminine supplies and personal hygiene items


Mess kits, paper cups, plates, paper towels and plastic utensils


Paper and pencil


Books, games, puzzles or other activities for children


Maintaining Your Kit


After assembling your kit remember to maintain it so it’s ready when needed:


Keep canned food in a cool, dry place.


Store boxed food in tightly closed plastic or metal containers.


Replace expired items as needed.


Re-think your needs every year and update your kit as your family’s needs change.


Kit Storage Locations


Since you do not know where you will be when an emergency occurs, prepare supplies for home, work and cars.


Home: Keep this kit in a designated place and have it ready in case you have to leave your home quickly. Make sure all family members know where the kit is kept.


Work: Be prepared to shelter at work for at least 24 hours. Your work kit should include food, water and other necessities like medicines, as well as comfortable walking shoes, stored in a “grab and go” case.


Car : In case you are stranded, keep a kit of emergency supplies in your car .


Additional Resources


Tips for Medications - Graphics


Save Important Documents to the Cloud - Graphics


Low and No Cost Preparedness - Graphics


How to Create an Emergency Water Supply (CDC)


Make Water Safe During an Emergency (CDC)


Last Updated: 05/29/2026


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=== Plan ===


Make A Plan | Ready.gov


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Make a plan today! Your family may not be together if a disaster strikes, so it is important to know which types of disasters could affect your area. Know how you’ll contact one another and reconnect if separated. Establish a family meeting place that’s familiar and easy to find.


Step 1: Meet with Your Family


Put a plan together by discussing the questions below with your family, friends or household to start your emergency plan.


How will I receive emergency alerts and warnings ?


What is my shelter plan?


What is my evacuation route?


What is my family/household communication plan ?


Do I need to update my emergency preparedness kit ?


Step 2: Assess Your Household Needs


As you prepare your plan, customize your plans and supplies to your specific daily living needs and responsibilities. Discuss how people in your network can assist each other with communication, care of children, business, pets or other needs. Consider the following:


Different ages of members within your household


Responsibilities for assisting others


Locations visited frequently


Dietary needs


Medical needs including prescriptions and equipment


Disabilities or access and functional needs including devices and equipment


Languages spoken


Cultural and religious considerations


Pets or service animals


Households with school-aged children


Step 3: Document Your Plan


Create your family emergency plan quickly and easily using our fillable form.


Make a Family Emergency Plan . Use this form to fill out information that can help your family be prepared. Include important info such as household information, names and contacts of family members, meeting places and medical information.


Step 4: Practice Your Plan


Practice your plan with your household.


Additional Resources


Family Communication Plan Fillable Card (in Additional Languages )


Know Your Alerts and Warnings (in Additional Languages )


12 Ways to Prepare (in Additional Languages )


Document and Insure Your Property (in Additional Languages )


Safeguard Critical Documents and Valuables (in Additional Languages )


Make a Plan Graphics


Tips for Medications - Graphics


Save Important Documents to the Cloud - Graphics


Low and No Cost Preparedness - Graphics


Emergency Plan for Commuters (PDF)


Pet Owners (PDF)


Emergency Financial First Aid Kit (PDF)


Partner Resources


Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Disaster Checklist (PDF)


Last Updated: 05/27/2026


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=== Make A Plan ===


Make A Plan | Ready.gov


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Make a Plan


Plan Ahead


Build a Kit


Low and No Cost Preparedness


Financial Preparedness


Get Tech Ready


People with Disabilities


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Pets and Animals


#SummerReady


#WinterReady


FIFA World Cup 2026™


Evacuation


Shelter


Safety Skills


Plan for Locations


Home Fire Escape Plan


Ready Campus


Ready Business


Ready Kids


Resources


Make A Plan


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English


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Make a plan today! Your family may not be together if a disaster strikes, so it is important to know which types of disasters could affect your area. Know how you’ll contact one another and reconnect if separated. Establish a family meeting place that’s familiar and easy to find.


Step 1: Meet with Your Family


Put a plan together by discussing the questions below with your family, friends or household to start your emergency plan.


How will I receive emergency alerts and warnings ?


What is my shelter plan?


What is my evacuation route?


What is my family/household communication plan ?


Do I need to update my emergency preparedness kit ?


Step 2: Assess Your Household Needs


As you prepare your plan, customize your plans and supplies to your specific daily living needs and responsibilities. Discuss how people in your network can assist each other with communication, care of children, business, pets or other needs. Consider the following:


Different ages of members within your household


Responsibilities for assisting others


Locations visited frequently


Dietary needs


Medical needs including prescriptions and equipment


Disabilities or access and functional needs including devices and equipment


Languages spoken


Cultural and religious considerations


Pets or service animals


Households with school-aged children


Step 3: Document Your Plan


Create your family emergency plan quickly and easily using our fillable form.


Make a Family Emergency Plan . Use this form to fill out information that can help your family be prepared. Include important info such as household information, names and contacts of family members, meeting places and medical information.


Step 4: Practice Your Plan


Practice your plan with your household.


Additional Resources


Family Communication Plan Fillable Card (in Additional Languages )


Know Your Alerts and Warnings (in Additional Languages )


12 Ways to Prepare (in Additional Languages )


Document and Insure Your Property (in Additional Languages )


Safeguard Critical Documents and Valuables (in Additional Languages )


Make a Plan Graphics


Tips for Medications - Graphics


Save Important Documents to the Cloud - Graphics


Low and No Cost Preparedness - Graphics


Emergency Plan for Commuters (PDF)


Pet Owners (PDF)


Emergency Financial First Aid Kit (PDF)


Partner Resources


Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Disaster Checklist (PDF)


Last Updated: 05/27/2026


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=== Alerts ===


Emergency Alerts | Ready.gov


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All Hazards


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Biohazard Exposure


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Floods


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Household Chemical Emergencies


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Landslides & Debris Flow


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Wireless Emergency Alerts


Emergency Alert System


NOAA Weather Radio


Integrated Public Alert and Warning System


FEMA App


Additional Resources


When emergencies strike, public safety officials use timely and reliable systems to alert you. This page describes different warning alerts you can get and how to get them.


Wireless Emergency Alerts


Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEAs) are short emergency alerts authorities can send to any WEA-enabled mobile device in a locally targeted area. Alerting Authorities who are authorized to send WEAs include state, local, tribal and territorial public safety officials, the National Weather Service , the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children and the President of the United States.


Image


WEAs look like text messages but are designed to get your attention with a unique sound and vibration repeated twice.


WEAs are not affected by network congestion and will not disrupt texts, calls or in progress data sessions.


You are not charged for receiving WEAs, and there is no need to subscribe.


WEAs are sent through FEMA’s Integrated Public Alert and Warning System .


Children will also receive alerts on their WEA-enabled mobile devices. Parents and guardians: talk to your children about WEAs and staying safe in an emergency. A fact sheet about WEAs for kids can be found  here .


If you are not receiving WEAs here are some tips to troubleshoot your mobile device:


Check the settings on your mobile device and review your user manual (you may be able to find this online too).

Older phones may not be WEA capable, and some cell phone models require you to enable WEAs.


Some mobile service providers call these messages “Government Alerts” or “Emergency Alert Messages.”


Check with your wireless provider to see if they can resolve the issue.

All major phone providers and some smaller providers participate in WEA.


Federal Communications Commission (FCC) registry of WEA providers.


To provide comments or concerns about WEAs sent in your area, contact local officials directly .


Emergency Alert System


The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is a national public warning system that allows the president to address the nation within 10 minutes during a national emergency. Other authorized federal, state, local, tribal and territorial alerting authorities may use the system to deliver important emergency information such as weather information, imminent threats, AMBER alerts and local incident information targeted to specific areas.


Image


The EAS is sent through broadcast TV and radio, satellite digital audio services, direct broadcast satellite providers, cable television systems and wireless cable systems.


The president has sole responsibility for determining when the national-level EAS will be activated. FEMA and the FCC are responsible for national-level tests and exercises.


The EAS is also used when all other means of alerting the public are unavailable.


National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Radio


National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio All Hazards (NWR) is a nationwide network of radio stations that broadcast continuous weather information from the nearest National Weather Service office based on your physical location.


Image


NWR broadcasts official warnings, watches, forecasts and other hazard information 24 hours a day, seven days a week.


NWR also broadcasts alerts of non-weather emergencies such as national security or public safety threats through the Emergency Alert System.


Integrated Public Alert and Warning System


The Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS) is FEMA’s national system for local alerting. It gives federal, state, local, tribal and territorial public safety agencies the ability to send WEAs, EAS alerts, weather and non-weather-related emergency messages simultaneously through NOAA weather radios and alerts through systems like sirens and digital billboards.


Image


IPAWS empowers local Alerting Authorities to send their own emergency alerts. FEMA does not review, edit or approve alerts.


There are no costs to receive or send alerts sent through IPAWS. Alerting Authorities may incur minimal costs to purchase IPAWS compatible software.


IPAWS alerts can be locally targeted to ensure only devices in the affected area receive the alert.


FEMA App


The FEMA App allows you to receive real-time weather and emergency alerts, send notifications to loved ones, locate emergency shelters in your area, get preparedness strategies and more.


Image


Receive real-time weather and emergency alerts from the National Weather Service for up to five locations nationwide.


Find a nearby shelter if you need to evacuate to a safe space.


Find out if your location is eligible for FEMA assistance, find Disaster Recovery Center locations, and get answers to your most pressing questions.


Additional Resources


Wireless Emergency Alerts Fact Sheet (PDF)


Kids: Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) and Word Search Puzzle (PDF)


A Guide for Alerts and Warnings (PDF)


Listen to Local Officials Graphics Collection


Last Updated: 05/27/2026


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=== Evacuation ===


Evacuation | Ready.gov


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Be in the Know


Before an Evacuation


During an Evacuation


After an Evacuation


Be in the Know


We have all heard that knowledge is power. In an emergency, it can be lifesaving. This is why we are encouraging everyone to “Be in the Know” to evacuate safely.


Know Your Risks


It’s important to understand your location’s risks because no two communities face the same extreme weather conditions. You can find your local risks with FEMA’s National Risk Index .


Know When and Where to Go


Whether it's the home of a friend or family member or a pre-designated shelter, know your evacuation destination.
Having these plans in place can save valuable time and, most importantly, lives.
Many states have designated evacuation zones and predetermined evacuation routes. Learn your state and local plans by visiting your state and county emergency management websites.


Know What to Bring


Build a go-bag with all the essentials you might need, so you don’t need to scramble in an evacuation situation. Find a list of supplies at Build A Kit.
Make sure everyone in your household knows where the bag is stored, and who is responsible for it in the event of an emergency.


Know Your Information Sources


Identify where you can access reliable information so you can make informed decisions before, during, and after a disaster. Keeping up to date with the latest developments can save lives.
Sign up for alerts from your local emergency management agencies and the National Weather Service, which will provide updates on threat conditions, shelter locations, and other important safety information.
Download the FEMA App where you can receive real-time weather alerts, locate emergency shelters in your area, prepare for common hazards, and more.


Before an Evacuation


Learn the types of disasters that are likely in your community and the local emergency, evacuation and shelter plans for each specific disaster.
Plan how you will leave and where you will go if you are advised to evacuate.
Check with local officials about what shelter spaces are available for this year.
Identify several places you could go in an emergency such as a friend’s home in another town or a motel. Choose destinations in different directions so that you have options during an emergency.
If needed, identify a place to stay that will accept pets . Most public shelters allow only service animals.
Be familiar with alternate routes and other means of transportation out of your area.
Always follow the instructions of local officials and remember that your evacuation route may be on foot depending on the type of disaster.
Visit FEMA’s National Risk Index , an interactive tool anyone can use to improve their understanding of natural hazard risk where they live so they can take action to protect themselves.


Come up with a family/household plan to stay in touch in case you become separated; have a meeting place and update it depending on the circumstance.
Assemble supplies that are ready for evacuation. Prepare a “go-bag” you can carry when you evacuate on foot or public transportation and supplies for traveling longer distances if you have a car.
If you have a car: Keep a full tank of gas if an evacuation seems likely. Keep a half tank of gas in it at all times in case of an unexpected need to evacuate. Gas stations may be closed during emergencies and unable to pump gas during power outages. Plan to take one car per family to reduce congestion and delay.
Make sure you have a portable emergency kit in the car .

If you do not have a car, plan how you will leave if needed. Decide with family, friends or your local emergency management office to see what resources may be available.


During an Evacuation


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Download the FEMA app for a list of open shelters during an active disaster in your local area.
Listen to a battery-powered radio and follow local evacuation instructions.
Take your  emergency supply kit .
Leave early enough to avoid being trapped by severe weather.
Take your pets with you but understand that only service animals may be allowed in public shelters.  Plan how you will care for your pets in an emergency now .
If time allows: Call or email the out-of-state contact in your  family communications plan . Tell them where you are going.
Secure your home by closing and locking doors and windows.
Unplug electrical equipment such as radios, televisions and small appliances. Leave freezers and refrigerators plugged in unless there is a risk of flooding. If there is damage to your home and you are instructed to do so, shut off water, gas and electricity before leaving.
Leave a note telling others when you left and where you are going.
Wear sturdy shoes and clothing that provides some protection such as long pants, long-sleeved shirts and a hat.
Check with neighbors who may need a ride.
Follow recommended evacuation routes. Do not take shortcuts, they may be blocked.
Be alert for road hazards such as washed-out roads or bridges and downed power lines. Do not drive into flooded areas.


After an Evacuation


If you evacuated for the storm, check with local officials both where you’re staying and back home before you travel.


If you are returning to disaster-affected areas, after significant events prepare for disruptions to daily activities and remember that returning home before storm debris is cleared is dangerous.
Let friends and family know before you leave and when you arrive.
Charge devices and consider getting back-up batteries in case power-outages continue.
Fill up your gas tank and consider downloading a fuel app to check for outages along your route.
Bring supplies such as water and non-perishable food for the car ride.
Avoid downed power or utility lines, they may be live with deadly voltage. Stay away and report them immediately to your power or utility company.
Only use generators outside and away from your home and NEVER run a generator inside a home or garage or connect it to your home's electrical system.


Last Updated: 03/20/2026


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=== Shelter ===


Shelter | Ready.gov


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Disasters and Emergencies


Make a Plan


Plan Ahead


Build a Kit


Low and No Cost Preparedness


Financial Preparedness


Get Tech Ready


People with Disabilities


Older Adults


Caregivers


Pets and Animals


#SummerReady


#WinterReady


FIFA World Cup 2026™


Evacuation


Shelter


Safety Skills


Plan for Locations


Home Fire Escape Plan


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Shelter


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Mass Care Shelter


Sheltering in Place


Stay-at-Home


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit FEMA.gov for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit disasterassistance.gov , email AskIA@fema.dhs.gov , or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Sheltering is appropriate when conditions require that you seek protection in your home, where you work or other location when emergencies arise. The length of time you are required to take shelter may be short, such as during a tornado warning. In all cases, it is important that you stay informed and follow the instructions of local authorities.


During extended periods of sheltering you will need to manage water and food supplies to make sure you and your family have what you need to get by. Read more about managing water and managing food .


Choosing to take shelter is necessary in many emergencies. This can mean: Stay-At- Home, Going to a Mass Care Shelter, or Sheltering in Place. Here’s the distinction:


Mass Care Shelter


Mass care shelters provide life sustaining services to disaster survivors. Even though mass care shelters often provide water, food, medicine and basic sanitary facilities, you should plan to take your emergency supply kit with you so you will have the supplies you need. Mass care sheltering can involve living with many people in a confined space, which can be difficult and unpleasant.


Be prepared to take cleaning items with you like, soap, hand sanitizer, disinfecting wipes or general household cleaning supplies to disinfect surfaces .


All shelters accept service animals, but many public shelters and hotels do not allow pets inside. Know a safe place where you can take your pets before disasters and emergencies happen.


Search for open shelters by texting SHELTER and your ZIP code to 43362. Example: Shelter 01234 (standard rates apply).


Learn more by visiting: http://www.disasterassistance.gov/.


Sheltering in Place


Whether you are at home, work or anywhere else you frequent regularly, there may be situations when it's best to stay where you are and avoid any uncertainty outside.


Here are some indicators and steps to take if the situation arises:


Use common sense and available information to assess the situation and determine if there is immediate danger.


If you see large amounts of debris in the air, or if local authorities say the air is badly contaminated you may want to take this kind of action.


Here are some tips for sheltering in place:


Local authorities may not immediately be able to provide information on what is happening and what you should do.


Pay attention to local media outlets for official news and instructions as they become available.


Bring your family and pets inside.


Lock doors, close windows, air vents and fireplace dampers.


Turn off fans, air conditioning and forced air heating systems.


Take your emergency supply kit unless you have reason to believe it has been contaminated.


Go into an interior room with few windows if possible.


Seal all windows, doors and air vents with thick plastic sheeting and duct tape. Consider measuring and cutting the sheeting in advance to save time.


Cut the plastic sheeting several inches wider than the openings and label each sheet.


Duct tape plastic at corners first and then tape down all edges.


Be prepared to improvise and use what you have on hand to seal gaps so that you create a barrier between yourself and any contamination.


“Sealing a room” is considered a temporary protective measure to create a barrier between you and potentially contaminated air outside. This type of sheltering in place requires pre-planning, by purchasing plastic sheeting and duct tape that you would keep in your emergency supply kit .


Stay-at-Home


Remain indoors as much as possible and try to only leave your home when necessary. You can still use outdoor spaces such as patios, porches and yards.


Outdoor activities such as walking, jogging and exercise are fine.


Essential services such as grocery shopping, the gas station, pharmacies and going to the Post Office are still fine to do.


Limit visitors if possible. Try to use video chatting. Call the people you would normally text.


Last Updated: 05/27/2026


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=== Floods ===


Floods | Ready.gov


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Disasters and Emergencies


All Hazards


Emergency Alerts


Avalanche


Biohazard Exposure


Cybersecurity


Drought


Earthquakes


Explosions


Extreme Heat


Floods


Chemicals and Hazardous Materials Incidents


Home Fires


Home Safety


Household Chemical Emergencies


Hurricanes


Landslides & Debris Flow


Mass Gathering Incidents


Pandemic


Power Outages


Radiation Emergencies


Severe Weather


Space Weather


Thunderstorms & Lightning


Tornadoes


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Volcanoes


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Winter Weather


Recovering from Disaster


Make a Plan


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Under a Flood Warning


Before a flood


During a flood


After a flood


Additional Resources


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit FEMA.gov for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit disasterassistance.gov , email AskIA@fema.dhs.gov , or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Flooding is a temporary overflow of water on land that is normally dry. Floods are the most common disaster in the United States. Failing to evacuate flooded areas or entering flood waters can lead to injury or death.


Floods may:


Result from rain, snow, coastal storms, storm surges and overflows of dams and other water systems.


Develop slowly or quickly. Flash floods can come without warning.


Cause outages, disrupt transportation, damage buildings and create landslides.


If you are under a flood warning


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Find safe shelter right away.


Do not walk, swim or drive through flood waters . Turn Around, Don’t Drown!


Remember, just six inches of moving water can knock you down, and one foot of moving water can sweep your vehicle away.


Stay off bridges over fast-moving water.


Depending on the type of flooding:

Evacuate if told to do so.


Move to higher ground or a higher floor.


Stay where you are.


Before a Flood


Image


Know your risk for floods , v isit FEMA's Flood Map Service Center to know types of flood risks in your area. However, remember that flooding doesn’t follow lines on a map.


Where it rains it can flood. Sign up for your community’s warning system. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)


Weather Radio also provide emergency alerts. The National Risk Index


Purchase flood insurance or renew a flood insurance policy. Homeowner’s insurance policies do not cover flooding. It typically takes up to 30 days for a policy to go into effect, so the time to buy is well before a disaster. Get flood coverage under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) .


Preparing for a Flood - Make a plan for your household, including your pets so that you and your family know what to do, where to go and what you will need to protect yourselves from flooding.

Learn and practice evacuation routes, shelter plans and flash flood response.


Gather supplies, including non-perishable foods, cleaning supplies and water for several days, in case you must leave immediately or if services are cut off in your area.


In case of emergency, keep documents in a waterproof container.

Create password-protected digital copies. Protect your property.


Move valuables to higher levels.


Declutter drains and gutters.


Install check valves. Consider a sump pump with a battery.


During a Flood


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Evacuate immediately, if told to do so. Never drive around barricades. Local responders use them to safely direct traffic out of flooded areas.


Contact your healthcare provider if you are sick and need medical attention. Wait for further care instructions and shelter in place, if possible. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 9-1-1.


Listen to EAS, NOAA Weather Radio or local alerting systems for current emergency information and instructions regarding flooding.


Do not walk, swim or drive through flood waters. Turn Around. Don’t Drown!


Stay off bridges over fast-moving water. Fast-moving water can wash bridges away without warning.


Stay inside your car if it is trapped in rapidly moving water. Get on the roof if water is rising inside the car.


Get to the highest level if trapped in a building. Only get on the roof if necessary and once there, signal for help. Do not climb into a closed attic to avoid getting trapped by rising floodwater.


After a Flood


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Pay attention to authorities for information and instructions. Return home only when authorities say it is safe.


Avoid driving except in emergencies.


Wear heavy work gloves, protective clothing and boots during cleanup and use appropriate face coverings or masks if cleaning mold or other debris.


People with asthma and other lung conditions and/or immune suppression should not enter buildings with indoor water leaks or mold growth that can be seen or smelled. Children should not take part in disaster cleanup work.


Be aware that snakes and other animals may be in your house.


Be aware of the risk of electrocution. Do not touch electrical equipment if it is wet or if you are standing in water. Turn off the electricity to prevent electric shock if it is safe to do so.


Avoid wading in floodwater, which can be contaminated and contain dangerous debris. Underground or downed power lines can electrically charge the water.


Use a generator or other gasoline-powered machinery ONLY outdoors and away from windows.


Additional Resources


Flood Information Sheet (PDF)


Flood Safety Graphics


Flood Safety Social Media Toolkit


National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)


NFIP Spring Flooding Disaster Social Media Messaging


Flood Insurance Claims Checklist


National Weather Service Weather Ready Nation Spring Safety Outreach Materials


Flood Insurance Facts


Six Things to Know Before a Disaster (Video)


When the Cloud Forms (Video)


File A Flood Insurance Claim


Your Homeowners Insurance Does Not Cover Flood (PDF)


Partner Resources


American Red Cross


Last Updated: 04/29/2026


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=== Hurricanes ===


Hurricanes | Ready.gov


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Before a Hurricane


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Additional Resources


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit FEMA.gov for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit disasterassistance.gov , email AskIA@fema.dhs.gov , or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Hurricanes are dangerous and can cause major damage from storm surges, wind damage, rip currents and flooding. They can happen along any U.S. coast or in any territory in the Atlantic or Pacific oceans. Historically, storm surge is the leading cause of hurricane-related deaths in the United States. In parts of the western North Pacific, hurricanes are called typhoons.


Eastern Pacific Hurricane Season: May 15-November 30.


Atlantic Hurricane Season: June 1-November 30.


Central Pacific Typhoon Season: June 1-November 30.


Before a Hurricane/Typhoon


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Know Your Hurricane Risk

Hurricanes are not just a coastal problem. Find out how rain, wind, water and even tornadoes could happen far inland from where a hurricane or tropical storm makes landfall. Start preparing now .


Make an Emergency Plan

Make sure everyone in your household knows and understands your hurricane plans .


Identify whether you may need additional help during an emergency if you or anyone else in your household is an individual with a disability.


Ensure your business has a continuity plan to continue operating when disaster strikes.


Know your Evacuation Zone

You may have to evacuate quickly due to a hurricane if you live in an evacuation zone. Learn your evacuation routes , practice with your household and pets, and identify where you will stay.


Follow the instructions from local emergency managers, who work closely with state, local, tribal and territorial agencies and partners. They will provide the latest recommendations based on the threat to your community and issue safety measures.


Recognize Warnings and Alerts

Be sure to have several ways to receive alerts. Download the FEMA app and receive real-time alerts from the National Weather Service for up to five locations nationwide.


Sign up for community alerts in your area and be aware of the Emergency Alert System (EAS) and Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA), which require no sign up.


Review Important Documents

Make sure your insurance policies and personal documents , such as ID, are up to date. Make copies and keep them in a secure password-protected digital space.


Strengthen your Home

De-clutter drains and gutters, bring in outside furniture and consider hurricane shutters.


Get Tech Ready

Keep your cell phone charged when you know a hurricane is in the forecast and purchase backup charging devices to power electronics.


Gather Supplies

Have enough supplies for your household. Include medication, disinfectant supplies and pet supplies in your go bag or car trunk. You may not have access to these supplies for days or even weeks after a hurricane.


Help your Neighborhood

Check with neighbors, senior adults or those who may need additional help securing hurricane plans to see how you can be of assistance to others.


During a Hurricane/Tyhpoon


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Stay Informed

Pay attention to emergency information and alerts.


If you live in a mandatory evacuation zone and local officials tell you to evacuate, do so immediately.


Dealing with the Weather

Determine how best to protect yourself from high winds and flooding .


Take refuge in a designated storm shelter or an interior room for high winds.


Go to the highest level of the building if you are trapped by flooding. Do not climb into a closed attic. You may become trapped by rising flood water.


Do not walk, swim or drive through flood waters. Turn Around. Don’t Drown! Just six inches of fast-moving water can knock you down, and one foot of moving water can sweep your vehicle away.


After a Hurricane/Typhoon


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Pay attention to local officials for information and special instructions.


Be careful during cleanup. Wear protective clothing and use appropriate face coverings or masks if cleaning mold or other debris . People with asthma and other lung conditions and/or immune suppression should not enter buildings with indoor water leaks or mold growth that can be seen or smelled, even if these individuals are not allergic to mold. Children should not help with disaster cleanup work.


Wear protective clothing and work with someone else.


Do not touch electrical equipment if it is wet or if you are standing in water. If it is safe to do so, turn off electricity at the main breaker or fuse box to prevent electric shock.


Do not wade in flood water, which can contain dangerous pathogens that cause illnesses. This water also can contain debris, chemicals, waste and wildlife. Underground or downed power lines can electrically charge the water.


Save phone calls for emergencies. Phone systems often are down or busy after a disaster. Use text messages or social media to communicate with family and friends.


Document any property damage with photographs. Contact your insurance company for assistance.


Additional Resources


Hurricane Preparedness Graphics


Hurricane Season Preparedness Digital Toolkit


Typhoon Safety Graphics


Storm Surge Public Service Announcements


FEMA Accessible: Hurricane Safety Messages


Prepare to Protect: Public Service Advertisements


Flood Map Service Center


National Flood Insurance Program


Partner Resources


NOAA: What is the Difference Between a Hurricane and Typhoon


National Weather Service Hurricane Preparedness Week


Hurricane Information Sheet (PDF)


CDC Hurricanes & Other Tropical Storms [MD1]


National Storm Surge Hazard Maps to determine your vulnerability


Last Updated: 06/24/2026


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=== Tornadoes ===


Tornadoes | Ready.gov


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Under Tornado Warning


Before a Tornado


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After a Tornado


Additional Resources


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit FEMA.gov for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit disasterassistance.gov , email AskIA@fema.dhs.gov or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Tornadoes are fast-spinning columns of air that reach from a thunderstorm down to the ground. They can destroy buildings, flip cars and send dangerous debris flying through the air.


A tornado can:


Happen anytime and anywhere.


Bring intense winds, over 200 miles per hour.


Look like funnels.


If You Are Under A Tornado or Severe Weather Warning


Image


Listen to local weather reports and officials for updated emergency information. Follow their instructions to remain safe.


Go to a public shelter if you can't stay at home.


Stay away from windows, doors, and outside walls.


Use your arms to protect your head and neck.


Watch out for flying debris that can cause injury or death.


Before a Tornado


Image


Know your area’s tornado risk. In the U.S., the Midwest and the Southeast have a greater risk for tornadoes.


Know the signs of a tornado , including a rotating, funnel-shaped cloud, an approaching cloud of debris, or a loud roar like a freight train.


Sign up for your community’s warning system. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and NOAA Weather Radio also provide emergency alerts . If your community has sirens, become familiar with the warning tone.


Pay attention to weather reports. Meteorologists can predict when conditions might be right for a tornado.


Identify and practice going to a safe shelter such as a safe room built using FEMA criteria or a storm shelter built to ICC 500 standards. The next best protection is a small, interior, windowless room or basement on the lowest level of a sturdy building.


Plan for your pet . They are an important member of your family, so they need to be included in your family’s emergency plan.


Prepare for a long-term stay at home or sheltering in place by gathering emergency supplies , cleaning supplies, non-perishable foods , water , medical supplies and medication.


During a Tornado


Image


Immediately go to a safe location that you have identified.


Pay attention to EAS, NOAA Weather Radio, or local alerting systems for current emergency information and instructions.


Protect yourself by covering your head or neck with your arms and putting materials such as furniture and blankets around or on top of you.


In a car or truck: There is no safe option when caught in a tornado in a car, just slightly less dangerous ones. If the tornado is visible, far away, and the traffic is light, you may be able to drive out of its path by moving at right angles to the tornado.
If you are caught by extreme winds or flying debris, park the car as quickly and safely as possible -- out of the traffic lanes.


Stay in the car with the seat belt on. Put your head down below the windows; cover your head with your hands and a blanket, coat, or other cushion if possible.


If you can safely get noticeably lower than the level of the roadway, leave your car and lie in that area, covering your head with your hands.


Avoid seeking shelter under bridges, which can create deadly traffic hazards while offering little protection against flying debris.


After a Tornado


Pay attention to EAS, NOAA Weather Radio, and local authorities for updated information.


Save your phone calls for emergencies and use text messaging or social media to communicate with family and friends.


Stay clear of fallen power lines or broken utility lines.


Contact your healthcare provider if you are sick and need medical attention . Wait for further care instructions and continue to shelter in place.


Wear appropriate gear during clean-up such as thick-soled shoes, long pants, and work gloves. Use appropriate face coverings or masks if cleaning mold or other debris .


Additional Resources


Tornado Graphics


Tornado Information Sheet (PDF)


Partner Resources


Taking Shelter from the Storm: Building a Safe Room Inside Your House (PDF)


National Weather Service Tornado Safety


American Red Cross


Last Updated: 06/02/2026


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=== Earthquakes ===


Earthquakes | Ready.gov


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Before an Earthquake


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After an Earthquake


Additional Resources


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit FEMA.gov for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit disasterassistance.gov , email AskIA@fema.dhs.gov or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Prepare Before an Earthquake


Image


The best time to prepare for any disaster is before it happens.


Practice how to protect yourself during earthquakes , with family and coworkers.


Make an Emergency Plan: Create a family emergency communications plan that has an out-of-state contact. Plan where to meet if you get separated. Make a supply kit that includes enough food and water for several days, a flashlight, a fire extinguisher and a whistle.

Being prepared allows you to avoid unnecessary trips and address minor medical issues at home, lessening the burden on urgent care centers and hospitals.


Remember that not everyone can afford to respond by stocking up on necessities. For those who can afford it, make essential purchases and slowly build up supplies.


Protect Your Home: Secure heavy items in your home like bookcases, refrigerators, water heaters, televisions and objects that hang on walls. Store heavy and breakable objects on low shelves.

Consider making improvements to your building to fix structural issues that could cause your building to collapse during an earthquake.


Consider obtaining an earthquake insurance policy . A standard homeowner’s insurance policy does not cover earthquake damage.


During an Earthquake


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If an earthquake happens, protect yourself right away.


If you are inside, stay and do not run outside; avoid doorways.


If you are in bed, turn face down and cover your head and neck with a pillow.


If you are in a car, pull over and stop. Set your parking brake.


If you're outside, stay there. Move to an open area away from buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines. Drop and coveruntil shaking stops to protect yourself from flying debris. Learn more at Earthquake Country Alliance .


Protect Yourself During Earthquakes


Image


1. Drop (or Lock)


Drop where you are onto hands and knees.


2. Cover


Cover your head and neck with one arm and hand. If a sturdy table or desk is nearby, crawl underneath it for shelter. If no shelter is nearby, crawl next to an interior wall (away from windows). Stay on your knees; bend over to protect vital organs.


3. Hold On


Hold until the shaking stops. If under shelter, hold on with one hand and be ready to move with it when the shelter moves. If not under shelter, hold on to your head and neck with both arms and hands.


Using a Cane?


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If you use a cane: DROP , COVER , and HOLD ON or sit on a chair, bed, etc. and cover your head and neck with both hands. Keep your cane near you so it can be used when the shaking stops.


Using a Walker or Wheelchair?


Image


Image


If you use a walker or wheelchair: LOCK your wheels (if applicable). If using a walker carefully get as low as possible. Bend over and COVER your head/neck with your arms, a book, or a pillow. Then HOLD ON until the shaking stops.


After an Earthquake


Image


There can be serious hazards after an earthquake, such as damage to the building, leaking gas and water lines or downed power lines.


Expect aftershocks to follow the main shock of an earthquake. Be ready to Drop, Cover and Hold On if you feel an aftershock.


If you are in a damaged building, go outside and quickly move away from the building. Do not enter damaged buildings.


If you are trapped, send a text or bang on a pipe or wall. Cover your mouth with your shirt for protection and instead of shouting, use a whistle.


If you are in an area that may experience tsunamis, go inland or to higher ground immediately after the shaking stops. Avoid contact with floodwaters as they can contain chemicals, sewage and debris.


Check yourself to see if you are hurt and help others if you have training. Be the help until help arrives.

If you are sick or injured and need medical attention, contact your healthcare provider for instructions. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 9-1-1.


Once you are safe, pay attention to local news reports for emergency information and instructions via battery-operated radio, TV, social media or from cell phone text alerts.


Use social media to let people know you’re okay.


Use text messages to communicate. This may be more reliable than phone calls and can save batter power.


Be careful when cleaning up. Wear protective clothing, including a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, work gloves and sturdy thick-soled shoes. Do not try to remove heavy debris by yourself. Use an appropriate mask if cleaning mold or other debris . People with asthma and other lung conditions and/or immune suppression should not enter buildings with indoor water leaks or mold growth that can be seen or smelled. Children should not take part in disaster cleanup work.


Additional Resources


Earthquake Preparedness Graphics


Earthquake Social Media Toolkit


Earthquake Informational Poster (PDF)


Earthquake Preparedness: What Every Childcare Provider Should Know (PDF)


Earthquake Safety at Home (PDF)


Partner Resources


Resources for People with Disabilities (Earthquake Country Alliance)


The Great ShakeOut: Earthquake Drills


U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Hazards Program


American Red Cross


Earthquake Country Alliance


National Science Foundation


National Institute of Standards and Technology


When the Earth Shakes


Earthquake Preparedness: How to Stay Safe


Earthquake Safety Video Series (Great ShakeOut Earthquake Drills)


Last Updated: 04/29/2026


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=== Wildfires ===


Wildfires | Ready.gov


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Prepare for Wildfires


Stay Safe During


After a Wildfire


Wildfire Summit


Additional Resources


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit  FEMA.gov  for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit  disasterassistance.gov , email  AskIA@fema.dhs.gov  or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Wildfires are unplanned fires that burn out of control in natural areas like forests, grasslands or prairies. These fires spread quickly and can devastate wildlife, natural areas and communities.


Prepare for Wildfires


Recognize Warnings and Alerts


Have several ways to receive alerts. Download the FEMA app and receive real-time alerts from the National Weather Service for up to five locations nationwide. Sign up for community alerts in your area and be aware of the Emergency Alert System (EAS) and Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA), which requires no-sign up.


Pay attention to air quality alerts .


Make an Emergency Plan


Make sure everyone in your household knows and understands what to do if you need to quickly evacuate.


Don’t forget a plan for the office, kids’ school or daycare and anywhere you frequent .


Review Important Documents


Make sure your insurance policies and personal documents , like ID, are up to date.


Make copies and keep them in a secure password-protected digital space.


Strengthen your Home


Use fire-resistant materials to build, renovate or make repairs.


Find an outdoor water source with a hose that can reach any area of your property.


Create a fire-resistant zone that is free of leaves, debris or flammable materials for at least 30 feet from your home.


Designate a room that can be closed off from outside air. Close all doors and windows. Set up a portable air cleaner to keep indoor pollution levels low when smoky conditions exist.


Know your Evacuation Zone


Image


You may have to evacuate quickly due to a wildfire. Learn your evacuation routes , practice with pets and identify where you will go.


Follow the instructions from local authorities. They will provide the latest recommendations based on the threat to your community and appropriate safety measures.


Gather Supplies


Have enough supplies  for your household, including a first aid kit, in your go bag or car trunk.

Being prepared allows you to avoid unnecessary excursions and to address minor medical issues at home, alleviating the burden on urgent care centers and hospitals.


Remember that not everyone can afford to respond by stocking up on necessities. For those who can afford it, making essential purchases and slowly building up supplies in advance will allow for longer time periods between shopping trips.


Be cautious when carrying flammable or combustible household products that can cause fires or explosions if handled wrong, such as aerosols, cooking oils, rubbing alcohol and hand sanitizer


If available, store an N95 mask to protect yourself from smoke inhalation.


Keep your cell phone charged when wildfires could be in your area. Purchase backup charging devices to power electronics.


Stay Safe During


Pay attention to emergency alerts and notifications for information and instructions.


Evacuate immediately if authorities tell you to do so.

Check with local authorities for the latest information about public shelters or check open locations on the FEMA app. You can also download the free Red Cross Emergency app for a list of open Red Cross shelters in your area.


Consider making plans with friends or family to shelter with them where you may be safer and more comfortable.


If trapped, call 9-1-1 and give your location, but be aware that emergency response could be delayed or impossible. Turn on lights to help rescuers find you.


Use an N95 mask to protect yourself from smoke inhalation or limit your exposure to smoke by doing the following:

Choose a room to close off from outside air and set up a portable air cleaner or filter to keep the air in this room clean even when it’s smoky in the rest of the building and outdoors.


Use high efficiency filters in your central air conditioning system to capture fine particles from smoke. If your system has fresh air intake, set the system to “recirculate” mode and close the outdoor intake damper.


If you are not ordered to evacuate but smoky conditions exist, stay inside in a safe location or go to a community building where smoke levels are lower.


If you are sick and need medical attention, contact your healthcare provider for further care instructions and shelter in place, if possible.


Returning Home After a Wildfire


Do not return home until authorities say it is safe to do so.


Avoid hot ash, charred trees, smoldering debris and live embers. The ground may contain heat pockets that can burn you or spark another fire.


When cleaning, wear protective clothing – including a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, work gloves and sturdy thick-soled shoes – during clean-up efforts.


Use a respirator to limit your exposure, and wet debris to minimize breathing dust particles. People with asthma, COPD and/or other lung conditions should take precautions in areas with poor air quality, as it can worsen symptoms.


Document property damage with photographs. Conduct an inventory and contact your insurance company for assistance.


Send text messages or use social media to reach out to family and friends. Phone systems are often busy following a disaster. Make calls only in emergencies.


Additional Resources


Videos


Survivor Stories Video Series


Social Media & Graphics


Wildfire Safety Social Media Toolkit


Wildfire Outreach Materials (USFA)


More Info


Wildfires (CDC)


Sesame Street Wildfires Activity Book


Wildfire Resources List


RSG! Program


Wildfire Information Sheet


Smokey Bear


Create a Clean Room (EPA)


Smoke-Ready Toolbox for Wildfires (EPA)


Last Updated: 05/11/2026


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=== Winter Weather ===


Winter Weather | Ready.gov


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Prepare for Winter Weather


Stay Safe During


Generator Safety


Associated Content


Winter storms create a higher risk of car accidents, hypothermia, frostbite, carbon monoxide poisoning, and heart attacks from overexertion. Winter storms including blizzards can bring extreme cold, freezing rain, snow, ice and high winds.


A winter storm can:


Last a few hours or several days.


Cut off heat, power and communication services.


Put older adults, children, sick individuals and pets at greater risk.


How to Protect Yourself from Winter Weather


IF YOU ARE UNDER A WINTER STORM WARNING, FIND SHELTER RIGHT AWAY


Know your winter weather terms:


Winter Storm Warning


Issued when hazardous winter weather in the form of heavy snow, heavy freezing rain, or heavy sleet is imminent or occurring. Winter Storm Warnings are usually issued 12 to 24 hours before the event is expected to begin.


Winter Storm Watch


Alerts the public to the possibility of a blizzard, heavy snow, heavy freezing rain, or heavy sleet. Winter Storm Watches are usually issued 12 to 48 hours before the beginning of a Winter Storm.


Winter Weather Advisory


Issued for accumulations of snow, freezing rain, freezing drizzle, and sleet which will cause significant inconveniences and, if caution is not exercised, could lead to life-threatening situations.


Know Your Risk for Winter Storms


Pay attention to weather reports and warnings of freezing weather and winter storms. Listen for emergency information and alerts. Sign up for your community’s warning system. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide emergency alerts.


Preparing for Winter Weather


Prepare your home to keep out the cold with insulation, caulking and weather stripping. Learn how to keep pipes from freezing. Install and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors with battery backups. Gather supplies in case you need to stay home for several days without power. Keep in mind each person’s specific needs, including medication. Remember the needs of your pets. Have extra batteries for radios and flashlights. If you are unable to afford your heating costs, weatherization or energy-related home repairs, contact the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) for help.


In Case of Emergency


Be prepared for winter weather at home, at work and in your car. Create an emergency supply kit for your car. Include jumper cables, sand, a flashlight, warm clothes, blankets, bottled water and non-perishable snacks. Keep a full tank of gas.


Stay Safe During Winter Weather


Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. Only use generators and grills outdoors and away from windows and never heat your home with a gas stovetop or oven. Using an oven or stovetop can also increase the risk of fires, burns and could damage the appliance.


Stay off roads if at all possible. If trapped in your car, then stay inside.
Limit your time outside. If you need to go outside, then wear layers of warm clothing. Watch for signs of frostbite and hypothermia.
Reduce the risk of a heart attack by avoiding overexertion when shoveling snow and walking in the snow.


Learn the signs of, and basic treatments for, frostbite and hypothermia.


Frostbite causes loss of feeling and color around the face, fingers and toes.


Signs : Numbness, white or grayish-yellow skin, firm or waxy skin.
Actions : Go to a warm room. Soak in warm water. Use body heat to warm. Do not massage or use a heating pad.


Hypothermia is an unusually low body temperature. A temperature below 95 degrees is an emergency.


Signs : Shivering, exhaustion, confusion, fumbling hands, memory loss, slurred speech or drowsiness.
Actions : Go to a warm room. Warm the center of the body first—chest, neck, head and groin. Keep dry and wrapped up in warm blankets, including the head and neck.


Generator Safety


Generators can be helpful when the power goes out. It is important to know how use them safely to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and other hazards.


Generators and fuel should always be used outdoors and at least 20 feet away from windows, doors and attached garages.
Install working carbon monoxide detectors on every level of your home. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can kill you, your family and pets.
Keep the generator dry and protected from rain or flooding. Touching a wet generator or devices connected to one can cause electrical shock.
Always connect the generator to appliances with heavy-duty extension cords.
Let the generator cool before refueling. Fuel spilled on hot engine parts can ignite.
Follow manufacturer’s instructions carefully .


Associated Content


Winter Safety Social Media Toolkit
Winter Storm Information Sheet (PDF)
National Weather Service
American Red Cross
What to do during a blizzard (Video)
What to do if you’re stuck on the road (Video)
How to prepare for winter storm (Video)
Power Outages and Indoor Air Quality (EPA)


Last Updated: 03/10/2026


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=== Power Outages ===


Power Outages | Ready.gov


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Extended power outages may impact the whole community and the economy. A power outage is when the electrical power goes out unexpectedly.


A power outage may:


Disrupt communications, water and transportation.


Close retail businesses, grocery stores, gas stations, ATMs, banks and other services.


Cause food spoilage and water contamination.


Prevent use of medical devices.


Power Outage Tips


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Keep freezers and refrigerators closed.


Use a generator, but ONLY outdoors and away from windows.


Do not use a gas stove or oven to heat your home. It increases your risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. Using an oven or stovetop can also increase the risk of fires, burns and could damage the appliance.


Disconnect appliances and electronics to avoid damage from electrical surges.


Have alternate plans for refrigerating medicines or using power-dependent medical devices.


Check with local officials about heating and cooling locations open near you.


How to Protect Yourself During A Power Outage


Go to a community location with power if heat or cold is extreme.


Preparing for a Power Outage


Take an inventory of the items you need that rely on electricity. Plan for batteries and other alternative power sources to meet your needs when the power goes out, such as a portable charger or power bank. Have flashlights for every household member. Determine whether your home phone will work in a power outage and how long battery backup will last.


Know Your Medical Needs


Talk to your medical provider about a power outage plan for medical devices powered by electricity and refrigerated medicines. Find out how long medication can be stored at higher temperatures and get specific guidance for any medications that are critical for life.


Using Appliances During Power Outages


Install carbon monoxide detectors with battery backup in central locations on every level of your home. Avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. Generators, camp stoves or charcoal grills should always be used outdoors and at least 20 feet away from windows. Never use a gas stovetop or oven to heat your home. Turn off or disconnect appliances, equipment, or electronics. Power may return with momentary surges or spikes that can cause damage.


Food Storage


Have enough nonperishable food and water. Keep freezers and refrigerators closed. The refrigerator will keep food cold for about four hours. A full freezer will keep the temperature for about 48 hours. Use coolers with ice if necessary. Monitor temperatures with a thermometer. Throw out food if the temperature is 40 degrees or higher.


Generator Safety


Generators can be helpful when the power goes out. It is important to know how use them safely to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and other hazards.


Generators and fuel should always be used outdoors and at least 20 feet away from windows, doors and attached garages.


Install working carbon monoxide detectors on every level of your home. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can kill you, your family and pets.


Keep the generator dry and protected from rain or flooding. Touching a wet generator or devices connected to one can cause electrical shock.


Always connect the generator to appliances with heavy-duty extension cords.


Let the generator cool before refueling. Fuel spilled on hot engine parts can ignite.


Follow manufacturer’s instructions carefully .


Returning After A Power Outage


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When in doubt, throw it out! Throw away any food that has been exposed to temperatures 40 degrees or higher for two hours or more, or that has an unusual odor, color or texture.


If the power is out for more than a day, discard any medication that should be refrigerated, unless the drug’s label says otherwise. Consult your doctor or pharmacist immediately for a new supply.


Associated Content


Carbon Monoxide Dangers | U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission


Generator Safety | Generator Safety Tips | Red Cross


Power Outage Information Sheet (PDF)


Department of Energy


Center for Disease Control and Prevention | CDC


Food Safety


United States Consumer Product Safety Commission PSA


Last Updated: 06/04/2026


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=== Home Fires ===


Home Fires | Ready.gov


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Learn About Fires


Before a Fire


During a Fire


After a Fire


Prevent Home Fires


Escape Plan


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A fire can become life-threatening in just two minutes. A residence can be engulfed in flames in five minutes.


Learn About Fires


Fire is FAST! In less than 30 seconds a small flame can turn into a major fire. It only takes minutes for thick black smoke to fill a house or for it to be engulfed in flames.
Fire is HOT! Heat is more threatening than flames. Room temperatures in a fire can be 100 degrees at floor level and rise to 600 degrees at eye level. Inhaling this super-hot air will scorch your lungs and melt clothes to your skin.
Fire is DARK! Fire starts bright, but quickly produces black smoke and complete darkness.
Fire is DEADLY! Smoke and toxic gases kill more people than flames do. Fire produces poisonous gases that make you disoriented and drowsy.


Smoke Alarms


A working smoke alarm significantly increases your chances of surviving a deadly home fire.


Replace batteries twice a year, unless you are using 10-year lithium batteries.
Install smoke alarms on every level of your home, including the basement.
Replace the entire smoke alarm unit every 10 years or according to manufacturer’s instructions.
Never disable a smoke alarm while cooking – it can be a deadly mistake.
Audible alarms are available for visually impaired people and smoke alarms with a vibrating pad or flashing light are available for the hearing impaired.


Before a Fire


Make digital copies of valuable documents and records like birth certificates. If you are insured, contact your insurance company for detailed instructions on protecting your property, conducting inventory and contacting fire damage restoration companies.


Create and Practice a Fire Escape Plan


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Remember that every second counts in the event of a fire. Escape plans help you get out of your home quickly. Practice your home fire escape plan twice each year. Some tips to consider when preparing this plan include:


Find two ways to get out of each room in the event the primary way is blocked by fire or smoke.
Make sure that windows are not stuck, screens can be taken out quickly and that security bars can be properly opened.
Practice feeling your way out of the house in the dark or with your eyes closed.
Teach children not to hide from firefighters.
If you use a walker or wheelchair, check all exits to be sure you can get through the doorways.


Fire Safety Tips


Sleep with your bedroom door closed.
Keep a fire extinguisher in your kitchen. Contact your local fire department for assistance on proper use and maintenance.
Consider installing an automatic fire sprinkler system in your residence.


During a Fire


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Drop down to the floor and crawl low, under any smoke to your exit. Heavy smoke and poisonous gases collect first along the ceiling.
Before opening a door, feel the doorknob and door. If either is hot, or if there is smoke coming around the door, leave the door closed and use your second way out.
If you open a door, open it slowly. Be ready to shut it quickly if heavy smoke or fire is present.
If you can’t get to someone needing assistance, leave the home and call 9-1-1 or the fire department. Tell the emergency operator where the person is located.
If pets are trapped inside your home, tell firefighters right away.
If you can’t get out, close the door and cover vents and cracks around doors with cloth or tape to keep smoke out. Call 9-1-1 or your fire department. Say where you are and signal for help at the window with a light-colored cloth or a flashlight.
If your clothes catch fire, stop, drop and roll – stop immediately, drop to the ground and cover your face with your hands. Roll over and over or back and forth until the fire is out. If you or someone else cannot stop, drop and roll, smother the flames with a blanket or towel. Use cool water to treat the burn immediately for three to five minutes. Cover with a clean, dry cloth. Get medical help right away by calling 9-1-1 or the fire department.


After a Fire


Contact your local disaster relief service, such as The Red Cross, if you need temporary housing, food and medicines.
Check with the fire department to make sure your residence is safe to enter.
DO NOT attempt to reconnect utilities yourself. The fire department should make sure that utilities are either safe to use or are disconnected before they leave the site.
Conduct an inventory of damaged property and items. Do not throw away any damaged goods until after you make the inventory of your items.
Begin saving receipts for any money you spend related to fire loss. The receipts may be needed later by the insurance company and for verifying losses claimed on your income tax.
Notify your mortgage company of the fire.


Prevent Home Fires


Home fires can be preventable. The following are simple steps that each of us can take to prevent a tragedy.


Image


Cooking


Stay in the kitchen when you are frying, grilling or broiling food. Turn off the stove if you leave the kitchen for even a short period of time.
Wear short, close-fitting or tightly rolled sleeves when cooking.
Position barbecue grills at least 10 feet away from siding and deck railings, and out from under eaves and overhanging branches.
Keep a fire extinguisher available.


Electrical and Appliance Safety


Frayed wires can cause fires. Replace all worn, old or damaged appliance cords immediately and do not run cords under rugs or furniture.
If an appliance has a three-prong plug, use it only in a three-slot outlet. Never force it to fit into a two-slot outlet or extension cord.
Immediately shut off, then professionally replace, light switches that are hot to the touch and lights that flicker.


Holiday Safety


Turn off holiday lights at night or when you leave the house.
Replace any string of lights with worn or broken cords or loose bulb connections.
Keep candles at least 12 inches away from flammable materials or consider using flameless candles.
Water your Christmas tree daily and don’t let it dry out. A dry tree is more flammable.
Make sure your tree is at least three feet away from any heat source, like fireplaces, radiators, candles, heat vents or lights, and not blocking an exit.
Don’t overload extension cords and outlets.


Fireplaces and Woodstoves


Inspect and clean woodstove pipes and chimneys annually and check monthly for damage or obstructions.
Use a fireplace screen heavy enough to stop rolling logs and big enough to cover the entire opening of the fireplace to catch flying sparks.
Make sure the fire is completely out before leaving the house or going to bed.


Portable Space Heaters


Keep combustible objects at least three feet away from portable heating devices.
Only buy heaters evaluated by a nationally recognized laboratory, such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
Check to make sure the portable heater has a thermostat control mechanism and will switch off automatically if the heater falls over.
Only use crystal clear K-1 kerosene in kerosene heaters. Never overfill it. Use the heater in a well-ventilated room away from curtains and other flammable items.


Keeping Children Safe


Take the mystery out of fire play by teaching children that fire is a tool, not a toy.
Store matches and lighters out of children's reach and sight, preferably in a locked cabinet.
Never leave children unattended near operating stoves or burning candles, even for a short time.


More Fire Prevention Tips


Never use a stove range or oven to heat your home. It can increase the risk of fires, burns and could damage the appliance. Gas stoves are especially dangerous to use as heat sources because dangerous levels of carbon monoxide could build up, putting you and your family at risk for carbon monoxide poisoning.
Keep combustible and flammable liquids away from heat sources.
Portable generators should NEVER be used indoors and should only be refueled outdoors and in well-ventilated areas.


Associated Content


U.S. Fire Administration (USFA)


Last Updated: 02/26/2026


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=== Thunderstorms Lightning ===


Thunderstorms & Lightning | Ready.gov


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Prepare for Thunder & Lightning


Stay Safe During


Stay Safe After


Related Content


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit  FEMA.gov  for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit  disasterassistance.gov , email  AskIA@fema.dhs.gov  or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Thunderstorms are common and can be dangerous. They can bring intense wind, flash flooding, hail and dangerous lightning.


Prepare for Thunderstorms & Lightning


Know Your Risk
Know your area’s risk for thunderstorms. In most places they can occur year-round and at any hour. Sign up for your community’s warning system. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide emergency alerts.


Strengthen Your Home
Cut down or trim trees that may be in danger of falling on your home. Consider buying surge protectors, lightning rods or a lightning protection system to protect your home, appliances and electronic devices.


Make an Emergency Plan
Create an emergency plan so that you and your family know what to do, where to go and what you will need to protect yourselves from the effects of a thunderstorm. Identify sturdy buildings close to where you live, work, study and play.


Stay Safe During Thunderstorms & Lightning


If you are under a thunderstorm warning:


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When thunder roars, go indoors! Move from outdoors into a building or car with a roof.


Pay attention to alerts and warnings.


Avoid using electronic devices connected to an electrical outlet.


Avoid running water.


Turn Around. Don’t Drown! Do not drive through flooded roadways. Just six inches of fast-moving water can knock you down, and one foot of moving water can sweep your vehicle away.


Stay Safe After Thunderstorms & Lightning


Pay attention to authorities and weather forecasts for information on whether it is safe to go outside and instructions regarding potential flash flooding.


Watch for fallen power lines and trees. Report them immediately.


Related Content


Thunderstorms Information Sheet (PDF)


NOAA Severe Thunderstorm Safety


Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Lightning


American Red Cross


Last Updated: 05/11/2026


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=== Landslides Debris Flow ===


Landslides & Debris Flow | Ready.gov


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Before a Landslide


During a Landslide


After a Landslide


Related Content


If you are a disaster survivor, please visit  FEMA.gov  for up-to-date information on current disaster declarations. If you have questions about your disaster assistance application, visit  disasterassistance.gov , email  AskIA@fema.dhs.gov  or call the FEMA Helpline at 1-800-621-3362.


Landslides occur in all U.S. states and territories and can be caused by many factors including earthquakes , storms , volcanic eruptions , fire and human modifications of land. The most dangerous, life-threatening and deadliest landslides are the ones that occur quickly, often with little notice.


A landslide occurs when masses of rock, mud or debris move down a slope. When a wildfire burns a slope, it increases the chance of landslides for several years.


How to protect yourself or your property depends on the type of landslide. Land-use zoning, professional inspections, and proper design can reduce many landslide problems, but evacuation often is the only way to protect lives from a debris flow or other fast-moving landslide.


Not all landslides are fast. Some slow-moving landslides move at a snail’s pace, stopping and starting, and not advancing more than three feet a year. While these landslides rarely cause loss of life, they can cause damage to land and property over time.


Before a Landslide


The following are things you can do to protect yourself, your family and your property from the effects of a landslide or debris flow:


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Build an emergency kit .


Make a plan for your household, including your pets, so that you and your family know what to do and where to go in the event of a landslide.


Sign up for your community’s warning system . The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio also provide emergency alerts.


Leave if you have been told to evacuate or you feel it is unsafe to remain in your home. Text SHELTER + your ZIP code to 43362 (4FEMA) to find the nearest shelter in your area (example: shelter 12345 ).


Consult a professional for advice on appropriate preventative measures for your home or business, such as flexible pipe fittings, which can resist breakage better.


Protect your property based on recommendations from a qualified geotechnical professional and/or local city/county guidance on protection from debris flow and flooding. You can't stop or change the path of a debris flow. However, you may be able to protect your property from floodwaters or mud by use of sandbags, retaining walls or k-rails (Jersey barriers).


In mud and debris flow areas, consider building channels or deflection walls to try to direct the flow around buildings. Be aware, however, that when a flow is big enough, it goes where it pleases. Also, you may be liable for damages if you divert a flow and it flows on a neighbor's property.


Talk to your insurance agent if you are at risk from a landslide. Debris flow may be covered by flood insurance policies from the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) .


Recognize Warning Signs


Watch for debris flows and other fast-moving landslides that pose threats to life:


If you are near a wildfire burn area, sign up for emergency alerts and pay attention to weather forecasts for the burn area.


Listen and watch for rushing water, mud or unusual sounds.


Unusual sounds such as trees cracking or boulders knocking together, might indicate moving debris. A faint rumbling sound that increases in volume is noticeable as the landslide nears.


Huge boulders in the landscape can be signs of past debris flows.


Watch for slow-moving landslides, or earthflows, that pose threats to property:


Changes occur in your landscape such as patterns of storm-water drainage on slopes (especially the places where runoff water converges) land movement, small slides, flows, or progressively leaning trees.


Doors or windows stick or jam for the first time.


New cracks appear in plaster, tile, brick or foundations.


Outside walls, walkways or stairs begin pulling away from the building.


Slowly developing, widening cracks appear on the ground or on paved areas such as streets or driveways.


Underground utility lines break.


Bulging ground appears at the base of a slope.


Water breaks through the ground surface in new locations.


Fences, retaining walls, utility poles, or trees tilt or move.


The ground slopes downward in one direction and may begin shifting in that direction under your feet.


During a Landslide


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Listen to local news stations on a battery-powered radio for warnings.


Always follow the instructions from local emergency managers. They provide the latest recommendations based on the threat in your community.


Stay alert and awake during a storm that could cause a landslide. Many deaths from landslides occur while people are sleeping.


Be aware that by the time you are sure a debris flow is coming, it will be too late to get away safely. Never cross a road with water or mud flowing. Never cross a bridge if you see a flow approaching because it can grow faster and larger too quickly for you to escape.


If you do get stuck in the path of a landslide move uphill as quickly as possible.


Avoid river valleys and low-lying areas during times of danger.


If you are near a stream or channel, be alert for any sudden increase or decrease in water flow or water that changes from clear to muddy. These can be signs that a landslide is coming.


After a Landslide


Stay away from the slide area. There may be danger coming from additional slides.


Listen to local radio or television stations for the latest emergency information.


Watch for flooding. Floods sometimes follow landslides and debris flows because they may both be started by the same conditions.


Check for injured and trapped persons near the slide, without entering the direct slide area. Direct rescuers to their locations.


Report broken utility lines and damaged roadways and railways to appropriate authorities. Reporting potential hazards will get the utilities turned off as quickly as possible, preventing further hazard and injury.


Allow trained professionals to check the building foundation, chimney, and surrounding land for damage.


Replant damaged ground as soon as possible since erosion caused by loss of ground cover can lead to flash flooding and additional landslides in the near future.


Seek advice from a geotechnical expert for evaluating landslide hazards or designing corrective techniques to reduce landslide risk. A professional can advise you of the best ways to prevent or reduce landslide risk, without creating further hazard.


Related Content


Landslide Information Sheet (PDF)


U.S. Geological Survey Landslide Hazard Program


American Red Cross- Landslide Safety


Last Updated: 05/11/2026


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