NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Coedmor National Nature Reserve

Coedmor National Nature Reserve is a nature reserve in Wales, located just south of Cardigan, between Llechryd Bridge and the Teifi Marshes in Ceredigion. The reserve comprises a narrow band of woodland about 4 km long, situated on steep slopes on the north bank of the River Teifi, at an altitude of 5–50 m. It was established in order to protect the natural oak woodland on the slopes on either sides of the Teifi gorge. The site is particularly valued for its rich lichen flora, including several rare species, and represents one of the best examples of ancient woodland habitat in the region despite historical disturbances. Geography and landscape The reserve features steep, south-west-facing slopes, which have helped to preserve its ecological significance despite historical disturbances. These geographical features have made complete removal of tree cover difficult throughout history, contributing to the survival of rare species and habitats. Slightly calcareous shale outcrops occur across the site, providing secondary habitats for specialised flora and fauna. Coedmor is one of less than twenty national nature reserves in Wales without water bodies. Flora The woodland is predominantly composed of sessile oak (Quercus petraea), with localised areas of ash (Fraxinus excelsior), beech (Fagus sylvatica) and elm (Ulmus spp.). Owing to disease, few young elms remain within the reserve. An area of mature standard oaks has been preserved near a large house for its landscape value, providing habitat continuity. Ecological significance Coedmor has been assigned a Revised Index of Ecological Continuity (RIEC) of 90 and a New Index of Ecological Continuity (NIEC) of 34 plus four bonus species, indicating an ancient origin and continuous ecological continuity of the woodland. Although ancient trees are now scarce and the woodland has endured substantial disturbance, these high index values reflect its long-established ecosystem. The reserve is notable for its rare lichen funga. It is the type locality for Biatora britannica, first described from a specimen collected on a young dead elm trunk in the reserve in 1996. Other rare lichens recorded at Coedmor include Nephroma laevigatum, Porina heterospora (one of only two records on the British mainland), Sticta canariensis and Lobaria pulmonaria, the latter confined to the area of mature oaks preserved for landscape value. Conservation Despite past disturbances and the rarity of ancient trees, old-forest species have persisted at Coedmor. The steep terrain has impeded complete tree clearance, while slightly calcareous shale outcrops have provided essential secondary habitats. Several areas appear to have been deliberately preserved for their landscape value, allowing mature oaks to remain. In addition, certain crustose lichens have survived felling events by persisting on the bases of old coppice stools. The richest assemblage of old-forest lichens occurs on a steep, south-west-facing slope that is well lit by fallen trees, fostering optimal conditions for these shade-tolerant species. References External links Countryside Council for Wales
Coedydd Aber National Nature Reserve

Coedydd Aber National Nature Reserve lies tucked away in a steep valley on the northern flanks of the Carneddau mountains, roughly midway between Bangor and Llanfairfechan in Gwynedd, Wales. Water cascades over a hard shelf of volcanic rock at the far end of the Aber valley, before plummeting 100m down the Aber Falls to flow swiftly along a torrential river channel to the sea. The nearby village of Abergwyngregyn was an important centre for the Welsh princes in the 13th century, and the valley contains some remains from this period. External links "Coedydd Aber". Countryside Council for Wales. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
Coedydd Maentwrog National Nature Reserve

Coedydd Maentwrog, on the north side of the Vale of Ffestiniog, is the largest wood in the Vale (which runs from the coast at Porthmadog inland to Blaenau Ffestiniog in Gwynedd). The national nature reserve consists of two separate sections: Coed Llyn Mair, and a group of three forests (Coed Ty Coch, Coed Bronturnor and Coed Glanrafon). It offers a variety of habitats, rising from the wooded valley onto open moorland and reaching towards the foot of Moelwyn Bach mountain. A nature trail and a network of public footpaths (some of which are steep and slippery when wet) are features of the reserve. Animals such as the rare lesser horseshoe bat and the wood warbler can be spotted here, and the gorge is noted for its liverworts and lichens. The reserve is located near Maentwrog, and is accessible by car via the A487. It may also be reached year-round by bus and by train from Easter to November, with occasional service during Christmastime and school holidays. References
Colby Woodland Garden

Colby Woodland Garden (Welsh: Gardd Goedwig Colby) is a National Trust woodland garden in a secluded valley, approximately ¾ of a mile north of Amroth in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It is listed on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. History The origin of the estate was the 18th century Rhydlangoed farmhouse, which was expanded by the Colby family, Pembrokeshire coal mine owners, to create Colby Lodge in 1803. There were further alterations and changes of ownership until the property was bought by the Kay family in the 1870s. The woodland gardens were mainly created by Colonel and Mrs Crosland (nee Kay) in the early 20th century. They are listed at Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. Elidyr Mason, niece of Mrs Crosland, inherited the property. The house and walled garden were sold to Pamela and Peter Chance in 1965, with Mason retaining the woodland garden and the rest of the estate. On Mason's death in 1979, her portion of the estate was left to the National Trust. The Chances also transferred ownership of the house and walled garden to the National Trust in 1979, reuniting the two parts of the estate. Extent The woodland, meadow and walled gardens are approximately 8 acres (3.2 ha) with plants such as azaleas, bluebells, camellias, daffodils, magnolias and rhododendrons, along with wildflowers in the meadow. Amenities There is a second-hand bookshop, tearoom, gallery and toilets. Varied events take place during the year, including family games. The house, Colby Lodge, is not open for public viewing, but provides serviced accommodation. National Trust Holidays have three self-catering properties in the area. See also National Trust List of gardens in Wales References External links Britain's Finest One Big Garden Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales: Colby Lodge
Coleg Ceredigion

Coleg Ceredigion, formerly known as Aberystwyth Technical College and later as Aberystwyth College of Further Education, is a bilingual further education college in Ceredigion, Wales. It has two campuses in the two largest towns in Ceredigion, namely Aberystwyth (52.4104°N 4.0532°W﻿ / 52.4104; -4.0532﻿ (Coleg Ceredigion, Aberystwyth Campus)) and Cardigan (52.0872°N 4.6567°W﻿ / 52.0872; -4.6567﻿ (Coleg Ceredigion, Cardigan Campus)). The Principal is Andrew Cornish. In 2017, Coleg Ceredigion became a subsidiary of Coleg Sir Gâr. References External links College website
Coleg Llandrillo

Coleg Llandrillo (Welsh for 'Llandrillo college') is a college in the north of Wales. After its merger in 2012, Grwp Llandrillo Menai became Wales' largest further education institution. History The college (which originally only included the main campus at Rhos-on-Sea) was opened as Llandrillo Technical College by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, on 23 June 1965. The word "Technical" was removed from the name of the college in response to the college's shift towards teaching academic as well as vocational subjects. The name Coleg Llandrillo Cymru was adopted around 2002 and was intended to imply that the college is for the whole of Wales. Since its merger with Coleg Menai, it is now known as Coleg Llandrillo. 2010 merger Coleg Llandrillo formally merged with Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor on 1 April 2010. The merged college (which retained the Coleg Llandrillo name) was located at nine campuses across three counties. Although the colleges had merged their management and administration, the Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor campuses retained the Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor name. 2012 merger In April 2012, Coleg Llandrillo Cymru (which included Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor) merged with Coleg Menai to form Grwp Llandrillo Menai. With 20,000 students across four counties Grwp Llandrillo Menai became Wales' largest further education institution. Coleg Llandrillo Cymru became known as Coleg Llandrillo. Campuses The college has campuses in Rhos-on-Sea, Rhyl, Abergele and a community hub in Colwyn Bay library. The main site or campus is on Llandudno Road at the westerly extremity of Rhos-on-Sea, bordering Rhos-on-Sea Golf Course and close to Penrhyn Bay. Notable former pupils Bryan Parry, actor (Emmerdale, Pride) References External links Llandrillo - Grwp Llandrillo Menai
Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor

Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor (Welsh for 'Meirion-Dwyfor College'; abbreviated CMD) is a college in Gwynedd, Wales with its main campus in Dolgellau. It serves the areas of Meirionydd and Dwyfor. It has a bilingual language policy and offers the opportunity to study most subjects through the medium of Welsh. Since 1 April 2012, it has been a constituent college of Grŵp Llandrillo Menai. Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor has three main campuses at Dolgellau in Meirionnydd, Pwllheli in Dwyfor and Glynllifon (for agricultural courses) near Caernarfon. The Dolgellau campus was previously occupied by Dr Williams School. Notable former pupils include the singer Duffy, who was elected president of the Students' union. Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor formally merged with Coleg Llandrillo on 1 April 2010; this new college merged with Coleg Menai in 2012 to form Grŵp Llandrillo Menai. The merged organisation is one of the largest further education colleges in the UK, located at twelve campuses across four counties. Although the colleges have merged their management and have a central administration, the Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor campuses retain the Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor name. References External links Coleg Meirion-Dwyfor - Grwp Llandrillo Menai
Penrhyn Avenue

Penrhyn Avenue is a cricket ground in Rhos-on-Sea, Wales. The ground was first used by the Glamorgan 1st XI in 1966, although County Championship matches have only been an annual fixture since 1990 (with the exception of 1991 and 1996). In 2015, the ground hosted a County Championship match against Lancashire, during which Lancashire batsmen Ashwell Prince and Alviro Petersen put on a ground record partnership of 501 for the third wicket. The ground was most recently used by Glamorgan in 2019 for a County Championship match, against Lancashire. A proposed game in 2022 was moved to Cardiff and Glamorgan did not play at Penrhyn Avenue in 2023 or 2024. The ground has hosted 32 first-class matches and 28 List A matches, as well as several matches in the Minor Counties Championship, both for Denbighshire and the Wales Minor Counties. Records First-class Highest team score – 718/3dec Glamorgan v. Sussex, 22–25 August 2000 Lowest team score – 118 Derbyshire v. Glamorgan, 27–30 August 1966 Best batting performance – 309 not out Steve James for Glamorgan v. Sussex, 22–25 August 2000 Best bowling performance – 9/49 Tony Cordle for Glamorgan v. Leicestershire, 21–24 June 1969 List A Highest team score – 328/4 – Glamorgan Dragons v. Lancashire Lightning, 21 August 2011 Lowest team score – 105 Durham v. Glamorgan, 20 June 1993 Best batting performance – 144 Jacques Du Toit for Leicestershire Foxes v. Glamorgan Dragons, 10 August 2008 & Alviro Petersen for Glamorgan Dragons v. Lancashire Lightning, 21 August 2011 Best bowling performance – 6/22 Adrian Dale for Glamorgan v. Durham, 20 June 1993 References External links Colwyn Bay Cricket Club Cricinfo Website – Ground Page Cricket Archive page
Connah's Quay High School

Connah's Quay High School (CQHS, Welsh: Ysgol Uwchradd Cei Connah) is an 11–16 mixed, English-medium, community comprehensive secondary school in Connah's Quay, Flintshire, Wales. The school has a roll of 992 learners, of whom 120 are in the sixth form. The school underwent significant development in 2002, when a science, English and music wing was built, and then again in 2018, when a new two-storey building replaced the old three-storey structure. History Connah's Quay High School is an 11–16 mixed, English-medium, community comprehensive secondary school. The school has a roll of 992 learners, of whom 120 are in the sixth form. The school is one of two schools in North Wales to be part of the iNET Innovation Hub. Facilities A £2.3 million science, English and music wing was completed in October 2002, after a two-year project also involving extensions and redevelopment of the existing buildings. When Prince Andrew, Duke of York visited the school to declare the new block officially open, the opening ceremony was interrupted by a fire alarm caused by a hot tea urn. Connahs Quay High School underwent further modernisation beginning in 2017, with the demolition and complete rebuild of the old food and design wing. The three-storey pre-existing building was demolished, and a new two-storey building erected. The redevelopment was completed by architects Ellis Williams and construction firm Kier Construction in 2018. During the redevelopment, a time capsule was buried on the site, intended to be dug up and opened in 2015. Notable alumni Tom Doran boxer, held the WBC International middleweight title in 2016 Scott van-der-sluis Love Island Contestant in 2023 UK Tenth Series, US Fifth Series and Love Island Games Luke Thomas (born 1993), a celebrity chef, author and entrepreneur Drew Parker independent wrestler previously with Big Japan Pro Wrestling Wayne Hennessey Footballer who played for the Welsh national football team between 2007 and 2023 Welsh Welsh Government defines the school as an English-medium secondary school. According to the latest Estyn inspection report, the school was removed from the list of schools needing significant improvement. References
Conwy RSPB reserve

Conwy RSPB reserve (formerly RSPB Glan Conwy) is a nature reserve of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds situated on the east side of the Conwy estuary in Conwy County Borough, North Wales. It covers 47 hectares (114 acres) and protects a variety of habitats including grassland, scrubland, reedbeds, salt marsh and mudflats. It was created as compensation for the destruction of areas of wildlife habitat during the construction of the A55 road tunnel under the estuary between 1986 and 1991. Waste from dredging was dumped onto the site which was later landscaped to create two large pools and several smaller ones. The reserve opened to the public on 14 April 1995 and facilities for visitors now include a visitor centre, café and three hides. A farmers' market is held on the reserve car park each month. Over 220 species of bird have been recorded on the reserve, including lapwing, little ringed plover, skylark and reed warbler. Large numbers of ducks and waders are present outside the breeding season, together with water rails and a large roost of starlings. Vagrant birds have included the stilt sandpiper, Terek sandpiper, broad-billed sandpiper and alpine swift. Other wildlife includes otter, stoat and weasel along with 11 species of dragonfly and damselfly and 22 different butterflies. The reserve has become increasingly well-vegetated and 273 species of plant have been found. Stands of common reed and areas of willow and alder have been planted. References David Saunders (2000) Where to watch birds in Wales, 3rd ed., Christopher Helm, London RSPB (2005) "Celebrating 10 years at RSPB Conwy", Y Barcud: Summer 2005 External links RSPB reserve guide
Conwy bymur

Conwy bymur er en middelalderlig forsvarsmur, der blev bygget omkring byen Conwy i North Wales. Muren blev opført mellem 1283 og 1287 efter Edvard 1. havde grundlagt byen Conwy. De blev designet som en integreret del af byens forsvar sammen med Conwy Castle. Muren er 1,3 km lang og inkluderer 21 tårne og tre portbygninger. Projektet blev udført med en stor mængde arbejdere, der var bragt til stedet fra England, og sammen med borgen kostede muren omkring £15.000, hvilket var en enorm sum for perioden. Under Glyndwroprøret i 1401, der blev ledet af Owain Glyndŵr, blev de lidt skadede, men politiske ændringer i 1500-tallet reducerede behovet for at vedligeholde forsvarsværkerne omkring bilen. Da man bragt jernbanen til Conwy i 1800-tallet gjorde man det under hensyntagen til muren, og det har været med til at bevare den stort set intakt frem til i dag. Sammen med borgen er det en del af UNESCOs verdensarvsområde, som administreres af Cadw. Historikerne Oliver Creighton og Robert Higham har beskrevet deet som "en af de mest imponerende mure" i Europa. Se også Bymure i England og Wales Referencer Litteratur Ashbee, Jeremy A. (2007) Conwy Castle. Cardiff: Cadw. ISBN 978-1-85760-259-3. Brown, R. Allen. (1962) English Castles. London: Batsford. OCLC 1392314. Creighton, Oliver Hamilton and Robert Higham. (2005) Medieval Town Walls: an Archaeology and Social History of Urban Defence. Stroud, UK: Tempus. ISBN 978-0-7524-1445-4. Given-Wilson, Chris. (1996) The English Nobility in the Late Middle Ages. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-44126-8. Hull, Lise E. and Whitehorne, Stephen. (2008) Great Castles of Britain & Ireland. London: New Holland Publishers. ISBN 978-1-84773-130-2. Kenyon, John R. (2010) "Arnold Taylor's Contribution to the Study of the Edwardian Castles in Wales," in Williams and Kenyon (eds) (2010). Lilley, Keith D. (2010) "The Landscapes of Edward's New Towns: Their Planning and Design," in Williams and Kenyon (eds) (2010). Longley, David. (2010) "Gwynedd Before and After the Conquest," in Williams and Kenyon (eds) (2010). Lott, Graham. (2010) "The Building Stones of the Edwardian Castles," in Williams and Kenyon (eds) (2010). Pounds, Norman John Greville. (1994) The Medieval Castle in England and Wales: a Social and Political History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-45828-3. Prestwich, Michael. (2010) "Edward I and Wales," in Williams and Kenyon (eds) (2010). Taylor, Arnold. (2008) Caernarfon Castle and Town Walls. Cardiff: Cadw. ISBN 978-1-85760-209-8. Williams, Diane M. and John R. Kenyon. (eds) (2010) The Impact of the Edwardian Castles in Wales. Oxford: Oxbow Books. ISBN 978-1-84217-380-0.
Muralhas de Conwy

As muralhas da cidade de Conwy são uma estrutura defensiva medieval ao redor da cidade de Conwy, no País de Gales. As muralhas foram erguidas entre 1283 e 1287 depois da fundação de Conwy por Eduardo I, e foram projetadas para formar um sistema integrado de defesa ao lado do Castelo de Conwy. As muralhas tem 1,3 km de comprimento e incluem 21 torres e três portarias. O projeto foi concluído utilizando grandes quantidades de trabalhadores trazidos da Inglaterra; o custo de construção do castelo e das muralhas juntos foi de aproximadamente £ 15.000, uma soma enorme para a época. As paredes foram ligeiramente danificadas durante a rebelião de Owain Glyndŵr em 1401, mas as mudanças políticas no século XVI reduziram a necessidade de manter tais defesas em volta da cidade. As fortificações foram tratadas com simpatia durante o desenvolvimento dos sistemas rodoviários e ferroviários em Conwy durante o século XIX e sobreviveram praticamente intactas no período moderno. Hoje, as paredes fazem parte do patrimônio mundial da UNESCO administrado pela Cadw. Os historiadores Oliver Creighton e Robert Higham descrevem as defesas como "um dos circuitos murados mais impressionantes" da Europa. Referências
Menai Heritage Bridges Exhibition

The Menai Heritage Bridges Exhibition is a museum based in the Canolfan Thomas Telford Centre in Menai Bridge, Anglesey, Wales. It is dedicated to the two bridges across the Menai Strait; the Menai Suspension Bridge and the Britannia Bridge, as well as the local history and natural history of the Menai Strait and the surrounding area History The Canolfan Thomas Telford Centre is a former National school associated with the neighbouring St Mary's Church, both designed by well-known local architect Henry Kennedy. It was opened in 1854 as a simple rectangular building. In 1878 an extension was built to the back, a cloakroom was added in 1896, and the front porch in 1909. It continued to be used as a school until 1923, when the school merged with the council school. It was then used as a church hall until 2007. In 2007 it was purchased and refurbished by the Menai Bridge Community Heritage Trust (also known as Menai Heritage), who named it in honour of Thomas Telford, the builder of the Menai Suspension Bridge. The Trust was formed in 1997 to preserve the historical and architectural heritage of Menai Bridge for the community. The building is now used as a community centre as well as home to Menai Heritage's Bridges Exhibition, a fully accredited museum. References External links Museum website
Agincourt House, Monmouth

Agincourt House, No. 1 Agincourt Square, Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales is a notable early seventeenth century half-timbered building. History The building has been much restored, but the bargeboard over the gable onto Agincourt Square gives a date of 1624. The initials on either side of the date are those of William Roberts, whose grandson rebuilt Drybridge House in Monmouth. John V. Hiling, in his study The Architecture of Wales: From the first to the twenty-first century, considers it one of the two notable Tudor buildings in the town, and notes the two-storey oriel window. Agincourt House is Grade II* listed as at 27 June 1952. It is one of 24 buildings on the Monmouth Heritage Trail. A house on the site is shown on John Speed's map of Monmouth Town dated 1610, the street plan on which was to remain unaltered until the 19th century. The present shop frontage is late nineteenth century. From around 1830 to the end of the 19th century it was an ironmongers. In 1830 the proprietor was Josiah Coates, who was also a blacksmith, brazier, and tinplate worker. From the early 1860s to 1883 the proprietor was Joseph Coates, with the words 'Furnishing' and 'Ironmonger' on the shop fascia to either side of the name 'Coates'. He also undertook the duties of blacksmith, but he was also a nailmaker, locksmith, and bellhanger. Joseph Coates (d. 1883) was a chorister and churchwarden at St Mary's Priory Church. From 1884 the premises were occupied by another Ironmonger, namely William Honeyfield, a prominent citizen in Monmouth who served as mayor between 1891 and 1895. He was also a mason and a member of the bellringers at St Mary's Priory Church, and took part in a 10-part peal of bells recorded on a plaque in the bell tower (Thursday July 1, 1896). In 1919 the premises were occupied by the YMCA, and in the early 1920s by Cash & Co. (boot and shoe makers). The name Cash & Co. may still be seen in the mosaic floor to the front entrance doorway. By 1934 the premises had been taken over by W. & E. Turner Ltd., shoe retailer. 'Le Gourmet', the butchers currently in Church Street, occupied the shop in the 1980s when it closed as a shoe shop. After the butchers moved out the premises were extensively restored and were given an award by Monmouth Civic Society on 16 October 1991. From 1992 up to March 2010 the premises were an antiques shop, and it is now (2012) a clothes shop, with offices on the upper floors. Notes References Hiling, John B. (2018). The Architecture of Wales: From the First to the Twenty-First Centuries. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 978-1-786-83285-6. Newman, John (2000). Gwent/Monmouthshire. The Buildings of Wales. London: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-071053-1.