NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Northland Arboretum

The Northland Arboretum is a 413-acre non-profit arboretum and nature reserve in Brainerd, Minnesota, United States. The arboretum was founded in 1972 when the Brainerd Landfill closed; that original 40-acre (160,000 m2) landfill site now supports a grassland. The Arboretum now contains a Red Pine plantation and an area of Jack Pine savanna, with nearly 20 kilometers of trails for hiking and cross-country skiing, of which nearly 5 kilometers are lit for evening skiing. Other areas include a native tree trail, youth gardens, a wildflower trail, and a pond with arched bridge. The Nature Conservancy owns nearly 200 acres (0.81 km2) within the arboretum. Arboretum plants include woodland wildflowers such as shinleaf, rattlesnake-plantain, blue-bead lily, and pink lady's slipper; prairie vegetation such as silky prairie clover, birdfoot violet, blue-eyed grass, gayfeather, and pasque flower; and grasses such as big bluestem, kalm's brome, muly-grass, porcupine grass, and June grass. See also List of botanical gardens in the United States External links Official website
Northland Country Club

Northland Country Club is a private country club in Duluth, Minnesota. It was established in 1899. In 1927, Northland was renovated by golf course architect Donald Ross. It features bent grass fairways and greens. Scorecard Recognition Northland Country Club is recognized as #87 on Golfweek's 2010 top 100 classic courses list See also List of Donald Ross designed courses References External links Official website
Northwest Angle Airport

Northwest Angle Airport (FAA LID: 58MN) is a privately owned, private-use airport located in Angle Inlet, a township in Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota, United States. It is the northernmost airport in the contiguous United States. Facilities and aircraft Northwest Angle Airport covers an area of 18 acres which contains a runway designated 8/26 with a 2,380 x 105 ft (715 x 32 m) turf surface. For the 12-month period ending August 3, 1979, the airport had 400 aircraft operations, an average of 33 per month: 100% general aviation. At that time there weren't any aircraft based at this airport. History The airport was built as part of a resort in 1965 by Norman Carlson. In 1995 the airport was closed to public use due to liability concerns. In 2012 a preliminary airport feasibility study was conducted to determine whether there was demand for a new public airport. A second airport feasibility study identified six possible sites for a public airport including the existing airport. Three potential sites were found potentially economically, aeronautically, and environmentally feasible. A third airport feasibility study completed additional tasks to refine estimated costs for a proposed airport. Lake of the Woods County Commissioners on June 16, 2015 selected a site one to 1.5 miles southeast of downtown Angle Inlet to build a new airport that will open the remote area of northern Minnesota to general aviation. The airport feasibility studies refer to this location as site 3. References External links Resources for this airport: FAA airport information for 58MN AirNav airport information for 58MN FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker SkyVector aeronautical chart for 58MN
Northwestern Knitting Company Factory building

The Northwestern Knitting Company Factory, also known as Munsingwear Corporation and later as International Market Square, is a former factory building in the Sumner-Glenwood neighborhood of Minneapolis. The company was founded in 1888 by George D. Munsing, who invented a method of plating wool fibers with silk and cotton to make the union suit more comfortable. The company received financial backing from Clinton Morrison and Charles Alfred Pillsbury, who were prominent businessmen in the Minneapolis flour milling industry. This style of underwear, patented in 1891, proved to be very popular, and the company eventually became the world's largest manufacturer of underwear. The company changed its name in 1919 to Munsingwear. The company built five brick and concrete buildings between 1904 and 1915, eventually creating a complex covering 650,000 square feet (60,000 m2) and employing up to 2000 workers. The five- to eight-story buildings had long rows of windows, and although the buildings mostly had a plain appearance, the architects added some details such as slightly projecting cornices, fretwork friezes, and fluted Doric columns. The oldest of the buildings, along Glenwood Avenue, is notable for being the city's first entirely reinforced concrete building. Engineer C.A.P. Turner used concrete columns shaped like a mushroom on top, and he eventually patented this process, which was widely used. The brick used in the buildings' construction is the cream-colored Chaska Brick, popular as a building material at the time, quarried and manufactured in nearby Chaska, Minnesota. The building also contains a unique double helix stairway, believed to be one of the first of its kind in the United States. Two stairways spiral around each other, creating a smooth transition where arriving workers went up one set of stairs and departing workers exited down the other. The factory eventually closed in 1981 when the economy reduced demand for Munsingwear's products. In 1985, the buildings were renovated and the complex was renamed International Market Square, which housed offices, shops, and over 100 showrooms for home and office products. The renovation included a five-story atrium created by roofing over an old courtyard where rail tracks once served the complex. In 2005, some portions of the building were renovated into 96 loft apartments. This was a leading example of adaptive reuse in Minneapolis. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. See also Poughkeepsie Underwear Factory: underwear factory on the NRHP Richmond Underwear Company Building: underwear factory on the NRHP References External links International Market Square
Northwestern National Life Building

The Northwestern National Life Building, later known as the ReliaStar Building, then known as ING 20 Washington and now known as Voya Financial 20 Washington, is an office building located in the Gateway District of Minneapolis. It was designed by Minoru Yamasaki as the headquarters of the Northwestern National Life Insurance Company and was opened in 1965. The building was constructed to replace the Northwestern National Life Insurance Company Home Office near Loring Park, which had become too small for the number of employees in the company. The building features an 85 foot (26 m) portico that serves as the visual terminus for the Nicollet Mall. Yamasaki said that his design was intended to be "appropriate to an office building, monumental and dignified, yet graceful." The building is framed by about 63 slender quartz-faced concrete columns. He said the porch at the main entrance would be "delicate" and "a delight to walk through". Yamasaki's touches also included reflective pools and landscaping, and he claimed he was designing "a park with a building in it". Architecture critic Larry Millett calls it, "a temple to the gods of underwriting, built by an insurance company and mixing luxury and high camp in way that, say, Liberace would have appreciated" and "a high point of 1960s modernism in Minneapolis." The company had 475 employees working in the home office in 1964, when this building opened. In 1978, the company had 850 employees, with some working in nearby offices because the main building had been occupied to capacity. In 1978, Northwestern National Life announced plans to build a 20-story office tower across Marquette Avenue, which became 100 Washington Square. That building was designed to have two-thirds of its space available to rent to other tenants. In April 2026, developer CDT Realty announced plans to convert the structure into a boutique hotel. The plan includes relocating mechanical equipment from the penthouse to create a pool and patio. The developer hopes to open the hotel in 2028. Gallery References
Norwegian Lutheran Memorial Church (Minneapolis)

The Norwegian Lutheran Memorial Church of Minneapolis (Norwegian Den Norske Lutherske Mindekirke), better known as Mindekirken, is a Lutheran church in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It is one of two American churches still using Norwegian as a primary liturgical language, the other being Minnekirken in Chicago. King Harald V of Norway is the church's patron. History The congregation of Mindekirken was formed in 1922 by the Norwegian Lutheran Church of America in response to the rapid abandonment of Norwegian in favor of English among Norwegian Lutheran churches at that time. The Norse-American Centennial Celebration that was held in Saint Paul, Minnesota, in 1925 to commemorate the 1825 arrival of the Norwegian immigrant ship Restaurationen helped provide the impetus for a "memorial" church to be built to house the new congregation, to serve as a living memorial to Norwegian immigration. Mindekirken was finally dedicated on May 4, 1930. The church has been visited by members of the Norwegian royal family on several occasions. King Olav V of Norway visited on November 4, 1975 near the Sequicentennial of the Restauration voyage. HM Queen Sonja visited on October 16, 2022 to celebrate the congregation's centennial, on the same weekend as Her Majesty headlined grand opening celebrations for neighboring Norway House's Innovation and Culture Center. To celebrate the 2025 Bicentennial of the Restauration's 1825 voyage, Mindekirken will dedicate a model church ship of Restaurationen to hang in the sanctuary. Mission Mindekirken's mission statement reads: "To serve as a spiritual center for the Scandinavian American Community, worshiping in both Norwegian and English. To be a warm and inviting place for visitors and members alike, where people join in fellowship across different ages and cultural backgrounds. To encourage activities such as Leiv Eriksson International Festival, Syttende Mai Celebration, concerts, festive dinners and language classes." See also Mindekirken is located in the Ventura Village neighborhood within the Phillips community of Minneapolis, MN. Mindekirken is in the Minneapolis Area Synod of the ELCA. Mindekirken was originally a member of the American Lutheran Church (ALC), until January 1, 1988, when it merged with the Lutheran Church in America (LCA) and the Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches (AELC), thus creating the largest Lutheran church body in the United States. References External links Mindekirken- Norwegian language church in Minneapolis Minnekirken Norwegian language church in Chicago Sjømannskirken Website of The Norwegian Church Abroad, which operates churches in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston, New Orleans, Miami and New York Mpls-synod.org of the ELCA Mindekirken's listing at the ELCA's Minneapolis Synod web site Mindekirken is centrally located in the Ventura Village neighborhood in the Phillips Community Archived 2011-08-02 at the Wayback Machine of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Photos Norwegian Lutheran Memorial Church at the Minnesota Historical Society
O. E. Rolvaag House

The O. E. Rølvaag House was the home of Ole Edvart Rølvaag (1876–1931), Norwegian-American novelist and professor at St. Olaf College. The home is located at 311 Manitou Street in Northfield, Minnesota, United States, near the college. Rølvaag wrote most of his works in this house. Rølvaag was born in Norway in 1876, and emigrated to the United States in 1896, settling in South Dakota. He graduated from St. Olaf College in 1905, and got a position there teaching Norwegian and writing. Rølvaag was the first novelist to describe the psychological cost of pioneering on the American frontier. Rølvaag's famous trilogy—Giants in the Earth (1927), Peder Victorious (1928), and Their Father's God (1931)—assesses the adjustments immigrant farmers had to make to prosper in the American Midwest. The house stands on the west side of Manitou Street, between Greenvale and Summit Avenues, just east of the St. Olaf College campus. It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a stuccoed first floor and a clapboarded half story. It has a broad side-gable roof, with a pair of large gable dormers projecting to the front. The eaves of the main roof and dormers are extended, with exposed rafter ends and large brackets in the Craftsman style. The roof extends downward to shelter a now-enclosed porch extending across the front. The house was built for Rølvaag in 1912, and remained his home until his death in 1931. Principal alterations during his occupancy were the enclosing of the front porch, and the development of a garden in the rear. Some of the interior finishes have been preserved, including oak trim in the public spaces downstairs. See also List of National Historic Landmarks in Minnesota National Register of Historic Places listings in Rice County, Minnesota References
Oak Grove Lutheran School

Oak Grove Lutheran School is a private, Lutheran school for students in pre-Kindergarten through grade 12 in Fargo, North Dakota. It was founded in 1906. Oak Grove began as school that housed mostly Norwegian schoolgirls. History In March 2009, the permanent dike surrounding the school was breached by the Red River, causing the school to relocate operations for the remainder of the school year. Athletics Oak Grove competes in the North Dakota High School Activities Association. Oak Grove offers baseball, basketball, golf, track and field, and volleyball. In conjunction with other Fargo schools, it also offers softball, cross country, ice hockey, soccer, swimming and diving, tennis, wrestling, and gymnastics. Fine arts Oak Grove students begin participating in music programs in elementary school. Students participate in choirs K-12. Elementary students can perform in the choir squad alongside their general music classes. Starting in 5th grade, students can participate in school bands. Middle school has both a general choir and an auditioned honor choir, and high school specialty choirs include concert choir, chapel choir, madrigals, and carolers. Activities The Oak Grove Lutheran School chess team is open to anyone in grades 1-12 and is active in the fall, winter and spring. The speech team is active in the winter and spring and open to students in grades 7–12. References External links Oak Grove Lutheran School website
Old Main (Augsburg University)

Old Main is a building on the campus of Augsburg University in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the Cedar-Riverside neighborhood. It was built in 1901 at a cost of $35,000, designed by the St. Paul firm of Omeyer and Thori and built by Charles F. Haglin, who built other structures such as the Lumber Exchange Building and the Peavey–Haglin Experimental Concrete Grain Elevator. The building, originally known as "New Main", was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The building is large and symmetrical, evoking a classical architectural style. When it opened, it contained a chapel, gymnasium, classrooms, library and museum. It became the center of campus activity and a point of pride for the college. It has not been altered significantly from its original design. It retains its architectural integrity, as well as its historical and educational significance. A number of renovations in 1980 aimed to improve energy efficiency while preserving architectural details from the past. References
Old Mill State Park

Old Mill State Park is a small Minnesota state park on the Middle River between Argyle and Newfolden on an ancient beach of glacial Lake Agassiz in Marshall County in the northwestern part of the state. It is a 406-acre (164 ha) park. History The park area was originally homesteaded by the Larson Family in 1882. A series of water- and wind-powered mills were soon built in the area. Eventually a steam-powered mill replaced the older technology. The state bought the area in 1937 and rebuilt the steam engine in 1958. Every year as part of the park's special events and interpretive programs, the old mill is run as it had been years ago. Wildlife Many species are attracted to the river that runs through the park. Deer and moose are the largest animals that frequent the park. Beaver, raccoon, white-tailed jackrabbits and snowshoe hares are common. A bird migration route runs through the park adding more wildlife especially in the spring and fall. The ground-nesting marsh hawk is a common summer resident. Owls and the occasional eagle have been sighted in the park. National Register of Historic Places A 25-acre (10 ha) historic district including eight contributing buildings and structures, built by the Works Progress Administration, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Larson Mill is listed separately on the National Register of Historic Places. References External links Old Mill State Park
Oliver Kelley Farm

The Oliver Kelley Farm is a farm museum in Elk River, Minnesota, United States. From 1850 to 1870 it was owned by Oliver Hudson Kelley, one of the founders of the National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, the country's first national agrarian advocacy group. The Oliver Kelley Farm is operated as a historic site by the Minnesota Historical Society. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964 under the name Oliver H. Kelley Homestead—which also places it on the National Register of Historic Places—for its national significance in the themes of agriculture and social history. It was nominated as a representative of the beginnings of agrarian activism in the United States, setting the stage for the Farmers' Alliance and the People's Party of the late 19th century. History Oliver Kelley (1826–1913) moved to Minnesota in 1849, the year that Minnesota Territory was formed. Although he knew little about farming, he taught himself using agricultural journals and correspondence with other "scientific-oriented" farmers. He became an expert on farming in Minnesota, and he learned how adverse events such as bad weather, debt, insect pests, and crop failures could devastate a farmer's fortunes. In 1864, he became a clerk in the United States Department of Agriculture. After the end of the American Civil War, he toured the agricultural resources of the Southern states. When he returned to Washington, D.C., he was convinced that farmers' fortunes could be improved through cooperative associations with other farmers. Along with several other associates, he founded the National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry in 1867. The following year Kelley returned to this farm, helping organize Minnesota's state-level Grange and 37 local Granges. Kelley moved back to Washington, D.C., in 1870, suffering from ill health but still active in Grange leadership. The extant farmhouse was built in 1876 on the foundations of the original Kelley family farmhouse. The farm remained in the ownership of the family until 1901. The National Grange bought the farm in 1935 and donated it to the Minnesota Historical Society in 1961. Today, the farm offers tours by guides in period costume, who invite visitors to help out with farm chores such as picking vegetables, churning butter, and making soap. In 2003, state budget shortfalls threatened closure for the historical site. In response, the group Friends of the Kelley Farm was organized to help raise money to close the funding gap. The Friends group also supports the educational goals of the site and works for the site's preservation. In 2017, the Minnesota Historical Society opened a new visitor center and modern Farm Lab area with a barn, garden and cropland. These new facilities in combination with Kelley's historic 1860s farmstead allow the historic site to explore agricultural history from the 1860s through modern day. See also List of museums in Minnesota List of National Historic Landmarks in Minnesota National Register of Historic Places listings in Sherburne County, Minnesota References External links Oliver Kelley Farm—Minnesota Historical Society Friends of the Kelley Farm
Omaha Road Bridge Number 15

Omaha Road Bridge Number 15 is a swing bridge that spans the Mississippi River in St. Paul, Minnesota, United States. It was built in 1915 by the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway (Omaha Road), though it, and the line from St. Paul to Mendota, was jointly owned with the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway (Milwaukee Road). The causeway curves around Pickerel Lake in Lilydale, Minnesota, before crossing into St. Paul. The bridge was designed by I.F. Stern of Chicago. It is unusually shaped, because the swing span is asymmetrical. According to local legend, the original bridge design had equal length spans on either side of the center pivot. Once the bridge was completed, the owner of the property on the south side of the river did not want the swing span crossing his land. In response, the owner removed most of the south end of the swing span and added a concrete counterweight to compensate for the lost material. Legends aside, the reason for the "bobtail" configuration of the bridge is that the section of the river deep enough for navigation at that point is not wide enough to accommodate a full-sized swing bridge. The counterweight is necessary to keep both ends of the bridge in balance over the center pier, which is near the right descending bank. While the legend may be an appealing one, it cannot withstand the fact that no qualified bridge engineer would lavish the material and effort required to build a swing span over land. The bridge forces barge traffic heading up river to cross over to their respective port (south) shore of the river, while those heading downstream are able to maintain their normal traffic pattern. An earlier bridge in this location, built in 1869, was a wooden Howe truss design. This was one of the original 15 bridges spanning the Mississippi River. The first bridge was an 8-span drawbridge, but much of the superstructure had to be replaced in 1877 because of decay in the original pine chords. It was a joint bridge of the Minnesota Valley Railroad Company (predecessor of the Omaha Road) and the Minnesota Central Railroad Company (predecessor of the Milwaukee Road) See also List of crossings of the Upper Mississippi River References Bibliography Mailer, Stan (2004). The Omaha Road: Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha. Mukilteo, Washington: Hundman Publishing. ISBN 0-945434-04-9. OL 8448884M.