NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Phare de Fort Carroll

Le phare de Fort Caroll (en anglais : Fort Caroll Light) est un phare abandonné situé sur le mur de Fort Carroll (en), dans la rivière de Patapsco en baie de Chesapeake dans le Comté de Baltimore, Maryland. Il se trouve juste au sud-est de Francis Scott Key Bridge (Baltimore). Historique La construction de Fort Carroll à partir de 1847 a mis en place un nouveau grand danger pour la navigation dans le chenal, et une maison de gardien avec une tour de phare a été construite en 1854 . À cette époque, le gardien de la lumière était le seul résident de l'île artificielle. Le fort n’a jamais été achevé comme prévu, mais néanmoins, les modifications apportées aux fortifications ont entraîné un certain nombre de modifications de la lumière. La tour a été déplacée vers le sud-ouest du fort en 1875 et une nouvelle maison de gardien a été construite en 1888. La guerre hispano-américaine a donné lieu à un projet de modernisation des canons du fort en armes modernes de marine, ce qui a déplacé la tour sur le coin nord-ouest. En 1900, la tour fut à nouveau déplacée vers un emplacement plus central sur le mur ouest. Cette tour, une petite structure en bois carrée avec une cloche de brouillard, a survécu jusqu'à nos jours. Le fort était stratégiquement obsolète presque avant le début des travaux et l'armée l'a finalement abandonné en 1921, un an après l'automatisation de la lumière en 1920. Le gouvernement fédéral a toutefois conservé la propriété, qui a été utilisée par les garde-côtes comme un champ de tir et des locaux temporaires pour les marins dont les navires étaient en cours de fumigation. À ce moment-là, la lumière avait été arrêtée. Divers projets de réutilisation ont suivi et, en 1958, la propriété a été vendue à Benjamin Eisenberg, un avocat de Baltimore qui avait l’intention de construire un casino sur place. Des problèmes juridictionnels ont permis de résoudre ce problème, et la propriété n'a jamais été utilisée à des fins commerciales. Dans sa négligence, le fort est devenu par défaut un refuge pour les oiseaux de mer. La lumière reste perchée sur les murs de la forteresse, mais dans un état de délabrement extrême. Identifiant : ARLHS : USA-290 . Voir aussi Références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Fort Carroll Light » (voir la liste des auteurs). Lien connexe Liste des phares du Maryland Liens externes (en) Maryland Lighthouses (en) Lighthouses of the United States : Maryland Eastern Shore (en) Lighthouses of the United States : Maryland Western Shore (en) Maryland - ARLHS World List of Lights (WLOL) (en) Maryland - Online list of lights (en) Fort Carroll Light - Lightphotos.net Portail des phares Portail de l’océan Atlantique Portail de Baltimore
Fort Frederick (Maryland)

Fort Frederick était une fortification de la guerre de Sept Ans, située dans la ville d'Hagerstown, dans le comté de Washington, dans l'État du Maryland près du fleuve Potomac dans l'Est des États-Unis. Histoire Le fort a été construit après la défaite d'Edward Braddock, ce qui avait rendu la frontière vulnérable aux attaques franco-indiennes à l'est de la région du Fort Duquesne. Le Fort Frederick fut construit près du le fleuve Potomac entourant le Fort Frederick, un fort de style Vauban en étoile commun durant la guerre de Sept Ans (1754-1763). Le Fort Frederick a été construit en 1756-57 par la colonie du Maryland à la demande du gouverneur Horatio Sharpe pour construire une fortification afin de protéger la frontière. Le fort, nommé d'après Frederick Calvert, 6e Baron Baltimore, a été achevé l'année suivante. Le style du fort, qui a été développé au XVIIe siècle par Sébastien Vauban, un ingénieur français, est un grand carré avec quatre bastions en forme de losange, typique des fortifications du XVIIIe siècle. Le grand fort de pierre a été conçu principalement comme un lieu de refuge pour les colons de la région. Des hommes du 60e régiment de fantassins et des soldats de la milice locale occupèrent le fort. Des soldats et miliciens ont été envoyés pour patrouiller dans la région et dissuader, sinon empêcher, les raids indiens. Le fort n'a pas été conçu pour résister à l'artillerie, car il était correctement supposé que les français ne seraient pas en mesure de transporter de l'artillerie depuis les forts éloignés de l'ouest comme le Fort Duquesne. Le fort n'a jamais été directement attaqué. Il pouvait résister aux tentatives d'incendies mais n'était pas construit pour résister à un siège avec des canons. Entre 1757 et 1758, de petits raids menés par des Amérindiens et des officiers français dans des colonies voisines ont poussé les colons de la campagne environnante à fuir vers l'est ; environ 700 personnes pouvaient s'y abriter. Le fort a également servi en 1763 pendant la rébellion de Pontiac. Il fut également utilisé pendant la révolution américaine (1775-1783). Un parc d'État se trouve au sud de la ville de Big Pool, Maryland. Frontière La frontière avec les États voisins a longtemps été contestée et fut établie par la Ligne Mason-Dixon en 1820 créant une certaine confusion entre les comtés et certains lieux près de la frontière. Notes et références Annexes Bibliographie René Chartrand, The Forts of Colonial North America : British, Dutch and Swedish colonies, 2011, 64 p. (ISBN 978-1-84908-197-9). Articles connexes Expédition Braddock Province du Maryland Liens externes (en) Site officiel Ressource relative à l'architecture : Registre national des lieux historiques Ressource relative à la géographie : Geographic Names Information System http://dnr.maryland.gov/publiclands/Pages/western/fortfrederick.aspx http://dnr.maryland.gov/publiclands/Documents/FortFrederick_trailmap.pdf Portail du Registre national des lieux historiques Portail du Maryland Portail de la Nouvelle-France Portail des forces armées des États-Unis
Fort Garrison

Fort Garrison, also known as Oulton's Garrison, Risteau's Garrison, and Olton's Garrison, is a historic fortification building located at Stevenson, Baltimore County, Maryland on Garrison Farms Court. It is a rectangular fieldstone building built about 1695. The fort was built to serve as a stronghold against attacks by Native Americans and was used during the French and Indian War. It is approximately 48 feet long and 18 feet wide with one large stone fireplace. Modifications in the early-19th century raised the height of the fort building adding a second story loft and a wood shingle roof. It was constructed following a 1693 order from Governor Francis Nicholson and his Council. The property was acquired in 1965 by the Baltimore County Department of Recreation and Parks. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. In 2019, the Maryland Historical Trust removed a sign at Fort Garrison after officials received complaints over the use of the term "hostile Indians". The language, dating back to 1934, was removed on the basis of bias against Native Americans. References External links Fort Garrison - Baltimore County Historic Sites Fort Garrison, Baltimore County, including photo from 1975, at Maryland Historical Trust
Fort Howard Veterans Hospital

Fort Howard Veterans Hospital is an abandoned hospital in Fort Howard, Maryland, located at the end of North Point Road. It occupies part of the grounds of Fort Howard, an early fortification protecting Baltimore harbor. History The Fort Howard Veterans Hospital sat on the site of Fort Howard, a site that saw military action dating back to the War of 1812 when the British landed thousands of men there as the precursor to the Battle of Baltimore. In August 1940 the Veterans Administration (VA) acquired the title to the fort, and began moving operations there in January 1941. When the VA took over the site, the Medical Corps building was renovated to be the nurses’ home, infirmary, and attendants’ quarters. From 1925 to 1928 that nurses' home was the headquarters of General Douglas MacArthur. The hospital officially opened for patient care in 1943. Starting in 1958, the hospital was a major health services research site in the VA's early effort to increase care and efficiency in its hospital system in what became known as the Fort Howard Program. The program was the initiation of the Health Services R&D Service (HSR&D). During the program, the HSR&D established the VA's first intensive care unit to test the value of individual monitoring. The hospital closed in the early 2000s and the VA is leasing the site for mixed-use development for veterans. In 2014, vandals set fire to the main hospital building, resulting in significant damage to the structure. After this incident, the property was guarded by private security due to arsonists previously setting fire to several of the buildings. As of 2025, the current status of the site's redevelopment and future use is in limbo, as the community opposes the developers plans. The property remains closed to the public and is marked by fences and private security. References
Fort Tonoloway State Park

Fort Tonoloway State Park is an undeveloped Maryland state park located near present-day Hancock. Fort Tonoloway was a frontier fort built in 1755 by Lt. Thomas Stoddert and men from the Maryland State Militia. The fort was also known as Stoddert's Fort. It was abandoned in 1756 when Fort Frederick was constructed. The state park was at one time leased to the Boy Scouts. An archaeological investigation conducted by Rivanna Archaeological Services for Preservation Maryland was published in 2020. References Further reading Tonoloway Fort: Outpost on the Maryland Frontier, Gerald Sword, Friends of Fort Frederick, 1994, ASIN: B002X49ZMA.
Fort Washington Light

Fort Washington Light is a lighthouse located on the banks of the Potomac River on the grounds of its namesake fort. There has been a lighthouse on the location since 1857; the current light was converted from a fog bell tower in 1901. History Fort Washington projects into the Potomac River where the river turns north, and in 1856 Jefferson Davis, in his capacity of Secretary of War, authorized the construction of a lighthouse on the fort property, to be maintained by post personnel. Minimal funds were appropriated, and a temporary cast iron tower was constructed the following year. Almost immediately this light was found inadequate and in 1870 a 16-foot (4.9 m) replacement tower was constructed in Baltimore and erected on a site closer to the water. This tower had a sixth-order Fresnel lens. In 1882 a wooden fog bell tower was erected, and in the following years a keeper's house and various other structures sprang up around the old tower, largely obscuring it. In 1900 a request was made to build a third, taller tower, and as a temporary expedient, a light was added to the fog bell tower, sitting on a platform attached near the top. The replacement light tower was never built, and the converted fog bell tower continues in service. Over the years the 1870 tower, the keeper's house, and the surrounding buildings were all demolished. The tower is readily visible to visitors to the park in which it stands, though it is closed to public access. Gallery References Fort Washington Lighthouse - from Lighthousefriends.com de Gast, Robert (1973). The Lighthouses of the Chesapeake. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801815485. pp. 50–53 "Historic Light Station Information and Photography: Maryland" (PDF). United States Coast Guard Historian's Office. External links Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of the United States: Maryland". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chesapeake Bay Lighthouse Project - Fort Washington Light
Phare de Fort Washington

Le phare de Fort Washington (en anglais : Fort Washington Light), est un phare situé sur une rive du fleuve Potomac dans le comté du Prince George, dans le Maryland. Historique Fort Washington se trouve au bord du fleuve Potomac où celui-ci se dirige vers le nord et, en 1856, Jefferson Davis, en sa qualité de secrétaire à la Guerre, autorisa la construction d'un phare sur la propriété du fort, qui serait entretenu par le personnel du fort. Des fonds minimaux ont été alloués et une tour temporaire en fonte a été construite l'année suivante. Presque immédiatement, cette lumière a été jugée insuffisante et en 1870, une tour de remplacement de 5 m a été construite à Baltimore et érigée sur un site plus proche de l'eau. Cette tour avait une lentille de Fresnel de sixième ordre. En 1882, un bâtiment à cloche de brouillard en bois fut érigé. Au cours des années suivantes, une maison de gardien et diverses autres structures s'installèrent autour de l'ancienne tour, la dissimulant en grande partie. En 1900, une troisième tour plus haute fut construite. Comme moyen provisoire, on ajouta un feu à ce bâtiment, posé sur une plate-forme fixée près du sommet. Le phare de remplacement n'a jamais été construit et le clocher à brouillard reconverti est toujours en service. Au fil des ans, la tour de 1870, la maison du gardien et les bâtiments environnants ont tous été démolis. La tour est facilement visible par les visiteurs du Fort Washington Park (en) dans lequel elle se trouve, même si elle est fermée à l’accès du public . Description Le phare est une tourelle pyramidale en bois, avec une lanterne ouverte en bois de 8,5 m de haut. Le phare est totalement blanc. Il émet, à une hauteur focale de 28,5 m, un bref éclat rouge toutes les 6 secondes. Sa portée est de 8 milles nautiques (environ 15 km). Il porte une marque de jour triangulaire rouge sur la face avant marquée 80. Caractéristiques du feu maritime Fréquence : 6 secondes (W) Lumière : 0.6 seconde Obscurité : 5.4 secondes Identifiant : ARLHS : USA-302 ; USCG : 2-18560 ; Admiralty : J1952 . Voir aussi Références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Fort Washington Light » (voir la liste des auteurs). Lien connexe Liste des phares du Maryland Liens externes (en) Maryland Lighthouses (en) Lighthouses of the United States : Maryland Eastern Shore (en) Lighthouses of the United States : Maryland Western Shore (en) Maryland - ARLHS World List of Lights (WLOL) (en) Maryland - Online list of lights (en) Fort Washington Light - Lightphotos.net (en) Fort Washington Light - Lighthouse Explorer Portail des phares Portail de l’océan Atlantique Portail du monde maritime Portail du Maryland
Four Seasons Baltimore and Residences

Four Seasons Hotel Baltimore is a 30-story highrise hotel and condominium complex in Baltimore, Maryland. The hotel portion of the building opened on November 14, 2011. The building's construction began in 2007 and went through several changes. Developers originally planned the project as two towers, with a portion for residences. The hotel occupies just one of the towers, with the second being used as the Legg Mason Tower. A residential portion, comprising eight additional floors of condo units, began construction in 2014. The eight additional floors took almost four years to complete, adding an additional 62 residential units atop the existing hotel portion, separated by a mechanical floor. Four Seasons Hotel Baltimore has a total of 256 rooms, including 45 suites, and 62 residential units. The building contains a hotel, two restaurants, a gourmet coffee shop, private residences and residential amenities, and a major retail store. The building is located in an upscale shopping and dining area of Baltimore, Harbor East. Four Seasons Hotel Baltimore is located at 200 International Drive, overlooking the Inner Harbor. The reception desk and the lobby are on the ground floor. All the food and beverage facilities have views of the harbor through large bay windows. A function and meeting space is on the second and fourth floors. The function space includes the Grand Ballroom, the Cobalt Ballroom, eight meeting rooms and one Boardroom. The total function space, including the pre-function areas, offers over 20,000 square feet of meeting space. The spa and fitness center are on the fourth level. Hotel facilities Wit & Wisdom, a tavern by Michael Mina, is the hotel’s signature restaurant, open for breakfast, lunch and dinner. The restaurant also features a bar area and patio seating during warmer months. Lamill Coffee is a coffee shop serving beverages, delicacies, and lunch items. The hotel's spa covers over 10,000 square feet and offers 11 treatment rooms, along with private men’s and women’s relaxation rooms. Its corporate facilities includes a 5300 square foot Grand Ballroom, the dividable Cobalt Ballroom with harbor views, ten smaller meeting rooms, and a private executive boardroom. Pool An infinity pool is located outside on the fourth floor Splash Terrace. A whirlpool and reflecting pool are located on the outdoor fifth floor Harbor Terrace Splash Pool Bar & Grill is located on the Splash Terrace. Private Residences Upon completion of the 8 additional floors of residential units and amenity space, the complex opened an Indoor Infinity Pool, Fitness Center with included Sauna, outdoor and indoor entertainment space, and private valet/residential parking. The penthouse, a 6,500 square foot unit, sold in June 2021 for $8.0M, representing the highest single-condo transaction in city history. The vast majority of condo sales averaged greater than $1.5M. References
Francis Scott Key Monument

The Francis Scott Key Monument is a monument to the author of the text of the American national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner", in the Bolton Hill neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The monument features a gilded statue of Lady Columbia waving a flag on a pedestal of four stone columns, surrounded on two sides by gilded reliefs depicting the Battle of Baltimore. At the pedestal's base is a bronze statue of Francis Scott Key standing in a rowboat carved from stone. History Charles Marburg gave $25,000 to his brother Theodore Marburg to hire a sculptor to create a monument to Francis Scott Key. The French sculptor Antonin Mercié was selected. Mercié had previously created a bronze equestrian statue of Robert E. Lee in 1890 in Richmond, Virginia. The Francis Scott Key Monument was dedicated on Eutaw Place in 1911. It was restored and rededicated on September 11, 1999. The monument was defaced with the words "Racist Anthem" and splashed with red paint in September 2017. The city quickly restored the monument. Gallery See also List of public art in Baltimore Orpheus with the Awkward Foot The works of Antonin Mercié References
Francis Scott Key Mall

Francis Scott Key Mall is an enclosed shopping mall in Frederick, Maryland, United States. Opened in 1978, it is anchored by JCPenney, Macy's, DSW, Ethan Allen, Barnes & Noble, and Dick's Sporting Goods. Previously, the mall housed a Sears department store that closed in 2023 and a Value City Furniture that closed in 2026. History Original anchors at Francis Scott Key Mall in 1978 included Sears, Hess's, and Gee Bee. The mall was then owned by Crown American. It was the second mall serving Frederick, the first being Frederick Towne Mall, which opened six years prior. Leggett, now Belk, opened at the mall in 1991. The store was sold in 1996 to JCPenney, who relocated from Frederick Towne Mall. Woolworth, an original tenant, closed in the mid-1990s. Its space was divided among smaller stores. Also, Hess's sold its store to Hecht's in 1995. Hecht's became Macy's in 2006. Barnes & Noble opened a store in the mall in 2007. Value City operated out of the former Gee Bee building from 1992 until 2008, when it was converted to Value City Furniture and DSW. Dick's Sporting Goods opened in a new building outside close to Sears and Value City/DSW in 2014. On December 12, 2022, it was announced that Sears would be closing on January 15, 2023. This was the last Sears store in Maryland to stay open. In 2024, plans were released by anchor tenant Dick’s Sporting Goods which looks to create a Dick’s House of Sport location in the old Sears building. A gym is expected to open in the current Dick’s Sporting Goods building when the new store is open. Value City Furniture closed in 2026. The mall's Red Robin will close permanently on May 24, 2026 as the company continues a major restructuring effort. References External links Official website
Franklin High School (Maryland)

Franklin High School é uma escola pública localizada em Reisterstown, Maryland, Estados Unidos, uma antiga cidade histórica nos subúrbios do noroeste da moderna cidade de Baltimore, no condado de Baltimore, Maryland. Está no sistema das Escolas Públicas do Condado de Baltimore. Contexto Atualmente localizada em Reisterstown, perto do cruzamento da Franklin Boulevard com a Reisterstown Road, a Franklin High tem uma longa história. Foi criada em 10 de janeiro de 1821 como a "Franklin Academy", uma escola particular. A escola tornou-se pública em 1848, mas não estava completamente sob controle público até 1874. Seu nome foi então temporariamente alterado para "Reisterstown High School". Em 1896, o nome da escola foi alterado novamente para refletir sua herança anterior, a de "Franklin High School". É considerada a escola mais antiga do ensino médio no atual sistema de Escolas Públicas do Condado de Baltimore e uma das mais antigas da região metropolitana de Baltimore e do estado. Antes desse período, na maior parte do condado, os alunos em potencial, que ultrapassavam o nível de gramática (ou escola primária), podiam viajar para a cidade central de Baltimore se quisessem continuar em escolas públicas. A cidade mais avançada e densamente povoada havia sido empurrada por cidadãos e eleitores progressistas e esclarecidos que foram à Assembleia Geral de Maryland, que autorizou o governo da cidade de Baltimore em 1825 a estabelecer um sistema de educação e escolas públicas gratuitas. Isto foi finalmente iniciado pelas resoluções e ordenanças do Câmara Municipal de Baltimore e assinado pelo prefeito de Baltimore em 1829, que foram os primeiros no Estado. Quatro escolas secundárias foram inicialmente estabelecidas naquele ano, duas em cada lado da cidade, sendo uma para meninos e outra para meninas. Dentro de mais alguns anos, escolas secundárias adicionais foram criadas em vários cantos da cidade. Alunos notáveis Nancy R. Stocksdale — Membro da Câmara dos Deputados de Maryland. Brad Mays — premiado cineasta e diretor de teatro, turma de 1973. Moose Haas — um ex-jogador de beisebol profissional que jogou nas principais ligas de 1976 a 1987. Thomas Rowe Price, Jr. — fundador da empresa T. Rowe Price Amit Mehta — o primeiro asiático-americano a servir como juiz federal dos Estados Unidos. Jean Worthley — naturalista e ex-apresentador do Hodgepodge Lodge e On Nature's Trail. Referências Ligações externas Sítio da Franklin High School
Frederick station

Frederick is a passenger rail station and the northern terminus of the MARC Brunswick Line's Frederick branch, which heads south toward Washington, D.C. This is one of two stations on the Frederick branch. The station is also a major hub for buses of the TransIT Services of Frederick, Maryland. Frederick Station is located at 100 South East Street, at the south end of the bridge over Carroll Creek in Frederick, Maryland. It was built on December 17, 2001, on the old Frederick Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and was designed to represent some of the original B&O depots of the 19th century. The station is ADA accessible due to a mini-high platform. References External links MARC Train, Maryland Transit Administration Frederick MARC Station (TrainWeb) Station House from Google Maps Street View
Aeroportul Municipal Frederick

Aeroportul Municipal Frederick (IATA: FDK, ICAO: KFDK, FAA LID: FDK) este un aeroport din Maryland, Statele Unite ale Americii. Aeroportul a fost tranzitat în 2019 de 38 de pasageri. Situat la o altitudine de 92 m, aeroportul dispune de 2 piste. Infrastructură Piste Aeroportul dispune de 2 piste. Pista 05/23 are suprafața de asfalt și dimensiunile 5.219 picioare × 100 picioare. Pista 12/30 are suprafața de asfalt și dimensiunile 3.600 picioare × 75 picioare. Terminale Note Vezi și