NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only huggingface dataset:
Faro di Portland

Il Faro di Portland è uno storico faro situato a Cape Elizabeth, nel Maine. Completato nel 1791, è il faro più antico del Maine. Oggi è automatizzato e l’ex abitazione del custode ospita un museo. Storia La costruzione iniziò nel 1787 su direttiva di George Washington e fu completata il 10 gennaio 1791. In origine, per l’illuminazione venivano utilizzate lampade alimentate a olio di balena. Nel 1787, quando il Maine faceva ancora parte del Massachusetts, George Washington incaricò due muratori della città di Falmouth (l’odierna Portland) di dirigere la costruzione di un faro sul promontorio. Il progetto originale prevedeva una torre alta 58 piedi (circa 18 metri). Una volta completata, i muratori si resero conto che la struttura non sarebbe stata visibile oltre i promontori situati a sud; per questo motivo la torre venne innalzata di ulteriori 20 piedi (circa 6 metri). Nel 1789, dopo l’approvazione da parte del neonato Congresso, vennero stanziati i fondi necessari e il Segretario del Tesoro, Alexander Hamilton, fu incaricato di informare gli artigiani che potevano proseguire i lavori. La torre fu terminata nel 1790 e accesa per la prima volta il 10 gennaio 1791. L’abitazione del custode presente ancora oggi venne costruita nel 1891. Quando fu realizzato il faro di Halfway Rock, il faro del promontorio venne considerato meno importante e, nel 1883, la torre fu ridotta di 20 piedi (6,1 metri) e dotata di una lente più debole. A seguito delle proteste dei marinai, nel 1885 furono ripristinati sia l’altezza originaria sia la lente più potente. Oggi Si erge a 80 piedi (24 m) dal suolo e a 101 piedi (31 m) sul livello del mare. I terreni e la casa del custode appartengono al comune di Cape Elizabeth, mentre il segnale luminoso e quello da nebbia sono di proprietà della Guardia Costiera degli Stati Uniti. Il faro è stato inserito nel National Register of Historic Places con il numero di riferimento 73000121. Nel 2002 è stato inoltre riconosciuto come National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark dall’American Society of Civil Engineers. Nell'arte Nel 1927, il pittore Edward Hopper realizzò un acquerello raffigurante il faro. L'opera è conservata al Museum of Fine Arts di Boston. Note Altri progetti Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Faro di Portland
Маяк Портленд-Хед

Маяк Портленд-Хед (англ. Portland Head Light) — маяк, расположенный на небольшом мысе на пути в гавань города Портленд, штат Мэн, США. Административно принадлежит городу Кейп Элизабет, округ Камберленд. Построен в 1791 году. Старейший маяк в штате Мэн. Автоматизирован в 1989 году. История Строительство началось в 1787 году по указанию Джорджа Вашингтона и было завершено 10 января 1791 года с использованием созданного им фонда в размере 1 500$. Изначально для освещения использовались лампы с китовым жиром, которые были заменены линзой Френеля в 1855 году. Которые, в свою очередь, были заменены аэромаяками в 1958 году. В 1787 году, когда штат Мэн все еще был частью штата Массачусетс, Джордж Вашингтон нанял двух каменщиков из города Фалмут (современный Портленд), Джонатана Брайанта и Джона Николса. Он дал им 4 года на сооружение маяка и поручил максимально экономить при его строительстве, потому башня была построена из щебня. Первоначально планировалось возвести здание высотой 17,7 метров, но этого оказалось недостаточно, и высоту увеличили до 23,8 метров. 10 августа конгресс США утвердил выделение 1 500$ на строительство маяка. В 1790 году башня была завершена, и 10 января 1791 года маяк был официально открыт. Когда маяк Халфвей-Рок был введен в строй, значимость маяка Портленд-Хед снизилась, и его башню укоротили на 6 метров в 1883 году. Однако после жалоб моряков прежняя высота башни была восстановлена в 1885 году. В 1891 году был построен дом смотрителя. С тех пор башня мало изменилась, сегодня ее высота составляет 24,4 метра над землей и 31 метр над уровнем моря. Маяк был автоматизирован Береговой охраной США в 1989 году. Оригинальные линзы Френеля, использовавшиеся в маяке, хранятся в небольшом музее в доме смотрителя рядом с маяком. В 1973 году маяк был включен в Национальный реестр исторических мест. В произведениях культуры и искусства Эдвард Хоппер нарисовал маяк в 1927 году. Его картина хранится в Бостонском музее изящных искусств. Снежный вид маяка Портленд-Хед был показан в драме 1999 года «Снег падающий на кедры». Также его можно увидеть в фильме 1999 года «Послание в бутылке». Маяк Портленд-Хед появлялся в пятом, шестом и седьмом сезонах телесериала Marvel «Агенты «Щ.И.Т.»», где он скрывал тайную подземную базу агентства «Щ.И.Т.», которая использовалась для управления наземными операциями. Фотографии Примечания Ссылки Официальный сайт маяка Фотографии маяка
Portland Observatory

Das Portland Observatory wurde 1807 in Portland, Maine errichtet. Der Turm ist ein Holzfachwerkturm mit steinernem Fundament. Er ist der letzte maritime Signalturm in den Vereinigten Staaten. Portland hat einen tiefen Hafen, der durch zahlreiche Inseln geschützt wird. Die Schiffe, die den Hafen benutzen, sind nicht von den Hügeln sichtbar, was Probleme für die Kaufleute verursachte, die versuchten, sich auf die Ankunft der Ladungen vorzubereiten. Dieses Problem wurde 1807 gelöst, als Kapitän Lemuel Moody den Bau eines Aussichtsturms auf dem Hügel Munjoy Portlands organisierte, sichtbar vom Ozean und von den Anlegestellen. Während des Krieges von 1812 wurde der Turm als Wachtturm benutzt. Der 26,2 Meter hohe Turm mit 7 Stockwerken ist achteckig und steht 68 Meter über dem Meeresspiegel. Die "Laterne" des Turmes schloss ein Teleskop ein, mit dem man Schiffe 56 Kilometer auf dem Meer sehen konnte. Dieses Teleskop wurde 1939 demontiert. Der Turm wurde mehrfach renoviert. Am 24. April 1973 wurde Portland Observatory als Baudenkmal in das National Register of Historic Places aufgenommen. Am 17. Februar 2006 erhielt der Turm den Status einer National Historic Landmark. Im gleichen Jahr wurde Portland Observatory von der American Society of Civil Engineers der List of Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks hinzugefügt. Weblinks Portland Observatory. In: Structurae Einzelnachweise
Портлендская обсерватория

Портлендская обсерватория — расположена в городе Портленд, штат Мэн. Восьмиугольное 26-метровое здание построено в 1807 году и служило сигнальной башней. Портленд имеет глубокую гавань, защищённую со всех сторон многочисленными островами. Приход судов в порт напрямую не виден с набережной, что создавало проблемы для продавцов, которые пытались подготовиться к прибытию грузов. Решение было найдено в 1807 году, когда капитан Лемуэль Муди организовал строительство обсерватории в Портленде, чтобы наблюдать за открытым океаном. Купцы платили обсерватории ежегодный сбор со своих судов за то, что их флаги поднимались на флагштоке, когда корабли были в поле зрения. В конце XIX века здесь был установлен телефон, а когда на судах появилась радиосвязь, то функции обсерватории оказались не нужны городу. В 1972 году здание вошло в список важнейших достопримечательностей США. В 2006 году здание было включено в список национальных исторических памятников США. Примечания Ссылки Web-камера, показывающая обсерваторию
Île Mistake

L'île Mistake est une île du comté de Washington dans l'État du Maine aux États-Unis. Elle se situe à l'est de Great Wass Island (en), au sud-est de la ville de Jonesport. L'île contient peu de végétation. L'île Mistake est connue pour son nom de lieu inhabituel. Un phare, toujours en activité, s'élève au sommet de l'île. Le phare est fermé aux visiteurs en général. Réserve naturelle L'île est une réserve naturelle de la Great Wass Island Reserve . Notes et références (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Mistake Island » (voir la liste des auteurs). Voir aussi Lien interne Géographie du Maine Liste des îles du Maine Ressource relative à la géographie : Geographic Names Information System Portail du Maine (États-Unis) Portail des îles Portail de l’océan Atlantique
Rumford Mill

Rumford Mill is a pulp mill and paper mill located in the United States town of Rumford, Maine. The mill has two kraft pulp lines and three paper machines. The mill produces 460,000 tonnes of kraft pulp and 565,000 tonnes of paper annually. The mill has 621 employees as of 2016. Now owned by ND Paper LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Nine Dragons Paper Holdings Limited, the mill is now known as ND Paper–Rumford Mill. History The mill was established in 1901 by Hugh J. Chisholm. He had established the Portland and Rumford Falls Railway, which was completed in 1892 and aimed at exploiting the falls to manufacture paper. The Oxford Paper Company grew out of this mill and remained owned by the Chisholm family until 1967. Rumford was the sole manufacturer of US Post Office postcards, as well as the country's largest bookpaper manufacturer. Ownership passed to Ethyl Corporation in 1967, Boise Cascade Paper Company in 1976, Mead Corporation in 1996, Cerberus Capital Management as NewPage in 2005 and Catalyst Paper in 2015. In 2018 the mill was acquired by Nine Dragons Paper Holdings Limited. In popular culture The mill is the focus of Kerri Arsenault's part memoir part investigative reporting book of 2020 Mill Town. In the book, Arsenault shares her views about the health impacts from the mill. Environmental impact In 2021, this plant was one of the top five polluters in the state of Maine See also Old Town paper mill, owned by the same company References
Stonington Opera House

The Stonington Opera House is a theatrical venue at the corner of Main and School Streets in the center of Stonington, Maine. Built in 1912, it is one of a small number of early 20th-century performance halls constructed in Maine. It is the current home of Opera House Arts, a non-profit organization dedicated to restoring and preserving the historic building to its original purpose as a central community institution. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. Description and history The Stonington Opera House is set in the town's central business district, on a rock outcrop across Main Street from the main pier. The building has two sections, the more prominent one being the tall southern portion, on which a large sign proclaim's the building's name. This section is framed in wood, finished in clapboards, and is topped by a hip roof. It houses the stage area, including wings and dressing rooms. To the north is a lower gable-roofed ell, which houses the seating area and lobby. The main entrance is located at the north end of the building, while there is a secondary entrance on the east side of the tall south block. Distinctive interior features include a surviving 1910s projection booth, which is lined with asbestos tile and designed to be isolatable in the event that unstable nitrate-based film stock (used in early-generation films) caught fire. The theater was built in 1912, on the site of an earlier hall which was destroyed by fire in 1910. It continued the practice of the earlier facility, hosting theatrical productions, lectures, and community events. Its floor was covered with removable folding chairs, so that the space could be used for dances and other social events. Its diverse uses included town meetings, basketball games, and roller skating. It was fitted for screening films around 1918, which came to dominate its uses in the mid-20th century. Unlike other early theaters, which were generally incorporated into municipal buildings, this one was specifically built as a profit-making venture, and was designed to accommodate elaborate theatrical productions, and is probably the oldest of this type in the state. After a period of decline, the building was rehabilitated in 1979, but closed again in the late 1980s. It was again updated and reopened by Opera House Arts, a local nonprofit, in 2000, and is once again used primarily for film screenings and theatrical productions. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Hancock County, Maine References
Pond Island (Penobscot Bay)

Pond Island is a small 32-acre (13 ha) island in Penobscot Bay, on the central coast of Maine, United States. The island is a conservation property of the Maine Coast Heritage Trust, and is open to the public, with two small campsites. The island was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 for the significance of its prehistoric archaeological sites. It is named for the saltwater pond located at its center. Description Pond Island is located in Penobscot Bay, south of Cape Rosier, the western portion of Brooksville, and roughly west of Little Deer Isle, one of the major islands of the town of Deer Isle. The island is geologically a combination of barrier sand dunes that were joined at a small knoll, with a small pond at its center that is connected to the bay via a tidal channel. The island is oriented roughly east–west, with slight tilt placing the western end further north than the eastern. Off the western end is a smaller islet called John's Head, which is joined to the island at low tide. The eastern end of the island is subject to erosion. The island consists of a combination of sand dunes and salt marshes, woods and meadows, in addition to the salt pond. This mix of habitats supports a wide array of wildlife, mainly shorebirds and wading birds. John's Head is a significant nesting area for gulls, eiders, and guillemots. There are two small campsites available for public use (advance permission required for their use by larger groups), and a trail leads to the island's high point. The area around the salt pond is known to be rich in archaeological artifacts; investigation has yielded evidence of human habitation dating from historic times as far back as 2000 years. The island was purchased c. 1979 by Philadelphia Conservationists, Inc., a Pennsylvania-based conservation group. It granted Acadia National Park a "forever wild" conservation easement to the island in 1982, and turned it over to the Maine Coast Heritage Trust in 1995. The island was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 for its archaeological significance. See also List of islands of Maine National Register of Historic Places listings in Hancock County, Maine References External links Pond Island Preserve web site
Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge

Das Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge ist ein 37 Quadratkilometer großes Naturschutzgebiet, das aus mehreren einzelnen Gebieten entlang der Südküste des US-amerikanischen Bundesstaats Maine besteht. Das Naturschutzgebiet wurde 1966 eingerichtet und trägt seinen Namen zu Ehren der Biologin und Sachbuchautorin Rachel Carson, die mit ihrem Buch Der stumme Frühling unter anderem auf die Auswirkung von DDT auf Vögel aufmerksam gemacht hat. Das Naturschutzgebiet umfasst mehrere unterschiedliche Lebensräume, darunter eine Marsch, Dünen, Sandstrand, eine von den Gezeiten beeinflusste Flussmündung und felsige Meeresküste. Zu den geschützten Arten, die in diesem Naturschutzgebiet brüten, zählen der Gelbfuß-Regenpfeifer und die Rosenseeschwalbe. Weblinks Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge
Refuge faunique national Rachel Carson

Le refuge faunique national Rachel Carson (anglais : Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge) est un National Wildlife Refuge américain situé dans le Maine. Cette aire protégée de 22 km2 couvre plusieurs parcelles sur 80 km de côte du sud de l'État. Il a été nommé en l'honneur de Rachel Carson, auteure du livre Printemps silencieux. Notes et références Annexes Liens externes Ressources relatives à la géographie : Geographic Names Information System World Database on Protected Areas (en) Site officiel Portail de la conservation de la nature Portail de la zoologie Portail du Maine (États-Unis)
Art Gallery (University of Southern Maine)

The Art Gallery of the University of Southern Maine, Gorham campus, is located at 5 University Way, at the main campus entrance. The building in which it is located was built in 1822 as a non-denominational church building, and has also served as Gorham's town hall. It has been part of the campus since the early 1960s, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. Description and history The Art Gallery is located at the southern edge of the USM Gorham campus, at the northeast corner of University Way and College Avenue, west of the Gorham town center. It is a rectangular wood-frame structure, about 42 by 60 feet (13 m × 18 m), with a front-facing gable roof, clapboard siding, and a stone foundation. The front, facing south, is distinguished by a temple facade, with four fluted Doric columns supporting an entablature and fully pedimented gable. The gable has a small rectangular opening at its center, that originally housed a window but is now boarded over. The facade behind the temple front has two sash windows flanking a central entrance. The side walls have six evenly spaced windows. The building was constructed in 1822, primarily to provide a performance venue for the local Handel Society, a singing group that provided music to religious groups that met in the space. It was used in this capacity until 1844, when it was auctioned off. Toppan Robie, a prominent local businessman, won the auction, and promptly gave the building to the town. In return he was given the town's old town hall, and a stipulation that the building would return to his (or his heirs') ownership if it ceased to be used for town functions. The town used it for town meetings until 1960, at which time it reverted to the Robie heirs. They promptly donated the building to the state. It has since been adapted by the university for use as an art gallery. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Cumberland County, Maine References External links University of Southern Maine Art Galleries
D.V. Adams Co.-Bussell and Weston

The D.V. Adams Co.-Bussell and Weston Building is a historic commercial building at 190 Water Street in downtown Augusta, Maine. Built in 1909, it is one of the state's best early examples of a department store building. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. Description and history The D.V.Adams Co.-Bussell and Weston Building is located on the west side of Water Street, Augusta's principal business thoroughfare, on the block south of Bridge Street. It is a three-story brick structure, with a flat roof adorned by an ornate projecting cornice. It is five bays wide, with the bays articulated by pilasters, and the first-floor display windows separated from the upper floors by a stylized entablature. The central bay is wider than the others, housing the recessed building entrance on the ground floor, and three-part windows on the upper floors with slender pilasters dividing the sections. The interior retains original decorative features, including iron columns, a wooden staircase, and pressed metal ceilings. The building was designed by the Boston, Massachusetts firm of Freeman, Funk and Wilcox, and was built in 1909 for Bussell & Weston, a dry goods retailer. The building is a notable departure from the commercial Italianate architecture that predominates on Water Street. It originally had a stepped parapet, which was replaced c. 1919-1926 with the present Italianate cornice, bringing it more in sympathy with its neighbors. The building housed a department store until 1985. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Kennebec County, Maine References
Eighth Maine Regiment Memorial

The Eighth Maine Regiment Memorial, now the 8th Maine Lodge, is a historic summer fraternal meeting house at 13 Eighth Maine Avenue on Peaks Island, an island neighborhood of Portland, Maine. Built in 1891 as a reunion site for veterans of the American Civil War 8th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, it is a fine example of Shingle style architecture, and an important work of the local architectural firm of Fasset and Tompson. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006, and presently operates as a summer lodge and museum, with rooms rented to the public. Description and history The Eighth Maine Memorial is located on the south coast of Peaks Island, a large island at the southeastern edge of Casco Bay east of downtown Portland. It is a large two-story rectangular structure, with a gabled roof whose sides are punctuated by large cross gables. The main roof extends down to the first floor, where it transitions into the roof of a porch that wraps around the entire structure. The walls are finished in a combination of clapboards, wooden and vinyl shingles, and asphalt shingles. The building rests on a fieldstone foundation that slopes down toward the shore, exposing part of the basement. At one corner an octagonal three-story tower rises. The building interior is organized with public spaces on the ground floor, kitchen and service facilities in the basement, and living quarters on the second floor. The memorial was erected in 1891 for the use of the 8th Maine Regiment Association, a fraternal society of American Civil War veterans who had served in the 8th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Its construction was funded in large part by Colonel William M. McArthur, who won $70,000 in a lottery run by Confederate Army General P.G.T. Beauregard to raise funds for the reconstruction of Louisiana after the war. The building was designed by the Portland firm of Fasset and Tompson, a prolific team who had also designed the nearby Fifth Maine Regiment Hall. The hall was used for annual reunions until 1936, the last year one of the original veterans attended. The building continues to be owned by the association, and continues to be used by the descendants of the 8th's members. Rooms are rented to the public on a space-available basis. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Portland, Maine References External links The 8th Maine Lodge web site